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Lightner AL, Irving PM, Lord GM, Betancourt A. Stem Cells and Stem Cell-Derived Factors for the Treatment of Inflammatory Bowel Disease with a Particular Focus on Perianal Fistulizing Disease: A Minireview on Future Perspectives. BioDrugs 2024:10.1007/s40259-024-00661-6. [PMID: 38914783 DOI: 10.1007/s40259-024-00661-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/26/2024]
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease remains a difficult disease to effectively treat, especially fistulizing Crohn's disease. Perianal fistulas in the setting of Crohn's disease remain an area of unmet need with significant morbidity in this patient population. Up to one third of Crohn's patients will have perianal fistulizing disease and current medical and surgical interventions are of limited efficacy. Thus, most patients experience significant morbidity, narcotic use, and loss of employment and end up with multiple surgical interventions. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have shown efficacy in phase 3 clinical trials, but considerable infrastructure challenges make MSCs limited with regard to scalability in clinical practice. Extracellular vesicles, being derived from MSCs and capturing the secretome functionality of MSCs, offer similar physiological utility regarding mechanism, while also providing an off the shelf regenerative medicine product that could be widely used in daily clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy L Lightner
- Surgery, Scripps Clinic, 10667 N Torrey Pines Rd, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA.
- Molecular Medicine, Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, USA.
| | - Peter M Irving
- Guy's and St Thomas' Hospital, London, UK
- King's College London, London, UK
| | | | - Aline Betancourt
- Vitabolus Inc, San Diego, CA, USA
- Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
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Ma Z, Sun Y, Yu Y, Xiao W, Xiao Z, Zhong T, Xiang X, Li Z. Extracellular vesicles containing MFGE8 from colorectal cancer facilitate macrophage efferocytosis. Cell Commun Signal 2024; 22:295. [PMID: 38802814 PMCID: PMC11131254 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-024-01669-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer (CRC) commonly exhibits tolerance to cisplatin treatment, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Within the tumor microenvironment, macrophages play a role in resisting the cytotoxic effects of chemotherapy by engaging in efferocytosis to clear apoptotic cells induced by chemotherapeutic agents. The involvement of extracellular vesicles (EVs), an intercellular communicator within the tumor microenvironment, in regulating the efferocytosis for the promotion of drug resistance has not been thoroughly investigated. METHODS We constructed GFP fluorescent-expressing CRC cell lines (including GFP-CT26 and GFP-MC38) to detect macrophage efferocytosis through flow cytometric analysis. We isolated and purified CRC-secreted EVs using a multi-step ultracentrifugation method and identified them through electron microscopy and nanoflow cytometry. Proteomic analysis was conducted to identify the protein molecules carried by CRC-EVs. MFGE8 knockout CRC cell lines were constructed using CRISPR-Cas9, and their effects were validated through in vitro and in vivo experiments using Western blotting, immunofluorescence, and flow cytometric analysis, confirming that these EVs activate the macrophage αvβ3-Src-FAK-STAT3 signaling pathway, thereby promoting efferocytosis. RESULTS In this study, we found that CRC-derived EVs (CRC-EVs) enhanced macrophage efferocytosis of cisplatin-induced apoptotic CRC cells. Analysis of The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database revealed a high expression of the efferocytosis-associated gene MFGE8 in CRC patients, suggesting a poorer prognosis. Additionally, mass spectrometry-based proteomic analysis identified a high abundance of MFGE8 protein in CRC-EVs. Utilizing CRISPR-Cas9 gene edition system, we generated MFGE8-knockout CRC cells, demonstrating that their EVs fail to upregulate macrophage efferocytosis in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, we demonstrated that MFGE8 in CRC-EVs stimulated macrophage efferocytosis by increasing the expression of αvβ3 on the cell surface, thereby activating the intracellular Src-FAK-STAT3 signaling pathway. CONCLUSIONS Therefore, this study highlighted a mechanism in CRC-EVs carrying MFGE8 activated the macrophage efferocytosis. This activation promoted the clearance of cisplatin-induced apoptotic CRC cells, contributing to CRC resistance against cisplatin. These findings provide novel insights into the potential synergistic application of chemotherapy drugs, EVs inhibitors, and efferocytosis antagonists for CRC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhixin Ma
- Scientific Research Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China
| | - Yu Sun
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Digestive Cancer Research, Digestive Diseases Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China
| | - Yang Yu
- Scientific Research Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China
| | - Wenjun Xiao
- Scientific Research Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China
| | - Zhijie Xiao
- Scientific Research Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China
| | - Tianyu Zhong
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, 341004, China
| | - Xi Xiang
- Scientific Research Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China
| | - Zhigang Li
- Scientific Research Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China.
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Active Substance Screening and Translational Research, Shenzhen, 518107, China.
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Wang J, Li J, Yin L, Wang X, Dong Y, Zhao G, Shen S, Hou Y. MSCs promote the efferocytosis of large peritoneal macrophages to eliminate ferroptotic monocytes/macrophages in the injured endometria. Stem Cell Res Ther 2024; 15:127. [PMID: 38693589 PMCID: PMC11064342 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-024-03742-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Endometria are one of the important components of the uterus, which is located in the peritoneal cavity. Endometrial injury usually leads to intrauterine adhesions (IUA), accompanied by inflammation and cell death. We previously reported that both the endometrial ferroptosis was increased and monocytes/macrophages were involved in endometrial injury of IUA. Large peritoneal macrophages (LPMs) are recently reported to migrate into the injured tissues and phagocytose dead cells to repair the tissues. We previously demonstrated that mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) had made excellent progress in the repair of endometrial injury. However, it is unclear whether MSCs regulate the LPM efferocytosis against ferroptotic monocytes/macrophages in the injured endometria. METHODS Here, endometrial injury in IUA mouse model was conducted by uterine curettage and LPS injection surgery and the samples were collected at different times to detect the changes of LPMs and ferroptotic monocytes/macrophages. We conducted LPMs depletion assay in vivo and LPMs and Erastin-induced ferroptotic THP-1 cells coculture systems in vitro to detect the LPM efferocytosis against ferroptotic monocytes/macrophages. The IUA model was treated with MSCs, and their effects on LPMs and endometrial repair were analyzed. Flow cytometry, western blotting, quantitative real-time PCR, immunohistochemical analysis, ELISA, and RNA-sequencing were performed. RESULTS We found that LPMs migrated to the injured uteri in response to the damage in early phase (3 h), and sustained to a later stage (7 days). Astonishingly, we found that ferroptotic monocytes/macrophages were significantly increased in the injured uteri since 12 h after injury. Moreover, LPMs cocultured with Erastin-induced ferroptotic THP-1 cells in vitro, efferocytosis of LPMs against ferroptotic monocytes/macrophages was emerged. The mRNA expression profiles revealed that LPM efferocytosis against ferroptotic monocytes/macrophages was an induction of glycolysis program and depended on the PPARγ-HK2 pathway. Importantly, we validated that MSCs promoted the efferocytic capability and migration of LPMs to the injured uteri via secreting stanniocalcin-1 (STC-1). CONCLUSION The data collectively demonstrated first the roles of LPMs via removal of ferroptotic monocytes/macrophages and provided a novel mechanism of MSCs in repairing the endometrial injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiali Wang
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Division of Immunology, Medical School, Nanjing University, No. 22 Hankou Rd., Gulou District, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210093, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingman Li
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Division of Immunology, Medical School, Nanjing University, No. 22 Hankou Rd., Gulou District, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210093, People's Republic of China
| | - Lijie Yin
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Division of Immunology, Medical School, Nanjing University, No. 22 Hankou Rd., Gulou District, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210093, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiuzhu Wang
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Division of Immunology, Medical School, Nanjing University, No. 22 Hankou Rd., Gulou District, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210093, People's Republic of China
| | - Yue Dong
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Division of Immunology, Medical School, Nanjing University, No. 22 Hankou Rd., Gulou District, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210093, People's Republic of China
| | - Guangfeng Zhao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Sunan Shen
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Division of Immunology, Medical School, Nanjing University, No. 22 Hankou Rd., Gulou District, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210093, People's Republic of China.
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China.
| | - Yayi Hou
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Division of Immunology, Medical School, Nanjing University, No. 22 Hankou Rd., Gulou District, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210093, People's Republic of China.
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China.
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Xiao J, Guo X, Wang Z. Crosstalk between hypoxia-inducible factor-1α and short-chain fatty acids in inflammatory bowel disease: key clues toward unraveling the mystery. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1385907. [PMID: 38605960 PMCID: PMC11007100 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1385907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024] Open
Abstract
The human intestinal tract constitutes a complex ecosystem, made up of countless gut microbiota, metabolites, and immune cells, with hypoxia being a fundamental environmental characteristic of this ecology. Under normal physiological conditions, a delicate balance exists among these complex "residents", with disruptions potentially leading to inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The core pathology of IBD features a disrupted intestinal epithelial barrier, alongside evident immune and microecological disturbances. Central to these interconnected networks is hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α), which is a key regulator in gut cells for adapting to hypoxic conditions and maintaining gut homeostasis. Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), as pivotal gut metabolites, serve as vital mediators between the host and microbiota, and significantly influence intestinal ecosystem. Recent years have seen a surge in research on the roles and therapeutic potential of HIF-1α and SCFAs in IBD independently, yet reviews on HIF-1α-mediated SCFAs regulation of IBD under hypoxic conditions are scarce. This article summarizes evidence of the interplay and regulatory relationship between SCFAs and HIF-1α in IBD, pivotal for elucidating the disease's pathogenesis and offering promising therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinyin Xiao
- Graduate School, Hunan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
- Department of Anorectal, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Xiajun Guo
- Department of Geriatric, the First People’s Hospital of Xiangtan City, Xiangtan, China
| | - Zhenquan Wang
- Department of Anorectal, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
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Choi YJ, Kim WR, Kim DH, Kim JH, Yoo JH. Human umbilical cord/placenta mesenchymal stem cell conditioned medium attenuates intestinal fibrosis in vivo and in vitro. Stem Cell Res Ther 2024; 15:69. [PMID: 38454492 PMCID: PMC10921617 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-024-03678-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A significant unmet need in inflammatory bowel disease is the lack of anti-fibrotic agents targeting intestinal fibrosis. This study aimed to investigate the anti-fibrogenic properties and mechanisms of the conditioned medium (CM) from human umbilical cord/placenta-derived mesenchymal stem cells (UC/PL-MSC-CM) in a murine intestinal fibrosis model and human primary intestinal myofibroblasts (HIMFs). METHODS UC/PL-MSC-CM was concentrated 15-fold using a 3 kDa cut-off filter. C57BL/6 mice aged 7 weeks old were randomly assigned to one of four groups: (1) control, (2) dextran sulfate sodium (DSS), (3) DSS + CM (late-phase treatment), and (4) DSS + CM (early-phase treatment). Chronic DSS colitis and intestinal fibrosis was induced by three cycles of DSS administration. One DSS cycle consisted of 7 days of oral DSS administration (1.75%, 2%, and 2.5% DSS), followed by 14 days of drinking water. UC/PL-MSC-CM was intraperitoneally administered in the late phase (from day 50, 10 times) or early phase (from day 29, 10 times) of DSS cycles. HIMFs were treated with TGF-β1 and co-treated with UC/PL-MSC-CM (10% of culture media) in the cellular model. RESULTS In the animal study, UC/PL-MSC-CM reduced submucosa/muscularis propria thickness and collagen deposition, which improved intestinal fibrosis in chronic DSS colitis. The UC/PL-MSC-CM significantly reduced the expressions of procollagen1A1 and α-smooth muscle actin, which DSS significantly elevated. The anti-fibrogenic effect was more apparent in the UC-MSC-CM or early-phase treatment model. The UC/PL-MSC-CM reduced procollagen1A1, fibronectin, and α-smooth muscle actin expression in HIMFs in the cellular model. The UC/PL-MSC-CM downregulated fibrogenesis by suppressing RhoA, MRTF-A, and SRF expression. CONCLUSIONS Human UC/PL-MSC-CM inhibits TGF-β1-induced fibrogenic activation in HIMFs by blocking the Rho/MRTF/SRF pathway and chronic DSS colitis-induced intestinal fibrosis. Thus, it may be regarded as a novel candidate for stem cell-based therapy of intestinal fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoon Jeong Choi
- Department of Gastroenterology, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University School of Medicine, 59 Yatap-ro, Bundang-gu, Seongnam, 13496, South Korea
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, CHA University School of Medicine, Seongnam, 13496, South Korea
| | - Woo Ram Kim
- Department of Surgery, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 06273, South Korea
| | - Duk Hwan Kim
- Department of Gastroenterology, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University School of Medicine, 59 Yatap-ro, Bundang-gu, Seongnam, 13496, South Korea
| | - Jee Hyun Kim
- Department of Gastroenterology, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University School of Medicine, 59 Yatap-ro, Bundang-gu, Seongnam, 13496, South Korea.
| | - Jun Hwan Yoo
- Department of Gastroenterology, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University School of Medicine, 59 Yatap-ro, Bundang-gu, Seongnam, 13496, South Korea.
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, CHA University School of Medicine, Seongnam, 13496, South Korea.
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Wong C, Stoilova I, Gazeau F, Herbeuval JP, Fourniols T. Mesenchymal stromal cell derived extracellular vesicles as a therapeutic tool: immune regulation, MSC priming, and applications to SLE. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1355845. [PMID: 38390327 PMCID: PMC10881725 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1355845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by a dysfunction of the immune system. Mesenchymal stromal cell (MSCs) derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) are nanometer-sized particles carrying a diverse range of bioactive molecules, such as proteins, miRNAs, and lipids. Despite the methodological disparities, recent works on MSC-EVs have highlighted their broad immunosuppressive effect, thus driving forwards the potential of MSC-EVs in the treatment of chronic diseases. Nonetheless, their mechanism of action is still unclear, and better understanding is needed for clinical application. Therefore, we describe in this review the diverse range of bioactive molecules mediating their immunomodulatory effect, the techniques and possibilities for enhancing their immune activity, and finally the potential application to SLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christophe Wong
- EVerZom, Paris, France
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 8601, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
- Chemistry and Biology, Modeling and Immunology for Therapy (CBMIT), Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Ivana Stoilova
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 8601, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
- Chemistry and Biology, Modeling and Immunology for Therapy (CBMIT), Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Florence Gazeau
- Matière et Systèmes Complexes (MSC) UMR CNRS 7057, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Philippe Herbeuval
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 8601, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
- Chemistry and Biology, Modeling and Immunology for Therapy (CBMIT), Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
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Miron RJ, Estrin NE, Sculean A, Zhang Y. Understanding exosomes: Part 2-Emerging leaders in regenerative medicine. Periodontol 2000 2024; 94:257-414. [PMID: 38591622 DOI: 10.1111/prd.12561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2024] [Revised: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
Exosomes are the smallest subset of extracellular signaling vesicles secreted by most cells with the ability to communicate with other tissues and cell types over long distances. Their use in regenerative medicine has gained tremendous momentum recently due to their ability to be utilized as therapeutic options for a wide array of diseases/conditions. Over 5000 publications are currently being published yearly on this topic, and this number is only expected to dramatically increase as novel therapeutic strategies continue to be developed. Today exosomes have been applied in numerous contexts including neurodegenerative disorders (Alzheimer's disease, central nervous system, depression, multiple sclerosis, Parkinson's disease, post-traumatic stress disorders, traumatic brain injury, peripheral nerve injury), damaged organs (heart, kidney, liver, stroke, myocardial infarctions, myocardial infarctions, ovaries), degenerative processes (atherosclerosis, diabetes, hematology disorders, musculoskeletal degeneration, osteoradionecrosis, respiratory disease), infectious diseases (COVID-19, hepatitis), regenerative procedures (antiaging, bone regeneration, cartilage/joint regeneration, osteoarthritis, cutaneous wounds, dental regeneration, dermatology/skin regeneration, erectile dysfunction, hair regrowth, intervertebral disc repair, spinal cord injury, vascular regeneration), and cancer therapy (breast, colorectal, gastric cancer and osteosarcomas), immune function (allergy, autoimmune disorders, immune regulation, inflammatory diseases, lupus, rheumatoid arthritis). This scoping review is a first of its kind aimed at summarizing the extensive regenerative potential of exosomes over a broad range of diseases and disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard J Miron
- Department of Periodontology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Nathan E Estrin
- Advanced PRF Education, Venice, Florida, USA
- School of Dental Medicine, Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, Florida, USA
| | - Anton Sculean
- Department of Periodontology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Yufeng Zhang
- Department of Oral Implantology, University of Wuhan, Wuhan, China
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Levy D, Solomon TJ, Jay SM. Extracellular vesicles as therapeutics for inflammation and infection. Curr Opin Biotechnol 2024; 85:103067. [PMID: 38277970 PMCID: PMC10922601 DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2024.103067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Revised: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/28/2024]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are an emergent next-generation biotechnology with broad application potential. In particular, immunomodulatory bioactivity of EVs leading to anti-inflammatory effects is well-characterized. Cell source and culture conditions are critical determinants of EV therapeutic efficacy, while augmenting EV anti-inflammatory bioactivity via diverse strategies, including RNA cargo loading and protein surface display, has proven effective. Yet, translational challenges remain. Additionally, the potential of direct antimicrobial EV functionality has only recently emerged but offers the possibility of overcoming drug-resistant bacterial and fungal infections through novel, multifactorial mechanisms. As discussed herein, these application areas are brought together by the potential for synergistic benefit from technological developments related to EV cargo loading and biomanufacturing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Levy
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, 3113 A. James Clark Hall, 8278 Paint Branch Dr., College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Talia J Solomon
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, 3113 A. James Clark Hall, 8278 Paint Branch Dr., College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Steven M Jay
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, 3113 A. James Clark Hall, 8278 Paint Branch Dr., College Park, MD 20742, USA; Program in Molecular Biology, University of Maryland, 3113 A. James Clark Hall, 8278 Paint Branch Dr., College Park, MD 20742, USA.
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Solanki S, Shah YM. Hypoxia-Induced Signaling in Gut and Liver Pathobiology. ANNUAL REVIEW OF PATHOLOGY 2024; 19:291-317. [PMID: 37832943 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-pathmechdis-051122-094743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
Oxygen (O2) is essential for cellular metabolism and biochemical reactions. When the demand for O2 exceeds the supply, hypoxia occurs. Hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) are essential to activate adaptive and survival responses following hypoxic stress. In the gut (intestines) and liver, the presence of oxygen gradients or physiologic hypoxia is necessary to maintain normal homeostasis. While physiologic hypoxia is beneficial and aids in normal functions, pathological hypoxia is harmful as it exacerbates inflammatory responses and tissue dysfunction and is a hallmark of many cancers. In this review, we discuss the role of gut and liver hypoxia-induced signaling, primarily focusing on HIFs, in the physiology and pathobiology of gut and liver diseases. Additionally, we examine the function of HIFs in various cell types during gut and liver diseases, beyond intestinal epithelial and hepatocyte HIFs. This review highlights the importance of understanding hypoxia-induced signaling in the pathogenesis of gut and liver diseases and emphasizes the potential of HIFs as therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumeet Solanki
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA;
| | - Yatrik M Shah
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA;
- University of Michigan Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
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dos Santos CC, Lopes-Pacheco M, English K, Rolandsson Enes S, Krasnodembskaya A, Rocco PRM. The MSC-EV-microRNAome: A Perspective on Therapeutic Mechanisms of Action in Sepsis and ARDS. Cells 2024; 13:122. [PMID: 38247814 PMCID: PMC10813908 DOI: 10.3390/cells13020122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) and MSC-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) have emerged as innovative therapeutic agents for the treatment of sepsis and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Although their potential remains undisputed in pre-clinical models, this has yet to be translated to the clinic. In this review, we focused on the role of microRNAs contained in MSC-derived EVs, the EV microRNAome, and their potential contribution to therapeutic mechanisms of action. The evidence that miRNA transfer in MSC-derived EVs has a role in the overall therapeutic effects is compelling. However, several questions remain regarding how to reconcile the stochiometric issue of the low copy numbers of the miRNAs present in the EV particles, how different miRNAs delivered simultaneously interact with their targets within recipient cells, and the best miRNA or combination of miRNAs to use as therapy, potency markers, and biomarkers of efficacy in the clinic. Here, we offer a molecular genetics and systems biology perspective on the function of EV microRNAs, their contribution to mechanisms of action, and their therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia C. dos Santos
- Institute of Medical Sciences and Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5B 1T8, Canada
- Keenan Center for Biomedical Research, Unity Health Toronto, St. Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, ON M5B 1T8, Canada
| | - Miquéias Lopes-Pacheco
- Biosystems & Integrative Sciences Institute, Faculty of Sciences, University of Lisbon, 1749-016 Lisbon, Portugal;
- Laboratory of Pulmonary Investigation, Carlos Chagas Filho Institute of Biophysics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil;
| | - Karen English
- Kathleen Lonsdale Institute for Human Health Research, Maynooth University, W23 F2H6 Maynooth, Ireland;
- Department of Biology, Maynooth University, W23 F2H6 Maynooth, Ireland
| | - Sara Rolandsson Enes
- Department of Experimental Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, 22184 Lund, Sweden;
| | - Anna Krasnodembskaya
- Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, Queen’s University of Belfast, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK;
| | - Patricia R. M. Rocco
- Laboratory of Pulmonary Investigation, Carlos Chagas Filho Institute of Biophysics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil;
- National Institute of Science and Technology for Regenerative Medicine, Rio de Janeiro 21941-599, Brazil
- Rio de Janeiro Innovation Network in Nanosystems for Health-NanoSaúde, Research Support Foundation of the State of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 20020-000, Brazil
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11
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Cavallero S, Dekali S, Guitard N, Théry H, Hélissey C, François S. Effects of preconditioning with TNFα and IFNγ in angiogenic potential of mesenchymal stromal cell-derived extracellular vesicles. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1291016. [PMID: 38178868 PMCID: PMC10764498 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1291016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) have demonstrated therapeutic properties both in vitro and in vivo to treat various diseases, including anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory and pro-angiogenic effects. These therapeutic effects are mediated by their secretome composed of soluble factors and extracellular vesicles (EVs). The composition of EVs reflects the molecular and functional characteristics of parental cells. MSC preconditioning can alter the composition of EVs, thereby influencing their therapeutic potential. Methods: MSCs were subjected to preconditioning with two cytokines, TNFα and IFNγ. Following 24 h of preconditioning, MSC-EVs secreted into the culture supernatant were isolated through tangential filtration. Particle concentration and size distribution were measured by nanoparticle tracking analysis, and the surface antigen expression of the EV-specific CD63 was quantified via Enzyme Linked ImmunoSorbent Assay. The angiogenic potential of MSCEVs obtained after preconditioning MSCs was assessed by the analysis of their protein composition and their influence on human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVECs) proliferation, migration, and tube-forming ability. Results: Preconditioning with TNFα and IFNγ did not influence the MSC-EV profile but did induce changes in their protein content. Indeed, the expression of pro-angiogenic proteins increased in EVs from preconditioned MSCs compared to EVs from no-preconditioned MSCs. EVs from preconditioned MSCs tend to stimulate HUVEC migration, proliferation and tubeforming ability. These observations imply the presence of a pro-angiogenic potential in EVs obtained after preconditioning of MSCs with TNFα and IFNγ. Discussion: In conclusion, it appears that the pro-angiogenic potential of EVs is enhanced through preconditioning of MSCs with TNFα and IFNγ. The use of these MSCs-EVs in therapy would circumvent the limitations of current cell-based therapies. Indeed, the therapeutic potential of MSC-EVs presents an attractive strategy for exploiting the clinical benefits of MSC therapy. For example, in the field of regenerative medicine, the exploitation of cell-free therapy using highly pro-angiogenic MSC-EVs is of great interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Cavallero
- Armed Forces Biomedical Research Institute (IRBA), Department of Biological Effects of Radiation, Radiobiology Unit, Brétigny-sur-Orge, France
| | - Samir Dekali
- Armed Forces Biomedical Research Institute (IRBA), Department of Biological Effects of Radiation, Emerging Technologies Risk Unit, Brétigny-sur-Orge, France
| | - Nathalie Guitard
- Armed Forces Biomedical Research Institute (IRBA), Department of Biological Effects of Radiation, Radiobiology Unit, Brétigny-sur-Orge, France
| | - Héléne Théry
- Armed Forces Biomedical Research Institute (IRBA), Department of Biological Effects of Radiation, Radiobiology Unit, Brétigny-sur-Orge, France
| | - Carole Hélissey
- Armed Forces Biomedical Research Institute (IRBA), Department of Biological Effects of Radiation, Radiobiology Unit, Brétigny-sur-Orge, France
- Clinical Unit Research, HIA Begin, Paris, France
| | - Sabine François
- Armed Forces Biomedical Research Institute (IRBA), Department of Biological Effects of Radiation, Radiobiology Unit, Brétigny-sur-Orge, France
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12
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Gómez-Ferrer M, Amaro-Prellezo E, Albiach-Delgado A, Ten-Domenech I, Kuligowski J, Sepúlveda P. Identification of omega-3 oxylipins in human milk-derived extracellular vesicles with pro-resolutive actions in gastrointestinal inflammation. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1293737. [PMID: 38054009 PMCID: PMC10694275 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1293737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Premature infants (PIs) are at risk of suffering necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC), and infants consuming human milk (HM) show a lower incidence than infants receiving formula. The composition of HM has been studied in depth, but the lipid content of HM-derived small extracellular vesicles (HM sEVs) remains unexplored. Identifying these molecules and their biological effects has potential for the treatment of intestinal disorders in PIs and could contribute to the development of HM-based fortified formulas. Methods We isolated HM sEVs from HM samples and analyzed their oxylipin content using liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry, which revealed the presence of anti-inflammatory oxylipins. We then examined the efficacy of a mixture of these oxylipins in combating inflammation and fibrosis, in vitro and in a murine model of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Results HM-related sEVs contained higher concentrations of oxylipins derived from docosahexaenoic acid, an omega-3 fatty acid. Three anti-inflammatory oxylipins, 14-HDHA, 17-HDHA, and 19,20-DiHDPA (ω3 OXLP), demonstrated similar efficacy to HM sEVs in preventing cell injury, inducing re-epithelialization, mitigating fibrosis, and modulating immune responses. Both ω3 OXLP and HM sEVs effectively reduced inflammation in IBD-model mice, preventing colon shortening, infiltration of inflammatory cells and tissue fibrosis. Discussion Incorporating this unique cocktail of oxylipins into fortified milk formulas might reduce the risk of NEC in PIs and also provide immunological and neurodevelopmental support.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Gómez-Ferrer
- Regenerative Medicine and Heart Transplantation Unit, Health Research Institute Hospital La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | - Elena Amaro-Prellezo
- Regenerative Medicine and Heart Transplantation Unit, Health Research Institute Hospital La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | - Abel Albiach-Delgado
- Neonatal Research Group, Health Research Institute Hospital La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | - Isabel Ten-Domenech
- Neonatal Research Group, Health Research Institute Hospital La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | - Julia Kuligowski
- Neonatal Research Group, Health Research Institute Hospital La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | - Pilar Sepúlveda
- Regenerative Medicine and Heart Transplantation Unit, Health Research Institute Hospital La Fe, Valencia, Spain
- Cardiology Service, Hospital Universitari i Politècnic La Fe, Valencia, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Pathology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
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13
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Li X, Yu M, Zhao Q, Yu Y. Prospective therapeutics for intestinal and hepatic fibrosis. Bioeng Transl Med 2023; 8:e10579. [PMID: 38023697 PMCID: PMC10658571 DOI: 10.1002/btm2.10579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 06/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Currently, there are no effective therapies for intestinal and hepatic fibrosis representing a considerable unmet need. Breakthroughs in pathogenesis have accelerated the development of anti-fibrotic therapeutics in recent years. Particularly, with the development of nanotechnology, the harsh environment of the gastrointestinal tract and inaccessible microenvironment of fibrotic lesions seem to be no longer considered a great barrier to the use of anti-fibrotic drugs. In this review, we comprehensively summarize recent preclinical and clinical studies on intestinal and hepatic fibrosis. It is found that the targets for preclinical studies on intestinal fibrosis is varied, which could be divided into molecular, cellular, and tissues level, although little clinical trials are ongoing. Liver fibrosis clinical trials have focused on improving metabolic disorders, preventing the activation and proliferation of hepatic stellate cells, promoting the degradation of collagen, and reducing inflammation and cell death. At the preclinical stage, the therapeutic strategies have focused on drug targets and delivery systems. At last, promising remedies to the current challenges are based on multi-modal synergistic and targeted delivery therapies through mesenchymal stem cells, nanotechnology, and gut-liver axis providing useful insights into anti-fibrotic strategies for clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Li
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, The First Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Drug Evaluation and Clinical Research, The First Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina
- Institute of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Mengli Yu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Fourth Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineYiwuChina
| | - Qingwei Zhao
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, The First Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Drug Evaluation and Clinical Research, The First Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina
| | - Yang Yu
- College of Pharmaceutical SciencesSouthwest UniversityChongqingChina
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14
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Ntampakis G, Pramateftakis MG, Ioannidis O, Bitsianis S, Christidis P, Symeonidis S, Koliakos G, Karakota M, Bekiari C, Tsakona A, Cheva A, Aggelopoulos S. The Role of Adipose Tissue Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Colonic Anastomosis Healing in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Experimental Study in Rats. J Clin Med 2023; 12:6336. [PMID: 37834980 PMCID: PMC10573964 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12196336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2023] [Revised: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: A surgical operation on an inflamed bowel is, diachronically, a challenge for the surgeon, especially for patients with inflammatory bowel disease. Adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stromal cells are already in use in clinical settings for their anti-inflammatory properties. The rationale of the current study was to use AdMSCs in high-risk anastomoses to monitor if they attenuate inflammation and prevent anastomotic leak. (2) Methods: a total of 4 groups of rats were subjected to a surgical transection of the large intestine and primary anastomosis. In two groups, DSS 5% was administered for 7 days prior to the procedure, to induce acute intestinal inflammation. After the anastomosis, 5 × 106 autologous AdMSCs or an acellular solution was injected locally. Macroscopic evaluation, bursting pressure, hydroxyproline, and inflammatory cytokine expression were the parameters measured on the 8th post-operative day. (3) Results: Significantly less intra-abdominal complications, higher bursting pressures, and a decrease in pro-inflammatory markers were found in the groups that received AdMSCs. No difference in VEGF expression was observed on the 8th post-operative day. (4) Conclusions: AdMSCs attenuate inflammation in cases of acutely inflamed anastomosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgios Ntampakis
- 4th Department of General Surgery, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (G.N.)
| | | | - Orestis Ioannidis
- 4th Department of General Surgery, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (G.N.)
| | - Stefanos Bitsianis
- 4th Department of General Surgery, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (G.N.)
| | - Panagiotis Christidis
- 4th Department of General Surgery, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (G.N.)
| | - Savvas Symeonidis
- 4th Department of General Surgery, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (G.N.)
| | - Georgios Koliakos
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Maria Karakota
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Chrysanthi Bekiari
- Experimental and Research Center, Papageorgiou General Hospital of Thessaloniki, 56403 Thessaloniki, Greece
- Laboratory of Anatomy and Histology, Veterinary School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Anastasia Tsakona
- Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Angeliki Cheva
- Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Stamatios Aggelopoulos
- 4th Department of General Surgery, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (G.N.)
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15
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Ortiz GGR, Zaidi NH, Saini RS, Ramirez Coronel AA, Alsandook T, Hadi Lafta M, Arias-Gonzáles JL, Amin AH, Maaliw Iii RR. The developing role of extracellular vesicles in autoimmune diseases: special attention to mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 122:110531. [PMID: 37437434 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.110531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 06/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023]
Abstract
Autoimmune diseases are complex, chronic inflammatory conditions initiated by the loss of immunological tolerance to self-antigens. Nowadays, there is no effective and useful therapy for autoimmune diseases, and the existing medications have some limitations due to their nonspecific targets and side effects. During the last few decades, it has been established that mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have immunomodulatory functions. It is proposed that MSCs can exert an important therapeutic effect on autoimmune disorders. In parallel with these findings, several investigations have shown that MSCs alleviate autoimmune diseases. Intriguingly, the results of studies have demonstrated that the effective roles of MSCs in autoimmune diseases do not depend on direct intercellular communication but on their ability to release a wide spectrum of paracrine mediators such as growth factors, cytokines and extracellular vehicles (EVs). EVs that range from 50 to 5,000 nm were produced by almost any cell type, and these nanoparticles participate in homeostasis and intercellular communication via the transfer of a broad range of biomolecules such as modulatory proteins, nucleic acids (DNA and RNA), lipids, cytokines, and metabolites. EVs derived from MSCs display the exact properties of MSCs and can be safer and more beneficial than their parent cells. In this review, we will discuss the features of MSCs and their EVs, EVs biogenesis, and their cargos, and then we will highlight the existing discoveries on the impacts of EVs from MSCs on autoimmune diseases such as multiple sclerosis, arthritis rheumatic, inflammatory bowel disease, Type 1 diabetes mellitus, systemic lupus erythematosus, autoimmune liver diseases, Sjögren syndrome, and osteoarthritis, suggesting a potential alternative for autoimmune conditions therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geovanny Genaro Reivan Ortiz
- Laboratory of Basic Psychology, Behavioral Analysis and Programmatic Development (PAD-LAB), Catholic University of Cuenca, Cuenca, Ecuador
| | - Neelam Hazoor Zaidi
- Umanand Prasad School of Medicine and Health Science, The University of Fiji, Saweni Campus, Lautoka, Fiji
| | | | | | - Tahani Alsandook
- Dentistry Department, Al-Turath University College, Baghdad, Iraq
| | | | | | - Ali H Amin
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Renato R Maaliw Iii
- College of Engineering, Southern Luzon State University, Lucban, Quezon, Philippines.
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16
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de Pedro MÁ, López E, González-Nuño FM, Pulido M, Álvarez V, Marchena AM, Preußer C, Szymański W, Pogge von Strandmann E, Graumann J, Sánchez-Margallo FM, Casado JG, Gómez-Serrano M. Menstrual blood-derived mesenchymal stromal cells: impact of preconditioning on the cargo of extracellular vesicles as potential therapeutics. Stem Cell Res Ther 2023; 14:187. [PMID: 37507751 PMCID: PMC10386225 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-023-03413-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) have been shown to exert their therapeutic effects through the secretion of broad spectrum of paracrine factors, including extracellular vesicles (EVs). Accordingly, EVs are being pursued as a promising alternative to cell-based therapies. Menstrual blood-derived stromal cells (MenSCs) are a type of MSC that, due to their immunomodulatory and regenerative properties, have emerged as an innovative source. Additionally, new strategies of cell priming may potentially alter the concentration and cargo of released EVs, leading to modification of their biological properties. In this study, we aimed to characterize the EVs released by MenSCs and compare their therapeutic potential under three different preconditioning conditions (proinflammatory stimuli, physioxia, and acute hypoxia). METHODS MenSCs were isolated from five healthy women. Following culturing to 80% confluence, MenSCs were exposed to different priming conditions: basal (21% O2), proinflammatory stimuli (IFNγ and TNFα, 21% O2), physioxia (1-2% O2), and acute hypoxia (< 1% O2) for 48-72 h. Conditioned media from MenSCs was collected after 48 h and EVs were isolated by a combination of ultra-filtration and differential centrifugation. An extensive characterization ranging from nano-flow cytometry (nFC) to quantitative high-throughput shotgun proteomics was performed. Bioinformatics analyses were used to derive hypotheses on their biological properties. RESULTS No differences in the morphology, size, or number of EVs released were detected between priming conditions. The proteome analysis associated with basal MenSC-EVs prominently revealed their immunomodulatory and regenerative capabilities. Furthermore, quantitative proteomic analysis of differentially produced MenSC-EVs provided sufficient evidence for the utility of the differential preconditioning in purpose-tailoring EVs for their therapeutic application: proinflammatory priming enhanced the anti-inflammatory, regenerative and immunomodulatory capacity in the innate response of EVs, physioxia priming also improves tissue regeneration, angiogenesis and their immunomodulatory capacity targeting on the adaptive response, while acute hypoxia priming, increased hemostasis and apoptotic processes regulation in MenSC-EVs, also by stimulating immunomodulation mainly through the adaptive response. CONCLUSIONS Priming of MenSCs under proinflammatory and hypoxic conditions affected the cargo proteome of EVs released, resulting in different therapeutic potential, and thus warrants experimental exploration with the aim to generate better-defined MSC-derived bioproducts.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Ángeles de Pedro
- Stem Cell Therapy Unit, Jesús Usón Minimally Invasive Surgery Centre, 10071, Cáceres, Spain
- RICORS-TERAV Network, ISCIII, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Esther López
- Stem Cell Therapy Unit, Jesús Usón Minimally Invasive Surgery Centre, 10071, Cáceres, Spain.
- RICORS-TERAV Network, ISCIII, 28029, Madrid, Spain.
| | | | - María Pulido
- Stem Cell Therapy Unit, Jesús Usón Minimally Invasive Surgery Centre, 10071, Cáceres, Spain
| | - Verónica Álvarez
- Stem Cell Therapy Unit, Jesús Usón Minimally Invasive Surgery Centre, 10071, Cáceres, Spain
| | - Ana María Marchena
- Stem Cell Therapy Unit, Jesús Usón Minimally Invasive Surgery Centre, 10071, Cáceres, Spain
- RICORS-TERAV Network, ISCIII, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Christian Preußer
- Institute for Tumor Immunology, Center for Tumor Biology and Immunology, Philipps University, 35043, Marburg, Germany
- Core Facility Extracellular Vesicles, Center for Tumor Biology and Immunology, Philipps University, 35043, Marburg, Germany
| | - Witold Szymański
- Institute of Translational Proteomics, Biochemical/Pharmacological Center, Philipps University, 35043, Marburg, Germany
| | - Elke Pogge von Strandmann
- Institute for Tumor Immunology, Center for Tumor Biology and Immunology, Philipps University, 35043, Marburg, Germany
- Core Facility Extracellular Vesicles, Center for Tumor Biology and Immunology, Philipps University, 35043, Marburg, Germany
| | - Johannes Graumann
- Institute of Translational Proteomics, Biochemical/Pharmacological Center, Philipps University, 35043, Marburg, Germany
| | - Francisco Miguel Sánchez-Margallo
- Stem Cell Therapy Unit, Jesús Usón Minimally Invasive Surgery Centre, 10071, Cáceres, Spain
- RICORS-TERAV Network, ISCIII, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier G Casado
- RICORS-TERAV Network, ISCIII, 28029, Madrid, Spain
- Immunology Unit, University of Extremadura, 10003, Cáceres, Spain
- Institute of Molecular Pathology Biomarkers, University of Extremadura, 10003, Cáceres, Spain
| | - María Gómez-Serrano
- Institute for Tumor Immunology, Center for Tumor Biology and Immunology, Philipps University, 35043, Marburg, Germany.
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17
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Padoan A, Musso G, Contran N, Basso D. Inflammation, Autoinflammation and Autoimmunity in Inflammatory Bowel Diseases. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2023; 45:5534-5557. [PMID: 37504266 PMCID: PMC10378236 DOI: 10.3390/cimb45070350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
In this review, the role of innate and adaptive immunity in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) is reported. In IBD, an altered innate immunity is often found, with increased Th17 and decreased Treg cells infiltrating the intestinal mucosa. An associated increase in inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-1 and TNF-α, and a decrease in anti-inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-10, concur in favoring the persistent inflammation of the gut mucosa. Autoinflammation is highlighted with insights in the role of inflammasomes, which activation by exogenous or endogenous triggers might be favored by mutations of NOD and NLRP proteins. Autoimmunity mechanisms also take place in IBD pathogenesis and in this context of a persistent immune stimulation by bacterial antigens and antigens derived from intestinal cells degradation, the adaptive immune response takes place and results in antibodies and autoantibodies production, a frequent finding in these diseases. Inflammation, autoinflammation and autoimmunity concur in altering the mucus layer and enhancing intestinal permeability, which sustains the vicious cycle of further mucosal inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Padoan
- Department of Medicine-DIMED, University of Padova, Via Giustiniani 2, 35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Giulia Musso
- Department of Medicine-DIMED, University of Padova, Via Giustiniani 2, 35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Nicole Contran
- Department of Medicine-DIMED, University of Padova, Via Giustiniani 2, 35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Daniela Basso
- Department of Medicine-DIMED, University of Padova, Via Giustiniani 2, 35128 Padova, Italy
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18
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Sun Y, Xiao W, Yu Y, Jiang Y, Xiao Z, Huang D, Zhong T, Li J, Xiang X, He Y, Li Z. Colorectal cancer-derived extracellular vesicles containing HSP70 enhance macrophage phagocytosis by up-regulating MARCO expression. Exp Cell Res 2023; 426:113565. [PMID: 36958650 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2023.113565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2023] [Indexed: 03/25/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, we have realized that extracellular vesicles (EVs) play a critical role in regulating the intercellular communication between tumor and immune cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME). Tumor-derived extracellular vesicles (TDEVs) profoundly affect the functional changes of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) and promote their M2 polarization. Meanwhile, macrophages have a strong phagocytic ability in phagocytosing apoptotic cells. Especially in the course of chemotherapy or radiotherapy, TAMs can phagocytose and remove apoptotic tumor cells, showing anti-inflammatory and pro-tumor effects. However, the underlying mechanisms by which TDEVs regulate macrophage phagocytosis of apoptotic tumor cells have not been fully elucidated. In this study, we focused on the effect of colorectal cancer-derived extracellular vesicles (CRC-EVs) on macrophages. We demonstrated that CRC-EVs enhanced macrophage phagocytosis of apoptotic CRC cells. We then determined that heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) carried in CRC-EVs was responsible for this effect by using mass spectrometry-based proteomic analysis and the CRISPR-Cas9 system. Through transcriptome sequencing of macrophages, we found that the enhanced phagocytosis of macrophages was mainly due to the up-regulation of the macrophage receptor with collagenous structure (MARCO). In addition, we confirmed that the up-regulation of MARCO was mediated by the AKT-STAT3 signaling pathway. Taken together, this study revealed a novel EVs-mediated macrophage phagocytosis mechanism involved in the clearance of apoptotic tumor cells in TME. Targeting TDEVs may have potential therapeutic applications in tumor treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Sun
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Digestive Cancer Research; Digestive Medicine Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China; Scientific Research Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China
| | - Wenjun Xiao
- Scientific Research Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China
| | - Yang Yu
- Scientific Research Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China
| | - Yuchen Jiang
- Scientific Research Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China
| | - Zhijie Xiao
- Scientific Research Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China
| | - Defa Huang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi Province, 341004, China
| | - Tianyu Zhong
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi Province, 341004, China
| | - Jiang Li
- Scientific Research Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China
| | - Xi Xiang
- Scientific Research Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China
| | - Yulong He
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Digestive Cancer Research; Digestive Medicine Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China; Scientific Research Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China.
| | - Zhigang Li
- Scientific Research Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China.
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Zhu W, Chen Q, Li Y, Wan J, Li J, Tang S. HIF-1α-Overexpressing Mesenchymal Stem Cells Attenuate Colitis by Regulating M1-like Macrophages Polarization toward M2-like Macrophages. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11030825. [PMID: 36979804 PMCID: PMC10045413 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11030825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
A modified mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) transplantation is a highly effective and precise treatment for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), with a significant curative effect. Thus, we aim to examine the efficacy of hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)–1α-overexpressing MSC (HIF-MSC) transplantation in experimental colitis and investigate the immunity regulation mechanisms of HIF-MSC through macrophages. A chronic experimental colitis mouse model was established using 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid. HIF-MSC transplantation significantly attenuated colitis in weight loss rate, disease activity index (DAI), colon length, and pathology score and effectively rebuilt the local and systemic immune balance. Macrophage depletion significantly impaired the benefits of HIF-MSCs on mice with colitis. Immunofluorescence analysis revealed that HIF-MSCs significantly decreased the number of M1-like macrophages and increased the number of M2-like macrophages in colon tissues. In vitro, co-culturing with HIF-MSCs significantly decreased the expression of pro-inflammatory factors, C-C chemokine receptor 7 (CCR-7), and inducible nitric oxide synthase (INOS) and increased the expression of anti-inflammatory factors and arginase I (Arg-1) in induced M1-like macrophages. Flow cytometry revealed that co-culturing with HIF-MSCs led to a decrease in the proportions of M1-like macrophages and an increase in that of M2-like macrophages. HIF-MSCs treatment notably upregulated the expression of downstream molecular targets of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase-γ (PI3K-γ), including HIF-1α and p-AKT/AKT in the colon tissue. A selected PI3K-γ inhibitor, IPI549, attenuated these effects, as well as the effect on M2-like macrophage polarization and inflammatory cytokines in colitis mice. In vitro, HIF-MSCs notably upregulated the expression of C/EBPβ and AKT1/AKT2, and PI3K-γ inhibition blocked this effect. Modified MSCs stably overexpressed HIF-1α, which effectively regulated macrophage polarization through PI3K-γ. HIF-MSC transplantation may be a potentially effective precision therapy for IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenya Zhu
- Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing 100039, China
- Department of Geriatrics, The Sixth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100048, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Medical Center & National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Qianqian Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100039, China
- Correspondence: (Q.C.); (J.W.)
| | - Yi Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Jun Wan
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Medical Center & National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100039, China
- Correspondence: (Q.C.); (J.W.)
| | - Jia Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Medical Center & National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Shuai Tang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Medical Center & National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100039, China
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20
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Saadh MJ, Mikhailova MV, Rasoolzadegan S, Falaki M, Akhavanfar R, Gonzáles JLA, Rigi A, Kiasari BA. Therapeutic potential of mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs)-based cell therapy for inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) therapy. Eur J Med Res 2023; 28:47. [PMID: 36707899 PMCID: PMC9881387 DOI: 10.1186/s40001-023-01008-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Recently, mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) therapy has become an emerging therapeutic modality for the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), given their immunoregulatory and pro-survival attributes. MSCs alleviate dysregulated inflammatory responses through the secretion of a myriad of anti-inflammatory mediators, such as interleukin 10 (IL-10), transforming growth factor-β (TGFβ), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), tumor necrosis factor-stimulated gene-6 (TSG-6), etc. Indeed, MSC treatment of IBD is largely carried out through local microcirculation construction, colonization and repair, and immunomodulation, thus alleviating diseases severity. The clinical therapeutic efficacy relies on to the marked secretion of various secretory molecules from viable MSCs via paracrine mechanisms that are required for gut immuno-microbiota regulation and the proliferation and differentiation of surrounding cells like intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) and intestinal stem cells (ISCs). For example, MSCs can induce IECs proliferation and upregulate the expression of tight junction (TJs)-associated protein, ensuring intestinal barrier integrity. Concerning the encouraging results derived from animal studies, various clinical trials are conducted or ongoing to address the safety and efficacy of MSCs administration in IBD patients. Although the safety and short-term efficacy of MSCs administration have been evinced, the long-term efficacy of MSCs transplantation has not yet been verified. Herein, we have emphasized the illumination of the therapeutic capacity of MSCs therapy, including naïve MSCs, preconditioned MSCs, and also MSCs-derived exosomes, to alleviate IBD severity in experimental models. Also, a brief overview of published clinical trials in IBD patients has been delivered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed J. Saadh
- grid.449114.d0000 0004 0457 5303Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Middle East University, Amman, 11831 Jordan
| | - Maria V. Mikhailova
- grid.448878.f0000 0001 2288 8774I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia
| | - Soheil Rasoolzadegan
- grid.411600.2Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mojgan Falaki
- grid.411600.2Department of Internal Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Roozbeh Akhavanfar
- grid.411036.10000 0001 1498 685XSchool of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | | | - Amir Rigi
- grid.411463.50000 0001 0706 2472Department of Nursing, Young Researchers and Elite Club, Zahedan Branch, Azad University, Zahedan, Iran
| | - Bahman Abedi Kiasari
- grid.46072.370000 0004 0612 7950Virology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, The University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
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21
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Wang Y, Song P, Wu L, Su Z, Gui X, Gao C, Zhao H, Wang Y, Li Z, Cen Y, Pan B, Zhang Z, Zhou C. In situ photo-crosslinked adhesive hydrogel loaded with mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles promotes diabetic wound healing. J Mater Chem B 2023; 11:837-851. [PMID: 36594635 DOI: 10.1039/d2tb02371g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
The delayed healing of diabetic wounds is directly affected by the disturbance of wound microenvironment, resulting from persistent inflammation, insufficient angiogenesis, and impaired cell functions. Mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles (MSC-EVs) showed considerable therapeutic potential in diabetic wound healing. However, the low retention rate of MSC-EVs at wound sites hampers their efficacy. For skin wounds exposed to the outer environment, using a hydrogel with tissue adhesiveness under a moist wound condition is a promising strategy for wound healing. In this study, we modified methacryloyl-modified gelatin (GelMA) hydrogel with catechol motifs of dopamine to fabricate a GelMA-dopamine hydrogel. EVs isolated from MSCs were applied in the synthesized GelMA-dopamine hydrogel to prepare a GelMA-dopamine-EV hydrogel. The results demonstrated that the newly formed GelMA-dopamine hydrogel possessed improved properties of softness, adhesiveness, and absorptive capacity, as well as high biocompatibility in the working concentration (15% w/v). In addition, MSC-EVs were verified to promote cell migration and angiogenesis in vitro. In the skin wound model of diabetic rats, the GelMA-dopamine-EV hydrogel exerted prominent wound healing efficacy estimated by collagen deposition, skin appendage regeneration, and the expression of IL-6, CD31, and TGF-β. In conclusion, this combination of MSC-EVs and the modified hydrogel not only accelerates wound closure but also promotes skin structure normalization by rescuing the homeostasis of the healing microenvironment of diabetic wounds, which provides a potential approach for the treatment of diabetic wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixi Wang
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, West China School of Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| | - Ping Song
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, China. .,College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, China
| | - Lina Wu
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, China. .,College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, China
| | - Zixuan Su
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, China. .,College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, China
| | - Xingyu Gui
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, China. .,College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, China
| | - Canyu Gao
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, China. .,College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, China
| | - Hanxing Zhao
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, West China School of Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| | - Yudong Wang
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, West China School of Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| | - Zhengyong Li
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, West China School of Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| | - Ying Cen
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, West China School of Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| | - Bo Pan
- Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100144, China
| | - Zhenyu Zhang
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, West China School of Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| | - Changchun Zhou
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, China. .,College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, China
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22
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Pretreated Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Their Secretome: Enhanced Immunotherapeutic Strategies. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24021277. [PMID: 36674790 PMCID: PMC9864323 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24021277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 12/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) with self-renewing, multilineage differentiation and immunomodulatory properties, have been extensively studied in the field of regenerative medicine and proved to have significant therapeutic potential in many different pathological conditions. The role of MSCs mainly depends on their paracrine components, namely secretome. However, the components of MSC-derived secretome are not constant and are affected by the stimulation MSCs are exposed to. Therefore, the content and composition of secretome can be regulated by the pretreatment of MSCs. We summarize the effects of different pretreatments on MSCs and their secretome, focusing on their immunomodulatory properties, in order to provide new insights for the therapeutic application of MSCs and their secretome in inflammatory immune diseases.
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23
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Wang C, Xu M, Fan Q, Li C, Zhou X. Therapeutic potential of exosome-based personalized delivery platform in chronic inflammatory diseases. Asian J Pharm Sci 2023; 18:100772. [PMID: 36896446 PMCID: PMC9989662 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajps.2022.100772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
In the inflammatory microenvironment, there are numerous exosomes secreted by immune cells (Macrophages, neutrophils, dendritic cells), mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and platelets as intercellular communicators, which participate in the regulation of inflammation by modulating gene expression and releasing anti-inflammatory factors. Due to their good biocompatibility, accurate targeting, low toxicity and immunogenicity, these exosomes are able to selectively deliver therapeutic drugs to the site of inflammation through interactions between their surface-antibody or modified ligand with cell surface receptors. Therefore, the role of exosome-based biomimetic delivery strategies in inflammatory diseases has attracted increasing attention. Here we review current knowledge and techniques for exosome identification, isolation, modification and drug loading. More importantly, we highlight progress in using exosomes to treat chronic inflammatory diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA), osteoarthritis (OA), atherosclerosis (AS), and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Finally, we also discuss their potential and challenges as anti-inflammatory drug carriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenglong Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Maochang Xu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Qingze Fan
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Chunhong Li
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Xiangyu Zhou
- Department of Thyroid and Vascular Surgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
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24
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Lv K, Wang Y, Lou P, Liu S, Zhou P, Yang L, Lu Y, Cheng J, Liu J. Extracellular vesicles as advanced therapeutics for the resolution of organ fibrosis: Current progress and future perspectives. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1042983. [PMCID: PMC9630482 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1042983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Organ fibrosis is a serious health challenge worldwide, and its global incidence and medical burden are increasing dramatically each year. Fibrosis can occur in nearly all major organs and ultimately lead to organ dysfunction. However, current clinical treatments cannot slow or reverse the progression of fibrosis to end-stage organ failure, and thus advanced anti-fibrotic therapeutics are urgently needed. As a type of naturally derived nanovesicle, native extracellular vesicles (EVs) from multiple cell types (e.g., stem cells, immune cells, and tissue cells) have been shown to alleviate organ fibrosis in many preclinical models through multiple effective mechanisms, such as anti-inflammation, pro-angiogenesis, inactivation of myofibroblasts, and fibrinolysis of ECM components. Moreover, the therapeutic potency of native EVs can be further enhanced by multiple engineering strategies, such as genetic modifications, preconditionings, therapeutic reagent-loadings, and combination with functional biomaterials. In this review, we briefly introduce the pathology and current clinical treatments of organ fibrosis, discuss EV biology and production strategies, and particularly focus on important studies using native or engineered EVs as interventions to attenuate tissue fibrosis. This review provides insights into the development and translation of EV-based nanotherapies into clinical applications in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Lv
- National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yizhuo Wang
- National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Peng Lou
- National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Shuyun Liu
- National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Pingya Zhou
- National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Li Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Sichuan University-University of Oxford Huaxi Joint Centre for Gastrointestinal Cancer, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yanrong Lu
- National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jingqiu Cheng
- National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jingping Liu
- National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Jingping Liu,
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25
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Ontoria-Oviedo I, Amaro-Prellezo E, Castellano D, Venegas-Venegas E, González-Santos F, Ruiz-Saurí A, Pelacho B, Prósper F, Pérez del Caz MD, Sepúlveda P. Topical Administration of a Marine Oil Rich in Pro-Resolving Lipid Mediators Accelerates Wound Healing in Diabetic db/db Mice through Angiogenesis and Macrophage Polarization. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23179918. [PMID: 36077316 PMCID: PMC9456080 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23179918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Revised: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Impaired wound healing in patients with type 2 diabetes (DM2) is characterized by chronic inflammation, which delays wound closure. Specialized pro-resolving lipid mediators (SPMs) are bioactive molecules produced from essential polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), principally omega-3 docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA). SPMs are potent regulators of inflammation and have been used to suppress chronic inflammation in peripheral artery disease, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, and central nervous system syndromes. LIPINOVA® is a commercially available safe-grade nutritional supplement made from a fractionated marine lipid concentrate derived from anchovy and sardine oil that is rich in SPMs and EPA, as well as DHA precursors. Here, we assessed the effect of LIPINOVA® in wound dressing applications. LIPINOVA® showed biocompatibility with keratinocytes and fibroblasts, reduced the abundance of pro-inflammatory macrophages (Mφ1), and promoted in vitro wound closure. Daily application of the marine oil to open wounds made by punch biopsy in db/db mice promoted wound closure by accelerating the resolution of inflammation, inducing neoangiogenesis and Mφ1/Mφ2 macrophage polarization. In conclusion, LIPINOVA® displays pro-resolutive properties and could be exploited as a therapeutic agent for the treatment of diabetic ulcers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imelda Ontoria-Oviedo
- Regenerative Medicine and Heart Transplantation Unit, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain
| | - Elena Amaro-Prellezo
- Regenerative Medicine and Heart Transplantation Unit, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain
| | - Delia Castellano
- Regenerative Medicine and Heart Transplantation Unit, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain
| | | | | | - Amparo Ruiz-Saurí
- Departamento de Patología, Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria INCLIVA, Universitat de Valencia, 46026 Valencia, Spain
| | - Beatriz Pelacho
- Regenerative Medicine Department, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Felipe Prósper
- Regenerative Medicine Department, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- Departamento de Hematología y Terapia Celular, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - María Dolores Pérez del Caz
- Regenerative Medicine and Heart Transplantation Unit, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain
| | - Pilar Sepúlveda
- Regenerative Medicine and Heart Transplantation Unit, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain
- CIBERCV, Carlos III Institute of Health, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence: or ; Tel.: +34-96-1246635
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26
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Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells derived extracellular vesicles regulate acquired immune response of lupus mouse in vitro. Sci Rep 2022; 12:13101. [PMID: 35908050 PMCID: PMC9338971 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-17331-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease involving multiple systems. Immunopathology believes that abnormal T cell function and excessive production of autoantibodies by B cells are involved in multi-organ damage. Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hUCMSCs) therapies have endowed with promise in SLE, while the function of MSC-derived extracellular vesicles (MSC-EVs) was still unclear. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are subcellular components secreted by a paracellular mechanism and are essentially a group of nanoparticles. EVs play a vital role in cell-to-cell communication by acting as biological transporters. New evidence has shown beneficial effects of MSC-EVs on autoimmune diseases, such as their immunomodulatory properties. In this study, we investigated whether hUCMSCs derived extracellular vesicles (hUCMSC-EVs) could regulate abnormal immune responses of T cells or B cells in SLE. We isolated splenic mononuclear cells from MRL/lpr mice, a classical animal model of SLE. PBS (Phosphate-buffered saline), 2 × 105 hUCMSCs, 25 µg/ml hUCMSC-EVs, 50 µg/ml hUCMSC-EVs were co-cultured with 2 × 106 activated splenic mononuclear cells for 3 days in vitro, respectively. The proportions of CD4+ T cell subsets, B cells and the concentrations of cytokines were detected. Both hUCMSCs and hUCMSC-EVs inhibited CD4+ T cells, increased the production of T helper (Th)17 cells, promoted the production of interleukin (IL)-17 and transforming growth factor beta1 (TGF-β1) (P < 0.05), although they had no significant effects on Th1, Th2, T follicular helper (Tfh), regulatory T (Treg) cells and IL-10 (P > 0.05); only hUCMSCs inhibited CD19+ B cells, promoted the production of interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) and IL-4 (P < 0.05). hUCMSCs exert immunoregulatory effects on SLE at least partially through hUCMSC-EVs in vitro, therefore, hUCMSC-EVs play novel and potential regulator roles in SLE.
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27
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Huldani H, Abdalkareem Jasim S, Olegovich Bokov D, Abdelbasset WK, Nader Shalaby M, Thangavelu L, Margiana R, Qasim MT. Application of extracellular vesicles derived from mesenchymal stem cells as potential therapeutic tools in autoimmune and rheumatic diseases. Int Immunopharmacol 2022; 106:108634. [PMID: 35193053 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.108634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2022] [Revised: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been proven to have superior potential to be used astherapeutic candidates in various disorders. Nevertheless, the clinical application of these cells have been restricted because of their tumorigenic properties. Increasing evidence has established that the valuable impacts of MSCs are mainly attributable to the paracrine factors including extracellular vesicles (EVs). EVs are nanosized double-layer phospholipid membrane vesicles contain various proteins, lipids and miRNAs which mediate cell-to-cell communications. Due to their inferior immunogenicity and tumorigenicity, as well as easier management, EVs have drawn attention as potential cell-free replacement therapy to MSCs. For that reason, herein, we reviewed the recent findings of researches on different MSC-EVs and their effectiveness in the treatment of several autoimmune and rheumatic diseases including multiple sclerosis, inflammatory bowel disease, rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, osteoporosis, and systemic lupus erythematosus as well as Sjogren's syndrome, systemic sclerosis and other autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huldani Huldani
- Department of Physiology, Lambung Mangkurat University, Banjarmasin, South Borneo, Indonesia.
| | - Saade Abdalkareem Jasim
- Medical Laboratory Techniques Department, Al-maarif University College, Al-anbar-Ramadi, Iraq
| | - Dmitry Olegovich Bokov
- Institute of Pharmacy, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 8 Trubetskaya St., bldg. 2, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation; Laboratory of Food Chemistry, Federal Research Center of Nutrition, Biotechnology and Food Safety, 2/14 Ustyinsky pr., Moscow 109240, Russian Federation
| | - Walid Kamal Abdelbasset
- Department of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al Kharj, Saudi Arabia; Department of Physical Therapy, Kasr Al-Aini Hospital, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Mohammed Nader Shalaby
- Biological Sciences and Sports Health Department, Faculty of Physical Education, Suez Canal University, Egypt
| | - Lakshmi Thangavelu
- Department of Pharmacology, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Science, Saveetha University, Chennai, India
| | - Ria Margiana
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia; Master's Programme Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia; Andrology Program, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia; Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Maytham T Qasim
- Department of Anesthesia, College of Health and Medical Technology, Al-Ayen University, Thi-Qar, Iraq
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28
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Huldani H, Abdalkareem Jasim S, Olegovich Bokov D, Abdelbasset WK, Nader Shalaby M, Thangavelu L, Margiana R, Qasim MT. Application of extracellular vesicles derived from mesenchymal stem cells as potential therapeutic tools in autoimmune and rheumatic diseases. Int Immunopharmacol 2022. [DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.intimp.2022.108634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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29
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Tackling the effects of extracellular vesicles in fibrosis. Eur J Cell Biol 2022; 101:151221. [PMID: 35405464 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejcb.2022.151221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Revised: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Fibrosis is a physiological process of tissue repair that turns into pathological when becomes chronic, damaging the functional structure of the tissue. In this review we outline the current status of extracellular vesicles as modulators of the fibrotic process at different levels. In adipose tissue, extracellular vesicles mediate the intercellular communication not only between adipocytes, but also between adipocytes and other cells of the stromal vascular fraction. Thus, they could be altering essential processes for the functionality of adipose tissue, such as adipocyte hypertrophy/hyperplasia, tissue plasticity, adipogenesis and/or inflammation, and ultimately trigger fibrosis. This process is particularly important in obesity, and may eventually, influence the development of obesity-associated alterations. In this regard, obesity is now recognized as an independent risk factor for the development of chronic kidney disease, although the role of extracellular vesicles in this connection has not been explored so far. Nonetheless, the role of extracellular vesicles in the onset and progression of renal fibrosis has been highlighted due to the critical role of fibrosis as a common feature of kidney diseases. In fact, the content of extracellular vesicles disturbs cellular signaling cascades involved in fibrosis in virtually all types of renal cells. What is certain is that the study of extracellular vesicles is complex, as their isolation and manipulation is still difficult to reproduce, which complicates the overview of their physiopathological effects. Nevertheless, new strategies have been developed to exploit the potential of extracellular vesicles and their cargo, both as biomarkers and as therapeutic tools to prevent the progression of fibrosis towards an irreversible event.
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30
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Wang Y, Huang B, Jin T, Ocansey DKW, Jiang J, Mao F. Intestinal Fibrosis in Inflammatory Bowel Disease and the Prospects of Mesenchymal Stem Cell Therapy. Front Immunol 2022; 13:835005. [PMID: 35370998 PMCID: PMC8971815 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.835005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Intestinal fibrosis is an important complication of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). In the course of the development of fibrosis, certain parts of the intestine become narrowed, significantly destroying the structure and function of the intestine and affecting the quality of life of patients. Chronic inflammation is an important initiating factor of fibrosis. Unfortunately, the existing anti-inflammatory drugs cannot effectively prevent and alleviate fibrosis, and there is no effective anti-fibrotic drug, which makes surgical treatment the mainstream treatment for intestinal fibrosis and stenosis. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are capable of tissue regeneration and repair through their self-differentiation, secretion of cytokines, and secretion of extracellular vesicles. MSCs have been shown to play an important therapeutic role in the fibrosis of many organs. However, the role of MSC in intestinal fibrosis largely remained unexplored. This review summarizes the mechanism of intestinal fibrosis, including the role of immune cells, TGF-β, and the gut microbiome and metabolites. Available treatment options for fibrosis, particularly, MSCs are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifei Wang
- Aoyang Institute of Cancer, Affiliated Aoyang Hospital of Jiangsu University, Suzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine of Jiangsu Province, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Bin Huang
- Aoyang Institute of Cancer, Affiliated Aoyang Hospital of Jiangsu University, Suzhou, China
- General Surgery Department, Affiliated Aoyang Hospital of Jiangsu University, Suzhou, China
| | - Tao Jin
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Endoscopy, The Affiliated Yixing Hospital of Jiangsu University, Yixing, China
| | - Dickson Kofi Wiredu Ocansey
- Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine of Jiangsu Province, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
- Directorate of University Health Services, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana
| | - Jiajia Jiang
- Aoyang Institute of Cancer, Affiliated Aoyang Hospital of Jiangsu University, Suzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine of Jiangsu Province, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
- *Correspondence: Jiajia Jiang, ; Fei Mao,
| | - Fei Mao
- Aoyang Institute of Cancer, Affiliated Aoyang Hospital of Jiangsu University, Suzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine of Jiangsu Province, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
- *Correspondence: Jiajia Jiang, ; Fei Mao,
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Gauthier BR, Cobo-Vuilleumier N, López-Noriega L. Roles of extracellular vesicles associated non-coding RNAs in Diabetes Mellitus. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:1057407. [PMID: 36619588 PMCID: PMC9814720 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.1057407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs), especially exosomes (50 to 150 nm), have been shown to play important roles in a wide range of physiological and pathological processes, including metabolic diseases such as Diabetes Mellitus (DM). In the last decade, several studies have demonstrated how EVs are involved in cell-to-cell communication. EVs are enriched in proteins, mRNAs and non-coding RNAs (miRNAs, long non-coding RNAs and circRNAS, among others) which are transferred to recipient cells and may have a profound impact in either their survival or functionality. Several studies have pointed out the contribution of exosomal miRNAs, such as miR-l42-3p and miR-26, in the development of Type 1 and Type 2 DM (T1DM and T2DM), respectively. In addition, some miRNA families such as miR-let7 and miR-29 found in exosomes have been associated with both types of diabetes, suggesting that they share common etiological features. The knowledge about the role of exosomal long non-coding RNAs in this group of diseases is more immature, but the exosomal lncRNA MALAT1 has been found to be elevated in the plasma of individuals with T2DM, while more than 169 lncRNAs were reported to be differentially expressed between healthy donors and people with T1DM. Here, we review the current knowledge about exosomal non-coding RNAs in DM and discuss their potential as novel biomarkers and possible therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benoit R. Gauthier
- Andalusian Center for Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine-CABIMER, Junta de Andalucía-University of Pablo de Olavide-University of Seville-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Seville, Spain
- Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabolicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Madrid, Spain
- *Correspondence: Benoit R. Gauthier, ; Livia López-Noriega,
| | - Nadia Cobo-Vuilleumier
- Andalusian Center for Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine-CABIMER, Junta de Andalucía-University of Pablo de Olavide-University of Seville-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Seville, Spain
| | - Livia López-Noriega
- Andalusian Center for Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine-CABIMER, Junta de Andalucía-University of Pablo de Olavide-University of Seville-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Seville, Spain
- *Correspondence: Benoit R. Gauthier, ; Livia López-Noriega,
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