1
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Wang C, Wen J, Liu Y, Yu B, Yang S. SOS2-AFP2 module regulates seed germination by inducing ABI5 degradation in response to salt stress in Arabidopsis. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 723:150190. [PMID: 38838447 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.150190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2024] [Revised: 05/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
Soil salinity pose a significant challenge to global agriculture, threatening crop yields and food security. Understanding the salt tolerance mechanisms of plants is crucial for improving their survival under salt stress. AFP2, a negative regulator of ABA signaling, has been shown to play a crucial role in salt stress tolerance during seed germination. Mutations in AFP2 gene lead to increased sensitivity to salt stress. However, the underline mechanisms by which AFP2 regulates seed germination under salt stress remain elusive. In this study, we identified a protein interaction between AFP2 and SOS2, a Ser/Thr protein kinase known to play a critical role in salt stress response. Using a combination of genetic, biochemical, and physiological approaches, we investigated the role of the SOS2-AFP2 module in regulating seed germination under salt stress. Our findings reveal that SOS2 physically interacts with AFP2 and stabilizes it, leading to the degradation of the ABI5 protein, a negative transcription factor in seed germination under salt stress. This study sheds light on previously unknown connections within salt stress and ABA signaling, paving the way for novel strategies to enhance plant resilience against environmental challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuntao Wang
- Yuxi Normal University, Yuxi, 653100, China; Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, China.
| | - Jing Wen
- Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yuanyuan Liu
- Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Buzhu Yu
- Yuxi Normal University, Yuxi, 653100, China
| | - Shuda Yang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science & Yunnan Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Products, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650500, China
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2
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Sun W, Xia L, Deng J, Sun S, Yue D, You J, Wang M, Jin S, Zhu L, Lindsey K, Zhang X, Yang X. Evolution and subfunctionalization of CIPK6 homologous genes in regulating cotton drought resistance. Nat Commun 2024; 15:5733. [PMID: 38977687 PMCID: PMC11231324 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-50097-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024] Open
Abstract
The occurrence of whole-genome duplication or polyploidy may promote plant adaptability to harsh environments. Here, we clarify the evolutionary relationship of eight GhCIPK6 homologous genes in upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum). Gene expression and interaction analyses indicate that GhCIPK6 homologous genes show significant functional changes after polyploidy. Among these, GhCIPK6D1 and GhCIPK6D3 are significantly up-regulated by drought stress. Functional studies reveal that high GhCIPK6D1 expression promotes cotton drought sensitivity, while GhCIPK6D3 expression promotes drought tolerance, indicating clear functional differentiation. Genetic and biochemical analyses confirm the synergistic negative and positive regulation of cotton drought resistance through GhCBL1A1-GhCIPK6D1 and GhCBL2A1-GhCIPK6D3, respectively, to regulate stomatal movement by controlling the directional flow of K+ in guard cells. These results reveal differentiated roles of GhCIPK6 homologous genes in response to drought stress in upland cotton following polyploidy. The work provides a different perspective for exploring the functionalization and subfunctionalization of duplicated genes in response to polyploidization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weinan Sun
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, P. R. China
| | - Linjie Xia
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, P. R. China
| | - Jinwu Deng
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, P. R. China
| | - Simin Sun
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, P. R. China
| | - Dandan Yue
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, P. R. China
| | - Jiaqi You
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, P. R. China
| | - Maojun Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, P. R. China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, China
| | - Shuangxia Jin
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, P. R. China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, China
| | - Longfu Zhu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, P. R. China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, China
| | - Keith Lindsey
- Department of Biosciences, Durham University, Durham, UK
| | - Xianlong Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, P. R. China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiyan Yang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, P. R. China.
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, China.
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3
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Das PK, Bhatnagar T, Banik S, Majumdar S, Dutta D. Structural and molecular dynamics simulation studies of CBL-interacting protein kinase CIPK and its complexes related to plant salinity stress. J Mol Model 2024; 30:248. [PMID: 38965105 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-024-06037-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024]
Abstract
CONTEXT Calcium-dependent signaling in plants is responsible for several major cellular events, including the activation of the salinity-responsive pathways. Calcium binds to calcineurin B-like protein (CBL), and the resulting CBL-Ca2+ complex binds to CBL-interacting protein kinase (CIPK). The CBL-CIPK complex enhances the CIPK interaction with an upstream kinase. The upstream kinase phosphorylates CIPK that, in turn, phosphorylates membrane transporters. Phosphorylation influences transporter activity to kick-start many downstream functions, such as balancing the cytosolic Na+-to-K+ ratio. The CBL-CIPK interaction is pivotal for Ca2+-dependent salinity stress signaling. METHODS Computational methods are used to model the entire Arabidopsis thaliana CIPK24 protein structure in its autoinhibited and open-activated states. Arabidopsis thaliana CIPK24-CBL4 complex is predicted based on the protein-protein docking methods. The available structural and functional data support the CIPK24 and the CIPK24-CBL4 complex models. Models are energy-minimized and subjected to molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. MD simulations for 500 ns and 300 ns enabled us to predict the importance of conserved residues of the proteins. Finally, the work is extended to predict the CIPK24-CBL4 complex with the upstream kinase GRIK2. MD simulation for 300 ns on the ternary complex structure enabled us to identify the critical CIPK24-GRIK2 interactions. Together, these data could be used to engineer the CBL-CIPK interaction network for developing salt tolerance in crops.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tanya Bhatnagar
- Department of Biotechnology, Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology, Patiala, India
| | - Sanhita Banik
- Department of Biotechnology, Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology, Patiala, India
| | - Sambit Majumdar
- Department of Biotechnology, Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology, Patiala, India
| | - Debajyoti Dutta
- Department of Biotechnology, Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology, Patiala, India.
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4
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Yuan G, Nong T, Hunpatin OS, Shi C, Su X, Wang Q, Liu H, Dai P, Ning Y. Research Progress on Plant Shaker K + Channels. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:1423. [PMID: 38794493 PMCID: PMC11125005 DOI: 10.3390/plants13101423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2024] [Revised: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
Plant growth and development are driven by intricate processes, with the cell membrane serving as a crucial interface between cells and their external environment. Maintaining balance and signal transduction across the cell membrane is essential for cellular stability and a host of life processes. Ion channels play a critical role in regulating intracellular ion concentrations and potentials. Among these, K+ channels on plant cell membranes are of paramount importance. The research of Shaker K+ channels has become a paradigm in the study of plant ion channels. This study offers a comprehensive overview of advancements in Shaker K+ channels, including insights into protein structure, function, regulatory mechanisms, and research techniques. Investigating Shaker K+ channels has enhanced our understanding of the regulatory mechanisms governing ion absorption and transport in plant cells. This knowledge offers invaluable guidance for enhancing crop yields and improving resistance to environmental stressors. Moreover, an extensive review of research methodologies in Shaker K+ channel studies provides essential reference solutions for researchers, promoting further advancements in ion channel research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang Yuan
- Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China
- Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Tongjia Nong
- Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China
- Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Oluwaseyi Setonji Hunpatin
- Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China
- Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Chuhan Shi
- Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China
- Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Xiaoqing Su
- Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China
- Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Qian Wang
- Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China
| | - Haobao Liu
- Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China
| | - Peigang Dai
- Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China
| | - Yang Ning
- Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China
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Jiao F, Zhang D, Chen Y, Wu J. Genome-Wide Identification of Members of the Soybean CBL Gene Family and Characterization of the Functional Role of GmCBL1 in Responses to Saline and Alkaline Stress. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:1304. [PMID: 38794375 PMCID: PMC11124892 DOI: 10.3390/plants13101304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
Calcium ions function as key messengers in the context of intracellular signal transduction. The ability of plants to respond to biotic and abiotic stressors is highly dependent on the calcineurin B-like protein (CBL) and CBL-interacting protein kinase (CIPK) signaling network. Here, a comprehensive effort was made to identify all members of the soybean CBL gene family, leading to the identification of 15 total genes distributed randomly across nine chromosomes, including 13 segmental duplicates. All the GmCBL gene subfamilies presented with similar gene structures and conserved motifs. Analyses of the expression of these genes in different tissues revealed that the majority of these GmCBLs were predominantly expressed in the roots. Significant GmCBL expression and activity increases were also observed in response to a range of stress-related treatments, including salt stress, alkaline stress, osmotic stress, or exposure to salicylic acid, brassinosteroids, or abscisic acid. Striking increases in GmCBL1 expression were observed in response to alkaline and salt stress. Subsequent analyses revealed that GmCBL1 was capable of enhancing soybean salt and alkali tolerance through the regulation of redox reactions. These results offer new insight into the complex mechanisms through which the soybean CBL gene family regulates the responses of these plants to environmental stressors, highlighting promising targets for efforts aimed at enhancing soybean stress tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Jinhua Wu
- College of Agriculture, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, China; (F.J.); (D.Z.); (Y.C.)
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6
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Kaya C, Uğurlar F, Adamakis IDS. Molecular Mechanisms of CBL-CIPK Signaling Pathway in Plant Abiotic Stress Tolerance and Hormone Crosstalk. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:5043. [PMID: 38732261 PMCID: PMC11084290 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25095043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Revised: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Abiotic stressors, including drought, salt, cold, and heat, profoundly impact plant growth and development, forcing elaborate cellular responses for adaptation and resilience. Among the crucial orchestrators of these responses is the CBL-CIPK pathway, comprising calcineurin B-like proteins (CBLs) and CBL-interacting protein kinases (CIPKs). While CIPKs act as serine/threonine protein kinases, transmitting calcium signals, CBLs function as calcium sensors, influencing the plant's response to abiotic stress. This review explores the intricate interactions between the CBL-CIPK pathway and plant hormones such as ABA, auxin, ethylene, and jasmonic acid (JA). It highlights their role in fine-tuning stress responses for optimal survival and acclimatization. Building on previous studies that demonstrated the enhanced stress tolerance achieved by upregulating CBL and CIPK genes, we explore the regulatory mechanisms involving post-translational modifications and protein-protein interactions. Despite significant contributions from prior research, gaps persist in understanding the nuanced interplay between the CBL-CIPK system and plant hormone signaling under diverse abiotic stress conditions. In contrast to broader perspectives, our review focuses on the interaction of the pathway with crucial plant hormones and its implications for genetic engineering interventions to enhance crop stress resilience. This specialized perspective aims to contribute novel insights to advance our understanding of the potential of the CBL-CIPK pathway to mitigate crops' abiotic stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cengiz Kaya
- Soil Science and Plant Nutrition Department, Agriculture Faculty, Harran University, Sanliurfa 63200, Turkey; (C.K.); (F.U.)
| | - Ferhat Uğurlar
- Soil Science and Plant Nutrition Department, Agriculture Faculty, Harran University, Sanliurfa 63200, Turkey; (C.K.); (F.U.)
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7
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Xia C, Zhang X, Zuo Y, Zhang X, Zhang H, Wang B, Deng H. Genome-wide identification, expression analysis, and abiotic stress response of the CBL and CIPK gene families in Artocarpus nanchuanensis. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 267:131454. [PMID: 38588845 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.131454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
Artocarpus nanchuanensis, the northernmost species in the jackfruit genus, has great economic and horticultural value due to its nutritious fruit and beautiful tree shape. Calcineurin B-like proteins (CBLs) act as plant-specific Ca2+ sensors and participate in regulating plant responses to various abiotic stresses by interacting with CBL-interacting protein kinases (CIPKs). However, the characteristics and functions of the CBL and CIPK genes in A. nanchuanensis are still unclear. Here, we identified 14 CBL and 33 CIPK genes from the A. nanchuanensis genome, and based on phylogenetic analysis, they were divided into 4 and 7 clades, respectively. Gene structure and motif analysis indicated that the AnCBL and AnCIPK genes were relatively conserved. Colinear analysis showed that segmental duplication contributed to the expansion of the AnCBL and AnCIPK gene families. Expression analysis showed that AnCBL and AnCIPK genes were widely expressed in various tissues of A. nanchuanensis and exhibited tissue-specific expression. In addition, three genes (AnCBL6, AnCIPK7/8) may play important roles in response to salt, cold, and drought stresses. In summary, this study lays an important foundation for the improvement of stress resistance in A. nanchuanensis and provides new insight for the functional research on CBL and CIPK gene families.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changying Xia
- Center for Biodiversity Conservation and Utilization, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiao Zhang
- Center for Biodiversity Conservation and Utilization, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Youwei Zuo
- Center for Biodiversity Conservation and Utilization, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaoxia Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Huan Zhang
- Center for Biodiversity Conservation and Utilization, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Binru Wang
- Center for Biodiversity Conservation and Utilization, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hongping Deng
- Center for Biodiversity Conservation and Utilization, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China.
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8
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Xie Q, Yin X, Wang Y, Qi Y, Pan C, Sulaymanov S, Qiu QS, Zhou Y, Jiang X. The signalling pathways, calcineurin B-like protein 5 (CBL5)-CBL-interacting protein kinase 8 (CIPK8)/CIPK24-salt overly sensitive 1 (SOS1), transduce salt signals in seed germination in Arabidopsis. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2024; 47:1486-1502. [PMID: 38238896 DOI: 10.1111/pce.14820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
For plant growth under salt stress, sensing and transducing salt signals are central to cellular Na+ homoeostasis. The calcineurin B-like protein (CBL)-CBL-interacting protein kinase (CIPK) complexes play critical roles in transducing salt signals in plants. Here, we show that CBL5, an ortholog of CBL4 and CBL10 in Arabidopsis, interacts with and recruits CIPK8/CIPK24 to the plasma membrane. Yeast cells coexpressing CBL5, CIPK8/CIPK24 and SOS1 demonstrated lesser Na+ accumulation and a better growth phenotype than the untransformed or SOS1 transgenic yeast cells under salinity. Overexpression of CBL5 improved the growth of the cipk8 or cipk24 single mutant but not the cipk8 cipk24 double mutant under salt stress, suggesting that CIPK8 and CIPK24 were the downstream targets of CBL5. Interestingly, seed germination in cbl5 was severely inhibited by NaCl, which was recovered by the overexpression of CBL5. Furthermore, CBL5 was mainly expressed in the cotyledons and hypocotyls, which are essential to seed germination. Na+ efflux activity in the hypocotyls of cbl5 was reduced relative to the wild-type under salt stress, enhancing Na+ accumulation. These findings indicate that CBL5 functions in seed germination and protects seeds and germinating seedlings from salt stress through the CBL5-CIPK8/CIPK24-SOS1 pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Xie
- National Center for Technology Innovation of Saline-Alkali Tolerant Rice/College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Xiaochang Yin
- Key Laboratory for Quality Regulation of Tropical Horticultural Crops of Hainan Province, School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry (School of Agricultural and Rural Affairs, School of Rural Revitalization), Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Yu Wang
- National Center for Technology Innovation of Saline-Alkali Tolerant Rice/College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Yuting Qi
- MOE Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations/School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Chengcai Pan
- National Center for Technology Innovation of Saline-Alkali Tolerant Rice/College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Sunnatulla Sulaymanov
- National Center for Technology Innovation of Saline-Alkali Tolerant Rice/College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Quan-Sheng Qiu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations/School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yang Zhou
- Key Laboratory for Quality Regulation of Tropical Horticultural Crops of Hainan Province, School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry (School of Agricultural and Rural Affairs, School of Rural Revitalization), Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Xingyu Jiang
- National Center for Technology Innovation of Saline-Alkali Tolerant Rice/College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
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9
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Lian S, Chen Y, Zhou Y, Feng T, Chen J, Liang L, Qian Y, Huang T, Zhang C, Wu F, Zou W, Li Z, Meng L, Li M. Functional differentiation and genetic diversity of rice cation exchanger (CAX) genes and their potential use in rice improvement. Sci Rep 2024; 14:8642. [PMID: 38622172 PMCID: PMC11018787 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-58224-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Cation exchanger (CAX) genes play an important role in plant growth/development and response to biotic and abiotic stresses. Here, we tried to obtain important information on the functionalities and phenotypic effects of CAX gene family by systematic analyses of their expression patterns, genetic diversity (gene CDS haplotypes, structural variations, gene presence/absence variations) in 3010 rice genomes and nine parents of 496 Huanghuazhan introgression lines, the frequency shifts of the predominant gcHaps at these loci to artificial selection during modern breeding, and their association with tolerances to several abiotic stresses. Significant amounts of variation also exist in the cis-regulatory elements (CREs) of the OsCAX gene promoters in 50 high-quality rice genomes. The functional differentiation of OsCAX gene family were reflected primarily by their tissue and development specific expression patterns and in varied responses to different treatments, by unique sets of CREs in their promoters and their associations with specific agronomic traits/abiotic stress tolerances. Our results indicated that OsCAX1a and OsCAX2 as general signal transporters were in many processes of rice growth/development and responses to diverse environments, but they might be of less value in rice improvement. OsCAX1b, OsCAX1c, OsCAX3 and OsCAX4 was expected to be of potential value in rice improvement because of their associations with specific traits, responsiveness to specific abiotic stresses or phytohormones, and relatively high gcHap and CRE diversity. Our strategy was demonstrated to be highly efficient to obtain important genetic information on genes/alleles of specific gene family and can be used to systematically characterize the other rice gene families.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shangshu Lian
- School of Agronomy, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, 518120, China
| | - Yanjun Chen
- School of Agronomy, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Yanyan Zhou
- School of Agronomy, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Ting Feng
- School of Agronomy, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Jingsi Chen
- School of Agronomy, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Lunping Liang
- School of Agronomy, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Yingzhi Qian
- School of Agronomy, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Tao Huang
- School of Agronomy, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Chenyang Zhang
- School of Agronomy, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Fengcai Wu
- School of Agronomy, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Wenli Zou
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, 518120, China
| | - Zhikang Li
- School of Agronomy, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, 518120, China
| | - Lijun Meng
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, 518120, China.
| | - Min Li
- School of Agronomy, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China.
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10
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Liu T, Yang Y, Zhu R, Wang Q, Wang Y, Shi M, Kai G. Genome-Wide Identification and Expression Analysis of Sucrose Nonfermenting 1-Related Protein Kinase ( SnRK) Genes in Salvia miltiorrhiza in Response to Hormone. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:994. [PMID: 38611523 PMCID: PMC11013873 DOI: 10.3390/plants13070994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
The SnRK gene family is the chief component of plant stress resistance and metabolism through activating the phosphorylation of downstream proteins. S. miltiorrhiza is widely used for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases in Asian countries. However, information about the SnRK gene family of S. miltiorrhiza is not clear. The aim of this study is to comprehensively analyze the SnRK gene family of S. miltiorrhiza and its response to phytohormone. Here, 33 SmSnRK genes were identified and divided into three subfamilies (SmSnRK1, SmSnRK2 and SmSnRK3) according to phylogenetic analysis and domain. SmSnRK genes within same subgroup shared similar protein motif composition and were unevenly distributed on eight chromosomes of S. miltiorrhiza. Cis-acting element analysis showed that the promoter of SmSnRK genes was enriched with ABRE motifs. Expression pattern analysis revealed that SmSnRK genes were preferentially expressed in leaves and roots. Most SmSnRK genes were induced by ABA and MeJA treatment. Correlation analysis showed that SmSnRK3.15 and SmSnRK3.18 might positively regulate tanshinone biosynthesis; SmSnRK3.10 and SmSnRK3.12 might positively regulate salvianolic acid biosynthesis. RNAi-based silencing of SmSnRK2.6 down-regulated the biosynthesis of tanshinones and biosynthetic genes expression. An in vitro phosphorylation assay verified that SmSnRK2.2 interacted with and phosphorylated SmAREB1. These findings will provide a valuable basis for the functional characterization of SmSnRK genes and quality improvement of S. miltiorrhiza.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingyao Liu
- College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Yinkai Yang
- Zhejiang Provincial TCM Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Resource Innovation and Transformation, Zhejiang International Science and Technology Cooperation Base for Active Ingredients of Medicinal and Edible Plants and Health, Jinhua Academy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China
| | - Ruiyan Zhu
- College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Qichao Wang
- Zhejiang Provincial TCM Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Resource Innovation and Transformation, Zhejiang International Science and Technology Cooperation Base for Active Ingredients of Medicinal and Edible Plants and Health, Jinhua Academy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China
| | - Yao Wang
- Zhejiang Provincial TCM Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Resource Innovation and Transformation, Zhejiang International Science and Technology Cooperation Base for Active Ingredients of Medicinal and Edible Plants and Health, Jinhua Academy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China
| | - Min Shi
- Zhejiang Provincial TCM Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Resource Innovation and Transformation, Zhejiang International Science and Technology Cooperation Base for Active Ingredients of Medicinal and Edible Plants and Health, Jinhua Academy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China
| | - Guoyin Kai
- College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
- Zhejiang Provincial TCM Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Resource Innovation and Transformation, Zhejiang International Science and Technology Cooperation Base for Active Ingredients of Medicinal and Edible Plants and Health, Jinhua Academy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China
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11
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Wang J, Zhang Q, Tung J, Zhang X, Liu D, Deng Y, Tian Z, Chen H, Wang T, Yin W, Li B, Lai Z, Dinesh-Kumar SP, Baker B, Li F. High-quality assembled and annotated genomes of Nicotiana tabacum and Nicotiana benthamiana reveal chromosome evolution and changes in defense arsenals. MOLECULAR PLANT 2024; 17:423-437. [PMID: 38273657 DOI: 10.1016/j.molp.2024.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/21/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
Nicotiana tabacum and Nicotiana benthamiana are widely used models in plant biology research. However, genomic studies of these species have lagged. Here we report the chromosome-level reference genome assemblies for N. benthamiana and N. tabacum with an estimated 99.5% and 99.8% completeness, respectively. Sensitive transcription start and termination site sequencing methods were developed and used for accurate gene annotation in N. tabacum. Comparative analyses revealed evidence for the parental origins and chromosome structural changes, leading to hybrid genome formation of each species. Interestingly, the antiviral silencing genes RDR1, RDR6, DCL2, DCL3, and AGO2 were lost from one or both subgenomes in N. benthamiana, while both homeologs were kept in N. tabacum. Furthermore, the N. benthamiana genome encodes fewer immune receptors and signaling components than that of N. tabacum. These findings uncover possible reasons underlying the hypersusceptible nature of N. benthamiana. We developed the user-friendly Nicomics (http://lifenglab.hzau.edu.cn/Nicomics/) web server to facilitate better use of Nicotiana genomic resources as well as gene structure and expression analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jubin Wang
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization for Fruit and Vegetable Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China; The Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Genetic and Improvement of Jiangxi Province, Institute of Biological Resources, Jiangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanchang 330299, China
| | - Qingling Zhang
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization for Fruit and Vegetable Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China; Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Jiangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanchang 330200, China
| | - Jeffrey Tung
- Plant Gene Expression Center, Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94706, USA
| | - Xi Zhang
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization for Fruit and Vegetable Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Dan Liu
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization for Fruit and Vegetable Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Yingtian Deng
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization for Fruit and Vegetable Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Zhendong Tian
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization for Fruit and Vegetable Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China; Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Huilan Chen
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization for Fruit and Vegetable Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Taotao Wang
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization for Fruit and Vegetable Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Weixiao Yin
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Bo Li
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China; Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Zhibing Lai
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China; Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Savithramma P Dinesh-Kumar
- Department of Plant Biology and The Genome Center, College of Biological Sciences, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Barbara Baker
- Plant Gene Expression Center, Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94706, USA.
| | - Feng Li
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization for Fruit and Vegetable Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China; Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China.
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12
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Lv B, Wang T, Wang M, Gan H, Feng Q, Ma P. Genome-wide identification of CBL gene family in Salvia miltiorrhiza and the characterization of SmCBL3 under salt stress. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 207:108384. [PMID: 38277834 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.108384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 01/28/2024]
Abstract
In plants, CBL mediated calcium signaling is widely involved in the response to plant stresses of adversity. However, to date, no comprehensive studies have been conducted on CBL family members in Salvia miltiorrhiza. Herein, we identified 8 SmCBLs in S. miltiorrhiza, and phylogenetic analysis classified SmCBLs into four groups. Analysis of cis-acting elements revealed that SmCBLs mostly have light-responsive and hormone-responsive elements. Tissue expression analysis indicated that almost all of SmCBLs were expressed in roots than in leaves and flowers. SmCBL3 responded to Abscisic Acid (ABA), polyethylene glycol (PEG), and NaCl treatments. Transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana that overexpressed SmCBL3 had higher germination rates and longer roots than the wild type (WT) when exposed to salt stress. Additionally, the transgenic lines exhibited higher levels of chlorophyll, proline, superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), and catalase (CAT) activity and SOS1, NHX1 and P5CS1 expression than WT, and lower levels of malondialdehyde (MDA). Furthermore, SmCBL3 interacts with SmCIPK9. In conclusion, we analyzed the protein physicochemical properties, evolutionary relationships, gene structures, and expression profiles of the SmCBL gene families in S. miltiorrhiza. Overexpression of SmCBL3 improves the salt tolerance of transgenic Arabidopsis. This study demonstrated that SmCBL3 is a positive regulator of plant salt tolerance, so the use of overexpressed SmCBL3 may serve as a potential strategy to enhance plant salt tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingbing Lv
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Tong Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Mei Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Hui Gan
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Qiaoqiao Feng
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Pengda Ma
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China.
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13
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Ahmed R, Dey KK, Senthil-Kumar M, Modi MK, Sarmah BK, Bhorali P. Comparative transcriptome profiling reveals differential defense responses among Alternaria brassicicola resistant Sinapis alba and susceptible Brassica rapa. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 14:1251349. [PMID: 38304451 PMCID: PMC10831657 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1251349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
Alternaria blight is a devastating disease that causes significant crop losses in oilseed Brassicas every year. Adoption of conventional breeding to generate disease-resistant varieties has so far been unsuccessful due to the lack of suitable resistant source germplasms of cultivated Brassica spp. A thorough understanding of the molecular basis of resistance, as well as the identification of defense-related genes involved in resistance responses in closely related wild germplasms, would substantially aid in disease management. In the current study, a comparative transcriptome profiling was performed using Illumina based RNA-seq to detect differentially expressed genes (DEGs) specifically modulated in response to Alternaria brassicicola infection in resistant Sinapis alba, a close relative of Brassicas, and the highly susceptible Brassica rapa. The analysis revealed that, at 48 hpi (hours post inoculation), 3396 genes were upregulated and 23239 were downregulated, whereas at 72 hpi, 4023 genes were upregulated and 21116 were downregulated. Furthermore, a large number of defense response genes were detected to be specifically regulated as a result of Alternaria infection. The transcriptome data was validated using qPCR-based expression profiling for selected defense-related DEGs, that revealed significantly higher fold change in gene expression in S. alba when compared to B. rapa. Expression of most of the selected genes was elevated across all the time points under study with significantly higher expression towards the later time point of 72 hpi in the resistant germplasm. S. alba activates a stronger defense response reaction against the disease by deploying an array of genes and transcription factors involved in a wide range of biological processes such as pathogen recognition, signal transduction, cell wall modification, antioxidation, transcription regulation, etc. Overall, the study provides new insights on resistance of S. alba against A. brassicicola, which will aid in devising strategies for breeding resistant varieties of oilseed Brassica.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reshma Ahmed
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Assam Agricultural University, Jorhat, Assam, India
| | - Kuntal Kumar Dey
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Assam Agricultural University, Jorhat, Assam, India
| | | | - Mahendra Kumar Modi
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Assam Agricultural University, Jorhat, Assam, India
| | - Bidyut Kumar Sarmah
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Assam Agricultural University, Jorhat, Assam, India
- Department of Biotechnology - Northeast Centre for Agricultural Biotechnology, Assam Agricultural University, Jorhat, Assam, India
| | - Priyadarshini Bhorali
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Assam Agricultural University, Jorhat, Assam, India
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14
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Ye Z, Yang R, Xue Y, Xu Z, He Y, Chen X, Ren Q, Sun J, Ma X, Hu J, Yang L. Evidence for the role of sound on the growth and signal response in duckweed. PLANT SIGNALING & BEHAVIOR 2023; 18:2163346. [PMID: 36634685 PMCID: PMC9839374 DOI: 10.1080/15592324.2022.2163346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Sound vibration, an external mechanical force, has been proven to modulate plant growth and development like rain, wind, and vibration. However, the role of sound on plants, especially on signal response, has been usually neglected in research. Herein, we investigated the growth state, gene expression, and signal response in duckweed treated with soft music. The protein content in duckweed after music treatment for 7 days was about 1.6 times that in duckweed without music treatment. Additionally, the potential maximum photochemical efficiency of photosystem II (Fv/Fm) ratio in duckweed treated with music was 0.78, which was significantly higher in comparison with the control group (P < .01). Interestingly, music promoted the Glu and Ca signaling response. To further explore the global molecular mechanism, we performed transcriptome analysis and the library preparations were sequenced on an Illumina Hiseq platform. A total of 1296 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were found for all these investigated genes in duckweed treated with music compared to the control group. Among these, up-regulation of the expression of metabolism-related genes related to glycolysis, cell wall biosynthesis, oxidative phosphorylation, and pentose phosphate pathways were found. Overall, these results provided a molecular basis to music-triggered signal response, transcriptomic, and growth changes in duckweed, which also highlighted the potential of music as an environmentally friendly stimulus to promote improved protein production in duckweed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi Ye
- College of Music, Film & Television, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, China
| | - Rui Yang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Animal and Plant Resistance, College of Life Sciences, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, China
| | - Ying Xue
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Animal and Plant Resistance, College of Life Sciences, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, China
| | - Ziyi Xu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Animal and Plant Resistance, College of Life Sciences, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yuman He
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Animal and Plant Resistance, College of Life Sciences, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xinglin Chen
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Animal and Plant Resistance, College of Life Sciences, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, China
| | - Qiuting Ren
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Animal and Plant Resistance, College of Life Sciences, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jinge Sun
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Animal and Plant Resistance, College of Life Sciences, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xu Ma
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Animal and Plant Resistance, College of Life Sciences, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jerri Hu
- Tianjin Radiant Banyan Development Centre for Children with Special Needs, Tianjin, China
| | - Lin Yang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Animal and Plant Resistance, College of Life Sciences, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, China
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15
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Lindberg S, Premkumar A. Ion Changes and Signaling under Salt Stress in Wheat and Other Important Crops. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:46. [PMID: 38202354 PMCID: PMC10780558 DOI: 10.3390/plants13010046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
High concentrations of sodium (Na+), chloride (Cl-), calcium (Ca2+), and sulphate (SO42-) are frequently found in saline soils. Crop plants cannot successfully develop and produce because salt stress impairs the uptake of Ca2+, potassium (K+), and water into plant cells. Different intracellular and extracellular ionic concentrations change with salinity, including those of Ca2+, K+, and protons. These cations serve as stress signaling molecules in addition to being essential for ionic homeostasis and nutrition. Maintaining an appropriate K+:Na+ ratio is one crucial plant mechanism for salt tolerance, which is a complicated trait. Another important mechanism is the ability for fast extrusion of Na+ from the cytosol. Ca2+ is established as a ubiquitous secondary messenger, which transmits various stress signals into metabolic alterations that cause adaptive responses. When plants are under stress, the cytosolic-free Ca2+ concentration can rise to 10 times or more from its resting level of 50-100 nanomolar. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are linked to the Ca2+ alterations and are produced by stress. Depending on the type, frequency, and intensity of the stress, the cytosolic Ca2+ signals oscillate, are transient, or persist for a longer period and exhibit specific "signatures". Both the influx and efflux of Ca2+ affect the length and amplitude of the signal. According to several reports, under stress Ca2+ alterations can occur not only in the cytoplasm of the cell but also in the cell walls, nucleus, and other cell organelles and the Ca2+ waves propagate through the whole plant. Here, we will focus on how wheat and other important crops absorb Na+, K+, and Cl- when plants are under salt stress, as well as how Ca2+, K+, and pH cause intracellular signaling and homeostasis. Similar mechanisms in the model plant Arabidopsis will also be considered. Knowledge of these processes is important for understanding how plants react to salinity stress and for the development of tolerant crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylvia Lindberg
- Department of Ecology, Environment and Plant Sciences, Stockholm University, SE-114 18 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Albert Premkumar
- Bharathiyar Group of Institutes, Guduvanchery 603202, Tamilnadu, India;
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Ndayambaza B, Si J, Deng Y, Jia B, He X, Zhou D, Wang C, Zhu X, Liu Z, Qin J, Wang B, Bai X. The Euphrates Poplar Responses to Abiotic Stress and Its Unique Traits in Dry Regions of China (Xinjiang and Inner Mongolia): What Should We Know? Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:2213. [PMID: 38137039 PMCID: PMC10743205 DOI: 10.3390/genes14122213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
At the moment, drought, salinity, and low-temperature stress are ubiquitous environmental issues. In arid regions including Xinjiang and Inner Mongolia and other areas worldwide, the area of tree plantations appears to be rising, triggering tree growth. Water is a vital resource in the agricultural systems of countries impacted by aridity and salinity. Worldwide efforts to reduce quantitative yield losses on Populus euphratica by adapting tree plant production to unfavorable environmental conditions have been made in response to the responsiveness of the increasing control of water stress. Although there has been much advancement in identifying the genes that resist abiotic stresses, little is known about how plants such as P. euphratica deal with numerous abiotic stresses. P. euphratica is a varied riparian plant that can tolerate drought, salinity, low temperatures, and climate change, and has a variety of water stress adaptability abilities. To conduct this review, we gathered all available information throughout the Web of Science, the Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure, and the National Center for Biotechnology Information on the impact of abiotic stress on the molecular mechanism and evolution of gene families at the transcription level. The data demonstrated that P. euphratica might gradually adapt its stomatal aperture, photosynthesis, antioxidant activities, xylem architecture, and hydraulic conductivity to endure extreme drought and salt stress. Our analyses will give readers an understanding of how to manage a gene family in desert trees and the influence of abiotic stresses on the productivity of tree plants. They will also give readers the knowledge necessary to improve biotechnology-based tree plant stress tolerance for sustaining yield and quality trees in China's arid regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boniface Ndayambaza
- Key Laboratory of Ecohydrology of Inland River Basin, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; (B.N.); (B.J.); (X.H.); (D.Z.); (C.W.); (X.Z.); (Z.L.); (J.Q.); (B.W.); (X.B.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jianhua Si
- Key Laboratory of Ecohydrology of Inland River Basin, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; (B.N.); (B.J.); (X.H.); (D.Z.); (C.W.); (X.Z.); (Z.L.); (J.Q.); (B.W.); (X.B.)
| | - Yanfang Deng
- Qilian Mountain National Park Qinghai Provincial Administration, Xining 810000, China;
| | - Bing Jia
- Key Laboratory of Ecohydrology of Inland River Basin, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; (B.N.); (B.J.); (X.H.); (D.Z.); (C.W.); (X.Z.); (Z.L.); (J.Q.); (B.W.); (X.B.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xiaohui He
- Key Laboratory of Ecohydrology of Inland River Basin, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; (B.N.); (B.J.); (X.H.); (D.Z.); (C.W.); (X.Z.); (Z.L.); (J.Q.); (B.W.); (X.B.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Faculty of Resources and Environment, Baotou Teachers’ College, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, Baotou 014030, China
| | - Dongmeng Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Ecohydrology of Inland River Basin, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; (B.N.); (B.J.); (X.H.); (D.Z.); (C.W.); (X.Z.); (Z.L.); (J.Q.); (B.W.); (X.B.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Chunlin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Ecohydrology of Inland River Basin, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; (B.N.); (B.J.); (X.H.); (D.Z.); (C.W.); (X.Z.); (Z.L.); (J.Q.); (B.W.); (X.B.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xinglin Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Ecohydrology of Inland River Basin, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; (B.N.); (B.J.); (X.H.); (D.Z.); (C.W.); (X.Z.); (Z.L.); (J.Q.); (B.W.); (X.B.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zijin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Ecohydrology of Inland River Basin, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; (B.N.); (B.J.); (X.H.); (D.Z.); (C.W.); (X.Z.); (Z.L.); (J.Q.); (B.W.); (X.B.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jie Qin
- Key Laboratory of Ecohydrology of Inland River Basin, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; (B.N.); (B.J.); (X.H.); (D.Z.); (C.W.); (X.Z.); (Z.L.); (J.Q.); (B.W.); (X.B.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Boyang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Ecohydrology of Inland River Basin, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; (B.N.); (B.J.); (X.H.); (D.Z.); (C.W.); (X.Z.); (Z.L.); (J.Q.); (B.W.); (X.B.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xue Bai
- Key Laboratory of Ecohydrology of Inland River Basin, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; (B.N.); (B.J.); (X.H.); (D.Z.); (C.W.); (X.Z.); (Z.L.); (J.Q.); (B.W.); (X.B.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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Hunpatin OS, Yuan G, Nong T, Shi C, Wu X, Liu H, Ning Y, Wang Q. The Roles of Calcineurin B-like Proteins in Plants under Salt Stress. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16958. [PMID: 38069281 PMCID: PMC10707636 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242316958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Salinity stands as a significant environmental stressor, severely impacting crop productivity. Plants exposed to salt stress undergo physiological alterations that influence their growth and development. Meanwhile, plants have also evolved mechanisms to endure the detrimental effects of salinity-induced salt stress. Within plants, Calcineurin B-like (CBL) proteins act as vital Ca2+ sensors, binding to Ca2+ and subsequently transmitting signals to downstream response pathways. CBLs engage with CBL-interacting protein kinases (CIPKs), forming complexes that regulate a multitude of plant growth and developmental processes, notably ion homeostasis in response to salinity conditions. This review introduces the repercussions of salt stress, including osmotic stress, diminished photosynthesis, and oxidative damage. It also explores how CBLs modulate the response to salt stress in plants, outlining the functions of the CBL-CIPK modules involved. Comprehending the mechanisms through which CBL proteins mediate salt tolerance can accelerate the development of cultivars resistant to salinity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oluwaseyi Setonji Hunpatin
- Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China; (O.S.H.); (G.Y.); (T.N.); (C.S.); (X.W.); (H.L.)
- Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Guang Yuan
- Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China; (O.S.H.); (G.Y.); (T.N.); (C.S.); (X.W.); (H.L.)
- Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Tongjia Nong
- Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China; (O.S.H.); (G.Y.); (T.N.); (C.S.); (X.W.); (H.L.)
- Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Chuhan Shi
- Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China; (O.S.H.); (G.Y.); (T.N.); (C.S.); (X.W.); (H.L.)
- Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Xue Wu
- Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China; (O.S.H.); (G.Y.); (T.N.); (C.S.); (X.W.); (H.L.)
- Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Haobao Liu
- Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China; (O.S.H.); (G.Y.); (T.N.); (C.S.); (X.W.); (H.L.)
| | - Yang Ning
- Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China; (O.S.H.); (G.Y.); (T.N.); (C.S.); (X.W.); (H.L.)
| | - Qian Wang
- Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China; (O.S.H.); (G.Y.); (T.N.); (C.S.); (X.W.); (H.L.)
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18
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Zeiner A, Colina FJ, Citterico M, Wrzaczek M. CYSTEINE-RICH RECEPTOR-LIKE PROTEIN KINASES: their evolution, structure, and roles in stress response and development. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2023; 74:4910-4927. [PMID: 37345909 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erad236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023]
Abstract
Plant-specific receptor-like protein kinases (RLKs) are central components for sensing the extracellular microenvironment. CYSTEINE-RICH RLKs (CRKs) are members of one of the biggest RLK subgroups. Their physiological and molecular roles have only begun to be elucidated, but recent studies highlight the diverse types of proteins interacting with CRKs, as well as the localization of CRKs and their lateral organization within the plasma membrane. Originally the DOMAIN OF UNKNOWN FUNCTION 26 (DUF26)-containing extracellular region of the CRKs was proposed to act as a redox sensor, but the potential activating post-translational modification or ligands perceived remain elusive. Here, we summarize recent progress in the analysis of CRK evolution, molecular function, and role in plant development, abiotic stress responses, plant immunity, and symbiosis. The currently available information on CRKs and related proteins suggests that the CRKs are central regulators of plant signaling pathways. However, more research using classical methods and interdisciplinary approaches in various plant model species, as well as structural analyses, will not only enhance our understanding of the molecular function of CRKs, but also elucidate the contribution of other cellular components in CRK-mediated signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Zeiner
- Institute of Plant Molecular Biology, Biology Centre, Czech Academy of Sciences, 370 05 České Budějovice, Czech Republic
- Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, 370 05 České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Francisco J Colina
- Institute of Plant Molecular Biology, Biology Centre, Czech Academy of Sciences, 370 05 České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Matteo Citterico
- Organismal and Evolutionary Biology Research Programme, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, and Viikki Plant Science Center, University of Helsinki, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Michael Wrzaczek
- Institute of Plant Molecular Biology, Biology Centre, Czech Academy of Sciences, 370 05 České Budějovice, Czech Republic
- Organismal and Evolutionary Biology Research Programme, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, and Viikki Plant Science Center, University of Helsinki, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
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19
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Liu X, Wang X, Yang C, Wang G, Fan B, Shang Y, Dang C, Xie C, Wang Z. Genome-wide identification of TaCIPK gene family members in wheat and their roles in host response to Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici infection. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 248:125691. [PMID: 37422244 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.125691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/02/2023] [Indexed: 07/10/2023]
Abstract
Powdery mildew, caused by Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici (Bgt), is a destructive disease affecting wheat crops worldwide. Functional genes can be activated in response to Bgt inoculations. Calcineurin B-like protein (CBL) together with CBL-interacting protein kinase (CIPK) forms the CBL-CIPK protein complex that participates in Ca2+ sensor kinase-related signaling pathways responding to abiotic and biotic stresses. In this study, we performed a genome-wide screening and identified 27 CIPK subfamilies (123 CIPK transcripts, TaCIPKs) including 55 new and 47 updated TaCIPKs in wheat. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that 123 TaCIPKs could be divided into four groups. Segmental duplications and tandem repeats promoted the expansion of the TaCIPK family. Gene function was further evidenced by differences in gene structure, cis-elements, and protein domains. TaCIPK15-4A was cloned in this study. TaCIPK15-4A contained 17 serine, seven tyrosine, and 15 threonine phosphorylation sites and localized in the plasma membrane and cytoplasm. TaCIPK15-4A expression was induced after Bgt inoculation. Virus-induced gene silencing and overexpression experiments indicated that TaCIPK15-4A could play a positive role in wheat disease resistance to Bgt. Overall, these results provide insights into the role of the TaCIPK gene family in wheat resistance and could be beneficial for further research to prevent Bgt infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoying Liu
- College of Life Science, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, 30087, China
| | - Xueqing Wang
- College of Life Science, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, 30087, China
| | - Chenxiao Yang
- College of Life Science, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, 30087, China
| | - Guangyu Wang
- College of Life Science, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, 30087, China
| | - Baoli Fan
- College of Life Science, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, 30087, China
| | - Yuntao Shang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Environment, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, 30087, China
| | - Chen Dang
- Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (MOE) and State Key Laboratory for Agro-biotechnology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Chaojie Xie
- Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (MOE) and State Key Laboratory for Agro-biotechnology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Zhenying Wang
- College of Life Science, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, 30087, China.
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20
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Kolupaev YE, Yastreb TO, Dmitriev AP. Signal Mediators in the Implementation of Jasmonic Acid's Protective Effect on Plants under Abiotic Stresses. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:2631. [PMID: 37514246 PMCID: PMC10385206 DOI: 10.3390/plants12142631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 06/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
Plant cells respond to stress by activating signaling and regulatory networks that include plant hormones and numerous mediators of non-hormonal nature. These include the universal intracellular messenger calcium, reactive oxygen species (ROS), gasotransmitters, small gaseous molecules synthesized by living organisms, and signal functions such as nitrogen monoxide (NO), hydrogen sulfide (H2S), carbon monoxide (CO), and others. This review focuses on the role of functional linkages of jasmonic acid and jasmonate signaling components with gasotransmitters and other signaling mediators, as well as some stress metabolites, in the regulation of plant adaptive responses to abiotic stressors. Data on the involvement of NO, H2S, and CO in the regulation of jasmonic acid formation in plant cells and its signal transduction were analyzed. The possible involvement of the protein components of jasmonate signaling in stress-protective gasotransmitter effects is discussed. Emphasis is placed on the significance of the functional interaction between jasmonic acid and signaling mediators in the regulation of the antioxidant system, stomatal apparatus, and other processes important for plant adaptation to abiotic stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuriy E Kolupaev
- Yuriev Plant Production Institute, National Academy of Agrarian Sciences of Ukraine, 61060 Kharkiv, Ukraine
- Educational and Scientific Institute of Agrotechnologies, Breeding and Ecology, Department of Plant Protection, Poltava State Agrarian University, 36003 Poltava, Ukraine
| | - Tetiana O Yastreb
- Yuriev Plant Production Institute, National Academy of Agrarian Sciences of Ukraine, 61060 Kharkiv, Ukraine
| | - Alexander P Dmitriev
- Institute of Cell Biology and Genetic Engineering, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 03143 Kyiv, Ukraine
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21
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Kumari M, Naidu S, Kumari B, Singh IK, Singh A. Comparative transcriptome analysis of Zea mays upon mechanical wounding. Mol Biol Rep 2023; 50:5319-5343. [PMID: 37155015 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-023-08429-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mechanical wounding (MW) is mainly caused due to high wind, sand, heavy rains and insect infestation, leading to damage to crop plants and an increase in the incidences of pathogen infection. Plants respond to MW by altering expression of genes, proteins, and metabolites that help them to cope up with the stress. METHODS AND RESULTS In order to characterize maize transcriptome in response to mechanical wounding, a microarray analysis was executed. The study revealed 407 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) (134 upregulated and 273 downregulated). The upregulated genes were engaged in protein synthesis, transcription regulation, phytohormone signaling-mediated by salicylic acid, auxin, jasmonates, biotic and abiotic stress including bacterial, insect, salt and endoplasmic reticulum stress, cellular transport, on the other hand downregulated genes were involved in primary metabolism, developmental processes, protein modification, catalytic activity, DNA repair pathways, and cell cycle. CONCLUSION The transcriptome data present here can be further utilized for understanding inducible transcriptional response during mechanical injury and their purpose in biotic and abiotic stress tolerance. Furthermore, future study concentrating on the functional characterization of the selected key genes (Bowman Bird trypsin inhibitor, NBS-LRR-like protein, Receptor-like protein kinase-like, probable LRR receptor-like ser/thr-protein kinase, Cytochrome P450 84A1, leucoanthocyanidin dioxygenase, jasmonate O-methyltransferase) and utilizing them for genetic engineering for crop improvement is strongly recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megha Kumari
- Department of Botany, Hansraj College, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
- J C Bose Center for Plant Genomics, Hansraj College, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Shrishti Naidu
- Department of Botany, Hansraj College, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
- J C Bose Center for Plant Genomics, Hansraj College, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Babita Kumari
- Department of Botany, Hansraj College, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
- Department of Botany, North-Eastern Hill University, Shillong, India
| | - Indrakant K Singh
- Department of Zoology, Deshbandhu College, University of Delhi, New Delhi, India.
| | - Archana Singh
- Department of Botany, Hansraj College, University of Delhi, Delhi, India.
- J C Bose Center for Plant Genomics, Hansraj College, University of Delhi, Delhi, India.
- Delhi School of Climate Change and Sustainability, Institution of Eminence, Maharishi Karnad Bhawan, University of Delhi, New Delhi, India.
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22
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Sertse D, You FM, Klymiuk V, Haile JK, N'Diaye A, Pozniak CJ, Cloutier S, Kagale S. Historical Selection, Adaptation Signatures, and Ambiguity of Introgressions in Wheat. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24098390. [PMID: 37176097 PMCID: PMC10179502 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24098390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2023] [Revised: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Wheat was one of the crops domesticated in the Fertile Crescent region approximately 10,000 years ago. Despite undergoing recent polyploidization, hull-to-free-thresh transition events, and domestication bottlenecks, wheat is now grown in over 130 countries and accounts for a quarter of the world's cereal production. The main reason for its widespread success is its broad genetic diversity that allows it to thrive in different environments. To trace historical selection and hybridization signatures, genome scans were performed on two datasets: approximately 113K SNPs from 921 predominantly bread wheat accessions and approximately 110K SNPs from about 400 wheat accessions representing all ploidy levels. To identify environmental factors associated with the loci, a genome-environment association (GEA) was also performed. The genome scans on both datasets identified a highly differentiated region on chromosome 4A where accessions in the first dataset were dichotomized into a group (n = 691), comprising nearly all cultivars, wild emmer, and most landraces, and a second group (n = 230), dominated by landraces and spelt accessions. The grouping of cultivars is likely linked to their potential ancestor, bread wheat cv. Norin-10. The 4A region harbored important genes involved in adaptations to environmental conditions. The GEA detected loci associated with latitude and temperature. The genetic signatures detected in this study provide insight into the historical selection and hybridization events in the wheat genome that shaped its current genetic structure and facilitated its success in a wide spectrum of environmental conditions. The genome scans and GEA approaches applied in this study can help in screening the germplasm housed in gene banks for breeding, and for conservation purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Demissew Sertse
- Aquatic and Crop Resource Development, National Research Council Canada, Saskatoon, SK S7N 0W9, Canada
| | - Frank M You
- Ottawa Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Ottawa, ON K1A 0C6, Canada
| | - Valentyna Klymiuk
- Crop Development Centre, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5A8, Canada
| | - Jemanesh K Haile
- Crop Development Centre, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5A8, Canada
| | - Amidou N'Diaye
- Crop Development Centre, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5A8, Canada
| | - Curtis J Pozniak
- Crop Development Centre, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5A8, Canada
| | - Sylvie Cloutier
- Ottawa Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Ottawa, ON K1A 0C6, Canada
| | - Sateesh Kagale
- Aquatic and Crop Resource Development, National Research Council Canada, Saskatoon, SK S7N 0W9, Canada
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Arab M, Najafi Zarrini H, Nematzadeh G, Heidari P, Hashemipetroudi SH, Kuhlmann M. Comprehensive Analysis of Calcium Sensor Families, CBL and CIPK, in Aeluropus littoralis and Their Expression Profile in Response to Salinity. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:genes14030753. [PMID: 36981024 PMCID: PMC10048465 DOI: 10.3390/genes14030753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Plants have acquired sets of highly regulated and complex signaling pathways to respond to unfavorable environmental conditions during evolution. Calcium signaling, as a vital mechanism, enables plants to respond to external stimuli, including abiotic and biotic stresses, and coordinate the basic processes of growth and development. In the present study, two calcium sensor families, CBL and CIPK, were investigated in a halophyte plant, Aeluropus littoralis, with a comprehensive analysis. Here, six AlCBL genes, and twenty AlCIPK genes were studied. The analysis of the gene structure and conserved motifs, as well as physicochemical properties, showed that these genes are highly conserved during evolution. The expression levels of AlCBL genes and AlCIPK genes were evaluated under salt stress in leaf and root tissue. Based on the real-time RT-PCR results, the AlCIPK gene family had a higher variation in mRNA abundance than the AlCBL gene family. AlCIPK genes were found to have a higher abundance in leaves than in roots. The results suggest that the correlation between AlCBL genes and AlCIPK is tissue-specific, and different correlations can be expected in leaves and roots. Based on these correlations, AlCIPK3.1-AlCBL4.1 and AlCIPK1.2-AlCBL4.4 can be co-expressed in the root tissue, while AlCBL10 has the potential to be co-expressed with AlCIPK5, AlCIPK26, and AlCIPK12.3 in the leaf tissue. Our findings reveal valuable information on the structure and function of calcium sensor families in A. littoralis, a halophyte plant, that can be used in future research on the biological function of CBLs and CIPKs on salt stress resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mozhdeh Arab
- Department of Plant Biotechnology, Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University (SANRU), Sari 4818166996, Iran
- National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), Tehran 14965161, Iran
| | - Hamid Najafi Zarrini
- Department of Plant Biotechnology, Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University (SANRU), Sari 4818166996, Iran
| | - Ghorbanali Nematzadeh
- Department of Plant Biotechnology, Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University (SANRU), Sari 4818166996, Iran
- Department of Genetic Engineering and Biology, Genetics and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute of Tabarestan (GABIT), Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University (SANRU), Sari 4818166996, Iran
| | - Parviz Heidari
- Faculty of Agriculture, Shahrood University of Technology, Shahrood 3619995161, Iran
| | - Seyyed Hamidreza Hashemipetroudi
- Department of Genetic Engineering and Biology, Genetics and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute of Tabarestan (GABIT), Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University (SANRU), Sari 4818166996, Iran
- RG Heterosis, Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), 306466 Gatersleben, Germany
| | - Markus Kuhlmann
- RG Heterosis, Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), 306466 Gatersleben, Germany
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24
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Imtiaz K, Ahmed M, Annum N, Tester M, Saeed NA. AtCIPK16, a CBL-interacting protein kinase gene, confers salinity tolerance in transgenic wheat. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1127311. [PMID: 37008481 PMCID: PMC10060804 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1127311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Globally, wheat is the major source of staple food, protein, and basic calories for most of the human population. Strategies must be adopted for sustainable wheat crop production to fill the ever-increasing food demand. Salinity is one of the major abiotic stresses involved in plant growth retardation and grain yield reduction. In plants, calcineurin-B-like proteins form a complicated network with the target kinase CBL-interacting protein kinases (CIPKs) in response to intracellular calcium signaling as a consequence of abiotic stresses. The AtCIPK16 gene has been identified in Arabidopsis thaliana and found to be significantly upregulated under salinity stress. In this study, the AtCIPK16 gene was cloned in two different plant expression vectors, i.e., pTOOL37 having a UBI1 promoter and pMDC32 having a 2XCaMV35S constitutive promoter transformed through the Agrobacterium-mediated transformation protocol, in the local wheat cultivar Faisalabad-2008. Based on their ability to tolerate different levels of salt stress (0, 50, 100, and 200 mM), the transgenic wheat lines OE1, OE2, and OE3 expressing AtCIPK16 under the UBI1 promoter and OE5, OE6, and OE7 expressing the same gene under the 2XCaMV35S promoter performed better at 100 mM of salinity stress as compared with the wild type. The AtCIPK16 overexpressing transgenic wheat lines were further investigated for their K+ retention ability in root tissues by utilizing the microelectrode ion flux estimation technique. It has been demonstrated that after 10 min of 100 mM NaCl application, more K+ ions were retained in the AtCIPK16 overexpressing transgenic wheat lines than in the wild type. Moreover, it could be concluded that AtCIPK16 functions as a positive elicitor in sequestering Na+ ions into the cell vacuole and retaining more cellular K+ under salt stress to maintain ionic homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khadija Imtiaz
- Wheat Biotechnology Lab, Agriculture Biotechnology Division, National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Constituent College Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Moddassir Ahmed
- Wheat Biotechnology Lab, Agriculture Biotechnology Division, National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Constituent College Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Nazish Annum
- Wheat Biotechnology Lab, Agriculture Biotechnology Division, National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Constituent College Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Mark Tester
- Center for Desert Agriculture, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nasir A. Saeed
- Wheat Biotechnology Lab, Agriculture Biotechnology Division, National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Constituent College Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Faisalabad, Pakistan
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25
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Yang L, Zhang N, Wang K, Zheng Z, Wei J, Si H. CBL-Interacting Protein Kinases 18 ( CIPK18) Gene Positively Regulates Drought Resistance in Potato. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24043613. [PMID: 36835025 PMCID: PMC9964222 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Sensor-responder complexes comprising calcineurin B-like (CBL) proteins and CBL-interacting protein kinases (CIPKs) are plant-specific Ca2+ receptors, and the CBL-CIPK module is widely involved in plant growth and development and a large number of abiotic stress response signaling pathways. In this study, the potato cv. "Atlantic" was subjected to a water deficiency treatment and the expression of StCIPK18 gene was detected by qRT-PCR. The subcellular localization of StCIPK18 protein was observed by a confocal laser scanning microscope. The StCIPK18 interacting protein was identified and verified by yeast two-hybrid (Y2H) and bimolecular fluorescence complementation (BiFC). StCIPK18 overexpression and StCIPK18 knockout plants were constructed. The phenotypic changes under drought stress were indicated by water loss rate, relative water content, MDA and proline contents, and CAT, SOD and POD activities. The results showed that StCIPK18 expression was upregulated under drought stress. StCIPK18 is localized in the cell membrane and cytoplasm. Y2H shows the interaction between StCIPK18 and StCBL1, StCBL4, StCBL6 and StCBL8. BiFC further verifies the reliability of the interaction between StCIPK18 and StCBL4. Under drought stress, StCIPK18 overexpression decreased the water loss rate and MDA, and increased RWC, proline contents and CAT, SOD and POD activities; however, StCIPK18 knockout showed opposite results, compared with the wild type, in response to drought stress. The results can provide information for the molecular mechanism of the StCIPK18 regulating potato response to drought stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Yang
- College of Life Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Ning Zhang
- College of Life Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
- State Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
- Correspondence:
| | - Kaitong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
- College of Agronomy, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Zhiyong Zheng
- College of Life Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Jingjing Wei
- College of Life Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Huaijun Si
- College of Life Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
- State Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
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26
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Emerging Roles of Salicylic Acid in Plant Saline Stress Tolerance. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24043388. [PMID: 36834798 PMCID: PMC9961897 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
One of the most important phytohormones is salicylic acid (SA), which is essential for the regulation of plant growth, development, ripening, and defense responses. The role of SA in plant-pathogen interactions has attracted a lot of attention. Aside from defense responses, SA is also important in responding to abiotic stimuli. It has been proposed to have great potential for improving the stress resistance of major agricultural crops. On the other hand, SA utilization is dependent on the dosage of the applied SA, the technique of application, and the status of the plants (e.g., developmental stage and acclimation). Here, we reviewed the impact of SA on saline stress responses and the associated molecular pathways, as well as recent studies toward understanding the hubs and crosstalk between SA-induced tolerances to biotic and saline stress. We propose that elucidating the mechanism of the SA-specific response to various stresses, as well as SA-induced rhizosphere-specific microbiome modeling, may provide more insights and support in coping with plant saline stress.
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27
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He F, Wang C, Sun H, Tian S, Zhao G, Liu C, Wan C, Guo J, Huang X, Zhan G, Yu X, Kang Z, Guo J. Simultaneous editing of three homoeologues of TaCIPK14 confers broad-spectrum resistance to stripe rust in wheat. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2023; 21:354-368. [PMID: 36326663 PMCID: PMC9884018 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.13956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2022] [Revised: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Wheat stripe rust caused by the fungus Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici (Pst) is one of the most destructive wheat diseases resulting in significant losses to wheat production worldwide. The development of disease-resistant varieties is the most economical and effective measure to control diseases. Altering the susceptibility genes that promote pathogen compatibility via CRISPR/Cas9-mediated gene editing technology has become a new strategy for developing disease-resistant wheat varieties. Calcineurin B-like protein (CBL)-interacting protein kinases (CIPKs) has been demonstrated to be involved in defence responses during plant-pathogen interactions. However, whether wheat CIPK functions as susceptibility factor is still unclear. Here, we isolated a CIPK homoeologue gene TaCIPK14 from wheat. Knockdown of TaCIPK14 significantly increased wheat resistance to Pst, whereas overexpression of TaCIPK14 resulted in enhanced wheat susceptibility to Pst by decreasing different aspects of the defence response, including accumulation of ROS and expression of pathogenesis-relative genes. We generated wheat Tacipk14 mutant plants by simultaneous modification of the three homoeologues of wheat TaCIPK14 via CRISPR/Cas9 technology. The Tacipk14 mutant lines expressed race-nonspecific (RNS) broad-spectrum resistance (BSR) to Pst. Moreover, no significant difference was found in agronomic yield traits between Tacipk14 mutant plants and Fielder control plants under greenhouse and field conditions. These results demonstrate that TaCIPK14 acts as an important susceptibility factor in wheat response to Pst, and knockout of TaCIPK14 represents a powerful strategy for generating new disease-resistant wheat varieties with BSR to Pst.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuxin He
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Plant ProtectionNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingShaanxiChina
| | - Ce Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Plant ProtectionNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingShaanxiChina
| | - Huilin Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Plant ProtectionNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingShaanxiChina
| | - Shuxin Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Plant ProtectionNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingShaanxiChina
| | - Guosen Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Plant ProtectionNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingShaanxiChina
| | - Cong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Plant ProtectionNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingShaanxiChina
| | - Cuiping Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Plant ProtectionNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingShaanxiChina
| | - Jia Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Plant ProtectionNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingShaanxiChina
| | - Xueling Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Plant ProtectionNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingShaanxiChina
| | - Gangming Zhan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Plant ProtectionNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingShaanxiChina
| | - Xiumei Yu
- Technological Innovation Centre for Biological Control of Crop Diseases and Insect Pests of Hebei ProvinceHebei Agricultural UniversityBaodingHebeiChina
| | - Zhensheng Kang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Plant ProtectionNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingShaanxiChina
| | - Jun Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Plant ProtectionNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingShaanxiChina
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Yang S, Li J, Lu J, Wang L, Min F, Guo M, Wei Q, Wang W, Dong X, Mao Y, Hu L, Wang X. Potato calcineurin B-like protein CBL4, interacting with calcineurin B-like protein-interacting protein kinase CIPK2, positively regulates plant resistance to stem canker caused by Rhizoctonia solani. Front Microbiol 2023; 13:1032900. [PMID: 36687567 PMCID: PMC9845770 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1032900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Calcium sensor calcineurin B-like proteins (CBLs) and their interacting partners, CBL-interacting protein kinases (CIPKs), have emerged as a complex network in response to abiotic and biotic stress perception. However, little is known about how CBL-CIPK complexes function in potatoes. Methods In this study, we identified the components of one potato signaling complex, StCBL4-StCIPK2, and characterized its function in defense against Rhizoctonia solani causing stem canker in potato. Results Expressions of both StCBL4 and StCIPK2 from potato were coordinately induced upon R. solani infection and following exposure to the defense genes. Furthermore, transient overexpression of StCBL4 and StCIPK2 individually and synergistically increased the tolerance of potato plants to R. solani in Nicotiana benthamiana. Additionally, the transgenic potato has also been shown to enhance resistance significantly. In contrast, susceptibility to R. solani was exhibited in N. benthamiana following virus-induced gene silencing of NbCBL and NbCIPK2. Evidence revealed that StCBL4 could interact in yeast and in planta with StCIPK2. StCBL4 and StCIPK2 transcription was induced upon R. solani infection and this expression in response to the pathogen was enhanced in StCBL4- and StCIPK2-transgenic potato. Moreover, accumulated expression of pathogenesis-related (PR) genes and reactive oxygen species (ROS) was significantly upregulated and enhanced in both StCBL4- and StCIPK2- transgenic potato. Discussion Accordingly, StCBL4 and StCIPK2 were involved in regulating the immune response to defend the potato plant against R. solani. Together, our data demonstrate that StCBL4 functions in concert with StCIPK2, as positive regulators of immunity, contributing to combating stem canker disease in potato.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Yang
- Institute of Industrial Crop, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Jie Li
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Lu
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Ling Wang
- Institute of Crop Cultivation and Tillage, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Fanxiang Min
- Institute of Industrial Crop, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Mei Guo
- Institute of Industrial Crop, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Qi Wei
- Institute of Industrial Crop, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Wenzhong Wang
- Institute of Industrial Crop, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Xuezhi Dong
- Institute of Industrial Crop, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Yanzhi Mao
- Institute of Industrial Crop, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Linshuang Hu
- Institute of Industrial Crop, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Xiaodan Wang
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China,*Correspondence: Xiaodan Wang,
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Calcium decoders and their targets: The holy alliance that regulate cellular responses in stress signaling. ADVANCES IN PROTEIN CHEMISTRY AND STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY 2023; 134:371-439. [PMID: 36858741 DOI: 10.1016/bs.apcsb.2022.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Calcium (Ca2+) signaling is versatile communication network in the cell. Stimuli perceived by cells are transposed through Ca2+-signature, and are decoded by plethora of Ca2+ sensors present in the cell. Calmodulin, calmodulin-like proteins, Ca2+-dependent protein kinases and calcineurin B-like proteins are major classes of proteins that decode the Ca2+ signature and serve in the propagation of signals to different parts of cells by targeting downstream proteins. These decoders and their targets work together to elicit responses against diverse stress stimuli. Over a period of time, significant attempts have been made to characterize as well as summarize elements of this signaling machinery. We begin with a structural overview and amalgamate the newly identified Ca2+ sensor protein in plants. Their ability to bind Ca2+, undergo conformational changes, and how it facilitates binding to a wide variety of targets is further embedded. Subsequently, we summarize the recent progress made on the functional characterization of Ca2+ sensing machinery and in particular their target proteins in stress signaling. We have focused on the physiological role of Ca2+, the Ca2+ sensing machinery, and the mode of regulation on their target proteins during plant stress adaptation. Additionally, we also discuss the role of these decoders and their mode of regulation on the target proteins during abiotic, hormone signaling and biotic stress responses in plants. Finally, here, we have enumerated the limitations and challenges in the Ca2+ signaling. This article will greatly enable in understanding the current picture of plant response and adaptation during diverse stimuli through the lens of Ca2+ signaling.
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Feng X, Meng Q, Zeng J, Yu Q, Xu D, Dai X, Ge L, Ma W, Liu W. Genome-wide identification of sucrose non-fermenting-1-related protein kinase genes in maize and their responses to abiotic stresses. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1087839. [PMID: 36618673 PMCID: PMC9815513 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1087839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Protein kinases play an important role in plants in response to environmental changes through signal transduction. As a large family of protein kinases, sucrose non-fermenting-1 (SNF1)-related kinases (SnRKs) were found and functionally verified in many plants. Nevertheless, little is known about the SnRK family of Zea mays. METHODS Evolutionary relationships, chromosome locations, gene structures, conserved motifs, and cis-elements in promoter regions were systematically analyzed. Besides, tissue-specific and stress-induced expression patterns of ZmSnRKs were determined. Finally, functional regulatory networks between ZmSnRKs and other proteins or miRNAs were constructed. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION In total, 60 SnRK genes located on 10 chromosomes were discovered in maize. ZmSnRKs were classified into three subfamilies (ZmSnRK1, ZmSnRK2, and ZmSnRK3), consisting of 4, 14, and 42 genes, respectively. Gene structure analysis showed that 33 of the 42 ZmSnRK3 genes contained only one exon. Most ZmSnRK genes contained at least one ABRE, MBS, and LTR cis-element and a few ZmSnRK genes had AuxRR-core, P-box, MBSI, and SARE ciselements in their promoter regions. The Ka:Ks ratio of 22 paralogous ZmSnRK gene pairs revealed that the ZmSnRK gene family had experienced a purifying selection. Meanwhile, we analyzed the expression profiles of ZmSnRKs, and they exhibited significant differences in various tissues and abiotic stresses. In addition, A total of eight ZmPP2Cs, which can interact with ZmSnRK proteins, and 46 miRNAs, which can target 24 ZmSnRKs, were identified. Generally, these results provide valuable information for further function verification of ZmSnRKs, and improve our understanding of the role of ZmSnRKs in the climate resilience of maize.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Feng
- College of Agronomy, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| | - Quan Meng
- College of Agronomy, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| | - Jianbin Zeng
- College of Agronomy, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| | - Qian Yu
- College of Agronomy, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| | - Dengan Xu
- College of Agronomy, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xuehuan Dai
- College of Agronomy, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| | - Lei Ge
- College of Agronomy, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| | - Wujun Ma
- College of Agronomy, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
- State Agricultural Biotechnology Centre, College of Science, Health, Engineering and Education, Murdoch University, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Wenxing Liu
- College of Agronomy, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
- The Key Laboratory of the Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
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Lin Z, Li H, Luo W, Xu Y, Xu G, Ji R, Liu Z, Zhang H, Lin Z, Li G, Qiu Y, Qiu S, Tang H. Genome sequence resource of Pectobacterium polaris QK413-1 that causes blackleg on potato in Fujian Province, China. PLANT DISEASE 2022; 107:1151-1158. [PMID: 36510425 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-08-22-1861-re] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The Pectobacterium pathogens cause soft rot and blackleg diseases on many plants and crops, including potatoes. Here we first report a high-quality genome assembly and announcement of the P. polaris strain QK413-1, which causes blackleg disease in potatoes in China. The QK413-1 genome was sequenced and assembled using the PacBio Sequel II and Illumina sequencing platform. The assembled genome has a total size of 5,005,507bp with a GC content of 51.81%, encoding 4782 open reading frames, including 639 virulence genes, 273 drug resistance genes, and 416 secreted proteins. The QK413-1 genome sequence provides a valuable resource for the control of potato blackleg and research into its mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Huawei Li
- Xifeng Road 100Fuzhou, Fujian, China, 350013;
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Hao Tang
- Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 107629, Institute of Crop Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian, China;
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Ai D, Wang Y, Wei Y, Zhang J, Meng J, Zhang Y. Comprehensive identification and expression analyses of the SnRK gene family in Casuarina equisetifolia in response to salt stress. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 22:572. [PMID: 36482301 PMCID: PMC9733041 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-022-03961-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sucrose nonfermenting-1 (SNF1)-related protein kinases (SnRKs) play crucial roles in plant signaling pathways and stress adaptive responses by activating protein phosphorylation pathways. However, there have been no comprehensive studies of the SnRK gene family in the widely planted salt-tolerant tree species Casuarina equisetifolia. Here, we comprehensively analyze this gene family in C. equisetifolia using genome-wide identification, characterization, and profiling of expression changes in response to salt stress. RESULTS A total of 26 CeqSnRK genes were identified, which were divided into three subfamilies (SnRK1, SnRK2, and SnRK3). The intron-exon structures and protein‑motif compositions were similar within each subgroup but differed among groups. Ka/Ks ratio analysis indicated that the CeqSnRK family has undergone purifying selection, and cis-regulatory element analysis suggested that these genes may be involved in plant development and responses to various environmental stresses. A heat map was generated using quantitative real‑time PCR (RT-qPCR) data from 26 CeqSnRK genes, suggesting that they were expressed in different tissues. We also examined the expression of all CeqSnRK genes under exposure to different salt concentrations using RT-qPCR, finding that most CeqSnRK genes were regulated by different salt treatments. Moreover, co-expression network analysis revealed synergistic effects among CeqSnRK genes. CONCLUSIONS Several CeqSnRK genes (CeqSnRK3.7, CeqSnRK3.16, CeqSnRK3.17) were up-regulated following salt treatment. Among them, CeqSnRK3.16 expression was significantly up-regulated under various salt treatments, identifying this as a candidate gene salt stress tolerance gene. In addition, CeqSnRK3.16 showed significant expression change correlations with multiple genes under salt stress, indicating that it might exhibit synergistic effects with other genes in response to salt stress. This comprehensive analysis will provide a theoretical reference for CeqSnRK gene functional verification and the role of these genes in salt tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Ai
- Research Institute of Tropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Guangzhou, 510520, China
- College of Landscape Architecture, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Yujiao Wang
- Research Institute of Tropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Guangzhou, 510520, China
| | - Yongcheng Wei
- Research Institute of Tropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Guangzhou, 510520, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- College of Landscape Architecture, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Jingxiang Meng
- Research Institute of Tropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Guangzhou, 510520, China
| | - Yong Zhang
- Research Institute of Tropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Guangzhou, 510520, China.
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Cheng W, Wang Z, Xu F, Lu G, Su Y, Wu Q, Wang T, Que Y, Xu L. Screening of Candidate Genes Associated with Brown Stripe Resistance in Sugarcane via BSR-seq Analysis. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232415500. [PMID: 36555141 PMCID: PMC9778799 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232415500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Sugarcane brown stripe (SBS), caused by the fungal pathogen Helminthosporium stenospilum, is one of the most serious threats to sugarcane production. However, its outbreaks and epidemics require suitable climatic conditions, resulting in the inefficient improvement of the SBS resistance by phenotype selection. The sugarcane F1 population of SBS-resistant YT93-159 × SBS-susceptible ROC22 was used for constructing the bulks. Bulked segregant RNA-seq (BSR-seq) was then performed on the parents YT93-159 (T01) and ROC22 (T02), and the opposite bulks of 30 SBS-susceptible individuals mixed bulk (T03) and 30 SBS-resistant individuals mixed bulk (T04) collected from 287 F1 individuals. A total of 170.00 Gb of clean data containing 297,921 SNPs and 70,426 genes were obtained. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) analysis suggested that 7787 and 5911 DEGs were identified in the parents (T01 vs. T02) and two mixed bulks (T03 vs. T04), respectively. In addition, 25,363 high-quality and credible SNPs were obtained using the genome analysis toolkit GATK for SNP calling. Subsequently, six candidate regions with a total length of 8.72 Mb, which were located in the chromosomes 4B and 7C of sugarcane wild species Saccharum spontaneum, were identified, and 279 genes associated with SBS-resistance were annotated by ED algorithm and ΔSNP-index. Furthermore, the expression profiles of candidate genes were verified by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) analysis, and the results showed that eight genes (LRR-RLK, DHAR1, WRKY7, RLK1, BLH4, AK3, CRK34, and NDA2) and seven genes (WRKY31, CIPK2, CKA1, CDPK6, PFK4, CBL2, and PR2) of the 20 tested genes were significantly up-regulated in YT93-159 and ROC22, respectively. Finally, a potential molecular mechanism of sugarcane response to H. stenospilum infection is illustrate that the activations of ROS signaling, MAPK cascade signaling, Ca2+ signaling, ABA signaling, and the ASA-GSH cycle jointly promote the SBS resistance in sugarcane. This study provides abundant gene resources for the SBS resistance breeding in sugarcane.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Youxiong Que
- Correspondence: (Y.Q.); (L.X.); Tel.: +86-591-8385-2547 (Y.Q.); +86-591-8377-2604 (L.X.)
| | - Liping Xu
- Correspondence: (Y.Q.); (L.X.); Tel.: +86-591-8385-2547 (Y.Q.); +86-591-8377-2604 (L.X.)
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Son S, Park SR. Climate change impedes plant immunity mechanisms. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1032820. [PMID: 36523631 PMCID: PMC9745204 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1032820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Rapid climate change caused by human activity is threatening global crop production and food security worldwide. In particular, the emergence of new infectious plant pathogens and the geographical expansion of plant disease incidence result in serious yield losses of major crops annually. Since climate change has accelerated recently and is expected to worsen in the future, we have reached an inflection point where comprehensive preparations to cope with the upcoming crisis can no longer be delayed. Development of new plant breeding technologies including site-directed nucleases offers the opportunity to mitigate the effects of the changing climate. Therefore, understanding the effects of climate change on plant innate immunity and identification of elite genes conferring disease resistance are crucial for the engineering of new crop cultivars and plant improvement strategies. Here, we summarize and discuss the effects of major environmental factors such as temperature, humidity, and carbon dioxide concentration on plant immunity systems. This review provides a strategy for securing crop-based nutrition against severe pathogen attacks in the era of climate change.
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Guo X, Zhang D, Wang Z, Xu S, Batistič O, Steinhorst L, Li H, Weng Y, Ren D, Kudla J, Xu Y, Chong K. Cold-induced calreticulin OsCRT3 conformational changes promote OsCIPK7 binding and temperature sensing in rice. EMBO J 2022; 42:e110518. [PMID: 36341575 PMCID: PMC9811624 DOI: 10.15252/embj.2021110518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Revised: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Unusually low temperatures caused by global climate change adversely affect rice production. Sensing cold to trigger signal network is a key base for improvement of chilling tolerance trait. Here, we report that Oryza sativa Calreticulin 3 (OsCRT3) localized at the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) exhibits conformational changes under cold stress, thereby enhancing its interaction with CBL-interacting protein kinase 7 (OsCIPK7) to sense cold. Phenotypic analyses of OsCRT3 knock-out mutants and transgenic overexpression lines demonstrate that OsCRT3 is a positive regulator in chilling tolerance. OsCRT3 localizes at the ER and mediates increases in cytosolic calcium levels under cold stress. Notably, cold stress triggers secondary structural changes of OsCRT3 and enhances its binding affinity with OsCIPK7, which finally boosts its kinase activity. Moreover, Calcineurin B-like protein 7 (OsCBL7) and OsCBL8 interact with OsCIPK7 specifically on the plasma membrane. Taken together, our results thus identify a cold-sensing mechanism that simultaneously conveys cold-induced protein conformational change, enhances kinase activity, and Ca2+ signal generation to facilitate chilling tolerance in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Guo
- Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular PhysiologyInstitute of Botany, Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina,University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Dajian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular PhysiologyInstitute of Botany, Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina,University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Zhongliang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular PhysiologyInstitute of Botany, Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina,University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Shujuan Xu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular PhysiologyInstitute of Botany, Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina,University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Oliver Batistič
- Institut für Biologie und Biotechnologie der PflanzenWestfälische Wilhelms‐UniversitätMünsterGermany
| | - Leonie Steinhorst
- Institut für Biologie und Biotechnologie der PflanzenWestfälische Wilhelms‐UniversitätMünsterGermany
| | - Hao Li
- Laboratory of Soft Matter Physics, Institute of PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Yuxiang Weng
- Laboratory of Soft Matter Physics, Institute of PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Dongtao Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological SciencesChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Jörg Kudla
- Institut für Biologie und Biotechnologie der PflanzenWestfälische Wilhelms‐UniversitätMünsterGermany
| | - Yunyuan Xu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular PhysiologyInstitute of Botany, Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina,Innovation Academy for Seed DesignChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Kang Chong
- Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular PhysiologyInstitute of Botany, Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina,University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina,Innovation Academy for Seed DesignChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
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Carpentier S, Aldon D, Berthomé R, Galaud JP. Is there a specific calcium signal out there to decode combined biotic stress and temperature elevation? FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1004406. [PMID: 36407594 PMCID: PMC9669060 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1004406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Carpentier
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Végétales, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse, France
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Végétales, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse INP, Auzeville-Tolosane, France
| | - Didier Aldon
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Végétales, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Richard Berthomé
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Végétales, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse INP, Auzeville-Tolosane, France
| | - Jean-Philippe Galaud
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Végétales, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse, France
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Zhang XX, Ren XL, Qi XT, Yang ZM, Feng XL, Zhang T, Wang HJ, Liang P, Jiang QY, Yang WJ, Fu Y, Chen M, Fu ZX, Xu B. Evolution of the CBL and CIPK gene families in Medicago: genome-wide characterization, pervasive duplication, and expression pattern under salt and drought stress. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 22:512. [PMID: 36324083 PMCID: PMC9632064 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-022-03884-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Calcineurin B-like proteins (CBLs) are ubiquitous Ca2+ sensors that mediate plant responses to various stress and developmental processes by interacting with CBL-interacting protein kinases (CIPKs). CBLs and CIPKs play essential roles in acclimatization of crop plants. However, evolution of these two gene families in the genus Medicago is poorly understood. RESULTS A total of 68 CBL and 135 CIPK genes have been identified in five genomes from Medicago. Among these genomes, the gene number of CBLs and CIPKs shows no significant difference at the haploid genome level. Phylogenetic and comprehensive characteristic analyses reveal that CBLs and CIPKs are classified into four clades respectively, which is validated by distribution of conserved motifs. The synteny analysis indicates that the whole genome duplication events (WGDs) have contributed to the expansion of both families. Expression analysis demonstrates that two MsCBLs and three MsCIPKs are specifically expressed in roots, mature leaves, developing flowers and nitrogen fixing nodules of Medicago sativa spp. sativa, the widely grown tetraploid species. In particular, the expression of these five genes was highly up-regulated in roots when exposed to salt and drought stress, indicating crucial roles in stress responses. CONCLUSIONS Our study leads to a comprehensive understanding of evolution of CBL and CIPK gene families in Medicago, but also provides a rich resource to further address the functions of CBL-CIPK complexes in cultivated species and their closely related wild relatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Xia Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China
| | - Xiao-Long Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Xiao-Tong Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Zhi-Min Yang
- Zhangjiakou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhangjiakou, 075000, China
| | - Xiao-Lei Feng
- Zhangjiakou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhangjiakou, 075000, China
| | - Tian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Hui-Jie Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Peng Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Qi-Ying Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Wen-Jun Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yuan Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Min Chen
- Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, China
| | - Zhi-Xi Fu
- College of Life Sciences, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, 610101, China
| | - Bo Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China.
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Parmagnani AS, Maffei ME. Calcium Signaling in Plant-Insect Interactions. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:2689. [PMID: 36297718 PMCID: PMC9609891 DOI: 10.3390/plants11202689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Revised: 10/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
In plant-insect interactions, calcium (Ca2+) variations are among the earliest events associated with the plant perception of biotic stress. Upon herbivory, Ca2+ waves travel long distances to transmit and convert the local signal to a systemic defense program. Reactive oxygen species (ROS), Ca2+ and electrical signaling are interlinked to form a network supporting rapid signal transmission, whereas the Ca2+ message is decoded and relayed by Ca2+-binding proteins (including calmodulin, Ca2+-dependent protein kinases, annexins and calcineurin B-like proteins). Monitoring the generation of Ca2+ signals at the whole plant or cell level and their long-distance propagation during biotic interactions requires innovative imaging techniques based on sensitive sensors and using genetically encoded indicators. This review summarizes the recent advances in Ca2+ signaling upon herbivory and reviews the most recent Ca2+ imaging techniques and methods.
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Xiao C, Zhang H, Xie F, Pan ZY, Qiu WM, Tong Z, Wang ZQ, He XJ, Xu YH, Sun ZH. Evolution, gene expression, and protein‒protein interaction analyses identify candidate CBL-CIPK signalling networks implicated in stress responses to cold and bacterial infection in citrus. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 22:420. [PMID: 36045357 PMCID: PMC9434895 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-022-03809-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cold is a major abiotic stress and Huanglongbing and citrus canker disease are two devastating bacterial diseases for citrus. The Ca2+-CBL-CIPK network is known to regulate different types of stress signalling in plants. How do CBL-CIPK signalling networks function in response to cold and infection by CLas or Xcc in citrus? RESULTS Eight calcineurin B-like proteins (CBLs) and seventeen CBL-interacting protein kinases (CIPKs) were identified from the cold-tolerant satsuma mandarin 'Guijing2501' (Citrus. unshiu) and CLas/Xcc-sensitive sweet orange (C. sinensis). Phylogenetic analysis revealed that both CBL and CIPK family members in citrus were classified into an ancient and a recent clade according to their conserved domain characteristics and/or intron/exon structures. Genome duplication analysis suggested that both tandem and segmental duplications contributed to the amplification of the CBL and CIPK gene families in citrus under intense purifying selection, and the duplication events only existed in the recent clades. Expression comparison of the duplicated gene pairs indicated that the duplicated CBL and CIPK genes underwent functional differentiation. Further expression analysis identified that CBL1, 5, 6, and 8 and CIPK2, 8, 12, 15, 16, and 17 were significantly regulated by multiple stresses, including cold, Xcc infection and/or CLas infection, in citrus, whereas CBL2/7 and CIPK1/4/5/11/13/14 were independently highly regulated by cold and CIPK3 was uniquely responsive to Xcc infection. The combination analyses of targeted Y2H assay and expression analysis revealed that CBL6-CIPK8 was the common signalling network in response to cold and Xcc infection, while CBL6/CBL8-CIPK14 was uniquely responsive to cold in citrus. Further stable transformation and cold tolerance assay indicated that overexpression of CuCIPK16 enhanced the cold tolerance of transgenic Arabidopsis with higher POD activity and lower MDA content. CONCLUSIONS In this study, evolution, gene expression and protein‒protein interaction analyses of citrus CBLs and CIPKs were comprehensively conducted over a genome-wide range. The results will facilitate future functional characterization of individual citrus CBLs and CIPKs under specific stresses and provide clues for the clarification of cold tolerance and disease susceptibility mechanisms in corresponding citrus cultivars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cui Xiao
- Fruit and Tea Research Institute, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, 430064 China
| | - Hu Zhang
- Fruit and Tea Research Institute, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, 430064 China
| | - Fan Xie
- Fruit and Tea Research Institute, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, 430064 China
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (Ministry of Education), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070 China
| | - Zhi-Yong Pan
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (Ministry of Education), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070 China
| | - Wen-Ming Qiu
- Fruit and Tea Research Institute, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, 430064 China
| | - Zhu Tong
- Fruit and Tea Research Institute, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, 430064 China
| | - Ze-Qiong Wang
- Fruit and Tea Research Institute, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, 430064 China
| | - Xiu-Juan He
- Fruit and Tea Research Institute, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, 430064 China
| | - Yu-Hai Xu
- Fruit and Tea Research Institute, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, 430064 China
| | - Zhong-Hai Sun
- Fruit and Tea Research Institute, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, 430064 China
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Li H, Wang XH, Li Q, Xu P, Liu ZN, Xu M, Cui XY. GmCIPK21, a CBL-interacting protein kinase confers salt tolerance in soybean (Glycine max. L). PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2022; 184:47-55. [PMID: 35642834 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2022.05.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Revised: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Salt stress severely affects plant development and yield. Calcineurin B-like protein interacting protein kinases (CIPKs) play a crucial role in plant adaptation to environmental challenges. However, the biological functions of CIPKs in soybean remain poorly understood. Here, we identified GmCIPK21, a salt-responsive CIPK gene from soybean. Overexpression of GmCIPK21 in Arabidopsis and soybean hairy roots led to increased salt tolerance. The hairy roots with GmCIPK21 suppression by RNA interference exhibited salt-sensitive phenotypes. Further physiological analysis revealed that GmCIPK21 reduced the content of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and malondialdehyde (MDA) and increased the activity of the antioxidant enzymes under salt stress. Additionally, GmCIPK21 was found to enhance the ABA sensitivity of transgenic plants. GmCIPK21 was also implicated in increasing the activation of antioxidant-, salt-, and ABA-related genes upon salt stress. Interestingly, GmCIPK21 interacted with GmCBL4, promoting the scavenging salt-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS). These results collectively suggested that GmCIPK21 affects ROS homeostasis and ABA response to improve salt tolerance in soybean.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Li
- College of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Linyi University, Linyi, 276000, China; Center for International Education, Philippine Christian University, 1004, Philippines.
| | - Xiao-Hua Wang
- College of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Linyi University, Linyi, 276000, China.
| | - Qiang Li
- College of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Linyi University, Linyi, 276000, China.
| | - Ping Xu
- College of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Linyi University, Linyi, 276000, China.
| | - Zhen-Ning Liu
- College of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Linyi University, Linyi, 276000, China.
| | - Meng Xu
- College of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Linyi University, Linyi, 276000, China.
| | - Xiao-Yu Cui
- College of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Linyi University, Linyi, 276000, China.
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Jiang Y, Zhang H, Li Y, Chang C, Wang Y, Feng H, Li R. A Novel Transcriptional Regulator HbERF6 Regulates the HbCIPK2-Coordinated Pathway Conferring Salt Tolerance in Halophytic Hordeum brevisubulatum. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:927253. [PMID: 35873960 PMCID: PMC9302439 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.927253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Halophytic Hordeum brevisubulatum is a perennial grass which has evolved many distinctive salt-adaptive mechanisms. Our previous studies indicated it could thrive under salt stress through maintaining better K+ and Na+ homeostasis. Stress-responsive HbCIPK2 can phosphorylate K+ channel HbVGKC1 and Na+ transporter HbSOS1L to prevent Na+ accumulation and K+ reduction, hence pathway was not detected in glycophytic plants. In this study, we cloned the inducible promoter of HbCIPK2 by genome-walking, and identified a novel transcriptional regulator HbERF6 through yeast one-hybrid screening. HbERF6 functioned as a transcription factor which can bind to the GCC-box of the HbCIPK2 promoter to activate its expression. HbERF6 transgenic lines in Arabidopsis improved salt tolerance compared with wild type, and especially induced AtCIPK24 (SOS2) expression, resulting in K+/Na+ homeostasis to enhance salt tolerance. All the results confirmed the inducible function of HbERF6 for CIPK genes during salt tolerance. This regulatory network that integrates transcriptional regulation and post-translation modification will unravel a novel salt stress-responsive mechanism, highlighting the value and utilization of the halophytic resource.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Jiang
- Agro-Biotechnology Research Institute, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genetic Resources and Biotechnology, Beijing, China
| | - Haiwen Zhang
- Agro-Biotechnology Research Institute, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genetic Resources and Biotechnology, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Li
- Agro-Biotechnology Research Institute, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, China
- College of Life Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Congcong Chang
- Agro-Biotechnology Research Institute, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, China
- College of Life Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yunxiao Wang
- Agro-Biotechnology Research Institute, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, China
- College of Life Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Hao Feng
- Agro-Biotechnology Research Institute, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genetic Resources and Biotechnology, Beijing, China
| | - Ruifen Li
- Agro-Biotechnology Research Institute, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genetic Resources and Biotechnology, Beijing, China
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Mostafa S, Wang Y, Zeng W, Jin B. Plant Responses to Herbivory, Wounding, and Infection. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23137031. [PMID: 35806046 PMCID: PMC9266417 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23137031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Plants have various self-defense mechanisms against biotic attacks, involving both physical and chemical barriers. Physical barriers include spines, trichomes, and cuticle layers, whereas chemical barriers include secondary metabolites (SMs) and volatile organic compounds (VOCs). Complex interactions between plants and herbivores occur. Plant responses to insect herbivory begin with the perception of physical stimuli, chemical compounds (orally secreted by insects and herbivore-induced VOCs) during feeding. Plant cell membranes then generate ion fluxes that create differences in plasma membrane potential (Vm), which provokes the initiation of signal transduction, the activation of various hormones (e.g., jasmonic acid, salicylic acid, and ethylene), and the release of VOCs and SMs. This review of recent studies of plant–herbivore–infection interactions focuses on early and late plant responses, including physical barriers, signal transduction, SM production as well as epigenetic regulation, and phytohormone responses.
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Genome-Wide Identification of the Salvia miltiorrhiza SmCIPK Gene Family and Revealing the Salt Resistance Characteristic of SmCIPK13. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23126861. [PMID: 35743301 PMCID: PMC9224336 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23126861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Revised: 06/05/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Members of the CIPK (CBL-interacting protein kinases) gene family play important roles in calcium (Ca2+) signaling pathway-regulated plant resistance to abiotic stresses. Salvia miltiorrhiza, which is widely planted and grown in complex and diverse environments, is mainly focused on the transcriptional regulation of enzyme genes related to the biosynthesis of its bioactive components. However, the excavation of the genes related to the resistance of S.miltiorrhiza and the involved signaling pathways have not been deeply studied. In this study, 20 SmCIPK genes were identified and classified into two families and five subfamilies by biochemical means. Sequence characteristics and conserved motif analysis revealed the conservation and difference of SmCIPK protein in plants. Expression pattern analysis showed that SmCIPKs were mainly expressed in flowers and roots, and more than 90% of gene expression was induced by SA (salicylic acid), and MeJA (methyl jasmonate). Furthermore, the expression level of SmCIPK13 could be significantly increased after stress treatment with NaCl. SmCIPK13 expression in yeast reduces sensitivity to salt, while overexpression of it in Arabidopsis has the same effect and was localized in the cytoplasm, cell membrane and nucleus. In conclusion, the identification of the SmCIPK gene family and the functional characterization of the SmCIPK13 gene provides the basis for clarification of key genes in the Ca2+ signaling pathway and abiotic stress in S.miltiorrhiza.
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Ankit A, Kamali S, Singh A. Genomic & structural diversity and functional role of potassium (K +) transport proteins in plants. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 208:844-857. [PMID: 35367275 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.03.179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Revised: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Potassium (K+) is an essential macronutrient for plant growth and productivity. It is the most abundant cation in plants and is involved in various cellular processes. Variable K+ availability is sensed by plant roots, consequently K+ transport proteins are activated to optimize K+ uptake. In addition to K+ uptake and translocation these proteins are involved in other important physiological processes like transmembrane voltage regulation, polar auxin transport, maintenance of Na+/K+ ratio and stomata movement during abiotic stress responses. K+ transport proteins display tremendous genomic and structural diversity in plants. Their key structural features, such as transmembrane domains, N-terminal domains, C-terminal domains and loops determine their ability of K+ uptake and transport and thus, provide functional diversity. Most K+ transporters are regulated at transcriptional and post-translational levels. Genetic manipulation of key K+ transporters/channels could be a prominent strategy for improving K+ utilization efficiency (KUE) in plants. This review discusses the genomic and structural diversity of various K+ transport proteins in plants. Also, an update on the function of K+ transport proteins and their regulatory mechanism in response to variable K+ availability, in improving KUE, biotic and abiotic stresses is provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankit Ankit
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, New Delhi 110067, India
| | | | - Amarjeet Singh
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, New Delhi 110067, India.
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Li Y, Liu Y, Jin L, Peng R. Crosstalk between Ca 2+ and Other Regulators Assists Plants in Responding to Abiotic Stress. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:plants11101351. [PMID: 35631776 PMCID: PMC9148064 DOI: 10.3390/plants11101351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Revised: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Plants have evolved many strategies for adaptation to extreme environments. Ca2+, acting as an important secondary messenger in plant cells, is a signaling molecule involved in plants' response and adaptation to external stress. In plant cells, almost all kinds of abiotic stresses are able to raise cytosolic Ca2+ levels, and the spatiotemporal distribution of this molecule in distant cells suggests that Ca2+ may be a universal signal regulating different kinds of abiotic stress. Ca2+ is used to sense and transduce various stress signals through its downstream calcium-binding proteins, thereby inducing a series of biochemical reactions to adapt to or resist various stresses. This review summarizes the roles and molecular mechanisms of cytosolic Ca2+ in response to abiotic stresses such as drought, high salinity, ultraviolet light, heavy metals, waterlogging, extreme temperature and wounding. Furthermore, we focused on the crosstalk between Ca2+ and other signaling molecules in plants suffering from extreme environmental stress.
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46
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Reim S, Winkelmann T, Cestaro A, Rohr AD, Flachowsky H. Identification of Candidate Genes Associated With Tolerance to Apple Replant Disease by Genome-Wide Transcriptome Analysis. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:888908. [PMID: 35615498 PMCID: PMC9125221 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.888908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Apple replant disease (ARD) is a worldwide economic risk in apple cultivation for fruit tree nurseries and fruit growers. Several studies on the reaction of apple plants to ARD are documented but less is known about the genetic mechanisms behind this symptomatology. RNA-seq analysis is a powerful tool for revealing candidate genes that are involved in the molecular responses to biotic stresses in plants. The aim of our work was to find differentially expressed genes in response to ARD in Malus. For this, we compared transcriptome data of the rootstock ‘M9’ (susceptible) and the wild apple genotype M. ×robusta 5 (Mr5, tolerant) after cultivation in ARD soil and disinfected ARD soil, respectively. When comparing apple plantlets grown in ARD soil to those grown in disinfected ARD soil, 1,206 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified based on a log2 fold change, (LFC) ≥ 1 for up– and ≤ −1 for downregulation (p < 0.05). Subsequent validation revealed a highly significant positive correlation (r = 0.91; p < 0.0001) between RNA-seq and RT-qPCR results indicating a high reliability of the RNA-seq data. PageMan analysis showed that transcripts of genes involved in gibberellic acid (GA) biosynthesis were significantly enriched in the DEG dataset. Most of these GA biosynthesis genes were associated with functions in cell wall stabilization. Further genes were related to detoxification processes. Genes of both groups were expressed significantly higher in Mr5, suggesting that the lower susceptibility to ARD in Mr5 is not due to a single mechanism. These findings contribute to a better insight into ARD response in susceptible and tolerant apple genotypes. However, future research is needed to identify the defense mechanisms, which are most effective for the plant to overcome ARD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefanie Reim
- Julius Kühn-Institut (JKI) - Federal Research Centre for Cultivated Plants, Institute for Breeding Research on Fruit Crops, Dresden, Germany
- *Correspondence: Stefanie Reim,
| | - Traud Winkelmann
- Woody Plant and Propagation Physiology Section, Institute of Horticultural Production Systems, Leibniz University Hannover, Hanover, Germany
| | - Alessandro Cestaro
- Computational Biology Unit, Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michele all’Adige, Italy
| | - Annmarie-Deetja Rohr
- Woody Plant and Propagation Physiology Section, Institute of Horticultural Production Systems, Leibniz University Hannover, Hanover, Germany
| | - Henryk Flachowsky
- Julius Kühn-Institut (JKI) - Federal Research Centre for Cultivated Plants, Institute for Breeding Research on Fruit Crops, Dresden, Germany
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Romero-Hernandez G, Martinez M. Plant Kinases in the Perception and Signaling Networks Associated With Arthropod Herbivory. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:824422. [PMID: 35599859 PMCID: PMC9116192 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.824422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The success in the response of plants to environmental stressors depends on the regulatory networks that connect plant perception and plant response. In these networks, phosphorylation is a key mechanism to activate or deactivate the proteins involved. Protein kinases are responsible for phosphorylations and play a very relevant role in transmitting the signals. Here, we review the present knowledge on the contribution of protein kinases to herbivore-triggered responses in plants, with a focus on the information related to the regulated kinases accompanying herbivory in Arabidopsis. A meta-analysis of transcriptomic responses revealed the importance of several kinase groups directly involved in the perception of the attacker or typically associated with the transmission of stress-related signals. To highlight the importance of these protein kinase families in the response to arthropod herbivores, a compilation of previous knowledge on their members is offered. When available, this information is compared with previous findings on their role against pathogens. Besides, knowledge of their homologous counterparts in other plant-herbivore interactions is provided. Altogether, these observations resemble the complexity of the kinase-related mechanisms involved in the plant response. Understanding how kinase-based pathways coordinate in response to a specific threat remains a major challenge for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gara Romero-Hernandez
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid – Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria, Madrid, Spain
| | - Manuel Martinez
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid – Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria, Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Biotecnología-Biología Vegetal, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Agronómica, Alimentaria y de Biosistemas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
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Kim NH, Jacob P, Dangl JL. Con-Ca 2+ -tenating plant immune responses via calcium-permeable cation channels. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2022; 234:813-818. [PMID: 35181918 PMCID: PMC9994437 DOI: 10.1111/nph.18044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/06/2022] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Calcium serves as a second messenger in a variety of developmental and physiological processes and has long been identified as important for plant immune responses. We discuss recent discoveries regarding plant immune-related calcium-permeable channels and how the two intertwined branches of the plant immune system are intricately linked to one another through calcium signalling. Cell surface immune receptors carefully tap the immense calcium gradient that exists between apoplast and cytoplasm in a short burst via tightly regulated plasma membrane (PM)-resident cation channels. Intracellular immune receptors form atypical calcium-permeable cation channels at the PM and mediate a prolonged calcium influx, overcoming the deleterious influence of pathogen effectors and enhancing plant immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nak Hyun Kim
- Department of Biology and Howard Hughes Medical InstituteUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNC27599USA
| | - Pierre Jacob
- Department of Biology and Howard Hughes Medical InstituteUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNC27599USA
| | - Jeffery L. Dangl
- Department of Biology and Howard Hughes Medical InstituteUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNC27599USA
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Xie Q, Zhou Y, Jiang X. Structure, Function, and Regulation of the Plasma Membrane Na +/H + Antiporter Salt Overly Sensitive 1 in Plants. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:866265. [PMID: 35432437 PMCID: PMC9009148 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.866265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Physiological studies have confirmed that export of Na+ to improve salt tolerance in plants is regulated by the combined activities of a complex transport system. In the Na+ transport system, the Na+/H+ antiporter salt overly sensitive 1 (SOS1) is the main protein that functions to excrete Na+ out of plant cells. In this paper, we review the structure and function of the Na+/H+ antiporter and the physiological process of Na+ transport in SOS signaling pathway, and discuss the regulation of SOS1 during phosphorylation activation by protein kinase and the balance mechanism of inhibiting SOS1 antiporter at molecular and protein levels. In addition, we carried out phylogenetic tree analysis of SOS1 proteins reported so far in plants, which implied the specificity of salt tolerance mechanism from model plants to higher crops under salt stress. Finally, the high complexity of the regulatory network of adaptation to salt tolerance, and the feasibility of coping strategies in the process of genetic improvement of salt tolerance quality of higher crops were reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Xie
- National Innovation Center for Technology of Saline-Alkaline Tolerant Rice/College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Biotechnology of Salt Tolerant Crops/School of Horticulture, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Yang Zhou
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Biotechnology of Salt Tolerant Crops/School of Horticulture, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Xingyu Jiang
- National Innovation Center for Technology of Saline-Alkaline Tolerant Rice/College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Biotechnology of Salt Tolerant Crops/School of Horticulture, Hainan University, Haikou, China
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Li W, Fu Y, Lv W, Zhao S, Feng H, Shao L, Li C, Yang J. Characterization of the early gene expression profile in Populus ussuriensis under cold stress using PacBio SMRT sequencing integrated with RNA-seq reads. TREE PHYSIOLOGY 2022; 42:646-663. [PMID: 34625806 DOI: 10.1093/treephys/tpab130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Populus ussuriensis is an important and fast-growing afforestation plant species in north-eastern China. The whole-genome sequencing of P. ussuriensis has not been completed. Also, the transcriptional network of P. ussuriensis response to cold stress remains unknown. To unravel the early response of P. ussuriensis to chilling (3 °C) stress and freezing (-3 °C) stresses at the transcriptional level, we performed single-molecule real-time (SMRT) and Illumina RNA sequencing for P. ussuriensis. The SMRT long-read isoform sequencing led to the identification of 29,243,277 subreads and 575,481 circular consensus sequencing reads. Approximately 50,910 high-quality isoforms were generated, and 2272 simple sequence repeats and 8086 long non-coding RNAs were identified. The Ca2+ content and abscisic acid (ABA) content in P. ussuriensis were significantly increased under cold stresses, while the value in the freezing stress treatment group was significantly higher than the chilling stress treatment group. A total of 49 genes that are involved in the signal transduction pathways related to perception and transmission of cold stress signals, such as the Ca2+ signaling pathway, ABA signaling pathway and MAPK signaling cascade, were found to be differentially expressed. In addition, 158 transcription factors from 21 different families, such as MYB, WRKY and AP2/ERF, were differentially expressed during chilling and freezing treatments. Moreover, the measurement of physiological indicators and bioinformatics observations demonstrated the altered expression pattern of genes involved in reactive oxygen species balance and the sugar metabolism pathway during chilling and freezing stresses. This is the first report of the early responses of P. ussuriensis to cold stress, which lays the foundation for future studies on the regulatory mechanisms in cold-stress response. In addition the full-length reference transcriptome of P. ussuriensis deciphered could be used in future studies on P. ussuriensis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenlong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Forest Genetics and Tree Breeding, Northeast Forestry University, 26 Hexing Road, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Yanrui Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Forest Genetics and Tree Breeding, Northeast Forestry University, 26 Hexing Road, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Wanqiu Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Forest Genetics and Tree Breeding, Northeast Forestry University, 26 Hexing Road, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Shicheng Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Harbin University of Commerce, No.138 Tongdajie Street, Harbin 150028, China
| | - He Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Forest Genetics and Tree Breeding, Northeast Forestry University, 26 Hexing Road, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Liying Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Forest Genetics and Tree Breeding, Northeast Forestry University, 26 Hexing Road, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Chenghao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Forest Genetics and Tree Breeding, Northeast Forestry University, 26 Hexing Road, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Jingli Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Forest Genetics and Tree Breeding, Northeast Forestry University, 26 Hexing Road, Harbin 150040, China
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