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Ru C, Hu X, Chen D, Wang W. Drought stimulus enhanced stress tolerance in winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) by improving physiological characteristics, growth, and water productivity. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 214:108906. [PMID: 38986237 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.108906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
The impact of drought events on the growth and yield of wheat plants has been extensively reported; however, limited information is available on the changes in physiological characteristics and their effects on the growth and water productivity of wheat after repeated drought stimuli. Moreover, whether appropriate drought stimulus can improve stress resistance in plants by improving physiological traits remains to be explored. Thus, in this study, a pot experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of intermittent and persistent mild [65%-75% soil water-holding capacity (SWHC)], moderate (55%-65% SWHC), and severe drought (45%-55% SWHC) stress on the growth, physiological characteristics, yield, and water-use efficiency (WUE) of winter wheat. After the second stress stimulus, persistent severe drought stress resulted in 30.98%, 234.62%, 53.80%, and 31.00% reduction in leaf relative water content, leaf water potential, photosynthetic rate (Pn), and indole-3-acetic acid content (IAA), respectively, compared to the control plants. However, abscisic acid content, antioxidant enzyme activities, and osmoregulatory substance contents increased significantly under drought stress, especially under persistent drought stress. After the second rehydration stimulus (ASRR), the actual and maximum efficiency of PSII and leaf water status in the plants exposed to intermittent moderate drought (IS2) stress were restored to the control levels, resulting in Pn being 102.56% of the control values; instantaneous WUE of the plants exposed to persistent severe drought stress was 1.79 times that of the control plants. In addition, the activities of superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, catalase, and glutathione reductase, as well as the content of proline, under persistent mild drought stress increased by 52.98%, 33.47%, 51.95%, 52.35%, and 17.07% at ASRR, respectively, compared to the control plants, which provided continuous antioxidant protection to wheat plants. This was also demonstrated by the lower H2O2 and MDA contents after rehydration. At ASRR, the IAA content in the IS2 and persistent moderate drought treatments increased by 36.23% and 19.61%, respectively, compared to the control plants, which favored increased aboveground dry mass and plant height. Compared to the control plants, IS2 significantly increased wheat yield, WUE for grain yield, and WUE for biomass, by 10.15%, 32.94%, and 33.16%, respectively. Collectively, IS2 increased grain growth, yield, and WUE, which could be mainly attributed to improved physiological characteristics after drought-stimulated rehydration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Ru
- School of Engineering, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Xiaotao Hu
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Soil and Water Engineering in Arid and Semiarid Areas, Ministry of Education, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China.
| | - Dianyu Chen
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Soil and Water Engineering in Arid and Semiarid Areas, Ministry of Education, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Wene Wang
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Soil and Water Engineering in Arid and Semiarid Areas, Ministry of Education, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
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2
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Wang R, Yan SJ, Liu C, Guo H, Cui YN. Comparative Physiological and Gene Expression Analyses Reveal Mechanisms Involved in Maintaining Photosynthesis Capacity, Alleviating Ion Toxicity and Oxidative Stress of Kentucky Bluegrass under NaCl Treatment. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:2107. [PMID: 39124225 PMCID: PMC11313982 DOI: 10.3390/plants13152107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2024] [Revised: 07/24/2024] [Accepted: 07/25/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024]
Abstract
Kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis L.), a widely used cool-season turfgrass, shows a high sensitivity to soil salinity. Clarifying the adaptative mechanisms of Kentucky bluegrass that serve to improve its salt tolerance in saline environments is urgent for the application of this turfgrass in salt-affected regions. In this study, physiological responses of the Kentucky bluegrass cultivars "Explorer" and "Blue Best" to NaCl treatment, as well as gene expressions related to photosynthesis, ion transport, and ROS degradation, were analyzed. The results showed that the growth of "Explorer" was obviously better compared to "Blue Best" under 400 mM NaCl treatment. "Explorer" exhibited a much stronger photosynthetic capacity than "Blue Best" under NaCl treatment, and the expression of key genes involved in chlorophyll biosynthesis, photosystem II, and the Calvin cycle in "Explorer" was greatly induced by salt treatment. Compared with "Blue Best", "Explorer" could effectively maintain Na+/K+ homeostasis in its leaves under NaCl treatment, which can be attributed to upregulated expression of genes, such as HKT1;5, HAK5, and SKOR. The relative membrane permeability and contents of O2- and H2O2 in "Explorer" were significantly lower than those in "Blue Best" under NaCl treatment, and, correspondingly, the activities of SOD and POD in the former were significantly higher than in the latter. Moreover, the expression of genes involved in the biosynthesis of enzymes in the ROS-scavenging system of "Explorer" was immediately upregulated after NaCl treatment. Additionally, free proline and betaine are important organic osmolytes for maintaining hydration status in Kentucky bluegrass under NaCl treatment, as the contents of these metabolites in "Explorer" were significantly higher than in "Blue Best". This work lays a theoretical basis for the improvement of salt tolerance in Kentucky bluegrass.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Huan Guo
- College of Grassland Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China; (R.W.); (S.-J.Y.); (C.L.)
| | - Yan-Nong Cui
- College of Grassland Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China; (R.W.); (S.-J.Y.); (C.L.)
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Rakhmankulova Z, Shuyskaya E, Prokofieva M, Toderich K, Saidova L, Lunkova N, Voronin P. Drought Has a Greater Negative Effect on the Growth of the C 3Chenopodium quinoa Crop Halophyte than Elevated CO 2 and/or High Temperature. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:1666. [PMID: 38931098 PMCID: PMC11207731 DOI: 10.3390/plants13121666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2024] [Revised: 06/08/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Plant growth and productivity are predicted to be affected by rising CO2 concentrations, drought and temperature stress. The C3 crop model in a changing climate is Chenopodium quinoa Willd-a protein-rich pseudohalphyte (Amaranthaceae). Morphophysiological, biochemical and molecular genetic studies were performed on quinoa grown at ambient (400 ppm, aCO2) and elevated (800 ppm, eCO2) CO2 concentrations, drought (D) and/or high temperature (eT) treatments. Among the single factors, drought caused the greatest stress response, inducing disturbances in the light and dark photosynthesis reactions (PSII, apparent photosynthesis) and increasing oxidative stress (MDA). Futhermore, compensation mechanisms played an important protective role against eT or eCO2. The disruption of the PSII function was accompanied by the activation of the expression of PGR5, a gene of PSI cyclic electron transport (CET). Wherein under these conditions, the constant Rubisco content was maintained due to an increase in its biosynthesis, which was confirmed by the activation of rbcL gene expression. In addition, the combined stress treatments D+eT and eCO2+D+eT caused the greatest negative effect, as measured by increased oxidative stress, decreased water use efficiency, and the functioning of protective mechanisms, such as photorespiration and the activity of antioxidant enzymes. Furthermore, decreased PSII efficiency and increased non-photochemical quenching (NPQ) were not accompanied by the activation of protective mechanisms involving PSI CET. In summary, results show that the greatest stress experienced by C. quinoa plants was caused by drought and the combined stresses D+eT and eCO2+D+eT. Thus, drought consistently played a decisive role, leading to increased oxidative stress and a decrease in defense mechanism effectiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zulfira Rakhmankulova
- K.A. Timiryazev Institute of Plant Physiology of Russian Academy of Science, 127276 Moscow, Russia; (Z.R.); (E.S.); (M.P.); (L.S.); (N.L.)
| | - Elena Shuyskaya
- K.A. Timiryazev Institute of Plant Physiology of Russian Academy of Science, 127276 Moscow, Russia; (Z.R.); (E.S.); (M.P.); (L.S.); (N.L.)
| | - Maria Prokofieva
- K.A. Timiryazev Institute of Plant Physiology of Russian Academy of Science, 127276 Moscow, Russia; (Z.R.); (E.S.); (M.P.); (L.S.); (N.L.)
| | - Kristina Toderich
- Graduate School of Bioresources, Mie University, 1577 Kurimamachiya, Tsu 514-8507, Japan
| | - Luizat Saidova
- K.A. Timiryazev Institute of Plant Physiology of Russian Academy of Science, 127276 Moscow, Russia; (Z.R.); (E.S.); (M.P.); (L.S.); (N.L.)
| | - Nina Lunkova
- K.A. Timiryazev Institute of Plant Physiology of Russian Academy of Science, 127276 Moscow, Russia; (Z.R.); (E.S.); (M.P.); (L.S.); (N.L.)
| | - Pavel Voronin
- K.A. Timiryazev Institute of Plant Physiology of Russian Academy of Science, 127276 Moscow, Russia; (Z.R.); (E.S.); (M.P.); (L.S.); (N.L.)
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Wang X, Chen Z, Sui N. Sensitivity and responses of chloroplasts to salt stress in plants. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 15:1374086. [PMID: 38693929 PMCID: PMC11061501 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1374086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
Chloroplast, the site for photosynthesis and various biochemical reactions, is subject to many environmental stresses including salt stress, which affects chloroplast structure, photosynthetic processes, osmotic balance, ROS homeostasis, and so on. The maintenance of normal chloroplast function is essential for the survival of plants. Plants have developed different mechanisms to cope with salt-induced toxicity on chloroplasts to ensure the normal function of chloroplasts. The salt tolerance mechanism is complex and varies with plant species, so many aspects of these mechanisms are not entirely clear yet. In this review, we explore the effect of salinity on chloroplast structure and function, and discuss the adaptive mechanisms by which chloroplasts respond to salt stress. Understanding the sensitivity and responses of chloroplasts to salt stress will help us understand the important role of chloroplasts in plant salt stress adaptation and lay the foundation for enhancing plant salt tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Na Sui
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Stress, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
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Zhang X, Chen J, Wang W, Zhu L. Photosynthetic mechanisms of carbon fixation reduction in rice by cadmium and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 344:123436. [PMID: 38281573 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.123436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 01/21/2024] [Accepted: 01/21/2024] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
Environmental pollutants interfere with plant photosynthesis, thus reduce the crop yield and carbon storage capacity of farmland. This study comparatively explored the effects and mechanisms of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs, e.g., phenanthrene, pyrene, and benzo[a]pyrene) and cadmium (Cd) on the carbon fixation capacity of rice throughout the growth period. Cd posed severer inhibition on the net carbon fixation of rice than PAHs, with the inhibition rates of 1.40-14.8-fold over PAHs at the concentrations of 0.5 or 5 mg/kg soil. Ribulose diphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (Rubisco) involved in the Calvin cycle was identified as the common target of these pollutants to inhibit the photosynthetic carbon fixation. Further investigation demonstrated that the different inhibitory effects of Cd and PAHs was resulted from their different interference on the dual catalysis function (carboxylation and oxygenation) of Rubisco. Cd disturbed the balance of the intercellular CO2/O2, thus promoting the oxygenation and inhibiting the carboxylation of the substrate of Rubisco. Under the stress of Cd, the downstream metabolites (e.g. glycolate, glyoxylate, and serine) of Rubisco oxygenation were upregulated by over 2.01-3.24-fold, whereas the carboxylation efficiency (Vcmax) was decreased by 5.58-29.3%. Comparatively, PAHs inhibited both the carboxylation and oxygenation by down-regulating the expression of Rubisco coding gene (OsRBCS2, Log2FC < -2). This study broadens the understanding of the mechanisms of different environmental pollutants on the carbon fixation, providing valuable information for the quantitative estimation of their impacts on the farmland carbon sink. The results would be constructive to develop strategies for eliminating the adverse effects of contaminants and assist the carbon-neutral programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinru Zhang
- College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Organic Pollution Process and Control, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China
| | - Jie Chen
- College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Organic Pollution Process and Control, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China
| | - Wei Wang
- College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Organic Pollution Process and Control, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China
| | - Lizhong Zhu
- College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Organic Pollution Process and Control, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China.
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6
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Rodrigues AP, Pais IP, Leitão AE, Dubberstein D, Lidon FC, Marques I, Semedo JN, Rakocevic M, Scotti-Campos P, Campostrini E, Rodrigues WP, Simões-Costa MC, Reboredo FH, Partelli FL, DaMatta FM, Ribeiro-Barros AI, Ramalho JC. Uncovering the wide protective responses in Coffea spp. leaves to single and superimposed exposure of warming and severe water deficit. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 14:1320552. [PMID: 38259931 PMCID: PMC10801242 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1320552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Climate changes boosted the frequency and severity of drought and heat events, with aggravated when these stresses occur simultaneously, turning crucial to unveil the plant response mechanisms to such harsh conditions. Therefore, plant responses/resilience to single and combined exposure to severe water deficit (SWD) and heat were assessed in two cultivars of the main coffee-producing species: Coffea arabica cv. Icatu and C. canephora cv. Conilon Clone 153 (CL153). Well-watered plants (WW) were exposed to SWD under an adequate temperature of 25/20°C (day/night), and thereafter submitted to a gradual increase up to 42/30°C, and a 14-d recovery period (Rec14). Greater protective response was found to single SWD than to single 37/28°C and/or 42/30°C (except for HSP70) in both cultivars, but CL153-SWD plants showed the larger variations of leaf thermal imaging crop water stress index (CWSI, 85% rise at 37/28°C) and stomatal conductance index (IG, 66% decline at 25/20°C). Both cultivars revealed great resilience to SWD and/or 37/28°C, but a tolerance limit was surpassed at 42/30°C. Under stress combination, Icatu usually displayed lower impacts on membrane permeability, and PSII function, likely associated with various responses, usually mostly driven by drought (but often kept or even strengthened under SWD and 42/30°C). These included the photoprotective zeaxanthin and lutein, antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, Cu,Zn-SOD; ascorbate peroxidase, APX), HSP70, arabinose and mannitol (involving de novo sugar synthesis), contributing to constrain lipoperoxidation. Also, only Icatu showed a strong reinforcement of glutathione reductase activity under stress combination. In general, the activities of antioxidative enzymes declined at 42/30°C (except Cu,Zn-SOD in Icatu and CAT in CL153), but HSP70 and raffinose were maintained higher in Icatu, whereas mannitol and arabinose markedly increased in CL153. Overall, a great leaf plasticity was found, especially in Icatu that revealed greater responsiveness of coordinated protection under all experimental conditions, justifying low PIChr and absence of lipoperoxidation increase at 42/30°C. Despite a clear recovery by Rec14, some aftereffects persisted especially in SWD plants (e.g., membranes), relevant in terms of repeated stress exposure and full plant recovery to stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana P. Rodrigues
- Laboratório de Interações Planta-Ambiente e Biodiversidade (PlantStress & Biodiversity), Centro de Estudos Florestais (CEF), Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, (ISA/ULisboa), Oeiras, Lisboa, Portugal
- Laboratório Associado TERRA, Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, (ISA/ULisboa), Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Isabel P. Pais
- Unidade de Investigação em Biotecnologia e Recursos Genéticos, Instituto Nacional de Investigação Agrária e Veterinária, I.P. (INIAV), Oeiras, Portugal
- Unidade de GeoBiociências, GeoEngenharias e GeoTecnologias (GeoBioTec), Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia (FCT), Universidade NOVA de Lisboa (UNL), Caparica, Portugal
| | - António E. Leitão
- Laboratório de Interações Planta-Ambiente e Biodiversidade (PlantStress & Biodiversity), Centro de Estudos Florestais (CEF), Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, (ISA/ULisboa), Oeiras, Lisboa, Portugal
- Laboratório Associado TERRA, Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, (ISA/ULisboa), Lisboa, Portugal
- Unidade de GeoBiociências, GeoEngenharias e GeoTecnologias (GeoBioTec), Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia (FCT), Universidade NOVA de Lisboa (UNL), Caparica, Portugal
| | - Danielly Dubberstein
- Laboratório de Interações Planta-Ambiente e Biodiversidade (PlantStress & Biodiversity), Centro de Estudos Florestais (CEF), Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, (ISA/ULisboa), Oeiras, Lisboa, Portugal
- Laboratório Associado TERRA, Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, (ISA/ULisboa), Lisboa, Portugal
- Centro Univ. Norte do Espírito Santo (CEUNES), Dept. Ciências Agrárias e Biológicas (DCAB), Univ. Federal Espírito Santo (UFES), São Mateus, ES, Brazil
- Assistência Técnica e Gerencial em Cafeicultura - Serviço Nacional de Aprendizagem Rural (SENAR), Porto Velho, RO, Brazil
| | - Fernando C. Lidon
- Unidade de GeoBiociências, GeoEngenharias e GeoTecnologias (GeoBioTec), Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia (FCT), Universidade NOVA de Lisboa (UNL), Caparica, Portugal
| | - Isabel Marques
- Laboratório de Interações Planta-Ambiente e Biodiversidade (PlantStress & Biodiversity), Centro de Estudos Florestais (CEF), Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, (ISA/ULisboa), Oeiras, Lisboa, Portugal
- Laboratório Associado TERRA, Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, (ISA/ULisboa), Lisboa, Portugal
| | - José N. Semedo
- Unidade de Investigação em Biotecnologia e Recursos Genéticos, Instituto Nacional de Investigação Agrária e Veterinária, I.P. (INIAV), Oeiras, Portugal
- Unidade de GeoBiociências, GeoEngenharias e GeoTecnologias (GeoBioTec), Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia (FCT), Universidade NOVA de Lisboa (UNL), Caparica, Portugal
| | - Miroslava Rakocevic
- Centro Univ. Norte do Espírito Santo (CEUNES), Dept. Ciências Agrárias e Biológicas (DCAB), Univ. Federal Espírito Santo (UFES), São Mateus, ES, Brazil
| | - Paula Scotti-Campos
- Unidade de Investigação em Biotecnologia e Recursos Genéticos, Instituto Nacional de Investigação Agrária e Veterinária, I.P. (INIAV), Oeiras, Portugal
- Unidade de GeoBiociências, GeoEngenharias e GeoTecnologias (GeoBioTec), Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia (FCT), Universidade NOVA de Lisboa (UNL), Caparica, Portugal
| | - Eliemar Campostrini
- Setor de Fisiologia Vegetal, Laboratório de Melhoramento Genético Vegetal, Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Agropecuárias, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Weverton P. Rodrigues
- Setor de Fisiologia Vegetal, Laboratório de Melhoramento Genético Vegetal, Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Agropecuárias, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Centro de Ciências Agrárias, Naturais e Letras, Universidade Estadual da Região Tocantina do Maranhão, Maranhão, Brazil
| | - Maria Cristina Simões-Costa
- Laboratório de Interações Planta-Ambiente e Biodiversidade (PlantStress & Biodiversity), Centro de Estudos Florestais (CEF), Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, (ISA/ULisboa), Oeiras, Lisboa, Portugal
- Laboratório Associado TERRA, Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, (ISA/ULisboa), Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Fernando H. Reboredo
- Unidade de GeoBiociências, GeoEngenharias e GeoTecnologias (GeoBioTec), Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia (FCT), Universidade NOVA de Lisboa (UNL), Caparica, Portugal
| | - Fábio L. Partelli
- Centro Univ. Norte do Espírito Santo (CEUNES), Dept. Ciências Agrárias e Biológicas (DCAB), Univ. Federal Espírito Santo (UFES), São Mateus, ES, Brazil
| | - Fábio M. DaMatta
- Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Universidade Federal Viçosa (UFV), Viçosa, MG, Brazil
| | - Ana I. Ribeiro-Barros
- Laboratório de Interações Planta-Ambiente e Biodiversidade (PlantStress & Biodiversity), Centro de Estudos Florestais (CEF), Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, (ISA/ULisboa), Oeiras, Lisboa, Portugal
- Laboratório Associado TERRA, Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, (ISA/ULisboa), Lisboa, Portugal
- Unidade de GeoBiociências, GeoEngenharias e GeoTecnologias (GeoBioTec), Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia (FCT), Universidade NOVA de Lisboa (UNL), Caparica, Portugal
| | - José C. Ramalho
- Laboratório de Interações Planta-Ambiente e Biodiversidade (PlantStress & Biodiversity), Centro de Estudos Florestais (CEF), Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, (ISA/ULisboa), Oeiras, Lisboa, Portugal
- Laboratório Associado TERRA, Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, (ISA/ULisboa), Lisboa, Portugal
- Unidade de GeoBiociências, GeoEngenharias e GeoTecnologias (GeoBioTec), Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia (FCT), Universidade NOVA de Lisboa (UNL), Caparica, Portugal
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Guo M, Li Z, Wang L, Xu T, Huang H, Kanwar MK, Yang P, Zhou J. BAG8 positively regulates cold stress tolerance by modulating photosystem, antioxidant system and protein protection in Solanum lycopersicum. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 206:108267. [PMID: 38091937 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2023.108267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Abstract
The B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2)-associated athanogene (BAG) family is a relatively conserved and multifunctional co-chaperones in animals and plants, which can flexibly interact with a variety of proteins and regulate various processes from growth and development to stress response. However, compared with animals, the function of BAG family in plant remains largely unknown, especially in response to cold stress. In this study, we have found that the expression of BAG8 was significantly induced in tomato under cold stress. Results showed that bag8 mutants exhibit significantly reduced tolerance towards cold stress, while BAG8 overexpressing lines were relatively resistant as reflected by the phenotype and membrane peroxidation. Measuring of gas exchange parameters, photosystem I (PSI) and photosystem II (PSII) of tomato leaves under cold stress further revealed that BAG8 mitigated cold-induced damage in photosynthetic system. Additionally, bag8 mutants exhibited more cold-induced reactive oxygen species, which were substantially normalized in BAG8 overexpressing plants. Nevertheless, the activities of antioxidant enzymes which were compromised in bag8 mutants were improved in BAG8 overexpressing plants facing cold stress. Additionally, BAG8 interacted with heat shock protein Hsp70 and protein phosphatase PP2A both in vitro and in vivo. Our results demonstrate that BAG8 plays a positive role in cold tolerance in tomato probably by the improvement of photosystems and antioxidant systems, and by interacting with Hsp70 involved in photosynthesis and PP2A involved in stomatal development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyue Guo
- Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Integrative Biology, Zhejiang University, Yuhangtang Road 866, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Zhichao Li
- Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Integrative Biology, Zhejiang University, Yuhangtang Road 866, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Leilei Wang
- Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Integrative Biology, Zhejiang University, Yuhangtang Road 866, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Tong Xu
- Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Integrative Biology, Zhejiang University, Yuhangtang Road 866, Hangzhou, 310058, China; Hainan Institute, Zhejiang University, Sanya, China
| | - Huamin Huang
- Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Integrative Biology, Zhejiang University, Yuhangtang Road 866, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Mukesh Kumar Kanwar
- Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Integrative Biology, Zhejiang University, Yuhangtang Road 866, Hangzhou, 310058, China; Department of Environmental Sciences, Dr Harisingh Gour Vishwavidyalaya, Sagar, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Ping Yang
- Agricultural Experiment Station, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Jie Zhou
- Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Integrative Biology, Zhejiang University, Yuhangtang Road 866, Hangzhou, 310058, China; Hainan Institute, Zhejiang University, Sanya, China; Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plants Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China, Yuhangtang Road 866, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
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Wang Y, Yang Y, Zhao D, Li Z, Sui X, Zhang H, Liu J, Li Y, Zhang CS, Zheng Y. Ensifer sp. GMS14 enhances soybean salt tolerance for potential application in saline soil reclamation. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 349:119488. [PMID: 37939476 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.119488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
Rhizosphere microbiomes play an important role in enhancing plant salt tolerance and are also commonly employed as bio-inoculants in soil remediation processes. Cultivated soybean (Glycine max) is one of the major oilseed crops with moderate salt tolerance. However, the response of rhizosphere microbes me to salt stress in soybean, as well as their potential application in saline soil reclamation, has been rarely reported. In this study, we first investigated the microbial communities of salt-treated and non-salt-treated soybean by 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing. Then, the potential mechanism of rhizosphere microbes in enhancing the salt tolerance of soybean was explored based on physiological analyses and transcriptomic sequencing. Our results suggested that Ensifer and Novosphingobium were biomarkers in salt-stressed soybean. One corresponding strain, Ensifer sp. GMS14, showed remarkable growth promoting characteristics. Pot experiments showed that GMS14 significantly improved the growth performance of soybean in saline soils. Strain GMS14 alleviated sodium ions (Na+) toxicity by maintaining low a Na+/K+ ratio and promoted nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) uptake by soybean in nutrient-deficient saline soils. Transcriptome analyses indicated that GMS14 improved plant salt tolerance mainly by ameliorating salt stress-mediated oxidative stress. Interestingly, GMS14 was evidenced to specifically suppress hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) production to maintain reactive oxygen species (ROS) homeostasis in plants under salt stress. Field experiments with GMS14 applications showed its great potential in saline soil reclamation, as evidenced by the increased biomass and nodulation capacity of GMS14-inoculated soybean. Overall, our findings provided valuable insights into the mechanisms underlying plant-microbes interactions, and highlighted the importance of microorganisms recruited by salt-stressed plant in the saline soil reclamation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youqiang Wang
- Marine Agriculture Research Center, Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, China; National Center of Technology Innovation for Comprehensive Utilization of Saline-Alkali Land, Dongying, 257300, China
| | - Yanzhe Yang
- Marine Agriculture Research Center, Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, China
| | - Donglin Zhao
- Marine Agriculture Research Center, Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, China; National Center of Technology Innovation for Comprehensive Utilization of Saline-Alkali Land, Dongying, 257300, China
| | - Zhe Li
- Marine Agriculture Research Center, Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, China
| | - Xiaona Sui
- Marine Agriculture Research Center, Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, China
| | - Han Zhang
- Marine Agriculture Research Center, Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, China
| | - Jin Liu
- Shandong Baiwo Bio-technology Co., Ltd., Linyi, 273423, China
| | - Yiqiang Li
- Marine Agriculture Research Center, Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, China; National Center of Technology Innovation for Comprehensive Utilization of Saline-Alkali Land, Dongying, 257300, China
| | - Cheng-Sheng Zhang
- Marine Agriculture Research Center, Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, China; National Center of Technology Innovation for Comprehensive Utilization of Saline-Alkali Land, Dongying, 257300, China.
| | - Yanfen Zheng
- Marine Agriculture Research Center, Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, China; National Center of Technology Innovation for Comprehensive Utilization of Saline-Alkali Land, Dongying, 257300, China.
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9
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Zang Y, Pei Y, Cong X, Ran F, Liu L, Wang C, Wang D, Min Y. Single-cell RNA-sequencing profiles reveal the developmental landscape of the Manihot esculenta Crantz leaves. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 194:456-474. [PMID: 37706525 PMCID: PMC10756766 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiad500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) is an important crop with a high photosynthetic rate and high yield. It is classified as a C3-C4 plant based on its photosynthetic and structural characteristics. To investigate the structural and photosynthetic characteristics of cassava leaves at the cellular level, we created a single-cell transcriptome atlas of cassava leaves. A total of 11,177 high-quality leaf cells were divided into 15 cell clusters. Based on leaf cell marker genes, we identified 3 major tissues of cassava leaves, which were mesophyll, epidermis, and vascular tissue, and analyzed their distinctive properties and metabolic activity. To supplement the genes for identifying the types of leaf cells, we screened 120 candidate marker genes. We constructed a leaf cell development trajectory map and discovered 6 genes related to cell differentiation fate. The structural and photosynthetic properties of cassava leaves analyzed at the single cellular level provide a theoretical foundation for further enhancing cassava yield and nutrition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuwei Zang
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan 570228, China
| | - Yechun Pei
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan 570228, China
- Laboratory of Biopharmaceuticals and Molecular Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan 570228, China
| | - Xinli Cong
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan 570228, China
- Laboratory of Biopharmaceuticals and Molecular Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan 570228, China
| | - Fangfang Ran
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan 570228, China
| | - Liangwang Liu
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan 570228, China
| | - Changyi Wang
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan 570228, China
| | - Dayong Wang
- Laboratory of Biopharmaceuticals and Molecular Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan 570228, China
| | - Yi Min
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan 570228, China
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10
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Guo H, Nie CY, Li Z, Kang J, Wang XL, Cui YN. Physiological and Transcriptional Analyses Provide Insight into Maintaining Ion Homeostasis of Sweet Sorghum under Salt Stress. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11045. [PMID: 37446223 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241311045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/02/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Sweet sorghum is an important bioenergy grass and valuable forage with a strong adaptability to saline environments. However, little is known about the mechanisms of sweet sorghum coping with ion toxicity under salt stresses. Here, we first evaluated the salt tolerance of a sweet sorghum cultivar "Lvjuren" and determined its ion accumulation traits under NaCl treatments; then, we explored key genes involved in Na+, Cl-, K+ and NO3- transport using transcriptome profiling and the qRT-PCR method. The results showed that growth and photosynthesis of sweet sorghum were unaffected by 50 and 100 mM NaCl treatments, indicative of a strong salt tolerance of this species. Under NaCl treatments, sweet sorghum could efficiently exclude Na+ from shoots and accumulate Cl- in leaf sheaths to avoid their overaccumulation in leaf blades; meanwhile, it possessed a prominent ability to sustain NO3- homeostasis in leaf blades. Transcriptome profiling identified several differentially expressed genes associated with Na+, Cl-, K+ and NO3- transport in roots, leaf sheaths and leaf blades after 200 mM NaCl treatment for 6 and 48 h. Moreover, transcriptome data and qRT-PCR results indicated that HKT1;5, CLCc and NPF7.3-1 should be key genes involved in Na+ retention in roots, Cl- accumulation in leaf sheaths and maintenance of NO3- homeostasis in leaf blades, respectively. Many TFs were also identified after NaCl treatment, which should play important regulatory roles in salt tolerance of sweet sorghum. In addition, GO analysis identified candidate genes involved in maintaining membrane stability and photosynthetic capacity under salt stresses. This work lays a preliminary foundation for clarifying the molecular basis underlying the adaptation of sweet sorghum to adverse environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Guo
- College of Grassland Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Chun-Ya Nie
- College of Grassland Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Zhen Li
- College of Grassland Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Jie Kang
- College of Grassland Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Xiao-Long Wang
- College of Grassland Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Yan-Nong Cui
- College of Grassland Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
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11
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Guo H, Cui Y, Li Z, Nie C, Xu Y, Hu T. Photosynthesis, Water Status and K +/Na + Homeostasis of Buchoe dactyloides Responding to Salinity. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:2459. [PMID: 37447020 DOI: 10.3390/plants12132459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2023] [Revised: 06/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
Soil salinization is one of the most serious abiotic stresses restricting plant growth. Buffalograss is a C4 perennial turfgrass and forage with an excellent resistance to harsh environments. To clarify the adaptative mechanisms of buffalograss in response to salinity, we investigated the effects of NaCl treatments on photosynthesis, water status and K+/Na+ homeostasis of this species, then analyzed the expression of key genes involved in these processes using the qRT-PCR method. The results showed that NaCl treatments up to 200 mM had no obvious effects on plant growth, photosynthesis and leaf hydrate status, and even substantially stimulated root activity. Furthermore, buffalograss could retain a large amount of Na+ in roots to restrict Na+ overaccumulation in shoots, and increase leaf K+ concentration to maintain a high K+/Na+ ratio under NaCl stresses. After 50 and 200 mM NaCl treatments, the expressions of several genes related to chlorophyll synthesis, photosynthetic electron transport and CO2 assimilation, as well as aquaporin genes (BdPIPs and BdTIPs) were upregulated. Notably, under NaCl treatments, the increased expression of BdSOS1, BdHKT1 and BdNHX1 in roots might have helped Na+ exclusion by root tips, retrieval from xylem sap and accumulation in root cells, respectively; the upregulation of BdHAK5 and BdSKOR in roots likely enhanced K+ uptake and long-distance transport from roots to shoots, respectively. This work finds that buffalograss possesses a strong ability to sustain high photosynthetic capacity, water balance and leaf K+/Na+ homeostasis under salt stress, and lays a foundation for elucidating the molecular mechanism underlying the salt tolerance of buffalograss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Guo
- College of Grassland Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China
| | - Yannong Cui
- College of Grassland Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China
| | - Zhen Li
- College of Grassland Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China
| | - Chunya Nie
- College of Grassland Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China
| | - Yuefei Xu
- College of Grassland Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China
| | - Tianming Hu
- College of Grassland Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China
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12
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Islam F, Khan MSS, Ahmed S, Abdullah M, Hannan F, Chen J. OsLPXC negatively regulates tolerance to cold stress via modulating oxidative stress, antioxidant defense and JA accumulation in rice. Free Radic Biol Med 2023; 199:2-16. [PMID: 36775108 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2023.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 01/28/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
Abstract
Exposure of crops to low temperature (LT) during emerging and reproductive stages influences their growth and development. In this study, we have isolated a cold induced, nucleus-localized lipid A gene from rice named OsLPXC, which encodes a protein of 321 amino acids. Knockout of OsLPXC resulted in enhance sensitivity to LT stress in rice, with increased accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), malondialdehyde and electrolyte leakage, while expression and activities of antioxidant enzymes were significantly suppressed. The accumulation of chlorophyll content and net photosynthetic rate of knockout plants were also decreased compared with WT under LT stress. The functional analysis of differentially expressed genes (DEGs), showed that numerous genes associated with antioxidant defense, photosynthesis, cold signaling were solely expressed and downregulated in oslpxc plants compared with WT under LT. The accumulation of methyl jasmonate (MeJA) in leave and several DEGs related to the jasmonate biosynthesis pathway were significantly downregulated in OsLPXC knockout plants, which showed differential levels of MeJA regulation in WT and knockout plants in response to cold stress. These results indicated that OsLPXC positively regulates cold tolerance in rice via stabilizing the expression and activities of ROS scavenging enzymes, photosynthetic apparatus, cold signaling genes, and jasmonate biosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faisal Islam
- International Genome Center, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China
| | | | - Sulaiman Ahmed
- International Genome Center, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China
| | - Muhammad Abdullah
- International Genome Center, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China
| | - Fakhir Hannan
- Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Jian Chen
- International Genome Center, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China.
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13
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Ru C, Hu X, Chen D, Wang W, Zhen J, Song T. Individual and combined effects of heat and drought and subsequent recovery on winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) photosynthesis, nitrogen metabolism, cell osmoregulation, and yield formation. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2023; 196:222-235. [PMID: 36724706 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2023.01.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Extreme temperatures and droughts are considered as the two main factors that limit wheat growth and production. Although responses of wheat plants to heat and drought stress have been extensively investigated, little is known about the extent to which wheat plants can recover after stress relief. In this study, a winter wheat pot experiment was conducted to evaluate the growth, physiological activities, and yield formation responses of wheat to stress and recovery periods under heat stress (36 °C, daily maximum temperature), drought (45-55% of soil water holding capacity), and combined stress conditions. Heat and drought stress significantly reduced photosynthesis, leaf relative water content (LRWC), leaf water potential (LWPnoon), and nitrogen metabolism enzyme activities and increased electrolyte leakage. These parameters showed significant interactions between heat and drought stress. Beneficial osmoregulation of membrane stability was observed in stressed plants because of the accumulation of proline and soluble sugars. Within a range of stresses, the abovementioned physiological processes of individual heat- and drought-stressed plants recovered to levels comparable to those of the control. The recovery capacities of the physiological traits decreased gradually with increasing stress duration, particularly under combined stress. The recovery of LWPnoon and LRWC contributed to the improved photosynthetic performance after stress relief. The combined stress caused greater yield losses than individual heat and drought stress, which was mainly attributed to low levels of thousand grain weight (TGW), the number of grains per ear, and the grain filling rate. After stress relief, the recovery of proline content, glutamine synthetase activity, photosynthetic rate, and LRWC were closely associated with grain yield and thousand grain weight. Collectively, these findings contribute to a better understanding of the coordinated responses of winter wheat during the combined heat and drought stress and recovery periods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Ru
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Soil and Water Engineering in Arid and Semiarid Areas, Ministry of Education, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China.
| | - Xiaotao Hu
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Soil and Water Engineering in Arid and Semiarid Areas, Ministry of Education, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China.
| | - Dianyu Chen
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Soil and Water Engineering in Arid and Semiarid Areas, Ministry of Education, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China.
| | - Wene Wang
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Soil and Water Engineering in Arid and Semiarid Areas, Ministry of Education, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China.
| | - Jingbo Zhen
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Soil and Water Engineering in Arid and Semiarid Areas, Ministry of Education, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China.
| | - Tianyuan Song
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Soil and Water Engineering in Arid and Semiarid Areas, Ministry of Education, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China.
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14
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Li L, Peng S, Wang Z, Zhang T, Li H, Xiao Y, Li J, Liu Y, Yin H. Genome mining reveals abiotic stress resistance genes in plant genomes acquired from microbes via HGT. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1025122. [PMID: 36407614 PMCID: PMC9667741 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1025122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Colonization by beneficial microbes can enhance plant tolerance to abiotic stresses. However, there are still many unknown fields regarding the beneficial plant-microbe interactions. In this study, we have assessed the amount or impact of horizontal gene transfer (HGT)-derived genes in plants that have potentials to confer abiotic stress resistance. We have identified a total of 235 gene entries in fourteen high-quality plant genomes belonging to phyla Chlorophyta and Streptophyta that confer resistance against a wide range of abiotic pressures acquired from microbes through independent HGTs. These genes encode proteins contributed to toxic metal resistance (e.g., ChrA, CopA, CorA), osmotic and drought stress resistance (e.g., Na+/proline symporter, potassium/proton antiporter), acid resistance (e.g., PcxA, ArcA, YhdG), heat and cold stress resistance (e.g., DnaJ, Hsp20, CspA), oxidative stress resistance (e.g., GST, PoxA, glutaredoxin), DNA damage resistance (e.g., Rad25, Rad51, UvrD), and organic pollutant resistance (e.g., CytP450, laccase, CbbY). Phylogenetic analyses have supported the HGT inferences as the plant lineages are all clustering closely with distant microbial lineages. Deep-learning-based protein structure prediction and analyses, in combination with expression assessment based on codon adaption index (CAI) further corroborated the functionality and expressivity of the HGT genes in plant genomes. A case-study applying fold comparison and molecular dynamics (MD) of the HGT-driven CytP450 gave a more detailed illustration on the resemblance and evolutionary linkage between the plant recipient and microbial donor sequences. Together, the microbe-originated HGT genes identified in plant genomes and their participation in abiotic pressures resistance indicate a more profound impact of HGT on the adaptive evolution of plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangzhi Li
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Key Laboratory of Biometallurgy of Ministry of Education, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | | | - Zhenhua Wang
- Zhangjiajie Tobacco Company of Hunan Province, Zhangjiajie, China
| | - Teng Zhang
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Key Laboratory of Biometallurgy of Ministry of Education, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Urban and Rural Environmental Construction Co., Ltd, Changsha, China
| | - Hongguang Li
- Hunan Tobacco Science Institute, Changsha, China
| | - Yansong Xiao
- Chenzhou Tobacco Company of Hunan Province, Chenzhou, China
| | - Jingjun Li
- Chenzhou Tobacco Company of Hunan Province, Chenzhou, China
| | - Yongjun Liu
- Hunan Tobacco Science Institute, Changsha, China
| | - Huaqun Yin
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Key Laboratory of Biometallurgy of Ministry of Education, Central South University, Changsha, China
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15
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Xu X, Guerriero G, Berni R, Sergeant K, Guignard C, Lenouvel A, Hausman JF, Legay S. MdMYB52 regulates lignin biosynthesis upon the suberization process in apple. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1039014. [PMID: 36275517 PMCID: PMC9583409 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1039014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Our previous studies, comparing russeted vs. waxy apple skin, highlighted a MYeloBlastosys (Myb) transcription factor (MdMYB52), which displayed a correlation with genes associated to the suberization process. The present article aims to assess its role and function in the suberization process. Phylogenetic analyses and research against Arabidopsis thaliana MYBs database were first performed and the tissue specific expression of MdMYB52 was investigated using RT-qPCR. The function of MdMYB52 was further investigated using Agrobacterium-mediated transient overexpression in Nicotiana benthamiana leaves. An RNA-Seq analysis was performed to highlight differentially regulated genes in response MdMYB52. Transcriptomic data were supported by analytical chemistry and microscopy. A massive decreased expression of photosynthetic and primary metabolism pathways was observed with a concomitant increased expression of genes associated with phenylpropanoid and lignin biosynthesis, cell wall modification and senescence. Interestingly key genes involved in the synthesis of suberin phenolic components were observed. The analytical chemistry displayed a strong increase in the lignin content in the cell walls during MdMYB52 expression. More specifically, an enrichment in G-Unit lignin residues was observed, supporting transcriptomic data as well as previous work describing the suberin phenolic domain as a G-unit enriched lignin-like polymer. The time-course qPCR analysis revealed that the observed stress response, might be explain by this lignin biosynthesis and by a possible programmed senescence triggered by MdMYB52. The present work supports a crucial regulatory role for MdMYB52 in the biosynthesis of the suberin phenolic domain and possibly in the fate of suberized cells in russeted apple skins.
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16
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Teh KY, Loh SH, Aziz A, Takahashi K, Toda T, Wahid MEA, Cha TS. Transcriptome analysis of mangrove-isolated Chlorella vulgaris UMT-M1 reveals insights for vigorous growth and lipid accumulation through reduced salinity. ALGAL RES 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2022.102833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
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17
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Muthuramalingam P, Jeyasri R, Rakkammal K, Satish L, Shamili S, Karthikeyan A, Valliammai A, Priya A, Selvaraj A, Gowri P, Wu QS, Karutha Pandian S, Shin H, Chen JT, Baskar V, Thiruvengadam M, Akilan M, Ramesh M. Multi-Omics and Integrative Approach towards Understanding Salinity Tolerance in Rice: A Review. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:biology11071022. [PMID: 36101403 PMCID: PMC9312129 DOI: 10.3390/biology11071022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Revised: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Rice (Oryza sativa L.) plants are simultaneously encountered by environmental stressors, most importantly salinity stress. Salinity is the major hurdle that can negatively impact growth and crop yield. Understanding the salt stress and its associated complex trait mechanisms for enhancing salt tolerance in rice plants would ensure future food security. The main aim of this review is to provide insights and impacts of molecular-physiological responses, biochemical alterations, and plant hormonal signal transduction pathways in rice under saline stress. Furthermore, the review highlights the emerging breakthrough in multi-omics and computational biology in identifying the saline stress-responsive candidate genes and transcription factors (TFs). In addition, the review also summarizes the biotechnological tools, genetic engineering, breeding, and agricultural practicing factors that can be implemented to realize the bottlenecks and opportunities to enhance salt tolerance and develop salinity tolerant rice varieties. Future studies pinpointed the augmentation of powerful tools to dissect the salinity stress-related novel players, reveal in-depth mechanisms and ways to incorporate the available literature, and recent advancements to throw more light on salinity responsive transduction pathways in plants. Particularly, this review unravels the whole picture of salinity stress tolerance in rice by expanding knowledge that focuses on molecular aspects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pandiyan Muthuramalingam
- Department of Biotechnology, Science Campus, Alagappa University, Karaikudi 630 003, India; (P.M.); (R.J.); (K.R.); (A.V.); (A.P.); (A.S.); (S.K.P.)
- Department of Horticultural Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52725, Korea
- Department of GreenBio Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52725, Korea
| | - Rajendran Jeyasri
- Department of Biotechnology, Science Campus, Alagappa University, Karaikudi 630 003, India; (P.M.); (R.J.); (K.R.); (A.V.); (A.P.); (A.S.); (S.K.P.)
| | - Kasinathan Rakkammal
- Department of Biotechnology, Science Campus, Alagappa University, Karaikudi 630 003, India; (P.M.); (R.J.); (K.R.); (A.V.); (A.P.); (A.S.); (S.K.P.)
| | - Lakkakula Satish
- Avram and Stella Goldstein-Goren Department of Biotechnology Engineering, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva 84105, Israel;
- The Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva 84105, Israel;
| | - Sasanala Shamili
- The Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva 84105, Israel;
| | - Adhimoolam Karthikeyan
- Subtropical Horticulture Research Institute, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Korea;
| | - Alaguvel Valliammai
- Department of Biotechnology, Science Campus, Alagappa University, Karaikudi 630 003, India; (P.M.); (R.J.); (K.R.); (A.V.); (A.P.); (A.S.); (S.K.P.)
| | - Arumugam Priya
- Department of Biotechnology, Science Campus, Alagappa University, Karaikudi 630 003, India; (P.M.); (R.J.); (K.R.); (A.V.); (A.P.); (A.S.); (S.K.P.)
| | - Anthonymuthu Selvaraj
- Department of Biotechnology, Science Campus, Alagappa University, Karaikudi 630 003, India; (P.M.); (R.J.); (K.R.); (A.V.); (A.P.); (A.S.); (S.K.P.)
| | - Pandiyan Gowri
- Department of Botany, Science Campus, Alagappa University, Karaikudi 630 003, India;
| | - Qiang-Sheng Wu
- College of Horticulture and Gardening, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, China;
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, 50003 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Shunmugiah Karutha Pandian
- Department of Biotechnology, Science Campus, Alagappa University, Karaikudi 630 003, India; (P.M.); (R.J.); (K.R.); (A.V.); (A.P.); (A.S.); (S.K.P.)
| | - Hyunsuk Shin
- Department of Horticultural Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52725, Korea
- Department of GreenBio Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52725, Korea
- Correspondence: (H.S.); (M.T.); (M.R.)
| | - Jen-Tsung Chen
- Department of Life Sciences, National University of Kaohsiung, Kaohsiung 811, Taiwan;
| | - Venkidasamy Baskar
- Department of Oral and Maxillofaciel Surgery, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai 602 105, India;
| | - Muthu Thiruvengadam
- Department of Crop Science, College of Sanghuh Life Science, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea
- Correspondence: (H.S.); (M.T.); (M.R.)
| | - Manoharan Akilan
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Anbil Dharmalingam Agricultural College and Research Institute, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Trichy 620 027, India;
| | - Manikandan Ramesh
- Department of Biotechnology, Science Campus, Alagappa University, Karaikudi 630 003, India; (P.M.); (R.J.); (K.R.); (A.V.); (A.P.); (A.S.); (S.K.P.)
- Correspondence: (H.S.); (M.T.); (M.R.)
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Mishra M, Rathore RS, Joshi R, Pareek A, Singla-Pareek SL. DTH8 overexpression induces early flowering, boosts yield, and improves stress recovery in rice cv IR64. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2022; 174:e13691. [PMID: 35575899 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.13691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Revised: 04/17/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Rice yield and heading date are the two discrete traits controlled by quantitative trait loci (QTLs). Both traits are influenced by the genetic make-up of the plant as well as the environmental factors where it thrives. Drought and salinity adversely affect crop productivity in many parts of the world. Tolerance to these stresses is multigenic and complex in nature. In this study, we have characterized a QTL, DTH8 (days to heading) from Oryza sativa L. cv IR64 that encodes a putative HAP3/NF-YB/CBF subunit of CCAAT-box binding protein (HAP complex). We demonstrate DTH8 to be positively influencing the yield, heading date, and stress tolerance in IR64. DTH8 up-regulates the transcription of RFT1, Hd3a, GHD7, MOC1, and RCN1 in IR64 at the pre-flowering stage and plays a role in early flowering, increased number of tillers, enhanced panicle branching, and improved tolerance towards drought and salinity stress at the reproductive stage. The presence of DTH8 binding elements (CCAAT) in the promoter regions of all of these genes, predicted by in silico analysis of the promoter region, indicates the regulation of their expression by DTH8. In addition, DTH8 overexpressing transgenic lines showed favorable physiological parameters causing less yield penalty under stress than the WT plants. Taken together, DTH8 is a positive regulator of the network of genes related to early flowering/heading, higher yield, as well as salinity and drought stress tolerance, thus, enabling the crops to adapt to a wide range of climatic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manjari Mishra
- Plant Stress Biology, International Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, New Delhi, India
| | - Ray Singh Rathore
- Plant Stress Biology, International Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, New Delhi, India
| | - Rohit Joshi
- Plant Stress Biology, International Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, New Delhi, India
| | - Ashwani Pareek
- Stress Physiology and Molecular Biology Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
| | - Sneh Lata Singla-Pareek
- Plant Stress Biology, International Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, New Delhi, India
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Alves da Silva A, Oliveira Silva C, do Rosario Rosa V, Silva Santos MF, Naomi Kuki K, Dal-Bianco M, Delmond Bueno R, Alves de Oliveira J, Santos Brito D, Costa AC, Ribeiro C. Metabolic adjustment and regulation of gene expression are essential for increased resistance to severe water deficit and resilience post-stress in soybean. PeerJ 2022; 10:e13118. [PMID: 35321407 PMCID: PMC8935993 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.13118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Soybean is the main oilseed crop grown in the world; however, drought stress affects its growth and physiology, reducing its yield. The objective of this study was to characterize the physiological, metabolic, and genetic aspects that determine differential resistance to water deficit in soybean genotypes. Methods Three soybean genotypes were used in this study, two lineages (L11644 and L13241), and one cultivar (EMBRAPA 48-C48). Plants were grown in pots containing 8 kg of a mixture of soil and sand (2:1) in a greenhouse under sunlight. Soil moisture in the pots was maintained at field capacity until the plants reached the stage of development V4 (third fully expanded leaf). At this time, plants were subjected to three water treatments: Well-Watered (WW) (plants kept under daily irrigation); Water Deficit (WD) (withholding irrigation until plants reached the leaf water potential at predawn of -1.5 ± 0.2 MPa); Rewatered (RW) (plants rehydrated for three days after reached the water deficit). The WW and WD water treatments were evaluated on the eighth day for genotypes L11644 and C48, and on the tenth day for L13241, after interruption of irrigation. For the three genotypes, the treatment RW was evaluated after three days of resumption of irrigation. Physiological, metabolic and gene expression analyses were performed. Results Water deficit inhibited growth and gas exchange in all genotypes. The accumulation of osmolytes and the concentrations of chlorophylls and abscisic acid (ABA) were higher in L13241 under stress. The metabolic adjustment of lineages in response to WD occurred in order to accumulate amino acids, carbohydrates, and polyamines in leaves. The expression of genes involved in drought resistance responses was more strongly induced in L13241. In general, rehydration provided recovery of plants to similar conditions of control treatment. Although the C48 and L11644 genotypes have shown some tolerance and resilience responses to severe water deficit, greater efficiency was observed in the L13241 genotype through adjustments in morphological, physiological, genetic and metabolic characteristics that are combined in the same plant. This study contributes to the advancement in the knowledge about the resistance to drought in cultivated plants and provides bases for the genetic improvement of the soybean culture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adinan Alves da Silva
- Ecophysiology and Plant Productivity Laboratory, Instituto Federal Goiano-Campus Rio Verde, Rio Verde, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Cíntia Oliveira Silva
- Department of General Biology, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | | | - Kacilda Naomi Kuki
- Department of Agronomy, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Maximiller Dal-Bianco
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Rafael Delmond Bueno
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | - Danielle Santos Brito
- Department of General Biology, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Alan Carlos Costa
- Ecophysiology and Plant Productivity Laboratory, Instituto Federal Goiano-Campus Rio Verde, Rio Verde, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Cleberson Ribeiro
- Department of General Biology, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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20
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Zhou P, Li X, Liu X, Wen X, Zhang Y, Zhang D. Transcriptome profiling of Malus sieversii under freezing stress after being cold-acclimated. BMC Genomics 2021; 22:681. [PMID: 34548013 PMCID: PMC8456659 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-021-07998-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Freezing temperatures are an abiotic stress that has a serious impact on plant growth and development in temperate regions and even threatens plant survival. The wild apple tree (Malus sieversii) needs to undergo a cold acclimation process to enhance its freezing tolerance in winter. Changes that occur at the molecular level in response to low temperatures are poorly understood in wild apple trees. Results Phytohormone and physiology profiles and transcriptome analysis were used to elaborate on the dynamic response mechanism. We determined that JA, IAA, and ABA accumulated in the cold acclimation stage and decreased during freezing stress in response to freezing stress. To elucidate the molecular mechanisms of freezing stress after cold acclimation, we employed single molecular real-time (SMRT) and RNA-seq technologies to study genome-wide expression profiles in wild apple. Using the PacBio and Illumina platform, we obtained 20.79G subreads. These reads were assembled into 61,908 transcripts, and 24,716 differentially expressed transcripts were obtained. Among them, 4410 transcripts were differentially expressed during the whole process of freezing stress, and these were examined for enrichment via GO and KEGG analyses. Pathway analysis indicated that “plant hormone signal transduction”, “starch and sucrose metabolism”, “peroxisome” and “photosynthesis” might play a vital role in wild apple responses to freezing stress. Furthermore, the transcription factors DREB1/CBF, MYC2, WRKY70, WRKY71, MYB4 and MYB88 were strongly induced during the whole stress period. Conclusions Our study presents a global survey of the transcriptome profiles of wild apple trees in dynamic response to freezing stress after two days cold acclimation and provides insights into the molecular mechanisms of freezing adaptation of wild apple plants for the first time. The study also provides valuable information for further research on the antifreezing reaction mechanism and genetic improvement of M. sieversii after cold acclimation. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12864-021-07998-0.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, 830011, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Xiaoshuang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, 830011, China.,Turpan Eremophytes Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Turpan, 838008, China
| | - Xiaojie Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, 830011, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Xuejing Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, 830011, China.,Turpan Eremophytes Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Turpan, 838008, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, 830011, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Daoyuan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, 830011, China. .,Turpan Eremophytes Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Turpan, 838008, China.
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21
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Alafari HA, Abd-Elgawad ME. Differential expression gene/protein contribute to heat stress-responsive in Tetraena propinqua in Saudi Arabia. Saudi J Biol Sci 2021; 28:5017-5027. [PMID: 34466077 PMCID: PMC8380999 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Revised: 05/03/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Within their natural habitat, plants are subjected to abiotic stresses that include heat stress. In the current study, the effect of 4 h, 24 h, and 48 h of heat stress on Tetraena propinqua ssp. migahidii seedling's protein profile and proteomic analyses were investigated. Total soluble protein SDS-PAGE (Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis) profile showed 18-protein bands, the newly synthesized protein band (with molecular weights 86.5, 30.2 and 31.4 KD) at 24 h of heat stress and 48 of normal conditions. Proteomic analysis showed that 81 and 930 targets are involved in gene and protein expression respectively. At 4 h, 57 genes and 110 proteins in C4 reached 56 genes and 173 proteins in T4. At 24 h, 63 genes and 180 proteins in C24 decreased to 54 genes and 151 protein in T24. After 48 h, 56 genes and 136 proteins in C48 increased to 64 genes and 180 proteins in T48. The genes and proteins involved in transcription, translation, photosynthesis, transport, and other unknown metabolic processes, were differentially expressed under treatments of heat stress. These findings provide insights into the molecular mechanisms related to heat stress, in addition to its influence on the physiological traits of T. propinqua seedlings. Heat stress-mediated differential regulation genes indicate a role in the development and stress response of T. propinqua. The candidate dual-specificity genes and proteins identified in this study paves way for more molecular analysis of up-and-down-regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hayat Ali Alafari
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Magda Elsayed Abd-Elgawad
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Fayoum University, Fayoum, Egypt
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22
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Mehari TG, Xu Y, Magwanga RO, Umer MJ, Shiraku ML, Hou Y, Wang Y, Wang K, Cai X, Zhou Z, Liu F. Identification and functional characterization of Gh_D01G0514 (GhNAC072) transcription factor in response to drought stress tolerance in cotton. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2021; 166:361-375. [PMID: 34153881 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2021.05.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Cotton encounters long-term drought stress problems resulting in major yield losses. Transcription factors (TFs) plays an important role in response to biotic and abiotic stresses. The coexpression patterns of gene networks associated with drought stress tolerance were investigated using transcriptome profiles. Applying a weighted gene coexpression network analysis, we discovered a salmon module with 144 genes strongly linked to drought stress tolerance. Based on coexpression and RT-qPCR analysis GH_D01G0514 was selected as the candidate gene, as it was also identified as a hub gene in both roots and leaves with a consistent expression in response to drought stress in both tissues. For validation of GH_D01G0514, Virus Induced Gene Silencing was performed and VIGS plants showed significantly higher excised leaf water loss and ion leakage, while lower relative water and chlorophyll contents as compared to WT (Wild type) and positive control plants. Furthermore, the WT and positive control seedlings showed higher CAT and SOD activities, and lower activities of hydrogen peroxide and MDA enzymes as compared to the VIGS plants. Gh_D01G0514 (GhNAC072) was localized in the nucleus and cytoplasm. Y2H assay demonstrates that Gh_D01G0514 has a potential of auto activation. It was observed that the Gh_D01G0514 was highly upregulated in both tissues based on RNA Seq and RT-qPCR analysis. Thus, we inferred that, this candidate gene might be responsible for drought stress tolerance in cotton. This finding adds significantly to the existing knowledge of drought stress tolerance in cotton and deep molecular analysis are required to understand the molecular mechanisms underlying drought stress tolerance in cotton.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teame Gereziher Mehari
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology/Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science (ICR, CAAS), Anyang, Henan, 455000, China; Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research, Mekhoni Agricultural Research Center, P.O Box 47, Mekhoni, Tigray, Ethiopia
| | - Yanchao Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology/Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science (ICR, CAAS), Anyang, Henan, 455000, China
| | - Richard Odongo Magwanga
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology/Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science (ICR, CAAS), Anyang, Henan, 455000, China; School of Biological and Physical Sciences (SBPS), Main Campus, Jaramogi Oginga Odinga University of Science and Technology (JOOUST), Main Campus, P.O. Box 210-40601, Bondo, Kenya
| | - Muhammad Jawad Umer
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology/Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science (ICR, CAAS), Anyang, Henan, 455000, China
| | - Margaret Linyerera Shiraku
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology/Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science (ICR, CAAS), Anyang, Henan, 455000, China
| | - Yuqing Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology/Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science (ICR, CAAS), Anyang, Henan, 455000, China
| | - Yuhong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology/Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science (ICR, CAAS), Anyang, Henan, 455000, China
| | - Kunbo Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology/Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science (ICR, CAAS), Anyang, Henan, 455000, China
| | - Xiaoyan Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology/Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science (ICR, CAAS), Anyang, Henan, 455000, China.
| | - Zhongli Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology/Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science (ICR, CAAS), Anyang, Henan, 455000, China.
| | - Fang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology/Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science (ICR, CAAS), Anyang, Henan, 455000, China; School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, PR China.
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23
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Wang P, Moore BM, Uygun S, Lehti-Shiu MD, Barry CS, Shiu SH. Optimising the use of gene expression data to predict plant metabolic pathway memberships. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2021; 231:475-489. [PMID: 33749860 DOI: 10.1111/nph.17355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Plant metabolites from diverse pathways are important for plant survival, human nutrition and medicine. The pathway memberships of most plant enzyme genes are unknown. While co-expression is useful for assigning genes to pathways, expression correlation may exist only under specific spatiotemporal and conditional contexts. Utilising > 600 tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) expression data combinations, three strategies for predicting memberships in 85 pathways were explored. Optimal predictions for different pathways require distinct data combinations indicative of pathway functions. Naive prediction (i.e. identifying pathways with the most similarly expressed genes) is error prone. In 52 pathways, unsupervised learning performed better than supervised approaches, possibly due to limited training data availability. Using gene-to-pathway expression similarities led to prediction models that outperformed those based simply on expression levels. Using 36 experimental validated genes, the pathway-best model prediction accuracy is 58.3%, significantly better compared with that for predicting annotated genes without experimental evidence (37.0%) or random guess (1.2%), demonstrating the importance of data quality. Our study highlights the need to extensively explore expression-based features and prediction strategies to maximise the accuracy of metabolic pathway membership assignment. The prediction framework outlined here can be applied to other species and serves as a baseline model for future comparisons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peipei Wang
- Department of Plant Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
| | - Bethany M Moore
- Department of Botany, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | | | - Melissa D Lehti-Shiu
- Department of Plant Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
| | - Cornelius S Barry
- Department of Horticulture, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
| | - Shin-Han Shiu
- Department of Plant Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
- Department of Computational Mathematics, Science, and Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
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24
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Hounslow E, Evans CA, Pandhal J, Sydney T, Couto N, Pham TK, Gilmour DJ, Wright PC. Quantitative proteomic comparison of salt stress in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii and the snow alga Chlamydomonas nivalis reveals mechanisms for salt-triggered fatty acid accumulation via reallocation of carbon resources. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS 2021; 14:121. [PMID: 34022944 PMCID: PMC8141184 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-021-01970-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chlamydomonas reinhardtii is a model green alga strain for molecular studies; its fully sequenced genome has enabled omic-based analyses that have been applied to better understand its metabolic responses to stress. Here, we characterised physiological and proteomic changes between a low-starch C. reinhardtii strain and the snow alga Chlamydomonas nivalis, to reveal insights into their contrasting responses to salinity stress. RESULTS Each strain was grown in conditions tailored to their growth requirements to encourage maximal fatty acid (as a proxy measure of lipid) production, with internal controls to allow comparison points. In 0.2 M NaCl, C. nivalis accumulates carbohydrates up to 10.4% DCW at 80 h, and fatty acids up to 52.0% dry cell weight (DCW) over 12 days, however, C. reinhardtii does not show fatty acid accumulation over time, and shows limited carbohydrate accumulation up to 5.5% DCW. Analysis of the C. nivalis fatty acid profiles showed that salt stress improved the biofuel qualities over time. Photosynthesis and respiration rates are reduced in C. reinhardtii relative to C. nivalis in response to 0.2 M NaCl. De novo sequencing and homology matching was used in conjunction with iTRAQ-based quantitative analysis to identify and relatively quantify proteomic alterations in cells exposed to salt stress. There were abundance differences in proteins associated with stress, photosynthesis, carbohydrate and lipid metabolism proteins. In terms of lipid synthesis, salt stress induced an increase in dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase in C. nivalis (1.1-fold change), whilst levels in C. reinhardtii remained unaffected; this enzyme is involved in acetyl CoA production and has been linked to TAG accumulation in microalgae. In salt-stressed C. nivalis there were decreases in the abundance of UDP-sulfoquinovose (- 1.77-fold change), which is involved in sulfoquinovosyl diacylglycerol metabolism, and in citrate synthase (- 2.7-fold change), also involved in the TCA cycle. Decreases in these enzymes have been shown to lead to increased TAG production as fatty acid biosynthesis is favoured. Data are available via ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD018148. CONCLUSIONS These differences in protein abundance have given greater understanding of the mechanism by which salt stress promotes fatty acid accumulation in the un-sequenced microalga C. nivalis as it switches to a non-growth state, whereas C. reinhardtii does not have this response.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Hounslow
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Sheffield, Mappin Street, Sheffield, S1 3JD, UK
| | - C A Evans
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Sheffield, Mappin Street, Sheffield, S1 3JD, UK.
| | - J Pandhal
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Sheffield, Mappin Street, Sheffield, S1 3JD, UK
| | - T Sydney
- Department of Chemistry, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S3 7HF, UK
| | - N Couto
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Sheffield, Mappin Street, Sheffield, S1 3JD, UK
| | - T K Pham
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Sheffield, Mappin Street, Sheffield, S1 3JD, UK
| | - D James Gilmour
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Firth Court, University of Sheffield, Western Bank, Sheffield, S10 2TN, UK
| | - P C Wright
- University of Southampton, University Road, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK
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Dai Z, Huang H, Zhang Q, Bei J, Chen Z, Liu Q, Gao J, Zhang S, Liu J. Comparative Multi-Omics of Tender Shoots from a Novel Evergrowing Tea Cultivar Provide Insight into the Winter Adaptation Mechanism. PLANT & CELL PHYSIOLOGY 2021; 62:366-377. [PMID: 33399871 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcaa167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Tea (Camellia sinensis [L.] O. Kuntze) tree is a perennial plant in which winter dormancy is an important biological adaptation to environmental changes. We discovered and reported a novel tea tree cultivar that can generate tender shoots in winter several years ago, but the molecular mechanism for this unique phenotype remains unknown . Here, we conducted comparative transcriptomics, proteomics and metabolomics along with phytohormone quantitation between the winter and spring tender shoots to investigate the physiological basis and putative regulatory mechanisms of its evergrowing character during winter. Our multi-omics study has led to the following findings. Gibberellin (GA) levels and key enzymes for GA biosynthesis and the signal transduction pathway were increased in the winter shoots, causing the ABA/GA content ratio to decrease, which might play a key regulatory role in maintaining normal growth during winter. The abundance of proteins, genes and metabolites involved in energy metabolism was all increased in winter shoots, indicating that energy is critical for continuous growth under the relatively weak-light and low-temperature environment. Abiotic resistance-related proteins and free amino acids were also increased in abundance in the winter shoots, which possibly represents an adaptation response to winter conditions. These results allowed us to hypothesize a novel molecular mechanism of adaptation for this unique tender shoot evergrowing in winter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhangyan Dai
- Agro-biological Gene Research Center, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Resources Preservation and Utilization, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hualin Huang
- Tea Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qunjie Zhang
- Agro-biological Gene Research Center, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Resources Preservation and Utilization, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jinlong Bei
- Agro-biological Gene Research Center, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Resources Preservation and Utilization, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhongjian Chen
- Agro-biological Gene Research Center, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Resources Preservation and Utilization, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qinjian Liu
- Agro-biological Gene Research Center, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Resources Preservation and Utilization, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiadong Gao
- Agro-biological Gene Research Center, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Resources Preservation and Utilization, Guangzhou, China
| | | | - Jun Liu
- Agro-biological Gene Research Center, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Resources Preservation and Utilization, Guangzhou, China
- Tea Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, China
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26
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Mariz-Ponte N, Mendes RJ, Sario S, Correia CV, Correia CM, Moutinho-Pereira J, Melo P, Dias MC, Santos C. Physiological, Biochemical and Molecular Assessment of UV-A and UV-B Supplementation in Solanum lycopersicum. PLANTS 2021; 10:plants10050918. [PMID: 34063679 PMCID: PMC8147646 DOI: 10.3390/plants10050918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Revised: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Daily UV-supplementation during the plant fruiting stage of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) growing indoors may produce fruits with higher nutraceutical value and better acceptance by consumers. However, it is important to ensure that the plant's performance during this stage is not compromised by the UV supplement. We studied the impact of UV-A (1 and 4 h) and UV-B (2 and 5 min) on the photosynthesis of greenhouse-grown tomato plants during the fruiting/ripening stage. After 30 d of daily irradiation, UV-B and UV-A differently interfered with the photosynthesis. UV-B induced few leaf-necrotic spots, and effects are more evidenced in the stimulation of photosynthetic/protective pigments, meaning a structural effect at the Light-Harvesting Complex. UV-A stimulated flowering/fruiting, paralleled with no visible leaf damages, and the impact on photosynthesis was mostly related to functional changes, in a dose-dependent manner. Both UV-A doses decreased the maximum quantum efficiency of photosystem II (Fv/Fm), the effective efficiency of photosystem II (ΦPSII), and gas exchange processes, including net carbon assimilation (PN). Transcripts related to Photosystem II (PSII) and RuBisCO were highly stimulated by UV supplementation (mostly UV-A), but the maintenance of the RuBisCO protein levels indicates that some protein is also degraded. Our data suggest that plants supplemented with UV-A activate adaptative mechanisms (including increased transcription of PSII peptides and RuBisCO), and any negative impacts on photosynthesis do not compromise the final carbohydrate balances and plant yield, thus becoming a profitable tool to improve precision agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuno Mariz-Ponte
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal; (R.J.M.); (S.S.); (C.V.C.); (P.M.); (C.S.)
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Faculty of Science, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
- Correspondence:
| | - Rafael J. Mendes
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal; (R.J.M.); (S.S.); (C.V.C.); (P.M.); (C.S.)
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Faculty of Science, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
| | - Sara Sario
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal; (R.J.M.); (S.S.); (C.V.C.); (P.M.); (C.S.)
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Faculty of Science, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
| | - Cristiana V. Correia
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal; (R.J.M.); (S.S.); (C.V.C.); (P.M.); (C.S.)
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Faculty of Science, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
| | - Carlos M. Correia
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), Department of Biology and Environment, University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal; (C.M.C.); (J.M.-P.)
| | - José Moutinho-Pereira
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), Department of Biology and Environment, University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal; (C.M.C.); (J.M.-P.)
| | - Paula Melo
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal; (R.J.M.); (S.S.); (C.V.C.); (P.M.); (C.S.)
| | - Maria Celeste Dias
- Centre for Functional Ecology, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Calçada Martim de Freitas, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal;
| | - Conceição Santos
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal; (R.J.M.); (S.S.); (C.V.C.); (P.M.); (C.S.)
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Faculty of Science, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
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Araújo GDS, Lopes LDS, Paula-Marinho SDO, Mesquita RO, Nagano CS, Vasconcelos FR, de Carvalho HH, Moura ADAAN, Marques EC, Gomes-Filho E. H 2O 2 priming induces proteomic responses to defense against salt stress in maize. PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2021; 106:33-48. [PMID: 33594577 DOI: 10.1007/s11103-021-01127-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
KEY MESSAGE H2O2 priming reprograms essential proteins' expression to help plants survive, promoting responsive and unresponsive proteins adjustment to salt stress. ABSTACRT Priming is a powerful strategy to enhance abiotic stress tolerance in plants. Despite this, there is scarce information about the mechanisms induced by H2O2 priming for salt stress tolerance, particularly on proteome modulation. Improving maize cultivation in areas subjected to salinity is imperative for the local economy and food security. Thereby, this study aimed to investigate physiological changes linked with post-translational protein events induced by foliar H2O2 priming of Zea mays plants under salt stress. As expected, salt treatment promoted a considerable accumulation of Na+ ions, a 12-fold increase. It drastically affected growth parameters and relative water content, as well as promoted adverse alteration in the proteome profile, when compared to the absence of salt conditions. Conversely, H2O2 priming was beneficial via specific proteome reprogramming, which promoted better response to salinity by 16% reduction in Na+ content and shoots growth improvement, increasing 61% in dry mass. The identified proteins were associated with photosynthesis and redox homeostasis, critical metabolic pathways for helping plants survive in saline stress by the protection of chloroplasts organization and carbon fixation, as well as state redox. This research provides new proteomic data to improve understanding and forward identifying biotechnological strategies to promote salt stress tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gyedre Dos Santos Araújo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Lineker de Sousa Lopes
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | | | | | - Celso Shiniti Nagano
- Department of Fishing Engineering, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Fábio Roger Vasconcelos
- Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Ceará (IFCE), Boa Viagem, CE, Brazil
| | | | | | - Elton Camelo Marques
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Enéas Gomes-Filho
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.
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Sepehri M, Ghaffari MR, Khayam Nekoui M, Sarhadi E, Moghadam A, Khatabi B, Hosseini Salekdeh G. Root endophytic fungus Serendipita indica modulates barley leaf blade proteome by increasing the abundance of photosynthetic proteins in response to salinity. J Appl Microbiol 2021; 131:1870-1889. [PMID: 33694234 DOI: 10.1111/jam.15063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Revised: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AIMS The present study aimed at analysing the proteome pattern of the leaf blade of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) in Serendipita indica-colonised plants to decipher the molecular mechanism of S. indica-mediated salt stress. This work is aligned with our previous research on barley leaf sheath to study proteomic pattern variability in leaf blade and sheath of barley plant in response to salinity and S. indica inoculation. METHODS AND RESULTS The experiment was conducted using a completely randomised factorial design with four replications and two treatments: salinity (0 and 300 mmol l-1 NaCl) and fungus (noninoculated and S. indica-inoculated). The leaf blades of the salt-treated S. indica-colonised and noninoculated plants were harvested after 2 weeks of salt treatment for the physiological and proteomic analyses. After exposure to 300 mmol l-1 NaCl, shoot dry matter production in noninoculated control plants decreased 84% which was about twofold higher than inoculated plants with S. indica. However, the accumulation of sodium in the shoot of S. indica-inoculated plants was significantly lower than the control plants. Analysis of the proteome profile revealed a high number of significantly up-regulated proteins involved in photosynthesis (26 out of 42 identified proteins). CONCLUSIONS The results demonstrated how the enhanced plant growth and salt stress resistance induced by S. indica was positively associated with the up-regulation of several proteins involved in photosynthesis and carbohydrate metabolism. In fact, S. indica improved photosynthesis in order to reach the best possible performance of the host plant under salt stress. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY Current research provides new insight into the mechanism applied by S. indica in reducing the negative impacts of salt stress in barley at physiological and molecular levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Sepehri
- Department of Soil Science, School of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - M R Ghaffari
- Department of Systems and Synthetic Biology, Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute of Iran (ABRII), Agricultural Research, Education, and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran
| | - M Khayam Nekoui
- Faculty of Biological Science, Research Center of Biotechnology Development, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - E Sarhadi
- Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, Tehran, Iran
| | - A Moghadam
- Institute of Biotechnology, School of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - B Khatabi
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Resource Sciences, University of Maryland Eastern Shore, Princess Anne, MD, USA
| | - G Hosseini Salekdeh
- Department of Systems and Synthetic Biology, Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute of Iran (ABRII), Agricultural Research, Education, and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran.,Department of Molecular Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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29
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Comparison of tolerance related proteomic profiles of two drought tolerant tomato mutants improved by gamma radiation. J Biotechnol 2021; 330:35-44. [PMID: 33652074 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2021.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Revised: 01/30/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Lycopersicon esculentum L., also known as tomato, is an important industrial plant due to its products which worth billions of dollars annually, besides its nutritional value and health benefits. In this study, we investigated the two-dimensional protein expression profiles in drought tolerant mutant plants derived from industrial 5MX12956 tomato variety by Cs-137 gamma radiation source induced mutations. Drought tolerance of mutants were evaluated and confirmed by in vivo and in vitro methods. Eleven drought responsive protein spots were identified by two-dimensional electrophoresis and MALDI-TOF-MS. Identified proteins which presented differential expression under drought conditions were clustered under six distinct groups based on their cellular functions. These clusters are ATP and carbohydrate metabolism, mRNA processing and protein phosphorylation, oxidation reduction and stress response, signaling and supporting cytoskeleton. Our results contributed proteomic data to drought tolerance of our tomato mutants which were originated from drought susceptible 5MX12956 variety. They may also facilitate basis for future investigations into the genetic and physiological aspects of this tolerance.
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Muhammad I, Shalmani A, Ali M, Yang QH, Ahmad H, Li FB. Mechanisms Regulating the Dynamics of Photosynthesis Under Abiotic Stresses. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 11:615942. [PMID: 33584756 PMCID: PMC7876081 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.615942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Photosynthesis sustains plant life on earth and is indispensable for plant growth and development. Factors such as unfavorable environmental conditions, stress regulatory networks, and plant biochemical processes limits the photosynthetic efficiency of plants and thereby threaten food security worldwide. Although numerous physiological approaches have been used to assess the performance of key photosynthetic components and their stress responses, though, these approaches are not extensive enough and do not favor strategic improvement of photosynthesis under abiotic stresses. The decline in photosynthetic capacity of plants due to these stresses is directly associated with reduction in yield. Therefore, a detailed information of the plant responses and better understanding of the photosynthetic machinery could help in developing new crop plants with higher yield even under stressed environments. Interestingly, cracking of signaling and metabolic pathways, identification of some key regulatory elements, characterization of potential genes, and phytohormone responses to abiotic factors have advanced our knowledge related to photosynthesis. However, our understanding of dynamic modulation of photosynthesis under dramatically fluctuating natural environments remains limited. Here, we provide a detailed overview of the research conducted on photosynthesis to date, and highlight the abiotic stress factors (heat, salinity, drought, high light, and heavy metal) that limit the performance of the photosynthetic machinery. Further, we reviewed the role of transcription factor genes and various enzymes involved in the process of photosynthesis under abiotic stresses. Finally, we discussed the recent progress in the field of biodegradable compounds, such as chitosan and humic acid, and the effect of melatonin (bio-stimulant) on photosynthetic activity. Based on our gathered researched data set, the logical concept of photosynthetic regulation under abiotic stresses along with improvement strategies will expand and surely accelerate the development of stress tolerance mechanisms, wider adaptability, higher survival rate, and yield potential of plant species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Izhar Muhammad
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Abdullah Shalmani
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Muhammad Ali
- Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qing-Hua Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Husain Ahmad
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Feng Bai Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
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Wang J, Zhang Y, Yan X, Guo J. Physiological and transcriptomic analyses of yellow horn (Xanthoceras sorbifolia) provide important insights into salt and saline-alkali stress tolerance. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0244365. [PMID: 33351842 PMCID: PMC7755187 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0244365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Yellow horn (Xanthoceras sorbifolia) is an oil-rich woody plant cultivated for bio-energy production in China. Soil saline-alkalization is a prominent agricultural-related environmental problem limiting plant growth and productivity. In this study, we performed comparative physiological and transcriptomic analyses to examine the mechanisms of X. sorbifolia seedling responding to salt and alkaline-salt stress. With the exception of chlorophyll content, physiological experiments revealed significant increases in all assessed indices in response to salt and saline-alkali treatments. Notably, compared with salt stress, we observed more pronounced changes in electrolyte leakage (EL) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in response to saline-alkali stress, which may contribute to the greater toxicity of saline-alkali soils. In total, 3,087 and 2,715 genes were differentially expressed in response to salt and saline-alkali treatments, respectively, among which carbon metabolism, biosynthesis of amino acids, starch and sucrose metabolism, and reactive oxygen species signaling networks were extensively enriched, and transcription factor families of bHLH, C2H2, bZIP, NAC, and ERF were transcriptionally activated. Moreover, relative to salt stress, saline-alkali stress activated more significant upregulation of genes related to H+ transport, indicating that regulation of intracellular pH may play an important role in coping with saline-alkali stress. These findings provide new insights for investigating the physiological changes and molecular mechanisms underlying the responses of X. sorbifolia to salt and saline-alkali stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Wang
- College of Forestry, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi, China
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Functional Oil Tree Cultivation and Research, Taigu, Shanxi, China
| | - Yunxiang Zhang
- College of Forestry, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi, China
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Functional Oil Tree Cultivation and Research, Taigu, Shanxi, China
| | - Xingrong Yan
- College of Forestry, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi, China
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Functional Oil Tree Cultivation and Research, Taigu, Shanxi, China
| | - Jinping Guo
- College of Forestry, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi, China
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Functional Oil Tree Cultivation and Research, Taigu, Shanxi, China
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Acceleration of Carbon Fixation in Chilling-Sensitive Banana under Mild and Moderate Chilling Stresses. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21239326. [PMID: 33297477 PMCID: PMC7730866 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21239326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2020] [Revised: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 11/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Banana is one of the most important food and fruit crops in the world and its growth is ceasing at 10–17 °C. However, the mechanisms determining the tolerance of banana to mild (>15 °C) and moderate chilling (10–15 °C) are elusive. Furthermore, the biochemical controls over the photosynthesis in tropical plant species at low temperatures above 10 °C is not well understood. The purpose of this research was to reveal the response of chilling-sensitive banana to mild (16 °C) and moderate chilling stress (10 °C) at the molecular (transcripts, proteins) and physiological levels. The results showed different transcriptome responses between mild and moderate chilling stresses, especially in pathways of plant hormone signal transduction, ABC transporters, ubiquinone, and other terpenoid-quinone biosynthesis. Interestingly, functions related to carbon fixation were assigned preferentially to upregulated genes/proteins, while photosynthesis and photosynthesis-antenna proteins were downregulated at 10 °C, as revealed by both digital gene expression and proteomic analysis. These results were confirmed by qPCR and immunofluorescence labeling methods. Conclusion: Banana responded to the mild chilling stress dramatically at the molecular level. To compensate for the decreased photosynthesis efficiency caused by mild and moderate chilling stresses, banana accelerated its carbon fixation, mainly through upregulation of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylases.
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Singh G, Singh V, Singh V. Genome-wide interologous interactome map (TeaGPIN) of Camellia sinensis. Genomics 2020; 113:553-564. [PMID: 33002625 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2020.09.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2019] [Revised: 08/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Tea, prepared from the young leaves of Camellia sinensis, is a non-alcoholic beverage globally consumed due to its antioxidant properties, strong taste and aroma. Although, the genomic data of this medicinally and commercially important plant is available, studies related to its sub-cellular interactomic maps are less explored. In this work, we propose a genome-wide interologous protein-protein interaction (PPI) network of tea, termed as TeaGPIN, consisting of 12,033 nodes and 216,107 interactions, developed using draft genome of tea and known PPIs exhaustively collected from 49 template plants. TeaGPIN interactions are prioritized using domain-domain interactions along with the interolog information. A high-confidence TeaGPIN consisting of 5983 nodes and 58,867 edges is reported and its interactions are further evaluated using protein co-localization similarities. Based on three network centralities (degree, betweenness and eigenvector), 1302 key proteins are reported in tea to have p-value <0.01 by comparing the TeaGPIN with 10,000 realizations of Erdős-Rényi and Barabási-Albert based corresponding random network models. Functional content of TeaGPIN is assessed using KEGG and GO annotations and its modular architecture is explored. Network based characterization is carried-out on the transcription factors, and proteins involved flavonoid biosynthesis and photosynthesis pathways to find novel candidates involved in various regulatory processes. We believe the proposed TeaGPIN will impart useful insights in understanding various mechanisms related to growth and development as well as defence against biotic and abiotic perturbations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gagandeep Singh
- Centre for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Himachal Pradesh, Dharamshala 176206, India
| | - Vikram Singh
- Centre for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Himachal Pradesh, Dharamshala 176206, India
| | - Vikram Singh
- Centre for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Himachal Pradesh, Dharamshala 176206, India.
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Dubberstein D, Lidon FC, Rodrigues AP, Semedo JN, Marques I, Rodrigues WP, Gouveia D, Armengaud J, Semedo MC, Martins S, Simões-Costa MC, Moura I, Pais IP, Scotti-Campos P, Partelli FL, Campostrini E, Ribeiro-Barros AI, DaMatta FM, Ramalho JC. Resilient and Sensitive Key Points of the Photosynthetic Machinery of Coffea spp. to the Single and Superimposed Exposure to Severe Drought and Heat Stresses. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:1049. [PMID: 32733525 PMCID: PMC7363965 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.01049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2020] [Accepted: 06/25/2020] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
This study unveils the single and combined drought and heat impacts on the photosynthetic performance of Coffea arabica cv. Icatu and C. canephora cv. Conilon Clone 153 (CL153). Well-watered (WW) potted plants were gradually submitted to severe water deficit (SWD) along 20 days under adequate temperature (25/20°C, day/night), and thereafter exposed to a gradual temperature rise up to 42/30°C, followed by a 14-day water and temperature recovery. Single drought affected all gas exchanges (including Amax ) and most fluorescence parameters in both genotypes. However, Icatu maintained Fv/Fm and RuBisCO activity, and reinforced electron transport rates, carrier contents, and proton gradient regulation (PGR5) and chloroplast NADH dehydrogenase-like (NDH) complex proteins abundance. This suggested negligible non-stomatal limitations of photosynthesis that were accompanied by a triggering of protective cyclic electron transport (CEF) involving both photosystems (PSs). These findings contrasted with declines in RuBisCO and PSs activities, and cytochromes (b559 , f, b563 ) contents in CL153. Remarkable heat tolerance in potential photosynthetic functioning was detected in WW plants of both genotypes (up to 37/28°C or 39/30°C), likely associated with CEF in Icatu. Yet, at 42/30°C the tolerance limit was exceeded. Reduced Amax and increased Ci values reflected non-stomatal limitations of photosynthesis, agreeing with impairments in energy capture (F0 rise), PSII photochemical efficiency, and RuBisCO and Ru5PK activities. In contrast to PSs activities and electron carrier contents, enzyme activities were highly heat sensitive. Until 37/28°C, stresses interaction was largely absent, and drought played the major role in constraining photosynthesis functioning. Harsher conditions (SWD, 42/30°C) exacerbated impairments to PSs, enzymes, and electron carriers, but uncontrolled energy dissipation was mitigated by photoprotective mechanisms. Most parameters recovered fully between 4 and 14 days after stress relief in both genotypes, although some aftereffects persisted in SWD plants. Icatu was more drought tolerant, with WW and SWD plants usually showing a faster and/or greater recovery than CL153. Heat affected both genotypes mostly at 42/30°C, especially in SWD and Icatu plants. Overall, photochemical components were highly tolerant to heat and to stress interaction in contrast to enzymes that deserve special attention by breeding programs to increase coffee sustainability in climate change scenarios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielly Dubberstein
- PlantStress & Biodiversity Lab, Centro de Estudos Florestais (CEF), Dept. Recursos Naturais, Ambiente e Território (DRAT), Instituto Superior de Agronomia (ISA), Universidade de Lisboa (ULisboa), Lisbon, Portugal
- Centro Univ. Norte do Espírito Santo (CEUNES), Dept. Ciências Agrárias e Biológicas (DCAB), Univ. Federal Espírito Santo (UFES), São Mateus, Brazil
| | - Fernando C. Lidon
- Unidade de Geobiociências, Geoengenharias e Geotecnologias (GeoBioTec), Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia (FCT), Universidade NOVA de Lisboa (UNL), Caparica, Portugal
| | - Ana P. Rodrigues
- PlantStress & Biodiversity Lab, Centro de Estudos Florestais (CEF), Dept. Recursos Naturais, Ambiente e Território (DRAT), Instituto Superior de Agronomia (ISA), Universidade de Lisboa (ULisboa), Lisbon, Portugal
| | - José N. Semedo
- Unidade de Geobiociências, Geoengenharias e Geotecnologias (GeoBioTec), Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia (FCT), Universidade NOVA de Lisboa (UNL), Caparica, Portugal
- Unid. Investigação em Biotecnologia e Recursos Genéticos, Instituto Nacional de Investigação Agrária e Veterinária, I.P. (INIAV), Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Isabel Marques
- PlantStress & Biodiversity Lab, Centro de Estudos Florestais (CEF), Dept. Recursos Naturais, Ambiente e Território (DRAT), Instituto Superior de Agronomia (ISA), Universidade de Lisboa (ULisboa), Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Weverton P. Rodrigues
- Setor Fisiologia Vegetal, Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Agropecuárias, Univ. Estadual Norte Fluminense (UENF), Darcy Ribeiro, Brazil
- Centro de Ciências Agrárias, Naturais e Letras, Universidade Estadual da Região Tocantina do Maranhão, Estreito, Brazil
| | - Duarte Gouveia
- Laboratoire Innovations technologiques pour la Détection et le Diagnostic (Li2D), Service de Pharmacologie et Immunoanalyse (SPI), CEA, INRA, Bagnols-sur-Cèze, France
| | - Jean Armengaud
- Laboratoire Innovations technologiques pour la Détection et le Diagnostic (Li2D), Service de Pharmacologie et Immunoanalyse (SPI), CEA, INRA, Bagnols-sur-Cèze, France
| | - Magda C. Semedo
- Unidade de Geobiociências, Geoengenharias e Geotecnologias (GeoBioTec), Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia (FCT), Universidade NOVA de Lisboa (UNL), Caparica, Portugal
- Área Departamental de Engenharia Química, Instituto Superior de Engenharia de Lisboa, Instituto Politécnico de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Sónia Martins
- Unidade de Geobiociências, Geoengenharias e Geotecnologias (GeoBioTec), Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia (FCT), Universidade NOVA de Lisboa (UNL), Caparica, Portugal
- Área Departamental de Engenharia Química, Instituto Superior de Engenharia de Lisboa, Instituto Politécnico de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Maria C. Simões-Costa
- PlantStress & Biodiversity Lab, Centro de Estudos Florestais (CEF), Dept. Recursos Naturais, Ambiente e Território (DRAT), Instituto Superior de Agronomia (ISA), Universidade de Lisboa (ULisboa), Lisbon, Portugal
| | - I. Moura
- PlantStress & Biodiversity Lab, Centro de Estudos Florestais (CEF), Dept. Recursos Naturais, Ambiente e Território (DRAT), Instituto Superior de Agronomia (ISA), Universidade de Lisboa (ULisboa), Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Isabel P. Pais
- Unidade de Geobiociências, Geoengenharias e Geotecnologias (GeoBioTec), Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia (FCT), Universidade NOVA de Lisboa (UNL), Caparica, Portugal
- Unid. Investigação em Biotecnologia e Recursos Genéticos, Instituto Nacional de Investigação Agrária e Veterinária, I.P. (INIAV), Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Paula Scotti-Campos
- Unidade de Geobiociências, Geoengenharias e Geotecnologias (GeoBioTec), Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia (FCT), Universidade NOVA de Lisboa (UNL), Caparica, Portugal
- Unid. Investigação em Biotecnologia e Recursos Genéticos, Instituto Nacional de Investigação Agrária e Veterinária, I.P. (INIAV), Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Fábio L. Partelli
- Centro Univ. Norte do Espírito Santo (CEUNES), Dept. Ciências Agrárias e Biológicas (DCAB), Univ. Federal Espírito Santo (UFES), São Mateus, Brazil
| | - Eliemar Campostrini
- Setor Fisiologia Vegetal, Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Agropecuárias, Univ. Estadual Norte Fluminense (UENF), Darcy Ribeiro, Brazil
| | - Ana I. Ribeiro-Barros
- PlantStress & Biodiversity Lab, Centro de Estudos Florestais (CEF), Dept. Recursos Naturais, Ambiente e Território (DRAT), Instituto Superior de Agronomia (ISA), Universidade de Lisboa (ULisboa), Lisbon, Portugal
- Unidade de Geobiociências, Geoengenharias e Geotecnologias (GeoBioTec), Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia (FCT), Universidade NOVA de Lisboa (UNL), Caparica, Portugal
| | - Fábio M. DaMatta
- Dept. Biologia Vegetal, Univ. Federal Viçosa (UFV), Viçosa, Brazil
| | - José C. Ramalho
- PlantStress & Biodiversity Lab, Centro de Estudos Florestais (CEF), Dept. Recursos Naturais, Ambiente e Território (DRAT), Instituto Superior de Agronomia (ISA), Universidade de Lisboa (ULisboa), Lisbon, Portugal
- Unidade de Geobiociências, Geoengenharias e Geotecnologias (GeoBioTec), Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia (FCT), Universidade NOVA de Lisboa (UNL), Caparica, Portugal
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Sruthilaxmi CB, Babu S. Proteome Responses to Individual Pathogens and Abiotic Conditions in Rice Seedlings. PHYTOPATHOLOGY 2020; 110:1326-1341. [PMID: 32175828 DOI: 10.1094/phyto-11-19-0425-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Rice plants under field conditions experience various biotic and abiotic stresses and are adapted to survive using a molecular cross-talk of genes and their protein products based on the severity of a given stress. Seedlings of cultivated variety ASD16 (resistant to fungal disease, blast; tolerant to abiotic stress, salinity) were subjected to salt, drought, high temperature and low temperature stress as well as infection by Rhizoctonia solani and Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (causing reemerging diseases such as sheath blight and leaf blight), respectively, the sheath blight and bacterial leaf blight pathogens. Leaf proteome was analyzed using two-dimensional electrophoresis and differentially expressed proteins were identified using mass spectrometry. In addition to many other differentially expressed proteins, acidic endochitinase was found to be upregulated during fungal infection and drought treatment, and a germin-like protein upregulated during fungal infection and high temperature stress. These two proteins were further validated at the gene expression level using reverse transcription-PCR in dual stress experiments. Pot culture plants were subjected to fungal infection followed by drought and drought followed by fungal infection to validate chitinase gene expression. Similarly, plants subjected to fungal infections followed by high temperature stress and vice versa were used to validate the expression of germin-like protein-coding gene. The results of the present study indicate that chitinase and germin-like protein are potential targets for further exploration to develop rice plants resistant or tolerant to biotic and abiotic stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Subramanian Babu
- VIT School of Agricultural Innovations and Advanced Learning, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore 632014, India
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Erofeeva EA. Estimating the frequency of hormesis and other non-monotonic responses in plants experiencing road traffic pollution in urban areas and experimental pollutant exposure. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2020; 192:460. [PMID: 32594326 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-020-08418-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2019] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Various plant traits are widely utilised to assess environment health. However, non-monotonic responses in plants (hormesis and non-hormetic ones) can induce an incorrect assessment of contamination level because they have maximums and/or minimums. Hence, an increase in the pollution level will not always be accompanied by plant index deteriorations. The frequencies of non-monotonic responses, especially non-hormetic responses, have been insufficiently studied for plant traits. This study analysed the frequencies of non-monotonic changes in plants experiencing urban chemical pollution (B. pendula, T. cordata and T. officinale) and with different pollutant exposures (heavy metals, herbicide glyphosate, formaldehyde and sodium chloride) in experiments (T. aestivum and P. sativum). In the city, we evaluated the traits in plants with the same ontogenetic stages on plots near roads with various traffic and similar abiotic conditions. In urban areas, non-monotonic responses were found in both woody (B. pendula and T. cordata) and herbaceous (T. officinale) species for most traits. Their frequencies corresponded to the proportion of monotonic responses (B. pendula) or were even higher (T. cordata and T. officinale). In studied trees, non-monotonic responses were more common in biochemical traits compared with non-biochemical ones. With experimental pollutant exposure, non-monotonic responses were obtained for most traits of both dicotyledonous (P. sativum) and monocotyledonous (T. aestivum) plants, and their frequency was significantly higher than for monotonic ones. Non-hormetic responses significantly prevailed among non-monotonic changes of plant indexes in the city and experiments. Thus, it is necessary to consider both hormesis and non-hormetic responses to assess correctly environmental quality using plant indexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena A Erofeeva
- Department of Ecology, Lobachevsky State University of Nizhni Novgorod, 23 Gagarina Pr, Nizhni Novgorod, Russian Federation, 603950.
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Lee K, Kang H. Roles of Organellar RNA-Binding Proteins in Plant Growth, Development, and Abiotic Stress Responses. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21124548. [PMID: 32604726 PMCID: PMC7352785 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21124548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Revised: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Organellar gene expression (OGE) in chloroplasts and mitochondria is primarily modulated at post-transcriptional levels, including RNA processing, intron splicing, RNA stability, editing, and translational control. Nucleus-encoded Chloroplast or Mitochondrial RNA-Binding Proteins (nCMRBPs) are key regulatory factors that are crucial for the fine-tuned regulation of post-transcriptional RNA metabolism in organelles. Although the functional roles of nCMRBPs have been studied in plants, their cellular and physiological functions remain largely unknown. Nevertheless, existing studies that have characterized the functions of nCMRBP families, such as chloroplast ribosome maturation and splicing domain (CRM) proteins, pentatricopeptide repeat (PPR) proteins, DEAD-Box RNA helicase (DBRH) proteins, and S1-domain containing proteins (SDPs), have begun to shed light on the role of nCMRBPs in plant growth, development, and stress responses. Here, we review the latest research developments regarding the functional roles of organellar RBPs in RNA metabolism during growth, development, and abiotic stress responses in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kwanuk Lee
- Plant Molecular Biology (Botany), Department of Biology I, Ludwig-Maximilians-University München, 82152 Martinsried, Germany
- Correspondence: (K.L.); (H.K.); Tel.: +49-157-8852-8990 (K.L.); +82-62-530-2181 (H.K.); Fax: +82-62-530-2079 (H.K.)
| | - Hunseung Kang
- Department of Applied Biology and AgriBio Institute of Climate Change Management, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea
- Correspondence: (K.L.); (H.K.); Tel.: +49-157-8852-8990 (K.L.); +82-62-530-2181 (H.K.); Fax: +82-62-530-2079 (H.K.)
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Riyazuddin R, Verma R, Singh K, Nisha N, Keisham M, Bhati KK, Kim ST, Gupta R. Ethylene: A Master Regulator of Salinity Stress Tolerance in Plants. Biomolecules 2020; 10:E959. [PMID: 32630474 PMCID: PMC7355584 DOI: 10.3390/biom10060959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2020] [Revised: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Salinity stress is one of the major threats to agricultural productivity across the globe. Research in the past three decades, therefore, has focused on analyzing the effects of salinity stress on the plants. Evidence gathered over the years supports the role of ethylene as a key regulator of salinity stress tolerance in plants. This gaseous plant hormone regulates many vital cellular processes starting from seed germination to photosynthesis for maintaining the plants' growth and yield under salinity stress. Ethylene modulates salinity stress responses largely via maintaining the homeostasis of Na+/K+, nutrients, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) by inducing antioxidant defense in addition to elevating the assimilation of nitrates and sulfates. Moreover, a cross-talk of ethylene signaling with other phytohormones has also been observed, which collectively regulate the salinity stress responses in plants. The present review provides a comprehensive update on the prospects of ethylene signaling and its cross-talk with other phytohormones to regulate salinity stress tolerance in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riyazuddin Riyazuddin
- Department of Plant Biology, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, Közép fasor 52, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary;
- Doctoral School in Biology, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Radhika Verma
- Department of Biotechnology, Visva-Bharati Central University, Santiniketan, West Bengal 731235, India;
| | - Kalpita Singh
- School of Biotechnology, Gautam Buddha University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh 201312, India;
| | - Nisha Nisha
- Department of Integrated Plant Protection, Plant Protection Institute, Faculty of Horticultural Sciences, Szent István University, Páter Károly utca 1, H-2100 Gödöllo, Hungary;
| | - Monika Keisham
- Department of Botany, University of Delhi, New Delhi 110007, India;
| | - Kaushal Kumar Bhati
- Louvain Institute of Biomolecular Science, Catholic University of Louvain, B-1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium;
| | - Sun Tae Kim
- Department of Plant Bioscience, Pusan National University, Miryang 50463, Korea
| | - Ravi Gupta
- Department of Botany, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard, Hamdard Nagar, New Delhi 110062, India
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Su L, Lv A, Wen W, Zhou P, An Y. Auxin Is Involved in Magnesium-Mediated Photoprotection in Photosystems of Alfalfa Seedlings Under Aluminum Stress. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:746. [PMID: 32582264 PMCID: PMC7286060 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.00746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2019] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of Mg and IAA on the photosystems of Al-stressed alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.). Alfalfa seedlings with or without apical buds were exposed to solutions fully mixed with 0 or 100 μM AlCl3 and 0 or 50 μM MgCl2 followed by foliar spray with water or IAA. Results from seedlings with apical buds showed that application of Mg and IAA either alone or combine greatly alleviated the Al-induced damage on photosystems. The values of photosynthetic rate (Pn), effective quantum yields [Y(I) and Y(II)] and electron transfer rates (ETRI and ETRII), proton motive force (pmf), cyclic electron flow (CEF), proton efflux rate (gH +), and activities of ATP synthase and PM H+-ATPase significantly increased, and proton gradient (ΔpH pmf ) between lumen and stroma decreased under Al stress. After removing apical buds of seedlings, the Y(I), Y(II), ETRI, ETRII, pmf, and gH + under exogenous spraying IAA significantly increased, and ΔpH pmf significantly decreased in Mg addition than Al treatment alone, but they were no significant difference under none spraying IAA. The interaction of Mg and IAA directly increased quantum yields and electron transfer rates, and decreased O2 - accumulation in Al-stressed seedlings with or without apical buds. These results suggest that IAA involves in Mg alleviation of Al-induced photosystem damage via increasing pmf and PM H+-ATPase activity, and decreasing ΔpH pmf .
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Affiliation(s)
- Liantai Su
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Aimin Lv
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wuwu Wen
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Peng Zhou
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuan An
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai, China
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Ruocco M, De Luca P, Marín-Guirao L, Procaccini G. Differential Leaf Age-Dependent Thermal Plasticity in the Keystone Seagrass Posidonia oceanica. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2019; 10:1556. [PMID: 31850036 PMCID: PMC6900526 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.01556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2019] [Accepted: 11/07/2019] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Introduction: Gene-expression patterns and their upstream regulatory mechanisms (e.g. epigenetic) are known to modulate plant acclimatability and thus tolerance to heat stress. Within species, thermal plasticity (i.e. temperature-sensitive phenotypic plasticity) and differential thermo-tolerance are recognized among different genotypes, development stages, organs or tissues. Leaf age and lifespan have been demonstrated to strongly affect photosynthetic thermo-tolerance in terrestrial species, whereas there is no information available for marine plants. Materials and Methods: Here, we investigated how an intense warming event affects molecular and photo-physiological functions in the large-sized seagrass Posidonia oceanica, at fine spatial resolution. Plants were exposed for one week at 34°C in a controlled-mesocosm system. Subsequent variations in the expression of 12 target genes and global DNA methylation level were evaluated in three leaf-age sections (i.e. basal, medium and high) established along the longitudinal axis of youngest, young and fully mature leaves of the shoot. Targeted genes were involved in photosynthesis, chlorophyll biosynthesis, energy dissipation mechanisms, stress response and programmed cell death. Molecular analyses paralleled the assessment of pigment content and photosynthetic performance of the same leaf segments, as well as of plant growth inhibition under acute warming. Results: Our data revealed, for the first time, the presence of variable leaf age-dependent stress-induced epigenetic and gene-expression changes in seagrasses, underlying photo-physiological and growth responses to heat stress. An investment in protective responses and growth arrest was observed in immature tissues; while mature leaf sections displayed a higher ability to offset gene down-regulation, possibly through the involvement of DNA methylation changes, although heat-induced damages were visible at photo-physiological level. Discussion: Overall, mature and young leaf tissues exhibited different strategies to withstand heat stress and thus a variable thermal plasticity. This should be taken in consideration when addressing seagrass response to warming and other stressors, especially in large-sized species, where sharp age differences are present within and among leaves, and other gradients of environmental factors (e.g. light) could be at play. Molecular and physiological evaluations conducted only on adult leaf tissues, as common practice in seagrass research, could give inadequate estimates of the overall plant state, and should not be considered as a proxy for the whole shoot.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Ruocco
- Integrative Marine Ecology Department, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Naples, Italy
| | - Pasquale De Luca
- Research Infrastructures for Marine Biological Resources Department, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Naples, Italy
| | - Lázaro Marín-Guirao
- Integrative Marine Ecology Department, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Naples, Italy
- Seagrass Ecology Group, Oceanographic Center of Murcia, Spanish Institute of Oceanography, San Pedro del Pinatar, Spain
| | - Gabriele Procaccini
- Integrative Marine Ecology Department, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Naples, Italy
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Application of two-dimensional gel electrophoresis technique for protein profiling of Indian black gram varieties and detection of adulteration in black gram-based food products using comparative proteomics. FOOD CHEMISTRY-X 2019; 3:100051. [PMID: 31517297 PMCID: PMC6732727 DOI: 10.1016/j.fochx.2019.100051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2019] [Revised: 07/25/2019] [Accepted: 08/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
In the present study, protein fingerprints from six novel Indian black gram varieties were obtained using 2D-GE. The results revealed the presence of thirteen well-resolved protein spots in all six varieties. Analysis of the fingerprints using PD Quest™ revealed differential protein expression. In addition, six proteins were found to be uniquely expressed in varieties PDKV Black Gold and TAU-1. Further, analysis of 2D patterns of black gram and potential adulterants such as refined wheat flour and white pea using PD Quest™ revealed the presence of proteins with MW 15.0 kDa, pI 4.89 (refined flour) and MW 21.5 kDa, pI 5.70 (white pea), which can be considered as biomarkers for their presence in black gram food products. The method was sensitive enough to detect adulteration at 5% level and could successfully detect the potential presence of refined flour in one of the black gram papad samples analysed during the study.
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Peharec Štefanić P, Jarnević M, Cvjetko P, Biba R, Šikić S, Tkalec M, Cindrić M, Letofsky-Papst I, Balen B. Comparative proteomic study of phytotoxic effects of silver nanoparticles and silver ions on tobacco plants. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:22529-22550. [PMID: 31161543 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-05552-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2019] [Accepted: 05/22/2019] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Widespread application of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), due to their antibacterial and antifungal properties, increases their release into the environment and potential detrimental impact on living organisms. Plants may serve as a potential pathway for AgNPs bioaccumulation and a route into the food chain, hence investigation of AgNP phytotoxic effects are of particular importance. Since proteins are directly involved in stress response, studies of their abundance changes can help elucidate the mechanism of the AgNP-mediated phytotoxicity. In this study, we investigated proteomic changes in tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) exposed to AgNPs and ionic silver (AgNO3). A high overlap of differently abundant proteins was found in root after exposure to both treatments, while in leaf, almost a half of the proteins exhibited different abundance level between treatments, indicating tissue-specific responses. Majority of the identified proteins were down-regulated in both tissues after exposure to either AgNPs or AgNO3; in roots, the most affected proteins were those involved in response to abiotic and biotic stimuli and oxidative stress, while in leaf, both treatments had the most prominent effect on photosynthesis-related proteins. However, since AgNPs induced higher suppression of protein abundance than AgNO3, we conclude that AgNP effects can, at least partially, be attributed to nanoparticle form.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petra Peharec Štefanić
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Horvatovac 102a, HR-10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Martina Jarnević
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Horvatovac 102a, HR-10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Petra Cvjetko
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Horvatovac 102a, HR-10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Renata Biba
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Horvatovac 102a, HR-10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Sandra Šikić
- Department of Ecology, Institute of Public Health "Dr. Andrija Štampar", Mirogojska cesta 16, HR-10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Mirta Tkalec
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Horvatovac 102a, HR-10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Mario Cindrić
- Ruđer Bošković Institute, POB 1016, HR-10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ilse Letofsky-Papst
- Institute of Electron Microscopy and Nanoanalysis (FELMI), Graz University of Technology, Graz Centre for Electron Microscopy (ZFE), Austrian Cooperative Research (ACR), Steyrergasse 17, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Biljana Balen
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Horvatovac 102a, HR-10000, Zagreb, Croatia.
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Araújo M, Ferreira de Oliveira JMP, Santos C, Moutinho-Pereira J, Correia C, Dias MC. Responses of olive plants exposed to different irrigation treatments in combination with heat shock: physiological and molecular mechanisms during exposure and recovery. PLANTA 2019; 249:1583-1598. [PMID: 30771046 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-019-03109-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2018] [Accepted: 02/08/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
A water-deficit period, leading to stomatal control and overexpression of protective proteins (sHSP and DHN), contributes to olive´s tolerance to later imposed stress episodes. Aquaporins modulation is important in olive recovery. Olive is traditionally cultivated in dry farming or in high water demanding irrigated orchards. The impact of climate change on these orchards remains to unveil, as heat and drought episodes are increasing in the Mediterranean region. To understand how young plants face such stress episodes, olive plants growing in pots were exposed to well-irrigated and non-irrigated treatments. Subsequently, plants from each treatment were either exposed to 40 °C for 2 h or remained under control temperature. After treatments, all plants were allowed to grow under well-irrigated conditions (recovery). Leaves were compared for photosynthesis, relative water content, mineral status, pigments, carbohydrates, cell membrane permeability, lipid peroxidation and expression of the protective proteins' dehydrin (OeDHN1), heat-shock proteins (OeHSP18.3), and aquaporins (OePIP1.1 and OePIP2.1). Non-irrigation, whilst increasing carbohydrates, reduced some photosynthetic parameters to values below the ones of the well-irrigated plants. However, when both groups of plants were exposed to heat, well-irrigated plants suffered more drastic decreases of net CO2 assimilation rate and chlorophyll b than non-irrigated plants. Overall, OeDHN1 and OeHSP18.3 expression, which was increased in non-irrigated treatment, was potentiated by heat, possibly to counteract the increase of lipid peroxidation and loss of membrane integrity. Plants recovered similarly from both irrigation and temperature treatments, and recovery was associated with increased aquaporin expression in plants exposed to one type of stress (drought or heat). These data represent an important contribution for further understanding how dry-farming olive will cope with drought and heat episodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Márcia Araújo
- Department of Life Science, Centre for Functional Ecology (CFE), University of Coimbra, Calçada Martim de Freitas, 3000-456, Coimbra, Portugal
- Integrated Biology and Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Rua Campo Alegre, 4169-007, Porto, Portugal
- Center for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, 5001-801, Vila Real, Portugal
| | - José Miguel P Ferreira de Oliveira
- LAQV, REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Conceição Santos
- Integrated Biology and Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Rua Campo Alegre, 4169-007, Porto, Portugal
- LAQV, REQUIMTE, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - José Moutinho-Pereira
- Center for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, 5001-801, Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Carlos Correia
- Center for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, 5001-801, Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Maria Celeste Dias
- Department of Life Science, Centre for Functional Ecology (CFE), University of Coimbra, Calçada Martim de Freitas, 3000-456, Coimbra, Portugal.
- QOPNA and Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal.
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Lin YJ, Yu XZ, Zhang Q. Transcriptome analysis of Oryza sativa in responses to different concentrations of thiocyanate. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:11696-11709. [PMID: 30806930 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-04544-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2018] [Accepted: 02/13/2019] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Effective concentrations of potassium thiocyanate (KSCN) to rice seedlings were experimentally determined using relative growth rate as a sensitive endpoint. Agilent 44-K rice microarray was used to profile the molecular responses of rice seedlings exposed to thiocyanate ion (SCN-) at three different effective concentrations (EC10, EC20, and EC50). A total of 18,498 known genes were collected from SCN-treated rice microarray analysis. Out of all, 1603, 1882, and 5085 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were observed at EC10, EC20, and EC50 concentrations, respectively. More upregulated/downregulated DEGs were detected in shoots than in roots after SCN- exposure. Gene functions and pathway enrichment analysis of DEGs indicated that different effective concentrations of SCN- resulted in multiple enriched GO categories and KEGG pathways and outcomes were quite tissue-specific. Different regulations and adaptations of gene expression in molecular function (MF), biological process (BP), and cellular components (CC) were observed in rice tissues at different effective concentrations of SCN-, suggesting their different responsive and adaptive strategies. Information collected here presents a detailed description of SCN-induced alternations of gene expression in rice seedlings and provide valuable information for further searching specific genes participating in transportation, phytotoxic responses, and detoxification of SCN- in rice seedlings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Juan Lin
- The Guangxi Key Laboratory of Theory and Technology for Environmental Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, 541004, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Zhang Yu
- The Guangxi Key Laboratory of Theory and Technology for Environmental Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, 541004, People's Republic of China.
| | - Qing Zhang
- The Guangxi Key Laboratory of Theory and Technology for Environmental Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, 541004, People's Republic of China
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Meta-Analysis of Salt Stress Transcriptome Responses in Different Rice Genotypes at the Seedling Stage. PLANTS 2019; 8:plants8030064. [PMID: 30871082 PMCID: PMC6473595 DOI: 10.3390/plants8030064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2019] [Revised: 02/28/2019] [Accepted: 03/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is one of the most important staple food crops worldwide, while its growth and productivity are threatened by various abiotic stresses, especially salt stress. Unraveling how rice adapts to salt stress at the transcription level is vital. It can provide valuable information on enhancing the salt stress tolerance performance of rice via genetic engineering technologies. Here, we conducted a meta-analysis of different rice genotypes at the seedling stage based on 96 public microarray datasets, aiming to identify the key salt-responsive genes and understand the molecular response mechanism of rice under salt stress. In total, 5559 genes were identified to be differentially expressed genes (DEGs) under salt stress, and 3210 DEGs were identified during the recovery process. The Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment results revealed that the salt-response mechanisms of shoots and roots were different. A close-knit signaling network, consisting of the Ca2+ signal transduction pathway, the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascade, multiple hormone signals, transcription factors (TFs), transcriptional regulators (TRs), protein kinases (PKs), and other crucial functional proteins, plays an essential role in rice salt stress response. In this study, many unreported salt-responsive genes were found. Besides this, MapMan results suggested that TNG67 can shift to the fermentation pathway to produce energy under salt stress and may enhance the Calvin cycle to repair a damaged photosystem during the recovery stage. Taken together, these findings provide novel insights into the salt stress molecular response and introduce numerous candidate genes for rice salt stress tolerance breeding.
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Cevik S, Akpinar G, Yildizli A, Kasap M, Karaosmanoglu K, Unyayar S. Comparative physiological and leaf proteome analysis between drought-tolerant chickpea Cicer reticulatum and drought-sensitive chickpea C. arietinum. J Biosci 2019; 44:20. [PMID: 30837371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Comparative physiological and proteomic analysis were performed to understand the stress responses of two chickpea species (C. reticulatum and C. arietinum) against drought. Our study revealed that drought stress reduced root length, leaf water content, and enhanced free proline content in both species. Effect of drought stress appeared to be greater in C. arietinum compared to C. reticulatum. A total of 24 differently expressed proteins were identified by using MALDI-TOF/ TOF-MS/MS in response to drought. The proteins involved in photosynthesis and energy mechanisms were up-regulated in C. reticulatum and down-regulated in C. arietinum under drought. Our results suggest that the photosynthesis capacity of C. reticulatum is greater than that of C. arietinum under drought stress. Abundance of proline and sucrose biosynthesis related proteins, glutamine synthetase and cyctosolic fructose-bisphosphate aldolase, respectively, also increased in C. reticulatum under drought stress. The findings of this proteome analysis will help in understanding the mechanism of drought resistance in chickpea and may be also helpful in developing drought-resistant transgenic plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sertan Cevik
- Vocational School of Mut, Mersin University, Mersin, Turkey,
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Comparative physiological and leaf proteome analysis between drought-tolerant chickpea Cicer reticulatum and drought-sensitive chickpea C. arietinum. J Biosci 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s12038-018-9836-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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Peng C, Chang L, Yang Q, Tong Z, Wang D, Tan Y, Sun Y, Yi X, Ding G, Xiao J, Zhang Y, Wang X. Comparative physiological and proteomic analyses of the chloroplasts in halophyte Sesuvium portulacastrum under differential salt conditions. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2019; 232:141-150. [PMID: 30537601 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2018.10.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2018] [Revised: 10/31/2018] [Accepted: 10/31/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Sesuvium portulacastrum, an important mangrove-associated true halophyte belongs to the family Aizoaceae, has excellent salt tolerance. Chloroplasts are the most sensitive organelles involved in the response to salinity. However, the regulation mechanism of chloroplasts of S. portulacastrum under salinity stress has not been reported. In this study, morphological and physiological analyses of leaves and comparative proteomics of chloroplasts isolated from the leaves of S. portulacastrum under different NaCl treatments were performed. Our results showed that the thickness of the palisade tissue, the leaf area, the maximum photochemical efficiency of photosystem II, and the electron transport rate increased remarkably after the plants were subjected to differential saline environments, indicating that salinity can increase photosynthetic efficiency and improve the growth of S. portulacastrum. Subsequently, 55 differentially expressed protein species (DEPs) from the chloroplasts of S. portulacastrum under differential salt conditions were positively identified by mass spectrometry. These DEPs were involved in multiple metabolic pathways, such as photosynthesis, carbon metabolism, ATP synthesis and the cell structure. Among these DEPs, the abundance of most proteins was induced by salt stress. Based on a combination of the morphological and physiological data, as well as the chloroplast proteome results, we speculated that S. portulacastrum can maintain photosynthetic efficiency and growth by maintaining the stability of the photosystem II complex, promoting the photochemical reaction rate, enhancing carbon fixation, developing plastoglobules, and preserving the biomembrane system of chloroplasts under salt stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cunzhi Peng
- Institute of Tropical Biosciences and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou Hainan 571101, China; College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory for Ecology of Tropical Islands, Ministry of Education, Hainan Normal University, Haikou, Hainan 571158, China
| | - Lili Chang
- Institute of Tropical Biosciences and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou Hainan 571101, China; College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory for Ecology of Tropical Islands, Ministry of Education, Hainan Normal University, Haikou, Hainan 571158, China
| | - Qian Yang
- Institute of Tropical Biosciences and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou Hainan 571101, China
| | - Zheng Tong
- Institute of Tropical Biosciences and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou Hainan 571101, China
| | - Dan Wang
- Institute of Tropical Biosciences and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou Hainan 571101, China
| | - Yanhua Tan
- Institute of Tropical Biosciences and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou Hainan 571101, China
| | - Yong Sun
- Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Danzhou Hainan 571737, China
| | - Xiaoping Yi
- Institute of Tropical Biosciences and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou Hainan 571101, China
| | - Guohua Ding
- College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory for Ecology of Tropical Islands, Ministry of Education, Hainan Normal University, Haikou, Hainan 571158, China
| | - Junhan Xiao
- College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory for Ecology of Tropical Islands, Ministry of Education, Hainan Normal University, Haikou, Hainan 571158, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory for Ecology of Tropical Islands, Ministry of Education, Hainan Normal University, Haikou, Hainan 571158, China
| | - Xuchu Wang
- Institute of Tropical Biosciences and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou Hainan 571101, China; College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory for Ecology of Tropical Islands, Ministry of Education, Hainan Normal University, Haikou, Hainan 571158, China.
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Budzinski IGF, de Moraes FE, Cataldi TR, Franceschini LM, Labate CA. Network Analyses and Data Integration of Proteomics and Metabolomics From Leaves of Two Contrasting Varieties of Sugarcane in Response to Drought. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2019; 10:1524. [PMID: 31850025 PMCID: PMC6892781 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.01524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2019] [Accepted: 11/01/2019] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Uncovering the molecular mechanisms involved in the responses of crops to drought is crucial to understand and enhance drought tolerance mechanisms. Sugarcane (Saccharum spp.) is an important commercial crop cultivated mainly in tropical and subtropical areas for sucrose and ethanol production. Usually, drought tolerance has been investigated by single omics analysis (e.g. global transcripts identification). Here we combine label-free quantitative proteomics and metabolomics data (GC-TOF-MS), using a network-based approach, to understand how two contrasting commercial varieties of sugarcane, CTC15 (tolerant) and SP90-3414 (susceptible), adjust their leaf metabolism in response to drought. To this aim, we propose the utilization of regularized canonical correlation analysis (rCCA), which is a modification of classical CCA, and explores the linear relationships between two datasets of quantitative variables from the same experimental units, with a threshold set to 0.99. Light curves revealed that after 4 days of drought, the susceptible variety had its photosynthetic capacity already significantly reduced, while the tolerant variety did not show major reduction. Upon 12 days of drought, photosynthesis in the susceptible plants was completely reduced, while the tolerant variety was at a third of its rate under control conditions. Network analysis of proteins and metabolites revealed that different biological process had a stronger impact in each variety (e.g. translation in CTC15, generation of precursor metabolites, response to stress and energy in SP90-3414). Our results provide a reference data set and demonstrate that rCCA can be a powerful tool to infer experimentally metabolite-protein or protein-metabolite associations to understand plant biology.
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A Specific Single Nucleotide Polymorphism in the ATP Synthase Gene Significantly Improves Environmental Stress Tolerance of Synechococcus elongatus PCC 7942. Appl Environ Microbiol 2018; 84:AEM.01222-18. [PMID: 30006407 DOI: 10.1128/aem.01222-18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2018] [Accepted: 07/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
In response to a broad range of habitats and environmental stresses, cyanobacteria have evolved various effective acclimation strategies, which will be helpful for improving the stress tolerances of photosynthetic organisms, including higher plants. Synechococcus elongatus UTEX 2973 and PCC 7942 possess genomes that are 99.8% identical but exhibit significant differences in cell growth and stress tolerance. In this study, we found that a single amino acid substitution at FoF1 ATP synthase subunit α (AtpA), C252Y, is the primary contributor to the improved stress tolerance of S. elongatus UTEX 2973. Site-saturation mutagenesis experiments showed that point mutations of cysteine 252 to any of the four conjugated amino acids could significantly improve the stress tolerance of S. elongatus PCC 7942. We further confirmed that the C252Y mutation increases AtpA protein levels, intracellular ATP synthase activity, intracellular ATP abundance, transcription of psbA genes (especially psbA2), photosystem II activity, and glycogen accumulation in S. elongatus PCC 7942. This work highlights the importance of AtpA in improving the stress tolerance of cyanobacteria and provides insight into how cyanobacteria evolve via point mutations in the face of environmental selection pressures.IMPORTANCE Two closely related Synechococcus strains showed significantly different tolerances to high light and high temperature but limited genomic differences, providing us opportunities to identify key genes responsible for stress acclimation by a gene complementation approach. In this study, we confirmed that a single point mutation in the α subunit of FoF1 ATP synthase (AtpA) contributes mainly to the improved stress tolerance of Synechococcus elongatus UTEX 2973. The point mutation of AtpA, the important ATP-generating complex of photosynthesis, increases AtpA protein levels, intracellular ATP synthase activity, and ATP concentrations under heat stress, as well as photosystem II activity. This work proves the importance of ATP synthase in cyanobacterial stress acclimation and provides a good target for future improvement of cyanobacterial stress tolerance by metabolic engineering.
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