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Zhu J, Zhu X, Xu Y, Chen X, Ge X, Huang Y, Wang Z. The role of noncoding RNAs in beta cell biology and tissue engineering. Life Sci 2024; 348:122717. [PMID: 38744419 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.122717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
The loss or dysfunction of pancreatic β-cells, which are responsible for insulin secretion, constitutes the foundation of all forms of diabetes, a widely prevalent disease worldwide. The replacement of damaged β-cells with regenerated or transplanted cells derived from stem cells is a promising therapeutic strategy. However, inducing the differentiation of stem cells into fully functional glucose-responsive β-cells in vitro has proven to be challenging. Noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) have emerged as critical regulatory factors governing the differentiation, identity, and function of β-cells. Furthermore, engineered hydrogel systems, biomaterials, and organ-like structures possess engineering characteristics that can provide a three-dimensional (3D) microenvironment that supports stem cell differentiation. This review summarizes the roles and contributions of ncRNAs in maintaining the differentiation, identity, and function of β-cells. And it focuses on regulating the levels of ncRNAs in stem cells to activate β-cell genetic programs for generating alternative β-cells and discusses how to manipulate ncRNA expression by combining hydrogel systems and other tissue engineering materials. Elucidating the patterns of ncRNA-mediated regulation in β-cell biology and utilizing this knowledge to control stem cell differentiation may offer promising therapeutic strategies for generating functional insulin-producing cells in diabetes cell replacement therapy and tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqi Zhu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China; Research Center of Clinical Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
| | - Xiaoren Zhu
- Department of Radiotherapy and Oncology, Affiliated Kunshan Hospital of Jiangsu University, Kunshan, China
| | - Yang Xu
- Center of Gallbladder Disease, Shanghai East Hospital, Institute of Gallstone Disease, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Xingyou Chen
- Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
| | - Xinqi Ge
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China; Research Center of Clinical Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
| | - Yan Huang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China; Research Center of Clinical Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China.
| | - Zhiwei Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China; Research Center of Clinical Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China.
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Shan Q, Liu J, Qu F, Chen A, He W. Polychlorinated biphenyls exposure and type 2 diabetes: Molecular mechanism that causes insulin resistance and islet damage. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2024; 39:2466-2476. [PMID: 38305644 DOI: 10.1002/tox.24094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are typical persistent organic pollutants that have been associated with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) in cohort studies. This review aims to comprehensively assess the molecular mechanisms of PCBs-induced T2DM. Recent progress has been made in the research of PCBs in liver tissue, adipose tissue, and other tissues. By influencing the function of nuclear receptors, such as the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR), pregnancy X receptor (PXR), and peroxisome proliferator activated receptor γ (PPARγ), as well as the inflammatory response, PCBs disrupt the balance of hepatic glucose and lipid metabolism. This is associated with insulin resistance (IR) in the target organ of insulin. Through androgen receptor (AR), estrogen receptor α/β (ERα/β), and pancreato-duodenal-homeobox gene-1 (PDX-1), PCBs affect the secretion of insulin and increase blood glucose. Thus, this review is a discussion on the relationship between PCBs exposure and the pathogenesis of T2DM. It is hoped to provide basic concepts for diabetes research and disease treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuli Shan
- College of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan, China
| | - Jingyu Liu
- College of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan, China
| | - Fan Qu
- College of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan, China
| | - Anhui Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Food Resource Development and Quality Safe, Xuzhou University of Technology, Xuzhou, China
| | - Wenxing He
- College of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan, China
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Okuda A, Kintaka Y, Tanabe K, Nakayama T, Shimouchi A, Oku T, Nakamura S. Fructooligosaccharide feeding during gestation to pregnant mice provided excessive folic acid decreases maternal and female fetal oxidative stress by increasing intestinal microbe-derived hydrogen gas. Nutr Res 2023; 120:72-87. [PMID: 37948786 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2023.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Fructooligosaccharide (FOS) is fermented by intestinal microbes to generate intestinal microbe-derived hydrogen gas (IMDH). Oxidative stress increases during gestation, whereas hydrogen gas has antioxidant effects with therapeutic benefits. We have previously reported that the offspring from a pregnant, excessive folic acid mouse model (PEFAM) had abnormal glucose metabolism after growth. We hypothesized that IMDH by FOS feeding during gestation in PEFAM would suppress maternal and fetal oxidative stress. C57BL/6J mice on day 1 of gestation were divided into 3 groups and dissected at gestational day 18. The control (CONT) diet was AIN-93G containing folic acid 2 mg/kg diet; PEFAM was fed with an excessive folic acid (EFA) diet containing folic acid 40 mg/kg diet, and the EFA-FOS diet was replaced half of the sucrose in the EFA diet. Hydrogen gas concentrations in maternal livers and whole fetuses in EFA-FOS were significantly higher than those in CONT and EFA, respectively (P < .05). Maternal and fetal 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine in EFA-FOS were not significantly different from those in the CONT group, whereas those in the EFA group were significantly increased compared with CONT and EFA-FOS (P < .05). In EFA-FOS, expression of protein and mRNA of superoxide dismutase and heme oxygenase 1 in mothers and superoxide dismutase in fetuses were not significantly different from those in CONT, whereas those in EFA were significantly increased (P < .05). The protein expression of Nrf2 in mothers and fetuses were not significantly different between EFA-FOS and CONT. Therefore, FOS feeding to PEFAM during gestation decreases maternal and fetal oxidative stress through IMDH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asuka Okuda
- Graduate School of Human Life Sciences, Jumonji University, 2-1-28 Sugasawa, Niiza, Saitama 352-8510, Japan.
| | - Yuri Kintaka
- Institute of International Nutrition and Health, Jumonji University, 2-1-28 Sugasawa, Niiza, Saitama 352-8510, Japan; Faculty of School of Health Sciences, Sapporo University of Health Sciences, 2-1-15 Nakanumanishi 4-jo, Higashi-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 007-0894, Japan
| | - Kenichi Tanabe
- Institute of International Nutrition and Health, Jumonji University, 2-1-28 Sugasawa, Niiza, Saitama 352-8510, Japan; Department of Nutritional Sciences, Nakamura Gakuen University, 5-7-1 Befu, Jonan-ku, Fukuoka 814-0198, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Nakayama
- Department of Pathology, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, 1-1 Iseigaoka, Yahatanishi-ku, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka 807-8555, Japan
| | - Akito Shimouchi
- College of Life and Health Sciences, Chubu University, 1200 Matsumoto-cho, Kasugai, Aichi 487-8501, Japan
| | - Tsuneyuki Oku
- Institute of International Nutrition and Health, Jumonji University, 2-1-28 Sugasawa, Niiza, Saitama 352-8510, Japan
| | - Sadako Nakamura
- Graduate School of Human Life Sciences, Jumonji University, 2-1-28 Sugasawa, Niiza, Saitama 352-8510, Japan; Institute of International Nutrition and Health, Jumonji University, 2-1-28 Sugasawa, Niiza, Saitama 352-8510, Japan
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Yang C, Wei M, Zhao Y, Yang Z, Song M, Mi J, Yang X, Tian G. Regulation of insulin secretion by the post-translational modifications. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1217189. [PMID: 37601108 PMCID: PMC10436566 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1217189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Post-translational modification (PTM) has a significant impact on cellular signaling and function regulation. In pancreatic β cells, PTMs are involved in insulin secretion, cell development, and viability. The dysregulation of PTM in β cells is clinically associated with the development of diabetes mellitus. Here, we summarized current findings on major PTMs occurring in β cells and their roles in insulin secretion. Our work provides comprehensive insight into understanding the mechanisms of insulin secretion and potential therapeutic targets for diabetes from the perspective of protein PTMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunhua Yang
- Shandong Technology Innovation Center of Molecular Targeting and Intelligent Diagnosis and Treatment, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Mengna Wei
- Shandong Technology Innovation Center of Molecular Targeting and Intelligent Diagnosis and Treatment, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Yanpu Zhao
- Shandong Technology Innovation Center of Molecular Targeting and Intelligent Diagnosis and Treatment, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Zhanyi Yang
- Shandong Technology Innovation Center of Molecular Targeting and Intelligent Diagnosis and Treatment, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Mengyao Song
- Shandong Technology Innovation Center of Molecular Targeting and Intelligent Diagnosis and Treatment, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Jia Mi
- Shandong Technology Innovation Center of Molecular Targeting and Intelligent Diagnosis and Treatment, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaoyong Yang
- Yale Center for Molecular and Systems Metabolism, Department of Comparative Medicine, Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Geng Tian
- Shandong Technology Innovation Center of Molecular Targeting and Intelligent Diagnosis and Treatment, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong, China
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Harithpriya K, Jayasuriya R, Adhikari T, Rai A, Ramkumar KM. Modulation of transcription factors by small molecules in β-cell development and differentiation. Eur J Pharmacol 2023; 946:175606. [PMID: 36809813 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.175606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2022] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/21/2023]
Abstract
Transcription factors regulate gene expression and play crucial roles in development and differentiation of pancreatic β-cell. The expression and/or activities of these transcription factors are reduced when β-cells are chronically exposed to hyperglycemia, which results in loss of β-cell function. Optimal expression of such transcription factors is required to maintain normal pancreatic development and β-cell function. Over many other methods of regenerating β-cells, using small molecules to activate transcription factors has gained insights, resulting in β-cells regeneration and survival. In this review, we discuss the broad spectrum of transcription factors regulating pancreatic β-cell development, differentiation and regulation of these factors in normal and pathological states. Also, we have presented set of potential pharmacological effects of natural and synthetic compounds on activities of transcription factor involved in pancreatic β-cell regeneration and survival. Exploring these compounds and their action on transcription factors responsible for pancreatic β-cell function and survival could be useful in providing new insights for development of small molecule modulators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kannan Harithpriya
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, 603 203, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Ravichandran Jayasuriya
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, 603 203, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Trishla Adhikari
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, 603 203, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Awantika Rai
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, 603 203, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Kunka Mohanram Ramkumar
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, 603 203, Tamil Nadu, India.
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Gordon WE, Baek S, Nguyen HP, Kuo YM, Bradley R, Galazyuk A, Lee I, Ingala MR, Simmons NB, Schountz T, Cooper LN, Georgakopoulos-Soares I, Hemberg M, Ahituv N. Integrative single-cell characterization of frugivory adaptations in the bat kidney and pancreas. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.02.12.528204. [PMID: 36824791 PMCID: PMC9949079 DOI: 10.1101/2023.02.12.528204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
Abstract
Frugivory evolved multiple times in mammals, including bats. However, the cellular and molecular components driving it remain largely unknown. Here, we used integrative single-cell sequencing on insectivorous and frugivorous bat kidneys and pancreases and identified key cell population, gene expression and regulatory element differences associated with frugivorous adaptation that also relate to human disease, particularly diabetes. We found an increase in collecting duct cells and differentially active genes and regulatory elements involved in fluid and electrolyte balance in the frugivore kidney. In the frugivorous pancreas, we observed an increase in endocrine and a decrease in exocrine cells and differences in genes and regulatory elements involved in insulin regulation. Combined, our work provides novel insights into frugivorous adaptation that also could be leveraged for therapeutic purposes.
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Irisin Ameliorates Oxidative Stress-Induced Injury in Pancreatic Beta-Cells by Inhibiting Txnip and Inducing Stat3-Trx2 Pathway Activation. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:4674215. [PMID: 36111165 PMCID: PMC9470320 DOI: 10.1155/2022/4674215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Revised: 07/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Lipotoxicity can lead to beta-cell dysfunction and apoptosis because it induces oxidative stress. Recent studies have found that Irisin prevents pancreatic beta-cell dysfunction induced by palmitic acid (PA). However, an association between the protection against oxidative stress conferred by Irisin and beta-cell dysfunction has not been fully elucidated. In this study, we observed that Irisin treatment prevented INS-1 cell apoptosis induced by PA treatment and preserved the insulin-secreting function of INS-1 cells in vitro. These effects probably resulted from the Irisin-induced decrease in intracellular ROS levels triggered by PA treatment. In addition, PA treatment induced oxidative stress partially by inhibiting the activation of thioredoxin 2 (Trx2) through its increase of thioredoxin-interacting protein (Txnip) expression. However, Irisin administration blocked the increase in Txnip expression, which reversed the PA-induced inactivation of Trx2. Irisin also increased the nuclear translocation of Stat3, and the inhibition of Stat3 by siRNAs blocked Irisin-induced Trx2 expression, indicating that both Txnip and Stat3 are involved in Irisin-induced activation of Trx2. Furthermore, blockade of Stat3 by siRNAs led to the decreased gene expression of MafA and Ins and to cessation of glucose-induced insulin secretion that had been enhanced by Irisin. In vivo, HFD treatment led to reduced glucose tolerance and an increase in the level of the oxidative marker malondialdehyde (MDA) compared to that in the control group. However, these effects were ameliorated by Irisin injection due to the inhibition of beta-cell apoptosis and the activation of Trx2, probably through Txnip inhibition and Stat3 activation. In conclusion, our results reveal a possible mechanism for Irisin-induced beta-cell protection, which is mediated through Txnip inhibition and activation of the Stat3-Trx2 pathway.
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Ou K, Song J, Zhang S, Fang L, Lin L, Lan M, Chen M, Wang C. Prenatal exposure to a mixture of PAHs causes the dysfunction of islet cells in adult male mice: Association with type 1 diabetes mellitus. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2022; 239:113695. [PMID: 35623150 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.113695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Revised: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) have been detected throughout the human body. Whether exposure to PAHs is associated with the incidence of type 1 diabetes mellitus should be investigated. To this end, pregnant mice were exposed to mixed PAHs (5, 50, or 500 μg/kg) once every other day during gestation. The adult male offspring displayed impaired glucose tolerance and reduced serum levels of glucagon and insulin. Immunohistochemical staining revealed increased numbers of apoptotic β-cells and a reduced β-cell mass in these males. The downregulated expression of pancreatic estrogen receptor α, androgen receptor, and transcription factor PDX1 was responsible for impacting β-cell development. The relatively reduced α-cell area was associated with downregulated ARX expression. The transcription of Isn2 and Gcg in pancreatic tissue was downregulated, which indicated that the function of β-cells and α-cells was impaired. Methylation levels in the Isn2 promotor were significantly elevated in mice prenatally exposed to 500 µg/kg PAHs, which was consistent with the change in its mRNA levels. The number of macrophages infiltrating islets was significantly increased, indicating that prenatal PAH exposure might reduce islet cell numbers in an autoimmune manner. This study shows that prenatal exposure to PAHs may promote the pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunlin Ou
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, PR China
| | - Jialin Song
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, PR China
| | - Siqi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, PR China
| | - Lu Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, PR China
| | - Lesi Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, PR China
| | - Miaolin Lan
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, PR China
| | - Meng Chen
- College of Environment & Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, PR China.
| | - Chonggang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, PR China.
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Lei Z, Chen Y, Wang J, Zhang Y, Shi W, Wang X, Xing D, Li D, Jiao X. Txnip deficiency promotes β-cell proliferation in the HFD-induced obesity mouse model. Endocr Connect 2022; 11:EC-21-0641. [PMID: 35294398 PMCID: PMC9066588 DOI: 10.1530/ec-21-0641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Elucidating the mechanisms of regulation of β-cell proliferation is key to understanding the pathogenesis of diabetes mellitus. Txnip is a tumor suppressor that is upregulated in diabetes and plays an important role in the regulation of insulin sensitivity; however, its potential effect on pancreatic β-cell proliferation remains unclear. Here, we evaluated the role of Txnip in pancreatic β-cell compensatory proliferation by subjecting WT and Txnip knockout (KO) mice to a high-fat diet (HFD). Our results demonstrate that Txnip deficiency improves glucose tolerance and increases insulin sensitivity in HFD-induced obesity. The antidiabetogenic effect of Txnip deficiency was accompanied by increased β-cell proliferation and enhanced β-cell mass expansion. Furthermore, Txnip deficiency modulated the expression of a set of transcription factors with key roles in β-cell proliferation and cell cycle regulation. Txnip KO in HFD mice also led to activated levels of p-PI3K, p-AKT, p-mTOR and p-GSK3β, suggesting that Txnip may act via PI3K/AKT signaling to suppress β-cell proliferation. Thus, our work provides a theoretical basis for Txnip as a new therapeutic target for the treatment of diabetes mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhandong Lei
- Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology, Ministry of Education, and the Department of Physiology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
- Department of Anatomy, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Yunfei Chen
- Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology, Ministry of Education, and the Department of Physiology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Jin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology, Ministry of Education, and the Department of Physiology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology, Ministry of Education, and the Department of Physiology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Wenjuan Shi
- Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology, Ministry of Education, and the Department of Physiology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Xuejiao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology, Ministry of Education, and the Department of Physiology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Dehai Xing
- Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology, Ministry of Education, and the Department of Physiology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Dongxue Li
- Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology, Ministry of Education, and the Department of Physiology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Xiangying Jiao
- Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology, Ministry of Education, and the Department of Physiology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
- Correspondence should be addressed to X Jiao:
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Role of the Transcription Factor MAFA in the Maintenance of Pancreatic β-Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23094478. [PMID: 35562869 PMCID: PMC9101179 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23094478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Revised: 04/16/2022] [Accepted: 04/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic β-cells are specialized to properly regulate blood glucose. Maintenance of the mature β-cell phenotype is critical for glucose metabolism, and β-cell failure results in diabetes mellitus. Recent studies provide strong evidence that the mature phenotype of β-cells is maintained by several transcription factors. These factors are also required for β-cell differentiation from endocrine precursors or maturation from immature β-cells during pancreatic development. Because the reduction or loss of these factors leads to β-cell failure and diabetes, inducing the upregulation or inhibiting downregulation of these transcription factors would be beneficial for studies in both diabetes and stem cell biology. Here, we discuss one such factor, i.e., the transcription factor MAFA. MAFA is a basic leucine zipper family transcription factor that can activate the expression of insulin in β-cells with PDX1 and NEUROD1. MAFA is indeed indispensable for the maintenance of not only insulin expression but also function of adult β-cells. With loss of MAFA in type 2 diabetes, β-cells cannot maintain their mature phenotype and are dedifferentiated. In this review, we first briefly summarize the functional roles of MAFA in β-cells and then mainly focus on the molecular mechanism of cell fate conversion regulated by MAFA.
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Luo Y, Wang T, Chen Z, Zhang G. Knowledge domain and emerging trends in beta-cell research: A bibliometric and knowledge-map analysis. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:1086667. [PMID: 36743933 PMCID: PMC9892706 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.1086667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Up to now, the physiology, pathology, and recovery of beta-cells have been intensively studied and made great progress, and these are of major significance for the treatment of related diseases. Nevertheless, a comprehensive and objective report on the status of beta-cell research is lacking. Therefore, this study aims to conduct a bibliometric analysis to quantify and identify the current status and trending issues in beta-cell research. METHODS The articles and reviews related to beta-cell were obtained from the Web of Science Core Collection on August 31, 2022. Two scientometric software (CiteSpace 6.1.R3 and VOSviewer 1.6.18) were used to perform bibliometric and knowledge-map analysis. RESULTS A total of 4098 papers were published in 810 academic journals in 2938 institutions from 83 countries/regions. The number of beta-cell-related publications was increasing steadily. The United States was the most productive country, while Universite libre de Bruxelles, University of Toronto and University of Geneva were the most active institutions. Diabetes published the most beta-cell studies and received the largest number of co-citations. Decio I Eizirik published the most papers and had the most co-citations. Twelve references on reviews and mechanisms were regarded as the knowledge base. Four major aspects of beta-cell research included the pathological mechanism of beta-cell failure, the recovery of beta cells, the risk factor related to beta cells, and the physiology of beta cells. Endoplasmic reticulum stress and oxidative stress have been core elements throughout the research in this field. In addition, beta-cell dedifferentiation, inflammation, autophagy, miRNA, and lncRNA are hot topics nowadays. Additionally, stem cell replacement therapies might be the alternative way to reverse beta-cell failure. Restoring beta-cell mass and function will remain a research goal in the future. CONCLUSION This study provided a comprehensive overview of beta-cell research through bibliometric and visual methods. The information would provide helpful references for scholars focusing on beta cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunpeng Luo
- Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Institute of Endocrinology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Tong Wang
- Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Zhuhong Chen
- Institute of Endocrinology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Guangde Zhang, ; Zhuhong Chen,
| | - Guangde Zhang
- Institute of Endocrinology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Guangde Zhang, ; Zhuhong Chen,
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Park SY, Kwon O, Kim JY. Effect of Mori ramulus on the postprandial blood glucose levels and inflammatory responses of healthy subjects subjected to an oral high-fat/sucrose challenge: A double-blind, randomized, crossover clinical trial. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 146:112552. [PMID: 34923339 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Revised: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Blood glucose is inadequately controlled in diabetes mellitus, causing various inflammation-related complications. This study aimed to investigate responses to an oral sucrose/lipid challenge in the context of glucose metabolism after consumption of Mori ramulus (MR) extract. In this study on healthy subjects, the optimal dose and safety of MR were confirmed in a preliminary pilot trial (n = 24), meanwhile, blood glucose, insulin, and inflammatory marker levels were detected via an oral sucrose/lipid tolerance test in the main trial (n = 36). In the main study, the blood glucose response was significantly decreased after 240 min in the MR group. Compared to the placebo group, the treatment group exhibited plasma insulin levels that were significantly increased at 120 min and decreased at 240 min. In conclusion, a single MR extract dose protects against inflammation induced by high-fat/sugar to maintain normal insulin secretion and thus helps to maintain postprandial blood glucose levels via an inflammatory mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soo-Yeon Park
- Department of Nutritional Science and Food Management, Graduate Program in System Health Science and Engineering, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Oran Kwon
- Department of Nutritional Science and Food Management, Graduate Program in System Health Science and Engineering, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea; Department of Nutritional Science and Food Management, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Yeon Kim
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Seoul National University of Science and Technology, Seoul 01811, Republic of Korea.
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Rodriguez-Rodriguez AE, Porrini E, Torres A. Beta-Cell Dysfunction Induced by Tacrolimus: A Way to Explain Type 2 Diabetes? Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms221910311. [PMID: 34638652 PMCID: PMC8509035 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221910311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The combination of insulin resistance and β-cells dysfunction leads to the onset of type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). This process can last for decades, as β-cells are able to compensate the demand for insulin and maintain normoglycemia. Understanding the adaptive capacity of β-cells during this process and the causes of its failure is essential to the limit onset of diabetes. Post-transplant diabetes mellitus (PTDM) is a common and serious disease that affects 30% of renal transplant recipients. With the exception of immunosuppressive therapy, the risk factors for T2D are the same as for PTDM: obesity, dyslipidaemia, insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome. Tacrolimus (TAC) is the immunosuppressant of choice after renal transplantation but it has the highest rates of PTDM. Our group has shown that insulin resistance and glucolipotoxicity, without favouring the appearance of apoptosis, modify key nuclear factors for the maintenance of identity and functionality of β-cells. In this context, TAC accelerates or enhances these changes. Our hypothesis is that the pathways that are affected in the progression from pre-diabetes to diabetes in the general population are the same pathways that are affected by TAC. So, TAC can be considered a tool to study the pathogenesis of T2DM. Here, we review the common pathways of β-cells dysfunction on T2DM and TAC-induced diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Elena Rodriguez-Rodriguez
- Research Unit, Hospital Universitario de Canarias, 38320 La Laguna, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain;
- Fundación General de la Universidad, Universidad de La Laguna, 38204 La Laguna, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
| | - Esteban Porrini
- Unidad Ensayos Clinicos-UCICEC, Hospital Universitario de Canarias, 38320 La Laguna, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain;
- Instituto Tecnologías Biomédicas (ITB), Universidad de La Laguna, 38200 La Laguna, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-922-678-116
| | - Armando Torres
- Unidad Ensayos Clinicos-UCICEC, Hospital Universitario de Canarias, 38320 La Laguna, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain;
- Nephrology Department, Hospital Universitario de Canarias, 38320 La Laguna, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
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Jaikumkao K, Promsan S, Thongnak L, Swe MT, Tapanya M, Htun KT, Kothan S, Intachai N, Lungkaphin A. Dapagliflozin ameliorates pancreatic injury and activates kidney autophagy by modulating the AMPK/mTOR signaling pathway in obese rats. J Cell Physiol 2021; 236:6424-6440. [PMID: 33559163 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Revised: 12/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Chronic consumption of a high-fat diet induces obesity and impairs the ultra-structure of organs and tissues. We examined the effect of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitor-dapagliflozin on renal and pancreatic injuries in obese condition. Rats were fed a high-fat diet for 16 weeks to induce obesity. After that, dapagliflozin or vildagliptin, 1.0 or 3.0 mg/kg/day, respectively, was administered by oral gavage for 4 weeks. The effects of dapagliflozin on insulin resistance, kidney autophagy, pancreatic oxidative stress, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, inflammation, and apoptosis in high-fat diet-induced obese rats were elucidated. High-fat-diet fed rats demonstrated metabolic abnormalities including increased body weight, visceral fat weight, plasma insulin, plasma cholesterol, homeostasis model assessment (HOMA) index, and TAUCg, indicating the obese-insulin resistant and glucose intolerance conditions. Also, high-fat-diet fed rats exhibited significant pancreatic injury accompanied by decreased kidney autophagy. Dapagliflozin or vildagliptin treatment for 4 weeks ameliorated pancreatic oxidative stress, ER stress, inflammation, and apoptosis and restored kidney autophagy in obese rats. Moreover, the morphology changes of the pancreas and kidney were improved in the treated groups. Interestingly, dapagliflozin showed higher efficacy than vildagliptin in improving body weight, visceral fat weight, plasma cholesterol level, and pancreatic oxidative stress in our model. Taken together, the present study demonstrated that the therapeutic effects of dapagliflozin attenuated pancreatic injury, pancreatic oxidative stress, ER stress, inflammation, apoptosis, and exerted renoprotective effects by restoring autophagic signaling in obese rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krit Jaikumkao
- Department of Radiologic Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Department of Radiologic Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Center of Radiation Research and Medical Imaging, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Sasivimon Promsan
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Laongdao Thongnak
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Myat T Swe
- Department of Physiology, University of Medicine 2, Yangon, Yangon, Myanmar
| | - Monruedee Tapanya
- Department of Radiologic Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Khin T Htun
- Department of Radiologic Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Suchart Kothan
- Department of Radiologic Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Department of Radiologic Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Center of Radiation Research and Medical Imaging, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Nuttawadee Intachai
- Department of Radiologic Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Anusorn Lungkaphin
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
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Beeraka NM, Tomilova IK, Batrak GA, Zhaburina MV, Nikolenko VN, Sinelnikov MY, Mikhaleva LM. Recent Insights into the Nutritional Antioxidant Therapy in Prevention and Treatment of Diabetic Vascular Complications - A comprehensive Review. Curr Med Chem 2021; 29:1920-1935. [PMID: 34375177 DOI: 10.2174/0929867328666210810142527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2021] [Revised: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) and DM-induced vascular complications are a significant global healthcare problem causing a decrease in patient quality of life. The main reason for the disability and mortality of patients is rapidly progressing micro- and macroangiopathies. Currently, free radical oxidation is recognized as one of the main mechanisms in the development of DM and associated complications. Under normal physiological conditions, the level of free radicals and antioxidant defense capabilities is balanced. However, imbalance occurs between the antioxidant defense system and pro-oxidants during chronic hyperglycemia and may invoke formation of excess free radicals, leading to activation of lipid peroxidation and accumulation of highly toxic products of free radical oxidation. This is accompanied by varying degrees of insulin deficiency and insulin resistance in DM patients. Simultaneously with the activation of free radical generation, a decrease in the activity of antioxidant defense factors (superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase, vitamins C and E) and an acceleration of diabetic complications is seen. Therefore, we hypothesize that antioxidants may play a positive role in the treatment of DM patients to prevent DM-induced vascular complications. However this has not been sufficiently studied. In this review, we discuss recent insights into the potential underlying mechanisms of oxidative stress induced diabetic complications, and implications of antioxidants in mitigation of DM-induced vascular complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narasimha M Beeraka
- Center of Excellence in Regenerative Medicine and Molecular Biology (CEMR), Department of Biochemistry, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research (JSS AHER),Mysuru, Karnataka, India
| | - Irina K Tomilova
- Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education Ivanovo State Medical Academy, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Ivanovo. Russian Federation
| | - Galina A Batrak
- Center of Excellence in Regenerative Medicine and Molecular Biology (CEMR), Department of Biochemistry, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research (JSS AHER),Mysuru, Karnataka, India
| | - Maria V Zhaburina
- Center of Excellence in Regenerative Medicine and Molecular Biology (CEMR), Department of Biochemistry, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research (JSS AHER),Mysuru, Karnataka, India
| | - Vladimir N Nikolenko
- Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow 119146. Russian Federation
| | - Mikhail Y Sinelnikov
- Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow 119146. Russian Federation
| | - Liudmila M Mikhaleva
- Research Institute of Human Morphology, Russian Academy of Medical Science, Moscow 117418. Russian Federation
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Favorable Effects of GLP-1 Receptor Agonist against Pancreatic β-Cell Glucose Toxicity and the Development of Arteriosclerosis: "The Earlier, the Better" in Therapy with Incretin-Based Medicine. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22157917. [PMID: 34360682 PMCID: PMC8348147 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22157917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Revised: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Fundamental pancreatic β-cell function is to produce and secrete insulin in response to blood glucose levels. However, when β-cells are chronically exposed to hyperglycemia in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), insulin biosynthesis and secretion are decreased together with reduced expression of insulin transcription factors. Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) plays a crucial role in pancreatic β-cells; GLP-1 binds to the GLP-1 receptor (GLP-1R) in the β-cell membrane and thereby enhances insulin secretion, suppresses apoptotic cell death and increase proliferation of β-cells. However, GLP-1R expression in β-cells is reduced under diabetic conditions and thus the GLP-1R activator (GLP-1RA) shows more favorable effects on β-cells at an early stage of T2DM compared to an advanced stage. On the other hand, it has been drawing much attention to the idea that GLP-1 signaling is important in arterial cells; GLP-1 increases nitric oxide, which leads to facilitation of vascular relaxation and suppression of arteriosclerosis. However, GLP-1R expression in arterial cells is also reduced under diabetic conditions and thus GLP-1RA shows more protective effects on arteriosclerosis at an early stage of T2DM. Furthermore, it has been reported recently that administration of GLP-1RA leads to the reduction of cardiovascular events in various large-scale clinical trials. Therefore, we think that it would be better to start GLP-1RA at an early stage of T2DM for the prevention of arteriosclerosis and protection of β-cells against glucose toxicity in routine medical care.
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17
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Cao G, González J, Ortiz Fragola JP, Muller A, Tumarkin M, Moriondo M, Azzato F, Blanco MV, Milei J. Structural changes in endocrine pancreas of male Wistar rats due to chronic cola drink consumption. Role of PDX-1. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0243340. [PMID: 34115756 PMCID: PMC8195359 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0243340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM The objective of this work was to analyze the structural changes of the pancreatic islets in rats, after 6 month consuming regular and light cola for 6 months. Also, we have analyzed the possible role of PDX-1 in that process. Finally, with the available knowledge, we propose a general working hypothesis that explains the succession of phenomena observed. Previously, we reported evidence showing that chronic cola consumption in rats impairs pancreatic metabolism of insulin and glucagon and produces some alterations typically observed in the metabolic syndrome, with an increase in oxidative stress. Of note It is worth mentioning that no apoptosis nor proliferation of islet cells could be demonstrated. In the present study, 36 male Wistar rats were divided into three groups to and given free access to freely drink regular cola (C), light cola (L), or water (W, control). We assessed the impact of the three different beverages in on glucose tolerance, lipid levels, creatinine levels and immunohistochemical changes addressed for the expression of insulin, glucagon, PDX-1 and NGN3 in islet cells, to evaluate the possible participation of PDX-1 in the changes observed in α and β cells after 6 months of treatment. Moreover, we assessed by stereological methods, the mean volume of islets (Vi) and three important variables: the fractional β -cell area, the cross-sectional area of alpha (A α-cell) and beta cells (A β-cell), and the number of β and α cell per body weight. Data were analyzed by two-way ANOVA followed by Bonferroni's multiple t-test or by Kruskal-Wallis test, then followed by Dunn's test (depending on distribution). Statistical significance was set at p<0.05. Cola drinking caused impaired glucose tolerance as well as fasting hyperglycemia (mean:148; CI:137-153; p<0.05 vs W) and an increase of in insulin immunolabeling (27.3±19.7; p<0.05 vs W and L). Immunohistochemical expression for PDX-1 was significantly high in C group compared to W (0.79±0.71; p<0.05). In this case, we observed cytoplasmatic and nuclear localization. Likewise, a mild but significant decrease of in Vi was detected after 6 months in C compared to W group (8.2±2.5; p<0.05). Also, we observed a significant decrease of in the fractional β cell area (78.2±30.9; p<0.05) compared to W. Accordingly, a reduced mean value of islet α and β cell number per body weight (0.05±0.02 and 0.08±0.04 respectively; both p<0.05) compared to W was detected. Interestingly, consumption of light cola increased the Vi (10.7±3.6; p<0.05) compared to W. In line with this, a decreased cross-sectional area of β-cells was observed after chronic consumption of both, regular (78.2±30.9; p<0.05) and light cola (110.5±24.3; p<0.05), compared to W. As for, NGN3, it was negative in all three groups. Our results support the idea that PDX-1 plays a key role in the dynamics of the pancreatic islets after chronic consumption of sweetened beverages. In this experimental model, the loss of islets cells might be attributed to autophagy, favored by the local metabolic conditions and oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Cao
- Centro de Altos Estudios en Ciencias Humanas y de La Salud (CAECIHS), Universidad Abierta Interamericana, Buenos Aires, Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Julián González
- Facultad de Medicina, CONICET, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto Alberto C. Taquini de Investigaciones en Medicina Traslacional (IATIMET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Juan P. Ortiz Fragola
- Facultad de Medicina, CONICET, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto Alberto C. Taquini de Investigaciones en Medicina Traslacional (IATIMET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Angélica Muller
- Facultad de Medicina, CONICET, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto Alberto C. Taquini de Investigaciones en Medicina Traslacional (IATIMET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Mariano Tumarkin
- Facultad de Medicina, CONICET, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto Alberto C. Taquini de Investigaciones en Medicina Traslacional (IATIMET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Marisa Moriondo
- Facultad de Medicina, CONICET, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto Alberto C. Taquini de Investigaciones en Medicina Traslacional (IATIMET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Francisco Azzato
- Facultad de Medicina, Sexta Cátedra de Medicina, Hospital de Clínicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Manuel Vazquez Blanco
- Facultad de Medicina, Sexta Cátedra de Medicina, Hospital de Clínicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - José Milei
- Facultad de Medicina, CONICET, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto Alberto C. Taquini de Investigaciones en Medicina Traslacional (IATIMET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Facultad de Medicina, Sexta Cátedra de Medicina, Hospital de Clínicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Guo J, Zhang Y, Li B, Wang C. In utero exposure to phenanthrene induced islet cell dysfunction in adult mice: Sex differences in the effects and potential causes. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 770:145295. [PMID: 33513515 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.145295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Revised: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Epidemiological studies show that the burden of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in human body is associated with the occurrence of insulin resistance and diabetes. In the present study, pregnant mice were exposed to phenanthrene (Phe) at doses of 0, 60 and 600 μg/kg body weight of by gavage once every 3 days. The female F1 mice at 120 days of age showed no change in their fasting glucose levels (FGLs) but exhibited significantly decreased homeostasis model assessment (HOMA) β-cell (49% and 43%) and significantly downregulated pancreatic proinsulin gene (ins2) transcription. The downregulation of transcription factors, such as PDX1, PAX4 and FGF21, indicated impaired development and function of β-cells. The significantly reduced α-cell mass in 60 and 600 μg/kg groups, and the significantly downregulated expression of proglucagon gene gcg and ARX in the 600 μg/kg group suggested that the development and function of α-cells had been impacted. The males exhibited significantly increased FGLs (1.14- and 1.15-fold) in Phe exposed treatments and significantly elevated HOMA β-cell (3.15-fold) in the 600 μg/kg group. Upregulated ins2 transcription and FGF21 protein in male mice prenatally exposed to 600 μg/kg Phe suggested that these animals appeared compensatory enhancement in β-cell function. The reduced serum estradiol levels and downregulated pancreatic estrogen receptor α and β were responsible for the dysfunction of β-cells in the females. In the males, the significantly elevated androgen levels in the 600 μg/kg group might be related to the upregulated ins2 transcription, and the increased expression of pancreatic FGF21 further demonstrated the enhancement of β-cell potential. The results will be helpful for assessing the risk of developing diabetes in adulthood after prenatal exposure to phenanthrene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaojiao Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, PR China
| | - Ying Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, PR China
| | - Bingshui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, PR China
| | - Chonggang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, PR China.
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Kaneto H, Obata A, Kimura T, Shimoda M, Kinoshita T, Matsuoka TA, Kaku K. Unexpected Pleiotropic Effects of SGLT2 Inhibitors: Pearls and Pitfalls of This Novel Antidiabetic Class. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22063062. [PMID: 33802741 PMCID: PMC8002535 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22063062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Revised: 03/13/2021] [Accepted: 03/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors facilitate urine glucose excretion by reducing glucose reabsorption, leading to ameliorate glycemic control. While the main characteristics of type 2 diabetes mellitus are insufficient insulin secretion and insulin resistance, SGLT2 inhibitors have some favorable effects on pancreatic β-cell function and insulin sensitivity. SGLT2 inhibitors ameliorate fatty liver and reduce visceral fat mass. Furthermore, it has been noted that SGLT2 inhibitors have cardio-protective and renal protective effects in addition to their glucose-lowering effect. In addition, several kinds of SGLT2 inhibitors are used in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus as an adjuvant therapy to insulin. Taken together, SGLT2 inhibitors have amazing multifaceted effects that are far beyond prediction like some emerging magical medicine. Thereby, SGLT2 inhibitors are very promising as relatively new anti-diabetic drugs and are being paid attention in various aspects. It is noted, however, that SGLT2 inhibitors have several side effects such as urinary tract infection or genital infection. In addition, we should bear in mind the possibility of diabetic ketoacidosis, especially when we use SGLT2 inhibitors in patients with poor insulin secretory capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideaki Kaneto
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kawasaki Medical School, 577 Matsushima, Kurashiki 701-0192, Japan; (A.O.); (T.K.); (M.S.); (T.K.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Atsushi Obata
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kawasaki Medical School, 577 Matsushima, Kurashiki 701-0192, Japan; (A.O.); (T.K.); (M.S.); (T.K.)
| | - Tomohiko Kimura
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kawasaki Medical School, 577 Matsushima, Kurashiki 701-0192, Japan; (A.O.); (T.K.); (M.S.); (T.K.)
| | - Masashi Shimoda
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kawasaki Medical School, 577 Matsushima, Kurashiki 701-0192, Japan; (A.O.); (T.K.); (M.S.); (T.K.)
| | - Tomoe Kinoshita
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kawasaki Medical School, 577 Matsushima, Kurashiki 701-0192, Japan; (A.O.); (T.K.); (M.S.); (T.K.)
| | - Taka-aki Matsuoka
- The First Department of Internal Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama 641-8510, Japan;
| | - Kohei Kaku
- Department of General Internal Medicine 1, Kawasaki Medical School, 577 Matsushima, Kurashiki 701-0192, Japan;
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Multifaceted Mechanisms of Action of Metformin Which Have Been Unraveled One after Another in the Long History. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22052596. [PMID: 33807522 PMCID: PMC7962041 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22052596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2021] [Revised: 02/20/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
While there are various kinds of drugs for type 2 diabetes mellitus at present, in this review article, we focus on metformin which is an insulin sensitizer and is often used as a first-choice drug worldwide. Metformin mainly activates adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) in the liver which leads to suppression of fatty acid synthesis and gluconeogenesis. Metformin activates AMPK in skeletal muscle as well, which increases translocation of glucose transporter 4 to the cell membrane and thereby increases glucose uptake. Further, metformin suppresses glucagon signaling in the liver by suppressing adenylate cyclase which leads to suppression of gluconeogenesis. In addition, metformin reduces autophagy failure observed in pancreatic β-cells under diabetic conditions. Furthermore, it is known that metformin alters the gut microbiome and facilitates the transport of glucose from the circulation into excrement. It is also known that metformin reduces food intake and lowers body weight by increasing circulating levels of the peptide hormone growth/differentiation factor 15 (GDF15). Furthermore, much attention has been drawn to the fact that the frequency of various cancers is lower in subjects taking metformin. Metformin suppresses the mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) by activating AMPK in pre-neoplastic cells, which leads to suppression of cell growth and an increase in apoptosis in pre-neoplastic cells. It has been shown recently that metformin consumption potentially influences the mortality in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and coronavirus infectious disease (COVID-19). Taken together, metformin is an old drug, but multifaceted mechanisms of action of metformin have been unraveled one after another in its long history.
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Piperine protects against pancreatic β-cell dysfunction by alleviating macrophage inflammation in obese mice. Life Sci 2021; 274:119312. [PMID: 33667521 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Revised: 02/20/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Piperine, the major pharmacological ingredient of pepper, can delay the procession of "obesity to diabetes". However, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. This study aims to investigate whether piperine protects against β-cell dysfunction by inhibiting macrophage accumulation and M1-like polarization. MATERIALS AND METHODS Pre-diabetic model was induced by feeding 60% high-fat diet (HFD) in C57BL/6C mice, piperine (15 or 30 mg/kg/day) and rosiglitazone (4 mg/kg/day) were given orally for 8 weeks. Oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), insulin tolerance test (ITT), fasting blood glucose (FBG), total cholesterol (TC) and triglyceride (TG) were used to assay the disorder of glycolipid metabolism. Serum levels of cytokines and insulin were measured by Elisa. Hyperglycemic clamp assay was carried out to evaluate β-cell function. RT-PCR, immunofluorescence and western blot were used to detect the expression of biomarkers associated with macrophage polarization and β-cell dedifferentiation. KEY FINDINGS Piperine protected against β-cell dysfunction, indicated by the improvement of hyperinsulinemia, OGTT and increased glucose infusion rate (GIR). Piperine dramatically reduced the serum levels of lipopolysaccharide (LPS), interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and Galectin-3 (Gal-3), suppressed the expression of M1-like cytokines (CD11c, IL-1β and Gal-3) in epididymal adipose tissues and islets. Furthermore, piperine partially reversed the down-regulation of Pdx1, inhibited the up-regulation of ALDH1A3 in β-cell, and these effects were closely related to the mTOR/S6/4E-BP1 signal pathway. SIGNIFICANCE Piperine markedly ameliorates the dedifferentiation and dysfunction of β-cell by inhibiting the accumulation and M1-like polarization of macrophages in visceral adipose tissues and islets.
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Notable Underlying Mechanism for Pancreatic β-Cell Dysfunction and Atherosclerosis: Pleiotropic Roles of Incretin and Insulin Signaling. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21249444. [PMID: 33322512 PMCID: PMC7763860 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21249444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Revised: 12/05/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Under healthy conditions, pancreatic β-cells produce and secrete the insulin hormone in response to blood glucose levels. Under diabetic conditions, however, β-cells are compelled to continuously secrete larger amounts of insulin to reduce blood glucose levels, and thereby, the β-cell function is debilitated in the long run. In the diabetic state, expression levels of insulin gene transcription factors and incretin receptors are downregulated, which we think is closely associated with β-cell failure. These data also suggest that it would be better to use incretin-based drugs at an early stage of diabetes when incretin receptor expression is preserved. Indeed, it was shown that incretin-based drugs exerted more protective effects on β-cells at an early stage. Furthermore, it was shown recently that endothelial cell dysfunction was also associated with pancreatic β-cell dysfunction. After ablation of insulin signaling in endothelial cells, the β-cell function and mass were substantially reduced, which was also accompanied by reduced expression of insulin gene transcription factors and incretin receptors in β-cells. On the other hand, it has been drawing much attention that incretin plays a protective role against the development of atherosclerosis. Many basic and clinical data have underscored the importance of incretin in arteries. Furthermore, it was shown recently that incretin receptor expression was downregulated in arteries under diabetic conditions, which likely diminishes the protective effects of incretin against atherosclerosis. Furthermore, a series of large-scale clinical trials (SPAED-A, SPIKE, LEADER, SUSTAIN-6, REWIND, PIONEER trials) have shown that various incretin-related drugs have beneficial effects against atherosclerosis and subsequent cardiovascular events. These data strengthen the hypothesis that incretin plays an important role in the arteries of humans, as well as rodents.
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Developmental Programming and Glucolipotoxicity: Insights on Beta Cell Inflammation and Diabetes. Metabolites 2020; 10:metabo10110444. [PMID: 33158303 PMCID: PMC7694373 DOI: 10.3390/metabo10110444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2020] [Revised: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Stimuli or insults during critical developmental transitions induce alterations in progeny anatomy, physiology, and metabolism that may be transient, sometimes reversible, but often durable, which defines programming. Glucolipotoxicity is the combined, synergistic, deleterious effect of simultaneously elevated glucose (chronic hyperglycemia) and saturated fatty acids (derived from high-fat diet overconsumption and subsequent metabolism) that are harmful to organs, micro-organs, and cells. Glucolipotoxicity induces beta cell death, dysfunction, and failure through endoplasmic reticulum and oxidative stress and inflammation. In beta cells, the misfolding of pro/insulin proteins beyond the cellular threshold triggers the unfolded protein response and endoplasmic reticulum stress. Consequentially there is incomplete and inadequate pro/insulin biosynthesis and impaired insulin secretion. Cellular stress triggers cellular inflammation, where immune cells migrate to, infiltrate, and amplify in beta cells, leading to beta cell inflammation. Endoplasmic reticulum stress reciprocally induces beta cell inflammation, whereas beta cell inflammation can self-activate and further exacerbate its inflammation. These metabolic sequelae reflect the vicious cycle of beta cell stress and inflammation in the pathophysiology of diabetes.
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24
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Roche O, Fernández-Aroca DM, Arconada-Luque E, García-Flores N, Mellor LF, Ruiz-Hidalgo MJ, Sánchez-Prieto R. p38β and Cancer: The Beginning of the Road. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21207524. [PMID: 33053909 PMCID: PMC7589630 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21207524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Revised: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway is implicated in cancer biology and has been widely studied over the past two decades as a potential therapeutic target. Most of the biological and pathological implications of p38MAPK signaling are often associated with p38α (MAPK14). Recently, several members of the p38 family, including p38γ and p38δ, have been shown to play a crucial role in several pathologies including cancer. However, the specific role of p38β (MAPK11) in cancer is still elusive, and further investigation is needed. Here, we summarize what is currently known about the role of p38β in different types of tumors and its putative implication in cancer therapy. All evidence suggests that p38β might be a key player in cancer development, and could be an important therapeutic target in several pathologies, including cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Roche
- Laboratorio de Oncología, Unidad de Medicina Molecular, Centro Regional de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Unidad Asociada de Biomedicina UCLM, Unidad Asociada al CSIC, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 02008 Albacete, Spain; (O.R.); (D.M.F.-A.); (E.A.-L.); (N.G.-F.); (L.F.M.); (M.J.R.-H.)
- Departamento de Ciencias Médicas, Facultad de Medicina de Albacete, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 02008 Albacete, Spain
| | - Diego M. Fernández-Aroca
- Laboratorio de Oncología, Unidad de Medicina Molecular, Centro Regional de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Unidad Asociada de Biomedicina UCLM, Unidad Asociada al CSIC, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 02008 Albacete, Spain; (O.R.); (D.M.F.-A.); (E.A.-L.); (N.G.-F.); (L.F.M.); (M.J.R.-H.)
| | - Elena Arconada-Luque
- Laboratorio de Oncología, Unidad de Medicina Molecular, Centro Regional de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Unidad Asociada de Biomedicina UCLM, Unidad Asociada al CSIC, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 02008 Albacete, Spain; (O.R.); (D.M.F.-A.); (E.A.-L.); (N.G.-F.); (L.F.M.); (M.J.R.-H.)
| | - Natalia García-Flores
- Laboratorio de Oncología, Unidad de Medicina Molecular, Centro Regional de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Unidad Asociada de Biomedicina UCLM, Unidad Asociada al CSIC, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 02008 Albacete, Spain; (O.R.); (D.M.F.-A.); (E.A.-L.); (N.G.-F.); (L.F.M.); (M.J.R.-H.)
| | - Liliana F. Mellor
- Laboratorio de Oncología, Unidad de Medicina Molecular, Centro Regional de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Unidad Asociada de Biomedicina UCLM, Unidad Asociada al CSIC, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 02008 Albacete, Spain; (O.R.); (D.M.F.-A.); (E.A.-L.); (N.G.-F.); (L.F.M.); (M.J.R.-H.)
| | - María José Ruiz-Hidalgo
- Laboratorio de Oncología, Unidad de Medicina Molecular, Centro Regional de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Unidad Asociada de Biomedicina UCLM, Unidad Asociada al CSIC, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 02008 Albacete, Spain; (O.R.); (D.M.F.-A.); (E.A.-L.); (N.G.-F.); (L.F.M.); (M.J.R.-H.)
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Orgánica y Bioquímica, Área de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Medicina de Albacete, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 02008 Albacete, Spain
| | - Ricardo Sánchez-Prieto
- Departamento de Ciencias Médicas, Facultad de Medicina de Albacete, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 02008 Albacete, Spain
- Departamento de Biología del Cáncer, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols (CSIC-UAM), Unidad Asociada de Biomedicina UCLM, Unidad Asociada al CSIC, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-915-854-420
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Nagy L, Béke F, Juhász L, Kovács T, Juhász-Tóth É, Docsa T, Tóth A, Gergely P, Somsák L, Bai P. Glycogen phosphorylase inhibitor, 2,3-bis[(2E)-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enamido] butanedioic acid (BF142), improves baseline insulin secretion of MIN6 insulinoma cells. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0236081. [PMID: 32960890 PMCID: PMC7508380 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0236081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2019] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), one of the most common metabolic diseases, is characterized by insulin resistance and inadequate insulin secretion of β cells. Glycogen phosphorylase (GP) is the key enzyme in glycogen breakdown, and contributes to hepatic glucose production during fasting or during insulin resistance. Pharmacological GP inhibitors are potential glucose lowering agents, which may be used in T2DM therapy. A natural product isolated from the cultured broth of the fungal strain No. 138354, called 2,3-bis(4-hydroxycinnamoyloxy)glutaric acid (FR258900), was discovered a decade ago. In vivo studies showed that FR258900 significantly reduced blood glucose levels in diabetic mice. We previously showed that GP inhibitors can potently enhance the function of β cells. The purpose of this study was to assess whether an analogue of FR258900 can influence β cell function. BF142 (Meso-Dimethyl 2,3-bis[(E)-3-(4-acetoxyphenyl)prop-2-enamido]butanedioate) treatment activated the glucose-stimulated insulin secretion pathway, as indicated by enhanced glycolysis, increased mitochondrial oxidation, significantly increased ATP production, and elevated calcium influx in MIN6 cells. Furthermore, BF142 induced mTORC1-specific phosphorylation of S6K, increased levels of PDX1 and insulin protein, and increased insulin secretion. Our data suggest that BF142 can influence β cell function and can support the insulin producing ability of β cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lilla Nagy
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Ferenc Béke
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - László Juhász
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Tünde Kovács
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Éva Juhász-Tóth
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Tibor Docsa
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Attila Tóth
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Pál Gergely
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - László Somsák
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Péter Bai
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
- MTA-DE Lendület Laboratory of Cellular Metabolism, Debrecen, Hungary
- Research Center for Molecular Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
- * E-mail:
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26
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Wu T, Zhang S, Xu J, Zhang Y, Sun T, Shao Y, Wang J, Tang W, Chen F, Han X. HRD1, an Important Player in Pancreatic β-Cell Failure and Therapeutic Target for Type 2 Diabetic Mice. Diabetes 2020; 69:940-953. [PMID: 32086291 DOI: 10.2337/db19-1060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2019] [Accepted: 02/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Inadequate insulin secretion in response to glucose is an important factor for β-cell failure in type 2 diabetes (T2D). Although HMG-CoA reductase degradation 1 (HRD1), a subunit of the endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation complex, plays a pivotal role in β-cell function, HRD1 elevation in a diabetic setting contributes to β-cell dysfunction. We report in this study the excessive HRD1 expression in islets from humans with T2D and T2D mice. Functional studies reveal that β-cell-specific HRD1 overexpression triggers impaired insulin secretion that will ultimately lead to severe hyperglycemia; by contrast, HRD1 knockdown improves glucose control and response in diabetic models. Proteomic analysis results reveal a large HRD1 interactome, which includes v-maf musculoaponeurotic fibrosarcoma oncogene homolog A (MafA), a master regulator of genes implicated in the maintenance of β-cell function. Furthermore, mechanistic assay results indicate that HRD1 is a novel E3 ubiquitin ligase that targets MafA for ubiquitination and degradation in diabetic β-cells, resulting in cytoplasmic accumulation of MafA and in the reduction of its biological function in the nucleus. Our results not only reveal the pathological importance of excessive HRD1 in β-cell dysfunction but also establish the therapeutic importance of targeting HRD1 in order to prevent MafA loss and suppress the development of T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tijun Wu
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shuang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jialiang Xu
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yaqin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Tong Sun
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yixue Shao
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jiahui Wang
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wei Tang
- Department of Endocrinology, Islet Cell Senescence and Function Research Laboratory, Jiangsu Province Geriatric Institute, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Fang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiao Han
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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27
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Fang L, Zhang S, Ou K, Zuo Z, Yu A, Wang C. Exposure to Aroclor 1254 differentially affects the survival of pancreatic β-cells and α-cells in the male mice and the potential reason. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2020; 188:109875. [PMID: 31706244 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.109875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2019] [Revised: 10/21/2019] [Accepted: 10/25/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Previous works showed that chronic exposure to Aroclor 1254 disrupted glucose homeostasis and induced insulin resistance in male mice. To further observe the different effects of Aroclor 1254 exposure on the pancreatic α-cells and β-cells, male mice were exposed to Aroclor 1254 (0, 0.5, 5, 50, 500 μg/kg) for 60 days, the pancreas was performed a histological examination. The results showed that the percentage of apoptosis cell (indicated by TUNEL assay) was increased in both α-cells and β-cells, as the Aroclor 1254 dose was increased; the proliferation (indicated by PCNA expression) rate of β-cells was elevated while that of α-cells was not affected, resulting in an increased β-cell mass and a decreased α-cell mass in a dose-depend manner. The number of Pdx-1 positive β-cells was significantly increased whereas that of Arx positive α-cells was markedly decreased, indicating an enhanced β-cell neogenesis and a weakened α-cell neogenesis. The drastically reduction of serum testosterone levels in all the treatments suggested an anti-androgenic potency of Aroclor 1254. The up-regulation of estrogen receptors (ERα and ERβ) and androgen receptor in β-cells might be responsible for the increased β-cell mass and neogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, PR China
| | - Shiqi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, PR China
| | - Kunlin Ou
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, PR China
| | - Zhenghong Zuo
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, PR China
| | - Ang Yu
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Subtropical Wetland Ecosystem Research, Xiamen University, Xiamen, PR China.
| | - Chonggang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, PR China.
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28
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Fujikawa R, Ito C, Kira S, Misumi M. Longitudinal examination of pancreatic β-cell function in Japanese individuals. J Diabetes Investig 2020; 11:70-74. [PMID: 31069995 PMCID: PMC6944831 DOI: 10.1111/jdi.13068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2018] [Revised: 04/24/2019] [Accepted: 05/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS/INTRODUCTION We carried out a retrospective, longitudinal analysis of β-cell function between a diabetes mellitus group, including those that progressed to diabetes mellitus during the follow-up period, and a diabetic type with glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) <6.5 group, including those that progressed to a diabetic type during the follow-up period. β-Cell function was assessed using homeostasis model of assessment of β-cell function. MATERIALS AND METHODS The relationship between the duration of diabetes mellitus or the diabetic type and pancreatic β-cell function was compared between the diabetes mellitus group (1,817) and diabetic type with HbA1c <6.5 group (1,843) using results from an oral glucose tolerance test. Linear mixed effects models were used to analyze repeated measurements of oral glucose tolerance tests. RESULTS The slope of the regression line of β-cell function for the duration of the diabetes mellitus group was -2.2%/year before the diagnosis. The slope differed after the diagnosis, and the difference was 1.3. The slope of the diabetic type group was -1.2%/year, and no significant difference was observed in the slope before and after the diagnosis. β-Cell function at the onset was 54.3% in the diabetic type group and 40.6% in the diabetes mellitus group, and the slope of the regression line was significantly higher in the diabetes mellitus group. We divided the diabetes mellitus and diabetic type with HbA1c <6.5 groups into obese and non-obese participants. β-Cell function declined more with obesity. CONCLUSIONS Subsequent declines in β-cell function were faster in the diabetes mellitus group than that in the diabetic type with HbA1c <6.5 group, and increased with obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Sakurako Kira
- Grand Tower Medical CourtHiroshimaJapan
- Health Management CenterHiroshima Atomic Bomb Causality CouncilHiroshimaJapan
| | - Munechika Misumi
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical SciencesHiroshima UniversityHiroshimaJapan
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29
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Li H, Park HM, Ji HS, Han J, Kim SK, Park HY, Jeong TS. Phenolic-enriched blueberry-leaf extract attenuates glucose homeostasis, pancreatic β-cell function, and insulin sensitivity in high-fat diet–induced diabetic mice. Nutr Res 2020; 73:83-96. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2019.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2019] [Revised: 09/11/2019] [Accepted: 09/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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30
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Hu L, He F, Luo Y, Luo H, Hai L, Li Y, Zhou Z, Liu F, Dai YS. Reduced Compensatory β-Cell Proliferation in Nfatc3-Deficient Mice Fed on High-Fat Diet. Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes 2019; 129:651-660. [PMID: 31546271 DOI: 10.1055/a-1008-9110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND High-fat-diet induces pancreatic β-cell compensatory proliferation, and impairments in pancreatic β-cell proliferation and function can lead to defects in insulin secretion and diabetes. NFATc3 is important for HFD-induced adipose tissue inflammation. But it is unknown whether NFATc3 is required for β cell compensatory growth in mice fed with HFD. METHODS NFATc3 mRNA and protein expression levels were quantified by RT-qPCR and Western blotting, respectively, in pancreatic islets of WT mice fed on HFD for 12-20 weeks. Adenoviral-mediated overexpression of NFATc3 were conducted in Min6 cells and cultured primary mouse islets. NFATc3-/- mice and WT control mice were fed with HFD and metabolic and functional parameters were measured. RESULTS We observed that the NFATc3 expression level was reduced in the islets of high-fat-diet (HFD)-fed mice. Adenovirus-mediated overexpression of NFATc3 enhanced glucose-stimulated insulin secretion and β-cell gene expression in cultured primary mouse islets. Nfatc3-/- mice initially developed similar glucose tolerance at 2-4 weeks after HFD feeding than HFD-fed WT mice, but Nfatc3-/- mice developed improved glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity after 8 weeks of HFD feeding compared to Nfatc3+/+fed with HFD. Furthermore, Nfatc3-/- mice on HFD exhibited decreased β-cell mass and reduced expression of genes important for β-cell proliferation and function compared to Nfatc3+/+mice on HFD. CONCLUSIONS The findings suggested that NFATc3 plays a role in maintaining the pancreatic β-cell compensatory growth and gene expression in response to obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Hu
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Disease, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Key Laboratory of Diabetes Immunology, Ministry of Education, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Fengli He
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Disease, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Key Laboratory of Diabetes Immunology, Ministry of Education, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yan Luo
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Disease, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Key Laboratory of Diabetes Immunology, Ministry of Education, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Hairong Luo
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Disease, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Key Laboratory of Diabetes Immunology, Ministry of Education, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Luo Hai
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Disease, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Key Laboratory of Diabetes Immunology, Ministry of Education, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yabin Li
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Disease, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Key Laboratory of Diabetes Immunology, Ministry of Education, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Zhiguang Zhou
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Disease, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Key Laboratory of Diabetes Immunology, Ministry of Education, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Feng Liu
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Disease, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Key Laboratory of Diabetes Immunology, Ministry of Education, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Department of Pharmacology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, United States of America
| | - Yan-Shan Dai
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Disease, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Key Laboratory of Diabetes Immunology, Ministry of Education, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Princeton, NJ 08540, United States
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31
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DiNicolantonio JJ, McCarty M. Autophagy-induced degradation of Notch1, achieved through intermittent fasting, may promote beta cell neogenesis: implications for reversal of type 2 diabetes. Open Heart 2019; 6:e001028. [PMID: 31218007 PMCID: PMC6546199 DOI: 10.1136/openhrt-2019-001028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/06/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
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32
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Takai M, Anno T, Kawasaki F, Kimura T, Hirukawa H, Mune T, Okimoto N, Kaku K, Kaneto H. Association of the Glycemic Fluctuation as well as Glycemic Control with the Pancreatic β-cell Function in Japanese Subjects with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Intern Med 2019; 58:167-173. [PMID: 30146574 PMCID: PMC6378157 DOI: 10.2169/internalmedicine.1053-18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective It is important to preserve the pancreatic β-cell function in order to maintain good glycemic control for a long period. The aim of this study was to examine which factors are associated with the β-cell function in subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Methods A total of 372 subjects with type 2 diabetes who had been hospitalized for the amelioration of their glycemic control and/or education about diabetes in Kawasaki Medical School Hospital were included in this study. We evaluated the remnant β-cell function as the HOMA-%β using the computer software program HOMA2 and estimated the glycemic fluctuation with the glycoalbumin (GA)/hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) ratio. In addition, we divided the subjects into a relatively young group (<65 years old) (n=210) and an elderly group (≥65 years old) (n=162) and performed several analyses in each group. Results The GA/HbA1c ratio, GA and HbA1c were independent determinant factors for the HOMA-%β regardless of age. We obtained almost the same results even after excluding those subjects using insulin secretagogues. These data suggest that the glycemic fluctuation and glycemic control are associated with the remnant β-cell function in Japanese subjects with type 2 diabetes. Conclusion It is very important to reduce glycemic fluctuation as well as to maintain good glycemic control in order to preserve β-cell function in subjects with type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maiko Takai
- Department of General Internal Medicine 1, Kawasaki Medical School, Japan
| | - Takatoshi Anno
- Department of General Internal Medicine 1, Kawasaki Medical School, Japan
| | - Fumiko Kawasaki
- Department of General Internal Medicine 1, Kawasaki Medical School, Japan
| | - Tomohiko Kimura
- Department of Diabete, Metabolism and Endocrinology, Kawasaki Medical School, Japan
| | - Hidenori Hirukawa
- Department of Diabete, Metabolism and Endocrinology, Kawasaki Medical School, Japan
| | - Tomoatsu Mune
- Department of Diabete, Metabolism and Endocrinology, Kawasaki Medical School, Japan
| | - Niro Okimoto
- Department of General Internal Medicine 1, Kawasaki Medical School, Japan
| | - Kohei Kaku
- Department of General Internal Medicine 1, Kawasaki Medical School, Japan
| | - Hideaki Kaneto
- Department of Diabete, Metabolism and Endocrinology, Kawasaki Medical School, Japan
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33
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Kimura T, Obata A, Shimoda M, Okauchi S, Kanda-Kimura Y, Nogami Y, Moriuchi S, Hirukawa H, Kohara K, Nakanishi S, Mune T, Kaku K, Kaneto H. Protective effects of the SGLT2 inhibitor luseogliflozin on pancreatic β-cells in db/db mice: The earlier and longer, the better. Diabetes Obes Metab 2018; 20:2442-2457. [PMID: 29873444 DOI: 10.1111/dom.13400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2018] [Revised: 05/14/2018] [Accepted: 05/25/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
AIMS We compared the protective effects of sodium glucose co-transporter (SGLT) 2 inhibitor luseogliflozin on pancreatic β-cells between early and advanced stages of diabetes and between short- and long-term use. MATERIALS AND METHODS Diabetic db/db mice were treated with luseogliflozin for 2 weeks in an early stage of diabetes (7-9 weeks of age) and an advanced stage of diabetes (16-18 weeks) for a longer period of time (7-18 weeks). We performed various morphological analyses of pancreatic islets and examined gene expression profiles in islets after such treatment. RESULTS In diabetic db/db mice, insulin biosynthesis and secretion were markedly increased by luseogliflozin in an early stage of diabetes but not in an advanced stage. In addition, β-cell mass was preserved by luseogliflozin only in an early stage. Furthermore, when db/db mice were treated with luseogliflozin for a longer period of time, starting from an early stage, β-cell function and mass were markedly preserved even after a longer period of time compared to untreated db/db mice. CONCLUSION Luseogliflozin exerts more protective effects in an early stage of diabetes compared to an advanced stage, and longer-term use of luseogliflozin exerts more beneficial effects on pancreatic β-cells compared to short-term use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomohiko Kimura
- Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kawasaki Medical School, Okayama, Japan
| | - Atsushi Obata
- Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kawasaki Medical School, Okayama, Japan
| | - Masashi Shimoda
- Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kawasaki Medical School, Okayama, Japan
| | - Seizo Okauchi
- Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kawasaki Medical School, Okayama, Japan
| | - Yukiko Kanda-Kimura
- Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kawasaki Medical School, Okayama, Japan
| | - Yuka Nogami
- Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kawasaki Medical School, Okayama, Japan
| | - Saeko Moriuchi
- Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kawasaki Medical School, Okayama, Japan
| | - Hidenori Hirukawa
- Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kawasaki Medical School, Okayama, Japan
| | - Kenji Kohara
- Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kawasaki Medical School, Okayama, Japan
| | - Shuhei Nakanishi
- Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kawasaki Medical School, Okayama, Japan
| | - Tomoatsu Mune
- Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kawasaki Medical School, Okayama, Japan
| | - Kohei Kaku
- Department of General Internal Medicine 1, Kawasaki Hospital, Kawasaki Medical School, Okayama, Japan
| | - Hideaki Kaneto
- Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kawasaki Medical School, Okayama, Japan
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Down-regulation of vascular GLP-1 receptor expression in human subjects with obesity. Sci Rep 2018; 8:10644. [PMID: 30006590 PMCID: PMC6045606 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-28849-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2017] [Accepted: 07/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
It has been thought that incretin signaling prevents arteriosclerosis, and very recently anti-arteriosclerotic effects through GLP-1 receptor were finally demonstrated in clinical human study. The purpose of this study was to investigate how vascular GLP-1 receptor expression is influenced in human subjects. First, we evaluated GLP-1 receptor expression in human arteries in immunostaining. Next, we separated the artery into the intima and media, and evaluated gene expression levels of various factors. We divided the subjects into obesity and non-obesity group and compared their expression levels between them. Finally, we evaluated which factors determine vascular GLP-1 receptor expression. GLP-1 receptor expression in intima and media was lower in obesity group compared to non-obesity group which was correlated with the alteration of TCF7L2 expression. Multiple regression analyses showed that BMI was an independent determining factor for GLP-1 receptor expression in the intima and media. Furthermore, using small interfering RNA method and TCF7L2-EGFP adenovirus, we showed that TCF7L2 was involved in GLP-1 receptor expression in human vascular cells. Taken together, vascular GLP-1 receptor and TCF7L2 expression was significantly down-regulated in human subjects with obesity. In addition, it is likely that TCF7L2 functions as a modulator of vascular GLP-1 receptor expression.
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Paschen M, Moede T, Valladolid-Acebes I, Leibiger B, Moruzzi N, Jacob S, García-Prieto CF, Brismar K, Leibiger IB, Berggren PO. Diet-induced β-cell insulin resistance results in reversible loss of functional β-cell mass. FASEB J 2018; 33:204-218. [PMID: 29957055 PMCID: PMC6355083 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201800826r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Although convincing in genetic models, the relevance of β-cell insulin resistance in diet-induced type 2 diabetes (T2DM) remains unclear. Exemplified by diabetes-prone, male, C57B1/6J mice being fed different combinations of Western-style diet, we show that β-cell insulin resistance occurs early during T2DM progression and is due to a combination of lipotoxicity and increased β-cell workload. Within 8 wk of being fed a high-fat, high-sucrose diet, mice became obese, developed impaired insulin and glucose tolerances, and displayed noncompensatory insulin release, due, at least in part, to reduced expression of syntaxin-1A. Through reporter islets transplanted to the anterior chamber of the eye, we demonstrated a concomitant loss of functional β-cell mass. When mice were changed from diabetogenic diet to normal chow diet, the diabetes phenotype was reversed, suggesting a remarkable plasticity of functional β-cell mass in the early phase of T2DM development. Our data reinforce the relevance of diet composition as an environmental factor determining different routes of diabetes progression in a given genetic background. Employing the in vivo reporter islet–monitoring approach will allow researchers to define key times in the dynamics of reversible loss of functional β-cell mass and, thus, to investigate the underlying, molecular mechanisms involved in the progression toward T2DM manifestation.—Paschen, M., Moede, T., Valladolid-Acebes, I., Leibiger, B., Moruzzi, N., Jacob, S., García-Prieto, C. F., Brismar, K., Leibiger, I. B., Berggren, P.-O. Diet-induced β-cell insulin resistance results in reversible loss of functional β-cell mass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meike Paschen
- The Rolf Luft Research Center for Diabetes and Endocrinology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Tilo Moede
- The Rolf Luft Research Center for Diabetes and Endocrinology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ismael Valladolid-Acebes
- The Rolf Luft Research Center for Diabetes and Endocrinology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Barbara Leibiger
- The Rolf Luft Research Center for Diabetes and Endocrinology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Noah Moruzzi
- The Rolf Luft Research Center for Diabetes and Endocrinology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Stefan Jacob
- The Rolf Luft Research Center for Diabetes and Endocrinology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Concha F García-Prieto
- The Rolf Luft Research Center for Diabetes and Endocrinology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Kerstin Brismar
- The Rolf Luft Research Center for Diabetes and Endocrinology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ingo B Leibiger
- The Rolf Luft Research Center for Diabetes and Endocrinology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Per-Olof Berggren
- The Rolf Luft Research Center for Diabetes and Endocrinology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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Ethanol extract of Atractylodis macrocephalae Rhizoma ameliorates insulin resistance and gut microbiota in type 2 diabetic db/db mice. J Funct Foods 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2017.10.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
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37
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Kimura T, Obata A, Shimoda M, Okauchi S, Hirukawa H, Kohara K, Kinoshita T, Nogami Y, Nakanishi S, Mune T, Kaku K, Kaneto H. Decreased glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor expression in endothelial and smooth muscle cells in diabetic db/db mice: TCF7L2 is a possible regulator of the vascular glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor. Diab Vasc Dis Res 2017; 14:540-548. [PMID: 28830217 DOI: 10.1177/1479164117725898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Incretin signalling is known to prevent the development of arteriosclerosis by relaxation response in endothelial cells via the glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor. It remains unclear, however, whether vascular glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor expression is altered under some conditions. The aim of this study is to examine whether vascular glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor expression is altered by diabetic state as reported in pancreatic β-cells. METHODS We used 18-week-old male diabetic db/db mice and control db/m mice. Excised thoracic artery was specifically collected, and vascular endothelial cells were cultured. We compared the glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor expression levels between the db/db and db/m mice. RESULTS Metabolic parameters were significantly worse in db/db mice. The glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor and transcription factor 7-like 2 expression levels in endothelial and smooth muscle cells were significantly lower in db/db mice. Furthermore, siRNA to transcription factor 7-like 2 decreased the transcription factor 7-like 2 levels and such reduction of the transcription factor 7-like 2 resulted in the downregulation of the glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor expressions in cultured vascular endothelial cells. CONCLUSION The glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor expression level was significantly lower under diabetic condition which was accompanied by the reduction of the transcription factor 7-like 2 expression level. Furthermore, the transcription factor 7-like 2 is a possible regulator of the glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor expression in artery as reported in β-cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomohiko Kimura
- 1 Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki, Japan
| | - Atsushi Obata
- 1 Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki, Japan
| | - Masashi Shimoda
- 1 Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki, Japan
| | - Seizo Okauchi
- 1 Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki, Japan
| | - Hidenori Hirukawa
- 1 Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki, Japan
| | - Kenji Kohara
- 1 Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki, Japan
| | - Tomoe Kinoshita
- 1 Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki, Japan
| | - Yuka Nogami
- 1 Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki, Japan
| | - Shuhei Nakanishi
- 1 Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki, Japan
| | - Tomoatsu Mune
- 1 Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki, Japan
| | - Kohei Kaku
- 2 Department of General Internal Medicine 1, Kawasaki Hospital, Kawasaki Medical School, Okayama, Japan
| | - Hideaki Kaneto
- 1 Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki, Japan
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Zhou Y, Chung ACK, Fan R, Lee HM, Xu G, Tomlinson B, Chan JCN, Kong APS. Sirt3 Deficiency Increased the Vulnerability of Pancreatic Beta Cells to Oxidative Stress-Induced Dysfunction. Antioxid Redox Signal 2017; 27:962-976. [PMID: 28375738 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2016.6859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Hyperlipidemia-induced oxidative stress is considered to be one of the main pathogenic factors that contribute to pancreatic beta cell dysfunction in the development of type 2 diabetes (T2D). Sirtuin 3 (Sirt3) is abundantly expressed in the mitochondria as an NAD+-dependent deacetylase and regulates mitochondrial adaptive responses to oxidative stress. We examined the antioxidant defense mechanism of Sirt3 in pancreatic beta cells in the context of hyperlipidemia. RESULTS Chronic high-fat diet (HFD) feeding caused elevated oxidative stress accompanied by reduced Sirt3 expression in the pancreatic beta cells of wild-type mice. Primary pancreatic islets of Sirt3 knockout (KO) mice and murine pancreatic MIN6 cells with downregulated Sirt3 expression showed increased superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2) acetylation and reduced glucose-stimulated insulin secretion and glucose-stimulated adenosine triphosphate (ATP) generation. Moreover, Sirt3 deficiency sensitized the pancreatic islets and MIN6 cells to palmitate- and H2O2-induced beta cell dysfunction linked with aggravated c-Jun N-terminal kinase phosphorylation and cleaved caspase-3 expression. These negative effects were reversed by antioxidant chemical treatment or restoration of Sirt3 in KO islets. Finally, overexpression of Sirt3 in MIN6 cells partially rescued palmitate-induced reactive oxygen species generation, pancreatic and duodenal homeobox-1 (Pdx-1) nucleo-cytoplasmic translocation, and beta cell dysfunction. INNOVATION We present that Sirt3 expression protected pancreatic beta cells from lipotoxicity by antagonizing oxidative stress-induced cell damage. CONCLUSION These results suggest that Sirt3 may be a target for amelioration of beta cell dysfunction due to obesity and T2D. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 27, 962-976.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhou
- 1 Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong , Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong, Hong Kong .,2 Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong , Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong, Hong Kong .,3 Hong Kong Institute of Diabetes and Obesity, The Chinese University of Hong Kong , Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Arthur C K Chung
- 1 Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong , Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong, Hong Kong .,3 Hong Kong Institute of Diabetes and Obesity, The Chinese University of Hong Kong , Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong, Hong Kong .,4 Partner State Key Laboratory of Environmental and Biological Analysis and Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong Baptist University , Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Rongrong Fan
- 5 Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institute , Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Heung Man Lee
- 1 Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong , Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong, Hong Kong .,2 Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong , Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong, Hong Kong .,3 Hong Kong Institute of Diabetes and Obesity, The Chinese University of Hong Kong , Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Gang Xu
- 1 Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong , Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong, Hong Kong .,3 Hong Kong Institute of Diabetes and Obesity, The Chinese University of Hong Kong , Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong, Hong Kong .,6 School of Chinese Medicine, The Hong Kong Baptist University , Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Brian Tomlinson
- 1 Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong , Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Juliana C N Chan
- 1 Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong , Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong, Hong Kong .,2 Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong , Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong, Hong Kong .,3 Hong Kong Institute of Diabetes and Obesity, The Chinese University of Hong Kong , Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Alice P S Kong
- 1 Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong , Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong, Hong Kong .,2 Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong , Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong, Hong Kong .,3 Hong Kong Institute of Diabetes and Obesity, The Chinese University of Hong Kong , Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
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Endocrine Disruptors Leading to Obesity and Related Diseases. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2017; 14:ijerph14101282. [PMID: 29064461 PMCID: PMC5664782 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph14101282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2017] [Revised: 10/17/2017] [Accepted: 10/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The review aims to comprehensively present the impact of exposure to endocrine disruptors (EDs) in relation to the clinical manifestation of obesity and related diseases, including diabetes mellitus, metabolic syndrome, cardiovascular diseases, carcinogenesis and infertility. EDs are strong participants in the obesity epidemic scenery by interfering with cellular morphological and biochemical processes; by inducing inflammatory responses; and by presenting transcriptional and oncogenic activity. Obesity and lipotoxicity enhancement occur through reprogramming and/or remodeling of germline epigenome by exposure to EDs. Specific population groups are vulnerable to ED exposure due to current dietary and environmental conditions. Obesity, morbidity and carcinogenicity induced by ED exposure are an evolving reality. Therefore, a new collective strategic approach is deemed essential, for the reappraisal of current global conditions pertaining to energy management.
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40
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Nagy L, Márton J, Vida A, Kis G, Bokor É, Kun S, Gönczi M, Docsa T, Tóth A, Antal M, Gergely P, Csóka B, Pacher P, Somsák L, Bai P. Glycogen phosphorylase inhibition improves beta cell function. Br J Pharmacol 2017; 175:301-319. [PMID: 28409826 DOI: 10.1111/bph.13819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2016] [Revised: 04/03/2017] [Accepted: 04/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Glycogen phosphorylase (GP) is the key enzyme for glycogen degradation. GP inhibitors (GPi-s) are glucose lowering agents that cause the accumulation of glucose in the liver as glycogen. Glycogen metabolism has implications in beta cell function. Glycogen degradation can maintain cellular glucose levels, which feeds into catabolism to maintain insulin secretion, and elevated glycogen degradation levels contribute to glucotoxicity. The purpose of this study was to assess whether influencing glycogen metabolism in beta cells by GPi-s affects the function of these cells. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH The effects of structurally different GPi-s were investigated on MIN6 insulinoma cells and in a mouse model of diabetes. KEY RESULTS GPi treatment increased glycogen content and, consequently, the surface area of glycogen in MIN6 cells. Furthermore, GPi treatment induced insulin receptor β (InsRβ), Akt and p70S6K phosphorylation, as well as pancreatic and duodenal homeobox 1(PDX1) and insulin expression. In line with these findings, GPi-s enhanced non-stimulated and glucose-stimulated insulin secretion in MIN6 cells. The InsRβ was shown to co-localize with glycogen particles as confirmed by in silico screening, where components of InsR signalling were identified as glycogen-bound proteins. GPi-s also activated the pathway of insulin secretion, indicated by enhanced glycolysis, mitochondrial oxidation and calcium signalling. Finally, GPi-s increased the size of islets of Langerhans and improved glucose-induced insulin release in mice. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS These data suggest that GPi-s also target beta cells and can be repurposed as agents to preserve beta cell function or even ameliorate beta cell dysfunction in different forms of diabetes. LINKED ARTICLES This article is part of a themed section on Inventing New Therapies Without Reinventing the Wheel: The Power of Drug Repurposing. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v175.2/issuetoc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lilla Nagy
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary.,MTA-DE Cell Biology and Signaling Research Group, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Judit Márton
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - András Vida
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary.,MTA-DE Lendület Laboratory of Cellular Metabolism, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Gréta Kis
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Éva Bokor
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Sándor Kun
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Mónika Gönczi
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Tibor Docsa
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Attila Tóth
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Miklós Antal
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary.,MTA-DE Neuroscience Research Group, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Pál Gergely
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Balázs Csóka
- Department of Surgery, Rutgers - New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA.,Center for Immunity and Inflammation, Rutgers - New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Pal Pacher
- NIAAA, National Institutes of Health, Laboratory of Physiologic Studies, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - László Somsák
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Péter Bai
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary.,MTA-DE Lendület Laboratory of Cellular Metabolism, Debrecen, Hungary.,Research Center for Molecular Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
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Park SY, Jin B, Shin JH, Adisakwattana S, Kwon O. Standardized Mori ramulus extract improves insulin secretion and insulin sensitivity in C57BLKS/J db/db mice and INS-1 cells. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 92:308-315. [PMID: 28551552 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.05.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2017] [Revised: 05/15/2017] [Accepted: 05/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Abnormalities in the hyperbolic relationship between insulin sensitivity and insulin secretion may cause oxidative stress and non-enzymatic glycation, resulting in an increased risk of type 2 diabetes. Here, we performed a 14-week study to investigate the effects of ethanolic extract of Mori ramulus (MRE; 0, 800, and 1600mg/kg body weight) and its signature component oxyresveratrol (OXY; 800mg/kg body weight) on β-cell dysfunction and insulin resistance in C57BLKS/J db/db mice fed with a high-fat diet. Compared with the diabetic control group, the high-dose MRE group showed a significant decrease in fasting blood glucose (p=0.0024); a significant increase in insulin secretion as measured by insulin (p=0.0012) and C-peptide (p=0.0103) levels in plasma and insulin content (p=0.0440) and homeobox factor-1 protein expression (p=0.0148) in the pancreas; and a significant increase in insulin sensitivity as measured by insulin receptor mRNA expression in the liver (p=0.0179) and adipose tissue (p=0.0491). In addition, improvements in the reactive oxygen species level and inflammatory pancreatic and hepatic tissue damage were also observed in the MRE group as assessed by histological findings. A similar but weaker effect was found in the OXY group. Furthermore, we observed a potentiating effect of MRE and OXY on insulin secretion in INS-1 cells in the presence of 27mM glucose, together with an anti-glycation effect as indicated by methylglyoxal-trapping capacity and inhibition of advanced glycation end-product formation. Taken together, these data suggest that MRE could ameliorate β-cell dysfunction and insulin resistance by reducing oxidative damage and advanced glycation end-product (Wagenknecht et al., 2003) formation and that these effects are due, at least in part, to OXY.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soo-Yeon Park
- Department of Nutritional Science and Food Management, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, 03760, Republic of Korea.
| | - Bora Jin
- Department of Nutritional Science and Food Management, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, 03760, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jae-Ho Shin
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, Eulji University, Seongnam, Gyeonggi, 13135, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sirichai Adisakwattana
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand.
| | - Oran Kwon
- Department of Nutritional Science and Food Management, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, 03760, Republic of Korea.
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Kaneto H, Obata A, Kimura T, Shimoda M, Okauchi S, Shimo N, Matsuoka TA, Kaku K. Beneficial effects of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors for preservation of pancreatic β-cell function and reduction of insulin resistance. J Diabetes 2017; 9:219-225. [PMID: 27754601 DOI: 10.1111/1753-0407.12494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2016] [Revised: 09/29/2016] [Accepted: 10/12/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus is characterized by insulin resistance in various insulin target tissues, such as the liver, adipose tissue, and skeletal muscle, and insufficient insulin secretion from pancreatic β-cells. Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors, which are newly developed antidiabetic agents, decrease blood glucose levels by enhancing urinary glucose excretion and thereby function in an insulin-independent manner. Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors exert beneficial effects to reduce insulin resistance and preserve pancreatic β-cell function. In addition, SGLT2 inhibitors exhibit a variety of beneficial effects in various insulin target tissues, such as amelioration of fatty liver, reduction of visceral fat mass, and increasing glucose uptake in skeletal muscle. Furthermore, SGLT2 inhibitors protect pancreatic β-cells against glucose toxicity and preserve insulin secretory capacity. Together, these observations indicate that SGLT2 inhibitors are promising newly developed antidiabetic agents that are gaining attention in both clinical medicine and basic research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideaki Kaneto
- Departments of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki, Japan
| | - Atsushi Obata
- Departments of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki, Japan
| | - Tomohiko Kimura
- Departments of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki, Japan
| | - Masashi Shimoda
- Departments of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki, Japan
| | - Seizo Okauchi
- Departments of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki, Japan
| | - Naoki Shimo
- Department of Metabolic Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Taka-Aki Matsuoka
- Department of Metabolic Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kohei Kaku
- General Internal Medicine 1, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki, Japan
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Corritore E, Lee YS, Pasquale V, Liberati D, Hsu MJ, Lombard CA, Van Der Smissen P, Vetere A, Bonner-Weir S, Piemonti L, Sokal E, Lysy PA. V-Maf Musculoaponeurotic Fibrosarcoma Oncogene Homolog A Synthetic Modified mRNA Drives Reprogramming of Human Pancreatic Duct-Derived Cells Into Insulin-Secreting Cells. Stem Cells Transl Med 2016; 5:1525-1537. [PMID: 27405779 DOI: 10.5966/sctm.2015-0318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2015] [Accepted: 05/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
: β-Cell replacement therapy represents the most promising approach to restore β-cell mass and glucose homeostasis in patients with type 1 diabetes. Safety and ethical issues associated with pluripotent stem cells stimulated the search for adult progenitor cells with endocrine differentiation capacities. We have already described a model for expansion and differentiation of human pancreatic duct-derived cells (HDDCs) into insulin-producing cells. Here we show an innovative and robust in vitro system for large-scale production of β-like cells from HDDCs using a nonintegrative RNA-based reprogramming technique. Synthetic modified RNAs for pancreatic transcription factors (pancreatic duodenal homeobox 1, neurogenin3, and V-Maf musculoaponeurotic fibrosarcoma oncogene homolog A [MAFA]) were manufactured and daily transfected in HDDCs without strongly affecting immune response and cell viability. MAFA overexpression was efficient and sufficient to induce β-cell differentiation of HDDCs, which acquired a broad repertoire of mature β-cell markers while downregulating characteristic epithelial-mesenchymal transition markers. Within 7 days, MAFA-reprogrammed HDDC populations contained 37% insulin-positive cells and a proportion of endocrine cells expressing somatostatin and pancreatic polypeptide. Ultrastructure analysis of differentiated HDDCs showed both immature and mature insulin granules with light-backscattering properties. Furthermore, in vitro HDDC-derived β cells (called β-HDDCs) secreted human insulin and C-peptide in response to glucose, KCl, 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine, and tolbutamide stimulation. Transplantation of β-HDDCs into diabetic SCID-beige mice confirmed their functional glucose-responsive insulin secretion and their capacity to mitigate hyperglycemia. Our data describe a new, reliable, and fast procedure in adult human pancreatic cells to generate clinically relevant amounts of new β cells with potential to reverse diabetes. SIGNIFICANCE β-Cell replacement therapy represents the most promising approach to restore glucose homeostasis in patients with type 1 diabetes. This study shows an innovative and robust in vitro system for large-scale production of β-like cells from human pancreatic duct-derived cells (HDDCs) using a nonintegrative RNA-based reprogramming technique. V-Maf musculoaponeurotic fibrosarcoma oncogene homolog A overexpression was efficient and sufficient to induce β-cell differentiation and insulin secretion from HDDCs in response to glucose stimulation, allowing the cells to mitigate hyperglycemia in diabetic SCID-beige mice. The data describe a new, reliable, and fast procedure in adult human pancreatic cells to generate clinically relevant amounts of new β cells with the potential to reverse diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Corritore
- Pediatric Research Laboratory, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Yong-Syu Lee
- Pediatric Research Laboratory, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Valentina Pasquale
- Diabetes Research Institute, Istituti di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Daniela Liberati
- Diabetes Research Institute, Istituti di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Mei-Ju Hsu
- Pediatric Research Laboratory, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Catherine Anne Lombard
- Pediatric Research Laboratory, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | | | - Amedeo Vetere
- Chemical Biology Program, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Susan Bonner-Weir
- Islet Cell and Regenerative Biology, Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Lorenzo Piemonti
- Diabetes Research Institute, Istituti di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Etienne Sokal
- Pediatric Research Laboratory, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Philippe A Lysy
- Pediatric Research Laboratory, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
- Pediatric Endocrinology Unit, Cliniques Universitaires Saint Luc, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
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Kaneto H, Matsuoka TA, Kimura T, Obata A, Shimoda M, Kamei S, Mune T, Kaku K. Appropriate therapy for type 2 diabetes mellitus in view of pancreatic β-cell glucose toxicity: "the earlier, the better". J Diabetes 2016. [PMID: 26223490 DOI: 10.1111/1753-0407.12331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic β-cells secrete insulin when blood glucose levels become high; however, when β-cells are chronically exposed to hyperglycemia, β-cell function gradually deteriorates, which is known as β-cell glucose toxicity. In the diabetic state, nuclear expression of the pancreatic transcription factors pancreatic and duodenal homeobox 1 (PDX-1) and v-Maf musculoaponeurotic fibrosarcoma oncogene family, protein A (MafA) is decreased. In addition, incretin receptor expression in β-cells is decreased, which is likely involved in the impairment of incretin effects in diabetes. Clinically, it is important to select appropriate therapy for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) so that β-cell function can be preserved. In addition, when appropriate pharmacological interventions against β-cell glucose toxicity are started at the early stages of diabetes, β-cell function is substantially restored, which is not observed if treatment is started at advanced stages. These observations indicate that it is likely that downregulation of pancreatic transcription factors and/or incretin receptors is involved in β-cell dysfunction observed in T2DM and it is very important to start appropriate pharmacological intervention against β-cell glucose toxicity in the early stages of diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideaki Kaneto
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki
| | - Taka-Aki Matsuoka
- Department of Metabolic Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tomohiko Kimura
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki
| | - Atsushi Obata
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki
| | - Masashi Shimoda
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki
| | - Shinji Kamei
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki
| | - Tomoatsu Mune
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki
| | - Kohei Kaku
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki
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Okauchi S, Shimoda M, Obata A, Kimura T, Hirukawa H, Kohara K, Mune T, Kaku K, Kaneto H. Protective effects of SGLT2 inhibitor luseogliflozin on pancreatic β-cells in obese type 2 diabetic db/db mice. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2016; 470:772-782. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2015.10.109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2015] [Accepted: 10/20/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Hasnain SZ, Prins JB, McGuckin MA. Oxidative and endoplasmic reticulum stress in β-cell dysfunction in diabetes. J Mol Endocrinol 2016; 56:R33-54. [PMID: 26576641 DOI: 10.1530/jme-15-0232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 179] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The inability of pancreatic β-cells to make sufficient insulin to control blood sugar is a central feature of the aetiology of most forms of diabetes. In this review we focus on the deleterious effects of oxidative stress and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress on β-cell insulin biosynthesis and secretion and on inflammatory signalling and apoptosis with a particular emphasis on type 2 diabetes (T2D). We argue that oxidative stress and ER stress are closely entwined phenomena fundamentally involved in β-cell dysfunction by direct effects on insulin biosynthesis and due to consequences of the ER stress-induced unfolded protein response. We summarise evidence that, although these phenomenon can be driven by intrinsic β-cell defects in rare forms of diabetes, in T2D β-cell stress is driven by a range of local environmental factors including increased drivers of insulin biosynthesis, glucolipotoxicity and inflammatory cytokines. We describe our recent findings that a range of inflammatory cytokines contribute to β-cell stress in diabetes and our discovery that interleukin 22 protects β-cells from oxidative stress regardless of the environmental triggers and can correct much of diabetes pathophysiology in animal models. Finally we summarise evidence that β-cell dysfunction is reversible in T2D and discuss therapeutic opportunities for relieving oxidative and ER stress and restoring glycaemic control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumaira Z Hasnain
- ImmunityInfection and Inflammation Program, Mater Research Institute, Translational Research Institute, University of Queensland, 37 Kent Street, Woolloongabba, Brisbane, Queensland 4102, AustraliaMetabolic Diseases ProgramMater Research Institute, The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, 37 Kent Street, Woolloongabba, Brisbane, Queensland 4102, Australia
| | - Johannes B Prins
- ImmunityInfection and Inflammation Program, Mater Research Institute, Translational Research Institute, University of Queensland, 37 Kent Street, Woolloongabba, Brisbane, Queensland 4102, AustraliaMetabolic Diseases ProgramMater Research Institute, The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, 37 Kent Street, Woolloongabba, Brisbane, Queensland 4102, Australia
| | - Michael A McGuckin
- ImmunityInfection and Inflammation Program, Mater Research Institute, Translational Research Institute, University of Queensland, 37 Kent Street, Woolloongabba, Brisbane, Queensland 4102, AustraliaMetabolic Diseases ProgramMater Research Institute, The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, 37 Kent Street, Woolloongabba, Brisbane, Queensland 4102, Australia
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Upregulated Pdx1 and MafA Contribute to β-Cell Function Improvement by Sleeve Gastrectomy. Obes Surg 2016; 26:904-9. [DOI: 10.1007/s11695-016-2068-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideaki Kaneto
- a Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism , Kawasaki Medical School , Kurashiki , Japan
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49
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Francini F, Massa ML, Polo MP, Villagarcía H, Castro MC, Gagliardino JJ. Control of liver glucokinase activity: A potential new target for incretin hormones? Peptides 2015; 74:57-63. [PMID: 26524624 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2015.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2015] [Revised: 10/13/2015] [Accepted: 10/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
We tested the exendin-4 and des-fluoro-sitagliptin effects on fructose-induced increase in liver glucokinase activity in rats with impaired glucose tolerance and the exendin-4 effect on glucokinase activity in HepG2 cells incubated with fructose in the presence/absence of exendin-9-39. After 3 weeks of in vivo fructose administration we measured: (1) serum glucose, insulin and triglyceride levels; (2) liver and HepG2 cells glucokinase activity and (3) liver glucokinase and 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2,6-biphosphatase mRNA and protein levels. Fructose fed rats had: hypertriglyceridemia, hyperinsulinemia and high liver glucokinase activity (mainly located in the cytosolic fraction) together with higher glucokinase and 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2,6-biphosphatase mRNA and protein concentrations compared to control rats. Co-administration of either exendin-4 or des-fluoro-sitagliptin prevented serum and liver changes except glucokinase protein expression. Exendin-4 also prevented fructose-induced increase in glucokinase activity in cultured HepG2 cells, effect blunted by co-incubation with exendin-9-36. In conclusion exendin-4/des-fluro-sitagliptin prevented fructose-induced effect on glucokinase activity, mainly affecting enzyme activity modulators. Exendin 9-39 blunted in vitro protective exendin-4 effect on glucokinase activity, thus suggesting a direct effect of the later on hepatocytes through GLP-1 receptor. Alterations of glucokinase activity modulators could play a role in the pathogenesis of liver dysfunction, becoming a potential new treatment target for GLP-1 receptor agonists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flavio Francini
- CENEXA (UNLP-CONICET CCT LA PLATA), PAHO/WHO Collaborating Centre for Diabetes, National University of La Plata School of Medicine, La Plata, Argentina.
| | - María Laura Massa
- CENEXA (UNLP-CONICET CCT LA PLATA), PAHO/WHO Collaborating Centre for Diabetes, National University of La Plata School of Medicine, La Plata, Argentina
| | | | - Hernán Villagarcía
- CENEXA (UNLP-CONICET CCT LA PLATA), PAHO/WHO Collaborating Centre for Diabetes, National University of La Plata School of Medicine, La Plata, Argentina
| | - María Cecilia Castro
- CENEXA (UNLP-CONICET CCT LA PLATA), PAHO/WHO Collaborating Centre for Diabetes, National University of La Plata School of Medicine, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Juan José Gagliardino
- CENEXA (UNLP-CONICET CCT LA PLATA), PAHO/WHO Collaborating Centre for Diabetes, National University of La Plata School of Medicine, La Plata, Argentina
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50
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Petri V, Hayman GT, Tutaj M, Smith JR, Laulederkind S, Wang SJ, Nigam R, De Pons J, Shimoyama M, Dwinell MR. Disease, Models, Variants and Altered Pathways-Journeying RGD Through the Magnifying Glass. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2015; 14:35-48. [PMID: 27602200 PMCID: PMC4700298 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2015.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2015] [Revised: 10/28/2015] [Accepted: 11/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding the pathogenesis of disease is instrumental in delineating its progression mechanisms and for envisioning ways to counteract it. In the process, animal models represent invaluable tools for identifying disease-related loci and their genetic components. Amongst them, the laboratory rat is used extensively in the study of many conditions and disorders. The Rat Genome Database (RGD—http://rgd.mcw.edu) has been established to house rat genetic, genomic and phenotypic data. Since its inception, it has continually expanded the depth and breadth of its content. Currently, in addition to rat genes, QTLs and strains, RGD houses mouse and human genes and QTLs and offers pertinent associated data, acquired through manual literature curation and imported via pipelines. A collection of controlled vocabularies and ontologies is employed for the standardized extraction and provision of biological data. The vocabularies/ontologies allow the capture of disease and phenotype associations of rat strains and QTLs, as well as disease and pathway associations of rat, human and mouse genes. A suite of tools enables the retrieval, manipulation, viewing and analysis of data. Genes associated with particular conditions or with altered networks underlying disease pathways can be retrieved. Genetic variants in humans or in sequenced rat strains can be searched and compared. Lists of rat strains and species-specific genes and QTLs can be generated for selected ontology terms and then analyzed, downloaded or sent to other tools. From many entry points, data can be accessed and results retrieved. To illustrate, diabetes is used as a case study to initiate and embark upon an exploratory journey.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria Petri
- Human and Molecular Genetics Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, USA
| | - G Thomas Hayman
- Human and Molecular Genetics Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, USA
| | - Marek Tutaj
- Human and Molecular Genetics Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, USA
| | - Jennifer R Smith
- Human and Molecular Genetics Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, USA
| | - Stan Laulederkind
- Human and Molecular Genetics Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, USA
| | - Shur-Jen Wang
- Human and Molecular Genetics Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, USA
| | - Rajni Nigam
- Human and Molecular Genetics Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, USA
| | - Jeff De Pons
- Human and Molecular Genetics Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, USA
| | - Mary Shimoyama
- Human and Molecular Genetics Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, USA
| | - Melinda R Dwinell
- Human and Molecular Genetics Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, USA
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