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Patra DC, Mondal SP. Paper-based Electrochemical Sensor Integrated with Gold Nanoparticle-Decorated Carbon Cloth as a Working Electrode for Nitric Oxide Detection in Artificial Tears. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2024. [PMID: 39010742 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.4c00425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/17/2024]
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) in human tears regulates numerous ocular surface processes, such as tear generation, corneal wound healing, conjunctival vascular tone, and so forth. Any deviation from its normal concentration is linked to various ocular syndromes, including microbial keratitis, conjunctivitis, pterygium, dry eye, retinitis, glaucoma, and so forth. Therefore, precise monitoring of NO in tears can be considered as a potential biomarker for ocular diseases. Here, we report a highly sensitive and selective electrochemical NO sensor using carbon ink-based electrodes. Counter, working (WE), and reference electrodes have been designed and painted on a butter paper by using carbon ink. To improve the sensing performance, the WE has been modified with a gold nanoparticle (Au NP)-deposited carbon cloth (CC). Such a paper-based sensor demonstrated high sensitivity of ∼0.34 μA μM-1 cm-2, ultralow detection limit of ∼2.35 nM, wide linear range of 10 nM-0.4 mM, and fast response time (0.35 s). The sensor also showed excellent stability and selectivity toward the interfering agents in human body fluids. Such a low-cost, flexible paper-based sensor was employed for the detection of NO in artificial tears.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dulal Chandra Patra
- Department of Physics, National Institute of Technology, Agartala 799046, India
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2
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Jiang Y, Cao Y, Li Y, Bi L, Wang L, Chen Q, Lin Y, Jin H, Xu X, Peng R, Chen Z. SNP alleviates mitochondrial homeostasis dysregulation-mediated developmental toxicity in diabetic zebrafish larvae. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 177:117117. [PMID: 38996709 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.117117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2024] [Revised: 06/28/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The incidence of diabetes is increasing annually, and the disease is uncurable due to its complex pathogenesis. Therefore, understanding diabetes pathogenesis and developing new treatments are crucial. This study showed that the NO donor SNP (8 µM) significantly alleviated high glucose-induced developmental toxicity in zebrafish larvae. High glucose levels caused hyperglycemia, leading to oxidative stress and mitochondrial damage from excessive ROS accumulation. This promoted mitochondrial-dependent apoptosis and lipid peroxidation (LPO)-induced ferroptosis, along with immune inflammatory reactions that decreased mitochondrial function and altered intracellular grid morphology, causing imbalanced kinetics and autophagy. After SNP treatment, zebrafish larvae showed improved developmental toxicity and glucose utilization, reduced ROS accumulation, and increased antioxidant activity. The NO-sGC-cGMP signaling pathway, inhibited by high glucose, was significantly activated by SNP, improving mitochondrial homeostasis, increasing mitochondrial count, and enhancing mitochondrial function. It's worth noting that apoptosis, ferroptosis and immune inflammation were effectively alleviated. In summary, SNP improved high glucose-induced developmental toxicity by activating the NO-sGC-cGMP signaling pathway to reduce toxic effects such as apoptosis, ferroptosis and inflammation resulting from mitochondrial homeostasis imbalance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Jiang
- Department of Emergency, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Shanghai University, Wenzhou No.3 Clinical Institute Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou People's Hospital, China
| | - Yu Cao
- Institute of Life Sciences & Biomedicine Collaborative Innovation Center of Zhejiang province, College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Yaoqi Li
- Institute of Life Sciences & Biomedicine Collaborative Innovation Center of Zhejiang province, College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Liuliu Bi
- Institute of Life Sciences & Biomedicine Collaborative Innovation Center of Zhejiang province, College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Lv Wang
- Department of Emergency, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Shanghai University, Wenzhou No.3 Clinical Institute Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou People's Hospital, China
| | - Qianqian Chen
- Institute of Life Sciences & Biomedicine Collaborative Innovation Center of Zhejiang province, College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Yue Lin
- General Practitioner, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Shanghai University, Wenzhou No.3 Clinical Institute Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou People's Hospital, China
| | - Huanzhi Jin
- General Practitioner, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Shanghai University, Wenzhou No.3 Clinical Institute Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou People's Hospital, China
| | - Xiaoming Xu
- Scientific Research Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Shanghai University, Wenzhou No.3 Clinical Institute Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou People's Hospital, China
| | - Renyi Peng
- Institute of Life Sciences & Biomedicine Collaborative Innovation Center of Zhejiang province, College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China.
| | - Zheyan Chen
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Shanghai University, Wenzhou No.3 Clinical Institute Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou People's Hospital, China.
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Tampa M, Nicolae I, Ene CD, Mitran CI, Mitran MI, Matei C, Georgescu SR. The Interplay between Nitrosative Stress, Inflammation, and Antioxidant Defense in Patients with Lichen Planus. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:670. [PMID: 38929109 PMCID: PMC11200615 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13060670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2024] [Revised: 05/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lichen planus (LP) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease of unelucidated etiology. LP immunopathogenesis is mainly governed by cytotoxic T lymphocytes that mediate an immune response in basal keratinocytes, which may transform into a reservoir of antigens able to initiate an autoimmune reaction. However, other pathogenic pathways complement these mechanisms. Recent studies highlight the involvement of nitrosative stress in the pathogenesis of chronic inflammatory skin diseases. Current data on its role in the pathogenesis of LP are scarce. METHODS In this article, we investigated nitrosative stress in 40 cutaneous LP (CLP) patients compared to 40 healthy subjects using serum markers including nitrosative stress markers-direct nitrite, total nitrite, nitrate and symmetric dimethylarginine (SDMA), total antioxidant status (TAS), and hsCRP, a marker of inflammation, and analyzed the relationship between nitrosative stress, antioxidant defense, and inflammation to offer new insights into the role of the NO pathway in LP pathogenesis. RESULTS We identified significantly higher serum levels of direct nitrite, total nitrite, nitrate, SDMA and hsCRP, and significantly lower levels of TAS in CLP patients versus controls. There were significant negative correlations between the serum levels of TAS and significantl positive correlations between the serum levels of hsCRP and the analyzed nitrosative stress markers in patients with CLP. CONCLUSION Our results indicate an increased level of nitrosative stress in LP patients that correlates with a pro-inflammatory status and altered antioxidant defense.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mircea Tampa
- Department of Dermatology, ‘Carol Davila’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania; (M.T.); (S.R.G.)
- Department of Dermatology, ‘Victor Babes’ Clinical Hospital for Infectious Diseases, 030303 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Ilinca Nicolae
- Department of Dermatology, ‘Victor Babes’ Clinical Hospital for Infectious Diseases, 030303 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Corina Daniela Ene
- Departments of Nephrology, ‘Carol Davila’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Nephrology, ‘Carol Davila’ Nephrology Hospital, 010731 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Cristina Iulia Mitran
- Department of Microbiology, ‘Carol Davila’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania; (C.I.M.); (M.I.M.)
| | - Madalina Irina Mitran
- Department of Microbiology, ‘Carol Davila’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania; (C.I.M.); (M.I.M.)
| | - Clara Matei
- Department of Dermatology, ‘Carol Davila’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania; (M.T.); (S.R.G.)
| | - Simona Roxana Georgescu
- Department of Dermatology, ‘Carol Davila’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania; (M.T.); (S.R.G.)
- Department of Dermatology, ‘Victor Babes’ Clinical Hospital for Infectious Diseases, 030303 Bucharest, Romania;
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Dobrijević Z, Stevanović J, Robajac D, Penezić A, Četić D, Baralić M, Nedić O. Association between nitric oxide synthase (NOS3) gene polymorphisms and diabetic nephropathy: An updated meta-analysis. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2024; 586:112197. [PMID: 38462124 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2024.112197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
Polymorphisms located within NOS3 gene have been investigated as susceptibility variants for diabetic nephropathy (DN) in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in a large number of studies. However, these previous articles yielded inconsistent results and we aimed at elucidating the impact of NOS3 variants on DN risk in T2DM by conducting an updated systematic data synthesis. A total of 36 studies (12,807 participants) were selected for qualitative data synthesis, while 33 records with 11,649 subjects were included in the meta-analysis. The pooled analysis demonstrated the association of minor alleles of rs2070744 and rs1799983 with an increased susceptibility to DN (P < 0.001 and P = 0.015 for allelic model, respectively). For both of these variants, a significant effect of subgrouping according to ethnicity was found. Rs869109213 displayed an association with DN susceptibility, with pooled effect measures indicating a predisposing effect of the minor allele a (Prec = 0.002, ORrec = 1.960, 95%CI 1.288-2.983; Paavs. bb = 0.001, ORaavs. bb = 2.014, 95%CI 1.316-3.083). These findings support the effects of NOS3 variants on the risk of developing DN in T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zorana Dobrijević
- University of Belgrade - Institute for the Application of Nuclear Energy, Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Jovana Stevanović
- University of Belgrade - Institute for the Application of Nuclear Energy, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Dragana Robajac
- University of Belgrade - Institute for the Application of Nuclear Energy, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Ana Penezić
- University of Belgrade - Institute for the Application of Nuclear Energy, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Danilo Četić
- University of Belgrade - Institute for the Application of Nuclear Energy, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Marko Baralić
- University of Belgrade - School of Medicine, Belgrade, Serbia; Department of Nephrology, University Clinical Centre of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Olgica Nedić
- University of Belgrade - Institute for the Application of Nuclear Energy, Belgrade, Serbia
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Torkaman P, Meybodi AM, Kheradmand A, Eiliaei S, Ardakani MT. Effect of l-arginine compared to placebo on sexual function in women with major depressive disorder: a randomized controlled trial. BMC Psychiatry 2024; 24:358. [PMID: 38745327 PMCID: PMC11092258 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-024-05781-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND While some evidence suggests that l-arginine may improve sexual function and alleviate depression, it has not been investigated in women with depression to assess both its effects on the depression and sexual function concurrently. METHODS Patients who had received a diagnosis of major depressive disorder, as determined by predetermined inclusion and exclusion criteria, were enrolled in this triple-blind clinical trial. Patients were divided into two groups: group A, received L-arginine 1 gram twice daily, and group B, received a placebo for four weeks. They were evaluated at baseline, after four and eight weeks with the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS), and Rosen's questionnaire or Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI). RESULTS A decrease in the severity of depression was observed in all patients, which was determined due to Hamilton's questionnaire (P-value < 0.001). During the time in group A, FSFI increased. Based on the FSFI questionnaire, they had improvement in some domains, including the lubrication index and orgasm index, which significantly changed in the eighth week compared to the baseline (P-value < 0.05). However, these two indicators did not change statistically significantly compared to the placebo group. CONCLUSION L-arginine supplementation can improve sexual function, particularly lubrication and orgasm, and mood in women with depression, with minimal side effects observed. Additional research is necessary to validate these results by examining the effects of higher dosages, extended durations, and larger populations of depressed patients. TRIAL REGISTRATION Iranian Registry of Clinical Trial: IRCT20100127003210N26.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pouria Torkaman
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Azadeh Mazaheri Meybodi
- Department of Psychiatry, Taleghani Hospital Research Development Committee, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Kheradmand
- Department of Psychiatry, Taleghani Hospital Research Development Committee, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shiva Eiliaei
- Department of Psychiatry, Taleghani Hospital Research Development Committee, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maria Tavakoli Ardakani
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Pinto MR, da Silva Medeiros KI, Maia LM, Coelho AA, Negreiros Nunes Alves AP, Caetano CFF, Mesquita KC, de Barros Silva PG, Sousa FB. Role of induced nitric oxide synthases in orofacial nociception/discomfort after dental tooth bleaching with hydrogen peroxide. Arch Oral Biol 2024; 161:105937. [PMID: 38442471 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2024.105937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Revised: 02/18/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the role of induced nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in nociception/orofacial discomfort in rats submitted to tooth whitening with hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂). DESIGN Wistar rats were divided into three groups (n = 24/group): a sham group not submitted to whitening treatment, a saline group submitted to whitening treatment, and a test group submitted to whitening treatment and blockade of iNOS with aminoguanidine 50 mg/kg/day. After 24 and 48 h, and 7 days, the animals were euthanized to collect trigeminal ganglia and maxillae to histomorphometric analysis (size of neuronal bodies and percentage of pulp area filled by vessels) and behavior/nociception (Grimace scales, scratching and biting counting, weight loss and nociception assay). ANOVA-1- or - 2-way tests were used (p < 0.05, GraphPadPrism 5.0). RESULTS The aminoguanidine-treated group showed a reduction in nociceptive threshold in the masseteric region (p < 0.001), Grimace scale scores (p < 0.001), number of scratching (p = 0.011) and body mass loss (p = 0.007). After 24 and 48 h of tooth bleaching, the saline group showed a significant increase in the mean area of the blood vessels (p = 0.020) and iNOS immunostaining in odontoblasts (p = 0.002) and non-odontoblasts cells (p = 0.025). Aminoguanidine reversed both increases. Tooth bleaching reduced the mean area of neuronal bodies, and aminoguanidine significantly reversed it (p = 0.019), but an increase in GFAP immunostaining in neuronal bodies did not reduce after seven-days or after aminoguanidine treatment (p = 0.003). CONCLUSION iNOS blockage by aminoguanidine plays an important role in nociception and orofacial discomfort by control of inflammation in dental pulp after tooth bleaching with hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) 35%.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Ana Paula Negreiros Nunes Alves
- Department of Dental Clinic, Division of Oral Pathology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Dentistry and Nursing, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
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Chai X, Liu L, Chen F. Oral nitrate-reducing bacteria as potential probiotics for blood pressure homeostasis. Front Cardiovasc Med 2024; 11:1337281. [PMID: 38638884 PMCID: PMC11024454 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2024.1337281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Hypertension is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide and poses a major risk factor for cardiovascular diseases and chronic kidney disease. Research has shown that nitric oxide (NO) is a vasodilator that regulates vascular tension and the decrease of NO bioactivity is considered one of the potential pathogenesis of essential hypertension. The L-arginine-nitric oxide synthase (NOS) pathway is the main source of endogenous NO production. However, with aging or the onset of diseases, the function of the NOS system becomes impaired, leading to insufficient NO production. The nitrate-nitrite-NO pathway allows for the generation of biologically active NO independent of the NOS system, by utilizing endogenous or dietary inorganic nitrate and nitrite through a series of reduction cycles. The oral cavity serves as an important interface between the body and the environment, and dysbiosis or disruption of the oral microbiota has negative effects on blood pressure regulation. In this review, we explore the role of oral microbiota in maintaining blood pressure homeostasis, particularly the connection between nitrate-reducing bacteria and the bioavailability of NO in the bloodstream and blood pressure changes. This review aims to elucidate the potential mechanisms by which oral nitrate-reducing bacteria contribute to blood pressure homeostasis and to highlight the use of oral nitrate-reducing bacteria as probiotics for oral microbiota intervention to prevent hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofen Chai
- Central Laboratory, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Libing Liu
- Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Feng Chen
- Central Laboratory, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
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Zhang L, Lang F, Feng J, Wang J. Review of the therapeutic potential of Forsythiae Fructus on the central nervous system: Active ingredients and mechanisms of action. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 319:117275. [PMID: 37797873 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.117275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Traditional Chinese medicine has gained significant attention in recent years owing to its multi-component, multi-target, and multi-pathway advantages in treating various diseases. Forsythiae Fructus, derived from the dried fruit of Forsythia suspensa (Thunb.) Vahl, is one such traditional Chinese medicine with numerous in vivo and ex vivo therapeutic effects, including anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and antiviral properties. Forsythiae Fructus contains more than 200 chemical constituents, with forsythiaside, forsythiaside A, forsythiaside B, isoforsythiaside, forsythin, and phillyrin being the most active ingredients. Forsythiae Fructus exerts neuroprotective effects by modulating various pathways, including oxidative stress, anti-inflammation, NF-κB signaling, 2-AG, Nrf2 signaling, acetylcholinesterase, PI3K-Akt signaling, ferroptosis, gut-brain axis, TLR4 signaling, endoplasmic reticulum stress, PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling, and PPARγ signaling pathway. AIM OF THE STUDY This review aims to highlight the potential therapeutic effects of Forsythiae Fructus on the central nervous system and summarize the current knowledge on the active ingredients of Forsythiae Fructus and their effects on different pathways involved in neuroprotection. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this review, we conducted a comprehensive search of databases (PubMed, Google Scholar, Web of Science, China Knowledge Resource Integrated, local dissertations and books) up until June 2023 using key terms such as Forsythia suspensa, Forsythiae Fructus, forsythiaside, isoforsythiaside, forsythin, phillyrin, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, ischemic stroke, intracerebral hemorrhage, traumatic brain injury, aging, and herpes simplex virus encephalitis. RESULTS Our findings indicate that Forsythiae Fructus and its active ingredients own therapeutic effects on the central nervous system by modulating various pathways, including oxidative stress, anti-inflammation, NF-κB signaling, 2-AG, Nrf2 signaling, acetylcholinesterase, PI3K-Akt signaling, ferroptosis, the gut-brain axis, TLR4 signaling, endoplasmic reticulum stress, PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling, and PPARγ signaling pathway. CONCLUSION Forsythiae Fructus and its active ingredients have demonstrated promising neuroprotective properties. Future in vivo and clinical studies of Forsythiae Fructus and its active ingredients should be conducted to establish precise dosage and standard guidelines for a more effective application in the treatment of neurological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leying Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, 36 Sanhao St, Shenyang, 110004, China
| | - Fenglong Lang
- Department of Neurology, Fushun Central Hospital, Fushun, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Juan Feng
- Department of Neurology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, 36 Sanhao St, Shenyang, 110004, China
| | - Jue Wang
- Department of Neurology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, 36 Sanhao St, Shenyang, 110004, China.
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Hricisák L, Pál É, Nagy D, Delank M, Polycarpou A, Fülöp Á, Sándor P, Sótonyi P, Ungvári Z, Benyó Z. NO Deficiency Compromises Inter- and Intrahemispheric Blood Flow Adaptation to Unilateral Carotid Artery Occlusion. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:697. [PMID: 38255769 PMCID: PMC10815552 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25020697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 12/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/01/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Carotid artery stenosis (CAS) affects approximately 5-7.5% of older adults and is recognized as a significant risk factor for vascular cognitive impairment (VCI). The impact of CAS on cerebral blood flow (CBF) within the ipsilateral hemisphere relies on the adaptive capabilities of the cerebral microcirculation. In this study, we aimed to test the hypothesis that the impaired availability of nitric oxide (NO) compromises CBF homeostasis after unilateral carotid artery occlusion (CAO). To investigate this, three mouse models exhibiting compromised production of NO were tested: NOS1 knockout, NOS1/3 double knockout, and mice treated with the NO synthesis inhibitor L-NAME. Regional CBF changes following CAO were evaluated using laser-speckle contrast imaging (LSCI). Our findings demonstrated that NOS1 knockout, NOS1/3 double knockout, and L-NAME-treated mice exhibited impaired CBF adaptation to CAO. Furthermore, genetic deficiency of one or two NO synthase isoforms increased the tortuosity of pial collaterals connecting the frontoparietal and temporal regions. In conclusion, our study highlights the significant contribution of NO production to the functional adaptation of cerebrocortical microcirculation to unilateral CAO. We propose that impaired bioavailability of NO contributes to the impaired CBF homeostasis by altering inter- and intrahemispheric blood flow redistribution after unilateral disruption of carotid artery flow.
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Affiliation(s)
- László Hricisák
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, 1094 Budapest, Hungary; (L.H.); (É.P.); (D.N.); (M.D.); (A.P.); (Á.F.); (P.S.)
- HUN-REN-SU Cerebrovascular and Neurocognitive Diseases Research Group, 1094 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Éva Pál
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, 1094 Budapest, Hungary; (L.H.); (É.P.); (D.N.); (M.D.); (A.P.); (Á.F.); (P.S.)
- HUN-REN-SU Cerebrovascular and Neurocognitive Diseases Research Group, 1094 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Dorina Nagy
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, 1094 Budapest, Hungary; (L.H.); (É.P.); (D.N.); (M.D.); (A.P.); (Á.F.); (P.S.)
- HUN-REN-SU Cerebrovascular and Neurocognitive Diseases Research Group, 1094 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Max Delank
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, 1094 Budapest, Hungary; (L.H.); (É.P.); (D.N.); (M.D.); (A.P.); (Á.F.); (P.S.)
| | - Andreas Polycarpou
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, 1094 Budapest, Hungary; (L.H.); (É.P.); (D.N.); (M.D.); (A.P.); (Á.F.); (P.S.)
- Mayo Clinic, College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Ágnes Fülöp
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, 1094 Budapest, Hungary; (L.H.); (É.P.); (D.N.); (M.D.); (A.P.); (Á.F.); (P.S.)
- HUN-REN-SU Cerebrovascular and Neurocognitive Diseases Research Group, 1094 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Péter Sándor
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, 1094 Budapest, Hungary; (L.H.); (É.P.); (D.N.); (M.D.); (A.P.); (Á.F.); (P.S.)
- HUN-REN-SU Cerebrovascular and Neurocognitive Diseases Research Group, 1094 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Péter Sótonyi
- Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Semmelweis University, 1122 Budapest, Hungary;
| | - Zoltán Ungvári
- Vascular Cognitive Impairment, Neurodegeneration and Healthy Brain Aging Program, Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA;
- Department of Health Promotion Sciences, College of Public Health, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
- International Training Program in Geroscience, Doctoral College/Department of Public Health, Semmelweis University, 1089 Budapest, Hungary
- The Peggy and Charles Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
| | - Zoltán Benyó
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, 1094 Budapest, Hungary; (L.H.); (É.P.); (D.N.); (M.D.); (A.P.); (Á.F.); (P.S.)
- HUN-REN-SU Cerebrovascular and Neurocognitive Diseases Research Group, 1094 Budapest, Hungary
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Mekhno N, Hlyvka N, Furka O, Ruzhytska O, Kulitska M, Kuzmak I, Yaremchuk O. Impact of modulators of nitric oxide synthesis on the level of cytokines in bronchoalveolar lavage in experimental antiphospholipid syndrome. POLSKI MERKURIUSZ LEKARSKI : ORGAN POLSKIEGO TOWARZYSTWA LEKARSKIEGO 2024; 52:332-336. [PMID: 39007472 DOI: 10.36740/merkur202403110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Aim: The aim of the research is to study the cytokine prof i le (IL-1β, IL 6, TNF-α, IL-4, IL-10) in bronchoalveolar lavage of lungs in experimental APS and its correction with L-arginine and aminoguanidine. PATIENTS AND METHODS Materials and Methods: Antiphospholipid syndrome was modeled on white female BALB/c mice. L-arginine (25 mg/kg) and aminoguanidine (10 mg/kg) were used for its correction. The concentration of cytokines in bronchoalveolar lavage from the lungs was assessed using the ELISA test. RESULTS Results: It was established that in cases of APS the concentration of proinf l ammatory cytokines IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-a increased in 1.9, 2.3 and 6.6 times, respectively, compare to the control. At the same time a decrease of the IL-4 in 1.7 and IL-10 in 1.8 times was found in the APS group compare to the control. L-arginine reduced the level of proinf l ammatory cytokines IL-1β by 22%, IL-6 - by 36%, and TNF-α - by 23% compare to the animals with APS. At the same time, the level of anti-inf l ammatory cytokines increased: IL-4 - by 46%, IL-10 - by 57% compare to the APS animal group. Aminoguanidine, a selective iNOS inhibitor, did not cause any signif i cant decrease in pro-inf l ammatory cytokines but the level of anti-inf l ammatory cytokines IL-4 increased by 44% and IL-10 - by 49%. CONCLUSION Conclusions: The precursor of the NO synthesis L-arginine leads to a decrease in the concentrations of IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-a and an increase of IL-4 and IL-10 compare to the group of BALB/c mice with APS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nataliia Mekhno
- I. HORBACHEVSKY TERNOPIL NATIONAL MEDICAL UNIVERSITY, TERNOPIL, UKRAINE
| | - Nelia Hlyvka
- I. HORBACHEVSKY TERNOPIL NATIONAL MEDICAL UNIVERSITY, TERNOPIL, UKRAINE
| | - Olha Furka
- I. HORBACHEVSKY TERNOPIL NATIONAL MEDICAL UNIVERSITY, TERNOPIL, UKRAINE
| | - Olena Ruzhytska
- I. HORBACHEVSKY TERNOPIL NATIONAL MEDICAL UNIVERSITY, TERNOPIL, UKRAINE
| | - Mariia Kulitska
- I. HORBACHEVSKY TERNOPIL NATIONAL MEDICAL UNIVERSITY, TERNOPIL, UKRAINE
| | - Iryna Kuzmak
- I. HORBACHEVSKY TERNOPIL NATIONAL MEDICAL UNIVERSITY, TERNOPIL, UKRAINE
| | - Olha Yaremchuk
- I. HORBACHEVSKY TERNOPIL NATIONAL MEDICAL UNIVERSITY, TERNOPIL, UKRAINE
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11
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Mazumdar D, Singh S. Diabetic Encephalopathy: Role of Oxidative and Nitrosative Factors in Type 2 Diabetes. Indian J Clin Biochem 2024; 39:3-17. [PMID: 38223005 PMCID: PMC10784252 DOI: 10.1007/s12291-022-01107-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a set of complex metabolic disorders characterized by chronic hyperglycaemic condition due to defective insulin secretion (Type 1) and action (Type 2), which leads to serious micro and macro-vascular damage, inflammation, oxidative and nitrosative stress and a deranged energy homeostasis due to imbalance in the glucose and lipid metabolism. Moreover, patient with diabetes mellitus often showed the nervous system disorders known as diabetic encephalopathy. The precise pathological mechanism of diabetic encephalopathy by which it effects the central nervous system directly or indirectly causing the cognitive and motor impairment, is not completely understood. However, it has been speculated that like other extracerebellar tissues, oxidative and nitrosative stress may play significant role in the pathogenesis of diabetic encephalopathy. Therefore, the present review aimed to explain the possible association of the oxidative and nitrosative stress caused by the chronic hyperglycaemic condition with the central nervous system complications of the type 2 diabetes mellitus induced diabetic encephalopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debashree Mazumdar
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya (A Central University), Bilaspur, Chhattisgarh 495009 India
| | - Santosh Singh
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya (A Central University), Bilaspur, Chhattisgarh 495009 India
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12
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Li T, Bao B, Hao Y, Liu J, Bi H, Guo D. Suppressive effect of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibitor L-NMMA acetate on choroidal fibrosis in experimental myopic guinea pigs through the nitric oxide signaling pathway. Eur J Pharmacol 2023; 960:176111. [PMID: 37863413 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.176111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023]
Abstract
Myopia is one of the most prevalent eye diseases that seriously threaten the eyesight of children and adolescents worldwide. However, the pathogenesis is still unclear, and effective drugs are still scarce. In the present study, the guinea pigs were randomly divided into a normal control (NC) group, a lens-induced myopia (LIM) group, a NOS inhibitor (L-NMMA) injection group, and a NOS inhibitor solvent phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) group and the animals received relevant treatments. After 2- and 4-week different treatments, we noted that the refraction and choroidal thickness in the LIM group decreased compared with the NC group, whereas the ocular axial length increased significantly, and the choroid showed a fibrotic trend. The expression of NOS1, NOS3, TGF-β1, COLI, and α-SMA at gene and protein levels was increased significantly in the choroid (all P < 0.05). After intravitreal injection of NOS inhibitor L-NMMA, we found that compared with the LIM group, the refraction and the choroidal thickness significantly increased, whereas the axial length reduced significantly, accompanied by an increase of choroidal thickness and an improvement of choroidal fibrosis. The expression levels of choroidal NOS1, NOS3, TGF-β, COLI, and α-SMA were significantly reduced (all P < 0.05). In conclusion, the trend of choroidal fibrosis in LIM guinea pigs is positively correlated with the increase in axial length. The NOS inhibitor L-NMMA can alleviate the process of choroidal fibrosis in myopic guinea pigs by inhibiting NO signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuling Li
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 48#, Yingxiongshan Road, Jinan, 250002, China
| | - Bo Bao
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 48#, Yingxiongshan Road, Jinan, 250002, China
| | - Yixian Hao
- Affiliated Eye Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 48#, Yingxiongshan Road, Jinan, 250002, China
| | - Jinpeng Liu
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 48#, Yingxiongshan Road, Jinan, 250002, China
| | - Hongsheng Bi
- Affiliated Eye Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 48#, Yingxiongshan Road, Jinan, 250002, China; Medical College of Optometry and Ophthalmology, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 48#, Yingxiongshan Road, Jinan, 250002, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Therapy of Ocular Diseases, Shandong Academy of Eye Disease Prevention and Therapy, No. 48#, Yingxiongshan Road, Jinan, 250002, China.
| | - Dadong Guo
- Medical College of Optometry and Ophthalmology, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 48#, Yingxiongshan Road, Jinan, 250002, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Therapy of Ocular Diseases, Shandong Academy of Eye Disease Prevention and Therapy, No. 48#, Yingxiongshan Road, Jinan, 250002, China.
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13
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Wang W, Liu X, Wang L, Song G, Jiang W, Mu L, Li J. Ficus carica polysaccharide extraction via ultrasound-assisted technique: Structure characterization, antioxidant, hypoglycemic and immunomodulatory activities. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2023; 101:106680. [PMID: 37956509 PMCID: PMC10661605 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2023.106680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 10/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
In this research, the ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) conditions of the water-soluble polysaccharide (FCPS) from Ficus carica fruits were optimized using the response surface methodology. The optimal FCPS yield was 7.97 % achieved by conducting ultrasound-assisted extraction four times at a solid-liquid ratio of 1:20 (g/mL) and an ultrasound temperature of 70 °C. Then, the structure, antioxidant properties, hypoglycemic effects, and immunomodulatory activities of FCPS were evaluated. FCPS was characterized as irregular, rough-surfaced, flaky materials consisting of pyran-type polysaccharides with α- and β-glycosidic linkages, and composed of multiple monosaccharides and only one homogeneous concentrated polysaccharide component (FCPS1) with a molecular weight of 4.224 × 104 Da. The results suggested FCPS exhibited remarkable antioxidant activity in vitro, as evidenced by improved cell viability and reduced the reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels. Meanwhile, FCPS effectively improved liver-related insulin resistance by promoting glucose consumption in hepatocytes and activated the immune response through activation of murine bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (DCs) and upregulation of interleukin 6 (IL6) and interleukin 12 (IL-12) expression. The findings demonstrate the efficacy of the UAE technique in isolating FCPS with biological functionality and FCPS could potentially serve as a beneficial organic antioxidant source and functional food, carrying important implications for future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weilan Wang
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Genetic Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China
| | - Xiaoying Liu
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Genetic Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China
| | - Lixue Wang
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Genetic Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China
| | - Guirong Song
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Genetic Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China
| | - Wei Jiang
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Genetic Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China
| | - Lihong Mu
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Genetic Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China
| | - Jinyao Li
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Genetic Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China.
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14
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Soares CLR, Wilairatana P, Silva LR, Moreira PS, Vilar Barbosa NMM, da Silva PR, Coutinho HDM, de Menezes IRA, Felipe CFB. Biochemical aspects of the inflammatory process: A narrative review. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 168:115764. [PMID: 37897973 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammation is a protective response of the body potentially caused by microbial, viral, or fungal infections, tissue damage, or even autoimmune reactions. The cardinal signs of inflammation are consequences of immunological, biochemical, and physiological changes that trigger the release of pro-inflammatory chemical mediators at the local of the injured site thus, increasing blood flow, vascular permeability, and leukocyte recruitment. The aim of this study is to give an overview of the inflammatory process, focusing on chemical mediators. The literature review was based on a search of journals published between the years 2009 and 2023, regarding the role of major chemical mediators in the inflammatory process and current studies in pathogenesis, diagnosis, and therapy. Some of the recent contributions in the study of inflammatory pathologies and their mediators, including cytokines and chemokines, the kinin system, free radicals, nitric oxide, histamine, cell adhesion molecules, leukotrienes, prostaglandins and the complement system and their role in human health and chronic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Leal Rodrigues Soares
- Departamento de Biologia Molecular - DBM. Universidade Federal da Paraíba - UFPB, Campus I - Jardim Cidade Universitária, CEP 58059-900 João Pessoa, Brazil
| | - Polrat Wilairatana
- Department of Clinical Tropical Medicine, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand.
| | - Larissa Rodrigues Silva
- Departamento de Biologia Molecular - DBM. Universidade Federal da Paraíba - UFPB, Campus I - Jardim Cidade Universitária, CEP 58059-900 João Pessoa, Brazil
| | - Polyanna Silva Moreira
- Departamento de Biologia Molecular - DBM. Universidade Federal da Paraíba - UFPB, Campus I - Jardim Cidade Universitária, CEP 58059-900 João Pessoa, Brazil
| | - Nayana Maria Medeiros Vilar Barbosa
- Departamento de Biologia Molecular - DBM. Universidade Federal da Paraíba - UFPB, Campus I - Jardim Cidade Universitária, CEP 58059-900 João Pessoa, Brazil
| | - Pablo Rayff da Silva
- Departamento de Biologia Molecular - DBM. Universidade Federal da Paraíba - UFPB, Campus I - Jardim Cidade Universitária, CEP 58059-900 João Pessoa, Brazil
| | - Henrique Douglas Melo Coutinho
- Laboratório de Microbiologia e Biologia Molecular - LMBM. Universidade Regional do Cariri - URCA, Rua Cel Antônio Luiz, 1161, Oimenta, CEP 63105-000 Crato, Brazil.
| | - Irwin Rose Alencar de Menezes
- Laboratório de Farmacologia e Química Molecular - LFQM. Universidade Regional do Cariri - URCA, Rua Cel Antônio Luiz, 1161, Pimenta, CEP 63105-000 Crato, Brazil
| | - Cícero Francisco Bezerra Felipe
- Departamento de Biologia Molecular - DBM. Universidade Federal da Paraíba - UFPB, Campus I - Jardim Cidade Universitária, CEP 58059-900 João Pessoa, Brazil.
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15
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Zhang W, Chen SJ, Guo LY, Zhang Z, Zhang JB, Wang XM, Meng XB, Zhang MY, Zhang KK, Chen LL, Li YW, Wen Y, Wang L, Hu JH, Bai YY, Zhang XJ. Nitric oxide synthase and its function in animal reproduction: an update. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1288669. [PMID: 38028794 PMCID: PMC10662090 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1288669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO), a free radical labile gas, is involved in the regulation of various biological functions and physiological processes during animal reproduction. Recently, increasing evidence suggests that the biological role and chemical fate of NO is dependent on dynamic regulation of its biosynthetic enzyme, three distinct nitric oxide synthase (NOS) according to their structure, location and function. The impact of NOS isoforms on reproductive functions need to be timely elucidated. Here, we focus on and the basic background and latest studies on the development, structure, importance inhibitor, location pattern, complex functions. Moreover, we summarize the exactly mechanisms which involved some cell signal pathways in the regulation of NOS with cellular and molecular level in the animal reproduction. Therefore, this growing research area provides the new insight into the important role of NOS male and female reproduction system. It also provides the treatment evidence on targeting NOS of reproductive regulation and diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhang
- College of Animal Science, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Su juan Chen
- Department of Life Science and Technology, Xinxiang Medical College, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Li ya Guo
- College of Animal Science, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Zijing Zhang
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Jia bin Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin Agriculture University, Changchun, China
| | - Xiao meng Wang
- College of Animal Science, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Xiang bo Meng
- College of Animal Science, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Min ying Zhang
- College of Animal Science, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Ke ke Zhang
- College of Animal Science, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Lin lin Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin Agriculture University, Changchun, China
| | - Yi wei Li
- College of Animal Science, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Yuliang Wen
- College of Animal Science, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Lei Wang
- College of Animal Science, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Jian he Hu
- College of Animal Science, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Yue yu Bai
- Animal Health Supervision in Henan Province, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Xiao jian Zhang
- College of Animal Science, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, Henan, China
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16
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Sindhu R, Supreeth M, Prasad SK, Thanmaya M. Shuttle between arginine and lysine: influence on cancer immunonutrition. Amino Acids 2023; 55:1461-1473. [PMID: 37728630 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-023-03327-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
Amino acids which are essential nutrients for all cell types' survival are also recognised to serve as opportunistic/alternative fuels in cancers auxotrophic for specific amino acids. Accordingly, restriction of amino acids has been utilised as a therapeutic strategy in these cancers. Contrastingly, amino acid deficiencies in cancer are found to greatly impair immune functions, increasing mortality and morbidity rates. Dietary and supplemental amino acids in such conditions have revealed their importance as 'immunonutrients' by modulating cellular homeostasis processes and halting malignant progression. L-arginine specifically has attracted interest as an immunonutrient by acting as a nodal regulator of immune responses linked to carcinogenesis processes through its versatile signalling molecule, nitric oxide (NO). The quantum of NO generated directly influences the cytotoxic and cytostatic processes of cell cycle arrest, apoptosis, and senescence. However, L-lysine, a CAT transporter competitor for arginine effectively limits arginine input at high L-lysine concentrations by limiting arginine-mediated effects. The phenomenon of arginine-lysine antagonism can, therefore, be hypothesised to influence the immunonutritional effects exerted by arginine. The review highlights aspects of lysine's interference with arginine-mediated NO generation and its consequences on immunonutritional and anti-cancer effects, and discusses possible alternatives to manage the condition. However, further research that considers monitoring lysine levels in arginine immunonutritional therapy is essential to conclude the hypothesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Sindhu
- Department of Microbiology, JSS-Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru, 570015, Karnataka, India.
| | - M Supreeth
- Department of Microbiology, JSS-Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru, 570015, Karnataka, India
| | - Shashanka K Prasad
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, JSS-Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru, 570015, Karnataka, India
| | - M Thanmaya
- Department of Microbiology, JSS-Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru, 570015, Karnataka, India
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17
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Roy R, Wilcox J, Webb AJ, O’Gallagher K. Dysfunctional and Dysregulated Nitric Oxide Synthases in Cardiovascular Disease: Mechanisms and Therapeutic Potential. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15200. [PMID: 37894881 PMCID: PMC10607291 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242015200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) plays an important and diverse signalling role in the cardiovascular system, contributing to the regulation of vascular tone, endothelial function, myocardial function, haemostasis, and thrombosis, amongst many other roles. NO is synthesised through the nitric oxide synthase (NOS)-dependent L-arginine-NO pathway, as well as the nitrate-nitrite-NO pathway. The three isoforms of NOS, namely neuronal (NOS1), inducible (NOS2), and endothelial (NOS3), have different localisation and functions in the human body, and are consequently thought to have differing pathophysiological roles. Furthermore, as we continue to develop a deepened understanding of the different roles of NOS isoforms in disease, the possibility of therapeutically modulating NOS activity has emerged. Indeed, impaired (or dysfunctional), as well as overactive (or dysregulated) NOS activity are attractive therapeutic targets in cardiovascular disease. This review aims to describe recent advances in elucidating the physiological role of NOS isoforms within the cardiovascular system, as well as mechanisms of dysfunctional and dysregulated NOS in cardiovascular disease. We then discuss the modulation of NO and NOS activity as a target in the development of novel cardiovascular therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roman Roy
- Cardiovascular Department, King’s College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London SE5 9RS, UK;
| | - Joshua Wilcox
- Cardiovascular Department, Guy’s and St. Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, London SE1 7EH, UK;
| | - Andrew J. Webb
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, British Heart Foundation Centre, School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine and Sciences, King’s College London, London SE1 7EH, UK;
| | - Kevin O’Gallagher
- Cardiovascular Department, King’s College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London SE5 9RS, UK;
- British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine & Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King’s College London, London SE5 9NU, UK
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18
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Khaledi F, Dehkordi HT, Zarean E, Shahrani M, Amini-Khoei H. Possible role of NO/NMDA pathway in the autistic-like behaviors induced by maternal separation stress in mice. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0292631. [PMID: 37815997 PMCID: PMC10564128 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0292631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a complex neurodevelopmental disorder. Maternal separation (MS) stress is an established model of early-life stress associated with autistic-like behaviors. Altered glutamatergic and nitrergic neurotransmissions may contribute to the pathophysiology of ASD. However, the specific mechanisms underlying these alterations and their relationship to MS-induced autistic-like behaviors remain unclear. Addressing this knowledge gap, this study aims to elucidate the involvement of the nitric oxide (NO)/ N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) pathway in MS-induced autistic-like behaviors in mice. This knowledge has the potential to guide future research, potentially leading to the development of targeted interventions or treatments aimed at modulating the NO/NMDA pathway to ameliorate ASD symptoms. Ninety male Naval Medical Research Institute (NMRI) mice were assigned to six groups (n = 15) comprising a control group (treated with saline) and five groups subjected to MS and treated with saline, ketamine, NMDA, L-NAME, and L-arginine. Behavioral tests were conducted, including the three-chamber test, shuttle box, elevated plus-maze, and marble burying test. Gene expression of iNOS, nNOS, and NMDA-R subunits (NR2A and NR2B), along with nitrite levels, was evaluated in the hippocampus. The findings demonstrated that MS induced autistic-like behaviors, accompanied by increased gene expression of iNOS, nNOS, NR2B, NR2A, and elevated nitrite levels in the hippocampus. Modulation of the NO/NMDA pathway with activators and inhibitors altered the effects of MS. These results suggest that the NO/NMDA pathway plays a role in mediating the negative effects of MS and potentially contributes to the development of autistic-like behaviors in maternally separated mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Khaledi
- Medical Plants Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Hossein Tahmasebi Dehkordi
- Medical Plants Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Elham Zarean
- Medical Plants Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Mehrdad Shahrani
- Medical Plants Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Hossein Amini-Khoei
- Medical Plants Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
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19
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da Silva PR, Apolinário NDM, da Silva SÂS, Araruna MEC, Costa TB, e Silva YMSDM, da Silva TG, de Moura RO, dos Santos VL. Anti-Inflammatory Activity of N'-(3-(1H-indol-3-yl)benzylidene)-2-cyanoacetohydrazide Derivative via sGC-NO/Cytokine Pathway. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:1415. [PMID: 37895886 PMCID: PMC10610422 DOI: 10.3390/ph16101415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The N-acylhydrazone function has been reported as a pharmacophore group of molecules with diverse pharmacological activities, including anti-inflammatory effects. Therefore, this study was designed to evaluate the anti-inflammatory potential of the compound N'-(3-(1H-indol-3-yl)benzylidene)-2-cyanoacetohydrazide (JR19) in vivo. The study started with the carrageenan-induced peritonitis model, followed by an investigation of leukocyte migration using the subcutaneous air pouch test and an assessment of the antinociceptive profile using formalin-induced pain. A preliminary molecular docking study focusing on the crystallographic structures of NFκB, iNOS, and sGC was performed to determine the likely mechanism of action. The computational study revealed satisfactory interaction energies with the selected targets, and the same peritonitis model was used to validate the involvement of the nitric oxide pathway and cytokine expression in the peritoneal exudate of mice pretreated with L-NAME or methylene blue. In the peritonitis assay, JR19 (10 and 20 mg/kg) reduced leukocyte migration by 59% and 52%, respectively, compared to the vehicle group, with the 10 mg/kg dose used in subsequent assays. In the subcutaneous air pouch assay, the reduction in cell migration was 66%, and the response to intraplantar formalin was reduced by 39%, particularly during the inflammatory phase, suggesting that the compound lacks central analgesic activity. In addition, a reversal of the anti-inflammatory effect was observed in mice pretreated with L-NAME or methylene blue, indicating the involvement of iNOS and sGC in the anti-inflammatory response of JR19. The compound effectively and significantly decreased the levels of IL-6, TNF-α, IL-17, and IFN-γ, and this effect was reversed in animals pretreated with L-NAME, supporting a NO-dependent anti-inflammatory effect. In contrast, pretreatment with methylene blue only reversed the reduction in TNF-α levels. Therefore, these results demonstrate the pharmacological potential of the novel N-acylhydrazone derivative, which acts through the nitric oxide pathway and cytokine signaling, making it a strong candidate as an anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Rayff da Silva
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Estadual da Paraíba, Campina Grande 58429-500, PB, Brazil; (P.R.d.S.); (N.d.M.A.); (S.Â.S.d.S.); (M.E.C.A.); (T.B.C.); (Y.M.S.d.M.e.S.); (V.L.d.S.)
- Laboratório de Ensaios Farmacológicos, Departamento de Farmácia, Universidade Estadual da Paraíba, Campina Grande 58429-500, PB, Brazil
- Laboratório de Desenvolvimento e Síntese de Fármacos, Departamento de Farmácia, Universidade Estadual da Paraíba, Campina Grande 58429-500, PB, Brazil
| | - Nadjaele de Melo Apolinário
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Estadual da Paraíba, Campina Grande 58429-500, PB, Brazil; (P.R.d.S.); (N.d.M.A.); (S.Â.S.d.S.); (M.E.C.A.); (T.B.C.); (Y.M.S.d.M.e.S.); (V.L.d.S.)
- Laboratório de Ensaios Farmacológicos, Departamento de Farmácia, Universidade Estadual da Paraíba, Campina Grande 58429-500, PB, Brazil
| | - Simone Ângela Soares da Silva
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Estadual da Paraíba, Campina Grande 58429-500, PB, Brazil; (P.R.d.S.); (N.d.M.A.); (S.Â.S.d.S.); (M.E.C.A.); (T.B.C.); (Y.M.S.d.M.e.S.); (V.L.d.S.)
- Laboratório de Ensaios Farmacológicos, Departamento de Farmácia, Universidade Estadual da Paraíba, Campina Grande 58429-500, PB, Brazil
| | - Maria Elaine Cristina Araruna
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Estadual da Paraíba, Campina Grande 58429-500, PB, Brazil; (P.R.d.S.); (N.d.M.A.); (S.Â.S.d.S.); (M.E.C.A.); (T.B.C.); (Y.M.S.d.M.e.S.); (V.L.d.S.)
- Laboratório de Ensaios Farmacológicos, Departamento de Farmácia, Universidade Estadual da Paraíba, Campina Grande 58429-500, PB, Brazil
| | - Thássia Borges Costa
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Estadual da Paraíba, Campina Grande 58429-500, PB, Brazil; (P.R.d.S.); (N.d.M.A.); (S.Â.S.d.S.); (M.E.C.A.); (T.B.C.); (Y.M.S.d.M.e.S.); (V.L.d.S.)
- Laboratório de Ensaios Farmacológicos, Departamento de Farmácia, Universidade Estadual da Paraíba, Campina Grande 58429-500, PB, Brazil
| | - Yvnni M. S. de Medeiros e Silva
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Estadual da Paraíba, Campina Grande 58429-500, PB, Brazil; (P.R.d.S.); (N.d.M.A.); (S.Â.S.d.S.); (M.E.C.A.); (T.B.C.); (Y.M.S.d.M.e.S.); (V.L.d.S.)
- Laboratório de Desenvolvimento e Síntese de Fármacos, Departamento de Farmácia, Universidade Estadual da Paraíba, Campina Grande 58429-500, PB, Brazil
| | - Teresinha Gonçalves da Silva
- Departamento de Antibióticos, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife 50740-520, PE, Brazil;
| | - Ricardo Olímpio de Moura
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Estadual da Paraíba, Campina Grande 58429-500, PB, Brazil; (P.R.d.S.); (N.d.M.A.); (S.Â.S.d.S.); (M.E.C.A.); (T.B.C.); (Y.M.S.d.M.e.S.); (V.L.d.S.)
- Laboratório de Desenvolvimento e Síntese de Fármacos, Departamento de Farmácia, Universidade Estadual da Paraíba, Campina Grande 58429-500, PB, Brazil
| | - Vanda Lucia dos Santos
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Estadual da Paraíba, Campina Grande 58429-500, PB, Brazil; (P.R.d.S.); (N.d.M.A.); (S.Â.S.d.S.); (M.E.C.A.); (T.B.C.); (Y.M.S.d.M.e.S.); (V.L.d.S.)
- Laboratório de Ensaios Farmacológicos, Departamento de Farmácia, Universidade Estadual da Paraíba, Campina Grande 58429-500, PB, Brazil
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Sidhic J, George S, Alfarhan A, Rajagopal R, Olatunji OJ, Narayanankutty A. Phytochemical Composition and Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Activities of Humboldtia sanjappae Sasidh. & Sujanapal, an Endemic Medicinal Plant to the Western Ghats. Molecules 2023; 28:6875. [PMID: 37836717 PMCID: PMC10574196 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28196875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Ethnomedicinal plants are important sources of drug candidates, and many of these plants, especially in the Western Ghats, are underexplored. Humboldtia, a genus within the Fabaceae family, thrives in the biodiversity of the Western Ghats, Kerala, India, and holds significant ethnobotanical importance. However, many Humboldtia species remain understudied in terms of their biological efficacy, while some lack scientific validation for their traditional uses. However, Humboldtia sanjappae, an underexplored plant, was investigated for the phytochemical composition of the plant, and its antioxidant, enzyme-inhibitory, anti-inflammatory, and antibacterial activities were assessed. The LC-MS analysis indicated the presence of several bioactive substances, such as Naringenin, Luteolin, and Pomiferin. The results revealed that the ethanol extract of H. sanjappae exhibited significant in vitro DPPH scavenging activity (6.53 ± 1.49 µg/mL). Additionally, it demonstrated noteworthy FRAP (Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power) activity (8.46 ± 1.38 µg/mL). Moreover, the ethanol extract of H. sanjappae exhibited notable efficacy in inhibiting the activities of α-amylase (47.60 ± 0.19µg/mL) and β-glucosidase (32.09 ± 0.54 µg/mL). The pre-treatment with the extract decreased the LPS-stimulated release of cytokines in the Raw 264.7 macrophages, demonstrating the anti-inflammatory potential. Further, the antibacterial properties were also evident in both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. The observed high zone of inhibition in the disc diffusion assay and MIC values were also promising. H. sanjappae displays significant anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antidiabetic, and antibacterial properties, likely attributable to its rich composition of various biological compounds such as Naringenin, Luteolin, Epicatechin, Maritemin, and Pomiferin. Serving as a promising reservoir of these beneficial molecules, the potential of H. sanjappae as a valuable source for bioactive ingredients within the realms of nutraceutical and pharmaceutical industries is underscored, showcasing its potential for diverse applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jameema Sidhic
- Phytochemistry and Pharmacology Division, PG & Research Department of Botany, St. Joseph’s College (Autonomous), Calicut 673008, India
| | - Satheesh George
- Phytochemistry and Pharmacology Division, PG & Research Department of Botany, St. Joseph’s College (Autonomous), Calicut 673008, India
| | - Ahmed Alfarhan
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (A.A.); (R.R.)
| | - Rajakrishnan Rajagopal
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (A.A.); (R.R.)
| | | | - Arunaksharan Narayanankutty
- Division of Cell and Molecular Biology, PG & Research Department of Zoology, St. Joseph’s College (Autonomous), Calicut 673008, India
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21
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Padovan JC, Dourado TMH, Pimenta GF, Bruder-Nascimento T, Tirapelli CR. Reactive Oxygen Species Are Central Mediators of Vascular Dysfunction and Hypertension Induced by Ethanol Consumption. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1813. [PMID: 37891892 PMCID: PMC10604002 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12101813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Consumption of high amounts of ethanol is a risk factor for development of cardiovascular diseases such as arterial hypertension. The hypertensive state induced by ethanol is a complex multi-factorial event, and oxidative stress is a pathophysiological hallmark of vascular dysfunction associated with ethanol consumption. Increasing levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the vasculature trigger important processes underlying vascular injury, including accumulation of intracellular Ca2+ ions, reduced bioavailability of nitric oxide (NO), activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs), endothelial dysfunction, and loss of the anticontractile effect of perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT). The enzyme nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase plays a central role in vascular ROS generation in response to ethanol. Activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) is an upstream mechanism which contributes to NADPH oxidase stimulation, overproduction of ROS, and vascular dysfunction. This review discusses the mechanisms of vascular dysfunction induced by ethanol, detailing the contribution of ROS to these processes. Data examining the association between neuroendocrine changes and vascular oxidative stress induced by ethanol are also reviewed and discussed. These issues are of paramount interest to public health as ethanol contributes to blood pressure elevation in the general population, and it is linked to cardiovascular conditions and diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Júlio C. Padovan
- Laboratory of Blood and Vascular Biology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA;
| | - Thales M. H. Dourado
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Farmacologia, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto 14040-902, SP, Brazil; (T.M.H.D.); (G.F.P.)
- Departamento de Enfermagem Psiquiátrica e Ciências Humanas, Laboratório de Farmacologia, Escola de Enfermagem de Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14040-902, SP, Brazil
| | - Gustavo F. Pimenta
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Farmacologia, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto 14040-902, SP, Brazil; (T.M.H.D.); (G.F.P.)
- Departamento de Enfermagem Psiquiátrica e Ciências Humanas, Laboratório de Farmacologia, Escola de Enfermagem de Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14040-902, SP, Brazil
| | - Thiago Bruder-Nascimento
- Department of Pediatrics and Vascular Medicine Institute (VMI), University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA;
| | - Carlos R. Tirapelli
- Departamento de Enfermagem Psiquiátrica e Ciências Humanas, Laboratório de Farmacologia, Escola de Enfermagem de Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14040-902, SP, Brazil
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Song HY, Deng ML, Yang JF, Ma J, Shu FF, Cheng WJ, Zhu XQ, Zou FC, He JJ. Transcriptomic, 16S ribosomal ribonucleic acid and network pharmacology analyses shed light on the anticoccidial mechanism of green tea polyphenols against Eimeria tenella infection in Wuliangshan black-boned chickens. Parasit Vectors 2023; 16:330. [PMID: 37726789 PMCID: PMC10510215 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-023-05922-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Eimeria tenella is an obligate intracellular parasitic protozoan that invades the chicken cecum and causes coccidiosis, which induces acute lesions and weight loss. Elucidating the anticoccidial mechanism of action of green tea polyphenols could aid the development of anticoccidial drugs and resolve the problem of drug resistance in E. tenella. METHODS We constructed a model of E. tenella infection in Wuliangshan black-boned chickens, an indigenous breed of Yunnan Province, China, to study the efficacy of green tea polyphenols against the infection. Alterations in gene expression and in the microbial flora in the cecum were analyzed by ribonucleic acid (RNA) sequencing and 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) sequencing. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction was used to verify the host gene expression data obtained by RNA sequencing. Network pharmacology and molecular docking were used to clarify the interactions between the component green tea polyphenols and the targeted proteins; potential anticoccidial herbs were also analyzed. RESULTS Treatment with the green tea polyphenols led to a reduction in the lesion score and weight loss of the chickens induced by E. tenella infection. The expression of matrix metalloproteinase 7 (MMP7), MMP1, nitric oxide synthase 2 and ephrin type-A receptor 2 was significantly altered in the E. tenella infection plus green tea polyphenol-treated group and in the E. tenella infection group compared with the control group; these genes were also predicted targets of tea polyphenols. Furthermore, the tea polyphenol (-)-epigallocatechin gallate acted on most of the targets, and the molecular docking analysis showed that it has good affinity with interferon induced with helicase C domain 1 protein. 16S ribosomal RNA sequencing showed that the green tea polyphenols had a regulatory effect on changes in the fecal microbiota induced by E. tenella infection. In total, 171 herbs were predicted to act on two or three targets in MMP7, MMP1, nitric oxide synthase 2 and ephrin type-A receptor 2. CONCLUSIONS Green tea polyphenols can directly or indirectly regulate host gene expression and alter the growth of microbiota. The results presented here shed light on the mechanism of action of green tea polyphenols against E. tenella infection in chickens, and have implications for the development of novel anticoccidial products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Yang Song
- Faculty of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, Yunnan, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health of Yunnan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, Yunnan, People's Republic of China
| | - Meng-Ling Deng
- Faculty of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, Yunnan, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health of Yunnan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, Yunnan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian-Fa Yang
- Faculty of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, Yunnan, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health of Yunnan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, Yunnan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Ma
- Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health of Yunnan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, Yunnan, People's Republic of China
| | - Fan-Fan Shu
- Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health of Yunnan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, Yunnan, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen-Jie Cheng
- Faculty of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, Yunnan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xing-Quan Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health of Yunnan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, Yunnan, People's Republic of China
- Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, 030801, Shanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng-Cai Zou
- Faculty of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, Yunnan, People's Republic of China.
- Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health of Yunnan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, Yunnan, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jun-Jun He
- Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health of Yunnan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, Yunnan, People's Republic of China.
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23
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Oza PP, Kashfi K. The Triple Crown: NO, CO, and H 2S in cancer cell biology. Pharmacol Ther 2023; 249:108502. [PMID: 37517510 PMCID: PMC10529678 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2023.108502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 07/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO), carbon monoxide (CO), and hydrogen sulfide (H2S) are three endogenously produced gases with important functions in the vasculature, immune defense, and inflammation. It is increasingly apparent that, far from working in isolation, these three exert many effects by modulating each other's activity. Each gas is produced by three enzymes, which have some tissue specificities and can also be non-enzymatically produced by redox reactions of various substrates. Both NO and CO share similar properties, such as activating soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC) to increase cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) levels. At the same time, H2S both inhibits phosphodiesterase 5A (PDE5A), an enzyme that metabolizes sGC and exerts redox regulation on sGC. The role of NO, CO, and H2S in the setting of cancer has been quite perplexing, as there is evidence for both tumor-promoting and pro-inflammatory effects and anti-tumor and anti-inflammatory activities. Each gasotransmitter has been found to have dual effects on different aspects of cancer biology, including cancer cell proliferation and apoptosis, invasion and metastasis, angiogenesis, and immunomodulation. These seemingly contradictory actions may relate to each gas having a dual effect dependent on its local flux. In this review, we discuss the major roles of NO, CO, and H2S in the context of cancer, with an effort to highlight the dual nature of each gas in different events occurring during cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Palak P Oza
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, Sophie Davis School of Biomedical Education, City University of New York School of Medicine, New York, NY 10031, USA
| | - Khosrow Kashfi
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, Sophie Davis School of Biomedical Education, City University of New York School of Medicine, New York, NY 10031, USA; Graduate Program in Biology, City University of New York Graduate Center, New York 10091, USA.
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24
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Logue MW, Dasgupta S, Farrer LA. Genetics of Alzheimer's Disease in the African American Population. J Clin Med 2023; 12:5189. [PMID: 37629231 PMCID: PMC10455208 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12165189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Black/African American (AA) individuals have a higher risk of Alzheimer's disease (AD) than White non-Hispanic persons of European ancestry (EUR) for reasons that may include economic disparities, cardiovascular health, quality of education, and biases in the methods used to diagnose AD. AD is also heritable, and some of the differences in risk may be due to genetics. Many AD-associated variants have been identified by candidate gene studies, genome-wide association studies (GWAS), and genome-sequencing studies. However, most of these studies have been performed using EUR cohorts. In this paper, we review the genetics of AD and AD-related traits in AA individuals. Importantly, studies of genetic risk factors in AA cohorts can elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying AD risk in AA and other populations. In fact, such studies are essential to enable reliable precision medicine approaches in persons with considerable African ancestry. Furthermore, genetic studies of AA cohorts allow exploration of the ways the impact of genes can vary by ancestry, culture, and economic and environmental disparities. They have yielded important gains in our knowledge of AD genetics, and increasing AA individual representation within genetic studies should remain a priority for inclusive genetic study design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark W. Logue
- National Center for PTSD, Behavioral Sciences Division, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA 02130, USA;
- Department of Psychiatry, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
- Department of Medicine (Biomedical Genetics), Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA;
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Shoumita Dasgupta
- Department of Medicine (Biomedical Genetics), Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA;
- Department of Medical Sciences and Education, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Lindsay A. Farrer
- Department of Medicine (Biomedical Genetics), Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA;
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02118, USA
- Department of Neurology, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02118, USA
- Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
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25
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Foteva V, Fisher JJ, Qiao Y, Smith R. Does the Micronutrient Molybdenum Have a Role in Gestational Complications and Placental Health? Nutrients 2023; 15:3348. [PMID: 37571285 PMCID: PMC10421405 DOI: 10.3390/nu15153348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Molybdenum is an essential trace element for human health and survival, with molybdenum-containing enzymes catalysing multiple reactions in the metabolism of purines, aldehydes, and sulfur-containing amino acids. Recommended daily intakes vary globally, with molybdenum primarily sourced through the diet, and supplementation is not common. Although the benefits of molybdenum as an anti-diabetic and antioxidant inducer have been reported in the literature, there are conflicting data on the benefits of molybdenum for chronic diseases. Overexposure and deficiency can result in adverse health outcomes and mortality, although physiological doses remain largely unexplored in relation to human health. The lack of knowledge surrounding molybdenum intake and the role it plays in physiology is compounded during pregnancy. As pregnancy progresses, micronutrient demand increases, and diet is an established factor in programming gestational outcomes and maternal health. This review summarises the current literature concerning varied recommendations on molybdenum intake, the role of molybdenum and molybdoenzymes in physiology, and the contribution these play in gestational outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladimira Foteva
- Mothers and Babies Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, NSW 2305, Australia; (J.J.F.); (R.S.)
- School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW 2308, Australia
| | - Joshua J. Fisher
- Mothers and Babies Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, NSW 2305, Australia; (J.J.F.); (R.S.)
- School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW 2308, Australia
| | - Yixue Qiao
- Academy of Pharmacy, Xi’an Jiaotong Liverpool University, Suzhou 215000, China;
| | - Roger Smith
- Mothers and Babies Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, NSW 2305, Australia; (J.J.F.); (R.S.)
- School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW 2308, Australia
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Socha MW, Flis W, Wartęga M, Szambelan M, Pietrus M, Kazdepka-Ziemińska A. Raspberry Leaves and Extracts-Molecular Mechanism of Action and Its Effectiveness on Human Cervical Ripening and the Induction of Labor. Nutrients 2023; 15:3206. [PMID: 37513625 PMCID: PMC10383074 DOI: 10.3390/nu15143206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2023] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The gestational period is an incredibly stressful time for a pregnant woman. Pregnant patients constantly seek effective and reliable compounds in order to achieve a healthy labor. Nowadays, increasing numbers of women use herbal preparations and supplements during pregnancy. One of the most popular and most frequently chosen herbs during pregnancy is the raspberry leaf (Rubus idaeus). Raspberry extracts are allegedly associated with a positive effect on childbirth through the induction of uterine contractions, acceleration of the cervical ripening, and shortening of childbirth. The history of the consumption of raspberry leaves throughout pregnancy is vast. This review shows the current status of the use of raspberry leaves in pregnancy, emphasizing the effect on the cervix, and the safety profile of this herb. The majority of women apply raspberry leaves during pregnancy to induce and ease labor. However, it has not been possible to determine the exact effect of using raspberry extracts on the course of childbirth and the perinatal period. Additionally, it is unclear whether this herb has only positive effects. The currently available data indicate a weak effect of raspberry leaf extracts on labor induction and, at the same time, their possible negative impact on cervical ripening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maciej W Socha
- Department of Perinatology, Gynecology and Gynecologic Oncology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Łukasiewicza 1, 85-821 Bydgoszcz, Poland
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, St. Adalbert's Hospital in Gdańsk, Copernicus Healthcare Entity, Jana Pawła II 50, 80-462 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Wojciech Flis
- Department of Perinatology, Gynecology and Gynecologic Oncology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Łukasiewicza 1, 85-821 Bydgoszcz, Poland
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, St. Adalbert's Hospital in Gdańsk, Copernicus Healthcare Entity, Jana Pawła II 50, 80-462 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Mateusz Wartęga
- Department of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University, M. Curie-Skłodowskiej 9, 85-094 Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Monika Szambelan
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University, M. Curie-Skłodowskiej 9, 85-094 Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Miłosz Pietrus
- Department of Gynecology and Oncology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 31-501 Kraków, Poland
| | - Anita Kazdepka-Ziemińska
- Department of Perinatology, Gynecology and Gynecologic Oncology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Łukasiewicza 1, 85-821 Bydgoszcz, Poland
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27
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Mauchauffée E, Leroy J, Chamcham J, Ejjoummany A, Maurel M, Nauton L, Ramassamy B, Mezghenna K, Boucher JL, Lajoix AD, Hernandez JF. S-Ethyl-Isothiocitrullin-Based Dipeptides and 1,2,4-Oxadiazole Pseudo-Dipeptides: Solid Phase Synthesis and Evaluation as NO Synthase Inhibitors. Molecules 2023; 28:5085. [PMID: 37446746 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28135085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Revised: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
We previously reported dipeptidomimetic compounds as inhibitors of neuronal and/or inducible NO synthases (n/iNOS) with significant selectivity against endothelial NOS (eNOS). They were composed of an S-ethylisothiocitrullin-like moiety linked to an extension through a peptide bond or a 1,2,4-oxadiazole link. Here, we developed two further series where the extension size was increased to establish more favorable interactions in the NOS substrate access channel. The extension was introduced on the solid phase by the reductive alkylation of an amino-piperidine moiety or an aminoethyl segment in the case of dipeptide-like and 1,2,4-oxadiazole compounds, respectively, with various benzaldehydes. Compared to the previous series, more potent inhibitors were identified with IC50 in the micromolar to the submicromolar range, with significant selectivity toward nNOS. As expected, most compounds did not inhibit eNOS, and molecular modeling was carried out to characterize the reasons for the selectivity toward nNOS over eNOS. Spectral studies showed that compounds were interacting at the heme active site. Finally, selected inhibitors were found to inhibit intra-cellular iNOS and nNOS expressed in RAW264.7 and INS-1 cells, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elodie Mauchauffée
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron, CNRS, Univ. Montpellier, ENSCM, Pôle Chimie Balard, 34293 Montpellier, France
| | - Jérémy Leroy
- Centre Biocommunication en Cardio-Métabolique, Univ. Montpellier, UFR Pharmacie, 34093 Montpellier, France
| | - Jihanne Chamcham
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron, CNRS, Univ. Montpellier, ENSCM, Pôle Chimie Balard, 34293 Montpellier, France
| | - Abdelaziz Ejjoummany
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron, CNRS, Univ. Montpellier, ENSCM, Pôle Chimie Balard, 34293 Montpellier, France
| | - Manon Maurel
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron, CNRS, Univ. Montpellier, ENSCM, Pôle Chimie Balard, 34293 Montpellier, France
| | - Lionel Nauton
- Institut de Chimie de Clermont-Ferrand, Université Clermont-Auvergne, CNRS, 63178 Aubière, France
| | - Booma Ramassamy
- Laboratoire de Chimie et Biochimie Pharmacologiques et Toxicologiques, UMR 8601, CNRS, Université Paris Descartes, CEDEX 06, 75270 Paris, France
| | - Karima Mezghenna
- Centre Biocommunication en Cardio-Métabolique, Univ. Montpellier, UFR Pharmacie, 34093 Montpellier, France
| | - Jean-Luc Boucher
- Laboratoire de Chimie et Biochimie Pharmacologiques et Toxicologiques, UMR 8601, CNRS, Université Paris Descartes, CEDEX 06, 75270 Paris, France
| | - Anne-Dominique Lajoix
- Centre Biocommunication en Cardio-Métabolique, Univ. Montpellier, UFR Pharmacie, 34093 Montpellier, France
| | - Jean-François Hernandez
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron, CNRS, Univ. Montpellier, ENSCM, Pôle Chimie Balard, 34293 Montpellier, France
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Huang JB, Chen ZR, Yang SL, Hong FF. Nitric Oxide Synthases in Rheumatoid Arthritis. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28114414. [PMID: 37298893 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28114414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease characterized by severe joint damage and disability. However, the specific mechanism of RA has not been thoroughly clarified over the past decade. Nitric oxide (NO), a kind of gas messenger molecule with many molecular targets, is demonstrated to have significant roles in histopathology and homeostasis. Three nitric oxide synthases (NOS) are related to producing NO and regulating the generation of NO. Based on the latest studies, NOS/NO signaling pathways play a key role in the pathogenesis of RA. Overproduction of NO can induce the generation and release of inflammatory cytokines and act as free radical gas to accumulate and trigger oxidative stress, which can involve in the pathogenesis of RA. Therefore, targeting NOS and its upstream and downstream signaling pathways may be an effective approach to managing RA. This review clearly summarizes the NOS/NO signaling pathway, the pathological changes of RA, the involvement of NOS/NO in RA pathogenesis and the conventional and novel drugs based on NOS/NO signaling pathways that are still in clinical trials and have good therapeutic potential in recent years, with an aim to provide a theoretical basis for further exploration of the role of NOS/NO in the pathogenesis, prevention and treatment of RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Bao Huang
- Experimental Center of Pathogen Biology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
- Queen Mary School, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Zhi-Ru Chen
- Experimental Center of Pathogen Biology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
- Queen Mary School, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Shu-Long Yang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fuzhou Medical College of Nanchang University, Fuzhou 344000, China
- Key Laboratory of Chronic Diseases, Fuzhou Medical University, Fuzhou 344000, China
- Technology Innovation Center of Chronic Disease Research in Fuzhou City, Fuzhou Science and Technology Bureau, Fuzhou 344000, China
| | - Fen-Fang Hong
- Experimental Center of Pathogen Biology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
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Popova NA, Soodaeva SK, Klimanov IA, Misharin VM, Temnov AA. Autoregulation and Autoinhibition of the Main NO Synthase Isoforms (Brief Review). Sovrem Tekhnologii Med 2023; 15:53-59. [PMID: 38435476 PMCID: PMC10904358 DOI: 10.17691/stm2023.15.3.06] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Nitric oxide (II) (NO) is the most important mediator of a wide range of physiological and pathophysiological processes. It is synthesized by NO synthases (NOSs), which have three main isoforms differing from each other in terms of activation and inhibition features, levels of NO production, subcellular localization, etc. At the same time, all isoforms are structurally very similar, and these differences are determined by NOS autoregulatory elements. The article presents an analysis of the autoregulatory and autoinhibitory mechanisms of the NOS reductase domain that determine differences in the productivity of isoforms, as well as their dependence on the concentration of Ca2+ ions. The main regulatory elements in NOS that modulate the electron transfer from flavin to heme include calmodulin (CaM), an autoinhibitory insert (AI), and the C-terminal tail (C-tail). Hydrophobic interactions of CaM with the surface of the NOS oxidase domain are assumed to facilitate electron transfer from flavin mononucleotide (FMN). CaM binding causes a change in the inter-domain distances, a shift of AI and the C-tail, and, as a result, a decrease in their inhibitory effect. CaM also shifts the conformational equilibrium of the reductase domain towards more open conformations, reduces the lifetime of conformations, their stereometric distribution, and accelerates the flow of electrons through the reductase domain. The AI element, apparently, induces a conformational change that hinders electron transfer within the reductase domain, similar to the hinge domain in cytochrome P450. Together with CaM, the C-tail regulates the electron flow between flavins, the distance and relative orientation of isoalloxane rings, and also modulates the electron flow from FMN to the terminal acceptor. Together with the C-tail, AI also predetermines the dependence of neuronal and endothelial forms of NOS on the concentration of Ca2+ ions, and the C-tail length affects differences in the productivity of NO synthesis. The inhibitory effect of the C-tail is likely to be reduced by CaM binding due to the C-tail shift due to the electrostatic repulsive forces of the negatively charged phosphate and aspartate residues. The autoregulatory elements of NOS require further study, since the mechanisms of their interaction are complex and multidirectional, and hence provide a wide range of characteristics of the observed isoforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- N A Popova
- Researcher, Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Biophysics; Pulmonology Research Institute, Federal Medical and Biological Agency of Russia, 28 Orekhovy Boulevard, Moscow, 115682, Russia; Researcher, Laboratory of Chemical and Biotechnological Synthesis; Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (National Research University), 9 Institutskiy Per., Dolgoprudny, Moscow Region, 141701, Russia
| | - S K Soodaeva
- Head of Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Biophysics; Pulmonology Research Institute, Federal Medical and Biological Agency of Russia, 28 Orekhovy Boulevard, Moscow, 115682, Russia; Leading Researcher, Laboratory of Chemical and Biotechnological Synthesis; Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (National Research University), 9 Institutskiy Per., Dolgoprudny, Moscow Region, 141701, Russia
| | - I A Klimanov
- Senior Researcher, Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Biophysics; Pulmonology Research Institute, Federal Medical and Biological Agency of Russia, 28 Orekhovy Boulevard, Moscow, 115682, Russia
| | - V M Misharin
- Acting Director of the Institute; Pulmonology Research Institute, Federal Medical and Biological Agency of Russia, 28 Orekhovy Boulevard, Moscow, 115682, Russia
| | - A A Temnov
- Head of Laboratory of Chemical and Biotechnological Synthesis; Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (National Research University), 9 Institutskiy Per., Dolgoprudny, Moscow Region, 141701, Russia
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Pérez de la Lastra JM, Curieses Andrés CM, Andrés Juan C, Plou FJ, Pérez-Lebeña E. Hydroxytyrosol and Arginine as Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory and Immunostimulant Dietary Supplements for COVID-19 and Long COVID. Foods 2023; 12:foods12101937. [PMID: 37238755 DOI: 10.3390/foods12101937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 05/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Phytochemicals from plant extracts are becoming increasingly popular in the world of food science and technology because they have positive effects on human health. In particular, several bioactive foods and dietary supplements are being investigated as potential treatments for chronic COVID. Hydroxytyrosol (HXT) is a natural antioxidant, found in olive oil, with antioxidant anti-inflammatory properties that has been consumed by humans for centuries without reported adverse effects. Its use was approved by the European Food Safety Authority as a protective agent for the cardiovascular system. Similarly, arginine is a natural amino acid with anti-inflammatory properties that can modulate the activity of immune cells, reducing the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-6 and TNF-α. The properties of both substances may be particularly beneficial in the context of COVID-19 and long COVID, which are characterised by inflammation and oxidative stress. While l-arginine promotes the formation of •NO, HXT prevents oxidative stress and inflammation in infected cells. This combination could prevent the formation of harmful peroxynitrite, a potent pro-inflammatory substance implicated in pneumonia and COVID-19-associated organ dysfunction, as well as reduce inflammation, improve immune function, protect against free radical damage and prevent blood vessel injury. Further research is needed to fully understand the potential benefits of HXT and arginine in the context of COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Manuel Pérez de la Lastra
- Institute of Natural Products and Agrobiology, CSIC-Spanish Research Council, Avda. Astrofísico Fco. Sánchez, 3, 38206 San Cristóbal de la Laguna, Spain
| | | | - Celia Andrés Juan
- Cinquima Institute and Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Valladolid University, Paseo de Belén, 7, 47011 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Francisco J Plou
- Institute of Catalysis and Petrochemistry, CSIC-Spanish Research Council, 28049 Madrid, Spain
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31
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Solovieva AO, Sitnikova NA, Nimaev VV, Koroleva EA, Manakhov AM. PRP of T2DM Patient Immobilized on PCL Nanofibers Stimulate Endothelial Cells Proliferation. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24098262. [PMID: 37175994 PMCID: PMC10179416 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24098262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic foot ulcers (DFU) are a common complication of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM). Development of bioactive wound healing covers is an important task in medicine. The use of autologous platelet-rich plasma (PRP) consisting of growth factors, cytokines and components of extracellular matrix is a perspective approach for DFU treatment, but we previously found that some T2DM PRP samples have a toxic effect on mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in vitro. Here, we covalently immobilized T2DM PRP proteins on polycaprolactone (PCL) nanofibers, and the growth of endothelial cells on the PCL-COOH-PRP was investigated. Additionally, the level of NO reflecting the cytotoxic effects of PRP, angiogenin, and VEGF levels were measured in T2DM PRP samples. The results showed that the application of PCL-COOH-PRP nanofibers allows to remove the cytotoxicity of T2DM PRP and to improve endothelial cell adhesion and proliferative activity. We showed that the origin of T2DM PRP (the level of PRP toxicity or presence/absence of DFU) does not influence the efficiency of cell growth on PCL-COOH-PRP, and on the level of angiogenin, vascular epidermal growth factor (VEGF) in PRP itself.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasiya O Solovieva
- Research Institute of Clinical and Experimental Lymphology-Branch of the ICG SB RAS, 2 Timakova Str., 630060 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Natalia A Sitnikova
- Research Institute of Clinical and Experimental Lymphology-Branch of the ICG SB RAS, 2 Timakova Str., 630060 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Vadim V Nimaev
- Research Institute of Clinical and Experimental Lymphology-Branch of the ICG SB RAS, 2 Timakova Str., 630060 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Elena A Koroleva
- Research Institute of Clinical and Experimental Lymphology-Branch of the ICG SB RAS, 2 Timakova Str., 630060 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Anton M Manakhov
- Research Institute of Clinical and Experimental Lymphology-Branch of the ICG SB RAS, 2 Timakova Str., 630060 Novosibirsk, Russia
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32
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Bi S, Liu Y, Lv T, Ren Y, Liu K, Liu C, Zhang Y. Preliminary exploration of method for screening efficacy markers compatibility in TCM prescriptions based on Q-markers: Anti-inflammatory activity of Dachaihu decoction as an example. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 312:116539. [PMID: 37088240 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.116539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Revised: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Dachaihu Decoction (DD), a classic Chinese herbal prescription, is composed of radix of Bupleurum chinense DC. (Chaihu), radix of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi (Huangqin), radix of Paeonia lactiflora Pall. (Baishao), rhizoma of Pinellia ternata (Thunb.) Breit. (Banxia), fructus of Citrus aurantium L. (Zhishi), rhizoma of Zingiber officinale Rosc. (Shengjiang), fructus of Ziziphus jujuba Mill. (Dazao) and rhizoma of Rheum officinale Baill. (Dahuang). DD has the traditional effects of soothing the liver, relieving depression and clearing heat from the stomach, and is mainly used to treat heat stagnation in the liver and stomach. AIM OF THE STUDY Dachaihu decoction (DD), a classic prescription commonly used in clinical practice for the treatment of pancreatitis and cholecystitis. Although its pharmacological effects are clear, the efficacy components and mechanism of action remain intricate and difficult to clarify. MATERIALS AND METHODS The action targets and components of the anti-inflammatory activity of DD were predicted by network pharmacology; the effective components and targets were verified by HPLC and qPCR; the efficacy markers of DD were further screened by in vitro experiments; the pharmacological value of DD and its components compatibility were evaluated by in vitro experiments. RESULTS The key targets MMP9, JAK2, MAP2K1 and NR3C1 were screened by network pharmacology; HPLC analysis showed that paeoniflorin, naringin, hesperidin, neohesperidin, baicalin, wogonoside, baicalein and saikosaponin B2 were identified as potential efficacy markers of DD; molecular docking combined with qPCR verification suggested that baicalin, naringin, neohesperidin, hesperidin and baicalein and wogonoside had certain ability to regulate above targets; in vitro studies revealed that paeoniflorin, naringin, hesperidin, neohesperidin, baicalin, wogonoside, baicalein and saikosaponin B2 could inhibit the release of NO, pancreatic lipase and α-glucosidase; after comprehensive comparison and analysis, naringin, hesperidin, neohesperidin, baicalin, wogonoside, baicalein and saikosaponin B2 were selected as the efficacy markers of DD; in vivo studies indicated that DD and its efficacy markers (components compatibility) had definite therapeutic effects on guinea pigs with cholecystitis. CONCLUSIONS The efficacy markers of DD including naringin, hesperidin, neohesperidin, baicalin, wogonoside, baicalein and saikosaponin B2 can be used as components compatibility to exert anti-inflammatory activity. In addition, a method for obtaining the compatibility of efficacy markers by simplifying the prescription is initially established.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shijie Bi
- Key Laboratory of TCM-information Engineer of State Administration of TCM, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, China
| | - Yanan Liu
- Key Laboratory of TCM-information Engineer of State Administration of TCM, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, China
| | - Tianyi Lv
- Key Laboratory of TCM-information Engineer of State Administration of TCM, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, China
| | - Yue Ren
- Key Laboratory of TCM-information Engineer of State Administration of TCM, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, China
| | - Kaiyang Liu
- Key Laboratory of TCM-information Engineer of State Administration of TCM, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, China
| | - Chaoqun Liu
- Key Laboratory of TCM-information Engineer of State Administration of TCM, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, China
| | - Yanling Zhang
- Key Laboratory of TCM-information Engineer of State Administration of TCM, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, China.
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Lo J, Wu HE, Liu CC, Chang KC, Lee PY, Liu PL, Huang SP, Wu PC, Lin TC, Lai YH, Chang YC, Chen YR, Lee SI, Huang YK, Wang SC, Li CY. Nordalbergin Exerts Anti-Neuroinflammatory Effects by Attenuating MAPK Signaling Pathway, NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation and ROS Production in LPS-Stimulated BV2 Microglia. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24087300. [PMID: 37108458 PMCID: PMC10138998 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24087300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 04/02/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Microglia-associated neuroinflammation is recognized as a critical factor in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases; however, there is no effective treatment for the blockage of neurodegenerative disease progression. In this study, the effect of nordalbergin, a coumarin isolated from the wood bark of Dalbergia sissoo, on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammatory responses was investigated using murine microglial BV2 cells. Cell viability was assessed using the MTT assay, whereas nitric oxide (NO) production was analyzed using the Griess reagent. Secretion of interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) was detected by the ELISA. The expression of inducible NO synthase (iNOS), cyclooxygenase (COX)-2, mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) and NLRP3 inflammasome-related proteins was assessed by Western blot. The production of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) and intracellular ROS was detected using flow cytometry. Our experimental results indicated that nordalbergin ≤20 µM suppressed NO, IL-6, TNF-α and IL-1β production; decreased iNOS and COX-2 expression; inhibited MAPKs activation; attenuated NLRP3 inflammasome activation; and reduced both intracellular and mitochondrial ROS production by LPS-stimulated BV2 cells in a dose-dependent manner. These results demonstrate that nordalbergin exhibits anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative activities through inhibiting MAPK signaling pathway, NLRP3 inflammasome activation and ROS production, suggesting that nordalbergin might have the potential to inhibit neurodegenerative disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung Lo
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-En Wu
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Chih Liu
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan 71004, Taiwan
| | - Kun-Che Chang
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Louis J. Fox Center for Vision Restoration, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Department of Neurobiology, Center of Neuroscience, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Po-Yen Lee
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Po-Len Liu
- Department of Respiratory Therapy, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Pin Huang
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Ph.D. Program in Environmental and Occupational Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Chang Wu
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Chieh Lin
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Hung Lai
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Yo-Chen Chang
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Yuan-Ru Chen
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-I Lee
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Kai Huang
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Chi Wang
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 80756, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Yang Li
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 80756, Taiwan
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung 91201, Taiwan
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Xu Z, Zhang G, Zhang X, Lei Y, Sun Y, He Y, Yang F, Nan W, Xing X, Li Y, Lin J. Menstrual blood-derived endometrial stem cells inhibit neuroinflammation by regulating microglia through the TLR4/MyD88/NLRP3/Casp1 pathway. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2023; 157:106386. [PMID: 36754162 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2023.106386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Revised: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Neuroinflammation is a common response in various neurological disorders. Mesenchymal stem cell-based treatment has become a promising therapy for neuroinflammation-associated diseases. However, the effects of mesenchymal stem cells are controversial, and the underlying mechanism is incompletely understood. In the present study, menstrual blood-derived endometrial stem cells were intravenously transplanted into a mouse model of neuroinflammation established by peripheral injection of lipopolysaccharide. Microglial cells challenged with lipopolysaccharide were cultured with conditioned medium from endometrial stem cells. The levels of cytokines were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Cell proliferation and death were detected by Cell Counting Kit 8 and flow cytometry, respectively. The expression levels of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), myeloid differentiation primary response gene 88 (MyD88), NLR family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) and caspase 1 (Casp1) were evaluated by western blotting. The results showed that intravenous transplantation of endometrial stem cells downregulated proinflammatory factors and upregulated anti-inflammatory factors in the brain of mice with neuroinflammation. Conditioned medium suppressed the inflammatory reaction and hyperactivation of microglial cells and protected microglial cells from cell death induced by lipopolysaccharide in vitro. The expression of TLR4, MyD88, NLRP3 and Casp1 in the brain of mice with neuroinflammation and in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated microglial cells was downregulated by endometrial stem cells and conditioned medium, respectively. These data suggested that menstrual blood-derived endometrial stem cells may suppress neuroinflammatory reactions partially by regulating microglia through the TLR4/MyD88/NLRP3/Casp1 signalling pathway. Our findings may be very useful for the development of an alternative stem cell-based therapy for neuroinflammation-associated disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihao Xu
- School of Life Science and Technology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, Henan, PR China; Stem Cells and Biotherapy Engineering and Technology Research Center of Henan, Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of Stem Cell Medicine, National Joint Engineering Laboratory of Stem Cells and Biotherapy, Xinxiang 453003, Henan, PR China.
| | - Guoqing Zhang
- School of Life Science and Technology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, Henan, PR China; Stem Cells and Biotherapy Engineering and Technology Research Center of Henan, Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of Stem Cell Medicine, National Joint Engineering Laboratory of Stem Cells and Biotherapy, Xinxiang 453003, Henan, PR China
| | - Xiaoyue Zhang
- School of Life Science and Technology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, Henan, PR China; Stem Cells and Biotherapy Engineering and Technology Research Center of Henan, Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of Stem Cell Medicine, National Joint Engineering Laboratory of Stem Cells and Biotherapy, Xinxiang 453003, Henan, PR China
| | - Yu Lei
- School of Life Science and Technology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, Henan, PR China
| | - Yuliang Sun
- Stem Cells and Biotherapy Engineering and Technology Research Center of Henan, Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of Stem Cell Medicine, National Joint Engineering Laboratory of Stem Cells and Biotherapy, Xinxiang 453003, Henan, PR China; School of Medical Engineering, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, Henan, PR China
| | - Ya'nan He
- Zhongyuan Stem Cell Research Institute, Xinxiang 453003, Henan, PR China
| | - Fen Yang
- Stem Cells and Biotherapy Engineering and Technology Research Center of Henan, Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of Stem Cell Medicine, National Joint Engineering Laboratory of Stem Cells and Biotherapy, Xinxiang 453003, Henan, PR China; School of Medical Engineering, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, Henan, PR China
| | - Wenbin Nan
- School of Life Science and Technology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, Henan, PR China
| | - Xuekun Xing
- College of Public Health, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541199, Guangxi, PR China
| | - Yonghai Li
- School of Life Science and Technology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, Henan, PR China; Stem Cells and Biotherapy Engineering and Technology Research Center of Henan, Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of Stem Cell Medicine, National Joint Engineering Laboratory of Stem Cells and Biotherapy, Xinxiang 453003, Henan, PR China
| | - Juntang Lin
- School of Life Science and Technology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, Henan, PR China; Stem Cells and Biotherapy Engineering and Technology Research Center of Henan, Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of Stem Cell Medicine, National Joint Engineering Laboratory of Stem Cells and Biotherapy, Xinxiang 453003, Henan, PR China; School of Medical Engineering, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, Henan, PR China.
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35
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Yang Z, Li P, Yuan Q, Wang X, Ma HH, Zhuan B. Inhibition of miR-4640-5p alleviates pulmonary hypertension in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients by regulating nitric oxide synthase 1. Respir Res 2023; 24:92. [PMID: 36964568 PMCID: PMC10039540 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-023-02387-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a devastating disease characterized by vasoconstriction and vascular remodeling, leading to right ventricular failure and death. PH is a common complication of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Accumulating evidence demonstrate that microRNAs participate in the pathobiology of PH in COPD patients. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the expression and function of microRNA-4640-5p (miR-4640-5p) in PH. METHODS The mRNA and protein levels were determined by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and western blot, separately. Functional assays and western blot were performed to determine the effects of miR-4640-5p and NOS1 on cell growth, migration. Besides, the dual-luciferase reporter assays were used to validate miR-4640-5p and NOS1 interactions. RESULTS We found that miR-4640-5p expression was significantly higher in the lung tissues of COPD-PH patients than in the healthy controls while higher expression of miR-4640-5p was correlated with more severe COPD-PH. By using pulmonary artery smooth muscle cell (PASMC) in in vitro assays, we demonstrated that inhibition of miR-4640-5p suppressed cell proliferation and migration of PASMC via regulating mTOR/S6 signaling. Bioinformatics analysis and validation experiments revealed that nitric oxide synthase 1 (NOS1) was a direct downstream target of miR-4640-5p. Overexpression of NOS1 partially antagonized the effect of miR-4640-5p in regulating PASMC cell proliferation and migration. In addition, our findings suggested that miR-4640-5p/NOS1 axis regulated mitochondrial dynamics in PASMCs. Furthermore, in the hypoxia-induced PH rat model, inhibition of miR-4640-5p ameliorated PH with reduced right ventricular systolic pressure and Fulton index. CONCLUSIONS miR-4640-5p regulates PH via targeting NOS1, which provides a potential diagnostic biomarker and therapeutic target for COPD-PH patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao Yang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Suzhou Science & Technology Town Hospital, Suzhou, 215153, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ping Li
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, People's Hospital of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, The Affiliated Hospital of NingXia Medical University, Ningxia, Yinchuan, 750001, China
| | - Qun Yuan
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Suzhou Science & Technology Town Hospital, Suzhou, 215153, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xi Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Suzhou Science & Technology Town Hospital, Suzhou, 215153, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hong-Hong Ma
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, People's Hospital of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, The Affiliated Hospital of NingXia Medical University, Ningxia, Yinchuan, 750001, China
| | - Bing Zhuan
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, People's Hospital of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, The Affiliated Hospital of NingXia Medical University, Ningxia, Yinchuan, 750001, China.
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Genetic Markers of Insulin Resistance and Atherosclerosis in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients with Coronary Artery Disease. Metabolites 2023; 13:metabo13030427. [PMID: 36984867 PMCID: PMC10054456 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13030427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is characterized by impaired insulin secretion on a background of insulin resistance (IR). IR and T2DM are associated with atherosclerotic coronary artery disease (CAD). The mechanisms of IR and atherosclerosis are known to share similar genetic and environmental roots. Endothelial dysfunction (ED) detected at the earliest stages of IR might be the origin of atherosclerosis progression. ED influences the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines and their encoding genes. The genes and their single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) act as potential genetic markers of IR and atherosclerosis. This review focuses on the link between IR, T2DM, atherosclerosis, CAD, and the potential genetic markers CHI3L1, CD36, LEPR, RETN, IL-18, RBP-4, and RARRES2 genes.
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Azarova I, Polonikov A, Klyosova E. Molecular Genetics of Abnormal Redox Homeostasis in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24054738. [PMID: 36902173 PMCID: PMC10003739 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24054738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Numerous studies have shown that oxidative stress resulting from an imbalance between the production of free radicals and their neutralization by antioxidant enzymes is one of the major pathological disorders underlying the development and progression of type 2 diabetes (T2D). The present review summarizes the current state of the art advances in understanding the role of abnormal redox homeostasis in the molecular mechanisms of T2D and provides comprehensive information on the characteristics and biological functions of antioxidant and oxidative enzymes, as well as discusses genetic studies conducted so far in order to investigate the contribution of polymorphisms in genes encoding redox state-regulating enzymes to the disease pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iuliia Azarova
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Kursk State Medical University, 3 Karl Marx Street, 305041 Kursk, Russia
- Laboratory of Biochemical Genetics and Metabolomics, Research Institute for Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology, Kursk State Medical University, 18 Yamskaya Street, 305041 Kursk, Russia
| | - Alexey Polonikov
- Laboratory of Statistical Genetics and Bioinformatics, Research Institute for Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology, Kursk State Medical University, 18 Yamskaya Street, 305041 Kursk, Russia
- Department of Biology, Medical Genetics and Ecology, Kursk State Medical University, 3 Karl Marx Street, 305041 Kursk, Russia
- Correspondence:
| | - Elena Klyosova
- Laboratory of Biochemical Genetics and Metabolomics, Research Institute for Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology, Kursk State Medical University, 18 Yamskaya Street, 305041 Kursk, Russia
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Hildre TT, Heiro H, Sandven I, Hammarström B. Ambient Environmental Ozone and Variation of Fractional Exhaled Nitric Oxide (FeNO) in Hairdressers and Healthcare Workers. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:4271. [PMID: 36901281 PMCID: PMC10001628 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20054271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) is a breath-related biomarker of eosinophilic asthma. The aim of this study was to investigate FeNO variations due to environmental or occupational exposures in respiratory healthy subjects. Overall, 14 hairdressers and 15 healthcare workers in Oslo were followed for 5 workdays. We registered the levels of FeNO after commuting and arriving at the workspace and after ≥3 h of work, in addition to symptoms of cold, commuting method, and hair treatments that were performed. Both short- and intermediate-term effects after exposure were evaluated. Environmental assessment of daily average levels of air quality particulate matter 2.5 (PM2.5), particulate matter 10 (PM10), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), sulphur dioxide (SO2), and ozone (O3) indicated a covariation in ozone and FeNO in which a 35-50% decrease in ozone was followed by a near 20% decrease in FeNO with a 24-h latency. Pedestrians had significantly increased FeNO readings. Symptoms of cold were associated with a significant increase in FeNO readings. We did not find any FeNO increase of statistical significance after occupational chemical exposure to hair treatments. The findings may be of clinical, environmental and occupational importance.
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Grune T, Schnell V, Jung T. High glucose leads to redistribution of the proteasomal system. Biofactors 2023. [PMID: 36757058 DOI: 10.1002/biof.1937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
The impact of high glucose on the cellular redox state, causing both induction of antioxidative systems and also enhanced protein oxidation is discussed for a long time. It is established that elevated glucose levels are disrupting the cellular proteostasis and influencing the proteasomal system. However, it is still unresolved whether this is due to a reaction of the cellular proteasomal system towards the high glucose or whether this is a secondary reaction to inflammatory stimuli. Therefore, we used a dermal fibroblast cell line exposed to high glucose in order to reveal whether a response of the proteasomal system takes place. We investigated the α4 and the inducible iβ5 subunits of the 20S proteasome, as well as the Rpn1-subunit of the 19S proteasomal regulator complex, measured activity of the 20S, 20S1, and 26S proteasome and detected as well changes in expression as a redistribution into the nucleus. Interestingly, while the activity of the proteasomal forms rather decreased under high glucose treatment; higher expression levels of components of the proteasomal system and higher concentrations of protein-bound 3-nitrotyrosine and Nrf2 (nuclear factor [erythroid-derived 2]-like 2) were detected. However, no change in the cytosol-nucleus distribution could be detected for most of the quantified parameters. We concluded that high glucose alone, without additional inflammatory stimuli, provokes a regulatory response on the ubiquitin-proteasomal system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tilman Grune
- Department of Molecular Toxicology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbrücke, Nuthetal, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Berlin, Germany
- Institute of Nutrition, University of Potsdam, Nuthetal, Germany
- Department of Physiological Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Vanessa Schnell
- Department of Molecular Toxicology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbrücke, Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Tobias Jung
- Department of Molecular Toxicology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbrücke, Nuthetal, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Berlin, Germany
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Tischer B, Pangloli P, Nieto-Veloza A, Reeder M, Dia VP. Bioactive compounds, antioxidant capacity and anti-inflammatory activity of native fruits from Brazil. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0285625. [PMID: 37163497 PMCID: PMC10171607 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0285625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to extract, identify, and quantify the phenolic compounds in grumixama (Eugenia brasilienses Lam.) and guabiju (Myrcianthes pungens), native fruits from southern region of Brazil, and to explore their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. The phenolic compounds were extracted with acidified water and acidified methanol and evaluated for their bioactive constituents, antioxidant capacity, and anti-inflammatory properties. Spectrophotometric quantification shows tannins to be the most prevalent at 2.3 to 5.8 g/100g fresh fruit with acidified methanol containing higher concentrations of different phenolics than acidified water. HPLC analysis indicates that gallic acid, catechin, vanillic acid, and ellagic acid are the most prevalent phenolics in the two fruits extracts. Scavenging of DPPH and NO radicals showed inhibition by as much as 95% and 80%, respectively, at 2.5 gallic acid equivalent (GAE)/mL of the extract. At 50 μg GAE/mL, the release of pro-inflammatory molecules NO and IL-6 was significantly reduced with acidified methanol extract having higher inhibitory activity. Our results revealed that these native fruits, grown in the south of Brazil, are rich sources of phenolic compounds and have great antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruna Tischer
- Department of Food Science, The University of Tennessee Institute of Agriculture, Knoxville, Tennessee, United States of America
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Philipus Pangloli
- Department of Food Science, The University of Tennessee Institute of Agriculture, Knoxville, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Andrea Nieto-Veloza
- Department of Food Science, The University of Tennessee Institute of Agriculture, Knoxville, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Matthew Reeder
- Department of Food Science, The University of Tennessee Institute of Agriculture, Knoxville, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Vermont P Dia
- Department of Food Science, The University of Tennessee Institute of Agriculture, Knoxville, Tennessee, United States of America
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The Inhibition of the Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase Enhances the DPSC Mineralization under LPS-Induced Inflammation. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232314560. [PMID: 36498888 PMCID: PMC9736592 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232314560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) is a key messenger in physiological and pathological processes in mammals. An excessive NO production is associated with pathological conditions underlying the inflammation response as a trigger. Among others, dental pulp inflammation results from the invasion of dentin by pathogenic bacteria. Vital functions of pulp mesenchymal stem cells (DPSCs, dental pulp stem cells), such as mineralization, might be affected by the inducible NOS (iNOS) upregulation. In this context, the iNOS selective inhibition can be considered an innovative therapeutic strategy to counteract inflammation and to promote the regeneration of the dentin-pulp complex. The present work aims at evaluating two acetamidines structurally related to the selective iNOS inhibitor 1400W, namely CM544 and FAB1020, in a model of LPS-stimulated primary DPSCs. Our data reveal that CM544 and even more FAB1020 are promising anti-inflammatory compounds, decreasing IL-6 secretion by enhancing CD73 expression-levels, a protein involved in innate immunity processes and thus confirming an immunomodulatory role of DPSCs. In parallel, cell mineralization potential is retained in the presence of compounds as well as VEGF secretion, and thus their angiogenetic potential. Data presented lay the ground for further investigation on the anti-inflammatory potential of acetamidines selectively targeting iNOS in a clinical context.
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Ranjbar T, Oza PP, Kashfi K. The Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System, Nitric Oxide, and Hydrogen Sulfide at the Crossroads of Hypertension and COVID-19: Racial Disparities and Outcomes. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232213895. [PMID: 36430371 PMCID: PMC9699619 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232213895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 is caused by SARS-CoV-2 and is more severe in the elderly, racial minorities, and those with comorbidities such as hypertension and diabetes. These pathologies are often controlled with medications involving the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS). RAAS is an endocrine system involved in maintaining blood pressure and blood volume through components of the system. SARS-CoV-2 enters the cells through ACE2, a membrane-bound protein related to RAAS. Therefore, the use of RAAS inhibitors could worsen the severity of COVID-19's symptoms, especially amongst those with pre-existing comorbidities. Although a vaccine is currently available to prevent and reduce the symptom severity of COVID-19, other options, such as nitric oxide and hydrogen sulfide, may also have utility to prevent and treat this virus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tara Ranjbar
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, Sophie Davis School of Biomedical Education, City University of New York School of Medicine, New York, NY 10031, USA
| | - Palak P. Oza
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, Sophie Davis School of Biomedical Education, City University of New York School of Medicine, New York, NY 10031, USA
| | - Khosrow Kashfi
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, Sophie Davis School of Biomedical Education, City University of New York School of Medicine, New York, NY 10031, USA
- Graduate Program in Biology, City University of New York Graduate Center, New York, NY 10016, USA
- Correspondence:
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43
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Dai W, Deng Y, Chen X, Huang Y, Hu H, Jin Q, Tang Z, Ji J. A mitochondria-targeted supramolecular nanoplatform for peroxynitrite-potentiated oxidative therapy of orthotopic hepatoma. Biomaterials 2022; 290:121854. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2022.121854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Revised: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Oza PP, Kashfi K. Utility of NO and H 2S donating platforms in managing COVID-19: Rationale and promise. Nitric Oxide 2022; 128:72-102. [PMID: 36029975 PMCID: PMC9398942 DOI: 10.1016/j.niox.2022.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Revised: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Viral infections are a continuing global burden on the human population, underscored by the ramifications of the COVID-19 pandemic. Current treatment options and supportive therapies for many viral infections are relatively limited, indicating a need for alternative therapeutic approaches. Virus-induced damage occurs through direct infection of host cells and inflammation-related changes. Severe cases of certain viral infections, including COVID-19, can lead to a hyperinflammatory response termed cytokine storm, resulting in extensive endothelial damage, thrombosis, respiratory failure, and death. Therapies targeting these complications are crucial in addition to antiviral therapies. Nitric oxide and hydrogen sulfide are two endogenous gasotransmitters that have emerged as key signaling molecules with a broad range of antiviral actions in addition to having anti-inflammatory properties and protective functions in the vasculature and respiratory system. The enhancement of endogenous nitric oxide and hydrogen sulfide levels thus holds promise for managing both early-stage and later-stage viral infections, including SARS-CoV-2. Using SARS-CoV-2 as a model for similar viral infections, here we explore the current evidence regarding nitric oxide and hydrogen sulfide's use to limit viral infection, resolve inflammation, and reduce vascular and pulmonary damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Palak P Oza
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, Sophie Davis School of Biomedical Education, City University of New York School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10031, USA
| | - Khosrow Kashfi
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, Sophie Davis School of Biomedical Education, City University of New York School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10031, USA; Graduate Program in Biology, City University of New York Graduate Center, New York, 10091, USA.
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Ren Y, Li Z, Li W, Fan X, Han F, Huang Y, Yu Y, Qian L, Xiong Y. Arginase: Biological and Therapeutic Implications in Diabetes Mellitus and Its Complications. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:2419412. [PMID: 36338341 PMCID: PMC9629921 DOI: 10.1155/2022/2419412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
Arginase is a ubiquitous enzyme in the urea cycle (UC) that hydrolyzes L-arginine to urea and L-ornithine. Two mammalian arginase isoforms, arginase1 (ARG1) and arginase2 (ARG2), play a vital role in the regulation of β-cell functions, insulin resistance (IR), and vascular complications via modulating L-arginine metabolism, nitric oxide (NO) production, and inflammatory responses as well as oxidative stress. Basic and clinical studies reveal that abnormal alterations of arginase expression and activity are strongly associated with the onset and development of diabetes mellitus (DM) and its complications. As a result, targeting arginase may be a novel and promising approach for DM treatment. An increasing number of arginase inhibitors, including chemical and natural inhibitors, have been developed and shown to protect against the development of DM and its complications. In this review, we discuss the fundamental features of arginase. Next, the regulatory roles and underlying mechanisms of arginase in the pathogenesis and progression of DM and its complications are explored. Furthermore, we review the development and discuss the challenges of arginase inhibitors in treating DM and its related pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Ren
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Xi'an No.3 Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zhuozhuo Li
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Xi'an No.3 Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Wenqing Li
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Xi'an No.3 Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiaobin Fan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Xi'an No.3 Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Feifei Han
- Department of Endocrinology, Xi'an No.3 Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yaoyao Huang
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Xi'an No.3 Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yi Yu
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Xi'an No.3 Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Lu Qian
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Xi'an No.3 Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Xi'an No.3 Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yuyan Xiong
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Xi'an No.3 Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
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Filimonova M, Shevchenko L, Makarchuk V, Saburova A, Shegay P, Kaprin A, Ivanov S, Filimonov A. Preclinical studies of NOS inhibitor T1059 vasopressor activity on the models of acute hemorrhagic shock in rats and dogs. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:995272. [PMID: 36249787 PMCID: PMC9561252 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.995272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of new effective and safe vasopressors is one of the ways to increase the effectiveness of the treatment of hypotensive disorders, the severe forms of which remain a common cause of death in all countries of the world. Previously, we synthesized the original compound T1059, a selective inhibitor of eNOS/iNOS which has a pronounced vasoconstrictive effect. Here we show its vasopressor activity in models of the early stage of acute hemorrhagic shock in rats and dogs, as part of preclinical studies. The results indicate NOS inhibitor T1059 as a potent long-acting vasopressor. Its single parenteral administration in sufficiently safe doses (1/50–1/9 LD10), caused in rats and dogs a rapid increase in vascular tone, accompanied by a prolonged hypertensive effect (within 90–120 min in rats, and within 115 min in dogs). The repeated administration of T1059 at low doses (1/3 of the first dose) made it possible to considerably (by at least 60 min) prolong a significant vasopressor effect. In all schemes, T1059 administration considerably inhibited the development of threatening cardiorespiratory disorders and significantly (p = 0.0026–0.0098) increased the short-term survival of experimental animals, formally extending the duration of the “golden hour” by 2 times. These data indicate that NOS inhibitors and, in particular, compound T1059, are able to create new opportunities in the treatment of hypotensive disorders, including the provision of assistance at the prehospital stage of treatment of such pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Filimonova
- A. Tsyb Medical Radiological Research Center—Branch of the National Medical Research Radiological Center of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Obninsk, Russia
- *Correspondence: Marina Filimonova,
| | - Ljudmila Shevchenko
- A. Tsyb Medical Radiological Research Center—Branch of the National Medical Research Radiological Center of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Obninsk, Russia
| | - Victoria Makarchuk
- A. Tsyb Medical Radiological Research Center—Branch of the National Medical Research Radiological Center of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Obninsk, Russia
| | - Alina Saburova
- A. Tsyb Medical Radiological Research Center—Branch of the National Medical Research Radiological Center of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Obninsk, Russia
| | - Petr Shegay
- National Medical Research Radiological Center of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Obninsk, Russia
| | - Andrey Kaprin
- National Medical Research Radiological Center of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Obninsk, Russia
- Medical Institute (RUDN University), Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia, Moscow, Russia
| | - Sergey Ivanov
- A. Tsyb Medical Radiological Research Center—Branch of the National Medical Research Radiological Center of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Obninsk, Russia
| | - Alexander Filimonov
- A. Tsyb Medical Radiological Research Center—Branch of the National Medical Research Radiological Center of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Obninsk, Russia
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Wang S, Qin L. Homeostatic medicine: a strategy for exploring health and disease. CURRENT MEDICINE 2022; 1:16. [PMID: 36189427 PMCID: PMC9510546 DOI: 10.1007/s44194-022-00016-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Homeostasis is a process of dynamic balance regulated by organisms, through which they maintain an internal stability and adapt to the external environment for survival. In this paper, we propose the concept of utilizing homeostatic medicine (HM) as a strategy to explore health and disease. HM is a science that studies the maintenance of the body’s homeostasis. It is also a discipline that investigates the role of homeostasis in building health, studies the change of homeostasis in disease progression, and explores ways to restore homeostasis for the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of disease at all levels of biological organization. A new dimension in the medical system with a promising future HM focuses on how homeostasis functions in the regulation of health and disease and provides strategic directions in disease prevention and control. Nitric oxide (NO) plays an important role in the control of homeostasis in multiple systems. Nitrate is an important substance that regulates NO homeostasis through the nitrate-nitrite-NO pathway. Sialin interacts with nitrate and participates in the regulation of NO production and cell biological functions for body homeostasis. The interactions between nitrate and NO or sialin is an important mechanism by which homeostasis is regulated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songlin Wang
- Beijing Laboratory of Oral Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069 China
- Salivary Gland Disease Center and Molecular Laboratory for Gene Therapy & Tooth Regeneration, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050 China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069 China
| | - Lizheng Qin
- Beijing Laboratory of Oral Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069 China
- Salivary Gland Disease Center and Molecular Laboratory for Gene Therapy & Tooth Regeneration, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050 China
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial & Head and Neck Oncology, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050 China
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Sato I, Yamamoto S, Kakimoto M, Fujii M, Honma K, Kumazaki S, Matsui M, Nakayama H, Kirihara S, Ran S, Usui S, Shinohata R, Kitamori K, Hirohata S, Watanabe S. Suppression of nitric oxide synthase aggravates non-alcoholic steatohepatitis and atherosclerosis in SHRSP5/Dmcr rat via acceleration of abnormal lipid metabolism. Pharmacol Rep 2022; 74:669-683. [PMID: 35819592 DOI: 10.1007/s43440-022-00380-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Revised: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is a progressive subtype of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) that is closely related to cardiovascular disease (CVD). Nitric oxide (NO) plays a critical role in the control of various biological processes. Dysfunction of the NO signaling pathway is associated with various diseases such as atherosclerosis, vascular inflammatory disease, and diabetes. Recently, it has been reported that NO is related to lipid and cholesterol metabolism. Chronic NO synthase (NOS) inhibition accelerates NAFLD by increasing hepatic lipid deposition. However, the detailed relationship between NO and abnormal lipid and cholesterol metabolism in NAFLD/NASH has not been completely explained. We aimed to determine the effects of NOS inhibition by N omega-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester hydrochloride (L-NAME), a NOS inhibitor, on NASH and CVD via lipid and cholesterol metabolism. METHODS Stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats were fed a high-fat and high-cholesterol diet for 8 weeks and administered L-NAME for the last 2 weeks. Following blood and tissue sampling, biochemical analysis, histopathological staining, quantitative RT-PCR analysis, and western blotting were performed. RESULTS L-NAME markedly increased hepatic triglyceride (TG) and cholesterol levels by promoting TG synthesis and cholesterol absorption from the diet. L-NAME increased the mRNA levels of inflammatory markers and fibrotic areas in the liver. Cholesterol secretion from the liver was promoted in rats administered L-NAME, which increased serum cholesterol. L-NAME significantly increased the level of oxidative stress marker and lipid deposition in the arteries. CONCLUSIONS NOS inhibition simultaneously aggravates NASH and atherosclerosis via hepatic lipid and cholesterol metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ikumi Sato
- Department of Medical Technology, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University, 2-5-1, Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama-shi, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan
| | - Shusei Yamamoto
- Department of Medical Technology, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University, 2-5-1, Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama-shi, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan
- Academic Field of Health Science, Okayama University, 2-5-1, Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama-shi, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan
| | - Mai Kakimoto
- Department of Medical Technology, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University, 2-5-1, Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama-shi, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan
| | - Moe Fujii
- Department of Medical Technology, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University, 2-5-1, Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama-shi, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan
| | - Koki Honma
- Department of Medical Technology, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University, 2-5-1, Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama-shi, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan
| | - Shota Kumazaki
- Department of Medical Technology, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University, 2-5-1, Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama-shi, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan
| | - Mami Matsui
- Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Okayama University, 2-5-1, Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama-shi, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan
| | - Hinako Nakayama
- Department of Medical Technology, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University, 2-5-1, Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama-shi, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan
| | - Sora Kirihara
- Department of Medical Technology, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University, 2-5-1, Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama-shi, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan
| | - Shang Ran
- Department of Medical Technology, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University, 2-5-1, Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama-shi, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan
| | - Shinichi Usui
- Department of Pathobiological Science and Technology, School of Health Science, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, 86, Nishi-machi, Yonago-shi, Tottori, 683-8503, Japan
| | - Ryoko Shinohata
- Academic Field of Health Science, Okayama University, 2-5-1, Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama-shi, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan
| | - Kazuya Kitamori
- Collage of Human Life and Environment, Kinjo Gakuin University, 2-1723, Omori, Moriyama-ku, Nagoya-shi, Aichi, 463-8521, Japan
| | - Satoshi Hirohata
- Academic Field of Health Science, Okayama University, 2-5-1, Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama-shi, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan
| | - Shogo Watanabe
- Academic Field of Health Science, Okayama University, 2-5-1, Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama-shi, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan.
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Exploiting Bacteria for Improving Hypoxemia of COVID-19 Patients. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10081851. [PMID: 36009399 PMCID: PMC9405060 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10081851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Although useful in the time-race against COVID-19, CPAP cannot provide oxygen over the physiological limits imposed by severe pulmonary impairments. In previous studies, we reported that the administration of the SLAB51 probiotics reduced risk of developing respiratory failure in severe COVID-19 patients through the activation of oxygen sparing mechanisms providing additional oxygen to organs critical for survival. Methods: This “real life” study is a retrospective analysis of SARS-CoV-2 infected patients with hypoxaemic acute respiratory failure secondary to COVID-19 pneumonia undergoing CPAP treatment. A group of patients managed with ad interim routinely used therapy (RUT) were compared to a second group treated with RUT associated with SLAB51 oral bacteriotherapy (OB). Results: At baseline, patients receiving SLAB51 showed significantly lower blood oxygenation than controls. An opposite condition was observed after 3 days of treatment, despite the significantly reduced amount of oxygen received by patients taking SLAB51. At 7 days, a lower prevalence of COVID-19 patients needing CPAP in the group taking probiotics was observed. The administration of SLAB51 is a complementary approach for ameliorating oxygenation conditions at the systemic level. Conclusion: This study proves that probiotic administration results in an additional boost in alleviating hypoxic conditions, permitting to limit on the use of CPAP and its contraindications.
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Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory and Cytotoxic Activity of Phenolic Compound Family Extracted from Raspberries ( Rubus idaeus): A General Review. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11061192. [PMID: 35740089 PMCID: PMC9230908 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11061192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Raspberries (Rubus idaeus) possess a wide phenolic family profile; this serves the role of self-protection for the plant. Interest in these compounds have significantly increased, since they have been classified as nutraceuticals due to the positive health effects provided to consumers. Extensive chemical, in vitro and in vivo studies have been performed to prove and validate these benefits and their possible applications as an aid when treating several chronic degenerative diseases, characterized by oxidative stress and an inflammatory response. While many diseases could be co-adjuvanted by the intake of these phenolic compounds, this review will mainly discuss their effects on cancer. Anthocyanins and ellagitannins are known to provide a major antioxidant capacity in raspberries. The aim of this review is to summarize the current knowledge concerning the phenolic compound family of raspberries, and topics discussed include their characterization, biosynthesis, bioavailability, cytotoxicity, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities.
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