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Qi Q, Yu F, Nair AA, Lau SSS, Luo G, Mithu I, Zhang W, Li S, Lin S. Hidden danger: The long-term effect of ultrafine particles on mortality and its sociodemographic disparities in New York State. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 471:134317. [PMID: 38636229 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.134317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
Although previous studies have shown increased health risks of particulate matters, few have evaluated the long-term health impacts of ultrafine particles (UFPs or PM0.1, ≤ 0.1 µm in diameter). This study assessed the association between long-term exposure to UFPs and mortality in New York State (NYS), including total non-accidental and cause-specific mortalities, sociodemographic disparities and seasonal trends. Collecting data from a comprehensive chemical transport model and NYS Vital Records, we used the interquartile range (IQR) and high-level UFPs (≥75 % percentile) as indicators to link with mortalities. Our modified difference-in-difference model controlled for other pollutants, meteorological factors, spatial and temporal confounders. The findings indicate that long-term UFPs exposure significantly increases the risk of non-accidental mortality (RR=1.10, 95 % CI: 1.05, 1.17), cardiovascular mortality (RR=1.11, 95 % CI: 1.05, 1.18) particularly for cerebrovascular (RR=1.21, 95 % CI: 1.10, 1.35) and pulmonary heart diseases (RR=1.33, 95 % CI: 1.13, 1.57), and respiratory mortality (borderline significance, RR=1.09, 95 % CI: 1.00, 1.18). Hispanics (RR=1.13, 95 % CI: 1.00, 1.29) and non-Hispanic Blacks (RR=1.40, 95 % CI: 1.16, 1.68) experienced significantly higher mortality risk after exposure to UFPs, compared to non-Hispanic Whites. Children under five, older adults, non-NYC residents, and winter seasons are more susceptible to UFPs' effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quan Qi
- Department of Economics, University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Fangqun Yu
- Atmospheric Sciences Research Center, University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Arshad A Nair
- Atmospheric Sciences Research Center, University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Sam S S Lau
- Research Centre for Environment and Human Health & College of International Education, School of Continuing Education, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China; Institute of Bioresource and Agriculture, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Gan Luo
- Atmospheric Sciences Research Center, University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Imran Mithu
- Community, Environment and Policy Division, Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Wangjian Zhang
- Department of Medical Statistics, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Sean Li
- Rausser College of Natural Resources, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Shao Lin
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University at Albany, State University of New York, Rensselaer, NY, USA; Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University at Albany, State University of New York, Rensselaer, NY, USA.
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2
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Vicente ED, Figueiredo D, Alves C. Toxicity of particulate emissions from residential biomass combustion: An overview of in vitro studies using cell models. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 927:171999. [PMID: 38554951 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.171999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
This article aims to critically review the current state of knowledge on in vitro toxicological assessments of particulate emissions from residential biomass heating systems. The review covers various aspects of particulate matter (PM) toxicity, including oxidative stress, inflammation, genotoxicity, and cytotoxicity, all of which have important implications for understanding the development of diseases. Studies in this field have highlighted the different mechanisms that biomass combustion particles activate, which vary depending on the combustion appliances and fuels. In general, particles from conventional combustion appliances are more potent in inducing cytotoxicity, DNA damage, inflammatory responses, and oxidative stress than those from modern appliances. The sensitivity of different cell lines to the toxic effects of biomass combustion particles is also influenced by cell type and culture conditions. One of the main challenges in this field is the considerable variation in sampling strategies, sample processing, experimental conditions, assays, and extraction techniques used in biomass burning PM studies. Advanced culture systems, such as co-cultures and air-liquid interface exposures, can provide more accurate insights into the effects of biomass combustion particles compared to simpler submerged monocultures. This review provides critical insights into the complex field of toxicity from residential biomass combustion emissions, underscoring the importance of continued research and standardisation of methodologies to better understand the associated health hazards and to inform targeted interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- E D Vicente
- Department of Environment and Planning, Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM), University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - D Figueiredo
- Department of Environment and Planning, Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM), University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; Department of Biology, Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - C Alves
- Department of Environment and Planning, Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM), University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
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3
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Hong JY, Bang T, Kim SB, Hong M, Jung J. Atmosphere particulate matter and respiratory diseases during COVID-19 in Korea. Sci Rep 2024; 14:10074. [PMID: 38698010 PMCID: PMC11066041 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-59643-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024] Open
Abstract
We aimed to examine the impact of COVID-19 non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) on the relationship between air pollutants and hospital admissions for respiratory and non-respiratory diseases in six metropolitan cities in South Korea. This study compared the associations between particulate matter (PM10 and PM2.5) and hospital admission for respiratory and non-respiratory diseases before (2016-2019) and during (2020) the implementation of COVID-19 NPIs by using distributed lag non-linear models. In the Pre-COVID-19 period, the association between PM10 and admission risk for asthma and COPD showed an inverted U-shaped pattern. For PM2.5, S-shaped and inverted U-shaped changes were observed in asthma and COPD, respectively. Extremely high and low levels of PM10 and extremely low levels of PM2.5 significantly decreased the risk of admission for asthma and COPD. In the Post-COVID-19 outbreak period, the overall cumulative relationship between PM10 and PM2.5 and respiratory diseases and the effects of extreme levels of PM10 and PM2.5 on respiratory diseases were completely changed. For non-respiratory diseases, PM10 and PM2.5 were statistically insignificant for admission risk during both periods. Our study may provide evidence that implementing NPIs and reducing PM10 and PM2.5 exposure during the COVID-19 pandemic has contributed to reducing hospital admissions for environment-based respiratory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Young Hong
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Chuncheon Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University Medical Center, Chuncheon-si, Gangwon-do, 24253, Republic of Korea
| | - Taemo Bang
- AI Product Team, Gmarket, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun Bean Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Minwoo Hong
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Gachon University College of Medicine, 38-13, Dokjeom-ro 3beon-gil, Namdong-gu, Incheon, 21565, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaehun Jung
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Gachon University College of Medicine, 38-13, Dokjeom-ro 3beon-gil, Namdong-gu, Incheon, 21565, Republic of Korea.
- Artificial Intelligence and Big-Data Convergence Center, Gil Medical Center, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, Republic of Korea.
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4
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Yang M, Wu QZ, Zhang YT, Leskinen A, Wang XF, Komppula M, Hakkarainen H, Roponen M, Jin NX, Tan WH, Xu SL, Lin LZ, Liu RQ, Zeng XW, Dong GH, Jalava PI. Toxicological evaluation and concentration of airborne PM 0.1 in high air pollution period in Guangzhou, China. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 921:171224. [PMID: 38402960 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.171224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
The emissions and exposure limits for airborne PM0.1 are lacking, with limited scientific data for toxicity. Therefore, we continuously monitored and calculated the number and mass concentrations of airborne PM0.1 in December 2017, January 2018 and March 2018 during the high pollution period in Guangzhou. We collected PM0.1 from the same period and analyzed their chemical components. A549, THP-1 and A549/THP-1 co-cultured cells were selected for exposure to PM0.1, and evaluated for toxicological responses. Our aims are to 1) measure and analyze the number and mass concentrations, and chemical components of PM0.1; 2) evaluate and compare PM0.1 toxicity to different airway cells models at different time points. Guangzhou had the highest mass concentration of PM0.1 in December 2017, while the number concentration was the lowest. Chemical components in PM0.1 vary significantly at different time periods, and the correlation between the chemical composition or source of PM0.1 and the mass and number concentration of PM0.1 was dissimilar. Exposure to PM0.1 disrupted cell membranes, impaired mitochondrial function, promoted the expression of inflammatory mediators, and interfered with DNA replication in the cell cycle. The damage caused by exposure to PM0.1 at different times exhibited variations across different types of cells. PM0.1 in March 2018 stimulated co-cultured cells to secrete more inflammatory mediators, and CMA was significantly related to the expression of them. Our study indicates that it is essential to monitor both the mass and number concentrations of PM0.1 throughout all seasons annually, as conventional toxicological experiments and the internal components of PM0.1 may not effectively reveal the health damages caused by elevated number levels of PM0.1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mo Yang
- Department of Environmental and Biological Science, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistonranta 1, P.O. Box 1627, FI-70211 Kuopio, Finland; Joint International Research Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Qi-Zhen Wu
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Yun-Ting Zhang
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Ari Leskinen
- Finnish Meteorological Institute, Yliopistonranta 1, P.O. Box 1627, FI-70211 Kuopio, Finland; Department of Technical Physics, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistonranta 1, P.O. Box 1627, FI-70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Xin-Feng Wang
- Environment Research Institute, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Mika Komppula
- Finnish Meteorological Institute, Yliopistonranta 1, P.O. Box 1627, FI-70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Henri Hakkarainen
- Department of Environmental and Biological Science, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistonranta 1, P.O. Box 1627, FI-70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Marjut Roponen
- Department of Environmental and Biological Science, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistonranta 1, P.O. Box 1627, FI-70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Nan-Xiang Jin
- A.I.Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Neulaniementie 2, 70210 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Wei-Hong Tan
- Department of Reproductive Medicine and Genetics Center, The People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Shu-Li Xu
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Li-Zi Lin
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Ru-Qing Liu
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Xiao-Wen Zeng
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.
| | - Guang-Hui Dong
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.
| | - Pasi I Jalava
- Department of Environmental and Biological Science, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistonranta 1, P.O. Box 1627, FI-70211 Kuopio, Finland
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Yao S, Zhang H, Zeng N, Ma H, He H, Jiang Y. Polarization Characterization of Porous Particles Based on DDA Simulation and Multi-Angle Polarization Measurements. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 17:1718. [PMID: 38673076 PMCID: PMC11051278 DOI: 10.3390/ma17081718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2023] [Revised: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Porous suspended particles are hazardous to human health due to their strong absorption capacity for toxic substances. A fast, accurate, in situ and high-throughput method to characterize the microporous structure of porous particles has extensive application value. The polarization changes during the light scattering of aerosol particles are highly sensitive to their microstructural properties, such as pore size and porosity. In this study, we propose an overlapping sphere model based on the discrete dipole approximation (DDA) to calculate the polarization scattering characteristics of porous particles. By combining scattering calculations with multi-dimensional polarization indexes measured by a multi-angle polarized scattering vector detection system, we achieve the identification and classification of pore-type components in suspended particles. The maximum deviation based on multiple indexes is less than 0.16% for the proportion analysis of mixed particles. Simultaneously, we develop a quantitative inversion algorithm on pore size and porosity. The inversion results of the three porous polymer particles support the validity and feasibility of our method, where the inversion error of partial particles is less than 4% for pore size and less than 6% for porosity. The study demonstrates the potential of polarization measurements and index systems applied in characterizing the micropore structure of suspended particles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuan Yao
- Guangdong Research Center of Polarization Imaging and Measurement Engineering Technology, Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Minimal Invasive Medical Technologies, Institute of Biopharmaceutical and Health Engineering, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China; (S.Y.); (H.Z.); (H.M.); (H.H.)
| | - Heng Zhang
- Guangdong Research Center of Polarization Imaging and Measurement Engineering Technology, Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Minimal Invasive Medical Technologies, Institute of Biopharmaceutical and Health Engineering, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China; (S.Y.); (H.Z.); (H.M.); (H.H.)
| | - Nan Zeng
- Guangdong Research Center of Polarization Imaging and Measurement Engineering Technology, Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Minimal Invasive Medical Technologies, Institute of Biopharmaceutical and Health Engineering, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China; (S.Y.); (H.Z.); (H.M.); (H.H.)
| | - Hui Ma
- Guangdong Research Center of Polarization Imaging and Measurement Engineering Technology, Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Minimal Invasive Medical Technologies, Institute of Biopharmaceutical and Health Engineering, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China; (S.Y.); (H.Z.); (H.M.); (H.H.)
- Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Honghui He
- Guangdong Research Center of Polarization Imaging and Measurement Engineering Technology, Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Minimal Invasive Medical Technologies, Institute of Biopharmaceutical and Health Engineering, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China; (S.Y.); (H.Z.); (H.M.); (H.H.)
| | - Yuelu Jiang
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China;
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Namvar Z, Ramezani Tehrani F, Shahsavani A, Khodagholi F, Hashemi SS, Binayi F, Salimi M, Abdollahifar MA, Hopke PK, Mohseni-Bandpei A. Reduction of ovarian reserves and activation of necroptosis to in vivo air pollution exposures. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH RESEARCH 2024; 34:2052-2066. [PMID: 37204020 DOI: 10.1080/09603123.2023.2210109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/30/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
We investigated the association between air pollution and changes in ovarian follicles, anti-mullerian hormone (AMH) levels, the occurrence of necroptosis cell death by activation of receptor-interacting protein kinase 3 (RIPK3) and, the activation of mixed lineage kinase domain-like (MLKL) proteins. Forty-two female Wistar rats were divided into three groups of 14 each, which were exposed to real-ambient air, filtered air and purified air (control) in two periods of 3 and 5 months. The results showed that the number of ovarian follicles decreased in the group exposed to real-ambient air versus the control group (P < 0.0001). The trend of age-related AMH changes with respect to exposure to air pollutants was affected and its levels decreased after 3 months of exposure. The MLKL increased in the group exposed to the real-ambient air compared to the control group (P = 0.033). Apparently long-term exposure to air pollution can reduce ovarian reserves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Namvar
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health and Safety, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Air Quality and Climate Change Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fahimeh Ramezani Tehrani
- Reproductive Endocrinology Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abbas Shahsavani
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health and Safety, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Air Quality and Climate Change Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fariba Khodagholi
- Neuroscience Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Saeed Hashemi
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Safety, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fateme Binayi
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mina Salimi
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad-Amin Abdollahifar
- Department of Biology and Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Philip K Hopke
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, USA
- Center for Air Resources Engineering and Science, Clarkson University, Potsdam, NY, USA
| | - Anoushiravan Mohseni-Bandpei
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health and Safety, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Air Quality and Climate Change Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Hussain MS, Gupta G, Mishra R, Patel N, Gupta S, Alzarea SI, Kazmi I, Kumbhar P, Disouza J, Dureja H, Kukreti N, Singh SK, Dua K. Unlocking the secrets: Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) and their devastating effects on lung cancer. Pathol Res Pract 2024; 255:155157. [PMID: 38320440 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2024.155157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
Lung cancer (LCs) is still a serious health problem globally, with many incidences attributed to environmental triggers such as Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs). VOCs are a broad class of compounds that can be released via various sources, including industrial operations, automobile emissions, and indoor air pollution. VOC exposure has been linked to an elevated risk of lung cancer via multiple routes. These chemicals can be chemically converted into hazardous intermediate molecules, resulting in DNA damage and genetic alterations. VOCs can also cause oxidative stress, inflammation, and a breakdown in the cellular protective antioxidant framework, all of which contribute to the growth of lung cancer. Moreover, VOCs have been reported to alter critical biological reactions such as cell growth, apoptosis, and angiogenesis, leading to tumor development and metastasis. Epidemiological investigations have found a link between certain VOCs and a higher probability of LCs. Benzene, formaldehyde, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are some of the most well-researched VOCs, with comprehensive data confirming their cancer-causing potential. Nevertheless, the possible health concerns linked with many more VOCs and their combined use remain unknown, necessitating further research. Identifying the toxicological consequences of VOCs in LCs is critical for establishing focused preventative tactics and therapeutic strategies. Better legislation and monitoring mechanisms can limit VOC contamination in occupational and environmental contexts, possibly reducing the prevalence of LCs. Developing VOC exposure indicators and analyzing their associations with genetic susceptibility characteristics may also aid in early identification and targeted therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Sadique Hussain
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jaipur National University, Jagatpura, Jaipur, Rajasthan 302017, India
| | - Gaurav Gupta
- Centre for Global Health Research, Saveetha Medical College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, India; Centre of Medical and Bio-allied Health Sciences Research, Ajman University, Ajman, 346, United Arab Emirates; School of Pharmacy, Suresh Gyan Vihar University, Mahal Road, Jagatpura, Jaipur, India
| | - Riya Mishra
- School of Pharmacy, Suresh Gyan Vihar University, Mahal Road, Jagatpura, Jaipur, India
| | - Neeraj Patel
- School of Pharmacy, Suresh Gyan Vihar University, Mahal Road, Jagatpura, Jaipur, India
| | - Saurabh Gupta
- Chameli Devi Institute of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology, Khandwa Road, Village Umrikheda, Near Toll booth, Indore, Madhya Pradesh 452020, India
| | - Sami I Alzarea
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka, 72341, Al-Jouf, Saudi Arabia
| | - Imran Kazmi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, 21589, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Popat Kumbhar
- Tatyasaheb Kore College of Pharmacy, Warananagar, Tal: Panhala Dist: Kolhapur, Maharashtra 416113, India
| | - John Disouza
- Tatyasaheb Kore College of Pharmacy, Warananagar, Tal: Panhala Dist: Kolhapur, Maharashtra 416113, India
| | - Harish Dureja
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak 124001, India
| | - Neelima Kukreti
- School of Pharmacy, Graphic Era Hill University, Dehradun 248007, India
| | - Sachin Kumar Singh
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab 144411, India; Faculty of Health, Australian Research Centre in Complementary and Integrative Medicine, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Kamal Dua
- Faculty of Health, Australian Research Centre in Complementary and Integrative Medicine, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia; Discipline of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Health, University of Technology Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia.
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8
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Li JL, Tan Y, Wang QL, Li CX, Hong JC, Wang HJ, Wu Y, Ni DC, Peng XW. Mechanism through which the hsa-circ_0000992- hsa- miR- 936-AKT3 regulatory network promotes the PM 2.5-induced inflammatory response in human bronchial epithelial cells. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2024; 270:115778. [PMID: 38147774 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.115778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studies have shown that fine particulate matter (PM2.5) remains a significant problem in developing countries and plays a critical role in the onset and progression of respiratory illnesses. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are involved in many pathophysiological processes,but their relationship to PM2.5 pollution is largely unexplored. OBJECTIVES To elucidate the functional role of hsa_circ_0000992 in PM2.5-induced inflammation in a human bronchial epithelial cell line (16HBE) and to clarify whether the competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) mechanism is involved in the interrelationships between hsa_circ_0000992 and hsa-miR-936 and the inflammatory signaling pathways. METHODS Detection of inflammatory factors in 16HBE cells exposed to PM2.5 by RT-qPCR and ELISA.High throughput sequencing and bioinformatics analysis methods were used to screen circRNA.The bioinformatics analysis method western blotting and dual-luciferase reporter gene system were used to verify mechanisms associated with circRNA. RESULTS PM2.5 cause inflammation in the 16HBE cells. High throughput sequencing and RT-qPCR result revealed that the expression of hsa_circ_0000992 was markedly up-regulated in 16HBE exposed to PM2.5. The binding sites between hsa_circ_0000992 and hsa-miR-936 was confirmed by dual-luciferase reporter gene system.Western blotting and RT-qPCR showed that hsa_circ_0000992 can interact with hsa-miR-936 to regulate AKT serine/threonine kinase 3(AKT3),thereby activating the PI3K/AKT pathway and ultimately promoting the expression of interleukin (IL)- 1β and IL-8. CONCLUSION PM2.5 can induce the inflammatory response in 16HBE cells by activating the PI3K/AKT pathway. The expression of hsa_circ_0000992 increased when PM2.5 stimulated 16HBE cells,and the circRNA could then regulate the inflammatory response.Hsa_circ_0000992 regulates the hsa-miR-936/AKT3 axis through the ceRNA mechanism,thereby activating the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway,increasing the expression of cellular inflammatory factors,and promoting PM2.5-induced respiratory inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Lin Li
- Nanning Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Yi Tan
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou 510535, China
| | - Qiu Ling Wang
- Environment and Health Department, Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Cai Xia Li
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou 510535, China
| | - Jin Chang Hong
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou 510535, China
| | - Hong Jie Wang
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou 510535, China
| | - Yi Wu
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou 510535, China
| | - De Chun Ni
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou 510535, China
| | - Xiao Wu Peng
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou 510535, China.
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Nair AA, Lin S, Luo G, Ryan I, Qi Q, Deng X, Yu F. Environmental exposure disparities in ultrafine particles and PM 2.5 by urbanicity and socio-demographics in New York state, 2013-2020. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 239:117246. [PMID: 37806474 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.117246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The spatiotemporal and demographic disparities in exposure to ultrafine particles (UFP; number concentrations of particulate matter (PM) with diameter ≤0.1 μm), a key subcomponent of fine aerosols (PM2.5; mass concentrations of PM ≤ 2.5 μm), have not been well studied. OBJECTIVE To quantify and compare the aerosol pollutant exposure disparities for UFP and PM2.5 by socio-demographic factors in New York State (NYS). METHODS Ambient atmospheric UFP and PM2.5 were quantified using a global three-dimensional model of chemical transport with state-of-the-science aerosol microphysical processes validated extensively with observations. We matched these to U.S. census demographic data for varied spatial scales (state, county, county subdivision) and derived population-weighted aerosol exposure estimates. Aerosol exposure disparities for each demographic and socioeconomic (SES) indicator, with a focus on race-ethnicity and income, were quantified for the period 2013-2020. RESULTS The average NYS resident was exposed to 4451 #·cm-3 UFP and 7.87 μg·m-3 PM2.5 in 2013-2020, but minority race-ethnicity groups were invariably exposed to greater daily aerosol pollution (UFP: +75.0% & PM2.5: +16.2%). UFP has increased since 2017 and is temporally and seasonally out-of-phase with PM2.5. Race-ethnicity exposure disparities for PM2.5 have declined over time; by -6% from 2013 to 2017 and plateaued thereafter despite its decreasing concentrations. In contrast, these disparities have increased (+12.5-13.5%) for UFP. The aerosol pollution exposure disparities were the highest for low-income minorities and were more amplified for UFP than PM2.5. DISCUSSION: We identified large disparities in aerosol pollution exposure by urbanization level and socio-demographics in NYS residents. Jurisdictions with higher proportions of race-ethnicity minorities, low-income residents, and greater urbanization were disproportionately exposed to higher concentrations of UFP and PM2.5 than other NYS residents. These race-ethnicity exposure disparities were much larger, more disproportionate, and unabating over time for UFP compared to PM2.5 across various income strata and levels of urbanicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arshad Arjunan Nair
- Atmospheric Sciences Research Center, University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, NY 12226, USA.
| | - Shao Lin
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University at Albany, State University of New York, Rensselaer, NY 12144, USA; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University at Albany, State University of New York, Rensselaer, NY 12144, USA
| | - Gan Luo
- Atmospheric Sciences Research Center, University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, NY 12226, USA
| | - Ian Ryan
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University at Albany, State University of New York, Rensselaer, NY 12144, USA
| | - Quan Qi
- Department of Economics, University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, NY 12222, USA
| | - Xinlei Deng
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University at Albany, State University of New York, Rensselaer, NY 12144, USA
| | - Fangqun Yu
- Atmospheric Sciences Research Center, University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, NY 12226, USA.
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10
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Hvidtfeldt UA, Chen J, Rodopoulou S, Strak M, de Hoogh K, Andersen ZJ, Bellander T, Brandt J, Forastiere F, Brynedal B, Hertel O, Hoffmann B, Katsouyanni K, Ketzel M, Leander K, Magnusson PKE, Nagel G, Pershagen G, Rizzuto D, Samoli E, So R, Stafoggia M, Tjønneland A, Weinmayr G, Wolf K, Zitt E, Brunekreef B, Hoek G, Raaschou-Nielsen O. Multiple myeloma risk in relation to long-term air pollution exposure - A pooled analysis of four European cohorts. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 239:117230. [PMID: 37806476 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.117230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Air pollution is a growing concern worldwide, with significant impacts on human health. Multiple myeloma is a type of blood cancer with increasing incidence. Studies have linked air pollution exposure to various types of cancer, including leukemia and lymphoma, however, the relationship with multiple myeloma incidence has not been extensively investigated. METHODS We pooled four European cohorts (N = 234,803) and assessed the association between residential exposure to nitrogen dioxide (NO2), fine particles (PM2.5), black carbon (BC), and ozone (O3) and multiple myeloma. We applied Cox proportional hazards models adjusting for potential confounders at the individual and area-level. RESULTS During 4,415,817 person-years of follow-up (average 18.8 years), we observed 404 cases of multiple myeloma. The results of the fully adjusted linear analyses showed hazard ratios (95% confidence interval) of 0.99 (0.84, 1.16) per 10 μg/m³ NO2, 1.04 (0.82, 1.33) per 5 μg/m³ PM2.5, 0.99 (0.84, 1.18) per 0.5 10-5 m-1 BCE, and 1.11 (0.87, 1.41) per 10 μg/m³ O3. CONCLUSIONS We did not observe an association between long-term ambient air pollution exposure and incidence of multiple myeloma.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jie Chen
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Sophia Rodopoulou
- Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Maciej Strak
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands; National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, the Netherlands
| | - Kees de Hoogh
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Allschwil, Switzerland; University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Zorana J Andersen
- Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Tom Bellander
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jørgen Brandt
- Department of Environmental Science, Aarhus University, Roskilde, Denmark; iClimate - interdisciplinary Centre for Climate Change, Aarhus University, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Francesco Forastiere
- Department of Epidemiology, Lazio Region Health Service/ASL Roma 1, Rome, Italy; Environmental Research Group, School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College, London, UK
| | - Boel Brynedal
- Department of Global Public Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ole Hertel
- Departments of Ecoscience, Aarhus University, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Barbara Hoffmann
- Institute for Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, Centre for Health and Society, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Klea Katsouyanni
- Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece; MRC Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Matthias Ketzel
- Department of Environmental Science, Aarhus University, Roskilde, Denmark; Global Centre for Clean Air Research (GCARE), University of Surrey, Guildford, GU2 7XH, United Kingdom
| | - Karin Leander
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Patrik K E Magnusson
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Gabriele Nagel
- Institute of Epidemiology and Medical Biometry, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Göran Pershagen
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Debora Rizzuto
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences, And Society, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden; Stockholm Gerontology Research Center, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Evangelia Samoli
- Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Rina So
- Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Massimo Stafoggia
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Epidemiology, Lazio Region Health Service/ASL Roma 1, Rome, Italy
| | - Anne Tjønneland
- The Danish Cancer Institute, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Gudrun Weinmayr
- Institute of Epidemiology and Medical Biometry, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Kathrin Wolf
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Emanuel Zitt
- Agency for Preventive and Social Medicine (aks), Bregenz, Austria; Department of Internal Medicine 3, LKH Feldkirch, Feldkirch, Austria
| | - Bert Brunekreef
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Gerard Hoek
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Ole Raaschou-Nielsen
- The Danish Cancer Institute, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Environmental Science, Aarhus University, Roskilde, Denmark
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11
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Pu L, Yi F, Yu WJ, Li YJ, Tu YH, Xu AH, Wang Y. Endoplasmic reticulum stress mediates environmental particle-induced inflammatory response in bronchial epithelium. J Immunotoxicol 2023; 20:2229428. [PMID: 37417782 DOI: 10.1080/1547691x.2023.2229428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023] Open
Abstract
While the detailed mechanisms for how particulate matter (PM) causes adverse health effects in the lungs remain largely unknown, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress has been implicated in PM-induced lung injury. The present study was undertaken to examine how/if ER stress might regulate PM-induced inflammation, and to begin to define potential underlying molecular mechanisms. Here, ER stress hallmarks were examined in human bronchial epithelial (HBE) cells exposed to PM. To confirm roles of certain pathways, siRNA targeting ER stress genes and an ER stress inhibitor were employed. Expression of select inflammatory cytokines and related signaling pathway components by the cells were assessed as well. The results showed that PM exposure induced elevations in two ER stress hallmarks, i.e. GRP78 and IRE1α, in time-and/or dose-related manners in the HBE cells. Inhibition of ER stress by siRNA for GRP78 or IRE1α significantly alleviated the PM-induced effects. Further, ER stress appeared to regulate PM-induced inflammation - likely through downstream autophagy and NF-κB pathways - as implied by studies showing that inhibition of ER stress by siRNA of GRP78 or IRE1α caused significant amelioration of PM-induced autophagy and subsequent activation of NF-κB pathways. Moreover, the ER stress inhibitor 4-PBA were used to confirm the protective effects against PM-induced outcomes. Together, the results suggest ER stress plays a deleterious role in PM-induced airway inflammation, possibly through activation of autophagy and NF-κB signaling. Accordingly, protocols/treatments that could lead to inhibited ER stress could potentially be effective for treatment of PM-related airway disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Pu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, and Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Fen Yi
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, and Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Wen-Jing Yu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, and Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Ya-Jing Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, and Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - You-Hui Tu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, and Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Ai-Hui Xu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, and Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yong Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, and Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
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12
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Letelier P, Saldías R, Loren P, Riquelme I, Guzmán N. MicroRNAs as Potential Biomarkers of Environmental Exposure to Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Their Link with Inflammation and Lung Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16984. [PMID: 38069307 PMCID: PMC10707120 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242316984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Exposure to atmospheric air pollution containing volatile organic compounds such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) has been shown to be a risk factor in the induction of lung inflammation and the initiation and progression of lung cancer. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small single-stranded non-coding RNA molecules of ~20-22 nucleotides that regulate different physiological processes, and their altered expression is implicated in various pathophysiological conditions. Recent studies have shown that the regulation of gene expression of miRNAs can be affected in diseases associated with outdoor air pollution, meaning they could also be useful as biomarkers of exposure to environmental pollution. In this article, we review the published evidence on miRNAs in relation to exposure to PAH pollution and discuss the possible mechanisms that may link these compounds with the expression of miRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Letelier
- Laboratorio de Investigación en Salud de Precisión, Departamento de Procesos Diagnósticos y Evaluación, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Católica de Temuco, Temuco 4813302, Chile; (R.S.); (N.G.)
| | - Rolando Saldías
- Laboratorio de Investigación en Salud de Precisión, Departamento de Procesos Diagnósticos y Evaluación, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Católica de Temuco, Temuco 4813302, Chile; (R.S.); (N.G.)
| | - Pía Loren
- Center of Molecular Biology and Pharmacogenetics, Scientific and Technological Bioresource Nucleus, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile;
| | - Ismael Riquelme
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Temuco 4810101, Chile;
| | - Neftalí Guzmán
- Laboratorio de Investigación en Salud de Precisión, Departamento de Procesos Diagnósticos y Evaluación, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Católica de Temuco, Temuco 4813302, Chile; (R.S.); (N.G.)
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13
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Peng H, Zhou Q, Liu J, Wang Y, Mu K, Zhang L. Endoplasmic reticulum stress: a vital process and potential therapeutic target in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Inflamm Res 2023; 72:1761-1772. [PMID: 37695356 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-023-01786-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Revised: 05/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), a chronic and progressive disease characterized by persistent respiratory symptoms and progressive airflow obstruction, has attracted extensive attention due to its high morbidity and mortality. Although the understanding of the pathogenesis of COPD has gradually increased because of increasing evidence, many questions regarding the mechanisms involved in COPD progression and its deleterious effects remain unanswered. Recent advances have shown the potential functions of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in causing airway inflammation, emphasizing the vital role of unfolded protein response (UPR) pathways in the development of COPD. METHODS A comprehensive search of major databases including PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science was conducted to retrieve original research articles and reviews related to ER stress, UPR, and COPD. RESULTS The common causes of COPD, namely cigarette smoke (CS) and air pollutants, induce ER stress through the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). UPR promotes mucus secretion and further plays a dual role in the cell apoptosis-autophagy axis in the development of COPD. Existing drug research has indicated the potential of UPR as a therapeutic target for COPD. CONCLUSIONS ER stress and UPR activation play significant roles in the etiology, pathogenesis, and treatment of COPD and discuss whether related genes can be used as biomarkers and therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Peng
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, NHC Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Qing Zhou
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, NHC Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, NHC Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, NHC Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Ketao Mu
- Department of Radiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Jie Fang Avenue 1095, Wuhan, 430030, China.
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, NHC Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430030, China.
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14
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Inesta-Vaquera F, Miyashita L, Grigg J, Henderson CJ, Wolf CR. Defining the in vivo mechanism of air pollutant toxicity using murine stress response biomarkers. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 888:164211. [PMID: 37196967 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.164211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Air pollution can cause a wide range of serious human diseases. For the informed instigation of interventions which prevent these outcomes there is an urgent need to develop robust in vivo biomarkers which provide insights into mechanisms of toxicity and relate pollutants to specific adverse outcomes. We exemplify for a first time the application of in vivo stress response reporters in establishing mechanisms of air pollution toxicity and the application of this knowledge in epidemiological studies. We first demonstrated the utility of reporter mice to understand toxicity mechanisms of air pollutants using diesel exhaust particles compounds. We observed that nitro-PAHs induced Hmox1 and CYP1a1 reporters in a time- and dose-dependent, cell- and tissue-specific manner. Using in vivo genetic and pharmacological approaches we confirmed that the NRF2 pathway mediated this Hmox1-reporter induction stress reporter activity. We then correlated the activation of stress-reporter models (oxidative stress/inflammation, DNA damage and Ah receptor -AhR- activity) with responses in primary human nasal cells exposed to chemicals present in particulate matter (PM; PM2.5-SRM2975, PM10-SRM1648b) or fresh roadside PM10. To exemplify their use in clinical studies, Pneumococcal adhesion was assessed in exposed primary human nasal epithelial cells (HPNEpC). The combined use of HPNEpC and in vivo reporters demonstrated that London roadside PM10 particles induced pneumococcal infection in HPNEpC mediated by oxidative stress responses. The combined use of in vivo reporter models with human data thus provides a robust approach to define the relationship between air pollutant exposure and health risks. Moreover, these models can be used in epidemiological studies to hazard ranking environmental pollutants by considering the complexity of mechanisms of toxicity. These data will facilitate the relationship between toxic potential and the level of pollutant exposure in populations to be established and potentially extremely valuable tools for intervention studies for disease prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Inesta-Vaquera
- Division of Systems Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Jacqui Wood Cancer Centre, Ninewells Hospital, Dundee DD1 9SY, UK
| | | | | | - Colin J Henderson
- Division of Systems Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Jacqui Wood Cancer Centre, Ninewells Hospital, Dundee DD1 9SY, UK
| | - C Roland Wolf
- Division of Systems Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Jacqui Wood Cancer Centre, Ninewells Hospital, Dundee DD1 9SY, UK.
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15
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Refsnes M, Skuland T, Jørgensen R, Sæter-Grytting V, Snilsberg B, Øvrevik J, Holme JA, Låg M. Role of different mechanisms in pro-inflammatory responses triggered by traffic-derived particulate matter in human bronchiolar epithelial cells. Part Fibre Toxicol 2023; 20:31. [PMID: 37537647 PMCID: PMC10399033 DOI: 10.1186/s12989-023-00542-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Traffic-derived particles are important contributors to the adverse health effects of ambient particulate matter (PM). In Nordic countries, mineral particles from road pavement and diesel exhaust particles (DEP) are important constituents of traffic-derived PM. In the present study we compared the pro-inflammatory responses of mineral particles and DEP to PM from two road tunnels, and examined the mechanisms involved. METHODS The pro-inflammatory potential of 100 µg/mL coarse (PM10-2.5), fine (PM2.5-0.18) and ultrafine PM (PM0.18) sampled in two road tunnels paved with different stone materials was assessed in human bronchial epithelial cells (HBEC3-KT), and compared to DEP and particles derived from the respective stone materials. Release of pro-inflammatory cytokines (CXCL8, IL-1α, IL-1β) was measured by ELISA, while the expression of genes related to inflammation (COX2, CXCL8, IL-1α, IL-1β, TNF-α), redox responses (HO-1) and metabolism (CYP1A1, CYP1B1, PAI-2) was determined by qPCR. The roles of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) were examined by treatment with the AhR-inhibitor CH223191 and the anti-oxidant N-acetyl cysteine (NAC). RESULTS Road tunnel PM caused time-dependent increases in expression of CXCL8, COX2, IL-1α, IL-1β, TNF-α, COX2, PAI-2, CYP1A1, CYP1B1 and HO-1, with fine PM as more potent than coarse PM at early time-points. The stone particle samples and DEP induced lower cytokine release than all size-fractionated PM samples for one tunnel, and versus fine PM for the other tunnel. CH223191 partially reduced release and expression of IL-1α and CXCL8, and expression of COX2, for fine and coarse PM, depending on tunnel, response and time-point. Whereas expression of CYP1A1 was markedly reduced by CH223191, HO-1 expression was not affected. NAC reduced the release and expression of IL-1α and CXCL8, and COX2 expression, but augmented expression of CYP1A1 and HO-1. CONCLUSIONS The results indicate that the pro-inflammatory responses of road tunnel PM in HBEC3-KT cells are not attributed to the mineral particles or DEP alone. The pro-inflammatory responses seem to involve AhR-dependent mechanisms, suggesting a role for organic constituents. ROS-mediated mechanisms were also involved, probably through AhR-independent pathways. DEP may be a contributor to the AhR-dependent responses, although other sources may be of importance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magne Refsnes
- Department of Air quality and Noise, Division of Climate and Environmental Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, PO Box 222, Skøyen, Oslo, 0213, Norway
| | - Tonje Skuland
- Department of Air quality and Noise, Division of Climate and Environmental Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, PO Box 222, Skøyen, Oslo, 0213, Norway
| | - Rikke Jørgensen
- Department of Industrial Economics and Technology Management, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, NTNU, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Vegard Sæter-Grytting
- Department of Air quality and Noise, Division of Climate and Environmental Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, PO Box 222, Skøyen, Oslo, 0213, Norway
| | | | - Johan Øvrevik
- Department of Biosciences, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Division of Climate and Environmental Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - Jørn A Holme
- Department of Air quality and Noise, Division of Climate and Environmental Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, PO Box 222, Skøyen, Oslo, 0213, Norway
| | - Marit Låg
- Department of Air quality and Noise, Division of Climate and Environmental Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, PO Box 222, Skøyen, Oslo, 0213, Norway.
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16
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Torres-Blas I, Horsler H, Paredes UM, Perkins M, Priestnall SL, Brekke P. Impact of exposure to urban air pollution on grey squirrel (Sciurus carolinensis) lung health. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 326:121312. [PMID: 36893972 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.121312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The increased rate of global urbanisation has recently exacerbated the significant public health problem of traffic related air pollution. Despite the known significant impact on human health, little is known about the effects of air pollution on wildlife health. The lung is the primary target organ for the effects of exposure to air pollution, leading to lung inflammation, altering the lung epigenome, culminating in respiratory disease. In this study, we aimed to assess lung health and DNA methylation profiles in Eastern grey squirrel (Sciurus carolinensis) populations living across an urban-rural air pollution gradient. Squirrel lung health was assessed in four populations situated across the most polluted inner-city boroughs to the less polluted edges of Greater London. We also assessed lung DNA methylation across three London sites and a further two rural sites in Sussex and North Wales. Lung and tracheal diseases were present in 28% and 13% of the squirrels respectively. Specifically, focal inflammation (13%), focal macrophages with vacuolated cytoplasm (3%) and endogenous lipid pneumonia (3%). There was no significant difference in prevalence of lung, tracheal diseases, anthracosis (carbon presence) or lung DNA methylation levels between urban sites and urban and rural sites respectively or NO2 levels. BALT (Bronchus-Associated Lymphoid Tissue) was significantly smaller in the site with highest NO2 and contained the highest carbon loading compared to sites with lower NO2, however differences in carbon loading in between sites were not significant. High pollution site individuals also had significantly higher numbers of alveolar macrophages which suggests that grey squirrels are exposed to and respond to traffic-related air pollution and further research is needed to understand the impact of traffic-related air pollutants on wildlife health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Torres-Blas
- Dept Pathobiology & Population Sciences, The Royal Veterinary College, Hawkshead Lane, N Mymms, Hatfield, AL9 7TA, UK; Institute of Zoology, Zoological Society of London, Regent's Park, London, NW1 4RY, UK
| | - Helen Horsler
- The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London, NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Ursula M Paredes
- School of Biological and Behavioural Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London, E1 4NS, UK
| | - Matthew Perkins
- Institute of Zoology, Zoological Society of London, Regent's Park, London, NW1 4RY, UK
| | - Simon L Priestnall
- Dept Pathobiology & Population Sciences, The Royal Veterinary College, Hawkshead Lane, N Mymms, Hatfield, AL9 7TA, UK
| | - Patricia Brekke
- Institute of Zoology, Zoological Society of London, Regent's Park, London, NW1 4RY, UK.
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17
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Wu YY, Xu YM, Lau ATY. Epigenetic effects of herbal medicine. Clin Epigenetics 2023; 15:85. [PMID: 37179342 PMCID: PMC10183144 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-023-01481-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Epigenetic memory is essential for life that governs the predefined functional features of cells. Recent evidence has indicated that the epigenetic modification provides a potential link to gene expression changes that may be involved in the development of various chronic diseases, and targeting the epigenome becomes a plausible method for treating diseases. Traditional herbal medicine has gradually entered the vision of researchers due to its low toxicity and its effectiveness in treating diseases. As a matter of fact, researchers found that the possessed epigenetic modification capacity of herbal medicine had the ability to combat the progression of the disease, such as various types of cancer, diabetes, inflammation, amnesia, liver fibrosis, asthma, and hypertension-induced renal injury. Studies on the epigenetic effects of herbal medicine will provide valuable insights into the molecular mechanisms of human diseases, which may lead to new therapeutic approaches and diagnoses. Thus, this review summarized the impact of herbal medicine and its bioactive components on disease epigenome as examples of how utilization of epigenetic plasticity could be useful as the basis for the future development of targeted therapies in chronic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Yao Wu
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Epigenetics, Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan-Ming Xu
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Epigenetics, Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Andy T Y Lau
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Epigenetics, Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.
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18
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Zhu X, Zhang Q, Du X, Jiang Y, Niu Y, Wei Y, Zhang Y, Chillrud SN, Liang D, Li H, Chen R, Kan H, Cai J. Respiratory Effects of Traffic-Related Air Pollution: A Randomized, Crossover Analysis of Lung Function, Airway Metabolome, and Biomarkers of Airway Injury. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 2023; 131:57002. [PMID: 37141245 PMCID: PMC10159268 DOI: 10.1289/ehp11139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Revised: 02/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exposure to traffic-related air pollution (TRAP) has been associated with increased risks of respiratory diseases, but the biological mechanisms are not yet fully elucidated. OBJECTIVES Our aim was to evaluate the respiratory responses and explore potential biological mechanisms of TRAP exposure in a randomized crossover trial. METHODS We conducted a randomized crossover trial in 56 healthy adults. Each participant was exposed to high- and low-TRAP exposure sessions by walking in a park and down a road with high traffic volume for 4 h in random order. Respiratory symptoms and lung function, including forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV 1 ), forced vital capacity (FVC), the ratio of FEV 1 to FVC, and maximal mid-expiratory flow (MMEF), were measured before and after each exposure session. Markers of 8-isoprostane, tumor necrosis factor- α (TNF- α ), and ezrin in exhaled breath condensate (EBC), and surfactant proteins D (SP-D) in serum were also measured. We used linear mixed-effects models to estimate the associations, adjusted for age, sex, body mass index, meteorological condition, and batch (only for biomarkers). Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry was used to profile the EBC metabolome. Untargeted metabolome-wide association study (MWAS) analysis and pathway enrichment analysis using mummichog were performed to identify critical metabolomic features and pathways associated with TRAP exposure. RESULTS Participants had two to three times higher exposure to traffic-related air pollutants except for fine particulate matter while walking along the road compared with in the park. Compared with the low-TRAP exposure at the park, high-TRAP exposure at the road was associated with a higher score of respiratory symptoms [2.615 (95% CI: 0.605, 4.626), p = 1.2 × 10 - 2 ] and relatively lower lung function indicators [- 0.075 L (95% CI: - 0.138 , - 0.012 ), p = 2.1 × 10 - 2 ] for FEV 1 and - 0.190 L / s (95% CI: - 0.351 , - 0.029 ; p = 2.4 × 10 - 2 ) for MMEF]. Exposure to TRAP was significantly associated with changes in some, but not all, biomarkers, particularly with a 0.494 -ng / mL (95% CI: 0.297, 0.691; p = 9.5 × 10 - 6 ) increase for serum SP-D and a 0.123 -ng / mL (95% CI: - 0.208 , - 0.037 ; p = 7.2 × 10 - 3 ) decrease for EBC ezrin. Untargeted MWAS analysis revealed that elevated TRAP exposure was significantly associated with perturbations in 23 and 32 metabolic pathways under positive- and negative-ion modes, respectively. These pathways were most related to inflammatory response, oxidative stress, and energy use metabolism. CONCLUSIONS This study suggests that TRAP exposure might lead to lung function impairment and respiratory symptoms. Possible underlying mechanisms include lung epithelial injury, inflammation, oxidative stress, and energy metabolism disorders. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP11139.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinlei Zhu
- School of Public Health, Key Lab of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education and National Health Commission Key Lab of Health Technology Assessment, Shanghai Institute of Infectious Disease and Biosecurity, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qingli Zhang
- School of Public Health, Key Lab of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education and National Health Commission Key Lab of Health Technology Assessment, Shanghai Institute of Infectious Disease and Biosecurity, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xihao Du
- School of Public Health, Key Lab of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education and National Health Commission Key Lab of Health Technology Assessment, Shanghai Institute of Infectious Disease and Biosecurity, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yixuan Jiang
- School of Public Health, Key Lab of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education and National Health Commission Key Lab of Health Technology Assessment, Shanghai Institute of Infectious Disease and Biosecurity, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yue Niu
- School of Public Health, Key Lab of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education and National Health Commission Key Lab of Health Technology Assessment, Shanghai Institute of Infectious Disease and Biosecurity, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yongjie Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Department of Systems Biology for Medicine, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Steven N. Chillrud
- Division of Geochemistry, Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory of Columbia University, Palisades, New York, USA
| | - Donghai Liang
- Gangarosa Department of Environmental Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Huichu Li
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Renjie Chen
- School of Public Health, Key Lab of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education and National Health Commission Key Lab of Health Technology Assessment, Shanghai Institute of Infectious Disease and Biosecurity, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Haidong Kan
- School of Public Health, Key Lab of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education and National Health Commission Key Lab of Health Technology Assessment, Shanghai Institute of Infectious Disease and Biosecurity, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- National Center for Children’s Health, Children’s Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Cai
- School of Public Health, Key Lab of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education and National Health Commission Key Lab of Health Technology Assessment, Shanghai Institute of Infectious Disease and Biosecurity, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Flood-Garibay JA, Angulo-Molina A, Méndez-Rojas MÁ. Particulate matter and ultrafine particles in urban air pollution and their effect on the nervous system. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE. PROCESSES & IMPACTS 2023; 25:704-726. [PMID: 36752881 DOI: 10.1039/d2em00276k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
According to the World Health Organization, both indoor and urban air pollution are responsible for the deaths of around 3.5 million people annually. During the last few decades, the interest in understanding the composition and health consequences of the complex mixture of polluted air has steadily increased. Today, after decades of detailed research, it is well-recognized that polluted air is a complex mixture containing not only gases (CO, NOx, and SO2) and volatile organic compounds but also suspended particles such as particulate matter (PM). PM comprises particles with sizes in the range of 30 to 2.5 μm (PM30, PM10, and PM2.5) and ultrafine particles (UFPs) (less than 0.1 μm, including nanoparticles). All these constituents have different chemical compositions, origins and health consequences. It has been observed that the concentration of PM and UFPs is high in urban areas with moderate traffic and increases in heavy traffic areas. There is evidence that inhaling PM derived from fossil fuel combustion is associated with a wide variety of harmful effects on human health, which are not solely associated with the respiratory system. There is accumulating evidence that the brains of urban inhabitants contain high concentrations of nanoparticles derived from combustion and there is both epidemiological and experimental evidence that this is correlated with the appearance of neurodegenerative human diseases. Neurological disorders, such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease, multiple sclerosis, and cerebrovascular accidents, are among the main debilitating disorders of our time and their epidemiology can be classified as a public health emergency. Therefore, it is crucial to understand the pathophysiology and molecular mechanisms related to PM exposure, specifically to UFPs, present as pollutants in air, as well as their correlation with the development of neurodegenerative diseases. Furthermore, PM can enhance the transmission of airborne diseases and trigger inflammatory and immune responses, increasing the risk of health complications and mortality. Therefore, understanding the different levels of this issue is important to create and promote preventive actions by both the government and civilians to construct a strategic plan to treat and cope with the current and future epidemic of these types of disorders on a global scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Andrea Flood-Garibay
- Departamento de Ciencias Químico-Biológicas, Escuela de Ciencias, Universidad de las Américas Puebla, Ex-Hda. de Santa Catarina Mártir s/n, San Andrés Cholula, 72820, Puebla, Mexico.
| | | | - Miguel Ángel Méndez-Rojas
- Departamento de Ciencias Químico-Biológicas, Escuela de Ciencias, Universidad de las Américas Puebla, Ex-Hda. de Santa Catarina Mártir s/n, San Andrés Cholula, 72820, Puebla, Mexico.
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20
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Viteri G, Aranda A, de Mera YD, Rodríguez A, Rodríguez D. Air quality assessment in biosphere reserves close to emission sources. The case of the Spanish "Tablas de Daimiel" national park. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 858:159818. [PMID: 36341854 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.159818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
This work shows that biosphere reserves, national parks and other protected natural areas require in situ tools to monitor and detect local and remote air pollution sources which are a threat to flora, fauna water and soil. Industries in surrounding areas, traffic and long-range transport of air pollution, can change with time and meteorology and so each national park should also have a historical database of the air quality in the site. This study reports surface measurements of ozone, NO, NO2, CO, SO2 and PM2.5 acquired from March 2020 to July 2021 in "Las Tablas de Daimiel", a wetland Mediterranean National Park bordered by different cities and new industries in the field of the revalorization of agricultural wastes. Simultaneous data from a background station in a rural area isolated from air pollution are considered as reference. Twelve campaigns of one week duration were also performed to sample air in sorbent tubes to analyse volatile organic compounds from anthropogenic sources. Data are discussed considering meteorology, especially wind speed and direction together with the assessment of back-trajectories of air masses from distant sources. The results show that the effects of pollution from local and faraway sources on air quality in the park were weak. Thus, except for the high levels of ozone, with a mean value of 71 μg.m-3, measured mass loadings for pollutants were low and not in exceedance of the air quality standards. Saharan dust events were frequent and contributed to PM2.5 levels in the site. NOx and SO2 average concentrations (3.2 and 0.4 μg.m-3, respectively) were below the recommended critical levels for vegetation and all the quantified VOCs were found in average concentration levels below 0.5 μg.m-3.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Viteri
- Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Facultad de Ciencias y Tecnologías Químicas, Avenida Camilo José Cela S/n, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - A Aranda
- Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Facultad de Ciencias y Tecnologías Químicas, Avenida Camilo José Cela S/n, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain.
| | - Y Díaz de Mera
- Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Facultad de Ciencias y Tecnologías Químicas, Avenida Camilo José Cela S/n, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - A Rodríguez
- Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Facultad de Ciencias Ambientales y Bioquímica, Avenida Carlos III S/n, 45071 Toledo, Spain
| | - D Rodríguez
- Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Facultad de Ciencias Ambientales y Bioquímica, Avenida Carlos III S/n, 45071 Toledo, Spain
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21
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Ge P, Liu Z, Chen M, Cui Y, Cao M, Liu X. Chemical Characteristics and Cytotoxicity to GC-2spd(ts) Cells of PM 2.5 in Nanjing Jiangbei New Area from 2015 to 2019. TOXICS 2023; 11:92. [PMID: 36850968 PMCID: PMC9966943 DOI: 10.3390/toxics11020092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2022] [Revised: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
PM2.5 is an air pollutant with complex components. After entering the body through respiration, PM2.5 can not only cause respiratory diseases, but also break through the blood-testis barrier and influence the reproductive system. PM2.5 with different components may result in different toxic effects. In the first five years of Nanjing Jiangbei New Area, industrial transformation would change the concentration and chemical fraction of PM2.5 in the local environment to a certain extent. In this study, PM2.5 collected in Nanjing Jiangbei New Area every autumn and winter from 2015 to 2019 was analyzed. PM2.5 concentration generally decreased year by year. The large proportion of secondary inorganic ions indicated the presence of secondary pollution at the sampling site. PM2.5 was mainly emitted from fossil fuel combustion and vehicle exhaust. The cytotoxicity of PM2.5 samples was evaluated by PM2.5 exposure to mouse spermatocytes (GC-2spd(ts) cells). Cell viability was relatively low in 2016 and 2018, and relatively high in 2017 and 2019. Reactive oxygen species levels and DNA damage levels followed similar trends, with an overall annual decrease. The cytotoxicity of PM2.5 on GC-2spd(ts) cells was significantly correlated with water-soluble ions, water-soluble organic carbon, heavy metals and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (p < 0.01). According to principal component analysis and multiple linear regression, fossil fuel combustion, secondary transformation of pollutants and construction dust were identified as the major contributors to cytotoxic effects, contributing more than 50%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengxiang Ge
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control, Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China
| | - Zhengjiang Liu
- Gansu Water Resources and Hydropower Survey and Design Research Institute, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Mindong Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control, Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China
| | - Yan Cui
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control, Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China
| | - Maoyu Cao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control, Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China
| | - Xiaoming Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control, Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China
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22
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Molot J, Sears M, Marshall LM, Bray RI. Neurological susceptibility to environmental exposures: pathophysiological mechanisms in neurodegeneration and multiple chemical sensitivity. REVIEWS ON ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH 2022; 37:509-530. [PMID: 34529912 DOI: 10.1515/reveh-2021-0043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The World Health Organization lists air pollution as one of the top five risks for developing chronic non-communicable disease, joining tobacco use, harmful use of alcohol, unhealthy diets and physical inactivity. This review focuses on how host defense mechanisms against adverse airborne exposures relate to the probable interacting and overlapping pathophysiological features of neurodegeneration and multiple chemical sensitivity. Significant long-term airborne exposures can contribute to oxidative stress, systemic inflammation, transient receptor subfamily vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) and subfamily ankyrin 1 (TRPA1) upregulation and sensitization, with impacts on olfactory and trigeminal nerve function, and eventual loss of brain mass. The potential for neurologic dysfunction, including decreased cognition, chronic pain and central sensitization related to airborne contaminants, can be magnified by genetic polymorphisms that result in less effective detoxification. Onset of neurodegenerative disorders is subtle, with early loss of brain mass and loss of sense of smell. Onset of MCS may be gradual following long-term low dose airborne exposures, or acute following a recognizable exposure. Upregulation of chemosensitive TRPV1 and TRPA1 polymodal receptors has been observed in patients with neurodegeneration, and chemically sensitive individuals with asthma, migraine and MCS. In people with chemical sensitivity, these receptors are also sensitized, which is defined as a reduction in the threshold and an increase in the magnitude of a response to noxious stimulation. There is likely damage to the olfactory system in neurodegeneration and trigeminal nerve hypersensitivity in MCS, with different effects on olfactory processing. The associations of low vitamin D levels and protein kinase activity seen in neurodegeneration have not been studied in MCS. Table 2 presents a summary of neurodegeneration and MCS, comparing 16 distinctive genetic, pathophysiological and clinical features associated with air pollution exposures. There is significant overlap, suggesting potential comorbidity. Canadian Health Measures Survey data indicates an overlap between neurodegeneration and MCS (p < 0.05) that suggests comorbidity, but the extent of increased susceptibility to the other condition is not established. Nevertheless, the pathways to the development of these conditions likely involve TRPV1 and TRPA1 receptors, and so it is hypothesized that manifestation of neurodegeneration and/or MCS and possibly why there is divergence may be influenced by polymorphisms of these receptors, among other factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Molot
- Family Medicine, University of Ottawa Faculty of Medicine, North York, ON, Canada
| | | | | | - Riina I Bray
- Family and Community Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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23
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de la Fuente J, Armas O, Barroso-Arévalo S, Gortázar C, García-Seco T, Buendía-Andrés A, Villanueva F, Soriano JA, Mazuecos L, Vaz-Rodrigues R, García-Contreras R, García A, Monsalve-Serrano J, Domínguez L, Sánchez-Vizcaíno JM. Good and bad get together: Inactivation of SARS-CoV-2 in particulate matter pollution from different fuels. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 844:157241. [PMID: 35817121 PMCID: PMC9264720 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.157241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Revised: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Air pollution and associated particulate matter (PM) affect environmental and human health worldwide. The intense vehicle usage and the high population density in urban areas are the main causes of this public health impact. Epidemiological studies have provided evidence on the effect of air pollution on airborne SARS-CoV-2 transmission and COVID-19 disease prevalence and symptomatology. However, the causal relationship between air pollution and COVID-19 is still under investigation. Based on these results, the question addressed in this study was how long SARS-CoV-2 survives on the surface of PM from different origin to evaluate the relationship between fuel and atmospheric pollution and virus transmission risk. The persistence and viability of SARS-CoV-2 virus was characterized in 5 engine exhaust PM and 4 samples of atmospheric PM10. The results showed that SARS-CoV-2 remains on the surface of PM10 from air pollutants but interaction with engine exhaust PM inactivates the virus. Consequently, atmospheric PM10 levels may increase SARS-CoV-2 transmission risk thus supporting a causal relationship between these factors. Furthermore, the relationship of pollution PM and particularly engine exhaust PM with virus transmission risk and COVID-19 is also affected by the impact of these pollutants on host oxidative stress and immunity. Therefore, although fuel PM inactivates SARS-CoV-2, the conclusion of the study is that both atmospheric and engine exhaust PM negatively impact human health with implications for COVID-19 and other diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- José de la Fuente
- SaBio, Instituto de Investigación en Recursos Cinegéticos IREC-CSIC-UCLM-JCCM, Ronda de Toledo s/n, 13005 Ciudad Real, Spain; Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Center for Veterinary Health Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA.
| | - Octavio Armas
- Escuela de Ingeniería Industrial y Aeroespacial, Universidad de Castilla - La Mancha, Campus de Excelencia Internacional en Energía y Medioambiente, Real Fábrica de Armas, Edif. Sabatini, Av. Carlos III, s/n, 45071 Toledo, Spain
| | - Sandra Barroso-Arévalo
- VISAVET Health Surveillance Centre, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Puerta de Hierro s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain; Department of Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Av. Puerta de Hierro s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Christian Gortázar
- SaBio, Instituto de Investigación en Recursos Cinegéticos IREC-CSIC-UCLM-JCCM, Ronda de Toledo s/n, 13005 Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Teresa García-Seco
- VISAVET Health Surveillance Centre, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Puerta de Hierro s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Aránzazu Buendía-Andrés
- VISAVET Health Surveillance Centre, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Puerta de Hierro s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Florentina Villanueva
- Instituto de Investigación en Combustión y Contaminación Atmosférica, Universidad de Castilla La Mancha, Camino de Moledores s/n, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain; Parque Científico y Tecnológico de Castilla La Mancha, Paseo de La Innovación 1, 02006 Albacete, Spain
| | - José A Soriano
- Escuela de Ingeniería Industrial y Aeroespacial, Universidad de Castilla - La Mancha, Campus de Excelencia Internacional en Energía y Medioambiente, Real Fábrica de Armas, Edif. Sabatini, Av. Carlos III, s/n, 45071 Toledo, Spain
| | - Lorena Mazuecos
- SaBio, Instituto de Investigación en Recursos Cinegéticos IREC-CSIC-UCLM-JCCM, Ronda de Toledo s/n, 13005 Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Rita Vaz-Rodrigues
- SaBio, Instituto de Investigación en Recursos Cinegéticos IREC-CSIC-UCLM-JCCM, Ronda de Toledo s/n, 13005 Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Reyes García-Contreras
- Escuela de Ingeniería Industrial y Aeroespacial, Universidad de Castilla - La Mancha, Campus de Excelencia Internacional en Energía y Medioambiente, Real Fábrica de Armas, Edif. Sabatini, Av. Carlos III, s/n, 45071 Toledo, Spain
| | - Antonio García
- CMT-Motores Térmicos, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - Javier Monsalve-Serrano
- CMT-Motores Térmicos, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - Lucas Domínguez
- VISAVET Health Surveillance Centre, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Puerta de Hierro s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain; Department of Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Av. Puerta de Hierro s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - José Manuel Sánchez-Vizcaíno
- VISAVET Health Surveillance Centre, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Puerta de Hierro s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain; Department of Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Av. Puerta de Hierro s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain
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Li X, Zhou LX, Yang LL, Huang XL, Wang N, Hu YG, Tang EJ, Xiao H, Zhou YM, Li YF, Lu YG, Cai TJ. The relationship between short-term PM 2.5 exposure and outpatient visits for acne vulgaris in Chongqing, China: a time-series study. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:61502-61511. [PMID: 35442002 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-20236-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Many researches have reported the air pollution impacts, either long term or short term, on inflammatory skin diseases, but there are few studies on the relation between PM2.5 and acne vulgaris. To determine the correlation between short-term PM2.5 exposure and acne outpatient visits, data for 120,842 acne vulgaris outpatient visits between December 2013 and December 2019 were obtained from three large hospitals in Chongqing, China. Both single-pollutant models and two-pollutant models were established to explore the relationship between PM2.5 exposure and acne outpatient visits. The stratified analyses were conducted through two-sample z-tests to investigate the possible gender (male or female) and age (< 25 years or ≥ 25 years) differences in PM2.5 effects. The results demonstrated positive correlations between PM2.5 concentrations and acne outpatient visits. A 10 μg/m3 increase in PM2.5 concentration was associated with a 1.71% (95% CI: 1.06-2.36%) increase in acne outpatient visits at lag 0-7 day. Stratified analyses showed that PM2.5 effects were greater in individuals aged ≥ 25 years than those aged < 25 years, but no gender difference was found. In conclusion, short-term PM2.5 exposure was positively associated with the risk of acne outpatient visits, especially for people ≥ 25 years old.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Li
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Preventive Medicine, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
- Department of Plastic & Cosmetic Surgery, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Lai-Xin Zhou
- Medical Department, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Li-Li Yang
- Department of Information, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, 400037, China
| | - Xiao-Long Huang
- Medical Department, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Nan Wang
- Medical Department, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, 400037, China
| | - Yue-Gu Hu
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Preventive Medicine, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - En-Jie Tang
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Preventive Medicine, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Hua Xiao
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Preventive Medicine, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Yu-Meng Zhou
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Preventive Medicine, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Ya-Fei Li
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Preventive Medicine, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Yuan-Gang Lu
- Department of Plastic & Cosmetic Surgery, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Tong-Jian Cai
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Preventive Medicine, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China.
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Protective Abilities of an Inhaled DPI Formulation Based on Sodium Hyaluronate against Environmental Hazards Targeting the Upper Respiratory Tract. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14071323. [PMID: 35890219 PMCID: PMC9318658 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14071323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Revised: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The exposure of lung epithelium to environmental hazards is linked to several chronic respiratory diseases. We assessed the ability of an inhaled dry powder (DPI) medical device product (PolmonYDEFENCE/DYFESATM, SOFAR SpA, Trezzano Rosa, Italy), using a formulation of sodium hyaluronate (Na-Hya) as the key ingredient as a defensive barrier to protect the upper respiratory tract. Specifically, it was evaluated if the presence of the barrier formed by sodium hyaluronate present on the cells, reducing direct contact of the urban dust (UD) with the surface of cells can protect them in an indirect manner by the inflammatory and oxidative process started in the presence of the UD. Cytotoxicity and the protection capability against the oxidative stress of the product were tested in vitro using Calu-3 cells exposure to UD as a trigger for oxidative stress. Inflammation and wound healing were assessed using an air-liquid interface (ALI) culture model of the Calu-3 cells. Deposition studies of the formulation were conducted using a modified Anderson cascade impactor (ACI) and the monodose PillHaler® dry powder inhaler (DPI) device, Na-Hya was detected and quantified using high-performance-liquid-chromatography (HPLC). Solubilised PolmonYDEFENCE/DYFESATM gives protection against oxidative stress in Calu-3 cells in the short term (2 h) without any cytotoxic effects. ALI culture experiments, testing the barrier-forming (non-solubilised) capabilities of PolmonYDEFENCE/DYFESATM, showed that the barrier layer reduced inflammation triggered by UD and the time for wound closure compared to Na-Hya alone. Deposition experiments using the ACI and the PillHaler® DPI device showed that the majority of the product was deposited in the upper part of the respiratory tract. Finally, the protective effect of the product was efficacious for up to 24 h without affecting mucus production. We demonstrated the potential of PolmonYDEFENCE/DYFESATM as a preventative barrier against UD, which may aid in protecting the upper respiratory tract against environmental hazards and help with chronic respiratory diseases.
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Romeo D, Hischier R, Nowack B, Wick P. Approach toward In Vitro-Based Human Toxicity Effect Factors for the Life Cycle Impact Assessment of Inhaled Low-Solubility Particles. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2022; 56:8552-8560. [PMID: 35657801 PMCID: PMC9227749 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.2c01816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Today's scarcity of animal toxicological data for nanomaterials could be lifted by substituting in vivo data with in vitro data to calculate nanomaterials' effect factors (EF) for Life Cycle Assessment (LCA). Here, we present a step-by-step procedure to calculate in vitro-to-in vivo extrapolation factors to estimate human Benchmark Doses and subsequently in vitro-based EFs for several inhaled nonsoluble nanomaterials. Based on mouse data, the in vitro-based EF of TiO2 is between 2.76 · 10-4 and 1.10 · 10-3 cases/(m2/g·kg intake), depending on the aerodynamic size of the particle, which is in good agreement with in vivo-based EFs (1.51 · 10-4-5.6 · 10-2 cases/(m2/g·kg intake)). The EF for amorphous silica is in a similar range as for TiO2, but the result is less robust due to only few in vivo data available. The results based on rat data are very different, confirming the importance of selecting animal species representative of human responses. The discrepancy between in vivo and in vitro animal data in terms of availability and quality limits the coverage of further nanomaterials. Systematic testing on human and animal cells is needed to reduce the variability in toxicological response determined by the differences in experimental conditions, thus helping improve the predictivity of in vitro-to-in vivo extrapolation factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daina Romeo
- Particles-Biology
Interactions Laboratory, Empa, Swiss Federal
Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, 9014 St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Roland Hischier
- Technology and Society Laboratory, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and
Technology, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, 9014 St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Bernd Nowack
- Technology and Society Laboratory, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and
Technology, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, 9014 St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Peter Wick
- Particles-Biology
Interactions Laboratory, Empa, Swiss Federal
Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, 9014 St. Gallen, Switzerland
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Particulate matter in COPD pathogenesis: an overview. Inflamm Res 2022; 71:797-815. [PMID: 35710643 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-022-01594-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Revised: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a progressive lung disorder with substantial patient burden and leading cause of death globally. Cigarette smoke remains to be the most recognised causative factor behind COPD pathogenesis. Given the alarming increase in prevalence of COPD amongst non-smokers in recent past, a potential role of air pollution particularly particulate matter (PM) in COPD development has gained much attention of the scientists. Indeed, several epidemiological studies indicate strong correlation between airborne PM and COPD incidence/exacerbations. PM-induced oxidative stress seems to be the major player in orchestrating COPD inflammatory cycle but the exact molecular mechanism(s) behind such a process are still poorly understood. This may be due to the complexity of multiple molecular pathways involved. Oxidative stress-linked mitochondrial dysfunction and autophagy have also gained importance and have been the focus of recent studies regarding COPD pathogenesis. Accordingly, the present review is aimed at understanding the key molecular players behind PM-mediated COPD pathogenesis through analysis of various experimental studies supported by epidemiological data to identify relevant preventive/therapeutic targets in the area.
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Valderrama A, Ortiz-Hernández P, Agraz-Cibrián JM, Tabares-Guevara JH, Gómez DM, Zambrano-Zaragoza JF, Taborda NA, Hernandez JC. Particulate matter (PM 10) induces in vitro activation of human neutrophils, and lung histopathological alterations in a mouse model. Sci Rep 2022; 12:7581. [PMID: 35534522 PMCID: PMC9083477 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-11553-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The epidemiological association between exposure to particulate matter (PM10) and various respiratory and cardiovascular problems is well known, but the mechanisms driving these effects remain unclear. Neutrophils play an essential role in immune defense against foreign agents and also participate in the development of inflammatory responses. However, the role of these cells in the PM10 induced inflammatory response is not yet fully established. Thus, this study aims to evaluate the effect of PM10 on the neutrophil-mediated inflammatory response. For this, neutrophils from healthy adult human donors were in vitro exposed to different concentrations of PM10. The cell viability and cytotoxic activity were evaluated by MTT. LDH, propidium iodide and reactive oxygen species (ROS) were quantified by flow cytometry. Interleukin 8 (IL-8) expression, peptidyl arginine deiminase 4 (PAD4), myeloperoxidase (MPO), and neutrophil elastase (NE) expression were measured by RT-PCR. IL-8 was also quantified by ELISA. Fluorescence microscopy was used to evaluate neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) release. The in vivo inflammatory responses were assessed in BALB/c mice exposed to PM10 by histopathology and RT-PCR. The analysis shows that PM10 exposure induced a cytotoxic effect on neutrophils, evidenced by necrosis and LDH release at high PM10 concentrations. ROS production, IL-8, MPO, NE expression, and NETs release were increased at all PM10 concentrations assessed. Neutrophil infiltration in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), histopathological changes with inflammatory cell infiltration, and CXCL1 expression were observed in PM10-treated mice. The results suggest that lung inflammation in response to PM10 could be mediated by neutrophils activation. In this case, these cells migrate to the lungs and release pro-inflamatory mediators, including ROS, IL-8, and NETs. Thus, contributing to the exacerbation of respiratory pathologies, such as allergies, infectious and obstructive diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrés Valderrama
- Infettare, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Paul Ortiz-Hernández
- Unidad Académica de Ciencias Químico Biológicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit, Tepic, Nayarit, México
| | - Juan Manuel Agraz-Cibrián
- Unidad Académica de Ciencias Químico Biológicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit, Tepic, Nayarit, México
| | | | - Diana M Gómez
- Infettare, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia, Medellín, Colombia
| | | | - Natalia A Taborda
- Grupo de Investigaciones Biomédicas Uniremington, Programa de Medicina, Facultad de Ciencias de La Salud, Corporación Universitaria Remington, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Juan C Hernandez
- Infettare, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia, Medellín, Colombia.
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New Homogeneous Spatial Areas Identified Using Case-Crossover Spatial Lag Grid Differences between Aerosol Optical Depth-PM2.5 and Respiratory-Cardiovascular Emergency Department Visits and Hospitalizations. ATMOSPHERE 2022; 13:1-33. [PMID: 36003277 PMCID: PMC9393882 DOI: 10.3390/atmos13050719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Optimal use of Hierarchical Bayesian Model (HBM)-assembled aerosol optical depth (AOD)-PM2.5 fused surfaces in epidemiologic studies requires homogeneous temporal and spatial fused surfaces. No analytical method is available to evaluate spatial heterogeneity. The temporal case-crossover design was modified to assess the spatial association between four experimental AOD-PM2.5 fused surfaces and four respiratory–cardiovascular hospital events in 12 km2 grids. The maximum number of adjacent lag grids with significant odds ratios (ORs) identified homogeneous spatial areas (HOSAs). The largest HOSA included five grids (lag grids 04; 720 km2) and the smallest HOSA contained two grids (lag grids 01; 288 km2). Emergency department asthma and inpatient asthma, myocardial infarction, and heart failure ORs were significantly higher in rural grids without air monitors than in urban grids with air monitors at lag grids 0, 1, and 01. Rural grids had higher AOD-PM2.5 concentration levels, population density, and poverty percentages than urban grids. Warm season ORs were significantly higher than cold season ORs for all health outcomes at lag grids 0, 1, 01, and 04. The possibility of elevated fine and ultrafine PM and other demographic and environmental risk factors synergistically contributing to elevated respiratory–cardiovascular chronic diseases in persons residing in rural areas was discussed.
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Abstract
Human health is reflected in all spheres of life and the economy. One of the main causes of morbidity and early mortality is polluted air. Ambient air pollution is a serious source of disease and mortality across the world. Cities are notorious for their high levels of air pollution and sickness. However, the precise degree of the health impacts of air pollution at the municipal level are still largely unclear. One of the main reasons for increased morbidity is the presence of particulate matter. The aim of our study is to show the relationship between elevated levels of particulate matter in the air and certain diseases. In this paper, we apply InterCriteria Analysis (ICrA) to find the correlation between the level of air pollution and the number of people seeking medical help. This is a new approach for the problem. The results show the affect of air pollution on certain diseases with a short exposure on polluted air and when the exposure is prolonged. We observed that some diseases are exacerbated by brief exposure to polluted air, while in others, exacerbation occurs after prolonged exposure.
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Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor (AhR) Limits the Inflammatory Responses in Human Lung Adenocarcinoma A549 Cells via Interference with NF-κB Signaling. Cells 2022; 11:cells11040707. [PMID: 35203356 PMCID: PMC8870046 DOI: 10.3390/cells11040707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Revised: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Apart from its role in the metabolism of carcinogens, the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) has been suggested to be involved in the control of inflammatory responses within the respiratory tract. However, the mechanisms responsible for this are only partially known. In this study, we used A549 cell line, as a human model of lung alveolar type II (ATII)-like cells, to study the functional role of the AhR in control of inflammatory responses. Using IL-1β as an inflammation inducer, we found that the induction of cyclooxygenase-2 and secretion of prostaglandins, as well as expression and release of pro-inflammatory cytokines, were significantly higher in the AhR-deficient A549 cells. This was linked with an increased nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) activity, and significantly enhanced phosphorylation of its regulators, IKKα/β, and their target IκBα, in the AhR-deficient A549 cells. In line with this, when we mimicked the exposure to a complex mixture of airborne pollutants, using an organic extract of reference diesel exhaust particle mixture, an exacerbated inflammatory response was observed in the AhR-deficient cells, as compared with wild-type A549 cells. Together, the present results indicate that the AhR may act as a negative regulator of the inflammatory response in the A549 model, via a direct modulation of NF-κB signaling. Its role(s) in the control of inflammation within the lung alveoli exposed to airborne pollutants, especially those which simultaneously activate the AhR, thus deserve further attention.
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Jha AK, Gairola S, Kundu S, Doye P, Syed AM, Ram C, Kulhari U, Kumar N, Murty US, Sahu BD. Biological Activities, Pharmacokinetics and Toxicity of Nootkatone: A Review. Mini Rev Med Chem 2022; 22:2244-2259. [DOI: 10.2174/1389557522666220214092005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Abstract:
Plant-based drugs have a significant impact on modern therapeutics due to their vast array of pharmacological activities. The integration of herbal plants in the current healthcare system has emerged as a new field of research. It can be used for the identification of novel lead compound candidates for future drug development. Nootkatone is a sesquiterpene derivative and an isolate of grapefruit. Shreds of evidence illustrate that nootkatone targets few molecular mechanisms to exhibit its pharmacological activity and yet needs more exploration to be established. The current review is related to nootkatone, drafted through a literature search using research articles and books from different sources, including Science Direct, Google Scholar, Elsevier, PubMed, and Scopus. It has been reported to possess a wide range of pharmacological activities such as anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antibacterial, hepatoprotective, neuroprotective, and cardioprotective. Although preclinical studies in experimental animal models suggest that nootkatone has therapeutic potential, it is further warranted to evaluate its toxicity and pharmacokinetic parameters before being applied to humans. Hence in the present review, we have summarized the scientific knowledge on nootkatone with a particular emphasis on its pharmacological properties to encourage researchers for further exploration in preclinical and clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankush Kumar Jha
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Guwahati, Changsari, PIN-781101, Assam, India
| | - Shobhit Gairola
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Guwahati, Changsari, PIN-781101, Assam, India
| | - Sourav Kundu
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Guwahati, Changsari, PIN-781101, Assam, India
| | - Pakpi Doye
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Guwahati, Changsari, PIN-781101, Assam, India
| | - Abu Mohammad Syed
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Guwahati, Changsari, PIN-781101, Assam, India
| | - Chetan Ram
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Guwahati, Changsari, PIN-781101, Assam, India
| | - Uttam Kulhari
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Guwahati, Changsari, PIN-781101, Assam, India
| | - Naresh Kumar
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Guwahati, Changsari, PIN-781101, Assam, India
| | - Upadhyayula Suryanarayana Murty
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Guwahati, Changsari, PIN-781101, Assam, India
| | - Bidya Dhar Sahu
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Guwahati, Changsari, PIN-781101, Assam, India
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Revisiting Total Particle Number Measurements for Vehicle Exhaust Regulations. ATMOSPHERE 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/atmos13020155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Road transport significantly contributes to air pollution in cities. Emission regulations have led to significantly reduced emissions in modern vehicles. Particle emissions are controlled by a particulate matter (PM) mass and a solid particle number (SPN) limit. There are concerns that the SPN limit does not effectively control all relevant particulate species and there are instances of semi-volatile particle emissions that are order of magnitudes higher than the SPN emission levels. This overview discusses whether a new metric (total particles, i.e., solids and volatiles) should be introduced for the effective regulation of vehicle emissions. Initially, it summarizes recent findings on the contribution of road transport to particle number concentration levels in cities. Then, both solid and total particle emission levels from modern vehicles are presented and the adverse health effects of solid and volatile particles are briefly discussed. Finally, the open issues regarding an appropriate methodology (sampling and instrumentation) in order to achieve representative and reproducible results are summarized. The main finding of this overview is that, even though total particle sampling and quantification is feasible, details for its realization in a regulatory context are lacking. It is important to define the methodology details (sampling and dilution, measurement instrumentation, relevant sizes, etc.) and conduct inter-laboratory exercises to determine the reproducibility of a proposed method. It is also necessary to monitor the vehicle emissions according to the new method to understand current and possible future levels. With better understanding of the instances of formation of nucleation mode particles it will be possible to identify its culprits (e.g., fuel, lubricant, combustion, or aftertreatment operation). Then the appropriate solutions can be enforced and the right decisions can be taken on the need for new regulatory initiatives, for example the addition of total particles in the tailpipe, decrease of specific organic precursors, better control of inorganic precursors (e.g., NH3, SOx), or revision of fuel and lubricant specifications.
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Brunst KJ, Hsu HHL, Zhang L, Zhang X, Carroll KN, Just A, Coull BA, Kloog I, Wright RO, Baccarelli AA, Wright RJ. Prenatal particulate matter exposure and mitochondrial mutational load at the maternal-fetal interface: Effect modification by genetic ancestry. Mitochondrion 2022; 62:102-110. [PMID: 34785263 PMCID: PMC9175302 DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2021.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Revised: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Prenatal ambient particulate matter (PM2.5) exposure impacts infant development and alters placental mitochondrial DNA abundance. We investigated whether the timing of PM2.5 exposure predicts placental mitochondrial mutational load using NextGen sequencing in 283 multi-ethnic mother-infant dyads. We observed increased PM2.5exposure, particularly during mid- to late-pregnancy and among genes coding for NADH dehydrogenase and subunits of ATP synthase, was associated with a greater amount of nonsynonymous mutations. The strongest associations were observed for participants of African ancestry. Further work is needed to tease out the role of mitochondrial genetics and its impact on offspring development and emerging disease disparities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly J Brunst
- Department of Environmental and Public Health Sciences, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, 160 Panzeca Way, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA.
| | - Hsiao-Hsien Leon Hsu
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 17 East 102(nd) St. New York, NY 10029, USA.
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Environmental and Public Health Sciences, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, 160 Panzeca Way, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA.
| | - Xiang Zhang
- Department of Environmental and Public Health Sciences, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, 160 Panzeca Way, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA.
| | - Kecia N Carroll
- Kravis Children's Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 17 East 102(nd) St. New York, NY 10029, USA; Institute for Exposomic Research, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 17 East 102(nd) St., New York, NY 10029, USA.
| | - Allan Just
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 17 East 102(nd) St. New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Brent A Coull
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 655 Huntington Ave., Boston, MA 02115, USA.
| | - Itai Kloog
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 17 East 102(nd) St. New York, NY 10029, USA; Department of Geography and Environmental Development, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, P.O.B 653, Beer Sheva, Israel.
| | - Robert O Wright
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 17 East 102(nd) St. New York, NY 10029, USA; Institute for Exposomic Research, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 17 East 102(nd) St., New York, NY 10029, USA.
| | - Andrea A Baccarelli
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University Medical Center, 722 W 168(th) St. New York, NY 10032, USA.
| | - Rosalind J Wright
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 17 East 102(nd) St. New York, NY 10029, USA; Institute for Exposomic Research, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 17 East 102(nd) St., New York, NY 10029, USA.
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Tang S, Li T, Fang J, Chen R, Cha Y, Wang Y, Zhu M, Zhang Y, Chen Y, Du Y, Yu T, Thompson DC, Godri Pollitt KJ, Vasiliou V, Ji JS, Kan H, Zhang JJ, Shi X. The exposome in practice: an exploratory panel study of biomarkers of air pollutant exposure in Chinese people aged 60-69 years (China BAPE Study). ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2021; 157:106866. [PMID: 34525388 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2021.106866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Revised: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 09/05/2021] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
The exposome overhauls conventional environmental health impact research paradigms and provides a novel methodological framework that comprehensively addresses the complex, highly dynamic interplays of exogenous exposures, endogenous exposures, and modifiable factors in humans. Holistic assessments of the adverse health effects and systematic elucidation of the mechanisms underlying environmental exposures are major scientific challenges with widespread societal implications. However, to date, few studies have comprehensively and simultaneously measured airborne pollutant exposures and explored the associated biomarkers in susceptible healthy elderly subjects, potentially resulting in the suboptimal assessment and management of health risks. To demonstrate the exposome paradigm, we describe the rationale and design of a comprehensive biomarker and biomonitoring panel study to systematically explore the association between individual airborne exposure and adverse health outcomes. We used a combination of personal monitoring for airborne pollutants, extensive human biomonitoring, advanced omics analysis, confounding information, and statistical methods. We established an exploratory panel study of Biomarkers of Air Pollutant Exposure in Chinese people aged 60-69 years (China BAPE), which included 76 healthy residents from a representative community in Jinan City, Shandong Province. During the period between September 2018 and January 2019, we conducted prospective longitudinal monitoring with a 3-day assessment every month. This project: (1) leveraged advanced tools for personal airborne exposure monitoring (external exposures); (2) comprehensively characterized biological samples for exogenous and endogenous compounds (e.g., targeted and untargeted monitoring) and multi-omics scale measurements to explore potential biomarkers and putative toxicity pathways; and (3) systematically evaluated the relationships between personal exposure to air pollutants, and novel biomarkers of exposures and effects using exposome-wide association study approaches. These findings will contribute to our understanding of the mechanisms underlying the adverse health impacts of air pollution exposures and identify potential adverse clinical outcomes that can facilitate the development of effective prevention and targeted intervention techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song Tang
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health, National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100021, China; Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
| | - Tiantian Li
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health, National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100021, China; Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
| | - Jianlong Fang
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health, National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Renjie Chen
- School of Public Health, Key Lab of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education and NHC Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yu'e Cha
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health, National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Yanwen Wang
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health, National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Mu Zhu
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health, National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health, National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Yuanyuan Chen
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health, National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Yanjun Du
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health, National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Tianwei Yu
- Institute for Data and Decision Analytics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518172, China
| | - David C Thompson
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Krystal J Godri Pollitt
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Vasilis Vasiliou
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - John S Ji
- Environmental Research Center, Duke Kunshan University, Kunshan, Jiangsu 215316, China; Global Health Institute & Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Haidong Kan
- School of Public Health, Key Lab of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education and NHC Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Junfeng Jim Zhang
- Environmental Research Center, Duke Kunshan University, Kunshan, Jiangsu 215316, China; Global Health Institute & Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Xiaoming Shi
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health, National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100021, China; Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China.
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Nettore IC, Franchini F, Palatucci G, Macchia PE, Ungaro P. Epigenetic Mechanisms of Endocrine-Disrupting Chemicals in Obesity. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9111716. [PMID: 34829943 PMCID: PMC8615468 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9111716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Revised: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The incidence of obesity has dramatically increased over the last decades. Recently, there has been a growing interest in the possible association between the pandemics of obesity and some endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs), termed “obesogens”. These are a heterogeneous group of exogenous compounds that can interfere in the endocrine regulation of energy metabolism and adipose tissue structure. Oral intake, inhalation, and dermal absorption represent the major sources of human exposure to these EDCs. Recently, epigenetic changes such as the methylation of cytosine residues on DNA, post-translational modification of histones, and microRNA expression have been considered to act as an intermediary between deleterious effects of EDCs and obesity development in susceptible individuals. Specifically, EDCs exposure during early-life development can detrimentally affect individuals via inducing epigenetic modifications that can permanently change the epigenome in the germline, enabling changes to be transmitted to the next generations and predisposing them to a multitude of diseases. The purpose of this review is to analyze the epigenetic alterations putatively induced by chemical exposures and their ability to interfere with the control of energy metabolism and adipose tissue regulation, resulting in imbalances in the control of body weight, which can lead to obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Immacolata Cristina Nettore
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Via S. Pansini, 80131 Naples, Italy; (I.C.N.); (F.F.); (G.P.); (P.E.M.)
| | - Fabiana Franchini
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Via S. Pansini, 80131 Naples, Italy; (I.C.N.); (F.F.); (G.P.); (P.E.M.)
| | - Giuseppe Palatucci
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Via S. Pansini, 80131 Naples, Italy; (I.C.N.); (F.F.); (G.P.); (P.E.M.)
| | - Paolo Emidio Macchia
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Via S. Pansini, 80131 Naples, Italy; (I.C.N.); (F.F.); (G.P.); (P.E.M.)
| | - Paola Ungaro
- Istituto per l’Endocrinologia e l’Oncologia Sperimentale del CNR “G. Salvatore”, Via S. Pansini, 80131 Naples, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-081-770-4795
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Sun Q, Ren X, Sun Z, Duan J. The critical role of epigenetic mechanism in PM 2.5-induced cardiovascular diseases. Genes Environ 2021; 43:47. [PMID: 34654488 PMCID: PMC8518296 DOI: 10.1186/s41021-021-00219-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) has become the leading cause of death worldwide, which seriously threatens human life and health. Epidemiological studies have confirmed the occurrence and development of CVD are closely related to air pollution. In particular, fine particulate matter (PM2.5) is recognized as an important environmental factor contributing to increased morbidity, mortality and hospitalization rates among adults and children. However, the underlying mechanism by which PM2.5 promotes CVD development remains unclear. With the development of epigenetics, recent studies have shown that PM2.5 exposure may induce or aggravate CVD through epigenetic changes. In order to better understand the potential mechanisms, this paper reviews the epigenetic changes of CVD caused by PM2.5. We summarized the epigenetic mechanisms of PM2.5 causing cardiovascular pathological damage and functional changes, mainly involving DNA methylation, non-coding RNA, histone modification and chromosome remodeling. It will provide important clues for exploring the biological mechanisms affecting cardiovascular health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinglin Sun
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, 100069, Beijing, P.R. China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, 100069, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoke Ren
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, 100069, Beijing, P.R. China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, 100069, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Zhiwei Sun
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, 100069, Beijing, P.R. China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, 100069, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Junchao Duan
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, 100069, Beijing, P.R. China. .,Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, 100069, Beijing, P.R. China. .,School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, 100069, Beijing, P.R. China.
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Particulate Matter Exposure and Allergic Rhinitis: The Role of Plasmatic Extracellular Vesicles and Bacterial Nasal Microbiome. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph182010689. [PMID: 34682436 PMCID: PMC8535327 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182010689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Revised: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Particulate matter (PM) exposure is linked to the worsening of respiratory conditions, including allergic rhinitis (AR), as it can trigger nasal and systemic inflammation. To unveil the underlying molecular mechanisms, we investigated the effects of PM exposure on the release of plasmatic extracellular vesicles (EV) and on the complex cross-talk between the host and the nasal microbiome. To this aim, we evaluated the effects of PM10 and PM2.5 exposures on both the bacteria-derived-EV portion (bEV) and the host-derived EVs (hEV), as well as on bacterial nasal microbiome (bNM) features in 26 AR patients and 24 matched healthy subjects (HS). In addition, we assessed the role exerted by the bNM as a modifier of PM effects on the complex EV signaling network in the paradigmatic context of AR. We observed that PM exposure differently affected EV release and bNM composition in HS compared to AR, thus potentially contributing to the molecular mechanisms underlying AR. The obtained results represent the first step towards the understanding of the complex signaling network linking external stimuli, bNM composition, and the immune risponse.
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Gupta A, Sasse SK, Gruca MA, Sanford L, Dowell RD, Gerber AN. Deconvolution of multiplexed transcriptional responses to wood smoke particles defines rapid aryl hydrocarbon receptor signaling dynamics. J Biol Chem 2021; 297:101147. [PMID: 34520756 PMCID: PMC8517214 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2021.101147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Revised: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The heterogeneity of respirable particulates and compounds complicates our understanding of transcriptional responses to air pollution. Here, we address this by applying precision nuclear run-on sequencing and the assay for transposase-accessible chromatin sequencing to measure nascent transcription and chromatin accessibility in airway epithelial cells after wood smoke particle (WSP) exposure. We used transcription factor enrichment analysis to identify temporally distinct roles for ternary response factor-serum response factor complexes, the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR), and NFκB in regulating transcriptional changes induced by WSP. Transcription of canonical targets of the AHR, such as CYP1A1 and AHRR, was robustly increased after just 30 min of WSP exposure, and we discovered novel AHR-regulated pathways and targets including the DNA methyltransferase, DNMT3L. Transcription of these genes and associated enhancers rapidly returned to near baseline by 120 min after exposure. The kinetics of AHR- and NFκB-regulated responses to WSP were distinguishable based on the timing of both transcriptional responses and chromatin remodeling, with induction of several cytokines implicated in maintaining NFκB-mediated responses through 120 min of exposure. In aggregate, our data establish a direct and primary role for AHR in mediating airway epithelial responses to WSP and identify crosstalk between AHR and NFκB signaling in controlling proinflammatory gene expression. This work also defines an integrated genomics-based strategy for deconvoluting multiplexed transcriptional responses to heterogeneous environmental exposures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnav Gupta
- Department of Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado, USA; Department of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Sarah K Sasse
- Department of Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado, USA
| | - Margaret A Gruca
- BioFrontiers Institute, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | - Lynn Sanford
- BioFrontiers Institute, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | - Robin D Dowell
- BioFrontiers Institute, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado, USA; Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado, USA; Department of Computer Science, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | - Anthony N Gerber
- Department of Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado, USA; Department of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA; Department of Immunology and Genomic Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado, USA.
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Experimental Study of the Performance of a Laboratory-Scale ESP with Biomass Combustion: Discharge Electrode Disposition, Dynamic Control Unit and Aging Effect. SUSTAINABILITY 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/su131810344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The increasing use of biomass combustion systems as household appliances for heat generation is causing concern about local air quality. Areas with high concentrations of particulate matter (PM) emissions are linked to health risks. There is a need for a removal device that collects the particles before they reach the atmosphere. Electrostatic precipitators (ESPs) are the most suitable option. In this study, a laboratory-scale prototype ESP was tested with a pellet boiler. Retention efficiencies above 90% were obtained with three different discharge electrode dispositions. The continuous operation of the ESP was achieved with a dynamic control system despite fluctuations in emissions, gas conditions, etc. The accumulation of particles on inner ESP surfaces over the operation time reduced the effectiveness of the electric field, and thus retention efficiency. In this study, the retention efficiency fell from 90% to 31% in 34 h.
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Chan TK, Bramono D, Bourokba N, Krishna V, Wang ST, Neo BH, Lim RYX, Kim H, Misra N, Lim S, Betts RJ. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons regulate the pigmentation pathway and induce DNA damage responses in keratinocytes, a process driven by systemic immunity. J Dermatol Sci 2021; 104:83-94. [PMID: 34690024 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdermsci.2021.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Revised: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 09/12/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Urban pollution is correlated with an increased prevalence of skin pigmentation disorders, however the physiological processes underlying this association are unclear. OBJECTIVES To delineate the relationship between polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), a key constituent of atmospheric pollution, and immunity/skin pigmentation pathways. METHODS We exposed peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) to PAHs and performed cytokines/chemokine profiling. We then examined the effect of immune activation on pigmentation by co-culturing PBMC and Benzo(a)pyrene (BaP) with reconstructed human pigmented epidermis (RHPE). To study the mechanism, we treated keratinocytes with conditioned medium from BaP-exposed PBMC and studied DNA damage responses, aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) activation and pro-pigmentation factor, proopiomelanocortin (POMC) secretion. RESULTS PAHs induced up-regulation of inflammatory cytokines/chemokine in PBMC. Co-culturing of RHPE with PBMC+BaP resulted in increased melanin content and localization. BaP-conditioned medium significantly increased DNA damage, p53 stabilization, AhR activation and POMC secretion in keratinocytes. We found that IFNγ induced DNA damage, while TNFα and IL-8 potentiated POMC secretion in keratinocytes. Importantly, BaP-conditioned medium-induced DNA damage and POMC secretion is prevented by antioxidants vitamin E, vitamin C and sulforaphane, as well as the prototypical corticosteroid dexamethasone. Finally, vitamin C and sulforaphane enhanced the genome protective and depigmentation effects of dexamethasone, providing proof-of-concept for a combinatorial approach for the prevention and/or correction of PAH-induced pigment spots formation. CONCLUSION Our study reveals the importance of systemic immunity in regulating PAH-induced skin pigmentation, and provide a new keratinocyte DNA damage response mechanistic target for the prevention or reversal of pollution-associated skin pigmentation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Hyoju Kim
- L'Oréal Research & Innovation, Singapore
| | - Namita Misra
- L'Oréal Research & Innovation, Aulnay sous Bois, France
| | - Shawn Lim
- L'Oréal Research & Innovation, Singapore
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Lu RXZ, Radisic M. Organ-on-a-chip platforms for evaluation of environmental nanoparticle toxicity. Bioact Mater 2021; 6:2801-2819. [PMID: 33665510 PMCID: PMC7900603 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2021.01.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2020] [Revised: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite showing a great promise in the field of nanomedicine, nanoparticles have gained a significant attention from regulatory agencies regarding their possible adverse health effects upon environmental exposure. Whether those nanoparticles are generated through intentional or unintentional means, the constant exposure to nanomaterials can inevitably lead to unintended consequences based on epidemiological data, yet the current understanding of nanotoxicity is insufficient relative to the rate of their emission in the environment and the lack of predictive platforms that mimic the human physiology. This calls for a development of more physiologically relevant models, which permit the comprehensive and systematic examination of toxic properties of nanoparticles. With the advancement in microfabrication techniques, scientists have shifted their focus on the development of an engineered system that acts as an intermediate between a well-plate system and animal models, known as organ-on-a-chips. The ability of organ-on-a-chip models to recapitulate in vivo like microenvironment and responses offers a new avenue for nanotoxicological research. In this review, we aim to provide overview of assessing potential risks of nanoparticle exposure using organ-on-a-chip systems and their potential to delineate biological mechanisms of epidemiological findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rick Xing Ze Lu
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Milica Radisic
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Toronto General Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
- The Heart and Stroke/Richard Lewar Centre of Excellence, Toronto, ON, Canada
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Liu M, Shi Z, Yin Y, Wang Y, Mu N, Li C, Ma H, Wang Q. Particulate matter 2.5 triggers airway inflammation and bronchial hyperresponsiveness in mice by activating the SIRT2-p65 pathway. Front Med 2021; 15:750-766. [PMID: 34181194 DOI: 10.1007/s11684-021-0839-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Exposure to particulate matter 2.5 (PM2.5) potentially triggers airway inflammation by activating nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB). Sirtuin 2 (SIRT2) is a key modulator in inflammation. However, the function and specific mechanisms of SIRT2 in PM2.5-induced airway inflammation are largely understudied. Therefore, this work investigated the mechanisms of SIRT2 in regulating the phosphorylation and acetylation of p65 influenced by PM2.5-induced airway inflammation and bronchial hyperresponsiveness. Results revealed that PM2.5 exposure lowered the expression and activity of SIRT2 in bronchial tissues. Subsequently, SIRT2 impairment promoted the phosphorylation and acetylation of p65 and activated the NF-κB signaling pathway. The activation of p65 triggered airway inflammation, increment of mucus secretion by goblet cells, and acceleration of tracheal stenosis. Meanwhile, p65 phosphorylation and acetylation, airway inflammation, and bronchial hyperresponsiveness were deteriorated in SIRT2 knockout mice exposed to PM2.5. Triptolide (a specific p65 inhibitor) reversed p65 activation and ameliorated PM2.5-induced airway inflammation and bronchial hyperresponsiveness. Our findings provide novel insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying the toxicity of PM2.5 exposure. Triptolide inhibition of p65 phosphorylation and acetylation could be an effective therapeutic approach in averting PM2.5-induced airway inflammation and bronchial hyperresponsiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manling Liu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Zhaoling Shi
- Department of Pediatrics, Second Affiliated Hospital of Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, 712046, China
| | - Yue Yin
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Yishi Wang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Nan Mu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Chen Li
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China.
| | - Heng Ma
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China.
| | - Qiong Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China.
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Jheng YT, Putri DU, Chuang HC, Lee KY, Chou HC, Wang SY, Han CL. Prolonged exposure to traffic-related particulate matter and gaseous pollutants implicate distinct molecular mechanisms of lung injury in rats. Part Fibre Toxicol 2021; 18:24. [PMID: 34172050 PMCID: PMC8235648 DOI: 10.1186/s12989-021-00417-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exposure to air pollution exerts direct effects on respiratory organs; however, molecular alterations underlying air pollution-induced pulmonary injury remain unclear. In this study, we investigated the effect of air pollution on the lung tissues of Sprague-Dawley rats with whole-body exposure to traffic-related PM1 (particulate matter < 1 μm in aerodynamic diameter) pollutants and compared it with that in rats exposed to high-efficiency particulate air-filtered gaseous pollutants and clean air controls for 3 and 6 months. Lung function and histological examinations were performed along with quantitative proteomics analysis and functional validation. RESULTS Rats in the 6-month PM1-exposed group exhibited a significant decline in lung function, as determined by decreased FEF25-75% and FEV20/FVC; however, histological analysis revealed earlier lung damage, as evidenced by increased congestion and macrophage infiltration in 3-month PM1-exposed rat lungs. The lung tissue proteomics analysis identified 2673 proteins that highlighted the differential dysregulation of proteins involved in oxidative stress, cellular metabolism, calcium signalling, inflammatory responses, and actin dynamics under exposures to PM1 and gaseous pollutants. The presence of PM1 specifically enhanced oxidative stress and inflammatory reactions under subchronic exposure to traffic-related PM1 and suppressed glucose metabolism and actin cytoskeleton signalling. These factors might lead to repair failure and thus to lung function decline after chronic exposure to traffic-related PM1. A detailed pathogenic mechanism was proposed to depict temporal and dynamic molecular regulations associated with PM1- and gaseous pollutants-induced lung injury. CONCLUSION This study explored several potential molecular features associated with early lung damage in response to traffic-related air pollution, which might be used to screen individuals more susceptible to air pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Teng Jheng
- Master Program in Clinical Pharmacogenomics and Pharmacoproteomics, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Mailing address: 250 Wuxing St, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan
| | - Denise Utami Putri
- International Ph.D. Program in Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Pulmonary Research Center, Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsiao-Chi Chuang
- School of Respiratory Therapy, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kang-Yun Lee
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Hsiu-Chu Chou
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - San-Yuan Wang
- Master Program in Clinical Pharmacogenomics and Pharmacoproteomics, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Mailing address: 250 Wuxing St, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Li Han
- Master Program in Clinical Pharmacogenomics and Pharmacoproteomics, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Mailing address: 250 Wuxing St, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan.
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Pardo M, Li C, Fang Z, Levin-Zaidman S, Dezorella N, Czech H, Martens P, Käfer U, Gröger T, Rüger CP, Friederici L, Zimmermann R, Rudich Y. Toxicity of Water- and Organic-Soluble Wood Tar Fractions from Biomass Burning in Lung Epithelial Cells. Chem Res Toxicol 2021; 34:1588-1603. [PMID: 34033466 PMCID: PMC8277191 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.1c00020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Widespread smoke from wildfires and biomass burning contributes to air pollution and the deterioration of air quality and human health. A common and major emission of biomass burning, often found in collected smoke particles, is spherical wood tar particles, also known as "tar balls". However, the toxicity of wood tar particles and the mechanisms that govern their health impacts and the impact of their complicated chemical matrix are not fully elucidated. To address these questions, we generated wood tar material from wood pyrolysis and isolated two main subfractions: water-soluble and organic-soluble fractions. The chemical characteristics as well as the cytotoxicity, oxidative damage, and DNA damage mechanisms were investigated after exposure of A549 and BEAS-2B lung epithelial cells to wood tar. Our results suggest that both wood tar subfractions reduce cell viability in exposed lung cells; however, these fractions have different modes of action that are related to their physicochemical properties. Exposure to the water-soluble wood tar fraction increased total reactive oxygen species production in the cells, decreased mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), and induced oxidative damage and cell death, probably through apoptosis. Exposure to the organic-soluble fraction increased superoxide anion production, with a sharp decrease in MMP. DNA damage is a significant process that may explain the course of toxicity of the organic-soluble fraction. For both subfractions, exposure caused cell cycle alterations in the G2/M phase that were induced by upregulation of p21 and p16. Collectively, both subfractions of wood tar are toxic. The water-soluble fraction contains chemicals (such as phenolic compounds) that induce a strong oxidative stress response and penetrate living cells more easily. The organic-soluble fraction contained more polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and oxygenated PAHs and induced genotoxic processes, such as DNA damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michal Pardo
- Department
of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Weizmann
Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Chunlin Li
- Department
of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Weizmann
Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Zheng Fang
- Department
of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Weizmann
Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | | | - Nili Dezorella
- Electron
Microscopy Unit, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Hendryk Czech
- Joint
Mass Spectrometry Centre, Comprehensive Molecular Analytics (CMA), Cooperation Group Helmholtz Zentrum München
- German Research Center for Environmental Health GmbH, Gmunder Str. 37, 81379 München, Germany
- Joint
Mass Spectrometry Centre, Institute of Chemistry, University of Rostock, Dr.-Lorenz-Weg 2, 18059 Rostock, Germany
| | - Patrick Martens
- Joint
Mass Spectrometry Centre, Institute of Chemistry, University of Rostock, Dr.-Lorenz-Weg 2, 18059 Rostock, Germany
| | - Uwe Käfer
- Joint
Mass Spectrometry Centre, Institute of Chemistry, University of Rostock, Dr.-Lorenz-Weg 2, 18059 Rostock, Germany
| | - Thomas Gröger
- Joint
Mass Spectrometry Centre, Comprehensive Molecular Analytics (CMA), Cooperation Group Helmholtz Zentrum München
- German Research Center for Environmental Health GmbH, Gmunder Str. 37, 81379 München, Germany
| | - Christopher P. Rüger
- Joint
Mass Spectrometry Centre, Institute of Chemistry, University of Rostock, Dr.-Lorenz-Weg 2, 18059 Rostock, Germany
| | - Lukas Friederici
- Joint
Mass Spectrometry Centre, Institute of Chemistry, University of Rostock, Dr.-Lorenz-Weg 2, 18059 Rostock, Germany
| | - Ralf Zimmermann
- Joint
Mass Spectrometry Centre, Comprehensive Molecular Analytics (CMA), Cooperation Group Helmholtz Zentrum München
- German Research Center for Environmental Health GmbH, Gmunder Str. 37, 81379 München, Germany
- Joint
Mass Spectrometry Centre, Institute of Chemistry, University of Rostock, Dr.-Lorenz-Weg 2, 18059 Rostock, Germany
| | - Yinon Rudich
- Department
of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Weizmann
Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
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Zhan H, Chang X, Wang X, Yang M, Gao Q, Liu H, Li C, Li S, Sun Y. LncRNA MEG3 mediates nickel oxide nanoparticles-induced pulmonary fibrosis via suppressing TGF-β1 expression and epithelial-mesenchymal transition process. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2021; 36:1099-1110. [PMID: 33547861 DOI: 10.1002/tox.23109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2020] [Revised: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Nickel oxide nanoparticles (NiO NPs) causes pulmonary fibrosis via activating transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) in rats, but its upstream regulatory mechanisms are unknown. This study aimed to explore the role of long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) maternally expressed gene 3 (MEG3) in NiO NPs-induced collagen deposition. Male Wistar rats were intratracheally instilled with NiO NPs (0.015, 0.06, and 0.24 mg/kg b.w.) twice a week for 9 weeks. Human lung adenocarcinoma epithelial cells (A549 cells) were cultured with NiO NPs (25, 50, and 100 μg/ml) to establish collagen deposition model. We discovered that NiO NPs-induced rat pulmonary fibrosis was accompanied by the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) occurrence and MEG3 down-regulation in rat lung tissues. In cell collagen deposition model, NiO NPs also evoked EMT and decreased MEG3 expression in a dose-dependent manner in A549 cells. By overexpressing MEG3 in A549 cells, we found that MEG3 inhibited the level of TGF-β1, EMT process and collagen formation. Moreover, our data showed that SB431542 (TGF-β1 inhibitor) had an inhibitory effect on NiO NPs-induced EMT and collagen formation. Our results indicated that MEG3 inhibited NiO NPs-induced collagen deposition by regulating TGF-β1-mediated EMT process, which may provide some clues for insighting into the mechanisms of NiO NPs-induced pulmonary fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haibing Zhan
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xuhong Chang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xiaoxia Wang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Mengmeng Yang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Qing Gao
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Han Liu
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Chengyun Li
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Sheng Li
- Department of Public Health, The First People's Hospital of Lanzhou City, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yingbiao Sun
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
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Polydeoxyribonucleotide Attenuates Airway Inflammation Through A2AR Signaling Pathway in PM10-Exposed Mice. Int Neurourol J 2021; 25:S19-26. [PMID: 34053207 PMCID: PMC8171242 DOI: 10.5213/inj.2142168.084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Inhalation of air containing high amounts of particular matter (PM) causes various respiratory disorders including asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and lung cancer. The changes of expression of inflammatory factors by polydeoxyribonucleotide (PDRN) administration in the PM10-exposed trachea inflammation model were evaluated. Methods PM10 was administered to mouse trachea to induce acute inflammatory damage, and changes in inflammatory factors were observed after administration of PDRN and 3,7-dimethyl-1-propargylxanthine (DMPX) for 3 days daily. Expression of inflammatory cytokines, adenosine A2A receptor (A2AR), protein kinase A (PKA), 3΄,5΄-cyclic adenosine monophosphate responsive element binding protein (CREB) were detected by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay, immunofluorescence, and western blot assay. Results PM-exposed trachea showed increased tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and interleukin (IL)-1β expression, and expression of TNF-α and IL-1β was inhibited by PDRN treatment in PM-exposed mice. PM-exposed trachea showed increased nuclear factor (NF)-κB phosphorylation, and phosphorylation of nuclear factor-kappa B was inhibited by PDRN treatment in PM-exposed mice. PM-exposed trachea showed increased expression of A2AR, but PDRN treatment more enhanced A2AR expression in PM-exposed mice. PKA phosphorylation was not changed and CREP phosphorylation was decreased, however PDRN treatment increased phosphorylation of PKA and CREB in PM-exposed mice. DMPX treatment blocked all the effects of PDRN on PM-exposed mice, demonstrating that the action of PDRN occurs via A2AR. Conclusions PDRN treatment attenuated inflammation in the trachea of the PM10-exposed mice. This improving effect of PDRN can be ascribed to the activation of A2AR through the cAMP-PKA pathway.
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Wang YW, Wu YH, Zhang JZ, Tang JH, Fan RP, Li F, Yu BY, Kou JP, Zhang YY. Ruscogenin attenuates particulate matter-induced acute lung injury in mice via protecting pulmonary endothelial barrier and inhibiting TLR4 signaling pathway. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2021; 42:726-734. [PMID: 32855531 PMCID: PMC8114925 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-020-00502-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The inhalation of particulate matter (PM) is closely related to respiratory damage, including acute lung injury (ALI), characterized by inflammatory fluid edema and disturbed alveolar-capillary permeability. Ruscogenin (RUS), the main active ingredient in the traditional Chinese medicine Ophiopogonis japonicus, has been found to exhibit anti-inflammatory activity and rescue LPS-induced ALI. In this study, we investigated whether and how RUS exerted therapeutic effects on PM-induced ALI. RUS (0.1, 0.3, 1 mg·kg-1·d-1) was orally administered to mice prior to or after intratracheal instillation of PM suspension (50 mg/kg). We showed that RUS administration either prior to or after PM challenge significantly attenuated PM-induced pathological injury, lung edema, vascular leakage and VE-cadherin expression in lung tissue. RUS administration significantly decreased the levels of cytokines IL-6 and IL-1β, as well as the levels of NO and MPO in both bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and serum. RUS administration dose-dependently suppressed the phosphorylation of NF-κB p65 and the expression of TLR4 and MyD88 in lung tissue. Furthermore, TLR4 knockout partly diminished PM-induced lung injury, and abolished the protective effects of RUS in PM-instilled mice. In conclusion, RUS effectively alleviates PM-induced ALI probably by inhibition of vascular leakage and TLR4/MyD88 signaling. TLR4 might be crucial for PM to initiate pulmonary lesion and for RUS to exert efficacy against PM-induced lung injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Wei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Products, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Material Medica, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Yun-Hao Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Products, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Material Medica, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Jia-Zhi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Products, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Material Medica, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Jia-Hui Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Products, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Material Medica, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Rui-Ping Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Products, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Material Medica, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Fang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Products, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Material Medica, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Bo-Yang Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Products, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Material Medica, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Jun-Ping Kou
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Products, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Material Medica, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China.
| | - Yuan-Yuan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Products, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Material Medica, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China.
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Aesculetin Inhibits Airway Thickening and Mucus Overproduction Induced by Urban Particulate Matter through Blocking Inflammation and Oxidative Stress Involving TLR4 and EGFR. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10030494. [PMID: 33809902 PMCID: PMC8004275 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10030494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Revised: 03/14/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Particulate matter (PM) is a mixture of solid and liquid air pollutant particles suspended in the air, varying in composition, size, and physical features. PM is the most harmful form of air pollution due to its ability to penetrate deep into the lungs and blood streams, causing diverse respiratory diseases. Aesculetin, a coumarin derivative present in the Sancho tree and chicory, is known to have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects in the vascular and immune system. However, its effect on PM-induced airway thickening and mucus hypersecretion is poorly understood. The current study examined whether naturally-occurring aesculetin inhibited airway thickening and mucus hypersecretion caused by urban PM10 (uPM10, particles less than 10 μm). Mice were orally administrated with 10 mg/kg aesculetin and exposed to 6 μg/mL uPM10 for 8 weeks. To further explore the mechanism(s) involved in inhibition of uPM10-induced mucus hypersecretion by aesculetin, bronchial epithelial BEAS-2B cells were treated with 1–20 µM aesculetin in the presence of 2 μg/mL uPM10. Oral administration of aesculetin attenuated collagen accumulation and mucus hypersecretion in the small airways inflamed by uPM10. In addition, aesculetin inhibited uPM10-evoked inflammation and oxidant production in lung tissues. Further, aesculetin accompanied the inhibition of induction of bronchial epithelial toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and epidermal growth factor receptor (EFGR) elevated by uPM10. The inhibition of TLR4 and EGFR accompanied bronchial mucus hypersecretion in the presence of uPM10. Oxidative stress was responsible for the epithelial induction of TLR4 and EGFR, which was disrupted by aesculetin. These results demonstrated that aesculetin ameliorated airway thickening and mucus hypersecretion by uPM10 inhalation by inhibiting pulmonary inflammation via oxidative stress-stimulated TLR4 and EGFR. Therefore, aesculetin may be a promising agent for treating airway mucosa-associated disorders elicited by urban coarse particulates.
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Zhao P, Li T, Li Z, Cao L, Wang Y, Wang Y, Wang W. Preparation of Gold Nanoparticles and Its Effect on Autophagy and Oxidative Stress in Chronic Kidney Disease Cell Model. JOURNAL OF NANOSCIENCE AND NANOTECHNOLOGY 2021; 21:1266-1271. [PMID: 33183471 DOI: 10.1166/jnn.2021.18655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Gold nanoparticles (GNPs) are widely used in life sciences and medicine due to their simple preparation, stable physical and chemical properties, controllable optical properties and no significant toxicity. However, in recent years, studies have found that there are still many uncertain factors in the application of gold nanoparticles in the field of biomedicine, and there are few studies on the main excretion organs and kidneys of the body, especially the toxicological effects under the disease state have not been reported. Obviously, carrying out relevant research is of great significance for accelerating the clinical application of GNPs. Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a group of chronic progressive diseases that have high prevalence and high mortality and are serious threats to human life and health. Renal tubular injury and interstitial fibrosis are key factors in renal dysfunction in chronic kidney disease. Drug and toxic kidney damage mostly involve renal tubular epithelial cells; hypoxia is the most common pathological condition of cells. In renal lesions, renal tubular epithelial cells often have hypoxia. Based on this, we propose the hypothesis of this study: glomerular filtration membrane damage in kidney disease, GNPs increase in urine, followed by reabsorption of renal tubular epithelial cells, thereby causing damage to the latter; if accompanied by hypoxia, GNPs it will aggravate renal tubular epithelial cell damage and promote tubulointerstitial fibrosis. In order to verify the above hypothesis, this study used a mouse model of adriamycin nephropathy and tubular epithelial cells and macrophages in vitro, and observed the damage of GNPs on renal tubular epithelial cells by various means, and explored related mechanisms. The results show that under normal oxygen conditions, GNPs can induce autophagy after cell entry, which can damage damaged proteins and organelles to maintain cell survival. In the absence of oxygen, nanoparticles entering cells increase and induce excessive autophagy. In the absence of oxygen, GNPs also aggregate in macrophages, which can cause decreased cell proliferation activity and induce activation of macrophage inflammasome, which induces inflammatory response: GNPs-induced secretion of hypoxic macrophages can be promoted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Zhao
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Gansu Provincial Maternity and Child-Care Hospital, Lanzhou, 730050, Gansu, China
| | - Ting Li
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Gansu Provincial Maternity and Child-Care Hospital, Lanzhou, 730050, Gansu, China
| | - Zhi Li
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Gansu Provincial Maternity and Child-Care Hospital, Lanzhou, 730050, Gansu, China
| | - Lei Cao
- Department of Pediatric General Medicine, Gansu Provincial Maternity and Child-Care Hospital, Lanzhou, 730050, Gansu, China
| | - Youliang Wang
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Gansu Provincial Maternity and Child-Care Hospital, Lanzhou, 730050, Gansu, China
| | - Yong Wang
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Gansu Provincial Maternity and Child-Care Hospital, Lanzhou, 730050, Gansu, China
| | - Weikai Wang
- Department of Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Gansu Provincial Maternity and Child-Care Hospital, Lanzhou, 730050, Gansu, China
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