1
|
Martins LA, Schiavo A, Paz LV, Xavier LL, Mestriner RG. Neural underpinnings of fine motor skills under stress and anxiety: A review. Physiol Behav 2024; 282:114593. [PMID: 38782244 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2024.114593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Revised: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
This review offers a comprehensive examination of how stress and anxiety affect motor behavior, particularly focusing on fine motor skills and gait adaptability. We explore the role of several neurochemicals, including brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and dopamine, in modulating neural plasticity and motor control under these affective states. The review highlights the importance of developing therapeutic strategies that enhance motor performance by leveraging the interactions between key neurochemicals. Additionally, we investigate the complex interplay between emotional-cognitive states and sensorimotor behaviors, showing how stress and anxiety disrupt neural integration, leading to impairments in skilled movements and negatively impacting quality of life. Synthesizing evidence from human and rodent studies, we provide a detailed understanding of the relationships among stress, anxiety, and motor behavior. Our findings reveal neurophysiological pathways, behavioral outcomes, and potential therapeutic targets, emphasizing the intricate connections between neurobiological mechanisms, environmental factors, and motor performance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Athaydes Martins
- Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS). Graduate Program in Biomedical Gerontology, Av. Ipiranga, 6681, Porto Alegre, Brazil; Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS). Neuroscience, Motor Behavior, and Rehabilitation Research Group (NECORE-CNPq), Av. Ipiranga, 6681, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Aniuska Schiavo
- Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS). Graduate Program in Biomedical Gerontology, Av. Ipiranga, 6681, Porto Alegre, Brazil; Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS). Neuroscience, Motor Behavior, and Rehabilitation Research Group (NECORE-CNPq), Av. Ipiranga, 6681, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Lisiê Valéria Paz
- Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS). Graduate Program in Cellular and Molecular Biology, Av. Ipiranga, 6681, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Léder Leal Xavier
- Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS). Neuroscience, Motor Behavior, and Rehabilitation Research Group (NECORE-CNPq), Av. Ipiranga, 6681, Porto Alegre, Brazil; Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS). Graduate Program in Cellular and Molecular Biology, Av. Ipiranga, 6681, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Régis Gemerasca Mestriner
- Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS). Graduate Program in Biomedical Gerontology, Av. Ipiranga, 6681, Porto Alegre, Brazil; Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS). Neuroscience, Motor Behavior, and Rehabilitation Research Group (NECORE-CNPq), Av. Ipiranga, 6681, Porto Alegre, Brazil; Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS). Graduate Program in Cellular and Molecular Biology, Av. Ipiranga, 6681, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Roussin L, Gry E, Macaron M, Ribes S, Monnoye M, Douard V, Naudon L, Rabot S. Microbiota influence on behavior: Integrative analysis of serotonin metabolism and behavioral profile in germ-free mice. FASEB J 2024; 38:e23648. [PMID: 38822661 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202400334r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Revised: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/03/2024]
Abstract
Previous studies on germ-free (GF) animals have described altered anxiety-like and social behaviors together with dysregulations in brain serotonin (5-HT) metabolism. Alterations in circulating 5-HT levels and gut 5-HT metabolism have also been reported in GF mice. In this study, we conducted an integrative analysis of various behaviors as well as markers of 5-HT metabolism in the brain and along the GI tract of GF male mice compared with conventional (CV) ones. We found a strong decrease in locomotor activity, accompanied by some signs of increased anxiety-like behavior in GF mice compared with CV mice. Brain gene expression analysis showed no differences in HTR1A and TPH2 genes. In the gut, we found decreased TPH1 expression in the colon of GF mice, while it was increased in the cecum. HTR1A expression was dramatically decreased in the colon, while HTR4 expression was increased both in the cecum and colon of GF mice compared with CV mice. Finally, SLC6A4 expression was increased in the ileum and colon of GF mice compared with CV mice. Our results add to the evidence that the microbiota is involved in regulation of behavior, although heterogeneity among studies suggests a strong impact of genetic and environmental factors on this microbiota-mediated regulation. While no impact of GF status on brain 5-HT was observed, substantial differences in gut 5-HT metabolism were noted, with tissue-dependent results indicating a varying role of microbiota along the GI tract.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Léa Roussin
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Micalis Institute, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Elisa Gry
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Micalis Institute, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Mira Macaron
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Micalis Institute, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Sandy Ribes
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Micalis Institute, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Magali Monnoye
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Micalis Institute, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Véronique Douard
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Micalis Institute, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Laurent Naudon
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, CNRS, Micalis Institute, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Sylvie Rabot
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Micalis Institute, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Higa GSV, Viana FJC, Francis-Oliveira J, Cruvinel E, Franchin TS, Marcourakis T, Ulrich H, De Pasquale R. Serotonergic neuromodulation of synaptic plasticity. Neuropharmacology 2024; 257:110036. [PMID: 38876308 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2024.110036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Revised: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/16/2024]
Abstract
Synaptic plasticity constitutes a fundamental process in the reorganization of neural networks that underlie memory, cognition, emotional responses, and behavioral planning. At the core of this phenomenon lie Hebbian mechanisms, wherein frequent synaptic stimulation induces long-term potentiation (LTP), while less activation leads to long-term depression (LTD). The synaptic reorganization of neuronal networks is regulated by serotonin (5-HT), a neuromodulator capable of modify synaptic plasticity to appropriately respond to mental and behavioral states, such as alertness, attention, concentration, motivation, and mood. Lately, understanding the serotonergic Neuromodulation of synaptic plasticity has become imperative for unraveling its impact on cognitive, emotional, and behavioral functions. Through a comparative analysis across three main forebrain structures-the hippocampus, amygdala, and prefrontal cortex, this review discusses the actions of 5-HT on synaptic plasticity, offering insights into its role as a neuromodulator involved in emotional and cognitive functions. By distinguishing between plastic and metaplastic effects, we provide a comprehensive overview about the mechanisms of 5-HT neuromodulation of synaptic plasticity and associated functions across different brain regions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guilherme Shigueto Vilar Higa
- Laboratório de Neurofisiologia, Departamento de Fisiologia e Biofísica, Universidade de São Paulo, Butantã, São Paulo, SP, 05508-000, Brazil; Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química (USP), Butantã, São Paulo, SP, 05508-900, Brazil
| | - Felipe José Costa Viana
- Laboratório de Neurofisiologia, Departamento de Fisiologia e Biofísica, Universidade de São Paulo, Butantã, São Paulo, SP, 05508-000, Brazil
| | - José Francis-Oliveira
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurobiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35233, USA
| | - Emily Cruvinel
- Laboratório de Neurofisiologia, Departamento de Fisiologia e Biofísica, Universidade de São Paulo, Butantã, São Paulo, SP, 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Thainá Soares Franchin
- Laboratório de Neurofisiologia, Departamento de Fisiologia e Biofísica, Universidade de São Paulo, Butantã, São Paulo, SP, 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Tania Marcourakis
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade de São Paulo, Butantã, São Paulo, SP, 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Henning Ulrich
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química (USP), Butantã, São Paulo, SP, 05508-900, Brazil
| | - Roberto De Pasquale
- Laboratório de Neurofisiologia, Departamento de Fisiologia e Biofísica, Universidade de São Paulo, Butantã, São Paulo, SP, 05508-000, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Han J, Ho TW, Stine JM, Overton SN, Herberholz J, Ghodssi R. Simultaneous Dopamine and Serotonin Monitoring in Freely Moving Crayfish Using a Wireless Electrochemical Sensing System. ACS Sens 2024; 9:2346-2355. [PMID: 38713172 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.3c02304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
Dopamine (DA) and serotonin (5-HT) are neurotransmitters that regulate a wide range of physiological and behavioral processes. Monitoring of both neurotransmitters with real-time analysis offers important insight into the mechanisms that shape animal behavior. However, bioelectronic tools to simultaneously monitor DA and 5-HT interactive dynamics in freely moving animals are underdeveloped. This is mainly due to the limited sensor sensitivity with miniaturized electronics. Here, we present a semi-implantable electrochemical device achieved by integrating a multi-surface-modified carbon fiber microelectrode with a miniaturized potentiostat module to detect DA and 5-HT in vivo with high sensitivity and selectivity. Specifically, carbon fiber microelectrodes were modified through electrochemical treatment and surface coatings to improve sensitivity, selectivity, and antifouling properties. A customized, lightweight potentiostat module was developed for untethered electrochemical measurements. Integrated with the microelectrode, the microsystem is compact (2.8 × 2.3 × 2.1 cm) to minimize its impacts on animal behavior and achieved simultaneous detection of DA and 5-HT with sensitivities of 48.4 and 133.0 nA/μM, respectively, within submicromolar ranges. The system was attached to the crayfish dorsal carapace, allowing electrode implantation into the heart of a crayfish to monitor DA and 5-HT dynamics, followed by drug injections. The semi-implantable biosensor system displayed a significant increase in oxidation peak currents after DA and 5-HT injections. The device successfully demonstrated the application for in vivo simultaneous monitoring of DA and 5-HT in the hemolymph (i.e., blood) of freely behaving crayfish underwater, yielding a valuable experimental tool to expand our understanding of the comodulation of DA and 5-HT.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jinjing Han
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
- Institute for Systems Research, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
- Robert E. Fischell Institute for Biomedical Devices, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
| | - Ta-Wen Ho
- Department of Psychology, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
- Program in Neuroscience and Cognitive Science, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
| | - Justin M Stine
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
- Institute for Systems Research, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
- Robert E. Fischell Institute for Biomedical Devices, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
| | - Sydney N Overton
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
- Institute for Systems Research, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
- Robert E. Fischell Institute for Biomedical Devices, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
| | - Jens Herberholz
- Department of Psychology, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
- Program in Neuroscience and Cognitive Science, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
| | - Reza Ghodssi
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
- Institute for Systems Research, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
- Robert E. Fischell Institute for Biomedical Devices, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Koloski MF, Terry A, Lee N, Ramanathan DS. Methylphenidate, but not citalopram, decreases impulsive choice in rats performing a temporal discounting task. Front Psychiatry 2024; 15:1385502. [PMID: 38779546 PMCID: PMC11109432 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1385502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Drugs targeting monoamine systems remain the most common treatment for disorders with impulse control impairments. There is a body of literature suggesting that drugs affecting serotonin reuptake and dopamine reuptake can modulate distinct aspects of impulsivity - though such tests are often performed using distinct behavioral tasks prohibiting easy comparisons. Methods Here, we directly compare pharmacologic agents that affect dopamine (methylphenidate) vs serotonin (citalopram) manipulations on choice impulsivity in a temporal discounting task where rats could choose between a small, immediate reward or a large reward delayed at either 2 or 10s. In control conditions, rats preferred the large reward at a small (2s) delay and discounted the large reward at a long (10s) delay. Results Methylphenidate, a dopamine transport inhibitor that blocks reuptake of dopamine, dose-dependently increased large reward preference in the long delay (10s) block. Citalopram, a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor, had no effect on temporal discounting behavior. Impulsive behavior on the temporal discounting task was at least partially mediated by the nucleus accumbens shell. Bilateral lesions to the nucleus accumbens shell reduced choice impulsivity during the long delay (10s) block. Following lesions, methylphenidate did not impact impulsivity. Discussion Our results suggest that striatal dopaminergic systems modulate choice impulsivity via actions within the nucleus accumbens shell, whereas serotonin systems may regulate different aspects of behavioral inhibition/impulsivity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Miranda F. Koloski
- Mental Health, VA San Diego Medical Center, San Diego, CA, United States
- Center of Excellence for Stress and Mental Health, VA San Diego Medical Center, San Diego, CA, United States
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California-San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Alyssa Terry
- Mental Health, VA San Diego Medical Center, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Noelle Lee
- Mental Health, VA San Diego Medical Center, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Dhakshin S. Ramanathan
- Mental Health, VA San Diego Medical Center, San Diego, CA, United States
- Center of Excellence for Stress and Mental Health, VA San Diego Medical Center, San Diego, CA, United States
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California-San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
de Noronha SISR, de Moraes LAG, Hassell JE, Stamper CE, Arnold MR, Heinze JD, Foxx CL, Lieb MM, Cler KE, Karns BL, Jaekel S, Loupy KM, Silva FCS, Chianca-Jr DA, Lowry CA, de Menezes RC. High-fat diet, microbiome-gut-brain axis signaling, and anxiety-like behavior in male rats. Biol Res 2024; 57:23. [PMID: 38705984 PMCID: PMC11071217 DOI: 10.1186/s40659-024-00505-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Obesity, associated with the intake of a high-fat diet (HFD), and anxiety are common among those living in modern urban societies. Recent studies suggest a role of microbiome-gut-brain axis signaling, including a role for brain serotonergic systems in the relationship between HFD and anxiety. Evidence suggests the gut microbiome and the serotonergic brain system together may play an important role in this response. Here we conducted a nine-week HFD protocol in male rats, followed by an analysis of the gut microbiome diversity and community composition, brainstem serotonergic gene expression (tph2, htr1a, and slc6a4), and anxiety-related defensive behavioral responses. We show that HFD intake decreased alpha diversity and altered the community composition of the gut microbiome in association with obesity, increased brainstem tph2, htr1a and slc6a4 mRNA expression, including in the caudal part of the dorsomedial dorsal raphe nucleus (cDRD), a subregion previously associated with stress- and anxiety-related behavioral responses, and, finally, increased anxiety-related defensive behavioral responses. The HFD increased the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio relative to control diet, as well as higher relative abundances of Blautia, and decreases in Prevotella. We found that tph2, htr1a and slc6a4 mRNA expression were increased in subregions of the dorsal raphe nucleus in the HFD, relative to control diet. Specific bacterial taxa were associated with increased serotonergic gene expression in the cDRD. Thus, we propose that HFD-induced obesity is associated with altered microbiome-gut-serotonergic brain axis signaling, leading to increased anxiety-related defensive behavioral responses in rats.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sylvana I S Rendeiro de Noronha
- Department of Biological Sciences, Laboratory of Cardiovascular Physiology, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, MG, 35400-000, Brazil
- Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, 80309, USA
| | - Lauro Angelo Gonçalves de Moraes
- Department of Biological Sciences, Laboratory of Cardiovascular Physiology, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, MG, 35400-000, Brazil
- Computing Department, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, MG, 35400-000, Brazil
| | - James E Hassell
- Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, 80309, USA
| | - Christopher E Stamper
- Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, 80309, USA
| | - Mathew R Arnold
- Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, 80309, USA
| | - Jared D Heinze
- Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, 80309, USA
| | - Christine L Foxx
- Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, 80309, USA
| | - Margaret M Lieb
- Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, 80309, USA
| | - Kristin E Cler
- Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, 80309, USA
| | - Bree L Karns
- Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, 80309, USA
| | - Sophia Jaekel
- Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, 80309, USA
| | - Kelsey M Loupy
- Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, 80309, USA
| | - Fernanda C S Silva
- Department of Biological Sciences, Laboratory of Cardiovascular Physiology, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, MG, 35400-000, Brazil
| | - Deoclécio Alves Chianca-Jr
- Department of Biological Sciences, Laboratory of Cardiovascular Physiology, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, MG, 35400-000, Brazil
| | - Christopher A Lowry
- Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, 80309, USA
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, 80309, USA
- Center for Neuroscience, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, 80309, USA
| | - Rodrigo Cunha de Menezes
- Department of Biological Science Laboratory of Cardiovascular Physiology, Campus Morro do Cruzeiro s/n, Ouro Preto, 35400-000, MG, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Pszczolkowski VL, Connelly MK, Hoppman A, Benn AD, Laporta J, Hernandez LL, Arriola Apelo SI. Intravenous infusion of 5-hydroxytryptophan to mid-lactation Holstein cows transiently affects milk production and circulating amino acid concentrations. J Dairy Sci 2024; 107:3306-3318. [PMID: 38101740 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2023-23934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
In dairy cows, the lactating mammary glands synthesize serotonin, which acts in an autocrine-paracrine manner in the glands and is secreted into the periphery. Serotonin signaling during lactation modulates nutrient metabolism in peripheral tissues such as adipose and liver. We hypothesized that the elevation of circulating serotonin during lactation would increase nutrient partitioning to the mammary glands, thereby promoting milk production. Our objective was to elevate circulating serotonin via intravenous infusion of the serotonin precursor 5-hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP) to determine its effects on mammary supply and extraction efficiency of AA, and milk components production. Twenty-two multiparous mid-lactation Holstein cows were intravenously infused with 5-HTP (1 mg/kg body weight) or saline, in a crossover design with two 21-d periods. Treatments were infused via jugular catheters for 1 h/d, on d 1 to 3, 8 to 10, and 15 to 17 of each period, to maintain consistent elevation of peripheral serotonin throughout the period. Milk and blood samples were collected in the last 96 h of each period. Whole-blood serotonin concentration was elevated above saline control for 96 h after the last 5-HTP infusion. Dry matter intake was decreased for cows receiving 5-HTP, and on average they lost body weight over the 21-d period, in contrast to saline cows who gained body weight. Milk production and milk protein yield were lower in cows receiving 5-HTP during the 3 infusion days, but both recovered to saline cow yields in the days after. Although milk fat yield exhibited a day-by-treatment interaction, no significant difference occurred on any given day. Milk urea nitrogen concentration was lower in 5-HTP cows on the days following the end of infusions, but not different from saline cows on infusion days. Meanwhile, plasma urea nitrogen was not affected by 5-HTP infusion. Circulating concentrations of AA were overall transiently decreased by 5-HTP, with concentrations mostly returning to baseline within 7 h after the end of 5-HTP infusion. Mammary extraction efficiency of AA was unaffected by 5-HTP infusion. Overall, both lactation performance and circulating AA were transiently reduced in cows infused with 5-HTP, despite sustained elevation of circulating serotonin concentration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Virginia L Pszczolkowski
- Department of Animal and Dairy Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706; Endocrinology and Reproductive Physiology Graduate Training Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706
| | - Meghan K Connelly
- Department of Animal and Dairy Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706
| | - August Hoppman
- Department of Animal and Dairy Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706
| | - Amara D Benn
- Department of Animal and Dairy Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706
| | - Jimena Laporta
- Department of Animal and Dairy Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706; Endocrinology and Reproductive Physiology Graduate Training Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706
| | - Laura L Hernandez
- Department of Animal and Dairy Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706; Endocrinology and Reproductive Physiology Graduate Training Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706
| | - Sebastian I Arriola Apelo
- Department of Animal and Dairy Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706; Endocrinology and Reproductive Physiology Graduate Training Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Bergman MM, Schober JM, Oluwagbenga EM, Frey D, Parnin H, Fraley GS. Preening cups in duck housing are associated with an increase in central dopamine activity that suggests a negative affective state. Poult Sci 2024; 103:103588. [PMID: 38479100 PMCID: PMC11067768 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2024.103588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Preening cups are a form of environmental enrichment that provides Pekin ducks a semi-open water source to express their natural behaviors. We recently observed that preening cups may increase feather pecking behaviors in ducks. Thus, we set out to determine if this form of enrichment can impact the affective state of Pekin ducks. To accomplish this goal, we evaluated the effect of preening cups on serotonin (5-HT) and dopamine (DA) turnover via mass spectrometry and their respective synthetic enzyme gene expression via qRT-PCR. Our study investigated the link between aggressive pecking with levels and activity of brain 5-HT and DA. Brain 5-HT and DA levels and activity have been established for decades to be associated with affective states. Grow-out Pekin ducks (n = 260) were housed at Purdue and raised per industry standards. On day 18, brains were collected from ducks in pens before preening cups were placed (PRE, n = 6) and, again on day 43, in pens with (PC, n = 6) and without (CON, n = 6) preening cups. Brains were dissected into right and left halves, then further microdissected into 4 brain areas: caudal mesencephalon (CM), rostral mesencephalon (RM), diencephalon (DI), and forebrain (FB). The right hemisphere was used for mass spectrometry to determine the neurotransmitter concentration (ng/mg of tissue) and those concentrations were applied to neurotransmitter turnover equations. There were no differences across treatments for 5-HT turnover in any brain area. There were differences in DA turnover across age (P = 0.0067) in the CM and across treatments (P = 0.003) in the RM. The left hemisphere of the brain was used to perform qRT-PCR on the genes of 5-HT and DA production enzymes. Within the CM, day 43 duck brains had increased (P = 0.022) tryptophan hydroxylase and tyrosine hydroxylase relative mRNA levels. All other brain areas showed no differences. Our data suggest that ducks housed with preening cups and that showed increased feather pecking are associated with increased brain DA activity. The increased DA in the brain may lead to a predisposition for increased aggression in the form of feather pecking.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M M Bergman
- Animal Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907 USA
| | - J M Schober
- Animal Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907 USA
| | - E M Oluwagbenga
- Animal Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907 USA
| | - D Frey
- Culver Duck Farms, Inc., Middlebury, IN 46540, USA
| | - H Parnin
- Culver Duck Farms, Inc., Middlebury, IN 46540, USA
| | - G S Fraley
- Animal Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Illera JC, Jimenez-Blanco F, Centenera L, Gil-Cabrera F, Crespo B, Lopez PR, Silvan G, Caceres S. Addressing Combative Behaviour in Spanish Bulls by Measuring Hormonal Indicators. Vet Sci 2024; 11:182. [PMID: 38668449 PMCID: PMC11053816 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci11040182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024] Open
Abstract
The fighting bull is characterised by its natural aggressiveness, but the physiological mechanisms that underlie its aggressive behaviour are poorly studied. This study determines the hormonal component of aggressiveness in fighting bulls by analysing their behaviour during a fight and correlating it to their serotonin, dopamine and testosterone levels. We also determine whether aggressive behaviour can be estimated in calves. Using 195 animals, samples were obtained when the animals were calves and after 5 years. Aggressiveness scores were obtained by an observational method during bullfights, and serotonin, dopamine and testosterone levels were determined in all animals using validated enzyme immunoassay kits. The results revealed a strong correlation of serotonin and dopamine levels with aggressiveness scores in bulls during fights, but no correlation was found with respect to testosterone. These correlations led to established cut-off point and linear regression curves to obtain expected aggressiveness scores for calves at shoeing. There were no significant differences between the expected scores obtained in calves and the observed scores in bulls. Therefore, this study demonstrates that hormone determination in calves may be a great indicator of combativeness in bulls and can reliably be used in the selection of fighting bulls.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Gema Silvan
- Department Animal Physiology, Veterinary Medicine School, Complutense University of Madrid (UCM), 28040 Madrid, Spain; (J.C.I.); (F.J.-B.); (L.C.); (F.G.-C.); (B.C.); (P.R.L.); (S.C.)
| | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Zou Z, Fan W, Liu H, Liu Q, He H, Huang F. The roles of 5-HT in orofacial pain. Oral Dis 2024. [PMID: 38622872 DOI: 10.1111/odi.14960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 03/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Acute and chronic orofacial pain are very common and remain a vexing health problem that has a negative effect on the quality of life. Serotonin (5-HydroxyTryptamine, 5-HT) is a kind of monoamine neurotransmitter that is involved in many physiological and pathological processes. However, its role in orofacial pain remains inconclusive. Therefore, this review aims to summarize the recent advances in understanding the effect exerted by 5-HT on the modulation of orofacial pain. SUBJECTS AND METHODS An extensive search was conducted on PubMed and Web of Science for pertinent studies focusing on the effects of 5-HT on the modulation of orofacial pain. RESULTS In this review, we concisely review how 5-HT mediates orofacial pain, how 5-HT is regulated and how we can translate these findings into clinical applications for the prevention and/or treatment of orofacial pain. CONCLUSIONS 5-HT plays a key role in the modulation of orofacial pain, implying that 5-HT modulators may serve as effective treatment for orofacial pain. However, further research on the precise mechanisms underlying the modulation of orofacial pain is still warranted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhishan Zou
- Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, China
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenguo Fan
- Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, China
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haotian Liu
- Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qing Liu
- Paediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China
| | - Hongwen He
- Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, China
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fang Huang
- Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, China
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Farias CP, Leite AKO, Schmidt BE, de Carvalho Myskiw J, Wyse ATS. The 5-HT2A, 5-HT5A, and 5-HT6 serotonergic receptors in the medial prefrontal cortex behave differently in extinction learning: Does social support play a role? Behav Brain Res 2024; 463:114922. [PMID: 38408524 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2024.114922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
Studies on the social modulation of fear have revealed that in social species, individuals in a distressed state show better recovery from aversive experiences when accompanied - referred to as social buffering. However, the underlying mechanisms remain unknown, hindering the understanding of such an approach. Our previous data showed that the presence of a conspecific during the extinction task inhibited the retrieval of fear memory without affecting the extinction memory in the retention test. Here, we investigate the role of serotonergic receptors (5-HTRs), specifically 5-HT2A, 5-HT5A, and 5-HT6 in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), In the retention of extinction after the extinction task, in the absence or presence of social support. Extinction training was conducted on 60-day-old male Wistar rats either alone or with a conspecific (a familiar cagemate, non-fearful). The antagonists for these receptors were administered directly into the mPFC immediately after the extinction training. The results indicate that blocking 5-HT5A (SB-699551-10 μg/side) and 5-HT6 (SB-271046A - 10 μg/side) receptors in the mPFC impairs the consolidation of CFC in the social support group. Interestingly, blocking 5-HT2A receptors (R65777 - 4 μg/side) in the mPFC led to impaired CFC specifically in the group undergoing extinction training alone. These findings contribute to a better understanding of brain mechanisms and neuromodulation associated with social support during an extinction protocol. They are consistent with previously published research, suggesting that the extinction of contextual fear conditioning with social support involves distinct neuromodulatory processes compared to when extinction training is conducted alone.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Clarissa Penha Farias
- Graduate Program in Translational Neuroscience, PGNET, National Institute of Translational Neuroscience, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil; Neuroprotection and Neurometabolic Diseases Laboratory (Wyse´s Lab), Brazil
| | - Ana Karla Oliveira Leite
- Graduate Program in Translational Neuroscience, PGNET, National Institute of Translational Neuroscience, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil; Neuroprotection and Neurometabolic Diseases Laboratory (Wyse´s Lab), Brazil
| | - Bianca Estefani Schmidt
- Graduate Program in Translational Neuroscience, PGNET, National Institute of Translational Neuroscience, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil; Neuroprotection and Neurometabolic Diseases Laboratory (Wyse´s Lab), Brazil
| | - Jociane de Carvalho Myskiw
- Memory Center, Brain Institute of Rio Grande do Sul, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Brazil
| | - Angela T S Wyse
- Graduate Program in Translational Neuroscience, PGNET, National Institute of Translational Neuroscience, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil; Neuroprotection and Neurometabolic Diseases Laboratory (Wyse´s Lab), Brazil; Graduate Program in Biological Sciences: Biochemistry, Department of Biochemistry, ICBS, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Mitsui K, Takahashi A. Aggression modulator: Understanding the multifaceted role of the dorsal raphe nucleus. Bioessays 2024; 46:e2300213. [PMID: 38314963 DOI: 10.1002/bies.202300213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
Aggressive behavior is instinctively driven behavior that helps animals to survive and reproduce and is closely related to multiple behavioral and physiological processes. The dorsal raphe nucleus (DRN) is an evolutionarily conserved midbrain structure that regulates aggressive behavior by integrating diverse brain inputs. The DRN consists predominantly of serotonergic (5-HT:5-hydroxytryptamine) neurons and decreased 5-HT activity was classically thought to increase aggression. However, recent studies challenge this 5-HT deficiency model, revealing a more complex role for the DRN 5-HT system in aggression. Furthermore, emerging evidence has shown that non-5-HT populations in the DRN and specific neural circuits contribute to the escalation of aggressive behavior. This review argues that the DRN serves as a multifaceted modulator of aggression, acting not only via 5-HT but also via other neurotransmitters and neural pathways, as well as different subsets of 5-HT neurons. In addition, we discuss the contribution of DRN neurons in the behavioral and physiological aspects implicated in aggressive behavior, such as arousal, reward, and impulsivity, to further our understanding of DRN-mediated aggression modulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Koshiro Mitsui
- Laboratory of Behavioral Neurobiology, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
- Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Aki Takahashi
- Laboratory of Behavioral Neurobiology, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
- Institute of Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Pan J, Lu D, Yu L, Ye Z, Duan H, Narbad A, Zhao J, Zhai Q, Tian F, Chen W. Nonylphenol induces depressive behavior in rats and affects gut microbiota: A dose-dependent effect. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 344:123357. [PMID: 38228262 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.123357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2024] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
Nonylphenol (NP), an endocrine disruptor absorbed through food intake, was investigated in this study for its potential dose-response relationship with the manifestation of depression-like behavior in rats. Based on this, the mechanisms of NP-induced depressive behavior, encompassing neurotransmitters, gut barrier function, inflammatory response, gut microbiota composition and metabolites were further explored. At medium and high NP doses, both mRNA and protein levels of zonula occludens protein-1 and claudin-1 were considerably downregulated, concomitant with an elevation in tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin-1β expression in a dose-dependent effect, resulting in damage to the gut mucosa. Despite a minimal impact on behavior and gut barriers at low NP doses, alterations in gut microbiota composition were observed. During NP exposure, dose-dependent changes in the gut microbiota revealed a decline in microbial diversity linked to the synthesis of short-chain fatty acids. NP not only adversely affected the gut microbiota structure but also exacerbated central nervous system damage through the gut-brain axis. The accumulation of NP may cause neurotransmitter disturbances and inflammatory responses in the hippocampus, which also exacerbate depressed behavior in rats. Therefore, NP could exacerbate the inflammatory response in the hippocampus and colon by compromising intestinal barrier integrity, facilitating the proliferation of pathogenic bacteria, impairing butyrate metabolism, and perturbing neurotransmitter homeostasis, thus aggravating the depressive behavior of rats. It is noteworthy that the changes in these indicators were related to the NP exposure dose.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiani Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China
| | - Dezhi Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China
| | - Leilei Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China; International Joint Research Laboratory for Probiotics at Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China.
| | - Zi Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China
| | - Hui Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China
| | - Arjan Narbad
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Probiotics at Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China; Gut Health and Microbiome Institute Strategic Programme, Quadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich, 16 NR4 7UQ, UK
| | - Jianxin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China; International Joint Research Laboratory for Probiotics at Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China
| | - Qixiao Zhai
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China; International Joint Research Laboratory for Probiotics at Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China
| | - Fengwei Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China; International Joint Research Laboratory for Probiotics at Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China
| | - Wei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China; International Joint Research Laboratory for Probiotics at Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China; National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Flanigan ME, Gianessi C, Castle M, Dorlean W, Sides T, Kash TL. Bed Nucleus of the Stria Terminalis (BNST) neurons containing the serotonin 5HT 2c receptor modulate operant alcohol self-administration behavior in mice. Neuropsychopharmacology 2024; 49:709-719. [PMID: 37884740 PMCID: PMC10876660 DOI: 10.1038/s41386-023-01753-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
The serotonin 5HT2c receptor has been widely implicated in the pathophysiology of alcohol use disorder (AUD), particularly alcohol seeking and the affective consequences of chronic alcohol consumption. However, little is known about the brain sites in which 5HT2c exerts its effects on specific alcohol-related behaviors, especially in females. Here, we investigated the effects of site-specific manipulation of the 5HT2c receptor system in the BNST on operant alcohol self-administration behaviors in adult mice of both sexes, including the acquisition and maintenance of fixed-ratio responding, motivation for alcohol (progressive ratio), and quinine-adulterated responding for alcohol on a fixed-ratio schedule (punished alcohol seeking). Knockdown of 5HT2c in the BNST did not affect the acquisition or maintenance of operant alcohol self-administration, nor did it affect progressive ratio responding for alcohol. This manipulation had only a subtle effect on responding for quinine alcohol selectively in females. On the other hand, chemogenetic inhibition of BNST 5HT2c-containing neurons (BNST5HT2c) increased operant alcohol self-administration behavior in both sexes on day 2, but not day 9, of testing. It also increased operant responding for 1000 μM quinine-adulterated alcohol selectively in males. Importantly, chemogenetic inhibition of BNST5HT2c did not alter operant sucrose responding or motivation for sucrose in either sex. We then performed cell-type specific anterograde tracing, which revealed that BNST5HT2c project to similar regions in males and females, many of which have been previously implicated in AUD. We next used chemogenetics and quantification of the immediate early gene cFos to characterize the functional influence of BNST5HT2c inhibition on vlPAG activity. We show that chemogenetic inhibition of BNST5HT2c reduces vlPAG cFos in both sexes, but that this reduction is more robust in males. Together these findings suggest that BNST5HT2c neurons, and to a small extent the BNST 5HT2c receptor, serve to promote aversive responses to alcohol consumption, potentially through sex-dependent disinhibition of vlPAG neurons.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meghan E Flanigan
- Bowles Center for Alcohol Studies, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Carol Gianessi
- Bowles Center for Alcohol Studies, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Megan Castle
- Bowles Center for Alcohol Studies, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Winifred Dorlean
- Bowles Center for Alcohol Studies, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Tori Sides
- Bowles Center for Alcohol Studies, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Thomas L Kash
- Bowles Center for Alcohol Studies, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Wu X, Khan I, Ai X, Zhang J, Shi H, Li D, Hong M. Effects of butyl paraben on behavior and molecular mechanism of Chinese striped-necked turtle (Mauremys sinensis). AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2024; 268:106841. [PMID: 38320419 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2024.106841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
Butyl paraben (BuP) is widely used in cosmetics, drugs, and food preservation. Recently it is an identified new pollutant that affects various aspects of reproduction, lipid metabolism, and nervous system. Behavioral activity serves as a pre-warning biomarker for predicting water quality. So, in this study, the changes in some behaviors and its neurotransmitters and cell apoptosis in the brain of Chinese striped-necked turtles (Mauremys sinensis) were studied when the turtles were exposed to BuP concentrations of 0, 5, 50, 500, and 5000 µg/L for 21 weeks. The results showed that, the basking time and altering scores to external stimuli in the groups of 50, 500, and 5000 µg/L were significantly reduced, while the time for body-righting was significantly increased, compared with the control (0 µg/L), indicating that the turtles exhibited depression and inactive behavior. The analysis of neurotransmitter in the brain showed that 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) contents in the groups of 500 and 5000 µg/L were significantly higher than the other groups, which was due to an increase in the mRNA relative expression levels of the 5-HT receptor gene (5-HTR), neurotransmitter transporter genes (Drd4, Slc6a4), and neurotransmitter synthase tryptophan hydroxylase (TPH). Furthermore, GABA transaminase (GABA-T) activity increased in the 500 and 5000 µg/L groups, and tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) activity increased dramatically in the 5000 µg/L group. However, acetyl-CoA (AChE) activity was significantly reduced in these four BuP exposure groups. These changes could be attributed to decreased movement velocity and increased inactivity. Meanwhile, the mRNA expression level of BAX, Bcl-2, caspase-9 and TUNEL assay indicated the occurrence of cell apoptosis in the brains of the higher BuP exposed groups, which may play an important role in neuronal death inducing behavior change. In summary, these findings offer fundamental insights into turtle ecotoxicology and serve as a foundation for a comprehensive assessment of the ecological and health risks associated with BuP.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xia Wu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Ecology of Tropical Islands, Key Laboratory of Tropical Animal and Plant Ecology of Hainan Province, College of Life Sciences, Hainan Normal University, No. 99 South Longkun Road, Haikou, Hainan, PR China
| | - Ijaz Khan
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Ecology of Tropical Islands, Key Laboratory of Tropical Animal and Plant Ecology of Hainan Province, College of Life Sciences, Hainan Normal University, No. 99 South Longkun Road, Haikou, Hainan, PR China
| | - Xiaoqi Ai
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Ecology of Tropical Islands, Key Laboratory of Tropical Animal and Plant Ecology of Hainan Province, College of Life Sciences, Hainan Normal University, No. 99 South Longkun Road, Haikou, Hainan, PR China
| | - Jiliang Zhang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Ecology of Tropical Islands, Key Laboratory of Tropical Animal and Plant Ecology of Hainan Province, College of Life Sciences, Hainan Normal University, No. 99 South Longkun Road, Haikou, Hainan, PR China
| | - Haitao Shi
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Ecology of Tropical Islands, Key Laboratory of Tropical Animal and Plant Ecology of Hainan Province, College of Life Sciences, Hainan Normal University, No. 99 South Longkun Road, Haikou, Hainan, PR China
| | - Ding Li
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Ecology of Tropical Islands, Key Laboratory of Tropical Animal and Plant Ecology of Hainan Province, College of Life Sciences, Hainan Normal University, No. 99 South Longkun Road, Haikou, Hainan, PR China
| | - Meiling Hong
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Ecology of Tropical Islands, Key Laboratory of Tropical Animal and Plant Ecology of Hainan Province, College of Life Sciences, Hainan Normal University, No. 99 South Longkun Road, Haikou, Hainan, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Tea M, Pan YK, Lister JGR, Perry SF, Gilmour KM. Effects of serta and sertb knockout on aggression in zebrafish (Danio rerio). J Comp Physiol A Neuroethol Sens Neural Behav Physiol 2024:10.1007/s00359-024-01693-7. [PMID: 38416162 DOI: 10.1007/s00359-024-01693-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
Zebrafish (Danio rerio) are unusual in having two paralogues of the serotonin re-uptake transporter (Sert), slc6a4a (serta) and slc6a4b (sertb), the transporter that serves in serotonin re-uptake from a synapse into the pre-synaptic cell or in serotonin uptake from the extracellular milieu into cells in the peripheral tissues. To address a knowledge gap concerning the specific roles of these paralogues, we used CRISPR/Cas9 technology to generate zebrafish knockout lines predicted to lack functional expression of Serta or Sertb. The consequences of loss-of-function of Serta or Sertb were assessed at the gene expression level, focusing on the serotonergic signalling pathway, and at the behaviour level, focusing on aggression. Whereas serta mRNA was expressed in all tissues examined, with high expression in the heart, gill and brain, only the brain displayed substantial sertb mRNA expression. In both serta-/- and sertb-/- fish, changes in transcript abundances of multiple components of the serotonin signalling pathway were detected, including proteins involved in serotonin synthesis (tph1a, tph1b, tph2, ddc), packaging (vmat2) and degradation (mao), and serotonin receptors (htr1aa, htr1ab). Using a mirror aggression test, serta-/- male but not female fish exhibited greater aggression than wildtype fish. However, both male and female sertb-/- fish displayed less aggression than their wildtype counterparts. These differences in behaviour between serta-/- and sertb-/- individuals hold promise for increasing our understanding of the neurophysiological basis of aggression in zebrafish.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Tea
- Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, 30 Marie Curie Pvt, Ottawa, ON, K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Yihang Kevin Pan
- Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, 30 Marie Curie Pvt, Ottawa, ON, K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Joshua G R Lister
- Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, 30 Marie Curie Pvt, Ottawa, ON, K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Steve F Perry
- Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, 30 Marie Curie Pvt, Ottawa, ON, K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Kathleen M Gilmour
- Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, 30 Marie Curie Pvt, Ottawa, ON, K1N 6N5, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Salahinejad A, Meuthen D, Attaran A, Niyogi S, Chivers DP, Ferrari MCO. Maternal exposure to bisphenol S reduces anxiety and impairs collective antipredator behavior of male zebrafish (Danio rerio) offspring through dysregulation of their serotonergic system. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2024; 267:106800. [PMID: 38183773 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2023.106800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 11/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/08/2024]
Abstract
Bisphenol S (BPS) is a common endocrine-disrupting chemical globally used in several consumer and industrial products. Although previous studies suggested that BPS induces multiple effects in exposed organisms, very little is known about its intergenerational effect on offspring behavior and/or the potential underlying mechanisms. To this end, adult female zebrafish Danio rerio were exposed to BPS (0, 10, 30 µg/L) and 1 µg/L of 17-β-estradiol (E2) as a positive control for 60 days. Afterwards, female fish were bred with untreated males, and their offspring were raised to 6 months old in control water. Maternal exposure to BPS decreased male offspring anxiety and antipredator behaviors while boldness remained unaffected. Specifically, maternal exposure to 10 and 30 µg/L BPS and 1 µg/L E2 were found to impact male offspring anxiety levels as they decreased the total time that individuals spent in the dark zone in the light/dark box test and increased the total track length in the center of the open field test. In addition, maternal exposure to all concentrations of BPS and E2 disrupted antipredator responses of male offspring by decreasing shoal cohesion in the presence of chemical alarm cues derived from conspecifics, which communicated high risk. To elucidate the possible molecular mechanism underlying these neuro-behavioral effects of BPS, we assessed the serotonergic system via changes in mRNA expression of serotonin receptors, including the 5-HT1A, 5-HT1B, and 5-HT1D subtypes, the serotonin transporter and monoamine oxidase (MAO). The impaired anxiety and antipredator responses were associated with reduced levels of 5-HT1A subtype and MAO mRNA expression within the brain of adult male offspring. Collectively, the results of this study demonstrate that maternal exposure to environmental concentrations of BPS can interfere with the serotonergic signaling pathway in the developing brain, subsequently leading to the onset of a suite of behavioral deficits in adult offspring.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arash Salahinejad
- Department of Biology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E2, Canada; Department of Veterinary Biomedical Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, 52 Campus Drive, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5B4, Canada.
| | - Denis Meuthen
- Evolutionary Biology, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld 33615, Germany
| | - Anoosha Attaran
- Robart Research Institute, The University of Western Ontario, London, ON N6A5K8, Canada
| | - Som Niyogi
- Department of Biology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E2, Canada; Toxicology Centre, University of Saskatchewan, 44 Campus Drive, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5B3, Canada
| | - Douglas P Chivers
- Department of Biology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E2, Canada
| | - Maud C O Ferrari
- Department of Biology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E2, Canada; Department of Veterinary Biomedical Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, 52 Campus Drive, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5B4, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Ye Z, Wei Y, Zhang G, Ge L, Wu C, Ren Y, Wang J, Xu X, Yang J, Wang T. Circadian rhythm regulation in the sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus: Insights into clock gene expression, photoperiod susceptibility, and neurohormone signaling. Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol 2024; 270:110930. [PMID: 38065309 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpb.2023.110930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 12/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
Sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus displays the typical circadian rhythms. This present study investigated the molecular regulation of clock genes, as well as monoamines and melatonin, in multiple tissues of A. japonicus, responding to the photoperiod. In order to determine their pivotal role in circadian rhythms, the crucial clock genes, namely AjClock, AjArnt1, AjCry1, and AjTimeless, were identified and a comprehensive analysis of their expressions across various tissues in adult A. japonicus was conducted, revealing the potential existence of central and peripheral oscillators. Results demonstrated that the tissues of polian vesicle and nerve ring exhibited significant clock gene expression associated with the orchestration of circadian regulation, and that environmental light fluctuations exerted influence on the expression of these clock genes. However, a number of genes, such as AjArnt1 and AjCry1, maintained their circadian rhythmicity even under continuous light conditions. Moreover, we further investigated the circadian patterns of melatonin (MT), serotonin (5-HT), and dopamine (DA) secretion in A. japonicus, data that underscored the tissue-specific regulatory differences and the inherent adaptability to dynamic light environments. Collectively, these findings will provide the molecular mechanisms controlling the circadian rhythm in echinoderms and the candidate tissues playing the role of central oscillators in sea cucumbers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqing Ye
- National Engineering Laboratory of Marine Germplasm Resources Exploration and Utilization, Marine Science College, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, Zhejiang 316022, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Wei
- National Engineering Laboratory of Marine Germplasm Resources Exploration and Utilization, Marine Science College, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, Zhejiang 316022, People's Republic of China
| | - Guangbo Zhang
- National Engineering Laboratory of Marine Germplasm Resources Exploration and Utilization, Marine Science College, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, Zhejiang 316022, People's Republic of China
| | - Lifei Ge
- National Engineering Laboratory of Marine Germplasm Resources Exploration and Utilization, Marine Science College, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, Zhejiang 316022, People's Republic of China
| | - Chenqian Wu
- National Engineering Laboratory of Marine Germplasm Resources Exploration and Utilization, Marine Science College, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, Zhejiang 316022, People's Republic of China
| | - Yucheng Ren
- National Engineering Laboratory of Marine Germplasm Resources Exploration and Utilization, Marine Science College, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, Zhejiang 316022, People's Republic of China
| | - Jixiu Wang
- National Engineering Laboratory of Marine Germplasm Resources Exploration and Utilization, Marine Science College, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, Zhejiang 316022, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiuwen Xu
- National Engineering Laboratory of Marine Germplasm Resources Exploration and Utilization, Marine Science College, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, Zhejiang 316022, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingwen Yang
- National Engineering Laboratory of Marine Germplasm Resources Exploration and Utilization, Marine Science College, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, Zhejiang 316022, People's Republic of China
| | - Tianming Wang
- National Engineering Laboratory of Marine Germplasm Resources Exploration and Utilization, Marine Science College, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, Zhejiang 316022, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Raman NV, Dubey A, van Donk E, von Elert E, Lürling M, Fernandes TV, de Senerpont Domis LN. Understanding the differential impacts of two antidepressants on locomotion of freshwater snails (Lymnaea stagnalis). ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:12406-12421. [PMID: 38233708 PMCID: PMC10869440 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-31914-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
There is growing evidence of negative impacts of antidepressants on behavior of aquatic non-target organisms. Accurate environmental risk assessment requires an understanding of whether antidepressants with similar modes of action have consistent negative impacts. Here, we tested the effect of acute exposure to two antidepressants, fluoxetine and venlafaxine (0-50 µg/L), on the behavior of non-target organism, i.e., freshwater pond snail, Lymnaea stagnalis. As compounds interact with chemical cues in the aquatic ecosystems, we also tested whether the effects altered in the presence of bile extract containing 5α-cyprinol sulfate (5α-CPS), a characterized kairomone of a natural predator, common carp (Cyprinus carpio). Behavior was studied using automated tracking and analysis of various locomotion parameters of L. stagnalis. Our results suggest that there are differences in the effects on locomotion upon exposure to venlafaxine and fluoxetine. We found strong evidence for a non-monotonic dose response on venlafaxine exposure, whereas fluoxetine only showed weak evidence of altered locomotion for a specific concentration. Combined exposure to compounds and 5α-CPS reduced the intensity of effects observed in the absence of 5α-CPS, possibly due to reduced bioavailability of the compounds. The results highlight the need for acknowledging different mechanisms of action among antidepressants while investigating their environmental risks. In addition, our results underline the importance of reporting non-significant effects and acknowledging individual variation in behavior for environmental risk assessment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nandini Vasantha Raman
- Department of Aquatic Ecology, Netherlands Institute of Ecology (NIOO-KNAW), Droevendaalsesteeg 10, 6708 PB, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Asmita Dubey
- Department of Aquatic Ecology, Netherlands Institute of Ecology (NIOO-KNAW), Droevendaalsesteeg 10, 6708 PB, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
- Department of Aquatic Ecology and Water Quality Management, Wageningen University & Research, P.O. Box 47, 6708 PB, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Ellen van Donk
- Department of Aquatic Ecology, Netherlands Institute of Ecology (NIOO-KNAW), Droevendaalsesteeg 10, 6708 PB, Wageningen, The Netherlands
- Department of Environmental Biology, University of Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Eric von Elert
- Aquatic Chemical Ecology, Biocenter, Institute of Zoology, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Miquel Lürling
- Department of Aquatic Ecology and Water Quality Management, Wageningen University & Research, P.O. Box 47, 6708 PB, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Tânia V Fernandes
- Department of Aquatic Ecology, Netherlands Institute of Ecology (NIOO-KNAW), Droevendaalsesteeg 10, 6708 PB, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Lisette N de Senerpont Domis
- Department of Aquatic Ecology, Netherlands Institute of Ecology (NIOO-KNAW), Droevendaalsesteeg 10, 6708 PB, Wageningen, The Netherlands
- Department of Aquatic Ecology and Water Quality Management, Wageningen University & Research, P.O. Box 47, 6708 PB, Wageningen, The Netherlands
- Department of Pervasive Systems, EEMCS, University of Twente & Department of Water Resources, ITC, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Sacoor C, Marugg JD, Lima NR, Empadinhas N, Montezinho L. Gut-Brain Axis Impact on Canine Anxiety Disorders: New Challenges for Behavioral Veterinary Medicine. Vet Med Int 2024; 2024:2856759. [PMID: 38292207 PMCID: PMC10827376 DOI: 10.1155/2024/2856759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Anxiety disorders in dogs are ever-growing and represent an important concern in the veterinary behavior field. These disorders are often disregarded in veterinary clinical practice, negatively impacting the animal's and owner's quality of life. Moreover, these anxiety disorders can potentially result in the abandonment or euthanasia of dogs. Growing evidence shows that the gut microbiota is a central player in the gut-brain axis. A variety of microorganisms inhabit the intestines of dogs, which are essential in maintaining intestinal homeostasis. These microbes can impact mental health through several mechanisms, including metabolic, neural, endocrine, and immune-mediated pathways. The disruption of a balanced composition of resident commensal communities, or dysbiosis, is implicated in several pathological conditions, including mental disorders such as anxiety. Studies carried out in rodent models and humans demonstrate that the intestinal microbiota can influence mental health through these mechanisms, including anxiety disorders. Furthermore, novel therapeutic strategies using prebiotics and probiotics have been shown to ameliorate anxiety-related symptoms. However, regarding the canine veterinary behavior field, there is still a lack of insightful research on this topic. In this review, we explore the few but relevant studies performed on canine anxiety disorders. We agree that innovative bacterial therapeutical approaches for canine anxiety disorders will become a promising field of investigation and certainly pave the way for new approaches to these behavioral conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carina Sacoor
- Vasco da Gama Research Center (CIVG), Vasco da Gama University School (EUVG), 3020–210 Coimbra, Portugal
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, School of Agrarian and Veterinary Sciences (ECAV), University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro (UTAD), 5000–801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - John D. Marugg
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology (CNC), University of Coimbra, 3004–504 Coimbra, Portugal
- Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, 3004–504 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Nuno R. Lima
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, School of Agrarian and Veterinary Sciences (ECAV), University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro (UTAD), 5000–801 Vila Real, Portugal
- Animal and Veterinary Research Centre (CECAV), UTAD, and Associate Laboratory for Animal and Veterinary Science (AL4AnimalS), 5000–801 Vila Real, Portugal
- Innovation in Health and Well-Being Research Unit (iHealth4Well-Being), Polytechnic Health Institute of North (IPSN-CESPU), 4585-116 Gandra, Portugal
| | - Nuno Empadinhas
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology (CNC), University of Coimbra, 3004–504 Coimbra, Portugal
- Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, 3004–504 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Liliana Montezinho
- Vasco da Gama Research Center (CIVG), Vasco da Gama University School (EUVG), 3020–210 Coimbra, Portugal
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology (CNC), University of Coimbra, 3004–504 Coimbra, Portugal
- Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, 3004–504 Coimbra, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Baranek E, Heraud C, Larroquet L, Surget A, Lanuque A, Terrier F, Skiba-Cassy S, Jérôme R. Long-term regulation of fat sensing in rainbow trout ( Oncorhynchus mykiss) fed a vegetable diet from the first feeding: focus on free fatty acid receptors and their signalling. Br J Nutr 2024; 131:1-16. [PMID: 37469170 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114523001599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
Taste plays a fundamental role in an animal’s ability to detect nutrients and transmits key dietary information to the brain, which is crucial for its growth and survival. Providing alternative terrestrial ingredients early in feeding influences the growth of rainbow trout (RT, Oncorhynchus mykiss). Thus, the present study aimed to assess the influence, via long-term feeding (from the first feeding to 8 months), of alternative plant ingredients (V diet for vegetable diet v. C diet for a control diet) in RT on the mechanism of fat sensing at the gustatory level. After the feeding trial, we studied the pathways of the fat-sensing mechanism in tongue tissue and the integrated response in the brain. To this end, we analysed the expression pattern of free fatty acid receptors (ffar) 1 and 2, markers of calcium-signalling pathways (phospholipase Cβ, Orai, Stim or Serca), the serotonin level (a key neurotransmitter in taste buds) and the expression pattern of appetite-regulating neuropeptides in the hypothalamus (central area of appetite regulation). The results revealed that the V diet modified the expression pattern of ffar1 and paralogs of ffar2 genes in tongue tissue, along with differential regulation of calcium-signalling pathways and a defect in serotonin level and brain turnover, without influencing neuropeptide expression. This study is the first to support that changes in feeding behaviour of RT fed a V diet could be due to the difference in nutrient sensing and a decrease in hedonic sensation. We revealed that RT have similar fat-detection mechanisms as mammals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elodie Baranek
- INRAE, Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour, E2S UPPA, UMR1419 Nutrition Metabolism and Aquaculture, Aquapôle, F-64310 Saint-Pée-sur-Nivelle, France
| | - Cécile Heraud
- INRAE, Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour, E2S UPPA, UMR1419 Nutrition Metabolism and Aquaculture, Aquapôle, F-64310 Saint-Pée-sur-Nivelle, France
| | - Laurence Larroquet
- INRAE, Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour, E2S UPPA, UMR1419 Nutrition Metabolism and Aquaculture, Aquapôle, F-64310 Saint-Pée-sur-Nivelle, France
| | - Anne Surget
- INRAE, Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour, E2S UPPA, UMR1419 Nutrition Metabolism and Aquaculture, Aquapôle, F-64310 Saint-Pée-sur-Nivelle, France
| | - Anthony Lanuque
- INRAE, Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour, E2S UPPA, UMR1419 Nutrition Metabolism and Aquaculture, Aquapôle, F-64310 Saint-Pée-sur-Nivelle, France
| | - Frederic Terrier
- INRAE, Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour, E2S UPPA, UMR1419 Nutrition Metabolism and Aquaculture, Aquapôle, F-64310 Saint-Pée-sur-Nivelle, France
| | - Sandrine Skiba-Cassy
- INRAE, Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour, E2S UPPA, UMR1419 Nutrition Metabolism and Aquaculture, Aquapôle, F-64310 Saint-Pée-sur-Nivelle, France
| | - Roy Jérôme
- INRAE, Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour, E2S UPPA, UMR1419 Nutrition Metabolism and Aquaculture, Aquapôle, F-64310 Saint-Pée-sur-Nivelle, France
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
O’Connell CJ, Brown RS, Peach TM, Traubert OD, Schwierling HC, Notorgiacomo GA, Robson MJ. Strain in the Midbrain: Impact of Traumatic Brain Injury on the Central Serotonin System. Brain Sci 2024; 14:51. [PMID: 38248266 PMCID: PMC10813794 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci14010051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a pervasive public health crisis that severely impacts the quality of life of affected individuals. Like peripheral forms of trauma, TBI results from extraordinarily heterogeneous environmental forces being imparted on the cranial space, resulting in heterogeneous disease pathologies. This has made therapies for TBI notoriously difficult to develop, and currently, there are no FDA-approved pharmacotherapies specifically for the acute or chronic treatment of TBI. TBI is associated with changes in cognition and can precipitate the onset of debilitating psychiatric disorders like major depressive disorder (MDD), generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Complicating these effects of TBI, FDA-approved pharmacotherapies utilized to treat these disorders often fail to reach the desired level of efficacy in the context of neurotrauma. Although a complicated association, decades of work have linked central serotonin (5-HT) neurotransmission as being involved in the etiology of a myriad of neuropsychiatric disorders, including MDD and GAD. 5-HT is a biogenic monoamine neurotransmitter that is highly conserved across scales of biology. Though the majority of 5-HT is isolated to peripheral sites such as the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, 5-HT neurotransmission within the CNS exerts exquisite control over diverse biological functions, including sleep, appetite and respiration, while simultaneously establishing normal mood, perception, and attention. Although several key studies have begun to elucidate how various forms of neurotrauma impact central 5-HT neurotransmission, a full determination of precisely how TBI disrupts the highly regulated dynamics of 5-HT neuron function and/or 5-HT neurotransmission has yet to be conceptually or experimentally resolved. The purpose of the current review is, therefore, to integrate the disparate bodies of 5-HT and TBI research and synthesize insight into how new combinatorial research regarding 5-HT neurotransmission and TBI may offer an informed perspective into the nature of TBI-induced neuropsychiatric complications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christopher J. O’Connell
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, James L. Winkle College of Pharmacy, University of Cincinnati, 231 Albert Sabin Way, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA; (C.J.O.); (R.S.B.); (T.M.P.)
| | - Ryan S. Brown
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, James L. Winkle College of Pharmacy, University of Cincinnati, 231 Albert Sabin Way, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA; (C.J.O.); (R.S.B.); (T.M.P.)
| | - Taylor M. Peach
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, James L. Winkle College of Pharmacy, University of Cincinnati, 231 Albert Sabin Way, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA; (C.J.O.); (R.S.B.); (T.M.P.)
| | - Owen D. Traubert
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Pratt School of Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA;
| | - Hana C. Schwierling
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, James L. Winkle College of Pharmacy, University of Cincinnati, 231 Albert Sabin Way, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA; (C.J.O.); (R.S.B.); (T.M.P.)
| | | | - Matthew J. Robson
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, James L. Winkle College of Pharmacy, University of Cincinnati, 231 Albert Sabin Way, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA; (C.J.O.); (R.S.B.); (T.M.P.)
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
König E, Heponiemi P, Kivinen S, Räkköläinen J, Beasley S, Borman T, Collado MC, Hukkinen V, Junnila J, Lahti L, Norring M, Piirainen V, Salminen S, Heinonen M, Valros A. Fewer culturable Lactobacillaceae species identified in faecal samples of pigs performing manipulative behaviour. Sci Rep 2024; 14:132. [PMID: 38168466 PMCID: PMC10762183 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-50791-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Manipulative behaviour that consists of touching or close contact with ears or tails of pen mates is common in pigs and can become damaging. Manipulative behaviour was analysed from video recordings of 45-day-old pigs, and 15 manipulator-control pairs (n = 30) were formed. Controls neither received nor performed manipulative behaviour. Rectal faecal samples of manipulators and controls were compared. 16S PCR was used to identify Lactobacillaceae species and 16S amplicon sequencing to determine faecal microbiota composition. Seven culturable Lactobacillaceae species were identified in control pigs and four in manipulator pigs. Manipulators (p = 0.02) and females (p = 0.005) expressed higher Lactobacillus amylovorus, and a significant interaction was seen (sex * status: p = 0.005) with this sex difference being more marked in controls. Females (p = 0.08) and manipulator pigs (p = 0.07) tended to express higher total Lactobacillaceae. A tendency for an interaction was seen in Limosilactobacillus reuteri (sex * status: p = 0.09). Results suggest a link between observed low diversity in Lactobacillaceae and the development of manipulative behaviour.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emilia König
- Research Centre for Animal Welfare, Department of Production Animal Medicine, University of Helsinki, 00790, Helsinki, Finland.
| | | | - Sanni Kivinen
- Functional Foods Forum, University of Turku, 20520, Turku, Finland
| | | | - Shea Beasley
- Vetcare Ltd., 04600, Mäntsälä, Finland
- Sheaps Oy, 03250, Ojakkala, Finland
| | - Tuomas Borman
- Department of Computing, University of Turku, 20500, Turku, Finland
| | - Maria Carmen Collado
- Institute of Agrochemistry and Food Technology-National Research Council (IATA-CSIC), 46980, Paterna, Valencia, Spain
| | - Vilja Hukkinen
- Research Centre for Animal Welfare, Department of Production Animal Medicine, University of Helsinki, 00790, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - Leo Lahti
- Department of Computing, University of Turku, 20500, Turku, Finland
| | - Marianna Norring
- Research Centre for Animal Welfare, Department of Production Animal Medicine, University of Helsinki, 00790, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Virpi Piirainen
- Research Centre for Animal Welfare, Department of Production Animal Medicine, University of Helsinki, 00790, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Seppo Salminen
- Functional Foods Forum, University of Turku, 20520, Turku, Finland
| | - Mari Heinonen
- Research Centre for Animal Welfare, Department of Production Animal Medicine, University of Helsinki, 00790, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Anna Valros
- Research Centre for Animal Welfare, Department of Production Animal Medicine, University of Helsinki, 00790, Helsinki, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Pearson K, Beier K, Mardis T, Munoz B, Zaidi A. The Neurochemistry of Depression: The Good, The Bad and The Ugly. MISSOURI MEDICINE 2024; 121:68-75. [PMID: 38404431 PMCID: PMC10887465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
A large constellation of experimental evidence suggests that neuroinflammation is involved in the onset of depression and neurodegenerative disorders. Many studies have shown impairments in tryptophan metabolism, the major pathway for the synthesis of serotonin, the mood regulating neurotransmitter. This article reviews the various metabolites generated in the competing pathways of tryptophan metabolism including the kynurenine pathway. Increased synthesis of the neurotoxic compound quinolinic acid occurs at the expense of the synthesis of the neuroprotective metabolite kynurenic acid. This shift in equilibrium plays a critical role in the induction of oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, and neurotoxicity. Sufficient protein intake with adequate amounts of tryptophan along with dietary antioxidants and flavonoids may offer protection against major depressive and neurodegenerative disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kami Pearson
- Research Associate, Kansas City University, Kansas City, Missouri
| | - Kimberley Beier
- Medical student, Kansas City University, Kansas City, Missouri
| | - Thornton Mardis
- Medical student, Kansas City University, Kansas City, Missouri
| | - Bryan Munoz
- Medical student, Kansas City University, Kansas City, Missouri
| | - Asma Zaidi
- Professor of Biochemistry, Kansas City University, Kansas City, Missouri
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Wang L, Dai C, Gao M, Geng Z, Hu P, Wu X, Wang K. Patients with episodic migraine without aura have an increased rate of delayed discounting. Brain Behav 2024; 14:e3367. [PMID: 38376010 PMCID: PMC10761331 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.3367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/21/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to explore decision-making impulsivity and its neural mechanisms in patients with episodic migraine without aura (EMoA). BACKGROUND Previous evidence indicates increased impulsivity and altered reward processing in patients with chronic migraine and medication overuse; however, whether the same holds true for those with EMoA is unclear. METHODS Patients newly diagnosed with EMoA (n = 51) and healthy controls (HC, n = 45) were recruited. All participants completed delay discounting task, cognitive assessments, a questionnaire for headache profile, and resting-state function magnetic resonance imaging scans. Resting-state functional connectivity (RSFC) between the regions of interest and the entire brain was explored. RESULTS Patients with EMoA showed a steeper subjective discount rate than HCs (F = 4.74, p = .032), which was positively related to a history of migraines (r = .742, p < .001). RSFC among the ventral striatum (vSTR), ventromedial prefrontal cortex, and occipital cortex was lower in patients with EMoA than in control groups, which was correlated with history (r' = .294, p = .036) and subjective discount rate (r' = .380, p = .006). Additionally, discounting rates and RSFC between the vSTR and occipital regions were significantly abnormal in the triptan group than the non-triptan group. Mediating effect analysis indicated a significant mediating effect in the change in RSFC between the vSTR and occipital status, history of triptan use, and subjective discount rate. CONCLUSION This study further elucidated that an increase in delayed discounting rate exists in patients with EMoA and is related to the abnormality of the value processing network.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lu Wang
- Department of NeurologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical UniversityHefeiChina
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Cognition and Neuropsychiatric DisordersHefeiChina
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Neuropsychiatric Disorders and Mental HealthHefeiChina
| | - Chenyang Dai
- Department of NeurologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical UniversityHefeiChina
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Cognition and Neuropsychiatric DisordersHefeiChina
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Neuropsychiatric Disorders and Mental HealthHefeiChina
| | - Manman Gao
- Department of NeurologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical UniversityHefeiChina
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Cognition and Neuropsychiatric DisordersHefeiChina
| | - Zhi Geng
- Department of NeurologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical UniversityHefeiChina
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Cognition and Neuropsychiatric DisordersHefeiChina
| | - Panpan Hu
- Department of NeurologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical UniversityHefeiChina
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Cognition and Neuropsychiatric DisordersHefeiChina
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Neuropsychiatric Disorders and Mental HealthHefeiChina
| | - Xingqi Wu
- Department of NeurologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical UniversityHefeiChina
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Cognition and Neuropsychiatric DisordersHefeiChina
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Neuropsychiatric Disorders and Mental HealthHefeiChina
| | - Kai Wang
- Department of NeurologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical UniversityHefeiChina
- School of Mental Health and Psychological SciencesAnhui Medical UniversityHefeiChina
- Institute of Artificial IntelligenceHefei Comprehensive National Science CenterHefeiChina
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Cognition and Neuropsychiatric DisordersHefeiChina
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Neuropsychiatric Disorders and Mental HealthHefeiChina
- Anhui Provincial Institute of Translational MedicineAnhui Medical UniversityHefeiChina
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Rigby BR. Characterizing stress during animal interaction: a focus on the human endocrine response during equine-assisted services. Front Vet Sci 2023; 10:1303354. [PMID: 38188717 PMCID: PMC10766751 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1303354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Repeated stresses applied to the rider may contribute to the documented physical and psychosocial outcomes from equine-assisted services. In this brief review, a summary of neuroendocrine markers of stress, including immunoglobulin A, serotonin, cortisol, progesterone, and oxytocin, is presented within the context of the physiology of stress modulation. Results are mixed with regard to the effects of these hormones on rider physiology before, during, and after equine-assisted services. However, some results from existing studies are promising with regard to the attenuation of stress. Future research should include a cross-disciplinary approach when conducting well-controlled studies with proper treatment and experimental fidelity, while also considering exogenous and endogenous factors that influence rider physiology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Brandon R. Rigby
- Exercise Physiology Laboratory, School of Health Promotion and Kinesiology, Texas Woman's University, Denton, TX, United States
- Institute for Women's Health, Texas Woman's University, Denton, TX, United States
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Braine A, Georges F. Emotion in action: When emotions meet motor circuits. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2023; 155:105475. [PMID: 37996047 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2023.105475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
The brain is a remarkably complex organ responsible for a wide range of functions, including the modulation of emotional states and movement. Neuronal circuits are believed to play a crucial role in integrating sensory, cognitive, and emotional information to ultimately guide motor behavior. Over the years, numerous studies employing diverse techniques such as electrophysiology, imaging, and optogenetics have revealed a complex network of neural circuits involved in the regulation of emotional or motor processes. Emotions can exert a substantial influence on motor performance, encompassing both everyday activities and pathological conditions. The aim of this review is to explore how emotional states can shape movements by connecting the neural circuits for emotional processing to motor neural circuits. We first provide a comprehensive overview of the impact of different emotional states on motor control in humans and rodents. In line with behavioral studies, we set out to identify emotion-related structures capable of modulating motor output, behaviorally and anatomically. Neuronal circuits involved in emotional processing are extensively connected to the motor system. These circuits can drive emotional behavior, essential for survival, but can also continuously shape ongoing movement. In summary, the investigation of the intricate relationship between emotion and movement offers valuable insights into human behavior, including opportunities to enhance performance, and holds promise for improving mental and physical health. This review integrates findings from multiple scientific approaches, including anatomical tracing, circuit-based dissection, and behavioral studies, conducted in both animal and human subjects. By incorporating these different methodologies, we aim to present a comprehensive overview of the current understanding of the emotional modulation of movement in both physiological and pathological conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anaelle Braine
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, IMN, UMR 5293, F-33000 Bordeaux, France
| | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
Lianguzova A, Arbuzova N, Laskova E, Gafarova E, Repkin E, Matach D, Enshina I, Miroliubov A. Tricks of the puppet masters: morphological adaptations to the interaction with nervous system underlying host manipulation by rhizocephalan barnacle Polyascus polygeneus. PeerJ 2023; 11:e16348. [PMID: 38025701 PMCID: PMC10655712 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.16348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Rhizocephalan interaction with their decapod hosts is a superb example of host manipulation. These parasites are able to alter the host's physiology and behavior. Host-parasite interaction is performed, presumably, via special modified rootlets invading the ventral ganglions. Methods In this study, we focus on the morphology and ultrastructure of these special rootlets in Polyascus polygeneus (Lützen & Takahashi, 1997), family Polyascidae, invading the neuropil of the host's nervous tissue. The ventral ganglionic mass of the infected crabs were fixed, and the observed sites of the host-parasite interplay were studied using transmission electron microscopy, immunolabeling and confocal microscopy. Results The goblet-shaped organs present in the basal families of parasitic barnacles were presumably lost in a common ancestor of Polyascidae and crown "Akentrogonida", but the observed invasive rootlets appear to perform similar functions, including the synthesis of various substances which are transferred to the host's nervous tissue. Invasive rootlets significantly differ from trophic ones in cell layer composition and cuticle thickness. Numerous multilamellar bodies are present in the rootlets indicating the intrinsic cell rearrangement. The invasive rootlets of P. polygeneus are enlaced by the thin projections of glial cells. Thus, glial cells can be both the first hosts' respondents to the nervous tissue damage and the mediator of the rhizocephalan interaction with the nervous cells. One of the potential molecules engaged in the relationships of P. polygeneus and its host is serotonin, a neurotransmitter which is found exclusively in the invasive rootlets but not in trophic ones. Serotonin participates in different biological pathways in metazoans including the regulation of aggression in crustaceans, which is reduced in infected crabs. We conclude that rootlets associated with the host's nervous tissue are crucial for the regulation of host-parasite interplay and for evolution of the Rhizocephala.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anastasia Lianguzova
- Department of Invertebrate Zoology, St. Petersburg State University, St Petersburg, Russian Federation
- Laboratory of Parasitic Worms and Protists, Zoological Institute of the Russian Academy of Science, St Petersburg, Russian Federation
| | - Natalia Arbuzova
- Department of Invertebrate Zoology, St. Petersburg State University, St Petersburg, Russian Federation
- Laboratory of Parasitic Worms and Protists, Zoological Institute of the Russian Academy of Science, St Petersburg, Russian Federation
| | - Ekaterina Laskova
- Department of Invertebrate Zoology, St. Petersburg State University, St Petersburg, Russian Federation
| | - Elizaveta Gafarova
- Department of Invertebrate Zoology, St. Petersburg State University, St Petersburg, Russian Federation
| | - Egor Repkin
- Department of Invertebrate Zoology, St. Petersburg State University, St Petersburg, Russian Federation
- Research Park, Center for Molecular and Cell Technologies, St. Petersburg State University, St Petersburg, Russian Federation
| | - Dzmitry Matach
- Department of Invertebrate Zoology, St. Petersburg State University, St Petersburg, Russian Federation
| | - Irina Enshina
- Department of Invertebrate Zoology, St. Petersburg State University, St Petersburg, Russian Federation
| | - Aleksei Miroliubov
- Laboratory of Parasitic Worms and Protists, Zoological Institute of the Russian Academy of Science, St Petersburg, Russian Federation
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Wang J, Tian E, Zhang Y, Guo Z, Chen J, Kong W, Lu Y, Zhang S. The Effects of Unilateral Labyrinthectomy on Monoamine Neurotransmitters in the Medial Vestibular Nucleus of Rats. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1637. [PMID: 38002319 PMCID: PMC10669524 DOI: 10.3390/biom13111637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to investigate the effects of unilateral labyrinthectomy (UL) on monoamine neurotransmitters in the medial vestibular nucleus (MVN) of rats. METHODS Adult Sprague-Dawley rats were utilized for the vestibular impaired animal model through UL. The success of the model establishment and the recovery process were evaluated using vestibular behavioral tests, including spontaneous nystagmus, postural asymmetry, and balance beam test. Additionally, the expression levels of c-Fos protein in the MVN were assessed by immunofluorescence. Furthermore, changes in the expression levels of monoamine neurotransmitters, including 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), norepinephrine (NE), dopamine (DA), and histamine in the MVN, were analyzed using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) at different time points after UL (4 h, 8 h, 1 day, 2 days, 4 days, and 7 days). RESULTS Compared to the sham control group, the UL group exhibited the most pronounced vestibular impairment symptoms at 4 h post-UL, which significantly decreased at 4 days and almost fully recovered by 7 days. Immunofluorescence results showed a notable upregulation of c-Fos expression in the MVN subsequent to the UL-4 h, serving as a reliable indicator of heightened neuronal activity. In comparison with the sham group, HPLC analysis showed that the levels of 5-HT and NE in the ipsilesional MVN of the UL group were significantly elevated within 4 days after UL, and peaked on 1 day and 2 days, respectively. DA showed an increasing trend at different time points up to 7 days post-UL, while histamine levels significantly increased only at 1 day post-UL. CONCLUSIONS UL-induced dynamic changes in monoamine neurotransmitters during the early compensation period in the rat MVN may be associated with the regulation of the central vestibular compensation mechanism by the MVN.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Wang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China; (J.W.); (E.T.); (Z.G.); (J.C.); (W.K.)
- Institute of Otorhinolaryngology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - E Tian
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China; (J.W.); (E.T.); (Z.G.); (J.C.); (W.K.)
- Institute of Otorhinolaryngology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Yuejin Zhang
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China;
- Institute of Brain Research, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Zhaoqi Guo
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China; (J.W.); (E.T.); (Z.G.); (J.C.); (W.K.)
- Institute of Otorhinolaryngology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Jingyu Chen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China; (J.W.); (E.T.); (Z.G.); (J.C.); (W.K.)
- Institute of Otorhinolaryngology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Weijia Kong
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China; (J.W.); (E.T.); (Z.G.); (J.C.); (W.K.)
- Institute of Otorhinolaryngology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Yisheng Lu
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China;
- Institute of Brain Research, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Sulin Zhang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China; (J.W.); (E.T.); (Z.G.); (J.C.); (W.K.)
- Institute of Otorhinolaryngology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Traktirov DS, Nazarov IR, Artemova VS, Gainetdinov RR, Pestereva NS, Karpenko MN. Alterations in Serotonin Neurotransmission in Hyperdopaminergic Rats Lacking the Dopamine Transporter. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2881. [PMID: 38001881 PMCID: PMC10669523 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11112881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Biogenic amines dopamine (DA) and serotonin (5-HT) are among the most significant monoaminergic neurotransmitters in the central nervous system (CNS). Separately, the physiological roles of DA and 5-HT have been studied in detail, and progress has been made in understanding their roles in normal and various pathological conditions (Parkinson's disease, schizophrenia, addiction, depression, etc.). In this article we showed that knockout of the gene encoding DAT leads not only to a profound dysregulation of dopamine neurotransmission in the striatum but also in the midbrain, prefrontal cortex, hippocampus, medulla oblongata and spinal cord. Furthermore, significant changes were observed in the production of mRNA of enzymes of monoamine metabolism, as well as to a notable alteration in the tissue level of serotonin, most clearly manifested in the cerebellum and the spinal cord. The observed region-specific changes in the tissue levels of serotonin and in the expression of dopamine and serotonergic metabolism enzymes in rats with an excess of dopamine can indicate important consequences for the pharmacotherapy of drugs that modulate the dopaminergic system. The drugs that affect the dopaminergic system could potently affect the serotonergic system, and this fact is important to consider when predicting their possible therapeutic or side effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dmitrii S. Traktirov
- Department of Physiology (Pavlov’s), Institute of Experimental Medicine, 197022 St. Petersburg, Russia (M.N.K.)
| | - Ilya R. Nazarov
- Faculty of Biology, St. Petersburg State University, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Valeria S. Artemova
- Department of Physiology (Pavlov’s), Institute of Experimental Medicine, 197022 St. Petersburg, Russia (M.N.K.)
- Institute of Biomedical Systems and Biotechnologies, Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, 195251 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Raul R. Gainetdinov
- Institute of Translational Biomedicine, St. Petersburg University Hospital, St. Petersburg State University, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia;
| | - Nina S. Pestereva
- Department of Physiology (Pavlov’s), Institute of Experimental Medicine, 197022 St. Petersburg, Russia (M.N.K.)
| | - Marina N. Karpenko
- Department of Physiology (Pavlov’s), Institute of Experimental Medicine, 197022 St. Petersburg, Russia (M.N.K.)
- Institute of Biomedical Systems and Biotechnologies, Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, 195251 St. Petersburg, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Meng W. Editorial: Application and research progress of avian models in neuroscience. Front Mol Neurosci 2023; 16:1319308. [PMID: 37942300 PMCID: PMC10628669 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2023.1319308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Meng
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, Nanchang, China
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Suryanto ME, Luong CT, Vasquez RD, Roldan MJM, Hung CH, Ger TR, Hsiao CD. Using crayfish behavior assay as a simple and sensitive model to evaluate potential adverse effects of water pollution: Emphasis on antidepressants. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 265:115507. [PMID: 37742575 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.115507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
The freshwater crayfish, Procambarus clarkii is an excellent aquatic animal model that is highly adaptable and tolerant. P. clarkii is widely used as a toxicity model to study various pharmaceutical exposure. This animal model has complex behavioral traits and is considered sensitive to environmental changes, making it an excellent candidate to study psychoactive drugs based on a behavioral approach. However, up to now, most behavioral studies on crayfish use manual observation and scoring that require panelists. In this study, we aim to develop an automation pipeline to analyze crayfish behavior automatically. We use a deep-learning approach to label body parts in multiple crayfish, and based on the trajectory results, the intra- or inter-individual crayfish were calculated. Reliable and fast results of several behavior endpoints in multiple crayfish were retrieved. We then validated the detection performance of numerous crayfish in specific gender groups (male-male and female-female). Based on the result, the male crayfish displayed significantly higher aggression than females. We also tested the antidepressant exposure on this animal model to evaluate the psychoactive effects of this drug. As male crayfish display more distinct agonistic behavior than females, we exposed them to sertraline (SRT) 1 ppb for 7 and 14 days. It was revealed that sertraline was able to alter several behavioral endpoints in crayfish. Significant increases in extend claw ratio, total distance moved, average speed, and rapid movement were displayed in sertraline-exposed crayfish but decreased interaction time and longest interaction time. In addition, SRT 14 days exposure could atler the aggressiveness and bold behavior In the present method, DeepLabCut (DLC) has been utilized to analyze the locomotion behavior of multiple crayfish. This established method provides rapid and accurate ecotoxicity measurements using freshwater crayfish, which beneficient and applicable for environmental research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Edbert Suryanto
- Department of Chemistry, Chung Yuan Christian University, Taoyuan 320314, Taiwan; Department of Bioscience Technology, Chung Yuan Christian University, Taoyuan 320314, Taiwan
| | - Cao Thang Luong
- Department of Chemical Engineering & Institute of Biotechnology and Chemical Engineering, I-Shou University, Da-Shu, Kaohsiung City 84001, Taiwan
| | - Ross D Vasquez
- Research Center for the Natural and Applied Sciences, University of Santo Tomas, Manila 1015, the Philippines; The Graduate School, University of Santo Tomas, Manila 1015, the Philippines; Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Santo Tomas, Espana Blvd., Manila 1015, the Philippines
| | - Marri Jmelou M Roldan
- The Graduate School, University of Santo Tomas, Manila 1015, the Philippines; Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Santo Tomas, Espana Blvd., Manila 1015, the Philippines
| | - Chih-Hsin Hung
- Department of Chemical Engineering & Institute of Biotechnology and Chemical Engineering, I-Shou University, Da-Shu, Kaohsiung City 84001, Taiwan
| | - Tzong-Rong Ger
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Chung Yuan Christian University, Taoyuan 320314, Taiwan.
| | - Chung-Der Hsiao
- Department of Chemistry, Chung Yuan Christian University, Taoyuan 320314, Taiwan; Department of Bioscience Technology, Chung Yuan Christian University, Taoyuan 320314, Taiwan; Research Center for Aquatic Toxicology and Pharmacology, Chung Yuan Christian University, Taoyuan 320314, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Behren LE, König S, May K. Genomic Selection for Dairy Cattle Behaviour Considering Novel Traits in a Changing Technical Production Environment. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:1933. [PMID: 37895282 PMCID: PMC10606080 DOI: 10.3390/genes14101933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Cow behaviour is a major factor influencing dairy herd profitability and is an indicator of animal welfare and disease. Behaviour is a complex network of behavioural patterns in response to environmental and social stimuli and human handling. Advances in agricultural technology have led to changes in dairy cow husbandry systems worldwide. Increasing herd sizes, less time availability to take care of the animals and modern technology such as automatic milking systems (AMSs) imply limited human-cow interactions. On the other hand, cow behaviour responses to the technical environment (cow-AMS interactions) simultaneously improve production efficiency and welfare and contribute to simplified "cow handling" and reduced labour time. Automatic milking systems generate objective behaviour traits linked to workability, milkability and health, which can be implemented into genomic selection tools. However, there is insufficient understanding of the genetic mechanisms influencing cow learning and social behaviour, in turn affecting herd management, productivity and welfare. Moreover, physiological and molecular biomarkers such as heart rate, neurotransmitters and hormones might be useful indicators and predictors of cow behaviour. This review gives an overview of published behaviour studies in dairy cows in the context of genetics and genomics and discusses possibilities for breeding approaches to achieve desired behaviour in a technical production environment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Larissa Elisabeth Behren
- Institute of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Justus-Liebig-University of Gießen, 35390 Giessen, Germany
| | - Sven König
- Institute of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Justus-Liebig-University of Gießen, 35390 Giessen, Germany
| | - Katharina May
- Institute of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Justus-Liebig-University of Gießen, 35390 Giessen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Arellano Spadaro J, Hishida Y, Matsunaga Y, van Es‐Remers M, Korthout H, Kim HK, Poppelaars E, Keizer H, Iliopoulou E, van Duijn B, Wildwater M, van Rijnberk L. 3'sialyllactose and 6'sialyllactose enhance performance in endurance-type exercise through metabolic adaptation. Food Sci Nutr 2023; 11:6199-6212. [PMID: 37823127 PMCID: PMC10563706 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.3559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) belong to a group of multifunctional glycans that are abundantly present in human breast milk. While health effects of neutral oligosaccharides have been investigated extensively, a lot remains unknown regarding health effects of acidic oligosaccharides, such as the two sialyllactoses (SLs), 3'sialyllactose (3'SL), and 6'sialyllactose (6'SL). We utilized Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) to investigate the effects of SLs on exercise performance. Using swimming as an endurance-type exercise, we found that SLs decrease exhaustion, signifying an increase in endurance that is strongest for 6'SL. Through an unbiased metabolomics approach, we identified changes in energy metabolism that correlated with endurance performance. Further investigation suggested that these metabolic changes were related to adaptations of muscle mitochondria that facilitated a shift from beta oxidation to glycogenolysis during exercise. We found that the effect of SLs on endurance performance required AMPK- (aak-1/aak-2) and adenosine receptor (ador-1) signaling. We propose a model where SLs alter the metabolic status in the gut, causing a signal from the intestine to the nervous system toward muscle cells, where metabolic adaptation increases exercise performance. Together, our results underline the potential of SLs in exercise-associated health and contribute to our understanding of the molecular processes involved in nutritionally-induced health benefits.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Bert van Duijn
- Fytagoras B.V.LeidenThe Netherlands
- Institute Biology LeidenLeiden UniversityLeidenThe Netherlands
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Flanigan ME, Gianessi C, Castle M, Dorlean W, Sides T, Kash TL. Bed Nucleus of the Stria Terminalis (BNST) neurons containing the serotonin 5HT 2c receptor modulate operant alcohol self-administration behavior in mice. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.09.26.559653. [PMID: 37808816 PMCID: PMC10557639 DOI: 10.1101/2023.09.26.559653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
The serotonin 5HT2c receptor has been widely implicated in the pathophysiology of alcohol use disorder (AUD), particularly alcohol seeking and the affective consequences of chronic alcohol consumption. However, little is known about the brain sites in which 5HT2c exerts its effects on specific alcohol-related behaviors, especially in females. Here, we investigated the effects of site-specific manipulation of the 5HT2c receptor system in the BNST on operant alcohol self-administration behaviors in adult mice of both sexes, including the acquisition and maintenance of fixed-ratio responding, motivation for alcohol (progressive ratio), and quinine-adulterated responding for alcohol on a fixed-ratio schedule (punished alcohol seeking). Knockdown of 5HT2c in the BNST did not affect the acquisition or maintenance of operant alcohol self-administration, nor did it affect progressive ratio responding for alcohol. This manipulation had only a subtle effect on responding for quinine alcohol selectively in females. On the other hand, chemogenetic inhibition of BNST 5HT2c-containing neurons (BNST5HT2c) increased operant alcohol self-administration behavior in both sexes on day 2, but not day 9, of testing. It also increased operant responding for 1000 μM quinine-adulterated alcohol selectively in males. Importantly, chemogenetic inhibition of BNST5HT2c did not alter operant sucrose responding or motivation for sucrose in either sex. We then performed cell-type specific anterograde tracing, which revealed that BNST5HT2c project to similar regions in males and females, many of which have been previously implicated in AUD. We next used chemogenetics and quantification of the immediate early gene cFos to characterize the functional influence of BNST5HT2c inhibition on vlPAG activity. We show that chemogenetic inhibition of BNST5HT2c reduces vlPAG cFos in both sexes, but that this reduction is more robust in males. Together these findings suggest that BNST5HT2c neurons, and to a small extent the BNST 5HT2c receptor, serve to promote aversive responses to alcohol consumption, potentially through sex-dependent disinhibition of vlPAG neurons.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meghan E. Flanigan
- Bowles Center for Alcohol Studies, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Carol Gianessi
- Bowles Center for Alcohol Studies, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Megan Castle
- Bowles Center for Alcohol Studies, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Winifred Dorlean
- Bowles Center for Alcohol Studies, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Tori Sides
- Bowles Center for Alcohol Studies, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Thomas L. Kash
- Bowles Center for Alcohol Studies, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Koncz S, Papp N, Pothorszki D, Bagdy G. (S)-Ketamine but Not (R)-Ketamine Shows Acute Effects on Depression-Like Behavior and Sleep-Wake Architecture in Rats. Int J Neuropsychopharmacol 2023; 26:618-626. [PMID: 37578355 PMCID: PMC10519815 DOI: 10.1093/ijnp/pyad050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Racemic ketamine consists of two enantiomers, namely (R)-ketamine and (S)-ketamine, with distinguishable pharmacological properties. Both enantiomers have been reported to show rapid antidepressant effects in rodents. Currently, the (S)-enantiomer has been approved for the treatment of major depression, whereas (R)-ketamine failed to show antidepressant effect in recent clinical studies. Major depressive disorder is frequently characterized by disinhibition of rapid eye movement (REM) sleep and disruption of non-REM (NREM) sleep. Racemic ketamine and most conventional antidepressants affect these parameters. However, it remains largely unknown which enantiomer is responsible for these effects. METHODS Here, we compared acute effects of the two ketamine enantiomers (15 mg/kg i.p.) on different sleep-wake stages in freely moving, EEG-equipped rats. We also evaluated the antidepressant-like activity of the enantiomers in a chronic restraint stress model of depression. RESULTS (S)-ketamine but not (R)-ketamine increased REM sleep latency and decreased REM sleep time at 2 and 3 hours, and increased electroencephalogram delta power during NREM sleep. In addition, only (S)-ketamine increased wakefulness and decreased NREM sleep in the first 2 hours. In the forced swimming test, only (S)-ketamine decreased the immobility time of chronically stressed rats. CONCLUSION Effects of the two ketamine enantiomers on rat sleep-wake architecture and behavior are markedly different when administered in the same dose. (S)-ketamine remarkably affects the sleep-wake cycle and very likely sleep-related neuroplasticity, which may be relevant for its antidepressant efficacy. Our results regarding (R)-ketamine's lack of effect on vigilance and behavior are in line with recent clinical studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Szabolcs Koncz
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Noémi Papp
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Dóra Pothorszki
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - György Bagdy
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- NAP3.0-SE Neuropsychopharmacology Research Group, Hungarian Brain Research Program, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Caceres S, Moreno J, Crespo B, Silvan G, Illera JC. Physiological Stress Responses in Cattle Used in the Spanish Rodeo. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:2654. [PMID: 37627445 PMCID: PMC10451956 DOI: 10.3390/ani13162654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Certain events can cause distress in cattle. In Spain, there is a sport similar to rodeo called persecution and takedown, in which calves are harassed and knocked down by riders. In this study, the physiological stress response of calves (n = 260) is assessed by measuring hormonal physiological parameters. Salivary samples were collected from Salers (n = 110) and Lidia (n = 150) calves before, during, and after the persecution and takedown event. The hormones epinephrine, cortisol, serotonin, and dopamine were determined in saliva samples using enzyme-immunoassay techniques. The results obtained revealed that epinephrine and cortisol levels increased during the event in Salers calves, with a significant increase (p < 0.05) in the case of epinephrine, although after the event, these values returned to their initial state. Therefore, this sport supposes an assumable punctual stressor stimulus for the animal. In contrast, in Lidia calves, cortisol and epinephrine levels decreased, with a significant decrease (p < 0.05) in the case of cortisol, which may be related to the temperament of this breed and facing a stressful situation in a different manner. This is confirmed by serotonin and dopamine levels that were altered in Lidia calves with respect to the other group studied. In conclusion, the sport of persecution and takedown produces a physiological response of adaptive stress assumable for the animals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Gema Silvan
- Department of Animal Physiology, Veterinary Medicine School, Complutense University of Madrid (UCM), 28040 Madrid, Spain; (S.C.); (J.M.); (B.C.); (J.C.I.)
| | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Tortora F, Hadipour AL, Battaglia S, Falzone A, Avenanti A, Vicario CM. The Role of Serotonin in Fear Learning and Memory: A Systematic Review of Human Studies. Brain Sci 2023; 13:1197. [PMID: 37626553 PMCID: PMC10452575 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci13081197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Fear is characterized by distinct behavioral and physiological responses that are essential for the survival of the human species. Fear conditioning (FC) serves as a valuable model for studying the acquisition, extinction, and expression of fear. The serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) system is known to play a significant role in emotional and motivational aspects of human behavior, including fear learning and expression. Accumulating evidence from both animal and human studies suggests that brain regions involved in FC, such as the amygdala, hippocampus, and prefrontal cortex, possess a high density of 5-HT receptors, implicating the crucial involvement of serotonin in aversive learning. Additionally, studies exploring serotonin gene polymorphisms have indicated their potential influence on FC. Therefore, the objective of this work was to review the existing evidence linking 5-HT with fear learning and memory in humans. Through a comprehensive screening of the PubMed and Web of Science databases, 29 relevant studies were included in the final review. These studies investigated the relationship between serotonin and fear learning using drug manipulations or by studying 5-HT-related gene polymorphisms. The results suggest that elevated levels of 5-HT enhance aversive learning, indicating that the modulation of serotonin 5-HT2A receptors regulates the expression of fear responses in humans. Understanding the role of this neurochemical messenger in associative aversive learning can provide insights into psychiatric disorders such as anxiety and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), among others.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Tortora
- Dipartimento di Scienze Cognitive, Psicologiche, Pedagogiche e Degli Studi Culturali, Università Degli Studi di Messina, Via Concezione 6, 98121 Messina, Italy; (F.T.); (A.F.)
| | - Abed L. Hadipour
- Dipartimento di Scienze Cognitive, Psicologiche, Pedagogiche e Degli Studi Culturali, Università Degli Studi di Messina, Via Concezione 6, 98121 Messina, Italy; (F.T.); (A.F.)
| | - Simone Battaglia
- Centro Studi e Ricerche in Neuroscienze Cognitive, Dipartimento di Psicologia “Renzo Canestrari”, Campus di Cesena, Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna, Viale Rasi e Spinelli 176, 47521 Cesena, Italy;
| | - Alessandra Falzone
- Dipartimento di Scienze Cognitive, Psicologiche, Pedagogiche e Degli Studi Culturali, Università Degli Studi di Messina, Via Concezione 6, 98121 Messina, Italy; (F.T.); (A.F.)
| | - Alessio Avenanti
- Centro Studi e Ricerche in Neuroscienze Cognitive, Dipartimento di Psicologia “Renzo Canestrari”, Campus di Cesena, Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna, Viale Rasi e Spinelli 176, 47521 Cesena, Italy;
- Centro de Investigación en Neuropsicología y Neurociencias Cognitivas, Universidad Católica Del Maule, Talca 3460000, Chile
| | - Carmelo M. Vicario
- Dipartimento di Scienze Cognitive, Psicologiche, Pedagogiche e Degli Studi Culturali, Università Degli Studi di Messina, Via Concezione 6, 98121 Messina, Italy; (F.T.); (A.F.)
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Yemini E. Systems neuroscience: Foraging through serotonin's tangled web. Curr Biol 2023; 33:R767-R770. [PMID: 37490863 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2023.06.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/27/2023]
Abstract
Serotonin signaling is conserved in regulating animal behaviors. A new paper decodes the nonlinear effects of all serotonin receptor combinations on foraging behaviors. The authors introduce a brain-wide multiscale method to dissect receptor dynamics, receptor effects on neural activity, and resulting behavioral changes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eviatar Yemini
- University of Massachusetts, Department of Neurobiology, Worcester, MA 01605, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Homberg U, Kirchner M, Kowalewski K, Pitz V, Kinoshita M, Kern M, Seyfarth J. Comparative morphology of serotonin-immunoreactive neurons innervating the central complex in the brain of dicondylian insects. J Comp Neurol 2023. [PMID: 37478205 DOI: 10.1002/cne.25529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/23/2023]
Abstract
Serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine) acts as a widespread neuromodulator in the nervous system of vertebrates and invertebrates. In insects, it promotes feeding, enhances olfactory sensitivity, modulates aggressive behavior, and, in the central complex of Drosophila, serves a role in sleep homeostasis. In addition to a role in sleep-wake regulation, the central complex has a prominent role in spatial orientation, goal-directed locomotion, and navigation vector memory. To further understand the role of serotonergic signaling in this brain area, we analyzed the distribution and identity of serotonin-immunoreactive neurons across a wide range of insect species. While one bilateral pair of tangential neurons innervating the central body was present in all species studied, a second type was labeled in all neopterans but not in dragonflies and firebrats. Both cell types show conserved major fiber trajectories but taxon-specific differences in dendritic targets outside the central body and axonal terminals in the central body, noduli, and lateral accessory lobes. In addition, numerous tangential neurons of the protocerebral bridge were labeled in all studied polyneopteran species except for Phasmatodea, but not in Holometabola. Lepidoptera and Diptera showed additional labeling of two bilateral pairs of neurons of a third type. The presence of serotonin in systems of columnar neurons apparently evolved independently in dragonflies and desert locusts. The data suggest distinct evolutionary changes in the composition of serotonin-immunolabeled neurons of the central complex and provides a promising basis for a phylogenetic study in a wider range of arthropod species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Uwe Homberg
- Department of Biology, Animal Physiology, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Marburg, Germany
- Center for Mind, Brain and Behavior (CMBB), University of Marburg and Justus Liebig University Giessen, Marburg, Germany
| | - Michelle Kirchner
- Department of Biology, Animal Physiology, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Kevin Kowalewski
- Department of Biology, Animal Physiology, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Vanessa Pitz
- Department of Biology, Animal Physiology, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Michiyo Kinoshita
- Laboratory of Neuroethology, SOKENDAI, The Graduate University for Advanced Studies, Hayama, Japan
| | - Martina Kern
- Department of Biology, Animal Physiology, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Jutta Seyfarth
- Department of Biology, Animal Physiology, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Fujita T, Aoki N, Mori C, Homma KJ, Yamaguchi S. Molecular biology of serotonergic systems in avian brains. Front Mol Neurosci 2023; 16:1226645. [PMID: 37538316 PMCID: PMC10394247 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2023.1226645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) is a phylogenetically conserved neurotransmitter and modulator. Neurons utilizing serotonin have been identified in the central nervous systems of all vertebrates. In the central serotonergic system of vertebrate species examined so far, serotonergic neurons have been confirmed to exist in clusters in the brainstem. Although many serotonin-regulated cognitive, behavioral, and emotional functions have been elucidated in mammals, equivalents remain poorly understood in non-mammalian vertebrates. The purpose of this review is to summarize current knowledge of the anatomical organization and molecular features of the avian central serotonergic system. In addition, selected key functions of serotonin are briefly reviewed. Gene association studies between serotonergic system related genes and behaviors in birds have elucidated that the serotonergic system is involved in the regulation of behavior in birds similar to that observed in mammals. The widespread distribution of serotonergic modulation in the central nervous system and the evolutionary conservation of the serotonergic system provide a strong foundation for understanding and comparing the evolutionary continuity of neural circuits controlling corresponding brain functions within vertebrates. The main focus of this review is the chicken brain, with this type of poultry used as a model bird. The chicken is widely used not only as a model for answering questions in developmental biology and as a model for agriculturally useful breeding, but also in research relating to cognitive, behavioral, and emotional processes. In addition to a wealth of prior research on the projection relationships of avian brain regions, detailed subdivision similarities between avian and mammalian brains have recently been identified. Therefore, identifying the neural circuits modulated by the serotonergic system in avian brains may provide an interesting opportunity for detailed comparative studies of the function of serotonergic systems in mammals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Toshiyuki Fujita
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Teikyo University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Naoya Aoki
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Teikyo University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Chihiro Mori
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Teikyo University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Koichi J. Homma
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Teikyo University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shinji Yamaguchi
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Teikyo University, Tokyo, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Kang H, Zhang W, Jing J, Huang D, Zhang L, Wang J, Han L, Liu Z, Wang Z, Gao A. The gut-brain axis involved in polystyrene nanoplastics-induced neurotoxicity via reprogramming the circadian rhythm-related pathways. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 458:131949. [PMID: 37392641 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.131949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/03/2023]
Abstract
The production of plastic is still increasing globally, which has led to an increasing number of plastic particles in the environment. Nanoplastics (NPs) can penetrate the blood-brain barrier and induce neurotoxicity, but in-depth mechanism and effective protection strategies are lacking. Here, C57BL/6 J mice were treated with 60 μg polystyrene NPs (PS-NPs, 80 nm) by intragastric administration for 42 days to establish NPs exposure model. We found that 80 nm PS-NPs could reach and cause neuronal damage in the hippocampus, and alter the expression of neuroplasticity-related molecules (5-HT, AChE, GABA, BDNF and CREB), and even affect the learning and memory ability of mice. Mechanistically, combined with the results of hippocampus transcriptome, gut microbiota 16 s ribosomal RNA and plasma metabolomics, we found that the gut-brain axis mediated circadian rhythm related pathways were involved in the neurotoxicity of NPs, especially Camk2g, Adcyap1 and Per1 may be the key genes. Both melatonin and probiotic can significantly reduce intestinal injury and restore the expression of circadian rhythm-related genes and neuroplasticity molecules, and the intervention effect of melatonin is more effective. Collectively, the results strongly suggest the gut-brain axis mediated hippocampal circadian rhythm changes involved in the neurotoxicity of PS-NPs. Melatonin or probiotics supplementation may have the application value in the prevention of neurotoxicity of PS-NPs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huiwen Kang
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Jiaru Jing
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Danyang Huang
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Jingyu Wang
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Lin Han
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Ziyan Liu
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Ziyan Wang
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Ai Gao
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China.
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Mavrenkova PV, Khlebnikova NN, Alchinova IB, Demorzhi MS, Shoibonov BB, Karganov MY. Effects of Maternal Separation and Subsequent Stress on Behaviors and Brain Monoamines in Rats. Brain Sci 2023; 13:956. [PMID: 37371434 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci13060956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2023] [Revised: 06/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Childhood adversity can induce maladaptive behaviors and increase risk for affective disorders, post-traumatic stress disorder, personality disorders, and vulnerability to stress in adulthood. Deprivation of maternal care interrupts brain development through the disturbance of various neurotransmitters, however, the details remain unclear. The features of the symptoms of disorders are largely determined by early stress protocol, genetic characteristics (line), and the sex of the animals. The purpose of current study was (1) to assess behavioral changes in adult Wistar rats of both sexes after early life stress; (2) to determine the levels of monoamines in brain structures involved in the motor, emotional, and social reactions in rats aged 1 and 2 months; and (3) to determine the level of monoamines after physical or emotional stress in adult rats. The rat pups were separated from their dams and isolated from siblings in tight boxes at a temperature of 22-23 °C for 6 h during postnatal days 2-18. The data were processed predominantly using two-way analysis of variance and the Newman-Keys test as the post hoc analysis. The adult rats demonstrated an increase in motor activity and aggressiveness and a decrease in levels of anxiety and sociability. Behavioral disturbances were accompanied by region-, sex-, and age-dependent changes in the levels of monoamines and their metabolites. The dopaminergic and noradrenergic systems were found to be sensitive to psycho-emotional stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Polina V Mavrenkova
- Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, 8 Baltiyskaya St., 125315 Moscow, Russia
| | - Nadezhda N Khlebnikova
- Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, 8 Baltiyskaya St., 125315 Moscow, Russia
| | - Irina B Alchinova
- Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, 8 Baltiyskaya St., 125315 Moscow, Russia
| | - Marina S Demorzhi
- Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, 8 Baltiyskaya St., 125315 Moscow, Russia
| | - Batozhab B Shoibonov
- P. K. Anokhin Institute of Normal Physiology, 8 Baltiyskaya St., 125315 Moscow, Russia
| | - Mikhail Yu Karganov
- Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, 8 Baltiyskaya St., 125315 Moscow, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Castagnola E, Robbins EM, Krahe DD, Wu B, Pwint MY, Cao Q, Cui XT. Stable in-vivo electrochemical sensing of tonic serotonin levels using PEDOT/CNT-coated glassy carbon flexible microelectrode arrays. Biosens Bioelectron 2023; 230:115242. [PMID: 36989659 PMCID: PMC10101938 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2023.115242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/19/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
Chronic sampling of tonic serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) concentrations in the brain is critical for tracking neurological disease development and the time course of pharmacological treatments. Despite their value, in vivo chronic multi-site measurements of tonic 5-HT have not been reported. To fill this technological gap, we batch-fabricated implantable glassy carbon (GC) microelectrode arrays (MEAs) onto a flexible SU-8 substrate to provide an electrochemically stable and biocompatible device/tissue interface. To achieve detection of tonic 5-HT concentrations, we applied a poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)/carbon nanotube (PEDOT/CNT) electrode coating and optimized a square wave voltammetry (SWV) waveform for selective 5-HT measurement. In vitro, the PEDOT/CNT-coated GC microelectrodes achieved high sensitivity to 5-HT, good fouling resistance, and excellent selectivity against the most common neurochemical interferents. In vivo, our PEDOT/CNT-coated GC MEAs successfully detected basal 5-HT concentrations at different locations within the CA2 region of the hippocampus of both anesthetized and awake mice. Furthermore, the PEDOT/CNT-coated MEAs were able to detect tonic 5-HT in the mouse hippocampus for one week after implantation. Histology reveals that the flexible GC MEA implants caused less tissue damage and reduced inflammatory response in the hippocampus compared to commercially available stiff silicon probes. To the best of our knowledge, this PEDOT/CNT-coated GC MEA is the first implantable, flexible sensor capable of chronic in vivo multi-site sensing of tonic 5-HT.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Castagnola
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, 3501 Fifth Ave. Pittsburgh, PA 15260, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Louisiana Tech University, Ruston, LA, 818 Nelson Ave, 71272, USA
| | - Elaine M Robbins
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, 3501 Fifth Ave. Pittsburgh, PA 15260, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Daniela D Krahe
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, 3501 Fifth Ave. Pittsburgh, PA 15260, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Bingchen Wu
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, 3501 Fifth Ave. Pittsburgh, PA 15260, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Center for Neural Basis of Cognition, University of Pittsburgh, 4400 Fifth Ave, PA 15213, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA
| | - May Yoon Pwint
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, 3501 Fifth Ave. Pittsburgh, PA 15260, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Center for Neural Basis of Cognition, University of Pittsburgh, 4400 Fifth Ave, PA 15213, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA
| | - Qun Cao
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, 3501 Fifth Ave. Pittsburgh, PA 15260, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Xinyan Tracy Cui
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, 3501 Fifth Ave. Pittsburgh, PA 15260, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, 450 Technology Drive, Pittsburgh, PA, 15219-3110, USA; Center for Neural Basis of Cognition, University of Pittsburgh, 4400 Fifth Ave, PA 15213, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Zhu J, Zhu Y, Song G. Effect of Probiotic Yogurt Supplementation( Bifidobacterium animalis ssp. lactis BB-12) on Gut Microbiota of Female Taekwondo Athletes and Its Relationship with Exercise-Related Psychological Fatigue. Microorganisms 2023; 11:1403. [PMID: 37374905 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11061403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The gut microbiota plays a critical role in regulating human health and athletic performance. Probiotic supplementation has been shown to modulate gut microbiota composition and improve exercise performance. This study aimed to investigate the effect of probiotic yogurt supplementation on gut microbiota and its relationship with exercise-related psychological fatigue in female taekwondo athletes. METHODS Twenty female taekwondo athletes were randomly assigned to either a dietary intervention group (DK) or a control group (CK). The athletes' exercise-related psychological fatigue was measured using the Athlete Burnout Questionnaire (ABQ) before and after an 8-week intervention. High-throughput sequencing was used to profile the gut microbiota, and functional prediction of the microbial community was performed. The effect of the dietary intervention on the athletes' exercise-related psychological fatigue clearance rate and its relationship with the gut microbiota were explored. RESULTS (1) The probiotic supplementation of Bifidobacterium animalis ssp. lactis BB-12 for 8 weeks significantly increased the ABQ scores of the DK group compared to the CK group (p < 0.05). (2) The abundances of Bifidobacterium, Bacteroides, Lachnospiraceae, family _Lactobacillaceae, and genus _Lactobacillus were significantly higher in the DK group than in the CK group after probiotic supplementation, while Escherichia coli was significantly lower in the DK group than in the CK group. (3) The ABQa scores were positively correlated with Proteus; ABQb scores were positively correlated with Streptococcus and Enterococcus; and ABQc scores were positively correlated with Klebsiella, Bacteroides, and Streptomyces. (4) The DK group had significantly higher levels of L-arginine biosynthesis I (via L-ornithine), fatty acid biosynthesis and oxidation, and L-isoleucine biosynthesis III pathways compared to the CK group. Tyrosine degradation I (via 2,3-dihydroxyphenylpropionate) was significantly lower in the DK group than in the CK group. CONCLUSIONS Probiotic yogurt supplementation of Bifidobacterium animalis ssp. lactis can promote the clearance of exercise-related psychological fatigue in female taekwondo athletes by upregulating beneficial gut microbiota, inhibiting harmful gut microbiota, and regulating relevant metabolic pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiang Zhu
- Southwest University Hospital, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Yuping Zhu
- College of Physical Education, Southwest University, Chongqing 200715, China
| | - Gang Song
- College of Physical Education, Southwest University, Chongqing 200715, China
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Paoli M, Macri C, Giurfa M. A cognitive account of trace conditioning in insects. CURRENT OPINION IN INSECT SCIENCE 2023; 57:101034. [PMID: 37044245 DOI: 10.1016/j.cois.2023.101034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Trace conditioning is a form of Pavlovian learning in which the conditioned stimulus (CS) and the unconditioned stimulus (US) are separated by a temporal gap. Insects learn trace associations of variable nature (appetitive, aversive) and involving CSs of different sensory modalities (olfactory, visual). The accessibility of the insect neural system in behaving animals allowed identifying neural processes driving trace conditioning: the existence of prolonged neural responses to the CS after stimulus offset and the anticipation of US responses during the free-stimulus gap. Specific brain structures, such as the mushroom bodies seem to be allocated to this learning form. Here, we posit that a further component facilitating trace conditioning in insects relates to neuromodulatory mechanisms underlying enhanced attention. We thus propose a model based on different types of mushroom-body neurons, which provides a cognitive account of trace conditioning in insects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marco Paoli
- Centre de Recherches sur la Cognition Animale, Centre de Biologie Intégrative (CBI), University of Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, 31062 Toulouse cedex 9, France
| | - Catherine Macri
- Centre de Recherches sur la Cognition Animale, Centre de Biologie Intégrative (CBI), University of Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, 31062 Toulouse cedex 9, France
| | - Martin Giurfa
- Centre de Recherches sur la Cognition Animale, Centre de Biologie Intégrative (CBI), University of Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, 31062 Toulouse cedex 9, France; Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), Paris, France.
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Ramachanderan R, Schramm S, Schaefer B. Migraine drugs. CHEMTEXTS 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s40828-023-00178-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2023]
Abstract
AbstractAccording to recent studies, migraine affects more than 1 billion people worldwide, making it one of the world’s most prevalent diseases. Although this highly debilitating illness has been known since ancient times, the first therapeutic drugs to treat migraine, ergotamine (Gynergen) and dihydroergotamine (Dihydergot), did not appear on the market until 1921 and 1946, respectively. Both drugs originated from Sandoz, the world’s leading pharmaceutical company in ergot alkaloid research at the time. Historically, ergot alkaloids had been primarily used in obstetrics, but with methysergide (1-methyl-lysergic acid 1′-hydroxy-butyl-(2S)-amide), it became apparent that they also held some potential in migraine treatment. Methysergide was the first effective prophylactic drug developed specifically to prevent migraine attacks in 1959. On the basis of significantly improved knowledge of migraine pathophysiology and the discovery of serotonin and its receptors, Glaxo was able to launch sumatriptan in 1992. It was the first member from the class of triptans, which are selective 5-HT1B/1D receptor agonists. Recent innovations in acute and preventive migraine therapy include lasmiditan, a selective 5-HT1F receptor agonist from Eli Lilly, the gepants, which are calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) receptor antagonists discovered at Merck & Co and BMS, and anti-CGRP/receptor monoclonal antibodies from Amgen, Pfizer, Eli Lilly, and others.
Graphical abstract
Collapse
|
48
|
Saldanha BC, Silva PA, Maximino C, Cardoso GC, Trigo S, Soares MC. The role of serotonin in modulating common waxbill behaviour. Behav Ecol Sociobiol 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s00265-023-03316-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/01/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Serotonin or 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) is a monoaminergic neurotransmitter that is known to influence behaviour in various animal species. Its actions, however, are complex and not well-understood yet. Here, we tested whether and how two 5-HT receptor agonists and a 5-HT receptor antagonist influence behaviour in common waxbills (Estrilda astrild), focusing on aggression, movement and feeding. We applied acute administration of either 8-OH-DPAT (a 5-HT1A receptor agonist), fluoxetine (a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor; SSRI) or WAY 100,635 (a 5-HT1A receptor antagonist), and then quantified behaviour in the context of competition for food. Waxbills treated with the SSRI fluoxetine showed an overall decrease of aggressive behaviour, activity and feeding, while we found no significant effects of treatment with the other serotonergic enhancer (8-OH-DPAT) or with the antagonist WAY 100,635. Since both 8-OH-DPAT and WAY 100,635 act mainly on 5-HT1A receptor pathways, while fluoxetine more generally affects 5-HT pathways, our results suggest that receptors other than 5-HT1A are important for serotonergic modulation of waxbill behaviour.
Significance statement
The serotonergic system is of interest for current behavioural research due to its influence on a range of behaviours, including aggression, affiliative behaviour, feeding and locomotion in various species. There are, however, numerous discrepancies regarding the behavioural effects of serotonin across studies. We used acute pharmacological manipulations of the serotonergic system in common waxbills, using two serotonin enhancers (8-OH-DPAT and fluoxetine) and a serotonin blocker (WAY 100,635). Behavioural effects of these pharmacological manipulations on aggressiveness, movement and feeding, during tests of competition over food, indicated an anxiogenic-like effect of fluoxetine, but not of 8-OH-DPAT and WAY 100,635. This suggests a distinct role for different serotonergic pathways on waxbill behaviour.
Collapse
|
49
|
Taracha E, Czarna M, Turzyńska D, Maciejak P. Amphetamine-induced prolonged disturbances in tissue levels of dopamine and serotonin in the rat brain. Pharmacol Rep 2023; 75:596-608. [PMID: 36944909 DOI: 10.1007/s43440-023-00472-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2022] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A hallmark of psychostimulants is the persistence of neurobiological changes they produce. The difficulty in reversing long-time effects of psychostimulants use is why addiction therapy is so ineffective. This study aimed to look for such drug-induced changes that can be detected even after many weeks of abstinence. METHODS Rats were given 12 doses of amphetamine (Amph) at 1.5 mg/kg. The rewarding effect of Amph was assessed using ultrasonic vocalization. After 14 and 28 days of abstinence, tissue levels of dopamine (DA), serotonin (5-HT), and their metabolites were measured in the prefrontal cortex (PFC), nucleus accumbens (Acb), dorsomedial (CPuM), and dorsolateral (CPuL) striatum. RESULTS After 28 days of abstinence, DA levels were increased in the dorsal striatum while 5-HT levels were decreased in all brain regions studied. The opposite direction of changes in DA and 5-HT tissue levels observed in the dorsal striatum may be related to the changes in the emotional state during abstinence and may contribute to the incubation of craving and relapses. Tissue levels of 5-HT and DA showed intra- and inter-structural correlations, most pronounced after 14 days of abstinence. Most of them were absent in the control group (ctrl), which may indicate that their appearance was related to the changes induced by earlier Amph administration. We did not find any associations between reward sensitivity and the persistence of Amph-induced neurochemical disturbances. CONCLUSIONS Administration of 12 moderate doses of Amph causes prolonged changes in DA and 5-HT tissue levels. The direction and severity of the changes are dependent on the brain region and the neurotransmitter studied.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ewa Taracha
- Department of Neurochemistry, Institute of Psychiatry and Neurology, 9 Sobieskiego St., 02-957, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Magdalena Czarna
- Department of Neurochemistry, Institute of Psychiatry and Neurology, 9 Sobieskiego St., 02-957, Warsaw, Poland
- Department of Experimental Oncology and Preclinical Research, The Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, 5 Wilhelma Roentgena St., 02-781, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Danuta Turzyńska
- Department of Neurochemistry, Institute of Psychiatry and Neurology, 9 Sobieskiego St., 02-957, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Piotr Maciejak
- Department of Neurochemistry, Institute of Psychiatry and Neurology, 9 Sobieskiego St., 02-957, Warsaw, Poland
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Centre for Preclinical Research and Technology, Medical University of Warsaw, 1B Banacha St., 02-097, Warsaw, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
The Tryptophan and Kynurenine Pathway Involved in the Development of Immune-Related Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24065742. [PMID: 36982811 PMCID: PMC10051340 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The tryptophan and kynurenine pathway is well-known to play an important role in nervous, endocrine, and immune systems, as well as in the development of inflammatory diseases. It has been documented that some kynurenine metabolites are considered to have anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory, and/or neuroprotective properties. Importantly, many of these kynurenine metabolites may possess immune-regulatory properties that could alleviate the inflammation response. The abnormal activation of the tryptophan and kynurenine pathway might be involved in the pathophysiological process of various immune-related diseases, such as inflammatory bowel disease, cardiovascular disease, osteoporosis, and/or polycystic ovary syndrome. Interestingly, kynurenine metabolites may be involved in the brain memory system and/or intricate immunity via the modulation of glial function. In the further deliberation of this concept with engram, the roles of gut microbiota could lead to the development of remarkable treatments for the prevention of and/or the therapeutics for various intractable immune-related diseases.
Collapse
|