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Dobrea A, Hall N, Milne S, Corrigan DK, Jimenez M. A plug-and-play, easy-to-manufacture fluidic accessory to significantly enhance the sensitivity of electrochemical immunoassays. Sci Rep 2024; 14:14154. [PMID: 38898088 PMCID: PMC11187161 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-64852-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Earlier access to patients' biomarker status could transform disease management. However, gold-standard techniques such as enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) are typically not deployed at the point-of-care due to their cumbersome instrumentation and complexity. Electrochemical immunosensors can be disruptive in this sector with their small size and lower cost but, without further modifications, the performance of these sensors in complex media (e.g., blood) has been limited. This paper presents a low-cost fluidic accessory fabricated using widely accessible materials and processes for boosting sensor sensitivity through confinement of the detection media next to the electrode surface. Liquid confinement first highlighted a spontaneous reaction between the pseudoreference electrode and ELISA detection substrate 3,3',5,5'-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) that decreases the amount of oxTMB available for detection. Different strategies are investigated to limit this and maximize reliability. Next, flow cell integration during the signal amplification step of sensor preparation was shown to substantially enhance the detection of cytokine interleukin-6 (IL-6) with the best sensitivity boost recorded for fresh human plasma (x7 increase compared to x5.8 in purified serum and x5.5 in PBS). The flow cell requires no specialized equipment and can be seamlessly integrated with commercial sensors, making an ideal companion for electrochemical signal enhancement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Dobrea
- Biomedical Engineering Department, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, G4 0NW, UK.
- James Watt School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK.
| | - Nicole Hall
- Biomedical Engineering Department, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, G4 0NW, UK
| | - Stuart Milne
- Biomedical Engineering Department, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, G4 0NW, UK
- Pure and Applied Chemistry Department, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, G4 0NW, UK
| | - Damion K Corrigan
- Pure and Applied Chemistry Department, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, G4 0NW, UK
| | - Melanie Jimenez
- Biomedical Engineering Department, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, G4 0NW, UK
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2
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Yuqing F, Zhang S, Peng R, Silva J, Ernst O, Lapizco-Encinas BH, Liu R, Du K. Durable Antimicrobial Microstructure Surface (DAMS) Enabled by 3D-Printing and ZnO Nanoflowers. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.06.11.598554. [PMID: 38915492 PMCID: PMC11195153 DOI: 10.1101/2024.06.11.598554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/26/2024]
Abstract
A. Numerous studies have been trying to create nanomaterials based antimicrobial surfaces to combat the growing bacterial infection problems. Mechanical durability has become one of the major challenges to applying those surfaces in real life. In this study, we demonstrate the Durable Antimicrobial Microstructures Surface (DAMS) consisting of DLP 3D printed microstructures and zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoflowers. The microstructures serve as a protection armor for the nanoflowers during abrasion. The antimicrobial ability was tested by immersing in 2E8 CFU/mL Escherichia coli ( E. coli ) suspension and then evaluated using electron microscopy. Compared to the bare control, our results show that the DAMS reduces bacterial coverage by more than 90% after 12 hrs of incubation and approximately 50% after 48 hrs of incubation before abrasion. Importantly, bacterial coverage is reduced by approximately 50% after 2 min of abrasion with a tribometer, and DAMS remains effective even after 6 min of abrasion. These findings highlight the potential of DAMS as an affordable, scalable, and durable antimicrobial surface for various biomedical applications.
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3
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Abeywardena SBY, Yue Z, Wallace GG, Innis PC. Novel 3D textile structures and geometries for electrofluidics. Electrophoresis 2024. [PMID: 38837441 DOI: 10.1002/elps.202400020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Revised: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
The integration of microfluidics with electric field control, commonly referred to as electrofluidics, has led to new opportunities for biomedical analysis. The requirement for closed microcapillary channels in microfluidics, typically formed via complex microlithographic fabrication approaches, limits the direct accessibility to the separation processes during conventional electrofluidic devices. Textile structures provide an alternative and low-cost approach to overcome these limitations via providing open and surface-accessible capillary channels. Herein, we investigate the potential of different 3D textile structures for electrofluidics. In this study, 12 polyester yarns were braided around nylon monofilament cores of different diameters to produce functional 3D core-shell textile structures. Capillary electrophoresis performances of these 3D core-shell textile structures both before and after removing the nylon core were evaluated in terms of mobility and bandwidth of a fluorescence marker compound. It was shown that the fibre arrangement and density govern the inherent capillary formation within these textile structures which also impacts upon the solute analyte mobility and separation bandwidth during electrophoretic studies. Core-shell textile structures with a 0.47 mm nylon core exhibited the highest fluorescein mobility and presented a narrower separation bandwidth. This optimal textile structure was readily converted to different geometries via a simple heat-setting of the central nylon core. This approach can be used to fabricate an array of miniaturized devices that possess many of the basic functionalities required in electrofluidics while maintaining open surface access that is otherwise impractical in classical approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sujani B Y Abeywardena
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science (ACES), Intelligent Polymer Research Institute (IPRI), Australian Institute for Innovative Materials (AIIM), Innovation Campus, University of Wollongong, North Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Zhilian Yue
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science (ACES), Intelligent Polymer Research Institute (IPRI), Australian Institute for Innovative Materials (AIIM), Innovation Campus, University of Wollongong, North Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Gordon G Wallace
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science (ACES), Intelligent Polymer Research Institute (IPRI), Australian Institute for Innovative Materials (AIIM), Innovation Campus, University of Wollongong, North Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Peter C Innis
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science (ACES), Intelligent Polymer Research Institute (IPRI), Australian Institute for Innovative Materials (AIIM), Innovation Campus, University of Wollongong, North Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia
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4
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Kasputis T, Hosmer KE, He Y, Chen J. Ensuring food safety: Microfluidic-based approaches for the detection of food contaminants. ANALYTICAL SCIENCE ADVANCES 2024; 5:e2400003. [PMID: 38948318 PMCID: PMC11210746 DOI: 10.1002/ansa.202400003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Revised: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
Detecting foodborne contamination is a critical challenge in ensuring food safety and preventing human suffering and economic losses. Contaminated food, comprising biological agents (e.g. bacteria, viruses and fungi) and chemicals (e.g. toxins, allergens, antibiotics and heavy metals), poses significant risks to public health. Microfluidic technology has emerged as a transformative solution, revolutionizing the detection of contaminants with precise and efficient methodologies. By manipulating minute volumes of fluid on miniaturized systems, microfluidics enables the creation of portable chips for biosensing applications. Advancements from early glass and silicon devices to modern polymers and cellulose-based chips have significantly enhanced microfluidic technology, offering adaptability, flexibility, cost-effectiveness and biocompatibility. Microfluidic systems integrate seamlessly with various biosensing reactions, facilitating nucleic acid amplification, target analyte recognition and accurate signal readouts. As research progresses, microfluidic technology is poised to play a pivotal role in addressing evolving challenges in the detection of foodborne contaminants. In this short review, we delve into various manufacturing materials for state-of-the-art microfluidic devices, including inorganics, elastomers, thermoplastics and paper. Additionally, we examine several applications where microfluidic technology offers unique advantages in the detection of food contaminants, including bacteria, viruses, fungi, allergens and more. This review underscores the significant advancement of microfluidic technology and its pivotal role in advancing the detection and mitigation of foodborne contaminants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tom Kasputis
- Department of Biological Systems EngineeringVirginia TechBlacksburgVirginiaUSA
| | | | - Yawen He
- Department of Biological Systems EngineeringVirginia TechBlacksburgVirginiaUSA
| | - Juhong Chen
- Department of Biological Systems EngineeringVirginia TechBlacksburgVirginiaUSA
- Department of BioengineeringUniversity of CaliforniaRiversideCaliforniaUSA
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5
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Wang H, Li X, Shi P, You X, Zhao G. Establishment and evaluation of on-chip intestinal barrier biosystems based on microfluidic techniques. Mater Today Bio 2024; 26:101079. [PMID: 38774450 PMCID: PMC11107260 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2024.101079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2024] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/24/2024] Open
Abstract
As a booming engineering technology, the microfluidic chip has been widely applied for replicating the complexity of human intestinal micro-physiological ecosystems in vitro. Biosensors, 3D imaging, and multi-omics have been applied to engineer more sophisticated intestinal barrier-on-chip platforms, allowing the improved monitoring of physiological processes and enhancing chip performance. In this review, we report cutting-edge advances in the microfluidic techniques applied for the establishment and evaluation of intestinal barrier platforms. We discuss different design principles and microfabrication strategies for the establishment of microfluidic gut barrier models in vitro. Further, we comprehensively cover the complex cell types (e.g., epithelium, intestinal organoids, endothelium, microbes, and immune cells) and controllable extracellular microenvironment parameters (e.g., oxygen gradient, peristalsis, bioflow, and gut-organ axis) used to recapitulate the main structural and functional complexity of gut barriers. We also present the current multidisciplinary technologies and indicators used for evaluating the morphological structure and barrier integrity of established gut barrier models in vitro. Finally, we highlight the challenges and future perspectives for accelerating the broader applications of these platforms in disease simulation, drug development, and personalized medicine. Hence, this review provides a comprehensive guide for the development and evaluation of microfluidic-based gut barrier platforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Wang
- Master Lab for Innovative Application of Nature Products, National Center of Technology Innovation for Synthetic Biology, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Tianjin, 300308, China
| | - Xiangyang Li
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Food Microbiology, College of Food and Bioengineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, 471023, China
- Haihe Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Tianjin, 300308, China
| | - Pengcheng Shi
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Food Microbiology, College of Food and Bioengineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, 471023, China
| | - Xiaoyan You
- Master Lab for Innovative Application of Nature Products, National Center of Technology Innovation for Synthetic Biology, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Tianjin, 300308, China
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Food Microbiology, College of Food and Bioengineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, 471023, China
| | - Guoping Zhao
- Master Lab for Innovative Application of Nature Products, National Center of Technology Innovation for Synthetic Biology, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Tianjin, 300308, China
- CAS-Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
- CAS-Key Laboratory of Quantitative Engineering Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, China
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6
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Rosales Pérez A, Esquivel Escalante K. The Evolution of Sonochemistry: From the Beginnings to Novel Applications. Chempluschem 2024; 89:e202300660. [PMID: 38369655 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.202300660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
Sonochemistry is the use of ultrasonic waves in an aqueous medium, to generate acoustic cavitation. In this context, sonochemistry emerged as a focal point over the past few decades, starting as a manageable process such as a cleaning technique. Now, it is found in a wide range of applications across various chemical, physical, and biological processes, creating opportunities for analysis between these processes. Sonochemistry is a powerful and eco-friendly technique often called "green chemistry" for less energy use, toxic reagents, and residues generation. It is increasing the number of applications achieved through the ultrasonic irradiation (USI) method. Sonochemistry has been established as a sustainable and cost-effective alternative compared to traditional industrial methods. It promotes scientific and social well-being, offering non-destructive advantages, including rapid processes, improved process efficiency, enhanced product quality, and, in some cases, the retention of key product characteristics. This versatile technology has significantly contributed to the food industry, materials technology, environmental remediation, and biological research. This review is created with enthusiasm and focus on shedding light on the manifold applications of sonochemistry. It delves into this technique's evolution and current applications in cleaning, environmental remediation, microfluidic, biological, and medical fields. The purpose is to show the physicochemical effects and characteristics of acoustic cavitation in different processes across various fields and to demonstrate the extending application reach of sonochemistry. Also to provide insights into the prospects of this versatile technique and demonstrating that sonochemistry is an adapting system able to generate more efficient products or processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alicia Rosales Pérez
- Centro de Investigación en Química para la Economía Circular, CIQEC, Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro Centro Universitario, Santiago de Querétaro, 76010, Mexico
| | - Karen Esquivel Escalante
- Graduate and Research Division, Engineering Faculty, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Cerro de las Campanas, Santiago de Querétaro, 76010, Mexico
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7
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Chen JH, Huang CH, Lee TY, Chen FC, Kao TS, Kuo HC. Advancing LED technology: the FDCSP element's breakthrough in mini and micro-LED packaging and backlight module enhancement. DISCOVER NANO 2024; 19:94. [PMID: 38806816 PMCID: PMC11133291 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-024-04033-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
In this research, we introduce an advanced methodology for the calculation of bulk light sources tailored for free-form surface design, focusing on the principle of energy conservation. This method is especially relevant for the evolving needs of micro-LED packaging, highlighting its potential in this burgeoning field. Our work includes the development of an algorithm for creating freeform-designed chip-scale package (FDCSP) components. These components seamlessly integrate LEDs and lenses, underscoring our commitment to advancing free-form surface design in chip-level packaging. By adhering to the principle of energy conservation, our approach facilitates a meticulous comparison of simulation outcomes with predefined target functions. This enables the iterative correction of discrepancies, employing layering techniques to refine the design until the simulated results closely align with our goals, as demonstrated by an appropriate difference curve. The practical application of these simulations leads to the innovative design of FDCSP devices. Notably, these devices are not just suitable for traditional applications in backlight modules but are explicitly optimized for the emerging sector of micro-LED packaging. Our successful demonstration of these FDCSP devices within backlight modules represents a significant achievement. It underscores the effectiveness of our design strategy and its expansive potential to transform micro-LED packaging solutions. This research not only contributes to the theoretical understanding of energy conservation in lighting design but also paves the way for groundbreaking applications in micro-LED and backlight module technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jo-Hsiang Chen
- Department of Photonics, College of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 30010, Taiwan
| | - Che-Hsuan Huang
- Department of Photonics, College of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 30010, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Yi Lee
- Department of Photonics, College of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 30010, Taiwan
- Semiconductor Research Center, Hon Hai Research Institute, Taipei, 11492, Taiwan
| | - Fang-Chung Chen
- Department of Photonics, College of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 30010, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Sheng Kao
- Department of Photonics, College of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 30010, Taiwan.
| | - Hao-Chung Kuo
- Department of Photonics, College of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 30010, Taiwan.
- Semiconductor Research Center, Hon Hai Research Institute, Taipei, 11492, Taiwan.
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8
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Mistretta M, Cimino M, Campagne P, Volant S, Kornobis E, Hebert O, Rochais C, Dallemagne P, Lecoutey C, Tisnerat C, Lepailleur A, Ayotte Y, LaPlante SR, Gangneux N, Záhorszká M, Korduláková J, Vichier-Guerre S, Bonhomme F, Pokorny L, Albert M, Tinevez JY, Manina G. Dynamic microfluidic single-cell screening identifies pheno-tuning compounds to potentiate tuberculosis therapy. Nat Commun 2024; 15:4175. [PMID: 38755132 PMCID: PMC11099131 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-48269-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Drug-recalcitrant infections are a leading global-health concern. Bacterial cells benefit from phenotypic variation, which can suggest effective antimicrobial strategies. However, probing phenotypic variation entails spatiotemporal analysis of individual cells that is technically challenging, and hard to integrate into drug discovery. In this work, we develop a multi-condition microfluidic platform suitable for imaging two-dimensional growth of bacterial cells during transitions between separate environmental conditions. With this platform, we implement a dynamic single-cell screening for pheno-tuning compounds, which induce a phenotypic change and decrease cell-to-cell variation, aiming to undermine the entire bacterial population and make it more vulnerable to other drugs. We apply this strategy to mycobacteria, as tuberculosis poses a major public-health threat. Our lead compound impairs Mycobacterium tuberculosis via a peculiar mode of action and enhances other anti-tubercular drugs. This work proves that harnessing phenotypic variation represents a successful approach to tackle pathogens that are increasingly difficult to treat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxime Mistretta
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Microbial Individuality and Infection Laboratory, 75015, Paris, France
| | - Mena Cimino
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Microbial Individuality and Infection Laboratory, 75015, Paris, France
| | - Pascal Campagne
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Bioinformatics and Biostatistics Hub, 75015, Paris, France
| | - Stevenn Volant
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Bioinformatics and Biostatistics Hub, 75015, Paris, France
| | - Etienne Kornobis
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Bioinformatics and Biostatistics Hub, 75015, Paris, France
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Biomics Platform, 75015, Paris, France
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Yann Ayotte
- Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique-Armand-Frappier Santé Biotechnologie Research Centre, Laval, Quebec, H7V 1B7, Canada
| | - Steven R LaPlante
- Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique-Armand-Frappier Santé Biotechnologie Research Centre, Laval, Quebec, H7V 1B7, Canada
| | - Nicolas Gangneux
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Microbial Individuality and Infection Laboratory, 75015, Paris, France
| | - Monika Záhorszká
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, 842 15, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Jana Korduláková
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, 842 15, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Sophie Vichier-Guerre
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, CNRS UMR3523, Epigenetic Chemical Biology Unit, 75015, Paris, France
| | - Frédéric Bonhomme
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, CNRS UMR3523, Epigenetic Chemical Biology Unit, 75015, Paris, France
| | - Laura Pokorny
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Microbial Individuality and Infection Laboratory, 75015, Paris, France
| | - Marvin Albert
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Image Analysis Hub, 75015, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Yves Tinevez
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Image Analysis Hub, 75015, Paris, France
| | - Giulia Manina
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Microbial Individuality and Infection Laboratory, 75015, Paris, France.
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Smith S, Sypabekova M, Kim S. Double-Sided Tape in Microfluidics: A Cost-Effective Method in Device Fabrication. BIOSENSORS 2024; 14:249. [PMID: 38785723 PMCID: PMC11118809 DOI: 10.3390/bios14050249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2024] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
The demand for easy-to-use, affordable, accessible, and reliable technology is increasing in biological, chemical, and medical research. Microfluidic devices have the potential to meet these standards by offering cost-effective, highly sensitive, and highly specific diagnostic tests with rapid performance and minimal sample volumes. Traditional microfluidic device fabrication methods, such as photolithography and soft lithography, are time-consuming and require specialized equipment and expertise, making them costly and less accessible to researchers and clinicians and limiting the applicability and potential of microfluidic devices. To address this, researchers have turned to using new low-cost materials, such as double-sided tape for microfluidic device fabrication, which offers simple and low-cost processes. The innovation of low-cost and easy-to-make microfluidic devices improves the potential for more devices to be transitioned from laboratories to commercialized products found in stores, offices, and homes. This review serves as a comprehensive summary of the growing interest in and use of double-sided tape-based microfluidic devices in the last 20 years. It discusses the advantages of using double-sided tape, the fabrication techniques used to create and bond microfluidic devices, and the limitations of this approach in certain applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Seunghyun Kim
- Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, Baylor University, Waco, TX 76798, USA; (S.S.); (M.S.)
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Yang A, McKenzie BE, Pavlat B, Johnson ES, Khair AS, Garoff S, Tilton RD. Diffusiophoretic Transport of Charged Colloids in Ionic Surfactant Gradients Entirely below versus Entirely above the Critical Micelle Concentration. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2024; 40:10143-10156. [PMID: 38690604 PMCID: PMC11100018 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.4c00431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
When placed in an ionic surfactant gradient, charged colloids will undergo diffusiophoresis at a velocity, uDP = MDP∇ ln S, where MDP is the diffusiophoretic mobility and S is the surfactant concentration. The diffusiophoretic mobility depends in part on the charges and diffusivities of the surfactants and their counterions. Since micellization decreases surfactant diffusivity and alters charge distributions in a surfactant solution, MDP of charged colloids in ionic surfactant gradients may differ significantly when surfactant concentrations are above or below the critical micelle concentration (CMC). The role of micelles in driving diffusiophoresis is unclear, and a previously published model that accounts for micellization suggests the possibility of a change in the sign of MDP above the CMC [Warren, P. B.; . Soft Matter 2019, 15, 278-288]. In the current study, microfluidic channels were used to measure the transport of negatively charged polystyrene colloids in sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) surfactant gradients established at SDS concentrations that are either fully above or fully below the CMC. Interpretation of diffusiophoresis was aided by measurements of the colloid electrophoretic mobility as a function of SDS concentration. A numerical transport model incorporating the prior diffusiophoretic mobility model for ionic surfactant gradients was implemented to elucidate signatures of positive and negative diffusiophoretic mobilities and compare with experiments. The theoretically predicted sign of the diffusiophoretic mobility below the CMC was determined to be particularly sensitive to uncertainty in colloid and surfactant properties, while above the CMC, the mobility was consistently predicted to be positive in the SDS concentration range considered in the experiments conducted here. In contrast, experiments only showed signatures of a negative diffusiophoretic mobility for these negatively charged colloids with no change of sign. Colloid diffusiophoretic transport measured in micellar solutions was more extensive than that below the CMC with the same ∇ ln S.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Yang
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon
University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Brian E. McKenzie
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon
University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Benjamin Pavlat
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon
University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Eric S. Johnson
- The
Procter & Gamble Company, Cincinnati, Ohio 45241, United States
| | - Aditya S. Khair
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon
University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Stephen Garoff
- Department
of Physics, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Robert D. Tilton
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon
University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon
University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
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11
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Bouloorchi Tabalvandani M, Saeidpour Z, Habibi Z, Javadizadeh S, Firoozabadi SA, Badieirostami M. Microfluidics as an emerging paradigm for assisted reproductive technology: A sperm separation perspective. Biomed Microdevices 2024; 26:23. [PMID: 38652182 DOI: 10.1007/s10544-024-00705-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Millions of people are subject to infertility worldwide and one in every six people, regardless of gender, experiences infertility at some period in their life, according to the World Health Organization. Assisted reproductive technologies are defined as a set of procedures that can address the infertility issue among couples, culminating in the alleviation of the condition. However, the costly conventional procedures of assisted reproduction and the inherent vagaries of the processes involved represent a setback for its successful implementation. Microfluidics, an emerging tool for processing low-volume samples, have recently started to play a role in infertility diagnosis and treatment. Given its host of benefits, including manipulating cells at the microscale, repeatability, automation, and superior biocompatibility, microfluidics have been adopted for various procedures in assisted reproduction, ranging from sperm sorting and analysis to more advanced processes such as IVF-on-a-chip. In this review, we try to adopt a more holistic approach and cover different uses of microfluidics for a variety of applications, specifically aimed at sperm separation and analysis. We present various sperm separation microfluidic techniques, categorized as natural and non-natural methods. A few of the recent developments in on-chip fertilization are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Zahra Saeidpour
- MEMS Lab, School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, 1439957131, Iran
| | - Zahra Habibi
- MEMS Lab, School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, 1439957131, Iran
| | - Saeed Javadizadeh
- MEMS Lab, School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, 1439957131, Iran
| | - Seyed Ahmadreza Firoozabadi
- MEMS Lab, School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, 1439957131, Iran
| | - Majid Badieirostami
- MEMS Lab, School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, 1439957131, Iran.
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12
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Cazin I, Ocepek M, Kecelj J, Stražar AS, Schlögl S. Synthesis of Bio-Based Polyester Resins for Vat Photopolymerization 3D Printing. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 17:1890. [PMID: 38673246 PMCID: PMC11051430 DOI: 10.3390/ma17081890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Driven by environmental considerations, the scientific community has directed great effort towards the synthesis of new materials derived from renewable resources. However, for photocurable resins, most commercially available building blocks still rely on petroleum-based precursors. Herein, we present a simple synthesis route for bio-based acrylate-modified polyester resins, whose viscosity is sufficiently low for processing them with vat photopolymerization 3D printing. The established synthesis route enables the gradual substitution of fossil-based raw materials with bio-based alternatives. The acid number, color and viscosity of the bio-based acrylic resins are characterized and photocurable formulations are prepared by adding a radical photoinitiator. The photopolymerization kinetics, and thermomechanical and mechanical properties of the photopolymers are investigated as a function of the resin structure and benchmarked against a commercially available petroleum-based counterpart. Finally, the processability of the new bio-based resins via digital light processing 3D printing is demonstrated and test specimens are successfully 3D printed with a resolution in the millimeter range.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ines Cazin
- Polymer Competence Center Leoben GmbH, Sauraugasse 1, A-8700 Leoben, Austria;
| | - Martin Ocepek
- Helios Resins, Količevo 65, 1230 Domžale, Slovenia; (M.O.); (J.K.); (A.S.S.)
| | - Janez Kecelj
- Helios Resins, Količevo 65, 1230 Domžale, Slovenia; (M.O.); (J.K.); (A.S.S.)
| | | | - Sandra Schlögl
- Polymer Competence Center Leoben GmbH, Sauraugasse 1, A-8700 Leoben, Austria;
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13
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Xie Y, Zhang H, Hu H, He Z. Large-Scale Production and Integrated Application of Micro-Supercapacitors. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202304160. [PMID: 38206572 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202304160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
Micro-supercapacitors, emerging as promising micro-energy storage devices, have attracted significant attention due to their unique features. This comprehensive review focuses on two key aspects: the scalable fabrication of MSCs and their diverse applications. The review begins by elucidating the energy storage mechanisms and guiding principles for designing high-performance devices. It subsequently explores recent advancements in scalable fabrication techniques for electrode materials and micro-nano fabrication technologies for micro-devices. The discussion encompasses critical application domains, including multifunctional MSCs, energy storage integration, integrated power generation, and integrated applications. Despite notable progress, there are still some challenges such as large-scale production of electrode material, well-controlled fabrication technology, and scalable integrated manufacture. The summary concludes by emphasizing the need for future research to enhance micro-supercapacitor performance, reduce production costs, achieve large-scale production, and explore synergies with other energy storage technologies. This collective effort aims to propel MSCs from laboratory innovation to market viability, providing robust energy storage solutions for MEMS and portable electronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanting Xie
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Institute of Smart City and Intelligent Transportation, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031, China
| | - Haitao Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Institute of Smart City and Intelligent Transportation, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031, China
| | - Haitao Hu
- Institute of Smart City and Intelligent Transportation, School of Electrical Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031, China
| | - Zhengyou He
- Institute of Smart City and Intelligent Transportation, School of Electrical Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031, China
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14
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Ma L, Zhao X, Hou J, Huang L, Yao Y, Ding Z, Wei J, Hao N. Droplet Microfluidic Devices: Working Principles, Fabrication Methods, and Scale-Up Applications. SMALL METHODS 2024:e2301406. [PMID: 38594964 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202301406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Compared with the conventional emulsification method, droplets generated within microfluidic devices exhibit distinct advantages such as precise control of fluids, exceptional monodispersity, uniform morphology, flexible manipulation, and narrow size distribution. These inherent benefits, including intrinsic safety, excellent heat and mass transfer capabilities, and large surface-to-volume ratio, have led to the widespread applications of droplet-based microfluidics across diverse fields, encompassing chemical engineering, particle synthesis, biological detection, diagnostics, emulsion preparation, and pharmaceuticals. However, despite its promising potential for versatile applications, the practical utilization of this technology in commercial and industrial is extremely limited to the inherently low production rates achievable within a single microchannel. Over the past two decades, droplet-based microfluidics has evolved significantly, considerably transitioning from a proof-of-concept stage to industrialization. And now there is a growing trend towards translating academic research into commercial and industrial applications, primarily driven by the burgeoning demands of various fields. This paper comprehensively reviews recent advancements in droplet-based microfluidics, covering the fundamental working principles and the critical aspect of scale-up integration from working principles to scale-up integration. Based on the existing scale-up strategies, the paper also outlines the future research directions, identifies the potential opportunities, and addresses the typical unsolved challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Ma
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 28 Xianning West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710049, P. R. China
| | - Xiong Zhao
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 28 Xianning West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710049, P. R. China
| | - Junsheng Hou
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 28 Xianning West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710049, P. R. China
| | - Lei Huang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 28 Xianning West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710049, P. R. China
| | - Yilong Yao
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 28 Xianning West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710049, P. R. China
| | - Zihan Ding
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 28 Xianning West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710049, P. R. China
| | - Jinjia Wei
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 28 Xianning West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710049, P. R. China
| | - Nanjing Hao
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 28 Xianning West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710049, P. R. China
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15
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Selemani MA, Martin RS. Use of 3D printing to integrate microchip electrophoresis with amperometric detection. Anal Bioanal Chem 2024:10.1007/s00216-024-05260-6. [PMID: 38581532 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-024-05260-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Revised: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024]
Abstract
This paper describes the use of PolyJet 3D printing to fabricate microchip electrophoresis devices with integrated microwire electrodes for amperometric detection. The fabrication process involves 3D printing of two separate pieces, a channel layer and an electrode layer. The channel layer is created by 3D printing on a pre-fabricated mold with a T-intersection. For the electrode layer, a stencil design is printed directly on the printing tray and covered with a piece of transparent glass. Microwire electrodes are adhered over the glass piece (guided by underlaying stencil) and a CAD design of the electrode layer is then printed on top of the microwire electrode. After delamination from the glass after printing, the microwire is embedded in the printed piece, with the stencil design ensuring that alignment and positioning of the electrode is reproducible for each print. After a thermal bonding step between the channel layer and electrode layer, a complete electrophoresis device with integrated microelectrodes for amperometric detection results. It is shown that this approach enables different microwire electrodes (gold or platinum) and sizes (100 or 50 µm) to be integrated in an end-channel configuration with no gap between the electrode and the separation channel. These devices were used to separate a mixture of catecholamines and the effect of separation voltage on the potential voltage applied on the working electrode was also investigated. In addition, the effect of electrode size on the number of theoretical plates and limit of detection was studied. Finally, a device that contains different channel heights and a detection electrode was 3D-printed to integrate continuous flow sampling with microchip electrophoresis and amperometric detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Major A Selemani
- Department of Chemistry, Saint Louis University, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - R Scott Martin
- Department of Chemistry, Saint Louis University, Saint Louis, MO, USA.
- Center for Additive Manufacturing, Saint Louis University, Saint Louis, MO, USA.
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16
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Alavi SE, Alharthi S, Alavi SF, Alavi SZ, Zahra GE, Raza A, Ebrahimi Shahmabadi H. Microfluidics for personalized drug delivery. Drug Discov Today 2024; 29:103936. [PMID: 38428803 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2024.103936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
This review highlights the transformative impact of microfluidic technology on personalized drug delivery. Microfluidics addresses issues in traditional drug synthesis, providing precise control and scalability in nanoparticle fabrication, and microfluidic platforms show high potential for versatility, offering patient-specific dosing and real-time monitoring capabilities, all integrated into wearable technology. Covalent conjugation of antibodies to nanoparticles improves bioactivity, driving innovations in drug targeting. The integration of microfluidics with sensor technologies and artificial intelligence facilitates real-time feedback and autonomous adaptation in drug delivery systems. Key challenges, such as droplet polydispersity and fluidic handling, along with future directions focusing on scalability and reliability, are essential considerations in advancing microfluidics for personalized drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Ebrahim Alavi
- School of Medicine and Dentistry, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD 4215, Australia.
| | - Sitah Alharthi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Shaqra University, Al-Dawadmi Campus, Al-Dawadmi 11961, Saudi Arabia
| | - Seyedeh Fatemeh Alavi
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, and Innovation Laboratory for Sciences and Technologies of Energy Materials of Fujian Province (IKKEM), Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, PR China
| | - Seyed Zeinab Alavi
- Immunology of Infectious Diseases Research Center, Research Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan 7718175911, Iran
| | - Gull E Zahra
- Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Aun Raza
- School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, PR China
| | - Hasan Ebrahimi Shahmabadi
- Immunology of Infectious Diseases Research Center, Research Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan 7718175911, Iran.
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17
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Lei X, Ye W, Safdarin F, Baghaei S. Microfluidics devices for sports: A review on technology for biomedical application used in fields such as biomedicine, drug encapsulation, preparation of nanoparticles, cell targeting, analysis, diagnosis, and cell culture. Tissue Cell 2024; 87:102339. [PMID: 38432127 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2024.102339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Microfluidics is an interdisciplinary field that combines knowledge from various disciplines, including biology, chemistry, sports medicine, fluid dynamics, kinetic biomechanics, and microelectronics, to manipulate and control fluids and particles in micron-scale channels and chambers. These channels and chambers can be fabricated using different materials and methods to achieve various geometries and shapes. Microfluidics has numerous biomedical applications, such as drug encapsulation, nanoparticle preparation, cell targeting, analysis, diagnosis, and treatment of sports injuries in both professional and non-professional athletes. It can also be used in other fields, such as biological analysis, chemical synthesis, optics, and acceleration in the treatment of critical sports injuries. The objective of this review is to provide a comprehensive overview of microfluidic technology, including its fabrication methods, current platform materials, and its applications in sports medicine. Biocompatible, biodegradable, and semi-crystalline polymers with unique mechanical and thermal properties are one of the promising materials in microfluidic technology. Despite the numerous advantages of microfluidic technology, further research and development are necessary. Although the technology offers benefits such as ease of operation and cost efficiency, it is still in its early stages. In conclusion, this review emphasizes the potential of microfluidic technology and highlights the need for continued research to fully exploit its potential in the biomedical field and sport applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuehui Lei
- Graduate School of Wuhan Institute of Physical Education, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Weiwu Ye
- National Traditional Sports College of Harbin Sports University, Harbin 150008, China.
| | - F Safdarin
- Mechanical Engineering Department, lslamic Azad University, Esfahan, Iran
| | - Sh Baghaei
- Mechanical Engineering Department, lslamic Azad University, Esfahan, Iran
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18
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Apoorva S, Nguyen NT, Sreejith KR. Recent developments and future perspectives of microfluidics and smart technologies in wearable devices. LAB ON A CHIP 2024; 24:1833-1866. [PMID: 38476112 DOI: 10.1039/d4lc00089g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
Wearable devices are gaining popularity in the fields of health monitoring, diagnosis, and drug delivery. Recent advances in wearable technology have enabled real-time analysis of biofluids such as sweat, interstitial fluid, tears, saliva, wound fluid, and urine. The integration of microfluidics and emerging smart technologies, such as artificial intelligence (AI), machine learning (ML), and Internet of Things (IoT), into wearable devices offers great potential for accurate and non-invasive monitoring and diagnosis. This paper provides an overview of current trends and developments in microfluidics and smart technologies in wearable devices for analyzing body fluids. The paper discusses common microfluidic technologies in wearable devices and the challenges associated with analyzing each type of biofluid. The paper emphasizes the importance of combining smart technologies with microfluidics in wearable devices, and how they can aid diagnosis and therapy. Finally, the paper covers recent applications, trends, and future developments in the context of intelligent microfluidic wearable devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sasikala Apoorva
- UKF Centre for Advanced Research and Skill Development(UCARS), UKF College of Engineering and Technology, Kollam, Kerala, India, 691 302
| | - Nam-Trung Nguyen
- Queensland Micro and Nanotechnology Centre, Griffith University, 170 Kessels Road, Nathan, 4111, Queensland, Australia.
| | - Kamalalayam Rajan Sreejith
- Queensland Micro and Nanotechnology Centre, Griffith University, 170 Kessels Road, Nathan, 4111, Queensland, Australia.
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19
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Kumar AS, Venkatesalu S, Dilliyappan S, Pasupulla AP, Prathap L, Palaniyandi T, Baskar G, Ravi M, Sugumaran A. Microfluidics as diagnostic tools. Clin Chim Acta 2024; 556:117841. [PMID: 38395126 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2024.117841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2024] [Revised: 02/17/2024] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
The challenges in the management of human diseases are largely determined by the precision, speed and ease of diagnostic procedures available. Developments in biomedical engineering technologies have greatly helped in transforming human health care, especially for disease diagnosis which in turn lead to better patient outcomes. One such development is in the form of microfluidic chip technology which has transformed various aspects of human health care. We present in this review, a comprehensive account on the utility of microfluidic chip technologies for the diagnosis of autoimmune disorders, cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), infectious diseases, and neurodegenerative conditions. We have included the diseases posing global threat such as rheumatoid arthritis, diabetes, pernicious anemia, tuberculosis, COVID-19, influenza, alzheimer's, multiple sclerosis, and epilepsy. Apart from discussing the ways of microfluidic chip in diagnosis, we included a section presenting electrochemical, electrical, optical, and acoustic detection technologies for the precise diagnosis of CVDs. Microfluidics platforms have thus revolutionized novel capabilities in addressing the requirements of point-of-care diagnostics enabling miniaturization by integrating multiple laboratory functions into a single chip resulting in "one flow - one solution" systems. Hence, the precision and early diagnoses of diseases are now possible due to the advancements of microfluidics-based technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avanthika Satish Kumar
- Department of Biotechnology, Dr. M.G.R. Educational and Research Institute, Chennai, India
| | - Sneha Venkatesalu
- Department of Biotechnology, Dr. M.G.R. Educational and Research Institute, Chennai, India
| | | | - Ajay Prakash Pasupulla
- Oral and Maxillofacial Pathologist, School of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, Nigist Eleni Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Wachemo University, Hossana, Ethiopia, East Africa
| | - Lavanya Prathap
- Department of Anatomy, Biomedical Research Unit and Laboratory Animal Centre, Saveetha Dental College and Hospital, SIMATS, Saveetha University, Chennai, India
| | - Thirunavukkarasu Palaniyandi
- Department of Biotechnology, Dr. M.G.R. Educational and Research Institute, Chennai, India; Department of Anatomy, Biomedical Research Unit and Laboratory Animal Centre, Saveetha Dental College and Hospital, SIMATS, Saveetha University, Chennai, India.
| | - Gomathy Baskar
- Department of Biotechnology, Dr. M.G.R. Educational and Research Institute, Chennai, India
| | - Maddaly Ravi
- Department of Human Genetics, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, India
| | - Abimanyu Sugumaran
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Assam University, Silchar, Assam, India
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20
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Liu J, Du Y, Xiao X, Tan D, He Y, Qin L. Construction of in vitro liver-on-a-chip models and application progress. Biomed Eng Online 2024; 23:33. [PMID: 38491482 PMCID: PMC10941602 DOI: 10.1186/s12938-024-01226-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024] Open
Abstract
The liver is the largest internal organ of the human body. It has a complex structure and function and plays a vital role in drug metabolism. In recent decades, extensive research has aimed to develop in vitro models that can simulate liver function to demonstrate changes in the physiological and pathological environment of the liver. Animal models and in vitro cell models are common, but the data obtained from animal models lack relevance when applied to humans, while cell models have limited predictive ability for metabolism and toxicity in humans. Recent advancements in tissue engineering, biomaterials, chip technology, and 3D bioprinting have provided opportunities for further research in in vitro models. Among them, liver-on-a-Chip (LOC) technology has made significant achievements in reproducing the in vivo behavior, physiological microenvironment, and metabolism of cells and organs. In this review, we discuss the development of LOC and its research progress in liver diseases, hepatotoxicity tests, and drug screening, as well as chip combinations. First, we review the structure and the physiological function of the liver. Then, we introduce the LOC technology, including general concepts, preparation materials, and methods. Finally, we review the application of LOC in disease modeling, hepatotoxicity tests, drug screening, and chip combinations, as well as the future challenges and directions of LOC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Liu
- Guizhou Engineering Research Center of Industrial Key-Technology for Dendrobium Nobile, School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, China
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, China
| | - Yimei Du
- Guizhou Engineering Research Center of Industrial Key-Technology for Dendrobium Nobile, School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, Guizhou, China
| | - Xinxin Xiao
- Guizhou Engineering Research Center of Industrial Key-Technology for Dendrobium Nobile, School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, China
| | - Daopeng Tan
- Guizhou Engineering Research Center of Industrial Key-Technology for Dendrobium Nobile, School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, Guizhou, China
| | - Yuqi He
- Guizhou Engineering Research Center of Industrial Key-Technology for Dendrobium Nobile, School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, China.
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, Guizhou, China.
| | - Lin Qin
- Guizhou Engineering Research Center of Industrial Key-Technology for Dendrobium Nobile, School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, China.
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, Guizhou, China.
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21
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Bhatia A, Hanna J, Stuart T, Kasper KA, Clausen DM, Gutruf P. Wireless Battery-free and Fully Implantable Organ Interfaces. Chem Rev 2024; 124:2205-2280. [PMID: 38382030 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
Advances in soft materials, miniaturized electronics, sensors, stimulators, radios, and battery-free power supplies are resulting in a new generation of fully implantable organ interfaces that leverage volumetric reduction and soft mechanics by eliminating electrochemical power storage. This device class offers the ability to provide high-fidelity readouts of physiological processes, enables stimulation, and allows control over organs to realize new therapeutic and diagnostic paradigms. Driven by seamless integration with connected infrastructure, these devices enable personalized digital medicine. Key to advances are carefully designed material, electrophysical, electrochemical, and electromagnetic systems that form implantables with mechanical properties closely matched to the target organ to deliver functionality that supports high-fidelity sensors and stimulators. The elimination of electrochemical power supplies enables control over device operation, anywhere from acute, to lifetimes matching the target subject with physical dimensions that supports imperceptible operation. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the basic building blocks of battery-free organ interfaces and related topics such as implantation, delivery, sterilization, and user acceptance. State of the art examples categorized by organ system and an outlook of interconnection and advanced strategies for computation leveraging the consistent power influx to elevate functionality of this device class over current battery-powered strategies is highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aman Bhatia
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States
| | - Jessica Hanna
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States
| | - Tucker Stuart
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States
| | - Kevin Albert Kasper
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States
| | - David Marshall Clausen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States
| | - Philipp Gutruf
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States
- Bio5 Institute, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States
- Neuroscience Graduate Interdisciplinary Program (GIDP), The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States
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22
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Humayun M, Bououdina M, Usman M, Khan A, Luo W, Wang C. Designing State-of-the-Art Gas Sensors: From Fundamentals to Applications. CHEM REC 2024; 24:e202300350. [PMID: 38355899 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202300350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2023] [Revised: 12/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
Gas sensors are crucial in environmental monitoring, industrial safety, and medical diagnostics. Due to the rising demand for precise and reliable gas detection, there is a rising demand for cutting-edge gas sensors that possess exceptional sensitivity, selectivity, and stability. Due to their tunable electrical properties, high-density surface-active sites, and significant surface-to-volume ratio, nanomaterials have been extensively investigated in this regard. The traditional gas sensors utilize homogeneous material for sensing where the adsorbed surface oxygen species play a vital role in their sensing activity. However, their performance for selective gas sensing is still unsatisfactory because the employed high temperature leads to the poor stability. The heterostructures nanomaterials can easily tune sensing performance and their different energy band structures, work functions, charge carrier concentration and polarity, and interfacial band alignments can be precisely designed for high-performance selective gas sensing at low temperature. In this review article, we discuss in detail the fundamentals of semiconductor gas sensing along with their mechanisms. Further, we highlight the existed challenges in semiconductor gas sensing. In addition, we review the recent advancements in semiconductor gas sensor design for applications from different perspective. Finally, the conclusion and future perspectives for improvement of the gas sensing performance are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Humayun
- School of Integrated Circuits, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, People's Republic of China
- Energy, Water and Environment Lab, College of Humanities and Sciences, Prince Sultan University, Riyadh, 11586, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed Bououdina
- Energy, Water and Environment Lab, College of Humanities and Sciences, Prince Sultan University, Riyadh, 11586, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Usman
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Hydrogen and Energy Storage (IRC-HES), King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals (KFUPM), Dhahran, 31261, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abbas Khan
- Energy, Water and Environment Lab, College of Humanities and Sciences, Prince Sultan University, Riyadh, 11586, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Chemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, 23200, Pakistan
| | - Wei Luo
- School of Integrated Circuits, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, People's Republic of China
| | - Chundong Wang
- School of Integrated Circuits, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, People's Republic of China
- Energy, Water and Environment Lab, College of Humanities and Sciences, Prince Sultan University, Riyadh, 11586, Saudi Arabia
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23
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da Costa Sousa MG, Vignolo SM, Franca CM, Mereness J, Alves Fraga MA, Silva-Sousa AC, Benoit DSW, Bertassoni LE. Engineering models of head and neck and oral cancers on-a-chip. BIOMICROFLUIDICS 2024; 18:021502. [PMID: 38464668 PMCID: PMC10919958 DOI: 10.1063/5.0186722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
Head and neck cancers (HNCs) rank as the sixth most common cancer globally and result in over 450 000 deaths annually. Despite considerable advancements in diagnostics and treatment, the 5-year survival rate for most types of HNCs remains below 50%. Poor prognoses are often attributed to tumor heterogeneity, drug resistance, and immunosuppression. These characteristics are difficult to replicate using in vitro or in vivo models, culminating in few effective approaches for early detection and therapeutic drug development. Organs-on-a-chip offer a promising avenue for studying HNCs, serving as microphysiological models that closely recapitulate the complexities of biological tissues within highly controllable microfluidic platforms. Such systems have gained interest as advanced experimental tools to investigate human pathophysiology and assess therapeutic efficacy, providing a deeper understanding of cancer pathophysiology. This review outlines current challenges and opportunities in replicating HNCs within microphysiological systems, focusing on mimicking the soft, glandular, and hard tissues of the head and neck. We further delve into the major applications of organ-on-a-chip models for HNCs, including fundamental research, drug discovery, translational approaches, and personalized medicine. This review emphasizes the integration of organs-on-a-chip into the repertoire of biological model systems available to researchers. This integration enables the exploration of unique aspects of HNCs, thereby accelerating discoveries with the potential to improve outcomes for HNC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Jared Mereness
- Departments of Biomedical Engineering and Dermatology and Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester, 601 Elmwood Ave, Rochester, New York 14642, USA
| | | | - Alice Corrêa Silva-Sousa
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo. Av. do Café - Subsetor Oeste—11 (N-11), Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14040-904, Brazil
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24
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Jayan H, Yin L, Xue S, Zou X, Guo Z. Raman spectroscopy-based microfluidic platforms: A promising tool for detection of foodborne pathogens in food products. Food Res Int 2024; 180:114052. [PMID: 38395567 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2024.114052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
Rapid and sensitive detection of foodborne pathogens in food products is paramount for ensuring food safety and public health. In the ongoing effort to tackle this issue, detection methods are continually researched and upgraded to achieve rapidity, sensitivity, portability, and cost-effectiveness. This review addresses the critical need for improved technique by focusing on Raman spectroscopy-based microfluidic platforms, which have shown potential in revolutionizing the field of foodborne pathogen analysis offering point-of-care diagnosis and multiplex detection. The key problem lies in the persistent threat of compromised food quality and public health due to inadequate pathogen detection. The review elucidates the various trapping strategies employed in a microfluidic platform, including optical trapping, electrical trapping, mechanical trapping, and acoustic trapping for the capture of microbial cells. Subsequently, the review delves into the key aspects of the application of microbial detection in food products, highlighting recent advances and challenges in the field. The integrated technique allows point-of-care application assessment, which is an attractive quality for in-line and real-time detection of foodborne pathogens. However, the application of the technique in food products is limited and requires further research to combat the complexity of the food matrix, reduced costs of production, and ensure real-time use for diverse pathogens. Ultimately, this review aims to propel advancements in microbial detection, thus promoting enhanced food safety through state-of-the-art technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heera Jayan
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China; International Joint Research Laboratory of Intelligent Agriculture and Agri-products Processing, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Limei Yin
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Shanshan Xue
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Xiaobo Zou
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China; International Joint Research Laboratory of Intelligent Agriculture and Agri-products Processing, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Zhiming Guo
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China; China Light Industry Key Laboratory of Food Intelligent Detection & Processing, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China.
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25
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Butler D, Reyes DR. Heart-on-a-chip systems: disease modeling and drug screening applications. LAB ON A CHIP 2024; 24:1494-1528. [PMID: 38318723 DOI: 10.1039/d3lc00829k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death worldwide, casting a substantial economic footprint and burdening the global healthcare system. Historically, pre-clinical CVD modeling and therapeutic screening have been performed using animal models. Unfortunately, animal models oftentimes fail to adequately mimic human physiology, leading to a poor translation of therapeutics from pre-clinical trials to consumers. Even those that make it to market can be removed due to unforeseen side effects. As such, there exists a clinical, technological, and economical need for systems that faithfully capture human (patho)physiology for modeling CVD, assessing cardiotoxicity, and evaluating drug efficacy. Heart-on-a-chip (HoC) systems are a part of the broader organ-on-a-chip paradigm that leverages microfluidics, tissue engineering, microfabrication, electronics, and gene editing to create human-relevant models for studying disease, drug-induced side effects, and therapeutic efficacy. These compact systems can be capable of real-time measurements and on-demand characterization of tissue behavior and could revolutionize the drug development process. In this review, we highlight the key components that comprise a HoC system followed by a review of contemporary reports of their use in disease modeling, drug toxicity and efficacy assessment, and as part of multi-organ-on-a-chip platforms. We also discuss future perspectives and challenges facing the field, including a discussion on the role that standardization is expected to play in accelerating the widespread adoption of these platforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Derrick Butler
- Microsystems and Nanotechnology Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA.
| | - Darwin R Reyes
- Microsystems and Nanotechnology Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA.
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26
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Fleck E, Keck C, Ryszka K, Zhang A, Atie M, Maddox S, Potkay J. Toward 3D printed microfluidic artificial lungs for respiratory support. LAB ON A CHIP 2024; 24:955-965. [PMID: 38275173 PMCID: PMC10863644 DOI: 10.1039/d3lc00814b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
Microfluidic artificial lungs (μALs) are a new class of membrane oxygenators. Compared to traditional hollow-fiber oxygenators, μALs closely mimic the alveolar microenvironment due to their size-scale and promise improved gas exchange efficiency, hemocompatibility, biomimetic blood flow networks, and physiologically relevant blood vessel pressures and shear stresses. Clinical translation of μALs has been stalled by restrictive microfabrication techniques that limit potential artificial lung geometries, overall device size, and throughput. To address these limitations, a high-resolution Asiga MAX X27 UV digital light processing (DLP) 3D printer and custom photopolymerizable polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) resin were used to rapidly manufacture small-scale μALs via vat photopolymerization (VPP). Devices were designed in SOLIDWORKS with 500 blood channels and 252 gas channels, where gas and blood flow channels were oriented orthogonally and separated by membranes on the top and bottom, permitting two-sided gas exchange. Successful devices were post-processed to remove uncured resin from microchannels and assembled with external tubing in preparation for gas exchange performance testing with ovine whole blood. 3D printed channel dimensions were 172 μm-tall × 320 μm-wide, with 62 μm-thick membranes and 124 μm-wide support columns. Measured outlet blood oxygen saturation (SO2) agreed with theoretical models and rated flow of the device was 1 mL min-1. Blood side pressure drop was 1.58 mmHg at rated flow. This work presents the highest density of 3D printed microchannels in a single device, one of the highest CO2 transfer efficiencies of any artificial lung to date, and a promising approach to translate μALs one step closer to the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elyse Fleck
- ECLS Laboratory, Department of Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
- VA Ann Arbor Healthcare System, Ann Arbor, MI 48105, USA
| | - Charlise Keck
- ECLS Laboratory, Department of Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
- VA Ann Arbor Healthcare System, Ann Arbor, MI 48105, USA
| | - Karolina Ryszka
- ECLS Laboratory, Department of Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
- VA Ann Arbor Healthcare System, Ann Arbor, MI 48105, USA
| | - Andrew Zhang
- ECLS Laboratory, Department of Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
- VA Ann Arbor Healthcare System, Ann Arbor, MI 48105, USA
| | - Michael Atie
- ECLS Laboratory, Department of Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
- VA Ann Arbor Healthcare System, Ann Arbor, MI 48105, USA
| | - Sydney Maddox
- ECLS Laboratory, Department of Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
- VA Ann Arbor Healthcare System, Ann Arbor, MI 48105, USA
| | - Joseph Potkay
- ECLS Laboratory, Department of Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
- VA Ann Arbor Healthcare System, Ann Arbor, MI 48105, USA
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27
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Alioglu MA, Yilmaz YO, Gerhard EM, Pal V, Gupta D, Rizvi SHA, Ozbolat IT. A Versatile Photocrosslinkable Silicone Composite for 3D Printing Applications. ADVANCED MATERIALS TECHNOLOGIES 2024; 9:2301858. [PMID: 38883438 PMCID: PMC11178280 DOI: 10.1002/admt.202301858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
Embedded printing has emerged as a valuable tool for fabricating complex structures and microfluidic devices. Currently, an ample of amount of research is going on to develop new materials to advance its capabilities and increase its potential applications. Here, we demonstrate a novel, transparent, printable, photocrosslinkable, and tuneable silicone composite that can be utilized as a support bath or an extrudable ink for embedded printing. Its properties can be tuned to achieve ideal rheological properties, such as optimal self-recovery and yield stress, for use in 3D printing. When used as a support bath, it facilitated the generation microfluidic devices with circular channels of diameter up to 30 μm. To demonstrate its utility, flow focusing microfluidic devices were fabricated for generation of Janus microrods, which can be easily modified for multitude of applications. When used as an extrudable ink, 3D printing of complex-shaped constructs were achieved with integrated electronics, which greatly extends its potential applications towards soft robotics. Further, its biocompatibility was tested with multiple cell types to validate its applicability for tissue engineering. Altogether, this material offers a myriad of potential applications (i.e., soft robotics, microfluidics, bioprinting) by providing a facile approach to develop complicated 3D structures and interconnected channels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mecit Altan Alioglu
- The Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, Penn State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
- Engineering Science and Mechanics Department, Penn State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Yasar Ozer Yilmaz
- The Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, Penn State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
- Engineering Science and Mechanics Department, Penn State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
- Department of Nanoscience and Nanoengineering, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul 34469, Turkey
| | - Ethan Michael Gerhard
- The Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, Penn State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Penn State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Vaibhav Pal
- The Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, Penn State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Penn State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Deepak Gupta
- The Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, Penn State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
- Engineering Science and Mechanics Department, Penn State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Syed Hasan Askari Rizvi
- The Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, Penn State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
- Engineering Science and Mechanics Department, Penn State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Ibrahim T. Ozbolat
- The Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, Penn State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
- Engineering Science and Mechanics Department, Penn State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Penn State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
- Materials Research Institute, Penn State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey 17033, PA, USA
- Penn State Cancer Institute, Penn State University, Hershey 17033, PA, USA
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cukurova University, Adana 01130, Turkey
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28
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Chandrasekharan HK, Wlodarczyk KL, MacPherson WN, Maroto-Valer MM. In-situ multicore fibre-based pH mapping through obstacles in integrated microfluidic devices. Sci Rep 2024; 14:2839. [PMID: 38310119 PMCID: PMC10838297 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-53106-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2024] [Indexed: 02/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Microfluidic systems with integrated sensors are ideal platforms to study and emulate processes such as complex multiphase flow and reactive transport in porous media, numerical modeling of bulk systems in medicine, and in engineering. Existing commercial optical fibre sensing systems used in integrated microfluidic devices are based on single-core fibres, limiting the spatial resolution in parameter measurements in such application scenarios. Here, we propose a multicore fibre-based pH system for in-situ pH mapping with tens of micrometer spatial resolution in microfluidic devices. The demonstration uses custom laser-manufactured glass microfluidic devices (called further micromodels) consisting of two round ports. The micromodels comprise two lintels for the injection of various pH buffers and an outlet. The two-port system facilitates the injection of various pH solutions using independent pressure pumps. The multicore fibre imaging system provides spatial information about the pH environment from the intensity distribution of fluorescence emission from the sensor attached to the fibre end facet, making use of the cores in the fibre as independent measurement channels. As proof-of-concept, we performed pH measurements in micromodels through obstacles (glass and rock beads), showing that the particle features can be clearly distinguishable from the intensity distribution from the fibre sensor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harikumar K Chandrasekharan
- Applied Optics and Photonics Group, School of Engineering and Physical Sciences, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh, EH14 4AS, UK.
| | - Krystian L Wlodarczyk
- Applied Optics and Photonics Group, School of Engineering and Physical Sciences, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh, EH14 4AS, UK
- Research Centre for Carbon Solutions (RCCS), School of Engineering and Physical Sciences, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh, EH14 4AS, UK
| | - William N MacPherson
- Applied Optics and Photonics Group, School of Engineering and Physical Sciences, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh, EH14 4AS, UK
| | - M Mercedes Maroto-Valer
- Research Centre for Carbon Solutions (RCCS), School of Engineering and Physical Sciences, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh, EH14 4AS, UK
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29
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Jambhulkar S, Ravichandran D, Zhu Y, Thippanna V, Ramanathan A, Patil D, Fonseca N, Thummalapalli SV, Sundaravadivelan B, Sun A, Xu W, Yang S, Kannan AM, Golan Y, Lancaster J, Chen L, Joyee EB, Song K. Nanoparticle Assembly: From Self-Organization to Controlled Micropatterning for Enhanced Functionalities. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2306394. [PMID: 37775949 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202306394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 09/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/01/2023]
Abstract
Nanoparticles form long-range micropatterns via self-assembly or directed self-assembly with superior mechanical, electrical, optical, magnetic, chemical, and other functional properties for broad applications, such as structural supports, thermal exchangers, optoelectronics, microelectronics, and robotics. The precisely defined particle assembly at the nanoscale with simultaneously scalable patterning at the microscale is indispensable for enabling functionality and improving the performance of devices. This article provides a comprehensive review of nanoparticle assembly formed primarily via the balance of forces at the nanoscale (e.g., van der Waals, colloidal, capillary, convection, and chemical forces) and nanoparticle-template interactions (e.g., physical confinement, chemical functionalization, additive layer-upon-layer). The review commences with a general overview of nanoparticle self-assembly, with the state-of-the-art literature review and motivation. It subsequently reviews the recent progress in nanoparticle assembly without the presence of surface templates. Manufacturing techniques for surface template fabrication and their influence on nanoparticle assembly efficiency and effectiveness are then explored. The primary focus is the spatial organization and orientational preference of nanoparticles on non-templated and pre-templated surfaces in a controlled manner. Moreover, the article discusses broad applications of micropatterned surfaces, encompassing various fields. Finally, the review concludes with a summary of manufacturing methods, their limitations, and future trends in nanoparticle assembly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayli Jambhulkar
- Systems Engineering, School of Manufacturing Systems and Networks (MSN), Ira A. Fulton Schools of Engineering, Arizona State University (ASU), Mesa, AZ, 85212, USA
| | - Dharneedar Ravichandran
- Manufacturing Engineering, School of Manufacturing Systems and Networks (MSN), Ira A. Fulton Schools of Engineering, Arizona State University (ASU), Mesa, AZ, 85212, USA
| | - Yuxiang Zhu
- Manufacturing Engineering, School of Manufacturing Systems and Networks (MSN), Ira A. Fulton Schools of Engineering, Arizona State University (ASU), Mesa, AZ, 85212, USA
| | - Varunkumar Thippanna
- Manufacturing Engineering, School of Manufacturing Systems and Networks (MSN), Ira A. Fulton Schools of Engineering, Arizona State University (ASU), Mesa, AZ, 85212, USA
| | - Arunachalam Ramanathan
- Manufacturing Engineering, School of Manufacturing Systems and Networks (MSN), Ira A. Fulton Schools of Engineering, Arizona State University (ASU), Mesa, AZ, 85212, USA
| | - Dhanush Patil
- Manufacturing Engineering, School of Manufacturing Systems and Networks (MSN), Ira A. Fulton Schools of Engineering, Arizona State University (ASU), Mesa, AZ, 85212, USA
| | - Nathan Fonseca
- Manufacturing Engineering, School of Manufacturing Systems and Networks (MSN), Ira A. Fulton Schools of Engineering, Arizona State University (ASU), Mesa, AZ, 85212, USA
| | - Sri Vaishnavi Thummalapalli
- Manufacturing Engineering, School of Manufacturing Systems and Networks (MSN), Ira A. Fulton Schools of Engineering, Arizona State University (ASU), Mesa, AZ, 85212, USA
| | - Barath Sundaravadivelan
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, School for Engineering of Matter, Transport & Energy, Ira A. Fulton Schools of Engineering, Arizona State University (ASU), Tempe, AZ, 85281, USA
| | - Allen Sun
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11794, USA
| | - Weiheng Xu
- Systems Engineering, School of Manufacturing Systems and Networks (MSN), Ira A. Fulton Schools of Engineering, Arizona State University (ASU), Mesa, AZ, 85212, USA
| | - Sui Yang
- Materials Science and Engineering, School for Engineering of Matter, Transport and Energy (SEMTE), Arizona State University (ASU), Tempe, AZ, 85287, USA
| | - Arunachala Mada Kannan
- The Polytechnic School (TPS), Ira A. Fulton Schools of Engineering, Arizona State University (ASU), Mesa, AZ, 85212, USA
| | - Yuval Golan
- Department of Materials Engineering and the Ilse Katz Institute for Nanoscale Science and Technology, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, 8410501, Israel
| | - Jessica Lancaster
- Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic Arizona, 13400 E Shea Blvd, Scottsdale, AZ, 85259, USA
| | - Lei Chen
- Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan-Dearborn, 4901 Evergreen Rd, Dearborn, MI, 48128, USA
| | - Erina B Joyee
- Mechanical Engineering and Engineering Science, University of North Carolina, Charlotte, 9201 University City Blvd, Charlotte, NC, 28223, USA
| | - Kenan Song
- School of Environmental, Civil, Agricultural, and Mechanical Engineering (ECAM), College of Engineering, University of Georgia (UGA), Athens, GA, 30602, USA
- Adjunct Professor of School of Manufacturing Systems and Networks (MSN), Ira A. Fulton Schools of Engineering, Arizona State University (ASU), Mesa, AZ, 85212, USA
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30
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Aubrecht P, Smejkal J, Panuška P, Španbauerová K, Neubertová V, Kaule P, Matoušek J, Vinopal S, Liegertová M, Štofik M, Malý J. Performance and biocompatibility of OSTEMER 322 in cell-based microfluidic applications. RSC Adv 2024; 14:3617-3635. [PMID: 38268545 PMCID: PMC10804231 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra05789e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/14/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024] Open
Abstract
The Off-Stoichiometry Thiol-ene and Epoxy (OSTE+) polymer technology has been increasingly utilised in the field of microfluidics and lab-on-a-chip applications. However, the impact of OSTEMER polymers, specifically the OSTEMER 322 formulation, on cell viability has remained limited. In this work, we thoroughly explored the biocompatibility of this commercial OSTEMER formulation, along with various surface modifications, through a broad range of cell types, from fibroblasts to epithelial cells. We employed cell viability and confluence assays to evaluate the performance of the material and its modified variants in cell culturing. The properties of the pristine and modified OSTEMER were also investigated using surface characterization methods including contact angle, zeta potential, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Mass spectrometry analysis confirmed the absence of leaching constituents from OSTEMER, indicating its safety for cell-based applications. Our findings demonstrated that cell viability on OSTEMER surfaces is sufficient for typical cell culture experiments, suggesting OSTEMER 322 is a suitable material for a variety of cell-based assays in microfluidic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petr Aubrecht
- Centre for Nanomaterials and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Jan Evangelista Purkyně University in Ústí nad Labem Pasteurova 3632/15 400 96 Ústí nad Labem Czech Republic
| | - Jiří Smejkal
- Centre for Nanomaterials and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Jan Evangelista Purkyně University in Ústí nad Labem Pasteurova 3632/15 400 96 Ústí nad Labem Czech Republic
| | - Petr Panuška
- Centre for Nanomaterials and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Jan Evangelista Purkyně University in Ústí nad Labem Pasteurova 3632/15 400 96 Ústí nad Labem Czech Republic
| | - Klára Španbauerová
- Centre for Nanomaterials and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Jan Evangelista Purkyně University in Ústí nad Labem Pasteurova 3632/15 400 96 Ústí nad Labem Czech Republic
| | - Viktorie Neubertová
- Centre for Nanomaterials and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Jan Evangelista Purkyně University in Ústí nad Labem Pasteurova 3632/15 400 96 Ústí nad Labem Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Kaule
- Centre for Nanomaterials and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Jan Evangelista Purkyně University in Ústí nad Labem Pasteurova 3632/15 400 96 Ústí nad Labem Czech Republic
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Jan Evangelista Purkyně University in Ústí nad Labem Pasteurova 3632/15 400 96 Ústí nad Labem Czech Republic
| | - Jindřich Matoušek
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Jan Evangelista Purkyně University in Ústí nad Labem Pasteurova 3632/15 400 96 Ústí nad Labem Czech Republic
| | - Stanislav Vinopal
- Centre for Nanomaterials and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Jan Evangelista Purkyně University in Ústí nad Labem Pasteurova 3632/15 400 96 Ústí nad Labem Czech Republic
| | - Michaela Liegertová
- Centre for Nanomaterials and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Jan Evangelista Purkyně University in Ústí nad Labem Pasteurova 3632/15 400 96 Ústí nad Labem Czech Republic
| | - Marcel Štofik
- Centre for Nanomaterials and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Jan Evangelista Purkyně University in Ústí nad Labem Pasteurova 3632/15 400 96 Ústí nad Labem Czech Republic
| | - Jan Malý
- Centre for Nanomaterials and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Jan Evangelista Purkyně University in Ústí nad Labem Pasteurova 3632/15 400 96 Ústí nad Labem Czech Republic
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31
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Song B, Zhang D, Jing X, Ren Y, Chen Y, Li H. Theoretical and Experimental Investigation of Surface Textures in Vibration-Assisted Micro Milling. MICROMACHINES 2024; 15:139. [PMID: 38258258 PMCID: PMC10821413 DOI: 10.3390/mi15010139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Vibration-assisted micro milling is a promising technique for fabricating engineered mi-cro-scaled surface textures. This paper presents a novel approach for theoretical modeling of three-dimensional (3D) surface textures produced by vibration-assisted micro milling. The proposed model considers the effects of tool edge geometry, minimum uncut chip thickness (MUCT), and material elastic recovery. The surface texture formation under different machining parameters is simulated and analyzed through mathematical modeling. Two typical surface morphologies can be generated: wave-type and fish scale-type textures, depending on the phase difference between tool paths. A 2-degrees-of-freedom (2-DOF) vibration stage is also developed to provide vibration along the feed and cross-feed directions during micro-milling process. Micro-milling experiments on copper were carried out to verify the ability to fabricate controlled surface textures using the vibration stage. The simulated and experimentally generated surfaces show good agreement in geometry and dimensions. This work provides an accurate analytical model for vibration-assisted micro-milling surface generation and demonstrates its feasibility for efficient, flexible texturing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bowen Song
- Key Laboratory of Equipment Design and Manufacturing Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; (B.S.); (D.Z.); (Y.R.)
| | - Dawei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Equipment Design and Manufacturing Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; (B.S.); (D.Z.); (Y.R.)
| | - Xiubing Jing
- Key Laboratory of Equipment Design and Manufacturing Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; (B.S.); (D.Z.); (Y.R.)
| | - Yingying Ren
- Key Laboratory of Equipment Design and Manufacturing Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; (B.S.); (D.Z.); (Y.R.)
| | - Yun Chen
- Pen-Tung Sah Institute of Micro-Nano Science and Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China;
| | - Huaizhong Li
- School of Engineering & Built Environment, Gold Coast Campus, Griffith University, Southport, QLD 4222, Australia
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32
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Gatto ML, Mengucci P, Mattioli-Belmonte M, Munteanu D, Nasini R, Tognoli E, Denti L, Gatto A. Features of Vat-Photopolymerized Masters for Microfluidic Device Manufacturing. Bioengineering (Basel) 2024; 11:80. [PMID: 38247957 PMCID: PMC10813418 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering11010080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Revised: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
The growing interest in advancing microfluidic devices for manipulating fluids within micrometer-scale channels has prompted a shift in manufacturing practices, moving from single-component production to medium-size batches. This transition arises due to the impracticality of lab-scale manufacturing methods in accommodating the increased demand. This experimental study focuses on the design of master benchmarks 1-5, taking into consideration critical parameters such as rib width, height, and the relative width-to-height ratio. Notably, benchmarks 4 and 5 featured ribs that were strategically connected to the inlet, outlet, and reaction chamber of the master, enhancing their utility for subsequent replica production. Vat photopolymerization was employed for the fabrication of benchmarks 1-5, while replicas of benchmarks 4 and 5 were generated through polydimethylsiloxane casting. Dimensional investigations of the ribs and channels in both the master benchmarks and replicas were conducted using an optical technique validated through readability analysis based on the Michelson global contrast index. The primary goal was to evaluate the potential applicability of vat photopolymerization technology for efficiently producing microfluidic devices through a streamlined production process. Results indicate that the combination of vat photopolymerization followed by replication is well suited for achieving a minimum rib size of 25 µm in width and an aspect ratio of 1:12 for the master benchmark.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Laura Gatto
- Department of Industrial Engineering and Mathematical Sciences (DIISM), Università Politecnica delle Marche, Via Brecce Bianche 12, 60131 Ancona, Italy;
| | - Paolo Mengucci
- Department of Materials, Environmental Sciences and Urban Planning (SIMAU), Università Politecnica delle Marche, Via Brecce Bianche 12, 60131 Ancona, Italy;
| | - Monica Mattioli-Belmonte
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Via Tronto 10/a, 60126 Ancona, Italy;
- INSTM, National Consortium of Materials Science and Technology, Via G. Giusti 9, 50121 Florence, Italy
| | - Daniel Munteanu
- Material Science Department, Transilvania University of Brasov, 29 Eroilor Blvd., 500036 Brasov, Romania;
| | - Roberto Nasini
- Prosilas S.r.l., Via Terracini 14, 60212 Civitanova Marche, Italy
| | - Emanuele Tognoli
- Department of Engineering “Enzo Ferrari”, Università di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Via P. Vivarelli 10, 41125 Modena, Italy; (L.D.); (A.G.)
| | - Lucia Denti
- Department of Engineering “Enzo Ferrari”, Università di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Via P. Vivarelli 10, 41125 Modena, Italy; (L.D.); (A.G.)
| | - Andrea Gatto
- Department of Engineering “Enzo Ferrari”, Università di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Via P. Vivarelli 10, 41125 Modena, Italy; (L.D.); (A.G.)
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Husseini AA, Yazdani AM, Ghadiri F, Şişman A. Developing a surface acoustic wave-induced microfluidic cell lysis device for point-of-care DNA amplification. Eng Life Sci 2024; 24:e2300230. [PMID: 38187928 PMCID: PMC10765258 DOI: 10.1002/elsc.202300230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
We developed a microchip device using surface acoustic waves (SAW) and sharp-edge glass microparticles to rapidly lyse low-level cell samples. This microchip features a 13-finger pair interdigital transducer (IDT) with a 30-degree focused angle, creating high-intensity acoustic beams converging 6 mm away at a 16 MHz frequency. Cell lysis is achieved through centrifugal forces acting on Candida albicans cells and glass particles within the focal area. To optimize this SAW-induced streaming, we conducted 42 pilot experiments, varying electrical power, droplet volume, glass particle size, concentration, and lysis time, resulting in optimal conditions: an electrical signal of 2.5 W, a 20 μL sample volume, glass particle size below 10 μm, concentration of 0.2 μg, and a 5-min lysis period. We successfully amplified DNA target fragments directly from the lysate, demonstrating an efficient microchip-based cell lysis method. When combined with an isothermal amplification technique, this technology holds promise for rapid point-of-care (POC) applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abbas Ali Husseini
- Life Science and Biomedical Engineering Application and Research CenterIstanbul Gelisim UniversityIstanbulTurkey
| | - Ali Mohammad Yazdani
- Mechanical Engineering ProgramFaculty of EngineeringMarmara UniversityIstanbulTurkey
- Machine Program, Vocational SchoolNişantaşı UniversityIstanbulTurkey
| | - Fatemeh Ghadiri
- Life Science and Biomedical Engineering Application and Research CenterIstanbul Gelisim UniversityIstanbulTurkey
- Department of Computer EngineeringIstanbul University CerrahpaşaIstanbulTurkey
| | - Alper Şişman
- Electrical and Electronics Engineering ProgramFaculty of EngineeringMarmara UniversityIstanbulTurkey
- Sabanci University Nanotechnology and Application Center (SUNUM)Sabanci UniversityIstanbulTurkey
- Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer ScienceDelft University of TechnologyDelftThe Netherlands
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Chiang CC, Huang SJ, Immanuel PN, Lan JH, Lo FY, Young KC. Using a 3D Silicon Micro-Channel Device and Raman Spectroscopy for the Analysis of Whole Blood and Abnormal Blood. MICROMACHINES 2023; 15:21. [PMID: 38258140 PMCID: PMC10819504 DOI: 10.3390/mi15010021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Blood testing is a crucial application in the field of clinical studies for disease diagnosis and screening, biomarker discovery, organ function assessment, and the personalization of medication. Therefore, it is of the utmost importance to collect precise data in a short time. In this study, we utilized Raman spectroscopy to analyze blood samples for the extraction of comprehensive biological information, including the primary components and compositions present in the blood. Short-wavelength (532 nm green light) Raman scattering spectroscopy was applied for the analysis of the blood samples, plasma, and serum for detection of the biological characteristics in each sample type. Our results indicated that the whole blood had a high hemoglobin content, which suggests that hemoglobin is a major component of blood. The characteristic Raman peaks of hemoglobin were observed at 690, 989, 1015, 1182, 1233, 1315, and 1562-1649 cm-1. Analysis of the plasma and serum samples indicated the presence of β-carotene, which exhibited characteristic peaks at 1013, 1172, and 1526 cm-1. This novel 3D silicon micro-channel device technology holds immense potential in the field of medical blood testing. It can serve as the basis for the detection of various diseases and biomarkers, providing real-time data to help medical professionals and patients better understand their health conditions. Changes in biological data collected in this manner could potentially be used for clinical diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao-Ching Chiang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 10607, Taiwan; (C.-C.C.); (P.N.I.); (J.-H.L.)
| | - Song-Jeng Huang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 10607, Taiwan; (C.-C.C.); (P.N.I.); (J.-H.L.)
| | - Philip Nathaniel Immanuel
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 10607, Taiwan; (C.-C.C.); (P.N.I.); (J.-H.L.)
| | - Jun-Han Lan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 10607, Taiwan; (C.-C.C.); (P.N.I.); (J.-H.L.)
| | - Fang-Yuh Lo
- Department of Physics, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei 10611, Taiwan;
| | - Kung-Chia Young
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
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Hou Y, Mishra R, Zhao Y, Ducrée J, Harrison JD. An Automated Centrifugal Microfluidic Platform for Efficient Multistep Blood Sample Preparation and Clean-Up towards Small Ion-Molecule Analysis. MICROMACHINES 2023; 14:2257. [PMID: 38138426 PMCID: PMC10745919 DOI: 10.3390/mi14122257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
Sample preparation for mass spectroscopy typically involves several liquid and solid phase clean-ups, extractions, and other unit operations, which are labour-intensive and error-prone. We demonstrate a centrifugal microfluidic platform that automates the whole blood sample's preparation and clean-up by combining traditional liquid-phase and multiple solid-phase extractions for applications in mass spectroscopy (MS)-based small molecule detection. Liquid phase extraction was performed using methanol to precipitate proteins in plasma separated from a blood sample under centrifugal force. The preloaded solid phase composed of C18 beads then removed lipids with a combination of silica particles, which further cleaned up any remaining proteins. We further integrated the application of this sample prep disc with matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) MS by using glancing angle deposition films, which further cleaned up the processed sample by segregating the electrolyte background from the sample salts. Additionally, hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography (HILIC) MS was employed for detecting targeted free amino acids. Therefore, several representative ionic metabolites, including several amino acids and organic acids from blood samples, were analysed by both MALDI-MS and HILIC-MS to demonstrate the performance of this sample preparation disc. The fully automated blood sample preparation procedure only took 35 mins, with a throughput of three parallel units.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Hou
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2G2, Canada; (Y.Z.); (J.D.H.)
| | - Rohit Mishra
- FPC@DCU—Fraunhofer Project Centre for Embedded Bioanalytical Systems, Dublin City University, D09 V209 Dublin, Ireland
- School of Physical Sciences, Dublin City University, D09 V209 Dublin, Ireland;
| | - Yufeng Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2G2, Canada; (Y.Z.); (J.D.H.)
- Centre for Research and Applications in Fluidic Technologies, National Research Council Canada, Toronto, ON M5S 3G8, Canada
- Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3M2, Canada
| | - Jens Ducrée
- School of Physical Sciences, Dublin City University, D09 V209 Dublin, Ireland;
| | - Jed D. Harrison
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2G2, Canada; (Y.Z.); (J.D.H.)
- FPC@DCU—Fraunhofer Project Centre for Embedded Bioanalytical Systems, Dublin City University, D09 V209 Dublin, Ireland
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Wu X, Zhao Y, Guo C, Liu C, Zhang Q, Chen Y, Liu Y, Zhang X. RatioCRISPR: A ratiometric biochip based on CRISPR/Cas12a for automated and multiplexed detection of heteroplasmic SNPs in mitochondrial DNA. Biosens Bioelectron 2023; 241:115676. [PMID: 37714059 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2023.115676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 08/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/17/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondrial genetic diseases are often characterized by heteroplasmic single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) where both wild-type (WT) and mutant-type (MT) coexist, making detection of accurate SNP abundance critical for diagnosis. Here, we present RatioCRISPR, an automated ratiometric biochip sensor based on the CRISPR/Cas12a system for detecting multiple heteroplasmic SNPs in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA). The ratiometric sensor output is only influenced by the relative abundance of WT and MT, with minimal impact from sample concentration. Biochips allow the simultaneous detection of multiple SNP sites for more accurate disease diagnosis. RatioCRISPR can accurately detect 8 samples simultaneously within 25 min with a limit of detection (LOD) of 15.7 aM. We successfully detected 13 simulated samples of three mtDNA point mutations (m.3460G>A, m.11778G>A, and m.14484T>C), which lead to Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) and set a threshold (60%) of heteroplasmy to evaluate disease risk. This automated and accurate biosensor has broad applications in diagnosing multiple SNPs, especially those with heteroplasmic variations, making it an advanced and convenient tool for mtDNA disease diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolong Wu
- Research Center for Nanosensor Molecular Diagnostic & Treatment Technology, College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Yi Zhao
- Research Center for Nanosensor Molecular Diagnostic & Treatment Technology, College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Chuanghao Guo
- Research Center for Nanosensor Molecular Diagnostic & Treatment Technology, College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Conghui Liu
- Research Center for Nanosensor Molecular Diagnostic & Treatment Technology, College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Qianling Zhang
- Graphene Composite Research Center, College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Yong Chen
- Research Center for Nanosensor Molecular Diagnostic & Treatment Technology, College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, Guangdong, PR China; Graphene Composite Research Center, College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, Guangdong, PR China.
| | - Yizhen Liu
- Research Center for Nanosensor Molecular Diagnostic & Treatment Technology, College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, Guangdong, PR China; Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Nano-Biosensing Technology, Shenzhen, 518060, Guangdong, PR China.
| | - Xueji Zhang
- Research Center for Nanosensor Molecular Diagnostic & Treatment Technology, College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, Guangdong, PR China
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Ncongwane TB, Ndinteh DT, Smit E. Automated silylation of flavonoids using 3D printed microfluidics prior to chromatographic analysis: system development. Anal Bioanal Chem 2023; 415:7151-7160. [PMID: 37804326 PMCID: PMC10684624 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-023-04981-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/09/2023]
Abstract
Flavonoids are a class of secondary plant metabolites with low molecular weights. Most flavonoids are highly polar and unsuitable for gas chromatographic analyses. Derivatization is commonly used to make them amenable to gas chromatography by altering their physicochemical properties. Although highly effective, derivatization techniques introduce extra preparation steps and often use hazardous chemicals. The aim of this study was to automate derivatization (specifically, silylation) by developing 3D printed microfluidic devices in which derivatization of flavonoids can occur. A microfluidic device was designed and 3D printed using clear polypropylene. Quercetin and other flavonoids (TED 13 and ZTF 1016) isolated from plant extracts were silylated with N-tert-butyldimethylsilyl-N-methyltrifluoroacetamide (MTBSTFA) at room temperature both in batch and in continuous flow. All the samples were analyzed using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, gas chromatography combined with mass spectrometry (GC-MS), and high-resolution accurate mass spectrometry (HR-MS). Interestingly, the HR-MS results showed that the flow method was about 25 times more efficient than the batch method for quercetin samples. The TED 13 flavonoid was completely derivatized in the flow method compared to the batch method where the reaction was incomplete. Similar results were observed for ZTF 1016, where the flow method resulted in a four times derivatized compound, while the compound was only derivatized once in batch. In conclusion, 3D printed microfluidic devices have been developed and used to demonstrate a semi-automated, inexpensive, and more efficient natural product derivatization method based on continuous flow chemistry as an alternative to the traditional batch method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thabang Bernette Ncongwane
- Center for Natural Products Research, Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Johannesburg, Auckland Park, PO Box 524, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Derek Tantoh Ndinteh
- Center for Natural Products Research, Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Johannesburg, Auckland Park, PO Box 524, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Elize Smit
- Center for Natural Products Research, Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Johannesburg, Auckland Park, PO Box 524, Johannesburg, South Africa.
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Nielsen JB, Holladay JD, Burningham AJ, Rapier-Sharman N, Ramsey JS, Skaggs TB, Nordin GP, Pickett BE, Woolley AT. Monolithic affinity columns in 3D printed microfluidics for chikungunya RNA detection. Anal Bioanal Chem 2023; 415:7057-7065. [PMID: 37801120 PMCID: PMC10840819 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-023-04971-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
Mosquito-borne pathogens plague much of the world, yet rapid and simple diagnosis is not available for many affected patients. Using a custom stereolithography 3D printer, we created microfluidic devices with affinity monoliths that could retain, noncovalently attach a fluorescent tag, and detect oligonucleotide and viral RNA. We optimized the fluorescent binding and sample load times using an oligonucleotide sequence from chikungunya virus (CHIKV). We also tested the specificity of CHIKV capture relative to genetically similar Sindbis virus. Moreover, viral RNA from both viruses was flowed through capture columns to study the efficiency and specificity of the column for viral CHIKV. We detected ~107 loaded viral genome copies, which was similar to levels in clinical samples during acute infection. These results show considerable promise for development of this platform into a rapid mosquito-borne viral pathogen detection system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob B Nielsen
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, USA
| | - James D Holladay
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, USA
| | - Addalyn J Burningham
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, USA
| | - Naomi Rapier-Sharman
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, USA
| | - Joshua S Ramsey
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, USA
| | - Timothy B Skaggs
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, USA
| | - Gregory P Nordin
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, USA
| | - Brett E Pickett
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, USA
| | - Adam T Woolley
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, USA.
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Liu Y, Liu R, Liu H, Lyu T, Chen K, Jin K, Tian Y. Breast tumor-on-chip: from the tumor microenvironment to medical applications. Analyst 2023; 148:5822-5842. [PMID: 37850340 DOI: 10.1039/d3an01295f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2023]
Abstract
With the development of microfluidic technology, tumor-on-chip models have gradually become a new tool for the study of breast cancer because they can simulate more key factors of the tumor microenvironment compared with traditional models in vitro. Here, we review up-to-date advancements in breast tumor-on-chip models. We summarize and analyze the breast tumor microenvironment (TME), preclinical breast cancer models for TME simulation, fabrication methods of tumor-on-chip models, tumor-on-chip models for TME reconstruction, and applications of breast tumor-on-chip models and provide a perspective on breast tumor-on-chip models. This review will contribute to the construction and design of microenvironments for breast tumor-on-chip models, even the development of the pharmaceutical field, personalized/precision therapy, and clinical medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiying Liu
- College of Medicine and Biological Information Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110169, China.
- Foshan Graduate School of Innovation, Northeastern University, Foshan, 528300, China
| | - Ruonan Liu
- College of Medicine and Biological Information Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110169, China.
| | - He Liu
- College of Medicine and Biological Information Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110169, China.
| | - Tong Lyu
- College of Medicine and Biological Information Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110169, China.
| | - Kun Chen
- College of Medicine and Biological Information Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110169, China.
| | - Kaiming Jin
- College of Medicine and Biological Information Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110169, China.
| | - Ye Tian
- College of Medicine and Biological Information Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110169, China.
- Foshan Graduate School of Innovation, Northeastern University, Foshan, 528300, China
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40
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Cutuli E, Sanalitro D, Stella G, Saitta L, Bucolo M. A 3D-Printed Micro-Optofluidic Chamber for Fluid Characterization and Microparticle Velocity Detection. MICROMACHINES 2023; 14:2115. [PMID: 38004972 PMCID: PMC10673365 DOI: 10.3390/mi14112115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
This work proposes a multi-objective polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) micro-optofluidic (MoF) device suitably designed and manufactured through a 3D-printed-based master-slave approach. It exploits optical detection techniques to characterize immiscible fluids or microparticles in suspension inside a compartment specifically designed at the core of the device referred to as the MoF chamber. In addition, we show our novel, fast, and cost-effective methodology, dual-slit particle signal velocimetry (DPSV), for fluids and microparticle velocity detection. Different from the standard state-of-the-art approaches, the methodology focuses on signal processing rather than image processing. This alternative has several advantages, including the ability to circumvent the requirement of complex and extensive setups and cost reduction. Additionally, its rapid processing speed allows for real-time sample manipulations in ongoing image-based analyses. For our specific design, optical signals have been detected from the micro-optics components placed in two slots designed ad hoc in the device. To show the devices' multipurpose capabilities, the device has been tested with fluids of various colors and densities and the inclusion of synthetic microparticles. Additionally, several experiments have been conducted to prove the effectiveness of the DPSV approach in estimating microparticle velocities. A digital particle image velocimetry (DPIV)-based approach has been used as a baseline against which the outcomes of our methods have been evaluated. The combination of the suitability of the micro-optical components for integration, along with the MoF chamber device and the DPSV approach, demonstrates a proof of concept towards the challenge of real-time total-on-chip analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emanuela Cutuli
- Department of Electrical Electronic and Computer Science Engineering, University of Catania, Via Santa Sofia 64, 95125 Catania, Italy; (D.S.); (G.S.); (M.B.)
| | - Dario Sanalitro
- Department of Electrical Electronic and Computer Science Engineering, University of Catania, Via Santa Sofia 64, 95125 Catania, Italy; (D.S.); (G.S.); (M.B.)
| | - Giovanna Stella
- Department of Electrical Electronic and Computer Science Engineering, University of Catania, Via Santa Sofia 64, 95125 Catania, Italy; (D.S.); (G.S.); (M.B.)
| | - Lorena Saitta
- Department of Civil Engineering and Architecture, University of Catania, Via Santa Sofia 64, 95125 Catania, Italy;
| | - Maide Bucolo
- Department of Electrical Electronic and Computer Science Engineering, University of Catania, Via Santa Sofia 64, 95125 Catania, Italy; (D.S.); (G.S.); (M.B.)
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41
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Dabbagh Moghaddam F, Dadgar D, Esmaeili Y, Babolmorad S, Ilkhani E, Rafiee M, Wang XD, Makvandi P. Microfluidic platforms in diagnostic of ovarian cancer. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 237:117084. [PMID: 37683792 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.117084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Abstract
The most important reason for death from ovarian cancer is the late diagnosis of this disease. The standard treatment of ovarian cancer includes surgery and chemotherapy based on platinum, which is associated with side effects for the body. Due to the nonspecific nature of clinical symptoms, developing a platform for early detection of this disease is needed. In recent decades, the advancements of microfluidic devices and systems have provided several advantages for diagnosing ovarian cancer. Designing and manufacturing new platforms using specialized technologies can be a big step toward improving the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of this group of diseases. Organ-on-a-chip microfluidic devices are increasingly used as a promising platform in cancer research, with a focus on specific biological aspects of the disease. This review focusing on ovarian cancer and microfluidic application technologies in its diagnosis. Additionally, it discusses microfluidic platforms and their potential future perspectives in advancing ovarian cancer diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farnaz Dabbagh Moghaddam
- Institute for Photonics and Nanotechnologies, National Research Council, Via Fosso del Cavaliere, 100, 00133, Rome, Italy.
| | - Delara Dadgar
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Yasaman Esmaeili
- Biosensor Research Center, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, 8174673461, Iran
| | - Shahrzad Babolmorad
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ehsan Ilkhani
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maedeh Rafiee
- Department of Veterinary Sciences University of Wyoming, 1174 Snowy Range Road Laramie, WY, 82070, USA
| | - Xiang-Dong Wang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Pooyan Makvandi
- The Quzhou Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Quzhou People's Hospital, 324000, Quzhou, Zhejiang, China.
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Hashimoto K, Kumagai T, Nomura K, Miyagawa Y, Tago S, Takasaki K, Takahashi Y, Nishida H, Ichinose T, Hirano M, Hiraike H, Wada-Hiraike O, Sasajima Y, Kim SH, Nagasaka K. Validation of an on-chip p16 ink4a/Ki-67 dual immunostaining cervical cytology system using microfluidic device technology. Sci Rep 2023; 13:17052. [PMID: 37816765 PMCID: PMC10564753 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-44273-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023] Open
Abstract
More specific screening systems for cervical cancer may become necessary as the human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine becomes more widespread. Although p16/Ki-67 dual-staining cytology has several advantages, it requires advanced diagnostic skills. Here, we developed an automated on-chip immunostaining method using a microfluidic device. An electroactive microwell array (EMA) microfluidic device with patterned thin-film electrodes at the bottom of each microwell was used for single-cell capture by dielectrophoresis. Immunostaining and dual staining for p16/Ki-67 were performed on diagnosed liquid cytology samples using the EMA device. The numbers of p16/Ki-67 dual-stained cells captured by the EMA device were determined and compared among the cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) lesion samples. Seven normal, fifteen CIN grade 3, and seven CIN grade 2 samples were examined. The percentage of dual-positive cells was 18.6% in the CIN grade 2 samples and 23.6% in the CIN grade 3 samples. The percentages of dual-positive staining increased significantly as the severity of the cervical lesions increased. p16/Ki67 dual immunostaining using the EMA device is as sensitive as the conventional method of confirming the histopathological diagnosis of cervical samples. This system enables a quantified parallel analysis at the individual cell level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kei Hashimoto
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Kaga 2-11-1, Itabashi-Ku, Tokyo, 173-8605, Japan
| | - Tomoo Kumagai
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Kaga 2-11-1, Itabashi-Ku, Tokyo, 173-8605, Japan
| | - Kyosuke Nomura
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Kaga 2-11-1, Itabashi-Ku, Tokyo, 173-8605, Japan
| | - Yuko Miyagawa
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Kaga 2-11-1, Itabashi-Ku, Tokyo, 173-8605, Japan
| | - Saori Tago
- Institute of Industrial Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuki Takasaki
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Kaga 2-11-1, Itabashi-Ku, Tokyo, 173-8605, Japan
| | - Yuko Takahashi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Kaga 2-11-1, Itabashi-Ku, Tokyo, 173-8605, Japan
| | - Haruka Nishida
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Kaga 2-11-1, Itabashi-Ku, Tokyo, 173-8605, Japan
| | - Takayuki Ichinose
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Kaga 2-11-1, Itabashi-Ku, Tokyo, 173-8605, Japan
| | - Mana Hirano
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Kaga 2-11-1, Itabashi-Ku, Tokyo, 173-8605, Japan
| | - Haruko Hiraike
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Kaga 2-11-1, Itabashi-Ku, Tokyo, 173-8605, Japan
| | - Osamu Wada-Hiraike
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuko Sasajima
- Department of Pathology, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Soo Hyeon Kim
- Institute of Industrial Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazunori Nagasaka
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Kaga 2-11-1, Itabashi-Ku, Tokyo, 173-8605, Japan.
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43
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Vanderlaan EL, Sexton J, Evans-Molina C, Buganza Tepole A, Voytik-Harbin SL. Islet-on-chip: promotion of islet health and function via encapsulation within a polymerizable fibrillar collagen scaffold. LAB ON A CHIP 2023; 23:4466-4482. [PMID: 37740372 DOI: 10.1039/d3lc00371j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Abstract
The protection and interrogation of pancreatic β-cell health and function ex vivo is a fundamental aspect of diabetes research, including mechanistic studies, evaluation of β-cell health modulators, and development and quality control of replacement β-cell populations. However, present-day islet culture formats, including traditional suspension culture as well as many recently developed microfluidic devices, suspend islets in a liquid microenvironment, disrupting mechanochemical signaling normally found in vivo and limiting β-cell viability and function in vitro. Herein, we present a novel three-dimensional (3D) microphysiological system (MPS) to extend islet health and function ex vivo by incorporating a polymerizable collagen scaffold to restore biophysical support and islet-collagen mechanobiological cues. Informed by computational models of gas and molecular transport relevant to β-cell physiology, a MPS configuration was down-selected based on simulated oxygen and nutrient delivery to collagen-encapsulated islets, and 3D-printing was applied as a readily accessible, low-cost rapid prototyping method. Recreating critical aspects of the in vivo microenvironment within the MPS via perfusion and islet-collagen interactions mitigated post-isolation ischemia and apoptosis in mouse islets over a 5-day period. In contrast, islets maintained in traditional suspension formats exhibited progressive hypoxic and apoptotic cores. Finally, dynamic glucose-stimulated insulin secretion measurements were performed on collagen-encapsulated mouse islets in the absence and presence of well-known chemical stressor thapsigargin using the MPS platform and compared to conventional protocols involving commercial perifusion machines. Overall, the MPS described here provides a user-friendly islet culture platform that not only supports long-term β-cell health and function but also enables multiparametric evaluations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma L Vanderlaan
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.
- Medical Scientist/Engineer Training Program, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Joshua Sexton
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.
| | - Carmella Evans-Molina
- Center for Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
- Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Adrian Buganza Tepole
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.
- School of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Sherry L Voytik-Harbin
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47906, USA
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44
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Qasim F, Ashraf MW, Tayyaba S, Tariq MI, Herrera-May AL. Simulation, Fabrication and Microfiltration Using Dual Anodic Aluminum Oxide Membrane. MEMBRANES 2023; 13:825. [PMID: 37887997 PMCID: PMC10608613 DOI: 10.3390/membranes13100825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
Microfluidic devices have gained subsequent attention due to their controlled manipulation of fluid for various biomedical applications. These devices can be used to study the behavior of fluid under several micrometer ranges within the channel. The major applications are the filtration of fluid, blood filtration and bio-medical analysis. For the filtration of water, as well as other liquids, the micro-filtration based microfluidic devices are considered as potential candidates to fulfill the desired conditions and requirements. The micro pore membrane can be designed and fabricated in such a way that it maximizes the removal of impurities from fluid. The low-cost micro-filtration method has been reported to provide clean fluid for biomedical applications and other purposes. In the work, anodic-aluminum-oxide-based membranes have been fabricated with different pore sizes ranging from 70 to 500 nm. A soft computing technique like fuzzy logic has been used to estimate the filtration parameters. Then, the finite-element-based analysis system software has been used to study the fluid flow through the double membrane. Then, filtration is performed by using a dual membrane and the clogging of the membrane has been studied after different filtration cycles using characterization like a scanning electron microscope. The filtration has been done to purify the contaminated fluid which has impurities like bacteria and protozoans. The membranes have been tested after each cycle to verify the results. The decrease in permeance with respect to the increase in the velocity of the fluid and the permeate volume per unit clearly depicts the removal of containments from the fluid after four and eight cycles of filtration. The results clearly show that the filtration efficiency can be improved by increasing the number of cycles and adding a dual membrane in the micro-fluidic device. The results show the potential of dual anodic aluminum oxide membranes for the effective filtration of fluids for biomedical applications, thereby offering a promising solution to address current challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faheem Qasim
- Department of Electronics, Institute of Physics, GC University Lahore, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Waseem Ashraf
- Department of Electronics, Institute of Physics, GC University Lahore, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Shahzadi Tayyaba
- Department of Information Sciences, Division of Science and Technology, Township Campus, University of Education, Lahore 54000, Pakistan;
| | - Muhammad Imran Tariq
- Department of Computer Science, Superior University Lahore, Lahore 54000, Pakistan;
| | - Agustín L. Herrera-May
- Micro and Nanotechnology Research Center, Universidad Veracruzana, Boca del Río 94294, Veracruz, Mexico;
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45
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Moetazedian A, Candeo A, Liu S, Hughes A, Nasrollahi V, Saadat M, Bassi A, Grover LM, Cox LR, Poologasundarampillai G. Versatile Microfluidics for Biofabrication Platforms Enabled by an Agile and Inexpensive Fabrication Pipeline. Adv Healthc Mater 2023; 12:e2300636. [PMID: 37186512 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202300636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Microfluidics have transformed diagnosis and screening in regenerative medicine. Recently, they are showing much promise in biofabrication. However, their adoption is inhibited by costly and drawn-out lithographic processes thus limiting progress. Here, multi-material fibers with complex core-shell geometries with sizes matching those of human arteries and arterioles are fabricated employing versatile microfluidic devices produced using an agile and inexpensive manufacturing pipeline. The pipeline consists of material extrusion additive manufacturing with an innovative continuously varied extrusion (CONVEX) approach to produce microfluidics with complex seamless geometries including, novel variable-width zigzag (V-zigzag) mixers with channel widths ranging from 100-400 µm and hydrodynamic flow-focusing components. The microfluidic systems facilitated rapid mixing of fluids by decelerating the fluids at specific zones to allow for increased diffusion across the interfaces. Better mixing even at high flow rates (100-1000 µL min-1 ) whilst avoiding turbulence led to high cell cytocompatibility (>86%) even when 100 µm nozzles are used. The presented 3D-printed microfluidic system is versatile, simple and efficient, offering a great potential to significantly advance the microfluidic platform in regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amirpasha Moetazedian
- School of Dentistry, Institute of Clinical Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B5 7EG, UK
- EPSRC Future Metrology Hub, School of Computing and Engineering, University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield, HD1 3D, UK
| | - Alessia Candeo
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, Milano, 20133, Italy
| | - Siyun Liu
- School of Dentistry, Institute of Clinical Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B5 7EG, UK
| | - Arran Hughes
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - Vahid Nasrollahi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - Mozafar Saadat
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - Andrea Bassi
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, Milano, 20133, Italy
| | - Liam M Grover
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - Liam R Cox
- School of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
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46
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Esene JE, Nasman PR, Miner DS, Nordin GP, Woolley AT. High-performance microchip electrophoresis separations of preterm birth biomarkers using 3D printed microfluidic devices. J Chromatogr A 2023; 1706:464242. [PMID: 37595419 PMCID: PMC10473225 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2023.464242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2023] [Revised: 07/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/20/2023]
Abstract
We employed digital light processing-stereolithography 3D printing to create microfluidic devices with different designs for microchip electrophoresis (µCE). Short or long straight channel, and two- or four-turn serpentine channel microfluidic devices with separation channel lengths of 1.3, 3.1, 3.0, and 4.7 cm, respectively, all with a cross injector design, were fabricated. We measured current as a function of time and voltage to determine a separation time window and conditions for the onset of Joule heating in these designs. Separations in these devices were evaluated by performing µCE and measuring theoretical plate counts for electric field strengths near and above the onset of Joule heating, with fluorescently labeled glycine and phenylalanine as model analytes. We further demonstrated µCE of peptides and proteins related to preterm birth risk, showing increased peak capacity and resolution compared to previous results with 3D printed microdevices. These results mark an important step forward in the use of 3D printed microfluidic devices for rapid bioanalysis by µCE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joule E Esene
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, 84602, USA
| | - Parker R Nasman
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, 84602, USA
| | - Dallin S Miner
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, 84602, USA
| | - Gregory P Nordin
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, 84602, USA
| | - Adam T Woolley
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, 84602, USA.
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47
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Oliveira MJ, Caetano S, Dalot A, Sabino F, Calmeiro TR, Fortunato E, Martins R, Pereira E, Prudêncio M, Byrne HJ, Franco R, Águas H. A simple polystyrene microfluidic device for sensitive and accurate SERS-based detection of infection by malaria parasites. Analyst 2023; 148:4053-4063. [PMID: 37529888 PMCID: PMC10440799 DOI: 10.1039/d3an00971h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023]
Abstract
Early and accurate detection of infection by pathogenic microorganisms, such as Plasmodium, the causative agent of malaria, is critical for clinical diagnosis and ultimately determines the patient's outcome. We have combined a polystyrene-based microfluidic device with an immunoassay which utilises Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (SERS) to detect malaria. The method can be easily translated to a point-of-care testing format and shows excellent sensitivity and specificity, when compared to the gold standard for laboratorial detection of Plasmodium infections. The device can be fabricated in less than 30 min by direct patterning on shrinkable polystyrene sheets of adaptable three-dimensional microfluidic chips. To validate the microfluidic system, samples of P. falciparum-infected red blood cell cultures were used. The SERS-based immunoassay enabled the detection of 0.0012 ± 0.0001% parasitaemia in a P. falciparum-infected red blood cell culture supernatant, an ∼7-fold higher sensitivity than that attained by most rapid diagnostic tests. Our approach successfully overcomes the main challenges of the current Plasmodium detection methods, including increased reproducibility, sensitivity, and specificity. Furthermore, our system can be easily adapted for detection of other pathogens and has excellent properties for early diagnosis of infectious diseases, a decisive step towards lowering their high burden on healthcare systems worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria João Oliveira
- CENIMAT-i3N, Departamento de Ciência dos Materiais, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, FCT, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, and CEMOP/UNINOVA, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal.
- Associate Laboratory i4HB - Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal.
- UCIBIO - Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Soraia Caetano
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Egas Moniz, 1649-028 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Ana Dalot
- CENIMAT-i3N, Departamento de Ciência dos Materiais, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, FCT, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, and CEMOP/UNINOVA, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal.
- Associate Laboratory i4HB - Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal.
- UCIBIO - Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Filipe Sabino
- CENIMAT-i3N, Departamento de Ciência dos Materiais, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, FCT, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, and CEMOP/UNINOVA, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal.
- Associate Laboratory i4HB - Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal.
- UCIBIO - Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Tomás R Calmeiro
- CENIMAT-i3N, Departamento de Ciência dos Materiais, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, FCT, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, and CEMOP/UNINOVA, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal.
| | - Elvira Fortunato
- CENIMAT-i3N, Departamento de Ciência dos Materiais, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, FCT, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, and CEMOP/UNINOVA, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal.
| | - Rodrigo Martins
- CENIMAT-i3N, Departamento de Ciência dos Materiais, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, FCT, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, and CEMOP/UNINOVA, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal.
| | - Eulália Pereira
- LAQV, REQUIMTE, Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, s/n, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
| | - Miguel Prudêncio
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Egas Moniz, 1649-028 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Hugh J Byrne
- FOCAS Research Institute, Technological University Dublin, Camden Street, Dublin 8, Ireland
| | - Ricardo Franco
- Associate Laboratory i4HB - Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal.
- UCIBIO - Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Hugo Águas
- CENIMAT-i3N, Departamento de Ciência dos Materiais, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, FCT, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, and CEMOP/UNINOVA, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal.
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48
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Nasiruddin M, Waizumi H, Takaoka T, Wang Z, Sainoo Y, Mamun MSA, Ando A, Fukuyama M, Hibara A, Komeda T. A microfluidic approach for the detection of uric acid through electrical measurement using an atomically thin MoS 2 field-effect transistor. Analyst 2023; 148:4091-4098. [PMID: 37486297 DOI: 10.1039/d3an00772c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
There is a demand for biosensors working under in vivo conditions, which requires significant device size and endurance miniaturization in solution environments. We demonstrated the detection of uric acid (UA) molecules, a marker of diseases like gout, whose continuous monitoring is required in medical diagnosis. We used a field effect transistor (FET) composed of an atomically thin transition metal dichalcogenide (TMD) channel. The sensor detection was carried out in a solution environment, for which we protected the electrodes of the source and drain from the solution. A microfluidic channel controls the solution flow that can realize evaporation-free conditions and provide an accurate concentration and precise measurement. We detected a systematic change of the drain current with the concentration of the UA in isopropyl alcohol (IPA) solvent with a detection limit of 60 nM. The sensor behavior is reversible, and the drain current returns to its original value when the channel is washed with pure solvent. The results demonstrate the feasibility of applying the MoS2-FET device to UA detection in solution, suggesting its possible use in the solution environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Nasiruddin
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, Aramaki-Aza-Aoba, Aoba-Ku, Sendai 9808578, Japan
| | - Hiroki Waizumi
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, Aramaki-Aza-Aoba, Aoba-Ku, Sendai 9808578, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Takaoka
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials (IMRAM, Tagen), Tohoku University, 2-1-1, Katahira, Aoba-Ku, Sendai 9800877, Japan.
| | - Zhipeng Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, Aramaki-Aza-Aoba, Aoba-Ku, Sendai 9808578, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Sainoo
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials (IMRAM, Tagen), Tohoku University, 2-1-1, Katahira, Aoba-Ku, Sendai 9800877, Japan.
| | | | - Atsushi Ando
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, 1-1-1 Umezono, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8568, Japan
| | - Mao Fukuyama
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials (IMRAM, Tagen), Tohoku University, 2-1-1, Katahira, Aoba-Ku, Sendai 9800877, Japan.
| | - Akihide Hibara
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials (IMRAM, Tagen), Tohoku University, 2-1-1, Katahira, Aoba-Ku, Sendai 9800877, Japan.
| | - Tadahiro Komeda
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials (IMRAM, Tagen), Tohoku University, 2-1-1, Katahira, Aoba-Ku, Sendai 9800877, Japan.
- Center for Spintronics Research Network, Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
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49
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Boaks M, Roper C, Viglione M, Hooper K, Woolley AT, Christensen KA, Nordin GP. Biocompatible High-Resolution 3D-Printed Microfluidic Devices: Integrated Cell Chemotaxis Demonstration. MICROMACHINES 2023; 14:1589. [PMID: 37630125 PMCID: PMC10456398 DOI: 10.3390/mi14081589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2023] [Revised: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate a method to effectively 3D print microfluidic devices with high-resolution features using a biocompatible resin based on avobenzone as the UV absorber. Our method relies on spectrally shaping the 3D printer source spectrum so that it is fully overlapped by avobenzone's absorption spectrum. Complete overlap is essential to effectively limit the optical penetration depth, which is required to achieve high out-of-plane resolution. We demonstrate the high resolution in practice by 3D printing 15 μm square pillars in a microfluidic chamber, where the pillars are separated by 7.7 μm and are printed with 5 μm layers. Furthermore, we show reliable membrane valves and pumps using the biocompatible resin. Valves are tested to 1,000,000 actuations with no observable degradation in performance. Finally, we create a concentration gradient generation (CG) component and utilize it in two device designs for cell chemotaxis studies. The first design relies on an external dual syringe pump to generate source and sink flows to supply the CG channel, while the second is a complete integrated device incorporating on-chip pumps, valves, and reservoirs. Both device types are seeded with adherent cells that are subjected to a chemoattractant CG, and both show clear evidence of chemotactic cellular migration. Moreover, the integrated device demonstrates cellular migration comparable to the external syringe pump device. This demonstration illustrates the effectiveness of our integrated chemotactic assay approach and high-resolution biocompatible resin 3D printing fabrication process. In addition, our 3D printing process has been tuned for rapid fabrication, as printing times for the two device designs are, respectively, 8 and 15 min.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mawla Boaks
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA
| | - Connor Roper
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA
| | - Matthew Viglione
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA
| | - Kent Hooper
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA
| | - Adam T. Woolley
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA
| | - Kenneth A. Christensen
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA
| | - Gregory P. Nordin
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA
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50
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Gimondi S, Ferreira H, Reis RL, Neves NM. Microfluidic Devices: A Tool for Nanoparticle Synthesis and Performance Evaluation. ACS NANO 2023; 17:14205-14228. [PMID: 37498731 PMCID: PMC10416572 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c01117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
The use of nanoparticles (NPs) in nanomedicine holds great promise for the treatment of diseases for which conventional therapies present serious limitations. Additionally, NPs can drastically improve early diagnosis and follow-up of many disorders. However, to harness their full capabilities, they must be precisely designed, produced, and tested in relevant models. Microfluidic systems can simulate dynamic fluid flows, gradients, specific microenvironments, and multiorgan complexes, providing an efficient and cost-effective approach for both NPs synthesis and screening. Microfluidic technologies allow for the synthesis of NPs under controlled conditions, enhancing batch-to-batch reproducibility. Moreover, due to the versatility of microfluidic devices, it is possible to generate and customize endless platforms for rapid and efficient in vitro and in vivo screening of NPs' performance. Indeed, microfluidic devices show great potential as advanced systems for small organism manipulation and immobilization. In this review, first we summarize the major microfluidic platforms that allow for controlled NPs synthesis. Next, we will discuss the most innovative microfluidic platforms that enable mimicking in vitro environments as well as give insights into organism-on-a-chip and their promising application for NPs screening. We conclude this review with a critical assessment of the current challenges and possible future directions of microfluidic systems in NPs synthesis and screening to impact the field of nanomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Gimondi
- 3B’s
Research Group, I3Bs − Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters
of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and
Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Parque
de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017 Barco, Guimarães, Portugal
- ICVS/3B’s−PT
Government Associate Laboratory, 4805-017 Braga, Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Helena Ferreira
- 3B’s
Research Group, I3Bs − Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters
of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and
Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Parque
de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017 Barco, Guimarães, Portugal
- ICVS/3B’s−PT
Government Associate Laboratory, 4805-017 Braga, Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Rui L. Reis
- 3B’s
Research Group, I3Bs − Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters
of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and
Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Parque
de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017 Barco, Guimarães, Portugal
- ICVS/3B’s−PT
Government Associate Laboratory, 4805-017 Braga, Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Nuno M. Neves
- 3B’s
Research Group, I3Bs − Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters
of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and
Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Parque
de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017 Barco, Guimarães, Portugal
- ICVS/3B’s−PT
Government Associate Laboratory, 4805-017 Braga, Guimarães, Portugal
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