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González Y, Martínez-Soto D, de Los Santos-Villalobos S, Garcia-Marin LE, Juarez-Moreno K, Castro-Longoria E. Potential application of a fungal co-culture crude extract for the conservation of post-harvest fruits. Braz J Microbiol 2024; 55:1679-1691. [PMID: 38393617 PMCID: PMC11153422 DOI: 10.1007/s42770-024-01274-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Fungal plant pathogens are responsible for serious losses in many economically important crop species worldwide. Due to the use of fungicides and the fungi genome plasticity, multi-drug resistant strains are emerging as a new generation of pathogens, causing an expansive range of superficial and systemic plant infections, or new opportunistic fungal pathogens for humans. The group of antagonistic fungi Trichoderma spp. has been widely used to enhance plant growth and for the control of different pathogens affecting crops. Although Neurospora crassa is not a mycoparasitic fungus, its secretion of secondary metabolites with antimicrobial activity has been described. In this work, the effect of crude extract of the monoculture of Trichoderma asperellum T8a or the co-culture with N. crassa as an inhibitory treatment against the fungal pathogens Botrytis cinerea and Fusarium solani was evaluated. The findings demonstrate that the secondary metabolites contained in the T. asperellum crude extract have a clear fungistatic activity against B. cinerea and F. solani. Interestingly, this fungistatic activity highly increases when T. asperellum is co-cultivated with the non-pathogenic fungus N. crassa. Moreover, the co-culture crude extract also showed antifungal activity on post-harvest fruits, and no toxic effects on Murine fibroblast L929 (CCL-1) and murine macrophages RAW 264.7 (TIB-71) were observed. All these results together are solid evidence of the potential of the co-culture crude extract of T. asperellum and N. crassa, as an antifungal agent against phytopathogenic fungi, or post-harvest fruits during the transportation or commercialization time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yael González
- Department of Microbiology, Center for Scientific Research and Higher Education of Ensenada (CICESE), Carretera Tijuana-Ensenada 3918, Zona Playitas, 22860, Ensenada, Baja California, Mexico
| | - Domingo Martínez-Soto
- Department of Microbiology, Center for Scientific Research and Higher Education of Ensenada (CICESE), Carretera Tijuana-Ensenada 3918, Zona Playitas, 22860, Ensenada, Baja California, Mexico
| | | | - Luis E Garcia-Marin
- Department of Microbiology, Center for Scientific Research and Higher Education of Ensenada (CICESE), Carretera Tijuana-Ensenada 3918, Zona Playitas, 22860, Ensenada, Baja California, Mexico
| | - Karla Juarez-Moreno
- Center for Applied Physics and Advanced Technology, UNAM. Blvd. Juriquilla 3001, Juriquilla La Mesa, 76230, Juriquilla, Queretaro, Mexico
| | - Ernestina Castro-Longoria
- Department of Microbiology, Center for Scientific Research and Higher Education of Ensenada (CICESE), Carretera Tijuana-Ensenada 3918, Zona Playitas, 22860, Ensenada, Baja California, Mexico.
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Ji S, Liu B, Han J, Kong N, Yang Y, Wang Y, Liu Z. Decrypting biocontrol functions and application modes by genomes data of three Trichoderma Strains/Species. Fungal Genet Biol 2024; 172:103889. [PMID: 38513939 DOI: 10.1016/j.fgb.2024.103889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
Trichoderma is an excellent biocontrol agent, but most Trichoderma genomes remained at the scaffold level, which greatly limits the research of biocontrol mechanism. Here, we reported the chromosome-level genome of Trichoderma harzianum CGMCC20739 (Tha739), T. asperellum CGMCC11653 (Tas653) and T. atroviride CGMCC40488 (Tat488), they were assembled into 7 chromosomes, genome size were 40 Mb (10,611 genes), 37.3 Mb (10,102 genes) and 36.3 Mb (9,896 genes), respectively. The positive selected genes of three strains were associated to response to stimulus, signaling transduction, immune system and localization. Furthermore, the number of transcription factors in Tha739, Tas653 and Tat488 strains had significant difference, which may contribute to the differential biocontrol function and stress tolerance. The genes related to signal transduction and gene clusters related to antimicrobial compounds in Tha739 were more than those in Tas653 and Tat488, which showed Tha739 may keenly sense other fungi and quickly secret antimicrobial compounds to inhibit other fungi. Tha739 also contained more genes associated to detoxification, antioxidant and nutrition utilization, indicating it had higher stress-tolerance to hostile environments. And the substrate for synthesizing IAA in Tha739 was mainly 3-indole acetonitrile and indole acetaldehyde, but in Tat488, it was indole-3-acetamide, moreover, Tha739 secreted more phosphatase and phytase and was more related to soil phosphorus metabolism, Tat488 secreted more urease and was more related to soil nitrogen metabolism. These candidate genes related to biocontrol function and stress-tolerance laid foundations for construction of functional strains. All above proved the difference in biocontrol function of Tha739, Tas653 and Tat488 strains, however, the defects in individual strains could be compensated for through Trichoderma-biome during the commercial application process of biocontrol Trichoderma strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shida Ji
- College of Forestry, ShenYang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China; College of Horticulture, ShenYang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Bin Liu
- College of Forestry, ShenYang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Jing Han
- College of Forestry, ShenYang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Ning Kong
- College of Forestry, ShenYang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Yongfeng Yang
- College of Forestry, ShenYang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Yucheng Wang
- College of Forestry, ShenYang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China; School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, 26 Hexing Road, Harbin 150040, China.
| | - Zhihua Liu
- College of Forestry, ShenYang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China; School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, 26 Hexing Road, Harbin 150040, China.
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Huang L, Liu MD, Hu YW, Chen LJ, Deng Y, Gu YC, Bian Q, Guo DL, Wang GZ. Secondary metabolites isolated from Trichoderma hamatum b-3 and their fungicidal activity. Fitoterapia 2024; 174:105880. [PMID: 38431026 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2024.105880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
An undescribed trichodenone derivative (1), two new diketopiperazines (3 and 4) along with a bisabolane analog (2) were isolated from Trichoderma hamatum b-3. The structures of the new findings were established through comprehensive analyses of spectral evidences in HRESIMS, 1D and 2D NMR, Marfey's analysis as well as comparisons of ECD. The absolute configuration of 2 was unambiguously confirmed by NMR, ECD calculation and Mo2(AcO)4 induced circular dichroism. Compounds 1-4 were tested for their fungicidal effects against eight crop pathogenic fungi, among which 1 showed 51% inhibition against Sclerotinia sclerotiorum at a concentration of 50 μg/mL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resource, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Meng-Dan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resource, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yi-Wen Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resource, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Li-Juan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resource, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yun Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resource, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yu-Cheng Gu
- Syngenta Jealott's Hill International Research Centre, Berkshire, UK
| | - Qiang Bian
- National Pesticide Engineering Research Center (Tianjin), State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Da-Le Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resource, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.
| | - Guang-Zhi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resource, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.
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Contreras-Cornejo HA, Schmoll M, Esquivel-Ayala BA, González-Esquivel CE, Rocha-Ramírez V, Larsen J. Mechanisms for plant growth promotion activated by Trichoderma in natural and managed terrestrial ecosystems. Microbiol Res 2024; 281:127621. [PMID: 38295679 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2024.127621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 11/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
Trichoderma spp. are free-living fungi present in virtually all terrestrial ecosystems. These soil fungi can stimulate plant growth and increase plant nutrient acquisition of macro- and micronutrients and water uptake. Generally, plant growth promotion by Trichoderma is a consequence of the activity of potent fungal signaling metabolites diffused in soil with hormone-like activity, including indolic compounds as indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) produced at concentrations ranging from 14 to 234 μg l-1, and volatile organic compounds such as sesquiterpene isoprenoids (C15), 6-pentyl-2H-pyran-2-one (6-PP) and ethylene (ET) produced at levels from 10 to 120 ng over a period of six days, which in turn, might impact plant endogenous signaling mechanisms orchestrated by plant hormones. Plant growth stimulation occurs without the need of physical contact between both organisms and/or during root colonization. When associated with plants Trichoderma may cause significant biochemical changes in plant content of carbohydrates, amino acids, organic acids and lipids, as detected in Arabidopsis thaliana, maize (Zea mays), tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) and barley (Hordeum vulgare), which may improve the plant health status during the complete life cycle. Trichoderma-induced plant beneficial effects such as mechanisms of defense and growth are likely to be inherited to the next generations. Depending on the environmental conditions perceived by the fungus during its interaction with plants, Trichoderma can reprogram and/or activate molecular mechanisms commonly modulated by IAA, ET and abscisic acid (ABA) to induce an adaptative physiological response to abiotic stress, including drought, salinity, or environmental pollution. This review, provides a state of the art overview focused on the canonical mechanisms of these beneficial fungi involved in plant growth promotion traits under different environmental scenarios and shows new insights on Trichoderma metabolites from different chemical classes that can modulate specific plant growth aspects. Also, we suggest new research directions on Trichoderma spp. and their secondary metabolites with biological activity on plant growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hexon Angel Contreras-Cornejo
- Laboratorio Nacional de Innovación Ecotecnológica para la Sustentabilidad (LANIES), Instituto de Investigaciones en Ecosistemas y Sustentabilidad (IIES), UNAM, Mexico; IIES-UNAM, Antigua carretera a Pátzcuaro No. 8701, Col. Ex-Hacienda de San José de la Huerta, 58190 Morelia, Michoacán, Mexico.
| | - Monika Schmoll
- Division of Terrestrial Ecosystem Research, Department of Microbiology and Ecosystem Science, Centre of Microbiology and Environmental Systems Science, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Blanca Alicia Esquivel-Ayala
- Laboratorio de Entomología, Facultad de Biología, Edificio B4, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Gral. Francisco J. Múgica S/N, Ciudad Universitaria, CP 58030 Morelia, Michoacán, Mexico
| | - Carlos E González-Esquivel
- Laboratorio Nacional de Innovación Ecotecnológica para la Sustentabilidad (LANIES), Instituto de Investigaciones en Ecosistemas y Sustentabilidad (IIES), UNAM, Mexico; IIES-UNAM, Antigua carretera a Pátzcuaro No. 8701, Col. Ex-Hacienda de San José de la Huerta, 58190 Morelia, Michoacán, Mexico
| | - Victor Rocha-Ramírez
- Laboratorio Nacional de Innovación Ecotecnológica para la Sustentabilidad (LANIES), Instituto de Investigaciones en Ecosistemas y Sustentabilidad (IIES), UNAM, Mexico; IIES-UNAM, Antigua carretera a Pátzcuaro No. 8701, Col. Ex-Hacienda de San José de la Huerta, 58190 Morelia, Michoacán, Mexico
| | - John Larsen
- Laboratorio Nacional de Innovación Ecotecnológica para la Sustentabilidad (LANIES), Instituto de Investigaciones en Ecosistemas y Sustentabilidad (IIES), UNAM, Mexico; IIES-UNAM, Antigua carretera a Pátzcuaro No. 8701, Col. Ex-Hacienda de San José de la Huerta, 58190 Morelia, Michoacán, Mexico
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Modrzewska M, Popowski D, Błaszczyk L, Stępień Ł, Urbaniak M, Bryła M, Cramer B, Humpf HU, Twarużek M. Antagonistic properties against Fusarium sporotrichioides and glycosylation of HT-2 and T-2 toxins by selected Trichoderma strains. Sci Rep 2024; 14:5865. [PMID: 38467671 PMCID: PMC10928170 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-55920-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024] Open
Abstract
The present study assessed the ability of Trichoderma to combat F. sporotrichioides, focusing on their antagonistic properties. Tests showed that Trichoderma effectively inhibited F. sporotrichioides mycelial growth, particularly with T. atroviride strains. In co-cultures on rice grains, Trichoderma almost completely reduced the biosynthesis of T-2 and HT-2 toxins by Fusarium. T-2 toxin-α-glucoside (T-2-3α-G), HT-2 toxin-α-glucoside (HT-2-3α-G), and HT-2 toxin-β-glucoside (HT-2-3β-G) were observed in the common culture medium, while these substances were not present in the control medium. The study also revealed unique metabolites and varying metabolomic profiles in joint cultures of Trichoderma and Fusarium, suggesting complex interactions. This research offers insights into the processes of biocontrol by Trichoderma, highlighting its potential as a sustainable solution for managing cereal plant pathogens and ensuring food safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Modrzewska
- Department of Food Safety and Chemical Analysis, Prof. Waclaw Dabrowski Institute of Agricultural and Food Biotechnology-State Research Institute, Rakowiecka 36, 02-532, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Dominik Popowski
- Department of Food Safety and Chemical Analysis, Prof. Waclaw Dabrowski Institute of Agricultural and Food Biotechnology-State Research Institute, Rakowiecka 36, 02-532, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Lidia Błaszczyk
- Plant Microbiomics Team, Institute of Plant Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, 60-479, Poznan, Poland
| | - Łukasz Stępień
- Plant-Pathogen Interaction Team, Institute of Plant Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, 60-479, Poznan, Poland
| | - Monika Urbaniak
- Plant-Pathogen Interaction Team, Institute of Plant Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, 60-479, Poznan, Poland
| | - Marcin Bryła
- Department of Food Safety and Chemical Analysis, Prof. Waclaw Dabrowski Institute of Agricultural and Food Biotechnology-State Research Institute, Rakowiecka 36, 02-532, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Benedikt Cramer
- Institute of Food Chemistry, University of Münster, Corrensstr. 45, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Hans-Ulrich Humpf
- Institute of Food Chemistry, University of Münster, Corrensstr. 45, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Magdalena Twarużek
- Department of Physiology and Toxicology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Institute of Experimental Biology, Kazimierz Wielki University, Chodkiewicza 30, 85-064, Bydgoszcz, Poland
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6
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Elshahawy IE, Marrez DA. Antagonistic activity of Trichoderma asperellum against Fusarium species, chemical profile and their efficacy for management of Fusarium-root rot disease in dry bean. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2024; 80:1153-1167. [PMID: 37874198 DOI: 10.1002/ps.7846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diseases caused by Fusarium pathogens lead to significant yield losses on many economically important crops. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the antagonistic capability and chemical profile of the bioagent Trichoderma asperellum against several Fusarium strains. The efficacy of this strain in reducing Fusarium-root rot disease in dry bean was also examined. RESULTS The T. asperellum strain was identified based on sequencing the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and tef1 gen regions of ribosomal DNA. Dual cultural assay demonstrated their antagonistic activity against the studied Fusarium strains due to the probable combination of competition, mycoparasitism and antibiosis. This strain was positive for cellulase, chitinase and protease activity. The crude extracts of T. asperellum significantly suppressed the growth of the tested Fusarium strains with inhibition zone values ranging from 7.3 to 19.7 mm and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values ranging from 0.15 to 1.42 mg mL-1 . The gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis of cell free supernatant and mycelial biomass of T. asperellum showed the presence of 27 and 21 compounds, respectively. The main compounds responsible for the bioactivity were butylated hydroxytoluene, hexadecanoic acid, 9-octadecenoic acid, ergosterol and hexadecanoic acid, ethyl ester. Trichoderma asperellum significantly increased plant emergence and reduced root rot caused by Fusarium solani in dry bean grown under glasshouse and field trials. Further, plant biomass and dry bean yield were higher in T. asperellum-treated plants than in control plants. CONCLUSION Trichoderma asperellum was highly effective, through various mechanisms, against Fusarium strains especially F. solani which causes root rot in dry bean. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Diaa Attia Marrez
- Food Toxicology and Contaminants Department, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
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Zhang K, Liang J, Zhang B, Huang L, Yu J, Xiao X, He Z, Tao H, Yuan J. A Marine Natural Product, Harzianopyridone, as an Anti-ZIKV Agent by Targeting RNA-Dependent RNA Polymerase. Molecules 2024; 29:978. [PMID: 38474490 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29050978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The Zika virus (ZIKV) is a mosquito-borne virus that already poses a danger to worldwide human health. Patients infected with ZIKV generally have mild symptoms like a low-grade fever and joint pain. However, severe symptoms can also occur, such as Guillain-Barré syndrome, neuropathy, and myelitis. Pregnant women infected with ZIKV may also cause microcephaly in newborns. To date, we still lack conventional antiviral drugs to treat ZIKV infections. Marine natural products have novel structures and diverse biological activities. They have been discovered to have antibacterial, antiviral, anticancer, and other therapeutic effects. Therefore, marine products are important resources for compounds for innovative medicines. In this study, we identified a marine natural product, harzianopyridone (HAR), that could inhibit ZIKV replication with EC50 values from 0.46 to 2.63 µM while not showing obvious cytotoxicity in multiple cellular models (CC50 > 45 µM). Further, it also reduced the expression of viral proteins and protected cells from viral infection. More importantly, we found that HAR directly bound to the ZIKV RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) and suppressed its polymerase activity. Collectively, our findings provide HAR as an option for the development of anti-ZIKV drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kexin Zhang
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control (Sun Yat-sen University), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Jingyao Liang
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control (Sun Yat-sen University), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Bingzhi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control (Sun Yat-sen University), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou 510080, China
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Lishan Huang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Jianchen Yu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control (Sun Yat-sen University), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou 510080, China
- Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Xuhan Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control (Sun Yat-sen University), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou 510080, China
- Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Zhenjian He
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control (Sun Yat-sen University), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Huaming Tao
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Jie Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control (Sun Yat-sen University), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou 510080, China
- Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
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Xing M, Sun T, Liu T, Jiang Z, Xi P. Effectiveness of Volatiles Emitted by Streptomyces abikoensis TJGA-19 for Managing Litchi Downy Blight Disease. Microorganisms 2024; 12:184. [PMID: 38258010 PMCID: PMC10818274 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12010184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 01/13/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Litchi is a fruit of significant commercial value; however, its quality and yield are hindered by downy blight disease caused by Peronophythora litchii. In this study, volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from Streptomyces abikoensis TJGA-19 were investigated for their antifungal effects and studied in vitro and in planta for the suppression of litchi downy blight disease in litchi leaves and fruits. The growth of P. litchii was inhibited by VOCs produced by TJGA-19 cultivated on autoclaved wheat seeds for durations of 10, 20, or 30 days. Volatiles from 20-day-old cultures were more active in inhibition effect against P. litchii than those from 10- or 30-day-old cultures. These volatiles inhibit the growth of mycelia, sporulation, and oospore production, without any significant effect on sporangia germination. Additionally, the VOCs were effective in suppressing disease severity in detached litchi leaf and fruit infection assays. With the increase in the weight of the wheat seed culture of S.abikoensis TJGA-19, the diameters of disease spots on leaves, as well as the incidence rate and disease indices on fruits, decreased significantly. Microscopic results from SEM and TEM investigations showed abnormal morphology of sporangia, mycelia, and sporangiophores, as well as organelle damage in P. litchii caused by VOCs of TJGA-19. Spectroscopic analysis revealed the identification of 22 VOCs produced by TJGA-19, among which the most dominant compound was 2-Methyliborneol. These findings indicated the significant role of TJGA-19 compounds in the control of litchi downy blight disease and in improving fruit quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengyu Xing
- Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control of Tropical Diseases and Pests, Ministry of Education, School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; (M.X.); (T.S.); (T.L.)
| | - Tao Sun
- Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control of Tropical Diseases and Pests, Ministry of Education, School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; (M.X.); (T.S.); (T.L.)
| | - Tong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control of Tropical Diseases and Pests, Ministry of Education, School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; (M.X.); (T.S.); (T.L.)
| | - Zide Jiang
- Department of Plant Pathology/Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China;
| | - Pinggen Xi
- Department of Plant Pathology/Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China;
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Neuhoff D, Neumann G, Weinmann M. Testing plant growth promoting microorganisms in the field - a proposal for standards. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 14:1324665. [PMID: 38293625 PMCID: PMC10824932 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1324665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
In the European Union and worldwide there are a burgeoning markets for plant growth promoting microorganisms (PGPM) and other biological agents as soil improvers, bio-fertilizers, plant bio-stimulants, and biological control agents or bio-pesticides. Microbial agents have a major share in this development. The use of such products is often advertised with the promise of contributing to sustainable agricultural practices by increasing crop growth and yield and offering an alternative or substitute to decrease the dependency of agriculture on hazardeous agrochemicals. In contrast to registered microbial plant protection products, PGPM that are marketed in the EU as soil improvers or plant biostimulants, are not strictly required to have proven minimum efficacy levels under field conditions. Manufacturers only have to ensure that these products do not pose unacceptable risks to human, animal or plant health, safety or the environment. Uniform guidelines comparable to the EPPO - standards (European and Mediterranean Plant Protection Organisation) to test the efficacy in field trials are not available. This paper attempts to fill the gap. It proposes guidelines for PGPM field trial design and implementation, as well as recommendations for the type and scope of data collection and evaluation. Selected research papers from literature were evaluated to analyze, whether and to what extent the requirements are already met. The majority of the papers had a clear experimental design followed by proper data evaluation. Frequent deficiencies were the low number of tested environments and crop species, insufficient site and agronomic management description and missing data on soil humidity and temperature. Using the suggested standards is assumed to increase the expressive power of tested microbial products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Neuhoff
- Department Agroecology & Organic Farming, Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Günter Neumann
- Department of Nutritional Crop Physiology (340h), Institute of Crop Science, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Markus Weinmann
- Department of Nutritional Crop Physiology (340h), Institute of Crop Science, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany
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10
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Peng W, Huang Q, Ke X, Wang W, Chen Y, Sang Z, Chen C, Qin S, Zheng Y, Tan H, Zou Z. Koningipyridines A and B, two nitrogen-containing polyketides from the fungus Trichoderma koningiopsis SC-5. NATURAL PRODUCTS AND BIOPROSPECTING 2024; 14:8. [PMID: 38206497 PMCID: PMC10784257 DOI: 10.1007/s13659-024-00429-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/01/2024] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
Two novel koninginin derivatives, koningipyridines A and B (1 and 2), along with four known compounds (3-6) were isolated from the EtOAc extract of the endophytic fungus Trichoderma koningiopsis SC-5. Among them, koningipyridine A featured an unprecedented pentacyclic ketal skeleton with the formation of a fascinating 6/6/5/6/5 fused ring system and shared a characteristic pyridine core, which represents the first example of nitrogen-containing koninginin-type natural product. Moreover, koningipyridine B was the first member in the koninginin family sharing a unique 6/6/5 dihydropyridine skeleton, and it was suggested to be the critical biosynthetic precursor of koningipyridine A. The structures of 1 and 2 were elucidated by the interpretation of 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopy, HRESIMS data, as well as theoretical calculations of 13C NMR and electronic circular dichroism (ECD). Moreover, all isolates were screened for antimicrobial activities against Staphylococcus aureus, MRSA, and Escherichia coli as well as the cytotoxic effects against three cancer cell lines (A549, Hela, and HepG2).
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Peng
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hunan Key Laboratory of Diagnostic and Therapeutic Drug Research for Chronic Diseases, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Plant Conservation and Utilization in Southern China, State Key Laboratory of Plant Diversity and Specialty Crops, Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Huang
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hunan Key Laboratory of Diagnostic and Therapeutic Drug Research for Chronic Diseases, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, People's Republic of China
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Ke
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hunan Key Laboratory of Diagnostic and Therapeutic Drug Research for Chronic Diseases, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Plant Conservation and Utilization in Southern China, State Key Laboratory of Plant Diversity and Specialty Crops, Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenxuan Wang
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hunan Key Laboratory of Diagnostic and Therapeutic Drug Research for Chronic Diseases, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Chen
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hunan Key Laboratory of Diagnostic and Therapeutic Drug Research for Chronic Diseases, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Plant Conservation and Utilization in Southern China, State Key Laboratory of Plant Diversity and Specialty Crops, Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, People's Republic of China
| | - Zihuan Sang
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hunan Key Laboratory of Diagnostic and Therapeutic Drug Research for Chronic Diseases, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Plant Conservation and Utilization in Southern China, State Key Laboratory of Plant Diversity and Specialty Crops, Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, People's Republic of China
| | - Chen Chen
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hunan Key Laboratory of Diagnostic and Therapeutic Drug Research for Chronic Diseases, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Plant Conservation and Utilization in Southern China, State Key Laboratory of Plant Diversity and Specialty Crops, Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, People's Republic of China
| | - Siyu Qin
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hunan Key Laboratory of Diagnostic and Therapeutic Drug Research for Chronic Diseases, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuting Zheng
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hunan Key Laboratory of Diagnostic and Therapeutic Drug Research for Chronic Diseases, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, People's Republic of China
| | - Haibo Tan
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hunan Key Laboratory of Diagnostic and Therapeutic Drug Research for Chronic Diseases, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, People's Republic of China.
- National Engineering Research Center of Navel Orange, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou, 341000, People's Republic of China.
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Plant Conservation and Utilization in Southern China, State Key Laboratory of Plant Diversity and Specialty Crops, Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zhenxing Zou
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hunan Key Laboratory of Diagnostic and Therapeutic Drug Research for Chronic Diseases, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, People's Republic of China.
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11
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Vinothini K, Nakkeeran S, Saranya N, Jothi P, Prabu G, Pavitra K, Afzal M. Metagenomic profiling of tomato rhizosphere delineates the diverse nature of uncultured microbes as influenced by Bacillus velezensis VB7 and Trichoderma koningiopsis TK towards the suppression of root-knot nematode under field conditions. 3 Biotech 2024; 14:2. [PMID: 38058363 PMCID: PMC10695903 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-023-03851-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The plant-parasitic Root Knot Nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.,) play a pivotal role to devastate vegetable crops across the globe. Considering the significance of plant-microbe interaction in the suppression of Root Knot Nematode, we investigated the diversity of microbiome associated with bioagents-treated and nematode-infected rhizosphere soil samples through metagenomics approach. The wide variety of organisms spread across different ecosystems showed the highest average abundance within each taxonomic level. In the rhizosphere, Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, and Actinobacteria were the dominant bacterial taxa, while Ascomycota, Basidiomycota, and Mucoromycota were prevalent among the fungal taxa. Regardless of the specific treatments, bacterial genera like Bacillus, Sphingomonas, and Pseudomonas were consistently found in high abundance. Shannon diversity index vividly ensured that, bacterial communities were maximum in B. velezensis VB7-treated soil (1.4-2.4), followed by Root Knot Nematode-associated soils (1.3-2.2), whereas richness was higher with Trichoderma konigiopsis TK drenched soils (1.3-2.0). The predominant occurrence of fungal genera such as Aspergillus Epicoccum, Choanephora, Alternaria and Thanatephorus habituate rhizosphere soils. Shannon index expressed the abundant richness of fungal species in treated samples (1.04-0.90). Further, refraction and species diversity curve also depicted a significant increase with maximum diversity of fungal species in B. velezensis VB7-treated soil than T. koningiopsis and nematode-infested soil. In field trial, bioagents-treated tomato plant (60% reduction of Meloidogyne incognita infection) had reduced gall index along with enhanced plant growth and increased fruit yield in comparison with the untreated plant. Hence, B. velezensis VB7 and T. koingiopsis can be well explored as an antinemic bioagents against RKN. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13205-023-03851-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- K. Vinothini
- Department of Plant Pathology, Centre for Plant Protection Studies, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu 641 003 India
| | - S. Nakkeeran
- Department of Plant Pathology, Centre for Plant Protection Studies, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu 641 003 India
| | - N. Saranya
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology and Bioinformatics, Centre for Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu 641 003 India
| | - P. Jothi
- Department of Nematology, Centre for Plant Protection Studies, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu 641 003 India
| | - G. Prabu
- Director, Syngenome (OPC) Private Limited, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu 641 003 India
| | - K. Pavitra
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology and Bioinformatics, Centre for Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu 641 003 India
| | - Mohd Afzal
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, 11451 Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Waqar S, Bhat AA, Khan AA. Endophytic fungi: Unravelling plant-endophyte interaction and the multifaceted role of fungal endophytes in stress amelioration. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 206:108174. [PMID: 38070242 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2023.108174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Abstract
Endophytic fungi colonize interior plant tissue and mostly form mutualistic associations with their host plant. Plant-endophyte interaction is a complex mechanism and is currently a focus of research to understand the underlying mechanism of endophyte asymptomatic colonization, the process of evading plant immune response, modulation of gene expression, and establishment of a balanced mutualistic relationship. Fungal endophytes rely on plant hosts for nutrients, shelter, and transmission and improve the host plant's tolerance against biotic stresses, including -herbivores, nematodes, bacterial, fungal, viral, nematode, and other phytopathogens. Endophytic fungi have been reported to improve plant health by reducing and eradicating the harmful effect of phytopathogens through competition for space or nutrients, mycoparasitism, and through direct or indirect defense systems by producing secondary metabolites as well as by induced systemic resistance (ISR). Additionally, for efficient crop improvement, practicing them would be a fruitful step for a sustainable approach. This review article summarizes the current research progress in plant-endophyte interaction and the fungal endophyte mechanism to overcome host defense responses, their subsequent colonization, and the establishment of a balanced mutualistic interaction with host plants. This review also highlighted the potential of fungal endophytes in the amelioration of biotic stress. We have also discussed the relevance of various bioactive compounds possessing antimicrobial potential against a variety of agricultural pathogens. Furthermore, endophyte-mediated ISR is also emphasized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Waqar
- Section of Environmental Botany and Plant Pathology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202002, India.
| | - Adil Ameen Bhat
- Section of Environmental Botany and Plant Pathology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202002, India.
| | - Abrar Ahmad Khan
- Section of Environmental Botany and Plant Pathology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202002, India.
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13
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Beccari G, Tini F, Jørgensen HJL. Editorial: Current advances in the metabolism of mycotoxins in plants. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1343855. [PMID: 38111877 PMCID: PMC10726963 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1343855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Beccari
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Francesco Tini
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Hans J. L. Jørgensen
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
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14
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López-Calva VL, de Jesús Huerta-García A, Téllez-Jurado A, Mercado-Flores Y, Anducho-Reyes MA. Isolation and selection of autochthonous strains of Trichoderma spp. with inhibitory activity against Sporisorium reilianum. Braz J Microbiol 2023; 54:3173-3185. [PMID: 37831329 PMCID: PMC10689304 DOI: 10.1007/s42770-023-01142-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Head smut is a worldwide disease caused by the fungus Sporisorium reilianum. In Mexico, this phytosanitary problem has been described in the central part of the country, specifically in the Mezquital Valley in the state of Hidalgo, where this basidiomycete causes significant economic losses. In this work, seven strains of Trichoderma spp. were isolated from corn rhizospheres collected from crops in the affected zone. The isolates were identified as Trichoderma asperellum MH1, T. asperellum T4H1, T. harzianum T1H1, T. harzianum T1H3, T. atrobrunneum T1H2, T. tomentosum T2H4, and T. brevicompactum T3H1. All strains showed the ability to grow on the phytopathogen but with distinct degrees of mycoparasitism. SEM observations demonstrated the ability of T. asperellum T4H1 to invade the S. reilianum yeast growth. All the strains produced volatile compounds with antifungal activity. With the exception of T. asperellum MH1, all strains inhibited the development of the pathogen by means of non-volatile compounds. Production of the extracellular enzymes (lipase, cellulase, chitinase, protease, and laccase) was evaluated, with most strains presenting high lipolytic activity and low proteolytic activity. The production of cellulase and chitinase was observed only in five strains. Laccase production was found in three isolates. Evaluations at the greenhouse of the sequential application of three mixtures of the isolates were conducted in a greenhouse; findings showed that the phytopathogen was not detected by specific PCR in the plants that received the treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Verónica Lizbeth López-Calva
- Universidad Politécnica de Pachuca, Carretera Pachuca-Cd. Sahagún, km 20, Ex-Hacienda de Santa Bárbara, Zempoala Hidalgo, 43830, México
| | - Antonio de Jesús Huerta-García
- Universidad Politécnica de Pachuca, Carretera Pachuca-Cd. Sahagún, km 20, Ex-Hacienda de Santa Bárbara, Zempoala Hidalgo, 43830, México
| | - Alejandro Téllez-Jurado
- Universidad Politécnica de Pachuca, Carretera Pachuca-Cd. Sahagún, km 20, Ex-Hacienda de Santa Bárbara, Zempoala Hidalgo, 43830, México
| | - Yuridia Mercado-Flores
- Universidad Politécnica de Pachuca, Carretera Pachuca-Cd. Sahagún, km 20, Ex-Hacienda de Santa Bárbara, Zempoala Hidalgo, 43830, México.
| | - Miguel Angel Anducho-Reyes
- Universidad Politécnica de Pachuca, Carretera Pachuca-Cd. Sahagún, km 20, Ex-Hacienda de Santa Bárbara, Zempoala Hidalgo, 43830, México
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15
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Sipriyadi S, Khairina Y, Masrukhin M, Yulandi A, Wibowo RH, Nisa DT. Bacterial community structure in the rhizosphere of fungi-infected Amorphophallus titanum. Can J Microbiol 2023; 69:439-448. [PMID: 37364294 DOI: 10.1139/cjm-2022-0256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
The rhizosphere is a narrow soil area directly affected by plant root exudates. Microbes inhabiting the rhizosphere have been widely studied for their beneficial effects on plant nutrition, growth, and disease prevention. Many factors affect the rhizosphere microbial composition, including plant pathogen infection. Here, we analyzed the bacterial community structure in the rhizosphere of fungi-infected Amorphophallus titanum. Soil samples were collected from rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere areas of fungi-infected A. titanum. The 16S metagenomic analysis was conducted to investigate the bacterial community of the samples by amplifying the V3-V4 region. The results showed that the phylum Firmicutes was prevalent in the rhizosphere, whereas the phyla Proteobacteria, Acidobacteria, and Actinobacteria were limited. Some major fungal genera were isolated from infected tubers and rhizosphere soil of A. titanum, including Trichoderma sp., Aspergillus sp., Perenniporia sp., and Cerrena sp. The fungal-isolate Aspergillus spp. is a well-known agricultural pest in several reports. While Cerrena sp. was reported to be pathogenic in plants, including the family of Arecaceae. Overall, the data revealed a potential relationship between fungal infections and the dominant bacterial community in the rhizosphere of A. titanum. Additionally, this research may contribute to the development of microbe-based technology to mitigate diseases in A. titanum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sipriyadi Sipriyadi
- Department of Biology. Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Bengkulu University, Bengkulu, Indonesia
| | - Yeni Khairina
- Research Center for Applied Microbiology, National Research and Innovation Agency, Jl. Raya Jakarta-Bogor Km 46, Cibinong 16911, Indonesia
| | - Masrukhin Masrukhin
- Research Center for Biosystematics and Evolution, National Research and Innovation Agency, Jl. Raya Jakarta-Bogor Km 46, Cibinong 16911, Indonesia
| | - Adi Yulandi
- Faculty of Biotechnology, Atma Jaya Catholic University of Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Risky Hadi Wibowo
- Department of Biology. Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Bengkulu University, Bengkulu, Indonesia
| | - Dhiatama Tauhida Nisa
- Department of Biology. Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Bengkulu University, Bengkulu, Indonesia
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Rocha F, Nunes Calumby RJ, Svetaz L, Sortino M, Teixeira Ribeiro Vidigal MC, Campos-Bermudez VA, Rius SP. Effects of Larrea nitida nanodispersions on the growth inhibition of phytopathogens. AMB Express 2023; 13:98. [PMID: 37735315 PMCID: PMC10514021 DOI: 10.1186/s13568-023-01605-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Larrea nitida Cav. (Zygophyllaceae) is a plant endemic to Argentina and Chile, and its extract has been studied over the last years due to the presence of antimicrobial agents that can be used to control the growth of some pathogens in agriculture. However, the extract is highly hydrophobic, which strongly affects its fungicidal activity in aqueous media. In this sense, the solid dispersion technique was used to produce L. nitida extract nanodispersions with polyethylene glycol (PLE) and with polyethylene glycol and zinc acetate (PZLE). In order to further evaluate the activity of the extract in PLE and PZLE, blank nanodispersions containing only polyethylene glycol (PEG) and zinc acetate (PZ) without the addition of the extract were also produced. The fungicidal activity of the water-soluble nanoparticles was evaluated at different concentrations (0.037-0.110 g.mL-1). In general, the nanoparticles were successfully produced on a nanometric size and presented a significant inhibitory activity on the growth of the pathogens Fusarium oxysporum and Fusarium verticillioides in aqueous media. Compared to PLE, PZLE presented increased fungistatic activity, possibly due to their increased solubility in water. Even though their application in agriculture should be further investigated, the nanodispersions present great potential to be applied as a green biotechnological tool.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felipe Rocha
- Centro de Estudios Fotosintéticos y Bioquímicos (CEFOBI-CONICET), Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Suipacha 531, S2002LRK, Rosario, Argentina
| | - Rodrigo José Nunes Calumby
- Centro de Estudios Fotosintéticos y Bioquímicos (CEFOBI-CONICET), Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Suipacha 531, S2002LRK, Rosario, Argentina
| | - Laura Svetaz
- Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Farmacognosia, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Suipacha 531, CP 2000, Rosario, Argentina
| | - Maximiliano Sortino
- Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Farmacognosia, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Suipacha 531, CP 2000, Rosario, Argentina
| | | | - Valeria Alina Campos-Bermudez
- Centro de Estudios Fotosintéticos y Bioquímicos (CEFOBI-CONICET), Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Suipacha 531, S2002LRK, Rosario, Argentina.
| | - Sebastián Pablo Rius
- Centro de Estudios Fotosintéticos y Bioquímicos (CEFOBI-CONICET), Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Suipacha 531, S2002LRK, Rosario, Argentina.
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Guo Q, Shi L, Wang X, Li D, Yin Z, Zhang J, Ding G, Chen L. Structures and Biological Activities of Secondary Metabolites from the Trichoderma genus (Covering 2018-2022). JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:13612-13632. [PMID: 37684097 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c04540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Abstract
Trichoderma, a genus with more than 400 species, has a long history of use as an industrial bioreactor, biofertilizer, and biocontrol agent. It is considered a significant source of secondary metabolites (SMs) that possess unique structural features and a wide range of bioactivities. In recent years, numerous secondary metabolites of Trichoderma, including terpenoids, polyketides, peptides, alkaloids, and steroids, have been identified. Most of these SMs displayed antimicrobial, cytotoxic, and antifungal effects. This review focuses on the structural diversity, biological activities, and structure-activity relationships (SARs) of the SMs isolated from Trichoderma covered from 2018 to 2022. This study provides insights into the exploration and utilization of bioactive compounds from Trichoderma species in the agriculture or pharmaceutical industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingfeng Guo
- Henan Comprehensive Utilization of Edible and Medicinal Plant Resources Engineering Technology Research Center, Zhengzhou Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology of Natural Products, Huanghe Science and Technology College, Zhengzhou 450063, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Shi
- Henan Comprehensive Utilization of Edible and Medicinal Plant Resources Engineering Technology Research Center, Zhengzhou Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology of Natural Products, Huanghe Science and Technology College, Zhengzhou 450063, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinyang Wang
- Henan Comprehensive Utilization of Edible and Medicinal Plant Resources Engineering Technology Research Center, Zhengzhou Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology of Natural Products, Huanghe Science and Technology College, Zhengzhou 450063, People's Republic of China
- Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, People's Republic of China
| | - Dandan Li
- Henan Comprehensive Utilization of Edible and Medicinal Plant Resources Engineering Technology Research Center, Zhengzhou Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology of Natural Products, Huanghe Science and Technology College, Zhengzhou 450063, People's Republic of China
- Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenhua Yin
- Henan Comprehensive Utilization of Edible and Medicinal Plant Resources Engineering Technology Research Center, Zhengzhou Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology of Natural Products, Huanghe Science and Technology College, Zhengzhou 450063, People's Republic of China
| | - Juanjuan Zhang
- Henan Comprehensive Utilization of Edible and Medicinal Plant Resources Engineering Technology Research Center, Zhengzhou Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology of Natural Products, Huanghe Science and Technology College, Zhengzhou 450063, People's Republic of China
| | - Gang Ding
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Lin Chen
- Henan Comprehensive Utilization of Edible and Medicinal Plant Resources Engineering Technology Research Center, Zhengzhou Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology of Natural Products, Huanghe Science and Technology College, Zhengzhou 450063, People's Republic of China
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Abstract
Plant disease control requires novel approaches to mitigate the spread of and losses caused by current, emerging, and re-emerging diseases and to adapt plant protection to global climate change and the restrictions on the use of conventional pesticides. Currently, disease management relies mainly on biopesticides, which are required for the sustainable use of plant-protection products. Functional peptides are candidate biopesticides because they originate from living organisms or are synthetic analogs and provide novel mechanisms of action against plant pathogens. Hundreds of compounds exist that cover an extensive range of activities against viruses, bacteria and phytoplasmas, fungi and oomycetes, and nematodes. Natural sources, chemical synthesis, and biotechnological platforms may provide peptides at large scale for the industry and growers. The main challenges for their use in plant disease protection are (a) the requirement of stability in the plant environment and counteracting resistance in pathogen populations, (b) the need to develop suitable formulations to increase their shelf life and methods of application, (c) the selection of compounds with acceptable toxicological profiles, and (d) the high cost of production for agricultural purposes. In the near future, it is expected that several functional peptides will be commercially available for plant disease control, but more effort is needed to validate their efficacy at the field level and fulfill the requirements of the regulatory framework.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilio Montesinos
- Institute of Food and Agricultural Technology, Plant Pathology-CIDSAV, University of Girona, Girona, Spain;
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19
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Giehl A, dos Santos AA, Cadamuro RD, Tadioto V, Guterres IZ, Prá Zuchi ID, Minussi GDA, Fongaro G, Silva IT, Alves SL. Biochemical and Biotechnological Insights into Fungus-Plant Interactions for Enhanced Sustainable Agricultural and Industrial Processes. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:2688. [PMID: 37514302 PMCID: PMC10385130 DOI: 10.3390/plants12142688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Revised: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
The literature is full of studies reporting environmental and health issues related to using traditional pesticides in food production and storage. Fortunately, alternatives have arisen in the last few decades, showing that organic agriculture is possible and economically feasible. And in this scenario, fungi may be helpful. In the natural environment, when associated with plants, these microorganisms offer plant-growth-promoting molecules, facilitate plant nutrient uptake, and antagonize phytopathogens. It is true that fungi can also be phytopathogenic, but even they can benefit agriculture in some way-since pathogenicity is species-specific, these fungi are shown to be useful against weeds (as bioherbicides). Finally, plant-associated yeasts and molds are natural biofactories, and the metabolites they produce while dwelling in leaves, flowers, roots, or the rhizosphere have the potential to be employed in different industrial activities. By addressing all these subjects, this manuscript comprehensively reviews the biotechnological uses of plant-associated fungi and, in addition, aims to sensitize academics, researchers, and investors to new alternatives for healthier and more environmentally friendly production processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anderson Giehl
- Laboratory of Yeast Biochemistry, Federal University of Fronteira Sul, Chapecó 89815-899, SC, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Biotechnology and Biosciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis 88040-900, SC, Brazil
| | - Angela Alves dos Santos
- Laboratory of Yeast Biochemistry, Federal University of Fronteira Sul, Chapecó 89815-899, SC, Brazil
| | - Rafael Dorighello Cadamuro
- Graduate Program in Biotechnology and Biosciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis 88040-900, SC, Brazil
- Laboratory of Applied Virology, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis 88040-900, SC, Brazil
| | - Viviani Tadioto
- Laboratory of Yeast Biochemistry, Federal University of Fronteira Sul, Chapecó 89815-899, SC, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Biotechnology and Biosciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis 88040-900, SC, Brazil
- Laboratory of Applied Virology, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis 88040-900, SC, Brazil
| | - Iara Zanella Guterres
- Laboratory of Applied Virology, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis 88040-900, SC, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Pharmacy, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis 88040-900, SC, Brazil
| | - Isabella Dai Prá Zuchi
- Laboratory of Applied Virology, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis 88040-900, SC, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Pharmacy, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis 88040-900, SC, Brazil
| | - Gabriel do Amaral Minussi
- Laboratory of Yeast Biochemistry, Federal University of Fronteira Sul, Chapecó 89815-899, SC, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Environment and Sustainable Technologies, Federal University of Fronteira Sul, Cerro Largo 97900-000, RS, Brazil
| | - Gislaine Fongaro
- Graduate Program in Biotechnology and Biosciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis 88040-900, SC, Brazil
- Laboratory of Applied Virology, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis 88040-900, SC, Brazil
| | - Izabella Thais Silva
- Graduate Program in Biotechnology and Biosciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis 88040-900, SC, Brazil
- Laboratory of Applied Virology, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis 88040-900, SC, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Pharmacy, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis 88040-900, SC, Brazil
| | - Sergio Luiz Alves
- Laboratory of Yeast Biochemistry, Federal University of Fronteira Sul, Chapecó 89815-899, SC, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Biotechnology and Biosciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis 88040-900, SC, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Environment and Sustainable Technologies, Federal University of Fronteira Sul, Cerro Largo 97900-000, RS, Brazil
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Lakhdari W, Benyahia I, Bouhenna MM, Bendif H, Khelafi H, Bachir H, Ladjal A, Hammi H, Mouhoubi D, Khelil H, Alomar TS, AlMasoud N, Boufafa N, Boufahja F, Dehliz A. Exploration and Evaluation of Secondary Metabolites from Trichoderma harzianum: GC-MS Analysis, Phytochemical Profiling, Antifungal and Antioxidant Activity Assessment. Molecules 2023; 28:5025. [PMID: 37446686 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28135025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2023] [Revised: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, we investigated in vitro the potential of Trichoderma harzianum to produce bioactive secondary metabolites that can be used as alternatives to synthetic compounds. The study focused on analyzing two extracts of T. harzianum using ethyl acetate and n-butanol solvents with different polarities. The extracts were examined using phytochemical analysis to determine the content of polyphenols, flavonoids, tannins, and alkaloids. Thin-layer chromatography (TLC) and Gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (GC-MS) analysis were used to profile volatile organic metabolites (VOCs) present in the extracts. Furthermore, the extracts were tested for their antifungal ability using the poison food technique. For measuring antioxidant activity, the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH) test was used. Trichoderma harzianum was shown to have a significantly high content of tannins and alkaloids, with a noticeable difference between the two extracts. GC-MS analysis identified 33 potential compounds with numerous benefits that could be used in agriculture and the medicinal industry. Moreover, strong antifungal activity was identified against Sclerotinia sclerotiorum by 94.44%, Alternaria sp. by 77.04%, and Fusarium solani by 51.48; similarly, the IC50 of antioxidant activity was estimated for ethyl acetate extract by 71.47% and n-butanol extract by 56.01%. This leads to the conclusion that Trichoderma harzianum VOCs play a significant role as an antifungal and antioxidant agent when taking into account the advantageous bioactive chemicals noted in the extracts. However, to our knowledge, this is the first study in Algeria presenting detailed phytochemical analysis and GC-MS profiling of Trichoderma harzianum for two extracts, ethyl acetate and n-butanol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wassima Lakhdari
- National Institute of Agronomic Research of Algeria, Touggourt 30200, Algeria
- Valcore Laboratory, Biology Department, Faculty of Life and Nature Sciences, University of Boumerdes, Boumerdes 35000, Algeria
| | - Ibtissem Benyahia
- Laboratory of Biogeochemistry and Desert Environments, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Material Sciences, University of Kasdi Merbah, Ouargla 30000, Algeria
| | - Mustapha Mounir Bouhenna
- Scientific and Technical Center of Research in Physical and Chemical Analysis (CRAPC), Bou-Ismail 42004, Algeria
| | - Hamdi Bendif
- Department of Natural and Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of M'sila, M'sila 28000, Algeria
| | - Hafida Khelafi
- Valcore Laboratory, Biology Department, Faculty of Life and Nature Sciences, University of Boumerdes, Boumerdes 35000, Algeria
| | - Hakim Bachir
- Division of Hydraulic and Bioclimatology, National Institute of Agronomic Research (INRA), Algers 16000, Algeria
| | - Amel Ladjal
- Valcore Laboratory, Biology Department, Faculty of Life and Nature Sciences, University of Boumerdes, Boumerdes 35000, Algeria
| | - Hamida Hammi
- National Institute of Agronomic Research of Algeria, Touggourt 30200, Algeria
| | | | | | - Taghrid S Alomar
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84427, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Najla AlMasoud
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84427, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Fehmi Boufahja
- Biology Department, College of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh 11623, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abderrahmene Dehliz
- National Institute of Agronomic Research of Algeria, Touggourt 30200, Algeria
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21
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Rojas Moreno MM, González-Pérez E, Rodríguez-Hernandez AA, Ortega-Amaro MA, Becerra-Flora A, Serrano M, Jiménez-Bremont JF. Expression of EPL1 from Trichoderma atroviride in Arabidopsis Confers Resistance to Bacterial and Fungal Pathogens. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:2443. [PMID: 37447005 DOI: 10.3390/plants12132443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2023] [Revised: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
During plant interaction with beneficial microorganisms, fungi secrete a battery of elicitors that trigger plant defenses against pathogenic microorganisms. Among the elicitor molecules secreted by Trichoderma are cerato-platanin proteins, such as EPL1, from Trichoderma atroviride. In this study, Arabidopsis thaliana plants that express the TaEPL1 gene were challenged with phytopathogens to evaluate whether expression of EPL1 confers increased resistance to the bacterial pathogen Pseudomonas syringae and the necrotrophic fungus Botrytis cinerea. Infection assays showed that Arabidopsis EPL1-2, EPL1-3, EPL1-4 expressing lines were more resistant to both pathogens in comparison to WT plants. After Pseudomonas syringae infection, there were reduced disease symptoms (e.g., small chlorotic spots) and low bacterial titers in the three 35S::TaEPL1 expression lines. Similarly; 35S::TaEPL1 expression lines were more resistant to Botrytis cinerea infection, showing smaller lesion size in comparison to WT. Interestingly, an increase in ROS levels was detected in 35S::TaEPL1 expression lines when compared to WT. A higher expression of SA- and JA-response genes occurred in the 35S::TaEPL1 lines, which could explain the resistance of these EPL1 expression lines to both pathogens. We propose that EPL1 is an excellent elicitor, which can be used to generate crops with improved resistance to broad-spectrum diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mónica Montserrat Rojas Moreno
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología Molecular de Plantas, División de Biología Molecular, Instituto Potosino de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica A.C., San Luis Potosí 78216, Mexico
| | - Enrique González-Pérez
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología Molecular de Plantas, División de Biología Molecular, Instituto Potosino de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica A.C., San Luis Potosí 78216, Mexico
| | - Aida Araceli Rodríguez-Hernandez
- CONAHCyT-Instituto Politécnico Nacional, CEPROBI, Km. 6.5 Carr. Yautepec-Jojutla Col. San Isidro, Calle CEPROBI No. 8, Yautepec 62739, Mexico
| | - María Azucena Ortega-Amaro
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología Molecular de Plantas, División de Biología Molecular, Instituto Potosino de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica A.C., San Luis Potosí 78216, Mexico
- Coordinación Académica Región Altiplano Oeste, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Salinas de Hidalgo 78290, Mexico
| | - Alicia Becerra-Flora
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología Molecular de Plantas, División de Biología Molecular, Instituto Potosino de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica A.C., San Luis Potosí 78216, Mexico
| | - Mario Serrano
- Centro de Ciencias Genómicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuernavaca 62210, Mexico
| | - Juan Francisco Jiménez-Bremont
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología Molecular de Plantas, División de Biología Molecular, Instituto Potosino de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica A.C., San Luis Potosí 78216, Mexico
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Ghoneem KM, Al-Askar AA, Saber WIA. A Simple Formula of the Endophytic Trichoderma viride, a Case Study for the Management of Rhizoctonia solani on the Common Bean. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:1358. [PMID: 37374140 DOI: 10.3390/life13061358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The utilization of beneficial endophytic microorganisms presents a promising and innovative strategy for attaining environmental sustainability and fostering development. The majority of microbial bioagents are unsuitable for preparation in a suitable granular formula, and few are prepared in complicated formulas. In this work, Trichoderma viride was simply prepared in a marketable granular formula to manage Rhizoctonia solani and improve common bean growth. The GC-MS analysis showed several antimicrobial compounds in the fungal filtrate. T. viride was able to suppress the phytopathogenic R. solani in the laboratory. The formula had up to 6 months of shelf-life viability. Under greenhouse conditions, the formula improved plant resistance against R. solani. Moreover, the vegetative plant growth and physiological performance (peroxidase, polyphenol, total phenols, phenylalanine ammonia-lyase, and photosynthetic pigments) of the common bean showed obvious promotion. The formula reduced the disease incidence by 82.68% and increased the yield by 69.28%. This work may be considered a step in the right direction for producing simple bioactive products on a large scale. Moreover, the study's findings suggest that this method can be considered a novel approach to enhancing plant growth and protection, in addition to reducing costs, improving handling and application, and maintaining fungal viability for enhancing plant growth and protecting against fungal infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khalid M Ghoneem
- Seed Pathology Research Department, Plant Pathology Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza 12619, Egypt
| | - Abdulaziz A Al-Askar
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - WesamEldin I A Saber
- Microbial Activity Unit, Microbiology Department, Soils, Water and Environment Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza 12619, Egypt
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Dutta P, Mahanta M, Singh SB, Thakuria D, Deb L, Kumari A, Upamanya GK, Boruah S, Dey U, Mishra AK, Vanlaltani L, VijayReddy D, Heisnam P, Pandey AK. Molecular interaction between plants and Trichoderma species against soil-borne plant pathogens. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1145715. [PMID: 37255560 PMCID: PMC10225716 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1145715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Trichoderma spp. (Hypocreales) are used worldwide as a lucrative biocontrol agent. The interactions of Trichoderma spp. with host plants and pathogens at a molecular level are important in understanding the various mechanisms adopted by the fungus to attain a close relationship with their plant host through superior antifungal/antimicrobial activity. When working in synchrony, mycoparasitism, antibiosis, competition, and the induction of a systemic acquired resistance (SAR)-like response are considered key factors in deciding the biocontrol potential of Trichoderma. Sucrose-rich root exudates of the host plant attract Trichoderma. The soluble secretome of Trichoderma plays a significant role in attachment to and penetration and colonization of plant roots, as well as modulating the mycoparasitic and antibiosis activity of Trichoderma. This review aims to gather information on how Trichoderma interacts with host plants and its role as a biocontrol agent of soil-borne phytopathogens, and to give a comprehensive account of the diverse molecular aspects of this interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pranab Dutta
- School of Crop Protection, College of Post Graduate Studies in Agricultural Sciences, Central Agricultural University (Imphal), Meghalaya, Imphal, India
| | - Madhusmita Mahanta
- School of Crop Protection, College of Post Graduate Studies in Agricultural Sciences, Central Agricultural University (Imphal), Meghalaya, Imphal, India
| | | | - Dwipendra Thakuria
- School of Natural Resource Management, College of Post Graduate Studies in Agricultural Sciences, Central Agricultural University (Imphal), Imphal, India
| | - Lipa Deb
- School of Crop Protection, College of Post Graduate Studies in Agricultural Sciences, Central Agricultural University (Imphal), Meghalaya, Imphal, India
| | - Arti Kumari
- School of Crop Protection, College of Post Graduate Studies in Agricultural Sciences, Central Agricultural University (Imphal), Meghalaya, Imphal, India
| | - Gunadhya K. Upamanya
- Sarat Chandra Singha (SCS) College of Agriculture, Assam Agricultural University (Jorhat), Dhubri, Assam, India
| | - Sarodee Boruah
- Krishi Vigyan Kendra (KVK)-Tinsukia, Assam Agricultural University (Jorhat), Tinsukia, Assam, India
| | - Utpal Dey
- Krishi Vigyan Kendra (KVK)-Sepahijala, Central Agricultural University (Imphal), Tripura, Sepahijala, India
| | - A. K. Mishra
- Department of Plant Pathology, Dr Rajendra Prasad Central Agricultural University, Bihar, Samastipur, India
| | - Lydia Vanlaltani
- School of Crop Protection, College of Post Graduate Studies in Agricultural Sciences, Central Agricultural University (Imphal), Meghalaya, Imphal, India
| | - Dumpapenchala VijayReddy
- School of Crop Protection, College of Post Graduate Studies in Agricultural Sciences, Central Agricultural University (Imphal), Meghalaya, Imphal, India
| | - Punabati Heisnam
- Department of Agronomy, Central Agricultural University (Imphal), Pasighat, India
| | - Abhay K. Pandey
- Department of Mycology and Microbiology, Tea Research Association, North Bengal Regional, R & D Center, Jalpaiguri, West Bengal, India
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Rosolen RR, Horta MAC, de Azevedo PHC, da Silva CC, Sforca DA, Goldman GH, de Souza AP. Whole-genome sequencing and comparative genomic analysis of potential biotechnological strains of Trichoderma harzianum, Trichoderma atroviride, and Trichoderma reesei. Mol Genet Genomics 2023; 298:735-754. [PMID: 37017807 DOI: 10.1007/s00438-023-02013-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 04/06/2023]
Abstract
Trichoderma atroviride and Trichoderma harzianum are widely used as commercial biocontrol agents against plant diseases. Recently, T. harzianum IOC-3844 (Th3844) and T. harzianum CBMAI-0179 (Th0179) demonstrated great potential in the enzymatic conversion of lignocellulose into fermentable sugars. Herein, we performed whole-genome sequencing and assembly of the Th3844 and Th0179 strains. To assess the genetic diversity within the genus Trichoderma, the results of both strains were compared with strains of T. atroviride CBMAI-00020 (Ta0020) and T. reesei CBMAI-0711 (Tr0711). The sequencing coverage value of all genomes evaluated in this study was higher than that of previously reported genomes for the same species of Trichoderma. The resulting assembly revealed total lengths of 40 Mb (Th3844), 39 Mb (Th0179), 36 Mb (Ta0020), and 32 Mb (Tr0711). A genome-wide phylogenetic analysis provided details on the relationships of the newly sequenced species with other Trichoderma species. Structural variants revealed genomic rearrangements among Th3844, Th0179, Ta0020, and Tr0711 relative to the T. reesei QM6a reference genome and showed the functional effects of such variants. In conclusion, the findings presented herein allow the visualization of genetic diversity in the evaluated strains and offer opportunities to explore such fungal genomes in future biotechnological and industrial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafaela Rossi Rosolen
- Center for Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering (CBMEG), University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Cidade Universitária Zeferino Vaz, Campinas, SP, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Genetics and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biology, UNICAMP, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Maria Augusta Crivelente Horta
- Center for Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering (CBMEG), University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Cidade Universitária Zeferino Vaz, Campinas, SP, Brazil
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Paulo Henrique Campiteli de Azevedo
- Center for Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering (CBMEG), University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Cidade Universitária Zeferino Vaz, Campinas, SP, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Genetics and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biology, UNICAMP, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Carla Cristina da Silva
- Center for Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering (CBMEG), University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Cidade Universitária Zeferino Vaz, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Danilo Augusto Sforca
- Center for Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering (CBMEG), University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Cidade Universitária Zeferino Vaz, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Gustavo Henrique Goldman
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Anete Pereira de Souza
- Center for Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering (CBMEG), University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Cidade Universitária Zeferino Vaz, Campinas, SP, Brazil.
- Department of Plant Biology, Institute of Biology, UNICAMP, Cidade Universitária Zeferino Vaz, Rua Monteiro Lobato, Campinas, SP, Brazil.
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25
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Santos M, Diánez F, Sánchez-Montesinos B, Huertas V, Moreno-Gavira A, Esteban García B, Garrido-Cárdenas JA, Gea FJ. Biocontrol of Diseases Caused by Phytophthora capsici and P. parasitica in Pepper Plants. J Fungi (Basel) 2023; 9:jof9030360. [PMID: 36983528 PMCID: PMC10051450 DOI: 10.3390/jof9030360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The main objective of this study was to evaluate the ability of Trichoderma aggressivum f. europaeum, T. longibrachiatum, Paecilomyces variotii, and T. saturnisporum as biological control agents (BCAs) against diseases caused by P. capsici and P. parasitica in pepper. For this purpose, their antagonistic activities were evaluated both in vitro and in vivo. We analysed the expression patterns of five defence related genes, CaBGLU, CaRGA1, CaBPR1, CaPTI1, and CaSAR8.2, in leaves. All BCAs showed a high in vitro antagonistic activity, significantly reducing the mycelial growth of P. capsici and P. parasitica. The treatments with T. aggressivum f. europaeum, T. longibrachiatum, and P. variotii substantially reduced the severity of the disease caused by P. capsici by 54, 76, and 70%, respectively, and of the disease caused by P. parasitica by 66, 55, and 64%, respectively. T. saturnisporum had the lowest values of disease reduction. Reinoculation with the four BCAs increased the control of both plant pathogens. Markedly different expression patterns were observed in the genes CaBGLU, CaRGA1, and CaSAR8.2. Based on the results, all four BCAs under study could be used as a biological alternative to chemicals for the control of P. capsici and P. parasitica in pepper with a high success rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mila Santos
- Departamento de Agronomía, Escuela Superior de Ingeniería, Universidad de Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-628188339
| | - Fernando Diánez
- Departamento de Agronomía, Escuela Superior de Ingeniería, Universidad de Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain
| | - Brenda Sánchez-Montesinos
- Departamento de Agronomía, División Ciencias de la Vida, Campus Irapuato-Salamanca, Universidad de Guanajuato, Irapuato 36500, Guanajuato, Mexico
| | - Victoria Huertas
- Departamento de Agronomía, Escuela Superior de Ingeniería, Universidad de Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain
| | - Alejandro Moreno-Gavira
- Departamento de Agronomía, Escuela Superior de Ingeniería, Universidad de Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain
| | - Belén Esteban García
- Departamento de Biología y Geología, Edificio CITE IIB, Universidad de Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain
| | - José A. Garrido-Cárdenas
- Departamento de Biología y Geología, Edificio CITE IIB, Universidad de Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain
| | - Francisco J. Gea
- Centro de Investigación, Experimentación y Servicios del Champiñón (CIES), Quintanar del Rey, 16220 Cuenca, Spain
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26
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A Salt-Tolerant Strain of Trichoderma longibrachiatum HL167 Is Effective in Alleviating Salt Stress, Promoting Plant Growth, and Managing Fusarium Wilt Disease in Cowpea. J Fungi (Basel) 2023; 9:jof9030304. [PMID: 36983472 PMCID: PMC10052927 DOI: 10.3390/jof9030304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2022] [Revised: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Salt stress is a constraint factor in agricultural production and restricts crops yield and quality. In this study, a salt-tolerant strain of Trichoderma longibrachiatum HL167 was obtained from 64 isolates showing significant salt tolerance and antagonistic activity to Fusarium oxysporum. T. longibrachiatum HL167 inhibited F. oxysporum at a rate of 68.08% in 200 mM NaCl, penetrated F. oxysporum under 200 mM NaCl, and eventually induced F. oxysporum hyphae breaking, according to electron microscope observations. In the pot experiment, pretreatment of cowpea seedlings with T. longibrachiatum HL167 reduced the accumulation level of ROS in tissues and the damage caused by salt stress. Furthermore, in the field experiment, it was discovered that treating cowpea with T. longibrachiatum HL167 before root inoculation with F. oxysporum can successfully prevent and control the development of cowpea Fusarium wilt, with the best control effect reaching 61.54%. Moreover, the application of HL 167 also improved the K+/Na+ ratio of cowpea, alleviated the ion toxicity of salt stress on cowpea, and HL167 was found to effectively colonize the cowpea roots. T. longibrachiatum HL167, which normally survives in saline–alkali environments and has the functions of disease prevention and plant growth promotion capabilities, has important research implications for improving the saline–alkali soil environment and for the sustainable development of green agriculture.
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Guzmán-Guzmán P, Kumar A, de los Santos-Villalobos S, Parra-Cota FI, Orozco-Mosqueda MDC, Fadiji AE, Hyder S, Babalola OO, Santoyo G. Trichoderma Species: Our Best Fungal Allies in the Biocontrol of Plant Diseases-A Review. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:plants12030432. [PMID: 36771517 PMCID: PMC9921048 DOI: 10.3390/plants12030432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 01/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Biocontrol agents (BCA) have been an important tool in agriculture to prevent crop losses due to plant pathogens infections and to increase plant food production globally, diminishing the necessity for chemical pesticides and fertilizers and offering a more sustainable and environmentally friendly option. Fungi from the genus Trichoderma are among the most used and studied microorganisms as BCA due to the variety of biocontrol traits, such as parasitism, antibiosis, secondary metabolites (SM) production, and plant defense system induction. Several Trichoderma species are well-known mycoparasites. However, some of those species can antagonize other organisms such as nematodes and plant pests, making this fungus a very versatile BCA. Trichoderma has been used in agriculture as part of innovative bioformulations, either just Trichoderma species or in combination with other plant-beneficial microbes, such as plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB). Here, we review the most recent literature regarding the biocontrol studies about six of the most used Trichoderma species, T. atroviride, T. harzianum, T. asperellum, T. virens, T. longibrachiatum, and T. viride, highlighting their biocontrol traits and the use of these fungal genera in Trichoderma-based formulations to control or prevent plant diseases, and their importance as a substitute for chemical pesticides and fertilizers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulina Guzmán-Guzmán
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químico-Biológicas, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Morelia 58030, Mexico
| | - Ajay Kumar
- Department of Postharvest Science, ARO, Volcani Center, Bet Dagan 50250, Israel
| | | | - Fannie I. Parra-Cota
- Campo Experimental Norman E. Borlaug, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agrícolas y Pecuarias (INIFAP), Ciudad Obregón 85000, Mexico
| | | | - Ayomide Emmanuel Fadiji
- Food Security and Safety Focus Area, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, North-West University, Private Bag X2046, Mmabatho 2735, South Africa
| | - Sajjad Hyder
- Department of Botany, Government College Women University Sialkot, Sialkot 51310, Pakistan
| | - Olubukola Oluranti Babalola
- Food Security and Safety Focus Area, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, North-West University, Private Bag X2046, Mmabatho 2735, South Africa
| | - Gustavo Santoyo
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químico-Biológicas, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Morelia 58030, Mexico
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Maria SB, Krystyna P, Monika L, Aleksandra J, Patrycja T, Kornelia K, Aleksandra BB, Joanna Ś, Piotr J, Katarzyna P, Agnieszka K. Natural compounds derived from Brassicaceae plants as an alternative to synthetic fungicides and their influence on soil fungus diversity. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2023; 103:317-327. [PMID: 35866526 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.12143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Revised: 06/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The study aimed to develop a new formulation based on active substances of natural origin to protect plant seedlings against fungal pathogens, and to evaluate the effect of this formulation on fungal communities in arable soil. RESULTS Coating seeds of common crop plants with a p-coumaric acid (p-CA)-based preparation resulted in a significant reduction in the growth of most of the tested pathogens. When applied to soil, both the p-CA-based formulation and Porter 250 EC had a similar overall effect on soil fungal communities and significantly altered the structure of fungal communities at all of the times examined. Shifts in the fungal community composition concerned less than 2% of the total number of amplicon sequence variants (ASVs). The strongest impact of the formulations on soil microbiota was recorded at the fourth week of treatment. Two ASVs assigned to Botrytis and Chromelosporium, known as plant pathogens, and an unidentified ASV from Diversisporales encompassing the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), were significantly depleted in soil samples treated with p-CA in comparison with Porter 250 EC. CONCLUSION The p-CA-based preparation has the potential to be used as an alternative to synthetic fungicides. It shows a similar effect to Porter 250 EC on the organization of soil communities, determining changes in the character of the communities of fungi in general, at any given time. Moreover, p-CA caused a reduction in ASVs belonging to Botrytis and Chromelosporium (plant pathogens) and ASVs of Diversisporales (containing arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi) in comparison with the commercial compound that was analyzed. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swiontek Brzezinska Maria
- Department of Environmental Microbiology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biological and Veterinary Sciences, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Torun, 87-100, Poland
| | - Pałubicka Krystyna
- Department of Environmental Microbiology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biological and Veterinary Sciences, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Torun, 87-100, Poland
| | - Latos Monika
- Department of Environmental Microbiology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biological and Veterinary Sciences, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Torun, 87-100, Poland
| | - Janik Aleksandra
- Department of Environmental Microbiology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biological and Veterinary Sciences, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Torun, 87-100, Poland
| | - Tarnawska Patrycja
- Department of Environmental Microbiology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biological and Veterinary Sciences, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Torun, 87-100, Poland
| | - Krajnik Kornelia
- Department of Environmental Microbiology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biological and Veterinary Sciences, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Torun, 87-100, Poland
| | - Burkowska-But Aleksandra
- Department of Environmental Microbiology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biological and Veterinary Sciences, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Torun, 87-100, Poland
| | - Świątczak Joanna
- Department of Environmental Microbiology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biological and Veterinary Sciences, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Torun, 87-100, Poland
| | - Jedziniak Piotr
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Veterinary Research Institute, Pulawy, Poland
| | - Pietruszka Katarzyna
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Veterinary Research Institute, Pulawy, Poland
| | - Kalwasińska Agnieszka
- Department of Environmental Microbiology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biological and Veterinary Sciences, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Torun, 87-100, Poland
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Rodrigues AO, May De Mio LL, Soccol CR. Trichoderma as a powerful fungal disease control agent for a more sustainable and healthy agriculture: recent studies and molecular insights. PLANTA 2023; 257:31. [PMID: 36602606 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-022-04053-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Molecular studies have elucidated Trichoderma's biocontrol mechanisms. Since fungicides have limited use, Trichoderma could control disease by new metabolic routes and epigenetic alterations. Due to environmental and health hazards, agrochemicals have been a concern since they were introduced in agriculture. Trichoderma, a well-known fungal genus with different mechanisms of action, is an alternative to pesticides and a great tool to help minimize disease incidence. Trichoderma-treated plants mainly benefit from disease control and growth promotion through priming, and these fungi can modulate plants' gene expression by boosting their immune system, accelerating their response to threats, and building stress tolerance. The latest studies suggest that epigenetics is required for plant priming and could be essential for growth promotion, expanding the possibilities for producing new resistant plant varieties. Trichoderma's propagules can be mass produced and formulated depending on the delivery method. Microsclerotia-based bioproducts could be a promising way of increasing the reliability and durability of marketed products in the field, as well as help guarantee longer shelf life. Developing novel formulations and selecting efficient Trichoderma strains can be tiresome, but patent search indicates an increase in the industrialization and commercialization of technologies and an expansion of companies' involvement in research and development in this field. Although Trichoderma is considered a well-known fungal genus, it still attracts the attention of large companies, universities, and research institutes around the world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda O Rodrigues
- Department of Bioprocess Engineering and Biotechnology, Federal University of Paraná (UFPR), Curitiba, PR, 81531-908, Brazil
| | - Louise L May De Mio
- Department of Crop Science and Protection, Federal University of Paraná (UFPR), Curitiba, PR, 80035-050, Brazil
| | - Carlos R Soccol
- Department of Bioprocess Engineering and Biotechnology, Federal University of Paraná (UFPR), Curitiba, PR, 81531-908, Brazil.
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Wang Y, Zeng L, Wu J, Jiang H, Mei L. Diversity and effects of competitive Trichoderma species in Ganoderma lucidum-cultivated soils. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:1067822. [PMID: 36569077 PMCID: PMC9772278 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1067822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Ganoderma lucidum (GL) is a well-known medicinal mushroom that has been extensively cultivated. Our previous study has shown that abundant Trichoderma colonies grow on the casing soil surface, posing cultivation obstacles for GL. However, an understanding of species-level characteristics of Trichoderma strains and their adverse effects on GL growth is limited. This study aimed to investigate the diversity and potential effects of Trichoderma from GL-cultivated soils. Over 700 Trichoderma isolates were collected from two trails in Longquan Country, southeast China. Eight Trichoderma species, including T. atrioviride, T. guizhouense, T. hamatum, T. harzianum, T. koningiopsis, T. pleuroticola, T. sp. irale, and T. virens, were identified based on the combination alignment of tef-1α and rpb2 sequences. The number of Trichoderma colonies increased dramatically during GL cultivation, with an increase of 9.2-fold in the Lanju trail. T. virens accounted for the most colonies (33.33 and 32.50% in Lanju and Chengbei, respectively) at the end of GL cultivation. The Trichoderma species growth varied but was satisfactory under different temperature or pH conditions. Moreover, Trichoderma species showed different adverse effects on GL growth. The non-volatile metabolites from T. virens and volatile metabolites from T. atroviride displayed the strongest antagonistic activity. Furthermore, the volatile 6-pentyl-2H-pyran-2-one (6-PP) showed a significant inhibitory effect on GL growth with an 8.79 μl mL-1 headspace of 50% effective concentration. The different Trichoderma spp. produced different amounts of 6-PP. The most efficient 6-PP producer was T. atroviride. To the best of our knowledge, this study is the first to demonstrate the abundance of competitive Trichoderma species associated with GL cultivation. Our results would contribute to.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongjun Wang
- Department of Forest Protection, College of Forestry and Biotechnology, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Linzhou Zeng
- Department of Forest Protection, College of Forestry and Biotechnology, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiayi Wu
- Department of Forest Protection, College of Forestry and Biotechnology, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hong Jiang
- Department of Forest Protection, College of Forestry and Biotechnology, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Li Mei
- Department of Silviculture, College of Forestry and Biotechnology, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
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31
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Kumari M, Qureshi KA, Jaremko M, White J, Singh SK, Sharma VK, Singh KK, Santoyo G, Puopolo G, Kumar A. Deciphering the role of endophytic microbiome in postharvest diseases management of fruits: Opportunity areas in commercial up-scale production. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1026575. [PMID: 36466226 PMCID: PMC9716317 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1026575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
As endophytes are widely distributed in the plant's internal compartments and despite having enormous potential as a biocontrol agent against postharvest diseases of fruits, the fruit-endophyte-pathogen interactions have not been studied detail. Therefore, this review aims to briefly discuss the colonization patterns of endophytes and pathogens in the host tissue, the diversity and distribution patterns of endophytes in the carposphere of fruits, and host-endophyte-pathogen interactions and the molecular mechanism of the endophytic microbiome in postharvest disease management in fruits. Postharvest loss management is one of the major concerns of the current century. It is considered a critical challenge to food security for the rising global population. However, to manage the postharvest loss, still, a large population relies on chemical fungicides, which affect food quality and are hazardous to health and the surrounding environment. However, the scientific community has searched for alternatives for the last two decades. In this context, endophytic microorganisms have emerged as an economical, sustainable, and viable option to manage postharvest pathogens with integral colonization properties and eliciting a defense response against pathogens. This review extensively summarizes recent developments in endophytic interactions with harvested fruits and pathogens-the multiple biocontrol traits of endophytes and colonization and diversity patterns of endophytes. In addition, the upscale commercial production of endophytes for postharvest disease treatment is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhuree Kumari
- Department of Biochemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, India
| | - Kamal A. Qureshi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Unaizah College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Unaizah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mariusz Jaremko
- Smart-Health Initiative (SHI) and Red Sea Research Center (R.S.R.C.), Division of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering (B.E.S.E.), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (K.A.U.S.T.), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
| | - James White
- Department of Plant Biology, Rutgers University, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, United States
| | - Sandeep Kumar Singh
- Division of Microbiology, Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR), New Delhi, India
| | - Vijay Kumar Sharma
- Centre of Advanced Study in Botany, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | | | - Gustavo Santoyo
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químico Biológicas, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Morelia, Mexico
| | - Gerardo Puopolo
- Center Agriculture Food Environment, University of Trento, Trentino, TN, Italy
| | - Ajay Kumar
- Centre of Advanced Study in Botany, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
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Guo R, Li G, Zhang Z, Peng X. Structures and Biological Activities of Secondary Metabolites from Trichoderma harzianum. Mar Drugs 2022; 20:701. [PMID: 36355024 PMCID: PMC9696559 DOI: 10.3390/md20110701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The biocontrol fungus Trichoderma harzianum, from both marine and terrestrial environments, has attracted considerable attention. T. harzianum has a tremendous potential to produce a variety of bioactive secondary metabolites (SMs), which are an important source of new herbicides and antibiotics. This review prioritizes the SMs of T. harzianum from 1988 to June 2022, and their relevant biological activities. Marine-derived SMs, especially terpenoids, polyketides, and macrolides compounds, occupy a significant proportion of natural products from T. harzianum, deserving more of our attention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Guo
- Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Gang Li
- Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Zhao Zhang
- Department of Hand and Foot Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Xiaoping Peng
- Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
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Zhang YQ, Zhang S, Sun ML, Su HN, Li HY, Kun-Liu, Zhang YZ, Chen XL, Cao HY, Song XY. Antibacterial activity of peptaibols from Trichoderma longibrachiatum SMF2 against gram-negative Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae, the causal agent of bacterial leaf blight on rice. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:1034779. [PMID: 36304956 PMCID: PMC9595671 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1034779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacterial leaf blight caused by Gram-negative pathogen Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo) is one of the most destructive bacterial diseases on rice. Due to the resistance, toxicity and environmental issues of chemical bactericides, new biological strategies are still in need. Although peptaibols produced by Trichoderma spp. can inhibit the growth of several Gram-positive bacteria and plant fungal pathogens, it still remains unclear whether peptaibols have anti-Xoo activity to control bacterial leaf blight on rice. In this study, we evaluated the antibacterial effects of Trichokonins A (TKA), peptaibols produced by Trichoderma longibrachiatum SMF2, against Xoo. The in vitro antibacterial activity analysis showed that the growth of Xoo was significantly inhibited by TKA, with a minimum inhibitory concentration of 54 μg/mL and that the three TKs in TKA all had remarkable anti-Xoo activity. Further inhibitory mechanism analyses revealed that TKA treatments resulted in the damage of Xoo cell morphology and the release of intracellular substances, such as proteins and nucleic acids, from Xoo cells, suggesting the damage of the permeability of Xoo cell membrane by TKA. Pathogenicity analyses showed that the lesion length on rice leaf was significantly reduced by 82.2% when treated with 27 μg/mL TKA. This study represents the first report of the antibacterial activity of peptaibols against a Gram-negative bacterium. Thus, TKA can be of a promising agent in controlling bacterial leaf blight on rice.
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Cardoza RE, McCormick SP, Izquierdo-Bueno I, Martínez-Reyes N, Lindo L, Brown DW, Collado IG, Proctor RH, Gutiérrez S. Identification of polyketide synthase genes required for aspinolide biosynthesis in Trichoderma arundinaceum. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2022; 106:7153-7171. [PMID: 36166052 PMCID: PMC9592644 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-022-12182-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The fungus Trichoderma arundinaceum exhibits biological control activity against crop diseases caused by other fungi. Two mechanisms that likely contribute to this activity are upregulation of plant defenses and production of two types of antifungal secondary metabolites: the sesquiterpenoid harzianum A (HA) and the polyketide-derived aspinolides. The goal of the current study was to identify aspinolide biosynthetic genes as part of an effort to understand how these metabolites contribute to the biological control activity of T. arundinaceum. Comparative genomics identified two polyketide synthase genes (asp1 and asp2) that occur in T. arundinaceum and Aspergillus ochraceus, which also produces aspinolides. Gene deletion and biochemical analyses in T. arundinaceum indicated that both genes are required for aspinolide production: asp2 for formation of a 10-member lactone ring and asp1 for formation of a butenoyl subsituent at position 8 of the lactone ring. Gene expression and comparative genomics analyses indicated that asp1 and asp2 are located within a gene cluster that occurs in both T. arundinaceum and A. ochraceus. A survey of genome sequences representing 35 phylogenetically diverse Trichoderma species revealed that intact homologs of the cluster occurred in only two other species, which also produced aspinolides. An asp2 mutant inhibited fungal growth more than the wild type, but an asp1 mutant did not, and the greater inhibition by the asp2 mutant coincided with increased HA production. These findings indicate that asp1 and asp2 are aspinolide biosynthetic genes and that loss of either aspinolide or HA production in T. arundinaceum can be accompanied by increased production of the other metabolite(s). KEY POINTS: • Two polyketide synthase genes are required for aspinolide biosynthesis. • Blocking aspinolide production increases production of the terpenoid harzianum A. • Aspinolides and harzianum A act redundantly in antibiosis of T. arundinaceum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosa E Cardoza
- University Group for Research in Engineering and Sustainable Agriculture (GUIIAS), Area of Microbiology, University of León, 24400, Ponferrada, Spain
| | - Susan P McCormick
- USDA, Agricultural Research Service, National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research, Mycotoxin Prevention and Applied Microbiology Research Unit, 1815 N University St., Peoria, IL, 61604, USA
| | - Inmaculada Izquierdo-Bueno
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Cádiz, Campus Universitario Río San Pedro s/n, Torre Sur, 4ª planta, 11510, Puerto Real, Cádiz, Spain
| | - Natalia Martínez-Reyes
- University Group for Research in Engineering and Sustainable Agriculture (GUIIAS), Area of Microbiology, University of León, 24400, Ponferrada, Spain
| | - Laura Lindo
- University Group for Research in Engineering and Sustainable Agriculture (GUIIAS), Area of Microbiology, University of León, 24400, Ponferrada, Spain
| | - Daren W Brown
- USDA, Agricultural Research Service, National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research, Mycotoxin Prevention and Applied Microbiology Research Unit, 1815 N University St., Peoria, IL, 61604, USA
| | - Isidro G Collado
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Cádiz, Campus Universitario Río San Pedro s/n, Torre Sur, 4ª planta, 11510, Puerto Real, Cádiz, Spain
| | - Robert H Proctor
- USDA, Agricultural Research Service, National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research, Mycotoxin Prevention and Applied Microbiology Research Unit, 1815 N University St., Peoria, IL, 61604, USA.
| | - Santiago Gutiérrez
- University Group for Research in Engineering and Sustainable Agriculture (GUIIAS), Area of Microbiology, University of León, 24400, Ponferrada, Spain.
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Mulatu A, Megersa N, Tolcha T, Alemu T, Vetukuri RR. Antifungal compounds, GC-MS analysis and toxicity assessment of methanolic extracts of Trichoderma species in an animal model. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0274062. [PMID: 36149851 PMCID: PMC9506656 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0274062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Fungi of the genus Trichoderma have been marketed for the management of diseases of crops. However, some Trichoderma species may produce toxic secondary metabolites and it should receive due attention to ensure human safety. In this study, we investigated the in vitro antagonistic potential of T. asperellum AU131 and T. longibrachiatum AU158 as microbial biocontrol agents (MBCAs) against Fusarium xylarioides and the associated antagonistic mechanism with bioactive substances. Swiss albino mice were used to evaluate the in vivo toxicity and pathogenicity of T. asperellum AU131 and T. longibrachiatum AU158 methanolic extracts and spore suspensions, respectively, in a preliminary safety assessment for use as biofungicides. Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) was used to profile volatile organic metabolites (VOCs) present in the methanolic extracts. The agar diffusion assay of the methanolic extracts from both T. asperellum AU131 and T. longibrachiatum AU158 were effective at a concentration of 200 μg/mL (1×107 spores/mL), causing 62.5%, and 74.3% inhibition, respectively. A GC-MS analysis of methanolic extracts from both bioagents identified 23 VOCs which classified as alcohols, acids, sesquiterpenes, ketones and aromatic compounds. The oral administration of methanolic extracts and spore suspensions of each Trichoderma species to female Swiss albino mice over 14 days did not show any significant signs of toxicity, mortality or changes to body weight. It can be concluded that the tested spore suspensions and methanolic extracts were not pathogenic or toxic, respectively, when administered to Swiss albino mice at various doses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afrasa Mulatu
- Department of Microbial, Cellular and Molecular Biology, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Negussie Megersa
- Department of Chemistry, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Teshome Tolcha
- Department of Chemistry, Kotebe University of Education, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Tesfaye Alemu
- Department of Microbial, Cellular and Molecular Biology, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Ramesh R. Vetukuri
- Department of Plant Breeding, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Alnarp, Sweden
- * E-mail:
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Becchimanzi A, Nicoletti R. Aspergillus-bees: A dynamic symbiotic association. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:968963. [PMID: 36160228 PMCID: PMC9489833 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.968963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Besides representing one of the most relevant threats of fungal origin to human and animal health, the genus Aspergillus includes opportunistic pathogens which may infect bees (Hymenoptera, Apoidea) in all developmental stages. At least 30 different species of Aspergillus have been isolated from managed and wild bees. Some efficient behavioral responses (e.g., diseased brood removal) exerted by bees negatively affect the chance to diagnose the pathology, and may contribute to the underestimation of aspergillosis importance in beekeeping. On the other hand, bee immune responses may be affected by biotic and abiotic stresses and suffer from the loose co-evolutionary relationships with Aspergillus pathogenic strains. However, if not pathogenic, these hive mycobiota components can prove to be beneficial to bees, by affecting the interaction with other pathogens and parasites and by detoxifying xenobiotics. The pathogenic aptitude of Aspergillus spp. likely derives from the combined action of toxins and hydrolytic enzymes, whose effects on bees have been largely overlooked until recently. Variation in the production of these virulence factors has been observed among strains, even belonging to the same species. Toxigenic and non-toxigenic strains/species may co-exist in a homeostatic equilibrium which is susceptible to be perturbed by several external factors, leading to mutualistic/antagonistic switch in the relationships between Aspergillus and bees.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Becchimanzi
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Portici, Italy
- *Correspondence: Andrea Becchimanzi,
| | - Rosario Nicoletti
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Portici, Italy
- Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Research Centre for Olive, Fruit and Citrus Crops, Caserta, Italy
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Liu Y, He P, He P, Munir S, Ahmed A, Wu Y, Yang Y, Lu J, Wang J, Yang J, Pan X, Tian Y, He Y. Potential biocontrol efficiency of Trichoderma species against oomycete pathogens. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:974024. [PMID: 36147847 PMCID: PMC9487998 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.974024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Plant health is of utmost importance for optimal agricultural production and sustainability. Unfortunately, biotic and abiotic factors put a major constraint on crop safety and productivity. Plant diseases caused by oomycetes inflict serious damage to various crops. Moreover, the injudicious use of chemical pesticides poses threats related to pesticide resistance development in pathogens and environmental pollution. Biocontrol offers an effective solution for disease control; however, research on biocontrol of oomycete-related diseases is scarce. Thus, this study undertakes the screening of biocontrol resources for the effective management of oomycete-related plant diseases. In this regard, 86 isolates of Trichoderma spp. were assessed against Phytophthora nicotianae, P. capsici, Pythium vexans, P. ultimum, and P. dissotocum through dual culture assay. Furthermore, the antagonistic effect of selected isolates was studied against tobacco black shank disease and damping-off of cucumber seedlings in the greenhouse. The relative control effect of the three antagonistic Trichoderma strains AR-4, Tv-1, and ST4-1 on tobacco black shank was more than 60%, which was not significantly different from 6.88 gl−1 fluopicolide–propamocarb. Whereas, the relative control effect of Trichoderma AR-4 and ST4-1 on damping-off of cucumber seedlings was 80.33% and 82.67%, respectively, which were significantly higher than Trichoderma Tv-1 (35.49%) and fluopicolide–propamocarb (47.82%). According to the morphological and molecular characterization, the fungal strains AR-4, Tv-1, and ST4-1 were identified as Trichoderma koningiopsis, T. asperellum, and T. gamsii, respectively. In conclusion, the strains exhibited a strong antagonistic effect against oomycete pathogens and can be integrated into disease management strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinglong Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Pengbo He
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Pengfei He
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Shahzad Munir
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Ayesha Ahmed
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Yixin Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Yuling Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Junping Lu
- Hongta Tobacco (Group) Co. Ltd., Yuxi, China
| | | | - Jizhou Yang
- Hongta Tobacco (Group) Co. Ltd., Yuxi, China
| | - Xinlong Pan
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Yangyang Tian
- Hongta Tobacco (Group) Co. Ltd., Yuxi, China
- *Correspondence: Yangyang Tian
| | - Yueqiu He
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
- Yueqiu He
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Joo JH, Hussein KA. Biological Control and Plant Growth Promotion Properties of Volatile Organic Compound-Producing Antagonistic Trichoderma spp. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:897668. [PMID: 35958189 PMCID: PMC9360753 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.897668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Trichoderma is environmentally vital due to their plant growth-promoting effects (such as enhancement of nutrients supply, suppression of plant pathogens, and promotion of plant defense). Biogenic volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are diverse chemical substances emitted by Trichoderma spp. The potential role of VOCs in biological control and plant growth promotion has recently been recognized. Here, the Trichoderma-VOCs' performance for plant growth promotion and suppression of plant pathogens are evaluated. We further investigated VOC emission profiles of T. harzianum using GC-MS. The Trichoderma-VOCs exhibited significant (p < 0.05) antifungal properties against all tested pathogenic fungi. T. atroviride-VOCs showed a decisive inhibition of Alternaria panax, Botrytis cinerea, Cylindrocarpon destructans, and Sclerotinia nivalis. The germinating seeds demonstrated growth enhancement in the presence of Trichoderma-VOCs emitted by different strains. Low levels of cyclopentasiloxane, decamethyl, cyclotetrasiloxane, and octamethyl were found in T. harzianum KNU1 strain whereas cyclopentasiloxane, decamethyl, cyclotetrasiloxane, and octamethyl showed higher emission levels as Si-containing compounds. The results reveal the potentiality of VOCs as a biocontrol resource against deleterious rhizosphere microorganisms and underline the importance of Trichoderma-VOCs emissions in regulating plant growth and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Ho Joo
- Soil Biochemistry Lab, Department of Biological Environment, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, South Korea
| | - Khalid Abdallah Hussein
- Soil Biochemistry Lab, Department of Biological Environment, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, South Korea
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Asyut, Egypt
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Zhang C, Ali Khan RA, Wei H, Wang R, Hou J, Liu T. Rapid and mass production of biopesticide Trichoderma Brev T069 from cassava peels using newly established solid-state fermentation bioreactor system. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2022; 313:114981. [PMID: 35395529 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.114981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Revised: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Converting agricultural waste into value-added biopesticides to replace chemical pesticides for plant protection is a good alternative for environmental sustainability and resource recycling. In this study, five tropical wastes (cassava peels, banana pseudostem, coconut shell, sugarcane bagasse, and pineapple peels) were screened as substrates for the rapid production of biopesticide Trichoderma Brev T069. Five single tests and a Box-Behnken design (BBD) with response surface methodology were used to optimize the culture conditions to improve the spore yield. The results showed that cassava peel was the optimal solid fermentation substrate, and the optimization enabled a spore yield of 9.31 × 109 spores/g at 3rd day, which was equal to 93.19% of spore yield obtained at 5th day (9.99 × 109 spores/g). A newly packed-bed bioreactor with agitation and ventilation system was developed and used to expand the production that 250 kg of biopesticide (2.89 × 109 spores/g) could be available on the 3rd day. A pot experiment indicated that the biopesticide T. Brev T069 obtained under this production system, when applied at 1 × 107 spores/g of soil had a 64.65% biocontrol efficiency on banana fusarium wilt. This study provides a practical solution for turning a tropical waste into an effective biopesticide which can prevent banana wilt disease, thereby helping to reduce disease management cost and overcome environmental hazards caused by synthetic pesticides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control of Tropical Diseases and Pests (College of Plant Protection, Hainan University), Ministry of Education, Haikou, Hainan, 570228, PR China
| | - Raja Asad Ali Khan
- Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control of Tropical Diseases and Pests (College of Plant Protection, Hainan University), Ministry of Education, Haikou, Hainan, 570228, PR China; Department of Plant Pathology, The University of Agriculture, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - HongYan Wei
- Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control of Tropical Diseases and Pests (College of Plant Protection, Hainan University), Ministry of Education, Haikou, Hainan, 570228, PR China
| | - Rui Wang
- Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control of Tropical Diseases and Pests (College of Plant Protection, Hainan University), Ministry of Education, Haikou, Hainan, 570228, PR China; Engineering Center of Agricultural Microbial Preparation Research and Development of Hainan (Hainan University), Haikou, Hainan, 570228, PR China
| | - JuMei Hou
- Engineering Center of Agricultural Microbial Preparation Research and Development of Hainan (Hainan University), Haikou, Hainan, 570228, PR China
| | - Tong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control of Tropical Diseases and Pests (College of Plant Protection, Hainan University), Ministry of Education, Haikou, Hainan, 570228, PR China; Engineering Center of Agricultural Microbial Preparation Research and Development of Hainan (Hainan University), Haikou, Hainan, 570228, PR China.
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Singh G, Tiwari A, Choudhir G, Kumar A, Kumar S, Hariprasad P, Sharma S. Deciphering the role of Trichoderma sp. bioactives in combating the wilt causing cell wall degrading enzyme polygalacturonase produced by Fusarium oxysporum: An in-silico approach. Microb Pathog 2022; 168:105610. [PMID: 35662673 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2022.105610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Revised: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The cell wall degrading enzymes polygalacturonase (PG) secreted by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. radicis-lycopersici (FOL) is testified to trigger Fusarium crown and root rot disease in tomato crops; instigated due to the degradation of the pectin. Trichoderma sp. is documented as a potential biocontrol agent playing a pivotal role in plant health and disease management. An in-silico approach employing homology modelling, molecular docking, molecular dynamics (MD) simulation and MMPBSA was employed to assess the prospective role of bioactives produced by Trichoderma sp. in combating the PG2 enzyme. The studies revealed that amongst the wide range of bioactives screened, Trichodermamide B produced by T. harzianum and Viridin, Virone, and Trichosetin produced by T. virens emerged as the potential inhibitors of the PG2. Docking results revealed that the complexes possessed most stable energy for Trichodermamide B (-8.1 kcal/mol) followed by Viridin (-7.7 kcal/mol), Virone (-7.1 kcal/mol), and Trichosetin (-7 kcal/mol), respectively. Interaction studies of FOL with T. virens and T. harzianum reported an inhibition of 83.33% and 75.87%, respectively. The structural rigidity and stability of the docked complex was confirmed through MD simulations evaluated across multiple descriptors from the simulation trajectories. Further, MMPBSA analysis validated the results that binding of the enzyme to the screened ligands was spontaneous. The study unravels new insights on the versatile potential of Trichoderma sp. Bioactives as a prospective agent for the inhibition of cell-wall degrading enzymes secreted by phytopathogens. The proposed study can be implemented for design of bioformulations that serve the role of biopesticide, promising a sustainable alternate to chemical-based products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Garima Singh
- Centre for Rural Development & Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, India
| | - Abhay Tiwari
- Centre for Rural Development & Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, India
| | - Gourav Choudhir
- Centre for Rural Development & Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, India
| | - Anuj Kumar
- The Department of Microbiology and Immunology Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada and Laboratory of Immunity, Shantou University Medical College Shantou, PR China
| | - Sushil Kumar
- Shaheed Mangal Pandey Government Girls PG College, Madhavpuram, Meerut, India
| | - P Hariprasad
- Centre for Rural Development & Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, India
| | - Satyawati Sharma
- Centre for Rural Development & Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, India.
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Rauf M, Ur-Rahman A, Arif M, Gul H, Ud-Din A, Hamayun M, Lee IJ. Immunomodulatory Molecular Mechanisms of Luffa cylindrica for Downy Mildews Resistance Induced by Growth-Promoting Endophytic Fungi. J Fungi (Basel) 2022; 8:jof8070689. [PMID: 35887445 PMCID: PMC9324744 DOI: 10.3390/jof8070689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Revised: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Downy mildew (DM), caused by P. cubensis, is harmful to cucurbits including luffa, with increased shortcomings associated with its control through cultural practices, chemical fungicides, and resistant cultivars; there is a prompt need for an effective, eco-friendly, economical, and safe biocontrol approach. Current research is therefore dealt with the biocontrol of luffa DM1 through the endophytic fungi (EF) consortium. Results revealed that T. harzianum (ThM9) and T. virens (TvA1) showed pathogen-dependent inducible metabolic production of squalene and gliotoxins by higher gene expression induction of SQS1/ERG9 (squalene synthase) and GliP (non-ribosomal peptide synthetase). Gene expression of lytic enzymes of EF was also induced with subsequently higher enzyme activities upon confrontation with P. cubensis. EF-inoculated luffa seeds showed efficient germination with enhanced growth potential and vigor of seedlings. EF-inoculated plants showed an increased level of growth-promoting hormone GA with higher gene expression of GA2OX8. EF-pre-inoculated seedlings were resistant to DM and showed an increased GSH content and antioxidant enzyme activities (SOD, CAT, POD). The level of MDA, H2O2, REL, and disease severity was reduced by EF. ACC, JA, ABA, and SA were overproduced along with higher gene expression of LOX, ERF, NCED2, and PAL. Expression of defense-marker genes (PPO, CAT2, SOD, APX, PER5, LOX, NBS-LRR, PSY, CAS, Ubi, MLP43) was also modulated in EF-inoculated infected plants. Current research supported the use of EF inoculation to effectively escalate the systemic immunity against DM corresponding to the significant promotion of induced systemic resistance (ISR) and systemic acquired resistance (SAR) responses through initiating the defense mechanism by SA, ABA, ET, and JA biosynthesis and signaling pathways in luffa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mamoona Rauf
- Department of Botany, Garden Campus, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Mardan 23200, Pakistan; (M.R.); (A.U.-R.); (H.G.)
| | - Asim Ur-Rahman
- Department of Botany, Garden Campus, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Mardan 23200, Pakistan; (M.R.); (A.U.-R.); (H.G.)
| | - Muhammad Arif
- Department of Biotechnology, Garden Campus, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Mardan 23200, Pakistan
- Correspondence: (M.A.); (M.H.); (I.-J.L.)
| | - Humaira Gul
- Department of Botany, Garden Campus, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Mardan 23200, Pakistan; (M.R.); (A.U.-R.); (H.G.)
| | - Aziz Ud-Din
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Hazara University, Mansehra 21120, Pakistan;
| | - Muhammad Hamayun
- Department of Botany, Garden Campus, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Mardan 23200, Pakistan; (M.R.); (A.U.-R.); (H.G.)
- Correspondence: (M.A.); (M.H.); (I.-J.L.)
| | - In-Jung Lee
- Department of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea
- Correspondence: (M.A.); (M.H.); (I.-J.L.)
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New Approaches to Manage Asian Soybean Rust (Phakopsora pachyrhizi) Using Trichoderma spp. or Their Antifungal Secondary Metabolites. Metabolites 2022; 12:metabo12060507. [PMID: 35736440 PMCID: PMC9227527 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12060507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Attempts have been made to determine the in vitro and in planta suppressive potential of particular Trichoderma strains (T16 and T23) and their secondary metabolites (SMs) against Asian soybean rust (ASR) incited by Phakopsora pachyrhizi. Aside from the previously identified SMs 6-pentyl-α-pyrone (6PAP) and viridiofungin A (VFA), the chemical structures of harzianic acid (HA), iso-harzianic acid (iso-HA), and harzianolide (HZL) were characterized in this study. Our results indicate that exposure of urediospores to 200 ppm 6PAP completely inhibits germination. A slightly higher dosage (250 ppm) of HZL and VFA reduces germination by 53.7% and 44%, respectively. Germ tube elongation seems more sensitive to 6PAP than urediospore germination. On detached leaves, application of conidia of T16 and T23 results in 81.4% and 74.3% protection, respectively. Likewise, 200 ppm 6PAP recorded the highest ASR suppression (98%), followed by HZL (78%) and HA (69%). Treatment of undetached leaves with 6PAP, HA, or HZL reduces ASR severity by 84.2%, 65.8%, and 50.4%, respectively. Disease reduction on the next, untreated trifoliate by T23 (53%), T16 (41%), HZL (42%), and 6PAP (32%) suggests a translocation or systemic activity of the SMs and their producers. To our knowledge, this study provides the first proof for controlling ASR using antifungal SMs of Trichoderma. Our findings strongly recommend the integration of these innovative metabolites, particularly 6PAP and/or their producers in ASR management strategies.
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Morais EM, Silva AAR, de Sousa FWA, de Azevedo IMB, Silva HF, Santos AMG, Beserra Júnior JEA, de Carvalho CP, Eberlin MN, Porcari AM, Araújo FDDS. Endophytic Trichoderma strains isolated from forest species of the Cerrado-Caatinga ecotone are potential biocontrol agents against crop pathogenic fungi. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0265824. [PMID: 35427356 PMCID: PMC9012399 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0265824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The indiscriminate use of chemical pesticides increasingly harms the health of living beings and the environment. Thus, biological control carried out by microorganisms has gained prominence, since it consists of an environmentally friendly alternative to the use of pesticides for controlling plant diseases. Herein, we evaluated the potential role of endophytic Trichoderma strains isolated from forest species of the Cerrado-Caatinga ecotone as biological control agents of crop pathogenic fungi. Nineteen Trichoderma strains were used to assess the antagonistic activity by in vitro bioassays against the plant pathogens Colletotrichum truncatum, Lasiodiplodia theobromae, Macrophomina phaseolina, and Sclerotium delphinii isolated from soybean, cacao, fava bean, and black pepper crops, respectively. All Trichoderma strains demonstrated inhibitory activity on pathogen mycelial growth, with maximum percent inhibition of 70% against C. truncatum, 78% against L. theobromae, 78% against M. phaseolina, and 69% against S. delphinii. Crude methanol extracts (0.5 to 2.0 mg mL-1) of Trichoderma strains were able to inhibit the growth of C. truncatum, except Trichoderma sp. T3 (UFPIT06) and T. orientale (UFPIT09 and UFPIT17) at 0.5 mg mL-1, indicating that the endophytes employ a biocontrol mechanism related to antibiosis, together with multiple mechanisms. Discriminant metabolites of Trichoderma extracts were unveiled by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry-based metabolomics combined with principal component analysis (PCA), which included antifungal metabolites and molecules with other bioactivities. These results highlight the biocontrol potential of Trichoderma strains isolated from the Cerrado-Caatinga ecotone against crop pathogenic fungi, providing support for ongoing research on disease control in agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alex Ap. Rosini Silva
- MS4Life Laboratory of Mass Spectrometry, Health Sciences Postgraduate Program, São Francisco University, Braganca Paulista, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | - Helane França Silva
- Campus Professora Cinobelina Elvas, Federal University of Piauí, Bom Jesus, PI, Brazil
| | | | | | - Caroline Pais de Carvalho
- School of Material Engineering an Nanotechnology, MackMass Laboratory, Mackenzie Presbyterian University, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Marcos Nogueira Eberlin
- School of Material Engineering an Nanotechnology, MackMass Laboratory, Mackenzie Presbyterian University, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Andreia M. Porcari
- MS4Life Laboratory of Mass Spectrometry, Health Sciences Postgraduate Program, São Francisco University, Braganca Paulista, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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Oberpaul M, Spohn MS, Brinkmann S, Mihajlovic S, Marner M, Patras MA, Toti L, Kurz M, Hammann PE, Vilcinskas A, Glaeser J, Schäberle TF. Trichoderma-derived pentapeptides from the infected nest mycobiome of the subterranean termite Coptotermes testaceus. Chembiochem 2022; 23:e202100698. [PMID: 35298064 PMCID: PMC9321192 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202100698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Revised: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Termites live in a dynamic environment where colony health is strongly influenced by surrounding microbes. However, little is known about the mycobiomes of lower termites and their nests, and how these change in response to disease. Here we compared the individual and nest mycobiomes of a healthy subterranean termite colony (Coptotermes testaceus) to one infected and ultimately eradicated by a fungal pathogen. We identified Trichoderma species in the materials of both nests, but they were also abundant in the infected termites. Methanolic extracts of Trichoderma sp. FHG000531, isolated from the infected nest, were screened for secondary metabolites by UHPLC‐HR MS/MS‐guided molecular networking. We identified many bioactive compounds with potential roles in the eradication of the infected colony, as well as a cluster of six unknown peptides. The novel peptide FE011 was isolated and characterized by NMR spectroscopy. The function of this novel peptide family as well as the role of Trichoderma species in dying termite colonies therefore requires further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Oberpaul
- Fraunhofer IME: Fraunhofer-Institut fur Molekularbiologie und Angewandte Oekologie IME, Branch for Bioresources, Ohlebergsweg 12, 35392, Gießen, GERMANY
| | - Marius S Spohn
- Fraunhofer IME: Fraunhofer-Institut fur Molekularbiologie und Angewandte Oekologie IME, Branch for Bioressources, Ohlebergsweg 12, 35392, Giessen, GERMANY
| | - Stephan Brinkmann
- Fraunhofer IME: Fraunhofer-Institut fur Molekularbiologie und Angewandte Oekologie IME, Branch for Bioresources, Ohlebergsweg 12, 35392, Giessen, GERMANY
| | - Sanja Mihajlovic
- Fraunhofer IME: Fraunhofer-Institut fur Molekularbiologie und Angewandte Oekologie IME, Branch for Bioresources, Ohlebergsweg 12, 35392, Giessen, GERMANY
| | - Michael Marner
- Fraunhofer IME: Fraunhofer-Institut fur Molekularbiologie und Angewandte Oekologie IME, Branch for Bioresources, Ohlebergsweg 12, 35392, Giessen, GERMANY
| | - Maria Alexandra Patras
- Fraunhofer IME: Fraunhofer-Institut fur Molekularbiologie und Angewandte Oekologie IME, Bioresources, Ohlebergsweg 12, 35392, Giessen, GERMANY
| | - Luigi Toti
- Sanofi-Aventis Deutschland GmbH, Natural Product Research - Infectious Diseases, Industriepark Höchst, 65926, Frankfurt am Main, GERMANY
| | - Michael Kurz
- Sanofi-Aventis Deutschland GmbH, R&D Integrated Drug Discovery, Industriepark Höchst, 65926, Frankfurt am Main, GERMANY
| | - Peter Eugen Hammann
- Evotec International GmbH, Evotec, Marie-Curie-Straße 7, 37079, Göttingen, GERMANY
| | - Andreas Vilcinskas
- Fraunhofer IME: Fraunhofer-Institut fur Molekularbiologie und Angewandte Oekologie IME, Branch for Bioresources, Ohlebergsweg 12, 35392, Giessen, GERMANY
| | - Jens Glaeser
- Evotec International GmbH, Antiinfectives Lead Discovery from Natural Products, Marie-Curie-Straße 7, 37079, Göttingen, GERMANY
| | - Till Friedrich Schäberle
- University of Giessen, Institute for Insect Biotechnology, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 26-32, 35392, Giessen, GERMANY
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Al-Askar AA, Rashad EM, Moussa Z, Ghoneem KM, Mostafa AA, Al-Otibi FO, Arishi AA, Saber WIA. A Novel Endophytic Trichoderma longibrachiatum WKA55 With Biologically Active Metabolites for Promoting Germination and Reducing Mycotoxinogenic Fungi of Peanut. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:772417. [PMID: 35401430 PMCID: PMC8993229 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.772417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Plant residuals comprise the natural habitat of the plant pathogen; therefore, attention is currently focusing on biological-based bioprocessing of biomass residuals into benefit substances. The current study focused on the biodegradation of peanut plant residual (PNR) into citric acid (CA) through a mathematical modeling strategy. Novel endophytic Trichoderma longibrachiatum WKA55 (GenBank accession number: MZ014020.1), having lytic (cellulase, protease, and polygalacturonase) activity, and tricalcium phosphate (TCP) solubilization ability were isolated from peanut seeds and used during the fermentation process. As reported by HPLC, the maximum CA (5505.1 μg/g PNR) was obtained after 9 days in the presence of 15.49 mg TCP, and 15.68 mg glucose. GC–MS analysis showed other bioactive metabolites in the filtrate of the fermented PNR. Practically, the crude product (40%) fully inhibited (100%) the growth and spore germination of three mycotoxinogenic fungi. On peanuts, it improved the seed germination (91%), seedling features, and vigor index (70.45%) with a reduction of abnormal seedlings (9.33%). The current study presents the fundamentals for large-scale production in the industry for the sustainable development of PNR biomass as a natural source of bioactive metabolites, and safe consumption of lignocellulosic-proteinaceous biomass, as well. T. longibrachiatum WKA55 was also introduced as a novel CA producer specified on PNR. Application of the resulting metabolite is encouraged on a large scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdulaziz A. Al-Askar
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- *Correspondence: Abdulaziz A. Al-Askar,
| | - Ehsan M. Rashad
- Department of Seed Pathology Research, Plant Pathology Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt
| | - Zeiad Moussa
- Microbial Activity Unit, Department of Microbiology, Soils, Water and Environment Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt
| | - Khalid M. Ghoneem
- Department of Seed Pathology Research, Plant Pathology Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt
| | - Ashraf A. Mostafa
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fatimah O. Al-Otibi
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amr Abker Arishi
- School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - WesamEldin I. A. Saber
- Microbial Activity Unit, Department of Microbiology, Soils, Water and Environment Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt
- WesamEldin I. A. Saber,
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Vicente I, Baroncelli R, Hermosa R, Monte E, Vannacci G, Sarrocco S. Role and genetic basis of specialised secondary metabolites in Trichoderma ecophysiology. FUNGAL BIOL REV 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbr.2021.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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Tamizi AA, Mat-Amin N, Weaver JA, Olumakaiye RT, Akbar MA, Jin S, Bunawan H, Alberti F. Genome Sequencing and Analysis of Trichoderma (Hypocreaceae) Isolates Exhibiting Antagonistic Activity against the Papaya Dieback Pathogen, Erwinia mallotivora. J Fungi (Basel) 2022; 8:jof8030246. [PMID: 35330248 PMCID: PMC8949440 DOI: 10.3390/jof8030246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Revised: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 02/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Erwinia mallotivora, the causal agent of papaya dieback disease, is a devastating pathogen that has caused a tremendous decrease in Malaysian papaya export and affected papaya crops in neighbouring countries. A few studies on bacterial species capable of suppressing E. mallotivora have been reported, but the availability of antagonistic fungi remains unknown. In this study, mycelial suspensions from five rhizospheric Trichoderma isolates of Malaysian origin were found to exhibit notable antagonisms against E. mallotivora during co-cultivation. We further characterised three isolates, Trichoderma koningiopsis UKM-M-UW RA5, UKM-M-UW RA6, and UKM-M-UW RA3a, that showed significant growth inhibition zones on plate-based inhibition assays. A study of the genomes of the three strains through a combination of Oxford nanopore and Illumina sequencing technologies highlighted potential secondary metabolite pathways that might underpin their antimicrobial properties. Based on these findings, the fungal isolates are proven to be useful as potential biological control agents against E. mallotivora, and the genomic data opens possibilities to further explore the underlying molecular mechanisms behind their antimicrobial activity, with potential synthetic biology applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amin-Asyraf Tamizi
- Agri-Omics and Bioinformatics Programme, Biotechnology and Nanotechnology Research Centre, Malaysian Agricultural Research and Development Institute Headquarters (MARDI), Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia; (A.-A.T.); (N.M.-A.)
| | - Noriha Mat-Amin
- Agri-Omics and Bioinformatics Programme, Biotechnology and Nanotechnology Research Centre, Malaysian Agricultural Research and Development Institute Headquarters (MARDI), Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia; (A.-A.T.); (N.M.-A.)
| | - Jack A. Weaver
- School of Life Sciences, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK; (J.A.W.); (R.T.O.); (S.J.)
| | - Richard T. Olumakaiye
- School of Life Sciences, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK; (J.A.W.); (R.T.O.); (S.J.)
| | - Muhamad Afiq Akbar
- Institute of Systems Biology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Bangi 43600, Selangor, Malaysia;
| | - Sophie Jin
- School of Life Sciences, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK; (J.A.W.); (R.T.O.); (S.J.)
| | - Hamidun Bunawan
- Institute of Systems Biology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Bangi 43600, Selangor, Malaysia;
- Correspondence: (H.B.); (F.A.)
| | - Fabrizio Alberti
- School of Life Sciences, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK; (J.A.W.); (R.T.O.); (S.J.)
- Correspondence: (H.B.); (F.A.)
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48
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Yassin MT, Mostafa AAF, Al-Askar AA. In vitro antagonistic activity of Trichoderma spp. against fungal pathogens causing black point disease of wheat. JOURNAL OF TAIBAH UNIVERSITY FOR SCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/16583655.2022.2029327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Taha Yassin
- Botany and Microbiology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Safwan S, Wang SW, Hsiao G, Hsiao SW, Hsu SJ, Lee TH, Lee CK. New Trichothecenes Isolated from the Marine Algicolous Fungus Trichoderma brevicompactum. Mar Drugs 2022; 20:md20020080. [PMID: 35200610 PMCID: PMC8875558 DOI: 10.3390/md20020080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 01/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Eight trichothecenes, including four new compounds 1–4 and four known entities 5–8, together with one known cyclonerane (9) were isolated from the solid-state fermentation of Trichoderma brevicompactum NTU439 isolated from the marine alga Mastophora rosea. The structures of 1–9 were determined by 1D/2D NMR (nuclear magnetic resonance), MS (mass spectrometry), and IR (infrared spectroscopy) spectroscopic data. All of the compounds were evaluated for cytotoxic activity against HCT-116, PC-3, and SK-Hep-1 cancer cells by the SRB assay, and compound 8 showed promising cytotoxic activity against all three cancer cell lines with the IC50 values of 3.3 ± 0.3, 5.3 ± 0.3, and 1.8 ± 0.8 μM, respectively. Compounds 1–2, 4–6, and 7–8 potently inhibited LPS-induced NO production, and compounds 5 and 8 showed markedly inhibited gelatinolysis of MMP-9 in S1 protein-stimulated THP-1 monocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Safwan Safwan
- Ph.D. Program in Clinical Drug Development of Herbal Medicine, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan;
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Science, University of Muhammadiyah Mataram, Mataram 83127, Indonesia
| | - Shih-Wei Wang
- Department of Medicine, Mackay Medical College, New Taipei City 25245, Taiwan;
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - George Hsiao
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan;
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Sui-Wen Hsiao
- Ph.D. Program in Drug Discovery and Development Industry, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan;
| | - Su-Jung Hsu
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan;
| | - Tzong-Huei Lee
- Institute of Fisheries Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (T.-H.L.); (C.-K.L.); Tel.: +886-2-33661828 (T.-H.L.); +886-2-27361661 (C.-K.L.)
| | - Ching-Kuo Lee
- Ph.D. Program in Clinical Drug Development of Herbal Medicine, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan;
- Ph.D. Program in Drug Discovery and Development Industry, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan;
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan;
- Correspondence: (T.-H.L.); (C.-K.L.); Tel.: +886-2-33661828 (T.-H.L.); +886-2-27361661 (C.-K.L.)
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50
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Industrially Important Genes from Trichoderma. Fungal Biol 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-91650-3_16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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