1
|
Guo R, Gao S, Feng X, Liu H, Ming X, Sun J, Luan X, Liu Z, Liu W, Guo F. The GABAergic pathway from anterior cingulate cortex to lateral hypothalamus area regulates irritable bowel syndrome in mice and its underlying mechanism. J Neurochem 2024. [PMID: 38877776 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.16150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 05/30/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/16/2024]
Abstract
Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), which is characterized by chronic abdominal pain, has a high global prevalence. The anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), which is a pivotal region involved in pain processing, should be further investigated regarding its role in the regulation of visceral sensitivity and mental disorders. A C57BL/6J mouse model for IBS was established using chronic acute combining stress (CACS). IBS-like symptoms were assessed using behavioral tests, intestinal motility measurements, and abdominal withdrawal reflex scores. Fluoro-Gold retrograde tracing and immunohistochemistry techniques were employed to investigate the projection of ACC gamma-aminobutyric acid-producing (GABAergic) neurons to the lateral hypothalamus area (LHA). Chemogenetic approaches enabled the selective activation or inhibition of the ACC-LHA GABAergic pathway. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and western blot analyses were conducted to determine the expression of histamine, 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), and transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 (TRPV4). Our findings suggest that CACS induced IBS-like symptoms in mice. The GABA type A receptors (GABAAR) within LHA played a regulatory role in modulating IBS-like symptoms. The chemogenetic activation of ACC-LHA GABAergic neurons elicited anxiety-like behaviors, intestinal dysfunction, and visceral hypersensitivity in normal mice; however, these effects were effectively reversed by the administration of the GABAAR antagonist Bicuculline. Conversely, the chemogenetic inhibition of ACC-LHA GABAergic neurons alleviated anxiety-like behaviors, intestinal dysfunction, and visceral hypersensitivity in the mouse model for IBS. These results highlight the crucial involvement of the ACC-LHA GABAergic pathway in modulating anxiety-like behaviors, intestinal motility alterations, and visceral hypersensitivity, suggesting a potential therapeutic strategy for alleviating IBS-like symptoms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ruixiao Guo
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Shengli Gao
- Biomedical Center, Qingdao Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xufei Feng
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Hua Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xing Ming
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Jinqiu Sun
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xinchi Luan
- Qingdao Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Zhenyu Liu
- Qingdao Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Weiyi Liu
- Qingdao Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Feifei Guo
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
King AJ, Chang L, Li Q, Liu L, Zhu Y, Pasricha PJ, Wang J, Siegel M, Caldwell JS, Edelstein S, Rosenbaum DP, Kozuka K. NHE3 inhibitor tenapanor maintains intestinal barrier function, decreases visceral hypersensitivity, and attenuates TRPV1 signaling in colonic sensory neurons. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2024; 326:G543-G554. [PMID: 38252683 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00233.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
The pathogenesis of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is multifactorial, characterized in part by increased intestinal permeability, and visceral hypersensitivity. Increased permeability is associated with IBS severity and abdominal pain. Tenapanor is FDA-approved for the treatment of IBS with constipation (IBS-C) and has demonstrated improvements in bowel motility and a reduction in IBS-related pain; however, the mechanism by which tenapanor mediates these functions remains unclear. Here, the effects of tenapanor on colonic pain signaling and intestinal permeability were assessed through behavioral, electrophysiological, and cell culture experiments. Intestinal motility studies in rats and humans demonstrated that tenapanor increased luminal sodium and water retention and gastrointestinal transit versus placebo. A significantly reduced visceral motor reflex (VMR) to colonic distension was observed with tenapanor treatment versus vehicle in two rat models of visceral hypersensitivity (neonatal acetic acid sensitization and partial restraint stress; both P < 0.05), returning VMR responses to that of nonsensitized controls. Whole cell voltage patch-clamp recordings of retrogradely labeled colonic dorsal root ganglia (DRG) neurons from sensitized rats found that tenapanor significantly reduced DRG neuron hyperexcitability to capsaicin versus vehicle (P < 0.05), an effect not mediated by epithelial cell secretions. Tenapanor also attenuated increases in intestinal permeability in human colon monolayer cultures caused by incubation with proinflammatory cytokines (P < 0.001) or fecal supernatants from patients with IBS-C (P < 0.005). These results support a model in which tenapanor reduces IBS-related pain by strengthening the intestinal barrier, thereby decreasing permeability to macromolecules and antigens and reducing DRG-mediated pain signaling.NEW & NOTEWORTHY A series of nonclinical experiments support the theory that tenapanor inhibits IBS-C-related pain by strengthening the intestinal barrier. Tenapanor treatment reduced visceral motor responses to nonsensitized levels in two rat models of hypersensitivity and reduced responses to capsaicin in sensitized colonic nociceptive dorsal root ganglia neurons. Intestinal permeability experiments in human colon monolayer cultures found that tenapanor attenuates increases in permeability induced by either inflammatory cytokines or fecal supernatants from patients with IBS-C.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew J King
- Ardelyx, Inc., Waltham, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Lin Chang
- Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States
| | - Qian Li
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
| | - Liansheng Liu
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
| | - Yaohui Zhu
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
| | - Pankaj J Pasricha
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
| | - Ji Wang
- Ardelyx, Inc., Waltham, Massachusetts, United States
| | | | | | | | | | - Kenji Kozuka
- Ardelyx, Inc., Waltham, Massachusetts, United States
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Dai X, Liang M, Dai Y, Ding S, Sun X, Xu L. Causality of genetically determined blood metabolites on irritable bowel syndrome: A Mendelian randomization study. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0298963. [PMID: 38568932 PMCID: PMC10990233 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0298963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is one of the most common functional bowel disorders and dysmetabolism plays an important role in the pathogenesis of disease. Nevertheless, there remains a lack of information regarding the causal relationship between circulating metabolites and IBS. A two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis was conducted in order to evaluate the causal relationship between genetically proxied 486 blood metabolites and IBS. METHODS A two-sample MR analysis was implemented to assess the causality of blood metabolites on IBS. The study utilized a genome-wide association study (GWAS) to examine 486 metabolites as the exposure variable while employing a GWAS study with 486,601 individuals of European descent as the outcome variable. The inverse-variance weighted (IVW) method was used to estimate the causal relationship of metabolites on IBS, while several methods were performed to eliminate the pleiotropy and heterogeneity. Another GWAS data was used for replication and meta-analysis. In addition, reverse MR and linkage disequilibrium score regression (LDSC) were employed for additional assessment. Multivariable MR analysis was conducted in order to evaluate the direct impact of metabolites on IBS. RESULTS Three known and two unknown metabolites were identified as being associated with the development of IBS. Higher levels of butyryl carnitine (OR(95%CI):1.10(1.02-1.18),p = 0.009) and tetradecanedioate (OR(95%CI):1.13(1.04-1.23),p = 0.003)increased susceptibility of IBS and higher levels of stearate(18:0)(OR(95%CI):0.72(0.58-0.89),p = 0.003) decreased susceptibility of IBS. CONCLUSION The metabolites implicated in the pathogenesis of IBS possess potential as biomarkers and hold promise for elucidating the underlying biological mechanisms of this condition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xinyi Dai
- Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Min Liang
- Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Yanna Dai
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuxi Xinwu District Rehabilitation Hospital, Wuxi, China
| | - Shaohua Ding
- Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaohe Sun
- Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Luzhou Xu
- Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
- Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Wang ZY, Ma DR, Li MJ, Liang YY, Hu ZW, Li SJ, Zuo CY, Hao CW, Feng YM, Guo MN, Hao XY, Guo YL, Ma KK, Guo LN, Zhang C, Xu YM, Mao CY, Shi CH. Association between irritable bowel syndrome and Parkinson's disease by Cohort study and Mendelian randomization analysis. NPJ Parkinsons Dis 2024; 10:70. [PMID: 38548756 PMCID: PMC10978991 DOI: 10.1038/s41531-024-00691-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/01/2024] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the association between irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and Parkinson's disease (PD) utilizing prospective cohort study and Mendelian randomization. The dataset contained a substantial cohort of 426,911 participants from the UK Biobank, discussing the association between IBS and PD with Cox proportional hazards models and case-control analysis while adjusting for covariates such as age, gender, ethnicity and education level. In univariate Cox regression model, the risk of PD was reduced in IBS patients (HR: 0.774, 95%CI: 0.625-0.956, P = 0.017), but the statistical significance diminished in the three models after adjusting for other variables. In a few subgroup analyses, IBS patients are less likely to develop into PD, and patients diagnosed with IBS after 2000 also had a lower risk (HR: 0.633, 95%CI: 0.403-0.994, P = 0.047) of subsequently developing PD. In addition, we matched five healthy control participants based on gender and age at the end of the study for each IBS patient diagnosed during the follow-up period, and logistic regression results (OR:1.239, 95%CI: 0.896-1.680, P = 0.181) showed that IBS was not associated with the risk of PD. Mendelian randomization did not find significant evidence of the causal relationship between IBS and Parkinson's disease (OR: 0.801, 95%CI: 0.570-1.278, P = 0.204). Overall, we suggest that IBS status is not associated with the risk of developing PD, and that these findings provide valuable insights into the clinical management and resource allocation of patients with IBS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Yun Wang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Dong-Rui Ma
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Meng-Jie Li
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Liang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Zheng-Wei Hu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Shuang-Jie Li
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Chun-Yan Zuo
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Chen-Wei Hao
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yan-Mei Feng
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Meng-Nan Guo
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Xiao-Yan Hao
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yuan-Li Guo
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Ke-Ke Ma
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Li-Na Guo
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Chan Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Cerebrovascular Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Institute of Neuroscience, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yu-Ming Xu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Cerebrovascular Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Institute of Neuroscience, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Prevention and treatment of Cerebrovascular Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Cheng-Yuan Mao
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Cerebrovascular Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Institute of Neuroscience, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Prevention and treatment of Cerebrovascular Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Chang-He Shi
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
- Henan Key Laboratory of Cerebrovascular Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
- Institute of Neuroscience, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
- NHC Key Laboratory of Prevention and treatment of Cerebrovascular Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Zhang T, Chen Y, Li X, Zhang J, Duan L. Genetic associations and potential mediators between psychiatric disorders and irritable bowel syndrome: a Mendelian randomization study with mediation analysis. Front Psychiatry 2024; 15:1279266. [PMID: 38352653 PMCID: PMC10861787 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1279266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective Potential causal associations between psychiatric disorders and irritable bowel syndrome have been demonstrated in observational studies; however, these studies are susceptible to underlying confounding and reverse causation biases. We aimed to assess the causal effects of psychiatric disorders on irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and the potential mediators from a genetic perspective by conducting a Mendelian randomization (MR) study with mediation analysis. Method Genetic instruments associated with psychiatric disorders, potential mediators, and IBS were obtained from large-scale genome-wide association studies (GWAS). Three MR methods - the inverse-variance weighted (IVW) method, MR-Egger method, and weighted median method, were used to investigate causal association estimates. Heterogeneity among different genetic instrumental variables (IVs) was assessed using Q tests. Additionally, the MR-PRESSO and MR-Pleiotropy methods were used to verify horizontal pleiotropy and detect outliers that might bias the results, which were removed from further analysis. Consequently, we used MR mediation analysis to investigate potential mediators in the causal associations between psychiatric disorders and IBS. Results MR provided evidence of the causal effects of genetically predicted broad depression, major depressive disorder (MDD), anxiety disorder, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and schizophrenia on IBS. The results of MR mediation analysis demonstrated that the reduction in acetate levels mediated 12.6% of the effects of broad depression on IBS; insomnia mediated 16.00%, 16.20%, and 27.14% of the effects of broad depression, MDD, and PTSD on IBS, respectively; and the increase in blood β-hydroxybutyrate levels mediated 50.76% of the effects of schizophrenia on IBS. Conclusion Our study confirmed the brain-gut axis involvement and potential modulators in the pathophysiology of psychiatric disorder-induced IBS from a genetic perspective, and suggests potential therapeutic targets for the disrupted brain-gut axis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Liping Duan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Soussou S, Jablaoui A, Mariaule V, Kriaa A, Boudaya H, Wysocka M, Amouri A, Gargouri A, Lesner A, Maguin E, Rhimi M. Serine proteases and metalloproteases are highly increased in irritable bowel syndrome Tunisian patients. Sci Rep 2023; 13:17571. [PMID: 37845280 PMCID: PMC10579243 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-44454-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Serine proteases are involved in many biological processes and are associated with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) pathology. An increase in serine protease activity has been widely reported in IBS patients. While most of the studies focused on host proteases, the contribution of microbial proteases are poorly studied. In the present study, we report the analysis of proteolytic activities in fecal samples from the first Tunisian cohort of IBS-M patients and healthy individuals. We demonstrated, for the first time, that metalloproteases activities were fourfold higher in fecal samples of IBS patients compared to controls. Of interest, the functional characterization of serine protease activities revealed a 50-fold increase in trypsin-like activities and a threefold in both elastase- and cathepsin G-like activities. Remarkably, we also showed a fourfold increase in proteinase 3-like activity in the case of IBS. This study also provides insight into the alteration of gut microbiota and its potential role in proteolytic modulation in IBS. Our results stressed the impact of the disequilibrium of serine proteases, metalloproteases and gut microbiota in IBS and the need of the further characterization of these targets to set out new therapeutic approaches.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Souha Soussou
- Microbiota Interaction With Human and Animal Team (MIHA), Micalis Institute-UMR1319, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Eukaryotes, Center of Biotechnology of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Amin Jablaoui
- Microbiota Interaction With Human and Animal Team (MIHA), Micalis Institute-UMR1319, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Vincent Mariaule
- Microbiota Interaction With Human and Animal Team (MIHA), Micalis Institute-UMR1319, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Aicha Kriaa
- Microbiota Interaction With Human and Animal Team (MIHA), Micalis Institute-UMR1319, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Houda Boudaya
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Eukaryotes, Center of Biotechnology of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | | | - Ali Amouri
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hedi Chaker University Hospital, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Ali Gargouri
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Eukaryotes, Center of Biotechnology of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Adam Lesner
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdansk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Emmanuelle Maguin
- Microbiota Interaction With Human and Animal Team (MIHA), Micalis Institute-UMR1319, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Moez Rhimi
- Microbiota Interaction With Human and Animal Team (MIHA), Micalis Institute-UMR1319, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Xu JQ, Pan YK, Zhang JX, Dai SX, Xu LS. Sarcopenia in liver cirrhosis: perspectives from epigenetics and microbiota. Front Med (Lausanne) 2023; 10:1264205. [PMID: 37881635 PMCID: PMC10595017 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1264205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Sarcopenia is characterized by the loss of muscle mass and function. It is well known that sarcopenia is often associated with aging, while in recent years, sarcopenia comorbid with chronic diseases such as cirrhosis has attracted widespread attention, whose underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear. Since cirrhosis and sarcopenia are assumed to be closely interrelated in terms of pathogenesis, this review innovatively discussed the role of epigenetic modifications and microecological dysregulation in sarcopenia in the context of liver cirrhosis. Here we illustrated the relationship between sarcopenia and cirrhosis in the aspect of epigenetics, dysbiosis, and the crosstalk between gene modifications and intestinal microecology. Furthermore, the alterations in cirrhosis patients with sarcopenia, such as inflammatory response and oxidative stress, are found to present synergistic effects in the pathways of epigenetics and dysbiosis leading to sarcopenia. This review proposes that microbiome-based therapies are promising to break the vicious cycle between epigenetic modification and dysbiosis, providing strong support for the use of intestinal microecological interventions to prevent sarcopenia in cirrhotic patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jia-qi Xu
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yu-ke Pan
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jie-xin Zhang
- Department of Joint Surgery, Orthopedic Hospital of Guangdong Province, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- The Third School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shi-xue Dai
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangdong Provincial Geriatrics Institute, National Key Clinical Specialty, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Geriatric Center, National Regional Medical Center, Ganzhou Hospital Affiliated to Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Ganzhou, China
- The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Li-shu Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangdong Provincial Geriatrics Institute, National Key Clinical Specialty, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Zheng C, Zhong Y, Zhang W, Wang Z, Xiao H, Zhang W, Xie J, Peng X, Luo J, Xu W. Chlorogenic Acid Ameliorates Post-Infectious Irritable Bowel Syndrome by Regulating Extracellular Vesicles of Gut Microbes. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2302798. [PMID: 37616338 PMCID: PMC10558682 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202302798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
Post-infectious irritable bowel syndrome (PI-IBS) occurs after acute infectious diarrhea, and dysbiosis can be involved in its pathogenesis. Here, the role of chlorogenic acid (CGA) is investigated, a natural compound with several pharmacological properties, in alleviating PI-IBS in rats. It is elucidated that the gut microbiota plays a key role in PI-IBS pathogenesis and that rectal administration of CGA alleviated PI-IBS by modulating the gut microbiota and its metabolites. CGA supplementation significantly increased fecal Bacteroides acidifaciens abundance and glycine levels. Glycine structurally altered B. acidifaciens extracellular vesicles (EVs) and enriched functional proteins in the EVs; glycine-induced EVs alleviated PI-IBS by reducing inflammation and hypersensitivity of the intestinal viscera and maintaining mucosal barrier function. Moreover, B. acidifaciens EVs are enriched in the brain tissue. Thus, CGA mediates the mitigation of PI-IBS through the gut microbiota and its metabolites. This study proposes a novel mechanism of signal exchange between the gut microenvironment and the host.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cihua Zheng
- Department of General SurgeryThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University1 Minde RoadNanchangJiangxi330006P. R. China
- Department of Rehabilitation MedicineThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University1 Minde RoadNanchangJiangxi330006P. R. China
| | - Yuchun Zhong
- Department of General SurgeryThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University1 Minde RoadNanchangJiangxi330006P. R. China
| | - Wenming Zhang
- Department of General SurgeryThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University1 Minde RoadNanchangJiangxi330006P. R. China
| | - Zhuoya Wang
- Department of Rehabilitation MedicineThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University1 Minde RoadNanchangJiangxi330006P. R. China
| | - Haili Xiao
- Department of Rehabilitation MedicineThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University1 Minde RoadNanchangJiangxi330006P. R. China
| | - Wenjun Zhang
- Department of Rehabilitation MedicineThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University1 Minde RoadNanchangJiangxi330006P. R. China
| | - Jian Xie
- Department of Rehabilitation MedicineThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University1 Minde RoadNanchangJiangxi330006P. R. China
| | - Xiaogang Peng
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Molecular MedicineThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang UniversityNanchangJiangxi330006P. R. China
| | - Jun Luo
- Department of Rehabilitation MedicineThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University1 Minde RoadNanchangJiangxi330006P. R. China
| | - Wei Xu
- Department of General SurgeryThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University1 Minde RoadNanchangJiangxi330006P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Uceda S, Echeverry-Alzate V, Reiriz-Rojas M, Martínez-Miguel E, Pérez-Curiel A, Gómez-Senent S, Beltrán-Velasco AI. Gut Microbial Metabolome and Dysbiosis in Neurodegenerative Diseases: Psychobiotics and Fecal Microbiota Transplantation as a Therapeutic Approach-A Comprehensive Narrative Review. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13294. [PMID: 37686104 PMCID: PMC10487945 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241713294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The comprehensive narrative review conducted in this study delves into the mechanisms of communication and action at the molecular level in the human organism. The review addresses the complex mechanism involved in the microbiota-gut-brain axis as well as the implications of alterations in the microbial composition of patients with neurodegenerative diseases. The pathophysiology of neurodegenerative diseases with neuronal loss or death is analyzed, as well as the mechanisms of action of the main metabolites involved in the bidirectional communication through the microbiota-gut-brain axis. In addition, interventions targeting gut microbiota restructuring through fecal microbiota transplantation and the use of psychobiotics-pre- and pro-biotics-are evaluated as an opportunity to reduce the symptomatology associated with neurodegeneration in these pathologies. This review provides valuable information and facilitates a better understanding of the neurobiological mechanisms to be addressed in the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sara Uceda
- BRABE Group, Psychology Department, School of Life and Nature Sciences, Nebrija University, 28240 Madrid, Spain
| | - Víctor Echeverry-Alzate
- BRABE Group, Psychology Department, School of Life and Nature Sciences, Nebrija University, 28240 Madrid, Spain
| | - Manuel Reiriz-Rojas
- BRABE Group, Psychology Department, School of Life and Nature Sciences, Nebrija University, 28240 Madrid, Spain
| | - Esther Martínez-Miguel
- Health Department, School of Life and Nature Sciences, Nebrija University, 28240 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Pérez-Curiel
- Health Department, School of Life and Nature Sciences, Nebrija University, 28240 Madrid, Spain
| | - Silvia Gómez-Senent
- Health Department, School of Life and Nature Sciences, Nebrija University, 28240 Madrid, Spain
| | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Huang KY, Wang FY, Lv M, Ma XX, Tang XD, Lv L. Irritable bowel syndrome: Epidemiology, overlap disorders, pathophysiology and treatment. World J Gastroenterol 2023; 29:4120-4135. [PMID: 37475846 PMCID: PMC10354571 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v29.i26.4120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a common chronic gastrointestinal disease with a significant impact on patients' quality of life and a high socioeconomic burden. And the understanding of IBS has changed since the release of the Rome IV diagnosis in 2016. With the upcoming Rome V revision, it is necessary to review the results of IBS research in recent years. In this review of IBS, we can highlight future concerns by reviewing the results of IBS research on epidemiology, overlap disorders, pathophysiology, and treatment over the past decade and summarizing the latest research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kai-Yue Huang
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Xiyuan Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100091, China
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Beijing Institute of Spleen and Stomach Disease of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100091, China
| | - Feng-Yun Wang
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Xiyuan Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100091, China
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Beijing Institute of Spleen and Stomach Disease of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100091, China
| | - Mi Lv
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Xiyuan Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100091, China
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Beijing Institute of Spleen and Stomach Disease of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100091, China
| | - Xiang-Xue Ma
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Xiyuan Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100091, China
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Beijing Institute of Spleen and Stomach Disease of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100091, China
| | - Xu-Dong Tang
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Xiyuan Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100091, China
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Beijing Institute of Spleen and Stomach Disease of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100091, China
| | - Lin Lv
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Xiyuan Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100091, China
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Beijing Institute of Spleen and Stomach Disease of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100091, China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Fogelson KA, Dorrestein PC, Zarrinpar A, Knight R. The Gut Microbial Bile Acid Modulation and Its Relevance to Digestive Health and Diseases. Gastroenterology 2023; 164:1069-1085. [PMID: 36841488 PMCID: PMC10205675 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2023.02.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/27/2023]
Abstract
The human gut microbiome has been linked to numerous digestive disorders, but its metabolic products have been much less well characterized, in part due to the expense of untargeted metabolomics and lack of ability to process the data. In this review, we focused on the rapidly expanding information about the bile acid repertoire produced by the gut microbiome, including the impacts of bile acids on a wide range of host physiological processes and diseases, and discussed the role of short-chain fatty acids and other important gut microbiome-derived metabolites. Of particular note is the action of gut microbiome-derived metabolites throughout the body, which impact processes ranging from obesity to aging to disorders traditionally thought of as diseases of the nervous system, but that are now recognized as being strongly influenced by the gut microbiome and the metabolites it produces. We also highlighted the emerging role for modifying the gut microbiome to improve health or to treat disease, including the "engineered native bacteria'' approach that takes bacterial strains from a patient, modifies them to alter metabolism, and reintroduces them. Taken together, study of the metabolites derived from the gut microbiome provided insights into a wide range of physiological and pathophysiological processes, and has substantial potential for new approaches to diagnostics and therapeutics of disease of, or involving, the gastrointestinal tract.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kelly A Fogelson
- Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Pieter C Dorrestein
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California; Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California; Center for Microbiome Innovation, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California.
| | - Amir Zarrinpar
- Center for Microbiome Innovation, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California; Division of Gastroenterology, Jennifer Moreno Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San Diego, California; Division of Gastroenterology, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California; Institute of Diabetes and Metabolic Health, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California.
| | - Rob Knight
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California; Center for Microbiome Innovation, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California; Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California; Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Shu LZ, Ding YD, Xue QM, Cai W, Deng H. Direct and indirect effects of pathogenic bacteria on the integrity of intestinal barrier. Therap Adv Gastroenterol 2023; 16:17562848231176427. [PMID: 37274298 PMCID: PMC10233627 DOI: 10.1177/17562848231176427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacterial translocation is a pathological process involving migration of pathogenic bacteria across the intestinal barrier to enter the systemic circulation and gain access to distant organs. This phenomenon has been linked to a diverse range of diseases including inflammatory bowel disease, pancreatitis, and cancer. The intestinal barrier is an innate structure that maintains intestinal homeostasis. Pathogenic infections and dysbiosis can disrupt the integrity of the intestinal barrier, increasing its permeability, and thereby facilitating pathogen translocation. As translocation represents an essential step in pathogenesis, a clear understanding of how barrier integrity is disrupted and how this disruption facilitates bacterial translocation could identify new routes to effective prophylaxis and therapy. In this comprehensive review, we provide an in-depth analysis of bacterial translocation and intestinal barrier function. We discuss currently understood mechanisms of bacterial-enterocyte interactions, with a focus on tight junctions and endocytosis. We also discuss the emerging concept of bidirectional communication between the intestinal microbiota and other body systems. The intestinal tract has established 'axes' with various organs. Among our regulatory systems, the nervous, immune, and endocrine systems have been shown to play pivotal roles in barrier regulation. A mechanistic understanding of intestinal barrier regulation is crucial for the development of personalized management strategies for patients with bacterial translocation-related disorders. Advancing our knowledge of barrier regulation will pave the way for future research in this field and novel clinical intervention strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lin-Zhen Shu
- Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang,
Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Yi-Dan Ding
- Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang,
Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Qing-Ming Xue
- Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang,
Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Wei Cai
- Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang,
Jiangxi Province, China
- Department of Pathology, the Fourth Affiliated
Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Huan Deng
- Department of Pathology, The Fourth Affiliated
Hospital of Nanchang University, No. 133 South Guangchang Road, Nanchang
330003, Jiangxi Province, China
- Tumor Immunology Institute, Nanchang
University, Nanchang, China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Sasso JM, Ammar RM, Tenchov R, Lemmel S, Kelber O, Grieswelle M, Zhou QA. Gut Microbiome-Brain Alliance: A Landscape View into Mental and Gastrointestinal Health and Disorders. ACS Chem Neurosci 2023; 14:1717-1763. [PMID: 37156006 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.3c00127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Gut microbiota includes a vast collection of microorganisms residing within the gastrointestinal tract. It is broadly recognized that the gut and brain are in constant bidirectional communication, of which gut microbiota and its metabolic production are a major component, and form the so-called gut microbiome-brain axis. Disturbances of microbiota homeostasis caused by imbalance in their functional composition and metabolic activities, known as dysbiosis, cause dysregulation of these pathways and trigger changes in the blood-brain barrier permeability, thereby causing pathological malfunctions, including neurological and functional gastrointestinal disorders. In turn, the brain can affect the structure and function of gut microbiota through the autonomic nervous system by regulating gut motility, intestinal transit and secretion, and gut permeability. Here, we examine data from the CAS Content Collection, the largest collection of published scientific information, and analyze the publication landscape of recent research. We review the advances in knowledge related to the human gut microbiome, its complexity and functionality, its communication with the central nervous system, and the effect of the gut microbiome-brain axis on mental and gut health. We discuss correlations between gut microbiota composition and various diseases, specifically gastrointestinal and mental disorders. We also explore gut microbiota metabolites with regard to their impact on the brain and gut function and associated diseases. Finally, we assess clinical applications of gut-microbiota-related substances and metabolites with their development pipelines. We hope this review can serve as a useful resource in understanding the current knowledge on this emerging field in an effort to further solving of the remaining challenges and fulfilling its potential.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Janet M Sasso
- CAS, a division of the American Chemical Society, 2540 Olentangy River Rd, Columbus, Ohio 43202, United States
| | - Ramy M Ammar
- Bayer Consumer Health, R&D Digestive Health, Darmstadt 64295, Germany
| | - Rumiana Tenchov
- CAS, a division of the American Chemical Society, 2540 Olentangy River Rd, Columbus, Ohio 43202, United States
| | - Steven Lemmel
- CAS, a division of the American Chemical Society, 2540 Olentangy River Rd, Columbus, Ohio 43202, United States
| | - Olaf Kelber
- Bayer Consumer Health, R&D Digestive Health, Darmstadt 64295, Germany
| | - Malte Grieswelle
- Bayer Consumer Health, R&D Digestive Health, Darmstadt 64295, Germany
| | - Qiongqiong Angela Zhou
- CAS, a division of the American Chemical Society, 2540 Olentangy River Rd, Columbus, Ohio 43202, United States
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Rokkas T, Hold GL. A systematic review, pairwise meta-analysis and network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials exploring the role of fecal microbiota transplantation in irritable bowel syndrome. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2023; 35:471-479. [PMID: 36719820 DOI: 10.1097/meg.0000000000002519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Treatment is a challenge in Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) and fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) has attracted significant interest. Network meta-analysis (NWM) has been established as an evidence-synthesis tool that incorporates direct and indirect evidence in a collection of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing therapeutic intervention competing for similar therapeutic results. No NWM exists concerning the comparative effectiveness and safety of various FMT modalities for IBS. AIM We updated pairwise meta-analyses published in the past and assessed the comparative effectiveness and safety of various FMT delivery modalities for IBS. METHODS Pairwise meta-analyses and Bayesian NWM were performed. Heterogeneity, consistency of results and publication bias were explored. RESULTS Of 510 titles raised by initial search, seven RCTs were entered into meta-analyses and NWM. They included 470 patients and controls, in whom four FMT delivery modalities were used, that is via colonoscopy, nasojejunal tube, duodenoscope and capsules per os. In the pairwise meta-analysis, the pooled results showed that overall FMT was not superior to placebo, whereas the subgroup analyses showed that FMT via duodenoscope and nasojejunal tube was superior. The NWM showed that 60-g FMT via duodenoscope had the highest efficacy (OR, 26.38; 95% CI, 9.22-75.51) and was by far the highest in the efficacy ranking (SUCRA, 98.8%). CONCLUSION The pooled results showed no overall advantage of FMT over placebo in IBS. However, upper GI delivery (via duodenoscopy or nasojejunal tube) proved to be effective. Consequently, well-designed RCTs are needed to ensure the efficacy and safety profile before FMT can be applied in everyday clinical practice for IBS patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Theodore Rokkas
- Gastroenterology Clinic, Henry Dunant Hospital, Athens, Greece.,Medical School, European University of Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Georgina L Hold
- Microbiome Research Centre, St George & Sutherland Clinical School, UNSW Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Kogarah, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Yao C, Li Y, Luo L, Xie F, Xiong Q, Li T, Yang C, Feng PM. Significant Differences in Gut Microbiota Between Irritable Bowel Syndrome with Diarrhea and Healthy Controls in Southwest China. Dig Dis Sci 2023; 68:106-127. [PMID: 35503487 DOI: 10.1007/s10620-022-07500-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a heterogeneous disease, which is closely related to environmental factors and gut microbiota. OBJECTIVE To study gut microbiota in IBS-D of Han nationality in Southwest China and explore its relationship with environmental factors. METHODS One hundred and twenty cases of IBS-D and 63 cases of HCs were recruited; baseline data such as age, height, and weight were collected. HAMA, HAMD, IBS-SSS, IBS-QOL, and laboratory tests were performed. Feces were collected for 16S rDNA sequencing. Then, the differences of gut microbiota were analyzed and looked for biomarkers of each. FAPROTAX was used to predict the functional differences of gut microbiota. Spearman analysis was conducted between the phylum level and environmental factor. RESULTS There were significant differences in daily life between IBS-D and HCs, especially in the spicy taste. The scores of HAMA and HAMD, urea, and transaminase in IBS-D were significantly higher than those of HCs. The richness of gut microbiota in IBS-D was significantly lower than that of HCs, as well as the beta diversity, but not diversity. The biomarkers of IBS-D were Prevotella, Clostridiales, and Roseburia, and the biomarkers of HCs were Veillonellaceae, Bacteroides coprocola, and Bifidobacteriales. The functions of gut microbiota in IBS-D were significantly different from HCs. Correlation analysis showed that multiple gut microbiota were closely related to HAMA, IBS-SSS, IBS-QOL, inflammatory indexes, and liver enzymes. CONCLUSION There are significant differences in richness of gut microbiota, flora structure, and flora function between IBS-D and HCs in Southwest China. These differences may be closely related to environmental factors such as eating habits, living habits, and mental and psychological factors. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION The trial was registered and approved in China Clinical Trial Registry (Registration No. ChiCTR2100045751).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chengjiao Yao
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610000, Sichuan, China.,Department of Geriatrics of the Affiliated Hospital, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan, China
| | - Yilin Li
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610000, Sichuan, China.,North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan, China
| | - Lihong Luo
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610000, Sichuan, China
| | - Fengjiao Xie
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610000, Sichuan, China
| | - Qin Xiong
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610000, Sichuan, China
| | - Tinglin Li
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610000, Sichuan, China
| | - Chunrong Yang
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610000, Sichuan, China
| | - Pei-Min Feng
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610000, Sichuan, China.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Meng Y, Feng Y, Hang L, Zhou Y, Wang E, Yuan J. No synergistic effect of fecal microbiota transplantation and shugan decoction in water avoidance stress-induced IBS-D rat model. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:995567. [PMID: 36171751 PMCID: PMC9510992 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.995567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background It has been reported that 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT, serotonin) metabolism is involved in the pathogenesis of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and that either Shugan decoction (SGD) or fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) can alleviate the symptoms of IBS in patients and animal models. But the synergistic effect of FMT and SGD on 5-HT metabolism and IBS symptoms has not been investigated. Aim The main purpose of this study is to observe the synergistic effect of FMT with SGD on symptoms and 5-HT metabolism in IBS-D rats induced by water avoidance stress (WAS). Moreover, the possible material basis of the FMT was investigated. Methods In experiment I, rats were randomly divided into seven groups. Control group: routine feeding; WAS→ Control group: routine feeding with fecal microbiota liquid (FML) 1 (derived from rats in WAS group) gavage since the fourth day; WAS group: 10 days WAS with routine feeding; SGD group: 10 days WAS with SGD gavage since the fourth day on the base of routine feeding; Control→ WAS group: 10 days WAS with FML2 (derived from rats in Control group) gavage since the fourth day with routine feeding; SGD→ WAS group: 10 days WAS with FML3 (derived from rats in SGD group) gavage since the fourth day with routine feeding; SGD + (Control→ WAS) group: 10 days WAS with SGD and FML2 (derived from rats in Control group) gavage since the fourth day with routine feeding. In experiment II, rats were randomly divided into three groups. Control group: routine feeding; Control→ WAS group: 10 days WAS with FML2 gavage since the fourth day with routine feeding; FControl→ WAS group: 10 days WAS with FML2 filtrate gavage since the fourth day. The number of fecal pellets output (FPT) and the pain pressure threshold (PPT) were recorded. The histological changes in colon mucosa were observed by hematoxylin-eosin (HE) stain. The number of enterochromaffin cells (ECs), the content of 5-HT, and the expression of serotonin reuptake transporter (SERT) protein in the colon were measured by immunofluorescence or western blotting. Results Compared with that in the control group, the PPT and the expression of SERT in the WAS group and that in the WAS→ Control group were decreased with the increased number of ECs and the level of 5-HT in colon. But the FPT was not increased in the WAS→ Control group although that was increased in the WAS group. Compared with that in the WAS group, the FPT, the PPT, the number of ECs, the level of 5-HT, and the expression of SERT protein in colon in the SGD group, control→ WAS group, SGD→ WAS group, and SGD+(Control→ WAS) group were all recovered. The recovery of these indicators in the Control→ WAS group and that in the FControl→ WAS group was not significantly different. Conclusion No synergistic effect of SGD with FMT on IBS symptoms induced by WAS was found. The metabolites of intestinal microbiota may be the main active substances of the FML derived from normal rats to alleviate WAS-induced IBS symptoms.
Collapse
|
17
|
Shrestha B, Patel D, Shah H, Hanna KS, Kaur H, Alazzeh MS, Thandavaram A, Channar A, Purohit A, Venugopal S. The Role of Gut-Microbiota in the Pathophysiology and Therapy of Irritable Bowel Syndrome: A Systematic Review. Cureus 2022; 14:e28064. [PMID: 36127988 PMCID: PMC9477602 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.28064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
|
18
|
Avolio E, Olivito I, Rosina E, Romano L, Angelone T, Bartolo Anna D, Scimeca M, Bellizzi D, D'Aquila P, Passarino G, Alò R, Maria Facciolo R, Bagni C, De Lorenzo A, Canonaco M. Modifications of behavior and inflammation in mice following transplant with fecal microbiota from children with autism. Neuroscience 2022; 498:174-189. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2022.06.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Revised: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
|
19
|
Sánchez-Pérez S, Comas-Basté O, Duelo A, Veciana-Nogués MT, Berlanga M, Latorre-Moratalla ML, Vidal-Carou MC. Intestinal Dysbiosis in Patients with Histamine Intolerance. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14091774. [PMID: 35565742 PMCID: PMC9102523 DOI: 10.3390/nu14091774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Revised: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
An underlying cause of histamine intolerance is diamine oxidase (DAO) deficiency, which leads to defective homeostasis and a higher systemic absorption of histamine. Impaired DAO activity may have a genetic, pharmacological or pathological origin. A recent proposal also suggests it can arise from an alteration in the gut microbiota, although only one study has explored this hypothesis to date. A greater abundance of histamine-secreting bacteria in the gut could lead to the development of histamine intolerance. Thus, the aim of this study was to characterize the composition of the intestinal microbiota of patients with histamine intolerance symptoms and compare it with that of healthy individuals. The study was performed by sequencing bacterial 16S rRNA genes (V3-V4 region) and analyzing the data using the EzBioCloud Database. Dysbiosis of the gut microbiota was observed in the histamine intolerance group who, in comparison with the healthy individuals, had a significantly lower proportion of Prevotellaceae, Ruminococcus, Faecalibacterium and Faecablibacterium prausnitzii, which are bacteria related to gut health. They also had a significantly higher abundance of histamine-secreting bacteria, including the genera Staphylococcus and Proteus, several unidentified genera belonging to the family Enterobacteriaceae and the species Clostridium perfringens and Enterococcus faecalis. A greater abundance of histaminogenic bacteria would favor the accumulation of high levels of histamine in the gut, its subsequent absorption in plasma and the appearance of adverse effects, even in individuals without DAO deficiency.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sònia Sánchez-Pérez
- Departament de Nutrició, Ciències de l’Alimentació i Gastronomía, Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l’Alimentació, Campus de l’Alimentació de Torribera, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Av. Prat de la Riba 171, 08921 Santa Coloma de Gramenet, Spain; (S.S.-P.); (O.C.-B.); (A.D.); (M.T.V.-N.); (M.L.L.-M.)
- Institut de Recerca en Nutrició i Seguretat Alimentària (INSA·UB), Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Av. Prat de la Riba 171, 08921 Santa Coloma de Gramenet, Spain
- Xarxa d’Innovació Alimentària (XIA), C/Baldiri Reixac 4, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Oriol Comas-Basté
- Departament de Nutrició, Ciències de l’Alimentació i Gastronomía, Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l’Alimentació, Campus de l’Alimentació de Torribera, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Av. Prat de la Riba 171, 08921 Santa Coloma de Gramenet, Spain; (S.S.-P.); (O.C.-B.); (A.D.); (M.T.V.-N.); (M.L.L.-M.)
- Institut de Recerca en Nutrició i Seguretat Alimentària (INSA·UB), Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Av. Prat de la Riba 171, 08921 Santa Coloma de Gramenet, Spain
- Xarxa d’Innovació Alimentària (XIA), C/Baldiri Reixac 4, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Adriana Duelo
- Departament de Nutrició, Ciències de l’Alimentació i Gastronomía, Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l’Alimentació, Campus de l’Alimentació de Torribera, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Av. Prat de la Riba 171, 08921 Santa Coloma de Gramenet, Spain; (S.S.-P.); (O.C.-B.); (A.D.); (M.T.V.-N.); (M.L.L.-M.)
- Institut de Recerca en Nutrició i Seguretat Alimentària (INSA·UB), Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Av. Prat de la Riba 171, 08921 Santa Coloma de Gramenet, Spain
- Xarxa d’Innovació Alimentària (XIA), C/Baldiri Reixac 4, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - M. Teresa Veciana-Nogués
- Departament de Nutrició, Ciències de l’Alimentació i Gastronomía, Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l’Alimentació, Campus de l’Alimentació de Torribera, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Av. Prat de la Riba 171, 08921 Santa Coloma de Gramenet, Spain; (S.S.-P.); (O.C.-B.); (A.D.); (M.T.V.-N.); (M.L.L.-M.)
- Institut de Recerca en Nutrició i Seguretat Alimentària (INSA·UB), Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Av. Prat de la Riba 171, 08921 Santa Coloma de Gramenet, Spain
- Xarxa d’Innovació Alimentària (XIA), C/Baldiri Reixac 4, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mercedes Berlanga
- Departament de Biologia, Sanitat i Mediambient, Secció de Microbiologia, Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l’Alimentació, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Av. Joan XXIII 27-31, 08028 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - M. Luz Latorre-Moratalla
- Departament de Nutrició, Ciències de l’Alimentació i Gastronomía, Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l’Alimentació, Campus de l’Alimentació de Torribera, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Av. Prat de la Riba 171, 08921 Santa Coloma de Gramenet, Spain; (S.S.-P.); (O.C.-B.); (A.D.); (M.T.V.-N.); (M.L.L.-M.)
- Institut de Recerca en Nutrició i Seguretat Alimentària (INSA·UB), Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Av. Prat de la Riba 171, 08921 Santa Coloma de Gramenet, Spain
- Xarxa d’Innovació Alimentària (XIA), C/Baldiri Reixac 4, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - M. Carmen Vidal-Carou
- Departament de Nutrició, Ciències de l’Alimentació i Gastronomía, Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l’Alimentació, Campus de l’Alimentació de Torribera, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Av. Prat de la Riba 171, 08921 Santa Coloma de Gramenet, Spain; (S.S.-P.); (O.C.-B.); (A.D.); (M.T.V.-N.); (M.L.L.-M.)
- Institut de Recerca en Nutrició i Seguretat Alimentària (INSA·UB), Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Av. Prat de la Riba 171, 08921 Santa Coloma de Gramenet, Spain
- Xarxa d’Innovació Alimentària (XIA), C/Baldiri Reixac 4, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Satish Kumar L, Pugalenthi LS, Ahmad M, Reddy S, Barkhane Z, Elmadi J. Probiotics in Irritable Bowel Syndrome: A Review of Their Therapeutic Role. Cureus 2022; 14:e24240. [PMID: 35602835 PMCID: PMC9116469 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.24240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a chronic collection of symptoms and lowers the quality of life. The management of such patients has always involved mitigating the symptoms produced by this disorder. This article reviews the role of probiotics in IBS by compiling various studies to deduce the possible symptomatic relief that probiotics may provide to IBS patients. Given the encouraging part of probiotics in abundant other gastrointestinal conditions, this article focuses on understanding the specific functional effects (if any) that are brought about by adding probiotics in patients with different types of IBS such as IBS with predominant constipation, IBS with predominant diarrhea, and even the unclassified type of IBS. The purpose of analyzing the role of probiotics is to study the changes brought about by them at the level of the gut microbiota in patients suffering from IBS, as this may prove to be of prime importance in managing such conditions with time. This article has also furnished an overview of the pathogenesis, diagnostic criteria, treatment modalities, sources of probiotics, and their therapeutic significance in IBS patients.
Collapse
|
21
|
Balmus IM, Copolovici D, Copolovici L, Ciobica A, Gorgan DL. Biomolecules from Plant Wastes Potentially Relevant in the Management of Irritable Bowel Syndrome and Co-Occurring Symptomatology. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27082403. [PMID: 35458601 PMCID: PMC9024464 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27082403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
During and following the processing of a plant’s raw material, considerable amounts are wasted, composted, or redistributed in non-alimentary sectors for further use (for example, some forms of plant waste contribute to biofuel, bioethanol, or biomass production). However, many of these forms of waste still consist of critical bioactive compounds used in the food industry or medicine. Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is one of the most common functional gastrointestinal disorders. The primary treatment is based on symptomatology alleviation and controlled dietary management. Thus, this review aimed to describe the possible relevance of molecules residing in plant waste that can be used to manage IBS and co-occurring symptoms. Significant evidence was found that many forms of fruit, vegetable, and medicinal plant waste could be the source of some molecules that could be used to treat or prevent stool consistency and frequency impairments and abdominal pain, these being the main IBS symptoms. While many of these molecules could be recovered from plant waste during or following primary processing, the studies suggested that enriched food could offer efficient valorization and prevent further changes in properties or stability. In this way, root, stem, straw, leaf, fruit, and vegetable pomaces were found to consist of biomolecules that could modulate intestinal permeability, pain perception, and overall gastrointestinal digestive processes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ioana-Miruna Balmus
- Department of Exact Sciences and Natural Sciences, Institute of Interdisciplinary Research, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iasi, Carol I Avenue, no. 11, 700506 Iasi, Romania;
| | - Dana Copolovici
- Faculty of Food Engineering, Tourism and Environmental Protection, Institute for Research, Development and Innovation in Technical and Natural Sciences, “Aurel Vlaicu” University of Arad, Elena Dragoi St., no. 2, 310330 Arad, Romania;
- Correspondence: (D.C.); (A.C.)
| | - Lucian Copolovici
- Faculty of Food Engineering, Tourism and Environmental Protection, Institute for Research, Development and Innovation in Technical and Natural Sciences, “Aurel Vlaicu” University of Arad, Elena Dragoi St., no. 2, 310330 Arad, Romania;
| | - Alin Ciobica
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Biology, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iasi, Carol I Avenue, no. 22a, 700506 Iasi, Romania;
- Correspondence: (D.C.); (A.C.)
| | - Dragos Lucian Gorgan
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Biology, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iasi, Carol I Avenue, no. 22a, 700506 Iasi, Romania;
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a highly prevalent functional gastrointestinal disorder (FGID) characterized by chronic abdominal pain and altered bowel habits. The diagnosis of IBS is based on the presence of defined clinical Rome IV criteria in the absence of alarm features. The majority of patients with IBS report of food triggers eliciting typical IBS symptoms and trying to modify their dietary intake. RECENT FINDINGS FGID including IBS are defined as disorders of the gut-brain interaction. A large proportion of individuals with IBS link their symptoms to dietary factors, and recent clinical studies have shown benefits of a diet low in FODMAPs (Fermentable Oligo-, Di-, and Monosaccharides and Polyols) on IBS symptoms and quality of life. Dietary interventions mediate directly changes of luminal gut contents affecting chemosensing-enteroendocrine cells in the modulation of the gut brain microbiome axis in IBS patients. Long-term assessment of clinical outcomes in patients on a low FODMAP diet is needed. Professional guidelines have incorporated the suggestion to offer IBS patients a diet low in FODMAPs. SUMMARY The FGIDs, including IBS, are defined as gut-brain disorders. Low FODMAP diet has been shown in clinical trials to reduce IBS symptoms but long-term efficacy and nutritional side-effects remain uncertain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H Christian Weber
- Section of Gastroenterology, Boston University School of Medicine
- Section of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
The Role of Serotonin Neurotransmission in Gastrointestinal Tract and Pharmacotherapy. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27051680. [PMID: 35268781 PMCID: PMC8911970 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27051680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
5-Hydroxytryptamine (5-HT, serotonin) is a neurotransmitter in both the central nervous system and peripheral structures, acting also as a hormone in platelets. Although its concentration in the gut covers >90% of all organism resources, serotonin is mainly known as a neurotransmitter that takes part in the pathology of mental diseases. Serotonin modulates not only CNS neurons, but also pain transmission and platelet aggregation. In the periphery, 5-HT influences muscle motility in the gut, bronchi, uterus, and vessels directly and through neurons. Serotonin synthesis starts from hydroxylation of orally delivered tryptophan, followed by decarboxylation. Serotonin acts via numerous types of receptors and clinically plays a role in several neural, mental, and other chronic disorders, such as migraine, carcinoid syndrome, and some dysfunctions of the alimentary system. 5-HT acts as a paracrine hormone and growth factor. 5-HT receptors in both the brain and gut are targets for drugs modifying serotonin neurotransmission. The aim of the present article is to review the 5-HT receptors in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract to determine the role of serotonin in GI physiology and pathology, including known GI diseases and the role of serotonin in GI pharmacotherapy.
Collapse
|
24
|
Hillestad EMR, van der Meeren A, Nagaraja BH, Bjørsvik BR, Haleem N, Benitez-Paez A, Sanz Y, Hausken T, Lied GA, Lundervold A, Berentsen B. Gut bless you: The microbiota-gut-brain axis in irritable bowel syndrome. World J Gastroenterol 2022; 28:412-431. [PMID: 35125827 PMCID: PMC8790555 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v28.i4.412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2021] [Revised: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a common clinical label for medically unexplained gastrointestinal symptoms, recently described as a disturbance of the microbiota-gut-brain axis. Despite decades of research, the pathophysiology of this highly heterogeneous disorder remains elusive. However, a dramatic change in the understanding of the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms surfaced when the importance of gut microbiota protruded the scientific picture. Are we getting any closer to understanding IBS' etiology, or are we drowning in unspecific, conflicting data because we possess limited tools to unravel the cluster of secrets our gut microbiota is concealing? In this comprehensive review we are discussing some of the major important features of IBS and their interaction with gut microbiota, clinical microbiota-altering treatment such as the low FODMAP diet and fecal microbiota transplantation, neuroimaging and methods in microbiota analyses, and current and future challenges with big data analysis in IBS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eline Margrete Randulff Hillestad
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen 5021, Norway
- National Center for Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders, Department of Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen 5021, Norway
| | - Aina van der Meeren
- National Center for Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders, Department of Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen 5021, Norway
| | - Bharat Halandur Nagaraja
- Mohn Medical Imaging and Visualization Center, Department of Radiology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen 5021, Norway
| | - Ben René Bjørsvik
- National Center for Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders, Department of Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen 5021, Norway
- Mohn Medical Imaging and Visualization Center, Department of Radiology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen 5021, Norway
| | - Noman Haleem
- National Center for Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders, Department of Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen 5021, Norway
- Mohn Medical Imaging and Visualization Center, Department of Radiology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen 5021, Norway
| | - Alfonso Benitez-Paez
- Host-Microbe Interactions in Metabolic Health Laboratory, Principe Felipe Research Center, Valencia 46012, Spain
| | - Yolanda Sanz
- Microbial Ecology, Nutrition and Health Research Unit, Institute of Agrochemistry and Food Technology, National Research Council, Paterna-Valencia 46980, Spain
| | - Trygve Hausken
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen 5021, Norway
- National Center for Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders, Department of Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen 5021, Norway
| | - Gülen Arslan Lied
- National Center for Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders, Department of Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen 5021, Norway
- Center for Nutrition, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen 5021, Norway
| | - Arvid Lundervold
- Mohn Medical Imaging and Visualization Center, Department of Radiology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen 5021, Norway
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, Bergen 5021, Norway
| | - Birgitte Berentsen
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen 5021, Norway
- National Center for Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders, Department of Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen 5021, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Chen M, Ruan G, Chen L, Ying S, Li G, Xu F, Xiao Z, Tian Y, Lv L, Ping Y, Cheng Y, Wei Y. Neurotransmitter and Intestinal Interactions: Focus on the Microbiota-Gut-Brain Axis in Irritable Bowel Syndrome. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:817100. [PMID: 35250873 PMCID: PMC8888441 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.817100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a functional gastrointestinal disorder of unknown etiology. IBS is caused by a disruption in the gut-brain axis. Given the importance of the gut microbiota in maintaining local and systemic homeostasis of immunity, endocrine, and other physiological processes, the microbiota-gut-brain axis has been proposed as a key regulator in IBS. Neurotransmitters have been shown to affect blood flow regulation, intestinal motility, nutrient absorption, the gastrointestinal immune system, and the microbiota in recent studies. It has the potential role to play a function in the pathophysiology of the gastrointestinal and neurological systems. Transmitters and their receptors, including 5-hydroxytryptamine, dopamine, γ-aminobutyric acid, and histamine, play an important role in IBS, especially in visceral sensitivity and gastrointestinal motility. Studies in this field have shed light on revealing the mechanism by which neurotransmitters act in the pathogenesis of IBS and discovering new therapeutic strategies based on traditional pharmacological approaches that target the nervous system or novel therapies that target the microbiota.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Minjia Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
- Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, School of Basic Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Guangcong Ruan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Lu Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Senhong Ying
- Department of Gastroenterology, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Guanhu Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Fenghua Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Zhifeng Xiao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Yuting Tian
- Department of Gastroenterology, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Linling Lv
- Department of Gastroenterology, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Yi Ping
- Department of Gastroenterology, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Yi Cheng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
- *Correspondence: Yanling Wei, ; Yi Cheng,
| | - Yanling Wei
- Department of Gastroenterology, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
- *Correspondence: Yanling Wei, ; Yi Cheng,
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Zhang L, Zhang Z, Xu L, Zhang X. Maintaining the Balance of Intestinal Flora through the Diet: Effective Prevention of Illness. Foods 2021; 10:foods10102312. [PMID: 34681359 PMCID: PMC8534928 DOI: 10.3390/foods10102312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The human body is home to a complex community of dynamic equilibrium microbiota, including bacteria, fungi, parasites, and viruses. It is known that the gut microbiome plays a crucial role in regulating innate and adaptive immune responses, intestinal peristalsis, intestinal barrier homeostasis, nutrient uptake, and fat distribution. The complex relationship between the host and microbiome suggests that when this relationship is out of balance, the microbiome may contribute to disease development. The brain–gut–microbial axis is composed of many signal molecules, gastrointestinal mucosal cells, the vagus nerve, and blood–brain barrier, which plays an essential role in developing many diseases. The microbiome can influence the central nervous system function through the brain–gut axis; the central nervous system can also affect the composition and partial functions of the gut microbiome in the same way. Different dietary patterns, specific dietary components, and functional dietary factors can significantly affect intestinal flora’s structure, composition, and function, thereby affecting human health. Based on the above, this paper reviewed the relationship between diet, intestinal flora, and human health, and the strategies to prevent mental illness through the dietary modification of intestinal microorganisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhang
- Department of Physical Education, China University of Mining and Technology, Beijing 100083, China; (L.Z.); (Z.Z.)
| | - Zhenying Zhang
- Department of Physical Education, China University of Mining and Technology, Beijing 100083, China; (L.Z.); (Z.Z.)
| | - Lei Xu
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China;
| | - Xin Zhang
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China;
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Enteric Microbiota-Mediated Serotonergic Signaling in Pathogenesis of Irritable Bowel Syndrome. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms221910235. [PMID: 34638577 PMCID: PMC8508930 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221910235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Revised: 09/18/2021] [Accepted: 09/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a chronic functional disorder that affects the gastrointestinal tract. Details regarding the pathogenesis of IBS remain largely unknown, though the dysfunction of the brain-gut-microbiome (BGM) axis is a major etiological factor, in which neurotransmitters serve as a key communication tool between enteric microbiota and the brain. One of the most important neurotransmitters in the pathology of IBS is serotonin (5-HT), as it influences gastrointestinal motility, pain sensation, mucosal inflammation, immune responses, and brain activity, all of which shape IBS features. Genome-wide association studies discovered susceptible genes for IBS in serotonergic signaling pathways. In clinical practice, treatment strategies targeting 5-HT were effective for a certain portion of IBS cases. The synthesis of 5-HT in intestinal enterochromaffin cells and host serotonergic signaling is regulated by enteric resident microbiota. Dysbiosis can trigger IBS development, potentially through aberrant 5-HT signaling in the BGM axis; thus, the manipulation of the gut microbiota may be an alternative treatment strategy. However, precise information regarding the mechanisms underlying the microbiota-mediated intestinal serotonergic pathway related to the pathogenesis of IBS remains unclear. The present review summarizes current knowledge and recent progress in understanding microbiome–serotonin interaction in IBS cases.
Collapse
|
28
|
Abstract
Gut microbiota plays a vital role in human health. The number of microorganisms inhabiting the gastrointestinal (GI) tract has been estimated to exceed 1013. The dominant genera in the human intestine are Firmicutes (more than 180 species of Lactobacillus), Actinobacteria (among others the Bifidobacteriae), Bacteroidetes (the most important is B. fragilis) and Proteobacteria (E. coli, Salmonella, Yersinia, Shigella, Vibrio, Haemophilus, etc.), but the composition of the flora varies individually, as well as in relation to factors such as host genetics, stress, diet, antibiotics and early childhood experiences. Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is one of the most common functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs), which has now been renamed disorders of gut-brain interaction, which affect a large number of people worldwide. It is characterized by abdominal pain and altered bowel habits in the absence of obvious anatomic or physiologic abnormalities. It poses a negative economic impact to the global health care system in addition to reducing the quality of life in patients. The pathophysiology of IBS is not fully understood. In IBS subjects gut microbiota relative to healthy controls was observed with an increase in Enterobacteriaceae, Ruminococcus, Clostridium, Dorea species and a decrease of Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, and Faecalibacterium species. IBS with diarrhea predominance (IBS-D) IBS with mixed bowel habits (IBS-M) share similarities in the microbial profile. Recent studies suggest that perturbations within "brain-gut-microbiota" axis may lead to IBS development. The aim of this review was to highlight the potential role of gut microbiota on pathophysiological mechanisms underlying IBS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cristina M Sabo
- Second Department of Internal Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania -
| | - Dan L Dumitrascu
- Second Department of Internal Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Hu Y, Chen F, Ye H, Lu B. Integrative analysis of the gut microbiome and metabolome in a rat model with stress induced irritable bowel syndrome. Sci Rep 2021; 11:17596. [PMID: 34475489 PMCID: PMC8413334 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-97083-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Stress is one of the major causes of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), which is well-known for perturbing the microbiome and exacerbating IBS-associated symptoms. However, changes in the gut microbiome and metabolome in response to colorectal distention (CRD), combined with restraint stress (RS) administration, remains unclear. In this study, CRD and RS stress were used to construct an IBS rat model. The 16S rRNA gene sequencing was used to characterize the microbiota in ileocecal contents. UHPLC-QTOF-MS/MS assay was used to characterize the metabolome of gut microbiota. As a result, significant gut microbial dysbiosis was observed in stress-induced IBS rats, with the obvious enrichment of three and depletion of 11 bacterial taxa in IBS rats, when compared with those in the control group (q < 0.05). Meanwhile, distinct changes in the fecal metabolic phenotype of stress-induced IBS rats were also found, including five increased and 19 decreased metabolites. Furthermore, phenylalanine, tyrosine and tryptophan biosynthesis were the main metabolic pathways induced by IBS stress. Moreover, the altered gut microbiota had a strong correlation with the changes in metabolism of stress-induced IBS rats. Prevotella bacteria are correlated with the metabolism of 1-Naphthol and Arg.Thr. In conclusion, the gut microbiome, metabolome and their interaction were altered. This may be critical for the development of stress-induced IBS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yue Hu
- Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 54 Youdian Road, Hangzhou, 310006, Zhejiang, China
| | - Fang Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhejiang Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Haiyong Ye
- Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Bin Lu
- Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 54 Youdian Road, Hangzhou, 310006, Zhejiang, China.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Wei L, Singh R, Ro S, Ghoshal UC. Gut microbiota dysbiosis in functional gastrointestinal disorders: Underpinning the symptoms and pathophysiology. JGH Open 2021; 5:976-987. [PMID: 34584964 PMCID: PMC8454481 DOI: 10.1002/jgh3.12528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs), currently known as disorders of gut-brain interaction, are emerging microbiota-gut-brain abnormalities that are prevalent worldwide. The pathogenesis of FGIDs is heterogeneous and is intertwined with gut microbiota and its derived molecule-modulated mechanisms, including gut dysmotility, visceral hypersensitivity, gut immune abnormalities, abnormal secretion, and impaired barrier function. There has been phenomenal progress in understanding the role of gut microbiota in FGIDs by underpinning the species alternations between healthy and pathological conditions such as FGIDs. However, the precise gut microbiota-directed cellular and molecular pathogeneses of FGIDs are yet enigmatic. Determining the mechanistic link between the gut microbiota and gastrointestinal (GI) diseases has been difficult due to (i) the lack of robust animal models imitating the various aspects of human FGID pathophysiology; (ii) the absence of longitudinal human and/or animal studies to unveil the interaction of the gut microbiota with FGID-relevant pathogenesis; (iii) uncertainty about connections between human and animal studies; and (iv) insufficient data supporting a holistic view of disease-specific pathophysiological changes in FGID patients. These unidentified gaps open possibilities to explore pathological mechanisms directed through gut microbiota dysbiosis in FGIDs. The current treatment options for dysbiotic gut microbiota are limited; dietary interventions, antibiotics, probiotics, and fecal microbiota transplantation are the front-line clinical options. Here, we review the contribution of gut microbiota and its derived molecules in gut homeostasis and explore the possible pathophysiological mechanisms involved in FGIDs leading to potential therapeutics options.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lai Wei
- Department of Physiology and Cell BiologyUniversity of Nevada, Reno, School of MedicineRenoNevadaUSA
| | - Rajan Singh
- Department of Physiology and Cell BiologyUniversity of Nevada, Reno, School of MedicineRenoNevadaUSA
| | - Seungil Ro
- Department of Physiology and Cell BiologyUniversity of Nevada, Reno, School of MedicineRenoNevadaUSA
| | - Uday C Ghoshal
- Department of GastroenterologySanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical SciencesLucknowIndia
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
El-Salhy M, Patcharatrakul T, Gonlachanvit S. Fecal microbiota transplantation for irritable bowel syndrome: An intervention for the 21 st century. World J Gastroenterol 2021; 27:2921-2943. [PMID: 34168399 PMCID: PMC8192290 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v27.i22.2921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Revised: 04/03/2021] [Accepted: 05/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) affects about 12% of the global population. Although IBS does not develop into a serious disease or increase mortality, it results in a considerable reduction in the quality of life. The etiology of IBS is not known, but the intestinal microbiota appears to play a pivotal role in its pathophysiology. There is no effective treatment for IBS, and so the applied treatments clinically focus on symptom relief. Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT), an old Chinese treatment, has been applied to IBS patients in seven randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Positive effects on IBS symptoms in various degrees were obtained in four of these RCTs, while there was no effect in the remaining three. Across the seven RCTs there were marked differences in the selection processes for the donor and treated patients, the transplant dose, the route of administration, and the methods used to measure how the patients responded to FMT. The present frontier discusses these differences and proposes: (1) criteria for selecting an effective donor (superdonor); (2) selection criteria for patients that are suitable for FMT; (3) the optimal FMT dose; and (4) the route of transplant administration. FMT appears to be safe, with only mild, self-limiting side effects of abdominal pain, cramping, tenderness, diarrhea, and constipation. Although it is early to speculate about the mechanisms underlying the effects of FMT, the available data suggest that changes in the intestinal bacteria accompanied by changes in fermentation patterns and fermentation products (specifically short-chain fatty acids) play an important role in improving the IBS symptoms seen after FMT. FMT appears to be a promising treatment for IBS, but further studies are needed before it can be applied in everyday clinical practice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Magdy El-Salhy
- Department of Medicine, Stord Helse Fonna Hospital and University of Bergen, Stord 5416, Norway
| | - Tanisa Patcharatrakul
- Department of Medicine, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital and Center of Excellence in Neurogastroenterology and Motility, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Sutep Gonlachanvit
- Department of Medicine, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital and Center of Excellence in Neurogastroenterology and Motility, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Krell T, Gavira JA, Velando F, Fernández M, Roca A, Monteagudo-Cascales E, Matilla MA. Histamine: A Bacterial Signal Molecule. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:6312. [PMID: 34204625 PMCID: PMC8231116 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22126312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Revised: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacteria have evolved sophisticated signaling mechanisms to coordinate interactions with organisms of other domains, such as plants, animals and human hosts. Several important signal molecules have been identified that are synthesized by members of different domains and that play important roles in inter-domain communication. In this article, we review recent data supporting that histamine is a signal molecule that may play an important role in inter-domain and inter-species communication. Histamine is a key signal molecule in humans, with multiple functions, such as being a neurotransmitter or modulator of immune responses. More recent studies have shown that bacteria have evolved different mechanisms to sense histamine or histamine metabolites. Histamine sensing in the human pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa was found to trigger chemoattraction to histamine and to regulate the expression of many virulence-related genes. Further studies have shown that many bacteria are able to synthesize and secrete histamine. The release of histamine by bacteria in the human gut was found to modulate the host immune responses and, at higher doses, to result in host pathologies. The elucidation of the role of histamine as an inter-domain signaling molecule is an emerging field of research and future investigation is required to assess its potential general nature.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tino Krell
- Department of Environmental Protection, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Prof. Albareda 1, 18008 Granada, Spain; (F.V.); (E.M.-C.)
| | - José A. Gavira
- Laboratory of Crystallographic Studies, IACT (CSIC-UGR), Avenida de las Palmeras 4, 18100 Armilla, Spain;
| | - Félix Velando
- Department of Environmental Protection, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Prof. Albareda 1, 18008 Granada, Spain; (F.V.); (E.M.-C.)
| | - Matilde Fernández
- Department of Microbiology, Facultad de Farmacia, Campus Universitario de Cartuja, Universidad de Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; (M.F.); (A.R.)
| | - Amalia Roca
- Department of Microbiology, Facultad de Farmacia, Campus Universitario de Cartuja, Universidad de Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; (M.F.); (A.R.)
| | - Elizabet Monteagudo-Cascales
- Department of Environmental Protection, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Prof. Albareda 1, 18008 Granada, Spain; (F.V.); (E.M.-C.)
| | - Miguel A. Matilla
- Department of Environmental Protection, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Prof. Albareda 1, 18008 Granada, Spain; (F.V.); (E.M.-C.)
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Impact of Environmental and Pharmacologic Changes on the Upper Gastrointestinal Microbiome. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9060617. [PMID: 34072493 PMCID: PMC8229529 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9060617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Revised: 05/23/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Diseases of the upper gastrointestinal tract have become more prevalent over time. Mechanisms of disease formation are still only partially understood. Recent literature has shown that the surrounding microbiome affects the propensity for disease formation in various parts of the upper gastrointestinal tract. A review was performed of any literature to our best knowledge concerning the effects of pharmacologic agents, environmental changes, and surgical intervention on the microbiome of the upper gastrointestinal tract. Searches of the literature were performed using specific keywords related to drugs, surgical procedures, and environmental factors. Many prescription and nonprescription drugs that are commonly used have varying effects on the upper gastrointestinal tract. Proton pump inhibitors may affect the relative prevalence of some organisms in the lower esophagus and have less effect in the proximal esophagus. Changes in the esophageal microbiome correlate with some esophageal diseases. Drugs that induce weight loss have also been shown to affect the microbiomes of the esophagus and stomach. Common surgical procedures are associated with shifts in the microbial community in the gastrointestinal tract. Environmental factors have been shown to affect the microbiome in the upper gastrointestinal tract, as geographic differences correlate with alterations in the microbiome of the gastrointestinal tract. Understanding the association of environmental and pharmacologic changes on the microbiome of the upper gastrointestinal tract will facilitate treatment plans to reduce morbidity from disease.
Collapse
|
34
|
Langan D, Perkins DJ, Vogel SN, Moudgil KD. Microbiota-Derived Metabolites, Indole-3-aldehyde and Indole-3-acetic Acid, Differentially Modulate Innate Cytokines and Stromal Remodeling Processes Associated with Autoimmune Arthritis. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22042017. [PMID: 33670600 PMCID: PMC7922345 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22042017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Accepted: 02/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease characterized by chronic inflammation of the synovial joints. Inflammation, new blood vessel formation (angiogenesis) and bone resorption (osteoclastogenesis) are three key processes involved in the joint damage and deformities of arthritis. Various gut microbiota-derived metabolites are implicated in RA pathogenesis. However, there is barely any information about the impact of two such metabolites, indole-3-aldehyde (IAld) and indole-3-acetic acid (I3AA), on arthritis-related processes. We conducted a comparative analysis of IAld and I3AA using established cell-based models to understand how they might influence RA pathogenesis. Although structurally similar, the bioactivities of these two metabolites were profoundly different. IAld but not I3AA, inhibited the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β and IL-6) in RAW 264.7 (RAW) cells stimulated with heat-killed M. tuberculosis sonicate (Mtb) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS). IAld also exhibited pro-angiogenic activity and pro-osteoclastogenic activity. In contrast, I3AA exhibited anti-angiogenic activity on endothelial cell tube formation but had no effect on osteoclastogenesis. Both IAld and I3AA have been proposed as aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) agonists. Use of CH-223191, an inhibitor of the AhR, suppressed the anti-angiogenic activity of I3AA but failed to mitigate the effects of IAld. Further investigation of the anti-inflammatory activities of IAld and I3AA in LPS-treated RAW cells indicated that inhibition of MyD88-dependent activation of NF-κB and MAPK pathways was not likely involved. Our results suggest that the relative bioavailability of these indole derivatives may differentially impact RA progression and possibly other diseases that share similar cellular processes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David Langan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; (D.L.); (D.J.P.); (S.N.V.)
- Research Service, Baltimore Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Darren J. Perkins
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; (D.L.); (D.J.P.); (S.N.V.)
| | - Stefanie N. Vogel
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; (D.L.); (D.J.P.); (S.N.V.)
| | - Kamal D. Moudgil
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; (D.L.); (D.J.P.); (S.N.V.)
- Research Service, Baltimore Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|