1
|
Siragusa G, Tomasello L, Giordano C, Pizzolanti G. Survivin (BIRC5): Implications in cancer therapy. Life Sci 2024; 350:122788. [PMID: 38848940 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.122788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Revised: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024]
Abstract
Inhibitors of Apoptosis proteins (IAPs) were discovered through experiments aimed at rescuing apoptosis in insects. Classically associated with the inhibition of apoptosis, the IAP member Survivin also regulates cell cycle progression and is an essential component of the Chromosomal Passenger Complex (CPC), responsible for chromosomal segregation. Although undetectable in most adult tissues, Survivin is expressed in Adult Stem Cells (ASCs) and plays a crucial role in their maintenance. Survivin is overexpressed in most cancers, contributing to their clonal expansion. As a result, it has been proposed as a possible anticancer target for nearly two decades. In this discussion, we will explore the rationale behind Survivin as a therapeutic target, focusing on common cancer types such as carcinomas, sarcomas, and leukemias. We will delve into the modulation of Survivin by cancer pro-survival cell signaling, the association between SNPs and tumorigenesis, and its regulation by miRNAs. Finally, we will compare cell growth, clonogenic capacity, and apoptosis, along with different strategies for Survivin inhibition, including gene expression and protein activity modulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Siragusa
- Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (PROMISE), University of Palermo, Italy
| | - Laura Tomasello
- Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (PROMISE), University of Palermo, Italy
| | - Carla Giordano
- Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (PROMISE), University of Palermo, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Pizzolanti
- Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (PROMISE), University of Palermo, Italy; Advanced Technologies Network Center (ATEN Center), University of Palermo, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Li Z, Fei X, Pan Z, Liang Y, Yang Q, Cheng D. Mometasone furoate inhibits tumor progression and promotes apoptosis through activation of the AMPK/mTOR signaling pathway in osteosarcoma. J Bone Oncol 2024; 47:100618. [PMID: 39050186 PMCID: PMC11267072 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbo.2024.100618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Revised: 06/03/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma is the most common primary malignant bone tumor in adolescents. While treatments for osteosarcoma have improved, the overall survival has not changed for three decades, and thus, new targets for therapeutic development are needed. Recently, glucocorticoids have been reported to have antitumor effects. Mometasone furoate (MF), a synthetic glucocorticoid, is of great value in clinical application, but there are few reports on its antitumor effect. Here, we verified the effect of MF on osteosarcoma in vitro and in vivo. In vitro, cell proliferation, cell cycle progression, apoptosis and cell metastasis were detected using Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8), colony formation, flow cytometry, wound-healing and transwell assays, respectively. In vivo, we generated a xenograft mouse model. To examine the potential role of the AMPK pathway, an AMPK-specific inhibitor (dorsomorphin) was used. The expression levels of factors related to the cell cycle, apoptosis and activation of the AMPK/mTOR pathway were assessed by immunohistochemistry and Western blotting. MF inhibited proliferation and metastasis and induced S phase arrest and apoptosis in osteosarcoma cells in a dose-dependent manner. In vivo, MF effectively inhibited osteosarcoma cell growth and pulmonary metastasis; however, it had no negative effect on the internal organs. Additionally, MF could activate the AMPK/mTOR pathway in osteosarcoma. Dorsomorphin significantly attenuated MF-induced antitumor activities. In summary, MF can inhibit osteosarcoma proliferation and metastasis and promote osteosarcoma cell apoptosis through the AMPK/mTOR signaling pathway in vitro and in vivo, which can provide a new rationale for subsequent academic and clinical research on osteosarcoma treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhaohui Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Sixth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Xiang Fei
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Sixth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Zhen Pan
- Department of Orthopedics, Tong Ren Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Yonghui Liang
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Sixth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Qingcheng Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Sixth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Dongdong Cheng
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Sixth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200233, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Trelford CB, Shepherd TG. LKB1 biology: assessing the therapeutic relevancy of LKB1 inhibitors. Cell Commun Signal 2024; 22:310. [PMID: 38844908 PMCID: PMC11155146 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-024-01689-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Liver Kinase B1 (LKB1), encoded by Serine-Threonine Kinase 11 (STK11), is a master kinase that regulates cell migration, polarity, proliferation, and metabolism through downstream adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and AMPK-related kinase signalling. Since genetic screens identified STK11 mutations in Peutz-Jeghers Syndrome, STK11 mutants have been implicated in tumourigenesis labelling it as a tumour suppressor. In support of this, several compounds reduce tumour burden through upregulating LKB1 signalling, and LKB1-AMPK agonists are cytotoxic to tumour cells. However, in certain contexts, its role in cancer is paradoxical as LKB1 promotes tumour cell survival by mediating resistance against metabolic and oxidative stressors. LKB1 deficiency has also enhanced the selectivity and cytotoxicity of several cancer therapies. Taken together, there is a need to develop LKB1-specific pharmacological compounds, but prior to developing LKB1 inhibitors, further work is needed to understand LKB1 activity and regulation. However, investigating LKB1 activity is strenuous as cell/tissue type, mutations to the LKB1 signalling pathway, STE-20-related kinase adaptor protein (STRAD) binding, Mouse protein 25-STRAD binding, splicing variants, nucleocytoplasmic shuttling, post-translational modifications, and kinase conformation impact the functional status of LKB1. For these reasons, guidelines to standardize experimental strategies to study LKB1 activity, associate proteins, spliced isoforms, post-translational modifications, and regulation are of upmost importance to the development of LKB1-specific therapies. Therefore, to assess the therapeutic relevancy of LKB1 inhibitors, this review summarizes the importance of LKB1 in cell physiology, highlights contributors to LKB1 activation, and outlines the benefits and risks associated with targeting LKB1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Charles B Trelford
- The Mary &, John Knight Translational Ovarian Cancer Research Unit, London Regional Cancer Program, 790 Commissioners Road East, Room A4‑921, London, ON, N6A 4L6, Canada.
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON, Canada.
| | - Trevor G Shepherd
- The Mary &, John Knight Translational Ovarian Cancer Research Unit, London Regional Cancer Program, 790 Commissioners Road East, Room A4‑921, London, ON, N6A 4L6, Canada
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON, Canada
- Department of Oncology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON, Canada
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Choksey A, Carter RD, Thackray BD, Ball V, Kennedy BWC, Ha LHT, Sharma E, Broxholme J, Castro-Guarda M, Murphy MP, Heather LC, Tyler DJ, Timm KN. AICAR confers prophylactic cardioprotection in doxorubicin-induced heart failure in rats. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2024; 191:12-22. [PMID: 38643934 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2024.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
Doxorubicin (DOX) is a widely used chemotherapeutic agent that can cause serious cardiotoxic side effects, leading to heart failure (HF). Impaired mitochondrial function is thought to be key factor driving progression into HF. We have previously shown in a rat model of DOX-HF that heart failure with reduced ejection fraction correlates with mitochondrial loss and dysfunction. Adenosine monophosphate-dependent kinase (AMPK) is a cellular energy sensor, regulating mitochondrial biogenesis and energy metabolism, including fatty acid oxidation. We hypothesised that AMPK activation could restore mitochondrial function and therefore be a novel cardioprotective strategy for the prevention of DOX-HF. Consequently, we set out to assess whether 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide 1-β-D-ribofuranoside (AICAR), an activator of AMPK, could prevent cardiac functional decline in this chronic intravenous rat model of DOX-HF. In line with our hypothesis, AICAR improved cardiac systolic function. AICAR furthermore improved cardiac mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation, independent of mitochondrial number, and in the absence of observable AMPK-activation. In addition, we found that AICAR prevented loss of myocardial mass. RNAseq analysis showed that this may be driven by normalisation of pathways associated with ribosome function and protein synthesis, which are impaired in DOX-treated rat hearts. AICAR furthermore prevented dyslipidemia and excessive body-weight loss in DOX-treated rats, which may contribute to preservation of myocardial mass. Though it is unclear whether AICAR exerted its cardioprotective effect through cardiac or extra-cardiac AMPK-activation or via an AMPK-independent effect, these results show promise for the use of AICAR as a cardioprotective agent in DOX-HF to both preserve cardiac function and mass.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anurag Choksey
- Department of Physiology Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, UK
| | - Ryan D Carter
- Department of Physiology Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, UK; Doctoral Training Centre, University of Oxford, Keble Road, Oxford, OX1 3NP, UK
| | | | - Vicky Ball
- Department of Physiology Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, UK
| | - Brett W C Kennedy
- Department of Physiology Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, UK; Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, UK
| | | | - Eshita Sharma
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Dr, Headington, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK
| | - John Broxholme
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Dr, Headington, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK
| | | | | | - Lisa C Heather
- Department of Physiology Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, UK
| | - Damian J Tyler
- Department of Physiology Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, UK; Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, UK
| | - Kerstin N Timm
- Department of Physiology Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, UK; Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Wang W, Wang Z, Meng Z, Jiang S, Liu Z, Zhu HY, Li XD, Zhang JT, Li W. Platycodin D Ameliorates Type 2 Diabetes-Induced Myocardial Injury by Activating the AMPK Signaling Pathway. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:10339-10354. [PMID: 38682702 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c07311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
The current study aimed to assess the effectiveness of pharmacological intervention with Platycodin D (PD), a critically active compound isolated from the roots of Platycodon grandiflorum, in mitigating cardiotoxicity in a murine model of type 2 diabetes-induced cardiac injury and in H9c2 cells in vitro. Following oral administration for 4 weeks, PD (2.5 mg/kg) significantly suppressed the elevation of fasting blood glucose (FBG) levels, improved dyslipidemia, and effectively inhibited the rise of the cardiac injury markers creatine kinase isoenzyme MB (CK-MB) and cardiac troponin T (cTnT). PD treatment could ameliorate energy metabolism disorders induced by impaired glucose uptake by activating AMPK protein expression in the DCM mouse model, thereby promoting the GLUT4 transporter and further activating autophagy-related proteins. Furthermore, in vitro experiments demonstrated that PD exerted a concentration-dependent increase in cell viability while also inhibiting palmitic acid and glucose (HG-PA)-stimulated H9c2 cytotoxicity and activating AMPK protein expression. Notably, the AMPK activator AICAR (1 mM) was observed to upregulate the expression of AMPK in H9c2 cells after high-glucose and -fat exposure. Meanwhile, we used AMPK inhibitor Compound C (20 μM) to investigate the effect of PD activation of AMPK on cells. In addition, the molecular docking approach was employed to dock PD with AMPK, revealing a binding energy of -8.2 kcal/mol and indicating a tight interaction between the components and the target. PD could reduce the expression of autophagy-related protein p62, reduce the accumulation of autophagy products, promote the flow of autophagy, and improve myocardial cell injury. In conclusion, it has been demonstrated that PD effectively inhibits cardiac injury-induced type 2 diabetes in mice and enhances energy metabolism in HG-PA-stimulated H9c2 cells by activating the AMPK signaling pathway. These findings collectively unveil the potential cardioprotective effects of PD via modulation of the AMPK signaling pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenting Wang
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Provincial International Joint Research Center for the Development and Utilization of Authentic Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
- College of Life Sciences, Engineering Research Center of the Chinese Ministry of Education for Bioreactor and Pharmaceutical Development, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Zi Wang
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Provincial International Joint Research Center for the Development and Utilization of Authentic Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Zhaojie Meng
- Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 130021, China
| | - Shuang Jiang
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Provincial International Joint Research Center for the Development and Utilization of Authentic Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Zhi Liu
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Provincial International Joint Research Center for the Development and Utilization of Authentic Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Hong-Yan Zhu
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Provincial International Joint Research Center for the Development and Utilization of Authentic Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Xin-Dian Li
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Provincial International Joint Research Center for the Development and Utilization of Authentic Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Jing Tian Zhang
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Provincial International Joint Research Center for the Development and Utilization of Authentic Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Wei Li
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Provincial International Joint Research Center for the Development and Utilization of Authentic Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
- College of Life Sciences, Engineering Research Center of the Chinese Ministry of Education for Bioreactor and Pharmaceutical Development, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Nadile M, Sze NSK, Fajardo VA, Tsiani E. Inhibition of Prostate Cancer Cell Survival and Proliferation by Carnosic Acid Is Associated with Inhibition of Akt and Activation of AMPK Signaling. Nutrients 2024; 16:1257. [PMID: 38732504 PMCID: PMC11085396 DOI: 10.3390/nu16091257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Revised: 04/20/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer, accounting for 375,304 deaths in 2020, is the second most prevalent cancer in men worldwide. While many treatments exist for prostate cancer, novel therapeutic agents with higher efficacy are needed to target aggressive and hormone-resistant forms of prostate cancer, while sparing healthy cells. Plant-derived chemotherapy drugs such as docetaxel and paclitaxel have been established to treat cancers including prostate cancer. Carnosic acid (CA), a phenolic diterpene found in the herb rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis) has been shown to have anticancer properties but its effects in prostate cancer and its mechanisms of action have not been examined. CA dose-dependently inhibited PC-3 and LNCaP prostate cancer cell survival and proliferation (IC50: 64, 21 µM, respectively). Furthermore, CA decreased phosphorylation/activation of Akt, mTOR, and p70 S6K. A notable increase in phosphorylation/activation of AMP-activated kinase (AMPK), acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC) and its upstream regulator sestrin-2 was seen with CA treatment. Our data indicate that CA inhibits AKT-mTORC1-p70S6K and activates Sestrin-2-AMPK signaling leading to a decrease in survival and proliferation. The use of inhibitors and small RNA interference (siRNA) approaches should be employed, in future studies, to elucidate the mechanisms involved in carnosic acid's inhibitory effects of prostate cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Nadile
- Department of Health Sciences, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON L2S 3A1, Canada; (M.N.); (N.S.K.S.); (V.A.F.)
| | - Newman Siu Kwan Sze
- Department of Health Sciences, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON L2S 3A1, Canada; (M.N.); (N.S.K.S.); (V.A.F.)
| | - Val A. Fajardo
- Department of Health Sciences, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON L2S 3A1, Canada; (M.N.); (N.S.K.S.); (V.A.F.)
| | - Evangelia Tsiani
- Department of Health Sciences, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON L2S 3A1, Canada; (M.N.); (N.S.K.S.); (V.A.F.)
- Centre for Bone and Muscle Health, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON L2S 3A1, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Wei-Ye L, Hong-Bo G, Rui-Heng Y, Ai-Guo X, Jia-Chen Z, Zhao-Qian Y, Wen-Jun H, Xiao-Dan Y. UPLC-ESI-MS/MS-based widely targeted metabolomics reveals differences in metabolite composition among four Ganoderma species. Front Nutr 2024; 11:1335538. [PMID: 38562486 PMCID: PMC10982346 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1335538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
The Chinese name "Lingzhi" refers to Ganoderma genus, which are increasingly used in the food and medical industries. Ganoderma species are often used interchangeably since the differences in their composition are not known. To find compositional metabolite differences among Ganoderma species, we conducted a widely targeted metabolomics analysis of four commonly used edible and medicinal Ganoderma species based on ultra performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry. Through pairwise comparisons, we identified 575-764 significant differential metabolites among the species, most of which exhibited large fold differences. We screened and analyzed the composition and functionality of the advantageous metabolites in each species. Ganoderma lingzhi advantageous metabolites were mostly related to amino acids and derivatives, as well as terpenes, G. sinense to terpenes, and G. leucocontextum and G. tsugae to nucleotides and derivatives, alkaloids, and lipids. Network pharmacological analysis showed that SRC, GAPDH, TNF, and AKT1 were the key targets of high-degree advantage metabolites among the four Ganoderma species. Analysis of Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes demonstrated that the advantage metabolites in the four Ganoderma species may regulate and participate in signaling pathways associated with diverse cancers, Alzheimer's disease, and diabetes. Our findings contribute to more targeted development of Ganoderma products in the food and medical industries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liu Wei-Ye
- College of Biological Science and Technology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Guo Hong-Bo
- College of Life Engineering, Shenyang Institute of Technology, Fushun, China
| | - Yang Rui-Heng
- Institute of Edible Fungi, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Xu Ai-Guo
- Alpine Fungarium, Tibet Plateau Institute of Biology, Lasa, China
| | - Zhao Jia-Chen
- College of Biological Science and Technology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yang Zhao-Qian
- College of Biological Science and Technology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Han Wen-Jun
- College of Biological Science and Technology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yu Xiao-Dan
- College of Biological Science and Technology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Lao C, Zheng P, Chen H, Liu Q, An F, Li Z. DeepAEG: a model for predicting cancer drug response based on data enhancement and edge-collaborative update strategies. BMC Bioinformatics 2024; 25:105. [PMID: 38461284 PMCID: PMC10925015 DOI: 10.1186/s12859-024-05723-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/11/2024] Open
Abstract
MOTIVATION The prediction of cancer drug response is a challenging subject in modern personalized cancer therapy due to the uncertainty of drug efficacy and the heterogeneity of patients. It has been shown that the characteristics of the drug itself and the genomic characteristics of the patient can greatly influence the results of cancer drug response. Therefore, accurate, efficient, and comprehensive methods for drug feature extraction and genomics integration are crucial to improve the prediction accuracy. RESULTS Accurate prediction of cancer drug response is vital for guiding the design of anticancer drugs. In this study, we propose an end-to-end deep learning model named DeepAEG which is based on a complete-graph update mode to predict IC50. Specifically, we integrate an edge update mechanism on the basis of a hybrid graph convolutional network to comprehensively learn the potential high-dimensional representation of topological structures in drugs, including atomic characteristics and chemical bond information. Additionally, we present a novel approach for enhancing simplified molecular input line entry specification data by employing sequence recombination to eliminate the defect of single sequence representation of drug molecules. Our extensive experiments show that DeepAEG outperforms other existing methods across multiple evaluation parameters in multiple test sets. Furthermore, we identify several potential anticancer agents, including bortezomib, which has proven to be an effective clinical treatment option. Our results highlight the potential value of DeepAEG in guiding the design of specific cancer treatment regimens.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chuanqi Lao
- Research Center for Graph Computing, Zhejiang Lab, Yuhang, Hangzhou, 311121, Zhejiang, China
| | - Pengfei Zheng
- Research Center for Graph Computing, Zhejiang Lab, Yuhang, Hangzhou, 311121, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hongyang Chen
- Research Center for Graph Computing, Zhejiang Lab, Yuhang, Hangzhou, 311121, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Qiao Liu
- Department of Statistics, Stanford University, Stanford, Palo Alto, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Feng An
- Research Center for Graph Computing, Zhejiang Lab, Yuhang, Hangzhou, 311121, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhao Li
- Research Center for Graph Computing, Zhejiang Lab, Yuhang, Hangzhou, 311121, Zhejiang, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Pokhrel RH, Acharya S, Mishra S, Gu Y, Manzoor U, Kim JK, Park Y, Chang JH. AMPK Alchemy: Therapeutic Potentials in Allergy, Aging, and Cancer. Biomol Ther (Seoul) 2024; 32:171-182. [PMID: 38346909 PMCID: PMC10902700 DOI: 10.4062/biomolther.2023.222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024] Open
Abstract
All cells are equipped with intricate signaling networks to meet the energy demands and respond to the nutrient availability in the body. AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is among the most potent regulators of cellular energy balance. Under ATP -deprived conditions, AMPK phosphorylates substrates and affects various biological processes, such as lipid/glucose metabolism and protein synthesis. These actions further affect the cell growth, death, and functions, altering the cellular outcomes in energy-restricted environments. AMPK plays vital roles in maintaining good health. AMPK dysfunction is observed in various chronic diseases, making it a promising target for preventing and alleviating such diseases. Herein, we highlight the different AMPK functions, especially in allergy, aging, and cancer, to facilitate the development of new therapeutic approaches in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ram Hari Pokhrel
- College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Suman Acharya
- College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Sunil Mishra
- College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Ye Gu
- College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Umar Manzoor
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Advanced Convergence Technology and Science, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeon-Kyung Kim
- School of Pharmacy and Institute of New Drug Development, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngjun Park
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Advanced Convergence Technology and Science, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Republic of Korea
- Jeju Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Hoon Chang
- College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Aikawa A, Kozako T, Kato N, Ohsugi T, Honda SI. Anti-tumor activity of 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide riboside with AMPK-independent cell death in human adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma. Eur J Pharmacol 2023; 961:176180. [PMID: 37956732 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.176180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATL) is an aggressive T cell leukemia/lymphoma caused by human T-cell lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-1). Acadesine or 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide riboside (AICAR) is an AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activator that was recently shown to have tumor suppressive effects on B cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia, but not ATL. This study evaluated the cytotoxic effects of AICAR on ATL-related cell lines and its anti-tumor activity. Here, we demonstrated that AICAR induced cell death via apoptosis and the mitochondrial membrane depolarization of ATL-related cell lines (S1T, MT-1, and MT-2) but not non-HTLV-1-infected Jurkat cells. However, AICAR did not increase the phosphorylation levels of AMPKα. In addition, AICAR increased the expression of the death receptors (DR) DR4 and DR5, and necroptosis-related proteins including phosphorylated receptor-interacting protein family members and the mixed lineage kinase domain-like protein. Interestingly, HTLV-1 Tax, an HTLV-1-encoded oncogenic factor, did not affect AICAR-induced apoptosis. Furthermore, AICAR inhibited the growth of human ATL tumor xenografts in NOD/SCID/gamma mice in vivo. Together, these results suggest that AICAR induces AMPK-independent cell death in ATL-related cell lines and has anti-tumor activity, indicating that it might be a therapeutic agent for ATL.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Akiyoshi Aikawa
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan.
| | - Tomohiro Kozako
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan.
| | - Naho Kato
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan.
| | - Takeo Ohsugi
- Department of Hematology and Immunology, Rakuno Gakuen University, Hokkaido, Japan.
| | - Shin-Ichiro Honda
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Kondapuram SK, Ramachandran HK, Arya H, Coumar MS. Targeting survivin for cancer therapy: Strategies, small molecule inhibitors and vaccine based therapeutics in development. Life Sci 2023; 335:122260. [PMID: 37963509 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.122260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023]
Abstract
Survivin is a member of the family of inhibitors of apoptosis proteins (IAPs). It is involved in the normal mitotic process and acts as an anti-apoptotic molecule. While terminally differentiated normal tissues lack survivin, several human malignancies have significant protein levels. Resistance to chemotherapy and radiation in tumor cells is associated with survivin expression. Decreased tumor development, apoptosis, and increased sensitivity to chemotherapy and radiation are all effects of downregulating survivin expression or activity. As a prospective cancer treatment, small molecules targeting the transcription and translation of survivin and molecules that can directly bind with the survivin are being explored both in pre-clinical and clinics. Pre-clinical investigations have found and demonstrated the effectiveness of several small-molecule survivin inhibitors. Unfortunately, these inhibitors have also been shown to have off-target effects, which could limit their clinical utility. In addition to small molecules, several survivin peptide vaccines are currently under development. These vaccines are designed to elicit a cytotoxic T-cell response against survivin, which could lead to the destruction of tumor cells expressing survivin. Some survivin-based vaccines are advancing through Phase II clinical studies. Overall, survivin is a promising cancer drug target. However, challenges still need to be addressed before the survivin targeted therapies can be widely used in the clinics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sree Karani Kondapuram
- Department of Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, Pondicherry University, Kalapet, Puducherry 605014, India
| | - Hema Kasthuri Ramachandran
- Department of Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, Pondicherry University, Kalapet, Puducherry 605014, India
| | - Hemant Arya
- Institute for Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, Department of Systems Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Ruhr University Bochum, 44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - Mohane Selvaraj Coumar
- Department of Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, Pondicherry University, Kalapet, Puducherry 605014, India.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Tang H, Hou N. Whether MTHFD2 plays a new role: from anticancer targets to anti-inflammatory disease. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1257107. [PMID: 37936908 PMCID: PMC10625907 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1257107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Hui Tang
- Department of Pharmacy, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
- Stem Cell Clinical Institute, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Ning Hou
- Department of Pharmacy, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Zhan H, Zhang Q, Zhang C, Cheng J, Yang Y, Liu C, Li S, Wang C, Yang J, Ge H, Zhou D, Li B, Wei H, Hu C. Targeted Activation of HNF4α by AMPK Inhibits Apoptosis and Ameliorates Neurological Injury Caused by Cardiac Arrest in Rats. Neurochem Res 2023; 48:3129-3145. [PMID: 37338793 PMCID: PMC10471732 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-023-03957-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies have shown that AMPK plays an important role in cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury by participating in apoptosis, but the exact mechanism and target of action remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the protective mechanism of AMPK activation on brain injury secondary to cardiac arrest. HE, Nills and TUNEL assays were used to evaluate neuronal damage and apoptosis. The relationships between AMPK, HNF4α and apoptotic genes were verified by ChIP-seq, dual-luciferase and WB assays. The results showed that AMPK improved the 7-day memory function of rats, and reduced neuronal cell injury and apoptosis in the hippocampal CA1 region after ROSC, while the use of HNF4α inhibitor weakened the protective effect of AMPK. Further research found that AMPK positively regulated the expression of HNF4α, and AMPK could promote the expression of Bcl-2 and inhibit the expression of Bax and Cleaved-Caspase 3. In vitro experiments showed that AMPK ameliorated neuronal injury by inhibiting apoptosis through the activation of HNF4α. Combined with ChIP-seq, JASPAR analysis and Dual-luciferase assay, the binding site of HNF4α to the upstream promoter of Bcl-2 was found. Taken together, AMPK attenuates brain injury after CA by activating HNF4α to target Bcl-2 to inhibit apoptosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haohong Zhan
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
- National Health Council (NHC) Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China
- National Health Council (NHC) Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Chenyu Zhang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
- National Health Council (NHC) Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Jingge Cheng
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China
| | - Yilin Yang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Cong Liu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Shuhao Li
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Chuyue Wang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China
| | - Junqin Yang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Hanmei Ge
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Dawang Zhou
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China
| | - Bo Li
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China
| | - Hongyan Wei
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
| | - Chunlin Hu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Shang M, Ni L, Shan X, Cui Y, Hu P, Ji Z, Shen L, Zhang Y, Zhou J, Wang T, Yu Q. MTHFD2 reprograms macrophage polarization by inhibiting PTEN. Cell Rep 2023; 42:112481. [PMID: 37149861 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The one-carbon metabolism enzyme methylenetetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase 2 (MTHFD2) is involved in the regulation of tumor oncogenesis and immune cell functions, but whether it can contribute to macrophage polarization remains elusive. Here, we show that MTHFD2 suppresses polarization of interferon-γ-activated macrophages (M(IFN-γ)) but enhances that of interleukin-4-activated macrophages (M(IL-4)) both in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, MTHFD2 interacts with phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) to suppress PTEN's phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate (PIP3) phosphatase activity and enhance downstream Akt activation, independent of the N-terminal mitochondria-targeting signal of MTHFD2. MTHFD2-PTEN interaction is promoted by IL-4 but not IFN-γ. Furthermore, amino acid residues (aa 215-225) of MTHFD2 directly target PTEN catalytic center (aa 118-141). Residue D168 of MTHFD2 is also critical for regulating PTEN's PIP3 phosphatase activity by affecting MTHFD2-PTEN interaction. Our study suggests a non-metabolic function of MTHFD2 by which MTHFD2 inhibits PTEN activity, orchestrates macrophage polarization, and alters macrophage-mediated immune responses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Man Shang
- Tianjin Institute of Immunology, Division of Infectious Disease, Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), The Province and Ministry Co-sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical Epigenetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Department of Pharmacology and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Inflammation Biology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Lina Ni
- Tianjin Institute of Immunology, Division of Infectious Disease, Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), The Province and Ministry Co-sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical Epigenetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Department of Pharmacology and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Inflammation Biology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Xiao Shan
- Tianjin Institute of Immunology, Division of Infectious Disease, Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), The Province and Ministry Co-sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical Epigenetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Department of Pharmacology and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Inflammation Biology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Yan Cui
- Tianjin Institute of Immunology, Division of Infectious Disease, Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), The Province and Ministry Co-sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical Epigenetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Department of Pharmacology and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Inflammation Biology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Penghui Hu
- Tianjin Institute of Immunology, Division of Infectious Disease, Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), The Province and Ministry Co-sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical Epigenetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Department of Pharmacology and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Inflammation Biology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Zemin Ji
- Tianjin Institute of Immunology, Division of Infectious Disease, Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), The Province and Ministry Co-sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical Epigenetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Department of Pharmacology and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Inflammation Biology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Long Shen
- Tianjin Institute of Immunology, Division of Infectious Disease, Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), The Province and Ministry Co-sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical Epigenetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Department of Pharmacology and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Inflammation Biology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Yanan Zhang
- Tianjin Institute of Immunology, Division of Infectious Disease, Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), The Province and Ministry Co-sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical Epigenetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Department of Pharmacology and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Inflammation Biology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Jinxue Zhou
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou 450008, China
| | - Ting Wang
- The Province and Ministry Co-sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical Epigenetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Department of Pharmacology and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Inflammation Biology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China.
| | - Qiujing Yu
- Tianjin Institute of Immunology, Division of Infectious Disease, Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), The Province and Ministry Co-sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical Epigenetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Department of Pharmacology and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Inflammation Biology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Keerthana CK, Rayginia TP, Shifana SC, Anto NP, Kalimuthu K, Isakov N, Anto RJ. The role of AMPK in cancer metabolism and its impact on the immunomodulation of the tumor microenvironment. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1114582. [PMID: 36875093 PMCID: PMC9975160 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1114582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is a key metabolic sensor that is pivotal for the maintenance of cellular energy homeostasis. AMPK contributes to diverse metabolic and physiological effects besides its fundamental role in glucose and lipid metabolism. Aberrancy in AMPK signaling is one of the determining factors which lead to the development of chronic diseases such as obesity, inflammation, diabetes, and cancer. The activation of AMPK and its downstream signaling cascades orchestrate dynamic changes in the tumor cellular bioenergetics. It is well documented that AMPK possesses a suppressor role in the context of tumor development and progression by modulating the inflammatory and metabolic pathways. In addition, AMPK plays a central role in potentiating the phenotypic and functional reprogramming of various classes of immune cells which reside in the tumor microenvironment (TME). Furthermore, AMPK-mediated inflammatory responses facilitate the recruitment of certain types of immune cells to the TME, which impedes the development, progression, and metastasis of cancer. Thus, AMPK appears to play an important role in the regulation of anti-tumor immune response by regulating the metabolic plasticity of various immune cells. AMPK effectuates the metabolic modulation of anti-tumor immunity via nutrient regulation in the TME and by virtue of its molecular crosstalk with major immune checkpoints. Several studies including that from our lab emphasize on the role of AMPK in regulating the anticancer effects of several phytochemicals, which are potential anticancer drug candidates. The scope of this review encompasses the significance of the AMPK signaling in cancer metabolism and its influence on the key drivers of immune responses within the TME, with a special emphasis on the potential use of phytochemicals to target AMPK and combat cancer by modulating the tumor metabolism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chenicheri Kizhakkeveettil Keerthana
- Division of Cancer Research, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India.,Department of Biotechnology, University of Kerala, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
| | - Tennyson Prakash Rayginia
- Division of Cancer Research, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India.,Department of Biotechnology, University of Kerala, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
| | | | - Nikhil Ponnoor Anto
- The Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - Kalishwaralal Kalimuthu
- Division of Cancer Research, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
| | - Noah Isakov
- The Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - Ruby John Anto
- Division of Cancer Research, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Tucker JD, Doddapaneni R, Lu PJ, Lu QL. Ribitol alters multiple metabolic pathways of central carbon metabolism with enhanced glycolysis: A metabolomics and transcriptomics profiling of breast cancer. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0278711. [PMID: 36477459 PMCID: PMC9728907 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0278711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is heterogenous in development and cell population with prognoses being highly dependent on numerous factors from driving mutations, biomarker expression and variation in extracellular environment, all affecting response to therapies. Recently, much attention has been given to the role of metabolic alteration in cancers, expanding from the Warburg effect to highlight unique patterns in different cancer cell populations for improving diagnostic and therapeutic approaches. We recently reported on modulation of mannosylation of α-dystroglycan with the metabolite ribitol in breast cancer lines. Here we investigate the effects of pentose sugars ribitol, ribose, and xylitol media supplementation in breast cancer cells by metabolomics and differential gene expression profiling. This combined approach revealed distinctive patterns of alterations in metabolic pathways by ribitol, contrasted with the closely related pentose ribose and pentitol xylitol. Significantly, ribitol supplementation enhances utilization of glucose by glycolysis, whereas ribose improves oxidative phosphorylation and fatty acid synthesis. Ribitol supplementation also increased levels of reduced glutathione (associated with a decrease in oxidative phosphorylation, gluconeogenesis), where ribose supplementation elevated levels of oxidized glutathione (GSSG) indicating an increase in oxidative stress. Treatment with ribitol also enhanced nucleotide biosynthesis. The apparent TCA cycle dysregulation, with distinctive pattern in response to the individual pentitol and pentose, such as ribitol increasing succinate and fumarate while decreasing citrate, demonstrate the adaptive capability of cancer cells to nutritional environment. This metabolic reprogramming presents new avenues for developing targeted therapies to cancers with metabolites, especially in combination with other drug treatments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jason Driver Tucker
- McColl-Lockwood Laboratory for Muscular Dystrophy Research, Atrium Health Musculoskeletal Institute, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Carolinas Medical Center, Charlotte, North Carolina, United States of America
- * E-mail: (JDT); (QLL)
| | - Ravi Doddapaneni
- McColl-Lockwood Laboratory for Muscular Dystrophy Research, Atrium Health Musculoskeletal Institute, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Carolinas Medical Center, Charlotte, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Pei Juan Lu
- McColl-Lockwood Laboratory for Muscular Dystrophy Research, Atrium Health Musculoskeletal Institute, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Carolinas Medical Center, Charlotte, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Qi Long Lu
- McColl-Lockwood Laboratory for Muscular Dystrophy Research, Atrium Health Musculoskeletal Institute, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Carolinas Medical Center, Charlotte, North Carolina, United States of America
- * E-mail: (JDT); (QLL)
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Metabolites of De Novo Purine Synthesis: Metabolic Regulators and Cytotoxic Compounds. Metabolites 2022; 12:metabo12121210. [PMID: 36557247 PMCID: PMC9788633 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12121210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Revised: 11/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Cytotoxicity of de novo purine synthesis (DNPS) metabolites is critical to the pathogenesis of three known and one putative autosomal recessive disorder affecting DNPS. These rare disorders are caused by biallelic mutations in the DNPS genes phosphoribosylformylglycineamidine synthase (PFAS), phosphoribosylaminoimidazolecarboxylase/phosphoribosylaminoimidazolesuccinocarboxamide synthase (PAICS), adenylosuccinate lyase (ADSL), and aminoimidazole carboxamide ribonucleotide transformylase/inosine monophosphate cyclohydrolase (ATIC) and are clinically characterized by developmental abnormalities, psychomotor retardation, and nonspecific neurological impairment. At a biochemical level, loss of function of specific mutated enzymes results in elevated levels of DNPS ribosides in body fluids. The main pathogenic effect is attributed to the accumulation of DNPS ribosides, which are postulated to be toxic to the organism. Therefore, we decided to characterize the uptake and flux of several DNPS metabolites in HeLa cells and the impact of DNPS metabolites to viability of cancer cell lines and primary skin fibroblasts. We treated cells with DNPS metabolites and followed their flux in purine synthesis and degradation. In this study, we show for the first time the transport of formylglycinamide ribotide (FGAR), aminoimidazole ribotide (AIR), succinylaminoimidazolecarboxamide ribotide (SAICAR), and aminoimidazolecarboxamide ribotide (AICAR) into cells and their flux in DNPS and the degradation pathway. We found diminished cell viability mostly in the presence of FGAR and AIR. Our results suggest that direct cellular toxicity of DNPS metabolites may not be the primary pathogenetic mechanism in these disorders.
Collapse
|
18
|
Zhang Y, Liu Z, Wang X, Jian H, Xiao H, Wen T. SHMT2 promotes cell viability and inhibits ROS-dependent, mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis via the intrinsic signaling pathway in bladder cancer cells. Cancer Gene Ther 2022; 29:1514-1527. [PMID: 35422087 DOI: 10.1038/s41417-022-00470-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Revised: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial serine hydroxymethyltransferase (SHMT2) catalyzes the conversion of serine to glycine and concomitantly produces one-carbon units to support cell growth and is upregulated in various cancer cells. SHMT2 knockdown triggers cell apoptosis; however, the detailed mechanism of apoptosis induced by SHMT2 inactivation remains unknown. Here, we demonstrate that SHMT2 supports the proliferation of bladder cancer (BC) cells by maintaining redox homeostasis. SHMT2 knockout decreased the pools of purine and one-carbon units and delayed cell cycle progression in a manner that was rescued by formate, demonstrating that SHMT2-mediated one-carbon units are essential for BC cell proliferation. SHMT2 deficiency promoted the accumulation of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) by decreasing the NADH/NAD+, NADPH/NADP+, and GSH/GSSG ratios, leading to a loss in mitochondrial membrane potential, release of cytochrome c, translocation of Bcl-2 family protein and activation of caspase-3. Notably, blocking ROS production with the one-carbon donor formate and the ROS scavenger N-acetyl-cysteine (NAC) effectively rescued SHMT2 deficiency-induced cell apoptosis via the intrinsic signaling pathway. Treatment with the SHMT inhibitor SHIN1 resulted in a significant inhibitory effect on cell proliferation and induced cell apoptosis. Formate and NAC rescued SHIN1-induced cell apoptosis. Our findings reveal an important mechanism by which the loss of SHMT2 triggers ROS-dependent, mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis, which gives insight into the link between serine metabolism and cell apoptosis and provides a promising target for BC treatment and drug discovery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yun Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100101, Beijing, China
- Innovation Academy for Green Manufacture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100190, Beijing, China
| | - Zhe Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100101, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, China
| | - Xueliang Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100101, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, China
| | - Hui Jian
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100101, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, China
| | - Haihan Xiao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100101, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, China
| | - Tingyi Wen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100101, Beijing, China.
- Innovation Academy for Green Manufacture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100190, Beijing, China.
- Savaid Medical School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, China.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Yang T, Tian S, Wang Y, Ji J, Zhao J. Antitumor activity of pachymic acid in cervical cancer through inducing endoplasmic reticulum stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and activating the AMPK pathway. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2022; 37:2121-2132. [PMID: 35524978 DOI: 10.1002/tox.23555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Revised: 04/17/2022] [Accepted: 04/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Pachymic acid has various pharmacological effects, including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, immunomodulatory, and antitumor. However, the role of pachymic acid in cervical cancer remains unclear. So, we investigated the effects of pachymic acid in cervical cancer and elucidated the underlying mechanisms. We treated HeLa cells and normal cervical epithelial cells (HUCECs) with pachymic acid (0, 10, 20, 40, 80, or 160 μM) for 72 h, and found the cell activity was decreased in cells treated with 160 μM pachymic acid for 48 h or 80 μM pachymic acid for 72 h, while HUCECs viability without effect. Next, we observed that endoplasmic reticulum (ER) related gene expression, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) changes, ATP depletion, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and apoptosis were increased. Moreover, we observed that cytochrome C (Cytc) expression was increased and apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF) was decreased in the cytoplasm of pachymic acid-treated HeLa cells. Tauroursodeoxycholic acid (TUDCA) of ER stress inhibitor reversed the effects of pachymic acid on HeLa cells. Phosphorylation of AMPK and acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC) of the AMPK pathway key protein was upregulated in pachymic acid-induced HeLa cells. Finally, we subcutaneously implanted HeLa cells into female nude mice and treated them with pachymic acid (50 mg/kg) for 3 weeks (5 days/week), and observed in pachymic acid induced xenograft mice, tumor growth was suppressed, cell apoptosis, ER-related gene expression, and ROS levels in tumor tissues were increased. Therefore, these findings demonstrated that pachymic acid plays an anti-tumor activity in cervical cancer through inducing ER stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and activating the AMPK pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ting Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Sijuan Tian
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Yaohui Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Jing Ji
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Juan Zhao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Yin X, Han L, Zheng W, Cai L, Qin M, He Z, Kang J. Global regulatory factor AaLaeA upregulates the production of antitumor substances in the endophytic fungus Alternaria alstroemeria. J Basic Microbiol 2022; 62:1402-1414. [PMID: 36041052 DOI: 10.1002/jobm.202200391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Revised: 07/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The global regulatory factor LaeA has been shown to be involved in the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites in various fungi. In a previous work, we isolated an endophytic fungus from Artemisia annua, and its extract had a significant inhibitory effect on the A549 cancer cell line. Phylogenetic analysis further identified the strain as Alternaria alstroemeria. Overexpression of AalaeA gene resulted in significantly increased antitumor activity of this strain's extract. The 3-(4, 5- dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay results showed that the inhibition rate of the AalaeAOE29 mutant extract on A549 cancer cells was significantly higher than that of the WT extract, as the IC50 decreased from 195.0 to 107.4 μg/ml, and the total apoptosis rate was enhanced. Overexpression of the AalaeA gene significantly increased the contents of myricetin, geraniol, ergosterol, and 18 other antitumor compounds as determined by metabolomic analysis. Transcriptomic analysis revealed significant changes in 95 genes in the mutant strain, including polyketide synthases, nonribosomal peptide synthases, cytochrome P450s, glycosyltransferases, acetyl-CoA acetyltransferases, and others. These results suggested that AaLaeA mediated the antitumor activity of the metabolites in A. alstroemeria by regulating multiple metabolic pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xuemin Yin
- College of Pharmacy, Guizhou University, Guiyang, The People's Republic of China.,Southwest Biomedical Resources of the Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang, The People's Republic of China
| | - Long Han
- College of Pharmacy, Guizhou University, Guiyang, The People's Republic of China.,Southwest Biomedical Resources of the Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang, The People's Republic of China
| | - Wen Zheng
- College of Pharmacy, Guizhou University, Guiyang, The People's Republic of China.,Southwest Biomedical Resources of the Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang, The People's Republic of China
| | - Lu Cai
- College of Pharmacy, Guizhou University, Guiyang, The People's Republic of China.,Southwest Biomedical Resources of the Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang, The People's Republic of China
| | - Min Qin
- College of Pharmacy, Guizhou University, Guiyang, The People's Republic of China.,Southwest Biomedical Resources of the Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang, The People's Republic of China
| | - Zhangjiang He
- College of Pharmacy, Guizhou University, Guiyang, The People's Republic of China.,Southwest Biomedical Resources of the Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang, The People's Republic of China
| | - Jichuan Kang
- College of Pharmacy, Guizhou University, Guiyang, The People's Republic of China.,Southwest Biomedical Resources of the Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang, The People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Global regulatory factor VeA upregulates the production of antitumor substances in endophytic Fusarium solani. Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek 2022; 115:1085-1100. [PMID: 35789442 DOI: 10.1007/s10482-022-01753-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
A number of studies have demonstrated that endophytic fungi have the potential to produce antitumor active substances with novel structures and significant activities. In our previous studies, we isolated a Fusarium strain from the stem of the medicinal plant Nothapodytes pittosporoides (Oliv.). In this study, we identified this strain as Fusarium solani and found that its crude extract has significant antitumor activity against human alveolar adenocarcinoma cells (A549). We overexpressed the global regulatory factor VeA in F. solani (VeAOE), resulting in a significant increase in antitumor activity. The MTT assay results showed that the inhibition rate of the VeAOE mutant extract on A549 cancer cells was significantly higher than that of the WT extract, as the IC50 decreased from 369.22 to 285.89 μg/mL, and the apoptosis ratio was significantly increased by approximately 4.86-fold. In VeAOE, accumulation of alkaloids, terpenoids, carboxylic acid derivatives, phenols and flavonoid metabolites with potential antitumor activity was significantly increased compared with WT based on metabolomic analysis. Additionally, transcriptome analysis found that the expression patterns of 48 genes related to antitumor activity were significantly changed in VeAOE, mainly involving glycosyl hydrolases, the Zn(2)-Cys(6) class, cytochrome P450 monooxygenase, 3-isopropylmalate dehydratase, and polyketide synthases. These results suggested that VeA mediated the antitumor activity of the metabolites in F. solani HB1-J1 by regulating multiple metabolic pathways.
Collapse
|
22
|
Qin M, Li Y, Cai L, Yin X, He Z, Kang J. Overexpression of the global regulator FnVeA up-regulates antitumor substances in endophytic Fusarium nematophilum. Can J Microbiol 2022; 68:531-541. [PMID: 35649283 DOI: 10.1139/cjm-2022-0067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The special niche of endophytic fungi promotes their potential to produce antitumor compounds with novel structure and significant bio-activity for screening of new antitumor drugs. In our previous studies, we isolated a Fusarium strain from the roots of the medicinal plant Nothapodytes pittosporoides and identified it as Fusarium nematophilum. We found that the crude extract of F. nematophilum had significant anti-tumor activity, and overexpressing the global regulatory factor FnVeA resulted in a significant increase in the anti-tumor activity, which was approximately 5-fold higher than wild strain for relative inhibition rate. In FnVeAOE, the accumulation of indole, alkene, alkaloid, steroid and flavonoid metabolites with potential anti-tumor activity were significantly up-regulated as compared with WT via metabolomic analysis. Moreover, the transcriptome analysis showed that 134 differential genes were considered to be closely related to the biosynthesis of anti-tumor substances, of which 59 differential genes were considered as candidate key genes, and related to tryptophan dimethylallyltransferase, cytochrome P450 monooxygenase, polyketide synthases and transcription factor. Taken together, we suggest that FnVeA may regulate the biosynthesis of anti-tumor substances by mediating the expression of genes related to secondary metabolic pathways in F. nematophilum. Key words: Endophytic Fusarium nematophilum; global regulator VeA; anti-tumor; metabolome; transcriptome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Min Qin
- Guizhou University, 71206, Guiyang, Guizhou, China;
| | - Yongjie Li
- Guizhou University, 71206, Guiyang, Guizhou, China;
| | - Lu Cai
- Guizhou University, 71206, Guiyang, Guizhou, China;
| | - Xuemin Yin
- Guizhou University, 71206, Guiyang, Guizhou, China;
| | | | - Jichuan Kang
- Guizhou University, 71206, Guiyang, Guizhou, China;
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Zheng K, Chen S, Hu X. Peroxisome Proliferator Activated Receptor Gamma Coactivator-1 Alpha: A Double-Edged Sword in Prostate Cancer. Curr Cancer Drug Targets 2022; 22:541-559. [PMID: 35362394 DOI: 10.2174/1568009622666220330194149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Revised: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma coactivator-1 alpha (PGC-1α/PPARGC1A) is a pivotal transcriptional coactivator involved in the regulation of mitochondrial metabolism, including biogenesis and oxidative metabolism. PGC-1α is finely regulated by AMP-activated protein kinases (AMPKs), the role of which in tumors remains controversial to date. In recent years, a growing amount of research on PGC-1α and tumor metabolism has emphasized its importance in a variety of tumors, including prostate cancer (PCA). Compelling evidence has shown that PGC-1α may play dual roles in promoting and inhibiting tumor development under certain conditions. Therefore, a better understanding of the critical role of PGC-1α in PCA pathogenesis will provide new insights into targeting PGC-1α for the treatment of this disease. In this review, we highlight the procancer and anticancer effects of PGC-1α in PCA and aim to provide a theoretical basis for targeting AMPK/PGC-1α to inhibit the development of PCA. In addition, our recent findings provide a candidate drug target and theoretical basis for targeting PGC-1α to regulate lipid metabolism in PCA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kun Zheng
- Department of urology, Shanghai Sixth People\'s Hospital, 600 Yishan Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, China
| | - Suzhen Chen
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Sixth People\'s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People\'s Hospital, China
| | - Xiaoyong Hu
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Sixth People\'s Hospital, 600 Yishan Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Li M, Che N, Feng Y, Liu X, Piao L, Xuan Y, Jin Y. B7-H4 expression promotes non-small cell lung cancer progression via AMPK/mTOR signaling. Exp Mol Pathol 2022; 125:104755. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yexmp.2022.104755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Revised: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
|
25
|
Tripathi V, Jaiswal P, Assaiya A, Kumar J, Parmar HS. Anti-Cancer Effects of 5-Aminoimidazole-4-Carboxamide-1-β-D-Ribofuranoside (AICAR) on Triple-Negative Breast Cancer (TNBC) Cells: Mitochondrial Modulation may be an Underlying Mechanism. Curr Cancer Drug Targets 2022; 22:245-256. [PMID: 35135451 DOI: 10.2174/1568009622666220207101212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Revised: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is known for Warburg-metabolism and defects in the mitochondria. AMP-dependent kinase (AMPK) activates the downstream transcription factors PGC-1α, PGC-1β, or FOXO1 which participate in mitochondrial biogenesis. 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide riboside (AICAR) is an analog of adenosine monophosphate and is a direct activator of AMPK. OBJECTIVES In the present study, we attempt to understand the influence of AICAR on TNBC cells MDA-MB-231 and the underlying changes in mitochondrial biogenesis, if any. METHODS We investigated AICAR induced changes in cell viability, apoptosis, migratory potential, and changes in the sensitivity of doxorubicin. RESULTS In response to the treatment of MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells with 750 µM of AICAR for 72 hours, followed by 48 hours in fresh media without AICAR, we observed a decrease in viability via MTT assay, reduction in cell numbers along with the apoptotic appearance, increased cell death by ELISA, decreased lactate in conditioned medium and decrease in migration by scratch and transwell migration assays. These changes in the cancer phenotype were accompanied by an increase in mitochondrial biogenesis, as observed by increased mitochondrial DNA to nuclear DNA ratio, a decrease in lactic acid concentration, increase in mitotracker green and red staining, and increased expression of transcription factors PGC-1α, NRF-1, NRF-2, and TFAM that contribute in mitochondrial biogenesis. Pre-treatment of cells with AICAR for 72 hours followed by 48 hours treatment with 1 µM doxorubicin showed an increased sensitivity to doxorubicin as assessed by MTT assay. CONCLUSION Our results show that AICAR exerts beneficial effects on TNBC cells possibly via switching off the Warburg metabolism and switching on the anti-Warburg metabolism through mitochondrial modulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Versha Tripathi
- School of Biotechnology, Devi Ahilya University, Indore-452001. M.P., India
| | - Pooja Jaiswal
- School of Biotechnology, Devi Ahilya University, Indore-452001. M.P., India
| | - Anshul Assaiya
- Laboratory of Membrane Protein Biology, National Centre for Cell Science, NCCS Complex, S. P. Pune University, Pune, Maharashtra 411007, India
| | - Janesh Kumar
- Laboratory of Membrane Protein Biology, National Centre for Cell Science, NCCS Complex, S. P. Pune University, Pune, Maharashtra 411007, India
| | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
The Natural Chemotherapeutic Capsaicin Activates AMPK through LKB1 Kinase and TRPV1 Receptors in Prostate Cancer Cells. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14020329. [PMID: 35214061 PMCID: PMC8880011 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14020329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Revised: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The natural bioactive compound capsaicin has been reported to have anticancer activity, although the underlying mechanism of action has not been completely clarified. Herein, we investigated the mechanism whereby capsaicin exerts antitumor effects on prostate cancer cells. We found that capsaicin activated AMP-activated kinase (AMPK) and promoted cell death in the LKB1-expressing prostate cancer cell lines LNCaP and PC3, but not in the liver kinase B1 (LKB1)-null cell line DU-145. Capsaicin treatment stimulated LKB1 phosphorylation and activated AMPK in LKB1-expressing cells. In addition, LKB1 silencing in LNCaP and PC3 cells abrogated capsaicin-induced AMPK activation, while the overexpression of LKB1 by lentiviral infection in DU-145 cells induced capsaicin-triggered AMPK phosphorylation. Moreover, the calcium/calmodulin-dependent kinase kinase 2 (CaMKK2) inhibitor STO-609 did not modify the activation of AMPK induced by capsaicin, suggesting a CaMKK2-independent mechanism. Capsaicin-induced LKB1 phosphorylation was dependent on the transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 1 (TRPV1), since TRPV1 knocked down by shRNA abolished LKB1 and AMPK phosphorylation in LKB1-expressing cells. Altogether, our results showed that capsaicin affected AMPK activity in an LKB1- and TRPV1-dependent fashion, linking TRPV1 with cell fate. These data also suggest that capsaicin may be a rational chemotherapeutic option for prostate tumors.
Collapse
|
27
|
Chen Q, Yang Z, Ding H, Li H, Wang W, Pan Z. CircWHSC1 Promotes Breast Cancer Progression by Regulating the FASN/AMPK/mTOR Axis Through Sponging miR-195-5p. Front Oncol 2022; 11:649242. [PMID: 35070947 PMCID: PMC8766753 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.649242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Numerous studies reveal that circular RNAs (circRNAs) affect cancer progression. CircWHSC1 is a novel circRNA that accelerates ovarian cancer progression. Nevertheless, the function of circWHSC1 in regulating breast cancer (BC) is elusive. Here, quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was carried out to detect the profiles of circWHSC1 and miR-195-5p in BC tissues and corresponding non-tumor tissues. Gain- and loss-of-function assays were implemented both in vivo and ex vivo to verify the significance of circWHSC1 in BC development. BC cell proliferation was estimated by the cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) and BrdU assays. Transwell assay was implemented to test BC cell migration and invasion. The protein levels of FASN, AMPK and mTOR were determined by Western blot. Moreover, immunohistochemistry was performed to examine Ki67 and FASN expression. As shown by the result, circWHSC1 was up-regulated in BC tissues versus adjacent non-tumor tissues. circWHSC1 overexpression was correlated with higher tumor stages, lymphatic metastasis and worse survival of BC patients. Functionally, overexpressing circWHSC1 amplified proliferation, migration and invasion of BC cell lines and boosted xenograft tumor growth in nude mice. Bioinformatics uncovered that circWHSC1 functioned as a competitive endogenous RNA by sponging miR-195-5p, which was further corroborated by the dual-luciferase reporter assay and RNA immunoprecipitation. miR-195-5p delayed BC progression, which was dampened by circWHSC1 up-regulation. Fatty acid synthase (FASN) was affirmed as a direct target of miR-195-5p. miR-195-5p overexpression curbed FASN expression and activated its downstream AMPK pathway. Inhibition of FASN or activation of the AMPK pathway reversed circWHSC1-mediated oncogenic effects. Collectively, CircWHSC1 acted as an oncogene to expedite BC evolvement by modulating the miR-195-5p/FASN/AMPK/mTOR pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qian Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhen Yang
- Department of General Surgery, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongjian Ding
- Department of General Surgery, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Huaqing Li
- Department of General Surgery, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Weiyu Wang
- Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Institute of Hepatobiliary Diseases of Wuhan University, Transplant Center of Wuhan University, Hubei Key Laboratory of Medical Technology on Transplantation, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhiyu Pan
- Department of General Surgery, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Sugiura A, Andrejeva G, Voss K, Heintzman DR, Xu X, Madden MZ, Ye X, Beier KL, Chowdhury NU, Wolf MM, Young AC, Greenwood DL, Sewell AE, Shahi SK, Freedman SN, Cameron AM, Foerch P, Bourne T, Garcia-Canaveras JC, Karijolich J, Newcomb DC, Mangalam AK, Rabinowitz JD, Rathmell JC. MTHFD2 is a metabolic checkpoint controlling effector and regulatory T cell fate and function. Immunity 2022; 55:65-81.e9. [PMID: 34767747 PMCID: PMC8755618 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2021.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Revised: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Antigenic stimulation promotes T cell metabolic reprogramming to meet increased biosynthetic, bioenergetic, and signaling demands. We show that the one-carbon (1C) metabolism enzyme methylenetetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase 2 (MTHFD2) regulates de novo purine synthesis and signaling in activated T cells to promote proliferation and inflammatory cytokine production. In pathogenic T helper-17 (Th17) cells, MTHFD2 prevented aberrant upregulation of the transcription factor FoxP3 along with inappropriate gain of suppressive capacity. MTHFD2 deficiency also promoted regulatory T (Treg) cell differentiation. Mechanistically, MTHFD2 inhibition led to depletion of purine pools, accumulation of purine biosynthetic intermediates, and decreased nutrient sensor mTORC1 signaling. MTHFD2 was also critical to regulate DNA and histone methylation in Th17 cells. Importantly, MTHFD2 deficiency reduced disease severity in multiple in vivo inflammatory disease models. MTHFD2 is thus a metabolic checkpoint to integrate purine metabolism with pathogenic effector cell signaling and is a potential therapeutic target within 1C metabolism pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ayaka Sugiura
- Vanderbilt Center for Immunobiology, Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Gabriela Andrejeva
- Vanderbilt Center for Immunobiology, Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Kelsey Voss
- Vanderbilt Center for Immunobiology, Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Darren R Heintzman
- Vanderbilt Center for Immunobiology, Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Xincheng Xu
- Department of Chemistry, Ludwig Cancer Research Institute Princeton Branch, Lewis-Sigler Institute for Integrative Genomics, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
| | - Matthew Z Madden
- Vanderbilt Center for Immunobiology, Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Xiang Ye
- Vanderbilt Center for Immunobiology, Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Katherine L Beier
- Vanderbilt Center for Immunobiology, Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Nowrin U Chowdhury
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Melissa M Wolf
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Arissa C Young
- Vanderbilt Center for Immunobiology, Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Dalton L Greenwood
- Vanderbilt Center for Immunobiology, Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Allison E Sewell
- Vanderbilt Center for Immunobiology, Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Shailesh K Shahi
- Department of Pathology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | | | - Alanna M Cameron
- Sitryx Therapeutics Limited, Magdalen Centre, Oxford Science Park, Oxford, UK
| | - Patrik Foerch
- Sitryx Therapeutics Limited, Magdalen Centre, Oxford Science Park, Oxford, UK
| | - Tim Bourne
- Sitryx Therapeutics Limited, Magdalen Centre, Oxford Science Park, Oxford, UK
| | - Juan C Garcia-Canaveras
- Department of Chemistry, Ludwig Cancer Research Institute Princeton Branch, Lewis-Sigler Institute for Integrative Genomics, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
| | - John Karijolich
- Vanderbilt Center for Immunobiology, Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Dawn C Newcomb
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | | | - Joshua D Rabinowitz
- Department of Chemistry, Ludwig Cancer Research Institute Princeton Branch, Lewis-Sigler Institute for Integrative Genomics, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
| | - Jeffrey C Rathmell
- Vanderbilt Center for Immunobiology, Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Chang M, Zhu D, Chen Y, Zhang W, Liu X, Li XL, Cheng Z, Su Z, Zhang J, Lu Y, Guo H. Total Flavonoids of Litchi Seed Attenuate Prostate Cancer Progression Via Inhibiting AKT/mTOR and NF-kB Signaling Pathways. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:758219. [PMID: 34630125 PMCID: PMC8495171 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.758219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Litchi seeds have been traditionally used in Chinese herbal formula for urologic neoplasms including prostate cancer (PCa). However, the effective components of Litchi seeds and the mechanisms of their actions on PCa cell growth and metastasis remain unclear. In this study, we investigated the effects and molecular mechanisms of the Total Flavonoid of Litchi Seed (TFLS) in PCa PC3 and DU145 cell lines. We found that TFLS significantly inhibited the PCa cell proliferation, induced apoptosis, and prevented cell migration and invasion. Furthermore, we observed that TFLS upregulated the expression of epithelial biomarker E-cadherin and downregulated mesenchymal biomarker Vimentin. TFLS also increased the expression of cleaved-PRAP and Bax, and decreased the expression of Bcl-2 in both PC3 and DU145 cells. Besides, TFLS inhibited AKT signaling pathway by reducing the phosphorylation of AKT and activities of downstream signal transducers including mTOR, IκBα and NF-kB. Finally, TFLS treated mice exhibited a significant decrease in tumor size without toxicity in major organs in vivo. These results indicated that TFLS could suppress PCa cell growth in vivo and inhibit PCa cell proliferation and metastasis in vitro through induction of apoptosis and phenotypic reversal of EMT, which may be achieved by inhibiting the AKT/mTOR and NF-κB signaling pathways. Taken together, our data provide new insights into the role of TFLS as a novel potent anti-cancer agent for the treatment of PCa.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ming Chang
- Key Laboratory of Longevity and Aging-Related Diseases of Chinese Ministry of Education, Center for Translational Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China.,School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment and Disease Research, Shenzhen, China
| | - Dan Zhu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules Research and Evaluation, College of Pharmacy, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Yanjiang Chen
- Department of Surgery, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Weiquan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Longevity and Aging-Related Diseases of Chinese Ministry of Education, Center for Translational Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China.,Guangxi Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules Research and Evaluation, College of Pharmacy, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Xi Liu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules Research and Evaluation, College of Pharmacy, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Xiao-Lan Li
- Key Laboratory of Longevity and Aging-Related Diseases of Chinese Ministry of Education, Center for Translational Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China.,Guangxi Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules Research and Evaluation, College of Pharmacy, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Zhiping Cheng
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules Research and Evaluation, College of Pharmacy, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Zhiheng Su
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules Research and Evaluation, College of Pharmacy, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Longevity and Aging-Related Diseases of Chinese Ministry of Education, Center for Translational Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China.,School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment and Disease Research, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yi Lu
- Key Laboratory of Longevity and Aging-Related Diseases of Chinese Ministry of Education, Center for Translational Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China.,School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment and Disease Research, Shenzhen, China
| | - Hongwei Guo
- Key Laboratory of Longevity and Aging-Related Diseases of Chinese Ministry of Education, Center for Translational Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China.,Guangxi Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules Research and Evaluation, College of Pharmacy, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
6-Shogaol Antagonizes the Adipocyte-Conditioned Medium-Initiated 5-Fluorouracil Resistance in Human Colorectal Cancer Cells through Controlling the SREBP-1 Level. Life (Basel) 2021; 11:life11101067. [PMID: 34685438 PMCID: PMC8537026 DOI: 10.3390/life11101067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Revised: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The resistance of colorectal cancer (CRC) to chemotherapy, e.g., 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), is an impediment to successful cancer treatment. Although many mechanisms have been proposed to explain the occurrence of resistance, little is known concerning the role of the adipocyte-containing microenvironment of CRC. Accumulating data have proposed that the combined therapy of clinical drugs with ginger derivatives, e.g., 6-shogaol, might improve resistance development. In the present study, we examined the effect of adipocyte-conditioned medium (ACM) on 5-FU-treated CRC cells (human DLD-1 and SW480 cells) and further examined the possible antagonized role of 6-shogaol in this situation. It was shown that the level of sterol-regulatory element-binding protein-1 (SREBP-1), a critical transcription factor involved in lipid synthesis and metabolism, would be upregulated through Akt and p70S6K signaling pathways while CRC cells are cultured in ACM, which subsequently decreases the cell sensitivity to 5-FU cytotoxicity. Moreover, our results also demonstrated the antagonized role of 6-shogaol in attenuating the ACM effects on CRC cells through activating AMPK signaling. Overall, the present study elucidated the role of adipocyte-containing microenvironment in 5-FU resistance development of CRC through controlling the SREBP-1 level and further enhanced the concept of clinical application of 6-shogaol and AMPK signaling in CRC therapy.
Collapse
|
31
|
Lee PY, Lai YH, Liu PL, Liu CC, Su CC, Chiu FY, Cheng WC, Hsu SL, Cheng KC, Chiu LY, Kao TE, Lin CC, Chang YC, Wang SC, Li CY. Toxicity of amantadine hydrochloride on cultured bovine cornea endothelial cells. Sci Rep 2021; 11:18514. [PMID: 34531501 PMCID: PMC8445916 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-98005-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Amantadine hydrochloride (HCl) is commonly prescribed for treating influenza A virus infection and Parkinson’s disease. Recently, several studies have indicated that the use of amantadine HCl is associated with corneal edema; however, the cytotoxic effect of amantadine HCl has not been investigated. In the present study, the effects of amantadine HCl on cell growth, proliferation, and apoptosis in bovine cornea endothelial cells, and in vitro endothelial permeability were examined. Results showed that lower doses of amantadine HCl do not affect cell growth (≤ 20 μΜ), whereas higher doses of amantadine HCl inhibits cell growth (≥ 50 μΜ), induces apoptosis (2000 μΜ), increases sub-G1 phase growth arrest (2000 μΜ), causes DNA damage (≥ 1000 μΜ), and induces endothelial hyperpermeability (≥ 1000 μΜ) in bovine cornea endothelial cells; additionally, we also found that amantadine HCl attenuates the proliferation (≥ 200 μΜ) and arrests cell cycle at G1 phase (≥ 200 μΜ) in bovine cornea endothelial cells. In the present study, we measured the cytotoxic doses of amantadine HCl on cornea endothelial cells, which might be applied in evaluating the association of corneal edema.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Po-Yen Lee
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan.,Department of Ophthalmology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Hung Lai
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan.,Department of Ophthalmology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan.,Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan
| | - Po-Len Liu
- Department of Respiratory Therapy, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Chih Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, 71004, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Cheng Su
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan.,Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Tainan, 71004, Taiwan.,Department of Senior Citizen Service Management, Chia Nan University of Pharmacy and Science, Tainan, 71710, Taiwan
| | - Fang-Yen Chiu
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Chung Cheng
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, and Research Center for Tumor Medical Science, and Drug Development Center, China Medical University, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan
| | - Shiuh-Liang Hsu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan
| | - Kai-Chun Cheng
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan.,Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan.,Department of Ophthalmology, Kaohsiung Municipal Siaogang Hospital, Kaohsiung, 81267, Taiwan
| | - Li-Yi Chiu
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan.,Department of Ophthalmology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan.,Department of Ophthalmology, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung, 80145, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-En Kao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Ching Lin
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan
| | - Yo-Chen Chang
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan.,Department of Ophthalmology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan.,Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Chi Wang
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan. .,Center for Cancer Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan.
| | - Chia-Yang Li
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan. .,Center for Cancer Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Brito A, Merle C, Lagarde P, Faustin B, Devin A, Lartigue L, Chibon F. Cell fusion enhances energy metabolism of mesenchymal tumor hybrid cells to sustain their proliferation and invasion. BMC Cancer 2021; 21:863. [PMID: 34320948 PMCID: PMC8317390 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-021-08561-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cell-to-cell fusion is emerging as a key element of the metastatic process in various cancer types. We recently showed that hybrids made from the spontaneous merging of pre-malignant (IMR90 E6E7, i.e. E6E7) and malignant (IMR90 E6E7 RST, i.e. RST) mesenchymal cells recapitulate the main features of human undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma (UPS), with a highly rearranged genome and increased spreading capacities. To better characterize the intrinsic properties of these hybrids, we investigated here their metabolic energy profile compared to their parents. RESULTS Our results unveiled that hybrids harbored a Warburg-like metabolism, like their RST counterparts. However, hybrids displayed a much greater metabolic activity, enhancing glycolysis to proliferate. Interestingly, modifying the metabolic environmental conditions through the use of 5-aminoimidazole-4-carbox-amide-1-β-D-ribofuranoside (AICAR), an activator of the 5'-adenosine monophosphate (AMP)-activated protein kinase (AMPK), specifically reduced the growth of hybrids, and also abrogated the invasive capacity of hybrids displaying enhanced glycolysis. Furthermore, AICAR efficiently blocked the tumoral features related to the aggressiveness of human UPS cell lines. CONCLUSION Altogether, our findings strongly suggest that hybrids rely on higher energy flux to proliferate and that a drug altering this metabolic equilibrium could impair their survival and be potentially considered as a novel therapeutic strategy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ariadna Brito
- Cancer Research Center in Toulouse (CRCT), INSERM U1037, 31037, Toulouse, France
- University of Toulouse 3, Paul Sabatier, 118 route Narbonne, 31062 Cedex 9, Toulouse, France
| | - Candice Merle
- Cancer Research Center in Toulouse (CRCT), INSERM U1037, 31037, Toulouse, France
- University of Toulouse 3, Paul Sabatier, 118 route Narbonne, 31062 Cedex 9, Toulouse, France
| | - Pauline Lagarde
- INSERM U1218, 299 cours de l'Argonne, F-33076, Bordeaux, France
- University of Bordeaux, 146 rue Léo Saignat, F-33000, Bordeaux, France
- Department of Biopathology, Bergonie Institute, 229 cours de l'Argonne, F-33076, Bordeaux, France
| | - Benjamin Faustin
- CNRS UMR 5164, 33000, Bordeaux, France
- Immunology Discovery, Janssen Research and Development, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Anne Devin
- CNRS UMR 5095, 1 Rue Camille Saint-Saëns, F-33077, Bordeaux Cedex, France
| | - Lydia Lartigue
- INSERM U1218, 299 cours de l'Argonne, F-33076, Bordeaux, France
- University of Bordeaux, 146 rue Léo Saignat, F-33000, Bordeaux, France
| | - Frederic Chibon
- Cancer Research Center in Toulouse (CRCT), INSERM U1037, 31037, Toulouse, France.
- INSERM U1218, 299 cours de l'Argonne, F-33076, Bordeaux, France.
- Department of Biopathology, Bergonie Institute, 229 cours de l'Argonne, F-33076, Bordeaux, France.
- Department of Pathology, Institut Claudius Régaud, IUCT-Oncopole, Toulouse, France.
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Jiang T, Sánchez-Rivera FJ, Soto-Feliciano YM, Yang Q, Song CQ, Bhuatkar A, Haynes CM, Hemann MT, Xue W. Targeting the De Novo Purine Synthesis Pathway Through Adenylosuccinate Lyase Depletion Impairs Liver Cancer Growth by Perturbing Mitochondrial Function. Hepatology 2021; 74:233-247. [PMID: 33336367 PMCID: PMC8209110 DOI: 10.1002/hep.31685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Revised: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is among the most common cancer types worldwide, yet patients with HCC have limited treatment options. There is an urgent need to identify drug targets that specifically inhibit the growth of HCC cells. APPROACH AND RESULTS We used a CRISPR library targeting ~2,000 druggable genes to perform a high-throughput screen and identified adenylosuccinate lyase (ADSL), a key enzyme involved in the de novo purine synthesis pathway, as a potential drug target for HCC. ADSL has been implicated as a potential oncogenic driver in some cancers, but its role in liver cancer progression remains unknown. CRISPR-mediated knockout of ADSL impaired colony formation of liver cancer cells by affecting AMP production. In the absence of ADSL, the growth of liver tumors is retarded in vivo. Mechanistically, we found that ADSL knockout caused S-phase cell cycle arrest not by inducing DNA damage but by impairing mitochondrial function. Using data from patients with HCC, we also revealed that high ADSL expression occurs during tumorigenesis and is linked to poor survival rate. CONCLUSIONS Our findings uncover the role of ADSL-mediated de novo purine synthesis in fueling mitochondrial ATP production to promote liver cancer cell growth. Targeting ADSL may be a therapeutic approach for patients with HCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Jiang
- RNA Therapeutics Institute, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Francisco J. Sánchez-Rivera
- David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02142
- Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02142
- Cancer Biology and Genetics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, NY 10065
| | - Yadira M. Soto-Feliciano
- David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02142
- Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02142
| | - Qiyuan Yang
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Chun-Qing Song
- Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 310024, China
| | - Arjun Bhuatkar
- David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02142
| | - Cole M Haynes
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Michael T. Hemann
- David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02142
| | - Wen Xue
- RNA Therapeutics Institute, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
- Li Weibo Institute for Rare Diseases Research, University of Massachusetts Medical School, 368 Plantation Street, Worcester, MA, 01605
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Li Z, Liu B, Li C, Sun S, Zhang H, Sun S, Wang Z, Zhang X. NRBP2 Functions as a Tumor Suppressor and Inhibits Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition in Breast Cancer. Front Oncol 2021; 11:634026. [PMID: 33816275 PMCID: PMC8012753 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.634026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Nuclear Receptor Binding Protein 2 (NRBP2), one of the pseudokinases discovered during a screen of neural differentiation genes, inhibits tumor progression in medulloblastoma and hepatocellular carcinoma. However, the role and the mechanism of NRBP2 in the regulation of the progression of breast cancer (BC) have not been reported. In our study, NRBP2 was downregulated in human BC tissues compared with the corresponding normal tissues. Moreover, bioinformatics and cellular experiments illustrated that a lower level of NRBP2 contributed to a poor prognosis for patients with BC. In addition, we characterized the NRBP2-overexpressing BC cells and found that NRBP2 overexpression dramatically suppressed cell proliferation and invasion and inhibited the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in cells in vitro, whereas knockdown of NRBP2 reversed these effects. Furthermore, overexpression of NRBP2 in the orthotopic breast tumor model significantly reduced lung metastatic nodules in nude mice. Mechanistically, NRBP2 regulated the activation of the 5′-adenosine monophosphate (AMP)-activated protein kinase/ mammalian target of rapamycin (AMPK/mTOR) signaling pathway. Moreover, the inhibition of cell proliferation, invasion and the EMT by NRBP2 overexpression was partially rescued after treatment with an AMPK inhibitor. Conversely, mTOR-specific inhibitors eliminated the effects of NRBP2 knockdown on increasing cell proliferation, invasion and the EMT, which suggested the anti-tumor effect of NRBP2, which may be partially related to the regulation of the AMPK/mTOR pathway. Taken together, NRBP2, a novel and effective prognostic indicator, inhibited the progression of BC and may become a potential therapeutic target for BC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyu Li
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Bingxiong Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Hanchuan People's Hospital, Hanchuan, China
| | - Chenyuan Li
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Si Sun
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Hanpu Zhang
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Shengrong Sun
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhong Wang
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiongjie Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Hanchuan People's Hospital, Hanchuan, China
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Cardoso HJ, Carvalho TMA, Fonseca LRS, Figueira MI, Vaz CV, Socorro S. Revisiting prostate cancer metabolism: From metabolites to disease and therapy. Med Res Rev 2020; 41:1499-1538. [PMID: 33274768 DOI: 10.1002/med.21766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Revised: 10/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa), one of the most commonly diagnosed cancers worldwide, still presents important unmet clinical needs concerning treatment. In the last years, the metabolic reprogramming and the specificities of tumor cells emerged as an exciting field for cancer therapy. The unique features of PCa cells metabolism, and the activation of specific metabolic pathways, propelled the use of metabolic inhibitors for treatment. The present work revises the knowledge of PCa metabolism and the metabolic alterations that underlie the development and progression of the disease. A focus is given to the role of bioenergetic sources, namely, glucose, lipids, and glutamine sustaining PCa cell survival and growth. Moreover, it is described as the action of oncogenes/tumor suppressors and sex steroid hormones in the metabolic reprogramming of PCa. Finally, the status of PCa treatment based on the inhibition of metabolic pathways is presented. Globally, this review updates the landscape of PCa metabolism, highlighting the critical metabolic alterations that could have a clinical and therapeutic interest.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Henrique J Cardoso
- CICS-UBI-Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Tiago M A Carvalho
- CICS-UBI-Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Lara R S Fonseca
- CICS-UBI-Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Marília I Figueira
- CICS-UBI-Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Cátia V Vaz
- CICS-UBI-Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Sílvia Socorro
- CICS-UBI-Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Binding Studies of AICAR and Human Serum Albumin by Spectroscopic, Theoretical, and Computational Methodologies. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25225410. [PMID: 33228044 PMCID: PMC7699360 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25225410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2020] [Revised: 11/08/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
The interactions of small molecule drugs with plasma serum albumin are important because of the influence of such interactions on the pharmacokinetics of these therapeutic agents. 5-Aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide ribonucleoside (AICAR) is one such drug candidate that has recently gained attention for its promising clinical applications as an anti-cancer agent. This study sheds light upon key aspects of AICAR’s pharmacokinetics, which are not well understood. We performed in-depth experimental and computational binding analyses of AICAR with human serum albumin (HSA) under simulated biochemical conditions, using ligand-dependent fluorescence sensitivity of HSA. This allowed us to characterize the strength and modes of binding, mechanism of fluorescence quenching, validation of FRET, and intermolecular interactions for the AICAR–HSA complexes. We determined that AICAR and HSA form two stable low-energy complexes, leading to conformational changes and quenching of protein fluorescence. Stern–Volmer analysis of the fluorescence data also revealed a collision-independent static mechanism for fluorescence quenching upon formation of the AICAR–HSA complex. Ligand-competitive displacement experiments, using known site-specific ligands for HSA’s binding sites (I, II, and III) suggest that AICAR is capable of binding to both HSA site I (warfarin binding site, subdomain IIA) and site II (flufenamic acid binding site, subdomain IIIA). Computational molecular docking experiments corroborated these site-competitive experiments, revealing key hydrogen bonding interactions involved in stabilization of both AICAR–HSA complexes, reaffirming that AICAR binds to both site I and site II.
Collapse
|
37
|
Wang Z, Zhu Z, Li C, Zhang Y, Li Z, Sun S. NMIIA promotes tumorigenesis and prevents chemosensitivity in colorectal cancer by activating AMPK/mTOR pathway. Exp Cell Res 2020; 398:112387. [PMID: 33220257 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2020.112387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Revised: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Non-muscle myosin IIA (NMIIA) has been reported to be involved in the carcinogenesis and malignant progression of various human tumors. However, the role and potential mechanism of NMIIA in the biological functions and apoptosis in colorectal cancer (CRC) remain elusive. In this study, we found that NMIIA was overexpressed in CRC tissues and significantly associated with poor survival in CRC patients. In addition, NMIIA promoted CRC cell proliferation and invasion via activating the AMPK/mTOR pathway in vitro, and NMIIA knockdown inhibited CRC growth in vivo. Meanwhile, NMIIA knockdown downregulated the CSCs markers (CD44 and CD133) expression in CRC cells. Furthermore, AMPK/mTOR pathway activation effectively reversed the NMIIA knockdown-induced inhibition of proliferation, invasion and stemness in CRC cells. Finally, NMIIA protects CRC cells from 5-FU-induced apoptosis and proliferation inhibition through the AMPK/mTOR pathway. Taken together, these results indicate that NMIIA plays a pivotal role in CRC growth and progression by regulating AMPK/mTOR pathway activation, and it may act as a novel therapeutic target prognostic factor in CRC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhong Wang
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Zhanyong Zhu
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Chenyuan Li
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Yimin Zhang
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China.
| | - Zhiyu Li
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China.
| | - Shengrong Sun
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Li S, Zhan Y, Xie Y, Wang Y, Liu Y. The Impact of Icariside II on Human Prostate Cancer Cell Proliferation, Mobility, and Autophagy via PI3K-AKT-mTOR Signaling Pathway. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2020; 14:4169-4178. [PMID: 33116405 PMCID: PMC7549881 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s268524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 08/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Introduction The flavonol glycoside icariside II (ICA II) has been shown to exhibit a range of anti-tumor properties. Herein, we evaluated the impact of ICA II on human prostate cancer cell proliferation, motility, and autophagy, and we further evaluated the molecular mechanisms underlying these effects. Methods We treated DU145 human prostate cancer cells with a range of ICA II doses and then assessed their proliferation via CCK-8 assay, while flow cytometry was used to monitor apoptosis and cell cycle progression. We further utilized wound healing and transwell assays to probe the impact of ICA II on migration and invasion, and assessed autophagy via laser confocal fluorescence microscopy. Western blotting was further utilized to measure LC3-II/I, Beclin-1, P70S6K, PI3K, AKT, mTOR, phospho-AKT, phospho-mTOR, and phospho-P70S6K levels, with qRT-PCR being used to evaluate the expression of specific genes at the mRNA level. Results We found that ICA II was capable of mediating the dose- and time-dependent suppression of DU145 cell proliferation, causing these cells to enter a state of cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. We further determined that ICA II treatment was associated with significant impairment of prostate cancer cell migration and invasion, whereas autophagy was enhanced in treated cells relative to untreated controls. Conclusion Our results indicate that ICA II treatment is capable of suppressing human prostate tumor cell proliferation and migration while enhancing autophagy via modulating the PI3K-AKT-mTOR signaling pathway. As such, ICA II may be an ideal candidate drug for the treatment of prostate cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Li
- Department of Urology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100730, People's Republic of China
| | - Yunlu Zhan
- Department of Urology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100730, People's Republic of China
| | - Yingwei Xie
- Department of Urology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100730, People's Republic of China
| | - Yonghui Wang
- Department of Urology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100730, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuexin Liu
- Department of Urology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100730, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Feng YQ, Li BA, Feng F, Chen YS, Ren YX, Zhang H, Cao S. Novel mTOR Inhibitor Enhances the Sensitivity of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells to Molecular Targeting Agents. Onco Targets Ther 2020; 13:7165-7176. [PMID: 32801748 PMCID: PMC7394584 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s244474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Although molecular-targeted agents are still the first choice for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) treatment, the therapeutic efficacy of these agents is not satisfactory. Recently, the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) is considered to be a promising molecular target that can enhance the sensitivity of HCC cells to antitumor therapy. However, the reported mTOR inhibitors have some shortcomings, and novel mTOR inhibitors need to be developed to enhance the antitumor effect of molecularly targeted agents on advanced HCC. Methods In this study, five small-molecular compounds that could serve as potential mTOR-specific inhibitors were identified by virtual screening. The activity of tert-butyl (4-(9-(2-(1,3-dioxolan-2-yl)ethyl)-6-morpholino-9H-purin-2-yl)phenyl)carbamate (compound 4) was measured by enzyme test and Western blot, and its antitumor effect on HCC was examined in nude mice subcutaneous tumor model. Results The results showed that 4 is the most effective one in inhibiting the activation of mTOR kinase (mTOR IC50 = 17.52±3.67 nmol/L) among the five lead compounds. Further research in this study indicated that treatment with 4 enhanced the sensitivity of HCC cells to the molecular-targeted agents, such as sorafenib, regorafenib, lenvatinib, anlotinib, and apatinib. In addition, this research indicated that mTOR was correlated with the poor prognosis in patients with advanced HCC who received sorafenib. Conclusion Our study identified a new type of small-molecular inhibitors of mTOR and confirmed their ability to enhance the antitumor effect of molecular-targeted agents on advanced HCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Qi Feng
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Process of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Pharmacy, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430072, People's Republic of China
| | - Bo-An Li
- Center for Clinical Laboratory, The Fifth Medical Center, General Hospital of Chinese PLA, Beijing 100039, People's Republic of China
| | - Fan Feng
- Center for Clinical Laboratory, The Fifth Medical Center, General Hospital of Chinese PLA, Beijing 100039, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong-Shou Chen
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Process of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Pharmacy, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430072, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi-Xin Ren
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Process of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Pharmacy, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430072, People's Republic of China
| | - Heng Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Process of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Pharmacy, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430072, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuang Cao
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Process of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Pharmacy, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430072, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Zheng Y, Jin J, Gao Y, Luo C, Wu X, Liu J. Phospholipase Cε Regulates Prostate Cancer Lipid Metabolism and Proliferation by Targeting AMP-Activated Protein Kinase (AMPK)/Sterol Regulatory Element-Binding Protein 1 (SREBP-1) Signaling Pathway. Med Sci Monit 2020; 26:e924328. [PMID: 32696762 PMCID: PMC7392057 DOI: 10.12659/msm.924328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metabolic reprogramming is a common characteristic of numerous kinds of tumors, including prostate cancer (PCa). Tumor metabolism such as lipid metabolism provides sufficient lipids for tumor cell division and rapid growing as well as a vital source for formation of new cellular membranes. Phospholipase Cε (PLCε) is an oncogene that can drive proliferation, progression, and lipid metabolism of tumors, but its effect in lipid metabolism of PCa is not clear. MATERIAL AND METHODS Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and PCa tissue specimens were assessed for SREBP-1, FASN, and PLCε by immunohistochemistry, and PLCε was knocked-down by a lentiviral short hairpin RNA. The mRNA and protein level expression of related factors were tested by qPCR and Western blot analyses. Cell proliferation was assessed by clone formation, CCK-8, and Ki-67 assays. Nile red and oil red O staining were performed to detect endogenous lipid levels. Immunofluorescence was used to localize the protein of SREBP-1. Finally, a tumor xenograft assay of nude mice was performed to assess the role of PLCε in prostate tumor generation. RESULTS We found that overexpression of PLCε indicates low PFS in PCa and is involved in metastasis of PCa, and that the PLCε/AMPK/SREBP-1 signaling network promotes the progression of PCa through lipid metabolism in vivo and in vitro. CONCLUSIONS This study is the first to discover the lethal role of PLCε in lipid metabolism and malignant behavior of PCa, elucidation PCa occurrence and progression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yongbo Zheng
- Department of Urology Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China (mainland)
| | - Jiajia Jin
- Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China (mainland)
| | - Yingying Gao
- Department of Laboratory Diagnosis, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, Heilongjiang, China (mainland)
| | - Chunli Luo
- College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China (mainland)
| | - Xiaohou Wu
- Department of Urology Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China (mainland)
| | - Jiayu Liu
- Department of Urology Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China (mainland)
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Ghoneum A, Abdulfattah AY, Warren BO, Shu J, Said N. Redox Homeostasis and Metabolism in Cancer: A Complex Mechanism and Potential Targeted Therapeutics. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E3100. [PMID: 32354000 PMCID: PMC7247161 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21093100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Revised: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Reactive Oxygen Species or "ROS" encompass several molecules derived from oxygen that can oxidize other molecules and subsequently transition rapidly between species. The key roles of ROS in biological processes are cell signaling, biosynthetic processes, and host defense. In cancer cells, increased ROS production and oxidative stress are instigated by carcinogens, oncogenic mutations, and importantly, metabolic reprograming of the rapidly proliferating cancer cells. Increased ROS production activates myriad downstream survival pathways that further cancer progression and metastasis. In this review, we highlight the relation between ROS, the metabolic programing of cancer, and stromal and immune cells with emphasis on and the transcription machinery involved in redox homeostasis, metabolic programing and malignant phenotype. We also shed light on the therapeutic targeting of metabolic pathways generating ROS as we investigate: Orlistat, Biguandes, AICAR, 2 Deoxyglucose, CPI-613, and Etomoxir.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alia Ghoneum
- Departments of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston Salem, NC 27157, USA
| | - Ammar Yasser Abdulfattah
- Departments of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston Salem, NC 27157, USA
| | - Bailey Olivia Warren
- Departments of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston Salem, NC 27157, USA
| | - Junjun Shu
- Departments of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston Salem, NC 27157, USA
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Neveen Said
- Departments of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston Salem, NC 27157, USA
- Departments of Urology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston Salem, NC 27157, USA
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Winston Salem, NC 27157, USA
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Ji R, Teng M, Zhang Z, Wang W, Zhang Q, Lv Y, Zhang J, Jiang X. Electric field down-regulates CD9 to promote keratinocytes migration through AMPK pathway. Int J Med Sci 2020; 17:865-873. [PMID: 32308539 PMCID: PMC7163358 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.42840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2019] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Endogenous electric field (EF)-directed keratinocytes migration is known to play a key role in the wound re-epithelialization process. Although many molecules and signaling pathways are reported important for directional keratinocytes migration under EF, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. Our previous research found that CD9, a trans-membrane protein, is involved in wound re-epithelialization and CD9 downregulation contributes to keratinocytes migration. In this study, we observed the effect of EF on CD9 expression and keratinocytes migration. The keratinocytes migrated directionally toward the cathode and CD9 expression was down-regulated under EF (200mV/mm). In addition, CD9 overexpression reversed EF-induced migratory speed and the electrotactic response of keratinocytes. Also, we found that EF reduced AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activity. Furthermore, AICAR, an AMPK activator, increased CD9 expression under EF, while compound C, an AMPK inhibitor, decreased CD9 expression in keratinocytes. Our results demonstrate that EF regulates CD9 expression and keratinocytes directional migration, in which AMPK pathway plays an important role.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ran Ji
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Miao Teng
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Ze Zhang
- Institute of Burn Research, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Wenping Wang
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Qiong Zhang
- Institute of Burn Research, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Yanling Lv
- Institute of Burn Research, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Jiaping Zhang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Xupin Jiang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Ni F, Tang H, Wang C, Zhang H, Zheng C, Zhang N, Chen B, Sun L. Baohuoside I Inhibits the Proliferation of Pancreatic Cancer Cells via mTOR/S6K1-Caspases/Bcl2/Bax Apoptotic Signaling. Cancer Manag Res 2019; 11:10609-10621. [PMID: 31908533 PMCID: PMC6927568 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s228926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Accepted: 12/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Although the incidence of pancreatic cancer has increased markedly, the 5-year survival rate for this disease is considerably low compared with other types of cancer. Moreover, the mortality rate of pancreatic cancer is similar to its incidence rate. Current therapeutic agents exhibit a lack of specificity for pancreatic cancer. Baohuoside I is traditionally used to treat orgasmic disorder and inflammation. However, its role in pancreatic cancer is unknown. Objective To explore the effects of Baohuoside I on pancreatic cancer and to study the potential-related molecular mechanism. Materials and methods In the present study, the antineoplastic effect of Baohuoside I was investigated with regard to pancreatic cancer via colony formation, transwell and migration assay. The energy metabolism changes of pancreatic cancer were tested by flow cytometry analysis and oxidative phosphorylation and glycolysis assay. The target signaling members were analyzed by Western blot. Results Baohuoside I inhibited the cell growth of pancreatic cancer cells. In addition, it affected intracellular energy metabolism to induce cancer cell apoptosis via the mTOR/S6K1 and the caspase/Bcl2/Bax signaling pathways. Conclusion The present data provide further insight into the development of novel drugs against pancreatic cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fubiao Ni
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial Top Key Discipline in Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, People's Republic of China
| | - Hengjie Tang
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial Top Key Discipline in Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, People's Republic of China
| | - Cheng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial Top Key Discipline in Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, People's Republic of China
| | - Hewei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial Top Key Discipline in Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, People's Republic of China
| | - Chenlei Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial Top Key Discipline in Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, People's Republic of China
| | - Ning Zhang
- First School of Clinical Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, People's Republic of China
| | - Bicheng Chen
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial Top Key Discipline in Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, People's Republic of China
| | - Linxiao Sun
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial Top Key Discipline in Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Abstract
In this paper, we report on the synthesis and spectroscopic characterization of the novel nucleoside 5′-chloro-5′-deoxy-2′,3′-O-isopropylidene-6-fluoro nebularine, obtained as a side product during the second step of the synthesis of 5′-fluoro-5′-deoxy-5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide-β-d-riboside (5′-F-AICAR), a non-phosphorylable analogue of 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide-β-d-riboside (AICAR).
Collapse
|