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Vicente-Garcia C, Vona D, Milano F, Buscemi G, Grattieri M, Ragni R, Farinola GM. Living Diatom Microalgae for Desiccation-Resistant Electrodes in Biophotovoltaic Devices. ACS SUSTAINABLE CHEMISTRY & ENGINEERING 2024; 12:11120-11129. [PMID: 39099648 PMCID: PMC11292591 DOI: 10.1021/acssuschemeng.4c00935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 08/06/2024]
Abstract
Strategies of renewable energy production from photosynthetic microorganisms are gaining great scientific interest as ecosustainable alternatives to fossil fuel depletion. Green microalgae have been thoroughly investigated as living components to convert solar energy into photocurrent in biophotovoltaic (BPV) cells. Conversely, the suitability of diatoms in BPV cells has been almost completely unexplored so far, despite being the most abundant class of photosynthetic microorganisms in phytoplankton and of their good adaptability and resistance to harsh environmental conditions, including dehydration, high salinity, nutrient starvation, temperature, or pH changes. Here, we demonstrate the suitability of a series of diatom species (Phaeodactylum tricornutum, Thalassiosira weissflogii, Fistulifera pelliculosa, and Cylindrotheca closterium), to act as biophotoconverters, coating the surface of indium tin oxide photoanodes in a model BPV cell. Effects of light intensity, cell density, total chlorophyll content, and concentration of the electrochemical mediator on photocurrent generation efficiency were investigated. Noteworthily, biophotoanodes coated with T. weissflogii diatoms are still photoactive after 15 days of dehydration and four rewetting cycles, contrary to analogue electrodes coated with the model green microalga Dunaliella tertiolecta. These results provide the first evidence that diatoms are suitable photosynthetic microorganisms for building highly desiccation-resistant biophotoanodes for durable BPV devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cesar Vicente-Garcia
- Dipartimento
di Chimica, Università Degli Studi
di Bari “Aldo Moro”, Bari I-70126, Italy
| | - Danilo Vona
- Dipartimento
di Scienze Del Suolo, Della Pianta e Degli Alimenti, Università Degli Studi di Bari “Aldo Moro”, Bari I-70126, Italy
| | - Francesco Milano
- Istituto
di Scienze Delle Produzioni Alimentari, Consiglio Nazionale Delle Ricerche, Lecce I-73100, Italy
| | - Gabriella Buscemi
- Dipartimento
di Chimica, Università Degli Studi
di Bari “Aldo Moro”, Bari I-70126, Italy
| | - Matteo Grattieri
- Dipartimento
di Chimica, Università Degli Studi
di Bari “Aldo Moro”, Bari I-70126, Italy
| | - Roberta Ragni
- Dipartimento
di Chimica, Università Degli Studi
di Bari “Aldo Moro”, Bari I-70126, Italy
| | - Gianluca M. Farinola
- Dipartimento
di Chimica, Università Degli Studi
di Bari “Aldo Moro”, Bari I-70126, Italy
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2
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Santacroce L, Bottalico L, Charitos IA, Castellaneta F, Gaxhja E, Topi S, Palmirotta R, Jirillo E. Exploitation of Natural By-Products for the Promotion of Healthy Outcomes in Humans: Special Focus on Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Mechanisms and Modulation of the Gut Microbiota. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:796. [PMID: 39061865 PMCID: PMC11273986 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13070796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2024] [Revised: 06/27/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Daily, a lot of food is wasted, and vegetables, fruit, and cereals as well as marine products represent the major sources of unwanted by-products. The sustainability, waste recovery, and revalorization of food by-products have been proposed as the main goals of the so-called circular economy. In fact, food wastes are enriched in by-products endowed with beneficial effects on human health. Grape, olives, vegetables, and rice contain different compounds, such as polyphenols, dietary fibers, polysaccharides, vitamins, and proteins, which exert antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities, inhibiting pro-oxidant genes and the Nuclear Factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-kβ) pathway, as demonstrated by in vitro and in vivo experiments. Dietary fibers act upon the gut microbiota, expanding beneficial bacteria, which contribute to healthy outcomes. Furthermore, marine foods, even including microalgae, arthropods, and wastes of fish, are rich in carotenoids, polyphenols, polyunsaturated fatty acids, proteins, and chitooligosaccharides, which afford antioxidant and anti-inflammatory protection. The present review will cover the major by-products derived from food wastes, describing the mechanisms of action involved in the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities, as well as the modulation of the gut microbiota. The effects of some by-products have also been explored in clinical trials, while others, such as marine by-products, need more investigation for their full exploitation as bioactive compounds in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luigi Santacroce
- Section of Microbiology and Virology, Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70124 Bari, Italy; (R.P.); (E.J.)
| | - Lucrezia Bottalico
- Department of Clinical Disciplines, University ‘Alexander Xhuvani’ of Elbasan, 3001 Elbasan, Albania (E.G.); (S.T.)
| | - Ioannis Alexandros Charitos
- Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Pneumology and Respiratory Rehabilitation Unit, Institute of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy;
| | - Francesca Castellaneta
- School of Clinical Biochemistry and Pathology, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Elona Gaxhja
- Department of Clinical Disciplines, University ‘Alexander Xhuvani’ of Elbasan, 3001 Elbasan, Albania (E.G.); (S.T.)
| | - Skender Topi
- Department of Clinical Disciplines, University ‘Alexander Xhuvani’ of Elbasan, 3001 Elbasan, Albania (E.G.); (S.T.)
| | - Raffaele Palmirotta
- Section of Microbiology and Virology, Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70124 Bari, Italy; (R.P.); (E.J.)
| | - Emilio Jirillo
- Section of Microbiology and Virology, Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70124 Bari, Italy; (R.P.); (E.J.)
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3
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Zühlke MK, Ficko-Blean E, Bartosik D, Terrapon N, Jeudy A, Jam M, Wang F, Welsch N, Dürwald A, Martin LT, Larocque R, Jouanneau D, Eisenack T, Thomas F, Trautwein-Schult A, Teeling H, Becher D, Schweder T, Czjzek M. Unveiling the role of novel carbohydrate-binding modules in laminarin interaction of multimodular proteins from marine Bacteroidota during phytoplankton blooms. Environ Microbiol 2024; 26:e16624. [PMID: 38757353 DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.16624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
Laminarin, a β(1,3)-glucan, serves as a storage polysaccharide in marine microalgae such as diatoms. Its abundance, water solubility and simple structure make it an appealing substrate for marine bacteria. Consequently, many marine bacteria have evolved strategies to scavenge and decompose laminarin, employing carbohydrate-binding modules (CBMs) as crucial components. In this study, we characterized two previously unassigned domains as laminarin-binding CBMs in multimodular proteins from the marine bacterium Christiangramia forsetii KT0803T, thereby introducing the new laminarin-binding CBM families CBM102 and CBM103. We identified four CBM102s in a surface glycan-binding protein (SGBP) and a single CBM103 linked to a glycoside hydrolase module from family 16 (GH16_3). Our analysis revealed that both modular proteins have an elongated shape, with GH16_3 exhibiting greater flexibility than SGBP. This flexibility may aid in the recognition and/or degradation of laminarin, while the constraints in SGBP could facilitate the docking of laminarin onto the bacterial surface. Exploration of bacterial metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs) from phytoplankton blooms in the North Sea showed that both laminarin-binding CBM families are widespread among marine Bacteroidota. The high protein abundance of CBM102- and CBM103-containing proteins during phytoplankton blooms further emphasizes their significance in marine laminarin utilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Katherin Zühlke
- Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Institute of Pharmacy, University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- Institute of Marine Biotechnology, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Elizabeth Ficko-Blean
- Integrative Biology of Marine Models (LBI2M), Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR), Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Roscoff, France
| | - Daniel Bartosik
- Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Institute of Pharmacy, University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- Institute of Marine Biotechnology, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Nicolas Terrapon
- Architecture et Fonction des Macromolécules Biologiques (AFMB), Aix-Marseille Université (AMU, UMR7257), CNRS, Marseille, France
| | - Alexandra Jeudy
- Integrative Biology of Marine Models (LBI2M), Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR), Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Roscoff, France
| | - Murielle Jam
- Integrative Biology of Marine Models (LBI2M), Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR), Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Roscoff, France
| | - Fengqing Wang
- Max Planck Institute for Marine Microbiology, Bremen, Germany
| | - Norma Welsch
- Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Institute of Pharmacy, University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- Institute of Marine Biotechnology, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Alexandra Dürwald
- Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Institute of Pharmacy, University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- Helmholtz Institute for One Health, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research HZI, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Laura Torres Martin
- Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Institute of Pharmacy, University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Robert Larocque
- Integrative Biology of Marine Models (LBI2M), Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR), Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Roscoff, France
| | - Diane Jouanneau
- Integrative Biology of Marine Models (LBI2M), Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR), Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Roscoff, France
| | - Tom Eisenack
- Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Institute of Pharmacy, University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - François Thomas
- Integrative Biology of Marine Models (LBI2M), Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR), Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Roscoff, France
| | - Anke Trautwein-Schult
- Microbial Proteomics, Institute of Microbiology, University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Hanno Teeling
- Max Planck Institute for Marine Microbiology, Bremen, Germany
| | - Dörte Becher
- Microbial Proteomics, Institute of Microbiology, University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Thomas Schweder
- Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Institute of Pharmacy, University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- Institute of Marine Biotechnology, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Mirjam Czjzek
- Integrative Biology of Marine Models (LBI2M), Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR), Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Roscoff, France
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4
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Wang FQ, Bartosik D, Sidhu C, Siebers R, Lu DC, Trautwein-Schult A, Becher D, Huettel B, Rick J, Kirstein IV, Wiltshire KH, Schweder T, Fuchs BM, Bengtsson MM, Teeling H, Amann RI. Particle-attached bacteria act as gatekeepers in the decomposition of complex phytoplankton polysaccharides. MICROBIOME 2024; 12:32. [PMID: 38374154 PMCID: PMC10877868 DOI: 10.1186/s40168-024-01757-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Marine microalgae (phytoplankton) mediate almost half of the worldwide photosynthetic carbon dioxide fixation and therefore play a pivotal role in global carbon cycling, most prominently during massive phytoplankton blooms. Phytoplankton biomass consists of considerable proportions of polysaccharides, substantial parts of which are rapidly remineralized by heterotrophic bacteria. We analyzed the diversity, activity, and functional potential of such polysaccharide-degrading bacteria in different size fractions during a diverse spring phytoplankton bloom at Helgoland Roads (southern North Sea) at high temporal resolution using microscopic, physicochemical, biodiversity, metagenome, and metaproteome analyses. RESULTS Prominent active 0.2-3 µm free-living clades comprised Aurantivirga, "Formosa", Cd. Prosiliicoccus, NS4, NS5, Amylibacter, Planktomarina, SAR11 Ia, SAR92, and SAR86, whereas BD1-7, Stappiaceae, Nitrincolaceae, Methylophagaceae, Sulfitobacter, NS9, Polaribacter, Lentimonas, CL500-3, Algibacter, and Glaciecola dominated 3-10 µm and > 10 µm particles. Particle-attached bacteria were more diverse and exhibited more dynamic adaptive shifts over time in terms of taxonomic composition and repertoires of encoded polysaccharide-targeting enzymes. In total, 305 species-level metagenome-assembled genomes were obtained, including 152 particle-attached bacteria, 100 of which were novel for the sampling site with 76 representing new species. Compared to free-living bacteria, they featured on average larger metagenome-assembled genomes with higher proportions of polysaccharide utilization loci. The latter were predicted to target a broader spectrum of polysaccharide substrates, ranging from readily soluble, simple structured storage polysaccharides (e.g., laminarin, α-glucans) to less soluble, complex structural, or secreted polysaccharides (e.g., xylans, cellulose, pectins). In particular, the potential to target poorly soluble or complex polysaccharides was more widespread among abundant and active particle-attached bacteria. CONCLUSIONS Particle-attached bacteria represented only 1% of all bloom-associated bacteria, yet our data suggest that many abundant active clades played a pivotal gatekeeping role in the solubilization and subsequent degradation of numerous important classes of algal glycans. The high diversity of polysaccharide niches among the most active particle-attached clades therefore is a determining factor for the proportion of algal polysaccharides that can be rapidly remineralized during generally short-lived phytoplankton bloom events. Video Abstract.
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Grants
- AM 73/9-3 Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft,Germany
- SCHW 595/10-3 Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft,Germany
- TE 813/2-3 Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft,Germany
- RI 969/9-2 Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft,Germany
- BE 3869/4-3 Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft,Germany
- SCHW 595/11-3 Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft,Germany
- FU 627/2-3 Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft,Germany
- RI 969/9-2 Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft,Germany
- TE 813/2-3 Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft,Germany
- AM 73/9-3 Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft,Germany
- AWI_BAH_o 1 Biological Station Helgoland, Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Center for Polar and Marine Research
- AWI_BAH_o 1 Biological Station Helgoland, Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Center for Polar and Marine Research
- Max Planck Institute for Marine Microbiology (2)
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng-Qing Wang
- Max Planck Institute for Marine Microbiology, Celsiusstraße 1, 28359, Bremen, Germany
| | - Daniel Bartosik
- Institute of Pharmacy, University of Greifswald, Felix-Hausdorff-Straße 3, 17489, Greifswald, Germany
- Institute of Marine Biotechnology, Walther-Rathenau-Straße 49a, 17489, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Chandni Sidhu
- Max Planck Institute for Marine Microbiology, Celsiusstraße 1, 28359, Bremen, Germany
| | - Robin Siebers
- Institute of Microbiology, University of Greifswald, Felix-Hausdorff-Straße 8, 17489, Greifswald, Germany
| | - De-Chen Lu
- Max Planck Institute for Marine Microbiology, Celsiusstraße 1, 28359, Bremen, Germany
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai, 264209, China
| | - Anke Trautwein-Schult
- Institute of Microbiology, University of Greifswald, Felix-Hausdorff-Straße 8, 17489, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Dörte Becher
- Institute of Microbiology, University of Greifswald, Felix-Hausdorff-Straße 8, 17489, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Bruno Huettel
- Max Planck Genome Centre Cologne, Carl von Linné-Weg 10, 50829, Cologne, Germany
| | - Johannes Rick
- Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research, Biologische Anstalt Helgoland, Helgoland, 27483, Germany
| | - Inga V Kirstein
- Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research, Biologische Anstalt Helgoland, Helgoland, 27483, Germany
| | - Karen H Wiltshire
- Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research, Biologische Anstalt Helgoland, Helgoland, 27483, Germany
| | - Thomas Schweder
- Institute of Pharmacy, University of Greifswald, Felix-Hausdorff-Straße 3, 17489, Greifswald, Germany
- Institute of Marine Biotechnology, Walther-Rathenau-Straße 49a, 17489, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Bernhard M Fuchs
- Max Planck Institute for Marine Microbiology, Celsiusstraße 1, 28359, Bremen, Germany
| | - Mia M Bengtsson
- Institute of Microbiology, University of Greifswald, Felix-Hausdorff-Straße 8, 17489, Greifswald, Germany.
| | - Hanno Teeling
- Max Planck Institute for Marine Microbiology, Celsiusstraße 1, 28359, Bremen, Germany.
| | - Rudolf I Amann
- Max Planck Institute for Marine Microbiology, Celsiusstraße 1, 28359, Bremen, Germany.
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5
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Zulfiqar M, Stettin D, Schmidt S, Nikitashina V, Pohnert G, Steinbeck C, Peters K, Sorokina M. Untargeted metabolomics to expand the chemical space of the marine diatom Skeletonema marinoi. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1295994. [PMID: 38116530 PMCID: PMC10728474 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1295994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Diatoms (Bacillariophyceae) are aquatic photosynthetic microalgae with an ecological role as primary producers in the aquatic food web. They account substantially for global carbon, nitrogen, and silicon cycling. Elucidating the chemical space of diatoms is crucial to understanding their physiology and ecology. To expand the known chemical space of a cosmopolitan marine diatom, Skeletonema marinoi, we performed High-Resolution Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS2) for untargeted metabolomics data acquisition. The spectral data from LC-MS2 was used as input for the Metabolome Annotation Workflow (MAW) to obtain putative annotations for all measured features. A suspect list of metabolites previously identified in the Skeletonema spp. was generated to verify the results. These known metabolites were then added to the putative candidate list from LC-MS2 data to represent an expanded catalog of 1970 metabolites estimated to be produced by S. marinoi. The most prevalent chemical superclasses, based on the ChemONT ontology in this expanded dataset, were organic acids and derivatives, organoheterocyclic compounds, lipids and lipid-like molecules, and organic oxygen compounds. The metabolic profile from this study can aid the bioprospecting of marine microalgae for medicine, biofuel production, agriculture, and environmental conservation. The proposed analysis can be applicable for assessing the chemical space of other microalgae, which can also provide molecular insights into the interaction between marine organisms and their role in the functioning of ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahnoor Zulfiqar
- Faculty of Chemistry and Earth Sciences, Institute for Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence Balance of the Microverse, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Daniel Stettin
- Faculty of Chemistry and Earth Sciences, Institute for Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Saskia Schmidt
- Faculty of Chemistry and Earth Sciences, Institute for Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Vera Nikitashina
- Faculty of Chemistry and Earth Sciences, Institute for Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Georg Pohnert
- Faculty of Chemistry and Earth Sciences, Institute for Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence Balance of the Microverse, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Christoph Steinbeck
- Faculty of Chemistry and Earth Sciences, Institute for Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence Balance of the Microverse, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Kristian Peters
- iDiv - German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research, Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- Geobotany and Botanical Gardens, Martin-Luther University of Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
- Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Halle, Germany
| | - Maria Sorokina
- Faculty of Chemistry and Earth Sciences, Institute for Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany
- Pharmaceuticals Division, Research & Development, Data Science and Artificial Intelligence, AG Bayer, Berlin, Germany
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Yusuf M, Baroroh U, Nuwarda RF, Prasetiya FS, Ishmayana S, Novianti MT, Tohari TR, Hardianto A, Subroto T, Mouget JL, Pasetto P. Theoretical and Experimental Studies on the Evidence of 1,3-β-Glucan in Marennine of Haslea ostrearia. Molecules 2023; 28:5625. [PMID: 37570595 PMCID: PMC10419454 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28155625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Marennine, a blue pigment produced by the blue diatom Haslea ostrearia, is known to have some biological activities. This pigment is responsible for the greening of oysters on the West Coast of France. Other new species of blue diatom, H. karadagensis, H. silbo sp. inedit., H. provincialis sp. inedit, and H. nusantara, also produce marennine-like pigments with similar biological activities. Aside from being a potential source of natural blue pigments, H. ostrearia-like diatoms present a commercial potential for the aquaculture, food, cosmetics, and health industries. Unfortunately, for a hundred years, the exact molecular structure of this bioactive compound has remained a mystery. A lot of hypotheses regarding the chemical structure of marennine have been proposed. The recent discovery of this structure revealed that it is a macromolecule, mainly carbohydrates, with a complex composition. In this study, some glycoside hydrolases were used to digest marennine, and the products were further analyzed using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and mass spectroscopy (MS). The reducing sugar assay showed that marennine was hydrolyzed only by endo-1,3-β-glucanase. Further insight into the structure of marennine was provided by the spectrum of 1H NMR, MS, a colorimetric assay, and a computational study, which suggest that the chemical structure of marennine contains 1,3-β-glucan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Yusuf
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang 45363, Indonesia; (M.Y.); (S.I.); (A.H.); (T.S.)
- Research Center for Molecular Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung 40133, Indonesia; (U.B.); (M.T.N.); (T.R.T.)
| | - Umi Baroroh
- Research Center for Molecular Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung 40133, Indonesia; (U.B.); (M.T.N.); (T.R.T.)
- Department of Biotechnology Pharmacy, Indonesian School of Pharmacy, Bandung 40266, Indonesia
| | - Rina Fajri Nuwarda
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang 45363, Indonesia;
| | - Fiddy Semba Prasetiya
- Research Center for Biosystematics and Evolution, Research Organization for Life Sciences and Environment, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Cibinong 16911, Indonesia;
| | - Safri Ishmayana
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang 45363, Indonesia; (M.Y.); (S.I.); (A.H.); (T.S.)
| | - Mia Tria Novianti
- Research Center for Molecular Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung 40133, Indonesia; (U.B.); (M.T.N.); (T.R.T.)
| | - Taufik Ramdani Tohari
- Research Center for Molecular Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung 40133, Indonesia; (U.B.); (M.T.N.); (T.R.T.)
| | - Ari Hardianto
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang 45363, Indonesia; (M.Y.); (S.I.); (A.H.); (T.S.)
| | - Toto Subroto
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang 45363, Indonesia; (M.Y.); (S.I.); (A.H.); (T.S.)
- Research Center for Molecular Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung 40133, Indonesia; (U.B.); (M.T.N.); (T.R.T.)
| | - Jean-Luc Mouget
- Laboratoire Biologie des Organismes, Stress, Santé, Environnement (BiOSSE), Le Mans Université, Avenue Olivier Messiaen, 72085 Le Mans, France;
| | - Pamela Pasetto
- Institut des Molécules et Matériaux du Mans (IMMM), UMR CNRS 6283, Le Mans Université, Avenue Olivier Messiaen, 72085 Le Mans, France
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7
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Sun CC, Zhao WJ, Yue WZ, Cheng H, Sun FL, Wang YT, Wu ML, Engel A, Wang YS. Polymeric carbohydrates utilization separates microbiomes into niches: insights into the diversity of microbial carbohydrate-active enzymes in the inner shelf of the Pearl River Estuary, China. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1180321. [PMID: 37425997 PMCID: PMC10322874 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1180321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Polymeric carbohydrates are abundant and their recycling by microbes is a key process of the ocean carbon cycle. A deeper analysis of carbohydrate-active enzymes (CAZymes) can offer a window into the mechanisms of microbial communities to degrade carbohydrates in the ocean. In this study, metagenomic genes encoding microbial CAZymes and sugar transporter systems were predicted to assess the microbial glycan niches and functional potentials of glycan utilization in the inner shelf of the Pearl River Estuary (PRE). The CAZymes gene compositions were significantly different between in free-living (0.2-3 μm, FL) and particle-associated (>3 μm, PA) bacteria of the water column and between water and surface sediments, reflecting glycan niche separation on size fraction and selective degradation in depth. Proteobacteria and Bacteroidota had the highest abundance and glycan niche width of CAZymes genes, respectively. At the genus level, Alteromonas (Gammaproteobacteria) exhibited the greatest abundance and glycan niche width of CAZymes genes and were marked by a high abundance of periplasmic transporter protein TonB and members of the major facilitator superfamily (MFS). The increasing contribution of genes encoding CAZymes and transporters for Alteromonas in bottom water contrasted to surface water and their metabolism are tightly related with particulate carbohydrates (pectin, alginate, starch, lignin-cellulose, chitin, and peptidoglycan) rather than on the utilization of ambient-water DOC. Candidatus Pelagibacter (Alphaproteobacteria) had a narrow glycan niche and was primarily preferred for nitrogen-containing carbohydrates, while their abundant sugar ABC (ATP binding cassette) transporter supported the scavenging mode for carbohydrate assimilation. Planctomycetota, Verrucomicrobiota, and Bacteroidota had similar potential glycan niches in the consumption of the main component of transparent exopolymer particles (sulfated fucose and rhamnose containing polysaccharide and sulfated-N-glycan), developing considerable niche overlap among these taxa. The most abundant CAZymes and transporter genes as well as the widest glycan niche in the abundant bacterial taxa implied their potential key roles on the organic carbon utilization, and the high degree of glycan niches separation and polysaccharide composition importantly influenced bacterial communities in the coastal waters of PRE. These findings expand the current understanding of the organic carbon biotransformation, underlying the size-fractionated glycan niche separation near the estuarine system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cui-Ci Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Tropical Oceanography, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Daya Bay Marine Biology Research Station, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Wen-Jie Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Tropical Oceanography, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wei-Zhong Yue
- State Key Laboratory of Tropical Oceanography, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hao Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Tropical Oceanography, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fu-Lin Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Tropical Oceanography, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Daya Bay Marine Biology Research Station, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yu-Tu Wang
- Daya Bay Marine Biology Research Station, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Mei-Lin Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Tropical Oceanography, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Anja Engel
- GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - You-Shao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Tropical Oceanography, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Daya Bay Marine Biology Research Station, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
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8
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Nieves-Morión M, Camargo S, Bardi S, Ruiz MT, Flores E, Foster RA. Heterologous expression of genes from a cyanobacterial endosymbiont highlights substrate exchanges with its diatom host. PNAS NEXUS 2023; 2:pgad194. [PMID: 37383020 PMCID: PMC10299089 DOI: 10.1093/pnasnexus/pgad194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023]
Abstract
A few genera of diatoms are widespread and thrive in low-nutrient waters of the open ocean due to their close association with N2-fixing, filamentous heterocyst-forming cyanobacteria. In one of these symbioses, the symbiont, Richelia euintracellularis, has penetrated the cell envelope of the host, Hemiaulus hauckii, and lives inside the host cytoplasm. How the partners interact, including how the symbiont sustains high rates of N2 fixation, is unstudied. Since R. euintracellularis has evaded isolation, heterologous expression of genes in model laboratory organisms was performed to identify the function of proteins from the endosymbiont. Gene complementation of a cyanobacterial invertase mutant and expression of the protein in Escherichia coli showed that R. euintracellularis HH01 possesses a neutral invertase that splits sucrose producing glucose and fructose. Several solute-binding proteins (SBPs) of ABC transporters encoded in the genome of R. euintracellularis HH01 were expressed in E. coli, and their substrates were characterized. The selected SBPs directly linked the host as the source of several substrates, e.g. sugars (sucrose and galactose), amino acids (glutamate and phenylalanine), and a polyamine (spermidine), to support the cyanobacterial symbiont. Finally, transcripts of genes encoding the invertase and SBPs were consistently detected in wild populations of H. hauckii collected from multiple stations and depths in the western tropical North Atlantic. Our results support the idea that the diatom host provides the endosymbiotic cyanobacterium with organic carbon to fuel N2 fixation. This knowledge is key to understanding the physiology of the globally significant H. hauckii-R. euintracellularis symbiosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mercedes Nieves-Morión
- Department of Ecology, Environment and Plant Sciences, Stockholm University, Stockholm SE-106 91, Sweden
- Instituto de Bioquímica Vegetal y Fotosíntesis, CSIC and Universidad de Sevilla, Seville E-41092, Spain
| | - Sergio Camargo
- Instituto de Bioquímica Vegetal y Fotosíntesis, CSIC and Universidad de Sevilla, Seville E-41092, Spain
| | - Sepehr Bardi
- Department of Ecology, Environment and Plant Sciences, Stockholm University, Stockholm SE-106 91, Sweden
| | - María Teresa Ruiz
- Instituto de Bioquímica Vegetal y Fotosíntesis, CSIC and Universidad de Sevilla, Seville E-41092, Spain
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9
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Sidhu C, Kirstein IV, Meunier CL, Rick J, Fofonova V, Wiltshire KH, Steinke N, Vidal-Melgosa S, Hehemann JH, Huettel B, Schweder T, Fuchs BM, Amann RI, Teeling H. Dissolved storage glycans shaped the community composition of abundant bacterioplankton clades during a North Sea spring phytoplankton bloom. MICROBIOME 2023; 11:77. [PMID: 37069671 PMCID: PMC10108472 DOI: 10.1186/s40168-023-01517-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Blooms of marine microalgae play a pivotal role in global carbon cycling. Such blooms entail successive blooms of specialized clades of planktonic bacteria that collectively remineralize gigatons of algal biomass on a global scale. This biomass is largely composed of distinct polysaccharides, and the microbial decomposition of these polysaccharides is therefore a process of prime importance. RESULTS In 2020, we sampled a complete biphasic spring bloom in the German Bight over a 90-day period. Bacterioplankton metagenomes from 30 time points allowed reconstruction of 251 metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs). Corresponding metatranscriptomes highlighted 50 particularly active MAGs of the most abundant clades, including many polysaccharide degraders. Saccharide measurements together with bacterial polysaccharide utilization loci (PUL) expression data identified β-glucans (diatom laminarin) and α-glucans as the most prominent and actively metabolized dissolved polysaccharide substrates. Both substrates were consumed throughout the bloom, with α-glucan PUL expression peaking at the beginning of the second bloom phase shortly after a peak in flagellate and the nadir in bacterial total cell counts. CONCLUSIONS We show that the amounts and composition of dissolved polysaccharides, in particular abundant storage polysaccharides, have a pronounced influence on the composition of abundant bacterioplankton members during phytoplankton blooms, some of which compete for similar polysaccharide niches. We hypothesize that besides the release of algal glycans, also recycling of bacterial glycans as a result of increased bacterial cell mortality can have a significant influence on bacterioplankton composition during phytoplankton blooms. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chandni Sidhu
- Max Planck Institute for Marine Microbiology, Celsiusstraße 1, 28359 Bremen, Germany
| | - Inga V. Kirstein
- Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research, Biologische Anstalt Helgoland, P.O. Box 180, 27483 Helgoland, Germany
| | - Cédric L. Meunier
- Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research, Biologische Anstalt Helgoland, P.O. Box 180, 27483 Helgoland, Germany
| | - Johannes Rick
- Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research, Hafenstraße 43, 25992 List/Sylt, Germany
| | - Vera Fofonova
- Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research, Klußmannstraße 3, 27570 Bremerhaven, Germany
| | - Karen H. Wiltshire
- Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research, Biologische Anstalt Helgoland, P.O. Box 180, 27483 Helgoland, Germany
| | - Nicola Steinke
- Max Planck Institute for Marine Microbiology, Celsiusstraße 1, 28359 Bremen, Germany
- Center for Marine Environmental Sciences, MARUM, University of Bremen, Leobener Straße 8, 28359 Bremen, Germany
| | - Silvia Vidal-Melgosa
- Max Planck Institute for Marine Microbiology, Celsiusstraße 1, 28359 Bremen, Germany
- Center for Marine Environmental Sciences, MARUM, University of Bremen, Leobener Straße 8, 28359 Bremen, Germany
| | - Jan-Hendrik Hehemann
- Max Planck Institute for Marine Microbiology, Celsiusstraße 1, 28359 Bremen, Germany
- Center for Marine Environmental Sciences, MARUM, University of Bremen, Leobener Straße 8, 28359 Bremen, Germany
| | - Bruno Huettel
- Max Planck Genome Centre Cologne, Carl Von Linné-Weg 10, 50829 Cologne, Germany
| | - Thomas Schweder
- Institute of Pharmacy, University of Greifswald, Felix-Hausdorff-Straße 3, 17489 Greifswald, Germany
- Institute of Marine Biotechnology, Walther-Rathenau-Straße 49a, 17489 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Bernhard M. Fuchs
- Max Planck Institute for Marine Microbiology, Celsiusstraße 1, 28359 Bremen, Germany
| | - Rudolf I. Amann
- Max Planck Institute for Marine Microbiology, Celsiusstraße 1, 28359 Bremen, Germany
| | - Hanno Teeling
- Max Planck Institute for Marine Microbiology, Celsiusstraße 1, 28359 Bremen, Germany
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10
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Stanton C, Barnes BD, Kump LR, Cosmidis J. A re-examination of the mechanism of whiting events: A new role for diatoms in Fayetteville Green Lake (New York, USA). GEOBIOLOGY 2023; 21:210-228. [PMID: 36326137 PMCID: PMC10092686 DOI: 10.1111/gbi.12534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Revised: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Whiting events-the episodic precipitation of fine-grained suspended calcium carbonates in the water column-have been documented across a variety of marine and lacustrine environments. Whitings likely are a major source of carbonate muds, a constituent of limestones, and important archives for geochemical proxies of Earth history. While several biological and physical mechanisms have been proposed to explain the onset of these precipitation events, no consensus has been reached thus far. Fayetteville Green Lake (New York, USA) is a meromictic lake that experiences annual whitings. Materials suspended in the water column collected through the whiting season were characterized using scanning electron microscopy and scanning transmission X-ray microscopy. Whitings in Fayetteville Green Lake are initiated in the spring within the top few meters of the water column, by precipitation of fine amorphous calcium carbonate (ACC) phases nucleating on microbial cells, as well as on abundant extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) frequently associated with centric diatoms. Whiting particles found in the summer consist of 5-7 μm calcite grains forming aggregates with diatoms and EPS. Simple calculations demonstrate that calcite particles continuously grow over several days, then sink quickly through the water column. In the late summer, partial calcium carbonate dissolution is observed deeper in the water column. Settling whiting particles, however, reach the bottom of the lake, where they form a major constituent of the sediment, along with diatom frustules. The role of diatoms and associated EPS acting as nucleation surfaces for calcium carbonates is described for the first time here as a potential mechanism participating in whitings at Fayetteville Green Lake. This mechanism may have been largely overlooked in other whiting events in modern and ancient environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chloe Stanton
- Department of GeosciencesThe Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Ben Davis Barnes
- Department of GeosciencesThe Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Lee R. Kump
- Department of GeosciencesThe Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPennsylvaniaUSA
- Earth and Environmental Systems InstituteThe Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Julie Cosmidis
- Department of GeosciencesThe Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPennsylvaniaUSA
- Earth and Environmental Systems InstituteThe Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPennsylvaniaUSA
- Present address:
Department of Earth SciencesUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
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11
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Yang L, Yang Q, Lin L, Luan T, Tam NFY. Characterization of benthic biofilms in mangrove sediments and their variation in response to nutrients and contaminants. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 857:159391. [PMID: 36240915 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.159391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Revised: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Diatom-dominated biofilms and associated extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) may adapt to the stress of long-term exposure to nutrients and anthropogenic contaminants. However, such interactions in contaminated mangrove sediments have rarely been reported. Based on the in situ characterization of biofilm components and environmental factors, the present study aimed to explore the key factors involved in shaping sediment biofilms through correlational and multivariate analyses. The pennate diatom Navicula is the core taxon that plays a crucial role in balancing the abundance of Nitzschia and Cyclotella, and is the main producer of bound-polysaccharides. The taxa composition shifts in a high N/P matrix, with the populations of pennate diatoms increasing but that of centric diatoms decreasing. High nutrient concentrations yield more number of diatoms and elevated levels of EPS. Bacteria are the main consumers of EPS and tend to be more symbiotic with Nitzschia than the other two diatom taxa. Some bound-polysaccharides dominated by arabinose and glucose units are transformed into the colloidal fraction, whereas other conservative ones serve as structural materials in concert with the bound-proteins. The planktonic phase of Cyclotella breaks down the structural EPS secreted by pennate diatoms in a process that directly affects the dynamic renewal of benthic biofilms. Most heavy metals as well as bisphenol A inhibit the abundance of bacteria and diatoms but enhance most EPS fractions except bound-polysaccharides. The response of structural EPS to specific contaminants varies, exhibiting increases in Co and Ni levels but decreases in nonylphenol and methylparaben levels. The present study improves our understanding of the microbial carbon loop of benthic biofilms in mangrove ecosystems under stress by nutrients and mixed contaminants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihua Yang
- South China Sea Bio-Resource Exploitation and Utilization Collaborative Innovation Center, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Resources and Coastal Engineering, School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Qian Yang
- South China Sea Bio-Resource Exploitation and Utilization Collaborative Innovation Center, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Resources and Coastal Engineering, School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China; State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510600, China
| | - Li Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Tiangang Luan
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China.
| | - Nora F Y Tam
- School of Science and Technology, Hong Kong Metropolitan University, Hong Kong, China; State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution and Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
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12
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Nieri P, Carpi S, Esposito R, Costantini M, Zupo V. Bioactive Molecules from Marine Diatoms and Their Value for the Nutraceutical Industry. Nutrients 2023; 15:464. [PMID: 36678334 PMCID: PMC9861441 DOI: 10.3390/nu15020464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The search for novel sources of nutrients is among the basic goals for achievement of sustainable progress. In this context, microalgae are relevant organisms, being rich in high-value compounds and able to grow in open ponds or photobioreactors, thus enabling profitable exploitation of aquatic resources. Microalgae, a huge taxon containing photosynthetic microorganisms living in freshwater, as well as in brackish and marine waters, typically unicellular and eukaryotic, include green algae (Chlorophyceae), red algae (Rhodophyceae), brown algae (Phaeophyceae) and diatoms (Bacillariophyceae). In recent decades, diatoms have been considered the most sustainable sources of nutrients for humans with respect to other microalgae. This review focuses on studies exploring their bio-pharmacological activities when relevant for human disease prevention and/or treatment. In addition, we considered diatoms and their extracts (or purified compounds) when relevant for specific nutraceutical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Nieri
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy
- Interdepartmental Center of Marine Pharmacology, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Sara Carpi
- National Enterprise for NanoScience and Nanotechnology (NEST), Piazza San Silvestro, 56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - Roberta Esposito
- Stazione Zoologica Antorn Dohrn, Department of Ecosustainable Marine Biotechnology, Via Ammiraglio Ferdinando Acton, 80133 Naples, Italy
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Complesso Universitario di Monte Sant’Angelo, Via Cinthia 21, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Costantini
- Stazione Zoologica Antorn Dohrn, Department of Ecosustainable Marine Biotechnology, Via Ammiraglio Ferdinando Acton, 80133 Naples, Italy
| | - Valerio Zupo
- Stazione Zoologica Antorn Dohrn, Department of Ecosustainable Marine Biotechnology, Ischia Marine Centre, 80077 Ischia, Italy
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13
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Zebiri I, Jacquette B, Francezon N, Herbaut M, Latigui A, Bricaud S, Tremblay R, Pasetto P, Mouget JL, Dittmer J. The Polysaccharidic Nature of the Skeleton of Marennine as Determined by NMR Spectroscopy. Mar Drugs 2023; 21:md21010042. [PMID: 36662215 PMCID: PMC9865362 DOI: 10.3390/md21010042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The water-soluble blue-green pigment marennine, produced and partly excreted by the diatom Haslea ostrearia, and known for a long time for its role in the greening of oysters, was isolated from the culture medium, purified, and analyzed by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) in order to gain insight into its chemical structure. The spectra show mainly carbohydrates of a complex composition, apparently highly branched, and with a mass in the order of 10 kDa. There are, in addition, some signals of aliphatic and, much weaker, aromatic groups that present aglycons. The latter might be responsible for the color. These carbohydrates are always associated with the blue-green color and cannot be separated from it by most treatments; they are interpreted as constituting the frame of the pigment. NMR after hydrolysis identifies the most abundant monosaccharides in marennine as galactose, xylose, mannose, rhamnose, and fucose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilhem Zebiri
- Laboratoire Biologie des Organismes, Stress, Santé, Environnement (BiOSSE), Le Mans Université, Av. Olivier Messiaen, 72085 Le Mans, France
| | - Boris Jacquette
- Institut des Molécules et Matériaux du Mans (IMMM), UMR CNRS 6283, Le Mans Université, Av. Olivier Messiaen, 72085 Le Mans, France
| | - Nellie Francezon
- Laboratoire Biologie des Organismes, Stress, Santé, Environnement (BiOSSE), Le Mans Université, Av. Olivier Messiaen, 72085 Le Mans, France
- Institut des Molécules et Matériaux du Mans (IMMM), UMR CNRS 6283, Le Mans Université, Av. Olivier Messiaen, 72085 Le Mans, France
| | - Mickaël Herbaut
- Laboratoire Biologie des Organismes, Stress, Santé, Environnement (BiOSSE), Le Mans Université, Av. Olivier Messiaen, 72085 Le Mans, France
- Institut des Molécules et Matériaux du Mans (IMMM), UMR CNRS 6283, Le Mans Université, Av. Olivier Messiaen, 72085 Le Mans, France
| | - Amina Latigui
- Institut des Molécules et Matériaux du Mans (IMMM), UMR CNRS 6283, Le Mans Université, Av. Olivier Messiaen, 72085 Le Mans, France
| | - Sullivan Bricaud
- Institut des Molécules et Matériaux du Mans (IMMM), UMR CNRS 6283, Le Mans Université, Av. Olivier Messiaen, 72085 Le Mans, France
| | - Réjean Tremblay
- Institut des Sciences de la Mer, Université du Québec à Rimouski, 310 Allée des Ursulines, Rimouski, QC G5L 3A1, Canada
| | - Pamela Pasetto
- Institut des Molécules et Matériaux du Mans (IMMM), UMR CNRS 6283, Le Mans Université, Av. Olivier Messiaen, 72085 Le Mans, France
| | - Jean-Luc Mouget
- Laboratoire Biologie des Organismes, Stress, Santé, Environnement (BiOSSE), Le Mans Université, Av. Olivier Messiaen, 72085 Le Mans, France
| | - Jens Dittmer
- Institut des Molécules et Matériaux du Mans (IMMM), UMR CNRS 6283, Le Mans Université, Av. Olivier Messiaen, 72085 Le Mans, France
- Correspondence: (J.D.)
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14
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Mandal S, Nagi GK, Corcoran AA, Agrawal R, Dubey M, Hunt RW. Algal polysaccharides for 3D printing: A review. Carbohydr Polym 2022; 300:120267. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2022.120267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Revised: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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15
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Ma X, Johnson KB, Gu B, Zhang H, Li G, Huang X, Xia X. The in-situ release of algal bloom populations and the role of prokaryotic communities in their establishment and growth. WATER RESEARCH 2022; 219:118565. [PMID: 35597219 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2022.118565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Revised: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Harmful algal blooms (HABs) may quickly travel and inoculate new water bodies via currents and runoff in estuaries. The role of in-situ prokaryotic communities in the re-establishment and growth of inoculated algal blooms remains unknown. A novel on-board incubation experiment was employed to simulate the sudden surge of algal blooms to new estuarine waters and reveal possible outcomes. A dinoflagellate (Amphidinium carterae) and a diatom species (Thalassiosira weissflogii) which had bloomed in the Pearl River Estuary (PRE) area were cultured to bloom densities and reintroduced back into PRE natural seawaters. The diatom showed better adaptation ability to the new environment and increased significantly after the incubation. Simultaneously, particle-attached (PA) prokaryotic community structure was strongly influenced by adding of the diatom, with some opportunistic prokaryotes significantly enhanced in the diatom treatment. Whereas the dinoflagellate population did not increase following incubation, and their PA prokaryotic community showed no significant differences relative to the control. Metagenomic analyzes revealed that labile carbohydrates and organic nitrogen produced by the diatom contributed to the surge of certain PA prokaryotes. Genomic properties of a bacteria strain, which is affiliated with genus GMD16E07 (Planctomycetaceae) and comprised up to 50% of PA prokaryotes in the diatom treatment, was described here for the first time. Notably, the association of Planctomycetaceae and T. weissflogii likely represents symbiotic mutualism, with the diatom providing organic matter for Planctomycetaceae and the bacteria supplying vitamins and detoxifying nitriles and hydrogen peroxides in exchange. Therefore, the close association between Planctomycetaceae and T. weissflogii promoted the growth of both populations, and eventually facilitated the diatom bloom establishment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Ma
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-Resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), China
| | - Kevin B Johnson
- Department of Ocean Engineering and Marine Sciences, Florida Institute of Technology, Melbourne, FL, United States
| | - Bowei Gu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-Resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-Resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), China
| | - Gang Li
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-Resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), China
| | - Xiaoping Huang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-Resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), China
| | - Xiaomin Xia
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-Resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), China.
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16
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Recent Discoveries on Marine Organism Immunomodulatory Activities. Mar Drugs 2022; 20:md20070422. [PMID: 35877715 PMCID: PMC9324980 DOI: 10.3390/md20070422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Revised: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Marine organisms have been shown to be a valuable source for biologically active compounds for the prevention and treatment of cancer, inflammation, immune system diseases, and other pathologies. The advantage of studying organisms collected in the marine environment lies in their great biodiversity and in the variety of chemical structures of marine natural products. Various studies have focused on marine organism compounds with potential pharmaceutical applications, for instance, as immunomodulators, to treat cancer and immune-mediated diseases. Modulation of the immune system is defined as any change in the immune response that can result in the induction, expression, amplification, or inhibition of any phase of the immune response. Studies very often focus on the effects of marine-derived compounds on macrophages, as well as lymphocytes, by analyzing the release of mediators (cytokines) by using the immunological assay enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), Western blot, immunofluorescence, and real-time PCR. The main sources are fungi, bacteria, microalgae, macroalgae, sponges, mollusks, corals, and fishes. This review is focused on the marine-derived molecules discovered in the last three years as potential immunomodulatory drugs.
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Qu L, Cai R, Hu Z, Wang H. Metagenomic assemblage genomes analyses reveal the polysaccharides hydrolyzing potential of marine group II euryarchaea. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 209:112865. [PMID: 35120891 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.112865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2021] [Revised: 01/02/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Marine group II euryarchaea (MGII) dominates the planktonic archaeal community in global surface seawater and is associated to particulate organic matters mainly composed of polysaccharides. However, the polysaccharides metabolism of MGII euryarchaea is unclear. In this study, the distribution and polysaccharides metabolism potential of MGII euryarchaea in the estuary were investigated. High-throughput sequencing of 16S rRNA genes showed that MGII euryarchaea was the predominant archaeal group in the Pearl River Estuary (PRE), and the relative abundance of MGII euryarchaea in particle-attached fraction was higher than that in free-living fractions. A total of 19 metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs) were successfully reconstructed from metagenomic data, of which 10 MAGs were grouped as MGII euryarchaea according to phylogenomic analysis. Genes encoding a variety of carbohydrate-active enzymes (CAZymes) were found in MAGs/genomes of MGII euryarchaea. These CAZymes annotated in MAGs were capable of hydrolyzing many polysaccharides, including α-glucans, β-glucans, xylans, nitrogen-containing polysaccharides, and some insoluble galactans. The results also indicated that MGII euryarchaea has some unique enzymes that can hydrolyze starch, β-1,3-glucans, complex xylans, carrageenan, and agarose. Collectively, our results demonstrated that MGII euryarchaea has great polysaccharides hydrolysis potential and could play an important role in the carbon cycle of marine ecosystem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liping Qu
- Biology Department and Institute of Marine Sciences, College of Science, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China
| | - Runlin Cai
- Biology Department and Institute of Marine Sciences, College of Science, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China
| | - Zhong Hu
- Biology Department and Institute of Marine Sciences, College of Science, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Guangzhou, 511458, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Biology Department and Institute of Marine Sciences, College of Science, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Guangzhou, 511458, China.
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Recent Advances in the Valorization of Algae Polysaccharides for Food and Nutraceutical Applications: a Review on the Role of Green Processing Technologies. FOOD BIOPROCESS TECH 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11947-022-02812-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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19
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Tong CY, Derek CJC. Membrane surface roughness promotes rapid initial cell adhesion and long term microalgal biofilm stability. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 206:112602. [PMID: 34968430 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.112602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Revised: 12/12/2021] [Accepted: 12/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In biofilm membrane photobioreactors development, conscientious works revolving around the effect of external environment factors on microalgal biofilm growth were assessed but more comparative research about the role of carrier surfaces properties such as surface roughness is necessary. Thus, commercial polyethersulfone (PES) membranes with two different molecular-weight-cut-offs (1 kDa and 30 kDa) were selected as the main representatives of surface roughness in a 20 days long-term biofilm cultivation experiment under dynamic flow condition for the biofilm evolvement of three benthic diatoms (Amphora coffeaeformis, Cylindrotheca fusiformis and Navicula incerta). Results depicted that rougher 30 kDa PES enable higher cell attachment degree for C. fusiformis (25.85 ± 2.75 × 109 cells m-2), followed by A. coffeaeformis (11.86 ± 2.76 × 109 cells m-2) and N. incerta (10.10 ± 0.65 × 109 cells m-2). Bounded extracellular polymeric substances (bEPS) gathered were relatively higher than soluble EPS (sEPS) while bEPS accumulated at least 10% higher on smooth 1 kDa PES than rough 30 kDa PES for the purpose of enhancing the biofilm disruption resistivity under liquid flow. Moreover, cell adhesion mechanism was proposed via computational fluid dynamics in parallel with EPS analysis. Copious amount of asperities and stagnant zones present on rough 30 kDa surfaces accelerated biofilm development and the consistency of the results have a great valence for interpretation of microalgal biofilm lifestyle on porous surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Y Tong
- School of Chemical Engineering, Engineering Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 14300, Nibong Tebal, Penang, Malaysia
| | - C J C Derek
- School of Chemical Engineering, Engineering Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 14300, Nibong Tebal, Penang, Malaysia.
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20
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Castro-Ferreira C, Gomes-Dias JS, Ferreira-Santos P, Pereira RN, Vicente AA, Rocha CM. Phaeodactylum tricornutum extracts as structuring agents for food applications: Physicochemical and functional properties. Food Hydrocoll 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2021.107276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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21
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Bartlau N, Wichels A, Krohne G, Adriaenssens EM, Heins A, Fuchs BM, Amann R, Moraru C. Highly diverse flavobacterial phages isolated from North Sea spring blooms. THE ISME JOURNAL 2022; 16:555-568. [PMID: 34475519 PMCID: PMC8776804 DOI: 10.1038/s41396-021-01097-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
It is generally recognized that phages are a mortality factor for their bacterial hosts. This could be particularly true in spring phytoplankton blooms, which are known to be closely followed by a highly specialized bacterial community. We hypothesized that phages modulate these dense heterotrophic bacteria successions following phytoplankton blooms. In this study, we focused on Flavobacteriia, because they are main responders during these blooms and have an important role in the degradation of polysaccharides. A cultivation-based approach was used, obtaining 44 lytic flavobacterial phages (flavophages), representing twelve new species from two viral realms. Taxonomic analysis allowed us to delineate ten new phage genera and ten new families, from which nine and four, respectively, had no previously cultivated representatives. Genomic analysis predicted various life styles and genomic replication strategies. A likely eukaryote-associated host habitat was reflected in the gene content of some of the flavophages. Detection in cellular metagenomes and by direct-plating showed that part of these phages were actively replicating in the environment during the 2018 spring bloom. Furthermore, CRISPR/Cas spacers and re-isolation during two consecutive years suggested that, at least part of the new flavophages are stable components of the microbial community in the North Sea. Together, our results indicate that these diverse flavophages have the potential to modulate their respective host populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Bartlau
- Max Planck Institute for Marine Microbiology, Bremen, Germany
| | - Antje Wichels
- Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz Center for Polar and Marine Research, Biologische Anstalt Helgoland, Heligoland, Germany
| | - Georg Krohne
- Imaging Core Facility, Biocenter, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | | | - Anneke Heins
- Max Planck Institute for Marine Microbiology, Bremen, Germany
| | | | - Rudolf Amann
- Max Planck Institute for Marine Microbiology, Bremen, Germany.
| | - Cristina Moraru
- Institute for Chemistry and Biology of the Marine Environment, University of Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany.
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22
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Zeugner LE, Krüger K, Barrero-Canosa J, Amann RI, Fuchs BM. In situ visualization of glycoside hydrolase family 92 genes in marine flavobacteria. ISME COMMUNICATIONS 2021; 1:81. [PMID: 37938716 PMCID: PMC9723552 DOI: 10.1038/s43705-021-00082-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Revised: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2023]
Abstract
Gene clusters rich in carbohydrate-active enzymes within Flavobacteriia genera provide a competitiveness for their hosts to degrade diatom-derived polysaccharides. One such widely distributed polysaccharide is glucuronomannan, a main cell wall component of diatoms. A conserved gene cluster putatively degrading glucuronomannan was found previously among various flavobacterial taxa in marine metagenomes. Here, we aimed to visualize two glycoside hydrolase family 92 genes coding for α-mannosidases with fluorescently-labeled polynucleotide probes using direct-geneFISH. Reliable in situ localization of single-copy genes was achieved with an efficiency up to 74% not only in the flavobacterial strains Polaribacter Hel1_33_49 and Formosa Hel1_33_131 but also in planktonic samples from the North Sea. In combination with high-resolution microscopy, direct-geneFISH gave visual evidence of the contrasting lifestyles of closely related Polaribacter species in those samples and allowed for the determination of gene distribution among attached and free-living cells. We also detected highly similar GH92 genes in yet unidentified taxa by broadening probe specificities, enabling a visualization of the functional trait in subpopulations across the borders of species and genera. Such a quantitative insight into the niche separation of flavobacterial taxa complements our understanding of the ecology of polysaccharide-degrading bacteria beyond omics-based techniques on a single-cell level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura E Zeugner
- Max Planck Institute for Marine Microbiology, Bremen, Germany
| | - Karen Krüger
- Max Planck Institute for Marine Microbiology, Bremen, Germany
| | - Jimena Barrero-Canosa
- Technical University of Berlin, Institute of Environmental Technology, Environmental Microbiology, Berlin, Germany
| | - Rudolf I Amann
- Max Planck Institute for Marine Microbiology, Bremen, Germany
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23
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Singh S, Verma DK, Thakur M, Tripathy S, Patel AR, Shah N, Utama GL, Srivastav PP, Benavente-Valdés JR, Chávez-González ML, Aguilar CN. Supercritical fluid extraction (SCFE) as green extraction technology for high-value metabolites of algae, its potential trends in food and human health. Food Res Int 2021; 150:110746. [PMID: 34865764 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2021.110746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2021] [Revised: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Application of high-value algal metabolites (HVAMs) in cosmetics, additives, pigments, foods and medicines are very important. These HVAMs can be obtained from the cultivation of micro- and macro-algae. These metabolites can benefit human and animal health in a physiological and nutritional manner. However, because of conventional extraction methods and their energy and the use of pollutant solvents, the availability of HVAMs from algae remains insufficient. Receiving their sustainability and environmental benefits have recently made green extraction technologies for HVAM extractions more desirable. But very little information is available about the technology of green extraction of algae from these HVAM. This review, therefore, highlights the supercritical fluid extraction (SCFE) as principal green extraction technologyand theirideal parameters for extracting HVAMs. In first, general information is provided concerning the HVAMs and their components of macro and micro origin. The review also includes a description of SCFE technology's properties, instrumentation operation, solvents used, and the merits and demerits. Moreover, there are several HVAMs associated with their numerous high-level biological activities which include high-level antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anticancer and antimicrobial activity and have potential health-beneficial effects in humans since they are all HVAMs, such as foods and nutraceuticals. Finally, it provides future insights, obstacles, and suggestions for selecting the right technologies for extraction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Smita Singh
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, University Institute of Applied Health Sciences, Chandigarh University, Chandigarh 140413, Punjab, India.
| | - Deepak Kumar Verma
- Agricultural and Food Engineering Department, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur 721302, West Bengal, India.
| | - Mamta Thakur
- Department of Food Technology, School of Sciences, ITM University, Gwalior 474001, Madhya Pradesh, India.
| | - Soubhagya Tripathy
- Agricultural and Food Engineering Department, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur 721302, West Bengal, India
| | - Ami R Patel
- Division of Dairy Microbiology, Mansinhbhai Institute of Dairy and Food Technology-MIDFT, Dudhsagar Dairy Campus, Mehsana 384 002, Gujarat, India
| | - Nihir Shah
- Division of Dairy Microbiology, Mansinhbhai Institute of Dairy and Food Technology-MIDFT, Dudhsagar Dairy Campus, Mehsana 384 002, Gujarat, India
| | - Gemilang Lara Utama
- Faculty of Agro-Industrial Technology, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang 45363, Indonesia; Center for Environment and Sustainability Science, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung 40132, Indonesia
| | - Prem Prakash Srivastav
- Agricultural and Food Engineering Department, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur 721302, West Bengal, India
| | - Juan Roberto Benavente-Valdés
- Bioprocesses and Bioproducts Research Group, Food Research Department, School of Chemistry, Autonomous University of Coahuila, Saltillo Campus, 25280 Coahuila, Mexico
| | - Mónica L Chávez-González
- Bioprocesses and Bioproducts Research Group, Food Research Department, School of Chemistry, Autonomous University of Coahuila, Saltillo Campus, 25280 Coahuila, Mexico
| | - Cristobal Noe Aguilar
- Bioprocesses and Bioproducts Research Group, Food Research Department, School of Chemistry, Autonomous University of Coahuila, Saltillo Campus, 25280 Coahuila, Mexico.
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Immune Status and Hepatic Antioxidant Capacity of Gilthead Seabream Sparus aurata Juveniles Fed Yeast and Microalga Derived β-glucans. Mar Drugs 2021; 19:md19120653. [PMID: 34940652 PMCID: PMC8704051 DOI: 10.3390/md19120653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Revised: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
This work aimed to evaluate the effects of dietary supplementation with β-glucans extracted from yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) and microalga (Phaeodactylum tricornutum) on gene expression, oxidative stress biomarkers and plasma immune parameters in gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata) juveniles. A practical commercial diet was used as the control (CTRL), and three others based on CTRL were further supplemented with different β-glucan extracts. One was derived from S. cerevisiae (diet MG) and two different extracts of 21% and 37% P. tricornutum-derived β-glucans (defined as Phaeo21 and Phaeo37), to give a final 0.06% β-glucan dietary concentration. Quadruplicate groups of 95 gilthead seabream (initial body weight: 4.1 ± 0.1 g) were fed to satiation three times a day for 8 weeks in a pulse-feeding regimen, with experimental diets intercalated with the CTRL dietary treatment every 2 weeks. After 8 weeks of feeding, all groups showed equal growth performance and no changes were found in plasma innate immune status. Nonetheless, fish groups fed β-glucans supplemented diets showed an improved anti-oxidant status compared to those fed CTRL at both sampling points (i.e., 2 and 8 weeks). The intestinal gene expression analysis highlighted the immunomodulatory role of Phaeo37 diet after 8 weeks, inducing an immune tolerance effect in gilthead seabream intestine, and a general down-regulation of immune-related gene expression. In conclusion, the results suggest that the dietary pulse administration of a P. tricornutum 37% enriched-β-glucans extract might be used as a counter-measure in a context of gut inflammation, due to its immune-tolerant and anti-oxidative effects.
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25
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Liang D, Xiang H, Li S, Wang X, Wang Y. Cloning and heterologous expression of a UDP-sugar-producing pyrophosphorylase gene from the harmful alga Phaeocystis globosa (Prymnesiophyceae) and its possible function in colony formation. ALGAL RES 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2021.102441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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26
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Chen J, Yang J, Du H, Aslam M, Wang W, Chen W, Li T, Liu Z, Liu X. Laminarin, a Major Polysaccharide in Stramenopiles. Mar Drugs 2021; 19:576. [PMID: 34677475 PMCID: PMC8541152 DOI: 10.3390/md19100576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2021] [Revised: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
During the processes of primary and secondary endosymbiosis, different microalgae evolved to synthesis different storage polysaccharides. In stramenopiles, the main storage polysaccharides are β-1,3-glucan, or laminarin, in vacuoles. Currently, laminarin is gaining considerable attention due to its application in the food, cosmetic and pharmaceuticals industries, and also its importance in global biogeochemical cycles (especially in the ocean carbon cycle). In this review, the structures, composition, contents, and bioactivity of laminarin were summarized in different algae. It was shown that the general features of laminarin are species-dependence. Furthermore, the proposed biosynthesis and catabolism pathways of laminarin, functions of key genes, and diel regulation of laminarin were also depicted and comprehensively discussed for the first time. However, the complete pathways, functions of genes, and diel regulatory mechanisms of laminarin require more biomolecular studies. This review provides more useful information and identifies the knowledge gap regarding the future studies of laminarin and its applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jichen Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, STU-UNIVPM Joint Algal Research Center, Institute of Marine Sciences, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China; (J.C.); (H.D.); (M.A.); (W.W.); (W.C.); (T.L.)
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Guangzhou 510000, China
| | - Jianchao Yang
- Yantai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Yantai 265500, China;
| | - Hong Du
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, STU-UNIVPM Joint Algal Research Center, Institute of Marine Sciences, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China; (J.C.); (H.D.); (M.A.); (W.W.); (W.C.); (T.L.)
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Guangzhou 510000, China
| | - Muhmmad Aslam
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, STU-UNIVPM Joint Algal Research Center, Institute of Marine Sciences, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China; (J.C.); (H.D.); (M.A.); (W.W.); (W.C.); (T.L.)
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Guangzhou 510000, China
| | - Wanna Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, STU-UNIVPM Joint Algal Research Center, Institute of Marine Sciences, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China; (J.C.); (H.D.); (M.A.); (W.W.); (W.C.); (T.L.)
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Guangzhou 510000, China
| | - Weizhou Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, STU-UNIVPM Joint Algal Research Center, Institute of Marine Sciences, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China; (J.C.); (H.D.); (M.A.); (W.W.); (W.C.); (T.L.)
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Guangzhou 510000, China
| | - Tangcheng Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, STU-UNIVPM Joint Algal Research Center, Institute of Marine Sciences, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China; (J.C.); (H.D.); (M.A.); (W.W.); (W.C.); (T.L.)
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Guangzhou 510000, China
| | - Zhengyi Liu
- Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, China;
| | - Xiaojuan Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, STU-UNIVPM Joint Algal Research Center, Institute of Marine Sciences, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China; (J.C.); (H.D.); (M.A.); (W.W.); (W.C.); (T.L.)
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Guangzhou 510000, China
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Lovio-Fragoso JP, de Jesús-Campos D, López-Elías JA, Medina-Juárez LÁ, Fimbres-Olivarría D, Hayano-Kanashiro C. Biochemical and Molecular Aspects of Phosphorus Limitation in Diatoms and Their Relationship with Biomolecule Accumulation. BIOLOGY 2021; 10:biology10070565. [PMID: 34206287 PMCID: PMC8301168 DOI: 10.3390/biology10070565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Revised: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary Phosphorus (P) is a key nutrient involved in the transfer of energy and the synthesis of several cellular components. It has been reported that P limitation in diatoms induces the synthesis of biomolecules and the accumulation of storage compounds, such as pigments, carbohydrates and lipids, with diverse biological activities, which can be used in diverse biotechnological applications. However, the molecular and biochemical mechanisms related to how diatoms cope with P deficiency are not clear, and research into this has been limited to a few species. The integration of results obtained from omics sciences could provide a broad understanding of the response of diatoms to P limitation, and the information obtained could help to solve challenges such as biomass production, by-products yield and genetic improvement of strains. Abstract Diatoms are the most abundant group of phytoplankton, and their success lies in their significant adaptation ability to stress conditions, such as nutrient limitation. Phosphorus (P) is a key nutrient involved in the transfer of energy and the synthesis of several cellular components. Molecular and biochemical mechanisms related to how diatoms cope with P deficiency are not clear, and research into this has been limited to a few species. Among the molecular responses that have been reported in diatoms cultured under P deficient conditions is the upregulation of genes encoding enzymes related to the transport, assimilation, remobilization and recycling of this nutrient. Regarding biochemical responses, due to the reduction of the requirements for carbon structures for the synthesis of proteins and phospholipids, more CO2 is fixed than is consumed by the Calvin cycle. To deal with this excess, diatoms redirect the carbon flow toward the synthesis of storage compounds such as triacylglycerides and carbohydrates, which are excreted as extracellular polymeric substances. This review aimed to gather all current knowledge regarding the biochemical and molecular mechanisms of diatoms related to managing P deficiency in order to provide a wider insight into and understanding of their responses, as well as the metabolic pathways affected by the limitation of this nutrient.
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Bondar-Kunze E, Kasper V, Hein T. Responses of periphyton communities to abrupt changes in water temperature and velocity, and the relevance of morphology: A mesocosm approach. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 768:145200. [PMID: 33736353 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.145200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Sudden instream releases of water from hydropower plants (hydropeaking [HP]) can cause abrupt temperature variations (thermopeaking [TP]), typically on a daily/sub-daily basis. In alpine rivers, hydropeaking and thermopeaking waves usually overlap, which leads to a multiple stressor of flow velocity pulses and temperature alteration. Periphytic communities could give important insights into the effects of combined thermo- and hydropeaking (THP) in stream ecosystems. Thus, the study's first aim was to assess the combined effects of thermo-hydropeaking on structural (composition, biomass) and functional (photosynthesis, enzyme activity) properties of periphyton. The second aim was to assess the interaction between periphytic algae and the heterotrophic communities (bacteria) and determine how biotic and abiotic factors explain the variability of bacterial enzymatic activities in the periphyton. We assessed the effects of repeated cold and warm thermo-hydropeaking for 24 days on periphyton, by manipulating discharge and temperature in six experimental flumes directly fed by an Alpine stream. Our study revealed that THP had structural and functional effects on periphyton in oligotrophic streams, where the effects depending on the direction of the temperature change (cold/warm) and on the morphological setting (pool/riffle). The results showed that even a short-term increase in flow velocity and temperature decrease could induce better growth conditions for diatoms. Additionally, an increase in the interaction between periphytic algae and bacteria during thermo-hydropeaking was also shown, this coupling being more pronounced in pool than in riffle sections. Our results clearly showed that riffle sections develop less periphytic algal biomass and activity and therefore, THP can reduce biomass availability for primary consumers in large areas of impacted streams. These findings highlight the importance of mitigation measures, focusing on establishing heterogeneous stream bed areas, with frequent pool and riffle sequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabeth Bondar-Kunze
- Institute of Hydrobiology and Aquatic Ecosystem Management, Department of Water, Atmosphere and Environment, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Gregor Mendel Straße 33, A-1180 Vienna, Austria; WasserCluster Lunz - biologische Station, Lunz am See, Dr. Carl Kupelwieser Prom. 5, A-3293 Lunz/See, Austria.
| | - Veronica Kasper
- Institute of Hydrobiology and Aquatic Ecosystem Management, Department of Water, Atmosphere and Environment, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Gregor Mendel Straße 33, A-1180 Vienna, Austria; WasserCluster Lunz - biologische Station, Lunz am See, Dr. Carl Kupelwieser Prom. 5, A-3293 Lunz/See, Austria
| | - Thomas Hein
- Institute of Hydrobiology and Aquatic Ecosystem Management, Department of Water, Atmosphere and Environment, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Gregor Mendel Straße 33, A-1180 Vienna, Austria; WasserCluster Lunz - biologische Station, Lunz am See, Dr. Carl Kupelwieser Prom. 5, A-3293 Lunz/See, Austria
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Structural Basis of Ligand Selectivity by a Bacterial Adhesin Lectin Involved in Multispecies Biofilm Formation. mBio 2021; 12:mBio.00130-21. [PMID: 33824212 PMCID: PMC8092209 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.00130-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacterial adhesins are key virulence factors that are essential for the pathogen-host interaction and biofilm formation that cause most infections. Many of the adhesin-driven cell-cell interactions are mediated by lectins. Carbohydrate recognition by lectins governs critical host-microbe interactions. MpPA14 (Marinomonas primoryensis PA14 domain) lectin is a domain of a 1.5-MDa adhesin responsible for a symbiotic bacterium-diatom interaction in Antarctica. Here, we show that MpPA14 binds various monosaccharides, with l-fucose and N-acetylglucosamine being the strongest ligands (dissociation constant [Kd], ∼150 μM). High-resolution structures of MpPA14 with 15 different sugars bound elucidated the molecular basis for the lectin’s apparent binding promiscuity but underlying selectivity. MpPA14 mediates strong Ca2+-dependent interactions with the 3,4-diols of l-fucopyranose and glucopyranoses, and it binds other sugars via their specific minor isomers. Thus, MpPA14 only binds polysaccharides like branched glucans and fucoidans with these free end groups. Consistent with our findings, adhesion of MpPA14 to diatom cells was selectively blocked by l-fucose, but not by N-acetyl galactosamine. The MpPA14 lectin homolog present in a Vibrio cholerae adhesin was produced and was shown to have the same sugar binding preferences as MpPA14. The pathogen’s lectin was unable to effectively bind the diatom in the presence of fucose, thus demonstrating the antiadhesion strategy of blocking infection via ligand-based antagonists.
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Tiwari A, Melchor-Martínez EM, Saxena A, Kapoor N, Singh KJ, Saldarriaga-Hernández S, Parra-Saldívar R, Iqbal HMN. Therapeutic attributes and applied aspects of biological macromolecules (polypeptides, fucoxanthin, sterols, fatty acids, polysaccharides, and polyphenols) from diatoms - A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 171:398-413. [PMID: 33422516 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.12.219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2020] [Revised: 12/26/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Diatoms are ubiquitous, biologically widespread, and have global significance due to their unique silica cell wall composition and noteworthy applied aspects. Diatoms are being extensively exploited for environmental monitoring, reconstruction, and stratigraphic correlation. However, considering all the rich elements of diatoms biology, the current literature lacks sufficient information on the therapeutic attributes and applied aspects of biological macromolecules from diatoms, hampering added advances in all aspects of diatom biology. Diatoms offer numerous high-value compounds, such as fatty acids, polysaccharides, polypeptides, pigments, and polyphenols. Diatoms with a high content of PUFA's are targets of transformation into high-value products through microalgal technologies due to their wide application and growing market as nutraceuticals and food supplements. Diatoms are renewable biomaterial, which can be used to develop drug delivery systems due to biocompatibility, surface area, cost-effective ratio, and ease in surface modifications. Innovative approaches are needed to envisage cost-effective ways for the isolation of bioactive compounds, enhance productivity, and elucidate the detailed mechanism of action. This review spotlights the notable applications of diatoms and their biologically active constituents, such as fucoxanthin and omega 3 fatty acids, among others with unique structural and functional entities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Archana Tiwari
- Diatom Research Laboratory, Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University, Noida, India.
| | | | - Abhishek Saxena
- Diatom Research Laboratory, Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University, Noida, India
| | - Neha Kapoor
- Department of Chemistry, Hindu College, University of Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | - Kawal Jeet Singh
- Diatom Research Laboratory, Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University, Noida, India
| | | | | | - Hafiz M N Iqbal
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Monterrey 64849, Mexico.
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Arnosti C, Wietz M, Brinkhoff T, Hehemann JH, Probandt D, Zeugner L, Amann R. The Biogeochemistry of Marine Polysaccharides: Sources, Inventories, and Bacterial Drivers of the Carbohydrate Cycle. ANNUAL REVIEW OF MARINE SCIENCE 2021; 13:81-108. [PMID: 32726567 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-marine-032020-012810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Polysaccharides are major components of macroalgal and phytoplankton biomass and constitute a large fraction of the organic matter produced and degraded in the ocean. Until recently, however, our knowledge of marine polysaccharides was limited due to their great structural complexity, the correspondingly complicated enzymatic machinery used by microbial communities to degrade them, and a lack of readily applied means to isolate andcharacterize polysaccharides in detail. Advances in carbohydrate chemistry, bioinformatics, molecular ecology, and microbiology have led to new insights into the structures of polysaccharides, the means by which they are degraded by bacteria, and the ecology of polysaccharide production and decomposition. Here, we survey current knowledge, discuss recent advances, and present a new conceptual model linking polysaccharide structural complexity and abundance to microbially driven mechanisms of polysaccharide processing. We conclude by highlighting specific future research foci that will shed light on this central but poorly characterized component of the marine carbon cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Arnosti
- Department of Marine Sciences, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA;
| | - M Wietz
- HGF MPG Joint Research Group for Deep-Sea Ecology and Technology, Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, 27570 Bremerhaven, Germany, and Max Planck Institute for Marine Microbiology, 28359 Bremen, Germany
| | - T Brinkhoff
- Institute for the Chemistry and Biology of the Marine Environment, University of Oldenburg, 26111 Oldenburg, Germany
| | - J-H Hehemann
- MARUM MPG Bridge Group Marine Glycobiology, Center for Marine Environmental Sciences (MARUM), University of Bremen, and Max Planck Institute for Marine Microbiology, 28359 Bremen, Germany
| | - D Probandt
- Department of Molecular Ecology, Max Planck Institute for Marine Microbiology, 28359 Bremen, Germany
| | - L Zeugner
- Department of Molecular Ecology, Max Planck Institute for Marine Microbiology, 28359 Bremen, Germany
| | - R Amann
- Department of Molecular Ecology, Max Planck Institute for Marine Microbiology, 28359 Bremen, Germany
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Kato Y, Hasunuma T. Metabolic Engineering for Carotenoid Production Using Eukaryotic Microalgae and Prokaryotic Cyanobacteria. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2021; 1261:121-135. [PMID: 33783735 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-15-7360-6_10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Eukaryotic microalgae and prokaryotic cyanobacteria are diverse photosynthetic organisms that produce various useful compounds. Due to their rapid growth and efficient biomass production from carbon dioxide and solar energy, microalgae and cyanobacteria are expected to become cost-effective, sustainable bioresources in the future. These organisms also abundantly produce various carotenoids, but further improvement in carotenoid productivity is needed for a successful commercialization. Metabolic engineering via genetic manipulation and mutational breeding is a powerful tool for generating carotenoid-rich strains. This chapter focuses on carotenoid production in microalgae and cyanobacteria, as well as strategies and potential target genes for metabolic engineering. Recent achievements in metabolic engineering that improved carotenoid production in microalgae and cyanobacteria are also reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuichi Kato
- Graduate School of Science, Technology and Innovation, Kobe University, Kobe-city, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Tomohisa Hasunuma
- Graduate School of Science, Technology and Innovation, Kobe University, Kobe-city, Hyogo, Japan.
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Reintjes G, Fuchs BM, Amann R, Arnosti C. Extensive Microbial Processing of Polysaccharides in the South Pacific Gyre via Selfish Uptake and Extracellular Hydrolysis. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:583158. [PMID: 33391202 PMCID: PMC7775370 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.583158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Primary productivity occurs throughout the deep euphotic zone of the oligotrophic South Pacific Gyre (SPG), fueled largely by the regeneration of nutrients and thus recycling of organic matter. We investigated the heterotrophic capabilities of the SPG's bacterial communities by examining their ability to process polysaccharides, an important component of marine organic matter. We focused on the initial step of organic matter degradation by measuring the activities of extracellular enzymes that hydrolyze six different polysaccharides to smaller sizes. This process can occur by two distinct mechanisms: "selfish uptake," in which initial hydrolysis is coupled to transport of large polysaccharide fragments into the periplasmic space of bacteria, with little to no loss of hydrolysis products to the external environment, and "external hydrolysis," in which low molecular weight (LMW) hydrolysis products are produced in the external environment. Given the oligotrophic nature of the SPG, we did not expect high enzymatic activity; however, we found that all six polysaccharides were hydrolyzed externally and taken up selfishly in the central SPG, observations that may be linked to a comparatively high abundance of diatoms at the depth and location sampled (75 m). At the edge of the gyre and close to the center of the gyre, four of six polysaccharides were externally hydrolyzed, and a lower fraction of the bacterial community showed selfish uptake. One polysaccharide (fucoidan) was selfishly taken up without measurable external hydrolysis at two stations. Additional incubations of central gyre water from depths of 1,250 and 2,800 m with laminarin (an abundant polysaccharide in the ocean) led to extreme growth of opportunistic bacteria (Alteromonas), as tracked by cell counts and next generation sequencing of the bacterial communities. These Alteromonas appear to concurrently selfishly take up laminarin and release LMW hydrolysis products. Overall, extracellular enzyme activities in the SPG were similar to activities in non-oligotrophic regions, and a considerable fraction of the community was capable of selfish uptake at all three stations. A diverse set of bacteria responded to and are potentially important for the recycling of organic matter in the SPG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Greta Reintjes
- Department of Molecular Ecology, Max Planck Institute for Marine Microbiology, Bremen, Germany
- Lethbridge Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lethbridge, AB, Canada
| | - Bernhard M. Fuchs
- Department of Molecular Ecology, Max Planck Institute for Marine Microbiology, Bremen, Germany
| | - Rudolf Amann
- Department of Molecular Ecology, Max Planck Institute for Marine Microbiology, Bremen, Germany
| | - Carol Arnosti
- Department of Molecular Ecology, Max Planck Institute for Marine Microbiology, Bremen, Germany
- Department of Marine Sciences, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
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Extraction Improvement of the Bioactive Blue-Green Pigment "Marennine" from Diatom Haslea ostrearia's Blue Water: A Solid-Phase Method Based on Graphitic Matrices. Mar Drugs 2020; 18:md18120653. [PMID: 33352967 PMCID: PMC7767052 DOI: 10.3390/md18120653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2020] [Revised: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The compound “marennine” is a blue–green pigment produced by the benthic microalgae Haslea ostrearia, with pathogenicity reduction activities against some bacteria and promising potential as a natural pigment in seafood industries. After decades of research, the chemical family of this compound still remains unclear, mainly because structural studies were impaired by the presence of co-extracted compounds in marennine isolates. To improve the purity of marennine extract, we developed a novel extraction method using a graphitic stationary phase, which provides various advantages over the previous procedure using tandem ultrafiltration. Our method is faster, more versatile, provides a better crude yield (66%, compared to 57% for ultrafiltration) and is amenable to upscaling with continuous photobioreactor cultivation. Our goal was to take advantage of the modulable surface properties of the graphitic matrix by optimizing its interactions with marennine. As such, the effects of organic modifiers, pH and reducing agents were studied. With this improvement on marennine purification, we achieved altogether the isolation of a fucoidan-related, sulfated polysaccharide from blue water. Characterization of the polysaccharides fraction suggests that roughly half of UV-absorbing compounds could be isolated from the marennine crude extracts. The identification of sulfated polysaccharides could be a major breakthrough for marennine purification, providing targeted isolation techniques. Likewise, the added value of Haslea ostrearia and the role of polysaccharides in previous marennine chemical characterization and bioactivity studies remain to be determined.
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Ferrer-González FX, Widner B, Holderman NR, Glushka J, Edison AS, Kujawinski EB, Moran MA. Resource partitioning of phytoplankton metabolites that support bacterial heterotrophy. ISME JOURNAL 2020; 15:762-773. [PMID: 33097854 PMCID: PMC8027193 DOI: 10.1038/s41396-020-00811-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2020] [Revised: 10/02/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The communities of bacteria that assemble around marine microphytoplankton are predictably dominated by Rhodobacterales, Flavobacteriales, and families within the Gammaproteobacteria. Yet whether this consistent ecological pattern reflects the result of resource-based niche partitioning or resource competition requires better knowledge of the metabolites linking microbial autotrophs and heterotrophs in the surface ocean. We characterized molecules targeted for uptake by three heterotrophic bacteria individually co-cultured with a marine diatom using two strategies that vetted the exometabolite pool for biological relevance by means of bacterial activity assays: expression of diagnostic genes and net drawdown of exometabolites, the latter detected with mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance using novel sample preparation approaches. Of the more than 36 organic molecules with evidence of bacterial uptake, 53% contained nitrogen (including nucleosides and amino acids), 11% were organic sulfur compounds (including dihydroxypropanesulfonate and dimethysulfoniopropionate), and 28% were components of polysaccharides (including chrysolaminarin, chitin, and alginate). Overlap in phytoplankton-derived metabolite use by bacteria in the absence of competition was low, and only guanosine, proline, and N-acetyl-D-glucosamine were predicted to be used by all three. Exometabolite uptake pattern points to a key role for ecological resource partitioning in the assembly marine bacterial communities transforming recent photosynthate.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Brittany Widner
- Department of Marine Chemistry and Geochemistry, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, MA, 02543, USA
| | - Nicole R Holderman
- Department of Biochemistry and Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602, USA
| | - John Glushka
- Department of Biochemistry and Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602, USA
| | - Arthur S Edison
- Department of Biochemistry and Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602, USA
| | - Elizabeth B Kujawinski
- Department of Marine Chemistry and Geochemistry, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, MA, 02543, USA
| | - Mary Ann Moran
- Department of Marine Sciences, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602, USA.
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Nitsos C, Filali R, Taidi B, Lemaire J. Current and novel approaches to downstream processing of microalgae: A review. Biotechnol Adv 2020; 45:107650. [PMID: 33091484 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2020.107650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2020] [Revised: 10/02/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Biotechnological application of microalgae cultures at large scale has significant potential in the various fields of biofuels, food and feed, cosmetic, pharmaceutic, environmental remediation and water treatment. Despite this great potential application, industrialisation of microalgae culture and valorisation is still faced with serious remaining challenges in culture scale-up, harvesting and extraction of target molecules. This review presents a general summary of current techniques for harvesting and extraction of biomolecules from microalgae, their relative merits and potential for industrial application. The cell wall composition and its impact on microalgae cell disruption is discussed. Additionally, more recent progress and promising experimental methods and studies are summarised that would allow the reader to further investigate the state of the art. A final survey of energetic assessments of the different techniques is also made. Bead milling and high-pressure homogenisation seem to give clear advantages in terms of target high value compounds extraction from microalgae, with enzyme hydrolysis as a promising emerging technique. Future industrialisation of microalgae for high scale biotechnological processing will require the establishment of universal comparison-standards that would enable easy assessment of one technique against another.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christos Nitsos
- LGPM, CentraleSupélec, SFR Condorcet FR CNRS 3417, Centre Européen de Biotechnologie et de Bioéconomie (CEBB), Université paris-Saclay, 3 rue des Rouges Terres, 51110 Pomacle, France.
| | - Rayen Filali
- LGPM, CentraleSupélec, SFR Condorcet FR CNRS 3417, Centre Européen de Biotechnologie et de Bioéconomie (CEBB), Université paris-Saclay, 3 rue des Rouges Terres, 51110 Pomacle, France.
| | - Behnam Taidi
- LGPM, CentraleSupélec, Unierstiy of Paris Sacaly, Bât Gustave Eiffel, 3 rue Joliot Curie, 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France.
| | - Julien Lemaire
- LGPM, CentraleSupélec, SFR Condorcet FR CNRS 3417, Centre Européen de Biotechnologie et de Bioéconomie (CEBB), Université paris-Saclay, 3 rue des Rouges Terres, 51110 Pomacle, France.
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Novis PM, Sales RE, Gordon K, Manning N, Duleba M, Ács É, Dressler M, Schallenberg M. Lindavia intermedia (Bacillariophyceae) and Nuisance lake Snow in New Zealand: Chitin Content and Quantitative PCR Methods to Estimate Cell Concentrations and Expression of Chitin Synthase 1. JOURNAL OF PHYCOLOGY 2020; 56:1232-1244. [PMID: 32396981 DOI: 10.1111/jpy.13014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2019] [Accepted: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Lake snow, caused by the freshwater centric diatom Lindavia intermedia, has become problematic in several large, oligotrophic New Zealand lakes over the past decade. Macroaggregates produced by L. intermedia foul fishing lines, intake screens, and water filters, and have a negative impact on recreational values. It was confirmed that the fibers constituting lake snow are composed of chitin, two chitin synthase genes (chs1 and 2) from L. intermedia were characterized, new qPCR-based tools to quantify the abundance of the species and measure expression of chs2 relative to the reference gene act1 (the product of which has cytoskeletal functions) were developed. The strong heterogeneity and mucilaginous nature of lake snow samples create particular difficulties for calibrations of gene or transcript copy numbers with cell densities and obtaining high yields of mRNA. However, data collected from four lakes during November 2018 and February and May 2019 show that abundance of L. intermedia is always high when lake snow is also abundant, but that a full range of L. intermedia abundance can occur when lake snow is absent, suggesting that chitin production is not obligate in L. intermedia. This result is consistent with the available data for chs2 expression, which suggest higher transcription when lake snow is abundant. Lake snow production by L. intermedia therefore requires an as yet undetermined stimulus independent of cell abundance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phil M Novis
- Allan Herbarium, Manaaki Whenua - Landcare Research, P.O. Box 69040, Lincoln, 7640, New Zealand
| | - Ruth E Sales
- Department of Chemistry, University of Otago, P.O. Box 56, Dunedin, 9054, New Zealand
| | - Keith Gordon
- Department of Chemistry, University of Otago, P.O. Box 56, Dunedin, 9054, New Zealand
| | - Nathan Manning
- Otago Regional Council, 14 Rogers St, Cromwell, 9310, New Zealand
| | - Mónika Duleba
- MTA Centre for Ecological Research, Danube Research Institute, 1113, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Éva Ács
- MTA Centre for Ecological Research, Danube Research Institute, 1113, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Mirko Dressler
- Department of Allgemeine u. Spezielle Botanik, Universität Rostock, Wismarsche Str. 44/45, 18051, Rostock, Germany
| | - Marc Schallenberg
- Department of Zoology, University of Otago, P.O. Box 56, Dunedin, 9054, New Zealand
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Differences in the Formation Mechanism of Giant Colonies in Two Phaeocystis globosa Strains. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21155393. [PMID: 32751329 PMCID: PMC7432625 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21155393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2020] [Revised: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Phaeocystis globosa has become one of the primary causes of harmful algal bloom in coastal areas of southern China in recent years, and it poses a serious threat to the marine environment and other activities depending upon on it (e.g., aquaculture, cooling system of power plants), especially in the Beibu Gulf. We found colonies of P. globosa collected form Guangxi (China) were much larger than those obtained from Shantou cultured in lab. To better understand the causes of giant colonies formation, colonial cells collected from P. globosa GX strain (GX-C) and ST strain (ST-C) were separated by filtration. Morphological observations, phylogenetic analyses, rapid light-response curves, fatty acid profiling and transcriptome analyses of two type cells were performed in the laboratory. Although no differences in morphology and 18S rRNA sequences of these cells were observed, the colonies of GX strain (4.7 mm) are 30 times larger than those produced by the ST strain (300 μm). The rapid light-response curve of GX-C was greater than that of ST-C, consistent with the upregulated photosynthetic system, while the fatty acid content of GX-C was lower than that of ST-C, also consistent with the downregulated synthesis of fatty acids and the upregulated degradation of fatty acids. In summary, the increased energy generated by GX-C is allocated to promote the secretion of extracellular polysaccharides for colony formation. We performed a physiological and molecular assessment of the differences between the GX-C and ST-C strains, providing insights into the mechanisms of giant colonies formation in P. globosa.
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Xue CX, Zhang H, Lin HY, Sun Y, Luo D, Huang Y, Zhang XH, Luo H. Ancestral niche separation and evolutionary rate differentiation between sister marine flavobacteria lineages. Environ Microbiol 2020; 22:3234-3247. [PMID: 32390223 DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.15065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Revised: 05/05/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Marine flavobacteria are specialists for polysaccharide degradation. They dominate in habitats enriched with polysaccharides, but are also prevalent in pelagic environments where polysaccharides are less available. These niches are likely occupied by distinct lineages, but evolutionary processes underlying their niche differentiation remain elusive. Here, genomic analyses and physiological assays indicate that the sister flavobacteria lineages Leeuwenhoekiella and Nonlabens likely explore polysaccharide-rich macroalgae and polysaccharide-poor pelagic niches respectively. Phylogenomic analyses inferred that the niche separation likely occurred anciently and coincided with increased sequence evolutionary rate in Nonlabens compared with Leeuwenhoekiella. Further analyses ruled out the known mechanisms likely driving evolutionary rate acceleration, including reduced selection efficiency, decreased generation time and increased mutation rate. In particular, the mutation rates were determined using an unbiased experimental method, which measures the present-day populations and may not reflect ancestral populations. These data collectively lead to a new hypothesis that an ancestral and transient mutation rate increase resulted in evolutionary rate increase in Nonlabens. This hypothesis was supported by inferring that gains and losses of genes involved in SOS response, a mechanism known to drive transiently increased mutation rate, coincided with evolutionary rate acceleration. Our analyses highlight the evolutionary mechanisms underlying niche differentiation of flavobacteria lineages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Xu Xue
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China.,Simon F. S. Li Marine Science Laboratory, School of Life Sciences and State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Hao Zhang
- Simon F. S. Li Marine Science Laboratory, School of Life Sciences and State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR
| | - He-Yu Lin
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Ying Sun
- Simon F. S. Li Marine Science Laboratory, School of Life Sciences and State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Danli Luo
- Simon F. S. Li Marine Science Laboratory, School of Life Sciences and State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Yongjie Huang
- Simon F. S. Li Marine Science Laboratory, School of Life Sciences and State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Xiao-Hua Zhang
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Haiwei Luo
- Simon F. S. Li Marine Science Laboratory, School of Life Sciences and State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR.,Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, 518000, China
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40
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Zhang W, Tang X, Yang Y, Zhang X, Zhang X. Elevated pCO 2 Level Affects the Extracellular Polymer Metabolism of Phaeodactylum tricornutum. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:339. [PMID: 32194534 PMCID: PMC7064563 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.00339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2019] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) play an important role in diatom physiology and carbon biogeochemical cycling in marine ecosystems. Both the composition and yield of EPS in diatom cells can vary with environmental changes. However, information on intracellular pathways and controls of both biochemical and genetic of EPS is limited. Further, how such changes would affect their critical ecological roles in marine systems is also unclear. Here, we evaluated the physiological characteristics, EPS yields, EPS compositions, and gene expression levels of Phaeodactylum tricornutum under elevated pCO2 levels. Genes and pathways related to EPS metabolism in P. tricornutum were identified. Carbohydrate yields in different EPS fractions increased with elevated pCO2 exposure. Although the proportions of monosaccharide sugars among total sugars did not change, higher abundances of uronic acid were observed under high pCO2 conditions, suggesting the alterations of EPS composition. Elevated pCO2 increased PSII light energy conversion efficiency and carbon sequestration efficiency. The up-regulation of most genes involved in carbon fixation pathways led to increased growth and EPS release. RNA-Seq analysis revealed a number of genes and divergent alleles related to EPS production that were up-regulated by elevated pCO2 levels. Nucleotide diphosphate (NDP)-sugar activation and accelerated glycosylation could be responsible for more EPS responding to environmental signals. Further, NDP-sugar transporters exhibited increased expression levels, suggesting roles in EPS over-production. Overall, these results provide critical data for understanding the mechanisms of EPS production in diatoms and evaluating the metabolic plasticity of these organisms in response to environmental changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhang
- Department of Marine Ecology, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Xuexi Tang
- Department of Marine Ecology, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
- Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory of Oceanology for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Yingying Yang
- Department of Marine Ecology, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Department of Marine Ecology, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Xinxin Zhang
- Department of Marine Ecology, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
- Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory of Oceanology for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
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Polysaccharide niche partitioning of distinct Polaribacter clades during North Sea spring algal blooms. ISME JOURNAL 2020; 14:1369-1383. [PMID: 32071394 PMCID: PMC7242417 DOI: 10.1038/s41396-020-0601-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2019] [Revised: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Massive releases of organic substrates during marine algal blooms trigger growth of many clades of heterotrophic bacteria. Algal polysaccharides represent the most diverse and structurally complex class of these substrates, yet their role in shaping the microbial community composition is poorly understood. We investigated, whether polysaccharide utilization capabilities contribute to niche differentiation of Polaribacter spp. (class Flavobacteriia; known to include relevant polysaccharide-degraders) that were abundant during 2009–2012 spring algal blooms in the southern North Sea. We identified six distinct Polaribacter clades using phylogenetic and phylogenomic analyses, quantified their abundances via fluorescence in situ hybridization, compared metagenome-assembled genomes, and assessed in situ gene expression using metaproteomics. Four clades with distinct polysaccharide niches were dominating. Polaribacter 2-a comprised typical first responders featuring small genomes with limited polysaccharide utilization capacities. Polaribacter 3-a were abundant only in 2010 and possessed a distinct sulfated α-glucoronomannan degradation potential. Polaribacter 3-b responded late in blooms and had the capacity to utilize sulfated xylan. Polaribacter 1-a featured high numbers of glycan degradation genes and were particularly abundant following Chattonella algae blooms. These results support the hypothesis that sympatric Polaribacter clades occupy distinct glycan niches during North Sea spring algal blooms.
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42
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Aslanbay Guler B, Deniz I, Demirel Z, Yesil-Celiktas O, Imamoglu E. A novel subcritical fucoxanthin extraction with a biorefinery approach. Biochem Eng J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2019.107403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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43
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Laviale M, Beaussart A, Allen J, Quilès F, El-Kirat-Chatel S. Probing the Adhesion of the Common Freshwater Diatom Nitzschia palea at Nanoscale. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:48574-48582. [PMID: 31766843 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b17821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Freshwater biofilms play an essential ecological role, but they also adversely affect human activities through undesirable biofouling of artificial submerged structures. They form complex aggregates of microorganisms that colonize any type of substratum. In phototrophic biofilms, diatoms dominate in biomass and produce copious amount of extracellular polymeric substances (EPSs), making them efficient early colonizers. Therefore, a better understanding of diatoms adhesive properties is essential to develop new anti-biofouling strategies. In this context, we used atomic force microscopy (AFM) to decipher the topography and adhesive mechanisms of the common freshwater diatom Nitzschia palea. Images taken in physiological conditions revealed typical ultrastructural features with a few nanometers resolution. Using single-cell force spectroscopy, we showed that N. palea strongly adheres to hydrophobic surfaces as compared to hydrophilic ones. Chemical force spectroscopy with hydrophobic tips further confirmed that the adhesion is governed by surface-associated hydrophobic EPS distributed in clusters at the frustule surface, and mostly composed of (glyco)-lipids as revealed by Raman spectroscopy. Collectively, our results demonstrate that AFM-based nanoscopy, combined with Raman spectroscopy, is a powerful tool to provide new insights into the adhesion mechanisms of diatoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Laviale
- Université de Lorraine, CNRS, LIEC , F-57000 Metz , France
| | | | - Joey Allen
- Université de Lorraine, CNRS, LIEC , F-57000 Metz , France
| | - Fabienne Quilès
- Université de Lorraine, CNRS, LCPME , F-54000 Nancy , France
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Bernaerts TM, Gheysen L, Foubert I, Hendrickx ME, Van Loey AM. The potential of microalgae and their biopolymers as structuring ingredients in food: A review. Biotechnol Adv 2019; 37:107419. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2019.107419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2018] [Revised: 07/15/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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45
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Badur AH, Ammar EM, Yalamanchili G, Hehemann JH, Rao CV. Characterization of the GH16 and GH17 laminarinases from Vibrio breoganii 1C10. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2019; 104:161-171. [PMID: 31754764 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-019-10243-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2019] [Revised: 10/28/2019] [Accepted: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Laminarin is an abundant glucose polymer used as an energy reserve by micro- and macroalgae. Bacteria digest and consume laminarin with laminarinases. Their genomes frequently contain multiple homologs; however, the biological role for this replication remains unclear. We investigated the four laminarinases of glycoside hydrolase families GH16 and GH17 from the marine bacterium Vibrio breoganii 1C10, which can use laminarin as its sole carbon source. All four laminarinases employ an endolytic mechanism and specifically cleave the β-1,3-glycosidic bond. Two primarily produce low-molecular weight laminarin oligomers (DP 3-4) whereas the others primarily produce high-molecular weight oligomers (DP > 8), which suggests that these enzymes sequentially degrade laminarin. The results from this work provide an overview of the laminarinases from a single marine bacterium and also provide insights regarding how multiple laminarinases are used to degrade laminarin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmet H Badur
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 600 S. Mathews Ave, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Ehab M Ammar
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 600 S. Mathews Ave, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA.,Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute, University of Sadat City, El Sadat City, Egypt
| | - Geethika Yalamanchili
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 600 S. Mathews Ave, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Jan-Hendrik Hehemann
- MARUM MPG Bridge Group Marine Glycobiology, Max Planck Institute for Marine Microbiology, Bremen, Germany
| | - Christopher V Rao
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 600 S. Mathews Ave, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA.
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46
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Felline S, Del Coco L, Kaleb S, Guarnieri G, Fraschetti S, Terlizzi A, Fanizzi FP, Falace A. The response of the algae Fucus virsoides (Fucales, Ochrophyta) to Roundup® solution exposure: A metabolomics approach. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2019; 254:112977. [PMID: 31377326 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.112977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2019] [Revised: 06/28/2019] [Accepted: 07/27/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Glyphosate, as a broad-spectrum herbicide, is frequently detected in water and several studies have investigated its effects on several freshwater aquatic organisms. Yet, only few investigations have been performed on marine macroalgae. Here, we studied both the metabolomics responses and the effect on primary production in the endemic brown algae Fucus virsoides exposed to different concentration (0, 0.5, 1.5 and 2.5 mg L-1) of a commercial glyphosate-based herbicide, namely Roundup®. Our results show that Roundup® significantly reduced quantum yield of photosynthesis (Fv/Fm) and caused alteration in the metabolomic profiles of exposed thalli compared to controls. Together with the decrease in the aromatic amino acids (phenylalanine and tyrosine), an increase in shikimate content was detected. The branched-amino acids differently varied according to levels of herbicide exposure, as well as observed for the content of choline, formate, glucose, malonate and fumarate. Our results suggest that marine primary producers could be largely affected by the agricultural land use, this asking for further studies addressing the ecosystem-level effects of glyphosate-based herbicides in coastal waters.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Felline
- CoNISMa, Piazzale Flaminio 9, 00196, Roma, Italy
| | - L Del Coco
- Department of Biology, Environmental Sciences and Technologies, University of Salento, 73100, Lecce, Italy
| | - S Kaleb
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, 34127, Trieste, Italy
| | - G Guarnieri
- CoNISMa, Piazzale Flaminio 9, 00196, Roma, Italy; Department of Biology, Environmental Sciences and Technologies, University of Salento, 73100, Lecce, Italy
| | - S Fraschetti
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, 80926, Napoli, Italy; Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, 80121, Napoli, Italy
| | - A Terlizzi
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, 34127, Trieste, Italy; Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, 80121, Napoli, Italy
| | - F P Fanizzi
- Department of Biology, Environmental Sciences and Technologies, University of Salento, 73100, Lecce, Italy.
| | - A Falace
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, 34127, Trieste, Italy
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47
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Carballo C, Pinto PIS, Mateus AP, Berbel C, Guerreiro CC, Martinez-Blanch JF, Codoñer FM, Mantecon L, Power DM, Manchado M. Yeast β-glucans and microalgal extracts modulate the immune response and gut microbiome in Senegalese sole (Solea senegalensis). FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 92:31-39. [PMID: 31128296 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2019.05.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2019] [Revised: 05/15/2019] [Accepted: 05/20/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
One bottleneck to sustainability of fish aquaculture is the control of infectious diseases. Current trends include the preventive application of immunostimulants and prebiotics such as polysaccharides. The present study investigated how yeast β-glucan (Y), microalgal polysaccharide-enriched extracts (MAe) and whole Phaeodactylum tricornutum cells (MA) modulated the gut microbiome and stimulated the immune system in Senegalese sole (Solea senegalensis) when administered by oral intubation. Blood, intestine and spleen samples were taken at 3 h, 24 h, 48 h and 7 days after treatment. The short-term response (within 48 h after treatment) consisted of up-regulation of il1b and irf7 expression in the gut of the Y treated group. In contrast, administration of MAe decreased expression of tnfa and the chemokine cxc10 in the gut and spleen. Both treatments down-regulated the expression of irf3 with respect to the control group. Lysozyme activity in plasma decreased at 48 h only in the MAe-treated soles. Medium-term response consisted of the up-regulation of clec and irf7 expression in the gut of the Y, MAe and MA groups and of il1b mRNAs in the spleen of the MA group compared to the control group. Microbiome analysis using 16S rDNA gene sequencing indicated that the intestine microbiome was dominated by bacteria of the Vibrio genus (>95%). All the treatments decreased the relative proportion of Vibrio in the microbiome and Y and MAe decreased and MA increased diversity. Quantitative PCR confirmed the load of bacteria of the Vibrio genus was significantly decreased and this was most pronounced in Y treated fish. These data indicate that orally administrated insoluble yeast β-glucans acted locally in the gut modulating the immune response and controlling the Vibrio abundance. In contrast, the MAe slightly reduced the Vibrio load in the intestine and caused a transient systemic anti-inflammatory response. The results indicate that these polysaccharides are a promising source of prebiotics for the sole aquaculture industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Carballo
- IFAPA Centro El Toruño, Junta de Andalucía, Camino Tiro Pichón s/n, 11500 El Puerto de Santa María, Cádiz, Spain; Universidad de Málaga, Departamento de Microbiologia, Campus de Teatinos, 29071, Malaga, Spain
| | - Patricia I S Pinto
- Centre of Marine Sciences (CCMAR), Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139, Faro, Portugal
| | - Ana Patricia Mateus
- Centre of Marine Sciences (CCMAR), Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139, Faro, Portugal; Escola Superior de Saúde da Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139, Faro, Portugal
| | - Concha Berbel
- IFAPA Centro El Toruño, Junta de Andalucía, Camino Tiro Pichón s/n, 11500 El Puerto de Santa María, Cádiz, Spain
| | - Cláudia C Guerreiro
- Centre of Marine Sciences (CCMAR), Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139, Faro, Portugal
| | - Juan F Martinez-Blanch
- LifeSequencing, Parc Cientific Universidad De Valencia, Edif. 2, C/ Catedrático Agustín Escardino Benlloch, 9, 46980, Paterna, Spain
| | - Francisco M Codoñer
- LifeSequencing, Parc Cientific Universidad De Valencia, Edif. 2, C/ Catedrático Agustín Escardino Benlloch, 9, 46980, Paterna, Spain
| | - Lalia Mantecon
- Fitoplancton Marino, Dársena Comercial S/N (Muelle Pesquero), 11500, El Puerto de Santa María, Cádiz, Spain
| | - Deborah M Power
- Centre of Marine Sciences (CCMAR), Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139, Faro, Portugal.
| | - Manuel Manchado
- IFAPA Centro El Toruño, Junta de Andalucía, Camino Tiro Pichón s/n, 11500 El Puerto de Santa María, Cádiz, Spain.
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48
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Krüger K, Chafee M, Ben Francis T, Glavina Del Rio T, Becher D, Schweder T, Amann RI, Teeling H. In marine Bacteroidetes the bulk of glycan degradation during algae blooms is mediated by few clades using a restricted set of genes. ISME JOURNAL 2019; 13:2800-2816. [PMID: 31316134 PMCID: PMC6794258 DOI: 10.1038/s41396-019-0476-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2019] [Revised: 07/01/2019] [Accepted: 07/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
We investigated Bacteroidetes during spring algae blooms in the southern North Sea in 2010–2012 using a time series of 38 deeply sequenced metagenomes. Initial partitioning yielded 6455 bins, from which we extracted 3101 metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs) including 1286 Bacteroidetes MAGs covering ~120 mostly uncultivated species. We identified 13 dominant, recurrent Bacteroidetes clades carrying a restricted set of conserved polysaccharide utilization loci (PULs) that likely mediate the bulk of bacteroidetal algal polysaccharide degradation. The majority of PULs were predicted to target the diatom storage polysaccharide laminarin, alpha-glucans, alpha-mannose-rich substrates, and sulfated xylans. Metaproteomics at 14 selected points in time revealed expression of SusC-like proteins from PULs targeting all of these substrates. Analyses of abundant key players and their PUL repertoires over time furthermore suggested that fewer and simpler polysaccharides dominated early bloom stages, and that more complex polysaccharides became available as blooms progressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen Krüger
- Max Planck Institute for Marine Microbiology, Celsiusstraße 1, 28359, Bremen, Germany
| | - Meghan Chafee
- Max Planck Institute for Marine Microbiology, Celsiusstraße 1, 28359, Bremen, Germany
| | - T Ben Francis
- Max Planck Institute for Marine Microbiology, Celsiusstraße 1, 28359, Bremen, Germany
| | | | - Dörte Becher
- Institute for Microbiology, University Greifswald, Felix-Hausdorff-Straße 8, 17489, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Thomas Schweder
- Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Institute of Pharmacy, University Greifswald, Felix-Hausdorff-Straße 3, 17487, Greifswald, Germany.,Institute of Marine Biotechnology, Walther-Rathenau-Straße 49a, 17489, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Rudolf I Amann
- Max Planck Institute for Marine Microbiology, Celsiusstraße 1, 28359, Bremen, Germany.
| | - Hanno Teeling
- Max Planck Institute for Marine Microbiology, Celsiusstraße 1, 28359, Bremen, Germany.
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49
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Barkia I, Saari N, Manning SR. Microalgae for High-Value Products Towards Human Health and Nutrition. Mar Drugs 2019; 17:E304. [PMID: 31137657 PMCID: PMC6562505 DOI: 10.3390/md17050304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 205] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2019] [Accepted: 04/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Microalgae represent a potential source of renewable nutrition and there is growing interest in algae-based dietary supplements in the form of whole biomass, e.g., Chlorella and Arthrospira, or purified extracts containing omega-3 fatty acids and carotenoids. The commercial production of bioactive compounds from microalgae is currently challenged by the biorefinery process. This review focuses on the biochemical composition of microalgae, the complexities of mass cultivation, as well as potential therapeutic applications. The advantages of open and closed growth systems are discussed, including common problems encountered with large-scale growth systems. Several methods are used for the purification and isolation of bioactive compounds, and many products from microalgae have shown potential as antioxidants and treatments for hypertension, among other health conditions. However, there are many unknown algal metabolites and potential impurities that could cause harm, so more research is needed to characterize strains of interest, improve overall operation, and generate safe, functional products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ines Barkia
- Department of Food Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor 43400, Malaysia.
| | - Nazamid Saari
- Department of Food Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor 43400, Malaysia.
| | - Schonna R Manning
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, UTEX Culture Collection of Algae, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA.
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50
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Zhang P, Burel C, Plasson C, Kiefer-Meyer MC, Ovide C, Gügi B, Wan C, Teo G, Mak A, Song Z, Driouich A, Lerouge P, Bardor M. Characterization of a GDP-Fucose Transporter and a Fucosyltransferase Involved in the Fucosylation of Glycoproteins in the Diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2019; 10:610. [PMID: 31164895 PMCID: PMC6536626 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.00610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Accepted: 04/25/2019] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Although Phaeodactylum tricornutum is gaining importance in plant molecular farming for the production of high-value molecules such as monoclonal antibodies, little is currently known about key cell metabolism occurring in this diatom such as protein glycosylation. For example, incorporation of fucose residues in the glycans N-linked to protein in P. tricornutum is questionable. Indeed, such epitope has previously been found on N-glycans of endogenous glycoproteins in P. tricornutum. Meanwhile, the potential immunogenicity of the α(1,3)-fucose epitope present on plant-derived biopharmaceuticals is still a matter of debate. In this paper, we have studied molecular actors potentially involved in the fucosylation of the glycoproteins in P. tricornutum. Based on sequence similarities, we have identified a putative P. tricornutum GDP-L-fucose transporter and three fucosyltransferase (FuT) candidates. The putative P. tricornutum GDP-L-fucose transporter coding sequence was expressed in the Chinese Hamster Ovary (CHO)-gmt5 mutant lacking its endogenous GDP-L-fucose transporter activity. We show that the P. tricornutum transporter is able to rescue the fucosylation of proteins in this CHO-gmt5 mutant cell line, thus demonstrating the functional activity of the diatom transporter and its appropriate Golgi localization. In addition, we overexpressed one of the three FuT candidates, namely the FuT54599, in P. tricornutum and investigated its localization within Golgi stacks of the diatom. Our findings show that overexpression of the FuT54599 leads to a significant increase of the α(1,3)-fucosylation of the diatom endogenous glycoproteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peiqing Zhang
- Bioprocessing Technology Institute, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (ASTAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Carole Burel
- Laboratoire Glyco-MEV EA4358, UNIROUEN, Normandy University, Rouen, France
- Fédération de Recherche Normandie-Végétal – FED 4277, Rouen, France
| | - Carole Plasson
- Laboratoire Glyco-MEV EA4358, UNIROUEN, Normandy University, Rouen, France
- Fédération de Recherche Normandie-Végétal – FED 4277, Rouen, France
| | - Marie-Christine Kiefer-Meyer
- Laboratoire Glyco-MEV EA4358, UNIROUEN, Normandy University, Rouen, France
- Fédération de Recherche Normandie-Végétal – FED 4277, Rouen, France
| | - Clément Ovide
- Laboratoire Glyco-MEV EA4358, UNIROUEN, Normandy University, Rouen, France
- Fédération de Recherche Normandie-Végétal – FED 4277, Rouen, France
| | - Bruno Gügi
- Laboratoire Glyco-MEV EA4358, UNIROUEN, Normandy University, Rouen, France
- Fédération de Recherche Normandie-Végétal – FED 4277, Rouen, France
| | - Corrine Wan
- Bioprocessing Technology Institute, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (ASTAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Gavin Teo
- Bioprocessing Technology Institute, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (ASTAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Amelia Mak
- Bioprocessing Technology Institute, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (ASTAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Zhiwei Song
- Bioprocessing Technology Institute, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (ASTAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Azeddine Driouich
- Laboratoire Glyco-MEV EA4358, UNIROUEN, Normandy University, Rouen, France
- Fédération de Recherche Normandie-Végétal – FED 4277, Rouen, France
| | - Patrice Lerouge
- Laboratoire Glyco-MEV EA4358, UNIROUEN, Normandy University, Rouen, France
- Fédération de Recherche Normandie-Végétal – FED 4277, Rouen, France
| | - Muriel Bardor
- Laboratoire Glyco-MEV EA4358, UNIROUEN, Normandy University, Rouen, France
- Fédération de Recherche Normandie-Végétal – FED 4277, Rouen, France
- Institut Universitaire de France (I.U.F.), Paris, France
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