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Wiegand V, Gao Y, Teusch N. Pharmacological Effects of Paeonia lactiflora Focusing on Painful Diabetic Neuropathy. PLANTA MEDICA 2024; 90:1115-1129. [PMID: 39471979 DOI: 10.1055/a-2441-6488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2024]
Abstract
Painful diabetic neuropathy (PDN) is a highly prevalent complication in patients suffering from diabetes mellitus. Given the inadequate pain-relieving effect of current therapies for PDN, there is a high unmet medical need for specialized therapeutic options. In traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), various herbal formulations have been implemented for centuries to relieve pain, and one commonly used plant in this context is Paeonia lactiflora (P. lactiflora). Here, we summarize the chemical constituents of P. lactiflora including their pharmacological mechanisms-of-action and discuss potential benefits for the treatment of PDN. For this, in silico data, as well as preclinical and clinical studies, were critically reviewed and comprehensively compiled. Our findings reveal that P. lactiflora and its individual constituents exhibit a variety of pharmacological properties relevant for PDN, including antinociceptive, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antiapoptotic activities. Through this multifaceted and complex combination of various pharmacological effects, relevant hallmarks of PDN are specifically addressed, suggesting that P. lactiflora may represent a promising source for novel therapeutic approaches for PDN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Wiegand
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology and Biotechnology, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Ying Gao
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology and Biotechnology, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Nicole Teusch
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology and Biotechnology, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Germany
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2
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Brighenti T, Neri G, Mazzola M, Tomé G, Scalfati M, Peroni D, Belli R, Zampedri E, Tebaldi T, Borello U, Romanelli F, Casarosa S. Comparative proteomic analysis of human vitreous in rhegmatogenous retinal detachment and diabetic retinopathy reveals a common pathway and potential therapeutic target. Clin Proteomics 2024; 21:63. [PMID: 39609746 PMCID: PMC11603643 DOI: 10.1186/s12014-024-09515-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2024] [Accepted: 11/16/2024] [Indexed: 11/30/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The vitreous humor serves as a window into the physiological and pathological processes of the eye, particularly the retina. Diabetic retinopathy (DR), a leading cause of blindness, involves hyperglycemia-induced damage to retinal cells, leading to ischemia and elevated nitric oxide levels, culminating in vascular proliferation. Rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RD) results from a break in the neuroretina, triggering ischemia, photoreceptor death, and cellular proliferation. Proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) further complicates these conditions through fibrous proliferation. Despite their prevalence and potential for blindness, our understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying these vitreoretinal diseases is incomplete. METHODS AND RESULTS To elucidate disease mechanisms and identify potential therapeutic targets, we conducted a comparative proteomic analysis of vitreous samples from DR, RD, and macular pucker (P) patients, which were chosen as controls. LC-MS analysis identified 988 quantifiable proteins, with distinct clustering observed among disease groups. Differential expression analysis revealed 202 proteins in RD vs. P and 167 in DR vs. P, highlighting distinct proteomic signatures. Enrichment analysis identified glucose metabolism as an altered process in both diseases, suggesting common pathways despite differing etiologies. Notably, aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B1 (AKR1B1) has emerged as a potential key player in both DR and RD, indicating its role in glucose metabolism and inflammation. In silico drug screening identified diclofenac, an approved ophthalmic non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), as a potential therapeutic agent targeting AKR1B1. CONCLUSION Our study revealed distinct proteomic signatures and common pathways in vitreoretinal diseases, highlighting AKR1B1 as a potential therapeutic target. Using diclofenac during diagnosis and postoperative care for diabetic retinopathy or rhegmatogenous retinal detachment may reduce complications, lower costs, and improve quality of life. Future research will focus on confirming AKR1B1's role in vitreoretinal diseases and understanding diclofenac's mechanism of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tommaso Brighenti
- Ophthalmology Unit, Rovereto and Trento Hospitals, Trentino Health Service, Corso Verona, 4, 38068, Rovereto, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Neri
- Unit of Cell and Developmental Biology, Department of Biology, University of Pisa, SS dell'Abetone e del Brennero, 4, 56123, Pisa, PI, Italy
| | - Marco Mazzola
- Ophthalmology Unit, Rovereto and Trento Hospitals, Trentino Health Service, Corso Verona, 4, 38068, Rovereto, Italy
| | - Gabriele Tomé
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology, University of Trento, Via Sommarive 9, 38123, Trento, Italy
| | - Mariella Scalfati
- Ophthalmology Unit, Rovereto and Trento Hospitals, Trentino Health Service, Corso Verona, 4, 38068, Rovereto, Italy
| | - Daniele Peroni
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology, University of Trento, Via Sommarive 9, 38123, Trento, Italy
| | - Romina Belli
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology, University of Trento, Via Sommarive 9, 38123, Trento, Italy
| | - Elena Zampedri
- Ophthalmology Unit, Rovereto and Trento Hospitals, Trentino Health Service, Corso Verona, 4, 38068, Rovereto, Italy
| | - Toma Tebaldi
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology, University of Trento, Via Sommarive 9, 38123, Trento, Italy
- Section of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale Comprehensive Cancer Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Ugo Borello
- Unit of Cell and Developmental Biology, Department of Biology, University of Pisa, SS dell'Abetone e del Brennero, 4, 56123, Pisa, PI, Italy
| | - Federica Romanelli
- Ophthalmology Unit, Rovereto and Trento Hospitals, Trentino Health Service, Corso Verona, 4, 38068, Rovereto, Italy
| | - Simona Casarosa
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology, University of Trento, Via Sommarive 9, 38123, Trento, Italy.
- Center for Medical Sciences, University of Trento, Via Santa Maria Maddalena, 1, 38122, Trento, Italy.
- CNR Neuroscience Institute, Via Moruzzi 1, 56124, Pisa, Italy.
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Yasir M, Park J, Han ET, Han JH, Park WS, Chun W. Investigating the Inhibitory Potential of Flavonoids against Aldose Reductase: Insights from Molecular Docking, Dynamics Simulations, and gmx_MMPBSA Analysis. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2024; 46:11503-11518. [PMID: 39451563 PMCID: PMC11506312 DOI: 10.3390/cimb46100683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2024] [Revised: 10/10/2024] [Accepted: 10/12/2024] [Indexed: 10/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a complex metabolic disorder characterized by chronic hyperglycemia, with aldose reductase playing a critical role in the pathophysiology of diabetic complications. This study aimed to investigate the efficacy of flavonoid compounds as potential aldose reductase inhibitors using a combination of molecular docking and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. The three-dimensional structures of representative flavonoid compounds were obtained from PubChem, minimized, and docked against aldose reductase using Discovery Studio's CDocker module. The top 10 compounds Daidzein, Quercetin, Kaempferol, Butin, Genistein, Sterubin, Baicalein, Pulchellidin, Wogonin, and Biochanin_A were selected based on their lowest docking energy values for further analysis. Subsequent MD simulations over 100 ns revealed that Daidzein and Quercetin maintained the highest stability, forming multiple conventional hydrogen bonds and strong hydrophobic interactions, consistent with their favorable interaction energies and stable RMSD values. Comparative analysis of hydrogen bond interactions and RMSD profiles underscored the ligand stability. MMPBSA analysis further confirmed the significant binding affinities of Daidzein and Quercetin, highlighting their potential as aldose reductase inhibitors. This study highlights the potential of flavonoids as aldose reductase inhibitors, offering insights into their binding interactions and stability, which could contribute to developing novel therapeutics for DM complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Yasir
- Department of Pharmacology, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea; (M.Y.); (J.P.)
| | - Jinyoung Park
- Department of Pharmacology, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea; (M.Y.); (J.P.)
| | - Eun-Taek Han
- Department of Medical Environmental Biology and Tropical Medicine, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea; (E.-T.H.); (J.-H.H.)
| | - Jin-Hee Han
- Department of Medical Environmental Biology and Tropical Medicine, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea; (E.-T.H.); (J.-H.H.)
| | - Won Sun Park
- Department of Physiology, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea;
| | - Wanjoo Chun
- Department of Pharmacology, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea; (M.Y.); (J.P.)
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Nagayach A, Bhaskar R, Ghosh S, Singh KK, Han SS, Sinha JK. Advancing the understanding of diabetic encephalopathy through unravelling pathogenesis and exploring future treatment perspectives. Ageing Res Rev 2024; 100:102450. [PMID: 39134179 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2024.102450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2024] [Revised: 07/31/2024] [Accepted: 08/05/2024] [Indexed: 08/25/2024]
Abstract
Diabetic encephalopathy (DE), a significant micro-complication of diabetes, manifests as neurochemical, structural, behavioral, and cognitive alterations. This condition is especially dangerous for the elderly because aging raises the risk of neurodegenerative disorders and cognitive impairment, both of which can be made worse by diabetes. Despite its severity, diagnosis of this disease is challenging, and there is a paucity of information on its pathogenesis. The pivotal roles of various cellular pathways, activated or influenced by hyperglycemia, insulin sensitivity, amyloid accumulation, tau hyperphosphorylation, brain vasculopathy, neuroinflammation, and oxidative stress, are widely recognized for contributing to the potential causes of diabetic encephalopathy. We also reviewed current pharmacological strategies for DE encompassing a comprehensive approach targeting metabolic dysregulations and neurological manifestations. Antioxidant-based therapies hold promise in mitigating oxidative stress-induced neuronal damage, while anti-diabetic drugs offer neuroprotective effects through diverse mechanisms, including modulation of insulin signaling pathways and neuroinflammation. Additionally, tissue engineering and nanomedicine-based approaches present innovative strategies for targeted drug delivery and regenerative therapies for DE. Despite significant progress, challenges remain in translating these therapeutic interventions into clinical practice, including long-term safety, scalability, and regulatory approval. Further research is warranted to optimize these approaches and address remaining gaps in the management of DE and associated neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aarti Nagayach
- Department of Cancer Biology, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
| | - Rakesh Bhaskar
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, South Korea; Research Institute of Cell Culture, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, South Korea
| | - Shampa Ghosh
- GloNeuro, Sector 107, Vishwakarma Road, Noida, Uttar Pradesh 201301 India
| | - Krishna Kumar Singh
- Symbiosis Centre for Information Technology, Symbiosis International (Deemed University), Rajiv Gandhi InfoTech Park, Hinjawadi, Pune, Maharashtra 411057, India
| | - Sung Soo Han
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, South Korea; Research Institute of Cell Culture, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, South Korea.
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5
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Wu L, Wang XJ, Luo X, Zhang J, Zhao X, Chen Q. Diabetic peripheral neuropathy based on Schwann cell injury: mechanisms of cell death regulation and therapeutic perspectives. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 15:1427679. [PMID: 39193373 PMCID: PMC11348392 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1427679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 07/24/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) is a complication of diabetes mellitus that lacks specific treatment, its high prevalence and disabling neuropathic pain greatly affects patients' physical and mental health. Schwann cells (SCs) are the major glial cells of the peripheral nervous system, which play an important role in various inflammatory and metabolic neuropathies by providing nutritional support, wrapping axons and promoting repair and regeneration. Increasingly, high glucose (HG) has been found to promote the progression of DPN pathogenesis by targeting SCs death regulation, thus revealing the specific molecular process of programmed cell death (PCD) in which SCs are disrupted is an important link to gain insight into the pathogenesis of DPN. This paper is the first to review the recent progress of HG studies on apoptosis, autophagy, pyroptosis, ferroptosis and necroptosis pathways in SCs, and points out the crosstalk between various PCDs and the related therapeutic perspectives, with the aim of providing new perspectives for a deeper understanding of the mechanisms of DPN and the exploration of effective therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijiao Wu
- Department of Endocrinology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiang Jin Wang
- School of Sports Medicine and Health, Chengdu Sports University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xi Luo
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Functional Substance of Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Jingqi Zhang
- School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xinyi Zhao
- College of lntegrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Hunan, China
| | - Qiu Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
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Nickerson DS, Yamasaki DS. Objective Evidence That Nerve Decompression Surgery Reduces Neuropathic DFU Recurrence Risk to Less than 5%. Adv Wound Care (New Rochelle) 2024; 13:363-374. [PMID: 38511527 DOI: 10.1089/wound.2023.0199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Significance: Despite 20 years of research and new treatment methods, diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) remains a common problem with frequent recurrences and complications. Recent Advances: There are reports that nerve decompression (ND) surgery has been observed to produce significantly fewer DFU recurrences than standard of care (SOC). The explanation of this apparent superiority has not been understood. Critical Issues: Microcirculation is understood to be involved in diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) and DFU. There is an underappreciation of the participation in DPN of entrapment neuropathy (EN) due to nerve swelling and impingement in fibro-osseous tunnels. Reducing c-fiber compression in EN by ND generates recovery of subepidermal capillary flow. ND studies have found improved neuromuscular function and epidermal microcirculation phenomena, including chronic capillary ischemia (CCI) and pressure-induced vasodilatation (PIV). There is no current therapy recommended for impaired microcirculation. Clinical and animal evidence has demonstrated that release of locally compressed peripheral nerves improves the epidermal microcirculation which is under sympathetic control. Future Directions: Using epineurolysis to relieve nerve compressions is a physiology-based therapeutic intervention and provides the scientific foundation clarifying how ND reduces DFU recurrence risk. Incorporating ND with current SOC treatments could improve DFU recurrence risk, hard-to-heal ulcers, neuroischemic wounds, amputation risk, and the resulting costs to society. More studies using ND for DFU, especially evidence-based medicine Level I studies, are needed to confirm these preliminary outcomes.
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7
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Yamaguchi H, Matsumura T, Sugawa H, Niimi N, Sango K, Nagai R. Glucoselysine, a unique advanced glycation end-product of the polyol pathway and its association with vascular complications in type 2 diabetes. J Biol Chem 2024; 300:107479. [PMID: 38879006 PMCID: PMC11283207 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2024.107479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2024] [Revised: 06/10/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Glucoselysine (GL) is an unique advanced glycation end-product derived from fructose. The main source of fructose in vivo is the polyol pathway, and an increase in its activity leads to diabetic complications. Here, we aimed to demonstrate that GL can serve as an indicator of the polyol pathway activity. Additionally, we propose a novel approach for detecting GL in peripheral blood samples using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry and evaluate its clinical usefulness. We successfully circumvent interference from fructoselysine, which shares the same molecular weight as GL, by performing ultrafiltration and hydrolysis without reduction, successfully generating adequate peaks for quantification in serum. Furthermore, using immortalized aldose reductase KO mouse Schwann cells, we demonstrate that GL reflects the downstream activity of the polyol pathway and that GL produced intracellularly is released into the extracellular space. Clinical studies reveal that GL levels in patients with type 2 diabetes are significantly higher than those in healthy participants, while Nδ-(5-hydro-5-methyl-4-imidazolon-2-yl)ornithine (MG-H1) levels are significantly lower. Both GL and MG-H1 show higher values among patients with vascular complications; however, GL varies more markedly than MG-H1 as well as hemoglobin A1c, fasting plasma glucose, and estimated glomerular filtration rate. Furthermore, GL remains consistently stable under various existing drug treatments for type 2 diabetes, whereas MG-H1 is impacted. To the best of our knowledge, we provide important insights in predicting diabetic complications caused by enhanced polyol pathway activity via assessment of GL levels in peripheral blood samples from patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroko Yamaguchi
- Laboratory of Food and Regulation Biology, Graduate School of Bioscience, Tokai University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Takeshi Matsumura
- Department of Metabolic Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Hikari Sugawa
- Laboratory of Food and Regulation Biology, Department of Food and Life Science, School of Agriculture, Tokai University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Naoko Niimi
- Diabetic Neuropathy Project, Department of Diseases and Infection, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazunori Sango
- Diabetic Neuropathy Project, Department of Diseases and Infection, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryoji Nagai
- Laboratory of Food and Regulation Biology, Graduate School of Bioscience, Tokai University, Kumamoto, Japan; Laboratory of Food and Regulation Biology, Department of Food and Life Science, School of Agriculture, Tokai University, Kumamoto, Japan.
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Ratan Y, Rajput A, Pareek A, Pareek A, Kaur R, Sonia S, Kumar R, Singh G. Recent Advances in Biomolecular Patho-Mechanistic Pathways behind the Development and Progression of Diabetic Neuropathy. Biomedicines 2024; 12:1390. [PMID: 39061964 PMCID: PMC11273858 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12071390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2024] [Revised: 06/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Diabetic neuropathy (DN) is a neurodegenerative disorder that is primarily characterized by distal sensory loss, reduced mobility, and foot ulcers that may potentially lead to amputation. The multifaceted etiology of DN is linked to a range of inflammatory, vascular, metabolic, and other neurodegenerative factors. Chronic inflammation, endothelial dysfunction, and oxidative stress are the three basic biological changes that contribute to the development of DN. Although our understanding of the intricacies of DN has advanced significantly over the past decade, the distinctive mechanisms underlying the condition are still poorly understood, which may be the reason behind the lack of an effective treatment and cure for DN. The present study delivers a comprehensive understanding and highlights the potential role of the several pathways and molecular mechanisms underlying the etiopathogenesis of DN. Moreover, Schwann cells and satellite glial cells, as integral factors in the pathogenesis of DN, have been enlightened. This work will motivate allied research disciplines to gain a better understanding and analysis of the current state of the biomolecular mechanisms behind the pathogenesis of DN, which will be essential to effectively address every facet of DN, from prevention to treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yashumati Ratan
- Department of Pharmacy, Banasthali Vidyapith, Banasthali 304022, Rajasthan, India; (A.R.); (A.P.); (A.P.)
| | - Aishwarya Rajput
- Department of Pharmacy, Banasthali Vidyapith, Banasthali 304022, Rajasthan, India; (A.R.); (A.P.); (A.P.)
| | - Ashutosh Pareek
- Department of Pharmacy, Banasthali Vidyapith, Banasthali 304022, Rajasthan, India; (A.R.); (A.P.); (A.P.)
| | - Aaushi Pareek
- Department of Pharmacy, Banasthali Vidyapith, Banasthali 304022, Rajasthan, India; (A.R.); (A.P.); (A.P.)
| | - Ranjeet Kaur
- Adesh Institute of Dental Sciences and Research, Bathinda 151101, Punjab, India;
| | - Sonia Sonia
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar 143005, Punjab, India;
| | - Rahul Kumar
- Baba Ragav Das Government Medical College, Gorakhpur 273013, Uttar Pradesh, India;
| | - Gurjit Singh
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607, USA
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Yasir M, Park J, Chun W. Discovery of Novel Aldose Reductase Inhibitors via the Integration of Ligand-Based and Structure-Based Virtual Screening with Experimental Validation. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:20338-20349. [PMID: 38737046 PMCID: PMC11079907 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.4c00820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
Aldose reductase plays a central role in diabetes mellitus (DM) associated complications by converting glucose to sorbitol, resulting in a harmful increase of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in various tissues, such as the heart, vasculature, neurons, eyes, and kidneys. We employed a comprehensive approach, integrating both ligand- and structure-based virtual screening followed by experimental validation. Initially, candidate compounds were extracted from extensive drug and chemical libraries using the DeepChem's GraphConvMol algorithm, leveraging its capacity for robust molecular feature representation. Subsequent refinement employed molecular docking and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, which are crucial for understanding compound-receptor interactions and dynamic behavior in a simulated physiological environment. Finally, the candidate compounds were subjected to experimental validation of their biological activity using an aldose reductase inhibitor screening kit. The comprehensive approach led to the identification of a promising compound, demonstrating significant potential as an aldose reductase inhibitor. This comprehensive approach not only yields a potential therapeutic intervention for DM-related complications but also establishes an integrated protocol for drug development, setting a new benchmark in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Yasir
- Department of Pharmacology, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinyoung Park
- Department of Pharmacology, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Wanjoo Chun
- Department of Pharmacology, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea
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10
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Rao M, Chang KC. Aldose reductase is a potential therapeutic target for neurodegeneration. Chem Biol Interact 2024; 389:110856. [PMID: 38185272 PMCID: PMC10842418 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2024.110856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
Neurodegeneration is a complex process involving various inflammatory mediators and cellular responses. Aldose reductase (AR) is a key enzyme in the polyol pathway, which converts glucose to sorbitol. Beyond its metabolic role, AR has also been found to play a significant role in modulating neuroinflammation. This review aims to provide an overview of the current knowledge regarding the involvement of AR inhibition in attenuating neuroinflammation and complications from diabetic neuropathies. Here, we review the literature regarding AR and neuropathy/neurodegeneration. We discuss the mechanisms underlying the influence of AR inhibitors on ocular inflammation, beta-amyloid-induced neurodegeneration, and optic nerve degeneration. Furthermore, potential therapeutic strategies targeting AR in neurodegeneration are explored. The understanding of AR's role in neurodegeneration may lead to the development of novel therapeutic interventions for other neuroinflammatory disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mishal Rao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Louis J. Fox Center for Vision Restoration, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Kun-Che Chang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Louis J. Fox Center for Vision Restoration, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA; Department of Neurobiology, Center of Neuroscience, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA; Department of Bioengineering, Swanson School of Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA; Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan.
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11
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Zhu J, Hu Z, Luo Y, Liu Y, Luo W, Du X, Luo Z, Hu J, Peng S. Diabetic peripheral neuropathy: pathogenetic mechanisms and treatment. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 14:1265372. [PMID: 38264279 PMCID: PMC10803883 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1265372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) refers to the development of peripheral nerve dysfunction in patients with diabetes when other causes are excluded. Diabetic distal symmetric polyneuropathy (DSPN) is the most representative form of DPN. As one of the most common complications of diabetes, its prevalence increases with the duration of diabetes. 10-15% of newly diagnosed T2DM patients have DSPN, and the prevalence can exceed 50% in patients with diabetes for more than 10 years. Bilateral limb pain, numbness, and paresthesia are the most common clinical manifestations in patients with DPN, and in severe cases, foot ulcers can occur, even leading to amputation. The etiology and pathogenesis of diabetic neuropathy are not yet completely clarified, but hyperglycemia, disorders of lipid metabolism, and abnormalities in insulin signaling pathways are currently considered to be the initiating factors for a range of pathophysiological changes in DPN. In the presence of abnormal metabolic factors, the normal structure and function of the entire peripheral nervous system are disrupted, including myelinated and unmyelinated nerve axons, perikaryon, neurovascular, and glial cells. In addition, abnormalities in the insulin signaling pathway will inhibit neural axon repair and promote apoptosis of damaged cells. Here, we will discuss recent advances in the study of DPN mechanisms, including oxidative stress pathways, mechanisms of microvascular damage, mechanisms of damage to insulin receptor signaling pathways, and other potential mechanisms associated with neuroinflammation, mitochondrial dysfunction, and cellular oxidative damage. Identifying the contributions from each pathway to neuropathy and the associations between them may help us to further explore more targeted screening and treatment interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinxi Zhu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Nanchang University, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Ziyan Hu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Nanchang University, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Yifan Luo
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Yinuo Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Wei Luo
- Department of Sports Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaohong Du
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Zhenzhong Luo
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Jialing Hu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Shengliang Peng
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
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Bhattacharjee B, Chakrovorty A, Biswas M, Samadder A, Nandi S. To Explore the Putative Molecular Targets of Diabetic Nephropathy and their Inhibition Utilizing Potential Phytocompounds. Curr Med Chem 2024; 31:3752-3790. [PMID: 37211853 DOI: 10.2174/0929867330666230519112312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This review critically addresses the putative molecular targets of Diabetic Nephropathy (DN) and screens effective phytocompounds that can be therapeutically beneficial, and highlights their mechanistic modalities of action. INTRODUCTION DN has become one of the most prevalent complications of clinical hyperglycemia, with individual-specific variations in the disease spectrum that leads to fatal consequences. Diverse etiologies involving oxidative and nitrosative stress, activation of polyol pathway, inflammasome formation, Extracellular Matrix (ECM) modifications, fibrosis, and change in dynamics of podocyte functional and mesangial cell proliferation adds up to the clinical complexity of DN. Current synthetic therapeutics lacks target-specific approach, and is associated with the development of inevitable residual toxicity and drug resistance. Phytocompounds provides a vast diversity of novel compounds that can become an alternative therapeutic approach to combat the DN. METHODS Relevant publications were searched and screened from research databases like GOOGLE SCHOLAR, PUBMED and SCISEARCH. Out of 4895 publications, the most relevant publications were selected and included in this article. RESULT This study critically reviews over 60 most promising phytochemical and provides with their molecular targets, that can be of pharmacological significance in context to current treatment and concomitant research in DN. CONCLUSION This review highlights those most promising phytocompounds that have the potential of becoming new safer naturally-sourced therapeutic candidates and demands further attention at clinical level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Banani Bhattacharjee
- Endocrinology and Reproductive Biology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Kalyani, Kalyani, 741235, West Bengal, India
| | - Arnob Chakrovorty
- Cytogenetics and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Kalyani, Kalyani, 741235, India
| | - Maharaj Biswas
- Endocrinology and Reproductive Biology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Kalyani, Kalyani, 741235, West Bengal, India
| | - Asmita Samadder
- Cytogenetics and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Kalyani, Kalyani, 741235, India
| | - Sisir Nandi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Global Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Affiliated to Uttarakhand Technical University, Kashipur, 244713, India
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Simon Machado R, Mathias K, Joaquim L, Willig de Quadros R, Petronilho F, Tezza Rezin G. From diabetic hyperglycemia to cerebrovascular Damage: A narrative review. Brain Res 2023; 1821:148611. [PMID: 37793604 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2023.148611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a globally significant disease that can lead to systemic complications, particularly vascular damage, including cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases of relevance. The physiological changes resulting from the imbalance in blood glucose levels play a crucial role in initiating vascular endothelial damage. Elevated glucose levels can also penetrate the central nervous system, triggering diabetic encephalopathy characterized by oxidative damage to brain components and activation of alternative and neurotoxic pathways. This brain damage increases the risk of ischemic stroke, a leading cause of mortality worldwide and a major cause of disability among surviving patients. The aim of this review is to highlight important pathways related to hyperglycemic damage that extend to the brain and result in vascular dysfunction, ultimately leading to the occurrence of a stroke. Understanding how diabetes mellitus contributes to the development of ischemic stroke and its impact on patient outcomes is crucial for implementing therapeutic strategies that reduce the incidence of diabetes mellitus and its complications, ultimately decreasing morbidity and mortality associated with the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard Simon Machado
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Criciuma, SC, Brazil; Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of South Santa Catarina, Tubarão, SC, Brazil.
| | - Khiany Mathias
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Criciuma, SC, Brazil
| | - Larissa Joaquim
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Criciuma, SC, Brazil
| | - Rafaella Willig de Quadros
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Criciuma, SC, Brazil
| | - Fabricia Petronilho
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Criciuma, SC, Brazil
| | - Gislaine Tezza Rezin
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of South Santa Catarina, Tubarão, SC, Brazil
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Yako H, Niimi N, Takaku S, Sango K. Advantages of omics approaches for elucidating metabolic changes in diabetic peripheral neuropathy. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1208441. [PMID: 38089620 PMCID: PMC10715313 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1208441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Various animal and cell culture models of diabetes mellitus (DM) have been established and utilized to study diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN). The divergence of metabolic abnormalities among these models makes their etiology complicated despite some similarities regarding the pathological and neurological features of DPN. Thus, this study aimed to review the omics approaches toward DPN, especially on the metabolic states in diabetic rats and mice induced by chemicals (streptozotocin and alloxan) as type 1 DM models and by genetic mutations (MKR, db/db and ob/ob) and high-fat diet as type 2 DM models. Omics approaches revealed that the pathways associated with lipid metabolism and inflammation in dorsal root ganglia and sciatic nerves were enriched and controlled in the levels of gene expression among these animal models. Additionally, these pathways were conserved in human DPN, indicating the pivotal pathogeneses of DPN. Omics approaches are beneficial tools to better understand the association of metabolic changes with morphological and functional abnormalities in DPN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideji Yako
- Diabetic Neuropathy Project, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo, Japan
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15
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Vacca V, Rossi C, Pieroni L, De Angelis F, Giacovazzo G, Cicalini I, Ciavardelli D, Pavone F, Coccurello R, Marinelli S. Sex-specific adipose tissue's dynamic role in metabolic and inflammatory response following peripheral nerve injury. iScience 2023; 26:107914. [PMID: 37817933 PMCID: PMC10561049 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.107914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Epidemiological data and research highlight increased neuropathy and chronic pain prevalence among females, spanning metabolic and normometabolic contexts, including murine models. Prior findings demonstrated diverse immune and neuroimmune responses between genders in neuropathic pain (NeP), alongside distinct protein expression in sciatic nerves. This study unveils adipose tissue's (AT) role in sex-specific NeP responses after peripheral nerve injury. Metabolic assessments, metabolomics, energy expenditure evaluations, AT proteomic analyses, and adipokine mobilization depict distinct AT reactions to nerve damage. Females exhibit altered lipolysis, fatty acid oxidation, heightened energy expenditure, and augmented steroids secretion affecting glucose and insulin metabolism. Conversely, male neuropathy prompts glycolysis, reduced energy expenditure, and lowered unsaturated fatty acid levels. Males' AT promotes regenerative molecules, oxidative stress defense, and stimulates peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPAR-γ) and adiponectin. This study underscores AT's pivotal role in regulating gender-specific inflammatory and metabolic responses to nerve injuries, shedding light on female NeP susceptibility determinants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Vacca
- National Council of Research - Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Monterotondo (RM), Italy
| | - Claudia Rossi
- Department of Innovative Technologies in Medicine and Dentistry, "G. d'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), "G. D'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Luisa Pieroni
- Departmental Faculty of Medicine, UniCamillus - Saint Camillus International University of Health Sciences, 00131 Rome, Italy
- European Center for Brain Research/Santa Lucia Foundation IRCCS, 00143 Rome, Italy
| | - Federica De Angelis
- National Council of Research - Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Monterotondo (RM), Italy
- European Center for Brain Research/Santa Lucia Foundation IRCCS, 00143 Rome, Italy
| | - Giacomo Giacovazzo
- European Center for Brain Research/Santa Lucia Foundation IRCCS, 00143 Rome, Italy
- Università degli studi di Teramo (UniTE) - Facoltà di Medicina Veterinaria, 64100 Teramo, Italy
| | - Ilaria Cicalini
- Department of Innovative Technologies in Medicine and Dentistry, "G. d'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), "G. D'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Domenico Ciavardelli
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), "G. D'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
- School of Medicine, University Kore of Enna, Enna, Italy
| | - Flaminia Pavone
- National Council of Research - Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Monterotondo (RM), Italy
| | - Roberto Coccurello
- European Center for Brain Research/Santa Lucia Foundation IRCCS, 00143 Rome, Italy
- Institute for Complex Systems (ISC), National Council of Research (CNR), 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Sara Marinelli
- National Council of Research - Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Monterotondo (RM), Italy
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Lei Y, Nie L, Long Y, Zhao D, Liu M, Wang YC, Zhang XQ, Xu MM, Liu H, Zhang JH, Yuan DZ, Yue LM. Expression of aldose reductase in mouse endometrial epithelial cells and its role in sperm capacitation. Theriogenology 2023; 209:243-250. [PMID: 37480702 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2023.06.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Revised: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/24/2023]
Abstract
The survival, motility and capacitation of sperm in the female reproductive tract are important prerequisites for fertilization. The uterus is the main location for sperm capacitation. One of the most important physiological functions of the endometrial epithelium is to create a suitable uterine environment under the regulation of ovarian hormones, to ensure sperm capacitation. The composition of uterine fluid directly affects sperm capacitation. Fructose is an important component of semen that supports sperm viability and motility. Aldose reductase, a rate-limiting enzyme in the polyol pathway, metabolizes sorbitol and fructose, thereby supplying cells with necessary energy for functional activities. Existing studies have reported the presence aldose reductase in the endometrium, leading us to hypothesize that its expression in endometrial epithelium might promote sperm capacitation by maintaining the uterine environment. Yet, the mechanism of regulation has not been clarified. In this study, we investigated the expression of aldose reductase in mouse endometrial epithelium and its potential role in sperm capacitation. We initially investigated the periodic characteristics of glucose, fructose and sorbitol in uterine fluid. We then studied the temporal and spatial characteristics of aldose reductase in the endometrial epithelium. Next, we examined the effect of aldose reductase on glucose, fructose and sorbitol in uterine fluid. Finally, we explored the effect of aldose reductase on sperm capacitation and fertilization. The results showed that glucose and fructose content in uterine fluid and the expression of aldose reductase fluctuated periodically during physiological periods. Inhibition of aldose reductase in the endometrial epithelium interfered with sperm capacitation and fertilization by reducing the fructose levels in the uterine fluid. To conclude, the aldose reductase-mediated polyol pathway in endometrial epithelial cells is essential to maintain an appropriate fructose environment in the uterine fluid for sperm capacitation and fertilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Lei
- Department of Physiology, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Li Nie
- Department of Physiology, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Yun Long
- Department of Physiology, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Dan Zhao
- Department of Physiology, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Min Liu
- Department of Physiology, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Yi-Cheng Wang
- Department of Physiology, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Xue-Qin Zhang
- Department of Physiology, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Miao-Miao Xu
- Department of Physiology, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Huan Liu
- Department of Physiology, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Jin-Hu Zhang
- Department of Physiology, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Dong-Zhi Yuan
- Department of Physiology, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| | - Li-Min Yue
- Department of Physiology, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China; Reproductive Endocrinology and Regulation Joint Laboratory, West China Second Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
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Ereqat S, Abdelhafez M, Iriqat S, Ghaleb Q, Abu Shams A, Abd Aldayem O, Ghattas M, Nasereddin A. Aldose reductase (-106) C/T gene polymorphism and associated risk factors with proliferative diabetic retinopathy in Palestine: A cross sectional study. Health Sci Rep 2023; 6:e1605. [PMID: 37818311 PMCID: PMC10560704 DOI: 10.1002/hsr2.1605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 09/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and Aims Genetic variants play a crucial role in the development of diabetic retinopathy (DR). Therefore, our study aimed to investigate the relationship between aldose reductase (ALR2) (C106T) polymorphism with proliferative DR and associated risk factors in Palestinian type 2 diabetic patients. Methods A cross sectional study was conducted at St John Eye Hospital-East Jerusalem in 2020-2021 on patients with DR. All subjects had fundus examination by ophthalmologists and classified according to the severity of retinopathy. Genomic DNA was extracted from whole blood samples and genotyped by amplicon based next generation sequencing. Results A total of 155 patients were included, of them, 103 (66.5%) were diagnosed with non-proliferative DR (NPDR) and 52 (33.5%) with proliferative DR (PDR). The PDR group had a significantly lower median age (59.5 [IQR: 13.3]) compared to the NPDR group (62 [IQR: 11.5]) (p = 0.04). Additionally, the duration of diabetes was higher in the PDR group (20 [IQR: 9]) compared to the NPDR group (15 [IQR: 10]) (p < 0.001). Conversely, the mean value of diastolic blood pressure was significantly lower in the PDR group (79.2 ± 11.1) compared to the NPDR group (83.4 ± 10.3) (p = 0.02). Logistic regression analysis, revealed that the odds for patients with dyslipidemia to develop PDR were 2.74 times higher than those with NPDR (95% CI: 1.08-6.98) (p = 0.034). Furthermore, the probability of a patient with ≥20 years of diabetes to develop PDR was seven times higher than other patients (95% CI: 1.98-27.91) (p = 0.003). The genotypes distribution of ALR2 gene and its allele frequency showed no statistical differences between the two groups (p > 0.05). Conclusions The present study showed that duration of diabetes and dyslipidemia were strong indicators for PDR progression, while ALR2 (C106T) polymorphism was not associated with severity of DR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suheir Ereqat
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of MedicineAl‐Quds UniversityJerusalemPalestine
| | - Mohammad Abdelhafez
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of MedicineAl‐Quds UniversityJerusalemPalestine
| | - Salam Iriqat
- Ocular Inflammatory Disease DepartmentSt John Eye HospitalJerusalemPalestine
| | - Qusai Ghaleb
- Ocular Inflammatory Disease DepartmentSt John Eye HospitalJerusalemPalestine
| | - Amjaad Abu Shams
- Ocular Inflammatory Disease DepartmentSt John Eye HospitalJerusalemPalestine
| | | | - Manal Ghattas
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of MedicineAl‐Quds UniversityJerusalemPalestine
| | - Abdelmajeed Nasereddin
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of MedicineAl‐Quds UniversityJerusalemPalestine
- Al‐Quds Bard CollegeAl‐Quds UniversityJerusalemPalestine
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Gao S, Rui X, Zeng X, Zhou J. EWOD Chip with Micro-Barrier Electrode for Simultaneous Enhanced Mixing during Transportation. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 23:7102. [PMID: 37631640 PMCID: PMC10459807 DOI: 10.3390/s23167102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
Digital microfluidic platforms have been extensively studied in biology. However, achieving efficient mixing of macromolecules in microscale, low Reynolds number fluids remains a major challenge. To address this challenge, this study presents a novel design solution based on dielectric electro-wetting (EWOD) by optimizing the geometry of the transport electrode. The new design integrates micro-barriers on the electrodes to generate vortex currents that promote mixing during droplet transport. This design solution requires only two activation signals, minimizing the number of pins required. The mixing performance of the new design was evaluated by analyzing the degree of mixing inside the droplet and quantifying the motion of the internal particles. In addition, the rapid mixing capability of the new platform was demonstrated by successfully mixing the sorbitol solution with the detection solution and detecting the resulting reaction products. The experimental results show that the transfer electrode with a micro-barrier enables rapid mixing of liquids with a six-fold increase in mixing efficiency, making it ideal for the development of EWOD devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shang Gao
- School of Microelectronics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China; (S.G.); (X.R.)
| | - Xichuan Rui
- School of Microelectronics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China; (S.G.); (X.R.)
- Department of Micro/Nano Electronics State Key Laboratory of Radio Frequency Heterogeneous Integration, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Xiangyu Zeng
- School of Microelectronics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China; (S.G.); (X.R.)
| | - Jia Zhou
- School of Microelectronics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China; (S.G.); (X.R.)
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Suzuki M, Kuromi H, Shindo M, Sakata N, Niimi N, Fukui K, Saitoe M, Sango K. A Drosophila model of diabetic neuropathy reveals a role of proteasome activity in the glia. iScience 2023; 26:106997. [PMID: 37378316 PMCID: PMC10291573 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.106997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) is the most common chronic, progressive complication of diabetes mellitus. The main symptom is sensory loss; the molecular mechanisms are not fully understood. We found that Drosophila fed a high-sugar diet, which induces diabetes-like phenotypes, exhibit impairment of noxious heat avoidance. The impairment of heat avoidance was associated with shrinkage of the leg neurons expressing the Drosophila transient receptor potential channel Painless. Using a candidate genetic screening approach, we identified proteasome modulator 9 as one of the modulators of impairment of heat avoidance. We further showed that proteasome inhibition in the glia reversed the impairment of noxious heat avoidance, and heat-shock proteins and endolysosomal trafficking in the glia mediated the effect of proteasome inhibition. Our results establish Drosophila as a useful system for exploring molecular mechanisms of diet-induced peripheral neuropathy and propose that the glial proteasome is one of the candidate therapeutic targets for DPN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mari Suzuki
- Diabetic Neuropathy Project, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Setagaya, Tokyo 156-8506, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kuromi
- Learning and Memory Project, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Setagaya, Tokyo 156-8506, Japan
| | - Mayumi Shindo
- Center for Basic Technology Research, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Setagaya, Tokyo 156-8506, Japan
| | - Nozomi Sakata
- Diabetic Neuropathy Project, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Setagaya, Tokyo 156-8506, Japan
- Department of Bioscience and Engineering, Shibaura Institute of Technology, Saitama 337-8570, Japan
| | - Naoko Niimi
- Diabetic Neuropathy Project, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Setagaya, Tokyo 156-8506, Japan
| | - Koji Fukui
- Department of Bioscience and Engineering, Shibaura Institute of Technology, Saitama 337-8570, Japan
| | - Minoru Saitoe
- Learning and Memory Project, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Setagaya, Tokyo 156-8506, Japan
| | - Kazunori Sango
- Diabetic Neuropathy Project, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Setagaya, Tokyo 156-8506, Japan
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Amorim M, Martins B, Fernandes R. Immune Fingerprint in Diabetes: Ocular Surface and Retinal Inflammation. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:9821. [PMID: 37372968 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24129821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes is a prevalent global health issue associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a well-known inflammatory, neurovascular complication of diabetes and a leading cause of preventable blindness in developed countries among working-age adults. However, the ocular surface components of diabetic eyes are also at risk of damage due to uncontrolled diabetes, which is often overlooked. Inflammatory changes in the corneas of diabetic patients indicate that inflammation plays a significant role in diabetic complications, much like in DR. The eye's immune privilege restricts immune and inflammatory responses, and the cornea and retina have a complex network of innate immune cells that maintain immune homeostasis. Nevertheless, low-grade inflammation in diabetes contributes to immune dysregulation. This article aims to provide an overview and discussion of how diabetes affects the ocular immune system's main components, immune-competent cells, and inflammatory mediators. By understanding these effects, potential interventions and treatments may be developed to improve the ocular health of diabetic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madania Amorim
- Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Institute of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Beatriz Martins
- Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Institute of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, 3004-531 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Rosa Fernandes
- Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Institute of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, 3004-531 Coimbra, Portugal
- Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), 3004-561 Coimbra, Portugal
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Xu Y, Hu Q, Wei Z, Ou Y, Cao Y, Zhou H, Wang M, Yu K, Liang B. Advanced polymer hydrogels that promote diabetic ulcer healing: mechanisms, classifications, and medical applications. Biomater Res 2023; 27:36. [PMID: 37101201 PMCID: PMC10134570 DOI: 10.1186/s40824-023-00379-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic ulcers (DUs) are one of the most serious complications of diabetes mellitus. The application of a functional dressing is a crucial step in DU treatment and is associated with the patient's recovery and prognosis. However, traditional dressings with a simple structure and a single function cannot meet clinical requirements. Therefore, researchers have turned their attention to advanced polymer dressings and hydrogels to solve the therapeutic bottleneck of DU treatment. Hydrogels are a class of gels with a three-dimensional network structure that have good moisturizing properties and permeability and promote autolytic debridement and material exchange. Moreover, hydrogels mimic the natural environment of the extracellular matrix, providing suitable surroundings for cell proliferation. Thus, hydrogels with different mechanical strengths and biological properties have been extensively explored as DU dressing platforms. In this review, we define different types of hydrogels and elaborate the mechanisms by which they repair DUs. Moreover, we summarize the pathological process of DUs and review various additives used for their treatment. Finally, we examine the limitations and obstacles that exist in the development of the clinically relevant applications of these appealing technologies. This review defines different types of hydrogels and carefully elaborate the mechanisms by which they repair diabetic ulcers (DUs), summarizes the pathological process of DUs, and reviews various bioactivators used for their treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yamei Xu
- Department of Pathology, College of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, 1 Yixueyuan Road, Yuzhong Distinct, Chongqing, 400016, P.R. China
- Molecular Medicine Diagnostic and Testing Center, Chongqing Medical University, 1 Yixueyuan Road, Yuzhong Distinct, Chongqing, 400016, P.R. China
| | - Qiyuan Hu
- Department of Pathology, College of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, 1 Yixueyuan Road, Yuzhong Distinct, Chongqing, 400016, P.R. China
- Molecular Medicine Diagnostic and Testing Center, Chongqing Medical University, 1 Yixueyuan Road, Yuzhong Distinct, Chongqing, 400016, P.R. China
| | - Zongyun Wei
- Department of Pathology, College of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, 1 Yixueyuan Road, Yuzhong Distinct, Chongqing, 400016, P.R. China
- Molecular Medicine Diagnostic and Testing Center, Chongqing Medical University, 1 Yixueyuan Road, Yuzhong Distinct, Chongqing, 400016, P.R. China
| | - Yi Ou
- Department of Pathology, College of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, 1 Yixueyuan Road, Yuzhong Distinct, Chongqing, 400016, P.R. China
- Molecular Medicine Diagnostic and Testing Center, Chongqing Medical University, 1 Yixueyuan Road, Yuzhong Distinct, Chongqing, 400016, P.R. China
| | - Youde Cao
- Department of Pathology, College of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, 1 Yixueyuan Road, Yuzhong Distinct, Chongqing, 400016, P.R. China
- Molecular Medicine Diagnostic and Testing Center, Chongqing Medical University, 1 Yixueyuan Road, Yuzhong Distinct, Chongqing, 400016, P.R. China
- Department of Pathology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 1 Youyi Road, Yuzhong Distinct, Chongqing, 400042, P.R. China
| | - Hang Zhou
- Department of Pathology, College of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, 1 Yixueyuan Road, Yuzhong Distinct, Chongqing, 400016, P.R. China
| | - Mengna Wang
- Department of Pathology, College of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, 1 Yixueyuan Road, Yuzhong Distinct, Chongqing, 400016, P.R. China
- Molecular Medicine Diagnostic and Testing Center, Chongqing Medical University, 1 Yixueyuan Road, Yuzhong Distinct, Chongqing, 400016, P.R. China
| | - Kexiao Yu
- Department of Orthopedics, Chongqing Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, No. 6 Panxi Seventh Branch Road, Jiangbei District, Chongqing, 400021, P.R. China.
- Institute of Ultrasound Imaging of Chongqing Medical University, 1 Yixueyuan Road, Yuzhong Distinct, Chongqing, 400016, P.R. China.
| | - Bing Liang
- Department of Pathology, College of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, 1 Yixueyuan Road, Yuzhong Distinct, Chongqing, 400016, P.R. China.
- Molecular Medicine Diagnostic and Testing Center, Chongqing Medical University, 1 Yixueyuan Road, Yuzhong Distinct, Chongqing, 400016, P.R. China.
- Department of Pathology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 1 Youyi Road, Yuzhong Distinct, Chongqing, 400042, P.R. China.
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22
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The Mechanism of Hyperglycemia-Induced Renal Cell Injury in Diabetic Nephropathy Disease: An Update. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:life13020539. [PMID: 36836895 PMCID: PMC9967500 DOI: 10.3390/life13020539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 02/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic Nephropathy (DN) is a serious complication of type I and II diabetes. It develops from the initial microproteinuria to end-stage renal failure. The main initiator for DN is chronic hyperglycemia. Hyperglycemia (HG) can stimulate the resident and non-resident renal cells to produce humoral mediators and cytokines that can lead to functional and phenotypic changes in renal cells and tissues, interference with cell growth, interacting proteins, advanced glycation end products (AGEs), etc., ultimately resulting in glomerular and tubular damage and the onset of kidney disease. Therefore, poor blood glucose control is a particularly important risk factor for the development of DN. In this paper, the types and mechanisms of DN cell damage are classified and summarized by reviewing the related literature concerning the effect of hyperglycemia on the development of DN. At the cellular level, we summarize the mechanisms and effects of renal damage by hyperglycemia. This is expected to provide therapeutic ideas and inspiration for further studies on the treatment of patients with DN.
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23
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Türkeş C, Demir Y, Biçer A, Cin GT, Gültekin MS, Beydemir Ş. Exploration of Some Bis‐Sulfide and Bis‐Sulfone Derivatives as Non‐Classical Aldose Reductase İnhibitors. ChemistrySelect 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202204350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Cüneyt Türkeş
- Department of Biochemistry Faculty of Pharmacy Erzincan Binali Yıldırım University Erzincan 24002 Turkey
| | - Yeliz Demir
- Department of Pharmacy Services Nihat Delibalta Göle Vocational High School Ardahan University Ardahan 75700 Turkey
| | - Abdullah Biçer
- The Rectorate of Bilecik Şeyh Edebali University Bilecik 11230 Turkey
| | - Günseli Turgut Cin
- Department of Chemistry Faculty of Science Akdeniz University Antalya 07058 Turkey
| | | | - Şükrü Beydemir
- The Rectorate of Bilecik Şeyh Edebali University Bilecik 11230 Turkey
- Department of Biochemistry Faculty of Pharmacy Anadolu University Eskişehir 26470 Turkey
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24
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Ishibashi F, Zha S, Kondo T, Sakamoto M, Ueno M, Fukuda T. Synthesis and structure-activity relationship study of aldose reductase inhibiting marine alkaloid lukianol A and its derivatives. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2023; 87:148-157. [PMID: 36441013 DOI: 10.1093/bbb/zbac193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Lukianol A (1a) and its six derivatives 1b-1g, in which each hydroxyl groups of 1a was individually modified, were synthesized via the common intermediate 7a, which was obtained by condensation of the styryl carbazate 10 with p-hydroxyphenylpyruvic acid and subsequent [3,3]-sigmatropic rearrangement. The synthesized lukianol derivatives were evaluated for their ability to inhibit human aldose reductase. 4'-O-methyl (1b) and 4'-dehydroxy (1g) derivatives showed the same level of inhibitory activity as 1a (IC50 2.2 µm), indicating that the 4'-OH is irrelevant for the activity. In contrast, methylation of the hydroxyl group at the 4″'-position (1d) resulted in the loss of activity at a concentration of 10 µm, and masking the hydroxyl group at the 4″-position (1e) caused a 9-fold decrease in activity compared with that of 1b, suggesting that the 4″-OH is an essential group, and the 4″'-OH is required for higher activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fumito Ishibashi
- Graduate School of Fisheries and Environmental Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-14 Bunkyo-Machi, Nagasaki, Japan.,Faculty of Fisheries, Nagasaki University, 1-14 Bunkyo-Machi, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Shijiao Zha
- School of Earth and Environment, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, China
| | - Taiyo Kondo
- Faculty of Fisheries, Nagasaki University, 1-14 Bunkyo-Machi, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Mayu Sakamoto
- Faculty of Fisheries, Nagasaki University, 1-14 Bunkyo-Machi, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Mikinori Ueno
- Graduate School of Fisheries and Environmental Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-14 Bunkyo-Machi, Nagasaki, Japan.,Faculty of Fisheries, Nagasaki University, 1-14 Bunkyo-Machi, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Fukuda
- Environmental Protection Center, Nagasaki University, 1-14 Bunkyo-Machi, Nagasaki, Japan
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25
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Abstract
Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) is the most common neuropathy in the world, mainly manifested as bilateral symmetry numbness, pain or paresthesia, with a high rate of disability and mortality. Schwann cells (SCs), derived from neural ridge cells, are the largest number of glial cells in the peripheral nervous system, and play an important role in DPN. Studies have found that SCs are closely related to the pathogenesis of DPN, such as oxidative stress, endoplasmic reticulum stress, inflammation, impaired neurotrophic support and dyslipidemia. This article reviews the mechanism of SCs in DPN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Li
- Heilongjiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
- * Correspondence: Jingjing Li, Heilongjiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 24 Heping Road, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province 150000, China (e-mail: )
| | - Ruiqian Guan
- Heilongjiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
- Second Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Limin Pan
- Heilongjiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
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26
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Zhang Z, Huang Q, Zhao D, Lian F, Li X, Qi W. The impact of oxidative stress-induced mitochondrial dysfunction on diabetic microvascular complications. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1112363. [PMID: 36824356 PMCID: PMC9941188 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1112363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disease characterized by chronic hyperglycaemia, with absolute insulin deficiency or insulin resistance as the main cause, and causes damage to various target organs including the heart, kidney and neurovascular. In terms of the pathological and physiological mechanisms of DM, oxidative stress is one of the main mechanisms leading to DM and is an important link between DM and its complications. Oxidative stress is a pathological phenomenon resulting from an imbalance between the production of free radicals and the scavenging of antioxidant systems. The main site of reactive oxygen species (ROS) production is the mitochondria, which are also the main organelles damaged. In a chronic high glucose environment, impaired electron transport chain within the mitochondria leads to the production of ROS, prompts increased proton leakage and altered mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), which in turn releases cytochrome c (cyt-c), leading to apoptosis. This subsequently leads to a vicious cycle of impaired clearance by the body's antioxidant system, impaired transcription and protein synthesis of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), which is responsible for encoding mitochondrial proteins, and impaired DNA repair systems, contributing to mitochondrial dysfunction. This paper reviews the dysfunction of mitochondria in the environment of high glucose induced oxidative stress in the DM model, and looks forward to providing a new treatment plan for oxidative stress based on mitochondrial dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziwei Zhang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Qingxia Huang
- Key Laboratory of Active Substances and Biological Mechanisms of Ginseng Efficacy, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomacromolecules of Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Education, Northeast Asia Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
- Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital to Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Daqing Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Active Substances and Biological Mechanisms of Ginseng Efficacy, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomacromolecules of Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Education, Northeast Asia Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Fengmei Lian
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
- Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Fengmei Lian, ; Xiangyan Li, ; Wenxiu Qi,
| | - Xiangyan Li
- Key Laboratory of Active Substances and Biological Mechanisms of Ginseng Efficacy, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomacromolecules of Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Education, Northeast Asia Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
- *Correspondence: Fengmei Lian, ; Xiangyan Li, ; Wenxiu Qi,
| | - Wenxiu Qi
- Key Laboratory of Active Substances and Biological Mechanisms of Ginseng Efficacy, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomacromolecules of Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Education, Northeast Asia Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
- *Correspondence: Fengmei Lian, ; Xiangyan Li, ; Wenxiu Qi,
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27
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Dewanjee S, Chakraborty P, Bhattacharya H, Chacko L, Singh B, Chaudhary A, Javvaji K, Pradhan SR, Vallamkondu J, Dey A, Kalra RS, Jha NK, Jha SK, Reddy PH, Kandimalla R. Altered glucose metabolism in Alzheimer's disease: Role of mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress. Free Radic Biol Med 2022; 193:134-157. [PMID: 36206930 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2022.09.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/06/2022]
Abstract
Increasing evidence suggests that abnormal cerebral glucose metabolism is largely present in Alzheimer's disease (AD). The brain utilizes glucose as its main energy source and a decline in its metabolism directly reflects on brain function. Weighing on recent evidence, here we systematically assessed the aberrant glucose metabolism associated with amyloid beta and phosphorylated tau accumulation in AD brain. Interlink between insulin signaling and AD highlighted the involvement of the IRS/PI3K/Akt/AMPK signaling, and GLUTs in the disease progression. While shedding light on the mitochondrial dysfunction in the defective glucose metabolism, we further assessed functional consequences of AGEs (advanced glycation end products) accumulation, polyol activation, and other contributing factors including terminal respiration, ROS (reactive oxygen species), mitochondrial permeability, PINK1/parkin defects, lysosome-mitochondrial crosstalk, and autophagy/mitophagy. Combined with the classic plaque and tangle pathologies, glucose hypometabolism with acquired insulin resistance and mitochondrial dysfunction potentiate these factors to exacerbate AD pathology. To this end, we further reviewed AD and DM (diabetes mellitus) crosstalk in disease progression. Taken together, the present work discusses the emerging role of altered glucose metabolism, contributing impact of insulin signaling, and mitochondrial dysfunction in the defective cerebral glucose utilization in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saikat Dewanjee
- Advanced Pharmacognosy Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, 700 032, West Bengal, India
| | - Pratik Chakraborty
- Advanced Pharmacognosy Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, 700 032, West Bengal, India
| | - Hiranmoy Bhattacharya
- Advanced Pharmacognosy Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, 700 032, West Bengal, India
| | - Leena Chacko
- BioAnalytical Lab, Meso Scale Discovery, 1601 Research Blvd, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Birbal Singh
- ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute (IVRI), Regional Station, Palampur, 176061, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Anupama Chaudhary
- Orinin-BioSystems, LE-52, Lotus Road 4, CHD City, Karnal, 132001, Haryana, India
| | - Kalpana Javvaji
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Uppal Road, Tarnaka, India
| | | | | | - Abhijit Dey
- Department of Life Sciences, Presidency University, Kolkata, 700073, India
| | - Rajkumar Singh Kalra
- Immune Signal Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, Okinawa, 9040495, Japan
| | - Niraj Kumar Jha
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering & Technology (SET), Sharda University, UP, 201310, India; Department of Biotechnology Engineering and Food Technology, Chandigarh University, Mohali, 140413, India; Department of Biotechnology, School of Applied & Life Sciences (SALS), Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, 248007, India
| | - Saurabh Kumar Jha
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering & Technology (SET), Sharda University, UP, 201310, India; Department of Biotechnology Engineering and Food Technology, Chandigarh University, Mohali, 140413, India; Department of Biotechnology, School of Applied & Life Sciences (SALS), Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, 248007, India
| | - P Hemachandra Reddy
- Internal Medicine Department, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA; Neuroscience & Pharmacology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA; Neurology Departments School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA; Public Health Department of Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA; Department of Speech, Language and Hearing Sciences, School Health Professions, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Ramesh Kandimalla
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Uppal Road, Tarnaka, India; Department of Biochemistry, Kakatiya Medical College, Warangal, India.
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28
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Multiprotein Inhibitory Effect of Dietary Polyphenol Rutin from Whole Green Jackfruit Flour Targeting Different Stages of Diabetes Mellitus: Defining a Bio-Computational Stratagem. SEPARATIONS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/separations9090262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The anti-diabetic potential of whole unripe jackfruit (peel with pulp, flake, and seed) was investigated using inhibitory assays for α-glucosidase, α-amylase, aldose reductase, and glycation at multiple stages. Using activity-guided repeated fractionation on a silica gel column chromatography, dietary flavonoid rutin with potent antihyperglycemic activity was extracted from the methanol extract of whole jackfruit flour (MJ). Rutin was found to inhibit both α-glucosidase (IC50: 7.86 µg/mL) and α-amylase (IC50: 22.00 µg/mL) in a competitive manner of inhibition with low Ki values. In addition, in vitro glycation experiments revealed that rutin prevented each stage of protein glycation as well as the production of intermediate molecules. Furthermore, rutin significantly inhibited aldose reductase (IC50: 2.75 µg/mL) in a non-competitive manner. During in silico studies, molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulation studies have suggested that rutin has a high binding affinity for the enzymes studied, which could explain its inhibitory effects. Rutin interacted with the key residues of the target enzymes’ inhibitor binding sites. Compared to the controls used, rutin had a higher binding efficiency as well as stability in the inhibitor binding pocket of the target enzymes. According to our findings, the presence of rutin is more likely to be associated with the potential of MJ in antihyperglycemic activity via inhibition of α-glucosidase and in anti-diabetic action via inhibition of the polyol pathway and protein glycation. The bio-computational study indicates rutin as a potential lead inhibitor of all the target enzymes used and could be used as an effective anti-diabetic drug in the near future.
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29
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Glucogallin Attenuates RAW 264.7 Cells from Arsenic Trioxide Induced Toxicity via the NF-ҡB/NLRP3 Pathway. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27165263. [PMID: 36014502 PMCID: PMC9413377 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27165263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic arsenic (As) poisoning is mostly due to subsoil water contaminated with As and its salts. Exposure to As has been found to cause an elevation in reactive oxygen species (ROS), leading to the damage of DNA and proteins, and it also causes immunotoxicity. Treatment regimens are primarily based on chelation therapy and amino acid and vitamin supplementations. Recent studies have established that natural products display effective and progressive relief from arsenicosis without any side effects. β-glucogallin (BGG), a gallo-tannin natural product, is reported to possess anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. In the present study, we aim to observe the protective role of BGG against As-induced cytotoxicity, apoptosis, mitochondrial dysfunction, and the underlying mechanisms in RAW 264.7 macrophage cells. We found that BGG alleviates As-induced ROS, apoptosis, and mitochondrial dysfunction in RAW 264.7 macrophage cells. Thus, BGG can be used therapeutically to prevent As-induced toxicity.
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30
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Sango K, Takaku S, Tsukamoto M, Niimi N, Yako H. Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists as Potential Myelination-Inducible and Anti-Demyelinating Remedies. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:950623. [PMID: 35874814 PMCID: PMC9298969 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.950623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) were developed as insulinotropic and anti-hyperglycemic agents for the treatment of type 2 diabetes, but their neurotrophic and neuroprotective activities have been receiving increasing attention. Myelin plays a key role in the functional maintenance of the central and peripheral nervous systems, and recent in vivo and in vitro studies have shed light on the beneficial effects of GLP-1RAs on the formation and protection of myelin. In this article, we describe the potential efficacy of GLP-1RAs for the induction of axonal regeneration and remyelination following nerve lesions and the prevention and alleviation of demyelinating disorders, particularly multiple sclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazunori Sango
- Diabetic Neuropathy Project, Department of Diseases and Infection, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shizuka Takaku
- Diabetic Neuropathy Project, Department of Diseases and Infection, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masami Tsukamoto
- Diabetic Neuropathy Project, Department of Diseases and Infection, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Naoko Niimi
- Diabetic Neuropathy Project, Department of Diseases and Infection, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hideji Yako
- Diabetic Neuropathy Project, Department of Diseases and Infection, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, Japan
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31
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Garg SS, Gupta J. Polyol pathway and redox balance in diabetes. Pharmacol Res 2022; 182:106326. [PMID: 35752357 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2022.106326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Revised: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes is a major public health disease that is globally approaching epidemic proportions. One of the major causes of type 2 diabetes is either a defect in insulin secretion or insulin action which is usually caused by a combination of genetic and environmental factors. Not only these factors but others such as deregulation of various pathways, and oxidative stress are also known to trigger the redox imbalance in diabetics. Increasing evidences suggest that there are tight interactions between the development of diabetes and redox imbalance. An alternate pathway of glucose metabolism, the polyol pathway, becomes active in patients with diabetes that disturbs the balance between NADH and NAD+ . The occurrence of such redox imbalance supports other pathways that lead to oxidative damage to DNA, lipids, and proteins and consequently to oxidative stress which further ascend diabetes and its complications. However, the precise mechanism through which oxidative stress regulates diabetes progression remains to be elucidated. The understanding of how antioxidants and oxidants are controlled and impact the generation of oxidative stress and progression of diabetes is essential. The main focus of this review is to provide an overview of redox imbalance caused by oxidative stress through the polyol pathway. Understanding the pathological role of oxidative stress in diabetes will help to design potential therapeutic strategies against diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sourbh Suren Garg
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India
| | - Jeena Gupta
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India.
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32
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Multiple Faces of the Glioblastoma Microenvironment. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23020595. [PMID: 35054779 PMCID: PMC8775531 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23020595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Revised: 12/31/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment is a highly dynamic accumulation of resident and infiltrating tumor cells, responsible for growth and invasion. The authors focused on the leading-edge concepts regarding the glioblastoma microenvironment. Due to the fact that the modern trend in the research and treatment of glioblastoma is represented by multiple approaches that target not only the primary tumor but also the neighboring tissue, the study of the microenvironment in the peritumoral tissue is an appealing direction for current and future therapies.
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33
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Hussein SKA, Rheima AM, Al-Kazaz FF, Mohammed SH, Kadhim MM, Al-Khateeb IKI. Nanoarchitectonics with NADPH Catalyst and Quantum Dots Copper Sulfide on Titanium Dioxide Nano-sheets Electrode for Electrochemical Biosensing of Sorbitol Detection. J Oleo Sci 2022; 71:1551-1561. [DOI: 10.5650/jos.ess22198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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34
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Jiao J, Yu H, Yao L, Li L, Yang X, Liu L. Recent Insights into the Role of Gut Microbiota in Diabetic Retinopathy. J Inflamm Res 2021; 14:6929-6938. [PMID: 34938095 PMCID: PMC8687677 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s336148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The microbiome has become a hot issue in recent years. The composition, modification, alteration, and disturbance of gut microbiota were found to influence important physiological processes, including energy metabolism and microenvironmental homeostasis, and lead to various diseases, including obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus and chronic kidney disease. Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a major microvascular complication of diabetes mellitus and one of the leading causes of blindness and vision impairment. The underlying mechanisms in DR pathogenesis remain limited. Recently, important insights have been made regarding possible connections between gut microbiome dysbiosis and ocular disease including DR, uveitis, glaucoma, and age-related macular degeneration, and the concept of a "microbiota-gut-retina axis" has been put forward. Hence, we reviewed current understanding of the relationship between DR and gut microbiota. We summarized potential pathophysiological mechanisms that contribute to the role of the gut microbiota on DR, including hyperglycemia, anti-diabetes drugs, microbial metabolites, and inflammatory properties. We aimed to find novel effective therapeutic options to prevent the onset and development of DR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinghua Jiao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Central Hospital, Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110024, People's Republic of China
| | - Honghua Yu
- Guangdong Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510120, People's Republic of China
| | - Litong Yao
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110001, People's Republic of China
| | - Lihua Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, 261031, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaohong Yang
- Guangdong Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510120, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Liu
- Guangdong Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510120, People's Republic of China
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35
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Spochacz M, Chowański S, Szymczak-Cendlak M, Marciniak P, Lelario F, Salvia R, Nardiello M, Scieuzo C, Scrano L, Bufo SA, Adamski Z, Falabella P. Solanum nigrum Extract and Solasonine Affected Hemolymph Metabolites and Ultrastructure of the Fat Body and the Midgut in Galleria mellonella. Toxins (Basel) 2021; 13:617. [PMID: 34564621 PMCID: PMC8473104 DOI: 10.3390/toxins13090617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Revised: 08/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Glycoalkaloids, secondary metabolites abundant in plants belonging to the Solanaceae family, may affect the physiology of insect pests. This paper presents original results dealing with the influence of a crude extract obtained from Solanum nigrum unripe berries and its main constituent, solasonine, on the physiology of Galleria mellonella (Lepidoptera) that can be used as an alternative bioinsecticide. G. mellonella IV instar larvae were treated with S. nigrum extract and solasonine at different concentrations. The effects of extract and solasonine were evaluated analyzing changes in carbohydrate and amino acid composition in hemolymph by RP-HPLC and in the ultrastructure of the fat body cells by TEM. Both extract and solasonine changed the level of hemolymph metabolites and the ultrastructure of the fat body and the midgut cells. In particular, the extract increased the erythritol level in the hemolymph compared to control, enlarged the intracellular space in fat body cells, and decreased cytoplasm and lipid droplets electron density. The solasonine, tested with three concentrations, caused the decrease of cytoplasm electron density in both fat body and midgut cells. Obtained results highlighted the disturbance of the midgut and the fat body due to glycoalkaloids and the potential role of hemolymph ingredients in its detoxification. These findings suggest a possible application of glycoalkaloids as a natural insecticide in the pest control of G. mellonella larvae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Spochacz
- Department of Animal Physiology and Developmental Biology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, 61-614 Poznań, Poland; (S.C.); (M.S.-C.); (P.M.); (Z.A.)
- Laboratory of Electron and Confocal Microscopy, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, 61-614 Poznań, Poland
| | - Szymon Chowański
- Department of Animal Physiology and Developmental Biology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, 61-614 Poznań, Poland; (S.C.); (M.S.-C.); (P.M.); (Z.A.)
| | - Monika Szymczak-Cendlak
- Department of Animal Physiology and Developmental Biology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, 61-614 Poznań, Poland; (S.C.); (M.S.-C.); (P.M.); (Z.A.)
| | - Paweł Marciniak
- Department of Animal Physiology and Developmental Biology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, 61-614 Poznań, Poland; (S.C.); (M.S.-C.); (P.M.); (Z.A.)
| | - Filomena Lelario
- Department of Sciences, University of Basilicata, 85100 Potenza, Italy; (F.L.); (R.S.); (M.N.); (C.S.); (L.S.); (S.A.B.); (P.F.)
| | - Rosanna Salvia
- Department of Sciences, University of Basilicata, 85100 Potenza, Italy; (F.L.); (R.S.); (M.N.); (C.S.); (L.S.); (S.A.B.); (P.F.)
| | - Marisa Nardiello
- Department of Sciences, University of Basilicata, 85100 Potenza, Italy; (F.L.); (R.S.); (M.N.); (C.S.); (L.S.); (S.A.B.); (P.F.)
| | - Carmen Scieuzo
- Department of Sciences, University of Basilicata, 85100 Potenza, Italy; (F.L.); (R.S.); (M.N.); (C.S.); (L.S.); (S.A.B.); (P.F.)
| | - Laura Scrano
- Department of Sciences, University of Basilicata, 85100 Potenza, Italy; (F.L.); (R.S.); (M.N.); (C.S.); (L.S.); (S.A.B.); (P.F.)
- Department of European Culture, University of Basilicata, 75100 Matera, Italy
| | - Sabino A. Bufo
- Department of Sciences, University of Basilicata, 85100 Potenza, Italy; (F.L.); (R.S.); (M.N.); (C.S.); (L.S.); (S.A.B.); (P.F.)
- Department of Geography, Environmental Management & Energy Studies, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg 2092, South Africa
| | - Zbigniew Adamski
- Department of Animal Physiology and Developmental Biology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, 61-614 Poznań, Poland; (S.C.); (M.S.-C.); (P.M.); (Z.A.)
- Laboratory of Electron and Confocal Microscopy, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, 61-614 Poznań, Poland
| | - Patrizia Falabella
- Department of Sciences, University of Basilicata, 85100 Potenza, Italy; (F.L.); (R.S.); (M.N.); (C.S.); (L.S.); (S.A.B.); (P.F.)
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Wang M, Zhang Z, Mi J, Wang G, Tian L, Zhao Y, Li X, Li X, Wang X. Interventional Clinical Trials on Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy: A Retrospective Analysis. J Pain Res 2021; 14:2651-2664. [PMID: 34471381 PMCID: PMC8405224 DOI: 10.2147/jpr.s320364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS/INTRODUCTION Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) is the most common complication of diabetes. At present, there is no comprehensive summary of the clinical trials related to DPN. In this article, we summarized the basic characteristics of the interventional clinical trials pertaining to DPN to determine the current status of research in this field and the existing issues. MATERIALS AND METHODS We searched the World Health Organization International Clinical Trial Registration Platform (ICTRP), PubMed and Web of Science for clinical trials from 2005 to April 2021 and extracted 149 registered and 459 published clinical trials on DPN. We summarized the characteristics of the clinical trials, including the source registration, recruitment status, stage, age group, allocation method, intervention, end point classification, funding source, and treatment. RESULTS After excluding noninterventional and nontreatment trials, 149 registered clinical trials out of 292 records from 12 registration centers and 459 published articles were included in this study. Among the registered trials, 43% had been completed, and 34.4% had been published in peer-reviewed journals. Among these trials, more than half used random allocation and blinded placebo-controlled methodologies. A total of 40.3% of the trials were multicenter studies, 63.8% of the treatments were drug therapies, and the endpoint classifications of 49% were efficacy and safety. Of the 459 published interventional clinical trials on DPN, 69.7% of the trials used drug treatments; more than half were randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trials; 94.1% had positive outcomes; 46.4% had a target size of 50; and 22.9% were multicenter. CONCLUSION This paper systematically summarizes the current status of interventional trials on DPN registered in the ICTRP and published clinical trials and provides a reference for the development of high-quality intervention strategies for DPN in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengmeng Wang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, Jilin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zepeng Zhang
- Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, Jilin, People’s Republic of China
- College of Acupuncture and Tuina, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, Jilin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jia Mi
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, Jilin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Guoqiang Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, Jilin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lulu Tian
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, Jilin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yunyun Zhao
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, Jilin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaomin Li
- Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, Jilin, People’s Republic of China
- Acupuncture and Massage Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, Jilin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiangyan Li
- Jilin Ginseng Academy, Key Laboratory of Active Substances and Biological Mechanisms of Ginseng Efficacy, Ministry of Education, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Bio-Macromolecules of Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, Jilin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiuge Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, Jilin, People’s Republic of China
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Imran A, Tariq Shehzad M, Al Adhami T, Miraz Rahman K, Hussain D, Alharthy RD, Shafiq Z, Iqbal J. Development of coumarin-thiosemicarbazone hybrids as aldose reductase inhibitors: Biological assays, molecular docking, simulation studies and ADME evaluation. Bioorg Chem 2021; 115:105164. [PMID: 34314916 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2021.105164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Revised: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The over expression of aldose reductase (ALR2) in the state of hyperglycemia causes the conversion of glucose into sorbitol and initiates polyol pathway. Accumulation of sorbitol in insulin insensitive tissue like peripheral nerves, glomerulus and eyes, induces diabetic complications like neuropathy, nephropathy and retinopathy. For the treatment of diabetic complications, the inhibition of aldose reductase (ALR2) is a promising approach. A series of coumarin-based thiosemicarbazone derivatives was synthesized as potential inhibitor of aldose reductase. Compound N-(2-fluorophenyl)-2-(1-(2-oxo-2H-chromen-3-yl)ethylidene)hydrazinecarbiothioamide (3n) was found to be the most promising inhibitor of ALR2 with an IC50 in micromolar range (2.07 µM) and high selectivity, relative to ALR1. The crystal structure of ALR2 complexed with 3n explored the types of interaction pattern which further demonstrated its high affinity. Compound 3n has excellent lead-likeness, underlined by its physicochemical parameters, and can be considered as a likely prospect for further structural optimization to get a drugable molecule.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aqeel Imran
- Center for Advanced Drug Research, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad 22060, Pakistan; Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, King's College London, 150 Stamford Street, London SE1 9NH, United Kingdom
| | | | - Taha Al Adhami
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, King's College London, 150 Stamford Street, London SE1 9NH, United Kingdom
| | - Khondaker Miraz Rahman
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, King's College London, 150 Stamford Street, London SE1 9NH, United Kingdom
| | - Dilawar Hussain
- Center for Advanced Drug Research, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad 22060, Pakistan
| | - Rima D Alharthy
- Department of Chemistry, Science and Arts College, Rabigh Campus, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zahid Shafiq
- Institute of Chemical Sciences, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60800, Pakistan.
| | - Jamshed Iqbal
- Center for Advanced Drug Research, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad 22060, Pakistan.
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