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Zhu X, Chen Y, Jiao J, Zhao S, Yan Y, Ma F, Yao JL, Li P. Four glycosyltransferase genes are responsible for synthesis and accumulation of different flavonol glycosides in apple tissues. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2024. [PMID: 38923617 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.16898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Flavonols are widely synthesized throughout the plant kingdom, playing essential roles in plant physiology and providing unique health benefits for humans. Their glycosylation plays significant role in improving their stability and solubility, thus their accumulation and function. However, the genes encoding the enzymes catalyze this glycosylation remain largely unknown in apple. This study utilized a combination of methods to identify genes encoding such enzymes. Initially, candidate genes were selected based on their potential to encode UDP-dependent glycosyltransferases (UGTs) and their expression patterns in response to light induction. Subsequently, through testing the in vitro enzyme activity of the proteins produced in Escherichia coli cells, four candidates were confirmed to encode a flavonol 3-O-galactosyltransferase (UGT78T6), flavonol 3-O-glucosyltransferase (UGT78S1), flavonol 3-O-xylosyltransferase/arabinosyltransferase (UGT78T5), and flavonol 3-O-rhamnosyltransferase (UGT76AE22), respectively. Further validation of these genes' functions was conducted by modulating their expression levels in stably transformed apple plants. As anticipated, a positive correlation was observed between the expression levels of these genes and the content of specific flavonol glycosides corresponding to each gene. Moreover, overexpression of a flavonol synthase gene, MdFLS, resulted in increased flavonol glycoside content in apple roots and leaves. These findings provide valuable insights for breeding programs aimed at enriching apple flesh with flavonols and for identifying flavonol 3-O-glycosyltransferases of other plant species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoping Zhu
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency Production/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Ying Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency Production/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Ju Jiao
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency Production/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Shanshan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency Production/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Yanfang Yan
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency Production/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Fengwang Ma
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency Production/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Jia-Long Yao
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Ltd., Auckland, 1142, New Zealand
| | - Pengmin Li
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency Production/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
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Yao HB, Almoallim HS, Alharbi SA, Feng H. Anti-Allergic and Anti-inflammatory Effects of Bakuchiol on Ovalbumin-Induced Allergic Rhinitis in Mice. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2024; 196:3456-3470. [PMID: 37665561 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-023-04675-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
Allergic rhinitis (AR) is a prevalent inflammatory disease primarily affecting the nasal mucosa and is caused by allergies. The common symptoms of AR include rhinorrhea, sneezing, itchy nose, congestion, teary eyes, and nasal rubbings. The present study assessed the beneficial properties of bakuchiol on OVA-induced AR in mice via the regulation of inflammatory responses. AR was induced by injecting (i.p.) OVA (50 µg) and aluminum hydroxide (1 mg) into mice at various time intervals. The bakuchiol treatment was done at dosages of 10 and 20 mg/kg with dexamethasone (2.5 mg/kg) as a positive control. The body weight and nasal symptoms were measured on the day of the last OVA challenge. For in vitro tests, mouse splenocytes were isolated, sensitized with 20 µL OVA, and then treated with 10 µM bakuchiol. The levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, immunoglobulins, histamine, leukotriene C4 (LTC-4), and prostaglandin D2 (PGD2) were assayed using the corresponding assay kits. The assay kits were also used to analyze the status of oxidative stress markers. The Th1/Th2 cell proportion was assessed using flow cytometry. The bakuchiol (10 and 20 mg/kg) treatment reduced the nasal symptoms in AR mice. Bakuchiol decreased the levels of IL-4, IL-5, IL-13, Igs (IgE and IgG1), histamine, IL-10, IL-33, and TNF-α in AR mice. Bakuchiol also reduced PGDA and LTC-4 levels in the NLF of AR mice. The ROS and MDA levels were decreased, whereas boosted SOD activity was observed in the bakuchiol-treated AR mice. The eosinophil count was decreased in the nasal tissues of bakuchiol-treated AR mice. Bakuchiol also influenced the Th1 and Th2 cell proportions in AR mice. The present findings suggest that bakuchiol is effective against OVA-mediated allergic and inflammatory responses in AR mice through its strong anti-inflammatory properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Bing Yao
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Fourth Hospital of Changsha, Changsha, 410006, China
| | - Hesham S Almoallim
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, PO Box-60169, 11545, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sulaiman Ali Alharbi
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, PO Box -2455, 11451, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hui Feng
- Department of Otolaryngology, Ankang Central Hospital, Ankang, 725000, China.
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Chen JY, Huang TR, Hsu SY, Huang CC, Wang HS, Chang JS. Effect and mechanism of quercetin or quercetin-containing formulas against COVID-19: From bench to bedside. Phytother Res 2024; 38:2597-2618. [PMID: 38479376 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.8175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024]
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has caused the global coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic since 2019. Immunopathogenesis and thromboembolic events are central to its pathogenesis. Quercetin exhibits several beneficial activities against COVID-19, including antiviral, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, antioxidative, and antithrombotic effects. Although several reviews have been published, these reviews are incomplete from the viewpoint of translational medicine. The authors comprehensively evaluated the evidence of quercetin against COVID-19, both basically and clinically, to apply quercetin and/or its derivatives in the future. The authors searched the PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library databases without any restrictions. The search terms included COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, quercetin, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, thrombosis, embolism, oxidative, and microbiota. The references of relevant articles were also reviewed. All authors independently screened and reviewed the quality of each included manuscript. The Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool, version 2 (RoB 2) was used to assess the quality of the included randomized controlled trials (RCTs). All selected studies were discussed monthly. The effectiveness of quercetin against COVID-19 is not solid due to methodological flaws in the clinical trials. High-quality studies are also required for quercetin-containing traditional Chinese medicines. The low bioavailability and highly variable pharmacokinetics of quercetin hinder its clinical applications. Its positive impact on immunomodulation through reverting dysbiosis of gut microbiota still lacks robust evidence. Quercetin against COVID-19 does not have tough clinical evidence. Strategies to improve its bioavailability and/or to develop its effective derivatives are needed. Well-designed RCTs are also crucial to confirm their effectiveness in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jhong Yuan Chen
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Tsung Rung Huang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Shih Yun Hsu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ching Chun Huang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Huei Syun Wang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Jung San Chang
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- PhD Program in Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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Farhan M, Rizvi A, Aatif M, Muteeb G, Khan K, Siddiqui FA. Dietary Polyphenols, Plant Metabolites, and Allergic Disorders: A Comprehensive Review. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:670. [PMID: 38931338 PMCID: PMC11207098 DOI: 10.3390/ph17060670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2024] [Revised: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Given the ongoing rise in the occurrence of allergic disorders, alterations in dietary patterns have been proposed as a possible factor contributing to the emergence and progression of these conditions. Currently, there is a significant focus on the development of dietary therapies that utilize natural compounds possessing anti-allergy properties. Dietary polyphenols and plant metabolites have been intensively researched due to their well-documented anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and immunomodulatory characteristics, making them one of the most prominent natural bioactive chemicals. This study seeks to discuss the in-depth mechanisms by which these molecules may exert anti-allergic effects, namely through their capacity to diminish the allergenicity of proteins, modulate immune responses, and modify the composition of the gut microbiota. However, further investigation is required to fully understand these effects. This paper examines the existing evidence from experimental and clinical studies that supports the idea that different polyphenols, such as catechins, resveratrol, curcumin, quercetin, and others, can reduce allergic inflammation, relieve symptoms of food allergy, asthma, atopic dermatitis, and allergic rhinitis, and prevent the progression of the allergic immune response. In summary, dietary polyphenols and plant metabolites possess significant anti-allergic properties and can be utilized for developing both preventative and therapeutic strategies for targeting allergic conditions. The paper also discusses the constraints in investigating and broad usage of polyphenols, as well as potential avenues for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohd Farhan
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Faisal University, Al Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Basic Sciences, Preparatory Year, King Faisal University, Al Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Asim Rizvi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India;
| | - Mohammad Aatif
- Department of Public Health, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Faisal University, Al Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Ghazala Muteeb
- Department of Nursing, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Faisal University, Al Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Kimy Khan
- Department of Dermatology, Almoosa Specialist Hospital, Dhahran Road, Al Mubarraz 36342, Al Ahsa, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Farhan Asif Siddiqui
- Department of Laboratory and Blood Bank, King Fahad Hospital, Prince Salman Street, Hofuf 36441, Saudi Arabia;
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Flores-Soto E, Romero-Martínez BS, Solís-Chagoyán H, Estrella-Parra EA, Avila-Acevedo JG, Gomez-Verjan JC, Reyes-García J, Casas-Hernández MF, Sommer B, Montaño LM. Chamaecyparis lawsoniana and Its Active Compound Quercetin as Ca 2+ Inhibitors in the Contraction of Airway Smooth Muscle. Molecules 2024; 29:2284. [PMID: 38792145 PMCID: PMC11123793 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29102284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Revised: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
The Cupressaceae family includes species considered to be medicinal. Their essential oil is used for headaches, colds, cough, and bronchitis. Cedar trees like Chamaecyparis lawsoniana (C. lawsoniana) are commonly found in urban areas. We investigated whether C. lawsoniana exerts some of its effects by modifying airway smooth muscle (ASM) contractility. The leaves of C. lawsoniana (363 g) were pulverized mechanically, and extracts were obtained by successive maceration 1:10 (w:w) with methanol/CHCl3. Guinea pig tracheal rings were contracted with KCl, tetraethylammonium (TEA), histamine (HIS), or carbachol (Cch) in organ baths. In the Cch experiments, tissues were pre-incubated with D-600, an antagonist of L-type voltage-dependent Ca2+ channels (L-VDCC) before the addition of C. lawsoniana. Interestingly, at different concentrations, C. lawsoniana diminished the tracheal contractions induced by KCl, TEA, HIS, and Cch. In ASM cells, C. lawsoniana significantly diminished L-type Ca2+ currents. ASM cells stimulated with Cch produced a transient Ca2+ peak followed by a sustained plateau maintained by L-VDCC and store-operated Ca2+ channels (SOCC). C. lawsoniana almost abolished this last response. These results show that C. lawsoniana, and its active metabolite quercetin, relax the ASM by inhibiting the L-VDCC and SOCC; further studies must be performed to obtain the complete set of metabolites of the extract and study at length their pharmacological properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edgar Flores-Soto
- Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Avenida Universidad No. 3000, Alcaldía de Coyoacán, C.P., Mexico City 04510, Mexico; (E.F.-S.); (B.S.R.-M.); (J.R.-G.); (M.F.C.-H.)
| | - Bianca S. Romero-Martínez
- Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Avenida Universidad No. 3000, Alcaldía de Coyoacán, C.P., Mexico City 04510, Mexico; (E.F.-S.); (B.S.R.-M.); (J.R.-G.); (M.F.C.-H.)
| | - Héctor Solís-Chagoyán
- Centro de Investigación en Ciencias Cognitivas, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Avenida Universidad 1001, Col. Chamilpa, C.P., Cuernavaca 62209, Mexico;
| | - Edgar A. Estrella-Parra
- Laboratorio de Fitoquímica, Unidad de Biología Tecnología y Prototipos, FES-Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Avenida de los Barrios No. 1, Los Reyes Iztacala, C.P., Tlalnepantla 54090, Mexico; (E.A.E.-P.); (J.G.A.-A.)
| | - Jose G. Avila-Acevedo
- Laboratorio de Fitoquímica, Unidad de Biología Tecnología y Prototipos, FES-Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Avenida de los Barrios No. 1, Los Reyes Iztacala, C.P., Tlalnepantla 54090, Mexico; (E.A.E.-P.); (J.G.A.-A.)
| | - Juan C. Gomez-Verjan
- Dirección de Investigación, Instituto Nacional de Geriatría (INGER), Anillo Periférico. 2767, San Jerónimo Lídice, La Magdalena, C.P., Mexico City 10200, Mexico;
| | - Jorge Reyes-García
- Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Avenida Universidad No. 3000, Alcaldía de Coyoacán, C.P., Mexico City 04510, Mexico; (E.F.-S.); (B.S.R.-M.); (J.R.-G.); (M.F.C.-H.)
| | - María F. Casas-Hernández
- Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Avenida Universidad No. 3000, Alcaldía de Coyoacán, C.P., Mexico City 04510, Mexico; (E.F.-S.); (B.S.R.-M.); (J.R.-G.); (M.F.C.-H.)
| | - Bettina Sommer
- Departamento de Investigación en Hiperreactividad Bronquial, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias “Ismael Cosio Villegas”, Calz. De Tlalpan 4502, Col. Sección XVI, Alcaldía de Tlalpan, C.P., Mexico City 14080, Mexico
| | - Luis M. Montaño
- Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Avenida Universidad No. 3000, Alcaldía de Coyoacán, C.P., Mexico City 04510, Mexico; (E.F.-S.); (B.S.R.-M.); (J.R.-G.); (M.F.C.-H.)
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Lin J, Li F, Jiao J, Qian Y, Xu M, Wang F, Sun X, Zhou T, Wu H, Kong X. Quercetin, a natural flavonoid, protects against hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury via inhibiting Caspase-8/ASC dependent macrophage pyroptosis. J Adv Res 2024:S2090-1232(24)00200-5. [PMID: 38735388 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2024.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 04/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) is an inevitable adverse event following liver surgery, leading to liver damage and potential organ failure. Despite advancements, effective interventions for hepatic IRI remain elusive, posing a significant clinical challenge. The innate immune response significantly contributes to the pathogenesis of hepatic IRI by promoting an inflammatory cytotoxic cycle. We have reported that blocking GSDMD-induced pyroptosis in innate immunity cells protected hepatic IRI from inflammatory injury. However, the search for effective pyroptosis inhibitors continues. OBJECTIVES This study aims to evaluate whether quercetin, a natural flavonoid, can inhibit GSDMD-induced pyroptosis and mitigate hepatic IRI. METHODS We established the hepatic IRI murine model and cellular pyroptosis model to evaluate the efficacy of quercetin. RESULTS Quercetin effectively alleviated hepatic IRI-induced tissue necrosis and inflammation. We found that during hepatic IRI, the cleavage of GSDMD occurred in hepatic macrophages, but not in other non-parenchymal cells. Quercetin inhibited the cleavage of GSDMD in macrophages. Moreover, we found that quercetin blocked the ASC assembly to inhibit the formation of NLRP3 inflammasomes and AIM2 inflammasomes, suppressing macrophage pyroptosis. Co-immunoprecipitation experiments confirmed that quercetin inhibited the interaction between ASC and Caspase-8, which is the mechanism of ASC complex and inflammasome formation. Overexpression of Caspase-8 abolished the anti-pyroptosis effect of quercetin in NLRP3 and AIM2 inflammasome signaling. Furthermore, we found that the hepatoprotective activity of quercetin was reduced in myelocytic GSDMD-deficient mice. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that quercetin has beneficial effects on hepatic IRI. Quercetin could attenuate hepatic IRI and target inhibition of macrophage pyroptosis via blocking Caspase-8/ASC interaction. We recommend that quercetin might serve as a targeted approach for the prevention and personalized treatment of hepatic IRI in perioperative patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiacheng Lin
- Central Laboratory, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Fuyang Li
- Central Laboratory, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Junzhe Jiao
- Central Laboratory, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yihan Qian
- Central Laboratory, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Min Xu
- Central Laboratory, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Fang Wang
- Central Laboratory, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuehua Sun
- Central Laboratory, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Tao Zhou
- Central Laboratory, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China; Department of Liver Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Hailong Wu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomedicines, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, China.
| | - Xiaoni Kong
- Central Laboratory, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.
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Biswas S, Ahn JM, Kim IH. Assessing the potential of phytogenic feed additives: A comprehensive review on their effectiveness as a potent dietary enhancement for nonruminant in swine and poultry. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2024; 108:711-723. [PMID: 38264830 DOI: 10.1111/jpn.13922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
Phytogenic feed additives (PFAs) often referred to as phytobiotics or botanical feed additives, are natural compounds derived from various plants, herbs, spices and other botanical sources. These feed additives are intended to serve a variety of purposes, including an immune system regulator, an antimicrobial, an antimutagenic, an antioxidant and a growth promoter. They are composed of bioactive compounds extracted from plants, including essential oils, polyphenols, terpenoids and flavonoids. They are mostly utilized as substitute antibiotic growth promoters in nonruminant (swine and poultry) livestock production, owing to the prohibition of antibiotic usage in the feed industry. It has been thoroughly examined to ascertain their impact on intestinal health and activity, correlation with animals' effective health and well-being, productivity, food security and environmental impact. The potential uses of these feed additives depend on the properties of herbs, the comprehension of their principal and secondary components, knowledge of their mechanisms of action, the safety of animals and the products they produce. They are gaining recognition as effective and sustainable tools for promoting animal health and performance while reducing the reliance on antibiotics in nonruminant nutrition. Their natural origins, multifaceted benefits and alignment with consumer preferences make them a valuable addition to modern animal farming process. However, because of their inconsistent effects and inadequate knowledge of the mechanisms of action, their usage as a feed additive has been limited. This review offers a comprehensive assessment of the applications of PFAs as an effective feed supplement in swine and poultry nutrition. In summary, this comprehensive review provides current knowledge, identifies gaps in research and emphasizes the potential of phytogenic additives to foster sustainable and healthier livestock production systems while addressing the global concerns associated with antibiotic use in livestock farming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarbani Biswas
- Department of Animal Resource and Science, Dankook University, Cheonan, South Korea
- Smart Animal Bio Institute, Dankook University, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Je M Ahn
- Department of Animal Resource and Science, Dankook University, Cheonan, South Korea
- Smart Animal Bio Institute, Dankook University, Cheonan, Korea
| | - In Ho Kim
- Department of Animal Resource and Science, Dankook University, Cheonan, South Korea
- Smart Animal Bio Institute, Dankook University, Cheonan, Korea
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Elattar MM, Darwish RS, Hammoda HM, Dawood HM. An ethnopharmacological, phytochemical, and pharmacological overview of onion (Allium cepa L.). JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 324:117779. [PMID: 38262524 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.117779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 12/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Onion (Allium cepa L.) is one of the most widely distributed species within the Allium genus of family Amaryllidaceae. Onion has been esteemed for its medicinal properties since antiquity. It has been consumed for centuries in various indigenous cultures for the management of several ailments including microbial infections, respiratory, gastrointestinal, skin and cardio-vascular disorders, diabetes, renal colic, rheumatism, sexual impotence, menstrual pain, and headache. However, so far, there is a scarcity of recent data that compiles the plant chemistry, traditional practices, biological features, and toxicity. AIM OF THE WORK The aim of this review is to provide a comprehensive and analytical overview of ethnopharmacological uses, phytochemistry, pharmacology, industrial applications, quality control, and toxicology of onion, to offer new perspectives and broad scopes for future studies. MATERIALS AND METHODS The information gathered in this review was obtained from various sources including books, scientific databases such as Science Direct, Wiley, PubMed, Google Scholar, and other domestic and foreign literature. RESULTS Onion has a long history of use as a traditional medicine for management of various conditions including infectious, inflammatory, respiratory, cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, and erectile dysfunction. More than 400 compounds have been identified in onion including flavonoids, phenolic acids, amino acids, peptides, saponins and fatty acids. The plant extracts and compounds showed various pharmacological activities such as antimicrobial, antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory, anti-hyperlipidemic, anticancer, aphrodisiac, cardioprotective, and neuroprotective activities. In addition to its predominant medicinal uses, onion has found various applications in the functional food industry. CONCLUSION Extensive literature analysis reveals that onion extracts and bioactive constituents possess diverse pharmacological activities that can be beneficial for treating various diseases. However, the current research primarily revolves around the documentation of ethnic pharmacology and predominantly consists of in vitro studies, with relatively limited in vivo and clinical studies. Consequently, it is imperative for future investigations to prioritize and expand the scope of in vivo and clinical research. Additionally, it is strongly recommended to direct further research efforts towards toxicity studies and quality control of the plant. These studies will help bridge the current knowledge gaps and establish a solid basis for exploring the plant's potential uses in a clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariam M Elattar
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Egypt.
| | - Reham S Darwish
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Egypt
| | - Hala M Hammoda
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Egypt
| | - Hend M Dawood
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Egypt
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Zhang H, Li Z, Sun Y, Li W, Sun X, Zhang Y, Liu L, Ma S. Mechanisms of action of Shizhenqing granules for eczema treatment: Network pharmacology analysis and experimental validation. Heliyon 2024; 10:e27603. [PMID: 38496849 PMCID: PMC10944262 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e27603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 03/03/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Jiuwan decoction has been used to treat chronic eczema since the Qing Dynasty. According to clinical experience, Shizhenqing granules (SZQG), derived from the Jiuwan decoction, exert beneficial clinical effects on acute eczema and reduce recurrence. Therefore, we elucidated the underlying mechanisms of SZQG through network pharmacology, molecular docking, and experimental validation. Methods The main chemical components of SZQG were identified by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS). And the targets of SZQG against eczema were screened out through online databases. Then, the regulatory network map of the "herbal compound-potential target" and the target protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed. The Gene Ontology (GO) analysis and the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analyses were conducted using by R language. Additionally, the interaction between the active compounds and the targets was verified by molecular docking technology. Finally, an experiment in vivo was used to verify the effect and mechanism of SZQG on eczema. Results Using UHPLC-MS/MS, 158 main chemical compounds of SZQG were identified, and 72 compounds were selected according to the criteria for further analysis. All 237 potential targets of SZQG in eczema were explored using multiple online databases. The network with 14 core targets was screened out, including STAT3, RELA, TNF, JUN, MAPK3, IL-6, PIK3CA, STAT1, MAPK14, MAPK1, IL-4, NFKBIA, IL1B, and MYC. KEGG analyses indicated that the therapeutic effects of SZQG on eczema were predominantly associated with cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, TNF, MAPK, NF-κB, toll-like receptor, T cell receptor, and Th1 and Th2 cell differentiation signaling pathways. Furthermore, the good affinity between the core compounds and core targets was verified by molecular docking technology, particularly for RELA and MAPK. Animal experiments revealed that SZQG downregulated MAPK14, RELA, T-bet, and GATA3 mRNA expression, reduced immunoglobulin E (IgE) and interleukin-4 (IL-4) serum concentrations, and improved eczema-like lesions in model rats. Conclusion This study identified potential targets and signaling pathways of SZQG in the treatment of eczema, whereby RELA and MAPK14 may constitute the main therapeutic targets of SZQG in cytokine regulation and reduction of inflammatory responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hairong Zhang
- Department of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai, 264000, Shandong, China
| | - Zhenbo Li
- Oregon College of Oriental Medicine, Portland, OR, 97209, USA
| | - Yike Sun
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, China
| | - Wenna Li
- Department of Acupuncture and Minimally Invasive Oncology, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Third Affiliated Hospital, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Xiao Sun
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, China
| | - Yapeng Zhang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, China
| | - Leilei Liu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, China
| | - Shuran Ma
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, China
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10
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Qin Z, Chen Y, Liu N, Wang Y, Su L, Liang B, Huang C. Mechanisms of Bushenyiqi decoction in the treatment of asthma: an investigation based on network pharmacology with experimental validation. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1361379. [PMID: 38590639 PMCID: PMC10999575 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1361379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Background and purpose: The Bushenyiqi decoction (BYD), a contemporary prescription of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), has been observed to significantly ameliorate asthma symptoms in patients based on clinical observations. Although multi-component and multi-target characteristics are important attributes of BYD treatment, its pharmacological effect on asthma and the underlying mechanism of action remain unclear. Method: Network pharmacology: the asthma-related genes were retrieved from the GeneCards and OMIM database. The active constituents of BYD and their corresponding target genes were collected from the TCMSP database. The underlying pathways associated with overlapping targets between BYD and asthma were identified through GO (Gene Ontology) and KEGG (Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes) enrichment analysis. Experimental validation: pulmonary function tests, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), Hematoxylin and eosin (HE), periodic acid-Schiff (PAS), and Masson's trichrome stainings were conducted to validate the efficacy of BYD in ameliorating airway inflammation in allergic asthma mice. Western blot (WB) and molecular docking were performed to confirm the involvement of the underlying pathway in BYD treatment of asthma. Results: The results of animal experiments demonstrated that BYD may improve airway responsiveness and suppress airway inflammation in allergic asthma mice. The network pharmacological analysis revealed the involvement of 11 potentially key active components, 9 potential key targets, and the phosphatidylinositol3 kinase-RAC-α serine/threonine-protein kinase (PI3K/AKT) signaling pathway in the mechanism of action of BYD for asthma treatment. Our findings have confirmed that BYD effectively alleviated airway inflammation by targeting interleukin 6 (IL-6), epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), and hypoxia inducible factor 1 alpha (HIF1A), with quercetin, kaempferol, and luteolin performing as the pivotal active constituents. BYD may potentially reduce inflammatory cell infiltration in lung tissues by regulating the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Conclusion: In conclusion, the integration of network pharmacology and biological experiments has demonstrated that key constituents of BYD, such as quercetin, kaempferol, and luteolin, exhibit targeted effects on IL-6, EGFR, and HIF1A in combating asthma-related inflammation through inhibition of the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. The findings of this investigation provide evidence supporting the effectiveness of TCM's "bushenyiqi" therapy in asthma management, as corroborated by contemporary medical technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziwen Qin
- The First Clinical Medical College, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Yujuan Chen
- Experimental Center, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Na Liu
- Department of Respiratory, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Yonggang Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Lili Su
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Bin Liang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Chuanjun Huang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
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11
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Abla M, Cai Y, Gao L, Wu J, Yang L. Changes in the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of Rosa rugosa 'Mohong' during fermentation. Heliyon 2024; 10:e25982. [PMID: 38434381 PMCID: PMC10904242 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e25982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Fermented rose petals are a traditional delicacy of the Dali Bai community in Yunnan, China. Fermentation enhances the quality and nutritional value of roses, as well as their efficacy, by increasing the levels of phenolic compounds. This study aimed to investigate the significant variations in four active compounds throughout the traditional fermentation process. Four compounds in Rosa rugosa 'Mohong' were examined, and significant variations among polyphenols and antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities were observed. These variations were studied during fermentation by Saccharomyces rouxii at varying temperatures and durations. Moreover, the results showed that gallic acid and syringic acid content significantly increased (P < 0.05) with a rise in temperature from 20°C-35 °C during fermentation. Simultaneously, rutin and quercetin levels significantly decreased (P < 0.05) at all four temperatures throughout the five periods. The antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of fermented R. rugosa 'Mohong' methanol extracts were dose-dependent. Our results provide valuable insights into optimizing the processing scale and quality control of fermented rose products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Merhaba Abla
- Key Laboratory of Economic Plants and Biotechnology, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, Yunnan, China
| | - Yueyue Cai
- School of Ethnic Medicine, Yunnan Minzu University, Kunming, 650504, Yunnan, China
| | - Lu Gao
- School of Ethnic Medicine, Yunnan Minzu University, Kunming, 650504, Yunnan, China
| | - Jingsong Wu
- Key Laboratory of Economic Plants and Biotechnology, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, Yunnan, China
| | - Lixin Yang
- Key Laboratory of Economic Plants and Biotechnology, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, Yunnan, China
- School of Ethnic Medicine, Yunnan Minzu University, Kunming, 650504, Yunnan, China
- Center for Biodiversity and Indigenous Knowledge, Kunming, 650034, Yunnan, China
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12
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Ge X, Ju G, Lv X, Sui X, Zhang Y, Liang L, Yang Q, Wu W, Lv L. Reducing the allergenicity of tropomyosin in shrimp by covalent conjugation with quercetin and chlorogenic acid. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 262:130099. [PMID: 38342255 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.130099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/13/2024]
Abstract
The study aimed to assay the allergenicity of shrimp tropomyosin (TM) following covalent conjugation with quercetin (QR) and chlorogenic acid (CA). The structure of the TM-polyphenol covalent conjugates was examined by sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE), circular dichroism (CD), fluorescence, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and Fourier Transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Potential allergenicity was evaluated using in vitro and in vivo methods. The results showed that QR and CA induced structural changes in TM through aggregation. RBL-2H3 cell results showed that TM-QR and TM-CA covalent conjugates reduced the release of β-hexosaminidase and histamine, respectively. In the mice model, TM-QR and TM-CA covalent conjugates reduced the level of IgE, IgG, IgG1, histamine, and mMCP-1 in sera. Furthermore, the allergenicity was reduced by suppressing Th2-related cytokines (IL-4, IL-5, IL-13) and promoting Th1-related cytokines (IFN-γ). These research findings demonstrate that the covalent binding of TM with QR and CA, modifies the allergenic epitopes of shrimp TM, thereby reducing its potential allergenicity. This approach holds practical applications in the production of low-allergenicity food within the food industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Ge
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Guangxiu Ju
- Qingdao Municipal Center For Disease Control & Prevention, 175 Shandong Road shibei District, Qingdao, Shandong Province 266033, China
| | - Xiaojing Lv
- Qingdao Municipal Center For Disease Control & Prevention, 175 Shandong Road shibei District, Qingdao, Shandong Province 266033, China
| | - Xiufen Sui
- Qingdao Municipal Center For Disease Control & Prevention, 175 Shandong Road shibei District, Qingdao, Shandong Province 266033, China
| | - Yalin Zhang
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Lifan Liang
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Qingli Yang
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Wei Wu
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Liangtao Lv
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China.
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13
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Ajami M, Sotoudeheian M, Houshiar-Rad A, Esmaili M, Naeini F, Mohammadi Nasrabadi F, Doaei S, Milani-Bonab A. Quercetin may reduce the risk of developing the symptoms of COVID-19. AVICENNA JOURNAL OF PHYTOMEDICINE 2024; 14:189-201. [PMID: 38966631 PMCID: PMC11221767 DOI: 10.22038/ajp.2023.22920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Revised: 09/10/2022] [Accepted: 09/11/2022] [Indexed: 07/06/2024]
Abstract
Objective Recent evidence reported that some dietary compounds like quercetin and apigenin as the most well-known flavonoids with anti-inflammatory effects may inhibit SARS-CoV-2 main protease. The hypothesis of the promising effects and possible mechanisms of action of quercetin against COVID-19 were assessed in this article. Materials and Methods Related papers on the inhibitory effects of quercetin against COVID-19 were collected using the following search strategy: "corona or coronavirus or COVID or COVID-19 or viral or virus" AND "nutrient or flavonoid or Quercetin". Results The findings indicated that quercetin can be considered an effective agent against COVID-19 because of its SARS-CoV-2 main protease and RNA-dependent RNA polymerase inhibitory effects. In addition, quercetin may attenuate angiotensin-converting enzyme-2 (ACE-2) receptors leading to a reduction of SARS-CoV-2 ability to enter host cells. Moreover, the antiviral, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory activities of quercetin have been frequently reported. Conclusion Quercetin may be an effective agent for managing the complications of COVID-19. Further longitudinal human studies are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marjan Ajami
- Department of Food and Nutrition Policy and Planning Research, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Anahita Houshiar-Rad
- Department of Nutrition Research, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mina Esmaili
- Department of Nutrition Research, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Naeini
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran university of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Mohammadi Nasrabadi
- Department of Food and Nutrition Policy and Planning Research, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saied Doaei
- Department of Community Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Milani-Bonab
- Department of Food and Nutrition Policy and Planning Research, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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14
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Das D, Banerjee A, Mukherjee S, Maji BK. Quercetin inhibits NF-kB and JAK/STAT signaling via modulating TLR in thymocytes and splenocytes during MSG-induced immunotoxicity: an in vitro approach. Mol Biol Rep 2024; 51:277. [PMID: 38319443 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-024-09245-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The most widely used food additive monosodium glutamate (MSG) has been linked to immunopathology. Conversely, quercetin (Q), a naturally occurring flavonoid has been demonstrated to have immunomodulatory functions. Therefore, the purpose of the study is to determine if quercetin can mitigate the deleterious effects of MSG on immune cells, and the possible involvement of TLR, if any. METHODS AND RESULTS: This study was conducted on Q, to determine how it affects the inflammatory response triggered by MSG in primary cultured thymocytes and splenocytes from rats (n = 5). Q shielded cells by augmenting cell survival and decreasing lactate dehydrogenase leakage during MSG treatment. It decreased IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α expression and release by hindering NF-kB activation and by inhibiting the JAK/STAT pathway. Moreover, Q prevented NLRP3 activation, lowered IL-1β production, and promoted an anti-inflammatory response by increasing IL-10 production. Q reduced MSG-induced cellular stress and inflammation by acting as an agonist for PPAR-γ and LXRα, preventing NF-kB activation, and lowering MMP-9 production via increasing TIMP-1. Additionally, Q neutralized free radicals, elevated intracellular antioxidants, and impeded RIPK3, which is involved in inflammation induced by oxidative stress, TNF-α, and TLR agonists in MSG-treated cells. Furthermore, it also modulated TYK2 and the JAK/STAT pathway, which exhibited an anti-inflammatory effect. CONCLUSIONS MSG exposure is associated with immune cell dysfunction, inflammation, and oxidative stress, and Q modulates TLR to inhibit NF-kB and JAK/STAT pathways, providing therapeutic potential. Further research is warranted to understand Q's downstream effects and explore its potential clinical applications in inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debasmita Das
- Department of Physiology (UG & PG), Serampore College, 9 William Carey Road, Serampore, Hooghly, West Bengal, 712201, India
| | - Arnab Banerjee
- Department of Physiology (UG & PG), Serampore College, 9 William Carey Road, Serampore, Hooghly, West Bengal, 712201, India.
| | - Sandip Mukherjee
- Department of Physiology (UG & PG), Serampore College, 9 William Carey Road, Serampore, Hooghly, West Bengal, 712201, India
| | - Bithin Kumar Maji
- Department of Physiology (UG & PG), Serampore College, 9 William Carey Road, Serampore, Hooghly, West Bengal, 712201, India.
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15
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Li R, Wang G, Liu R, Luo L, Zhang Y, Wan Z. Quercetin improved hepatic circadian rhythm dysfunction in middle-aged mice fed with vitamin D-deficient diet. J Physiol Biochem 2024; 80:137-147. [PMID: 37948027 DOI: 10.1007/s13105-023-00990-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
We aimed to determine whether quercetin is capable of improving circadian rhythm and metabolism disorder under vitamin D-deficient condition. Middle-aged mice were randomly divided into four groups, namely, control (CON), vitamin D-deficient diet (VDD), quercetin (Q), and quercetin intervention in vitamin D-deficient diet (VDQ), with a total of 12 weeks' intervention. Mice were sacrificed at zeitgeber time1 (ZT1) and ZT13 time points. At ZT1, circadian locomotor output cycle kaput (CLOCK) protein expression from VDD, Q, and VDQ groups; CRY1 from Q group; and CRY2 from VDD group were significantly lower compared to CON group. The mRNA expression of Sirt1, Bmal1, Clock, Cry1, and Cry2 in VDQ groups, also Bmal1, Clock, and Cry1 from Q group, were significantly decreased compared to CON group. At ZT13, compared to CON group, fasting insulin and homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) were higher in VDD group; BMAL1 was significantly increased, while CLOCK and CRY1 protein were significantly decreased from VDD group; CLOCK protein from VDQ group was significantly higher compared to CON, VDD, and Q groups, and also, BMAL1 protein expression from VDQ group was elevated compared to CON group. The mRNA expression of Bmal1, Clock, Per2, Cry1, and Cry2 in VDQ groups were significantly increased compared to CON groups. The mRNA expression of Bmal1 from VDQ group was decreased compared to both VDD and Q group. In conclusion, vitamin D-deficient diet resulted in a disordered liver circadian rhythm, and quercetin improved the hepatic circadian desynchronization. Quercetin supplementation might be effective for balancing circadian rhythm under vitamin D-deficient condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Li
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Guiping Wang
- Laboratory Animal Center, Medical College of Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou, China
| | - Ruitong Liu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Lan Luo
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou, 215123, China
- Shaoxing People's Hospital, Shaoxing Hospital of Zhejiang University, No. 568, Zhongxing North Road, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, 312000, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Zhongxiao Wan
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou, 215123, China.
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16
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Deng TT, Ding WY, Lu XX, Zhang QH, Du JX, Wang LJ, Yang MN, Yin Y, Liu FJ. Pharmacological and mechanistic aspects of quercetin in osteoporosis. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1338951. [PMID: 38333006 PMCID: PMC10851760 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1338951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis (OP) is a bone disease associated with increasing age. Currently, the most common medications used to treat OP are anabolic agents, anti-resorptive agents, and medications with other mechanisms of action. However, many of these medications have unfavorable adverse effects or are not intended for long-term use, potentially exerting a severe negative impact on a patient's life and career and placing a heavy burden on families and society. There is an urgent need to find new drugs that can replace these and have fewer adverse effects. Quercetin (Que) is a common flavonol in nature. Numerous studies have examined the therapeutic applications of Que. However, a comprehensive review of the anti-osteoporotic effects of Que has not yet been conducted. This review aimed to describe the recent studies on the anti-osteoporotic effects of Que, including its biological, pharmacological, pharmacokinetic, and toxicological properties. The outcomes demonstrated that Que could enhance OP by increasing osteoblast differentiation and activity and reducing osteoclast differentiation and activity via the pathways of Wnt/β-catenin, BMP/SMAD/RUNX2, OPG/RANKL/RANK, ERK/JNK, oxidative stress, apoptosis, and transcription factors. Thus, Que is a promising novel drug for the treatment of OP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting-Ting Deng
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Wen-Yu Ding
- Shandong Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, China
- Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Xi-Xue Lu
- Bone Biomechanics Engineering Laboratory of Shandong Province, Shandong Medicinal Biotechnology Center, School of Biomedical Sciences, Neck-Shoulder and Lumbocrural Pain Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Qing-Hao Zhang
- Bone Biomechanics Engineering Laboratory of Shandong Province, Shandong Medicinal Biotechnology Center, School of Biomedical Sciences, Neck-Shoulder and Lumbocrural Pain Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Jin-Xin Du
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Li-Juan Wang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
- Bone Biomechanics Engineering Laboratory of Shandong Province, Shandong Medicinal Biotechnology Center, School of Biomedical Sciences, Neck-Shoulder and Lumbocrural Pain Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Mei-Na Yang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Biotechnology Drugs (Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences), Biomedical Sciences College, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Ying Yin
- Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Fan-Jie Liu
- Bone Biomechanics Engineering Laboratory of Shandong Province, Shandong Medicinal Biotechnology Center, School of Biomedical Sciences, Neck-Shoulder and Lumbocrural Pain Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
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17
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Nassar K, El-Mekawey D, Elmasry AE, Refaey MS, El-Sayed Ghoneim M, Elshaier YAMM. The significance of caloric restriction mimetics as anti-aging drugs. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 692:149354. [PMID: 38091837 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2023.149354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 11/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
Aging is an intricate process characterized by the gradual deterioration of the physiological integrity of a living organism. This unfortunate phenomenon inevitably leads to a decline in functionality and a heightened susceptibility to the ultimate fate of mortality. Therefore, it is of utmost importance to implement interventions that possess the capability to reverse or preempt age-related pathology. Caloric restriction mimetics (CRMs) refer to a class of molecules that have been observed to elicit advantageous outcomes on both health and longevity in various model organisms and human subjects. Notably, these compounds offer a promising alternative to the arduous task of adhering to a caloric restriction diet and mitigate the progression of the aging process and extend the duration of life in laboratory animals and human population. A plethora of molecular signals have been linked to the practice of caloric restriction, encompassing Insulin-like Growth Factor 1 (IGF1), Mammalian Target of Rapamycin (mTOR), the Adenosine Monophosphate-Activated Protein Kinase (AMPK) pathway, and Sirtuins, with particular emphasis on SIRT1. Therefore, this review will center its focus on several compounds that act as CRMs, highlighting their molecular targets, chemical structures, and mechanisms of action. Moreover, this review serves to underscore the significant relationship between post COVID-19 syndrome, antiaging, and importance of utilizing CRMs. This particular endeavor will serve as a comprehensive guide for medicinal chemists and other esteemed researchers, enabling them to meticulously conceive and cultivate novel molecular entities with the potential to function as efficacious antiaging pharmaceutical agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khloud Nassar
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sadat City, Menoufia, 32897, Egypt
| | - Doaa El-Mekawey
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sadat City, Menoufia, 32897, Egypt
| | - Ahmed E Elmasry
- Department Organic and Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sadat City, Menoufia, 32897, Egypt
| | - Mohamed S Refaey
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sadat City, Menoufia, 32897, Egypt
| | - Mai El-Sayed Ghoneim
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sadat City, Menoufia, 32897, Egypt.
| | - Yaseen A M M Elshaier
- Department Organic and Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sadat City, Menoufia, 32897, Egypt
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18
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Ahmad SS, Lim JH, Ahmad K, Chun HJ, Hur SJ, Lee EJ, Choi I. Targeting myostatin using quercetin as a media supplement to improve myogenesis for cultured meat production: An in silico and in vitro study. Curr Res Food Sci 2024; 8:100678. [PMID: 38298827 PMCID: PMC10828575 DOI: 10.1016/j.crfs.2024.100678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Cultured meat (CM) is an alternative protein food and is produced by cultivating muscle satellite (stem) cells (MSCs) derived from livestock animals (bovine, chickens, and porcine) through myogenesis leading to generate muscle mass. Myostatin (MSTN) is well well-known negative regulator of myogenesis, and in the present study, in silico screening of natural compounds was performed to identify MSTN inhibitors. Interestingly, quercetin was found to inhibit MSTN (binding energy -7.40 kcal/mol), and this was further validated by a 100 ns molecular dynamics simulation. Quercetin was added to culture media to boost myogenesis, and its potent antioxidant property helped maintain media pH. Furthermore, quercetin increased the myotube thickness and length, increased MSC differentiation, and upregulated the gene and protein expressions of myoblast determination protein 1 (MYOD), Myogenin (MYOG), and Myosin heavy chains (MYH) in vitro. In addition, quercetin inhibited the activities of MSTN, activin receptor type-2B (ACVR2B), and SMAD2 and 3, and thus significantly enhanced MSC differentiation and myotube formation. Overall, this study shows that quercetin might be useful for enhancing large-scale CM production. It is hoped that this study provides a starting point for research in the CM area aimed to enhancing product quality, nutritional values, and the efficacy of large-scale production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syed Sayeed Ahmad
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, 38541, South Korea
- Research Institute of Cell Culture, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, 38541, South Korea
| | - Jeong Ho Lim
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, 38541, South Korea
- Research Institute of Cell Culture, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, 38541, South Korea
| | - Khurshid Ahmad
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, 38541, South Korea
- Research Institute of Cell Culture, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, 38541, South Korea
| | - Hee Jin Chun
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, 38541, South Korea
| | - Sun Jin Hur
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong, 17546, South Korea
| | - Eun Ju Lee
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, 38541, South Korea
- Research Institute of Cell Culture, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, 38541, South Korea
| | - Inho Choi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, 38541, South Korea
- Research Institute of Cell Culture, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, 38541, South Korea
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do Nascimento SN, Mazzei JL, Tostes JBDF, Nakamura MJ, Valente LMM, de Lima RC, Nunes PCG, de Azeredo EL, Berrueta LA, Gallo B, Siani AC. Miconia albicans (Melastomataceae) to treat Chikungunya viral infection: An effectual symptom-driven ethnomedicinal repurposing of an anti-inflammatory species? JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 318:116875. [PMID: 37451491 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.116875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/01/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Miconia albicans (MA) is consumed all over the Brazilian territory as a remedy to treat rheumatoid arthritis and has been increasingly used to alleviate the deleterious symptoms caused by Chikungunya virus (CHIKV). AIM OF THE STUDY To investigate the effect of MA leaf and stem hydroethanolic extracts (LE and SE, respectively), their fractions enriched in triterpene acids or polyphenols as well isolated constituents, on CHIKV hosted in Vero cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS Polyphenol profiles of LE and SE were dereplicated by HPLC-DAD-ESI-MS/MS, aided by standards. Polyphenol-rich (LEx and SEx) and triterpenic acid-rich (LOH and SOH) fractions were obtained in Amberlite XAD-4 and alkalinized 95% ethanol (EtOH) extraction, respectively. TPC and TFC were assessed by colorimetric methods. Three representative flavonoids and two triterpenic acids were quantified by HPLC. CHIKV load suppression was evaluated in Vero cells by real-time qRT‒PCR at noncytotoxic concentrations. RESULTS Fifteen flavonoids were characterized in LE and SE. LEx presented isoquercitrin, quercitrin, rutin (0.49-1.51%) and quercetin. The TPC was 48 and 62 mg QE/g extract, and the TFC was 11.93 and 0.76 mg QE/g extract for LEx and SEx, respectively. LOH presented ursolic (15.3%) and oleanolic (8.0%) acids. A reduction (91-97%) in the CHIKV load was produced by the triterpene fraction, quercitrin and quercetin; the latter maintained the activity down to one twentieth of the tolerated concentration. CONCLUSION M. albicans contains flavonoids and triterpenic acids that are effective against CHIKV, which might justify its use to alleviate sequelae of CHIKV infection. However, further investigations on the species and its active constituents are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Neves do Nascimento
- Laboratory of Technology for Biodiversity in Health, Institute of Drug Technology, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rua Sizenando Nabuco 100, Manguinhos, 21041-250, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
| | - José Luiz Mazzei
- Laboratory of Technology for Biodiversity in Health, Institute of Drug Technology, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rua Sizenando Nabuco 100, Manguinhos, 21041-250, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
| | - João Batista de Freitas Tostes
- Laboratory of Technology for Biodiversity in Health, Institute of Drug Technology, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rua Sizenando Nabuco 100, Manguinhos, 21041-250, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
| | - Marcos Jun Nakamura
- Laboratory of Technology for Biodiversity in Health, Institute of Drug Technology, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rua Sizenando Nabuco 100, Manguinhos, 21041-250, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
| | - Ligia Maria Marino Valente
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Av. Athos da Silveira Ramos, 149, C. T., Bl. A, 21941-909, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
| | - Raquel Curtinhas de Lima
- Laboratory of Virus-Host Interactions, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Av. Brasil 4365, 21045-900, Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
| | - Priscila Conrado Guerra Nunes
- Laboratory of Virus-Host Interactions, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Av. Brasil 4365, 21045-900, Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
| | - Elzinandes Leal de Azeredo
- Laboratory of Virus-Host Interactions, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Av. Brasil 4365, 21045-900, Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
| | - Luis Angel Berrueta
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Facultad de Ciencia y Tecnología, Universidad del País Vasco/Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea (UPV/EHU), PO Box 644, 48080, Bilbao, Spain.
| | - Blanca Gallo
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Facultad de Ciencia y Tecnología, Universidad del País Vasco/Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea (UPV/EHU), PO Box 644, 48080, Bilbao, Spain.
| | - Antonio Carlos Siani
- Laboratory of Technology for Biodiversity in Health, Institute of Drug Technology, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rua Sizenando Nabuco 100, Manguinhos, 21041-250, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
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Ballini A, Zhurakivska K, Troiano G, Lo Muzio L, Caponio VCA, Spirito F, Porro R, Rella M, Cantore S, Arrigoni R, Dioguardi M. Dietary Polyphenols against Oxidative Stress in Head and Neck Cancer: What's New, What's Next. J Cancer 2024; 15:293-308. [PMID: 38169656 PMCID: PMC10758035 DOI: 10.7150/jca.90545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Head and neck cancers (HNC) are a worldwide health problem, accounting for over 5% of all types of cancers. Their varied nature makes it sometimes difficult to find clear explanations for the molecular mechanisms that underline their onset and development. While chemio- and radiotherapy are clearly not to be dismissed, we cannot undervalue the effect that polyphenols - especially dietary polyphenols - can have in helping us to cope with this medical emergency. By influencing several different proteins involved in numerous different metabolic pathways, polyphenols can have a broad spectrum of biological action and can hopefully act synergistically to tackle down head and neck cancer. Moreover, being natural molecules, polyphenols does not present any side effects and can even enhance drugs efficacy, making our clinical therapy against head and neck cancer more and more effective. Certainly, oxidative stress plays an important role, altering several molecular pathways, lowering the body's defenses, and ultimately helping to create a microenvironment conducive to the appearance and development of the tumor. In this regard, the regular and constant intake of foods rich in polyphenols can help counteract the onset of oxidative stress, improving the health of the general population. In this review, we highlight the role of polyphenols in managing oxidative stress, with such positive effects that they can be considered new tools to use in our anti-head and neck cancer strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Ballini
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Khrystyna Zhurakivska
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Troiano
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Lo Muzio
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | | | - Francesca Spirito
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Rosa Porro
- Department of Informatics, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Bari, Italy
| | - Martina Rella
- AULSS4 - Veneto Orientale - Portogruaro, Venice, Italy
| | - Stefania Cantore
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Naples, Italy
| | - Roberto Arrigoni
- CNR Institute of Biomembranes, Bioenergetics and Molecular Biotechnologies (IBIOM), Bari, Italy
| | - Mario Dioguardi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
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Huang CY, Ng MY, Lin T, Liao YW, Huang WS, Hsieh CW, Yu CC, Chen CJ. Quercetin ameliorates advanced glycation end product-induced wound healing impairment and inflammaging in human gingival fibroblasts. J Dent Sci 2024; 19:268-275. [PMID: 38303825 PMCID: PMC10829550 DOI: 10.1016/j.jds.2023.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 04/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Background/purpose Diabetes mellitus (DM) and periodontal disease are both prevalent and chronic inflammatory disorders that have significant health impact. Many studies have pointed out that advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) in DM induces inflammaging, which is a pre-aging and hyperinflammatory condition, and it has been linked to a greater likelihood in developing periodontitis. Inflammaging in DM has been shown to be driven by AGEs-induced cell senescence, inflammatory cytokines, and oxidative stress, resulting in the degradation of periodontium. Quercetin has shown abilities to decrease inflammation and oxidative stress in a variety of tissues, however, the effect in diabetic periodontitis remains uncertain. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate its impacts on inflammaging in diabetic periodontitis. Materials and methods We examined cell proliferation in human gingival fibroblasts (HGF), wound healing, IL-6 and IL-8 secretions, cellular senescence expression, and the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in response to AGE stimulation with and without Quercetin intervention. Following that, we looked into NF-κβ activity to see if Quercetin mediate its effects via this pro-inflammatory signaling. Results Quercetin at 20 μM and below did not have any impact on HGFs' cell proliferation rate. Quercetin intervention improved the AGEs-impaired wound healing, in addition to the attenuation of AGEs-induced ROS in a dose-dependent pattern. Moreover, Quercetin therapy dose-dependently inhibited AGEs-induced cell senescence activity along with its senescence associated secretion phenotype (SASP) secretions such as IL-6 and IL-8. Western blot analysis indicated that Quercetin was able to reverse the phosphorylation of p65 and Iκβ in AGEs-stimulated HGFs, demonstrating it can modulate NF-κβ pathway. Conclusion Accumulation of AGEs can elicit inflammaging in HGFs, as seen by increased pro-inflammatory cytokines, cell senescence expression and oxidative stress. The results proposed that Quercetin is able to ameliorate inflammaging in diabetic periodontitis and improve wound healing via the suppression of NF-κβ pathway and hence, may be a promising approach for treatment of diabetes-associated periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao-Yen Huang
- Institute of Oral Sciences, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Min Yee Ng
- School of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Taichen Lin
- School of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Wen Liao
- Institute of Oral Sciences, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Shiuan Huang
- Institute of Oral Sciences, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chang-Wei Hsieh
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Chia Yu
- Institute of Oral Sciences, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- School of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Jung Chen
- School of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Division of Periodontics, Department of Dentistry, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
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Hu Q, Zhang W, Wei F, Huang M, Shu M, Song D, Wen J, Wang J, Nian Q, Ma X, Zeng J, Zhao Y. Human diet-derived polyphenolic compounds and hepatic diseases: From therapeutic mechanisms to clinical utilization. Phytother Res 2024; 38:280-304. [PMID: 37871899 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.8043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
This review focuses on the potential ameliorative effects of polyphenolic compounds derived from human diet on hepatic diseases. It discusses the molecular mechanisms and recent advancements in clinical applications. Edible polyphenols have been found to play a therapeutic role, particularly in liver injury, liver fibrosis, NAFLD/NASH, and HCC. In the regulation of liver injury, polyphenols exhibit anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects, primarily targeting the TGF-β, NF-κB/TLR4, PI3K/AKT, and Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathways. In the regulation of liver fibrosis, polyphenolic compounds effectively reverse the fibrotic process by inhibiting the activation of hepatic stellate cells (HSC). Furthermore, polyphenolic compounds show efficacy against NAFLD/NASH by inhibiting lipid oxidation and accumulation, mediated through the AMPK, SIRT, and PPARγ pathways. Moreover, several polyphenolic compounds exhibit anti-HCC activity by suppressing tumor cell proliferation and metastasis. This inhibition primarily involves blocking Akt and Wnt signaling, as well as inhibiting the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Additionally, clinical trials and nutritional evidence support the notion that certain polyphenols can improve liver disease and associated metabolic disorders. However, further fundamental research and clinical trials are warranted to validate the efficacy of dietary polyphenols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qichao Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Wenwen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Feng Wei
- School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Meilan Huang
- TCM Regulating Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Mengyao Shu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Dan Song
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Jianxia Wen
- School of Food and Bioengineering, Xihua University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jundong Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Qing Nian
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiao Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Jinhao Zeng
- School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- TCM Regulating Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yanling Zhao
- Department of Pharmacy, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
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Jaiswal N, Kumar A. Candida die-off: Adverse effect and neutralization with phytotherapy approaches. Toxicon 2024; 237:107555. [PMID: 38072320 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2023.107555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
Candida albicans is the main species that causes 3rd most common bloodstream infection candidiasis in hospitalization. Once it has been diagnosed and treated with antifungal medications accurately, large amounts of Candida cells are killed off rapidly known as Candida die-off or Jarisch-Herxheimer reactions. When Candida cells are killed off quickly, a large no. of toxic substances are released simultaneously. This flood of endotoxins is noxious (harmful) and causes the kidneys and liver to work overtime to try and remove them which causes worsening of symptoms in patients. As a complementary and holistic approach to addressing Candida die-off and its associated symptoms, plant-based remedies i.e., phytotherapy have been gaining increased attention. In this review paper, we have discussed major factors involved in provoking Candida die-off, their management by phytotherapy, challenges associated with the toxic effects due to die-off, and neutralization of Candida die-off through phytotherapy to manage this problem and challenges. In conclusion, this article serves as a meticulous compilation of knowledge on the intriguing subject of Candida die-off, presenting a distinct and informative perspective that has the potential to pave the way for new insights in the realm of plant-based antifungal therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neha Jaiswal
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology, Raipur, CG, India
| | - Awanish Kumar
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology, Raipur, CG, India.
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Yu W, Zhu H, Huang R, Yan B, Xu B, Shi Y, Mao J, Liu Z, Wang J. Roles of Cyt-c/Caspase-9/Caspase-3/Bax/Bcl-2 pathway in Cd-induced testicular injury in rats and the protective effect of quercetin. Toxicon 2024; 237:107561. [PMID: 38092195 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2023.107561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) exposure causes oxidative damage to mitochondria, which would adversely affect rat testicular tissue. Quercetin (Que) is a natural antioxidant with anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and anti-apoptotic effects. However, the mechanism by which Que inhibits Cd-induced apoptosis of testicular cells remains unclear. The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of mitochondrial apoptosis pathway (Cyt-c/Caspase-9/Caspase-3/Bax/Bcl-2 pathway) in inhibiting Cd-induced apoptosis of testicular cells by Que. We used SD rats to simulate Cd chloride exposure by treating all sides of the rats with CdCl2 and/or Que. The levels of GSH and MDA in rat testis were detected using reagent kits. The effects of CdCl2 and/or Que on tissue damage, apoptosis, and gene and protein expression of the Cyt-c/Caspase-9/Caspase-3/Bax/Bcl-2 pathway in rat testis were examined by HE, TUNEL, RNA extraction and reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), and Western blot (Wb). The results show that Cd significantly increased the contents of GSH and MDA in rat testis (P < 0.01); conversely, Que significantly reduced the contents of GSH and MDA (P < 0.01). Cd inflicted damage to testicular tissue, and Que addition significantly reduced the damage. Cd increased the number of apoptosis of testicle cells, and Que inhibited testicle-cell apoptosis. In addition, the results of reverse transcription PCR and Wb assays confirmed that, as expected, Cd increased the expression levels of Cyt-c, Caspase-9, Caspase-3, and Bax mRNAs as well as proteins. And at the same time decreased the expression of the anti-apoptotic factor Bcl-2 in the cells. Surprisingly, these effects were reversed when Que was added. Therefore, Que can play an antioxidant and anti-apoptotic role in reducing the testicular tissue damage caused by Cd exposure. This provides a conceptual basis for the later development and utilization of Que as well as the prevention and treatment of tissue damage caused by Cd exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Yu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, No.263, Kaiyuan Avenue, 471023, Luoyang, PR China
| | - Huali Zhu
- Law Hospital, Henan University of Science and Technology, No.263, Kaiyuan Avenue, 471023, Luoyang, PR China
| | - Ruxue Huang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, No.263, Kaiyuan Avenue, 471023, Luoyang, PR China
| | - Bingzhao Yan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, No.263, Kaiyuan Avenue, 471023, Luoyang, PR China
| | - Bing Xu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, No.263, Kaiyuan Avenue, 471023, Luoyang, PR China
| | - Yaning Shi
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, No.263, Kaiyuan Avenue, 471023, Luoyang, PR China
| | - Junbing Mao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, No.263, Kaiyuan Avenue, 471023, Luoyang, PR China
| | - Zongping Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, No.12, East Wenhui Road, 225009, Yangzhou, PR China
| | - Jicang Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, No.263, Kaiyuan Avenue, 471023, Luoyang, PR China.
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Devi V, Deswal G, Dass R, Chopra B, Kriplani P, Grewal AS, Guarve K, Dhingra AK. Therapeutic Potential and Clinical Effectiveness of Quercetin: A Dietary Supplement. RECENT ADVANCES IN FOOD, NUTRITION & AGRICULTURE 2024; 15:13-32. [PMID: 38258783 DOI: 10.2174/012772574x269376231107095831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Fruits and vegetables (like apples, citrus, grapes, onions, parsley, etc.) are the primary dietary sources of quercetin. In addition, isolated quercetin is also available on the market as a dietary supplement with a daily dose of up to 1000 mg/d. The objective of the present study is to explore the therapeutic potential and clinical efficacy of quercetin as a dietary supplement. The present paper highlights the safety parameters and clinical trial studies with several targets reviewed from the data available on PubMed, Science Direct, ClinicalTrails. gov, and from many reputed foundations. The results of the studies prove the unique position of quercetin in the treatment of various disorders and the possibility of using phytochemicals such as quercetin for an efficient cure. As evidenced by the numerous published reports on human interventions, it has been concluded that quercetin intake significantly improves disease conditions with minimal adverse effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vishakha Devi
- Department of Pharmacy, Guru Gobind Singh College of Pharmacy, Yamuna Nagar-135001, Haryana, India
| | - Geeta Deswal
- Department of Pharmacy, Guru Gobind Singh College of Pharmacy, Yamuna Nagar-135001, Haryana, India
| | - Rameshwar Dass
- Department of Pharmacy, Guru Gobind Singh College of Pharmacy, Yamuna Nagar-135001, Haryana, India
| | - Bhawna Chopra
- Department of Pharmacy, Guru Gobind Singh College of Pharmacy, Yamuna Nagar-135001, Haryana, India
| | - Priyanka Kriplani
- Department of Pharmacy, Guru Gobind Singh College of Pharmacy, Yamuna Nagar-135001, Haryana, India
| | - Ajmer Singh Grewal
- Department of Pharmacy, Guru Gobind Singh College of Pharmacy, Yamuna Nagar-135001, Haryana, India
| | - Kumar Guarve
- Department of Pharmacy, Guru Gobind Singh College of Pharmacy, Yamuna Nagar-135001, Haryana, India
| | - Ashwani K Dhingra
- Department of Pharmacy, Guru Gobind Singh College of Pharmacy, Yamuna Nagar-135001, Haryana, India
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Biswas S, Cho S, Ahn JM, Kim IH. Influences of flavonoid (quercetin) inclusion to corn-soybean-gluten meal-based diet on broiler performance. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2024; 108:64-71. [PMID: 37555477 DOI: 10.1111/jpn.13868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023]
Abstract
Quercetin (a predominant flavonoid) is considered to have antimicrobial and antioxidant properties. This trial was conducted to evaluate the impact of graded doses of quercetin (QS) on growth efficiency, nutrient retention, faecal score, footpad lesion score, tibia ash and meat quality. In a 32-day feeding test, a total of 576 1-day-old Ross 308 broilers (male) were allocated arbitrarily with an average body weight of 41 ± 0.5 g. The trial had four dietary treatments with eight repetitions of 18 birds per pen and a basal diet incorporating 0%, 0.02%, 0.04% and 0.06% of QS. As the QS dosage increased, body weight gain tended to increase linearly on Days 9-21 (p = 0.069) and overall period (p = 0.079). Similarly, feed intake increased (p = 0.009) linearly with the increasing doses of QS on Days 9-21. Likewise, there was a linear improvement in dry matter (p = 0.002) and energy (p = 0.016) digestibility after QS administration. Moreover, the inclusion of QS supplement (0%-0.06%) linearly increased (p = 0.012) tibia ash in broilers. However, the faecal score and footpad lesion score showed no significant outcome (p > 0.05). By giving broilers a graded amount of QS, the relative organ weights of breast muscle (p = 0.009) and spleen (p = 0.006) improved linearly, meat colour lightness increased (p = 0.015), redness tended to improve (p = 0.065) linearly and drip loss decreased (p = 0.015) linearly. The inclusion of QS in the graded-level diet led to improvements in growth efficiency, nutrient absorption, meat quality and tibia ash, which recommended it as a beneficial feed additive for the broiler.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarbani Biswas
- Department of Animal Resource and Science, Dankook University, Cheonan, Choongnam, South Korea
| | - Sungbo Cho
- Department of Animal Resource and Science, Dankook University, Cheonan, Choongnam, South Korea
| | - Je Min Ahn
- Department of Animal Resource and Science, Dankook University, Cheonan, Choongnam, South Korea
| | - In Ho Kim
- Department of Animal Resource and Science, Dankook University, Cheonan, Choongnam, South Korea
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Chowdhury R, Bhuia MS, Rakib AI, Hasan R, Coutinho HDM, Araújo IM, de Menezes IRA, Islam MT. Assessment of Quercetin Antiemetic Properties: In Vivo and In Silico Investigations on Receptor Binding Affinity and Synergistic Effects. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:4189. [PMID: 38140516 PMCID: PMC10747098 DOI: 10.3390/plants12244189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
Quercetin (QUA), a flavonoid compound, is ubiquitously found in plants and has demonstrated a diverse range of biological activities. The primary objective of the current study is to assess the potential antiemetic properties of QUA using an in vivo and in silico approach. In this experiment, 4-day-old chicks were purchased to induce emesis by orally administering copper sulfate pentahydrate (CuSO4·5H2O) at a dose of 50 mg/kg (orally). Domperidone (DOM) (6 mg/kg), Hyoscine (HYS) (21 mg/kg), and Ondansetron (OND) (5 mg/kg) were treated as positive controls (PCs), and distilled water and a trace amount of Tween 80 mixture was employed as a negative control (NC). QUA was given orally at two distinct doses (25 and 50 mg/kg). Additionally, QUA (50 mg/kg) and PCs were administered separately or in combination to assess their antagonistic or synergistic effects on the chicks. The binding affinity of QUA and referral ligands towards the serotonin receptor (5HT3), dopamine receptors (D2 and D3), and muscarinic acetylcholine receptors (M1-M5) were estimated, and ligand-receptor interactions were visualized through various computational tools. In vivo findings indicate that QUA (25 and 50 mg/kg) has a significant effect on reducing the number of retches (16.50 ± 4.65 and 10.00 ± 4.19 times) and increasing the chick latency period (59.25 ± 4.75 and 94.25 ± 4.01 s), respectively. Additionally, QUA (50 mg/kg) in combination with Domperidone and Ondansetron exhibited superior antiemetic effects, reducing the number of retches and increasing the onset of emesis-inducing time. Furthermore, it is worth noting that QUA exhibited the strongest binding affinity against the D2 receptor with a value of -9.7 kcal/mol through the formation of hydrogen and hydrophobic bonds. In summary, the study found that QUA exhibited antiemetic activity in chicks, potentially by interacting with the D2 receptor pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raihan Chowdhury
- Department of Pharmacy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj 8100, Bangladesh; (R.C.); (M.S.B.); (A.I.R.); (R.H.)
| | - Md. Shimul Bhuia
- Department of Pharmacy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj 8100, Bangladesh; (R.C.); (M.S.B.); (A.I.R.); (R.H.)
| | - Asraful Islam Rakib
- Department of Pharmacy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj 8100, Bangladesh; (R.C.); (M.S.B.); (A.I.R.); (R.H.)
| | - Rubel Hasan
- Department of Pharmacy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj 8100, Bangladesh; (R.C.); (M.S.B.); (A.I.R.); (R.H.)
| | | | - Isaac Moura Araújo
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Regional University of Cariri—URCA, Crato 63105-000, Brazil; (H.D.M.C.); (I.M.A.)
| | - Irwin Rose Alencar de Menezes
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Regional University of Cariri—URCA, Crato 63105-000, Brazil; (H.D.M.C.); (I.M.A.)
| | - Muhammad Torequl Islam
- Department of Pharmacy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj 8100, Bangladesh; (R.C.); (M.S.B.); (A.I.R.); (R.H.)
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Ghasemi S, Evazalipour M, Peyghanbari N, Zamani E, Bellstedt P, Molaee M, Koohi DE, Yousefbeyk F. Isolation and structure elucidation of the compounds from Teucrium hyrcanicum L. and the investigation of cytotoxicity, antioxidant activity, and protective effect on hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative stress. BMC Complement Med Ther 2023; 23:447. [PMID: 38087220 PMCID: PMC10714485 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-023-04262-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Teucrium hyrcanicum L. (family Lamiaceae) is widely distributed in the North and Northwest of Iran. It has been used in the form of tea, tonic, and tincture for the treatment of various diseases such as cough, rheumatism, and fever. METHODS In this study, the total phenolic and flavonoid contents, antioxidant and cytotoxic activities of methanol extract and different fractions of T. hyrcanicum were measured. Furthermore, the potential ability of T. hyrcanicum to protect against H2O2-induced oxidative stress was tested on the NIH3T3 cell line. Then, the isolation and structure elucidation of the compounds were performed on the most potent fractions. Finally, the quantification of isolated compounds in methanol extract (ME) was done by the HPLC method. Isolated phytochemicals were assessed for the cytotoxic and antioxidant activities. RESULTS The results indicated that the methanol fraction (MF) had the highest amount of phenolic and flavonoid contents (69.36 mg GAE/g extract and 68.95 mg QE/g extract). The highest radical scavenging activities were observed from MF and ME (IC50 44.32 and 61.12 μg.ml-1, respectively). The best cytotoxicity was obtained by ethyl acetate fraction (EF) against A431 and MCF7 cell lines (IC50 values of 235.4and 326.6 μg.ml-1, respectively). The pretreatment with MF exerts the highest reduction in malondialdehyde (MDA) formation (IC50 2.51 μM, p < 0.001) compared to the H2O2 group (5.77 μM). Also, MF significantly inhibited H2O2-induced Glutathione (GSH) oxidation (p < 0.001). Furthermore, two phenolic compounds, acteoside and quercetin, were isolated and identified in MF and EF, respectively. The IC50 values of acteoside and quercetin in the DPPH assay were 7.19 and 5.56 µg.ml-1, respectively. Both quercetin and acteoside significantly reduced the MDA formation and inhibited GSH oxidation, which was comparable with BHA (as a standard antioxidant) (p < 0.05). Acteoside demonstrated significant cytotoxicity against all tested cell lines (IC50 = 32 to 145 μg.ml-1). The HPLC quantification of isolated compounds revealed that the quantity of acteoside and quercetin in ME were 93.31 and 16.87 μg.mg-1, respectively. CONCLUSION The isolated compounds (quercetin and acteoside) had significant antioxidant activities and revealed a protective effect on H2O2-induced oxidative stress which was comparable with BHA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeed Ghasemi
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Mehdi Evazalipour
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Nastaran Peyghanbari
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Ehsan Zamani
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Peter Bellstedt
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry, University of Zurich & University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Mahan Molaee
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Diba Eghbali Koohi
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Yousefbeyk
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran.
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Ciprandi G, Tosca MA. Nutraceuticals and non-pharmacological remedies for managing patients with allergic rhinitis. Minerva Pediatr (Torino) 2023; 75:905-913. [PMID: 36282486 DOI: 10.23736/s2724-5276.22.07027-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
Allergic rhinitis (AR) is a common disease characterized by type 2 inflammation and typical symptoms. Although pharmacologic treatment can be effective, prolonged administration of drugs can be associated with adverse reactions and seldom reduction of effectiveness. Therefore, complementary medicine is widespread in clinical practice, mainly in pediatric settings, and pleasing to parents. We reviewed and discussed the most relevant nutraceuticals and non-pharmacological remedies used in managing patients with AR. Nutraceutical, according to Defelice is "a food (or part of a food) that provides medical or health benefits, including the prevention and/or treatment of a disease," and is commonly prescribed by pediatrics as well as self-prescription by parents. There is evidence that some components exert beneficial effects in AR. Some compounds, including micronutrients, vitamins, probiotics, herbal medicines, hyaluronic acid, and saline solutions, could positively and safely be used in children with AR as add-on remedies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Maria A Tosca
- Allergy Center, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
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Ke X, Chen Z, Wang X, Kang H, Hong S. Quercetin improves the imbalance of Th1/Th2 cells and Treg/Th17 cells to attenuate allergic rhinitis. Autoimmunity 2023; 56:2189133. [PMID: 36938614 DOI: 10.1080/08916934.2023.2189133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/21/2023]
Abstract
Allergic rhinitis (AR) is a common inflammation that affects many people globally. Quercetin has anti-allergic biological activity in AR. Here, we aimed to explore the effects of quercetin on type 1 helper T (Th1)/Th2 and regulatory T cells (Treg)/Th17 balance. We established an ovalbumin (OVA)-induced mouse model and orally administered 20, 35, and 50 mg/kg/day quercetin. The nasal symptoms of mice were observed. The immunoglobulin levels, Treg/Th17-related factors, and pro-inflammatory factors were examined by ELISA. The differentiated inflammation cells were visualized using the diff-quick staining assay. The nasal histopathology was evaluated using H&E, periodic acid Schiff (PAS), and Giemsa staining assay. The results showed that quercetin attenuated OVA-induced rubbing and sneezing. Quercetin reduced IgE, IgG1, histamine, and increased IgG2 in serum. The number of differentiated inflammation cells and goblet cells in tissues that elevated by OVA was reduced by quercetin. Moreover, OVA increased the Treg cell percentage, the levels of IL-17, TGF-β, IL-6, TNF-α, and decreased Th17 cell percentage, IL-10 and FOXP3 levels, while quercetin abrogated their levels induced by OVA. Additionally, quercetin inactivated the NF-κB pathway. Taken together, quercetin attenuated AR symptoms by balancing the Th1/Th2, Treg/Th17 ratios, and inactivating the NF-κB pathway. The results suggested that quercetin may use for AR treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Ke
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ziqi Chen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaoqiang Wang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Houyong Kang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Suling Hong
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Bai S, Han X, Lan Y, Wang H, Wang R, Li L, Song Q, Li A. Mechanisms of action underlying Shentong Zhuyu decoction based treatment of rheumatoid arthritis using systems biology and computer-aided drug design. Medicine (Baltimore) 2023; 102:e36287. [PMID: 38013316 PMCID: PMC10681588 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000036287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis is an autoimmune disease characterized by chronic polyarticular pain, for which no cure currently exists. In Chinese medicine, rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is believed to be caused by phlegm and blood stagnation. Shentong Zhuyu decoction can be used to treat RA, as it promotes blood circulation, resolves blood stasis, and relieves pain. In our study, we used network pharmacology and computer-aided drug design to evaluate the components, active compounds, and targets of Shentong Zhuyu decoction (STZY). Our results suggest that STZY contains active compounds such as quercetin, luteolin, and formononetin that regulate immune network targets. RA associated genes are enriched in pathways including those associated with nuclear factor kappa B, phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase/AKT, and hypoxia inducible factor 1 signaling. The main active compounds in STZY (quercetin and luteolin) were derived from Achyranthis Bidentatae Radix, Carthami Flos, licorice, Cyperi Rhizoma, and Myrrha and targeted the pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin 2, interleukin 1 alpha, interleukin 1 beta, and interleukin 6. In addition, the compounds quercetin, luteolin, and formononetin in these herbs can target the anti-inflammatory cytokines interleukin 4 and interleukin 10. Our results suggest that STZY can balance the immune network, promote an anti-inflammatory environment, and reduce the clinical symptoms of RA. Based on the close relationship between inflammatory response and osteoclast formation, we hypothesized that STZY may inhibit inflammation and alleviate bone destruction in RA. Our findings indicate that STZY can treat RA through multiple components, targets, and pathways. This study may provide a reference for the clinical application of STZY in RA treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shujun Bai
- College of Basic Medicine, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Xue Han
- College of Basic Medicine, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yanchen Lan
- College of Basic Medicine, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Haodong Wang
- College of Basic Medicine, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Rui Wang
- College of Basic Medicine, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Liyuan Li
- College of Basic Medicine, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Qiuhang Song
- College of Basic Medicine, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Research on Cardio-Cerebrovascular Disease, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Aiying Li
- College of Basic Medicine, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Research on Cardio-Cerebrovascular Disease, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, China
- Hebei Higher Education Institute Applied Technology Research Center on TCM Formula Preparation, Shijiazhuang, China
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Dębińska A, Sozańska B. Dietary Polyphenols-Natural Bioactive Compounds with Potential for Preventing and Treating Some Allergic Conditions. Nutrients 2023; 15:4823. [PMID: 38004216 PMCID: PMC10674996 DOI: 10.3390/nu15224823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
In light of the constantly increasing prevalence of allergic diseases, changes in dietary patterns have been suggested as a plausible environmental explanation for the development and progression of these diseases. Nowadays, much attention has been paid to the development of dietary interventions using natural substances with anti-allergy activities. In this respect, dietary polyphenols have been studied extensively as one of the most prominent natural bioactive compounds with well-documented anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and immunomodulatory properties. This review aims to discuss the mechanisms underlying the potential anti-allergic actions of polyphenols related to their ability to reduce protein allergenicity, regulate immune response, and gut microbiome modification; however, these issues need to be elucidated in detail. This paper reviews the current evidence from experimental and clinical studies confirming that various polyphenols such as quercetin, curcumin, resveratrol, catechins, and many others could attenuate allergic inflammation, alleviate the symptoms of food allergy, asthma, and allergic rhinitis, and prevent the development of allergic immune response. Conclusively, dietary polyphenols are endowed with great anti-allergic potential and therefore could be used either for preventive approaches or therapeutic interventions in relation to allergic diseases. Limitations in studying and widespread use of polyphenols as well as future research directions are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Dębińska
- Department and Clinic of Paediatrics, Allergology and Cardiology, Wrocław Medical University, ul. Chałubińskiego 2a, 50-368 Wrocław, Poland;
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Cheng Y, Sun D, Zou L, Li S, Tang L, Yu X, Tang B, Wu Y, Fang H. Elucidation of the mechanisms and molecular targets of KeChuanLiuWei-Mixture for treatment of severe asthma based on network pharmacology. Chem Biol Drug Des 2023; 102:1034-1049. [PMID: 37574823 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.14302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
KeChuanLiuWei-Mixture (KCLW) is widely used as a Chinese medicine prescription to treat severe asthma. However, the underlying therapeutic mechanism of KCLW remains unclear. In this study, a network pharmacology method was used to identify the chemical constituents of KCLW by the TCMSP database and ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Differential expression identification, protein-protein interaction (PPI) network and functional enrichment analysis were used to screen key targets of KCLW for severe asthma. Our results confirmed that quercetin, luteolin, kaempferol, and wogonin are the most critical active ingredients in KCLW. Moreover, the 16 relevant severe asthma-related targets of KCLW were obtained by overlapping the PPI networks of the KCLW putative targets and severe asthma-related genes, among which the most important targets were IL-6, NOS2, VEGFA, CXCL2, and PLAT. Functionally, the 16-targets and their interacting differentially expressed genes were primarily related to biological functions and pathways related to immunity and inflammation, such as inflammatory response, T cell differentiation, Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway, TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway, and NF-κB signaling pathway. KCLW inhibited inflammation in PDGF-BB-induced airway smooth muscle cells. In summary, this study demonstrates the active substance and potential therapeutic mechanism of KCLW in severe asthma, and offers a clinical direction for KCLW against severe asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanqi Cheng
- Prevention and Health Care Department of TCM, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ding Sun
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lu Zou
- Teaching and Practising Center, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shaobin Li
- Prevention and Health Care Department of TCM, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ling Tang
- Prevention and Health Care Department of TCM, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao Yu
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Binqing Tang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yingen Wu
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hong Fang
- Prevention and Health Care Department of TCM, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Treasure K, Harris J, Williamson G. Exploring the anti-inflammatory activity of sulforaphane. Immunol Cell Biol 2023; 101:805-828. [PMID: 37650498 DOI: 10.1111/imcb.12686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
Dysregulation of innate immune responses can result in chronic inflammatory conditions. Glucocorticoids, the current frontline therapy, are effective immunosuppressive drugs but come with a trade-off of cumulative and serious side effects. Therefore, alternative drug options with improved safety profiles are urgently needed. Sulforaphane, a phytochemical derived from plants of the brassica family, is a potent inducer of phase II detoxification enzymes via nuclear factor-erythroid factor 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) signaling. Moreover, a growing body of evidence suggests additional diverse anti-inflammatory properties of sulforaphane through interactions with mediators of key signaling pathways and inflammatory cytokines. Multiple studies support a role for sulforaphane as a negative regulator of nuclear factor kappa-light chain enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) activation and subsequent cytokine release, inflammasome activation and direct regulation of the activity of macrophage migration inhibitory factor. Significantly, studies have also highlighted potential steroid-sparing activity for sulforaphane, suggesting that it may have potential as an adjunctive therapy for some inflammatory conditions. This review discusses published research on sulforaphane, including proposed mechanisms of action, and poses questions for future studies that might help progress our understanding of the potential clinical applications of this intriguing molecule.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katie Treasure
- Department of Nutrition, Dietetics and Food, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
- Victorian Heart Hospital, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - James Harris
- Biomedical Manufacturing, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Clayton, VIC, Australia
- Centre for Inflammatory Diseases, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Gary Williamson
- Department of Nutrition, Dietetics and Food, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
- Victorian Heart Hospital, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
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Fang Y, Medina D, Stockwell R, McFadden S, Quinn K, Peck MR, Bartke A, Hascup KN, Hascup ER. Sexual dimorphic metabolic and cognitive responses of C57BL/6 mice to Fisetin or Dasatinib and quercetin cocktail oral treatment. GeroScience 2023; 45:2835-2850. [PMID: 37296266 PMCID: PMC10643448 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-023-00843-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Senolytic treatment in aged mice clears senescent cell burden leading to functional improvements. However, less is known regarding the effects of these compounds when administered prior to significant senescent cell accumulation. From 4-13 months of age, C57BL/6 male and female mice received monthly oral dosing of either 100 mg/kg Fisetin or a 5 mg/kg Dasatinib (D) plus 50 mg/kg Quercetin (Q) cocktail. During treatment, several aspects of healthy aging were assayed including glucose metabolism using an insulin and glucose tolerance test, cognitive performance using Morris water maze and novel object recognition, and energy metabolism using indirect calorimetry. Afterwards, mice were euthanized for plasma, tissue specific markers of senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP), and white adipose tissue accumulation (WAT). Sexually dimorphic treatment effects were observed. Fisetin treated male mice had reduced SASP, enhanced glucose and energy metabolism, improved cognitive performance, and increased mRNA expression of adiponectin receptor 1 and glucose transporter 4. D + Q treatment had minimal effects in male C57BL/6 mice, but was detrimental to females causing increased SASP expression along with accumulation of WAT depots. Reduced energy metabolism and cognitive performance were also noted. Fisetin treatment had no effect in female C57BL/6 mice potentially due to a slower rate of biological aging. In summary, the senolytic treatment in young adulthood, has beneficial, negligible, or detrimental effects in C57BL/6 mice dependent upon sex and treatment. These observations should serve as a note of caution in this rapidly evolving and expanding field of investigation. Male and female C57BL/6 mice were treated with once monthly oral doses of either Dasatinib (D) + Quercetin (Q) or Fisetin from 4-13 months of age. Males treated with Fisetin had reduced SASP markers (blue spheres) as well as improved metabolism (red flame) and cognition. Females treated with D + Q had increased adiposity and SASP markers (red spheres) along with decreased metabolism (blue flame) and cognitive performance. No effects were observed in females treated with Fisetin or males treated with D + Q.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yimin Fang
- Department of Neurology, Dale and Deborah Smith Center for Alzheimer's Research and Treatment, Neuroscience Institute, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, IL, 62702, USA
| | - David Medina
- Department of Internal Medicine, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, IL, 62702, USA
| | - Robert Stockwell
- Department of Internal Medicine, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, IL, 62702, USA
| | - Sam McFadden
- Department of Neurology, Dale and Deborah Smith Center for Alzheimer's Research and Treatment, Neuroscience Institute, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, IL, 62702, USA
| | - Kathleen Quinn
- Department of Neurology, Dale and Deborah Smith Center for Alzheimer's Research and Treatment, Neuroscience Institute, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, IL, 62702, USA
| | - Mackenzie R Peck
- Department of Neurology, Dale and Deborah Smith Center for Alzheimer's Research and Treatment, Neuroscience Institute, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, IL, 62702, USA
| | - Andrzej Bartke
- Department of Internal Medicine, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, IL, 62702, USA
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Cell Biology, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, IL, 62702, USA
| | - Kevin N Hascup
- Department of Neurology, Dale and Deborah Smith Center for Alzheimer's Research and Treatment, Neuroscience Institute, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, IL, 62702, USA
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Cell Biology, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, IL, 62702, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, IL, 62702, USA
| | - Erin R Hascup
- Department of Neurology, Dale and Deborah Smith Center for Alzheimer's Research and Treatment, Neuroscience Institute, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, IL, 62702, USA.
- Department of Pharmacology, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, IL, 62702, USA.
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Sela A, Shkuri N, Tish N, Vinokur Y, Rodov V, Poverenov E. Carboxymethyl chitosan-quercetin conjugate: A sustainable one-step synthesis and use for food preservation. Carbohydr Polym 2023; 316:121084. [PMID: 37321704 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2023.121084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Bioactive polysaccharide, carboxymethyl chitosan-quercetin (CMCS-q) was prepared by a one-step reaction utilizing Schiff base chemistry. Notably, the presented conjugation method involves neither radical reactions nor auxiliary coupling agents. Physicochemical properties and bioactivity of the modified polymer were studied and compared to those of the pristine carboxymethyl chitosan, CMCS. The modified CMCS-q demonstrated antioxidant activity by TEAC assay and antifungal activity by inhibiting spore germination of plant pathogen Botrytis cynerea. Then, CMCS-q was applied as an active coating on fresh-cut apples. The treatment resulted in enhanced firmness, inhibited browning and improved microbiological quality of the food product. The presented conjugation method allows retaining antimicrobial and antioxidant activity of quercetin moiety in the modified biopolymer. This method can be further used as a platform for binding ketone/aldehyde-containing polyphenols and other natural compounds to form various bioactive polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aviad Sela
- Agro-Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials Center, Department of Food Science, Agricultural Research Organization, The Volcani Institute, Rishon LeZion 7505101, Israel; Institute of Biochemistry, Food Science and Nutrition, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 7610001, Israel.
| | - Noa Shkuri
- Agro-Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials Center, Department of Food Science, Agricultural Research Organization, The Volcani Institute, Rishon LeZion 7505101, Israel; Institute of Biochemistry, Food Science and Nutrition, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 7610001, Israel.
| | - Nimrod Tish
- Department of Postharvest Science, Agricultural Research Organization, The Volcani Institute, Rishon LeZion 7505101, Israel; The Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan 5290002, Israel.
| | - Yakov Vinokur
- Department of Postharvest Science, Agricultural Research Organization, The Volcani Institute, Rishon LeZion 7505101, Israel.
| | - Victor Rodov
- Department of Postharvest Science, Agricultural Research Organization, The Volcani Institute, Rishon LeZion 7505101, Israel.
| | - Elena Poverenov
- Agro-Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials Center, Department of Food Science, Agricultural Research Organization, The Volcani Institute, Rishon LeZion 7505101, Israel.
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Han W, Li H, Jiang H, Xu H, Lin Y, Chen J, Bi C, Liu Z. Progress in the mechanism of autophagy and traditional Chinese medicine herb involved in alcohol-related liver disease. PeerJ 2023; 11:e15977. [PMID: 37727691 PMCID: PMC10506582 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.15977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Alcohol-related liver disease (ALD) is chronic liver damage caused by long-term heavy drinking with, extremely complicated pathogenesis. The current studies speculated that excessive alcohol and its metabolites are the major causes of liver cell toxicity. Autophagy is evolutionarily conserved in eukaryotes and aggravates alcoholic liver damage, through various mechanisms, such as cellular oxidative stress, inflammation, mitochondrial damage and lipid metabolism disorders. Therefore, autophagy plays an critical role in the occurrence and development of ALD. Some studies have shown that traditional Chinese medicine extracts improve the histological characteristics of ALD, as reflected in the improvement of oxidative stress and lipid droplet clearance, which might be achieved by inducing autophagy. This article reviews the mechanisms of quercetin, baicalin, glycycoumarin, salvianolic acid A, resveratrol, ginsenoside rg1, and dihydromyricetin inducing autophagy and their participation in the inhibition of ALD. The regulation of autophagy in ALD by these traditional Chinese medicine extracts provides novel ideas for the treatment of the disease; however, its molecular mechanism needs to be elucidated further.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenwen Han
- Department of Medical Laboratory, School of Medicine, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang Province, China
- Department of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Haiyu Li
- Department of Medical Laboratory, School of Medicine, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang Province, China
- Department of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Hanqi Jiang
- Department of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Hang Xu
- Department of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yifeng Lin
- Department of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Jiahuan Chen
- Department of Medical Laboratory, School of Medicine, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Chenchen Bi
- Department of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Zheng Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang Province, China
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Arvinte OM, Senila L, Becze A, Amariei S. Rowanberry-A Source of Bioactive Compounds and Their Biopharmaceutical Properties. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:3225. [PMID: 37765389 PMCID: PMC10536293 DOI: 10.3390/plants12183225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Revised: 08/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
After a period of intense development in the synthesis pharmaceutical industry, plants are making a comeback in the public focus as remedies or therapeutic adjuvants and in disease prevention and ensuring the wellbeing and equilibrium of the human body. Plants are being recommended more and more in alimentation, in their natural form, or as extracts, supplements or functional aliments. People, in general, are in search of new sources of nutrients and phytochemicals. As a result, scientific research turns to lesser known and used plants, among them being rowanberries, a species of fruit very rich in nutrients and underused due to their bitter astringent taste and a lack of knowledge regarding the beneficial effects of these fruit. Rowan fruits (rowanberries) are a rich source of vitamins, polysaccharides, organic acids and minerals. They are also a source of natural polyphenols, which are often correlated with the prevention and treatment of modern world diseases. This article presents the existing data regarding the chemical composition, active principles and biopharmaceutical properties of rowan fruits and the different opportunities for their usage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ofelia Marioara Arvinte
- Faculty of Food Engineering, Stefan cel Mare University of Suceava, 720229 Suceava, Romania;
| | - Lăcrimioara Senila
- INCDO-INOE 2000, Research Institute for Analytical Instrumentation, 67 Donath Street, 400293 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (L.S.); (A.B.)
| | - Anca Becze
- INCDO-INOE 2000, Research Institute for Analytical Instrumentation, 67 Donath Street, 400293 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (L.S.); (A.B.)
| | - Sonia Amariei
- Faculty of Food Engineering, Stefan cel Mare University of Suceava, 720229 Suceava, Romania;
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Garza-Juárez A, Pérez-Carrillo E, Arredondo-Espinoza EU, Islas JF, Benítez-Chao DF, Escamilla-García E. Nutraceuticals and Their Contribution to Preventing Noncommunicable Diseases. Foods 2023; 12:3262. [PMID: 37685194 PMCID: PMC10486909 DOI: 10.3390/foods12173262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The high rate of deaths around the world from noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) (70%) is a consequence of a poor diet lacking in nutrients and is linked to lifestyle and environmental conditions that together trigger predisposing factors. NCDs have increased 9.8% of public health spending worldwide, which has been increasing since 2000. Hence, international organizations such as the WHO, the Pan American Health Organization, and the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations have been developing strategic plans to implement government and economic policies to strengthen programs in favor of food security and nutrition. A systematic review is presented to document an analysis of the origin and characteristics of obesity, cardiovascular disease, chronic respiratory diseases, diabetes, and cancers affecting a large part of the world's population. This review proposes a scientifically based report of functional foods including fruits, vegetables, grains, and plants, and how their bioactive compounds called nutraceuticals-when consumed as part of a diet-benefit in the prevention and treatment of NCDs from an early age. Multifactorial aspects of NCDs, such as culture and eating habits, are limitations to consider from the clinical, nutritional, and biochemical points of view of everyone who suffers from them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurora Garza-Juárez
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Medicina Molecular, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Monterrey 64460, Mexico; (A.G.-J.)
| | - Esther Pérez-Carrillo
- Centro de Biotecnología FEMSA, Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Tecnológico de Monterrey, Monterrey 64849, Mexico
| | - Eder Ubaldo Arredondo-Espinoza
- Laboratorio de Farmacología Molecular y Modelos Biológicos, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Monterrey 66427, Mexico
| | - José Francisco Islas
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Medicina Molecular, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Monterrey 64460, Mexico; (A.G.-J.)
| | - Diego Francisco Benítez-Chao
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Medicina Molecular, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Monterrey 64460, Mexico; (A.G.-J.)
| | - Erandi Escamilla-García
- Microbial Biotechnology Laboratory, Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Monterrey 64460, Mexico
- Facultad de Odontología, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Monterrey 64460, Mexico
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Xie T, Wu Q, Lu H, Hu Z, Luo Y, Chu Z, Luo F. Functional Perspective of Leeks: Active Components, Health Benefits and Action Mechanisms. Foods 2023; 12:3225. [PMID: 37685158 PMCID: PMC10486880 DOI: 10.3390/foods12173225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Revised: 08/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Leek (Allium fistulosum L.), a common and widely used food ingredient, is a traditional medicine used in Asia to treat a variety of diseases. Leeks contain a variety of bioactive substances, including sulfur compounds, dietary fiber, steroid compounds and flavonoid compounds. Many studies have shown that these active ingredients produce the following effects: promotion of blood circulation, lowering of cholesterol, relief of fatigue, anti-inflammation, anti-bacteria, regulation of cell metabolism, anti-cancer, anti-oxidation, and the lowering of fat and blood sugar levels. In this paper, the main bioactive components and biological functions of leeks were systemically reviewed, and the action mechanisms of bioactive components were discussed. As a common food, the health benefits of leeks are not well known, and there is no systematic summary of leek investigations. In light of this, it is valuable to review the recent progress and provide reference to investigators in the field, which will promote future applications and investigations of leeks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiantian Xie
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Grain-Oil Deep Process and Quality Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China; (T.X.); (Q.W.); (H.L.); (Z.H.); (Z.C.)
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Forestry Edible Resources Safety and Processing, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China
| | - Qi Wu
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Grain-Oil Deep Process and Quality Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China; (T.X.); (Q.W.); (H.L.); (Z.H.); (Z.C.)
| | - Han Lu
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Grain-Oil Deep Process and Quality Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China; (T.X.); (Q.W.); (H.L.); (Z.H.); (Z.C.)
| | - Zuomin Hu
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Grain-Oil Deep Process and Quality Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China; (T.X.); (Q.W.); (H.L.); (Z.H.); (Z.C.)
| | - Yi Luo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China;
| | - Zhongxing Chu
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Grain-Oil Deep Process and Quality Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China; (T.X.); (Q.W.); (H.L.); (Z.H.); (Z.C.)
| | - Feijun Luo
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Grain-Oil Deep Process and Quality Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China; (T.X.); (Q.W.); (H.L.); (Z.H.); (Z.C.)
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Forestry Edible Resources Safety and Processing, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China
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Wang Z, Cai X, Ren Z, Shao Y, Xu Y, Fu L, Zhu Y. Piceatannol as an Antiviral Inhibitor of PRV Infection In Vitro and In Vivo. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:2376. [PMID: 37508153 PMCID: PMC10375968 DOI: 10.3390/ani13142376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Pseudorabies virus (PRV) belongs to the family Herpesviridae. PRV has a wide host range and can cause cytopathic effects (CPEs) in PK-15 cells. Therefore, PRV was used as a model to study the antiviral activity of piceatannol. The results showed that piceatannol could restrain PRV multiplication in PK-15 cells in a dose-dependent manner. The 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) was 0.0307 mg/mL, and the selectivity index (SI, CC50/IC50) was 3.68. Piceatannol could exert an anti-PRV effect by reducing the transcription level of viral genes, inhibiting PRV-induced apoptosis and elevating the levels of IL-4, TNF-α and IFN-γ in the serum of mice. Animal experiments showed that piceatannol could delay the onset of disease, reduce the viral load in the brain and kidney and reduce the pathological changes in the tissues and organs of the mice to improve the survival rate of the mice (14.3%). Therefore, the anti-PRV activity of piceatannol in vivo and in vitro was systematically evaluated in this study to provide scientific data for developing a new alternative measure for controlling PRV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiying Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150038, China
| | - Xiaojing Cai
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150038, China
| | - Zhiyuan Ren
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150038, China
| | - Yi Shao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150038, China
| | - Yongkang Xu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150038, China
| | - Lian Fu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150038, China
| | - Yan Zhu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150038, China
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Aghababaei F, Hadidi M. Recent Advances in Potential Health Benefits of Quercetin. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:1020. [PMID: 37513932 PMCID: PMC10384403 DOI: 10.3390/ph16071020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 07/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Quercetin, a flavonoid found in fruits and vegetables, has been a part of human diets for centuries. Its numerous health benefits, including antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antiviral, and anticancer properties, have been extensively studied. Its strong antioxidant properties enable it to scavenge free radicals, reduce oxidative stress, and protect against cellular damage. Quercetin's anti-inflammatory properties involve inhibiting the production of inflammatory cytokines and enzymes, making it a potential therapeutic agent for various inflammatory conditions. It also exhibits anticancer effects by inhibiting cancer cell proliferation and inducing apoptosis. Finally, quercetin has cardiovascular benefits such as lowering blood pressure, reducing cholesterol levels, and improving endothelial function, making it a promising candidate for preventing and treating cardiovascular diseases. This review provides an overview of the chemical structure, biological activities, and bioavailability of quercetin, as well as the different delivery systems available for quercetin. Incorporating quercetin-rich foods into the diet or taking quercetin supplements may be beneficial for maintaining good health and preventing chronic diseases. As research progresses, the future perspectives of quercetin appear promising, with potential applications in nutraceuticals, pharmaceuticals, and functional foods to promote overall well-being and disease prevention. However, further studies are needed to elucidate its mechanisms of action, optimize its bioavailability, and assess its long-term safety for widespread utilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Aghababaei
- Centre d'Innovació, Recerca i Transferència en Tecnologia dels Aliments (CIRTTA), TECNIO-UAB, XIA, Departament de Ciència Animal i dels Aliments, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, UAB-Campus, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Milad Hadidi
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Sciences and Technologies, University of Castilla-La Mancha, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain
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Mihele DM, Nistor PA, Bruma G, Mitran CI, Mitran MI, Condrat CE, Tovaru M, Tampa M, Georgescu SR. Mast Cell Activation Syndrome Update-A Dermatological Perspective. J Pers Med 2023; 13:1116. [PMID: 37511729 PMCID: PMC10381535 DOI: 10.3390/jpm13071116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Mast cells (MCs) are infamous for their role in potentially fatal anaphylaxis reactions. In the last two decades, a more complex picture has emerged, as it has become obvious that MCs are much more than just IgE effectors of anaphylaxis. MCs are defenders against a host of infectious and toxic aggressions (their interactions with other components of the immune system are not yet fully understood) and after the insult has ended, MCs continue to play a role in inflammation regulation and tissue repair. Unfortunately, MC involvement in pathology is also significant. Apart from their role in allergies, MCs can proliferate clonally to produce systemic mastocytosis. They have also been implicated in excessive fibrosis, keloid scaring, graft rejection and chronic inflammation, especially at the level of the skin and gut. In recent years, the term MC activation syndrome (MCAS) was proposed to account for symptoms caused by MC activation, and clear diagnostic criteria have been defined. However, not all authors agree with these criteria, as some find them too restrictive, potentially leaving much of the MC-related pathology unaccounted for. Here, we review the current knowledge on the physiological and pathological roles of MCs, with a dermatological emphasis, and discuss the MCAS classification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dana Mihaela Mihele
- Dermatology Department, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 Eroii Sanitari Blvd, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
- Dermatology Department, Victor Babes Clinical Hospital of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, 030303 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Paul Andrei Nistor
- Internal Medicine Department, Emergency University Hospital Bucharest, 169 Independence Blvd, 050098 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Gabriela Bruma
- Dermatology Department, Victor Babes Clinical Hospital of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, 030303 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Cristina Iulia Mitran
- Microbiology Department, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 Eroii Sanitari Blvd, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Madalina Irina Mitran
- Microbiology Department, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 Eroii Sanitari Blvd, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Carmen Elena Condrat
- Fetal Medicine Excellence Research Center, Alessandrescu-Rusescu National Institute for Mother and Child Health, 020395 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 Eroii Sanitari Blvd, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Mihaela Tovaru
- Dermatology Department, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 Eroii Sanitari Blvd, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
- Dermatology Department, Victor Babes Clinical Hospital of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, 030303 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Mircea Tampa
- Dermatology Department, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 Eroii Sanitari Blvd, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
- Dermatology Department, Victor Babes Clinical Hospital of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, 030303 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Simona Roxana Georgescu
- Dermatology Department, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 Eroii Sanitari Blvd, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
- Dermatology Department, Victor Babes Clinical Hospital of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, 030303 Bucharest, Romania
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Fang Y, Jin W, Guo Z, Hao J. Quercetin Alleviates Asthma-Induced Airway Inflammation and Remodeling through Downregulating Periostin via Blocking TGF-β1/Smad Pathway. Pharmacology 2023; 108:432-443. [PMID: 37343534 DOI: 10.1159/000530703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The aim of the study was to discuss whether the anti-asthmatic effect of quercetin is related to periostin and the downstream molecular pathway of quercetin's anti-asthmatic effect. METHODS We constructed asthmatic mice, sensitized by ovalbumin, and administrated different treatments into mice according to the experimental design. In this study, we mainly observed the inflammatory response, airway fibrosis, and airway hyperresponsiveness in asthmatic mice. Pathological stains (H&E, PAS, and Masson) were performed. We also detected the inflammation factors and fibrosis-related cytokines by enzyme-linked immunosorbent serologic assay. In addition, we also explored the level of periostin by enzyme-linked immunosorbent serologic assay and Western blot. At the same time, TGF-β1/Smad pathway was also determined by Western blot. RESULTS A high expression of periostin was found in asthmatic mice, and quercetin decreases periostin content in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. Quercetin and OC-20 inhibit airway inflammation response, airway fibrosis, and airway hyperreactivity. Quercetin downregulated TGF-β1/Smad pathway in the lung tissues of asthmatic mice. Anti-asthma role of quercetin is related to periostin. Then deeper mechanical study revealed that inhibiting TGF-β1 could improve asthmatic symptoms, and quercetin exerted the protective effect on asthmatic mice through inhibition of TGF-β1/Smad pathway. CONCLUSION Quercetin provided a protective role against asthma via periostin, manifested by mild inflammatory infiltration, reduced goblet cell proliferation, and reduced airway fibrosis. TGF-β1/Smad pathway is an important transduction system, participating in the protective effect of quercetin on asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanni Fang
- Department of Pediatrics, Yantaishan Hospital, Yantai, China
| | - Wenwen Jin
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai, China
| | - Zhen Guo
- Department of Pediatrics, Yantaishan Hospital, Yantai, China
| | - Jumei Hao
- Department of Pediatrics, Yantaishan Hospital, Yantai, China
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Marogna M, Ciprandi G. A multicomponent nutraceutical (<i>Perilla frutescens</i>, quercetin, and vitamin D3) as add-on therapy in patients with grass pollen-induced mild persistent asthma and rhinitis. JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL RESEARCH - BOLLETTINO DELLA SOCIETÀ ITALIANA DI BIOLOGIA SPERIMENTALE 2023; 96. [DOI: 10.4081/jbr.2023.11146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2023]
Abstract
Background Allergic asthma is an inflammatory disease characterized by a type 2 immune response. Pollens are a common cause of seasonal asthma. Allergic rhinitis (AR) frequently associates with asthma. The treatment usually aims at controlling inflammation and relieving symptoms. Inhaled corticosteroids are the most effective controller and short-acting b2-agonists (SABA) as a reliever for asthma. Oral antihistamines and nasal corticosteroids (NC) are the mainstays for AR. A multicomponent nutraceutical containing perilla, quercetin, and vitamin D3 significantly prevented AR exacerbations in children. Thus, the current study explored the add-on use in adult patients with mild persistent asthma and AR due to grass pollen allergy.
Methods The treatment lasted three months. Asthma and AR symptoms, asthma control test, spirometry, nasal eosinophils, and use of rescue medications (SABA and NC) were evaluated in the previous grass season and throughout the treatment. All patients were treated with ciclesonide (320 mcg/day) and cetirizine (10 mg/day). Patients were randomly stratified into Group A, taking the nutraceutical, and Group B using the predetermined therapy.
Results 90 patients (13-59 years old) were enrolled, and 84 completed the trial. Group A significantly improved all outcomes (p<0.001). Group B did not achieve an improvement in AR symptoms, nasal eosinophils, and nasal steroid use. The intergroup analysis showed that Group A patients experienced less severe bronchial symptoms (- 32 %), AR symptoms (- 39 %), better asthma control (+ 38 %), higher FEV1 (+ 10 %), lower SABA (- 30 %) and NC use (- 41 %), and nasal eosinophils count (- 35 %) than Group B (p<0.0001 for all).
No clinically relevant adverse events occurred.
Conclusion A multicomponent nutraceutical containing perilla, quercetin, and vitamin D3, as an add-on treatment to inhaled ciclesonide and cetirizine, provided a clinically relevant benefit in patients with mild persistent asthma and AR due to grass pollen uncontrolled by standard therapy.
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Mariano A, Bigioni I, Marchetti M, Scotto d'Abusco A, Superti F. Repositioned Natural Compounds and Nanoformulations: A Promising Combination to Counteract Cell Damage and Inflammation in Respiratory Viral Infections. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28104045. [PMID: 37241786 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28104045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Respiratory viral diseases are among the most important causes of disability, morbidity, and death worldwide. Due to the limited efficacy or side effects of many current therapies and the increase in antiviral-resistant viral strains, the need to find new compounds to counteract these infections is growing. Since the development of new drugs is a time-consuming and expensive process, numerous studies have focused on the reuse of commercially available compounds, such as natural molecules with therapeutic properties. This phenomenon is generally called drug repurposing or repositioning and represents a valid emerging strategy in the drug discovery field. Unfortunately, the use of natural compounds in therapy has some limitations, due to their poor kinetic performance and consequently reduced therapeutic effect. The advent of nanotechnology in biomedicine has allowed this limitation to be overcome, showing that natural compounds in nanoform may represent a promising strategy against respiratory viral infections. In this narrative review, the beneficial effects of some promising natural molecules, curcumin, resveratrol, quercetin, and vitamin C, which have been already studied both in native form and in nanoform, against respiratory viral infections are presented and discussed. The review focuses on the ability of these natural compounds, analyzed in in vitro and in vivo studies, to counteract inflammation and cellular damage induced by viral infection and provide scientific evidence of the benefits of nanoformulations in increasing the therapeutic potential of these molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessia Mariano
- Department of Biochemical Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Irene Bigioni
- Department of Biochemical Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Magda Marchetti
- National Centre for Innovative Technologies in Public Health, National Institute of Health, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Anna Scotto d'Abusco
- Department of Biochemical Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Fabiana Superti
- National Centre for Innovative Technologies in Public Health, National Institute of Health, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy
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Wen L, Zhang T, Chen F, Hu L, Dou C, Ding X, Altamirano A, Wei G, Yan Z. Modified Dingchuan Decoction treats cough-variant asthma by suppressing lung inflammation and regulating the lung microbiota. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 306:116171. [PMID: 36646156 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.116171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Modified Dingchuan Decoction (MDD) is a Chinese medicine formula containing 11 materials with cough suppression, asthma relief, and anti-inflammatory effects. AIM OF THE STUDY This study aimed to evaluate the therapeutic effect of MDD on cough-variant asthma (CVA) and to investigate its mechanism of action. MATERIALS AND METHODS The chemical constituents of MDD were analyzed by ultra-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole/electrostatic field orbitrap high-resolution mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-Orbitrap HRMS). A guinea pig CVA model was established using an intramuscular injection of ovalbumin (OVA), combined with an intraperitoneal injection of aluminum hydroxide [Al(OH)3] and nebulized OVA. At the beginning of day 18, the low, medium, and high MDD groups were gavaged with 7.23 g/kg, 14.46 g/kg, and 28.92 g/kg of MDD, respectively, and the positive group was gavaged with 5 mg/kg of prednisone acetate combined with 1 mg/kg of montelukast sodium; the normal and model groups were given an equal volume of distilled water, once a day for 21 days. The cough was induced by 10-3 mol/L capsaicin solution 1 h after the last administration, and the number of coughs and the latency of coughs were evaluated. Hematoxylin and eosin staining (H&E) was used to observe pathological changes in the lungs and airways. The concentration of inflammatory factors in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). We analyzed the lung microbiota using 16 S ribosomal DNA (16 S rDNA) high-throughput sequencing. RESULTS The 38 chemical components were found in MDD, and MDD reduced the number of coughs in guinea pigs with CVA, prolonged cough latency, improved pathological damage to the lungs and airways, regulated inflammatory factor levels in BALF, and modulated the lung microbiota. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrated that treating CVA with MDD may be related to inhibiting lung inflammation and regulating lung microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingmiao Wen
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031, China.
| | - Tinglan Zhang
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031, China.
| | - Fangfang Chen
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031, China; Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China.
| | - Lin Hu
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031, China.
| | - Chongyang Dou
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031, China.
| | - Xian Ding
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031, China.
| | - Alvin Altamirano
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ, 86011, USA.
| | - Guihua Wei
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031, China.
| | - Zhiyong Yan
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031, China.
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ElShebiney S, Elgohary R, El-Shamarka M, Mowaad N, Abulseoud OA. Natural Polyphenols-Resveratrol, Quercetin, Magnolol, and β-Catechin-Block Certain Aspects of Heroin Addiction and Modulate Striatal IL-6 and TNF-α. TOXICS 2023; 11:379. [PMID: 37112606 PMCID: PMC10145039 DOI: 10.3390/toxics11040379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2023] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
We have examined the effects of four different polyphenols in attenuating heroin addiction using a conditioned place preference (CPP) paradigm. Adult male Sprague Dawley rats received heroin (alternating with saline) in escalating doses starting from 10 mg/kg, i.p. up to 80 mg/kg/d for 14 consecutive days. The rats were treated with distilled water (1 mL), quercetin (50 mg/kg/d), β-catechin (100 mg/kg/d), resveratrol (30 mg/kg/d), or magnolol (50 mg/kg/d) through oral gavage for 7 consecutive days, 30 min before heroin administration, starting on day 8. Heroin withdrawal manifestations were assessed 24 h post last heroin administration following the administration of naloxone (1 mg/kg i.p). Heroin CPP reinstatement was tested following a single dose of heroin (10 mg/kg i.p.) administration. Striatal interleukin 6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) were quantified (ELISA) after naloxone-precipitated heroin withdrawal. Compared to the vehicle, the heroin-administered rats spent significantly more time in the heroin-paired chamber (p < 0.0001). Concomitant administration of resveratrol and quercetin prevented the acquisition of heroin CPP, while resveratrol, quercetin, and magnolol blocked heroin-triggered reinstatement. Magnolol, quercetin, and β-catechin blocked naloxone-precipitated heroin withdrawal and increased striatal IL-6 concentration (p < 0.01). Resveratrol administration was associated with significantly higher withdrawal scores compared to those of the control animals (p < 0.0001). The results of this study show that different polyphenols target specific behavioral domains of heroin addiction in a CPP model and modulate the increase in striatal inflammatory cytokines TNF-α and IL-6 observed during naloxone-precipitated heroin withdrawal. Further research is needed to study the clinical utility of polyphenols and to investigate the intriguing finding that resveratrol enhances, rather than attenuates naloxone-precipitated heroin withdrawal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaimaa ElShebiney
- Department of Narcotics, Ergogenics, and Poisons, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo 12622, Egypt
| | - Rania Elgohary
- Department of Narcotics, Ergogenics, and Poisons, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo 12622, Egypt
| | - Marwa El-Shamarka
- Department of Narcotics, Ergogenics, and Poisons, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo 12622, Egypt
| | - Noha Mowaad
- Department of Narcotics, Ergogenics, and Poisons, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo 12622, Egypt
| | - Osama A. Abulseoud
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, AZ 85001, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Phoenix, AZ 85001, USA
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Otero C, Klagges C, Morales B, Sotomayor P, Escobar J, Fuentes JA, Moreno AA, Llancalahuen FM, Arratia-Perez R, Gordillo-Fuenzalida F, Herrera M, Martínez JL, Rodríguez-Díaz M. Anti-Inflammatory Chilean Endemic Plants. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15030897. [PMID: 36986757 PMCID: PMC10051824 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15030897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Medicinal plants have been used since prehistoric times and continue to treat several diseases as a fundamental part of the healing process. Inflammation is a condition characterized by redness, pain, and swelling. This process is a hard response by living tissue to any injury. Furthermore, inflammation is produced by various diseases such as rheumatic and immune-mediated conditions, cancer, cardiovascular diseases, obesity, and diabetes. Hence, anti-inflammatory-based treatments could emerge as a novel and exciting approach to treating these diseases. Medicinal plants and their secondary metabolites are known for their anti-inflammatory properties, and this review introduces various native Chilean plants whose anti-inflammatory effects have been evaluated in experimental studies. Fragaria chiloensis, Ugni molinae, Buddleja globosa, Aristotelia chilensis, Berberis microphylla, and Quillaja saponaria are some native species analyzed in this review. Since inflammation treatment is not a one-dimensional solution, this review seeks a multidimensional therapeutic approach to inflammation with plant extracts based on scientific and ancestral knowledge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Otero
- Escuela de Química y Farmacia, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Andrés Bello, Santiago 8320000, Chile
| | - Carolina Klagges
- Instituto de Investigación Interdisciplinar en Ciencias Biomédicas SEK, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad SEK, Santiago 8320000, Chile
| | - Bernardo Morales
- Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago 9160000, Chile
| | - Paula Sotomayor
- Departamento de Urología, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8320000, Chile
| | - Jorge Escobar
- Laboratorio de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Valparaíso 2340000, Chile
- Correspondence: (J.E.); (J.L.M.); (M.R.-D.)
| | - Juan A. Fuentes
- Laboratorio de Genética y Patogénesis Bacteriana, Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andrés Bello, Santiago 8320000, Chile
| | - Adrian A. Moreno
- Centro de Biotecnología Vegetal, Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andrés Bello, Santiago 8320000, Chile
| | - Felipe M. Llancalahuen
- Laboratorio de Fisiopatología Integrativa, Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andrés Bello, Santiago 8320000, Chile
| | - Ramiro Arratia-Perez
- Center for Applied Nanoscience, Universidad Andrés Bello, Santiago 8320000, Chile
| | - Felipe Gordillo-Fuenzalida
- Laboratorio de Microbiología Aplicada, Centro de Biotecnología de los Recursos Naturales, Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias y Forestales, Universidad Católica del Maule, Talca 3460000, Chile
| | - Michelle Herrera
- Escuela de Química y Farmacia, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Andrés Bello, Santiago 8320000, Chile
| | - Jose L. Martínez
- Vicerrectoria de Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago 9160000, Chile
- Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional de Trujillo, Trujillo 13001, Peru
- Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad Nacional de Trujillo, Trujillo 13001, Peru
- Correspondence: (J.E.); (J.L.M.); (M.R.-D.)
| | - Maité Rodríguez-Díaz
- Escuela de Química y Farmacia, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Andrés Bello, Santiago 8320000, Chile
- Correspondence: (J.E.); (J.L.M.); (M.R.-D.)
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Motolinia-Alcántara EA, Franco-Vásquez AM, Nieto-Camacho A, Arreguín-Espinosa R, Rodríguez-Monroy M, Cruz-Sosa F, Román-Guerrero A. Phenolic Compounds from Wild Plant and In Vitro Cultures of Ageratina pichichensis and Evaluation of Their Antioxidant Activity. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:1107. [PMID: 36903964 PMCID: PMC10005229 DOI: 10.3390/plants12051107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Ageratina pichichensis, is commonly used in traditional Mexican medicine. In vitro cultures were established from wild plant (WP) seeds, obtaining in vitro plant (IP), callus culture (CC), and cell suspension culture (CSC) with the objective to determine total phenol content (TPC) and flavonoids (TFC), as well as their antioxidant activity by DPPH, ABTS and TBARS assays, added to the compound's identification and quantification by HPLC, from methanol extracts obtained by sonication. CC showed significantly higher TPC and TFC than WP and IP, while CSC produced 2.0-2.7 times more TFC than WP, and IP produced only 14.16% TPC and 38.8% TFC compared with WP. There were identified compounds such as epicatechin (EPI), caffeic acid (CfA), and p-coumaric acid (pCA) in in vitro cultures that were not found in WP. The quantitative analysis shows gallic acid (GA) as the least abundant compound in samples, whereas CSC produced significantly more EPI and CfA than CC. Despite these results, in vitro cultures show lower antioxidant activity than WP, for DPPH and TBARS WP > CSC > CC > IP and ABTS WP > CSC = CC > IP. Overall, A. pichichensis WP and in vitro cultures produce phenolic compounds with antioxidant activity, especially CC and CSC, which are shown to be a biotechnological alternative for obtaining bioactive compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Alejandra Motolinia-Alcántara
- Departamento de Biotecnología, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, Av. Ferrocarril de San Rafael Atlixco 186, Col. Leyes de Reforma 1a. Sección, Alcaldía Iztapalapa, Ciudad de Mexico 09310, Mexico
| | - Adrián Marcelo Franco-Vásquez
- Departamento de Química de Biomacromoléculas, Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Coyoacán, Ciudad de Mexico 04510, Mexico
| | - Antonio Nieto-Camacho
- Laboratorio de Pruebas Biológicas, Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Coyoacán, Ciudad de Mexico 04510, Mexico
| | - Roberto Arreguín-Espinosa
- Departamento de Química de Biomacromoléculas, Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Coyoacán, Ciudad de Mexico 04510, Mexico
| | - Mario Rodríguez-Monroy
- Centro de Desarrollo de Productos Bióticos (CEPROBI), Departamento de Biotecnología, Instituto Politécnico Nacional (IPN), Yautepec 62731, Mexico
| | - Francisco Cruz-Sosa
- Departamento de Biotecnología, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, Av. Ferrocarril de San Rafael Atlixco 186, Col. Leyes de Reforma 1a. Sección, Alcaldía Iztapalapa, Ciudad de Mexico 09310, Mexico
| | - Angelica Román-Guerrero
- Departamento de Biotecnología, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, Av. Ferrocarril de San Rafael Atlixco 186, Col. Leyes de Reforma 1a. Sección, Alcaldía Iztapalapa, Ciudad de Mexico 09310, Mexico
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