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Tan S, Lu X, Chen W, Pan B, Kong G, Wei L. Analysis and experimental validation of IL-17 pathway and key genes as central roles associated with inflammation in hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury. Sci Rep 2024; 14:6423. [PMID: 38494504 PMCID: PMC10944831 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-57139-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury (HIRI) elicits an immune-inflammatory response that may result in hepatocyte necrosis and apoptosis, ultimately culminating in postoperative hepatic dysfunction and hepatic failure. The precise mechanisms governing the pathophysiology of HIRI remain incompletely understood, necessitating further investigation into key molecules and pathways implicated in disease progression to guide drug discovery and potential therapeutic interventions. Gene microarray data was downloaded from the GEO expression profile database. Integrated bioinformatic analyses were performed to identify HIRI signature genes, which were subsequently validated for expression levels and diagnostic efficacy. Finally, the gene expression was verified in an experimental HIRI model and the effect of anti-IL17A antibody intervention in three time points (including pre-ischemic, post-ischemic, and at 1 h of reperfusion) on HIRI and the expression of these genes was investigated. Bioinformatic analyses of the screened characterized genes revealed that inflammation, immune response, and cell death modulation were significantly associated with HIRI pathophysiology. CCL2, BTG2, GADD45A, FOS, CXCL10, TNFRSF12A, and IL-17 pathway were identified as key components involved in the HIRI. Serum and liver IL-17A expression were significantly upregulated during the initial phase of HIRI. Pretreatment with anti-IL-17A antibody effectively alleviated the damage of liver tissue, suppressed inflammatory factors, and serum transaminase levels, and downregulated the mRNA expression of CCL2, GADD45A, FOS, CXCL10, and TNFRSF12A. Injection of anti-IL17A antibody after ischemia and at 1 h of reperfusion failed to demonstrate anti-inflammatory and attenuating HIRI benefits relative to earlier intervention. Our study reveals that the IL-17 pathway and related genes may be involved in the proinflammatory mechanism of HIRI, which may provide a new perspective and theoretical basis for the prevention and treatment of HIRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyou Tan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University), Jiefang West Road NO. 61, Changsha, 410005, China
| | - Xiang Lu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University), Jiefang West Road NO. 61, Changsha, 410005, China
| | - Wenyan Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University), Jiefang West Road NO. 61, Changsha, 410005, China
| | - Bingbing Pan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University), Jiefang West Road NO. 61, Changsha, 410005, China
| | - Gaoyin Kong
- Department of Anesthesiology, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University), Jiefang West Road NO. 61, Changsha, 410005, China
- Clinical Research Center for Anesthesiology of ERAS in Hunan Province, Changsha, China
| | - Lai Wei
- Department of Anesthesiology, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University), Jiefang West Road NO. 61, Changsha, 410005, China.
- Clinical Research Center for Anesthesiology of ERAS in Hunan Province, Changsha, China.
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2
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Heffernan DS, Chung CS, Ayala A. Severity of critical illness correlates with CD3-low expression on iNKT-cells among septic surgical patients. Inflamm Res 2024; 73:1-4. [PMID: 38147124 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-023-01795-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND iNKT-cells are innate regulatory lymphocytes capable of directing immune and inflammatory responses to sepsis. Repeat stimulation of iNKT-cells leads to the induction of anergy with the emergence of a hyporesponsive CD3low iNKT-cell subpopulation. METHODS iNKT-cells were isolated from critical ill surgical patients with sepsis and phenotyped for CD3 expression. This was correlated with degree of severity of illness, as denoted by APACHE-II score. RESULTS Comparing healthy volunteers to critically ill septic patients, it was noted that increasing severity of sepsis was associated with increasing frequency of circulating CD3low-iNKT-cell populations. CONCLUSION The emergence of CD3low -iNKT-cells may serve as a clinically translatable marker of degree of sepsis-induced immune dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daithi S Heffernan
- Division of Surgical Research, Department of Surgery, Rhode Island Hospital, Brown University School of Medicine, 593 Eddy Street, Providence, Rhode Island, 02903, USA.
- Division of Surgical Research, Department of Surgery, Rhode Island Hospital, Brown University School of Medicine, Room 205 Middle House, Providence, Rhode Island, 02903, USA.
| | - Chun-Shiang Chung
- Division of Surgical Research, Department of Surgery, Rhode Island Hospital, Brown University School of Medicine, 593 Eddy Street, Providence, Rhode Island, 02903, USA
| | - Alfred Ayala
- Division of Surgical Research, Department of Surgery, Rhode Island Hospital, Brown University School of Medicine, 593 Eddy Street, Providence, Rhode Island, 02903, USA
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Zhang H, Chen S, Zhang Y, Tian C, Pan J, Wang Y, Bai S, Wu Q, Su M, Xie D, Fu S, Li S, Zhang J, Chen Y, Zhu S, Qian Y, Bai L. Antigen Priming Induces Functional Reprogramming in iNKT Cells via Metabolic and Epigenetic Regulation: An Insight into iNKT Cell-Based Antitumor Immunotherapy. Cancer Immunol Res 2023; 11:1598-1610. [PMID: 37756568 DOI: 10.1158/2326-6066.cir-23-0448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
Dysfunction of intratumoral invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells hinders their antitumor efficacy, but the underlying mechanisms and the relationship with endogenous antigen priming remain to be explored. Here, we report that antigen priming leads to metabolic reprogramming and epigenetic remodeling, which causes functional reprogramming in iNKT cells, characterized by limited cytokine responses upon restimulation but constitutive high cytotoxicity. Mechanistically, impaired oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) in antigen-primed iNKT cells inhibited T-cell receptor signaling, as well as elevation of glycolysis, upon restimulation via reducing mTORC1 activation, and thus led to impaired cytokine production. However, the metabolic reprogramming in antigen-primed iNKT cells was uncoupled with their enhanced cytotoxicity; instead, epigenetic remodeling explained their high expression of granzymes. Notably, intratumoral iNKT cells shared similar metabolic reprogramming and functional reprogramming with antigen-primed iNKT cells due to endogenous antigen priming in tumors, and thus recovery of OXPHOS in intratumoral iNKT cells by ZLN005 successfully enhanced their antitumor responses. Our study deciphers the influences of antigen priming-induced metabolic reprogramming and epigenetic remodeling on functionality of intratumoral iNKT cells, and proposes a way to enhance efficacy of iNKT cell-based antitumor immunotherapy by targeting cellular metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huimin Zhang
- Center for Advanced Interdisciplinary Science and Biomedicine, Institute of Health and Medicine, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Sanwei Chen
- Department of General Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yuwei Zhang
- Center for Advanced Interdisciplinary Science and Biomedicine, Institute of Health and Medicine, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Chenxi Tian
- Center for Advanced Interdisciplinary Science and Biomedicine, Institute of Health and Medicine, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Jun Pan
- Center for Advanced Interdisciplinary Science and Biomedicine, Institute of Health and Medicine, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Center for Advanced Interdisciplinary Science and Biomedicine, Institute of Health and Medicine, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Shiyu Bai
- Center for Advanced Interdisciplinary Science and Biomedicine, Institute of Health and Medicine, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Qielan Wu
- Center for Advanced Interdisciplinary Science and Biomedicine, Institute of Health and Medicine, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Miya Su
- Center for Advanced Interdisciplinary Science and Biomedicine, Institute of Health and Medicine, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Di Xie
- Center for Advanced Interdisciplinary Science and Biomedicine, Institute of Health and Medicine, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Sicheng Fu
- Center for Advanced Interdisciplinary Science and Biomedicine, Institute of Health and Medicine, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Shuhang Li
- Center for Advanced Interdisciplinary Science and Biomedicine, Institute of Health and Medicine, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Institute of Health and Medicine, Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center, Hefei, China
| | - Yusheng Chen
- Institute of Health and Medicine, Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center, Hefei, China
| | - Shasha Zhu
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Study on Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Yeben Qian
- Department of General Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Li Bai
- Center for Advanced Interdisciplinary Science and Biomedicine, Institute of Health and Medicine, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
- Institute of Health and Medicine, Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center, Hefei, China
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
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Qi X, Li Z, Han J, Liu W, Xia P, Cai X, Liu X, Liu X, Zhang J, Yu P. Multifaceted roles of T cells in obesity and obesity-related complications: A narrative review. Obes Rev 2023; 24:e13621. [PMID: 37583087 DOI: 10.1111/obr.13621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 03/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/17/2023]
Abstract
Obesity is characterized by chronic low-grade inflammatory responses in the adipose tissue, accompanied by pronounced insulin resistance and metabolic anomalies. It affects almost all body organs and eventually leads to diseases such as fatty liver disease, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and atherosclerosis. Recently, T cells have emerged as interesting therapeutic targets because the dysfunction of T cells and their cytokines in the adipose tissue is implicated in obesity-induced inflammation and their complicated onset. Although several recent narrative reviews have provided a brief overview of related evidence in this area, they have mainly focused on either obesity-associated T cell metabolism or modulation of T cell activation in obesity. Moreover, at present, no published review has reported on the multifaceted roles of T cells in obesity and obesity-related complications, even though there has been a significant increase in studies on this topic since 2019. Therefore, this narrative review aims to comprehensively summarize current advances in the mechanistic roles of T cells in the development of obesity and its related complications. Further, we aim to discuss relevant drugs for weight loss as well as the contradictory role of T cells in the same disease so as to highlight key findings regarding this topic and provide a valid basis for future treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinrui Qi
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Nanchang University, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
- Queen Mary School, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Zhangwang Li
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Nanchang University, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Jiashu Han
- MD Program, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Wenqing Liu
- Queen Mary School, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Panpan Xia
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Xia Cai
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Xiao Liu
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xu Liu
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Peng Yu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
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5
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Eckhardt E, Schinköthe J, Gischke M, Sehl-Ewert J, Corleis B, Dorhoi A, Teifke J, Albrecht D, Geluk A, Gilleron M, Bastian M. Phosphatidylinositolmannoside vaccination induces lipid-specific Th1-responses and partially protects guinea pigs from Mycobacterium tuberculosis challenge. Sci Rep 2023; 13:18613. [PMID: 37903877 PMCID: PMC10616071 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-45898-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The concept of donor-unrestricted T cells (DURTs) comprises a heterogeneity of lymphoid cells that respond to an abundance of unconventional epitopes in a non-MHC-restricted manner. Vaccinologists strive to harness this so far underexplored branch of the immune system for new vaccines against tuberculosis. A particular division of DURTs are T cells that recognize their cognate lipid antigen in the context of CD1-molecules. Mycobacteria are characterized by a particular lipid-rich cell wall. Several of these lipids have been shown to be presented to T cells via CD1b-molecules. Guinea pigs functionally express CD1b and are hence an appropriate small animal model to study the role of CD1b-restricted, lipid-specific immune responses. In the current study, guinea pigs were vaccinated with BCG or highly-purified, liposome-formulated phosphatidylinositol-hexa-mannoside (PIM6) to assess the effect of CD1-restricted DURTs on the course of infection after virulent Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) challenge. Robust PIM6-specific T cell-responses were observed both after BCG- and PIM6-vaccination. The cellular response was significantly reduced in the presence of monoclonal, CD1b-blocking antibodies, indicating that a predominant part of this reactivity was CD1b-restricted. When animals were challenged with Mtb, BCG- and PIM6-vaccinated animals showed significantly reduced pathology, smaller necrotic granulomas in lymph node and spleen and reduced bacterial loads. While BCG conferred an almost sterile protection in this setting, compared to control animals' lesions were reduced roughly by two thirds in PIM6-vaccinated. Comprehensive histological and transcriptional analyses in the draining lymph node revealed that protected animals showed reduced transcription-levels of inflammatory cyto- and chemokines and higher levels of CD1b-expression on professional antigen cells compared to controls. Although BCG as a comparator induced by far stronger effects, our observations in the guinea pig model suggest that CD1b-restricted, PIM6-reactive DURTs contribute to immune-mediated containment of virulent Mtb.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmelie Eckhardt
- Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Südufer 10, 17493, Greifswald - Isle of Riems, Germany
| | - Jan Schinköthe
- Institute of Veterinary Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Marcel Gischke
- Institute of Microbiology, Greifswald University, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Julia Sehl-Ewert
- Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Südufer 10, 17493, Greifswald - Isle of Riems, Germany
| | - Björn Corleis
- Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Südufer 10, 17493, Greifswald - Isle of Riems, Germany
| | - Anca Dorhoi
- Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Südufer 10, 17493, Greifswald - Isle of Riems, Germany
| | - Jens Teifke
- Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Südufer 10, 17493, Greifswald - Isle of Riems, Germany
| | - Dirk Albrecht
- Institute of Microbiology, Greifswald University, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Annemieke Geluk
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Martine Gilleron
- CNRS, Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, Toulouse, France
| | - Max Bastian
- Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Südufer 10, 17493, Greifswald - Isle of Riems, Germany.
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Navarro-Compán V, Puig L, Vidal S, Ramírez J, Llamas-Velasco M, Fernández-Carballido C, Almodóvar R, Pinto JA, Galíndez-Aguirregoikoa E, Zarco P, Joven B, Gratacós J, Juanola X, Blanco R, Arias-Santiago S, Sanz Sanz J, Queiro R, Cañete JD. The paradigm of IL-23-independent production of IL-17F and IL-17A and their role in chronic inflammatory diseases. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1191782. [PMID: 37600764 PMCID: PMC10437113 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1191782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Interleukin-17 family (IL-17s) comprises six structurally related members (IL-17A to IL-17F); sequence homology is highest between IL-17A and IL-17F, displaying certain overlapping functions. In general, IL-17A and IL-17F play important roles in chronic inflammation and autoimmunity, controlling bacterial and fungal infections, and signaling mainly through activation of the nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) pathway. The role of IL-17A and IL-17F has been established in chronic immune-mediated inflammatory diseases (IMIDs), such as psoriasis (PsO), psoriatic arthritis (PsA), axial spondylarthritis (axSpA), hidradenitis suppurativa (HS), inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), multiple sclerosis (MS), and asthma. CD4+ helper T cells (Th17) activated by IL-23 are well-studied sources of IL-17A and IL-17F. However, other cellular subtypes can also produce IL-17A and IL-17F, including gamma delta (γδ) T cells, alpha beta (αβ) T cells, type 3 innate lymphoid cells (ILC3), natural killer T cells (NKT), or mucosal associated invariant T cells (MAIT). Interestingly, the production of IL-17A and IL-17F by innate and innate-like lymphocytes can take place in an IL-23 independent manner in addition to IL-23 classical pathway. This would explain the limitations of the inhibition of IL-23 in the treatment of patients with certain rheumatic immune-mediated conditions such as axSpA. Despite their coincident functions, IL-17A and IL-17F contribute independently to chronic tissue inflammation having somehow non-redundant roles. Although IL-17A has been more widely studied, both IL-17A and IL-17F are overexpressed in PsO, PsA, axSpA and HS. Therefore, dual inhibition of IL-17A and IL-17F could provide better outcomes than IL-23 or IL-17A blockade.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Luis Puig
- Department of Dermatology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Silvia Vidal
- Immunology-Inflammatory Diseases, Institut de Recerca de l’Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Julio Ramírez
- Arthritis Unit, Department of Rheumatology, Hospital Clínic and Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mar Llamas-Velasco
- Department of Dermatology, Hospital Universitario La Princesa, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Raquel Almodóvar
- Department of Rheumatology, Hospital Universitario Fundación Alcorcón, Alcorcón, Madrid, Spain
| | - José Antonio Pinto
- Department of Rheumatology, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de A Coruña, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña (INIBIC), A Coruña, Spain
| | | | - Pedro Zarco
- Department of Rheumatology, Hospital Universitario Fundación Alcorcón, Alcorcón, Madrid, Spain
| | - Beatriz Joven
- Department of Rheumatology, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jordi Gratacós
- Department of Rheumatology, Medicine Department Autonomus University of Barcelona (UAB), I3PT, University Hospital Parc Taulí Sabadell, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Xavier Juanola
- Department of Rheumatology, University Hospital Bellvitge, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ricardo Blanco
- Department of Rheumatology, Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla, Instituto de Investigación Marqués de Valdecilla (IDIVAL), Santander, Spain
| | - Salvador Arias-Santiago
- Department of Dermatology, Hospital Universitario Virgen de las Nieves, Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Granada, Spain
- Department of Dermatology, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Granada, Spain
| | - Jesús Sanz Sanz
- Department of Rheumatology, Hospital Universitario Puerta del Hierro Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rubén Queiro
- Department of Rheumatology, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
| | - Juan D. Cañete
- Arthritis Unit, Department of Rheumatology, Hospital Clínic and Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
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Quraish RU, Hirahata T, Quraish AU, ul Quraish S. An Overview: Genetic Tumor Markers for Early Detection and Current Gene Therapy Strategies. Cancer Inform 2023; 22:11769351221150772. [PMID: 36762284 PMCID: PMC9903029 DOI: 10.1177/11769351221150772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Genomic instability is considered a fundamental factor involved in any neoplastic disease. Consequently, the genetically unstable cells contribute to intratumoral genetic heterogeneity and phenotypic diversity of cancer. These genetic alterations can be detected by several diagnostic techniques of molecular biology and the detection of alteration in genomic integrity may serve as reliable genetic molecular markers for the early detection of cancer or cancer-related abnormal changes in the body cells. These genetic molecular markers can detect cancer earlier than any other method of cancer diagnosis, once a tumor is diagnosed, then replacement or therapeutic manipulation of these cancer-related abnormal genetic changes can be possible, which leads toward effective and target-specific cancer treatment and in many cases, personalized treatment of cancer could be performed without the adverse effects of chemotherapy and radiotherapy. In this review, we describe how these genetic molecular markers can be detected and the possible ways for the application of this gene diagnosis for gene therapy that can attack cancerous cells, directly or indirectly, which lead to overall improved management and quality of life for a cancer patient.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tetsuyuki Hirahata
- Tetsuyuki Hirahata, Hirahata Gene Therapy Laboratory, HIC Clinic #1105, Itocia Office Tower 11F, 2-7-1, Yurakucho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 100-0006, Japan.
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Tang S, Wang Y, Ma X, Xiang X, Zhou X, Li Y, Jia Y, Hu F, Li Y. Decreased natural killer T-like cells correlated to disease activity in systemic lupus erythematosus. Clin Rheumatol 2023; 42:1435-1442. [PMID: 36629999 DOI: 10.1007/s10067-022-06494-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the absolute numbers and frequencies of natural killer T-like (NKT-like) cells in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and to characterize the possible role of the cells. METHODS Seventy-nine patients with SLE together with 30 age- and sex-matched healthy controls were enrolled. Flow cytometric determination of peripheral NKT-like cells was carried out for all participants by detecting the absolute counts (Abs) and percentage (%) of CD3 + CD16 + CD56 + cells. Disease activity index, laboratory parameters, and clinical manifestations were collected. The correlation between the cells and these parameters was analyzed. RESULTS SLE patients had, with respect to controls, considerably decreased values of NKT-like cells (P < 0.001 in both absolute number and percentage). The absolute number of NKT-like cells was found to have positive correlations with WBC, RBC, PLT, C3, C4, IgM and negative correlations with the disease duration, SLEDAI-2 K, anti-dsDNA, anti-nucleosome, anti-ribosomal protein, CRP, ESR. Meanwhile, it was found that the percentage values of NKT-like cells decreased in SLE patients with nephritis which was correlated with anti-ribosomal protein and CRP in comparison to SLE patients without nephritis. Moreover, an increase in the NKT-like cell counts was also observed in the patients with a clinical response to the treatment. CONCLUSIONS The absolute counts and frequencies of NKT-like cells decreased in SLE patients significantly, which correlated to disease activities and could recover to normal after the treatment. The NKT-like cells may play an important role in the pathogenesis of SLE and could be a useful marker in the disease assessment. Key Points • The absolute counts and frequencies of NKT-like cells decreased in SLE patients significantly. • NKT-like cells were related to the disease activities and could restore after the treatment. • NKT-like cells may be a useful marker in the disease assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumei Tang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Peking University People's Hospital & Beijing Key Laboratory for Rheumatism Mechanism and Immune Diagnosis (BZ0135), 11 Xizhimen South St, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Yushu Wang
- Inspection Center, Qingdao University Medical College Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai, 264000, China
| | - Xiangbo Ma
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Handan First Hospital, Hebei, China
| | - Xiaohong Xiang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Peking University People's Hospital & Beijing Key Laboratory for Rheumatism Mechanism and Immune Diagnosis (BZ0135), 11 Xizhimen South St, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Xinhua Zhou
- Clinical Laboratory, Third Hospital of Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330009, China
| | - Yan Li
- Clinical Laboratory, First People's Hospital of Jinzhong, Shanxi, 030600, China
| | - Yuan Jia
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Peking University People's Hospital & Beijing Key Laboratory for Rheumatism Mechanism and Immune Diagnosis (BZ0135), 11 Xizhimen South St, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Fanlei Hu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Peking University People's Hospital & Beijing Key Laboratory for Rheumatism Mechanism and Immune Diagnosis (BZ0135), 11 Xizhimen South St, Beijing, 100044, China.
| | - Yingni Li
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Peking University People's Hospital & Beijing Key Laboratory for Rheumatism Mechanism and Immune Diagnosis (BZ0135), 11 Xizhimen South St, Beijing, 100044, China.
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Marsán-Suárez V, Casado-Hernández I, Hernández-Ramos E, Díaz-Domínguez G, Triana-Marrero Y, Duarte-Pérez Y, Miranda-Navarro J, Bringas-Pérez R, Simón-Pita AM, Hernández-Rego YDLM, Miguel-Morales M, Patria-Sánchez M, Zamora-González Y, Romero-Díaz Y, Aquino-Rojas S, González-Díaz I, Merlín-Linares JC, Leyva-Rodríguez A, Rodríguez-Pérez M, Benito-Caballero O, Navarro-Mariño JA, Elejalde-Larrinaga AR, Elejalde-Tamayo C, Tam-Rey LM, Ruiz-Villegas L, de la Guardia-Peña OM, Jerez-Barcel Y, Chang-Monteagudo A, Lam-Díaz RM, Macías-Abraham CM. Biomarkers of sequela in adult patients convalescing from COVID-19. ADVANCES IN BIOMARKER SCIENCES AND TECHNOLOGY 2022; 4:36-53. [PMID: 36404876 PMCID: PMC9645947 DOI: 10.1016/j.abst.2022.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Revised: 09/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Different biomarkers for SARS-CoV-2 have been linked to detection, diagnosis, treatment, disease progression, and development of new drugs and vaccines. The objective of this research was to evaluate various hematological, biochemicals, immunological, radiological and spirometric parameters in 20 adult patients convalescing from COVID-19 and their possible relationship with the clinical course of the disease. The frequencies of categorical variables were compared using the chi-square and Fisher's exact test. The levels of statistical significance were denoted in each figure legend. Two-dimensional clustering analysis was performed using MeV software from TIGR. The tests with P value of ≤ 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Most of the patients studied presented alterations in dissimilar laboratory, radiological and spirometric parameters, which were related to the clinical evolution of the disease. The results obtained show that certain hematological, biochemical, immunological and radiological parameters can be considered as biomarkers of sequela in adult COVID-19 patients, which allows their stratification, according to the degree of involvement or sequela, into three groups: I (mild degree of involvement or sequela), without lung lesions on computerized axial tomography (CT scan) and high values of IgG, C3 and hemoglobin, II (moderate degree of involvement or sequel), without lung lesions on CT scan, characterized by high levels of CD3+/CD4+ T lymphocytes and the rest of the variables with low values and III (severe degree of involvement or sequela), with lung lesions on CT scan and high values of erythrocyte sedimentation rate, monocytes and neutrophils, associated with lymphopenia and decreased concentrations of IgG and C3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vianed Marsán-Suárez
- Dr. in Medical Sciences, 1st and 2nd Degree Specialist in Immunology, Associated Professor, Assistant Researcher, Immunochemistry and Immunology Department, Institute of Hematology and Immunology, Cuba
| | - Imilla Casado-Hernández
- Degree in Biology, Assistant Professor, Assistant Researcher, Immunochemistry and Immunology Department, Institute of Hematology and Immunology, Cuba
| | - Elizabeth Hernández-Ramos
- Degree in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Immunochemistry and Immunology Department, Institute of Hematology and Immunology, Cuba
| | - Gabriela Díaz-Domínguez
- Degree in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Assistant Researcher, Department of Immunochemistry and Immunology, Institute of Hematology and Immunology, Cuba
| | - Yenisey Triana-Marrero
- 1st Degree Specialist Physician in Comprehensive General Medicine and Immunology, Instructor Teacher, Immunochemistry and Immunology Department, Institute of Hematology and Immunology, Cuba
| | - Yaneisy Duarte-Pérez
- 1st Degree Specialist Physician in Comprehensive General Medicine and Immunology, Instructor Teacher, Immunochemistry and Immunology Department, Institute of Hematology and Immunology, Cuba
| | - Jamilet Miranda-Navarro
- Assistant Researcher, Master of Science in Mathematics Bioinformatics Department, Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (CIGB), Cuba
| | - Ricardo Bringas-Pérez
- Doctor in Biological Sciences, Professor and Senior Researcher, Bioinformatics Department, Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (CIGB), Cuba
| | - Ana María Simón-Pita
- Graduate in Health Technology, Assistant Teacher, Assistant Researcher, Department of Morphology and Pathological Anatomy, Institute of Hematology and Immunology, Cuba
| | | | - Maydelín Miguel-Morales
- Degree in Biochemistry, Associated Research, Assistant Professor, Enzyme and Haemostasis Department, Institute of Hematology and Immunology, Cuba
| | - Mysleidis Patria-Sánchez
- Graduate in Health Technology, Enzyme e and Haemostasis Department, Institute of Hematology and Immunology, Cuba
| | - Yaneth Zamora-González
- Graduate in Health Technology, Assistant Teacher, Assistant Researcher, Enzyme and Haemostasis Department, Institute of Hematology and Immunology, Cuba
| | - Yisenia Romero-Díaz
- Degree in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Assistant Researcher, Immunohematology Department, Institute of Hematology and Immunology, Cuba
| | - Suharmi Aquino-Rojas
- Degree in Health Technology, Transfusion Medicine Specialist, Assistant Teacher, Immunohematology Department, Institute of Hematology and Immunology, Cuba
| | - Ihosvani González-Díaz
- Graduate in Clinical Laboratory, Immunohematology Department, Institute of Hematology and Immunology, Cuba
| | - Julio César Merlín-Linares
- Degree in Biochemistry, Assistant Researcher, Immunochemistry and Immunology Department, Institute of Hematology and Immunology, Cuba
| | - Aymara Leyva-Rodríguez
- Degree in Biology, Aspiring Researcher, Immunochemistry and Immunology Department, Institute of Hematology and Immunology, Cuba
| | - Maylín Rodríguez-Pérez
- 1th and 2nd Degree Specialist Physician in Microbiology, Assistant Researcher, Assistant Teacher, Master in Parasitology, Microbiology Department, Institute of Hematology and Immunology, Cuba
| | - Onasi Benito-Caballero
- 1th Degree Specialist Physician in Comprehensive General Medicine and Imaging, Imaging Department, Institute of Hematology and Immunology, Cuba
| | - José Antonio Navarro-Mariño
- 1th and 2nd Degree Specialist in Comprehensive General Medicine and 1st in Imaging, Master in Diagnostic Media, Imaging Department, Institute of Hematology and Immunology, Cuba
| | - Angel René Elejalde-Larrinaga
- 1th and 2nd Degree Specialist in Pneumology, Assistant Professor, Assistant Researcher, Master in Public Health and Population Aging, Imaging Department, Institute of Oncology and Radiobiology, Cuba
| | - Claudia Elejalde-Tamayo
- 1th Degree Specialist Physician in Comprehensive General Medicine and Pulmonology, Spirometry Department, "Clinical Surgical University Hospital" Comandante Manuel Fajardo, Cuba
| | - Lázara Minerva Tam-Rey
- Degree in Health Technology, Aspiring Researcher, External Services Department, Institute of Hematology and Immunology, Cuba
| | - Laura Ruiz-Villegas
- Degree in Biology, Aspiring Researcher, Coordinator of Clinical Trials, Department of Teaching and Research, Institute of Hematology and Immunology, Cuba
| | - Odalis María de la Guardia-Peña
- Medical Specialist of 1st and 2nd Degree in Immunology, Assistant Professor and Researcher, External Services Department, Institute of Hematology and Immunology, Cuba
| | - Yanet Jerez-Barcel
- 1th Degree Specialist Physician in Comprehensive General Medicine and Immunology, Instructor Teacher, Blood Bank Department, Institute of Hematology and Immunology, Cuba
| | - Arturo Chang-Monteagudo
- Specialist Physician of 1st Degree in Comprehensive General Medicine and 2nd Degree in Immunology, Master in Biochemistry, Mention in Immunology, Assistant Professor and Researcher, Technical Deputy Director, Institute of Hematology and Immunology, Cuba
| | - Rosa María Lam-Díaz
- Medical Specialist in Biostatistics, Assistant Researcher, Department of Teaching and Research, Institute of Hematology and Immunology, Cuba
| | - Consuelo Milagros Macías-Abraham
- Dr. in Medical Sciences, 1st and 2nd Degree Specialist in Immunology, Professor and Senior Researcher, Director of the Institute of Hematology and Immunology, Cuba
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10
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Mulinacci G, Palermo A, Gerussi A, Asselta R, Gershwin ME, Invernizzi P. New insights on the role of human leukocyte antigen complex in primary biliary cholangitis. Front Immunol 2022; 13:975115. [PMID: 36119102 PMCID: PMC9471323 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.975115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Primary Biliary Cholangitis (PBC) is a rare autoimmune cholangiopathy. Genetic studies have shown that the strongest statistical association with PBC has been mapped in the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) locus, a highly polymorphic area that mostly contribute to the genetic variance of the disease. Furthermore, PBC presents high variability throughout different population groups, which may explain the different geoepidemiology of the disease. A major role in defining HLA genetic contribution has been given by genome-wide association studies (GWAS) studies; more recently, new technologies have been developed to allow a deeper understanding. The study of the altered peptides transcribed by genetic alterations also allowed the development of novel therapeutic strategies in the context of immunotolerance. This review summarizes what is known about the immunogenetics of PBC with a focus on the HLA locus, the different distribution of HLA alleles worldwide, and how HLA modifications are associated with the pathogenesis of PBC. Novel therapeutic strategies are also outlined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giacomo Mulinacci
- Division of Gastroenterology, Center for Autoimmune Liver Diseases, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
- European Reference Network on Hepatological Diseases (ERN RARE-LIVER), San Gerardo Hospital, Monza, Italy
| | - Andrea Palermo
- Division of Gastroenterology, Center for Autoimmune Liver Diseases, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
- European Reference Network on Hepatological Diseases (ERN RARE-LIVER), San Gerardo Hospital, Monza, Italy
| | - Alessio Gerussi
- Division of Gastroenterology, Center for Autoimmune Liver Diseases, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
- European Reference Network on Hepatological Diseases (ERN RARE-LIVER), San Gerardo Hospital, Monza, Italy
| | - Rosanna Asselta
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Istituti di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Italy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy
| | - Merrill Eric Gershwin
- Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Pietro Invernizzi
- Division of Gastroenterology, Center for Autoimmune Liver Diseases, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
- European Reference Network on Hepatological Diseases (ERN RARE-LIVER), San Gerardo Hospital, Monza, Italy
- *Correspondence: Pietro Invernizzi,
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11
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Single-cell analysis reveals differences among iNKT cells colonizing peripheral organs and identifies Klf2 as a key gene for iNKT emigration. Cell Discov 2022; 8:75. [PMID: 35915069 PMCID: PMC9343440 DOI: 10.1038/s41421-022-00432-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Invariant natural killer T cell (iNKT) subsets are differentially distributed in various immune organs. However, it remains unclear whether iNKT cells exhibit phenotypical and functional differences in different peripheral organs and how thymic iNKT cells emigrate to peripheral organs. Here, we used single-cell RNA-seq to map iNKT cells from peripheral organs. iNKT1 cells from liver, spleen, and lymph node appear to have distinct phenotypic profiles and functional capabilities. However, iNKT17 transcriptomes were comparable across peripheral organs. In addition, by integrating data with a thymic iNKT cell study, we uncovered a transient population of recent thymic emigrants, a cluster of peripheral iNKT cells with high expression of transcription factor Kruppel-like factor 2 (Klf2). Deletion of Klf2 led to a severe impairment of iNKT differentiation and migration. Our study revealed that iNKT subsets are uniquely distributed in peripheral organs with some inter-local tissue variation, especially for iNKT1 cell, and identified Klf2 as a rheostat for iNKT cell migration and differentiation.
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12
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Velikkakam T, Gollob KJ, Dutra WO. Double-negative T cells: Setting the stage for disease control or progression. Immunology 2022; 165:371-385. [PMID: 34939192 PMCID: PMC10626195 DOI: 10.1111/imm.13441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Double-negative (DN) T cells are present at relatively low frequencies in human peripheral blood, and are characterized as expressing the alpha-beta or gamma-delta T-cell receptor (TCR), but not the CD4 nor the CD8 co-receptors. Despite their low frequencies, these cells are potent producers of cytokines and, thus, are key orchestrators of immune responses. DN T cells were initially associated with induction of peripheral immunological tolerance and immunomodulatory activities related to disease prevention. However, other studies demonstrated that these cells can also display effector functions associated with pathology development. This apparent contradiction highlighted the heterogeneity of the DN T-cell population. Here, we review phenotypic and functional characteristics of DN T cells, emphasizing their role in human diseases. The need for developing biomarkers to facilitate the translation of studies from animal models to humans will also be discussed. Finally, we will examine DN T cells as promising therapeutic targets to prevent or inhibit human disease development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresiama Velikkakam
- Departamento de Morfologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
- Pós-graduação em Ciências da Saúde: Infectologia e Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Kenneth J. Gollob
- Hospital Israelita Albert Einsten, São Paulo, Brazil
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Doenças Tropicais – INCT-DT, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Walderez Ornelas Dutra
- Departamento de Morfologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
- Pós-graduação em Ciências da Saúde: Infectologia e Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Doenças Tropicais – INCT-DT, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
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13
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Pentraxin 3 and the TyG Index as Two Novel Markers to Diagnose NAFLD in Children. DISEASE MARKERS 2022; 2021:8833287. [PMID: 35059041 PMCID: PMC8764277 DOI: 10.1155/2021/8833287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2020] [Revised: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 02/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The diagnosis of NAFLD requires a liver biopsy, which is difficult in children. This study explored the diagnostic value of pentraxin 3 (PTX-3) and the triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index for NAFLD in children. METHODS Sixty-eight children with NAFLD were selected as study subjects, and 68 healthy children enrolled during the same period served as controls. The TyG index was calculated, serum PTX-3 expression was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and the correlations between PTX-3 or the TyG index and clinical and biochemical indicators were analyzed. A receiver operating characteristics curve analysis and area under the curve (AUC) were used to evaluate diagnostic accuracy. RESULTS Serum PTX-3 level and the TyG index of the NAFLD patients were significantly higher than those of the healthy controls (P < 0.001), which was closely related with the BMI, ALT, and insulin resistance. The AUC of PTX-3 for diagnosing NAFLD was 0.731 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.646-0.806), and the AUC of the TyG index for diagnosing NAFLD was 0.765 (95% CI 0.682-0.835). The AUC of PTX-3, the TyG index, and ALT for the combined diagnosis of NAFLD was 0.964 (95% CI 0.916-0.989). CONCLUSION PTX-3 and the TyG index are novel diagnostic biomarkers for NAFLD, as they effectively improved the diagnostic accuracy for NAFLD when combined with ALT.
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14
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Diminished natural killer T-like cells correlates with aggravated primary Sjögren’s syndrome. Clin Rheumatol 2022; 41:1163-1168. [PMID: 35059877 DOI: 10.1007/s10067-021-06011-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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15
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Vanikova S, Koladiya A, Musil J. OMIP-080: 29-Color flow cytometry panel for comprehensive evaluation of NK and T cells reconstitution after hematopoietic stem cells transplantation. Cytometry A 2021; 101:21-26. [PMID: 34693626 PMCID: PMC9298022 DOI: 10.1002/cyto.a.24510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Revised: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
This 29-color panel was developed and optimized for the monitoring of NK cell and T cell reconstitution in peripheral blood of patients after HSCT. We considered major post-HSCT complications during the design, such as relapses, viral infections, and GvHD and identification of lymphocyte populations relevant to their resolution. The panel includes markers for all major NK cell and T cell subsets and analysis of their development and qualitative properties. In the NK cell compartment, we focus mainly on CD57 + NKG2C+ cells and the expression of activating (NKG2D, DNAM-1) and inhibitory receptors (NKG2A, TIGIT). Another priority is the characterization of T cell reconstitution; therefore, we included detection of CD4+ RTEs based on CD45RA, CD62L, CD95, and CD31 as a marker of thymus function. Besides that, we also analyze the emergence and properties of major T cell populations with a particular interest in CD8, Th1, ThCTL, and Treg subsets. Overall, the panel allows for comprehensive analysis of the reconstituting immune system and identification of potential markers of immune cell dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarka Vanikova
- Department of Immunomonitoring and Flow Cytometry, Institute of Hematology and Blood Transfusion, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Abhishek Koladiya
- Department of Immunomonitoring and Flow Cytometry, Institute of Hematology and Blood Transfusion, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Musil
- Department of Immunomonitoring and Flow Cytometry, Institute of Hematology and Blood Transfusion, Prague, Czech Republic
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16
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Zhou Y, Li YR, Zeng S, Yang L. Methods for Studying Mouse and Human Invariant Natural Killer T Cells. Methods Mol Biol 2021; 2388:35-57. [PMID: 34524660 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-1775-5_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/22/2023]
Abstract
Invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells are a unique subset of T lymphocytes that recognize lipid antigens presented by nonpolymorphic major histocompatibility complex (MHC) I-like molecule CD1d. iNKT cells play essential roles in regulating immune responses against cancer, viral infection, autoimmune disease, and allergy. However, the study and application of iNKT cells have been hampered by their very small numbers (0.01-1% in mouse and human blood). Here, we describe protocols to (1) generate mouse iNKT cells from mouse mononuclear cells or from mouse hematopoietic stem cells engineered with iNKT T cell receptor (TCR) gene (denoted as mMNC-iNKT cells or mHSC-iNKT cells, respectively), (2) generate human iNKT cells from human peripheral blood mononuclear cells or from human HSC cells engineered with iNKT TCR gene (denoted as hPBMC-iNKT cells or hHSC-iNKT cells, respectively), and (3) characterize mouse and human iNKT cells in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zhou
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Yan-Ruide Li
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Samuel Zeng
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Lili Yang
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA. .,Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA. .,Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA. .,Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
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17
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NKT and NKT-like Cells in Autoimmune Neuroinflammatory Diseases-Multiple Sclerosis, Myasthenia Gravis and Guillain-Barre Syndrome. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22179520. [PMID: 34502425 PMCID: PMC8431671 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22179520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Revised: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
NKT cells comprise three subsets—type I (invariant, iNKT), type II, and NKT-like cells, of which iNKT cells are the most studied subset. They are capable of rapid cytokine production after the initial stimulus, thus they may be important for polarisation of Th cells. Due to this, they may be an important cell subset in autoimmune diseases. In the current review, we are summarising results of NKT-oriented studies in major neurological autoimmune diseases—multiple sclerosis, myasthenia gravis, and Guillain-Barre syndrome and their corresponding animal models.
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18
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Liu J, Yang X, Wang H, Li Z, Deng H, Liu J, Xiong S, He J, Feng X, Guo C, Wang W, Zelinskyy G, Trilling M, Sutter K, Senff T, Menne C, Timm J, Zhang Y, Deng F, Lu Y, Wu J, Lu M, Yang D, Dittmer U, Wang B, Zheng X. Analysis of the Long-Term Impact on Cellular Immunity in COVID-19-Recovered Individuals Reveals a Profound NKT Cell Impairment. mBio 2021; 12:e00085-21. [PMID: 33906918 PMCID: PMC8092197 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.00085-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) affected over 120 million people and killed over 2.7 million individuals by March 2021. While acute and intermediate interactions between SARS-CoV-2 and the immune system have been studied extensively, long-term impacts on the cellular immune system remain to be analyzed. Here, we comprehensively characterized immunological changes in peripheral blood mononuclear cells in 49 COVID-19-convalescent individuals (CI) in comparison to 27 matched SARS-CoV-2-unexposed individuals (UI). Despite recovery from the disease for more than 2 months, CI showed significant decreases in frequencies of invariant NKT and NKT-like cells compared to UI. Concomitant with the decrease in NKT-like cells, an increase in the percentage of annexin V and 7-aminoactinomycin D (7-AAD) double-positive NKT-like cells was detected, suggesting that the reduction in NKT-like cells results from cell death months after recovery. Significant increases in regulatory T cell frequencies and TIM-3 expression on CD4 and CD8 T cells were also observed in CI, while the cytotoxic potential of T cells and NKT-like cells, defined by granzyme B (GzmB) expression, was significantly diminished. However, both CD4 and CD8 T cells of CI showed increased Ki67 expression and were fully able to proliferate and produce effector cytokines upon T cell receptor (TCR) stimulation. Collectively, we provide a comprehensive characterization of immune signatures in patients recovering from SARS-CoV-2 infection, suggesting that the cellular immune system of COVID-19 patients is still under a sustained influence even months after the recovery from disease.IMPORTANCE Wuhan was the very first city hit by SARS-CoV-2. Accordingly, the patients who experienced the longest phase of convalescence following COVID-19 reside here. This enabled us to investigate the "immunological scar" left by SARS-CoV-2 on cellular immunity after recovery from the disease. In this study, we characterized the long-term impact of SARS-CoV-2 infection on the immune system and provide a comprehensive picture of cellular immunity of a convalescent COVID-19 patient cohort with the longest recovery time. We revealed that the cellular immune system of COVID-19 patients is still under a sustained influence even months after the recovery from disease; in particular, a profound NKT cell impairment was found in the convalescent phase of COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Liu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Joint International Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xuecheng Yang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Joint International Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Hua Wang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ziwei Li
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Joint International Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Hui Deng
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Joint International Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Joint International Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Shue Xiong
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Joint International Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Junyi He
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Joint International Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xuemei Feng
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Joint International Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Chunxia Guo
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Weixian Wang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Gennadiy Zelinskyy
- Institute for Virology, University Hospital of Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
- Joint International Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Mirko Trilling
- Institute for Virology, University Hospital of Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
- Joint International Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Kathrin Sutter
- Institute for Virology, University Hospital of Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
- Joint International Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Tina Senff
- Institute for Virology, Heinrich-Heine-University, University Hospital, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Christopher Menne
- Institute for Virology, Heinrich-Heine-University, University Hospital, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Joerg Timm
- Institute for Virology, Heinrich-Heine-University, University Hospital, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Yanfang Zhang
- Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Fei Deng
- Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Yinping Lu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Joint International Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jun Wu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Joint International Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Mengji Lu
- Institute for Virology, University Hospital of Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
- Joint International Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Dongliang Yang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Joint International Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ulf Dittmer
- Institute for Virology, University Hospital of Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
- Joint International Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Baoju Wang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Joint International Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xin Zheng
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Joint International Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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19
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Li H, Zhang X, Wang P, Zhou X, Liang H, Li C. Knockdown of circ-FANCA alleviates LPS-induced HK2 cell injury via targeting miR-93-5p/OXSR1 axis in septic acute kidney injury. Diabetol Metab Syndr 2021; 13:7. [PMID: 33468219 PMCID: PMC7816370 DOI: 10.1186/s13098-021-00625-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sepsis is life-threatening disease with systemic inflammation and can lead to various diseases, including septic acute kidney injury (AKI). Recently, diverse circular RNAs (circRNAs) are considered to be involved in the development of this disease. In this study, we aimed to elucidate the role of circ-FANCA and the potential action mechanism in sepsis-induced AKI. METHODS HK2 cells were treated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to establish septic AKI cell model. The expression of circ-FANCA, microRNA-93-5p (miR-93-5p) and oxidative stress responsive 1 (OXSR1) mRNA was determined by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Cell viability was assessed using cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay. Cell apoptosis and cell cycle distribution were measured by flow cytometry. The inflammatory response was monitored according to the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The activities of oxidative indicators were examined using the corresponding kits. Dual-luciferase reporter assay and RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) assay were applied to validate the interaction between miR-93-5p and circ-FANCA or OXSR1. Protein analysis was conducted through western blot. RESULTS Circ-FANCA was upregulated in septic AKI serum specimens and LPS-treated HK2 cells. Functionally, circ-FANCA knockdown facilitated cell proliferation and restrained apoptosis, inflammation and oxidative stress in LPS-triggered HK2 cells. Further mechanism analysis revealed that miR-93-5p was a target of circ-FANCA and circ-FANCA modulated LPS-induced cell damage by targeting miR-93-5p. Meanwhile, miR-93-5p overexpression repressed LPS-treated HK2 cell injury by sponging OXSR1. Furthermore, circ-FANCA regulated OXSR1 expression by sponging miR-93-5p. Besides, exosome-derived circ-FANCA was upregulated in LPS-induced HK2 cells, which was downregulated by GW4869. CONCLUSION Circ-FANCA knockdown attenuated LPS-induced HK2 cell injury by regulating OXSR1 expression via targeting miR-93-5p.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heyun Li
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, No. 215 Hospital of Shaanxi Nucler Industry, Xianyang, 712000, China
| | - Xia Zhang
- Department of Rulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Hanzhong City Central Hospital of Shaanxi Province, Hanzhong, 723000, China
| | - Peng Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Baoji Central Hospital, Baoji, 721008, China
| | - Xiaoyan Zhou
- Department of Vascular Intervention, Shaanxi Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xi'an, 710003, China
| | - Haiying Liang
- Department of Rulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shaanxi Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xi'an, 710003, China
| | - Caoni Li
- Department of Hematology, Shangluo Central Hospital, No. 148 Beixin Street, Shangluo, 726000, China.
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20
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Invariant NKT Cells and Rheumatic Disease: Focus on Primary Sjogren Syndrome. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20215435. [PMID: 31683641 PMCID: PMC6862604 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20215435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2019] [Revised: 10/28/2019] [Accepted: 10/29/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Primary Sjogren syndrome (pSS) is a complex autoimmune disease mainly affecting salivary and lacrimal glands. Several factors contribute to pSS pathogenesis; in particular, innate immunity seems to play a key role in disease etiology. Invariant natural killer (NK) T cells (iNKT) are a T-cell subset able to recognize glycolipid antigens. Their function remains unclear, but studies have pointed out their ability to modulate the immune system through the promotion of specific cytokine milieu. In this review, we discussed the possible role of iNKT in pSS development, as well as their implications as future markers of disease activity.
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21
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Wessels I, Rink L. Micronutrients in autoimmune diseases: possible therapeutic benefits of zinc and vitamin D. J Nutr Biochem 2019; 77:108240. [PMID: 31841960 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2019.108240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2019] [Accepted: 09/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
A functional immune system is essential for healthy life. This is achieved by the coordinate activation and interaction of different immune cells. One should be aware that activation of the immune response is as important as its deactivation when the pathogens are cleared, as otherwise host tissue can be damaged up to life-threatening levels. Autoimmune diseases (AID) represent a phenomenon of immune cells attacking host cells and tissue. Five to eight percent of the world's population are currently affected by 80-100 AID. In recent years, the incidence has been constantly increasing, reaching alarmingly high numbers particularly for type 1 diabetes mellitus, Crohn's disease, rheumatoid arthritis, Sjogren's syndrome and multiple sclerosis. This indicates a higher societal burden of AID for the future. This article provides an overview of general concepts of triggers and underlying mechanisms leading to self-destruction. Lately, several original concepts of disease etiology were revised, and there is a variety of hypotheses on triggers, underlying mechanisms and preventive actions. This article concentrates on the importance of nutrition, especially zinc and vitamin D, for balancing the immune function. Homespun nutritional remedies seem to reenter today's therapeutic strategies. Current treatment approaches are largely symptomatic or suppress the immune system. However, recent studies reveal significant benefits of nutrition-related therapeutic approaches including prevention and treatment of established disease, which offer a cost-efficient and trigger-unspecific alternative addressing balancing rather than suppression of the immune system. Zinc and vitamin D are currently the best studied and most promising candidates for therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inga Wessels
- Institute of Immunology, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstr. 30, D-52074 Aachen, Germany.
| | - Lothar Rink
- Institute of Immunology, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstr. 30, D-52074 Aachen, Germany.
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22
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Almeida JS, Couceiro P, López-Sejas N, Alves V, Růžičková L, Tarazona R, Solana R, Freitas-Tavares P, Santos-Rosa M, Rodrigues-Santos P. NKT-Like (CD3+CD56+) Cells in Chronic Myeloid Leukemia Patients Treated With Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors. Front Immunol 2019; 10:2493. [PMID: 31695700 PMCID: PMC6817724 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.02493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2019] [Accepted: 10/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Therapy with Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors (TKI) aiming stable deep molecular response is the gold standard to treat Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML). NKT-like cells (CD3+CD56+) combine characteristics of T and NK cells. The physiopathological role of these cells remains unknown although the literature refers their association with inflammation, autoimmune diseases, and cancer. Since the information regarding the role of NKT-like cells in CML is rare, we aimed at the characterization of these cells in CML patients treated with TKIs. Peripheral blood NKT-like cells from 48 CML patients and 40 healthy donors were analyzed by multiparametric flow cytometry. Functional tests consisting of co-culture with leukemic target cells (K562 cell line) were used to measure degranulation and cytokine production. Our results revealed that NKT-like cells are decreased in treated CML patients, although they present increased expression of activation markers (CD69 and HLA-DR), increased degranulation (CD107a) and impaired IFN-γ production. Significantly alterations on the expression of tumor recognition (NCRs and NKp80), and immune regulation receptors (LAG-3, TIM-3, and CD137) by NKT-like cells were observed in CML patients. Second generation TKIs increased cell activation (CD69) and decreased expression of NKp44 and NKp80 by NKT-like cells from CML patients when compared to Imatinib. CML patients that achieved deep molecular response (MR4.5) presented downregulation of NKp44 and LAG-3. Further studies are needed to clarify the role of these cells as biomarkers of therapy response and also to evaluate their value for discrimination of better candidates for sustained treatment-free remission after TKI discontinuation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jani-Sofia Almeida
- Faculty of Medicine (FMUC), Institute of Immunology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,Laboratory of Immunology and Oncology, Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology (CNC), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,Faculty of Medicine, Center of Investigation in Environment, Genetics and Oncobiology (CIMAGO), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,Faculty of Medicine, Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,Center for Innovation in Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Patrícia Couceiro
- Laboratory of Immunology and Oncology, Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology (CNC), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,Faculty of Medicine, Center of Investigation in Environment, Genetics and Oncobiology (CIMAGO), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,Faculty of Medicine, Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,Center for Innovation in Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Nelson López-Sejas
- Department of Immunology, IMIBIC - Reina Sofia University Hospital, University of Cordoba, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Vera Alves
- Faculty of Medicine (FMUC), Institute of Immunology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,Faculty of Medicine, Center of Investigation in Environment, Genetics and Oncobiology (CIMAGO), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,Faculty of Medicine, Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,Center for Innovation in Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Lenka Růžičková
- Hematology Service, Coimbra Hospital and Universitary Centre (CHUC), Coimbra, Portugal
| | | | - Rafael Solana
- Department of Immunology, IMIBIC - Reina Sofia University Hospital, University of Cordoba, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Paulo Freitas-Tavares
- Hematology Service, Coimbra Hospital and Universitary Centre (CHUC), Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Manuel Santos-Rosa
- Faculty of Medicine (FMUC), Institute of Immunology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,Faculty of Medicine, Center of Investigation in Environment, Genetics and Oncobiology (CIMAGO), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,Faculty of Medicine, Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,Center for Innovation in Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Paulo Rodrigues-Santos
- Faculty of Medicine (FMUC), Institute of Immunology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,Laboratory of Immunology and Oncology, Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology (CNC), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,Faculty of Medicine, Center of Investigation in Environment, Genetics and Oncobiology (CIMAGO), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,Faculty of Medicine, Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,Center for Innovation in Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
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23
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Chen D, Liu H, Wang Y, Chen S, Liu J, Li W, Dou H, Hou W, Meng M. Study of the adoptive immunotherapy on rheumatoid arthritis with Thymus-derived invariant natural killer T cells. Int Immunopharmacol 2019; 67:427-440. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2018.12.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2018] [Revised: 11/20/2018] [Accepted: 12/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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24
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The Cytomegalovirus-Specific IL-21 ELISpot Correlates with Allograft Function of Kidney Transplant Recipients. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19123945. [PMID: 30544783 PMCID: PMC6320857 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19123945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2018] [Revised: 12/05/2018] [Accepted: 12/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In kidney transplant recipients, the cytomegalovirus (CMV) is frequently causing infection/reactivation and can trigger allograft rejection. To assess the risk of reactivation, the cellular immune response against CMV is increasingly assessed by cellular in vitro methods, such as the interferon (IFN)-γ ELISpot. In the current study we compared the IFN-γ ELISpot with our newly established CMV-specific ELISpot assays determining IL-17A, IL-21, IL-22, granzyme B, and perforin and correlated the results with flow cytometric data and clinical parameters. In 77 kidney transplant recipients, the highest frequency was observed for CMV pp65-specific cells secreting IFN-γ, followed by cells secreting IL-21 (62.9 and 23.2 Δ spot forming cells/105 cells). We observed a positive correlation between the percentage of CMV-specific CD3+ CD4+ CD154+ cells and results of the CMV-specific IL-21 ELISpot (p = 0.002). Results of the CMV pp65-specific IL-21 ELISpot correlated negatively with kidney function (estimated glomerular filtration rate, p = 0.006) and were significantly higher in women (p = 0.005). IL-21, a cytokine involved in aging that is secreted by activated CD4+ T cells, may also impact on allograft function. Thus, the CMV-specific IL-21 ELISpot could become a new tool to assess if CMV seropositivity represents a hazard for the graft.
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25
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Lv X, Gao Y, Dong T, Yang L. Role of Natural Killer T (NKT) Cells in Type II Diabetes-Induced Vascular Injuries. Med Sci Monit 2018; 24:8322-8332. [PMID: 30451213 PMCID: PMC6256848 DOI: 10.12659/msm.912446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background This study investigated the distribution and features of natural killer T (NKT) cells in the peripheral blood of diabetic patients, and their regulatory roles on vascular endothelial cells. Material/Methods Peripheral lymphocytes were isolated from diabetic patients. NKT cell distribution, proportion, and surface and intracellular markers were detected with flow cytometry. Peripheral blood-derived NKT cells were isolated and co-cultured with human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Proliferation and migration of HUVECs were assessed with the CCK-8 assay and the Transwell chamber assay. Results The ratios of CD3-CD56+ NK and CD3+CD56+ NKT cells in the peripheral blood of patients with type II diabetes were significantly elevated. The expression levels of NKp30, NKG2D, and NKp44 on the surface were increased in the CD3+CD56+ NKT cells, while the expression levels of NKG2A and 158b were significantly downregulated. The expression level of granzymes in the peripheral blood-derived NKT cells were not changed in patients with type II diabetes, but the expression levels of IFNγ and IL-4 were significantly increased. However, after co-culture with NKT cells derived from the peripheral blood of diabetic patients, the proliferation and migration of HUVECs were significantly inhibited, and was restored by treatment with IL-4 antibody. In addition, the IL-4 stimulus inhibited the proliferation and migration of HUVECs. Conclusions Peripheral blood NKT cells are increased and activated in diabetes. NKT cells inhibit the proliferation and migration of HUVECs by secreting IL-4, thereby inducing vascular injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohong Lv
- The First Department of Endocrinology, Tai'an Central Hospital, Tai'an, Shandong, China (mainland)
| | - Yun Gao
- The First Department of Endocrinology, Tai'an Central Hospital, Tai'an, Shandong, China (mainland)
| | - Tantan Dong
- Department of Internal Medicine, Taishan People's Hospital, Tai'an, Shandong, China (mainland)
| | - Libo Yang
- The First Department of Endocrinology, Tai'an Central Hospital, Tai'an, Shandong, China (mainland)
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26
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Grywalska E, Siwicka-Gieroba D, Mielnik M, Podgajna M, Gosik K, Dąbrowski W, Roliński J. Effectiveness of Haemophilus influenzae type b vaccination after splenectomy - impact on selected immunological parameters. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2018; 15:339-348. [PMID: 30352001 PMCID: PMC6422483 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2018.1537744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Splenectomy is a surgery indicated in case of splenic rupture after injury, when there are tumors in the spleen, or as a treatment for certain diseases, such as idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura and spherocytosis. The aims of the study were to assess the immunological response to the Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) vaccine and the post-vaccination changes in lymphocyte subsets and cell activation markers in splenectomized patients and healthy volunteers. Blood samples were collected from 25 patients that had undergone splenectomy and from 15 healthy, non-splenectomized volunteers. All participants received a single dose of Hib vaccine. The concentration of specific Hib antibodies was assessed by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Selected immune cell populations were evaluated using flow cytometry. The analysis of the antibody titers against Hib showed statistically significant differences in both groups. There was a significantly higher percentage (p = 0.0012) and absolute value (p = 0.0003) of natural killer T (NKT)-like cells (CD3+/CD16+ CD56+) in the study group, compared to the control group. The levels of natural killer (NK) and NKT cells did not change relative to the cause and age of splenectomy. The quantity and percentage of regulatory T (Treg) cells were higher in the study group compared to the control group (p < 0.0001). No significant correlations were found between the time elapsed since splenectomy, the age of the patients, and the Treg levels. Our study showed that spleen resection results in an important deterioration of Treg cells and Th17 cell balance which may contribute to an incomplete immunological response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewelina Grywalska
- a Department of Clinical Immunology and Immunotherapy , Medical University of Lublin , Lublin , Poland
| | - Dorota Siwicka-Gieroba
- b Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care , Medical University of Lublin , Lublin , Poland
| | - Michał Mielnik
- a Department of Clinical Immunology and Immunotherapy , Medical University of Lublin , Lublin , Poland
| | - Martyna Podgajna
- a Department of Clinical Immunology and Immunotherapy , Medical University of Lublin , Lublin , Poland
| | - Krzysztof Gosik
- a Department of Clinical Immunology and Immunotherapy , Medical University of Lublin , Lublin , Poland
| | - Wojciech Dąbrowski
- b Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care , Medical University of Lublin , Lublin , Poland
| | - Jacek Roliński
- a Department of Clinical Immunology and Immunotherapy , Medical University of Lublin , Lublin , Poland
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27
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Abstract
Type I or invariant natural killer T cells belong to a unique lineage of innate T cells, which express markers of both T lymphocytes and NK cells, namely T cell receptor (TCR) and NK1.1 (CD161C), respectively. Thus, apart from direct killing of target cells like NK cells, and they also produce a myriad of cytokines which modulate the adaptive immune responses. Unlike traditional T cells which carry a conventional αβ TCR, NKT cells express semi-invariant TCR - Vα14-Jα18, coupled with Vβ8, Vβ7 and Vβ2 in mice. In humans, the invariant TCR is composed of Vα24-Jα18, coupled with Vβ11.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kalyani Pyaram
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, USA
| | - Viveka Nand Yadav
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, USA
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