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Zhang X, Zhang D, Huo L, Zhou X, Zhang J, Li M, Su D, Sun P, Chen F, Liang X. Upregulation of α-ENaC induces pancreatic β-cell dysfunction, ER stress, and SIRT2 degradation. J Biomed Res 2024; 38:241-255. [PMID: 38769731 PMCID: PMC11144933 DOI: 10.7555/jbr.37.20230128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 11/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Islet beta cells (β-cells) produce insulin in response to high blood glucose levels, which is essential for preserving glucose homeostasis. Voltage-gated ion channels in β-cells, including Na +, K +, and Ca 2+ channels, aid in the release of insulin. The epithelial sodium channel alpha subunit (α-ENaC), a voltage-independent sodium ion channel, is also expressed in human pancreatic endocrine cells. However, there is no reported study on the function of ENaC in the β-cells. In the current study, we found that α-ENaC was expressed in human pancreatic glandule and pancreatic islet β-cells. In the pancreas of db/db mice and high-fat diet-induced mice, and in mouse islet β-cells (MIN6 cells) treated with palmitate, α-ENaC expression was increased. When α-ENaC was overexpressed in MIN6 cells, insulin content and glucose-induced insulin secretion were significantly reduced. On the other hand, palmitate injured islet β-cells and suppressed insulin synthesis and secretion, but increased α-ENaC expression in MIN6 cells. However, α-ENaC knockout ( Scnn1a -/-) in MIN6 cells attenuated β-cell disorder induced by palmitate. Furthermore, α-ENaC regulated the ubiquitylation and degradation of sirtuin 2 in β-cells. α-ENaC also modulated β-cell function in correlation with the inositol-requiring enzyme 1 alpha/X-box binding protein 1 (IRE1α/XBP1) and protein kinase RNA-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase/C/EBP homologous protein (PERK/CHOP) endoplasmic reticulum stress pathways. These results suggest that α-ENaC may play a novel role in insulin synthesis and secretion in the β-cells, and the upregulation of α-ENaC promotes islet β-cell dysfunction. In conclusion, α-ENaC may be a key regulator involved in islet β-cell damage and a potential therapeutic target for type 2 diabetes mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Zhang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
- Department of Pathology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China
| | - Dan Zhang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
- Department of Pathology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China
| | - Lei Huo
- Department of Pathophysiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
| | - Xin Zhou
- Department of Pathophysiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
| | - Jia Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
| | - Min Li
- Department of Pathology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
| | - Dongming Su
- Department of Pathology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
| | - Peng Sun
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
| | - Fang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
| | - Xiubin Liang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
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Liu W, Zhu M, Liu J, Su S, Zeng X, Fu F, Lu Y, Rao Z, Chen Y. Comparison of the effects of monounsaturated fatty acids and polyunsaturated fatty acids on the lipotoxicity of islets. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 15:1368853. [PMID: 38501107 PMCID: PMC10945794 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1368853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs) and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) have been reported to combat saturated fatty acid (SFA)-induced cellular damage, however, their clinical effects on patients with metabolic diseases such as diabetes and hyperlipidemia are still controversial. Since comparative studies of the effects of these two types of unsaturated fatty acids (UFAs) are still limited. In this study, we aimed to compare the protective effects of various UFAs on pancreatic islets under the stress of SFA-induced metabolic disorder and lipotoxicity. Methods Rat insulinoma cell line INS-1E were treated with palmitic acid (PA) with or without UFAs including eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), arachidonic acid (AA), and oleic acid (OA) to determine cell viability, apoptosis, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, and inflammatory. In vivo, male C57BL/6 mice were fed a 60% high-fat diet (HFD) for 12 w. Then the lard in HFD was partially replaced with fish oil (FO) and olive oil (OO) at low or high proportions of energy (5% or 20%) to observe the ameliorative effects of the UFA supplement. Results All UFAs significantly improved PA-induced cell viability impairment in INS-1E cells, and their alleviation on PA induced apoptosis, ER stress and inflammation were confirmed. Particularly, OA had better effects than EPA, DHA, and AA on attenuating cellular ER stress. In vivo, the diets with a low proportion of UFAs (5% of energy) had limited effects on HFD induced metabolic disorder, except for a slight improved intraperitoneal glucose tolerance in obese mice. However, when fed diets containing a high proportion of UFAs (20% of energy), both the FO and OO groups exhibited substantially improved glucose and lipid metabolism, such as decrease in total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), fasting blood glucose (FBG), and fasting blood insulin (FBI)) and improvement of insulin sensitivity evidenced by intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test (IPGTT) and intraperitoneal insulin tolerance test (IPITT). Unexpectedly, FO resulted in abnormal elevation of the liver function index aspartate aminotransferase (AST) in serum. Pathologically, OO attenuated HFD-induced compensatory hyperplasia of pancreatic islets, while this effect was not obvious in the FO group. Conclusions Both MUFAs and PUFAs can effectively protect islet β cells from SFA-induced cellular lipotoxicity. In particular, both OA in vitro and OO in vivo showed superior activities on protecting islets function and enhance insulin sensitivity, suggesting that MUFAs might have greater potential for nutritional intervention on diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Liu
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, Regenerative Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Min Zhu
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, Regenerative Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jingyi Liu
- Institutes for Systems Genetics, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Shan Su
- Institutes for Systems Genetics, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xin Zeng
- Institutes for Systems Genetics, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Fudong Fu
- Institutes for Systems Genetics, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yanrong Lu
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, Regenerative Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhiyong Rao
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Younan Chen
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, Regenerative Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Institutes for Systems Genetics, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Cho SC, Shaw SY. Tea seed saponin‑reduced extract ameliorates palmitic acid‑induced insulin resistance in HepG2 cells. Mol Med Rep 2024; 29:26. [PMID: 38099345 PMCID: PMC10784731 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2023.13149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Tea (Camellia sinensis) seed cake is a potential resource that contains a wealth of bioactive compounds. However, the high toxicity of tea saponins in tea seed cake restricts its applications. The present study aimed to i) develop a method of extracting bioactive compounds and reducing tea saponins during the process of tea seed cake extraction and ii) investigate the anti‑insulin resistance effect of tea seed saponin‑reduced extract (TSSRE) in a palmitic acid (PA)‑induced insulin resistance HepG2‑cell model. The concentration of tea saponins in TSSRE was ~10‑fold lower than that in tea seed crude extract (TSCE) after the saponin‑reduction process. In addition, TSSRE cytotoxicity was significantly lower than that of TSCE in HepG2 cells. TSSRE treatment improved glucose consumption as well as glucose transporter (GLUT) 2 and GLUT4 expression levels in PA‑stimulated HepG2 cells. Moreover, TSSRE enhanced the phosphorylation of the insulin receptor substrate 1/protein kinase B/forkhead box protein O1/glycogen synthase kinase 3β and inhibited the elevated expression of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase in PA‑exposed HepG2 cells. The effect of TSSRE on the mediation of the insulin signaling pathway was attributed to the inhibition of PA‑induced mitogen‑activated protein kinase activation. The findings of the present study indicated that TSSRE ameliorates hepatic insulin resistance by ameliorating insulin signaling and inhibiting inflammation-related pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Chi Cho
- Department of Chemistry, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Shyh-Yu Shaw
- Department of Chemistry, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan, R.O.C
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Susanti N, Mustika A, Khotib J. Clinacanthus nutans leaf extract reduces pancreatic β-cell apoptosis by inhibiting JNK activation and modulating oxidative stress and inflammation in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Open Vet J 2024; 14:730-737. [PMID: 38549571 PMCID: PMC10970118 DOI: 10.5455/ovj.2024.v14.i2.13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Controlling apoptosis induced by oxidative stress in pancreatic β-cells provides promising strategies for preventing and treating diabetes. Clinacanthus nutans leaves possess bioactive constituents with potential antioxidant and anti-diabetic properties. Aim This study aimed to investigate the molecular mechanisms by which C. nutans extract protects pancreatic β-cells from apoptotic damage in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. Methods Diabetes was induced in male Wistar rats by intraperitoneal injection of 45 mg/kg STZ, followed by 28 days of treatment with C. nutans leaf extract and Glibenclamide as the standard drug. At the end of the study, blood samples were collected to measure glucose levels, oxidative stress markers, and inflammation. Pancreatic tissue was stained immunohistochemically to detect c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and Caspase-3 expression. Results The administration of C. nutans leaf extract to diabetic rats significantly reduced fasting blood glucose, malondialdehyde, and tumor necrosis factor-α levels, while concurrently enhancing the activity of superoxide dismutase. The immunohistochemical studies revealed a decrease in the expression of JNK and caspase-3 in the pancreatic islets of diabetic rats. Conclusion Clinacanthus nutans exhibits the potential to protect pancreatic β-cells from apoptosis by suppressing oxidative stress and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nurlaili Susanti
- Doctoral Program of Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, Maulana Malik Ibrahim State Islamic University, Malang, Indonesia
| | - Arifa Mustika
- Department of Anatomy, Histology, and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Junaidi Khotib
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
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Tarfeen N, Nisa KU, Ahmad MB, Waza AA, Ganai BA. Metabolic and Genetic Association of Vitamin D with Calcium Signaling and Insulin Resistance. Indian J Clin Biochem 2023; 38:407-417. [PMID: 37746541 PMCID: PMC10516840 DOI: 10.1007/s12291-022-01105-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Various evidences have unveiled the significance of Vitamin D in diverse processes which include its action in prevention of immune dysfunction, cancer and cardiometabolic disorders. Studies have confirmed the function of VD in controlling the expression of approximately nine hundred genes including gene expression of insulin. VD insufficiency may be linked with the pathogenesis of diseases that are associated with insulin resistance (IR) including diabetes as well as obesity. Thus, VD lowers IR-related disorders such as inflammation and oxidative stress. This review provides an insight regarding the molecular mechanism manifesting, how insufficiency of VD may be connected with the IR and diabetes. It also discusses the effect of VD in maintaining the Ca2+ levels in beta cells of the pancreas and in the tissues that are responsive to insulin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Najeebul Tarfeen
- Centre of Research for Development, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, India
| | - Khair Ul Nisa
- Department of Environmental Science, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, India
| | - Mir Bilal Ahmad
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, India
| | - Ajaz Ahmad Waza
- Multidisciplinary Research Unit (MRU), Government Medical Collage (GMC) Srinagar, Srinagar, J & K 190010 India
| | - Bashir Ahmad Ganai
- Centre of Research for Development, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, India
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Zhu Q, Luo Y, Wen Y, Wang D, Li J, Fan Z. Semaglutide inhibits ischemia/reperfusion-induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis through activating PKG/PKCε/ERK1/2 pathway. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2023; 647:1-8. [PMID: 36706596 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2023.01.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Apoptosis is a major pathophysiological change following myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. Glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) and its receptor GLP-1R are widely expressed in the cardiovascular system and GLP-1/GLP-1R activates the protein kinase G (PKG)-related signaling pathway. Therefore, this study tested whether semaglutide, a new GLP-1 analog, inhibits I/R injury-induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis by activating the PKG/PKCε/ERK1/2 pathway. We induced myocardial I/R injury in rats and hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) injury in H9C2 cells and detected the effects of semaglutide, a PKG analog (8-Br-cGMP), and a PKG inhibitor (KT-5823) on the PKG/PKCε/ERK1/2 pathway and cardiomyocyte apoptosis. We found that semaglutide upregulated GLP-1R levels, and both semaglutide and 8-Br-cGMP activated the PKG/PKCε/ERK1/2 pathway, inhibited myocardial infarction (MI), decreased hs-cTNT levels, increased NT-proBNP levels, and suppressed cardiomyocyte apoptosis in I/R rats and H/R H9C2 cells. However, KT-5823 exerted contrasting effects with semaglutide and 8-Br-cGMP, and KT-5823 weakened the cardioprotective effects of semaglutide. In conclusion, semaglutide inhibits I/R injury-induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis by activating the PKG/PKCε/ERK1/2 pathway. The beneficial effect of GLP-1/GLP-1R, involved in the activation of the PKG/PKCε/ERK1/2 pathway, may provide a novel treatment method for myocardial I/R injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuxia Zhu
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Number 25, Taiping Street. Jiangyang District, 400042, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Yong Luo
- Department of Cardiology, Chongqing University Jiangjin Hospital, School of Medicine, Chongqing University, Number 725, Jiangzhou Avenue, Jiangjin District, 402260, Chongqing, China
| | - Yuetao Wen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Chongqing University Jiangjin Hospital, School of Medicine, Chongqing University, Number 725, Jiangzhou Avenue, Jiangjin District, 402260, Chongqing, China
| | - Ding Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Number 25, Taiping Street. Jiangyang District, 400042, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Number 25, Taiping Street. Jiangyang District, 400042, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhongcai Fan
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Number 25, Taiping Street. Jiangyang District, 400042, Luzhou, Sichuan, China.
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Lin X, Cheng L, Wan Y, Yan Y, Zhang Z, Li X, Wu J, Wang X, Xu M. Ang II Controls the Expression of Mapkap1 by miR-375 and Affects the Function of Islet β Cells. Endocr Metab Immune Disord Drug Targets 2023; 23:1186-1200. [PMID: 36748222 PMCID: PMC10514520 DOI: 10.2174/1871530323666230206121715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The RAS system is involved in the regulation of islet function, but its regulation remains unclear. OBJECTIVE This study investigates the role of an islet-specific miR-375 in the effect of RAS system on islet β-cells. METHODS miR-375 mimics and inhibitors were transfected into insulin-secreting MIN6 cells in the presence or absence of RAS component. RESULTS Compared to control, in Ang II-treated MIN6 cells, miR-375 mimic transfection results in a decrement in cell viability and Akt-Ser levels (0.739±0.05 vs. 0.883±0.06 and 0.40±0.04 vs. 0.79±0.04, respectively), while the opposite occurred in miR-375 inhibitor-transfected cells (1.032±0.11 vs. 0.883±0.06 and 0.98±0.05 vs. 0.79±0.04, respectively, P<0.05). Mechanistically, transfection of miR- 375 mimics into Ang II-treated MIN6 cells significantly reduced the expression of Mapkap1 protein (0.97±0.15 vs. 0.63±0.06, P<0.05); while miR-375 inhibitor-transfected cells elevated Mapkap1 expression level (0.35±0.11 vs. 0.90±0.05, P<0.05), without changes in mRNA expression. Transfection of miR-375 specific inhibitors TSB-Mapkap1 could elevate Mapkap1 (1.62±0.02 vs. 0.68±0.01, P<0.05), while inhibition of Mapkap1 could significantly reduce the level of Akt-Ser473 phosphorylation (0.60±0.14 vs. 1.80±0.27, P<0.05). CONCLUSION The effects of Ang II on mouse islet β cells were mediated by miR-375 through miR- 375/Mapkap 1 axis. This targeted regulation may occur by affecting Akt phosphorylation of β cells. These results may provide new ideas and a scientific basis for further development of miRNA-targeted islet protection measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuhong Lin
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, No. 107 Yanjiangxi Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510120, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lin Cheng
- Department of Endocrinology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, No. 107 Yanjiangxi Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510120, People’s Republic of China, China
| | - Yan Wan
- Department of Endocrinology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, No. 107 Yanjiangxi Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510120, People’s Republic of China, China
| | - Yuerong Yan
- Department of Endocrinology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, No. 107 Yanjiangxi Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510120, People’s Republic of China, China
| | - Zhuo Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, No. 107 Yanjiangxi Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510120, People’s Republic of China, China
| | - Xiaohui Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, No. 107 Yanjiangxi Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510120, People’s Republic of China, China
| | - Jiayun Wu
- Department of Endocrinology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, No. 107 Yanjiangxi Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510120, People’s Republic of China, China
| | - Xiaoyi Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, No. 107 Yanjiangxi Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510120, People’s Republic of China, China
| | - Mingtong Xu
- Department of Endocrinology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, No. 107 Yanjiangxi Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510120, People’s Republic of China, China
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Hao Y, Qu L, Guo Y, Ma L, Guo M, Zhu Y, Jin Y, Gu Q, Zhang Y, Sun W. Association of pre-pregnancy low-carbohydrate diet with maternal oral glucose tolerance test levels in gestational diabetes. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2022; 22:734. [PMID: 36162989 PMCID: PMC9511732 DOI: 10.1186/s12884-022-05059-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Limited evidence exists on the correlation between the pre-pregnancy low-carbohydrate (LC) diet and maternal oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) levels during pregnancy. Our aim was to compare the differences in maternal OGTT levels among women who had been diagnosed with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) during pregnancy and adopted different dietary patterns in the pre-pregnancy period. Methods A case–control study was conducted in 20 women with GDM who adhering to an LC diet (carbohydrate intake < 130 g/d) during pre-conception (LC/GDM,cases). Control subjects, who were matched in a 4:1 ratio, were 80 women with GDM and conventional diet (Con/GDM,control), and 80 women with conventional diet but without GDM (Con/Healthy,control). Women diagnosed with GDM using 75-g OGTT between 24 and 28 weeks of gestation. We used unadjusted raw data to compare the dietary composition data and biomarkers of the three study groups. Results The average pre-conception BMI in each group suggested a similar body size from the three study groups(19.12 ± 2.00 LC/GDM, 19.65 ± 2.32 Con/GDM, 19.53 ± 2.30 Con/Healthy; P = 0.647). Compared with the Con/GDM group, the OGTT-1 h and OGTT-2 h values in LC/GDM group were significantly higher (10.36 ± 1.28 mmol/L vs. 9.75 ± 0.98 mmol/L; 9.12 ± 0.98 mmol/L vs. 8.29 ± 1.06 mmol/L). Furthermore, the percentage of women who had more than one abnormal OGTT value (OGTT-1 h and OGTT-2 h) was 40% in the LC/GDM group, which was significantly higher than in the Con/GDM group (16.3%). Conclusions We observed a relationship between the pre-pregnancy LC diet and more detrimental OGTT values in patients with GDM. This finding warrants further studies to understand the effect of pre-pregnancy LC diet practice on maternal glucose tolerance. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12884-022-05059-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhui Hao
- International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 910 Hengshan Road, 200030, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Lei Qu
- International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 910 Hengshan Road, 200030, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuna Guo
- International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 910 Hengshan Road, 200030, Shanghai, China
| | - Liying Ma
- International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 910 Hengshan Road, 200030, Shanghai, China
| | - Muhe Guo
- Department of Nutrition, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Yiqing Zhu
- International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 910 Hengshan Road, 200030, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Jin
- International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 910 Hengshan Road, 200030, Shanghai, China
| | - Qin Gu
- International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 910 Hengshan Road, 200030, Shanghai, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 910 Hengshan Road, 200030, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenguang Sun
- International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 910 Hengshan Road, 200030, Shanghai, China.
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Wang B, Zhang W, Chen C, Chen Y, Xia F, Wang N, Lu Y. Lead exposure and impaired glucose homeostasis in Chinese adults: A repeated measures study with 5 years of follow-up. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2022; 243:113953. [PMID: 35961200 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.113953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Revised: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Experimental studies suggest the diabetogenic effects of lead, but relevant data in humans are limited and have been primarily based on cross-sectional study design. We aimed to prospectively examine the association between lead exposure and glucose homeostasis in general population using repeated measurements. This cohort study included 5505 Chinese adults free of glucose-lowering medication use at baseline in 2014 and followed up 5 years later. Blood lead and glucose metabolic traits including fasting plasma glucose (FPG), fasting serum insulin, the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), and HOMA of beta-cell function (HOMA-B) were measured at baseline and follow-up. Linear mixed models and linear regression models were performed to evaluate the associations between blood lead and markers of glucose homeostasis. After full adjustment for confounders including BMI, an interquartile range (IQR) increase in blood lead levels was associated with a 2.26 % increase in FPG (95 % CI: 0.16 %, 4.39 %) and an 11.3 % decrease in HOMA-B (95 % CI: - 19.1 %, - 2.71 %) in women. The odds ratios of hyperglycemia and beta-cell dysfunction corresponding to an IQR increase in blood lead levels were 1.39 (95 % CI: 0.99, 1.95) and 1.74 (95 % CI: 1.00, 3.03), respectively. Similar results were found for 5-year changes of glucose metabolic markers. Compared with the first quartile of baseline lead levels, the highest lead quartile was associated with an additional 3.03 % increase in FPG (95 % CI: 0.84 %, 5.26 %) and an additional 13.3 % decrease in HOMA-B (95 % CI: - 20.4 %, - 5.53 %) in women during follow-up. We observed no overall associations between blood lead levels and glucose metabolic markers in men. Our findings provide suggestive evidence that environmental exposure to lead might contribute to sex-dependent disruption of glucose homeostasis in general adult population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Wang
- Institute and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wen Zhang
- Institute and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Chi Chen
- Institute and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Chen
- Institute and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Fangzhen Xia
- Institute and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ningjian Wang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huangpu Branch, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Yingli Lu
- Institute and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huangpu Branch, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
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10
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Wang X, Tang L, Ping W, Su Q, Ouyang S, Su J. Progress in Research on the Alleviation of Glucose Metabolism Disorders in Type 2 Diabetes Using Cyclocarya paliurus. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14153169. [PMID: 35956345 PMCID: PMC9370411 DOI: 10.3390/nu14153169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Revised: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Globally, the incidence of diabetes is increasing annually, and China has the largest number of patients with diabetes. Patients with type 2 diabetes need lifelong medication, with severe cases requiring surgery. Diabetes treatment may cause complications, side-effects, and postoperative sequelae that could lead to adverse health problems and significant social and economic burdens; thus, more efficient hypoglycemic drugs have become a research hotspot. Glucose metabolism disorders can promote diabetes, a systemic metabolic disease that impairs the function of other organs, including the heart, liver, and kidneys. Cyclocarya paliurus leaves have gathered increasing interest among researchers because of their effectiveness in ameliorating glucose metabolism disorders. At present, various compounds have been isolated from C. paliurus, and the main active components include polysaccharides, triterpenes, flavonoids, and phenolic acids. C. paliurus mainly ameliorates glucose metabolism disorders by reducing glucose uptake, regulating blood lipid levels, regulating the insulin signaling pathway, reducing β-cell apoptosis, increasing insulin synthesis and secretion, regulating abundances of intestinal microorganisms, and exhibiting α-glucosidase inhibitor activity. In this paper, the mechanism of glucose metabolism regulation by C. paliurus was reviewed to provide a reference to prevent and treat diabetes, hyperlipidaemia, obesity, and other metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Songying Ouyang
- Correspondence: (S.O.); (J.S.); Tel./Fax: +86-0591-22868199 (S.O.); +86-0591-22868830 (J.S.)
| | - Jingqian Su
- Correspondence: (S.O.); (J.S.); Tel./Fax: +86-0591-22868199 (S.O.); +86-0591-22868830 (J.S.)
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11
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MicroRNA Sequences Modulated by Beta Cell Lipid Metabolism: Implications for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. BIOLOGY 2021; 10:biology10060534. [PMID: 34203703 PMCID: PMC8232095 DOI: 10.3390/biology10060534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2021] [Revised: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Alterations in lipid metabolism within beta cells and islets contributes to dysfunction and apoptosis of beta cells, leading to loss of insulin secretion and the onset of type 2 diabetes. Over the last decade, there has been an explosion of interest in understanding the landscape of gene expression which influences beta cell function, including the importance of small non-coding microRNA sequences in this context. This review sought to identify the microRNA sequences regulated by metabolic challenges in beta cells and islets, their targets, highlight their function and assess their possible relevance as biomarkers of disease progression in diabetic individuals. Predictive analysis was used to explore networks of genes targeted by these microRNA sequences, which may offer new therapeutic strategies to protect beta cell function and delay the onset of type 2 diabetes.
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12
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Amorim R, Simões ICM, Veloso C, Carvalho A, Simões RF, Pereira FB, Thiel T, Normann A, Morais C, Jurado AS, Wieckowski MR, Teixeira J, Oliveira PJ. Exploratory Data Analysis of Cell and Mitochondrial High-Fat, High-Sugar Toxicity on Human HepG2 Cells. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13051723. [PMID: 34069635 PMCID: PMC8161147 DOI: 10.3390/nu13051723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Revised: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), one of the deleterious stages of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, remains a significant cause of liver-related morbidity and mortality worldwide. In the current work, we used an exploratory data analysis to investigate time-dependent cellular and mitochondrial effects of different supra-physiological fatty acids (FA) overload strategies, in the presence or absence of fructose (F), on human hepatoma-derived HepG2 cells. We measured intracellular neutral lipid content and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, mitochondrial respiration and morphology, and caspases activity and cell death. FA-treatments induced a time-dependent increase in neutral lipid content, which was paralleled by an increase in ROS. Fructose, by itself, did not increase intracellular lipid content nor aggravated the effects of palmitic acid (PA) or free fatty acids mixture (FFA), although it led to an up-expression of hepatic fructokinase. Instead, F decreased mitochondrial phospholipid content, as well as OXPHOS subunits levels. Increased lipid accumulation and ROS in FA-treatments preceded mitochondrial dysfunction, comprising altered mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) and morphology, and decreased oxygen consumption rates, especially with PA. Consequently, supra-physiological PA alone or combined with F prompted the activation of caspase pathways leading to a time-dependent decrease in cell viability. Exploratory data analysis methods support this conclusion by clearly identifying the effects of FA treatments. In fact, unsupervised learning algorithms created homogeneous and cohesive clusters, with a clear separation between PA and FFA treated samples to identify a minimal subset of critical mitochondrial markers in order to attain a feasible model to predict cell death in NAFLD or for high throughput screening of possible therapeutic agents, with particular focus in measuring mitochondrial function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo Amorim
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, CIBB-Centre for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, UC-Biotech, Biocant Park, 3060-197 Cantanhede, Portugal; (R.A.); (C.V.); (A.C.); (R.F.S.); (J.T.)
- CIQUP/Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
- PhD Programme in Experimental Biology and Biomedicine (PDBEB), Institute for Interdisciplinary Research (IIIUC), University of Coimbra, 3004-531 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Inês C. M. Simões
- Laboratory of Mitochondrial Biology and Metabolism, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology of Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland; (I.C.M.S.); (M.R.W.)
| | - Caroline Veloso
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, CIBB-Centre for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, UC-Biotech, Biocant Park, 3060-197 Cantanhede, Portugal; (R.A.); (C.V.); (A.C.); (R.F.S.); (J.T.)
| | - Adriana Carvalho
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, CIBB-Centre for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, UC-Biotech, Biocant Park, 3060-197 Cantanhede, Portugal; (R.A.); (C.V.); (A.C.); (R.F.S.); (J.T.)
- PhD Programme in Experimental Biology and Biomedicine (PDBEB), Institute for Interdisciplinary Research (IIIUC), University of Coimbra, 3004-531 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Rui F. Simões
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, CIBB-Centre for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, UC-Biotech, Biocant Park, 3060-197 Cantanhede, Portugal; (R.A.); (C.V.); (A.C.); (R.F.S.); (J.T.)
- PhD Programme in Experimental Biology and Biomedicine (PDBEB), Institute for Interdisciplinary Research (IIIUC), University of Coimbra, 3004-531 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Francisco B. Pereira
- Center for Informatics and Systems, University of Coimbra, Polo II, Pinhal de Marrocos, 3030-290 Coimbra, Portugal;
- Coimbra Polytechnic-ISEC, 3030-190 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Theresa Thiel
- Mediagnostic, D-72770 Reutlingen, Germany; (T.T.); (A.N.)
| | - Andrea Normann
- Mediagnostic, D-72770 Reutlingen, Germany; (T.T.); (A.N.)
| | - Catarina Morais
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Calçada Martim de Freitas, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal; (C.M.); (A.S.J.)
| | - Amália S. Jurado
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Calçada Martim de Freitas, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal; (C.M.); (A.S.J.)
| | - Mariusz R. Wieckowski
- Laboratory of Mitochondrial Biology and Metabolism, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology of Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland; (I.C.M.S.); (M.R.W.)
| | - José Teixeira
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, CIBB-Centre for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, UC-Biotech, Biocant Park, 3060-197 Cantanhede, Portugal; (R.A.); (C.V.); (A.C.); (R.F.S.); (J.T.)
- CIQUP/Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
| | - Paulo J. Oliveira
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, CIBB-Centre for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, UC-Biotech, Biocant Park, 3060-197 Cantanhede, Portugal; (R.A.); (C.V.); (A.C.); (R.F.S.); (J.T.)
- Correspondence:
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13
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Šrámek J, Němcová-Fürstová V, Kovář J. Molecular Mechanisms of Apoptosis Induction and Its Regulation by Fatty Acids in Pancreatic β-Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:4285. [PMID: 33924206 PMCID: PMC8074590 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22084285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Revised: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic β-cell failure and death contribute significantly to the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes. One of the main factors responsible for β-cell dysfunction and subsequent cell death is chronic exposure to increased concentrations of FAs (fatty acids). The effect of FAs seems to depend particularly on the degree of their saturation. Saturated FAs induce apoptosis in pancreatic β-cells, whereas unsaturated FAs are well tolerated and are even capable of inhibiting the pro-apoptotic effect of saturated FAs. Molecular mechanisms of apoptosis induction by saturated FAs in β-cells are not completely elucidated. Saturated FAs induce ER stress, which in turn leads to activation of all ER stress pathways. When ER stress is severe or prolonged, apoptosis is induced. The main mediator seems to be the CHOP transcription factor. Via regulation of expression/activity of pro- and anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 family members, and potentially also through the increase in ROS production, CHOP switches on the mitochondrial pathway of apoptosis induction. ER stress signalling also possibly leads to autophagy signalling, which may activate caspase-8. Saturated FAs activate or inhibit various signalling pathways, i.e., p38 MAPK signalling, ERK signalling, ceramide signalling, Akt signalling and PKCδ signalling. This may lead to the activation of the mitochondrial pathway of apoptosis, as well. Particularly, the inhibition of the pro-survival Akt signalling seems to play an important role. This inhibition may be mediated by multiple pathways (e.g., ER stress signalling, PKCδ and ceramide) and could also consequence in autophagy signalling. Experimental evidence indicates the involvement of certain miRNAs in mechanisms of FA-induced β-cell apoptosis, as well. In the rather rare situations when unsaturated FAs are also shown to be pro-apoptotic, the mechanisms mediating this effect in β-cells seem to be the same as for saturated FAs. To conclude, FA-induced apoptosis rather appears to be preceded by complex cross talks of multiple signalling pathways. Some of these pathways may be regulated by decreased membrane fluidity due to saturated FA incorporation. Few data are available concerning molecular mechanisms mediating the protective effect of unsaturated FAs on the effect of saturated FAs. It seems that the main possible mechanism represents a rather inhibitory intervention into saturated FA-induced pro-apoptotic signalling than activation of some pro-survival signalling pathway(s) or metabolic interference in β-cells. This inhibitory intervention may be due to an increase of membrane fluidity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Šrámek
- Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology & Center for Research of Diabetes, Metabolism and Nutrition, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Ruská 87, 100 00 Prague, Czech Republic;
| | - Vlasta Němcová-Fürstová
- Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology & Center for Research of Diabetes, Metabolism and Nutrition, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Ruská 87, 100 00 Prague, Czech Republic;
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14
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Zhu M, Liu X, Liu W, Lu Y, Cheng J, Chen Y. β cell aging and age-related diabetes. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:7691-7706. [PMID: 33686020 PMCID: PMC7993693 DOI: 10.18632/aging.202593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes is characterized by insulin resistance and loss of β cell mass and function. Aging is considered as a major risk factor for development of type 2 diabetes. However, the roles of pancreatic β cell senescence and systemic aging in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes in elderly people remain poorly understood. In this review, we aimed to discuss the current findings and viewpoints focusing on β cell aging and the development of type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, NHFPC, Regenerative Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P.R. China
| | - Xiaohong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, NHFPC, Regenerative Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P.R. China
| | - Wen Liu
- Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, NHFPC, Regenerative Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P.R. China
| | - Yanrong Lu
- Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, NHFPC, Regenerative Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P.R. China
| | - Jingqiu Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, NHFPC, Regenerative Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P.R. China
- Institutes for Systems Genetics, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P.R. China
| | - Younan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, NHFPC, Regenerative Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P.R. China
- Institutes for Systems Genetics, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P.R. China
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15
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Engin AB, Engin A. Protein Kinases Signaling in Pancreatic Beta-cells Death and Type 2 Diabetes. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2021; 1275:195-227. [PMID: 33539017 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-49844-3_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a worldwide serious public health problem. Insulin resistance and β-cell failure are the two major components of T2D pathology. In addition to defective endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress signaling due to glucolipotoxicity, β-cell dysfunction or β-cell death initiates the deleterious vicious cycle observed in T2D. Although the primary cause is still unknown, overnutrition that contributes to the induction of the state of low-grade inflammation, and the activation of various protein kinases-related metabolic pathways are main factors leading to T2D. In this chapter following subjects, which have critical checkpoints regarding β-cell fate and protein kinases pathways are discussed; hyperglycemia-induced β-cell failure, chronic accumulation of unfolded protein in β-cells, the effect of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) signaling to insulin secretion, excessive saturated free fatty acid-induced β-cell apoptosis, mitophagy dysfunction, proinflammatory responses and insulin resistance, and the reprogramming of β-cell for differentiation or dedifferentiation in T2D. There is much debate about selecting proposed therapeutic strategies to maintain or enhance optimal β-cell viability for adequate insulin secretion in T2D. However, in order to achieve an effective solution in the treatment of T2D, more intensive clinical trials are required on newer therapeutic options based on protein kinases signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayse Basak Engin
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Atilla Engin
- Department of General Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
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16
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Kassouf T, Sumara G. Impact of Conventional and Atypical MAPKs on the Development of Metabolic Diseases. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10091256. [PMID: 32872540 PMCID: PMC7563211 DOI: 10.3390/biom10091256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Revised: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The family of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) consists of fourteen members and has been implicated in regulation of virtually all cellular processes. MAPKs are divided into two groups, conventional and atypical MAPKs. Conventional MAPKs are further classified into four sub-families: extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1/2 (ERK1/2), c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK1, 2 and 3), p38 (α, β, γ, δ), and extracellular signal-regulated kinase 5 (ERK5). Four kinases, extracellular signal-regulated kinase 3, 4, and 7 (ERK3, 4 and 7) as well as Nemo-like kinase (NLK) build a group of atypical MAPKs, which are activated by different upstream mechanisms than conventional MAPKs. Early studies identified JNK1/2 and ERK1/2 as well as p38α as a central mediators of inflammation-evoked insulin resistance. These kinases have been also implicated in the development of obesity and diabetes. Recently, other members of conventional MAPKs emerged as important mediators of liver, skeletal muscle, adipose tissue, and pancreatic β-cell metabolism. Moreover, latest studies indicate that atypical members of MAPK family play a central role in the regulation of adipose tissue function. In this review, we summarize early studies on conventional MAPKs as well as recent findings implicating previously ignored members of the MAPK family. Finally, we discuss the therapeutic potential of drugs targeting specific members of the MAPK family.
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17
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Skalidis I, Tüting C, Kastritis PL. Unstructured regions of large enzymatic complexes control the availability of metabolites with signaling functions. Cell Commun Signal 2020; 18:136. [PMID: 32843078 PMCID: PMC7448341 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-020-00631-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolites produced via traditional biochemical processes affect intracellular communication, inflammation, and malignancy. Unexpectedly, acetyl-CoA, α-ketoglutarate and palmitic acid, which are chemical species of reactions catalyzed by highly abundant, gigantic enzymatic complexes, dubbed as "metabolons", have broad "nonmetabolic" signaling functions. Conserved unstructured regions within metabolons determine the yield of these metabolites. Unstructured regions tether functional protein domains, act as spatial constraints to confine constituent enzyme communication, and, in the case of acetyl-CoA production, tend to be regulated by intricate phosphorylation patterns. This review presents the multifaceted roles of these three significant metabolites and describes how their perturbation leads to altered or transformed cellular function. Their dedicated enzymatic systems are then introduced, namely, the pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) and oxoglutarate dehydrogenase (OGDH) complexes, and the fatty acid synthase (FAS), with a particular focus on their structural characterization and the localization of unstructured regions. Finally, upstream metabolite regulation, in which spatial occupancy of unstructured regions within dedicated metabolons may affect metabolite availability and subsequently alter cell functions, is discussed. Video abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioannis Skalidis
- Interdisciplinary Research Center HALOmem, Charles Tanford Protein Center, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Kurt-Mothes-Straße 3a, Halle/Saale, Germany.,Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Kurt-Mothes-Straße 3, Halle/Saale, Germany
| | - Christian Tüting
- Interdisciplinary Research Center HALOmem, Charles Tanford Protein Center, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Kurt-Mothes-Straße 3a, Halle/Saale, Germany.,Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Kurt-Mothes-Straße 3, Halle/Saale, Germany
| | - Panagiotis L Kastritis
- Interdisciplinary Research Center HALOmem, Charles Tanford Protein Center, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Kurt-Mothes-Straße 3a, Halle/Saale, Germany. .,Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Kurt-Mothes-Straße 3, Halle/Saale, Germany. .,ZIK HALOmem, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Biozentrum, Room A.2.14, Weinbergweg 22, 06120, Halle/Saale, Germany.
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18
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Loss of Caveolin-1 Is Associated with a Decrease in Beta Cell Death in Mice on a High Fat Diet. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21155225. [PMID: 32718046 PMCID: PMC7432291 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21155225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Revised: 07/12/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Elevated free fatty acids (FFAs) impair beta cell function and reduce beta cell mass as a consequence of the lipotoxicity that occurs in type 2 diabetes (T2D). We previously reported that the membrane protein caveolin-1 (CAV1) sensitizes to palmitate-induced apoptosis in the beta pancreatic cell line MIN6. Thus, our hypothesis was that CAV1 knock-out (CAV1 KO) mice subjected to a high fat diet (HFD) should suffer less damage to beta cells than wild type (WT) mice. Here, we evaluated the in vivo response of beta cells in the pancreatic islets of 8-week-old C57Bl/6J CAV1 KO mice subjected to a control diet (CD, 14% kcal fat) or a HFD (60% kcal fat) for 12 weeks. We observed that CAV1 KO mice were resistant to weight gain when on HFD, although they had high serum cholesterol and FFA levels, impaired glucose tolerance and were insulin resistant. Some of these alterations were also observed in mice on CD. Interestingly, KO mice fed with HFD showed an adaptive response of the pancreatic beta cells and exhibited a significant decrease in beta cell apoptosis in their islets compared to WT mice. These in vivo results suggest that although the CAV1 KO mice are metabolically unhealthy, they adapt better to a HFD than WT mice. To shed light on the possible signaling pathway(s) involved, MIN6 murine beta cells expressing (MIN6 CAV) or not expressing (MIN6 Mock) CAV1 were incubated with the saturated fatty acid palmitate in the presence of mitogen-activated protein kinase inhibitors. Western blot analysis revealed that CAV1 enhanced palmitate-induced JNK, p38 and ERK phosphorylation in MIN6 CAV1 cells. Moreover, all the MAPK inhibitors partially restored MIN6 viability, but the effect was most notable with the ERK inhibitor. In conclusion, our results suggest that CAV1 KO mice adapted better to a HFD despite their altered metabolic state and that this may at least in part be due to reduced beta cell damage. Moreover, they indicate that the ability of CAV1 to increase sensitivity to FFAs may be mediated by MAPK and particularly ERK activation.
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Zhang X, Chen J, Huang B, Wang J, Shan Z, Liu J, Chen Y, Li S, Fan S, Zhao F. Obesity Mediates Apoptosis and Extracellular Matrix Metabolic Imbalances via MAPK Pathway Activation in Intervertebral Disk Degeneration. Front Physiol 2019; 10:1284. [PMID: 31649558 PMCID: PMC6796795 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2019.01284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Accepted: 09/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity may promote intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) by non-mechanical means, by influencing levels of free fatty acids which could impair cell metabolism. This study aims to establish metabolic factors in obesity-related IDD independent of mechanical loading. In clinical study, we retrospectively reviewed 128 volunteers (73 males, 55 females, aged 29-88 years) and compared their grades of disk degeneration with obesity-related factors such as body weight, BMI, and serum lipid levels. Clinically, the IDD group showed increased age, BMI and serum triglyceride. Triglyceride was a significant risk factor for IDD even after correction for BMI and age (P = 0.007). In obesity animal model, rats were fed a high-fat diet (HFD) in order to study its effects on disk metabolism and apoptosis. HFD rats had significantly higher serum levels of lipids, including triglyceride and non-esterified fatty acid, and showed significantly decreased markers of anabolism, increased catabolism and apoptosis in disk. Finally, rat nucleus pulposus (NP) cells were stimulated in vitro with a fatty acid (palmitic acid, PA) to gauge its effects on cell metabolism and apoptosis. Cell culture studies showed that NP cells exposed to PA showed increased apoptosis for activation of caspase 3, 7, 9, and PARP, which was primarily via the MAPK signal pathway, especially ERK pathway. In conclusion, hypertriglyceridemia can lead to IDD, independently of age and BMI. Hypertriglyceridemia appears to mediate disk cell apoptosis and matrix catabolism primarily via the ERK pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuyang Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal System Degeneration and Regeneration Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jian Chen
- Department of Orthopaedics, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal System Degeneration and Regeneration Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Bao Huang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal System Degeneration and Regeneration Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiasheng Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal System Degeneration and Regeneration Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhi Shan
- Department of Orthopaedics, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal System Degeneration and Regeneration Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Junhui Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal System Degeneration and Regeneration Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yilei Chen
- Department of Orthopaedics, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal System Degeneration and Regeneration Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shengyun Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal System Degeneration and Regeneration Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shunwu Fan
- Department of Orthopaedics, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal System Degeneration and Regeneration Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Fengdong Zhao
- Department of Orthopaedics, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal System Degeneration and Regeneration Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
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20
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Song Z, Ma J, Lu Y, Zhou C, Zhao T, Ai X, Wei X, Lin J, Wang W, Yan W, Jiao P. The protective role of the MKP-5-JNK/P38 pathway in glucolipotoxicity-induced islet β-cell dysfunction and apoptosis. Exp Cell Res 2019; 382:111467. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2019.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2019] [Revised: 06/10/2019] [Accepted: 06/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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21
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Li J, Xu S, Liu Y, Yan Z, Zhang F, Lv Q, Tong N. Activated PPARβ/δ Protects Pancreatic β Cells in Type 2 Diabetic Goto-Kakizaki Rats from Lipoapoptosis via GPR40. Lipids 2019; 54:603-616. [PMID: 31364177 DOI: 10.1002/lipd.12182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2018] [Revised: 06/17/2019] [Accepted: 07/08/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
GW501516-activated peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) β/δ and G-protein-coupled receptor (GPR) 40 were shown to protect pancreatic β cells against lipoapoptosis. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate whether activated PPARβ/δ could protect type 2 diabetic rats from lipoapoptosis through regulation of GPR40 and to compare the protective effects of activated PPARβ/δ and PPARγ. We made an animal model of type 2 diabetic lipoapoptosis by feeding spontaneously type 2 diabetic Goto-Kakizaki (GK) rats with a high-fat diet (HFD) to evaluate the effects of PPARβ/δ on islet β cell apoptosis. And, treated INS-1 cells with 0.5 mM palmitate (PAM) in the absence/presence of GW501516 (a specific agonist of PPAR β/δ) and with/without transfection of GPR40 siRNA to explore the underlying molecular mechanism. HFD aggravated GK rats' poorer INSR30, lower mass, greater apoptosis of β cells, lower mass, and lower expression of GPR40, which were similarly improved by GW501516 at 3 or 6 mg/kg day and pioglitazone. Compared with pioglitazone, GW501516 caused more weight loss and had no effect on insulin resistance. GW501516 protected INS-1 cells from PAM-induced apoptosis by upregulating GPR40 and activating Akt/Bcl-2/caspase-3. Activated extracellular regulated protein kinases (ERK) was relevant to the lipoapoptosis in INS-1 cells, but was not involved in the antilipoapoptotic effect of GW501516. These results showed that the PPARβ/δ agonist GW501516 protected β cells from lipoapoptosis and improved β cell mass by upregulating GPR40 and activating the Akt/Bcl-2/caspase-3 pathway, but not the ERK-signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Li
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, 37 Guoxuexiang, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Shishi Xu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, 37 Guoxuexiang, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Yuqi Liu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, 37 Guoxuexiang, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Zhe Yan
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, 37 Guoxuexiang, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Fang Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, 37 Guoxuexiang, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Qingguo Lv
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, 37 Guoxuexiang, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Nanwei Tong
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, 37 Guoxuexiang, Chengdu, 610041, China
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22
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Hypoxia Modulates Effects of Fatty Acids on NES2Y Human Pancreatic β-cells. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20143441. [PMID: 31336948 PMCID: PMC6678120 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20143441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2019] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Saturated fatty acids (FAs) induce apoptosis in the human pancreatic NES2Y β-cell line while unsaturated FAs have nearly no detrimental effect. Moreover, unsaturated FAs are capable of inhibiting the pro-apoptotic effect of saturated FAs. Hypoxia is also known to have deleterious effects on β-cells function and viability. In the present study, we have tested the modulatory effect of hypoxia on the effect of FAs on the growth and viability of the human pancreatic NES2Y β-cells. This study represents the first study testing hypoxia effect on effects of FAs in pancreatic β-cells as well as in other cell types. We showed that hypoxia increased the pro-apoptotic effect of saturated stearic acid (SA). Endoplasmic reticulum stress signaling seemed to be involved while redistribution of FA transporters fatty acid translocase/cluster of differentiation 36 (FAT/CD36) and fatty acid-binding protein (FABP) do not seem to be involved in this effect. Hypoxia also strongly decreased the protective effect of unsaturated oleic acid (OA) against the pro-apoptotic effect of SA. Thus, in the presence of hypoxia, OA was unable to save SA-treated β-cells from apoptosis induction. Hypoxia itself had only a weak detrimental effect on NES2Y cells. Our data suggest that hypoxia could represent an important factor in pancreatic β-cell death induced and regulated by FAs and thus in the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus.
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23
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Cheng TS, Leung GM, Hui LL, Leung JYY, Kwok MK, Au Yeung SL, Schooling CM. Associations of growth from birth to puberty with glycemic indicators at ~17.5 years: Evidence from Hong Kong's "Children of 1997" birth cohort. Pediatr Diabetes 2019; 20:380-388. [PMID: 30805996 DOI: 10.1111/pedi.12838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2018] [Revised: 01/26/2019] [Accepted: 02/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND From an evolutionary biology perspective, where growth and reproduction trade-off against longevity, we assessed the associations of growth from birth to puberty by phase with later glycemic indicators and any differences by sex. METHODS In the population-representative Hong Kong Chinese "Children of 1997" birth cohort (n = 8327), the relation of initial size (weight-for-age z score (WAZ) at birth, length/height-for-age z score (LAZ) at 3 months or body-mass-index-for-age z score (BAZ) at 3 months based on the World Health Organization growth standards/references) and growth at different phases (WAZ gains from 0 to 2 and 2 to 8 years, LAZ or BAZ gains from 3 months to 3 years, 3 to 8 years and 8 to 14 years) with fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) at ~17.5 years, was assessed using adjusted partial least squares regression. Additional analyses further considered growth in late and early infancy. RESULTS This study included 3276 of the cohort participants. Higher WAZ gain from 2 to 8 years, LAZ and BAZ gains from 3 to 8 years were consistently associated with higher FPG, adjusted for maternal and infant characteristics, family history of diabetes and household income. Also, higher BAZ gain from 3 to 8 years was associated with higher HbA1c. These associations did not differ by sex. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest different mechanisms could underlie the pathogenesis of glucose intolerance. Factors that drive specific growth at different phases need to be evaluated to better inform child growth management for long-term health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuck Seng Cheng
- School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - Gabriel M Leung
- School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - Lai Ling Hui
- School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - June Yue Yan Leung
- School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - Man Ki Kwok
- School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - Shiu Lun Au Yeung
- School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - C Mary Schooling
- School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, People's Republic of China.,Environmental, Occupational, and Geospatial Health Sciences, City University of New York, School of Public Health, New York, New York
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24
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Zhao C, Wang M, Cheng A, Yang Q, Wu Y, Zhu D, Chen S, Liu M, Zhao X, Jia R, Sun K, Chen X. Programmed cell death: the battlefield between the host and alpha-herpesviruses and a potential avenue for cancer treatment. Oncotarget 2018; 9:30704-30719. [PMID: 30093980 PMCID: PMC6078129 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.25694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2017] [Accepted: 05/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Programed cell death is an antiviral mechanism by which the host limits viral replication and protects uninfected cells. Many viruses encode proteins resistant to programed cell death to escape the host immune defenses, which indicates that programed cell death is more favorable for the host immune defense. Alpha-herpesviruses are pathogens that widely affect the health of humans and animals in different communities worldwide. Alpha-herpesviruses can induce apoptosis, autophagy and necroptosis through different molecular mechanisms. This review concisely illustrates the different pathways of apoptosis, autophagy, and necroptosis induced by alpha-herpesviruses. These pathways influence viral infection and replication and are a potential avenue for cancer treatment. This review will increase our understanding of the role of programed cell death in the host immune defense and provides new possibilities for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuankuo Zhao
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City 611130, Sichuan, P.R. China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City 611130, Sichuan, P.R. China.,Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City 611130, Sichuan, P.R. China
| | - Mingshu Wang
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City 611130, Sichuan, P.R. China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City 611130, Sichuan, P.R. China.,Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City 611130, Sichuan, P.R. China
| | - Anchun Cheng
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City 611130, Sichuan, P.R. China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City 611130, Sichuan, P.R. China.,Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City 611130, Sichuan, P.R. China
| | - Qiao Yang
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City 611130, Sichuan, P.R. China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City 611130, Sichuan, P.R. China.,Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City 611130, Sichuan, P.R. China
| | - Ying Wu
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City 611130, Sichuan, P.R. China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City 611130, Sichuan, P.R. China.,Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City 611130, Sichuan, P.R. China
| | - Dekang Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City 611130, Sichuan, P.R. China.,Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City 611130, Sichuan, P.R. China
| | - Shun Chen
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City 611130, Sichuan, P.R. China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City 611130, Sichuan, P.R. China.,Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City 611130, Sichuan, P.R. China
| | - Mafeng Liu
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City 611130, Sichuan, P.R. China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City 611130, Sichuan, P.R. China.,Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City 611130, Sichuan, P.R. China
| | - XinXin Zhao
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City 611130, Sichuan, P.R. China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City 611130, Sichuan, P.R. China.,Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City 611130, Sichuan, P.R. China
| | - Renyong Jia
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City 611130, Sichuan, P.R. China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City 611130, Sichuan, P.R. China.,Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City 611130, Sichuan, P.R. China
| | - Kunfeng Sun
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City 611130, Sichuan, P.R. China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City 611130, Sichuan, P.R. China.,Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City 611130, Sichuan, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoyue Chen
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City 611130, Sichuan, P.R. China.,Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu City 611130, Sichuan, P.R. China
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25
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Xu H, Wang Q, Sun Q, Qin Y, Han A, Cao Y, Yang Q, Yang P, Lu J, Liu Q, Xiang Q. In type 2 diabetes induced by cigarette smoking, activation of p38 MAPK is involved in pancreatic β-cell apoptosis. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 25:9817-9827. [PMID: 29372523 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-1337-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2017] [Accepted: 01/18/2018] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a chronic disease caused by pancreatic β-cell dysfunction and insulin resistance. Exposure to smoke is a risk factor for diabetes; however, its mechanisms are unclear. In an epidemiological study, we determined the relationship between cigarette smoking and β-cell function. T2D patients had a history of heavier smoking than people without T2D, and heavy smokers had more abnormal glucose metabolism. For various smoking populations, there was a dose-effect relationship between decreases of homeostatic model assessment (HOMA)-β levels or the increases of HOMA-insulin resistance (IR) levels and amount of smoking (pack-years), which indicated that smoking induced β-cell dysfunction. For MIN6 cells, cigarette smoke extract (CSE) decreased insulin secretion and content; enhanced apoptosis, as illustrated by decreases of BCL-2 levels, increases of BAX and cleaved caspase-3 levels, and an increased apoptotic index; and activated the p38 MAPK pathway. For MIN6 cells, inhibition of p-p38 MAPK by SB203580 prevented enhanced apoptosis and the dysfunction of insulin secretion induced by CSE. In sum, activation of p38 MAPK is involved in the apoptosis of pancreatic β-cells induced by cigarette smoking, which is a possible mechanism for induction of T2D by cigarette smoke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Xu
- Institute of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
- The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology, Ministry of Education, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiushi Wang
- School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Sun
- Institute of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
- The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology, Ministry of Education, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Qin
- Institute of Chronic Non-Communicable Disease Control, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Aohan Han
- School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Ye Cao
- School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Qianlei Yang
- Institute of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
- The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology, Ministry of Education, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Ping Yang
- School of Public Health, Institute for Chemical Carcinogenesis, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510182, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiachun Lu
- School of Public Health, Institute for Chemical Carcinogenesis, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510182, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Qizhan Liu
- Institute of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
- The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology, Ministry of Education, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
| | - Quanyong Xiang
- Institute of Chronic Non-Communicable Disease Control, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
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26
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Mattisson IY, Björkbacka H, Wigren M, Edsfeldt A, Melander O, Fredrikson GN, Bengtsson E, Gonçalves I, Orho-Melander M, Engström G, Almgren P, Nilsson J. Elevated Markers of Death Receptor-Activated Apoptosis are Associated with Increased Risk for Development of Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease. EBioMedicine 2017; 26:187-197. [PMID: 29208468 PMCID: PMC5836474 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2017.11.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2017] [Revised: 11/17/2017] [Accepted: 11/23/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background An increased rate of cell death by apoptosis has been implicated in both diabetes and atherosclerosis. Apoptosis can be induced through activation of the death receptors TNF receptor 1 (TNFR-1), TRAIL receptor 2 (TRAILR-2) and Fas. Soluble forms of these receptors are found in plasma. The objective of this study was to determine if soluble death receptors are markers of receptor-activated apoptosis and predict risk for development of diabetes and cardiovascular events. Methods Fas ligand was used to induce apoptosis in peripheral blood mononuclear cells and INS-1 pancreatic β-cells and release of TNFR-1, TRAILR-2 and Fas measured by ELISA. Proximity Extension Assay was used to analyze plasma levels of TNFR-1, TRAILR-2 and Fas in baseline samples of 4742 subjects in the Malmö Diet and Cancer Study and related to development of diabetes and cardiovascular events during 19.2 years of follow-up. Results Activation of apoptosis by Fas ligand was associated with release of soluble Fas, TNFR-1 and TRAILR-2 in both cell types. Circulating levels of all three receptors were higher in subjects with diabetes and correlated with markers of impaired glucose metabolism in non-diabetic subjects. Among the latter, those in the highest tertile of soluble Fas, TNFR-1 and TRAILR-2 had increased risk for development of diabetes and cardiovascular events. These associations became weaker when adjusting for cardiovascular risk factors in Cox regression models, but remained significant for TRAILR-2 with incident diabetes, cardiovascular mortality, myocardial infarction and ischemic stroke, and for TNFR-1 with myocardial infarction. Conclusion The present study demonstrates an association between several cardiovascular risk factors and elevated levels of circulating markers of apoptotic cell death. It also shows that subjects with high levels of these biomarkers have increased risk of diabetes and CVD. This implies that soluble death receptors are markers of β-cell and vascular injury and potentially could be used as surrogate markers of therapeutic efficiency in risk factor interventions. •Receptor-activated apoptosis is associated with release of soluble death receptors that act as biomarkers of apoptosis •Several cardiovascular risk factors including markers of impaired glucose metabolism associate with elevated plasma levels of death receptors •Subjects with high plasma levels of death receptors have an increased risk of diabetes and cardiovascular disease Atherosclerosis has been proposed to develop in response to chronic arterial injury caused by cardiovascular risk factors. The present study provides clinical evidence for this hypothesis by demonstrating an association between several cardiovascular risk factors and elevated levels of circulating markers of apoptotic cell death and that subjects with high levels of these biomarkers have increased risk of cardiovascular mortality, MI and stroke. These observations point to the possibility that the plasma level of soluble death receptors can be used as surrogate markers of arterial injury and atherosclerotic disease activity in cardiovascular interventions. Finally, our findings imply that soluble death receptors also may serve as biomarkers of the damage caused by metabolic stress to β-cells and risk for development of type 2 diabetes.
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MESH Headings
- Aged
- Apoptosis/drug effects
- Biomarkers/blood
- Cardiovascular Diseases/diagnosis
- Cardiovascular Diseases/etiology
- Diabetes Mellitus/diagnosis
- Diabetes Mellitus/etiology
- Fas Ligand Protein/pharmacology
- Female
- Genome-Wide Association Study
- Genotype
- Humans
- Leukocytes, Mononuclear/cytology
- Leukocytes, Mononuclear/metabolism
- Male
- Middle Aged
- Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide
- Proportional Hazards Models
- Receptors, Death Domain/blood
- Receptors, Death Domain/genetics
- Receptors, Death Domain/metabolism
- Receptors, TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand/blood
- Receptors, TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand/genetics
- Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Type I/blood
- Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Type I/genetics
- Risk Factors
- fas Receptor/blood
- fas Receptor/genetics
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Maria Wigren
- Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Sweden
| | - Andreas Edsfeldt
- Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Sweden; Department of Cardiology - Coronary diseases, Skåne University Hospital, Sweden
| | - Olle Melander
- Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Sweden
| | | | - Eva Bengtsson
- Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Sweden
| | - Isabel Gonçalves
- Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Sweden; Department of Cardiology - Coronary diseases, Skåne University Hospital, Sweden
| | | | - Gunnar Engström
- Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Sweden
| | - Peter Almgren
- Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Sweden
| | - Jan Nilsson
- Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Sweden.
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27
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Lee CH, Chu CS, Tsai HJ, Ke LY, Lee HC, Yeh JL, Chen CH, Wu BN. Xanthine-derived KMUP-1 reverses glucotoxicity-activated Kv channels through the cAMP/PKA signaling pathway in rat pancreatic β cells. Chem Biol Interact 2017; 279:171-176. [PMID: 29183753 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2017.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2017] [Accepted: 11/23/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Hyperglycemia-associated glucotoxicity induces β-cell dysfunction and a reduction in insulin secretion. Voltage-dependent K+ (Kv) channels in pancreatic β-cells play a key role in glucose-dependent insulin secretion. KMUP-1, a xanthine derivative, has been demonstrated to modulate Kv channel activity in smooth muscles; however, the role of KMUP-1 in glucotoxicity-activated Kv channels in pancreatic β-cells remains unclear. In this study we examined the mechanisms by which KMUP-1 could inhibit high glucose (25 mM) activated Kv currents (IKv) in pancreatic β-cells. Pancreatic β-cells were isolated from Wistar rats and IKv was monitored by perforated patch-clamp recording. The peak IKv in high glucose-treated β-cells was ∼1.4-fold greater than for normal glucose (5.6 mM). KMUP-1 (1, 10, 30 μM) prevented high glucose-stimulated IKv in a concentration-dependent manner. Reduction of high glucose-activated IKv was also found for protein kinase A (PKA) activator 8-Br-cAMP (100 μM). Additionally, KMUP-1 (30 μM) current inhibition was reversed by the PKA inhibitor H-89 (1 μM). Otherwise, pretreatment with the PKC activator or inhibitor had no effect on IKv in high glucose exposure. In conclusion, glucotoxicity-diminished insulin secretion was due to IKv activation. KMUP-1 attenuated high glucose-stimulated IKv via the PKA but not the PKC signaling pathway. This finding provides evidence that KMUP-1 might be a promising agent for treating hyperglycemia-induced insulin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chien-Hsing Lee
- Department of Pharmacology, Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Sheng Chu
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; Lipid Science and Aging Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Han-Jie Tsai
- Department of Pharmacology, Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Liang-Yin Ke
- Lipid Science and Aging Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Health Sciences, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Hsiang-Chun Lee
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; Lipid Science and Aging Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Jwu-Lai Yeh
- Department of Pharmacology, Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Chu-Huang Chen
- Lipid Science and Aging Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; Vascular and Medicinal Research, Texas Heart Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Bin-Nan Wu
- Department of Pharmacology, Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; Lipid Science and Aging Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
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28
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Tanaka A, Yamamoto A, Murota K, Tsujiuchi T, Iwamori M, Fukushima N. Polyunsaturated fatty acids induce ovarian cancer cell death through ROS-dependent MAP kinase activation. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2017; 493:468-473. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2017.08.168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2017] [Accepted: 08/31/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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29
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Xiao HT, Wen B, Ning ZW, Zhai LX, Liao CH, Lin CY, Mu HX, Bian ZX. Cyclocarya paliurus tea leaves enhances pancreatic β cell preservation through inhibition of apoptosis. Sci Rep 2017; 7:9155. [PMID: 28831132 PMCID: PMC5567240 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-09641-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2017] [Accepted: 07/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Leaves of Cyclocarya paliurus are a sweet tea traditionally used to treat obesity and diabetes in China. However, its protective mechanisms against hyperglycemia remains unclear. Here, we demonstrate that the extract of C. paliurus leaves significantly decreased body loss, food intake and blood glucose level, and increased blood insulin level, β-cell number and insulin-producing β cells in high-fat diet-low dose STZ-induced diabetic mice. In vivo and in vitro studies also showed the extract of C. paliurus leaves significantly inhibited pancreatic β cell apoptosis by suppressing the expression of caspase 8, caspase 9 and cleaved caspase-3, as well as Bax/Bcl-2 ratio, down-regulating p38, ERK and JNK phosphorylation, and up-regulating Akt phosphorylation. These effects were significantly enhanced by inhibitor p-38 or ERK or JNK, and counteracted by inhibitor of PI3K. In addition, the extract of C. paliurus leaves also significantly improved hepatic steatosis, nephropathy and cardiac hypertrophy of diabetic mice. Taken together, these results provide the insight into the effects of C. paliurus leaves on pancreatic β cell preservation in standing glucolipotoxicity. Therefore, C. paliurus tea leaves may be used as a new remedy for diabetes through enhancing pancreatic β cell preservation by inhibiting β cell apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Tao Xiao
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Kowloon, Hong Kong.,Shenzhen Research Institute and Continuing Education, Hong Kong Baptist University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Bo Wen
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Kowloon, Hong Kong.,Shenzhen Research Institute and Continuing Education, Hong Kong Baptist University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zi-Wan Ning
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Li-Xiang Zhai
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Cheng-Hui Liao
- Shenzhen Research Institute and Continuing Education, Hong Kong Baptist University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Cheng-Yuan Lin
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Kowloon, Hong Kong.,Shenzhen Research Institute and Continuing Education, Hong Kong Baptist University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Huai-Xue Mu
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Kowloon, Hong Kong.,Shenzhen Research Institute and Continuing Education, Hong Kong Baptist University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhao-Xiang Bian
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Kowloon, Hong Kong. .,Shenzhen Research Institute and Continuing Education, Hong Kong Baptist University, Shenzhen, China.
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30
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Kwak HJ, Yang D, Hwang Y, Jun HS, Cheon HG. Baicalein protects rat insulinoma INS-1 cells from palmitate-induced lipotoxicity by inducing HO-1. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0176432. [PMID: 28445528 PMCID: PMC5405981 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0176432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2016] [Accepted: 04/11/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective β-Cell dysfunction plays a central role in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes (T2D), and the identification of novel approaches to improve β-cell function is essential to treat this disease. Baicalein, a flavonoid originally isolated from the root of Scutellaria Baicalensis, has been shown to have beneficial effects on β-cell function. Here, the authors investigated the molecular mechanism responsible for the protective effects of baicalein against palmitate (PA)-induced impaired β-cell function, and placed focus on the role of heme oxygenase (HO)-1. Methods Rat pancreatic β-cell line INS-1 cells or mouse pancreatic islets were cultured with PA (500 μM) to induce lipotoxicity in the presence or absence of baicalein (50 μM), and the expressions of the ER stress markers, ATF-3, CHOP and GRP78 were detected by Western blotting and/or qPCR. The involvement of HO-1 was evaluated by HO-1 siRNA transfection and using the HO-1 inhibitor ZnPP. Results Baicalein reduced PA-induced ER stress and inflammation and enhanced insulin secretion, and these effects were associated with the induction of HO-1. Furthermore, these protective effects were attenuated by ZnPP and by HO-1 siRNA. Pretreatment of PD98059 (an ERK inhibitor) significantly inhibited the protective effects of baicalein and blocked HO-1 induction. On the other hand, CO production by RuCO (a CO donor) ameliorated PA-induced ER stress, suggesting that CO production followed by HO-1 induction may contribute to the protective effects of baicalein against PA-induced β-cell dysfunction. Conclusion Baicalein protects pancreatic β-cells from PA-induced ER stress and inflammation via an ERK-HO-1 dependent pathway. The authors suggest HO-1 induction in pancreatic β-cells appears to be a promising therapeutic strategy for T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Jeong Kwak
- Department of Pharmacology, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Dongki Yang
- Department of Physiology, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Yongha Hwang
- College of Pharmacy and Gachon Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, Gachon University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee-Sook Jun
- College of Pharmacy and Gachon Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, Gachon University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyae Gyeong Cheon
- Department of Pharmacology, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, Republic of Korea
- Gachon Medical Research Institute, Gil Medical Center, Incheon, Republic of Korea
- * E-mail:
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Tian DD, Zhang RX, Wu N, Yuan W, Luo SH, Chen HQ, Liu Y, Wang Y, He BC, Deng ZL. Tetrandrine inhibits the proliferation of human osteosarcoma cells by upregulating the PTEN pathway. Oncol Rep 2017; 37:2795-2802. [DOI: 10.3892/or.2017.5560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2016] [Accepted: 01/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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32
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Design and synthesis of novel tetrandrine derivatives as potential anti-tumor agents against human hepatocellular carcinoma. Eur J Med Chem 2017; 127:554-566. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2017.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2016] [Revised: 01/06/2017] [Accepted: 01/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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