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Hiya HJ, Nakashima Y, Takeuchi A, Nakamura T, Nakamura Y, Murata Y, Munemasa S. Outward-rectifying potassium channels GORK and SKOR function in regulation of root growth under salt stress in Arabidopsis thaliana. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2024; 302:154322. [PMID: 39137481 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2024.154322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2024] [Revised: 07/30/2024] [Accepted: 07/31/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024]
Abstract
Plants often face high salinity as a significant environmental challenge with roots being the first responders to this stress. Maintaining K+/Na+ ratio within plant cells is crucial for survival, as the intracellular K+ level decreases and the intracellular Na+ level increases under saline conditions. However, knowledge about the molecular regulatory mechanisms of K+ loss in response to salt stress through outward-rectifying K+ channels in plants is largely unknown. In this study, we found that the Arabidopsis double mutant gorkskor, in which the GORK and SKOR genes are disrupted, showed an improved primary root growth under salt stress compared to wild-type (WT) and the gork and skor single-mutant plants. No significant differences in the sensitivity to mannitol stress between the WT and gorkskor mutant were observed. Accumulation of ROS induced by salt stress was reduced in the gorkskor roots. The gorkskor mutant seedlings had significantly higher K+ content, lower Na+ content, and a greater resultant K+/Na+ ratio than the WT under salt stress. Moreover, salt-stress-induced elevation of cytosolic free Ca2+ concentration was reduced in the gorkskor roots. Taken together, these results suggest that Arabidopsis Shaker-type outward-rectifying K+ channels GORK and SKOR may redundantly function in regulation of primary root growth under salt stress and are involved in not only the late-stage response (e.g. K+ leakage) but also the early response including ROS production and [Ca2+]cyt elevation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hafsa Jahan Hiya
- Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University, Okayama, 700-8530, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Nakashima
- Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University, Okayama, 700-8530, Japan
| | - Airi Takeuchi
- Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University, Okayama, 700-8530, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Nakamura
- Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University, Okayama, 700-8530, Japan
| | - Yoshimasa Nakamura
- Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University, Okayama, 700-8530, Japan
| | - Yoshiyuki Murata
- Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University, Okayama, 700-8530, Japan
| | - Shintaro Munemasa
- Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University, Okayama, 700-8530, Japan.
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2
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Tsuboyama S, Okumura T, Watanabe K, Koga K, Shiratani M, Kuchitsu K. Real-time live imaging of cytosolic hydrogen peroxide and Ca 2+ of Marchantia polymorpha gemmalings reveal immediate initial responses of plant cells triggered by nonthermal plasma irradiation. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 216:109172. [PMID: 39395224 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.109172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2024] [Revised: 09/03/2024] [Accepted: 09/29/2024] [Indexed: 10/14/2024]
Abstract
Cold atmospheric pressure plasma generators capable of generating plasma under normal pressure and temperature conditions have recently been developed, and their biological applications have been extensively studied. Plasma irradiation has been reported to affect plant germination and growth; however, the molecular mechanism underlying these effects and initial cellular responses to plasma irradiation remains poorly understood. To unravel the molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying the effects of plasma irradiation on plants, we have been establishing novel experimental systems using a model liverwort Marchantia polymorpha. We here focused on the initial responses of plant cells to plasma irradiation. To investigate immediate cellular responses following plasma irradiation, we developed a new plasma device that allows irradiation under a microscope. Through integration with live fluorescence imaging, we established an experimental setup to track, the dynamics of intracellular concentration of H2O2 and Ca2+ as representative initial cellular responses. We revealed that plasma irradiation induced a rapid and transient increase in intracellular concentration of H2O2 and Ca2+ in Marchantia gemmalings. Pharmacological analyses suggested that the long-lived reactive species, H2O2, generated by the plasma generator was directly delivered into the plant cells. Competitive inhibitors of Ca2+ channels abolished the Ca2+ rise, suggesting that plasma irradiation immediately activate plasma membrane Ca2+ channel(s) to induce Ca2+ influx. Importantly, this study marks the inaugural demonstration of real-time monitoring of cytosolic H2O2 and Ca2+ dynamics in plants, triggered by plasma irradiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shoko Tsuboyama
- Department of Applied Biological Science, Tokyo University of Science, Noda, Chiba, 278-8510, Japan
| | - Takamasa Okumura
- Faculty of Information Science and Electrical Engineering, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kenshiro Watanabe
- Department of Applied Biological Science, Tokyo University of Science, Noda, Chiba, 278-8510, Japan
| | - Kazunori Koga
- Faculty of Information Science and Electrical Engineering, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
| | - Masaharu Shiratani
- Faculty of Information Science and Electrical Engineering, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan; Center of Plasma Nano-interface Engineering, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kazuyuki Kuchitsu
- Department of Applied Biological Science, Tokyo University of Science, Noda, Chiba, 278-8510, Japan.
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Yang Y, Xu L, Hao C, Wan M, Tao Y, Zhuang Y, Su Y, Li L. The microRNA408-plantacyanin module balances plant growth and drought resistance by regulating reactive oxygen species homeostasis in guard cells. THE PLANT CELL 2024; 36:4338-4355. [PMID: 38723161 PMCID: PMC11448907 DOI: 10.1093/plcell/koae144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2024] [Indexed: 10/05/2024]
Abstract
The conserved microRNA (miRNA) miR408 enhances photosynthesis and compromises stress tolerance in multiple plants, but the cellular mechanism underlying its function remains largely unclear. Here, we show that in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana), the transcript encoding the blue copper protein PLANTACYANIN (PCY) is the primary target for miR408 in vegetative tissues. PCY is preferentially expressed in the guard cells, and PCY is associated with the endomembrane surrounding individual chloroplasts. We found that the MIR408 promoter is suppressed by multiple abscisic acid (ABA)-responsive transcription factors, thus allowing PCY to accumulate under stress conditions. Genetic analysis revealed that PCY elevates reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels in the guard cells, promotes stomatal closure, reduces photosynthetic gas exchange, and enhances drought resistance. Moreover, the miR408-PCY module is sufficient to rescue the growth and drought tolerance phenotypes caused by gain- and loss-of-function of MYB44, an established positive regulator of ABA responses, indicating that the miR408-PCY module relays ABA signaling for regulating ROS homeostasis and drought resistance. These results demonstrate that miR408 regulates stomatal movement to balance growth and drought resistance, providing a mechanistic understanding of why miR408 is selected during land plant evolution and insights into the long-pursued quest of breeding drought-tolerant and high-yielding crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanzhi Yang
- Peking University Institute of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, Shandong Laboratory of Advanced Agricultural Sciences at Weifang, Shandong 261000, China
- State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research, School of Advanced Agricultural Sciences and School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Lei Xu
- Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Chen Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research, School of Advanced Agricultural Sciences and School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Miaomiao Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research, School of Advanced Agricultural Sciences and School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Yihan Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research, School of Advanced Agricultural Sciences and School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Yan Zhuang
- State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research, School of Advanced Agricultural Sciences and School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Yanning Su
- State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research, School of Advanced Agricultural Sciences and School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Lei Li
- Peking University Institute of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, Shandong Laboratory of Advanced Agricultural Sciences at Weifang, Shandong 261000, China
- State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research, School of Advanced Agricultural Sciences and School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
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Nguyen TH, Kim MJ, Kim J. The transcription factor LBD10 sustains pollen tube growth and integrity by modulating reactive oxygen species homeostasis via the regulation of flavonol biosynthesis in Arabidopsis. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2024; 244:131-146. [PMID: 39113420 DOI: 10.1111/nph.20029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 09/17/2024]
Abstract
Reproduction in angiosperms relies on the precise growth of pollen tubes, facilitating the delivery of sperm cells to the ovule for double fertilization. LATERAL ORGAN BOUNDARIES DOMAIN10 (LBD10), a plant-specific transcription factor, plays a pivotal role in Arabidopsis pollen development. Here, we uncovered LBD10's function in sustaining pollen tube growth and integrity. The lbd10 mutant exhibited elevated levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in both pollen grains and tubes, leading to compromised pollen tube growth. The inhibition of ROS synthesis and scavenging of excess ROS with an antioxidant treatment each alleviated these defects in lbd10. The lbd10 mutant displayed reduced flavonol accumulation in both pollen grains and tubes. All the altered phenotypes of lbd10 were complemented by expressing LBD10 under its native promoter. Exogenous application of flavonoids recused the defects in pollen tube growth and integrity in lbd10, along with reducing the excess levels of ROS and H2O2. LBD10 directly binds the promoters of key flavonol biosynthesis genes in chromatin and promotes reporter gene expression in Arabidopsis mesophyll protoplasts. Our findings indicate that LBD10 modulates ROS homeostasis by transcriptionally activating genes crucial for flavonol biosynthesis, thereby maintaining pollen tube growth and integrity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thu-Hien Nguyen
- Department of Integrative Food, Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, Korea
| | - Min Jung Kim
- Department of Bioenergy Science and Technology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, Korea
| | - Jungmook Kim
- Department of Integrative Food, Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, Korea
- Department of Bioenergy Science and Technology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, Korea
- Kumho Life Science Laboratory, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, Korea
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Coskun D. SPOTLIGHT: TaSPL6-D, a transcriptional repressor of TaHKT1;5-D in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and a novel target for improving salt tolerance in crops. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2024; 303:154351. [PMID: 39299160 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2024.154351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2024] [Revised: 09/11/2024] [Accepted: 09/12/2024] [Indexed: 09/22/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Devrim Coskun
- Département de Phytologie, Faculté des Sciences de l'Agriculture et de l'Alimentation, Université Laval, Canada.
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Jiao S, Hou X, Kong W, Zhao G, Feng Y, Zhang S, Zhang H, Liu J, Jiang G. Ryegrass uptake behavior and forage risk assessment after exposing to soil with combined polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and cadmium. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 938:173385. [PMID: 38796010 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.173385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2024] [Revised: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/28/2024]
Abstract
Internalization of chemicals and the forage risks of ryegrass under the combined exposure to PAHs and Cd at environmental concentrations were studied here. The effect of soil pH was also concerned due to the widely occurred soil acidification and general alkali remediation for acidification soil. Unexpectedly, as same as the acid-treated group (pH 6.77), the alkali-treatment (pH 8.83) increased Cd uptake compared with original soil pH group (pH 7.92) for the reason of CdOH+ and CdHCO3+ formed in alkali-treated group. Co-exposure to PAHs induced more oxidative stress than Cd exposure alone due to PAHs aggregated in young root regions, such as root tips, and consequently, affecting the expression of Cd-transporters, destroying the basic structure of plant cells, inhibiting the energy supply for the transporters, even triggering programmed cell death, and finally resulting in decreased Cd uptake. Even under environmental concentrations, combined exposure caused potential risks derived from both PAHs and Cd. Especially, ryegrass grown in alkali-treated soil experienced an increased forage risks despite the soil meeting the national standards for Cd at safe levels. These comprehensive results reveal the mechanism of PAHs inhibiting Cd uptake, improve the understanding of bioavailability of Cd based on different forms, provide a theoretical basis to formulate the safety criteria, and guide the application of actual soil management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suning Jiao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xingwang Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Wenqian Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Ganghui Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; School of Environment, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, UCAS, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Yue Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; School of Environment, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, UCAS, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Shuyan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Hongrui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jiyan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; School of Environment, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, UCAS, Hangzhou 310000, China.
| | - Guibin Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; School of Environment, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, UCAS, Hangzhou 310000, China
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7
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Qu M, Huang X, Shabala L, Fuglsang AT, Yu M, Shabala S. Understanding Ameliorating Effects of Boron on Adaptation to Salt Stress in Arabidopsis. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:1960. [PMID: 39065487 PMCID: PMC11280838 DOI: 10.3390/plants13141960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2024] [Revised: 07/08/2024] [Accepted: 07/16/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
When faced with salinity stress, plants typically exhibit a slowdown in their growth patterns. Boron (B) is an essential micronutrient for plants that are known to play a critical role in controlling cell wall properties. In this study, we used the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana Col-0 and relevant mutants to explore how the difference in B availability may modulate plant responses to salt stress. There was a visible root growth suppression of Col-0 with the increased salt levels in the absence of B while this growth reduction was remarkably alleviated by B supply. Pharmacological experiments revealed that orthovanadate (a known blocker of H+-ATPase) inhibited root growth at no B condition, but had no effect in the presence of 30 μM B. Salinity stress resulted in a massive K+ loss from mature zones of A. thaliana roots; this efflux was attenuated in the presence of B. Supplemental B also increased the magnitude of net H+ pumping by plant roots. Boron availability was also essential for root halotropism. Interestingly, the aha2Δ57 mutant with active H+-ATPase protein exhibited the same halotropism response as Col-0 while the aha2-4 mutant had a stronger halotropism response (larger bending angle) compared with that of Col-0. Overall, the ameliorative effect of B on the A. thaliana growth under salt stress is based on the H+-ATPase stimulation and a subsequent K+ retention, involving auxin- and ROS-pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Qu
- International Research Center for Environmental Membrane Biology, Foshan University, Foshan 528000, China; (M.Q.); (X.H.); (L.S.)
- Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture, University of Tasmania, Hobart 7005, Australia
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 1871 Copenhagen, Denmark;
| | - Xin Huang
- International Research Center for Environmental Membrane Biology, Foshan University, Foshan 528000, China; (M.Q.); (X.H.); (L.S.)
| | - Lana Shabala
- International Research Center for Environmental Membrane Biology, Foshan University, Foshan 528000, China; (M.Q.); (X.H.); (L.S.)
- Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture, University of Tasmania, Hobart 7005, Australia
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth 6009, Australia
| | - Anja Thoe Fuglsang
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 1871 Copenhagen, Denmark;
| | - Min Yu
- International Research Center for Environmental Membrane Biology, Foshan University, Foshan 528000, China; (M.Q.); (X.H.); (L.S.)
| | - Sergey Shabala
- International Research Center for Environmental Membrane Biology, Foshan University, Foshan 528000, China; (M.Q.); (X.H.); (L.S.)
- Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture, University of Tasmania, Hobart 7005, Australia
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth 6009, Australia
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Wang L, Shi Q, Pan Y, Shi L, Huang X. ROS and Ca 2+ signaling involved in important lipid changes of Chlorella pyrenoidosa under nitrogen stress conditions. PLANTA 2024; 260:39. [PMID: 38951320 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-024-04471-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/03/2024]
Abstract
MAIN CONCLUSION Nitrogen stress altered important lipid parameters and related genes in Chlorella pyrenoidosa via ROS and Ca2+ signaling. The mutual interference between ROS and Ca2+ signaling was also uncovered. The changed mechanisms of lipid parameters (especially lipid classes and unsaturation of fatty acids) in microalgae are not completely well known under nitrogen stress. Therefore, Chlorella pyrenoidosa was exposed to 0, 0.5, 1 and 1.5 g L-1 NaNO3 for 4 days. Then, the physiological and biochemical changes were measured. It was shown that the total lipid contents, neutral lipid ratios as well as their related genes (accD and DGAT) increased obviously while the polar lipid ratios, degrees of unsaturation as well as their related genes (PGP and desC) decreased significantly in nitrogen stress groups. The obvious correlations supported that gene expressions should be the necessary pathways to regulate the lipid changes in C. pyrenoidosa under nitrogen stress. The changes in ROS and Ca2+ signaling as well as their significant correlations with corresponding genes and lipid parameters were analyzed. The results suggested that ROS and Ca2+ may regulate these gene expressions and lipid changes in C. pyrenoidosa under nitrogen stress conditions. This was verified by the subordinate tests with an ROS inhibitor and calcium reagents. It also uncovered the clues of mutual interference between ROS and Ca2+ signaling. To summarize, this study revealed the signaling pathways of important lipid changes in microalgae under N stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liufu Wang
- China-ASEAN "The Belt and Road" Joint Laboratory of Marine Culture Technology (Shanghai), Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Qiang Shi
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Yingying Pan
- China-ASEAN "The Belt and Road" Joint Laboratory of Marine Culture Technology (Shanghai), Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Liqiu Shi
- China-ASEAN "The Belt and Road" Joint Laboratory of Marine Culture Technology (Shanghai), Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Xuxiong Huang
- China-ASEAN "The Belt and Road" Joint Laboratory of Marine Culture Technology (Shanghai), Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China.
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources (Shanghai Ocean University), Ministry of Education, Nanhui New City, No.999, Huchenghuan Road, Shanghai, 201306, People's Republic of China.
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education (Shanghai Ocean University), Shanghai, 201306, China.
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9
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Guo Z, Zuo Y, Wang S, Zhang X, Wang Z, Liu Y, Shen Y. Early signaling enhance heat tolerance in Arabidopsis through modulating jasmonic acid synthesis mediated by HSFA2. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 267:131256. [PMID: 38556243 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.131256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
Given the detrimental impact of global warming on crop production, it is particularly important to understand how plants respond and adapt to higher temperatures. Using the non-invasive micro-test technique and laser confocal microscopy, we found that the cascade process of early signals (K+, H2O2, H+, and Ca2+) ultimately resulted in an increase in the cytoplasmic Ca2+ concentration when Arabidopsis was exposed to heat stress. Quantitative real-time PCR demonstrated that heat stress significantly up-regulated the expression of CAM1, CAM3 and HSFA2; however, after CAM1 and CAM3 mutation, the upregulation of HSFA2 was reduced. In addition, heat stress affected the expression of LOX3 and OPR3, which was not observed when HSFA2 was mutated. Luciferase reporter gene expression assay and electrophoretic mobility shift assay showed that HSFA2 regulated the expression of both genes. Determination of jasmonic acid (JA) content showed that JA synthesis was promoted by heat stress, but was damaged when HSFA2 and OPR3 were mutated. Finally, physiological experiments showed that JA reduced the relative electrical conductivity of leaves, enhanced chlorophyll content and relative water content, and improved the survival rate of Arabidopsis under heat stress. Together, our results reveal a new pathway for Arabidopsis to sense and transmit heat signals; HSFA2 is involved in the JA synthesis, which can act as a defensive compound improving Arabidopsis heat tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhujuan Guo
- National Engineering Research Center of Tree breeding and Ecological restoration, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, No. 35, Qinghua East Road, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Yixin Zuo
- National Engineering Research Center of Tree breeding and Ecological restoration, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, No. 35, Qinghua East Road, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Shuyao Wang
- National Engineering Research Center of Tree breeding and Ecological restoration, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, No. 35, Qinghua East Road, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Xiao Zhang
- College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Taiyuan Normal University, Jinzhong 030619, PR China
| | - Zhaoyuan Wang
- National Engineering Research Center of Tree breeding and Ecological restoration, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, No. 35, Qinghua East Road, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Yahui Liu
- National Engineering Research Center of Tree breeding and Ecological restoration, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, No. 35, Qinghua East Road, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Yingbai Shen
- National Engineering Research Center of Tree breeding and Ecological restoration, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, No. 35, Qinghua East Road, Beijing 100083, PR China.
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10
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Qu M, Huang X, García-Caparrós P, Shabala L, Fuglsang AT, Yu M, Shabala S. Understanding the role of boron in plant adaptation to soil salinity. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2024; 176:e14358. [PMID: 38783511 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.14358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Soil salinity is a major environmental constraint affecting the sustainability and profitability of agricultural production systems. Salinity stress tolerance has been present in wild crop relatives but then lost, or significantly weakened, during their domestication. Given the genetic and physiological complexity of salinity tolerance traits, agronomical solutions may be a suitable alternative to crop breeding for improved salinity stress tolerance. One of them is optimizing fertilization practices to assist plants in dealing with elevated salt levels in the soil. In this review, we analyse the causal relationship between the availability of boron (an essential metalloid micronutrient) and plant's adaptive responses to salinity stress at the whole-plant, cellular, and molecular levels, and a possibility of using boron for salt stress mitigation. The topics covered include the impact of salinity and the role of boron in cell wall remodelling, plasma membrane integrity, hormonal signalling, and operation of various membrane transporters mediating plant ionic and water homeostasis. Of specific interest is the role of boron in the regulation of H+-ATPase activity whose operation is essential for the control of a broad range of voltage-gated ion channels. The complex relationship between boron availability and expression patterns and the operation of aquaporins is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Qu
- International Research Center for Environmental Membrane Biology, Foshan University, Foshan, China
- Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Xin Huang
- International Research Center for Environmental Membrane Biology, Foshan University, Foshan, China
| | - Pedro García-Caparrós
- Agronomy Department of Superior School Engineering, University of Almería, Almería, Spain
| | - Lana Shabala
- International Research Center for Environmental Membrane Biology, Foshan University, Foshan, China
- Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
| | - Anja Thoe Fuglsang
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Min Yu
- International Research Center for Environmental Membrane Biology, Foshan University, Foshan, China
| | - Sergey Shabala
- International Research Center for Environmental Membrane Biology, Foshan University, Foshan, China
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
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11
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Kuběnová L, Haberland J, Dvořák P, Šamaj J, Ovečka M. Spatiotemporal distribution of reactive oxygen species production, delivery, and use in Arabidopsis root hairs. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 193:2337-2360. [PMID: 37666000 PMCID: PMC10663114 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiad484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
Fluorescent selective probes for reactive oxygen species (ROS) detection in living cells are versatile tools for the documentation of ROS production in plant developmental or stress reactions. We employed high-resolution live-cell imaging and semiquantitative analysis of Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) stained with CM-H2DCFDA, CellROX Deep Red, and Amplex Red for functional characterization of the spatiotemporal mode of ROS production, delivery, and utilization during root hair formation. Cell viability marker fluorescein diacetate served as a positive control for dye loading and undisturbed root hair tip growth after staining. Using a colocalization analysis with subcellular molecular markers and two root hair mutants with similar phenotypes of nonelongating root hairs, but with contrasting reasons for this impairment, we found that: (i) CM-H2DCFDA is a sensitive probe for ROS generation in the cytoplasm, (ii) CellROX Deep Red labels ROS in mitochondria, (iii) Amplex Red labels apoplastic ROS and mitochondria and shows high selectivity to root hairs, (iv) the root hair defective 2-1 (rhd2-1) mutant with nonfunctional NADPH oxidase RESPIRATORY BURST OXIDASE HOMOLOG PROTEIN C/ROOT HAIR-DEFECTIVE 2 (AtRBOHC/RHD2) has a low level of CM-H2DCFDA-reactive ROS in cytoplasm and lacks Amplex Red-reactive ROS in apoplast, and (v) the ACTIN2-deficient deformed root hairs1-3 (der1-3) mutant is not altered in these aspects. The sensitivity of CellROX Deep Red was documented by discrimination between larger ROS-containing mitochondria and small, yet ROS-free premature mitochondria in the growing tip of root hairs. We characterized spatial changes in ROS production and compartmentalization induced by external ROS modulators, ethylene precursor 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid, and ionophore valinomycin. This dynamic and high-resolution study of ROS production and utilization opens opportunities for precise speciation of particular ROS involved in root hair formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lenka Kuběnová
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Palacký University Olomouc, Šlechtitelů 27, 783 71 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Haberland
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Palacký University Olomouc, Šlechtitelů 27, 783 71 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Dvořák
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Palacký University Olomouc, Šlechtitelů 27, 783 71 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Jozef Šamaj
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Palacký University Olomouc, Šlechtitelů 27, 783 71 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Miroslav Ovečka
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Palacký University Olomouc, Šlechtitelů 27, 783 71 Olomouc, Czech Republic
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12
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Wang S, Liu Y, Hao X, Wang Z, Chen Y, Qu Y, Yao H, Shen Y. AnWRKY29 from the desert xerophytic evergreen Ammopiptanthus nanus improves drought tolerance through osmoregulation in transgenic plants. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 336:111851. [PMID: 37648116 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2023.111851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/27/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
As a significant transcription factor family in plants, WRKYs have a crucial role in responding to different adverse environments. They have been repeatedly demonstrated to contribute to drought resistance. However, no systematic exploration of the WRKY family has been reported in the evergreen shrub Ammopiptanthus nanus under drought conditions. Here, we showed that AnWRKY29 expression is strongly induced under drought stress. AnWRKY29 belongs to the group IIe of WRKY gene family. To characterize the function of AnWRKY29, we generated transgenic plants overexpressing this gene in Arabidopsis thaliana. We determined that AnWRKY29 overexpression of mainly improves the drought resistance of transgenic plants to water stress by reducing water loss, preventing electrolyte leakage, and increasing the absorption of inorganic ions. In addition, the AnWRKY29 transgenic plants synthesized more trehalose under water stress. The overexpression of AnWRKY29 also enhanced the antioxidant and osmoregulation capacity of transgenic plants by increasing the activities of catalase, peroxidase and superoxide dismutase, thus increasing the scavenging of reactive oxygen species and propylene glycol synthesis aldehyde oxidase. In summary, our study shows that AnWRKY29 plays an important role in the drought tolerance pathway in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuyao Wang
- National Engineering Research Center of Tree breeding and Ecological restoration, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Yahui Liu
- National Engineering Research Center of Tree breeding and Ecological restoration, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Xin Hao
- National Engineering Research Center of Tree breeding and Ecological restoration, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhaoyuan Wang
- National Engineering Research Center of Tree breeding and Ecological restoration, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Yingying Chen
- National Engineering Research Center of Tree breeding and Ecological restoration, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Yue Qu
- National Engineering Research Center of Tree breeding and Ecological restoration, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Hongjun Yao
- National Engineering Research Center of Tree breeding and Ecological restoration, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China.
| | - Yingbai Shen
- National Engineering Research Center of Tree breeding and Ecological restoration, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China.
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13
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Grinberg M, Nemtsova Y, Ageyeva M, Brilkina A, Vodeneev V. Effect of low-dose ionizing radiation on spatiotemporal parameters of functional responses induced by electrical signals in tobacco plants. PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 2023; 157:119-132. [PMID: 37210467 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-023-01027-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Plants growing under an increased radiation background may be exposed to additional stressors. Plant acclimatization is formed with the participation of stress signals that cause systemic responses-a change in the activity of physiological processes. In this work, we studied the mechanisms of the effect of ionizing radiation (IR) on the systemic functional responses induced by electrical signals. Chronic β-irradiation (31.3 μGy/h) have a positive effect on the morphometric parameters and photosynthetic activity of tobacco plants (Nicotiana tabacum L.) at rest. An additional stressor causes an electrical signal, which, when propagated, causes a temporary change in chlorophyll fluorescence parameters, reflecting a decrease in photosynthesis activity. Irradiation did not significantly affect the electrical signals. At the same time, more pronounced photosynthesis responses are observed in irradiated plants: both the amplitude and the leaf area covered by the reaction increase. The formation of such responses is associated with changes in pH and stomatal conductance, the role of which was analyzed under IR. Using tobacco plants expressing the fluorescent pH-sensitive protein Pt-GFP, it was shown that IR enhances signal-induced cytoplasmic acidification. It was noted that irradiation also disrupts the correlation between the amplitudes of the electrical signal, pH shifts, changes in chlorophyll fluorescence parameters. Also stronger inhibition of stomatal conductance by the signal was shown in irradiated plants. It was concluded that the effect of IR on the systemic response induced by the electrical signal is mainly due to its effect on the stage of signal transformation into the response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Grinberg
- Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, Gagarin St. 23, Nizhny Novgorod, 603950, Russia
| | - Yuliya Nemtsova
- Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, Gagarin St. 23, Nizhny Novgorod, 603950, Russia
| | - Maria Ageyeva
- Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, Gagarin St. 23, Nizhny Novgorod, 603950, Russia
| | - Anna Brilkina
- Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, Gagarin St. 23, Nizhny Novgorod, 603950, Russia
| | - Vladimir Vodeneev
- Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, Gagarin St. 23, Nizhny Novgorod, 603950, Russia.
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14
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Koselski M, Hoernstein SNW, Wasko P, Reski R, Trebacz K. Long-Distance Electrical and Calcium Signals Evoked by Hydrogen Peroxide in Physcomitrella. PLANT & CELL PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 64:880-892. [PMID: 37233615 PMCID: PMC10434737 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcad051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Electrical and calcium signals in plants are some of the basic carriers of information that are transmitted over a long distance. Together with reactive oxygen species (ROS) waves, electrical and calcium signals can participate in cell-to-cell signaling, conveying information about different stimuli, e.g. abiotic stress, pathogen infection or mechanical injury. There is no information on the ability of ROS to evoke systemic electrical or calcium signals in the model moss Physcomitrella nor on the relationships between these responses. Here, we show that the external application of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) evokes electrical signals in the form of long-distance changes in the membrane potential, which transmit through the plant instantly after stimulation. The responses were calcium-dependent since their generation was inhibited by lanthanum, a calcium channel inhibitor (2 mM), and EDTA, a calcium chelator (0.5 mM). The electrical signals were partially dependent on glutamate receptor (GLR) ion channels since knocking-out the GLR genes only slightly reduced the amplitude of the responses. The basal part of the gametophyte, which is rich in protonema cells, was the most sensitive to H2O2. The measurements carried out on the protonema expressing fluorescent calcium biosensor GCaMP3 proved that calcium signals propagated slowly (>5 µm/s) and showed a decrement. We also demonstrate upregulation of a stress-related gene that appears in a distant section of the moss 8 min after the H2O2 treatment. The results help understand the importance of both types of signals in the transmission of information about the appearance of ROS in the plant cell apoplast.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mateusz Koselski
- Department of Plant Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, Akademicka 19, Lublin 20-033, Poland
| | - Sebastian N. W Hoernstein
- Plant Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Schaenzlestrasse 1, Freiburg 79104, Germany
| | - Piotr Wasko
- Department of Plant Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, Akademicka 19, Lublin 20-033, Poland
| | - Ralf Reski
- Plant Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Schaenzlestrasse 1, Freiburg 79104, Germany
- Signalling Research Centres BIOSS and CIBSS, Schaenzlestrasse 18, Freiburg 79104, Germany
| | - Kazimierz Trebacz
- Department of Plant Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, Akademicka 19, Lublin 20-033, Poland
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15
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Che Y, Fan D, Teng Z, Yao T, Wang Z, Zhang H, Sun G, Zhang H, Chow WS. Potassium alleviates over-reduction of the photosynthetic electron transport chain and helps to maintain photosynthetic function under salt-stress. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2023; 175:e13981. [PMID: 37616008 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.13981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Abstract
Potassium ions enhance photosynthetic tolerance to salt stress. We hypothesized that potassium ions, by minimizing the trans-thylakoid proton diffusion potential difference, can alleviate over-reduction of the photosynthetic electron transport chain and maintain the functionality of the photosynthetic apparatus. This study investigated the effects of exogenous potassium on the transcription level and activity of proteins related to the photosynthetic electron-transport chain of tobacco seedlings under salt stress. Salt stress retarded the growth of seedlings and caused an outflow of potassium ions from the chloroplast. It also lowered qP (indicator of the oxidation state of QA , the primary quinone electron acceptor in Photosystem II (PSII) and YPSII (average photochemical yield of PSII in the light-adapted state) while increasing YNO+NF (nonregulatory energy dissipation in functional and nonfunctional PSII), accompanied by decreased expression of most light-harvesting, energy-transduction, and electron-transport genes. However, exogenous potassium prevented these effects due to NaCl. Interestingly, lincomycin (an inhibitor of the synthesis of chloroplast-encoded proteins in PSII) significantly diminished the alleviation effect of exogenous potassium on salt stress. We attribute the comprehensive NaCl-induced downregulation of transcription and photosynthetic activities to retrograde signaling induced by reactive oxygen species. There probably exist at least two types of retrograde signaling induced by reactive oxygen species, distinguished by their sensitivity to lincomycin. Exogenous potassium appears to exert its primary effect by ameliorating the trans-thylakoid proton diffusion potential difference via a potassium channel, thereby accelerating ATP synthesis and carbon assimilation, alleviating over-reduction of the photosynthetic electron transport chain, and maintaining the functionality of photosynthetic proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhui Che
- College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Dayong Fan
- College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhiyuan Teng
- College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Tongtong Yao
- College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Zihan Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Hongbo Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Guangyu Sun
- College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Huihui Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Wah Soon Chow
- Division of Plant Sciences, Research School of Biology, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
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16
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Lee J, Han M, Shin Y, Lee JM, Heo G, Lee Y. How Extracellular Reactive Oxygen Species Reach Their Intracellular Targets in Plants. Mol Cells 2023; 46:329-336. [PMID: 36799103 PMCID: PMC10258463 DOI: 10.14348/molcells.2023.2158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) serve as secondary messengers that regulate various developmental and signal transduction processes, with ROS primarily generated by NADPH OXIDASEs (referred to as RESPIRATORY BURST OXIDASE HOMOLOGs [RBOHs] in plants). However, the types and locations of ROS produced by RBOHs are different from those expected to mediate intracellular signaling. RBOHs produce O2•- rather than H2O2 which is relatively long-lived and able to diffuse through membranes, and this production occurs outside the cell instead of in the cytoplasm, where signaling cascades occur. A widely accepted model explaining this discrepancy proposes that RBOH-produced extracellular O2•- is converted to H2O2 by superoxide dismutase and then imported by aquaporins to reach its cytoplasmic targets. However, this model does not explain how the specificity of ROS targeting is ensured while minimizing unnecessary damage during the bulk translocation of extracellular ROS (eROS). An increasing number of studies have provided clues about eROS action mechanisms, revealing various mechanisms for eROS perception in the apoplast, crosstalk between eROS and reactive nitrogen species, and the contribution of intracellular organelles to cytoplasmic ROS bursts. In this review, we summarize these recent advances, highlight the mechanisms underlying eROS action, and provide an overview of the routes by which eROS-induced changes reach the intracellular space.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinsu Lee
- Research Institute of Basic Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Minsoo Han
- School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Yesol Shin
- School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Jung-Min Lee
- School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Geon Heo
- School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Yuree Lee
- School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
- Plant Genomics and Breeding Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
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17
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Postiglione AE, Muday GK. Abscisic acid increases hydrogen peroxide in mitochondria to facilitate stomatal closure. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 192:469-487. [PMID: 36573336 PMCID: PMC10152677 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiac601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/04/2022] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Abscisic acid (ABA) drives stomatal closure to minimize water loss due to transpiration in response to drought. We examined the subcellular location of ABA-increased accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in guard cells, which drive stomatal closure, in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). ABA-dependent increases in fluorescence of the generic ROS sensor, dichlorofluorescein (DCF), were observed in mitochondria, chloroplasts, cytosol, and nuclei. The ABA response in all these locations was lost in an ABA-insensitive quintuple receptor mutant. The ABA-increased fluorescence in mitochondria of both DCF- and an H2O2-selective probe, Peroxy Orange 1, colocalized with Mitotracker Red. ABA treatment of guard cells transformed with the genetically encoded H2O2 reporter targeted to the cytoplasm (roGFP2-Orp1), or mitochondria (mt-roGFP2-Orp1), revealed H2O2 increases. Consistent with mitochondrial ROS changes functioning in stomatal closure, we found that guard cells of a mutant with mitochondrial defects, ABA overly sensitive 6 (abo6), have elevated ABA-induced ROS in mitochondria and enhanced stomatal closure. These effects were phenocopied with rotenone, which increased mitochondrial ROS. In contrast, the mitochondrially targeted antioxidant, MitoQ, dampened ABA effects on mitochondrial ROS accumulation and stomatal closure in Col-0 and reversed the guard cell closure phenotype of the abo6 mutant. ABA-induced ROS accumulation in guard cell mitochondria was lost in mutants in genes encoding respiratory burst oxidase homolog (RBOH) enzymes and reduced by treatment with the RBOH inhibitor, VAS2870, consistent with RBOH machinery acting in ABA-increased ROS in guard cell mitochondria. These results demonstrate that ABA elevates H2O2 accumulation in guard cell mitochondria to promote stomatal closure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony E Postiglione
- Department of Biology and the Center for Molecular Signaling, Wake Forest University, Winston Salem, North Carolina, USA 27109
| | - Gloria K Muday
- Department of Biology and the Center for Molecular Signaling, Wake Forest University, Winston Salem, North Carolina, USA 27109
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18
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Integration of Electrical Signals and Phytohormones in the Control of Systemic Response. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24010847. [PMID: 36614284 PMCID: PMC9821543 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24010847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Plants are constantly exposed to environmental stresses. Local stimuli sensed by one part of a plant are translated into long-distance signals that can influence the activities in distant tissues. Changes in levels of phytohormones in distant parts of the plant occur in response to various local stimuli. The regulation of hormone levels can be mediated by long-distance electrical signals, which are also induced by local stimulation. We consider the crosstalk between electrical signals and phytohormones and identify interaction points, as well as provide insights into the integration nodes that involve changes in pH, Ca2+ and ROS levels. This review also provides an overview of our current knowledge of how electrical signals and hormones work together to induce a systemic response.
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19
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Liufu W, Di M, Yingying P, Liqiu S, Wenzhi W. Nitrogen limitation and hydrogen peroxide act synergistically to enhance lipids accumulation via ROS/Ca2+ dependent mechanism in Chlorella sorokiniana. ALGAL RES 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2023.102974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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20
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Yin D, Luo W, Yang Z, Qi S, Chen K, Gou A. Morphological and biochemical studies of Salvia guaranitica St. Hil. under simulated deposition with different amounts of dust. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 249:114404. [PMID: 36527850 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.114404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Revised: 12/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The collection of many environmental pollutants from road dust is harmful to living things and their surroundings. Previous studies have confirmed that road dust affects plant pigmentation, pollination, and biochemical properties. However, there are no comprehensive studies on multi-level dust pollution levels and multifaceted physiological properties of plants, and more importantly, there are no studies on atmospheric dust pollution monitors. In this experiment, the effect of road dust on the morphology and biochemistry of Salvia guaranitica St.Hil.was investigated by simulated deposition of different amounts of dust, and the changes of their physiological morphology under different pollution levels were also explored. A control group CK (0.00 g/plant), four experimental groups S1 (0.015 g/plant), S2 (0.030 g/plant), S3 (0.045 g/plant) and S4 (0.060 g/plant) were sprayed with the same dust samples every other day for 30 days. It was found that after 30 days of dust exposure, different degrees of morphological changes and damage occurred in Salvia. The different pollution levels also resulted in different degrees of biochemical characteristics of Salvia. With the increase of pollution, chlorophyll content, photosynthetic and evaporation rates decreased significantly, but the activity of SOD and the content of MDA increased significantly in different experimental groups. Especially, the experiments also revealed that severe road dust pollution caused damage and deformation to stomata, as well as a significant reduction in stomatal and glandular density. In addition, the regression curves of the different physiological responses of Salvia to road dust can be used as a preliminary basis for plant monitoring of dust pollution degrees, thus provided a scientific basis for the use of plant biomonitors in the field of pollution biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongmei Yin
- College of ecological technology and engineering, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai, China; School of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Wei Luo
- College of ecological technology and engineering, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Zaiqiang Yang
- Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, China
| | - Shuai Qi
- College of ecological technology and engineering, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Kelin Chen
- College of ecological technology and engineering, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Aiping Gou
- College of ecological technology and engineering, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai, China; The Research Institution of Beautiful China and Ecological Civilization, Shanghai Institute of Technology.
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21
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Grinberg M, Mudrilov M, Kozlova E, Sukhov V, Sarafanov F, Evtushenko A, Ilin N, Vodeneev V, Price C, Mareev E. Effect of extremely low-frequency magnetic fields on light-induced electric reactions in wheat. PLANT SIGNALING & BEHAVIOR 2022; 17:2021664. [PMID: 34994282 PMCID: PMC9176247 DOI: 10.1080/15592324.2021.2021664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Magnetic field oscillations resulting from atmospheric events could have an effect on growth and development of plants and on the responsive reactions of plants to other environmental factors. In the current work, extremely low-frequency magnetic field (14.3 Hz) was shown to modulate light-induced electric reactions of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Blue light-induced electric reaction in wheat leaf comprises depolarization and two waves of hyperpolarization resulting in an increase of the potential to a higher level compared to the dark one. Fluorescent and inhibitory analysis demonstrate a key role of calcium ions and calcium-dependent H+-ATPase of the plasma membrane in the development of the reaction. Activation of H+-ATPase by the increased calcium influx is suggested as a mechanism of the influence of magnetic field on light-induced electric reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Grinberg
- Department of Biophysics, Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
- Department of Geophysical Electrodynamics, Institute of Applied Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Nizhny Novgorod, RussiaRussia
| | - Maxim Mudrilov
- Department of Biophysics, Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
- Department of Geophysical Electrodynamics, Institute of Applied Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Nizhny Novgorod, RussiaRussia
| | - Elizaveta Kozlova
- Department of Biophysics, Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Vladimir Sukhov
- Department of Biophysics, Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
- Department of Geophysical Electrodynamics, Institute of Applied Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Nizhny Novgorod, RussiaRussia
| | - Fedor Sarafanov
- Department of Biophysics, Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
- Department of Geophysical Electrodynamics, Institute of Applied Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Nizhny Novgorod, RussiaRussia
| | - Andrey Evtushenko
- Department of Geophysical Electrodynamics, Institute of Applied Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Nizhny Novgorod, RussiaRussia
| | - Nikolay Ilin
- Department of Geophysical Electrodynamics, Institute of Applied Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Nizhny Novgorod, RussiaRussia
| | - Vladimir Vodeneev
- Department of Biophysics, Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
- Department of Geophysical Electrodynamics, Institute of Applied Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Nizhny Novgorod, RussiaRussia
- CONTACT Vladimir Vodeneev Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, Nizhny Novgorod603950, Russia; Institute of Applied Physics of Russian Academy of Sciences, Nizhny Novgorod 603600, Russia
| | - Colin Price
- Department of Geophysical Electrodynamics, Institute of Applied Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Nizhny Novgorod, RussiaRussia
- Porter School of the Environment and Earth Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv-Yafo, Israel
| | - Evgeny Mareev
- Department of Geophysical Electrodynamics, Institute of Applied Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Nizhny Novgorod, RussiaRussia
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22
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Lyu D, Smith DL. The root signals in rhizospheric inter-organismal communications. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1064058. [PMID: 36618624 PMCID: PMC9811129 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1064058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Root exudates play a key role in mediating plant-plant and plant-rhizomicrobiome interactions, including regulating biochemical/physiological aspects of plant-associated microorganisms, to enhance host plant growth and resilience. Root exudates can act as signals to reduce the competition from neighboring plants and recruiting/choreographing a wide range of diverse rhizomicrobiome members to make the host plant a good fit with its immediate environment. Root exudate production is a dynamic and key process, but there is a limited understanding of the metabolites or metabolic pathways involved in the inter-organismal communications facilitated by them. Given the well-known symbiotic relationships between plants and associated rhizomicrobiome members, adding root exudates to microbial isolation media may allow some of the large segments of rhizomicrobiome members that are not currently culturable to be grown in vitro. This will provide new insights into how root signals orchestrate associated microbes, will benefit agricultural production in the face of challenges posed by climate change, and will help to sustainably provide food for a growing global human population.
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Li X, Deng D, Cataltepe G, Román Á, Buckley CR, Cassano Monte‐Bello C, Skirycz A, Caldana C, Haydon MJ. A reactive oxygen species Ca 2+ signalling pathway identified from a chemical screen for modifiers of sugar-activated circadian gene expression. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2022; 236:1027-1041. [PMID: 35842791 PMCID: PMC9804775 DOI: 10.1111/nph.18380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Sugars are essential metabolites for energy and anabolism that can also act as signals to regulate plant physiology and development. Experimental tools to disrupt major sugar signalling pathways are limited. We performed a chemical screen for modifiers of activation of circadian gene expression by sugars to discover pharmacological tools to investigate and manipulate plant sugar signalling. Using a library of commercially available bioactive compounds, we identified 75 confident hits that modified the response of a circadian luciferase reporter to sucrose in dark-adapted Arabidopsis thaliana seedlings. We validated the transcriptional effect on a subset of the hits and measured their effects on a range of sugar-dependent phenotypes for 13 of these chemicals. Chemicals were identified that appear to influence known and unknown sugar signalling pathways. Pentamidine isethionate was identified as a modifier of a sugar-activated Ca2+ signal that acts as a calmodulin inhibitor downstream of superoxide in a metabolic signalling pathway affecting circadian rhythms, primary metabolism and plant growth. Our data provide a resource of new experimental tools to manipulate plant sugar signalling and identify novel components of these pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Li
- School of BioSciencesUniversity of MelbourneParkvilleVic.3010Australia
| | - Dongjing Deng
- School of BioSciencesUniversity of MelbourneParkvilleVic.3010Australia
| | - Gizem Cataltepe
- School of BioSciencesUniversity of MelbourneParkvilleVic.3010Australia
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology14476PotsdamGermany
| | - Ángela Román
- School of BioSciencesUniversity of MelbourneParkvilleVic.3010Australia
| | | | | | | | - Camila Caldana
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology14476PotsdamGermany
| | - Michael J. Haydon
- School of BioSciencesUniversity of MelbourneParkvilleVic.3010Australia
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Wu X, Wang Y, Bian Y, Ren Y, Xu X, Zhou F, Ding H. A critical review on plant annexin: Structure, function, and mechanism. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2022; 190:81-89. [PMID: 36108355 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2022.08.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Revised: 08/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Plant annexins are evolutionary conserved protein family widely exist in almost all plant species, characterized by a shorter N-terminal region and four conservative annexin repeats. Plant annexins have Ca2+ channel-regulating activity and peroxidase as well as ATPase/GTPase activities, which give annexins functional specificity. They are widely involved in regulating diverse aspects of biochemical and cellular processes, plant growth and development, and responses to biotic and abiotic environmental stresses. Though many studies have reviewed the function of annexins, great progress have been made in the study of plant annexins recently. In this review, we outline the current understanding of basic properties of plant annexins and summarize the emerging advances in understanding the functional roles of annexins in plants and highlight the regulation mechanisms of annexin protein in response to stress especially to salt and cold stress. The interesting questions related to plant annexin that remain to be further elucidated are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxia Wu
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of Ministry of Education of China/College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of Ministry of Education of China/College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Yuhao Bian
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of Ministry of Education of China/College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Yan Ren
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of Ministry of Education of China/College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Xiaoying Xu
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of Ministry of Education of China/College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Fucai Zhou
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China.
| | - Haidong Ding
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of Ministry of Education of China/College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China.
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25
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Parmagnani AS, Maffei ME. Calcium Signaling in Plant-Insect Interactions. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:2689. [PMID: 36297718 PMCID: PMC9609891 DOI: 10.3390/plants11202689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Revised: 10/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
In plant-insect interactions, calcium (Ca2+) variations are among the earliest events associated with the plant perception of biotic stress. Upon herbivory, Ca2+ waves travel long distances to transmit and convert the local signal to a systemic defense program. Reactive oxygen species (ROS), Ca2+ and electrical signaling are interlinked to form a network supporting rapid signal transmission, whereas the Ca2+ message is decoded and relayed by Ca2+-binding proteins (including calmodulin, Ca2+-dependent protein kinases, annexins and calcineurin B-like proteins). Monitoring the generation of Ca2+ signals at the whole plant or cell level and their long-distance propagation during biotic interactions requires innovative imaging techniques based on sensitive sensors and using genetically encoded indicators. This review summarizes the recent advances in Ca2+ signaling upon herbivory and reviews the most recent Ca2+ imaging techniques and methods.
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Wang D, Yang N, Zhang C, He W, Ye G, Chen J, Wei X. Transcriptome analysis reveals molecular mechanisms underlying salt tolerance in halophyte Sesuvium portulacastrum. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:973419. [PMID: 36212287 PMCID: PMC9537864 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.973419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Soil salinity is an important environmental problem that seriously affects plant growth and crop productivity. Phytoremediation is a cost-effective solution for reducing soil salinity and potentially converting the soils for crop production. Sesuvium portulacastrum is a typical halophyte which can grow at high salt concentrations. In order to explore the salt tolerance mechanism of S. portulacastrum, rooted cuttings were grown in a hydroponic culture containing ½ Hoagland solution with or without addition of 400 mM Na for 21 days. Root and leaf samples were taken 1 h and 21 days after Na treatment, and RNA-Seq was used to analyze transcript differences in roots and leaves of the Na-treated and control plants. A large number of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified in the roots and leaves of plants grown under salt stress. Several key pathways related to salt tolerance were identified through KEGG analysis. Combined with physiological data and expression analysis, it appeared that cyclic nucleotide gated channels (CNGCs) were implicated in Na uptake and Na+/H+ exchangers (NHXs) were responsible for the extrusion and sequestration of Na, which facilitated a balance between Na+ and K+ in S. portulacastrum under salt stress. Soluble sugar and proline were identified as important osmoprotectant in salt-stressed S. portulacastrum plants. Glutathione metabolism played an important role in scavenging reactive oxygen species. Results from this study show that S. portulacastrum as a halophytic species possesses a suite of mechanisms for accumulating and tolerating a high level of Na; thus, it could be a valuable plant species used for phytoremediation of saline soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Wang
- Institute of Oceanography, College of Geography and Oceanography, Minjiang University, Fuzhou, China
- Fuzhou Institute of Oceanography, Fuzhou, China
| | - Nan Yang
- Institute of Oceanography, College of Geography and Oceanography, Minjiang University, Fuzhou, China
- Fuzhou Institute of Oceanography, Fuzhou, China
| | - Chaoyue Zhang
- Institute of Oceanography, College of Geography and Oceanography, Minjiang University, Fuzhou, China
- Fuzhou Institute of Oceanography, Fuzhou, China
| | - Weihong He
- Institute of Oceanography, College of Geography and Oceanography, Minjiang University, Fuzhou, China
- Fuzhou Institute of Oceanography, Fuzhou, China
| | - Guiping Ye
- Institute of Oceanography, College of Geography and Oceanography, Minjiang University, Fuzhou, China
- Fuzhou Institute of Oceanography, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jianjun Chen
- Department of Environmental Horticulture, Mid-Florida Research and Education Center, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, Apopka, FL, United States
| | - Xiangying Wei
- Institute of Oceanography, College of Geography and Oceanography, Minjiang University, Fuzhou, China
- Fuzhou Institute of Oceanography, Fuzhou, China
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Rozentsvet O, Shuyskaya E, Bogdanova E, Nesterov V, Ivanova L. Effect of Salinity on Leaf Functional Traits and Chloroplast Lipids Composition in Two C 3 and C 4 Chenopodiaceae Halophytes. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:2461. [PMID: 36235330 PMCID: PMC9572261 DOI: 10.3390/plants11192461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Salt stress is one of the most common abiotic kinds of stress. Understanding the key mechanisms of salt tolerance in plants involves the study of halophytes. The effect of salinity was studied in two halophytic annuals of Chenopodiaceae Salicornia perennans Willd. and Climacoptera crassa (Bied.) Botsch. These species are plants with C3 and C4-metabolism, respectively. We performed a comprehensive analysis of the photosynthetic apparatus of these halophyte species at different levels of integration. The C3 species S. perennans showed larger variation in leaf functional traits-both at the level of cell morphology and membrane system (chloroplast envelope and thylakoid). S. perennans also had larger photosynthetic cells, by 10-15 times, and more effective mechanisms of osmoregulation and protecting cells against the toxic effect of Na+. Salinity caused changes in photosynthetic tissues of C. crassa such as an increase of the mesophyll cell surface, the expansion of the interface area between mesophyll and bundle sheath cells, and an increase of the volume of the latter. These functional changes compensated for scarce CO2 supply when salinity increased. Overall, we concluded that these C3 and C4 Chenopodiaceae species demonstrated different responses to salinity, both at the cellular and subcellular levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Rozentsvet
- Samara Federal Research Scientific Center Russian Academy of Sciences, Institute of Ecology of Volga River Basin, Russian Academy of Sciences, 445003 Togliatti, Russia
| | - Elena Shuyskaya
- K. A. Timiryazev Institute of Plant Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 127276 Moscow, Russia
| | - Elena Bogdanova
- Samara Federal Research Scientific Center Russian Academy of Sciences, Institute of Ecology of Volga River Basin, Russian Academy of Sciences, 445003 Togliatti, Russia
| | - Viktor Nesterov
- Samara Federal Research Scientific Center Russian Academy of Sciences, Institute of Ecology of Volga River Basin, Russian Academy of Sciences, 445003 Togliatti, Russia
| | - Larisa Ivanova
- The Institute of Environmental and Agricultural Biology (X-BIO), Tyumen State University, 625003 Tyumen, Russia
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Sodium Accumulation in Infected Cells and Ion Transporters Mistargeting in Nodules of Medicago truncatula: Two Ugly Items That Hinder Coping with Salt Stress Effects. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231810618. [PMID: 36142539 PMCID: PMC9505113 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231810618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Revised: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The maintenance of intracellular nitrogen-fixing bacteria causes changes in proteins’ location and in gene expression that may be detrimental to the host cell fitness. We hypothesized that the nodule’s high vulnerability toward salt stress might be due to alterations in mechanisms involved in the exclusion of Na+ from the host cytoplasm. Confocal and electron microscopy immunolocalization analyses of Na+/K+ exchangers in the root nodule showed the plasma membrane (MtNHX7) and endosome/tonoplast (MtNHX6) signal in non-infected cells; however, in mature infected cells the proteins were depleted from their target membranes and expelled to vacuoles. This mistargeting suggests partial loss of the exchanger’s functionality in these cells. In the mature part of the nodule 7 of the 20 genes encoding ion transporters, channels, and Na+/K+ exchangers were either not expressed or substantially downregulated. In nodules from plants subjected to salt treatments, low temperature-scanning electron microscopy and X-ray microanalysis revealed the accumulation of 5–6 times more Na+ per infected cell versus non-infected one. Hence, the infected cells’ inability to withstand the salt may be the integral result of preexisting defects in the localization of proteins involved in Na+ exclusion and the reduced expression of key genes of ion homeostasis, resulting in premature senescence and termination of symbiosis.
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Sathee L, Jagadhesan B, Pandesha PH, Barman D, Adavi B S, Nagar S, Krishna GK, Tripathi S, Jha SK, Chinnusamy V. Genome Editing Targets for Improving Nutrient Use Efficiency and Nutrient Stress Adaptation. Front Genet 2022; 13:900897. [PMID: 35774509 PMCID: PMC9237392 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.900897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, the development of RNA-guided genome editing (CRISPR-Cas9 technology) has revolutionized plant genome editing. Under nutrient deficiency conditions, different transcription factors and regulatory gene networks work together to maintain nutrient homeostasis. Improvement in the use efficiency of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) is essential to ensure sustainable yield with enhanced quality and tolerance to stresses. This review outlines potential targets suitable for genome editing for understanding and improving nutrient use (NtUE) efficiency and nutrient stress tolerance. The different genome editing strategies for employing crucial negative and positive regulators are also described. Negative regulators of nutrient signalling are the potential targets for genome editing, that may improve nutrient uptake and stress signalling under resource-poor conditions. The promoter engineering by CRISPR/dead (d) Cas9 (dCas9) cytosine and adenine base editing and prime editing is a successful strategy to generate precise changes. CRISPR/dCas9 system also offers the added advantage of exploiting transcriptional activators/repressors for overexpression of genes of interest in a targeted manner. CRISPR activation (CRISPRa) and CRISPR interference (CRISPRi) are variants of CRISPR in which a dCas9 dependent transcription activation or interference is achieved. dCas9-SunTag system can be employed to engineer targeted gene activation and DNA methylation in plants. The development of nutrient use efficient plants through CRISPR-Cas technology will enhance the pace of genetic improvement for nutrient stress tolerance of crops and improve the sustainability of agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lekshmy Sathee
- Division of Plant Physiology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - B. Jagadhesan
- Division of Plant Physiology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Pratheek H. Pandesha
- Division of Plant Physiology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
- Roy and Diana Vagelos Division of Biology and Biomedical Sciences, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Dipankar Barman
- Division of Plant Physiology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Sandeep Adavi B
- Division of Plant Physiology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Shivani Nagar
- Division of Plant Physiology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - G. K. Krishna
- Department of Plant Physiology, College of Agriculture, KAU, Thrissur, India
| | - Shailesh Tripathi
- Division of Genetics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Shailendra K. Jha
- Division of Genetics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Viswanathan Chinnusamy
- Division of Plant Physiology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
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Reactive Oxygen Species Distribution Involved in Stipe Gradient Elongation in the Mushroom Flammulina filiformis. Cells 2022; 11:cells11121896. [PMID: 35741023 PMCID: PMC9221348 DOI: 10.3390/cells11121896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Revised: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The mushroom stipe raises the pileus above the substrate into a suitable position for dispersing spores. The stipe elongates at different speeds along its length, with the rate of elongation decreasing in a gradient from the top to the base. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying stipe gradient elongation are largely unknown. Here, we used the model basidiomycete mushroom Flammulina filiformis to investigate the mechanism of mushroom stipe elongation and the role of reactive oxygen species (ROS) signaling in this process. Our results show that O2- and H2O2 exhibit opposite gradient distributions in the stipe, with higher O2- levels in the elongation region (ER), and higher H2O2 levels in the stable region (SR). Moreover, NADPH-oxidase-encoding genes are up-regulated in the ER, have a function in producing O2-, and positively regulate stipe elongation. Genes encoding manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) are up-regulated in the SR, have a function in producing H2O2, and negatively regulate stipe elongation. Altogether, our data demonstrate that ROS (O2-/H2O2) redistribution mediated by NADPH oxidase and MnSODs is linked to the gradient elongation of the F. filiformis stipe.
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Rolón-Cárdenas GA, Martínez-Martínez JG, Arvizu-Gómez JL, Soria-Guerra RE, Alfaro-De la Torre MC, Alatorre-Cobos F, Rubio-Santiago J, González-Balderas RDM, Carranza-Álvarez C, Macías-Pérez JR, Aldaba-Muruato LR, Hernández-Morales A. Enhanced Cd-Accumulation in Typha latifolia by Interaction with Pseudomonas rhodesiae GRC140 under Axenic Hydroponic Conditions. PLANTS 2022; 11:plants11111447. [PMID: 35684220 PMCID: PMC9183143 DOI: 10.3390/plants11111447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2022] [Revised: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The Typha genus comprises plant species extensively studied for phytoremediation processes. Recently, Pseudomonas rhodesiae GRC140, an IAA-producing bacterium, was isolated from Typha latifolia roots. This bacterium stimulates the emergence of lateral roots of Arabidopsis thaliana in the presence and absence of cadmium. However, the bacterial influence on cadmium accumulation by the plant has not been determined. Moreover, the P. rhodesiae GRC140 effect in Cd phytoextraction by T. latifolia remains poorly understood. In this work, an axenic hydroponic culture of T. latifolia was established. The plants were used to evaluate the effects of cadmium stress in axenic plants and determine the effects of P. rhodesiae GRC140 and exogenous indole acetic acid (IAA) on Cd tolerance and Cd uptake by T. latifolia. Biomass production, total chlorophyll content, root electrolyte leakage, catalase activity, total glutathione, and Cd content were determined. The results showed that Cd reduces shoot biomass and increases total glutathione and Cd content in a dose-dependent manner in root tissues. Furthermore, P. rhodesiae GRC140 increased Cd translocation to the shoots, while IAA increased the Cd accumulation in plant roots, indicating that both treatments increase Cd removal by T. latifolia plants. These results indicate that axenic plants in hydroponic systems are adequate to evaluate the Cd effects in plants and suggest that T. latifolia phytoextraction abilities could be improved by P. rhodesiae GRC140 and exogenous IAA application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gisela Adelina Rolón-Cárdenas
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí 78210, Mexico; (G.A.R.-C.); (R.E.S.-G.); (M.C.A.-D.l.T.); (J.R.-S.); (R.d.M.G.-B.); (C.C.-Á.)
- Facultad de Estudios Profesionales Zona Huasteca, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Ciudad Valles, San Luis Potosí 79060, Mexico; (J.G.M.-M.); (J.R.M.-P.); (L.R.A.-M.)
| | - Joana Guadalupe Martínez-Martínez
- Facultad de Estudios Profesionales Zona Huasteca, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Ciudad Valles, San Luis Potosí 79060, Mexico; (J.G.M.-M.); (J.R.M.-P.); (L.R.A.-M.)
| | - Jackeline Lizzeta Arvizu-Gómez
- Secretaría de Investigación y Posgrado, Centro Nayarita de Innovación y Transferencia de Tecnología (CENITT), Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit, Tepic, Nayarit 63173, Mexico
- Correspondence: (J.L.A.-G.); (A.H.-M.); Tel.: +52-4813812348 (A.H.-M.)
| | - Ruth Elena Soria-Guerra
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí 78210, Mexico; (G.A.R.-C.); (R.E.S.-G.); (M.C.A.-D.l.T.); (J.R.-S.); (R.d.M.G.-B.); (C.C.-Á.)
| | - Ma. Catalina Alfaro-De la Torre
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí 78210, Mexico; (G.A.R.-C.); (R.E.S.-G.); (M.C.A.-D.l.T.); (J.R.-S.); (R.d.M.G.-B.); (C.C.-Á.)
| | | | - Jesús Rubio-Santiago
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí 78210, Mexico; (G.A.R.-C.); (R.E.S.-G.); (M.C.A.-D.l.T.); (J.R.-S.); (R.d.M.G.-B.); (C.C.-Á.)
| | - Regina de Montserrat González-Balderas
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí 78210, Mexico; (G.A.R.-C.); (R.E.S.-G.); (M.C.A.-D.l.T.); (J.R.-S.); (R.d.M.G.-B.); (C.C.-Á.)
| | - Candy Carranza-Álvarez
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí 78210, Mexico; (G.A.R.-C.); (R.E.S.-G.); (M.C.A.-D.l.T.); (J.R.-S.); (R.d.M.G.-B.); (C.C.-Á.)
- Facultad de Estudios Profesionales Zona Huasteca, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Ciudad Valles, San Luis Potosí 79060, Mexico; (J.G.M.-M.); (J.R.M.-P.); (L.R.A.-M.)
| | - José Roberto Macías-Pérez
- Facultad de Estudios Profesionales Zona Huasteca, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Ciudad Valles, San Luis Potosí 79060, Mexico; (J.G.M.-M.); (J.R.M.-P.); (L.R.A.-M.)
| | - Liseth Rubí Aldaba-Muruato
- Facultad de Estudios Profesionales Zona Huasteca, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Ciudad Valles, San Luis Potosí 79060, Mexico; (J.G.M.-M.); (J.R.M.-P.); (L.R.A.-M.)
| | - Alejandro Hernández-Morales
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí 78210, Mexico; (G.A.R.-C.); (R.E.S.-G.); (M.C.A.-D.l.T.); (J.R.-S.); (R.d.M.G.-B.); (C.C.-Á.)
- Facultad de Estudios Profesionales Zona Huasteca, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Ciudad Valles, San Luis Potosí 79060, Mexico; (J.G.M.-M.); (J.R.M.-P.); (L.R.A.-M.)
- Correspondence: (J.L.A.-G.); (A.H.-M.); Tel.: +52-4813812348 (A.H.-M.)
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32
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Lešková A, Javot H, Giehl RFH. Metal crossroads in plants: modulation of nutrient acquisition and root development by essential trace metals. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2022; 73:1751-1765. [PMID: 34791130 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erab483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The metals iron, zinc, manganese, copper, molybdenum, and nickel are essential for the growth and development of virtually all plant species. Although these elements are required at relatively low amounts, natural factors and anthropogenic activities can significantly affect their availability in soils, inducing deficiencies or toxicities in plants. Because essential trace metals can shape root systems and interfere with the uptake and signaling mechanisms of other nutrients, the non-optimal availability of any of them can induce multi-element changes in plants. Interference by one essential trace metal with the acquisition of another metal or a non-metal nutrient can occur prior to or during root uptake. Essential trace metals can also indirectly impact the plant's ability to capture soil nutrients by targeting distinct root developmental programs and hormone-related processes, consequently inducing largely metal-specific changes in root systems. The presence of metal binding domains in many regulatory proteins also enables essential trace metals to coordinate nutrient uptake by acting at high levels in hierarchical signaling cascades. Here, we summarize the known molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying trace metal-dependent modulation of nutrient acquisition and root development, and highlight the importance of considering multi-element interactions to breed crops better adapted to non-optimal trace metal availabilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Lešková
- Aix Marseille Univ, CEA, CNRS, Bioscience and Biotechnology Institut of Aix-Marseille (BIAM), SAVE, Saint Paul-Lez-Durance, F-13108, France
| | - Hélène Javot
- Aix Marseille Univ, CEA, CNRS, Bioscience and Biotechnology Institut of Aix-Marseille (BIAM), SAVE, Saint Paul-Lez-Durance, F-13108, France
| | - Ricardo F H Giehl
- Department of Physiology & Cell Biology, Leibniz-Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK) Gatersleben, 06466 Seeland, Germany
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Shahzad B, Rehman A, Tanveer M, Wang L, Park SK, Ali A. Salt Stress in Brassica: Effects, Tolerance Mechanisms, and Management. JOURNAL OF PLANT GROWTH REGULATION 2022. [PMID: 0 DOI: 10.1007/s00344-021-10338-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
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Phase-Selective Synthesis of Anatase and Rutile TiO2 Nanocrystals and Their Impacts on Grapevine Leaves: Accumulation of Mineral Nutrients and Triggering the Plant Defense. NANOMATERIALS 2022; 12:nano12030483. [PMID: 35159827 PMCID: PMC8838626 DOI: 10.3390/nano12030483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Revised: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Titanium dioxide nanocrystals (TiO2 NCs), through their photocatalytic activity, are able to generate charge carriers and induce the formation of various reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the presence of O2 and H2O. This special feature makes TiO2 an important and promising material in several industrial applications. Under appropriate antioxidant balancing, the presence of ROS is crucial in plant growth and development, therefore, the regulated ROS production through the photocatalytic activity of TiO2 NCs may be also exploited in the agricultural sector. However, the effects of TiO2 NCs on plants are not fully understood and/or phase-pure TiO2 NCs are rarely used in plant experiments. In this work, we present a phase-selective synthesis of TiO2 NCs with anatase and rutile crystal phases. The nanomaterials obtained were characterized by means of X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), diffuse reflectance UV-Vis spectroscopy, and electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy (EPR). In field experiments, Vitis vinifera cv. Cabernet Sauvignon leaves developed under natural sunlight were treated with aqueous dispersions of TiO2 NCs at concentrations of 0.001, 0.01, 0.1, and 1 w/v%. The effect of the applied nanocrystals was characterized via leaf photochemistry, mineral nutrient contents, and pyridoxine levels. We found that stress responses of grapevine to anatase and rutile NCs treatments are different, which can be related to the different ROS profiles of the two polymorphs. Our results indicate that TiO2 NCs may be utilized not only for direct pathogen inactivation but also for eliciting plant defense mechanisms.
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Rawat N, Wungrampha S, Singla-Pareek SL, Yu M, Shabala S, Pareek A. Rewilding staple crops for the lost halophytism: Toward sustainability and profitability of agricultural production systems. MOLECULAR PLANT 2022; 15:45-64. [PMID: 34915209 DOI: 10.1016/j.molp.2021.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Abiotic stress tolerance has been weakened during the domestication of all major staple crops. Soil salinity is a major environmental constraint that impacts over half of the world population; however, given the increasing reliance on irrigation and the lack of available freshwater, agriculture in the 21st century will increasingly become saline. Therefore, global food security is critically dependent on the ability of plant breeders to create high-yielding staple crop varieties that will incorporate salinity tolerance traits and account for future climate scenarios. Previously, we have argued that the current agricultural practices and reliance on crops that exclude salt from uptake is counterproductive and environmentally unsustainable, and thus called for a need for a major shift in a breeding paradigm to incorporate some halophytic traits that were present in wild relatives but were lost in modern crops during domestication. In this review, we provide a comprehensive physiological and molecular analysis of the key traits conferring crop halophytism, such as vacuolar Na+ sequestration, ROS desensitization, succulence, metabolic photosynthetic switch, and salt deposition in trichomes, and discuss the strategies for incorporating them into elite germplasm, to address a pressing issue of boosting plant salinity tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nishtha Rawat
- Stress Physiology and Molecular Biology Lab, School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Silas Wungrampha
- Stress Physiology and Molecular Biology Lab, School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Sneh L Singla-Pareek
- Plant Stress Biology, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Min Yu
- International Research Centre for Environmental Membrane Biology, Foshan University, Foshan 528000, China
| | - Sergey Shabala
- International Research Centre for Environmental Membrane Biology, Foshan University, Foshan 528000, China; Tasmanian Institute for Agriculture, University of Tasmania, Hobart Tas 7001, Australia.
| | - Ashwani Pareek
- Stress Physiology and Molecular Biology Lab, School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India; National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute, Mohali 140306, India.
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Marcec MJ, Tanaka K. Crosstalk between Calcium and ROS Signaling during Flg22-Triggered Immune Response in Arabidopsis Leaves. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 11:plants11010014. [PMID: 35009017 PMCID: PMC8747291 DOI: 10.3390/plants11010014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Revised: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Calcium and reactive oxygen species (ROS) are two of the earliest second messengers in response to environmental stresses in plants. The rise and sequestration of these messengers in the cytosol and apoplast are formed by various channels, transporters, and enzymes that are required for proper defense responses. It remains unclear how calcium and ROS signals regulate each other during pattern-triggered immunity (PTI). In the present study, we examined the effects of perturbing one signal on the other in Arabidopsis leaves upon the addition of flg22, a well-studied microbe-associated molecular pattern (MAMP). To this end, a variety of pharmacological agents were used to suppress either calcium or ROS signaling. Our data suggest that cytosolic calcium elevation is required to initiate and regulate apoplastic ROS production generated by respiratory burst oxidase homologs (RBOHs). In contrast, ROS has no effect on the initiation of the calcium signal, but is required for forming a sufficient amplitude of the calcium signal. This finding using pharmacological agents is corroborated by the result of using a genetic double mutant, rbohd rbohf. Our study provides an insight into the mutual interplay of calcium and ROS signals during the MAMP-induced PTI response in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J. Marcec
- Department of Plant Pathology, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA;
- Molecular Plant Sciences Program, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA
| | - Kiwamu Tanaka
- Department of Plant Pathology, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA;
- Molecular Plant Sciences Program, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA
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Kashtoh H, Baek KH. Structural and Functional Insights into the Role of Guard Cell Ion Channels in Abiotic Stress-Induced Stomatal Closure. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 10:plants10122774. [PMID: 34961246 PMCID: PMC8707303 DOI: 10.3390/plants10122774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2021] [Revised: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
A stomatal pore is formed by a pair of specialized guard cells and serves as a major gateway for water transpiration and atmospheric CO2 influx for photosynthesis in plants. These pores must be tightly controlled, as inadequate CO2 intake and excessive water loss are devastating for plants. When the plants are exposed to extreme weather conditions such as high CO2 levels, O3, low air humidity, and drought, the turgor pressure of the guard cells exhibits an appropriate response against these stresses, which leads to stomatal closure. This phenomenon involves a complex network of ion channels and their regulation. It is well-established that the turgor pressure of guard cells is regulated by ions transportation across the membrane, such as anions and potassium ions. In this review, the guard cell ion channels are discussed, highlighting the structure and functions of key ion channels; the SLAC1 anion channel and KAT1 potassium channel, and their regulatory components, emphasizing their significance in guard cell response to various stimuli.
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Soil Salinity, a Serious Environmental Issue and Plant Responses: A Metabolomics Perspective. Metabolites 2021; 11:metabo11110724. [PMID: 34822381 PMCID: PMC8620211 DOI: 10.3390/metabo11110724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 10/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The effects of global warming have increasingly led to devastating environmental stresses, such as heat, salinity, and drought. Soil salinization is a serious environmental issue and results in detrimental abiotic stress, affecting 7% of land area and 33% of irrigated lands worldwide. The proportion of arable land facing salinity is expected to rise due to increasing climate change fuelled by anthropogenic activities, exacerbating the threat to global food security for the exponentially growing populace. As sessile organisms, plants have evolutionarily developed mechanisms that allow ad hoc responses to salinity stress. The orchestrated mechanisms include signalling cascades involving phytohormones, kinases, reactive oxygen species (ROS), and calcium regulatory networks. As a pillar in a systems biology approach, metabolomics allows for comprehensive interrogation of the biochemistry and a deconvolution of molecular mechanisms involved in plant responses to salinity. Thus, this review highlights soil salinization as a serious environmental issue and points to the negative impacts of salinity on plants. Furthermore, the review summarises mechanisms regulating salinity tolerance on molecular, cellular, and biochemical levels with a focus on metabolomics perspectives. This critical synthesis of current literature is an opportunity to revisit the current models regarding plant responses to salinity, with an invitation to further fundamental research for novel and actionable insights.
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Husna, Hussain A, Shah M, Hamayun M, Iqbal A, Murad W, Irshad M, Qadir M, Kim HY. Pseudocitrobacter anthropi reduces heavy metal uptake and improves phytohormones and antioxidant system in Glycine max L. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2021; 37:195. [PMID: 34651251 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-021-03156-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metal contamination due to anthropogenic activities is a great threat to modern humanity. A novel and natural technique of bioremediation using microbes for detoxification of heavy metals while improving plants' growth is the call of the day. In this study, exposing soybean plants to different concentrations (i.e., 10 and 50 ppm) of chromium and arsenic showed a severe reduction in agronomic attributes, higher reactive oxygen species production, and disruption in the antioxidant system. Contrarily, rhizobacterial isolate C18 inoculation not only rescued host growth, but also improved the production of nonenzymatic antioxidants (i.e., flavonoids, phenolic, and proline contents) and enzymatic antioxidants i.e., catalases, ascorbic acid oxidase, peroxidase activity, and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl, lower reactive oxygen species accumulation in leaves. Thereby, lowering secondary oxidative stress and subsequent damage. The strain was identified using 16 S rDNA sequencing and was identified as Pseudocitrobacter anthropi. Additionally, the strain can endure metals up to 1200 ppm and efficient in detoxifying the effect of chromium and arsenic by regulating phytohormones (IAA 59.02 µg/mL and GA 101.88 nM/mL) and solubilizing inorganic phosphates, making them excellent phytostimulant, biofertilizers, and heavy metal bio-remediating agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Husna
- Department of Botany, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Garden Campus, Mardan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Anwar Hussain
- Department of Botany, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Garden Campus, Mardan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.
| | - Mohib Shah
- Department of Botany, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Garden Campus, Mardan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Hamayun
- Department of Botany, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Garden Campus, Mardan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Amjad Iqbal
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Garden Campus, Mardan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Waheed Murad
- Department of Botany, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Garden Campus, Mardan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Irshad
- Department of Botany, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Garden Campus, Mardan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Qadir
- Department of Botany, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Garden Campus, Mardan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Ho-Youn Kim
- Smart Farm Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Gangwon, Korea.
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Gilliard G, Huby E, Cordelier S, Ongena M, Dhondt-Cordelier S, Deleu M. Protoplast: A Valuable Toolbox to Investigate Plant Stress Perception and Response. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:749581. [PMID: 34675954 PMCID: PMC8523952 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.749581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Plants are constantly facing abiotic and biotic stresses. To continue to thrive in their environment, they have developed many sophisticated mechanisms to perceive these stresses and provide an appropriate response. There are many ways to study these stress signals in plant, and among them, protoplasts appear to provide a unique experimental system. As plant cells devoid of cell wall, protoplasts allow observations at the individual cell level. They also offer a prime access to the plasma membrane and an original view on the inside of the cell. In this regard, protoplasts are particularly useful to address essential biological questions regarding stress response, such as protein signaling, ion fluxes, ROS production, and plasma membrane dynamics. Here, the tools associated with protoplasts to comprehend plant stress signaling are overviewed and their potential to decipher plant defense mechanisms is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillaume Gilliard
- Laboratoire de Biophysique Moléculaire aux Interfaces, SFR Condorcet FR CNRS 3417, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, Université de Liège, Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Eloïse Huby
- Laboratoire de Biophysique Moléculaire aux Interfaces, SFR Condorcet FR CNRS 3417, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, Université de Liège, Gembloux, Belgium
- RIBP EA 4707, USC INRAE 1488, SFR Condorcet FR CNRS 3417, Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne, Reims, France
| | - Sylvain Cordelier
- RIBP EA 4707, USC INRAE 1488, SFR Condorcet FR CNRS 3417, Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne, Reims, France
| | - Marc Ongena
- Microbial Processes and Interactions Laboratory, Terra Teaching and Research Center, SFR Condorcet FR CNRS 3417, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, Université de Liège, Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Sandrine Dhondt-Cordelier
- RIBP EA 4707, USC INRAE 1488, SFR Condorcet FR CNRS 3417, Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne, Reims, France
| | - Magali Deleu
- Laboratoire de Biophysique Moléculaire aux Interfaces, SFR Condorcet FR CNRS 3417, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, Université de Liège, Gembloux, Belgium
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Monder H, Maillard M, Chérel I, Zimmermann SD, Paris N, Cuéllar T, Gaillard I. Adjustment of K + Fluxes and Grapevine Defense in the Face of Climate Change. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:10398. [PMID: 34638737 PMCID: PMC8508874 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221910398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 09/18/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Grapevine is one of the most economically important fruit crops due to the high value of its fruit and its importance in winemaking. The current decrease in grape berry quality and production can be seen as the consequence of various abiotic constraints imposed by climate changes. Specifically, produced wines have become too sweet, with a stronger impression of alcohol and fewer aromatic qualities. Potassium is known to play a major role in grapevine growth, as well as grape composition and wine quality. Importantly, potassium ions (K+) are involved in the initiation and maintenance of the berry loading process during ripening. Moreover, K+ has also been implicated in various defense mechanisms against abiotic stress. The first part of this review discusses the main negative consequences of the current climate, how they disturb the quality of grape berries at harvest and thus ultimately compromise the potential to obtain a great wine. In the second part, the essential electrical and osmotic functions of K+, which are intimately dependent on K+ transport systems, membrane energization, and cell K+ homeostasis, are presented. This knowledge will help to select crops that are better adapted to adverse environmental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Houssein Monder
- BPMP, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, INRAE, Institut Agro, F-34060 Montpellier, France; (H.M.); (M.M.); (I.C.); (S.D.Z.); (N.P.)
| | - Morgan Maillard
- BPMP, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, INRAE, Institut Agro, F-34060 Montpellier, France; (H.M.); (M.M.); (I.C.); (S.D.Z.); (N.P.)
| | - Isabelle Chérel
- BPMP, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, INRAE, Institut Agro, F-34060 Montpellier, France; (H.M.); (M.M.); (I.C.); (S.D.Z.); (N.P.)
| | - Sabine Dagmar Zimmermann
- BPMP, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, INRAE, Institut Agro, F-34060 Montpellier, France; (H.M.); (M.M.); (I.C.); (S.D.Z.); (N.P.)
| | - Nadine Paris
- BPMP, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, INRAE, Institut Agro, F-34060 Montpellier, France; (H.M.); (M.M.); (I.C.); (S.D.Z.); (N.P.)
| | - Teresa Cuéllar
- CIRAD, UMR AGAP, Univ Montpellier, INRAE, Institut Agro, F-34398 Montpellier, France;
| | - Isabelle Gaillard
- BPMP, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, INRAE, Institut Agro, F-34060 Montpellier, France; (H.M.); (M.M.); (I.C.); (S.D.Z.); (N.P.)
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Ahmed HAI, Shabala L, Shabala S. Tissue-specificity of ROS-induced K + and Ca 2+ fluxes in succulent stems of the perennial halophyte Sarcocornia quinqueflora in the context of salinity stress tolerance. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2021; 166:1022-1031. [PMID: 34274889 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2021.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Revised: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
The ability of halophytes to thrive under saline conditions implies efficient ROS detoxification and signalling. In this work, the causal relationship between key membrane transport processes involved in maintaining plant ionic homeostasis and oxidative stress tolerance was investigated in a succulent perennial halophyte Sarcocornia quinqueflora. The flux responses to oxidative stresses induced by either hydroxyl radicals (OH•) or hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) were governed largely by (1) the type of ROS applied; (2) the tissue-specific origin and function (parenchymatic or chlorenchymatic); and (3) the tissue location in respect to the suberized endodermal barrier. The latter implied significant differences in responses between outer (water storage-WS; palisade tissue-Pa) and inner (internal photosynthetic layer-IP; stele parenchyma-SP) stem tissues. The ability of the cell to retain K+ under OH• stress varied between different tissues and was ranked in the following descending order: WS>Pa>IP>SP. OH• always led to Ca2+ influx in all stem tissues, while treatment with H2O2 induced tissue-specific Ca2+ "signatures". The inner/outer K+ ratio was the highest (~2.6) under the optimum NaCl dosage (200 mM) in comparison to non-saline (~0.4) and severe (800 mM; ~0.7) conditions, implying that a higher K+ concentration in the inner tissues is important for optimum growth. The overall results demonstrate a clear link between plant anatomical structure and ability of its tissues to maintain ionic homeostasis, via modulating their ROS sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hassan Ahmed Ibraheem Ahmed
- Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, 7005, Australia; Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Port Said University, Port Said, 42526, Egypt.
| | - Lana Shabala
- Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, 7005, Australia
| | - Sergey Shabala
- Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, 7005, Australia; International Research Centre for Environmental Membrane Biology, Foshan University, Foshan, 528000, China.
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Electrical Signals, Plant Tolerance to Actions of Stressors, and Programmed Cell Death: Is Interaction Possible? PLANTS 2021; 10:plants10081704. [PMID: 34451749 PMCID: PMC8401951 DOI: 10.3390/plants10081704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Revised: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
In environmental conditions, plants are affected by abiotic and biotic stressors which can be heterogenous. This means that the systemic plant adaptive responses on their actions require long-distance stress signals including electrical signals (ESs). ESs are based on transient changes in the activities of ion channels and H+-ATP-ase in the plasma membrane. They influence numerous physiological processes, including gene expression, phytohormone synthesis, photosynthesis, respiration, phloem mass flow, ATP content, and many others. It is considered that these changes increase plant tolerance to the action of stressors; the effect can be related to stimulation of damages of specific molecular structures. In this review, we hypothesize that programmed cell death (PCD) in plant cells can be interconnected with ESs. There are the following points supporting this hypothesis. (i) Propagation of ESs can be related to ROS waves; these waves are a probable mechanism of PCD initiation. (ii) ESs induce the inactivation of photosynthetic dark reactions and activation of respiration. Both responses can also produce ROS and, probably, induce PCD. (iii) ESs stimulate the synthesis of stress phytohormones (e.g., jasmonic acid, salicylic acid, and ethylene) which are known to contribute to the induction of PCD. (iv) Generation of ESs accompanies K+ efflux from the cytoplasm that is also a mechanism of induction of PCD. Our review argues for the possibility of PCD induction by electrical signals and shows some directions of future investigations in the field.
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Nefissi Ouertani R, Arasappan D, Abid G, Ben Chikha M, Jardak R, Mahmoudi H, Mejri S, Ghorbel A, Ruhlman TA, Jansen RK. Transcriptomic Analysis of Salt-Stress-Responsive Genes in Barley Roots and Leaves. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:8155. [PMID: 34360920 PMCID: PMC8348758 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22158155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Revised: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Barley is characterized by a rich genetic diversity, making it an important model for studies of salinity response with great potential for crop improvement. Moreover, salt stress severely affects barley growth and development, leading to substantial yield loss. Leaf and root transcriptomes of a salt-tolerant Tunisian landrace (Boulifa) exposed to 2, 8, and 24 h salt stress were compared with pre-exposure plants to identify candidate genes and pathways underlying barley's response. Expression of 3585 genes was upregulated and 5586 downregulated in leaves, while expression of 13,200 genes was upregulated and 10,575 downregulated in roots. Regulation of gene expression was severely impacted in roots, highlighting the complexity of salt stress response mechanisms in this tissue. Functional analyses in both tissues indicated that response to salt stress is mainly achieved through sensing and signaling pathways, strong transcriptional reprograming, hormone osmolyte and ion homeostasis stabilization, increased reactive oxygen scavenging, and activation of transport and photosynthesis systems. A number of candidate genes involved in hormone and kinase signaling pathways, as well as several transcription factor families and transporters, were identified. This study provides valuable information on early salt-stress-responsive genes in roots and leaves of barley and identifies several important players in salt tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rim Nefissi Ouertani
- Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology, Center of Biotechnology of Borj Cedria, B.P. 901, Hammam-Lif 2050, Tunisia; (R.N.O.); (M.B.C.); (R.J.); (S.M.); (A.G.)
| | - Dhivya Arasappan
- Center for Biomedical Research Support, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA;
| | - Ghassen Abid
- Laboratory of Legumes and Sustainable Agrosystems, Center of Biotechnology of Borj Cedria, B.P. 901, Hammam-Lif 2050, Tunisia;
| | - Mariem Ben Chikha
- Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology, Center of Biotechnology of Borj Cedria, B.P. 901, Hammam-Lif 2050, Tunisia; (R.N.O.); (M.B.C.); (R.J.); (S.M.); (A.G.)
| | - Rahma Jardak
- Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology, Center of Biotechnology of Borj Cedria, B.P. 901, Hammam-Lif 2050, Tunisia; (R.N.O.); (M.B.C.); (R.J.); (S.M.); (A.G.)
| | - Henda Mahmoudi
- International Center for Biosaline Agriculture, Dubai 00000, United Arab Emirates;
| | - Samiha Mejri
- Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology, Center of Biotechnology of Borj Cedria, B.P. 901, Hammam-Lif 2050, Tunisia; (R.N.O.); (M.B.C.); (R.J.); (S.M.); (A.G.)
| | - Abdelwahed Ghorbel
- Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology, Center of Biotechnology of Borj Cedria, B.P. 901, Hammam-Lif 2050, Tunisia; (R.N.O.); (M.B.C.); (R.J.); (S.M.); (A.G.)
| | - Tracey A. Ruhlman
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA;
| | - Robert K. Jansen
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA;
- Biotechnology Research Group, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University (KAU), Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
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Britto DT, Coskun D, Kronzucker HJ. Potassium physiology from Archean to Holocene: A higher-plant perspective. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2021; 262:153432. [PMID: 34034042 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2021.153432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2021] [Revised: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, we discuss biological potassium acquisition and utilization processes over an evolutionary timescale, with emphasis on modern vascular plants. The quintessential osmotic and electrical functions of the K+ ion are shown to be intimately tied to K+-transport systems and membrane energization. Several prominent themes in plant K+-transport physiology are explored in greater detail, including: (1) channel mediated K+ acquisition by roots at low external [K+]; (2) K+ loading of root xylem elements by active transport; (3) variations on the theme of K+ efflux from root cells to the extracellular environment; (4) the veracity and utility of the "affinity" concept in relation to transport systems. We close with a discussion of the importance of plant-potassium relations to our human world, and current trends in potassium nutrition from farm to table.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dev T Britto
- Faculty of Land and Food Systems, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada; School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, 3010, Australia
| | - Devrim Coskun
- Département de Phytologie, Faculté des Sciences de l'Agriculture et de l'Alimentation (FSAA), Université Laval, Québec, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Herbert J Kronzucker
- Faculty of Land and Food Systems, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada; School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, 3010, Australia.
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Lewis VR, Farrell AD, Umaharan P, Lennon AM. Genetic variation in high light responses of Theobroma cacao L. accessions. Heliyon 2021; 7:e07404. [PMID: 34307928 PMCID: PMC8258650 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e07404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Revised: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) is a shade-tolerant tree species, but in recent years it has increasingly been cultivated under full sun conditions in an orchard system where photoinhibition is likely. Here we investigate the extent of photoinhibition in 17 cacao accessions from a range of genetic groups, growing under high light conditions. The ability of the photosynthetic systems to respond to high light was assessed using chlorophyll fluorescence parameters (diurnal F v /F m and instantaneous light response curves), and differences in photosynthetic pigment content were compared using biochemical assays. Damage due to photoinhibition was assessed using electrolyte leakage, lipid peroxidation, and reactive oxygen species scavenging systems were compared using biochemical assays (for APX, CAT and SOD). There was significant variation between the 17 accessions for photosynthetic parameters, although in all cases the light saturation points were well below the midday light levels. Light acclimation of photosynthetic pigments was evident and variation in the total chlorophyll to total carotenoid ratio was significantly correlated with electrolyte leakage. Significant genetic variation was observed across the 17 accessions in the activities of CAT, APX and SOD. Across all accessions, photoprotection appeared to be restricted by the ability of leaves to generate SOD. Significant negative correlations were observed between SOD activity and both APX activity and electrolyte leakage, while significant positive correlations were observed between electrolyte leakage and both APX and CAT activity. Accessions with higher light saturation points, as well as high carotenoid and high SOD concentrations were able to tolerate the moderately high light, however, none of the accessions were clearly superior to the commonly grown Amelonado accession. The results imply that screening for SOD activity, total carotenoid content and light saturation point can aid in selection of genotypes with better tolerance to high light.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vernessa R Lewis
- Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, The University of the West Indies, St. Augustine Campus, College Road, Trinidad and Tobago
| | - Aidan D Farrell
- Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, The University of the West Indies, St. Augustine Campus, College Road, Trinidad and Tobago
| | - Pathmanathan Umaharan
- Cocoa Research Centre, The University of the West Indies, St. Augustine Campus, Trinidad and Tobago
| | - Adrian M Lennon
- Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, The University of the West Indies, St. Augustine Campus, College Road, Trinidad and Tobago
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Ponce-Pineda IG, Carmona-Salazar L, Saucedo-García M, Cano-Ramírez D, Morales-Cedillo F, Peña-Moral A, Guevara-García ÁA, Sánchez-Nieto S, Gavilanes-Ruíz M. MPK6 Kinase Regulates Plasma Membrane H +-ATPase Activity in Cold Acclimation. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:6338. [PMID: 34199294 PMCID: PMC8232009 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22126338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2021] [Revised: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cold and freezing stresses severely affect plant growth, development, and survival rate. Some plant species have evolved a process known as cold acclimation, in which plants exposed to temperatures above 0 °C trigger biochemical and physiological changes to survive freezing. During this response, several signaling events are mediated by transducers, such as mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascades. Plasma membrane H+-ATPase is a key enzyme for the plant cell life under regular and stress conditions. Using wild type and mpk3 and mpk6 knock out mutants in Arabidopsis thaliana, we explored the transcriptional, translational, and 14-3-3 protein regulation of the plasma membrane H+-ATPase activity under the acclimation process. The kinetic analysis revealed a differential profiling of the H+-ATPase activity depending on the presence or absence of MPK3 or MPK6 under non-acclimated or acclimated conditions. Negative regulation of the plasma membrane H+-ATPase activity was found to be exerted by MPK3 in non-acclimated conditions and by MPK6 in acclimated conditions, describing a novel form of regulation of this master ATPase. The MPK6 regulation involved changes in plasma membrane fluidity. Moreover, our results indicated that MPK6 is a critical regulator in the process of cold acclimation that leads to freezing tolerance and further survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilian Giordano Ponce-Pineda
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City 04510, Mexico; (I.G.P.-P.); (L.C.-S.); (D.C.-R.); (F.M.-C.); (A.P.-M.); (S.S.-N.)
| | - Laura Carmona-Salazar
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City 04510, Mexico; (I.G.P.-P.); (L.C.-S.); (D.C.-R.); (F.M.-C.); (A.P.-M.); (S.S.-N.)
| | - Mariana Saucedo-García
- Instituto de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Avenida Universidad Km. 1, Rancho Universitario, Tulancingo-Santiago Tulantepec, Tulancingo, Hidalgo 43600, Mexico;
| | - Dora Cano-Ramírez
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City 04510, Mexico; (I.G.P.-P.); (L.C.-S.); (D.C.-R.); (F.M.-C.); (A.P.-M.); (S.S.-N.)
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 3EA, UK
| | - Francisco Morales-Cedillo
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City 04510, Mexico; (I.G.P.-P.); (L.C.-S.); (D.C.-R.); (F.M.-C.); (A.P.-M.); (S.S.-N.)
| | - Araceli Peña-Moral
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City 04510, Mexico; (I.G.P.-P.); (L.C.-S.); (D.C.-R.); (F.M.-C.); (A.P.-M.); (S.S.-N.)
| | - Ángel Arturo Guevara-García
- Departamento de Biología Molecular de Plantas, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuernavaca, Morelos 62210, Mexico;
| | - Sobeida Sánchez-Nieto
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City 04510, Mexico; (I.G.P.-P.); (L.C.-S.); (D.C.-R.); (F.M.-C.); (A.P.-M.); (S.S.-N.)
| | - Marina Gavilanes-Ruíz
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City 04510, Mexico; (I.G.P.-P.); (L.C.-S.); (D.C.-R.); (F.M.-C.); (A.P.-M.); (S.S.-N.)
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Bian L, Wang Y, Bai H, Li H, Zhang C, Chen J, Xu W. Melatonin-ROS signal module regulates plant lateral root development. PLANT SIGNALING & BEHAVIOR 2021; 16:1901447. [PMID: 33734026 PMCID: PMC8078526 DOI: 10.1080/15592324.2021.1901447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Lateral root (LR) branches from primary root. LR is vital for plants acquiring water and nutrients from soil, especially under stress conditions. LR development involves the complicated signaling network, which has not yet been fully understood. Melatonin, a novel endogenous plant regulator, plays a role in the regulation of LR development. However, we still have limited knowledge about melatonin-modulated signaling during LR development. Our recent study identifies that reactive oxygen species (ROS) acts as downstream signaling of melatonin to facilitate LR development. The recently identified receptor of melatonin in plants controls a signaling module involving G protein, ROS, and Ca2+. Based on these findings, we propose a novel signaling network for LR development controlled by melatonin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liping Bian
- Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Yousheng Wang
- China Tobacco Jiangsu Industrial Co. LTD, Nanjing, China
| | - Hongwu Bai
- Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Hui Li
- Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Cunzheng Zhang
- Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Jian Chen
- Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China
- Institute of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
- CONTACT Jian Chen ; Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 50 Zhongling Street, Nanjing210014, China
| | - Weimin Xu
- Central Laboratory, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China
- Weimin Xu Central Laboratory, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 50 Zhongling Street, Nanjing 210014, China
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Johns S, Hagihara T, Toyota M, Gilroy S. The fast and the furious: rapid long-range signaling in plants. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2021; 185:694-706. [PMID: 33793939 PMCID: PMC8133610 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiaa098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Plants possess a systemic signaling system whereby local stimuli can lead to rapid, plant-wide responses. In addition to the redistribution of chemical messengers that range from RNAs and peptides to hormones and metabolites, a communication system acting through the transmission of electrical, Ca2+, reactive oxygen species and potentially even hydraulic signals has also been discovered. This latter system can propagate signals across many cells each second and researchers are now beginning to uncover the molecular machineries behind this rapid communications network. Thus, elements such as the reactive oxygen species producing NAPDH oxidases and ion channels of the two pore channel, glutamate receptor-like and cyclic nucleotide gated families are all required for the rapid propagation of these signals. Upon arrival at their distant targets, these changes trigger responses ranging from the production of hormones, to changes in the levels of primary metabolites and shifts in patterns of gene expression. These systemic responses occur within seconds to minutes of perception of the initial, local signal, allowing for the rapid deployment of plant-wide responses. For example, an insect starting to chew on just a single leaf triggers preemptive antiherbivore defenses throughout the plant well before it has a chance to move on to the next leaf on its menu.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Johns
- Department of Botany, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Birge Hall, 430 Lincoln Drive, Madison, WI 35706, USA
| | - Takuma Hagihara
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Saitama University, 255 Shimo-Okubo, Sakura-ku, Saitama 338-8570, Japan
| | - Masatsugu Toyota
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Saitama University, 255 Shimo-Okubo, Sakura-ku, Saitama 338-8570, Japan
| | - Simon Gilroy
- Department of Botany, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Birge Hall, 430 Lincoln Drive, Madison, WI 35706, USA
- Author for communication:
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Zhang Y, Sa G, Zhang Y, Hou S, Wu X, Zhao N, Zhang Y, Deng S, Deng C, Deng J, Zhang H, Yao J, Zhang Y, Zhao R, Chen S. Populus euphratica annexin1 facilitates cadmium enrichment in transgenic Arabidopsis. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 405:124063. [PMID: 33092878 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.124063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Revised: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 09/19/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Phytoremediation offers a great potential for affordable remediation of heavy metal (HM)-polluted soil and water. Screening and identifying candidate genes related to HM uptake and transport is prerequisite for improvement of phytoremediation by genetic engineering. Using the cadmium (Cd)-hypersensitive Populus euphratica, an annexin encoding gene facilitating Cd enrichment was identified in this study. With a 12 h exposure to CdCl2 (50-100 μM), P. euphratica cells down-regulated transcripts of annexin1 (PeANN1). PeANN1 was homologue to Arabidopsis annexin1 (AtANN1) and localized mainly to the plasma membrane (PM) and cytosol. Compared with wild type and Atann1 mutant, PeANN1 overexpression in Arabidopsis resulted in a more pronounced decline in survival rate and root length after a long-term Cd stress (10 d, 50 μM), due to a higher cadmium accumulation in roots. PeANN1-transgenic roots exhibited enhanced influx conductance of Cd2+ under cadmium shock (30 min, 50 μM) and short-term stress (12 h, 50 μM). Noteworthy, the PeANN1-facilitated Cd2+ influx was significantly inhibited by a calcium-permeable channel (CaPC) inhibitor (GdCl3) but was promoted by 1 mM H2O2, indicating that Cd2+ entered root cells via radical-activated CaPCs in the PM. Therefore, PeANN1 can serve as a candidate gene for improvement of phytoremediation by genetic engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinan Zhang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, College of Biological Sciences and Technology (Box 162), Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; Forestry Institute of New Technology, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China
| | - Gang Sa
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, College of Biological Sciences and Technology (Box 162), Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, College of Biological Sciences and Technology (Box 162), Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Siyuan Hou
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, College of Biological Sciences and Technology (Box 162), Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Xia Wu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, College of Biological Sciences and Technology (Box 162), Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Nan Zhao
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, College of Biological Sciences and Technology (Box 162), Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yuhong Zhang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, College of Biological Sciences and Technology (Box 162), Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Key Laboratory of Silviculture of the State Forestry Administration, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China
| | - Shurong Deng
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, College of Biological Sciences and Technology (Box 162), Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Key Laboratory of Silviculture of the State Forestry Administration, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China
| | - Chen Deng
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, College of Biological Sciences and Technology (Box 162), Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Jiayin Deng
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, College of Biological Sciences and Technology (Box 162), Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Huilong Zhang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, College of Biological Sciences and Technology (Box 162), Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Jun Yao
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, College of Biological Sciences and Technology (Box 162), Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yanli Zhang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, College of Biological Sciences and Technology (Box 162), Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Rui Zhao
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, College of Biological Sciences and Technology (Box 162), Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Shaoliang Chen
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, College of Biological Sciences and Technology (Box 162), Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
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