1
|
Erratt KJ, Freeman EC. Cyanobacteria in the Anthropocene: Synanthropism forged in an era of global change. WATER ENVIRONMENT RESEARCH : A RESEARCH PUBLICATION OF THE WATER ENVIRONMENT FEDERATION 2024; 96:e11066. [PMID: 39031717 DOI: 10.1002/wer.11066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Revised: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 07/22/2024]
Abstract
The Anthropocene has driven a transformative era where human activities exert unprecedented influence on Earth's biosphere. Consequently, synanthropic organisms, adept at thriving in human-modified environments, have emerged. While well studied in terrestrial ecosystems, the presence and ecological importance of synanthropic species in aquatic ecosystems, specifically among cyanobacteria, are less understood. Cyanobacteria blooms, notorious for their detrimental effects on ecosystems and human health, are increasing in frequency and intensity globally. In this perspective, we explore the evidence supporting this rise of cyanobacteria blooms, emphasizing the roles of human-induced eutrophication and climate change on select cyanobacteria genera. Cyanobacteria are not a monolith, with certain genera showing an observable increase within anthropogenically modified environments. We propose the establishment of a new sub-branch of phycology that explicitly investigates the ecology and physiology of synanthropic cyanobacteria. Understanding the intricate interactions between synanthropic species and human populations is imperative for managing human-altered ecosystems and conserving freshwater resources, particularly in the face of increasing global water insecurity. PRACTITIONER POINTS: The rise in cyanobacteria blooms is driven by a small subset of human-adapted genera-synanthropic cyanobacteria. Research is needed to characterize synanthropic cyanobacteria, which will aid in developing tailored management approaches. A paradigm shift from domesticating to "rewilding" landscapes and modifying behaviors to facilitate cohabitation are solutions to reducing risks.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kevin J Erratt
- Department of Physical and Environmental Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Erika C Freeman
- Ecosystems and Global Change Group, Department of Plant Sciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Aquatic Ecology, Eawag: Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Dübendorf, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Biessy L, Pearman JK, Mertens KN, Réveillon D, Savar V, Hess P, Hampton H, Thompson L, Lebrun L, Terre-Terrillon A, Smith KF. Sudden peak in tetrodotoxin in French oysters during the summer of 2021: Source investigation using microscopy, metabarcoding and droplet digital PCR. Toxicon 2024; 243:107721. [PMID: 38636612 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2024.107721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Revised: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
Tetrodotoxin (TTX) is a potent neurotoxin causing human intoxications from contaminated seafood worldwide and is of emerging concern in Europe. Shellfish have been shown to contain varying TTX concentrations globally, with concentrations typically higher in Pacific oysters Crassostrea gigas in Europe. Despite many decades of research, the source of TTX remains unknown, with bacterial or algal origins having been suggested. The aim of this study was to identify potential source organisms causing TTX contamination in Pacific oysters in French coastal waters, using three different techniques. Oysters were deployed in cages from April to September 2021 in an estuary where TTX was previously detected. Microscopic analyses of water samples were used to investigate potential microalgal blooms present prior or during the peak in TTX. Differences in the bacterial communities from oyster digestive glands (DG) and remaining flesh were explored using metabarcoding, and lastly, droplet digital PCR assays were developed to investigate the presence of Cephalothrix sp., one European TTX-bearing species in the DG of toxic C. gigas. Oysters analysed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry contained quantifiable levels of TTX over a three-week period (24 June-15 July 2021), with concentrations decreasing in the DG from 424 μg/kg for the first detection to 101 μg/kg (equivalent to 74 to 17 μg/kg of total flesh), and trace levels being detected until August 13, 2021. These concentrations are the first report of the European TTX guidance levels being exceeded in French shellfish. Microscopy revealed that some microalgae bloomed during the TTX peak, (e.g., Chaetoceros spp., reaching 40,000 cells/L). Prokaryotic metabarcoding showed increases in abundance of Rubritaleaceae (genus Persicirhabdus) and Neolyngbya, before and during the TTX peak. Both phyla have previously been described as possible TTX-producers and should be investigated further. Droplet digital PCR analyses were negative for the targeted TTX-bearing genus Cephalothrix.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Biessy
- Cawthron Institute, Private Bag 2, Nelson, 7010, New Zealand.
| | - John K Pearman
- Cawthron Institute, Private Bag 2, Nelson, 7010, New Zealand
| | - Kenneth Neil Mertens
- Ifremer, LITTORAL Unit, Place de la Croix, BP40537, 29900, Concarneau CEDEX, France
| | | | | | | | - Hannah Hampton
- Cawthron Institute, Private Bag 2, Nelson, 7010, New Zealand
| | - Lucy Thompson
- Cawthron Institute, Private Bag 2, Nelson, 7010, New Zealand
| | - Luc Lebrun
- Ifremer, LITTORAL Unit, Place de la Croix, BP40537, 29900, Concarneau CEDEX, France
| | | | - Kirsty F Smith
- Cawthron Institute, Private Bag 2, Nelson, 7010, New Zealand
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Kibuye FA, Almuhtaram H, Lei H, Zamyadi A, Hofmann R, Wert EC. Using total adenosine triphosphate (tATP) measurements for cyanobacterial bloom monitoring and response assessment during algaecide treatments. WATER RESEARCH 2024; 255:121517. [PMID: 38574613 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2024.121517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
Total adenosine triphosphate (tATP) was investigated for its potential as a rapid indicator of cyanobacterial growth and algaecide effectiveness. tATP and other common bloom monitoring parameters were measured over the growth cycles of cyanobacteria and green algae in laboratory cultures and examined at a drinking water source during an active bloom. Strong correlations (R2>0.78) were observed between tATP and chlorophyll-a in cyanobacteria cultures. tATP offered greater sensitivity by increasing two orders of magnitude approximately 7 d before changes in chlorophyll-a or optical density were observed in Lyngbya sp. and Dolichospermum sp. cultures. Increases in tATP per cell coincided with the onset of exponential growth phases in lab cultures and increase in cell abundance in field samples, suggesting that ATP/cell is a sensitive indicator that may be used to identify the development of blooms. Bench-scale trials using samples harvested during a bloom showed that tATP exhibited a clear dose-response during copper sulfate (CuSO4) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) treatment compared to chlorophyll-a and cell counts, indicating that cellular production and storage of ATP decreases even when live and dead cells cannot be distinguished. During Copper (Cu) algaecide application at a reservoir used as a drinking water source, tATP and cell counts decreased following initial algaecide application; however, the bloom rebounded within 10 d showing that the Cu algaecide only has limited effectiveness. In this case, tATP was a sensitive indicator to bloom rebounding after algaecide treatments and correlated positively with cell counts (R2=0.7). These results support the use of tATP as a valuable complementary bloom monitoring tool for drinking water utilities to implement during the monitoring and treatment of cyanobacterial blooms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Faith A Kibuye
- The Pennsylvania State University, Department of Ecosystem Science and Management, 319 Forest Resources Building, University Park, PA 16802, United States; Southern Nevada Water Authority P.O. Box 99954, Las Vegas, NV 89193-9954, United States.
| | - Husein Almuhtaram
- Department of Civil & Mineral Engineering, University of Toronto, 35 St George St, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A4, Canada
| | - Hongxia Lei
- City of Tampa Water Department, 7125N. 30th Street, Tampa, FL 33629, United States; Cobb County-Marietta Water Authority, 1170 Atlanta Industrial Dr, Marietta, GA 30066, United States
| | - Arash Zamyadi
- Department of Civil Engineering, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Ron Hofmann
- Department of Civil & Mineral Engineering, University of Toronto, 35 St George St, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A4, Canada
| | - Eric C Wert
- Southern Nevada Water Authority P.O. Box 99954, Las Vegas, NV 89193-9954, United States
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Myung H, Joung YS. Contribution of Particulates to Airborne Disease Transmission and Severity: A Review. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2024; 58:6846-6867. [PMID: 38568611 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c08835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/24/2024]
Abstract
The emergence of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has catalyzed great interest in the spread of airborne pathogens. Airborne infectious diseases are classified into viral, bacterial, and fungal infections. Environmental factors can elevate their transmission and lethality. Air pollution has been reported as the leading environmental cause of disease and premature death worldwide. Notably, ambient particulates of various components and sizes are harmful pollutants. There are two prominent health effects of particles in the atmosphere: (1) particulate matter (PM) penetrates the respiratory tract and adversely affects health, such as heart and respiratory diseases; and (2) bioaerosols of particles act as a medium for the spread of pathogens in the air. Particulates contribute to the occurrence of infectious diseases by increasing vulnerability to infection through inhalation and spreading disease through interactions with airborne pathogens. Here, we focus on the synergistic effects of airborne particulates on infectious disease. We outline the concepts and characteristics of bioaerosols, from their generation to transformation and circulation on Earth. Considering that microorganisms coexist with other particulates as bioaerosols, we investigate studies examining respiratory infections associated with airborne PM. Furthermore, we discuss four factors (meteorological, biological, physical, and chemical) that may impact the influence of PM on the survival of contagious pathogens in the atmosphere. Our review highlights the significant role of particulates in supporting the transmission of infectious aerosols and emphasizes the need for further research in this area.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hyunji Myung
- Department of Mechanical Systems Engineering, Sookmyung Women's University, 100, Cheongpa-ro 47-gil, Yongsan-gu, Seoul 04310, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Soo Joung
- Department of Mechanical Systems Engineering, Sookmyung Women's University, 100, Cheongpa-ro 47-gil, Yongsan-gu, Seoul 04310, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Batool U, Tromas N, Simon DF, Sauvé S, Shapiro BJ, Ahmed M. Snapshot of cyanobacterial toxins in Pakistani freshwater bodies. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:24648-24661. [PMID: 38448773 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-32744-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
Cyanobacteria are known to produce diverse secondary metabolites that are toxic to aquatic ecosystems and human health. However, data about the cyanotoxins occurrence and cyanobacterial diversity in Pakistan's drinking water reservoirs is scarce. In this study, we first investigated the presence of microcystin, saxitoxin, and anatoxin in 12 water bodies using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The observed cyanotoxin values for the risk quotient (RQ) determined by ELISA indicated a potential risk for aquatic life and human health. Based on this result, we made a more in-depth investigation with a subset of water bodies (served as major public water sources) to analyze the cyanotoxins dynamics and identify potential producers. We therefore quantified the distribution of 17 cyanotoxins, including 12 microcystin congeners using a high-performance liquid chromatography-high-resolution tandem mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry (HPLC-HRMS/MS). Our results revealed for the first time the co-occurrence of multiple cyanotoxins and the presence of cylindrospermopsin in an artificial reservoir (Rawal Lake) and a semi-saline lake (Kallar Kahar). We also quantified several microcystin congeners in a river (Panjnad) with MC-LR and MC-RR being the most prevalent and abundant. To identify potential cyanotoxin producers, the composition of the cyanobacterial community was characterized by shotgun metagenomics sequencing. Despite the noticeable presence of cyanotoxins, Cyanobacteria were not abundant. Synechococcus was the most abundant cyanobacterial genus found followed by a small amount of Anabaena, Cyanobium, Microcystis, and Dolichospermum. Moreover, when we looked at the cyanotoxins genes coverage, we never found a complete microcystin mcy operon. To our knowledge, this is the first snapshot sampling of water bodies in Pakistan. Our results would not only help to understand the geographical spread of cyanotoxin in Pakistan but would also help to improve cyanotoxin risk assessment strategies by screening a variety of cyanobacterial toxins and confirming that cyanotoxin quantification is not necessarily related to producer abundance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Uzma Batool
- Institute of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
- Department of Biological Sciences, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Nicolas Tromas
- Department of Biological Sciences, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada.
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, Montreal, Canada.
| | - Dana F Simon
- Department of Chemistry, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Sébastien Sauvé
- Department of Chemistry, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada
| | - B Jesse Shapiro
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Mehboob Ahmed
- Institute of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Benredjem L, Morais J, Hentschke GS, Abdi A, Berredjem H, Vasconcelos V. First Polyphasic Study of Cheffia Reservoir (Algeria) Cyanobacteria Isolates Reveals Toxic Picocyanobacteria Genotype. Microorganisms 2023; 11:2664. [PMID: 38004676 PMCID: PMC10673316 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11112664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 10/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Monitoring water supply requires, among other quality indicators, the identification of the cyanobacteria community and taking into account their potential impact in terms of water quality. In this work, cyanobacteria strains were isolated from the Cheffia Reservoir and identified based on morphological features, the 16S rRNA gene, phylogenetic analysis, and toxin production by polymerase chain reaction PCR screening of the genes involved in the biosynthesis of cyanotoxins (mcyA, mcyE, sxtA, sxtG, sxtI, cyrJ, and anaC). Thirteen strains representing six different genera: Aphanothece, Microcystis, Geitlerinema, Lyngbya, Microcoleus, and Pseudanabaena were obtained. The results demonstrated the importance of morphological features in determining the genus or the species when incongruence between the morphological and phylogenetic analysis occurs and only the utility of the 16S rRNA gene in determining higher taxonomic levels. The phylogenetic analysis confirmed the polyphyly of cyanobacteria for the Microcystis and Oscillatoriales genera. Unexpectedly, Aphanothece sp. CR 11 had the genetic potential to produce microcystins. Our study gives new insight into species with picoplanktonic (or small) cell size and potentially toxic genotypes in this ecosystem. Thus, conventional water treatment methods in this ecosystem have to be adapted, indicating the requirement for pre-treatment methods that can effectively eliminate picocyanobacteria while preserving cell integrity to prevent toxin release.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lamia Benredjem
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Natural and Life Sciences, Abbes Laghrour University of Khenchela, BP 1252 Road of Batna, Khenchela 40004, Algeria;
- Laboratory of Applied Biochemistry and Microbiology, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Badji Mokhtar University, BP 12, Annaba 23000, Algeria; (A.A.); (H.B.)
| | - João Morais
- CIIMAR/CIMAR, Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, University of Porto, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal; (J.M.); (G.S.H.)
- Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, Edifício FC4, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
| | - Guilherme Scotta Hentschke
- CIIMAR/CIMAR, Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, University of Porto, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal; (J.M.); (G.S.H.)
| | - Akila Abdi
- Laboratory of Applied Biochemistry and Microbiology, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Badji Mokhtar University, BP 12, Annaba 23000, Algeria; (A.A.); (H.B.)
| | - Hajira Berredjem
- Laboratory of Applied Biochemistry and Microbiology, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Badji Mokhtar University, BP 12, Annaba 23000, Algeria; (A.A.); (H.B.)
| | - Vitor Vasconcelos
- CIIMAR/CIMAR, Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, University of Porto, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal; (J.M.); (G.S.H.)
- Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, Edifício FC4, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
MacKeigan PW, Zastepa A, Taranu ZE, Westrick JA, Liang A, Pick FR, Beisner BE, Gregory-Eaves I. Microcystin concentrations and congener composition in relation to environmental variables across 440 north-temperate and boreal lakes. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 884:163811. [PMID: 37121330 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.163811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the environmental conditions and taxa that promote the occurrence of cyanobacterial toxins is imperative for effective management of lake ecosystems. Herein, we modeled total microcystin presence and concentrations with a broad suite of environmental predictors and cyanobacteria community data collected across 440 Canadian lakes using standardized methods. We also conducted a focused analysis targeting 14 microcystin congeners across 190 lakes, to examine how abiotic and biotic factors influence their relative proportions. Microcystins were detected in 30 % of lakes, with the highest total concentrations occurring in the most eutrophic lakes located in ecozones of central Canada. The two most commonly detected congeners were MC-LR (61 % of lakes) and MC-LA (37 % of lakes), while 11 others were detected more sporadically across waterbodies. Congener diversity peaked in central Canada where cyanobacteria biomass was highest. Using a zero-altered hurdle model, the probability of detecting microcystin was best explained by increasing Microcystis biomass, Daphnia and cyclopoid biomass, soluble reactive phosphorus, pH and wind. Microcystin concentrations increased with the biomass of Microcystis and other less dominant cyanobacteria taxa, as well as total phosphorus, cyclopoid copepod biomass, dissolved inorganic carbon and water temperature. Collectively, these models accounted for 34 % and 70 % of the variability, respectively. Based on a multiple factor analysis of microcystin congeners, cyanobacteria community data, environmental and zooplankton data, we found that the relative abundance of most congeners varied according to trophic state and were related to a combination of cyanobacteria genera biomasses and environmental variables.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paul W MacKeigan
- Department of Biology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Interuniversity Research Group in Limnology (GRIL), Quebec, Canada.
| | - Arthur Zastepa
- Environment and Climate Change Canada, Canada Centre for Inland Waters, Burlington, Ontario, Canada
| | - Zofia E Taranu
- Aquatic Contaminants Research Division, Environment and Climate Change Canada, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Judy A Westrick
- Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, United States
| | - Anqi Liang
- Environment and Climate Change Canada, Canada Centre for Inland Waters, Burlington, Ontario, Canada
| | - Frances R Pick
- Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Beatrix E Beisner
- Interuniversity Research Group in Limnology (GRIL), Quebec, Canada; Department of Biological Sciences, University of Quebec at Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Irene Gregory-Eaves
- Department of Biology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Interuniversity Research Group in Limnology (GRIL), Quebec, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Koshigoe ASH, Diniz V, Rodrigues-Silva C, Cunha DGF. Effect of three commercial algaecides on cyanobacteria and microcystin-LR: implications for drinking water treatment using activated carbon. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:16003-16016. [PMID: 36178647 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-23281-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Toxic cyanobacterial blooms in aquatic ecosystems are associated to both public health and environmental concerns worldwide. Depending on the treatment technologies used, the removal capacity of cyanotoxins by drinking water treatment plants (DWTPs) is not sufficient to reach safe levels in drinking water. Likewise, controlling these blooms with algaecide may impair the efficiency of DWTPs due to the possible lysis of cyanobacterial cells and consequent release of cyanotoxins. We investigated the effects of three commercial algaecides (cationic polymer, copper sulfate, and hydrogen peroxide) on the growth parameters of the cyanobacterium Microcystis aeruginosa and the release of microcystin-LR (MC-LR). The potential interference of each algaecide on the MC-LR removal by adsorption on activated carbon (AC) was also tested through adsorption isotherms and kinetics experiments. Most algaecides significantly decreased the cell density and biovolume of M. aeruginosa, as well as increased the release of MC-LR. Interestingly, the presence of the algaecides in binary mixtures with MC-LR affected the adsorption of the cyanotoxin. Relevant adsorption parameters (e.g., maximum adsorption capacity, adsorption intensity, and affinity between MC-LR and AC) were altered when the algaecides were present, especially in the case of the cationic polymer. Also, the algaecides influenced the kinetics (e.g., by shifting the initial adsorption and the desorption constant), which may directly affect the design and operation of DWTPs. Our study indicated that algaecides can significantly impact the fate and the removal of MC-LR in DWTPs when the adsorption process is employed, with important implications for the management and performance of such facilities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Sati Hirooka Koshigoe
- Department of Hydraulics and Sanitary Engineering, São Carlos School of Engineering, University of São Paulo, Av. Trabalhador São-Carlense, 400, Centro, SP, São Carlos, 13566-590, Brazil
| | - Vinicíus Diniz
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas, Josué de Castro Street, Cidade Universitária, SP, Campinas, 13083-970, Brazil.
| | - Caio Rodrigues-Silva
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas, Josué de Castro Street, Cidade Universitária, SP, Campinas, 13083-970, Brazil
| | - Davi Gasparini Fernandes Cunha
- Department of Hydraulics and Sanitary Engineering, São Carlos School of Engineering, University of São Paulo, Av. Trabalhador São-Carlense, 400, Centro, SP, São Carlos, 13566-590, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Impact of Stagnation on the Diversity of Cyanobacteria in Drinking Water Treatment Plant Sludge. Toxins (Basel) 2022; 14:toxins14110749. [PMID: 36355999 PMCID: PMC9697381 DOI: 10.3390/toxins14110749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2022] [Revised: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Health-related concerns about cyanobacteria-laden sludge of drinking water treatment plants (DWTPs) have been raised in the past few years. Microscopic taxonomy, shotgun metagenomic sequencing, and microcystin (MC) measurement were applied to study the fate of cyanobacteria and cyanotoxins after controlled sludge storage (stagnation) in the dark in a full-scale drinking water treatment plant within 7 to 38 days. For four out of eight dates, cyanobacterial cell growth was observed by total taxonomic cell counts during sludge stagnation. The highest observed cell growth was 96% after 16 days of stagnation. Cell growth was dominated by potential MC producers such as Microcystis, Aphanocapsa, Chroococcus, and Dolichospermum. Shotgun metagenomic sequencing unveiled that stagnation stress shifts the cyanobacterial communities from the stress-sensitive Nostocales (e.g., Dolichospermum) order towards less compromised orders and potential MC producers such as Chroococcales (e.g., Microcystis) and Synechococcales (e.g., Synechococcus). The relative increase of cyanotoxin producers presents a health challenge when the supernatant of the stored sludge is recycled to the head of the DWTP or discharged into the source. These findings emphasize the importance of a strategy to manage cyanobacteria-laden sludge and suggest practical approaches should be adopted to control health/environmental impacts of cyanobacteria and cyanotoxins in sludge.
Collapse
|
10
|
Hernandez BY, Biggs J, Zhu X, Sotto P, Nagata M, Mendez AJP, Paulino Y. Environmental Exposure to Cyanobacteria Hepatotoxins in a Pacific Island Community: A Cross-Sectional Assessment. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10081607. [PMID: 36014026 PMCID: PMC9412653 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10081607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2022] [Revised: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Cyanobacteria produce a wide range of secondary metabolites, including tumor-promoting hepatotoxins. We recently reported evidence of an independent association between oral cyanobacteria and hepatocellular carcinoma in a U.S. population. We sought to characterize the nature, sources, and health correlates of cyanotoxin exposure in the U.S. Pacific Island territory of Guam, which has a high incidence of liver cancer. (2) Methods: Seventy-four adult males and females were enrolled in a cross-sectional study to quantify cyanotoxins in saliva, urine, and blood and their correlation with health behaviors, medical history, and environmental exposures. Plant samples were collected from locations throughout the island. Microcystin/nodularin (MC/NOD), cylindrospermopsin (CYN), and anabaenopeptin (AB) were measured in biospecimens and in plant extracts by ELISA. (3) Results: Overall, among study participants MC/NOD were detected in 53.9% of saliva, 7.5% of urine, and 100% of serum.; CYN in 40.0% of saliva, 100.0% of urine, and 70.4% of serum; AB in 30.8% of saliva, 85% of urine, and 92.6% of serum. Salivary MC/NOD levels were significantly higher in individuals using municipal tap water as their primary source of drinking water; both salivary and urinary MC/NOD levels were higher in those not using store-bought/commercial water. Urine MC/NOD levels were highest among individuals consuming fruits and vegetables exclusively from local sources. Urine MC/NOD levels were elevated in individuals with hypertension and hyperlipidemia and salivary MC/NOD in those with recent alcohol consumption. Cyanotoxins were prevalent in plant samples including MC/NOD (46.6%), CYN (35.1%), and AB (51.7%). (4) Conclusions: Our study provides evidence that exposure to cyanobacterial hepatotoxins, including tumor promoters, may be prevalent in Guam and may originate from environmental sources. Population-based epidemiologic studies are needed to investigate the role of cyanotoxins in liver cancer development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Brenda Y. Hernandez
- University of Hawaii Cancer Center, 701 Ilalo Street, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-808-586-2992
| | - Jason Biggs
- University of Guam Cancer Research Center, Mangilao, GU 96913, USA
| | - Xuemei Zhu
- University of Hawaii Cancer Center, 701 Ilalo Street, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA
| | - Patrick Sotto
- University of Guam Cancer Research Center, Mangilao, GU 96913, USA
| | - Michelle Nagata
- University of Hawaii Cancer Center, 701 Ilalo Street, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA
| | | | - Yvette Paulino
- University of Guam Cancer Research Center, Mangilao, GU 96913, USA
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Lin JY, Tan SI, Yi YC, Hsiang CC, Chang CH, Chen CY, Chang JS, Ng IS. High-level production and extraction of C-phycocyanin from cyanobacteria Synechococcus sp. PCC7002 for antioxidation, antibacterial and lead adsorption. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 206:112283. [PMID: 34699757 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.112283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Revised: 05/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Global warming and climate change because carbon dioxide (CO2) release to atmosphere is the forecasting challenges to human being. We are facing how to overcome the dilemma on the balance between economic and environment, thus taking more efforts on green processes to meet agreement of sustainable society are urgent and crucial. The absorption of CO2 by microalgae reduces the impact of CO2 on the environment. In this study, the CO2 removal efficiency was the highest in the culture of Cyanobacterium Synechococcus sp. PCC7002 (also called blue-green algae), at 2% CO2 to reach a value of 0.86 g-CO2/g-DCW. The main product of PCC7002 is C-phycocyanin (C-PC) which regarding to phycobilisome complex in all cyanobacterial species. A 160% increasing C-PC was achieved in the cultivation under 100 μmol/m2/s light intensity, 12:12 light-period with 2% CO2 at 30 °C. The mix-culture of nitric and ammonia ions had positive effect on the cell growth and C-PC accumulation, thus realized the highest yield of 0.439 g-CPC/g-DCW. Additionally, the partial purified C-PC displayed 89% antioxidant activity of 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryhydrazyl (DPPH) and 11% of superoxide free radical scavenging activity, respectively. The production of C-PC from PCC7002 reduced the CO2 emission and exhibited antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli and lead ion adsorption at room temperature, which has the great potential for eco-friendly application.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Yi Lin
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 701, Taiwan
| | - Shih-I Tan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 701, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Chen Yi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 701, Taiwan
| | - Chuan-Chieh Hsiang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 701, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Hsiang Chang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 701, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Yen Chen
- University Center for Bioscience and Biotechnology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Jo-Shu Chang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 701, Taiwan; Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, College of Engineering, Tunghai University, Taichung, Taiwan; Research Center for Energy Technology and Strategy, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - I-Son Ng
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 701, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Rousso BZ, Bertone E, Stewart R, Aguiar A, Chuang A, Hamilton DP, Burford MA. Chlorophyll and phycocyanin in-situ fluorescence in mixed cyanobacterial species assemblages: Effects of morphology, cell size and growth phase. WATER RESEARCH 2022; 212:118127. [PMID: 35121420 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2022.118127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Cyanobacteria harmful blooms can represent a major risk for public health due to potential release of toxins and other noxious compounds in the water. A continuous and high-resolution monitoring of the cyanobacteria population is required due to their rapid dynamics, which has been increasingly done using in-situ fluorescence of phycocyanin (f-PC) and chlorophyll a (f-Chl a). Appropriate in-situ fluorometers calibration is essential because f-PC and f-Chl a are affected by biotic and abiotic factors, including species composition. Measurement of f-PC and f-Chl a in mixed species assemblages during different growth phases - representative of most field conditions - has received little attention. We hypothesized that f-PC and f-Chl a of mixed assemblages of cyanobacteria may be accurately estimated if taxa composition and fluorescence characteristics are known. We also hypothesized that species with different morphologies would have different fluorescence per unit cell and biomass. We tested these hypotheses in a controlled culture experiment in which photosynthetic pigment fluorescence, chemical pigment extraction, optical density and microscopic enumeration of four common cyanobacteria species (Aphanocapsa sp, Microcystis aeruginosa, Dolichospermum circinale and Raphidiopsis raciborskii) were quantified. Both monocultures and mixed cultures were monitored from exponential to late stationary growth phases. The sum of fluorescence of individual species calculated for mixed samples was not significantly different than measured fluorescence of mixed cultures. Estimated and measured f-PC and f-Chl a of mixed cultures had higher correlations and smaller absolute median errors when estimations were based on fluorescence per biomass instead of fluorescence per cell. Largest errors were overestimations of measured fluorescence for species with different morphologies. Fluorescence per cell was significantly different among most species, while fluorescence per unit biomass was not, indicating that conversion of fluorescence to biomass reduces species-specific bias. This study presents new information on the effect of species composition on cyanobacteria fluorescence. Best practices of deployment and operation of fluorometers, and data-driven models supporting in-situ fluorometers calibration are discussed as suitable solutions to minimize taxa-specific bias in fluorescence estimates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Benny Zuse Rousso
- Griffith School of Engineering and Built Environment, Griffith University, Parklands Drive, Southport, Queensland 4222, Australia; Cities Research Institute, Griffith University, Parklands Drive, Southport, Queensland 4222, Australia
| | - Edoardo Bertone
- Griffith School of Engineering and Built Environment, Griffith University, Parklands Drive, Southport, Queensland 4222, Australia; Cities Research Institute, Griffith University, Parklands Drive, Southport, Queensland 4222, Australia; Australian Rivers Institute, Griffith University, 170 Kessels Road, Nathan, Queensland 4111, Australia.
| | - Rodney Stewart
- Griffith School of Engineering and Built Environment, Griffith University, Parklands Drive, Southport, Queensland 4222, Australia; Cities Research Institute, Griffith University, Parklands Drive, Southport, Queensland 4222, Australia
| | - Arthur Aguiar
- Griffith School of Engineering and Built Environment, Griffith University, Parklands Drive, Southport, Queensland 4222, Australia
| | - Ann Chuang
- Australian Rivers Institute, Griffith University, 170 Kessels Road, Nathan, Queensland 4111, Australia
| | - David P Hamilton
- Australian Rivers Institute, Griffith University, 170 Kessels Road, Nathan, Queensland 4111, Australia
| | - Michele A Burford
- Australian Rivers Institute, Griffith University, 170 Kessels Road, Nathan, Queensland 4111, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
MacKeigan PW, Garner RE, Monchamp MÈ, Walsh DA, Onana VE, Kraemer SA, Pick FR, Beisner BE, Agbeti MD, da Costa NB, Shapiro BJ, Gregory-Eaves I. Comparing microscopy and DNA metabarcoding techniques for identifying cyanobacteria assemblages across hundreds of lakes. HARMFUL ALGAE 2022; 113:102187. [PMID: 35287928 DOI: 10.1016/j.hal.2022.102187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Revised: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Accurately identifying the species present in an ecosystem is vital to lake managers and successful bioassessment programs. This is particularly important when monitoring cyanobacteria, as numerous taxa produce toxins and can have major negative impacts on aquatic ecosystems. Increasingly, DNA-based techniques such as metabarcoding are being used for measuring aquatic biodiversity, as they could accelerate processing time, decrease costs and reduce some of the biases associated with traditional light microscopy. Despite the continuing use of traditional microscopy and the growing use of DNA metabarcoding to identify cyanobacteria assemblages, methodological comparisons between the two approaches have rarely been reported from a wide suite of lake types. Here, we compare planktonic cyanobacteria assemblages generated by inverted light microscopy and DNA metabarcoding from a 379-lake dataset spanning a longitudinal and trophic gradient. We found moderate levels of congruence between methods at the broadest taxonomic levels (i.e., Order, RV=0.40, p < 0.0001). This comparison revealed distinct cyanobacteria communities from lakes of different trophic states, with Microcystis, Aphanizomenon and Dolichospermum dominating with both methods in eutrophic and hypereutrophic sites. This finding supports the use of either method when monitoring eutrophication in lake surface waters. The biggest difference between the two methods was the detection of picocyanobacteria, which are typically underestimated by light microscopy. This reveals that the communities generated by each method currently are complementary as opposed to identical and promotes a combined-method strategy when monitoring a range of trophic systems. For example, microscopy can provide measures of cyanobacteria biomass, which are critical data in managing lakes. Going forward, we believe that molecular genetic methods will be increasingly adopted as reference databases are routinely updated with more representative sequences and will improve as cyanobacteria taxonomy is resolved with the increase in available genetic information.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paul W MacKeigan
- Department of Biology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Interuniversity Research Group in Limnology (GRIL), Quebec, Canada.
| | - Rebecca E Garner
- Interuniversity Research Group in Limnology (GRIL), Quebec, Canada; Department of Biology, Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Marie-Ève Monchamp
- Department of Biology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Interuniversity Research Group in Limnology (GRIL), Quebec, Canada
| | - David A Walsh
- Interuniversity Research Group in Limnology (GRIL), Quebec, Canada; Department of Biology, Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Vera E Onana
- Interuniversity Research Group in Limnology (GRIL), Quebec, Canada; Department of Biology, Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Susanne A Kraemer
- Interuniversity Research Group in Limnology (GRIL), Quebec, Canada; Department of Biology, Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Frances R Pick
- Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Beatrix E Beisner
- Interuniversity Research Group in Limnology (GRIL), Quebec, Canada; Department of Biological Sciences, University of Quebec at Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | | | - Naíla Barbosa da Costa
- Interuniversity Research Group in Limnology (GRIL), Quebec, Canada; Department of Biological Sciences, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - B Jesse Shapiro
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Irene Gregory-Eaves
- Department of Biology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Interuniversity Research Group in Limnology (GRIL), Quebec, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Zhang D, He Y, Gin KYH. Genomic Characterization of a Novel Freshwater Cyanophage Reveals a New Lineage of Cyanopodovirus. Front Microbiol 2022; 12:768868. [PMID: 35095789 PMCID: PMC8790148 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.768868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cyanobacteria are one of the dominant autotrophs in tropical freshwater communities, yet phages infecting them remain poorly characterized. Here we present the characterization of cyanophage S-SRP02, isolated from a tropical freshwater lake in Singapore, which infects Synechococcus sp. Strain SR-C1 isolated from the same lake. S-SRP02 represents a new evolutionary lineage of cyanophage. Out of 47 open reading frames (ORFs), only 20 ORFs share homology with genes encoding proteins of known function. There is lack of auxiliary metabolic genes which was commonly found as core genes in marine cyanopodoviruses. S-SRP02 also harbors unique structural genes highly divergent from other cultured phages. Phylogenetic analysis and viral proteomic tree further demonstrate the divergence of S-SRP02 from other sequenced phage isolates. Nonetheless, S-SRP02 shares synteny with phage genes of uncultured phages obtained from the Mediterranean Sea deep chlorophyll maximum fosmids, indicating the ecological importance of S-SRP02 and its related viruses. This is further supported by metagenomic mapping of environmental viral metagenomic reads onto the S-SRP02 genome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dong Zhang
- NUS Environmental Research Institute (E2S2-CREATE), National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yiliang He
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Karina Yew-Hoong Gin
- NUS Environmental Research Institute (E2S2-CREATE), National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Hernandez BY, Zhu X, Risch HA, Lu L, Ma X, Irwin ML, Lim JK, Taddei TH, Pawlish KS, Stroup AM, Brown R, Wang Z, Wong LL, Yu H. Oral Cyanobacteria and Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2022; 31:221-229. [PMID: 34697061 PMCID: PMC8755591 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-21-0804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Revised: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gut microbial alterations have been linked to chronic liver disease and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The role of the oral microbiome in liver cancer development has not been widely investigated. METHODS Bacterial 16S rRNA sequences were evaluated in oral samples from 90 HCC cases and 90 controls who were a part of a larger U.S. case-control study of HCC among patients diagnosed from 2011 to 2016. RESULTS The oral microbiome of HCC cases showed significantly reduced alpha diversity compared with controls (Shannon P = 0.002; Simpson P = 0.049), and beta diversity significantly differed (weighted Unifrac P = 0.004). The relative abundance of 30 taxa significantly varied including Cyanobacteria, which was enriched in cases compared with controls (P = 0.018). Cyanobacteria was positively associated with HCC [OR, 8.71; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.22-62.00; P = 0.031] after adjustment for age, race, birthplace, education, smoking, alcohol, obesity, type 2 diabetes, Hepatitis C virus (HCV), Hepatitis B virus (HBV), fatty liver disease, aspirin use, other NSAID use, laboratory batch, and other significant taxa. When stratified by HCC risk factors, significant associations of Cyanobacteria with HCC were exclusively observed among individuals with negative histories of established risk factors as well as females and college graduates. Cyanobacterial genes positively associated with HCC were specific to taxa producing microcystin, the hepatotoxic tumor promotor, and other genes known to be upregulated with microcystin exposure. CONCLUSIONS Our study provides novel evidence that oral Cyanobacteria may be an independent risk factor for HCC. IMPACT These findings support future studies to further examine the causal relationship between oral Cyanobacteria and HCC risk.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Brenda Y Hernandez
- University of Hawaii Cancer Center, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii.
| | - Xuemei Zhu
- University of Hawaii Cancer Center, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii
| | - Harvey A Risch
- Department of Chronic Disease Epidemiology, Yale School of Public Health, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Lingeng Lu
- Department of Chronic Disease Epidemiology, Yale School of Public Health, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Xiaomei Ma
- Department of Chronic Disease Epidemiology, Yale School of Public Health, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Melinda L Irwin
- Department of Chronic Disease Epidemiology, Yale School of Public Health, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Joseph K Lim
- Yale Liver Center and Section of Digestive Diseases, Department if Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Tamar H Taddei
- Yale Liver Center and Section of Digestive Diseases, Department if Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Karen S Pawlish
- New Jersey State Cancer Registry, New Jersey Department of Health, Trenton, New Jersey
| | - Antoinette M Stroup
- New Jersey State Cancer Registry, New Jersey Department of Health, Trenton, New Jersey
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Rutgers School of Public Health, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, New Jersey
| | - Robert Brown
- Department of Medicine, Joan & Sanford I. Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, New York
- Vagelos College of Physicians & Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Zhanwei Wang
- University of Hawaii Cancer Center, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii
| | - Linda L Wong
- University of Hawaii Cancer Center, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii
- Department of Surgery, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii
| | - Herbert Yu
- University of Hawaii Cancer Center, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Brown J, Hawkes K, Calvaruso R, Reyes-Prieto A, Lawrence J. Seasonality and distribution of cyanobacteria and microcystin toxin genes in an oligotrophic lake of Atlantic Canada. JOURNAL OF PHYCOLOGY 2021; 57:1768-1776. [PMID: 34490918 DOI: 10.1111/jpy.13210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Revised: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Cyanotoxins are an emerging threat to freshwater resources worldwide. The most frequently reported cyanotoxins are the microcystins, which threaten the health of humans, wildlife, and ecosystems. Determining the potential for microcystin production is hindered by a lack of morphological features that correlate with microcystin production. However, amplicon-based methods permit the detection of microcystin biosynthesis genes and were employed to assess the toxin potential in Lake Utopia, NB, Canada, an oligotrophic lake that occasionally experiences cyanobacteria blooms. Samples collected at 2 week intervals from June 27th to September 27th, 2016, were screened by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for the microcystin synthetase E gene (mcyE). The mcyE gene was present in some samples every sampling day, despite microcystin not being detected via ELISA, and was most frequently associated with the larger pore size fractions of the serially filtered samples. Further PCR surveys using primer sets to amplify genus-specific (e.g., Microcystis, Anabaena/Dolichospermum, and Planktothrix) mcyE fragments identified Microcystis as the only taxa in Lake Utopia with toxigenic potential. Sequencing of the 16S rRNA V3-V4 region revealed a community dominated by members of the order Synechococcales (from 38 to 96% relative abundance), but with significant presence of taxa from Cyanobacteriales including Microcystaceae and Nostocaceae. A persistent Microcystis population was detected in samples both testing positive and negative for the mcyE gene, highlighting the importance of identifying cyanotoxin production potential by gene presence and not species identity. To our knowledge, this study represents the first application of amplicon-based approaches to studying toxic cyanobacteria in an understudied region-Atlantic Canada.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jordan Brown
- Department of Biology, University of New Brunswick, PO Box 4400, Fredericton, New Brunswick, E3B 5A3, Canada
| | - Kristen Hawkes
- Department of Biology, University of New Brunswick, PO Box 4400, Fredericton, New Brunswick, E3B 5A3, Canada
| | - Rossella Calvaruso
- Department of Biology, University of New Brunswick, PO Box 4400, Fredericton, New Brunswick, E3B 5A3, Canada
| | - Adrian Reyes-Prieto
- Department of Biology, University of New Brunswick, PO Box 4400, Fredericton, New Brunswick, E3B 5A3, Canada
| | - Janice Lawrence
- Department of Biology, University of New Brunswick, PO Box 4400, Fredericton, New Brunswick, E3B 5A3, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Pagliara P, De Benedetto GE, Francavilla M, Barca A, Caroppo C. Bioactive Potential of Two Marine Picocyanobacteria Belonging to Cyanobium and Synechococcus Genera. Microorganisms 2021; 9:microorganisms9102048. [PMID: 34683368 PMCID: PMC8537962 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9102048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Coccoid cyanobacteria produce a great variety of secondary metabolites, which may have useful properties, such as antibacterial, antiviral, anticoagulant or anticancer activities. These cyanobacterial metabolites have high ecological significance, and they could be considered responsible for the widespread occurrence of these microorganisms. Considering the great benefit derived from the identification of competent cyanobacteria for the extraction of bioactive compounds, two strains of picocyanobacteria (coccoid cyanobacteria < 3 µm) (Cyanobium sp. ITAC108 and Synechococcus sp. ITAC107) isolated from the Mediterranean sponge Petrosia ficiformis were analyzed. The biological effects of organic and aqueous extracts from these picocyanobacteria toward the nauplii of Artemia salina, sea urchin embryos and human cancer lines (HeLa cells) were evaluated. Methanolic and aqueous extracts from the two strains strongly inhibited larval development; on the contrary, in ethyl acetate and hexane extracts, the percentage of anomalous embryos was low. Moreover, all the extracts of the two strains inhibited HeLa cell proliferation, but methanol extracts exerted the highest activity. Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry analysis evidenced for the first time the presence of β-N-methylamino-l-alanine and microcystin in these picocyanobacteria. The strong cytotoxic activity observed for aqueous and methanolic extracts of these two cyanobacteria laid the foundation for the production of bioactive compounds of pharmacological interest.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Patrizia Pagliara
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies, University of Salento, Via Provin-Ciale Lecce-Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy;
- Correspondence: (P.P.); (C.C.)
| | - Giuseppe Egidio De Benedetto
- Laboratory of Analytical and Isotopic Mass Spectrometry, Department of Cultural Heritage, University of Salento, 73100 Lecce, Italy;
- National Research Council, Institute of Heritage Sciences (CNR-ISPC), 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Matteo Francavilla
- STAR*Facility Centre, Department of Agriculture, Foods, Natural Resources and Engineering, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy;
| | - Amilcare Barca
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies, University of Salento, Via Provin-Ciale Lecce-Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy;
| | - Carmela Caroppo
- National Research Council, Water Research Institute (CNR-IRSA), 74123 Taranto, Italy
- Correspondence: (P.P.); (C.C.)
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Environmentally friendly antibiofilm strategy based on cationized phytoglycogen nanoparticles. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2021; 207:111975. [PMID: 34371317 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2021.111975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Revised: 07/10/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Biofilm tolerance to antibiotics has led to the search for new alternatives in treating biofilms. The use of metallic nanoparticles has been a suggested strategy against biofilms, but their potential environmental toxicity and high cost of synthesizing have limited their applications. In this study, we investigate the potential of polysaccharidic phytoglycogen nanoparticles extracted from corn, in treating cyanobacterial biofilms, which are the source of toxins and pollution in aquatic environments. Our results revealed that the surface of cyanobacterial cells was dominated by the negatively charged functional groups such as carboxylic and phosphoric groups. The native phytoglycogen (PhX) nanoparticles were dominated with non-charged groups, such as hydroxyl groups, and the cationized phytoglycogen (PhXC) nanoparticles showed positively charged surfaces due to the presence of quaternary ammonium cations. Our results indicated that, as opposed to PhX, PhXC strongly inhibited biofilm formation when dispersed in the culture medium. PhXC also eradicated the already grown cyanobacterial biofilms. The antibiofilm properties of PhXC were attributed to its strong electrostatic interactions with the cyanobacterial cells, which could inhibit cell/cell and cell/substrate interactions and nutrient exchange with the media. This class of antibacterial polysaccharide nanoparticles may provide a novel cost-effective and environment-friendly strategy for treating biofilm formation by a broad spectrum of bacteria.
Collapse
|
19
|
Trout‐Haney JV, Cottingham KL. Microcystins in planktonic and benthic food web components from Greenlandic lakes. Ecosphere 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ecs2.3539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jessica V. Trout‐Haney
- Graduate Program in Ecology, Evolution, Environment and Society Life Sciences Center Dartmouth College 78 College Street Hanover New Hampshire03755USA
- Department of Biological Sciences Life Sciences Center Dartmouth College 78 College Street Hanover New Hampshire03755USA
| | - Kathryn L. Cottingham
- Graduate Program in Ecology, Evolution, Environment and Society Life Sciences Center Dartmouth College 78 College Street Hanover New Hampshire03755USA
- Department of Biological Sciences Life Sciences Center Dartmouth College 78 College Street Hanover New Hampshire03755USA
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Algal Toxic Compounds and Their Aeroterrestrial, Airborne and other Extremophilic Producers with Attention to Soil and Plant Contamination: A Review. Toxins (Basel) 2021; 13:toxins13050322. [PMID: 33946968 PMCID: PMC8145420 DOI: 10.3390/toxins13050322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Revised: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The review summarizes the available knowledge on toxins and their producers from rather disparate algal assemblages of aeroterrestrial, airborne and other versatile extreme environments (hot springs, deserts, ice, snow, caves, etc.) and on phycotoxins as contaminants of emergent concern in soil and plants. There is a growing body of evidence that algal toxins and their producers occur in all general types of extreme habitats, and cyanobacteria/cyanoprokaryotes dominate in most of them. Altogether, 55 toxigenic algal genera (47 cyanoprokaryotes) were enlisted, and our analysis showed that besides the “standard” toxins, routinely known from different waterbodies (microcystins, nodularins, anatoxins, saxitoxins, cylindrospermopsins, BMAA, etc.), they can produce some specific toxic compounds. Whether the toxic biomolecules are related with the harsh conditions on which algae have to thrive and what is their functional role may be answered by future studies. Therefore, we outline the gaps in knowledge and provide ideas for further research, considering, from one side, the health risk from phycotoxins on the background of the global warming and eutrophication and, from the other side, the current surge of interest which phycotoxins provoke due to their potential as novel compounds in medicine, pharmacy, cosmetics, bioremediation, agriculture and all aspects of biotechnological implications in human life.
Collapse
|
21
|
Gin KYH, Sim ZY, Goh KC, Kok JWK, Te SH, Tran NH, Li W, He Y. Novel cyanotoxin-producing Synechococcus in tropical lakes. WATER RESEARCH 2021; 192:116828. [PMID: 33508721 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2021.116828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Revised: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Picocyanobacteria are small cyanobacteria, being about 0.8-1.5 µm in size. They are present in freshwater environments all over the world and are known to cause harmful algal blooms, although their effects are not well understood. Algal blooms are important to manage because they threaten freshwater resources, with potentially severe effects on ecological and human health. There is also increased urgency due to urbanization and climate change trends which are expected to exacerbate these bloom dynamics. These changes are expected to especially favour picocyanobacteria groups, emphasizing the need for better characterization of their effects in the environment. In this study, we report the discovery that Synechococcus sp. could produce cylindrospermopsin (CYN) and anatoxin-a (ATX). This ability had never been previously reported for this species. Their toxin genes were also partial compared to other major producers such as Raphidiopsis sp. and Anabaena sp., demonstrating potentially unique synthesis pathways that provides insight into the various mechanisms of genetic variation that drives toxin synthesis. The Synechococcus sp. strains were found to produce about 9.0 × 10-5-6.8 × 10-4 fg CYN cell-1 and 4.7 × 10-4-1.5 × 10-2 fg ATX cell-1. The potential for Synechococcus sp. to be toxic highlights a global concern due to its widespread distribution, and through environmental trends that increasingly favour its productivity within freshwater systems around the world.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karina Yew-Hoong Gin
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, National University of Singapore, Blk E1A-07-03, 1 Engineering Drive 2, Singapore 117576, Singapore.
| | - Zhi Yang Sim
- National University of Singapore Environmental Research Institute, National University of Singapore, 1 Create Way, #15-02, Singapore 138602, Singapore
| | - Kwan Chien Goh
- National University of Singapore Environmental Research Institute, National University of Singapore, 1 Create Way, #15-02, Singapore 138602, Singapore
| | - Jerome Wai Kit Kok
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, National University of Singapore, Blk E1A-07-03, 1 Engineering Drive 2, Singapore 117576, Singapore
| | - Shu Harn Te
- National University of Singapore Environmental Research Institute, National University of Singapore, 1 Create Way, #15-02, Singapore 138602, Singapore
| | - Ngoc Han Tran
- Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, Da Nang 550000, Viet Nam
| | - Wenxuan Li
- National University of Singapore Environmental Research Institute, National University of Singapore, 1 Create Way, #15-02, Singapore 138602, Singapore
| | - Yiliang He
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Colas S, Marie B, Lance E, Quiblier C, Tricoire-Leignel H, Mattei C. Anatoxin-a: Overview on a harmful cyanobacterial neurotoxin from the environmental scale to the molecular target. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2021; 193:110590. [PMID: 33307089 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2020.110590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Revised: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Anatoxin-a (ATX-a) is a neurotoxic alkaloid, produced by several freshwater planktonic and benthic cyanobacteria (CB). Such CB have posed human and animal health issues for several years, as this toxin is able to cause neurologic symptoms in humans following food poisoning and death in wild and domestic animals. Different episodes of animal intoxication have incriminated ATX-a worldwide, as confirmed by the presence of ATX-a-producing CB in the consumed water or biofilm, or the observation of neurotoxic symptoms, which match experimental toxicity in vivo. Regarding toxicity parameters, toxicokinetics knowledge is currently incomplete and needs to be improved. The toxin can passively cross biological membranes and act rapidly on nicotinic receptors, its main molecular target. In vivo and in vitro acute effects of ATX-a have been studied and make possible to draw its mode of action, highlighting its deleterious effects on the nervous systems and its effectors, namely muscles, heart and vessels, and the respiratory apparatus. However, very little is known about its putative chronic toxicity. This review updates available data on ATX-a, from the ecodynamic of the toxin to its physiological and molecular targets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Simon Colas
- UMR 7245 CNRS/MNHN "Molécules de Communication et Adaptations des Micro-organismes", Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France; Mitochondrial and Cardiovascular Pathophysiology - MITOVASC, UMR CNRS 6015, INSERM U1083, UBL/Angers University, Angers, France
| | - Benjamin Marie
- UMR 7245 CNRS/MNHN "Molécules de Communication et Adaptations des Micro-organismes", Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France
| | - Emilie Lance
- UMR 7245 CNRS/MNHN "Molécules de Communication et Adaptations des Micro-organismes", Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France
| | - Catherine Quiblier
- UMR 7245 CNRS/MNHN "Molécules de Communication et Adaptations des Micro-organismes", Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France; Université de Paris - Paris Diderot, 5 rue Thomas Mann, Paris, France
| | - Hélène Tricoire-Leignel
- Mitochondrial and Cardiovascular Pathophysiology - MITOVASC, UMR CNRS 6015, INSERM U1083, UBL/Angers University, Angers, France.
| | - César Mattei
- Mitochondrial and Cardiovascular Pathophysiology - MITOVASC, UMR CNRS 6015, INSERM U1083, UBL/Angers University, Angers, France.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Mass Occurrence of Anatoxin-a- and Dihydroanatoxin-a-Producing Tychonema sp. in Mesotrophic Reservoir Mandichosee (River Lech, Germany) as a Cause of Neurotoxicosis in Dogs. Toxins (Basel) 2020; 12:toxins12110726. [PMID: 33233760 PMCID: PMC7699839 DOI: 10.3390/toxins12110726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Revised: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
In August 2019, three dogs died after bathing in or drinking from Mandichosee, a mesotrophic reservoir of the River Lech (Germany). The dogs showed symptoms of neurotoxic poisoning and intoxication with cyanotoxins was considered. Surface blooms were not visible at the time of the incidents. Benthic Tychonema sp., a potential anatoxin-a (ATX)-producing cyanobacterium, was detected in mats growing on the banks, as biofilm on macrophytes and later as aggregations floating on the lake surface. The dogs' pathological examinations showed lung and liver lesions. ATX and dihydroanatoxin-a (dhATX) were detected by LC-MS/MS in the stomachs of two dogs and reached concentrations of 563 and 1207 µg/L, respectively. Anatoxins (sum of ATX and dhATX, ATXs) concentrations in field samples from Mandichosee ranged from 0.1 µg/L in the open water to 68,000 µg/L in samples containing a large amount of mat material. Other (neuro)toxic substances were not found. A molecular approach was used to detect toxin genes by PCR and to reveal the cyanobacterial community composition by sequencing. Upstream of Mandichosee, random samples were taken from other Lech reservoirs, uncovering Tychonema and ATXs at several sampling sites. Similar recent findings emphasize the importance of focusing on the investigation of benthic toxic cyanobacteria and applying appropriate monitoring strategies in the future.
Collapse
|
24
|
Sathicq MB, Unrein F, Gómez N. Recurrent pattern of picophytoplankton dynamics in estuaries around the world: The case of Río de la Plata. MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2020; 161:105136. [PMID: 32971494 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2020.105136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2020] [Revised: 08/27/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The picoplankton is an important component of aquatic food webs and plays a significant biogeochemical and ecological role in the environment. Little is known about this fraction of the plankton in temperate estuaries and especially in South America. In this article, we study the absolute and relative importance of the picoplankton along an annual cycle, and their relationship with physical and chemical variables in the Río de la Plata estuary. We also review the existing research in estuaries around the world concerning this community and present our results in a global context. The seasonal variation in the abundance of the different groups analyzed was very noticeable. Phycocyanin-rich picocyanobacteria (Pcy) were the main component (in abundance and in biovolume) of the picophytoplankton (PPP) almost during the whole year, with a maximum abundance of 7.3 × 105 cell mL-1 in summer, three orders of magnitude higher compared to autumn-winter. Picoeukaryotes, larger phytoplankton and heterotrophic bacteria showed the same seasonal trend, although with a lower range of variation than that of the Pcy. Considering all the phototrophic planktonic fractions, in terms of biomass, the PPP reached a maximum of 43% of the total biomass in spring. The dynamics of PPP found in this area are consistent with the observed in other temperate estuaries, where temperature is the main variable that influences its development, and with a high seasonal variation. Additionally, the absolute and relative importance of Pcy showed a consistently increasing trend towards lower latitude estuaries. The review also showed us that there is scarce information related to the picoplankton fraction in the Southern Hemisphere, its sanitary implications due to their potential of toxicity or their ecological role in coastal zones. The results presented here show the importance of this fraction, not only in Río de la Plata, but in many estuaries of the world, with a clear increase of relative abundance as we approach the equator.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- María Belén Sathicq
- Instituto de Limnología "Dr. Raúl A. Ringuelet" (ILPLA) UNLP-CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Istituto di Ricerca Sulle Acque (IRSA) CNR, Verbania, Italy.
| | - Fernando Unrein
- Instituto Tecnológico de Chascomús (INTECH), UNSAM-CONICET, Chascomús, Argentina
| | - Nora Gómez
- Instituto de Limnología "Dr. Raúl A. Ringuelet" (ILPLA) UNLP-CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Kust A, Řeháková K, Vrba J, Maicher V, Mareš J, Hrouzek P, Chiriac MC, Benedová Z, Tesařová B, Saurav K. Insight into Unprecedented Diversity of Cyanopeptides in Eutrophic Ponds Using an MS/MS Networking Approach. Toxins (Basel) 2020; 12:E561. [PMID: 32878042 PMCID: PMC7551678 DOI: 10.3390/toxins12090561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Revised: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Man-made shallow fishponds in the Czech Republic have been facing high eutrophication since the 1950s. Anthropogenic eutrophication and feeding of fish have strongly affected the physicochemical properties of water and its aquatic community composition, leading to harmful algal bloom formation. In our current study, we characterized the phytoplankton community across three eutrophic ponds to assess the phytoplankton dynamics during the vegetation season. We microscopically identified and quantified 29 cyanobacterial taxa comprising non-toxigenic and toxigenic species. Further, a detailed cyanopeptides (CNPs) profiling was performed using molecular networking analysis of liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) data coupled with a dereplication strategy. This MS networking approach, coupled with dereplication, on the online global natural product social networking (GNPS) web platform led us to putatively identify forty CNPs: fourteen anabaenopeptins, ten microcystins, five cyanopeptolins, six microginins, two cyanobactins, a dipeptide radiosumin, a cyclooctapeptide planktocyclin, and epidolastatin 12. We applied the binary logistic regression to estimate the CNPs producers by correlating the GNPS data with the species abundance. The usage of the GNPS web platform proved a valuable approach for the rapid and simultaneous detection of a large number of peptides and rapid risk assessments for harmful blooms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andreja Kust
- Laboratory of Algal Biotechnology-Centre Algatech, Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 37901 Třeboň, Czech Republic; (A.K.); (J.M.); (P.H.)
- Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Hydrobiology, 37005 České Budějovice, Czech Republic; (K.Ř.); (J.V.); (M.-C.C.)
| | - Klára Řeháková
- Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Hydrobiology, 37005 České Budějovice, Czech Republic; (K.Ř.); (J.V.); (M.-C.C.)
- Institute of Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 37901 Třeboň, Czech Republic
| | - Jaroslav Vrba
- Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Hydrobiology, 37005 České Budějovice, Czech Republic; (K.Ř.); (J.V.); (M.-C.C.)
- Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, 37005 České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Vincent Maicher
- Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, USA;
| | - Jan Mareš
- Laboratory of Algal Biotechnology-Centre Algatech, Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 37901 Třeboň, Czech Republic; (A.K.); (J.M.); (P.H.)
- Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Hydrobiology, 37005 České Budějovice, Czech Republic; (K.Ř.); (J.V.); (M.-C.C.)
- Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, 37005 České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Hrouzek
- Laboratory of Algal Biotechnology-Centre Algatech, Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 37901 Třeboň, Czech Republic; (A.K.); (J.M.); (P.H.)
- Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, 37005 České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Maria-Cecilia Chiriac
- Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Hydrobiology, 37005 České Budějovice, Czech Republic; (K.Ř.); (J.V.); (M.-C.C.)
| | - Zdeňka Benedová
- ENKI, o.p.s. Třeboň, Dukelská 145, 37901 Třeboň, Czech Republic; (Z.B.); (B.T.)
| | - Blanka Tesařová
- ENKI, o.p.s. Třeboň, Dukelská 145, 37901 Třeboň, Czech Republic; (Z.B.); (B.T.)
- Faculty of Agriculture, University of South Bohemia, Applied Ecology Laboratory, 37005 České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Kumar Saurav
- Laboratory of Algal Biotechnology-Centre Algatech, Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 37901 Třeboň, Czech Republic; (A.K.); (J.M.); (P.H.)
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Biessy L, Pearman JK, Smith KF, Hawes I, Wood SA. Seasonal and Spatial Variations in Bacterial Communities From Tetrodotoxin-Bearing and Non-tetrodotoxin-Bearing Clams. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:1860. [PMID: 32849450 PMCID: PMC7419435 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.01860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Tetrodotoxin (TTX) is one of the most potent naturally occurring compounds and is responsible for many human intoxications worldwide. Paphies australis are endemic clams to New Zealand which contain varying concentrations of TTX. Research suggests that P. australis accumulate the toxin exogenously, but the source remains uncertain. The aim of this study was to identify potential bacterial TTX-producers by exploring differences in bacterial communities in two organs of P. australis: the siphon and digestive gland. Samples from the digestive glands of a non-toxic bivalve Austrovenus stutchburyi that lives amongst toxic P. australis populations were also analyzed. Bacterial communities were characterized using 16S ribosomal RNA gene metabarcoding in P. australis sourced monthly from the Hokianga Harbor, a site known to have TTX-bearing clams, for 1 year, from ten sites with varying TTX concentrations around New Zealand, and in A. stutchburyi from the Hokianga Harbor. Tetrodotoxin was detected in P. australis from sites all around New Zealand and in all P. australis collected monthly from the Hokianga Harbor. The toxin averaged 150 μg kg-1 over the year of sampling in the Hokianga Harbor but no TTX was detected in the A. stutchburyi samples from the same site. Bacterial species diversity differed amongst sites (p < 0.001, F = 5.9) and the diversity in siphon samples was significantly higher than in digestive glands (p < 0.001, F = 65.8). Spirochaetaceae (4-60%) and Mycoplasmataceae (16-78%) were the most abundant families in the siphons and the digestive glands, respectively. The bacterial communities were compared between sites with the lowest TTX concentrations and the Hokianga Harbor (site with the highest TTX concentrations), and the core bacterial communities from TTX-bearing individuals were analyzed. The results from both spatial and temporal studies corroborate with previous hypotheses that Vibrio and Bacillus could be responsible for the source of TTX in bivalves. The results from this study also indicate that marine cyanobacteria, in particular picocyanobacteria (e.g., Cyanobium, Synechococcus, Pleurocapsa, and Prochlorococcus), should be investigated further as potential TTX producers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Biessy
- Coastal and Freshwater, Cawthron Institute, Nelson, New Zealand.,Department of Biological Sciences, University of Waikato, Hamilton, New Zealand.,New Zealand Food Safety Science and Research Centre, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - John K Pearman
- Coastal and Freshwater, Cawthron Institute, Nelson, New Zealand
| | - Kirsty F Smith
- Coastal and Freshwater, Cawthron Institute, Nelson, New Zealand
| | - Ian Hawes
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Waikato, Hamilton, New Zealand
| | - Susanna A Wood
- Coastal and Freshwater, Cawthron Institute, Nelson, New Zealand
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Berman MC, Llames ME, Minotti P, Fermani P, Quiroga MV, Ferraro MA, Metz S, Zagarese HE. Field evidence supports former experimental claims on the stimulatory effect of glyphosate on picocyanobacteria communities. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 701:134601. [PMID: 31734485 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.134601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2019] [Revised: 09/07/2019] [Accepted: 09/20/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Glyphosate-based herbicides are the most commonly used herbicide worldwide. Although glyphosate is known to be toxic to aquatic organisms, it can also have stimulatory effects on small-size (ø <2 µm) cyanobacteria (Pcy) able to metabolize and degrade glyphosate and AMPA. Several previous experimental studies in micro- and mesocosms reported increases of Pcy abundance in response to glyphosate additions, but comparable field evidence is presently unavailable. We surveyed a large geographical area in order to collect information on Pcy abundance from lakes within the Pampa region (with over three decades of glyphosate usage) and lakes from Patagonia (with virtually no history of glyphosate usage). Fifty-two Pampean lakes and 24 Patagonian lakes were surveyed. We used three indicators of glyphosate impact: herbicide concentration, the presence of phosphonate metabolism genes (responsible for glyphosate and AMPA degradation) in environmental DNA samples, and descriptors of land use in the surrounding area of each lake. We addressed three questions: (1) is there field evidence of stimulatory effects of glyphosate on picocyanobacteria abundance? (2) is the magnitude of the effects of glyphosate in natural systems comparable to that reported under controlled experimental conditions? and (3), how do the effects of glyphosate compare to the effects of other potential environmental drivers of Pcy biomass? The collected evidence is consistent with the hypothesis that long-term agricultural practices relying on glyphosate-based technologies had important effects on freshwater microbial communities, particularly by promoting increases in picocyanobacteria abundance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Castro Berman
- Institute of Biotechnological Research. Av., Intendente Marinos Km. 8,2, 7130 PB Chascomús, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - María E Llames
- Institute of Biotechnological Research. Av., Intendente Marinos Km. 8,2, 7130 PB Chascomús, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Priscilla Minotti
- Institute of Environmental Research and Engineering. Campus Miguelete, 25 de Mayo y Francia, 1650 PB San Martín, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Paulina Fermani
- Institute of Biotechnological Research. Av., Intendente Marinos Km. 8,2, 7130 PB Chascomús, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María V Quiroga
- Institute of Biotechnological Research. Av., Intendente Marinos Km. 8,2, 7130 PB Chascomús, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Marcela A Ferraro
- Institute of Biotechnological Research. Av., Intendente Marinos Km. 8,2, 7130 PB Chascomús, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Sebastián Metz
- Institute of Biotechnological Research. Av., Intendente Marinos Km. 8,2, 7130 PB Chascomús, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Horacio E Zagarese
- Institute of Biotechnological Research. Av., Intendente Marinos Km. 8,2, 7130 PB Chascomús, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Guo W, Zhu S, Feng G, Wu L, Feng Y, Guo T, Yang Y, Wu H, Zeng M. Microalgae aqueous extracts exert intestinal protective effects in Caco-2 cells and dextran sodium sulphate-induced mouse colitis. Food Funct 2020; 11:1098-1109. [DOI: 10.1039/c9fo01028a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Aqueous extracts from Chlorella pyrenoidosa, Spirulina platensis and Synechococcus sp. PCC 7002 showed gut protective potential in vitro and in vivo.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Guo
- College of Food Science and Engineering
- Ocean University of China
- Qingdao
- China
| | - Suqin Zhu
- College of Food Science and Engineering
- Ocean University of China
- Qingdao
- China
| | - Guangxin Feng
- College of Food Science and Engineering
- Ocean University of China
- Qingdao
- China
| | - Lingyu Wu
- College of Food Science and Engineering
- Ocean University of China
- Qingdao
- China
| | - Yinong Feng
- College of Food Science and Engineering
- Ocean University of China
- Qingdao
- China
| | - Tengjiao Guo
- College of Food Science and Engineering
- Ocean University of China
- Qingdao
- China
| | - Yisheng Yang
- College of Food Science and Engineering
- Ocean University of China
- Qingdao
- China
| | - Haohao Wu
- College of Food Science and Engineering
- Ocean University of China
- Qingdao
- China
| | - Mingyong Zeng
- College of Food Science and Engineering
- Ocean University of China
- Qingdao
- China
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Raven JA, Gobler CJ, Hansen PJ. Dynamic CO 2 and pH levels in coastal, estuarine, and inland waters: Theoretical and observed effects on harmful algal blooms. HARMFUL ALGAE 2020; 91:101594. [PMID: 32057340 DOI: 10.1016/j.hal.2019.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2019] [Accepted: 03/08/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Rising concentrations of atmospheric CO2 results in higher equilibrium concentrations of dissolved CO2 in natural waters, with corresponding increases in hydrogen ion and bicarbonate concentrations and decreases in hydroxyl ion and carbonate concentrations. Superimposed on these climate change effects is the dynamic nature of carbon cycling in coastal zones, which can lead to seasonal and diel changes in pH and CO2 concentrations that can exceed changes expected for open ocean ecosystems by the end of the century. Among harmful algae, i.e. some species and/or strains of Cyanobacteria, Dinophyceae, Prymnesiophyceae, Bacillariophyceae, and Ulvophyceae, the occurrence of a CO2 concentrating mechanisms (CCMs) is the most frequent mechanism of inorganic carbon acquisition in natural waters in equilibrium with the present atmosphere (400 μmol CO2 mol-1 total gas), with varying phenotypic modification of the CCM. No data on CCMs are available for Raphidophyceae or the brown tide Pelagophyceae. Several HAB species and/or strains respond to increased CO2 concentrations with increases in growth rate and/or cellular toxin content, however, others are unaffected. Beyond the effects of altered C concentrations and speciation on HABs, changes in pH in natural waters are likely to have profound effects on algal physiology. This review outlines the implications of changes in inorganic cycling for HABs in coastal zones, and reviews the knowns and unknowns with regard to how HABs can be expected to ocean acidification. We further point to the large regions of uncertainty with regard to this evolving field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- John A Raven
- Division of Plant Sciences, University of Dundee at the James Hutton Institute, Invergowrie, Dundee, DD2 5DA, UK; Climate Change Cluster, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, 2007, Australia; School of Biological Science, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, 6009, Australia.
| | - Christopher J Gobler
- School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences, Stony Brook University, Southampton NY, 11968, USA.
| | - Per Juel Hansen
- University of Copenhagen, Marine Biological Section, Strandpromenaden 5, DK 3000 Helsingør, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
de J Magalhães AA, da Luz LD, de Aguiar Junior TR. Environmental factors driving the dominance of the harmful bloom-forming cyanobacteria Microcystis and Aphanocapsa in a tropical water supply reservoir. WATER ENVIRONMENT RESEARCH : A RESEARCH PUBLICATION OF THE WATER ENVIRONMENT FEDERATION 2019; 91:1466-1478. [PMID: 31074893 DOI: 10.1002/wer.1141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2019] [Revised: 04/15/2019] [Accepted: 05/05/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Harmful cyanobacterial blooms in reservoirs have become a serious global issue for environmental health. However, dominance among different toxic cyanobacteria genera remains poorly understood, especially in tropical areas. We evaluated the influence of environmental factors, including total phosphorus, dissolved aluminum, water level, and precipitation on the change of the dominant genus from Microcystis to Aphanocapsa, in a hypereutrophic tropical reservoir, using 443 water samples over six years of field monitoring by applying generalized linear models (GLM). The results pointed out the prevalence of longer hydrologic retention time leading to enhanced water stability, and nutrients' accumulation into the hypolimnetic zones of the reservoir may have favored the ecophysiological advantages for the picocyanobacteria Aphanocapsa, which reached densities greater than 1 million/ml. In addition, this article also suggests that physical-chemical remediation methods applied for immobilizing phosphorus in the sediments of the reservoir may be low effective in limiting cyanobacterial growth. These findings are not only meaningful to the understanding of the dynamics of cyanobacterial genera but also to improve the management of eutrophic reservoirs in tropical regions. PRACTITIONER POINTS: We assessed cyanobacterial dominance changes based on 6-year field monitoring. First article addressing the dominance of Aphanocapsa spp. in a tropical reservoir. Species of Aphanocapsa responded better to hydrological changes in the reservoir. The use of remediators was accompanied by an increase in cyanobacteria biomass.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aline A de J Magalhães
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Bahia (UFBA), Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Lafayette D da Luz
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Bahia (UFBA), Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
Frau D, Medrano J, Calvi C, Giorgi A. Water quality assessment of a neotropical pampean lowland stream using a phytoplankton functional trait approach. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2019; 191:681. [PMID: 31656998 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-019-7849-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2019] [Accepted: 09/29/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to test whether the water quality phytoplankton assemblage index adapted for rivers (Qr index) is useful to characterize the water quality of a neotropical stream. We were interested also in inferring the main pollutants through a phytoplankton functional trait characterization and assessing the phytoplankton groups which may influence the Qr index final estimations. Monthly sampling of environmental variables and phytoplankton were done in three sites (S1, S2, and S3). Phytoplankton was classified according to Reynolds Functional Groups (RFG) and water quality estimation was performed using the Qr index. Principal coordinates (PCO) and PERMANOVA were applied to identify the main pollutants through the RFG. RFG linkage to Qr values was assessed by general linear models (GLM). "Moderate" water quality was found in S1 the whole year, in all sampling stations during the winter, and in summer-autumn in S2. "Regular" water quality was found in S3 during the summer-autumn, and S2-S3 during the spring. S1 and S2 showed eutrophic, standing, or mix waters whereas S3 had high organic matter content and eutrophic conditions. Despite some RFG (X1 and MP) being linked to high Qr values and some other (M, S1 and Z) to low, their dominance did not influence water quality estimation performed by the Qr. We conclude that the Qr index was useful for assessing the water quality. Though RFG were valuable for inferring eutrophication, organic pollution, and mixing, but their dominance does not necessarily have a direct effect on the final Qr estimation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Diego Frau
- Laboratorio de Plancton, Instituto Nacional de Limnología (CONICET-UNL), Ciudad Universitaria Paraje El Pozo S/N, Santa Fe, Argentina.
| | - Jonathan Medrano
- Facultad de Ciencias y Tecnología, Universidad Autónoma de Entre Ríos, Ruta Provincial No. 11. Km 10.5, Oro Verde, Argentina
| | - Claudia Calvi
- Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Ciudad Universitaria Paraje El Pozo S/N, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Adonis Giorgi
- Departamento de Ciencias Básicas (INEDES, UNLu-CONICET), Universidad Nacional de Luján, Luján, Argentina
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Abstract
Eutrophication is a process that occurs due to the excessive accumulation of nutrients, primarily nitrogen and phosphorus, from natural and anthropogenic sources. This phenomenon causes cyanobacterial overgrowth, which over time leads to cyanobacterial harmful algal blooms (CHABs) that affect public drinking water sources and water sites with recreational usage. The rapid detection of bloom-forming cyanobacteria in freshwater bodies is critical in order to implement prevention strategies. Cyanobacteria contain phycobiliproteins such as phycoerythrin and allophycocyanin as part of the phycobilisome that allows autofluorescence. In this study, samples from 36 freshwater bodies in 14 New Jersey counties were collected and analyzed using flow cytometry with forward-scatter phycoerythrin and allophycocyanin parameters. Pure cultures of Synechococcus sp. IU 625, Cylindrospermum spp. and Microcystis aeruginosa were used as references. The results revealed that 17 out of the 36 analyzed sites contained all three references and related species. Seven sites showed Microcystis and Cylindrospermum-like species, while four sites indicated Microcystis and Cylindrospermum-like species. Six water bodies showed Cylindrospermum-like species, and two sites showed Microcystis-like species. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based assays further confirmed the flow cytometric results. The findings from this study suggest that flow cytometry could potentially serve as a rapid method for freshwater cyanobacteria detection and screening.
Collapse
|
33
|
Casero MC, Velázquez D, Medina-Cobo M, Quesada A, Cirés S. Unmasking the identity of toxigenic cyanobacteria driving a multi-toxin bloom by high-throughput sequencing of cyanotoxins genes and 16S rRNA metabarcoding. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 665:367-378. [PMID: 30772567 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.02.083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2018] [Revised: 01/14/2019] [Accepted: 02/05/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Cyanobacterial harmful algal blooms (CyanoHABs) are complex communities that include coexisting toxic and non-toxic strains only distinguishable by genetic methods. This study shows a water-management oriented use of next generation sequencing (NGS) to specifically pinpoint toxigenic cyanobacteria within a bloom simultaneously containing three of the most widespread cyanotoxins (the hepatotoxins microcystins, MCs; and the neurotoxins anatoxin-a, ATX, and saxitoxins, STXs). The 2013 summer bloom in Rosarito reservoir (Spain) comprised 33 cyanobacterial OTUs based on 16S rRNA metabarcoding, 7 of which accounted for as much as 96.6% of the community. Cyanotoxins and their respective biosynthesis genes were concurrently present throughout the entire bloom event including: MCs and mcyE gene; ATX and anaF gene; and STXs and sxtI gene. NGS applied to amplicons of cyanotoxin-biosynthesis genes unveiled 6 toxigenic OTUs, comprising 3 involved in MCs production (Planktothrix agardhii and 2 Microcystis spp.), 2 in ATX production (Cuspidothrix issatschenkoi and Phormidium/Tychonema spp.) and 1 in STXs production (Aphanizomenon gracile). These toxigenic taxa were also present in 16S rRNA OTUs list and their relative abundance was positively correlated with the respective toxin concentrations. Our results point at MC-producing P. agardhii and ATX-producing C. issatschenkoi as the main contributors to the moderate toxin concentrations observed, and suggest that their distribution in Southern Europe is broader than previously thought. Our findings also stress the need for monitoring low-abundance cyanobacteria (<1% relative abundance) in cyanotoxicity studies, and provide novel data on the presence of picocyanobacteria and potentially ATX-producing benthic taxa (e.g., Phormidium) in deep thermally-stratified water bodies. This study showcases a straightforward use of amplicon metagenomics of cyanotoxin biosynthesis genes in a multi-toxin bloom thus illustrating the broad applicability of NGS for water management in risk-oriented monitoring of CyanoHABs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- María Cristina Casero
- Departamento de Biología, C/Darwin, 2, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, ES-28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - David Velázquez
- Departamento de Biología, C/Darwin, 2, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, ES-28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel Medina-Cobo
- Centro de Estudios Hidrográficos, Paseo Bajo de la Virgen del Puerto, 3, CEDEX, ES-28005 Madrid, Spain
| | - Antonio Quesada
- Departamento de Biología, C/Darwin, 2, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, ES-28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Samuel Cirés
- Departamento de Biología, C/Darwin, 2, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, ES-28049 Madrid, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Li H, Alsanea A, Barber M, Goel R. High-throughput DNA sequencing reveals the dominance of pico- and other filamentous cyanobacteria in an urban freshwater Lake. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 661:465-480. [PMID: 30677691 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.01.141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2018] [Revised: 01/10/2019] [Accepted: 01/12/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The current study presents findings related to algal blooms in a fresh water lake, which has been experiencing severe cyanobacterial blooms (CyanoHABs). Primarily, picocyanobacteria belonging to the genus Synechococcus and filamentous cyanobacterial group belonging to Aphanizomenon and Dolichospermum dominated top water column during non-bloom and bloom periods respectively. The dominance of Synechococcus in early summer informs that blooming in Utah Lake starts in early summer and then later is taken over by other bloom-forming cyanobacteria, such as species belonging to the genus Aphanizomenon. A strong negative correlation (r = -0.9, p < 0.001) was found between the occurrence of Aphanizomenon and Synechococcus which correlates very well with the fact that the blooms of these two different cyanobacteria never coexisted. The predominance of cyanobacteria in 2017 was attributed more to temperature (r = 0.18, p < 0.001). The Actinobacteria was negatively correlated with primary production and high chlorophyll a concentration. Flavobacterium and Limnohabitans were the main phytoplankton colonizers and predators detected that could secrete extracellular enzymes to degrade algal exudates (such as proteins and polysaccharides). Additionally, cyanotoxins producers Microcystis aeruginosa and Planktothrix accounted for up to 12.43% and 7.04% of total cyanobacteria abundance during blooms. The relative abundance of chloroplast reads was overall lower than the cyanobacteria reads, except for the May 5th sampling in 2017. There was inter-annual variability in the bloom-associated heterotrophic bacterial populations, but these populations were consistent with bloom-associated bacterial populations found in other lakes. Community diversity analysis for both Shannon and Simpson indices indicated lower community diversity during the bloom period. The beta diversity conducted by PCoA and UPGMA trees suggested the significant temporal rather than spatial impacts on shaping the phytoplankton community structures during the summer season.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hanyan Li
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Utah, UT, USA
| | - Anwar Alsanea
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Utah, UT, USA
| | - Michael Barber
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Utah, UT, USA
| | - Ramesh Goel
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Utah, UT, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Trombetta T, Vidussi F, Mas S, Parin D, Simier M, Mostajir B. Water temperature drives phytoplankton blooms in coastal waters. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0214933. [PMID: 30951553 PMCID: PMC6450617 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0214933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2018] [Accepted: 03/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Phytoplankton blooms are an important, widespread phenomenon in open oceans, coastal waters and freshwaters, supporting food webs and essential ecosystem services. Blooms are even more important in exploited coastal waters for maintaining high resource production. However, the environmental factors driving blooms in shallow productive coastal waters are still unclear, making it difficult to assess how environmental fluctuations influence bloom phenology and productivity. To gain insights into bloom phenology, Chl a fluorescence and meteorological and hydrological parameters were monitored at high-frequency (15 min) and nutrient concentrations and phytoplankton abundance and diversity, were monitored weekly in a typical Mediterranean shallow coastal system (Thau Lagoon). This study was carried out from winter to late spring in two successive years with different climatic conditions: 2014/2015 was typical, but the winter of 2015/2016 was the warmest on record. Rising water temperature was the main driver of phytoplankton blooms. However, blooms were sometimes correlated with winds and sometimes correlated with salinity, suggesting nutrients were supplied by water transport via winds, saltier seawater intake, rain and water flow events. This finding indicates the joint role of these factors in determining the success of phytoplankton blooms. Furthermore, interannual variability showed that winter water temperature was higher in 2016 than in 2015, resulting in lower phytoplankton biomass accumulation in the following spring. Moreover, the phytoplankton abundances and diversity also changed: cyanobacteria (< 1 μm), picoeukaryotes (< 1 μm) and nanoeukaryotes (3–6 μm) increased to the detriment of larger phytoplankton such as diatoms. Water temperature is a key factor affecting phytoplankton bloom dynamics in shallow productive coastal waters and could become crucial with future global warming by modifying bloom phenology and changing phytoplankton community structure, in turn affecting the entire food web and ecosystem services.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Trombetta
- MARBEC (Marine Biodiversity, Exploitation and Conservation), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université de Montpellier, Institut Français de Recherche pour l’Exploitation de la Mer, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Montpellier, France
- * E-mail:
| | - Francesca Vidussi
- MARBEC (Marine Biodiversity, Exploitation and Conservation), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université de Montpellier, Institut Français de Recherche pour l’Exploitation de la Mer, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Montpellier, France
| | - Sébastien Mas
- MEDIMEER (Mediterranean Platform for Marine Ecosystems Experimental Research), Observatoire de Recherche Méditerranéen de l’Environnement, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université de Montpellier, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Institut National de Recherche en Sciences et Technologies pour l’Environnement et l’Agriculture, Sète, France
| | - David Parin
- MEDIMEER (Mediterranean Platform for Marine Ecosystems Experimental Research), Observatoire de Recherche Méditerranéen de l’Environnement, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université de Montpellier, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Institut National de Recherche en Sciences et Technologies pour l’Environnement et l’Agriculture, Sète, France
| | - Monique Simier
- MARBEC (Marine Biodiversity, Exploitation and Conservation), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université de Montpellier, Institut Français de Recherche pour l’Exploitation de la Mer, Sète, France
| | - Behzad Mostajir
- MARBEC (Marine Biodiversity, Exploitation and Conservation), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université de Montpellier, Institut Français de Recherche pour l’Exploitation de la Mer, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Montpellier, France
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
O'Farrell I, Motta C, Forastier M, Polla W, Otaño S, Meichtry N, Devercelli M, Lombardo R. Ecological meta-analysis of bloom-forming planktonic Cyanobacteria in Argentina. HARMFUL ALGAE 2019; 83:1-13. [PMID: 31097251 DOI: 10.1016/j.hal.2019.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2018] [Revised: 01/08/2019] [Accepted: 01/08/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the present research was to summarize the main reasons that explain the distribution of harmful blooms of cyanobacteria in Argentina. It is a large territory with climates ranging from humid tropical to cold temperate. We performed a meta-analysis of the published data and information in technical reports published from 1945 to 2015, and included additional data from personal non-published studies. A total of 122 water bodies affected by planktonic cyanobacterial blooms were recorded and geo-referenced. The analysis showed that blooms, defined as events exceeding 5000 cells/mL, occurred in different types of water bodies, including shallow lakes, rivers, streams, reservoirs, estuaries and storage facilities. Maximum bloom abundance and species and ecological strategies (dispersive, scum-forming, nitrogen fixer) responsible for each event were related to the geographic and climatologic characteristics and type and origin of water bodies. The Puna and the Andean Patagonia eco-regions were mostly free of blooms. The most impaired aquatic systems were shallow lakes and reservoirs (46.7 and 24.6%, respectively). Deep lakes had no reports of blooms and rivers were mainly affected at the regulated reaches, with intensities generally decreasing downstream the dams. Besides, 74.3% of the blooms reported in Argentina exceeded WHO Alert Level 2 for drinking and bathing waters (100,000 cells/mL). Thirty-nine species, identified by Komárek's polyphasic approach to taxonomy, were responsible for the blooms. Microcystis aeruginosa, Dolichospermum spiroides, Dolichospermum circinale, Raphidiopsis mediterranea and Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii were frequently found participating in either mixed or single species blooms. The species distribution was associated with the eco-region and aquatic system typologies and affected by seasonality and climatological and geographic variables. The eco-strategies of cyanobacterial species showed stronger associations with the qualitative and quantitative indicators used in the meta-analysis, and appeared as useful tools for management measures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Inés O'Farrell
- Departamento de Ecología, Genética y Evolución, Instituto IEGEBA (CONICET-UBA), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires C1428EHA, Argentina.
| | - Carolina Motta
- Departamento de Ecología, Genética y Evolución, Instituto IEGEBA (CONICET-UBA), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires C1428EHA, Argentina.
| | - Marina Forastier
- CONICET, Universidad Nacional del Nordeste, Corrientes, Argentina.
| | - Wanda Polla
- INALI, CONICET, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Santa Fe, Argentina; Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Argentina.
| | | | - Norma Meichtry
- IBS (CONICET), Universidad Nacional de Misiones, Misiones, Argentina.
| | - Melina Devercelli
- INALI, CONICET, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Santa Fe, Argentina.
| | - Ruben Lombardo
- Departamento de Ecología, Genética y Evolución, Instituto IEGEBA (CONICET-UBA), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires C1428EHA, Argentina.
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Rocha MIA, Recknagel F, Minoti RT, Huszar VLM, Kozlowsky-Suzuki B, Cao H, Starling FLRM, Branco CWC. Assessing the effect of abiotic variables and zooplankton on picocyanobacterial dominance in two tropical mesotrophic reservoirs by means of evolutionary computation. WATER RESEARCH 2019; 149:120-129. [PMID: 30423503 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2018.10.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2018] [Revised: 10/20/2018] [Accepted: 10/23/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Evolutionary computation has been applied to predict the occurrence of massive cyanobacteria proliferations; in the present study, this tool was further used to explore the factors responsible for maintaining picocyanobacterial dominance. Aiming to increase the understanding of factors that promote dominance of picocyanobacteria in tropical reservoirs, we chose two reservoirs used for water supplies located in different regions of Brazil and subjected to climate changes such as warmer winters that intensify water column stratification and prolonged dry seasons that cause water level decreases. This study focused on the diagnosis of the relationships among picocyanobacteria (1-2 μm), zooplankton and environmental variables using evolutionary computation. The integrated data analysis performed here was very successful in elucidating the dynamics of picocyanobacterial density variation influenced by both abiotic and biotic factors by the modeling approach. Relative water column stability - RWCS and electrical conductivity were highlighted as the most important environmental drivers for picocyanobacterial peaks. Hybrid Evolutionary Analysis (HEA) models for the two reservoirs indicated for the first time in the literature that rotifers, small-sized cladocerans and copepods (mainly nauplii) can directly or indirectly control picocyanobacteria in tropical mesotrophic reservoirs, depending on RWCS conditions and electrical conductivity. However, this control is modulated by pH, water transparency and water temperature thresholds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M I A Rocha
- Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Biociências, Av. Pasteur, 458/303-Urca, Rio de Janeiro-RJ, 22290-250, Brazil.
| | - F Recknagel
- University of Adelaide, School of Biological Sciences, Seaton 5023, Adelaide, 5005, Australia
| | - R T Minoti
- Universidade de Brasília, Departamento de Engenharia Civil e Ambiental, SG-12, Campus Univ. Darcy Ribeiro, Brasília, DF, 70910-900, Brazil
| | - V L M Huszar
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Museu Nacional, Quinta da Boa Vista s/n, São Cristóvão, Rio de Janeiro-RJ, 20940-040, Brazil
| | - B Kozlowsky-Suzuki
- Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Biociências, Av. Pasteur, 458/303-Urca, Rio de Janeiro-RJ, 22290-250, Brazil
| | - H Cao
- University of Adelaide, School of Biological Sciences, Seaton 5023, Adelaide, 5005, Australia
| | - F L R M Starling
- Companhia de Saneamento Ambiental do Distrito Federal, Unidade de Monitoramento e Informações de Recursos Hídricos, SAIN, A/E s/n, Plano Piloto, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - C W C Branco
- Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Biociências, Av. Pasteur, 458/303-Urca, Rio de Janeiro-RJ, 22290-250, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Christophoridis C, Zervou SK, Manolidi K, Katsiapi M, Moustaka-Gouni M, Kaloudis T, Triantis TM, Hiskia A. Occurrence and diversity of cyanotoxins in Greek lakes. Sci Rep 2018; 8:17877. [PMID: 30552354 PMCID: PMC6294760 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-35428-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2018] [Accepted: 10/30/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Toxic cyanobacteria occur in Greek surface water bodies. However, studies on the occurrence of cyanotoxins (CTs) are often limited to mainly microcystins (MCs), with use of screening methods, such as ELISA, that are not conclusive of the chemical structure of the CT variants and can be subject to false positive results. A multi-lake survey in Greece (14 lakes) was conducted in water and biomass, targeted to a wide range of multi-class CTs including MCs, nodularin-R (NOD), cylindrospermopsin (CYN), anatoxin-a (ANA-a) and saxitoxins (STXs), using multi-class/variant LC-MS/MS analytical workflows, achieving sensitive detection, definitive identification and accurate quantitation. A wide variety of CTs (CYN, ANA-a, STX, neoSTX, dmMC-RR, MC-RR, MC-YR, MC-HtyR, dm3MC-LR, MC-LR, MC-HilR, MC-WR, MC-LA, MC-LY, MC-LW and MC-LF), were detected, with MCs being the most commonly occurring. In biomass, MC-RR was the most abundant toxin, reaching 754 ng mg−1 dw, followed by MC-LR (458 ng mg−1 dw). CYN and ANA-a were detected for the first time in the biomass of Greek lakes at low concentrations and STXs in lakes Trichonis, Vistonis and Petron. The abundance and diversity of CTs were also evaluated in relation to recreational health risks, in a case study with a proven history of MCs (Lake Kastoria).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christophoros Christophoridis
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, National Center for Scientific Research "Demokritos", Patr. Grigoriou E' & Neapoleos 27, 15341, Athens, Greece
| | - Sevasti-Kiriaki Zervou
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, National Center for Scientific Research "Demokritos", Patr. Grigoriou E' & Neapoleos 27, 15341, Athens, Greece
| | - Korina Manolidi
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, National Center for Scientific Research "Demokritos", Patr. Grigoriou E' & Neapoleos 27, 15341, Athens, Greece
| | - Matina Katsiapi
- School of Biology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Maria Moustaka-Gouni
- School of Biology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Triantafyllos Kaloudis
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, National Center for Scientific Research "Demokritos", Patr. Grigoriou E' & Neapoleos 27, 15341, Athens, Greece.,Water Quality Control Department, Athens Water Supply and Sewerage Company - EYDAP SA, Athens, Greece
| | - Theodoros M Triantis
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, National Center for Scientific Research "Demokritos", Patr. Grigoriou E' & Neapoleos 27, 15341, Athens, Greece
| | - Anastasia Hiskia
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, National Center for Scientific Research "Demokritos", Patr. Grigoriou E' & Neapoleos 27, 15341, Athens, Greece.
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Dynamics of Bacterial Community Diversity and Structure in the Terminal Reservoir of the South-To-North Water Diversion Project in China. WATER 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/w10060709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
|
40
|
Paerl HW, Otten TG, Kudela R. Mitigating the Expansion of Harmful Algal Blooms Across the Freshwater-to-Marine Continuum. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2018; 52:5519-5529. [PMID: 29656639 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.7b05950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 139] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Anthropogenic nutrient overenrichment, coupled with rising temperatures, and an increasing frequency of extreme hydrologic events (storms and droughts) are accelerating eutrophication and promoting the expansion of harmful algal blooms (HABs) across the freshwater-to-marine continuum. All HABs-with a focus here on cyanobacterial blooms-pose serious consequences for water supplies, fisheries, recreational uses, tourism, and property values. As nutrient loads grow in watersheds, they begin to compound the effects of legacy stores. This has led to a paradigm shift in our understanding of how nutrients control eutrophication and blooms. Phosphorus (P) reductions have been traditionally prescribed exclusively for freshwater systems, while nitrogen (N) reductions were mainly stressed for brackish and coastal waters. However, because most systems are hydrologically interconnected, single nutrient (e.g., P only) reductions upstream may not necessarily reduce HAB impacts downstream. Reducing both N and P inputs is the only viable nutrient management solution for long-term control of HABs along the continuum. This article highlights where paired physical, chemical, or biological controls may improve beneficial uses in the short term, and offers management strategies that should be enacted across watershed scales to combat the global expansion of HABs across geographically broad freshwater-to-marine continua.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hans W Paerl
- Institute of Marine Sciences , University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , 3431 Arendell Street , Morehead City , North Carolina 28557 , United States
| | - Timothy G Otten
- Bend Genetics , 87 Scripps Drive, Ste. 108 , Sacramento , California 95825 , United States
| | - Raphael Kudela
- Ocean Sciences & Institute for Marine Sciences , University of California Santa Cruz , 1156 High Street , Santa Cruz , California 95064 , United States
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Montoya-Pachongo C, Douterelo I, Noakes C, Camargo-Valero MA, Sleigh A, Escobar-Rivera JC, Torres-Lozada P. Field assessment of bacterial communities and total trihalomethanes: Implications for drinking water networks. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 616-617:345-354. [PMID: 29126052 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.10.254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2017] [Revised: 10/22/2017] [Accepted: 10/24/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Operation and maintenance (O&M) of drinking water distribution networks (DWDNs) in tropical countries simultaneously face the control of acute and chronic risks due to the presence of microorganisms and disinfection by-products, respectively. In this study, results from a detailed field characterization of microbiological, chemical and infrastructural parameters of a tropical-climate DWDN are presented. Water physicochemical parameters and the characteristics of the network were assessed to evaluate the relationship between abiotic and microbiological factors and their association with the presence of total trihalomethanes (TTHMs). Illumina sequencing of the bacterial 16s rRNA gene revealed significant differences in the composition of biofilm and planktonic communities. The highly diverse biofilm communities showed the presence of methylotrophic bacteria, which suggest the presence of methyl radicals such as THMs within this habitat. Microbiological parameters correlated with water age, pH, temperature and free residual chlorine. The results from this study are necessary to increase the awareness of O&M practices in DWDNs required to reduce biofilm formation and maintain appropriate microbiological and chemical water quality, in relation to biofilm detachment and DBP formation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Montoya-Pachongo
- Institute for Public Health and Environmental Engineering (iPHEE), School of Civil Engineering, University of Leeds, Woodhouse Lane, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK.
| | - Isabel Douterelo
- Pennine Water Group, Department of Civil and Structural Engineering, Sir Frederick Mappin Building, The University of Sheffield, Mappin St., Sheffield S1 3JD, UK
| | - Catherine Noakes
- Institute for Public Health and Environmental Engineering (iPHEE), School of Civil Engineering, University of Leeds, Woodhouse Lane, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Miller Alonso Camargo-Valero
- Institute for Public Health and Environmental Engineering (iPHEE), School of Civil Engineering, University of Leeds, Woodhouse Lane, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK; Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Campus La Nubia, Manizales, Colombia
| | - Andrew Sleigh
- Institute for Public Health and Environmental Engineering (iPHEE), School of Civil Engineering, University of Leeds, Woodhouse Lane, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
| | | | - Patricia Torres-Lozada
- Grupo de Investigación Estudio y Control de la Contaminación Ambiental (ECCA), Universidad del Valle, Calle 13 No. 100-00, Cali, Colombia
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Kosiba J, Krztoń W, Wilk-Woźniak E. Effect of Microcystins on Proto- and Metazooplankton Is More Evident in Artificial Than in Natural Waterbodies. MICROBIAL ECOLOGY 2018; 75:293-302. [PMID: 28866755 PMCID: PMC5742606 DOI: 10.1007/s00248-017-1058-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2017] [Accepted: 08/22/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The increasing proliferation of cyanobacterial blooms prolongs the impact of cyanobacteria on aquatic fauna, potentially altering trophic relationships. We hypothesized that any effect of dissolved microcystins (toxins produced by cyanobacteria) on plankton assemblages would be more evident in artificial reservoirs and ponds than in natural ones. The concentrations of dissolved microcystins in the waters we studied ranged widely from 0.07 to 0.81 μg/L. We showed that the artificial ponds were subjected to more frequent and longer-lasting harmful algal blooms. The plankton occurring in them were exposed to significantly higher concentrations of dissolved microcystins than those in natural oxbow lakes. Using a general linear model (GLM) regression, our study identified a significant relationship between dissolved microcystins and both the density and biomass of particular zooplankton groups (ciliates, rotifers, cladocerans, copepods). The density, biomass, and richness of the animal plankton were significantly lower in the artificial ponds than in the natural oxbow lakes. The impact of microcystins and the length of time that they remained in the water caused structural homogenization of the plankton.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Kosiba
- Department of Freshwater Biology, Institute of Nature Conservation, Polish Academy of Sciences, Al. Adama Mickiewicza 33, 31-120, Krakow, Poland
| | - W Krztoń
- Department of Freshwater Biology, Institute of Nature Conservation, Polish Academy of Sciences, Al. Adama Mickiewicza 33, 31-120, Krakow, Poland
| | - E Wilk-Woźniak
- Department of Freshwater Biology, Institute of Nature Conservation, Polish Academy of Sciences, Al. Adama Mickiewicza 33, 31-120, Krakow, Poland.
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Śliwińska-Wilczewska S, Maculewicz J, Barreiro Felpeto A, Latała A. Allelopathic and Bloom-Forming Picocyanobacteria in a Changing World. Toxins (Basel) 2018; 10:E48. [PMID: 29361682 PMCID: PMC5793135 DOI: 10.3390/toxins10010048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2017] [Revised: 01/17/2018] [Accepted: 01/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Picocyanobacteria are extremely important organisms in the world's oceans and freshwater ecosystems. They play an essential role in primary production and their domination in phytoplankton biomass is common in both oligotrophic and eutrophic waters. Their role is expected to become even more relevant with the effect of climate change. However, this group of photoautotrophic organisms still remains insufficiently recognized. Only a few works have focused in detail on the occurrence of massive blooms of picocyanobacteria, their toxicity and allelopathic activity. Filling the gap in our knowledge about the mechanisms involved in the proliferation of these organisms could provide a better understanding of aquatic environments. In this review, we gathered and described recent information about allelopathic activity of picocyanobacteria and occurrence of their massive blooms in many aquatic ecosystems. We also examined the relationships between climate change and representative picocyanobacterial genera from freshwater, brackish and marine ecosystems. This work emphasizes the importance of studying the smallest picoplanktonic fractions of cyanobacteria.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sylwia Śliwińska-Wilczewska
- Institute of Oceanography, Faculty of Oceanography and Geography, University of Gdansk, Av. Pilsudskiego 46, 81-378 Gdynia, Poland.
| | - Jakub Maculewicz
- Institute of Oceanography, Faculty of Oceanography and Geography, University of Gdansk, Av. Pilsudskiego 46, 81-378 Gdynia, Poland.
| | - Aldo Barreiro Felpeto
- Interdisciplinary Center of Marine and Environmental Research-CIMAR/CIIMAR, University of Porto, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal.
| | - Adam Latała
- Institute of Oceanography, Faculty of Oceanography and Geography, University of Gdansk, Av. Pilsudskiego 46, 81-378 Gdynia, Poland.
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Lewandowska AU, Śliwińska-Wilczewska S, Woźniczka D. Identification of cyanobacteria and microalgae in aerosols of various sizes in the air over the Southern Baltic Sea. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2017; 125:30-38. [PMID: 28823424 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2017.07.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2017] [Revised: 06/28/2017] [Accepted: 07/29/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Bioaerosols were collected between April and November 2015 on land (Gdynia) and at sea (Southwestern Baltic), using six-step microbiological pollutant sampler. It was determined that picoplanktonic cyanobacteria of the genus Synechococcus, Synechocystis, Aphanocapsa, Aphanothece, Microcystis, Merismopedia, Woronichinia and Cyanodictyon were the most commonly found in aerosols both over land and at sea. Chlorophyta were also numerous (Chlorella vulgaris, Stichococcus bacillaris), as were Bacillariophyta and Ochrophyta (Phaeodactylum sp., Navicula cf. perminuta and Nannochloropsis cf. gaditana). As primary production and phytoplankton concentration in sea water grew, so did the diversity of the microorganisms identified in bioaerosols. Over the sea cyanobacteria and microalgae occurred more often in large aerosols (>3.3μm). Over land they were mainly the components of smaller particles. In respirable particles species both capable of producing harmful secondary metabolites and potentially toxic ones were identified. We assume that bioaerosols pose the actual threat to human health in Baltic Sea region.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anita Urszula Lewandowska
- Department of Marine Chemistry and Marine Environmental Protection Institute, Gdansk University, Al. M. Piłsudskiego 46, 81-378 Gdynia, Poland.
| | - Sylwia Śliwińska-Wilczewska
- Division of Marine Ecosystems Functioning, Faculty of Oceanography and Geography, Gdansk University, Al. M. Piłsudskiego 46, 81-378 Gdynia, Poland
| | - Dominika Woźniczka
- Department of Marine Chemistry and Marine Environmental Protection Institute, Gdansk University, Al. M. Piłsudskiego 46, 81-378 Gdynia, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Nijampatnam B, Dutta S, Velu SE. Recent advances in isolation, synthesis, and evaluation of bioactivities of bispyrroloquinone alkaloids of marine origin. Chin J Nat Med 2016; 13:561-77. [PMID: 26253489 DOI: 10.1016/s1875-5364(15)30052-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The ocean continues to provide a plethora of unique scaffolds capable of remarkable biological applications. A large number of pyrroloiminoquinone alkaloids, including discorhabdins, epinardins, batzellines, makaluvamines, and veiutamine, have been isolated from various marine organisms. A class of pyrroloiminoquinone-related alkaloids, known as bispyrroloquinones, is the focus of this review article. This family of marine alkaloids, which contain an aryl substituted bispyrroloquinone ring system, includes three subclasses of alkaloids namely, wakayin, tsitsikammamines A-B, and zyzzyanones A-D. Both wakayin and the tsitsikammamines contain a tetracyclic fused bispyrroloiminoquinone ring system, while zyzzyanones contain a fused tricyclic bispyrroloquinone ring system. The unique chemical structures of these marine natural products and their diverse biological properties, including antifungal and antimicrobial activity, as well as the potent, albeit generally nonspecific and universal cytotoxicities, have attracted great interest of synthetic chemists over the past three decades. Tsitsikammamines, wakayin, and several of their analogs show inhibition of topoisomerases. One additional possible mechanism of anticancer activity of tsitsikammamines analogs that has been discovered recently is through the inhibition of indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase, an enzyme involved in tumoral immune resistance. This review discusses the isolation, synthesis, and evaluation of bioactivities of bispyrroloquinone alkaloids and their analogs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Shilpa Dutta
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Sadanandan E Velu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Wang W, Nijampatnam B, Velu SE, Zhang R. Discovery and development of synthetic tricyclic pyrroloquinone (TPQ) alkaloid analogs for human cancer therapy. Front Chem Sci Eng 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s11705-016-1562-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
|
47
|
Pizarro H, Vera MS, Vinocur A, Pérez G, Ferraro M, Menéndez Helman RJ, Dos Santos Afonso M. Glyphosate input modifies microbial community structure in clear and turbid freshwater systems. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 23:5143-53. [PMID: 26552793 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-015-5748-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2015] [Accepted: 11/03/2015] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Since it was commercially introduced in 1974, glyphosate has been one of the most commonly used herbicides in agriculture worldwide, and there is growing concern about its adverse effects on the environment. Assuming that glyphosate may increase the organic turbidity of water bodies, we evaluated the effect of a single application of 2.4 ± 0.1 mg l(-1) of glyphosate (technical grade) on freshwater bacterioplankton and phytoplankton (pico, micro, and nanophytoplankton) and on the physical and chemical properties of the water. We used outdoor experimental mesocosms under clear and oligotrophic (phytoplanktonic chlorophyll a = 2.04 μg l(-1); turbidity = 2.0 NTU) and organic turbid and eutrophic (phytoplanktonic chlorophyll a = 50.3 μg l(-1); turbidity = 16.0 NTU) scenarios. Samplings were conducted at the beginning of the experiment and at 1, 8, 19, and 33 days after glyphosate addition. For both typologies, the herbicide affected the abiotic water properties (with a marked increase in total phosphorus), but it did not affect the structure of micro and nanophytoplankton. In clear waters, glyphosate treatment induced a trend toward higher bacteria and picoeukaryotes abundances, while there was a 2 to 2.5-fold increase in picocyanobacteria number. In turbid waters, without picoeukaryotes at the beginning of the experiment, glyphosate decreased bacteria abundance but increased the number of picocyanobacteria, suggesting a direct favorable effect. Moreover, our results show that the impact of the herbicide was observed in microorganisms from both oligo and eutrophic conditions, indicating that the impact would be independent of the trophic status of the water body.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H Pizarro
- Departamento de Ecología, Genética y Evolución, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, IEGEBA-CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - M S Vera
- Departamento de Ecología, Genética y Evolución, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, IEGEBA-CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - A Vinocur
- Departamento de Ecología, Genética y Evolución, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, IEGEBA-CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Departamento de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - G Pérez
- INIBIOMA, CRUB Comahue, CONICET, Bariloche, Argentina
| | - M Ferraro
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas, Instituto Tecnológico de Chascomús (IIB-INTECH), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - R J Menéndez Helman
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, INQUIMAE-CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - M Dos Santos Afonso
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, INQUIMAE-CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Cyanobacterial Metabolite Calothrixins: Recent Advances in Synthesis and Biological Evaluation. Mar Drugs 2016; 14:17. [PMID: 26771620 PMCID: PMC4728514 DOI: 10.3390/md14010017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2015] [Revised: 12/22/2015] [Accepted: 01/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The marine environment is host to unparalleled biological and chemical diversity, making it an attractive resource for the discovery of new therapeutics for a plethora of diseases. Compounds that are extracted from cyanobacteria are of special interest due to their unique structural scaffolds and capacity to produce potent pharmaceutical and biotechnological traits. Calothrixins A and B are two cyanobacterial metabolites with a structural assembly of quinoline, quinone, and indole pharmacophores. This review surveys recent advances in the synthesis and evaluation of the biological activities of calothrixins. Due to the low isolation yields from the marine source and the promise this scaffold holds for anticancer and antimicrobial drugs, organic and medicinal chemists around the world have embarked on developing efficient synthetic routes to produce calothrixins. Since the first review appeared in 2009, 11 novel syntheses of calothrixins have been published in the efforts to develop methods that contain fewer steps and higher-yielding reactions. Calothrixins have shown their potential as topoisomerase I poisons for their cytotoxicity in cancer. They have also been observed to target various aspects of RNA synthesis in bacteria. Further investigation into the exact mechanism for their bioactivity is still required for many of its analogs.
Collapse
|
49
|
Abstract
Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is a component of the outer membrane of mainly Gram-negative bacteria and cyanobacteria. The LPS molecules from marine and terrestrial bacteria show structural variations, even among strains within the same species living in the same environment. Cyanobacterial LPS has a unique structure, since it lacks heptose and 3-deoxy-d-manno-octulosonic acid (also known as keto-deoxyoctulosonate (KDO)), which are present in the core region of common Gram-negative LPS. In addition, the cyanobacterial lipid A region lacks phosphates and contains odd-chain hydroxylated fatty acids. While the role of Gram-negative lipid A in the regulation of the innate immune response through Toll-like Receptor (TLR) 4 signaling is well characterized, the role of the structurally different cyanobacterial lipid A in TLR4 signaling is not well understood. The uncontrolled inflammatory response of TLR4 leads to autoimmune diseases such as sepsis, and thus the less virulent marine cyanobacterial LPS molecules can be effective to inhibit TLR4 signaling. This review highlights the structural comparison of LPS molecules from marine cyanobacteria and Gram-negative bacteria. We discuss the potential use of marine cyanobacterial LPS as a TLR4 antagonist, and the effects of cyanobacterial LPS on humans and marine organisms.
Collapse
|