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Fu ZP, Lee S, Wang RY, Wang YQ. Cronobacter sakazakii induced sepsis-associated arrhythmias through its outer membrane vesicles. iScience 2024; 27:110572. [PMID: 39228788 PMCID: PMC11369384 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.110572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Revised: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 09/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Sepsis-induced arrhythmia, linked to sudden cardiac death, is associated with gut microbiota, though the exact relationship is unclear. This study aimed to elucidate the relationship between Cronobacter sakazakii (C. sakazakii) and arrhythmia. The relative abundance of C. sakazakii was increased in cecal ligation and puncture (CLP)-induced septic mice. Live C. sakazakii, supernatant, and outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) resulted in premature ventricular beat (PVB), sinus arrhythmia (SA), and increased arrhythmia and mortality in sepsis model through dysregulated ion channel proteins. Moreover, short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) showed antibacterial effects in vitro. We confirmed sodium acetate (C2) and sodium butyrate (C4) protect from C. sakazakii-induced arrhythmia, and C2 and C4 protected from septic arrhythmia by activating free fatty acid receptor 2 and 3 (FFAR2 and FFAR3) in mice. These findings point to how C. sakazakii's OMVs trigger arrhythmia, and SCFAs may be a treatment for septic arrhythmia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-ping Fu
- Collage of Pharmacology, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan 063200, China
| | - Shuang Lee
- Collage of Pharmacology, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan 063200, China
| | - Rui-yao Wang
- Collage of Pharmacology, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan 063200, China
| | - Yu-qing Wang
- Collage of Pharmacology, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan 063200, China
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2
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Çelikoğlu U, Çelikoğlu E, Khan MN, Kaplan A. Eco-benevolent synthesis of ZnO-NPs and ZnO-MFs from Inula oculus-christi L. (Asteraceae) with effective antioxidant, antimicrobial, DNA cleavage, and decolorization efficiencies. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2024:10.1007/s00449-024-03075-4. [PMID: 39223356 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-024-03075-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2024] [Accepted: 08/05/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
As a result of the changes occurring globally in recent years, millions of people are facing challenging and even life-threatening diseases such as cancer and the COVID-19 pandemic, among others. This phenomenon has spurred researchers towards developing and implementing innovative and environmentally friendly scientific methods, merging disciplines with significant technological potential, such as nanotechnology with medicinal plants. Therefore, the focus of this research is to synthesize zinc nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) and microflowers (ZnO-MFs) using extracts of the medicinal plant I. oculus christi prepared in n-hexane and methanol as new bioreduction and capping agents through a simple and environmentally friendly chemical approach. Optical, thermal, and morphological structural analyses of ZnO-NPs and ZnO-MFs were conducted using Ultraviolet-Visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA), and Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FE-SEM). Metabolic profiles of extracts from different plant parts were analyzed using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) and supported by visualization of contents through Principal Component Analysis (PCA), hierarchical cluster analysis heatmaps, and Pearson correlation graphs. Interestingly, ZnO-NPs and ZnO-MFs exhibited strong antioxidant properties and demonstrated particularly potent antimicrobial activity against Micrococcus luteus NRRL B-4375, Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, and Candida albicans ATCC 10231 strains compared to standard antibiotics. Furthermore, ZnO-NPs and ZnO-MFs showed excellent plasmid DNA-cleavage activity of pBR322 with increasing doses. The photocatalytic performance of the synthesized ZnO-NPs and ZnO-MFs was evaluated for methylene blue (MB), congo red (CR), and safranin-O (SO) dyes, demonstrating remarkable color removal efficiency. Overall, the results provide a promising avenue for the green synthesis of ZnO-NPs and ZnO-MFs using I. oculus-christi L. inflorescence and pappus extracts, potentially revolutionizing biopharmaceutical and catalytic applications in these fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umut Çelikoğlu
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Letters, Amasya University, 05100, Amasya, Türkiye.
- Central Research and Application Laboratory, Amasya University, 05100, Amasya,, Türkiye.
| | - Emine Çelikoğlu
- Central Research and Application Laboratory, Amasya University, 05100, Amasya,, Türkiye
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Letters, Amasya University, 05100, Amasya, Türkiye
| | | | - Alevcan Kaplan
- Department of Crop and Animal Production, Sason Vocational School, Batman University, 72060, Batman, Türkiye
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Pishchik VN, Chizhevskaya EP, Kichko AA, Aksenova TS, Andronov EE, Chebotar VK, Filippova PS, Shelenga TV, Belousova MH, Chikida NN. Metabolome and Mycobiome of Aegilops tauschii Subspecies Differing in Susceptibility to Brown Rust and Powdery Mildew Are Diverse. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:2343. [PMID: 39273827 PMCID: PMC11397189 DOI: 10.3390/plants13172343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2024] [Revised: 08/15/2024] [Accepted: 08/21/2024] [Indexed: 09/15/2024]
Abstract
The present study demonstrated the differences in the seed metabolome and mycobiome of two Aegilops tauschii Coss accessions with different resistance to brown rust and powdery mildew. We hypothesized that the seeds of resistant accession k-1958 Ae. tauschii ssp. strangulata can contain a larger number of metabolites with antifungal activity compared with the seeds of susceptible Ae. tauschii ssp meyeri k-340, which will determine differences in the seed fungal community. Our study emphasizes the differences in the seed metabolome of the studied Ae. tauschii accessions. The resistant accession k-1958 had a higher content of glucose and organic acids, including pyruvic, salicylic and azelaic acid, as well as pipecolic acids, galactinol, glycerol and sitosterol. The seeds of Ae. tauschii-resistant accession k-1958 were found to contain more active substances with antifungal activity. The genera Cladosporium and Alternaria were dominant in the seed mycobiome of the resistant accession. The genera Alternaria, Blumeria and Cladosporium dominated in seed mycobiome of susceptible accession k-340. In the seed mycobiome of the resistant k-1958, a higher occurrence of saprotrophic micromycetes was found, and many of the micromycetes were biocontrol agents. It was concluded that differences in the seed metabolome of Ae. tauschii contributed to the determination of the differences in mycobiomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronika N Pishchik
- All-Russia Research Institute for Agricultural Microbiology, Podbelskogo hwy 3, Pushkin, 196608 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Elena P Chizhevskaya
- All-Russia Research Institute for Agricultural Microbiology, Podbelskogo hwy 3, Pushkin, 196608 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Arina A Kichko
- All-Russia Research Institute for Agricultural Microbiology, Podbelskogo hwy 3, Pushkin, 196608 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Tatiana S Aksenova
- All-Russia Research Institute for Agricultural Microbiology, Podbelskogo hwy 3, Pushkin, 196608 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Evgeny E Andronov
- All-Russia Research Institute for Agricultural Microbiology, Podbelskogo hwy 3, Pushkin, 196608 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Vladimir K Chebotar
- All-Russia Research Institute for Agricultural Microbiology, Podbelskogo hwy 3, Pushkin, 196608 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Polina S Filippova
- St. Petersburg North-West Centre of Interdisciplinary Researches of Problems of Food Maintenance, Podbelskogo hwy, 7, Pushkin, 196608 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Tatiana V Shelenga
- Federal Center N. I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources, Bolshaya Morskaya Street, 44, 190121 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Maria H Belousova
- Federal Center N. I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources, Bolshaya Morskaya Street, 44, 190121 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Nadezhda N Chikida
- Federal Center N. I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources, Bolshaya Morskaya Street, 44, 190121 St. Petersburg, Russia
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Richards PJ, Almutrafy A, Liang L, Flaujac Lafontaine GM, King E, Fish NM, Connerton AJ, Connerton PL, Connerton IF. Prebiotic galactooligosaccharide feed modifies the chicken gut microbiota to efficiently clear Salmonella. mSystems 2024; 9:e0075424. [PMID: 39082804 PMCID: PMC11334501 DOI: 10.1128/msystems.00754-24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 08/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Chicken meat is contaminated with Salmonella from the gut of infected chickens during slaughter. Eradication of Salmonella from broiler chickens through hygiene measures and/or vaccination is not cost-effective; complementary approaches are required. A mature gut microbiota obstructs Salmonella infection in chickens, and deliberate fortification of colonization resistance through prebiotic feed formulations would benefit public health and poultry production. Prebiotic galactooligosaccharides hastens Salmonella clearance from the gut of infected chickens. To better understand the role of galactooligosaccharides in colonization resistance, broiler chickens were raised on a wheat-soybean meal-based feed, with or without galactooligosaccharides for the first 24 days of life. Chickens were orally challenged with Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis at 20 days and the effect of supplementary galactooligosaccharides characterized by profiling Salmonella colonization, gut microbiota, innate immune response, and cecal short-chain fatty acid concentrations. Exposure to dietary galactooligosaccharides shortened the time to clear S. Enteritidis from the ceca. Differential abundance analysis of the cecal microbiota associated Salmonella challenge with a bacterial taxon belonging to the Acidaminococcaceae family (P < 0.005). Increased cecal concentrations of the short-chain fatty acids propionate and valerate were measured in Salmonella-challenged chickens sustained on either control or galactooligosaccharide-supplemented feed relative to mock-challenged controls; but far greater concentrations were detected in chickens fed a galactooligosaccharide-supplemented diet in early life. The abundance of the Acidaminococcaceae taxon exhibited a positive correlation with the cecal concentrations of propionate (ρ = 0.724, P = 0.008) and valerate (ρ = 0.71, P = 0.013). The absence of cecal pro-inflammatory transcriptional responses suggest that the rapid Salmonella clearance observed for the galactooligosaccharide-supplemented diet was not linked to innate immune function. IMPORTANCE Work presented here identifies bacterial taxa responsible for colonization resistance to Salmonella in broiler chickens. Deliberate cultivation of these taxa with prebiotic galactooligosaccharide has potential as a straight-forward, safe, and cost-effective intervention against Salmonella. We hypothesize that catabolism of galactooligosaccharide and its breakdown products by indigenous microorganisms colonizing the chicken gut produce excess levels of propionate. In the absence of gross inflammation, propionate is inimical to Salmonella and hastens intestinal clearance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip J. Richards
- Division of Microbiology, Brewing and Biotechnology, School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Loughborough, Leicestershire, United Kingdom
| | - Abeer Almutrafy
- Division of Microbiology, Brewing and Biotechnology, School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Loughborough, Leicestershire, United Kingdom
| | - Lu Liang
- Division of Microbiology, Brewing and Biotechnology, School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Loughborough, Leicestershire, United Kingdom
| | - Geraldine M. Flaujac Lafontaine
- Division of Microbiology, Brewing and Biotechnology, School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Loughborough, Leicestershire, United Kingdom
| | - Elizabeth King
- Division of Microbiology, Brewing and Biotechnology, School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Loughborough, Leicestershire, United Kingdom
| | - Neville M. Fish
- Saputo Dairy UK (c/o Simon Hunt), Saputo Dairy UK Innovation Centre, Harper Adams University, Edgmond, Newport, United Kingdom
| | - Amber J. Connerton
- Division of Microbiology, Brewing and Biotechnology, School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Loughborough, Leicestershire, United Kingdom
| | - Phillippa L. Connerton
- Division of Microbiology, Brewing and Biotechnology, School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Loughborough, Leicestershire, United Kingdom
| | - Ian F. Connerton
- Division of Microbiology, Brewing and Biotechnology, School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Loughborough, Leicestershire, United Kingdom
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Choi H, Kim SW. Dietary Intervention of Benzoic Acid for Intestinal Health and Growth of Nursery Pigs. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:2394. [PMID: 39199928 PMCID: PMC11350768 DOI: 10.3390/ani14162394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2024] [Revised: 08/06/2024] [Accepted: 08/14/2024] [Indexed: 09/01/2024] Open
Abstract
The objectives of this review are to investigate how benzoic acid can mitigate the negative effects of weaning stress, improve the intestinal microbiota, intestinal health, and growth of nursery pigs, determine the optimal dose level of benzoic acid for the growth rate in nursery pigs, and compare the efficacy of benzoic acid and other acids in pig feeds. After weaning, pigs are exposed to less lactose and solid feed with high acid-binding capacity at infrequent intervals, causing an increase in digesta pH, reducing protein digestion, and increasing ammonia-producing bacteria in the stomach. Benzoic acid supplementation has improved the intestinal health and growth of nursery pigs through its antimicrobial properties and pH reduction in the digesta. The positive modulation of luminal microbiota in the small intestine of pigs by benzoic acid improves intestinal morphology and enhances nutrient utilization, especially nitrogen, of nursery pigs. Benzoic acid supplementation of up to 1% in feeds also increases hippuric acid contents in the urine of nursery pigs, decreasing urinary pH, which is related to ammonia emission and barn conditions in intensive pig production. Supported by the beneficial impacts of benzoic acid, the growth performance of nursery pigs was also improved. However, excessive benzoic acid (over 2.5% up to 5%) in feeds reduces the growth performance of nursery pigs. Thus, this review conducted a meta-analysis of the results from 16 papers to determine the optimal dose level of benzoic acid for body weight gain of nursery pigs, which was found to be 0.60%. The efficacy of benzoic acid was similar to that of other organic acids, including citric acid, fumaric acid, formic acid, and formate salts. Collectively, benzoic acid supplementation can positively modulate the luminal and mucosal microbiota in the small intestine, increase nutrient utilization and intestinal health, decrease urinary pH, and improve the growth performance of nursery pigs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sung Woo Kim
- Department of Animal Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA;
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Kiskinis K, Mantzios T, Economou V, Petridou E, Tsitsos A, Patsias A, Apostolou I, Papadopoulos GA, Giannenas I, Fortomaris P, Tsiouris V. The In Vitro Antibacterial Activity of Phytogenic and Acid-Based Eubiotics against Major Foodborne Zoonotic Poultry Pathogens. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:1611. [PMID: 38891658 PMCID: PMC11171102 DOI: 10.3390/ani14111611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2024] [Revised: 05/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
The aim of the study was to investigate in vitro the antibacterial activity of 8 commercial drinking water additives against major zoonotic poultry pathogens (Campylobacter spp., Escherichia coli, Salmonella Typhimurium, Staphylococcus aureus and Listeria spp.). We tested two essential oil-based phytogenics (Phyto CSC Liquide B, AEN 350 B Liquid), two acid-based eubiotics (Salgard® liquid, Intesti-Flora), and four blends of essential oils and organic acids (ProPhorceTM SA Exclusive, Herbal acid, Rigosol-N and Eubisan 3000). The antibacterial activity was determined by estimating the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) using a microdilution method. The MICs of the products against Campylobacter spp. ranged from 0.071% to 0.568% v/v, in which Herbal acid, a blend rich in lactic and phosphoric acids, also containing thyme and oregano oils, exhibited the highest efficacy (MIC: 0.071% v/v) against all the tested strains. The MICs of the tested products against Escherichia coli ranged between 0.071% and 1.894% v/v. Specifically, the MIC of Rigosol-N, a blend of high concentrations of lactic and acetic acid, was 0.142% v/v for both tested strains, whereas the MICs of Intesti-Flora, a mixture rich in lactic and propionic acid, ranged from 0.284% to 0.568% v/v. The MICs of the products against Salmonella Typhimurium were between 0.095% and 1.894% v/v. Specifically, the MIC of Eubisan 3000, a blend rich in oregano oil, was 0.284% v/v. The MICs against Staphylococcus aureus were between 0.142% and 9.090% v/v. The MICs of Phyto CSC Liquide B, which is rich in trans-cinnamaldehyde, were between 3.030% and 9.090% v/v, showing the highest MIC values of all tested products. Finally, the MIC values of the tested commercial products against Listeria spp. were 0.095% to 3.030% v/v. The MICs of ProPhorceTM SA Exclusive, a highly concentrated blend of formic acid and its salts, were 0.095-0.142% v/v against Listeria spp., while the MICs of AEN 350 B Liquid were between 0.284% and 1.894% exhibiting high Listeria spp. strain variability. In conclusion, all the selected commercial products exhibited more or less antibacterial activity against pathogenic bacteria and, thus, can be promising alternatives to antibiotics for the control of zoonotic poultry pathogens and the restriction of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantinos Kiskinis
- Unit of Avian Medicine, Clinic of Farm Animals, School of Veterinary Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54627 Thessaloniki, Greece; (T.M.); (V.T.)
| | - Tilemachos Mantzios
- Unit of Avian Medicine, Clinic of Farm Animals, School of Veterinary Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54627 Thessaloniki, Greece; (T.M.); (V.T.)
| | - Vangelis Economou
- Laboratory of Food Animal Hygiene and Veterinary Public Health, School of Veterinary Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (V.E.); (A.T.)
| | - Evanthia Petridou
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, School of Veterinary Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece;
| | - Anestis Tsitsos
- Laboratory of Food Animal Hygiene and Veterinary Public Health, School of Veterinary Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (V.E.); (A.T.)
| | - Apostolos Patsias
- Agricultural Poultry Cooperation of Ioannina “PINDOS”, Rodotopi, 45500 Ioannina, Greece;
| | - Ioanna Apostolou
- National Reference Laboratory (NRL) for Campylobacter, Veterinary Laboratory of Ioannina, 45221 Ioannina, Greece;
| | - Georgios A. Papadopoulos
- Laboratory of Animal Science, School of Veterinary Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (G.A.P.); (P.F.)
| | - Ilias Giannenas
- Laboratory of Nutrition, School of Veterinary Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece;
| | - Paschalis Fortomaris
- Laboratory of Animal Science, School of Veterinary Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (G.A.P.); (P.F.)
| | - Vasilios Tsiouris
- Unit of Avian Medicine, Clinic of Farm Animals, School of Veterinary Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54627 Thessaloniki, Greece; (T.M.); (V.T.)
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Amina R, Habiba R, Abouddihaj B. Camel urine as a potential source of bioactive molecules showing their efficacy against pathogens: A systematic review. Saudi J Biol Sci 2024; 31:103966. [PMID: 38495380 PMCID: PMC10940778 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2024.103966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 02/24/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Camels are highly suited for severe desert conditions and able to provide most of the natural products like urine, which has been used as alternative medicine to treat diverse infections and disorders. There is, however, a shortage and paucity of scientific reviews highlighting the antifungal, antibacterial and antiviral effects of camel urine. By better understanding its antimicrobial characteristics, our overarching aim is to provide an exhaustive overview of this valuable natural product by synthesizing and summarizing data on the efficacy of this biofluid and also describing the potential substances exhibiting antimicrobial properties. We searched three databases in order to point out relevant articles (Web of Science, Scopus and Google Scholar) until December 2022. Research articles of interest evaluating the antimicrobial effects of camel urine were selected. Overall, camel urine furnished promising antibacterial activities against gram-positive bacteria, namely Staphylococcus aureus (30 mm), Bacillus cereus (22 mm), Bacillus subtilis (25 mm) and Micrococcus luteus (21 mm), as well as gram-negative bacteria, especially Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Enterobacter cloacae, and Salmonella spp., without forgetting its efficiency on Mycobacterium tuberculosis as well. The excretion also showed its potency against H1N1 virus, vesicular stomatitis virus and middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus. Similarly, the camel urine featured strong antifungal activity against Candida albicans, Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus flavus and dermatophytes with a minimal inhibitory concentration of 0.625 μg/ml against Trichophyton violaceum, 2.5 μg/ml against Microsporum canis and 1.25 μg/ml against Trichophyton rubrum and Trichophyton mentagrophytes. This comprehensive review will be valuable for researchers interested in investigating the potential of camel urine in the development of novel broad-spectrum key molecules targeting a wide range of drug-resistant pathogenic microorganisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ressmi Amina
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Sustainable Development of Natural Resources, Life Sciences Department, Polydisciplinary Faculty, Sultan Moulay Slimane University, Beni Mellal 23023, Morocco
| | - Raqraq Habiba
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Sustainable Development of Natural Resources, Life Sciences Department, Polydisciplinary Faculty, Sultan Moulay Slimane University, Beni Mellal 23023, Morocco
| | - Barguigua Abouddihaj
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Sustainable Development of Natural Resources, Life Sciences Department, Polydisciplinary Faculty, Sultan Moulay Slimane University, Beni Mellal 23023, Morocco
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Park SK, Lee D, Jo DM, Yu D, Song HS, Kim YM. Bactericidal effect of water-washing methods on Vibrio vulnificus contaminated in a raw fish Konosirus punctatus: water type, temperature, and pH. Food Sci Biotechnol 2024; 33:1495-1504. [PMID: 38585562 PMCID: PMC10992113 DOI: 10.1007/s10068-023-01421-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 07/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/09/2024] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate a method for effectively reducing Vibrio vulnificus contamination in fish based on the type of washing water and method. Texture profiles and sensory evaluations were performed to determine the effect of the developed method on the quality and preference of the samples. The selected fish sample was Konosirus punctatus, which is mainly consumed in Asian countries. Various factors that could affect the survival rate of V. vulnificus were reviewed, including water type, temperature, exposure time, organic acids, pH, and washing methods. As a result, immersion and washing with filtered water with pH adjusted to 4.0 using acetic acid showed a high bactericidal effect of 2.5 log MPN/100 g. Furthermore, this method showed no statistically significant effect on the texture and sensory characteristics of fish. The results of the present study suggest a simple and effective method for preventing V. vulnificus infection in raw fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seul-Ki Park
- Smart Food Manufacturing Project Group, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju, 55365 Korea
| | - Daeun Lee
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Pukyong National University, Busan, 48513 Korea
| | - Du-Min Jo
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Pukyong National University, Busan, 48513 Korea
- Research Center for Marine Integrated Bionics Technology, Pukyong National University, Busan, 48513 Korea
| | - Daeung Yu
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Changwon National University, Changwon, 51140 Korea
- Interdisciplinary Program in Senior Human-Ecology, Major in Food and Nutrition, Changwon National University, Changwon, 51140 Korea
| | - Ho-Su Song
- Division of Culinary Arts, Youngsan University, Busan, 48015 Korea
| | - Young-Mog Kim
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Pukyong National University, Busan, 48513 Korea
- Research Center for Marine Integrated Bionics Technology, Pukyong National University, Busan, 48513 Korea
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9
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Otite SV, Lag-Brotons AJ, Ezemonye LI, Martin AD, Pickup RW, Semple KT. Volatile Fatty Acids Effective as Antibacterial Agents against Three Enteric Bacteria during Mesophilic Anaerobic Incubation. Molecules 2024; 29:1908. [PMID: 38731399 PMCID: PMC11085169 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29091908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
The antibacterial effects of a selection of volatile fatty acids (acetic, propionic, butyric, valeric, and caproic acids) relevant to anaerobic digestion were investigated at 1, 2 and 4 g/L. The antibacterial effects were characterised by the dynamics of Enterococcus faecalis NCTC 00775, Escherichia coli JCM 1649 and Klebsiella pneumoniae A17. Mesophilic anaerobic incubation to determine the minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) and median lethal concentration of the VFAs was carried out in Luria Bertani broth at 37 °C for 48 h. Samples collected at times 0, 3, 6, 24 and 48 h were used to monitor bacterial kinetics and pH. VFAs at 4 g/L demonstrated the highest bactericidal effect (p < 0.05), while 1 g/L supported bacterial growth. The VFA cocktail was the most effective, while propionic acid was the least effective. Enterococcus faecalis NCTC 00775 was the most resistant strain with the VFAs MBC of 4 g/L, while Klebsiella pneumoniae A17 was the least resistant with the VFAs MBC of 2 g/L. Allowing a 48 h incubation period led to more log decline in the bacterial numbers compared to earlier times. The VFA cocktail, valeric, and caproic acids at 4 g/L achieved elimination of the three bacteria strains, with over 7 log10 decrease within 48 h.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saanu Victoria Otite
- Lancaster Environment Centre, Library Avenue, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YQ, UK;
| | | | - Lawrence I. Ezemonye
- Centre for Global Eco-Innovation Nigeria, University of Benin, Benin City PMB 300313, Nigeria
- Vice Chancellor’s Office, Igbinedion University Okada, Benin City PMB 0006, Nigeria
| | - Alastair D. Martin
- Engineering Department, Gillow Avenue, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YW, UK
| | - Roger W. Pickup
- Division of Biomedical and Life Sciences, Furness Building, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YG, UK
| | - Kirk T. Semple
- Lancaster Environment Centre, Library Avenue, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YQ, UK;
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Gerunova LK, Gerunov TV, P'yanova LG, Lavrenov AV, Sedanova AV, Delyagina MS, Fedorov YN, Kornienko NV, Kryuchek YO, Tarasenko AA. Butyric acid and prospects for creation of new medicines based on its derivatives: a literature review. J Vet Sci 2024; 25:e23. [PMID: 38568825 PMCID: PMC10990906 DOI: 10.4142/jvs.23230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
The widespread use of antimicrobials causes antibiotic resistance in bacteria. The use of butyric acid and its derivatives is an alternative tactic. This review summarizes the literature on the role of butyric acid in the body and provides further prospects for the clinical use of its derivatives and delivery methods to the animal body. Thus far, there is evidence confirming the vital role of butyric acid in the body and the effectiveness of its derivatives when used as animal medicines and growth stimulants. Butyric acid salts stimulate immunomodulatory activity by reducing microbial colonization of the intestine and suppressing inflammation. Extraintestinal effects occur against the background of hemoglobinopathy, hypercholesterolemia, insulin resistance, and cerebral ischemia. Butyric acid derivatives inhibit histone deacetylase. Aberrant histone deacetylase activity is associated with the development of certain types of cancer in humans. Feed additives containing butyric acid salts or tributyrin are used widely in animal husbandry. They improve the functional status of the intestine and accelerate animal growth and development. On the other hand, high concentrations of butyric acid stimulate the apoptosis of epithelial cells and disrupt the intestinal barrier function. This review highlights the biological activity and the mechanism of action of butyric acid, its salts, and esters, revealing their role in the treatment of various animal and human diseases. This paper also discussed the possibility of using butyric acid and its derivatives as surface modifiers of enterosorbents to obtain new drugs with bifunctional action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lyudmila K Gerunova
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Omsk State Agrarian University named after P. A. Stolypin, Omsk 644008, Russian Federation
| | - Taras V Gerunov
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Omsk State Agrarian University named after P. A. Stolypin, Omsk 644008, Russian Federation
| | - Lydia G P'yanova
- Department of Materials Science and Physicochemical Research Methods, Center of New Chemical Technologies BIC, Omsk 644040, Russian Federation
| | - Alexander V Lavrenov
- Department of Materials Science and Physicochemical Research Methods, Center of New Chemical Technologies BIC, Omsk 644040, Russian Federation
| | - Anna V Sedanova
- Department of Materials Science and Physicochemical Research Methods, Center of New Chemical Technologies BIC, Omsk 644040, Russian Federation
| | - Maria S Delyagina
- Department of Materials Science and Physicochemical Research Methods, Center of New Chemical Technologies BIC, Omsk 644040, Russian Federation.
| | - Yuri N Fedorov
- Laboratory of Immunology, All-Russian Research and Technological Institute of Biological Industry, pos. Biokombinata, Shchelkovskii Region, Moscow Province 141142, Russian Federation
| | - Natalia V Kornienko
- Department of Materials Science and Physicochemical Research Methods, Center of New Chemical Technologies BIC, Omsk 644040, Russian Federation
| | - Yana O Kryuchek
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Omsk State Agrarian University named after P. A. Stolypin, Omsk 644008, Russian Federation
| | - Anna A Tarasenko
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Omsk State Agrarian University named after P. A. Stolypin, Omsk 644008, Russian Federation
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Kho K, Kadar AD, Bani MD, Pramanda IT, Martin L, Chrisdianto M, Pratama F, Devanthi PVP. The Potential of Pediococcus acidilactici Cell-Free Supernatant as a Preservative in Food Packaging Materials. Foods 2024; 13:644. [PMID: 38472756 DOI: 10.3390/foods13050644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
This study delves into the production and antimicrobial characteristics of cell-free supernatants from Pediococcus acidilactici (CFSs-Pa). Antimicrobial activity was initially observed in CFS-Pa harvested after 12 h of incubation and increased up to the late stationary phase at 48 h. The increase in antimicrobial activity did not align with total protein content, pointing to other factors linked to the accumulation of organic acids, particularly lactic acid. The SDS-PAGE analysis also indicated that the expected proteinaceous compound (pediocin) was not observed in CFS-Pa. Further investigations suggested that the antimicrobial properties of CFS-Pa were exclusively due to organic acids. The MIC values confirmed potent antimicrobial activity, particularly at a 10% dilution of CFS-Pa in MRS broth. The time-kill assays demonstrated bactericidal activity against EHEC, Listeria monocytogenes, and Staphylococcus aureus by 12 h, 18 h, and 24 h using a 10% dilution of CFS-Pa. Additionally, CFS-Pa exhibited dose-dependent antioxidant activity, requiring a 70% (v/v) concentration to inhibit DPPH scavenging activity by 50%. All the experimental results suggested potential applications of CFS-Pa in food preservation. An attempt to incorporate CFS-Pa into bacterial cellulose (BC) for edible food packaging demonstrated promising antimicrobial results, particularly against L. monocytogenes and S. aureus, with room for optimization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine Kho
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Indonesia International Institute for Life Sciences, Pulomas Barat Kavling 88, Jakarta 13210, Indonesia
| | - Adinda Darwanti Kadar
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Indonesia International Institute for Life Sciences, Pulomas Barat Kavling 88, Jakarta 13210, Indonesia
| | - Mario Donald Bani
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Indonesia International Institute for Life Sciences, Pulomas Barat Kavling 88, Jakarta 13210, Indonesia
| | - Ihsan Tria Pramanda
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Indonesia International Institute for Life Sciences, Pulomas Barat Kavling 88, Jakarta 13210, Indonesia
| | - Leon Martin
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Indonesia International Institute for Life Sciences, Pulomas Barat Kavling 88, Jakarta 13210, Indonesia
| | - Matthew Chrisdianto
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Indonesia International Institute for Life Sciences, Pulomas Barat Kavling 88, Jakarta 13210, Indonesia
| | - Ferren Pratama
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Indonesia International Institute for Life Sciences, Pulomas Barat Kavling 88, Jakarta 13210, Indonesia
| | - Putu Virgina Partha Devanthi
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Indonesia International Institute for Life Sciences, Pulomas Barat Kavling 88, Jakarta 13210, Indonesia
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Wang X, Deng T, Zhou X, Chu L, Zeng X, Zhang S, Guan W, Chen F. A Mixture of Formic Acid, Benzoic Acid, and Essential Oils Enhanced Growth Performance via Modulating Nutrient Uptake, Mitochondrion Metabolism, and Immunomodulation in Weaned Piglets. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:246. [PMID: 38397844 PMCID: PMC10886008 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13020246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the effects of a complex comprising formic acid, benzoic acid, and essential oils (AO3) on the growth performance of weaned piglets and explore the underlying mechanism. Dietary AO3 supplementation significantly enhanced the average daily gain (ADG) and average daily feed intake (ADFI), while decreasing the feed conversion rate (FCR) and diarrhea rate (p < 0.05). Additionally, AO3 addition altered the fecal microflora composition with increased abundance of f_Prevotellaceae. LPS challenges were further conducted to investigate the detailed mechanism underlying the benefits of AO3 supplementation. The piglets fed with AO3 exhibited a significant increase in villus height and decrease in crypt depth within the jejunum, along with upregulation of ZO-1, occludin, and claudin-1 (p < 0.05) compared with those piglets subjected to LPS. Furthermore, AO3 supplementation significantly ameliorated redox disturbances (T-AOC, SOD, and GSH) and inflammation (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-12) in both the serum and jejunum of piglets induced by LPS, accompanied by suppressed activation of the MAPK signaling pathway (ERK, JNK, P38) and NF-κB. The LPS challenge downregulated the activation of the AMPK signaling pathway, mRNA levels of electron transport chain complexes, and key enzymes involved in ATP synthesis, which were significantly restored by the AO3 supplementation. Additionally, AO3 supplementation restored the reduced transport of amino acids, glucose, and fatty acids induced by LPS back to the levels observed in the control group. In conclusion, dietary AO3 supplementation positively affected growth performance and gut microbiota composition, also enhancing intestinal barrier integrity, nutrient uptake, and energy metabolism, as well as alleviating oxidative stress and inflammation under LPS stimulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Agriculture Feed Industry Centre, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (X.W.); (X.Z.)
| | - Tanyi Deng
- College of Animal Science and National Engineering Research Center for Pig Breeding Industry, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (T.D.); (X.Z.); (L.C.); (S.Z.); (W.G.)
- Guangdong Laboratory of Modern Agriculture in Lingnan, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Xuemei Zhou
- College of Animal Science and National Engineering Research Center for Pig Breeding Industry, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (T.D.); (X.Z.); (L.C.); (S.Z.); (W.G.)
- Guangdong Laboratory of Modern Agriculture in Lingnan, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Licui Chu
- College of Animal Science and National Engineering Research Center for Pig Breeding Industry, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (T.D.); (X.Z.); (L.C.); (S.Z.); (W.G.)
- Guangdong Laboratory of Modern Agriculture in Lingnan, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Xiangfang Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Agriculture Feed Industry Centre, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (X.W.); (X.Z.)
| | - Shihai Zhang
- College of Animal Science and National Engineering Research Center for Pig Breeding Industry, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (T.D.); (X.Z.); (L.C.); (S.Z.); (W.G.)
- Guangdong Laboratory of Modern Agriculture in Lingnan, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Wutai Guan
- College of Animal Science and National Engineering Research Center for Pig Breeding Industry, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (T.D.); (X.Z.); (L.C.); (S.Z.); (W.G.)
- Guangdong Laboratory of Modern Agriculture in Lingnan, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Fang Chen
- College of Animal Science and National Engineering Research Center for Pig Breeding Industry, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (T.D.); (X.Z.); (L.C.); (S.Z.); (W.G.)
- Guangdong Laboratory of Modern Agriculture in Lingnan, Guangzhou 510642, China
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13
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Sodjinou BD, Leno PF, Millimono G, Akpavi S, Tona K, Houndonougbo FM. Prebiotic effects of Talinum triangulare and Mangifera indica on slow growing broiler chickens (SASSO). Heliyon 2024; 10:e25557. [PMID: 38327443 PMCID: PMC10848016 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e25557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 01/21/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024] Open
Abstract
1 The study aim was to evaluate the prebiotic effects of Talinum triangulare and Mangifera indica used on slow growing broiler chickens. 2 Three hundred and sixty (360) slow-growing chicks of four weeks of age and similar weight were selected and divided into four (04) treatments (Positive Control, Negative Control, 2 % T. triangulare and 2 % M. indica) of 6 replicates with, fifteen (15) chicks per replicate, which made ninety (90) chicks per treatment. 3 At 12 week age, blood sample and cecal content were taken from 6 chickens per treatment to determine heamatological profile and fermentation parameters (Short Chain Fatty Acid). The data obtained were submitted to one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) using the software R version 3.6.2 (R Core Team, 2019). 4 Results showed that growth performance, haematological parameters, acetic, butyric, valeric and caproic acids were similar between broilers fed with the leave powders and the positive control treatment. However, broilers fed with Talinum triangulare and Mangifera indica powders showed a lower mortality rate, compared to the negative and positive control treatments. Moreover, broilers fed with the leave powders showed significantly higher (p < 0.05) formic acid concentration than the other treatments. 5 Talinum triangulare and Mangifera indica leaves could have prebiotic properties because they stimulated the production of short-chain fatty acids that keep animals healthy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Dossou Sodjinou
- Regional Center of Excellence on Poultry Sciences (CERSA), University of Lome, Lome, Togo
- Faculty of Agronomic Sciences (FSA), University of Abomey-Calavi, Cotonou, Benin
| | - Pierre Faya Leno
- Regional Center of Excellence on Poultry Sciences (CERSA), University of Lome, Lome, Togo
| | - Germaine Millimono
- Regional Center of Excellence on Poultry Sciences (CERSA), University of Lome, Lome, Togo
| | - Sêmihinva Akpavi
- Laboratory of Botany and Plant Ecology (LBPE), University of Lomé, 01 BP 1515, Lomé 01, Togo
| | - Kokou Tona
- Regional Center of Excellence on Poultry Sciences (CERSA), University of Lome, Lome, Togo
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Finina BF, Mersha AK. Nano-enabled antimicrobial thin films: design and mechanism of action. RSC Adv 2024; 14:5290-5308. [PMID: 38357038 PMCID: PMC10866018 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra07884a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial thin films are types of protective coatings that are applied to surfaces such as medical devices, food packaging materials, water-resistant coatings, and other systems. These films prevent and reduce the spread of microbial organisms, including bacteria, fungi, and viruses. Antimicrobial thin films can be prepared from a variety of nanostructured materials including metal nanoparticles, metal oxides, plant materials, enzymes, bacteriocins and polymers. Their antimicrobial mechanism varies mostly based on the types of active agents from which the film is made of. Antimicrobial thin films are becoming increasingly popular microbial treatment methods due to their advantages such as enhanced stability, reduced toxicity levels, extended effectiveness over time and broad spectrum antimicrobial action without side effects on human health or the environment. This popularity and enhanced performance is mainly due to the extended possibility of film designs. Thin films offer convenient formulation methods which makes them suitable for commercial practices aiming at high turnover rates along with residential applications requiring frequent application cycles. This review focuses on recent developments in the possible processing methods and design approaches for assembling the various types of antimicrobial materials into nanostructured thin film-based delivery systems, along with mechanisms of action against microbes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bilisuma Fekadu Finina
- Department of Industrial Chemistry, Addis Ababa Science and Technology University Addis Ababa Ethiopia
- Department of Chemistry, Kotebe University of Education Addis Ababa Ethiopia
| | - Anteneh Kindu Mersha
- Department of Industrial Chemistry, Addis Ababa Science and Technology University Addis Ababa Ethiopia
- Nanotechnology Center of Excellence, Addis Ababa Science and Technology University Addis Ababa Ethiopia
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15
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Asiri F. Polyhydroxyalkanoates for Sustainable Aquaculture: A Review of Recent Advancements, Challenges, and Future Directions. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:2034-2058. [PMID: 38227436 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c06488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) are biodegradable biopolymers produced by prokaryotic microbes, which, at the same time, can be applied as single-cell proteins (SCPs), growing on renewable waste-derived substrates. These PHA polymers have gained increasing attention as a sustainable alternative to conventional plastics. One promising application of PHA and PHA-rich SCPs lies within the aquaculture food industry, where they hold potential as feed additives, biocontrol agents against diseases, and immunostimulants. Nevertheless, the cost of PHA production and application remains high, partly due to expensive substrates for cultivating PHA-accumulating SCPs, costly sterilization, energy-intensive SCPs harvesting techniques, and toxic PHA extraction and purification processes. This review summarizes the current state of PHA production and its application in aquaculture. The structure and classification of PHA, microbial sources, cultivation substrates, biosynthesis pathways, and the production challenges and solutions are discussed. Next, the potential of PHA application in aquaculture is explored, focusing on aquaculture challenges, common and innovative PHA-integrated farming practices, and PHA mechanisms in inhibiting pathogens, enhancing the immune system, and improving growth and gut health of various aquatic species. Finally, challenges and future research needs for PHA production and application in aquaculture are identified. Overall, this review paper provides a comprehensive overview of the potential of PHA in aquaculture and highlights the need for further research in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fahad Asiri
- Environment & Life Sciences Research Center, Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research, P.O. Box 24885, Safat 13109, Kuwait
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Meremäe K, Raudsepp P, Rusalepp L, Anton D, Bleive U, Roasto M. In Vitro Antibacterial and Antioxidative Activity and Polyphenolic Profile of the Extracts of Chokeberry, Blackcurrant, and Rowan Berries and Their Pomaces. Foods 2024; 13:421. [PMID: 38338557 PMCID: PMC10855937 DOI: 10.3390/foods13030421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The chemical composition of berries and berry pomaces is diverse, containing polyphenolic components that may have both antibacterial and antioxidative properties. In the present study, in vitro antibacterial effect of the extracts of chokeberry, blackcurrant, and rowan berries and berry pomaces against L. monocytogenes, S. aureus, E. coli, and C. jejuni was studied. In addition, the polyphenolic profile and antioxidant activity of these extracts were investigated. The polyphenolic profiles in the aqueous and 30% ethanolic extracts were determined chromatographically by HPLC-MS, and the total polyphenol content was estimated spectrophotometrically by HPLC-DAD-UV. The minimal inhibition concentrations (MICs) of the extracts against tested bacteria were determined by the broth microdilution method. The content of total polyphenols was highest and good antioxidative properties of the extracts were determined for chokeberry and blackcurrant berries and their pomaces. The highest proportions of total quercetin derivatives and anthocyanins were found in the extracts of chokeberry berry/pomace and blackcurrant berry/pomace, respectively. The sensitivity of tested microbes to the extracts of berries and berry pomaces was as follows: S. aureus > L. monocytogenes > E. coli and C. jejuni. In vitro antibacterial activity of tested extracts depended on the extraction solvent, mainly for the ethanolic extracts. Findings suggest that chokeberry and blackcurrant berries and their pomaces can be used as a good source of polyphenols with antioxidative properties, and they also have antibacterial activity against some foodborne pathogenic bacteria. It is important that the valuable compounds are extracted from juice press residues before their disposal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kadrin Meremäe
- Chair of Veterinary Biomedicine and Food Hygiene, Institute of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Fr. R. Kreutzwaldi 56/3, 51006 Tartu, Estonia; (P.R.); (D.A.); (M.R.)
| | - Piret Raudsepp
- Chair of Veterinary Biomedicine and Food Hygiene, Institute of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Fr. R. Kreutzwaldi 56/3, 51006 Tartu, Estonia; (P.R.); (D.A.); (M.R.)
| | - Linda Rusalepp
- Chair of Veterinary Biomedicine and Food Hygiene, Institute of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Fr. R. Kreutzwaldi 56/3, 51006 Tartu, Estonia; (P.R.); (D.A.); (M.R.)
| | - Dea Anton
- Chair of Veterinary Biomedicine and Food Hygiene, Institute of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Fr. R. Kreutzwaldi 56/3, 51006 Tartu, Estonia; (P.R.); (D.A.); (M.R.)
| | - Uko Bleive
- Polli Horticultural Research Centre, Chair of Horticulture, Institute of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Uus 2, 69108 Polli, Estonia;
| | - Mati Roasto
- Chair of Veterinary Biomedicine and Food Hygiene, Institute of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Fr. R. Kreutzwaldi 56/3, 51006 Tartu, Estonia; (P.R.); (D.A.); (M.R.)
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Song K, Chen L, Suo N, Kong X, Li J, Wang T, Song L, Cheng M, Guo X, Huang Z, Huang Z, Yang Y, Tian X, Choo SW. Whole-transcriptome analysis reveals mechanisms underlying antibacterial activity and biofilm inhibition by a malic acid combination (MAC) in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. PeerJ 2023; 11:e16476. [PMID: 38084141 PMCID: PMC10710775 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.16476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a highly prevalent bacterial species known for its ability to cause various infections and its remarkable adaptability and biofilm-forming capabilities. In earlier work, we conducted research involving the screening of 33 metabolites obtained from a commercial source against two prevalent bacterial strains, Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. Through screening assays, we discovered a novel malic acid combination (MAC) consisting of malic acid, citric acid, glycine, and hippuric acid, which displayed significant inhibitory effects. However, the precise underlying mechanism and the potential impact of the MAC on bacterial biofilm formation remain unknown and warrant further investigation. Methods To determine the antibacterial effectiveness of the MAC against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, we conducted minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) assays. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) techniques were employed to observe bacterial morphology and biofilm formation. We further performed a biofilm inhibition assay to assess the effect of the MAC on biofilm formation. Whole-transcriptome sequencing and bioinformatics analysis were employed to elucidate the antibacterial mechanism of the MAC. Additionally, the expression levels of differentially expressed genes were validated using the real-time PCR approach. Results Our findings demonstrated the antibacterial activity of the MAC against P. aeruginosa. SEM analysis revealed that the MAC can induce morphological changes in bacterial cells. The biofilm assay showed that the MAC could reduce biofilm formation. Whole-transcriptome analysis revealed 1093 differentially expressed genes consisting of 659 upregulated genes and 434 downregulated genes, in response to the MAC treatment. Mechanistically, the MAC inhibited P. aeruginosa growth by targeting metabolic processes, secretion system, signal transduction, and cell membrane functions, thereby potentially compromising the survival of this human pathogen. This study provides valuable insights into the antibacterial and antibiofilm activities of the MAC, a synergistic and cost-effective malic acid combination, which holds promise as a potential therapeutic drug cocktail for treating human infectious diseases in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunping Song
- Wenzhou-Kean University, College of Science, Mathematics and Technology, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Li Chen
- Universiti Malaya, Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Kuala Lumpur, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Nanhua Suo
- Wenzhou-Kean University, College of Science, Mathematics and Technology, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xinyi Kong
- Wenzhou-Kean University, College of Science, Mathematics and Technology, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Juexi Li
- Wenzhou-Kean University, College of Science, Mathematics and Technology, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Tianyu Wang
- Wenzhou-Kean University, College of Science, Mathematics and Technology, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lanni Song
- Wenzhou-Kean University, Wenzhou Municipal Key Laboratory for Applied Biomedical and Biopharmaceutical Informatics, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Mengwei Cheng
- Wenzhou-Kean University, Wenzhou Municipal Key Laboratory for Applied Biomedical and Biopharmaceutical Informatics, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xindian Guo
- Wenzhou No.2 Foreign Language School, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhenghe Huang
- Wenzhou No.2 Foreign Language School, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zichen Huang
- Wenzhou No.2 Foreign Language School, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yixin Yang
- Wenzhou-Kean University, College of Science, Mathematics and Technology, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Wenzhou-Kean University, Wenzhou Municipal Key Laboratory for Applied Biomedical and Biopharmaceutical Informatics, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Wenzhou-Kean University, Zhejiang Bioinformatics International Science and Technology Cooperation Center, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xuechen Tian
- Wenzhou-Kean University, Wenzhou Municipal Key Laboratory for Applied Biomedical and Biopharmaceutical Informatics, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Wenzhou-Kean University, Zhejiang Bioinformatics International Science and Technology Cooperation Center, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Siew Woh Choo
- Wenzhou-Kean University, College of Science, Mathematics and Technology, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Wenzhou-Kean University, Wenzhou Municipal Key Laboratory for Applied Biomedical and Biopharmaceutical Informatics, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Wenzhou-Kean University, Zhejiang Bioinformatics International Science and Technology Cooperation Center, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
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Nisa K, Arisandi R, Ibrahim N, Hardian H. Harnessing the power of probiotics to enhance neuroplasticity for neurodevelopment and cognitive function in stunting: a comprehensive review. Int J Neurosci 2023:1-11. [PMID: 37963096 DOI: 10.1080/00207454.2023.2283690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stunting become a global concern because it's not only affecting physical stature, but also affecting on neurodevelopment and cognitive function. These impacts are resulting in long-term consequences especially for human resources, such as poor-quality labor, decreased productivity due to decreasing of health quality, including immunity and cognitive aspect. DISCUSSION This comprehensive review found that based on many studies, there is an altered gut microbiota, or dysbiosis, in stunted children, causing the impairment of brain development through Microbiota-Gut Brain Axis (MGB Axis) mechanism. The administration of probiotics has been known affect MGBA by improving the physical and chemical gut barrier integrity, producing antimicrobial substance to inhibit pathogen, and recovering the healthy gut microbiota. Probiotics, along with healthy gut microbiota, produce SCFAs which have various positive impact on CNS, such as increase neurogenesis, support the development and function of microglia, reduce inflammatory signaling, improve the Blood Brain Barrier's (BBB's) integrity, produce neurotropic factors (e.g. BDNF, GDNF), and promote the formation of new synapse. Probiotics also could induce the production of IGF-1 by intestinal epithelial cells, which functioned as growth factor of multiple body tissues and resulted in improvement of linear growth as well as brain development. CONCLUSION These properties of probiotics made it become the promising and feasible new treatment approach for stunting. But since most of the studies in this field are conducted in animal models, it is necessary to translate animal data into human models and do additional study to identify the numerous components in the MGB axis and the effect of probiotics on human.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khairun Nisa
- Department of Physiology, University of Lampung, Bandar Lampung, Indonesia
| | - Rizki Arisandi
- Department of Physiology, University of Lampung, Bandar Lampung, Indonesia
| | - Nurhadi Ibrahim
- Department of Medical Physiology and Biophysics, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, Indonesia
| | - Hardian Hardian
- Department of Physiology, University of Diponegoro, Semarang, Indonesia
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Hwang SH, Maung CEH, Noh JS, Cho JY, Kim KY. Butyl succinate-mediated control of Bacillus velezensis ce 100 for apple anthracnose caused by Colletotrichum gloeosporioides. J Appl Microbiol 2023; 134:lxad247. [PMID: 37903743 DOI: 10.1093/jambio/lxad247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/01/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Microbial biocontrol agents have become an effective option to mitigate the harmfulness of chemical pesticides in recent years. This study demonstrates the control efficacy of Bacillus velezensis CE 100 on the anthracnose causal agent, Colletotrichum gloeosporioides. METHODS AND RESULTS In vitro antifungal assays revealed that the culture filtrate and volatile organic compounds of B. velezensis CE 100 strongly restricted the mycelial development of C. gloeosporioides. Moreover, a bioactive compound, butyl succinate, was isolated from the n-butanol crude extract of B. velezensis CE 100 (bce), and identified by liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization hybrid ion-trap and time-of-flight mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-QTOF-MS) and one-dimensional (1D) and two-dimensional (2D) nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). Treatment with purified butyl succinate at a concentration of 300 μg mL-1 strongly controlled conidial germination of C. gloeosporioides with an inhibition rate of 98.66%, whereas butyl succinate at a concentration of 400 μg mL-1 showed weak antifungal action on the mycelial growth of C. gloeosporioides with an inhibition rate of 31.25%. Scanning electron microscopy revealed that the morphologies of butyl succinate-treated hyphae and conidia of C. gloeosporioides were severely deformed with shriveled and wrinkled surfaces. Furthermore, butyl succinate was able to control carbendazim-resistant C. gloeosporioides, demonstrating that it could be a promising agent for the suppression of other carbendazim-resistant fungal pathogens. An in vivo biocontrol assay demonstrated that the strain ce 100 broth culture and butyl succinate showed higher control efficacy on apple anthracnose than bce. CONCLUSIONS Our findings provide insight into the antifungal potential of B. velezensis ce 100 and its butyl succinate for efficient control of phytopathogenic fungi, such as C. gloeosporiodes, in plant disease protection. This is the first study to demonstrate the antifungal potential of bacteria-derived butyl succinate for control of C. gloeosporioides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seo Hyun Hwang
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Environmentally-Friendly Agricultural Research Center, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Chaw Ei Htwe Maung
- Department of Agricultural and Biological Chemistry, Environmentally-Friendly Agricultural Research Center, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun Su Noh
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Environmentally-Friendly Agricultural Research Center, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Yong Cho
- Department of Food Science and Technology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Kil Yong Kim
- Department of Agricultural and Biological Chemistry, Environmentally-Friendly Agricultural Research Center, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
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20
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Lin Z, Yang G, Zhang M, Yang R, Wang Y, Guo P, Zhang J, Wang C, Liu Q, Gao Y. Dietary Supplementation of Mixed Organic Acids Improves Growth Performance, Immunity, and Antioxidant Capacity and Maintains the Intestinal Barrier of Ira Rabbits. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:3140. [PMID: 37835746 PMCID: PMC10571528 DOI: 10.3390/ani13193140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of mixed organic acids (MOAs) on growth performance, immunity, antioxidants, intestinal digestion, and barrier function in Ira rabbits. A total of 192 weaned male Ira rabbits at 35 days of age were randomly assigned to four groups with six replicates of eight rabbits each. The rabbits in the control group (CON) were fed a basal diet, and the antibiotic group (SAL) was fed a basal diet supplemented with 60 mg/kg salinomycin. The test groups were fed a basal diet supplemented with 1000 mg/kg and 2000 mg/kg MOAs (MOA1 and MOA2, respectively). The experiment lasted for 55 days. The results showed that the ADG of Ira rabbits in the SAL group and MOA1 group was higher than that in the CON group (p < 0.05). The serum IL-6 and liver MDA levels of Ira rabbits in the SAL group, MOA1 group, and MOA2 group were lower than those in the CON group (p < 0.05). In addition, sIgA levels in the jejunal mucosa of Ira rabbits in the SAL group and MOA1 group were increased compared with those in the CON group (p < 0.05). Compared with the CON group, the gene expression of IL-6 was decreased (p < 0.05) in the jejunal mucosa of Ira rabbits in the SAL, MOA1, and MOA2 groups, while the gene expression of IL-1β tended to decrease (p = 0.077) and the IL-10 content tended to increase (p = 0.062). Moreover, the gene expression of ZO-1 in the jejunal mucosa of Ira rabbits was elevated in the MOA1 group compared with the CON group (p < 0.05). In conclusion, dietary supplementation with MOAs can improve growth performance, enhance immune function and antioxidant capacity, and maintain the intestinal barrier in weaned Ira rabbits.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Qinghua Liu
- College of Animal Sciences (College of Bee Science), Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (Z.L.); (G.Y.); (M.Z.); (R.Y.); (Y.W.); (P.G.); (J.Z.); (C.W.)
| | - Yuyun Gao
- College of Animal Sciences (College of Bee Science), Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (Z.L.); (G.Y.); (M.Z.); (R.Y.); (Y.W.); (P.G.); (J.Z.); (C.W.)
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21
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Mohammadian T, Momeni H, Kazemi M, Mesbah M, Abedini M, Zare M, Khosravi M, Osroosh E. Eubiotic Effect of a Dietary Bio-Aqua ® and Sodium Diformate (NaDF) on Salmo trutta caspius: Innate Immune System, Biochemical Indices, Antioxidant Defense, and Expression of Immunological and Growth-Related Genes. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2023; 15:1342-1354. [PMID: 36074297 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-022-09965-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
The present study investigated the effects of combined and singular oral administration of Bio-Aqua® with different dosages of sodium diformate (NaDF) on biochemical indices, innate immune responses, antioxidant effects, and expressions of immunological related genes of Caspian brown trout (Salmo trutta caspius). Fingerlings Salmo trutta caspius (n = 1800; initial weight 15 ± 3 g) were randomly allocated into five groups (120 fish group-1 in triplicates). Control diet: without any addition, G1, G2, G3, and G4 received diets containing 0.2 g kg-1 commercial probiotic Bio-Aqua® combined with 0, 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5% NaDF to the basal diet for 60 days according to recommended dosages reported in previous studies. Results indicated that serum bactericidal activity (G3 on day 60 and G1 on day 30) and classic complement in all groups (on day 60) (G1 and G2 on day 30) were significantly elevated (P < 0.05). The serum lysozyme, glucose, globulin, and albumin levels showed no significant differences between all groups compared to the control group (P > 0.05). On days 30 and 60 of the sampling, no significant difference was observed in the amount of superoxide disotase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) between the treatments (P > 0.05) but activity of malondialdehyde (MDA) was lower in G1 than the control (P < 0.05). The expression of the immune-regulating genes IL-10, IL-1β, GTP, FATP, and IGF was significantly improved in all probiotic + acidifier-treated groups (P < 0.05). The current findings showed that mixture of Bio-Aqua® and NaDF (1.5% + pro) is beneficial, as it effectively improves some immune parameters and expression of immunological and growth-related genes in Caspian brown trout.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takavar Mohammadian
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran.
- Member of Excellence Center of Warm Water Fish Health, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran.
| | - Hossien Momeni
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Shahid, Ph.D Student Aquatic Health, Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Mohsen Kazemi
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Shahid, Ph.D Student Aquatic Health, Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Mehrzad Mesbah
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
- Member of Excellence Center of Warm Water Fish Health, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Melika Abedini
- DVM, Graduated, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Mojtaba Zare
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Shahid, Ph.D Student Aquatic Health, Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Khosravi
- Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Elham Osroosh
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Shahid, Ph.D Student Aquatic Health, Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
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Gevorgyan H, Abaghyan T, Mirumyan M, Yenkoyan K, Trchounian K. Propionic and valproic acids have an impact on bacteria viability, proton flux and ATPase activity. J Bioenerg Biomembr 2023; 55:397-408. [PMID: 37700074 DOI: 10.1007/s10863-023-09983-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023]
Abstract
Short-chain fatty acids like propionic (PPA) and valproic acids (VP) can alter gut microbiota, which is suggested to play a role in development of autism spectrum disorders (ASD). In this study we investigated the role of various concentrations of PPA and VP in gut enteric gram-negative Escherichia coli K12 and gram-positive Enterococcus hirae ATCC 9790 bacteria growth properties, ATPase activity and proton flux. The specific growth rate (µ) was 0.24 h-1 and 0.82 h-1 in E. coli and E. hirae, respectively. Different concentrations of PPA reduced the value of µ similarly in both strains. PPA affects membrane permeability only in E. hirae. PPA decreased DCCD-sensitive ATPase activity in the presence of K+ ions by 20% in E. coli and 40% in E. hirae suggesting the importance of the FOF1-K+ transport system in the regulation of PPA-disrupted homeostasis. Moreover, the H+ flux during PPA consumption could be the protective mechanism for enteric bacteria. VP has a selective effect on the µ depending on bacteria. The overwhelming effect of VP was detected on the K+-promoted ATPase activity in E. hirae. Taken together it can be suggested that PPA and VP have a disruptive effect on E. coli and E. hirae growth, viability, bioenergetic and biochemical properties, which are connected with the alteration of FOF1-ATPase activity and H+ flux rate or direction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heghine Gevorgyan
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, Yerevan State University, 1 A. Manoogian Str, Yerevan, 0025, Armenia
- Scientific-Research Institute of Biology, Faculty of Biology, Yerevan State University, Yerevan, 0025, Armenia
- Microbial Biotechnologies and Biofuel Innovation Center, Yerevan State University, Yerevan, 0025, Armenia
| | - Tamara Abaghyan
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, Yerevan State University, 1 A. Manoogian Str, Yerevan, 0025, Armenia
- Microbial Biotechnologies and Biofuel Innovation Center, Yerevan State University, Yerevan, 0025, Armenia
- Neuroscience Laboratory, Cobrain Center, Yerevan State Medical University named after M. Heratsi, Yerevan, 0025, Armenia
| | - Margarita Mirumyan
- Neuroscience Laboratory, Cobrain Center, Yerevan State Medical University named after M. Heratsi, Yerevan, 0025, Armenia
- Department of Biochemistry, Yerevan State Medical University named after M. Heratsi, Yerevan, 0025, Armenia
| | - Konstantin Yenkoyan
- Neuroscience Laboratory, Cobrain Center, Yerevan State Medical University named after M. Heratsi, Yerevan, 0025, Armenia.
- Department of Biochemistry, Yerevan State Medical University named after M. Heratsi, Yerevan, 0025, Armenia.
| | - Karen Trchounian
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, Yerevan State University, 1 A. Manoogian Str, Yerevan, 0025, Armenia.
- Scientific-Research Institute of Biology, Faculty of Biology, Yerevan State University, Yerevan, 0025, Armenia.
- Microbial Biotechnologies and Biofuel Innovation Center, Yerevan State University, Yerevan, 0025, Armenia.
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Domżał-Kędzia M, Ostrowska M, Lewińska A, Łukaszewicz M. Recent Developments and Applications of Microbial Levan, A Versatile Polysaccharide-Based Biopolymer. Molecules 2023; 28:5407. [PMID: 37513279 PMCID: PMC10384002 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28145407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 07/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Polysaccharides are essential components with diverse functions in living organisms and find widespread applications in various industries. They serve as food additives, stabilizers, thickeners, and fat substitutes in the food industry, while also contributing to dietary fiber for improved digestion and gut health. Plant-based polysaccharides are utilized in paper, textiles, wound dressings, biodegradable packaging, and tissue regeneration. Polysaccharides play a crucial role in medicine, pharmacy, and cosmetology, as well as in the production of biofuels and biomaterials. Among microbial biopolymers, microbial levan, a fructose polysaccharide, holds significant promise due to its high productivity and chemical diversity. Levan exhibits a wide range of properties, including film-forming ability, biodegradability, non-toxicity, self-aggregation, encapsulation, controlled release capacity, water retention, immunomodulatory and prebiotic activity, antimicrobial and anticancer activity, as well as high biocompatibility. These exceptional properties position levan as an attractive candidate for nature-based materials in food production, modern cosmetology, medicine, and pharmacy. Advancing the understanding of microbial polymers and reducing production costs is crucial to the future development of these fields. By further exploring the potential of microbial biopolymers, particularly levan, we can unlock new opportunities for sustainable materials and innovative applications that benefit various industries and contribute to advancements in healthcare, environmental conservation, and biotechnology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Domżał-Kędzia
- Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wroclaw, Joliot Curie 14a, 50-383 Wroclaw, Poland
- Research and Development Department InventionBio S.A., Jakóba Hechlińskiego 4, 85-825 Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Monika Ostrowska
- Research and Development Department InventionBio S.A., Jakóba Hechlińskiego 4, 85-825 Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Lewińska
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Wroclaw, Joliot Curie 14, 50-383 Wroclaw, Poland
- OnlyBio Life S.A., Jakóba Hechlińskiego 6, 85-825 Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Marcin Łukaszewicz
- Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wroclaw, Joliot Curie 14a, 50-383 Wroclaw, Poland
- Research and Development Department InventionBio S.A., Jakóba Hechlińskiego 4, 85-825 Bydgoszcz, Poland
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24
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Procaccianti G, Roggiani S, Conti G, Brigidi P, Turroni S, D’Amico F. Bifidobacterium in anticancer immunochemotherapy: friend or foe? MICROBIOME RESEARCH REPORTS 2023; 2:24. [PMID: 38046824 PMCID: PMC10688788 DOI: 10.20517/mrr.2023.23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
The gut microbiome has received a crescendo of attention in recent years due to myriad influences on human pathophysiology, including cancer. Anticancer therapy research is constantly looking for new hints to improve response to therapy while reducing the risk of relapse. In this scenario, Bifidobacterium, which inhabits the gut microbial ecosystem (especially that of children) and is considered a health-associated microbe, has emerged as a key target to assist anticancer treatments for a better prognosis. However, some researchers have recently hypothesized an unfavorable role of Bifidobacterium spp. in anticancer immunochemotherapy, leading to some confusion in the field. This narrative review summarizes the current knowledge on the role of Bifidobacterium spp. in relation to anticancer treatments, discussing the pros and cons of its presence in the gut microbiome of cancer patients. The current intervention strategies based on the administration of probiotic strains of Bifidobacterium are then discussed. Finally, the need to conduct further studies, especially functional ones, is underlined to provide robust experimental evidence, especially on the underlying molecular mechanisms, and thus resolve the controversies on this microbe for the long-term success of immunochemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giorgia Procaccianti
- Unit of Microbiome Science and Biotechnology, Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Bologna 40126, Italy
| | - Sara Roggiani
- Unit of Microbiome Science and Biotechnology, Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Bologna 40126, Italy
- Microbiomics Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna 40138, Italy
| | - Gabriele Conti
- Unit of Microbiome Science and Biotechnology, Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Bologna 40126, Italy
- Microbiomics Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna 40138, Italy
| | - Patrizia Brigidi
- Microbiomics Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna 40138, Italy
| | - Silvia Turroni
- Unit of Microbiome Science and Biotechnology, Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Bologna 40126, Italy
| | - Federica D’Amico
- Unit of Microbiome Science and Biotechnology, Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Bologna 40126, Italy
- Microbiomics Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna 40138, Italy
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25
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Rathee P, Sehrawat R, Rathee P, Khatkar A, Akkol EK, Khatkar S, Redhu N, Türkcanoğlu G, Sobarzo-Sánchez E. Polyphenols: Natural Preservatives with Promising Applications in Food, Cosmetics and Pharma Industries; Problems and Toxicity Associated with Synthetic Preservatives; Impact of Misleading Advertisements; Recent Trends in Preservation and Legislation. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:4793. [PMID: 37445107 PMCID: PMC10343617 DOI: 10.3390/ma16134793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
The global market of food, cosmetics, and pharmaceutical products requires continuous tracking of harmful ingredients and microbial contamination for the sake of the safety of both products and consumers as these products greatly dominate the consumer's health, directly or indirectly. The existence, survival, and growth of microorganisms in the product may lead to physicochemical degradation or spoilage and may infect the consumer at another end. It has become a challenge for industries to produce a product that is safe, self-stable, and has high nutritional value, as many factors such as physical, chemical, enzymatic, or microbial activities are responsible for causing spoilage to the product within the due course of time. Thus, preservatives are added to retain the virtue of the product to ensure its safety for the consumer. Nowadays, the use of synthetic/artificial preservatives has become common and has not been widely accepted by consumers as they are aware of the fact that exposure to preservatives can lead to adverse effects on health, which is a major area of concern for researchers. Naturally occurring phenolic compounds appear to be extensively used as bio-preservatives to prolong the shelf life of the finished product. Based on the convincing shreds of evidence reported in the literature, it is suggested that phenolic compounds and their derivatives have massive potential to be investigated for the development of new moieties and are proven to be promising drug molecules. The objective of this article is to provide an overview of the significant role of phenolic compounds and their derivatives in the preservation of perishable products from microbial attack due to their exclusive antioxidant and free radical scavenging properties and the problems associated with the use of synthetic preservatives in pharmaceutical products. This article also analyzes the recent trends in preservation along with technical norms that regulate the food, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical products in the developing countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka Rathee
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Baba Mastnath University, Rohtak 124021, India;
| | - Renu Sehrawat
- School of Medical and Allied Sciences, K.R. Mangalam University, Gurugram 122103, India;
| | - Pooja Rathee
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak 124001, India;
| | - Anurag Khatkar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak 124001, India;
| | - Esra Küpeli Akkol
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gazi University, Ankara 06330, Turkey;
| | - Sarita Khatkar
- Vaish Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Rohtak 124001, India;
| | - Neelam Redhu
- Department of Microbiology, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak 124001, India;
| | - Gizem Türkcanoğlu
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gazi University, Ankara 06330, Turkey;
| | - Eduardo Sobarzo-Sánchez
- Instituto de Investigación y Postgrado, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Central de Chile, Santiago 8330507, Chile
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
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26
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Mantzios T, Tsiouris V, Papadopoulos GA, Economou V, Petridou E, Brellou GD, Giannenas I, Biliaderis CG, Kiskinis K, Fortomaris P. Investigation of the Effect of Three Commercial Water Acidifiers on the Performance, Gut Health, and Campylobacter jejuni Colonization in Experimentally Challenged Broiler Chicks. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:2037. [PMID: 37370547 DOI: 10.3390/ani13122037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the effect of three commercial water acidifiers on the performance, gut health, and C. jejuni colonization in experimentally challenged broiler chicks. A total of 192 one-day-old broiler chicks (Ross 308®) were randomly allocated into 6 treatment groups with 4 replicates according to the following experimental design: group A, birds were not challenged and received tap water; group B, birds were challenged and received tap water; groups C, D, E, and F, birds were challenged and received tap water treated with 0.1% v/v SPECTRON®, with 0.1-0.2% v/v ProPhorce™ SA Exclusive, with 0.1-0.2% v/v Premium acid, and with 0.1-0.2% v/v Salgard® Liquid, respectively. The continuous water acidification evoked undesirable effects on broilers' performance and to an increased number of birds with ulcers and erosions in the oral cavity and the upper esophageal area. ProPhorce™ SA Exclusive and Premium acid significantly reduced the C. jejuni counts in the crop, whereas Salgard® Liquid significantly reduced the C. jejuni counts in the ceca of birds. At slaughter age, only Premium acid significantly reduced C. jejuni counts in the ceca of birds. All the tested products ameliorated the changes induced by C. jejuni infection in the pH in the ceca of birds. It can be concluded that besides the effectiveness of the tested products in controlling C. jejuni in broilers, their continuous application evoked undesirable effects on broilers' performance, leading to the need to modify the dosage scheme in future investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tilemachos Mantzios
- Unit of Avian Medicine, Clinic of Farm Animals, School of Veterinary Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 546 27 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Vasilios Tsiouris
- Unit of Avian Medicine, Clinic of Farm Animals, School of Veterinary Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 546 27 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Georgios A Papadopoulos
- Laboratory of Animal Husbandry, School of Veterinary Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 541 24 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Vangelis Economou
- Laboratory of Food Animal Hygiene and Veterinary Public Health, School of Veterinary Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 541 24 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Evanthia Petridou
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, School of Veterinary Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 541 24 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Georgia D Brellou
- Laboratory of Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 546 27 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Ilias Giannenas
- Laboratory of Nutrition, School of Veterinary Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 541 24 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Costas G Biliaderis
- Department of Food Science and Technology, School of Agriculture, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 541 24 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Kiskinis
- Unit of Avian Medicine, Clinic of Farm Animals, School of Veterinary Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 546 27 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Paschalis Fortomaris
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, School of Veterinary Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 541 24 Thessaloniki, Greece
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27
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Matotoka MM, Mashabela GT, Masoko P. Phytochemical Content, Antibacterial Activity, and Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory, and Cytotoxic Effects of Traditional Medicinal Plants against Respiratory Tract Bacterial Pathogens. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2023; 2023:1243438. [PMID: 37293600 PMCID: PMC10247327 DOI: 10.1155/2023/1243438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2022] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Respiratory tract infections (RTIs) are frequent ailments among humans and are a high burden on public health. This study aimed to determine the in vitro antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and cytotoxic effects of indigenous medicinal plants used in the treatment of RTIs, namely, Senna petersiana, Gardenia volkensii, Acacia senegal, and Clerodendrum glabrum. Dried leaves were extracted using various organic solvents. Antibacterial activity was quantified using the microbroth dilution assay. Protein denaturation assays were used to evaluate anti-inflammatory activity. The cytotoxicity of the extracts towards THP-1 macrophages was evaluated using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Antioxidant activity was determined using free radical scavenging activity and ferric-reducing power. Total polyphenolics were quantified. Liquid chromatography mass spectrometry was used to evaluate the acetone plant extracts. Nonpolar extracts had noteworthy antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Mycobacterium smegmatis where MIC values ranged between 0.16 and 0.63 mg/mL. At 100 μg/mL, A. senegal, G. volkensii, and S. petersiana had a nonsignificant effect on the viability of the THP-1 macrophages. The LC-MS analysis of the leaf extracts of S. petersiana detected Columnidin, Hercynine, L-Lysine citrate, and Gamma-Linolenate. A pentacyclic triterpenoid, cochalate, was detected in G. volkensii. Two flavonoids 7-hydroxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4-oxo-chroman-5-olate and (3R)-3-(2,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-7-hydroxy-4-oxo-chroman-5-olate were detected in the C. glabrum extract. The findings from this study indicated that the leaves of the selected plant extracts possess antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antibacterial activity. Therefore, they may serve as good candidates for further pharmaceutical investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mashilo M. Matotoka
- Faculty of Science and Agriculture, Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Biotechnology, University of Limpopo, Private Bag X1106, Sovenga 0727, South Africa
| | - Gabriel T. Mashabela
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Stellenbosch University, P.O. Box 19063, Francie van Zijl Drive, Tygerberg 7505, South Africa
| | - Peter Masoko
- Faculty of Science and Agriculture, Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Biotechnology, University of Limpopo, Private Bag X1106, Sovenga 0727, South Africa
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Gama GSP, Pimenta AS, Feijó FMC, Santos CS, Fernandes BCC, de Oliveira MF, de Souza EC, Monteiro TVC, Fasciotti M, de Azevedo TKB, de Melo RR, Júnior AFD. Antimicrobial activity and chemical profile of wood vinegar from eucalyptus (Eucalyptus urophylla x Eucalyptus grandis - clone I144) and bamboo (Bambusa vulgaris). World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2023; 39:186. [PMID: 37150799 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-023-03628-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Microbial resistance to drugs is a public health problem; therefore, there is a search for alternatives to replace conventional products with natural agents. One of the potential antimicrobial agents is wood vinegar derived from the carbonization of lignocellulosic raw materials. The objectives of the present work were to evaluate the antibacterial and antifungal action of two kinds of wood vinegar (WV), one of Eucalyptus urograndis wood and another of Bambusa vulgaris biomass, and determine their chemical profile. The antimicrobial effect was assessed against Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella enteritidis, Escherichia coli, Streptococcus agalactiae, and Candida albicans. The minimum inhibitory concentration and the minimum bactericidal and fungicidal concentrations were determined. Micrographs of the microorganisms before and after exposure to both kinds of wood vinegar were obtained by scanning electron microscopy. The chemical profile of the eucalyptus and bamboo vinegar was carried out by gas chromatography and mass spectrometry (GC/MS). Both types of WV presented significant antimicrobial activity, with the bamboo one having a higher efficiency. Both studied pyroligneous extracts seem promising for developing natural antimicrobials due to their efficiency against pathogens. GC/MS analyses demonstrated that the chemical profiles of both kinds of WV were similar but with some significant differences. The major component of the eucalyptus vinegar was furfural (17.2%), while the bamboo WV was phenol (15.3%). Several compounds in both WVs have proven antimicrobial activity, such as acetic acid, furfural, phenol, cresols, guaiacol, and xylenols. Together, they are the major in the chemical composition of the organic fraction of both WVs. Bamboo vinegar had a more expressive content of organic acids. Micrographs of microorganisms taken after exposure to both kinds of wood vinegar displayed several cell modifications. The potential of both types of wood vinegar as a basis for natural antimicrobial products seems feasible due to their proven effect on inhibiting the microorganisms' growth assessed in this experiment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gil Sander Próspero Gama
- Graduate Program in Forest Sciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Rodovia RN 160, Km 03 S/N, Distrito de Jundiaí, Macaíba, RN, CEP 59.280-000, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Santos Pimenta
- Graduate Program in Forest Sciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Rodovia RN 160, Km 03 S/N, Distrito de Jundiaí, Macaíba, RN, CEP 59.280-000, Brazil.
| | - Francisco Marlon Carneiro Feijó
- Graduate Program in Environment, Technology and Society - PPGATS, Universidade Federal Rural do Semiárido - UFERSA, Av. Francisco Mota, 572 - Bairro Costa E Silva, Mossoró, RN, CEP 59.625-900, Brazil
| | - Caio Sérgio Santos
- Graduate Program in Environment, Technology and Society - PPGATS, Universidade Federal Rural do Semiárido - UFERSA, Av. Francisco Mota, 572 - Bairro Costa E Silva, Mossoró, RN, CEP 59.625-900, Brazil
| | - Bruno Caio Chaves Fernandes
- Agricultural Sciences Center - CCA, Laboratory of Electron Microscopy - CPVSA, Universidade Federal Rural do Semiárido - UFERSA, Av. Francisco Mota, 572 - Bairro Costa E Silva, Mossoró, RN, CEP 59.625-900, Brazil
| | - Moacir Franco de Oliveira
- Graduate Program in Environment, Technology and Society - PPGATS, Universidade Federal Rural do Semiárido - UFERSA, Av. Francisco Mota, 572 - Bairro Costa E Silva, Mossoró, RN, CEP 59.625-900, Brazil
| | - Elias Costa de Souza
- Department of Technology and Natural Resources, Universidade Do Estado Do Pará, Rodovia PA-125, Paragominas, PA, CEP 68.625-000, Brazil
| | - Thays V C Monteiro
- Laboratory of Organic Analyses, Instituto Nacional de Metrologia, Qualidade E Tecnologia, Av. Nossa Sra. das Graças, 50, Xerém, Duque de Caxias, RJ, CEP 25.250-020, Brazil
| | - Maíra Fasciotti
- Laboratory of Organic Analyses, Instituto Nacional de Metrologia, Qualidade E Tecnologia, Av. Nossa Sra. das Graças, 50, Xerém, Duque de Caxias, RJ, CEP 25.250-020, Brazil
| | - Tatiane Kelly Barbosa de Azevedo
- Graduate Program in Forest Sciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Rodovia RN 160, Km 03 S/N, Distrito de Jundiaí, Macaíba, RN, CEP 59.280-000, Brazil
| | - Rafael Rodolfo de Melo
- Graduate Program in Environment, Technology and Society - PPGATS, Universidade Federal Rural do Semiárido - UFERSA, Av. Francisco Mota, 572 - Bairro Costa E Silva, Mossoró, RN, CEP 59.625-900, Brazil
| | - Ananias Francisco Dias Júnior
- Graduate Program in Forest Sciences, Forest Engineering, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo - UFES, Av. Gov. Lindemberg, 316, Centro, Jerônimo Monteiro City, ES, CEP 29.550-000, Brazil
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Pinto M, Soares C, Andreani T, Fidalgo F, Tavares F. Eucalyptus globulus Leaf Aqueous Extract Differentially Inhibits the Growth of Three Bacterial Tomato Pathogens. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:1727. [PMID: 37111950 PMCID: PMC10146791 DOI: 10.3390/plants12081727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
As available tools for crop disease management are scarce, new, effective, and eco-friendly solutions are needed. So, this study aimed at assessing the antibacterial activity of a dried leaf Eucalyptus globulus Labill. aqueous extract (DLE) against Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato (Pst), Xanthomonas euvesicatoria (Xeu), and Clavibacter michiganensis michiganensis (Cmm). For this, the inhibitory activity of different concentrations of DLE (0, 15, 30, 45, 60, 75, 90, 105, 120, 135, and 250 g L-1) was monitored against the type strains of Pst, Xeu, and Cmm through the obtention of their growth curves. After 48 h, results showed that the pathogen growth was strongly inhibited by DLE, with Xeu the most susceptible species (15 g L-1 MIC and IC50), followed by Pst (30 g L-1 MIC and IC50), and Cmm (45 and 35 g L-1 MIC and IC50, respectively). Additionally, using the resazurin assay, it was possible to verify that DLE considerably impaired cell viability by more than 86%, 85%, and 69% after Pst, Xeu, and Cmm were incubated with DLE concentrations equal to or higher than their MIC, respectively. However, only the treatment with DLE at 120 g L-1 did not induce any hypersensitive response in all pathogens when treated bacterial suspensions were infiltrated onto tobacco leaves. Overall, DLE can represent a great strategy for the prophylactic treatment of tomato-associated bacterial diseases or reduce the application of environmentally toxic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mafalda Pinto
- GreenUPorto-Sustainable Agrifood Production Research Centre/INOV4AGRO, Biology Department, Faculty of Sciences of University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre s/n, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
- CIBIO, Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos, InBIO Laboratório Associado, Campus de Vairão, Universidade do Porto, 4485-661 Vairão, Portugal
- Biology Department, Faculty of Sciences of University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre s/n, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
- BIOPOLIS Program in Genomics, Biodiversity and Land Planning, CIBIO, Campus de Vairão, 4485-661 Vairão, Portugal
| | - Cristiano Soares
- GreenUPorto-Sustainable Agrifood Production Research Centre/INOV4AGRO, Biology Department, Faculty of Sciences of University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre s/n, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
| | - Tatiana Andreani
- GreenUPorto-Sustainable Agrifood Production Research Centre/INOV4AGRO, Biology Department, Faculty of Sciences of University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre s/n, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
| | - Fernanda Fidalgo
- GreenUPorto-Sustainable Agrifood Production Research Centre/INOV4AGRO, Biology Department, Faculty of Sciences of University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre s/n, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
| | - Fernando Tavares
- CIBIO, Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos, InBIO Laboratório Associado, Campus de Vairão, Universidade do Porto, 4485-661 Vairão, Portugal
- Biology Department, Faculty of Sciences of University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre s/n, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
- BIOPOLIS Program in Genomics, Biodiversity and Land Planning, CIBIO, Campus de Vairão, 4485-661 Vairão, Portugal
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Du K, Foote MS, Mousavi S, Buczkowski A, Schmidt S, Peh E, Kittler S, Bereswill S, Heimesaat MM. Combination of organic acids benzoate, butyrate, caprylate, and sorbate provides a novel antibiotics-independent treatment option in the combat of acute campylobacteriosis. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1128500. [PMID: 37007531 PMCID: PMC10050375 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1128500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023] Open
Abstract
IntroductionThe food-borne Gram-negative bacterial pathogen Campylobacter jejuni may cause the acute enterocolitis syndrome campylobacteriosis in infected humans. Given that human C. jejuni infections are rising globally which hold also true for resistance rates against antibiotic compounds such as macrolides and fluoroquinolones frequently prescribed for the treatment of severe infectious enteritis, novel antibiotics-independent therapeutic strategies are needed. Distinct organic acids are well known for their health-beneficial including anti-microbial and immunomodulatory properties. In our present study, we investigated potential pathogen-lowering and anti-inflammatory effects of benzoic acid, butyric acid, caprylic acid, and sorbic acid either alone or in combination during acute murine campylobacteriosis.MethodsTherefore, secondary abiotic IL-10–/– mice were perorally infected with C. jejuni strain 81–176 and subjected to a 4-day-course of respective organic acid treatment.Results and discussionOn day 6 post-infection, mice from the combination cohort displayed slightly lower pathogen loads in the duodenum, but neither in the stomach, ileum nor large intestine. Remarkably, the clinical outcome of C. jejuni induced acute enterocolitis was significantly improved after combined organic acid treatment when compared to the placebo control group. In support, the combinatory organic acid treatment dampened both, macroscopic and microscopic inflammatory sequelae of C. jejuni infection as indicated by less colonic shrinkage and less pronounced histopathological including apoptotic epithelial cell changes in the colon on day 6 post-infection. Furthermore, mice from the combination as compared to placebo cohort exhibited lower numbers of innate and adaptive immune cells such as neutrophilic granulocytes, macrophages, monocytes, and T lymphocytes in their colonic mucosa and lamina propria, respectively, which also held true for pro-inflammatory cytokine secretion in the large intestines and mesenteric lymph nodes. Notably, the anti-inflammatory effects were not restricted to the intestinal tract, but could also be observed systemically given pro-inflammatory mediator concentrations in C. jejuni infected mice from the combination organic acid treatment that were comparable to basal values. In conclusion, our in vivo study provides first evidence that an oral application of distinct organic acids in combination exhibits pronounced anti-inflammatory effects and hence, constitutes a promising novel antibiotics-independent therapeutic strategy in the combat of acute campylobacteriosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Du
- Gastrointestinal Microbiology Research Group, Institute of Microbiology, Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Charité – University Medicine Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Minnja S. Foote
- Gastrointestinal Microbiology Research Group, Institute of Microbiology, Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Charité – University Medicine Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Soraya Mousavi
- Gastrointestinal Microbiology Research Group, Institute of Microbiology, Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Charité – University Medicine Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Agnes Buczkowski
- Gastrointestinal Microbiology Research Group, Institute of Microbiology, Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Charité – University Medicine Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
- Hofmann & Sommer GmbH & Co. KG, Büro Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sebastian Schmidt
- Gastrointestinal Microbiology Research Group, Institute of Microbiology, Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Charité – University Medicine Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
- Hofmann & Sommer GmbH & Co. KG, Büro Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Elisa Peh
- Institute for Food Quality and Food Safety, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Sophie Kittler
- Institute for Food Quality and Food Safety, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Stefan Bereswill
- Gastrointestinal Microbiology Research Group, Institute of Microbiology, Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Charité – University Medicine Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Markus M. Heimesaat
- Gastrointestinal Microbiology Research Group, Institute of Microbiology, Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Charité – University Medicine Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
- *Correspondence: Markus M. Heimesaat,
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Dell'Anno M, Scaglia E, Reggi S, Grossi S, Angelo Sgoifo Rossi C, Frazzini S, Caprarulo V, Rossi L. Evaluation of tributyrin supplementation in milk replacer on diarrhoea occurrence in pre-weaning Holstein calves. Animal 2023; 17:100791. [PMID: 37121158 DOI: 10.1016/j.animal.2023.100791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Neonatal calf diarrhoea is one of the most important health challenges in cattle herds causing substantial economic losses and antimicrobial use. Due to the raising problem of antimicrobial resistance, effective alternatives are urgently required, in line with European policies. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of tributyrin supplementation in milk replacer on diarrhoea, performance and metabolic status in preweaning Holstein calves. Twelve newborn calves, after colostrum administration, were randomly allotted in two experimental groups for 42 days: control (CTRL) fed milk replacer, tributyrin (TRIB) fed milk replacer supplemented with 0.3% of liquid tributyrin on milk powder weight. Calves BW was recorded on a weekly basis from day 7 to day 42, and feed intake was recorded daily to calculate zootechnical performance. Faecal consistency was assessed daily through the faecal score (0-3 scale; considering diarrhoea moderate = 2 and severe = 3). Faecal samples were collected weekly from rectal ampulla for microbiological analysis by plate counting method evaluating the number of total bacteria, lactic acid bacteria and coliform bacteria. On day 0 and day 42, individual blood samples were collected from jugular vein for metabolic profile analysis. Serum samples of day 42 were also evaluated for the antioxidant barrier using a colorimetric test, while glucagon-like peptide 2 and diamine oxidase concentrations were measured through immunoenzymatic assays. Tributyrin supplementation did not influence the zootechnical performance of calves over 42 days of trial. Diarrhoea frequency was significantly lower in TRIB compared to CTRL group (27.91 and 38.37%; P < 0.01) considering the whole experimental period. In particular, the major effect was observed for moderate diarrhoea in TRIB group that showed a significantly reduced frequency compared to CTRL (P < 0.01) thus suggesting a preventive effect of tributyrin. Faecal total bacterial, lactic acid and coliform bacteria counts did not show differences between groups. Urea serum concentrations tended to be lower in TRIB compared to CTRL, indicating an efficient utilisation of dietary protein. Antioxidant barrier and glucagon-like peptide 2 were comparable between CTRL and TRIB on day 42. Diamine oxidase concentrations were significantly decreased in TRIB compared to CTRL group after 42 days of trial (P < 0.01), suggesting a higher gut epithelial integrity probably due to lower diarrhoea frequency and the nourish effect of tributyrin on enterocytes. In conclusion, tributyrin could be considered as a valuable bioactive feed additive to decrease the neonatal diarrhoea occurrence and support intestinal integrity in preweaning calves.
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Non-Targeted Metabolomic Profiling Identifies Metabolites with Potential Antimicrobial Activity from an Anaerobic Bacterium Closely Related to Terrisporobacter Species. Metabolites 2023; 13:metabo13020252. [PMID: 36837871 PMCID: PMC9962286 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13020252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/04/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
This work focused on the metabolomic profiling of the conditioned medium (FS03CM) produced by an anaerobic bacterium closely related to Terrisporobacter spp. to identify potential antimicrobial metabolites. The metabolome of the conditioned medium was profiled by two-channel Chemical Isotope Labelling (CIL) LC-MS. The detected metabolites were identified or matched by conducting a library search using different confidence levels. Forty-eight significantly changed metabolites were identified with high confidence after the growth of isolate FS03 in cooked meat glucose starch (CMGS) medium. Some of the secondary metabolites identified with known antimicrobial activities were 4-hydroxyphenyllactate, 3-hydroxyphenylacetic acid, acetic acid, isobutyric acid, valeric acid, and tryptamine. Our findings revealed the presence of different secondary metabolites with previously reported antimicrobial activities and suggested the capability of producing antimicrobial metabolites by the anaerobic bacterium FS03.
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Helmy YA, Taha-Abdelaziz K, Hawwas HAEH, Ghosh S, AlKafaas SS, Moawad MMM, Saied EM, Kassem II, Mawad AMM. Antimicrobial Resistance and Recent Alternatives to Antibiotics for the Control of Bacterial Pathogens with an Emphasis on Foodborne Pathogens. Antibiotics (Basel) 2023; 12:274. [PMID: 36830185 PMCID: PMC9952301 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12020274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2023] [Revised: 01/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is one of the most important global public health problems. The imprudent use of antibiotics in humans and animals has resulted in the emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria. The dissemination of these strains and their resistant determinants could endanger antibiotic efficacy. Therefore, there is an urgent need to identify and develop novel strategies to combat antibiotic resistance. This review provides insights into the evolution and the mechanisms of AMR. Additionally, it discusses alternative approaches that might be used to control AMR, including probiotics, prebiotics, antimicrobial peptides, small molecules, organic acids, essential oils, bacteriophage, fecal transplants, and nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yosra A. Helmy
- Department of Veterinary Science, College of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40546, USA
- Department of Zoonoses, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
| | - Khaled Taha-Abdelaziz
- Department of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA
| | - Hanan Abd El-Halim Hawwas
- Department of Zoonoses, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
| | - Soumya Ghosh
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein 9301, South Africa
| | - Samar Sami AlKafaas
- Molecular Cell Biology Unit, Division of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta 31511, Egypt
| | | | - Essa M. Saied
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
- Institute for Chemistry, Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Brook-Taylor-Str. 2, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Issmat I. Kassem
- Centre for Food Safety, Department of Food Science and Technology, University of Georgia, Griffin, GA 30609, USA
| | - Asmaa M. M. Mawad
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Taibah University, Madinah 42317, Saudi Arabia
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut 71516, Egypt
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Duda-Chodak A, Tarko T, Petka-Poniatowska K. Antimicrobial Compounds in Food Packaging. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:2457. [PMID: 36768788 PMCID: PMC9917197 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 01/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
This review presents current knowledge on antimicrobial agents that are already used in the food packaging industry. At the beginning, innovative ways of food packaging were discussed, including how smart packaging differs from active packaging, and what functions they perform. Next, the focus was on one of the groups of bioactive components that are used in these packaging, namely antimicrobial agents. Among the antimicrobial agents, we selected those that have already been used in packaging and that promise to be used elsewhere, e.g., in the production of antimicrobial biomaterials. Main groups of antimicrobial agents (i.e., metals and metal oxides, organic acids, antimicrobial peptides and bacteriocins, antimicrobial agents of plant origin, enzymes, lactoferrin, chitosan, allyl isothiocyanate, the reuterin system and bacteriophages) that are incorporated or combined with various types of packaging materials to extend the shelf life of food are described. The further development of perspectives and setting of new research directions were also presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Duda-Chodak
- Department of Fermentation Technology and Microbiology, Faculty of Food Technology, University of Agriculture in Krakow, ul. Balicka 122, 30-149 Kraków, Poland
| | - Tomasz Tarko
- Department of Fermentation Technology and Microbiology, Faculty of Food Technology, University of Agriculture in Krakow, ul. Balicka 122, 30-149 Kraków, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Petka-Poniatowska
- Department of Plant Products Technology and Nutrition Hygiene, Faculty of Food Technology, University of Agriculture in Krakow, ul. Balicka 122, 30-149 Kraków, Poland
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Jiang L, Yuan C, Ye W, Huang Q, Chen Z, Wu W, Qian L. Akkermansia and its metabolites play key roles in the treatment of campylobacteriosis in mice. Front Immunol 2023; 13:1061627. [PMID: 36713373 PMCID: PMC9877526 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1061627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Campylobacter jejuni (C. jejuni) is a common food-borne bacterial pathogen that can use the host's innate immune response to induce the development of colitis. There has been some research on the role of normal intestinal flora in C. jejuni-induced colitis, but the mechanisms that play a central role in resistance to C. jejuni infection have not been explored. Methods We treated Campylobacter jejuni-infected mice with fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT), oral butyric acid and deoxycholic acid in a controlled trial and analyzed the possible mechanisms of treatment by a combination of chromatography, immunohistochemistry, fluorescence in situ hybridization, 16s rRNA gene, proteomics and western blot techniques. Results We first investigated the therapeutic effect of FMT on C. jejuni infection. The results showed that FMT significantly reduced the inflammatory response and blocked the invasion of C.jejuni into the colonic tissue. We observed a significant increase in the abundance of Akkermansia in the colon of mice after FMT, as well as a significant increase in the levels of butyric acid and deoxycholic acid. We next demonstrated that oral administration of sodium butyrate or deoxycholic acid had a similar therapeutic effect. Further proteomic analysis showed that C.jejuni induced colitis mainly through activation of the PI3K-AKT signaling pathway and MAPK signaling pathway, whereas Akkermansia, the core flora of FMT, and the gut microbial metabolites butyric acid and deoxycholic acid both inhibited these signaling pathways to counteract the infection of C. jejuni and alleviate colitis. Finally, we verified the above idea by in vitro cellular assays. In conclusion, FMT is highly effective in the treatment of colitis caused by C. jejuni, with which Akkermansia and butyric and deoxycholic acids are closely associated.The present study demonstrates that Akkermansia and butyric and deoxycholic acids are effective in the treatment of colitis caused by C. jejuni. Discussion This is the first time that Akkermansia has been found to be effective in fighting pathogens, which provides new ideas and insights into the use of FMT to alleviate colitis caused by C. jejuni and Akkermansia as a treatment for intestinal sexually transmitted diseases caused by various pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lai Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chunchun Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wenxin Ye
- Hainan Institute of Zhejiang University, Sanya, China
| | - Qixin Huang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhuo Chen
- Hainan Institute of Zhejiang University, Sanya, China
| | - Wenzi Wu
- Hainan Institute of Zhejiang University, Sanya, China
| | - Lichun Qian
- Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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Santos JEDÁ, de Brito MV, Pimenta ATÁ, da Silva GS, Zocolo GJ, Muniz CR, de Medeiros SC, Grangeiro TB, Lima MAS, da Silva CDFB. Antagonism of volatile organic compounds of the Bacillus sp. against Fusarium kalimantanense. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2022; 39:60. [PMID: 36574179 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-022-03509-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Fusarium kalimantanense is a genetic lineage of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense (Foc) and belongs to the Fusarium oxysporum species complex (FOSC). This pathogen is a causative agent of Panama disease, an infection that has caused damage to the banana crop worldwide. Bacillus sp. (LPPC170) showed preliminary antagonist activity against F. kalimantanense (LPPC130) in vitro tests from the cultivation of axenic culture and co-culture with inhibition of mycelial growth of phytopathogen of 41.23%. According to these findings, volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emitted from Bacillus sp. were obtained by solid-phase microextraction and identified by gas chromatography coupled with a mass spectrometer (GC-MS). The multivariate data analysis tool (PLS-DA and Heatmap) identified short-chain organic acids as the main antagonistic VOCs responsible for inhibiting the mycelial growth of LPPC130. Acetic acid, propanoic acid, butanoic acid, valeric acid, and isovaleric acid exhibited a strong inhibitory effect on the mycelial growth of LPPC130, with inhibition of 20.68%, 33.30%, 26.87%, 43.71%, and 53.10%, respectively. Scanning electron microscopy revealed that VOCs caused damage to the vegetative and reproductive structures of the fungus. These results suggest Bacillus LPPC170 as an excellent biocontrol tool against the phytopathogen causative agents of Panama disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- João Evangelista de Ávila Santos
- Departamento de Química Orgânica e Inorgânica, Centro de Ciências, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Campus do Pici, Bl. 940, Fortaleza, CE, 60440-593, Brazil
| | - Maria Vieira de Brito
- Departamento de Química Orgânica e Inorgânica, Centro de Ciências, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Campus do Pici, Bl. 940, Fortaleza, CE, 60440-593, Brazil
| | - Antonia Torres Ávila Pimenta
- Departamento de Química Orgânica e Inorgânica, Centro de Ciências, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Campus do Pici, Bl. 940, Fortaleza, CE, 60440-593, Brazil
| | | | - Guilherme Julião Zocolo
- Embrapa Agroindústria Tropical, Rua Sara Mesquita 2270, Pici, Fortaleza, CE, 60511-110, Brazil
| | - Celli Rodrigues Muniz
- Embrapa Agroindústria Tropical, Rua Sara Mesquita 2270, Pici, Fortaleza, CE, 60511-110, Brazil
| | - Suelen Carneiro de Medeiros
- Departamento de Biologia, Science Center, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Campus do Pici, Bl 906, Fortaleza, Ceará, 60440-900, Brazil
| | - Thalles Barbosa Grangeiro
- Departamento de Biologia, Science Center, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Campus do Pici, Bl 906, Fortaleza, Ceará, 60440-900, Brazil
| | - Mary Anne Sousa Lima
- Departamento de Química Orgânica e Inorgânica, Centro de Ciências, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Campus do Pici, Bl. 940, Fortaleza, CE, 60440-593, Brazil
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Antimicrobial activity of organic acids against canine skin bacteria. Vet Res Commun 2022; 47:999-1005. [DOI: 10.1007/s11259-022-10056-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Asiri F, Chu KH. Valorization of agro-industrial wastes into polyhydroxyalkanoates-rich single-cell proteins to enable a circular waste-to-feed economy. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 309:136660. [PMID: 36191769 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.136660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Revised: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Recovering and converting carbon and nutrients from waste streams into healthy single-cell proteins (SCPs) can be an effective strategy to address costly waste management and support the increasing animal feed demand for the global food supply. Recently, SCPs rich in polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) have been identified as an effective biocontrol healthy feed to replace conventional antibiotics-supplemented aquaculture feed. PHB, an intercellular polymer of short-chain-length (SCL) hydroxy-fatty acids, is a common type of polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) that can be microbially produced from various organics, including agro-industrial wastes. The complex chemical properties of agro-industrial wastes might produce SCPs containing PHA with SCL and/or medium chain-length (MCL) hydroxy-fatty acids. However, the effects of MCL-PHA-containing SCPs on aqua species' health and disease-fighting ability remains poorly understood. This study investigated the feasibility of producing various PHA-containing SCPs from renewable agro-industrial wastes/wastewaters, the effectiveness of SCL- and MCL-PHA as biocontrol agents, and the effects of these PHA-rich SCPs on the growth and disease resistance of an aquaculture animal model, brine shrimp Artemia. Zobellella denitrificans ZD1 and Pseudomonas oleovorans were able to grow on different pure substrates and agro-industrial wastes/wastewaters to produce various SCL- and/or MCL-PHA-rich SCPs. Low doses of MCL-fatty acids (i.e., PHA intermediates) efficiently suppressed the growth of aquaculture pathogens. Moreover, MCL-PHA-rich SCPs served as great food/energy sources for Artemia and improved Artemia's ability to fight pathogens. This study offers a win-win approach to address the challenges of wastes/wastewater management and feed supply faced by the aquaculture industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fahad Asiri
- Zachry Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Texas A&M University, 3136 TAMU, College Station, TX 77843-3136, USA; Environment & Life Sciences Research Center, Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research, P.O. Box 24885, Safat, 13109, Kuwait
| | - Kung-Hui Chu
- Zachry Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Texas A&M University, 3136 TAMU, College Station, TX 77843-3136, USA.
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Ibrahim KA, Kashef MT, Elkhamissy TR, Ramadan MA, Helmy OM. Aspartate α-decarboxylase a new therapeutic target in the fight against Helicobacter pylori infection. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:1019666. [DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1019666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Effective eradication therapy for Helicobacter pylori is a worldwide demand. Aspartate α-decarboxylase (ADC) was reported as a drug target in H. pylori, in an in silico study, with malonic acid (MA) as its inhibitor. We evaluated eradicating H. pylori infection through ADC inhibition and the possibility of resistance development. MA binding to ADC was modeled via molecular docking. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of MA were determined against H. pylori ATCC 43504, and a clinical H. pylori isolate. To confirm selective ADC inhibition, we redetermined the MIC in the presence of products of the inhibited enzymatic pathway: β-alanine and pantothenate. HPLC was used to assay the enzymatic activity of H. pylori 6x-his tagged ADC in the presence of different MA concentrations. H. pylori strains were serially exposed to MA for 14 passages, and the MICs were determined. Cytotoxicity in different cell lines was tested. The efficiency of ADC inhibition in treating H. pylori infections was evaluated using a Sprague–Dawley (SD) rat infection model. MA spectrum of activity was determined in different pathogens. MA binds to H. pylori ADC active site with a good docking score. The MIC of MA against H. pylori ranged from 0.5 to 0.75 mg/mL with MBC of 1.5 mg/mL. Increasing β-alanine and pantothenate concentrations proportionally increased MA MIC. The 6x-his tagged ADC activity decreased by increasing MA concentration. No resistance to ADC inhibition was recorded after 14 passages; MA lacked cytotoxicity in all tested cell lines. ADC inhibition effectively eradicated H. pylori infection in SD rats. MA had MIC between 0.625 to 1.25 mg/mL against the tested bacterial pathogens. In conclusion, ADC is a promising target for effectively eradicating H. pylori infection that is not affected by resistance development, besides being of broad-spectrum presence in different pathogens. MA provides a lead molecule for the development of an anti-helicobacter ADC inhibitor. This provides hope for saving the lives of those at high risk of infection with the carcinogenic H. pylori.
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Skrypnik L, Feduraev P, Golovin A, Maslennikov P, Belov N, Matveev M, Pungin A. Biotechnological Potential of Different Organs of Mistletoe ( Viscum album L.) Collected from Various Host Tree Species in an Urban Area. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:plants11202686. [PMID: 36297709 PMCID: PMC9607262 DOI: 10.3390/plants11202686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Revised: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
From an economic and ecological standpoint, it is crucial to investigate the biologically active compounds of mistletoe plants, which are currently discarded by pruning urban mistletoe-infested trees. In the present study, the content of phenolic compounds, triterpenic and organic acids, as well as the antioxidant activity of the extracts of various mistletoe organs (leaves, stems, and fruits) collected from the most infested tree species were investigated. The mistletoe samples collected from Betula pendula, Acer platanoides, Crataegus monogyna, and Sorbus aucuparia showed the highest content of phenolic acids and flavonoids as well as antioxidant activity, as measured by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS), and ferric reducing/antioxidant power (FRAP) assays. The leaves and stems of mistletoe from Tilia cordata were characterized by a high content of triterpenic acids (oleanolic, ursolic, and betulinic). The leaves and fruits of mistletoe plants from Populus nigra and Salix alba contained a high concentration of organic acids, particularly succinic and citric acids. Compared to stem and leaf extracts, the antioxidant activity of the mistletoe fruit extracts was 1.5-3 times higher. The obtained results indicate that mistletoe is a valuable raw material and can be used as a source of phenolic compounds and triterpenic and organic acids, as well as for producing extracts with antioxidant properties.
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Exploring the potential of benzoic acid derived from the endophytic fungus strain Neurospora crassa SSN01 as a promising antimicrobial agent in wound healing. Microbiol Res 2022; 262:127108. [DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2022.127108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Revised: 06/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Nekrasov RV, Ivanov GA, Chabaev MG, Zelenchenkova AA, Bogolyubova NV, Nikanova DA, Sermyagin AA, Bibikov SO, Shapovalov SO. Effect of Black Soldier Fly ( Hermetia illucens L.) Fat on Health and Productivity Performance of Dairy Cows. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12162118. [PMID: 36009708 PMCID: PMC9405003 DOI: 10.3390/ani12162118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 08/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to the intensive development of technologies for obtaining protein, energy feed and biologically active supplements from insects, the feasibility and effectiveness of introducing these products into the rations of farm animals require further study. This research aims to study the possibility and effects of feeding dairy cows fat from the larvae of the black soldier fly (BSFLF). The composition and properties of the BSFLF have been studied. The research of the fatty acid composition of BSFLF showed a high content of saturated fatty acids, including 58.9% lauric acid. The experiment was performed on black-and-white cows at the beginning of lactation (control, D0 (n = 12) vs. experimental D10 (n = 12) and D100 (n = 12) groups, 10 and 100 g/head/day BSFLF, respectively. There was no negative effect of BSFLF feeding on the process of feed digestion. The pH of the rumen content decreased (6.80 ± 0.07 & 6.85 ± 0.09 vs. 7.16 ± 0.06, p < 0.05), with an increase in the number of infusoria (0.27 ± 0.03&0.37 ± 0.09 vs. 0.18 ± 0.03 g/100 mL, p = 0.16); there was an increase in the concentration of VFA in the rumen content of animals of the experimental groups by 2.1 (p < 0.05) and 3.81 (p < 0.01) (8.66 ± 0.46 & 10.37 ± 0.42 vs. 6.56 ± 0.29) mmol/100 mL. The average daily milk yield of Group D10 cows over the experimental period (d17−d177) was slightly higher than the control (by 4.9%, p = 0.24 vs. Group D0). At the same time, Group D100 cows showed a significant increase in natural-fat milk compared to controls (by 8.0%, p < 0.05 vs. Group D0) over the same experiment period. Analysis of the fatty acid composition of the milk of the experimental animals showed some changes in the fatty acid composition of milk under the influence of BSFLF feeding; these changes were especially noticeable in Group D10. Thus, it was found that feeding dairy cows BSFLF at different dosages leads to better indicators of pre-gastric digestion and productivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roman V. Nekrasov
- L.K. Ernst Federal Research Center for Animal Husbandry, Dubrovitsy, 142132 Podolsk, Russia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +7-4967651277
| | | | - Magomed G. Chabaev
- L.K. Ernst Federal Research Center for Animal Husbandry, Dubrovitsy, 142132 Podolsk, Russia
| | | | | | - Daria A. Nikanova
- L.K. Ernst Federal Research Center for Animal Husbandry, Dubrovitsy, 142132 Podolsk, Russia
| | - Alexander A. Sermyagin
- L.K. Ernst Federal Research Center for Animal Husbandry, Dubrovitsy, 142132 Podolsk, Russia
| | - Semen O. Bibikov
- Cherkizovo Research and Testing Center LLC, 107143 Moscow, Russia
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Li Y, Wang H, Zhang Y, Li X, Jiang X, Ding H. Effects of Dietary Supplementation with Glycerol Monolaurate (GML) or the Combination of GML and Tributyrin on Growth Performance and Rumen Microbiome of Weaned Lambs. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12101309. [PMID: 35625155 PMCID: PMC9137848 DOI: 10.3390/ani12101309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Our objective was to evaluate the effects of dietary supplementation with glycerol monolaurate (GML) or the combination (Solider, SOL) of GML and tributyrin (TB) on the growth performance and rumen microbiome of weaned lambs. Thirty-six male Hu lambs (11.46 ± 0.88 kg BW and 40 ± 5 days of age) were divided into three treatment groups: (1) CON: basal diet, (2) GML: basal diet supplemented with GML at 1.84 g/kg DM, and (3) SOL: basal diet supplemented with SOL at 3 g/kg DM. GML increased the final BW (p = 0.04) and ADG (p = 0.02) compared with CON. There were no significant differences in the DMI (p > 0.10) among the three treatment groups. GML and SOL tended to decrease the dry matter intake/average daily gain (p = 0.07) compared with CON. GML tended to increase the apparent digestibility of CP (p = 0.08) compared with CON. SOL increased the apparent digestibility of NDF (p = 0.04) compared with CON. The Chao1 and Shannon indexes of SOL were both significantly higher than those of the other groups (p = 0.01). LefSE analysis showed that Bifidobacteriaceae of the Bifidobacteriales was enriched in the GML group. In addition, compared with GML, SOL reduced the relative abundance of Actinobacteria (p < 0.01) and increased the relative abundance of Verrucomicrobia (p = 0.05), and GML reduced the relative abundance of Ruminococcus (p = 0.03). Our results indicated that dietary supplementation with GML or SOL improved growth performance and feed conversion, and changed the rumen microbiome of weaned lambs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China;
- Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture & Rural Affairs, Institute of Feed Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; (H.W.); (Y.Z.); (X.L.); (X.J.)
| | - Heze Wang
- Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture & Rural Affairs, Institute of Feed Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; (H.W.); (Y.Z.); (X.L.); (X.J.)
| | - Yulei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture & Rural Affairs, Institute of Feed Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; (H.W.); (Y.Z.); (X.L.); (X.J.)
| | - Xilong Li
- Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture & Rural Affairs, Institute of Feed Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; (H.W.); (Y.Z.); (X.L.); (X.J.)
| | - Xianren Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture & Rural Affairs, Institute of Feed Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; (H.W.); (Y.Z.); (X.L.); (X.J.)
| | - Hongbiao Ding
- Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture & Rural Affairs, Institute of Feed Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; (H.W.); (Y.Z.); (X.L.); (X.J.)
- Correspondence:
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Wang Y, Chen G, Liu R, Fang X, Li F, Wu L, Wu Y. Synergistically enhanced photothermal transition of a polyoxometalate/peptide assembly improved the antibiofilm and antibacterial activities. SOFT MATTER 2022; 18:2951-2958. [PMID: 35348178 DOI: 10.1039/d2sm00092j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
We successfully developed an antimicrobial assembly (Mo154/TK-14) using molybdenum-polyoxometalate and a positively charged peptide of TK-14. It was characterized and assayed using zeta-potential, dynamic light scattering (DLS), and TEM measurements. The Mo154/TK-14 assembly showed an enhanced 808 nm absorption and, therefore, improved the photothermal conversion efficiency of Mo154 (30.3%) to 38.6%. Consequently, in comparison to 5 μM Mo154 without irradiation, both the biofilm formation and bacterial viability of S. aureus were 24.6% and 20.2%, respectively, for the Mo154/TK-14 assembly; the biofilm formation and bacterial viability were further decreased to 7.7% and 4.4% under 808 nm irradiation, respectively. Therefore, the Mo154/TK-14 assembly reflects convincing antibacterial properties compared to Mo154. This is due to the synergistic effect between the peptide-binding enhanced 808 nm absorption and the improved PTT properties. The antimicrobial assembly offers a novel strategy for the rational design of light-responsive antibacterial materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, No. 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, P. R. China.
- Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, No. 2 Liutiao Road, Changchun 130023, P. R. China
| | - Gang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, No. 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, P. R. China.
- Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, No. 2 Liutiao Road, Changchun 130023, P. R. China
| | - Rongrong Liu
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Jilin University, No. 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Xuexun Fang
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Jilin University, No. 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Fei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, No. 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, P. R. China.
- Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, No. 2 Liutiao Road, Changchun 130023, P. R. China
| | - Lixin Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, No. 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, P. R. China.
| | - Yuqing Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, No. 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, P. R. China.
- Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, No. 2 Liutiao Road, Changchun 130023, P. R. China
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Gomez-Osorio LM, Yepes-Medina V, Ballou A, Parini M, Angel R. Short and Medium Chain Fatty Acids and Their Derivatives as a Natural Strategy in the Control of Necrotic Enteritis and Microbial Homeostasis in Broiler Chickens. Front Vet Sci 2022; 8:773372. [PMID: 34970616 PMCID: PMC8712453 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2021.773372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of antibiotic growth promoters (AGPs) has historically been the most important prophylactic strategy for the control of Necrotic Enteritis (NE) caused by some Clostridium perfringens toxin types in poultry. During the last five decades, AGPs have also been supplemented in feed to improve body weight gain and feed efficiency as well as to modulate the microbiome (consisting of microbes and their genes both beneficial and potentially harmful) and reduce enteric pathogens, among other benefits. New regulatory requirements and consumer preferences have led to strong interest in natural alternatives to the AGPs for the prevention and control of illnesses caused by enteric pathogens. This interest is not just focused on the direct removal or inhibition of the causative microorganisms but also the improvement of intestinal health and homeostasis using a range of feed additives. A group of promising feed additives is short- and medium-chain fatty acids (SCFA and MCFA, respectively) and their derivatives. The use of SCFA and MCFA, including butyric, caproic, caprylic, capric, and lauric acids, has shown strong effects against NE in broilers both at experimental and commercial levels. These fatty acids also benefit intestinal health integrity and homeostasis. Other effects have also been documented, including increases in intestinal angiogenesis and gene expression of tight junctions. Chemical modifications to improve stability and point of release in the intestine have been shown to improve the efficacy of SCFA and MCFA and their derivatives. The aim of this review is to give an overview of SCFA, MCFA and their derivatives, as an alternative to replace AGPs to control the incidence and severity of NE in poultry.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Anne Ballou
- Iluma Innovation Labs, Durham, NC, United States
| | | | - Roselina Angel
- Department of Animal and Avian Sciences, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, United States
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He Y, Jinno C, Li C, Johnston SL, Xue H, Liu Y, Ji P. Effects of a blend of essential oils, medium-chain fatty acids and a toxin-adsorbing mineral on diarrhea and gut microbiome of weanling pigs experimentally infected with a pathogenic E. coli. J Anim Sci 2021; 100:6468858. [PMID: 34919701 DOI: 10.1093/jas/skab365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
A proprietary antimicrobial feed additive comprised of essential oils, medium-chain fatty acids, and a toxin-adsorbing mineral showed promising bacteriostatic and bactericidal effects in vitro. This study investigated the impacts of supplementing this blend on growth, gut microbiome, and enteric disease resilience in weaned pigs experimentally challenged with an enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC). Thirty-six weanling pigs (6.88 ± 0.30 kg body weight (BW)) blocked by weight and gender were assigned to one of three dietary treatments: control or dietary supplementation with 0.25% or 0.50% of the antimicrobial blend. This study lasted 28 d with 7 d before and 21 d after the first ETEC inoculation (d 0). All pigs were orally inoculated with 10 10 cfu F18+ ETEC/3-mL dose for 3 consecutive days. Growth performance data and diarrhea scores were recorded throughout the experiment. Fecal samples collected on d -7, 0, 7 and 21 post first inoculation (PI), and ileal digesta and mucosal tissue collected on d 21 PI were further analyzed for gut microbiome using 16S rRNA sequencing. All data, except for frequency of diarrhea and gut microbiome, were analyzed by ANOVA using the PROC MIXED of SAS. The Chi-square test was used for analyzing frequency of diarrhea. Gut microbiome data were analyzed using QIIME2 and visualized using the R program. Dietary supplementation of 0.25% or 0.5% of the antimicrobial blend increased (P < 0.05) feed efficiency on d 14 to 21 PI of ETEC and reduced (P < 0.05) frequency of diarrhea during the study. Compared to the control group, adding 0.5% dietary antimicrobial blend increased (P < 0.05) relative abundance of Firmicutes but reduced (P < 0.05) Bacteroidetes and Proteobacteria in feces on d 7 PI. Pigs that received the antimicrobial blend also had higher (P < 0.05) relative abundance of Lactobacillaceae, but lower (P < 0.05) relative abundance of Enterobacteriaceae in feces on d 7 PI than pigs in control. In conclusion, supplementation of this antimicrobial blend at 0.5% reduced incidence of severe diarrhea in weaned pigs challenged with F18 ETEC and enhanced feed efficiency of weaned pigs at the last week of the experiment. Supplementation of this antimicrobial blend also modified the microbiota diversity in feces and ileal mucosa of weaned pigs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yijie He
- Department of Animal Science, University of California, Davis, USA
| | - Cynthia Jinno
- Department of Animal Science, University of California, Davis, USA
| | - Chong Li
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, USA
| | | | | | - Yanhong Liu
- Department of Animal Science, University of California, Davis, USA
| | - Peng Ji
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, USA
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Neath C, Portocarero N, Jones C. In vitro susceptibility of swine pathogens to feed additives and active ingredients with potential as antibiotic replacements. J Appl Microbiol 2021; 132:1713-1723. [PMID: 34608714 DOI: 10.1111/jam.15318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Revised: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AIMS The rise in antibiotic resistance requires the reduction of antibiotic use in all sectors. In animal production, many commercial alternatives to antibiotics have been developed for incorporation into feeds, but a lack of evidence on their antibacterial activity limits confidence in their application. We aim to compare the antibacterial activity of feed additives and active ingredients to better understand their usefulness. METHODS AND RESULTS The antibacterial activity of 34 active ingredients and feed additives, including medium- and short-chain organic acids and essential oils, was tested against pure cultures of five bacterial swine pathogens. Antibacterial activity was observed using an agar plug diffusion method and quantified via broth microdilution. A diverse range of antibacterial activities were observed. The highest inhibitory activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus suis was exhibited by the C12 monoglyceride (0.49 mg ml-1 ). The monoglyceride of C12 was more effective than C12:0 against Strep. suis, but neither C12:0 nor its monoglyceride showed efficacy against the gram-negative micro-organisms tested. The most active against Escherichia coli were the C6:0 medium-chain organic acids and potassium diformate (1.95 mg ml-1 ). For Salmonella Typhimurium, potassium diformate, sodium diformate, and a blend of C8:0/C10:0 (each 1.96 mg ml-1 ), and for Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae, eugenol (0.49 mg ml-1 ) showed the most promising activity. CONCLUSIONS We identified broad-spectrum antibacterial activity, such as the C6:0 MCOA, and those with interesting narrow-spectrum activity, notably the killing of Strep. suis by C12 monoglyceride. We have identified additives that show the most promising bioactivity against specific pathogens. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY We broadly compare a large collection of feed additives and active ingredients for their antibacterial activity against a diverse panel of bacterial swine pathogens. This provides a solid base of evidence which can drive the development of feed supplementation strategies with the aim of reducing dependency on antibiotic use in swine production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Neath
- Faculty of Computing, Engineering and Science, School of Applied Sciences, University of South Wales, Pontypridd, UK
| | | | - Cerith Jones
- Faculty of Computing, Engineering and Science, School of Applied Sciences, University of South Wales, Pontypridd, UK
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He T, Wu Q, Ding C, Chen M, Zhang M. Hydroxylamine and nitrite are removed effectively by Streptomyces mediolani strain EM-B2. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 224:112693. [PMID: 34438268 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2021] [Revised: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Biological nitrogen removal is primarily conducted by bacteria and fungi rather than actinomycetes. However, accumulations of nitrite and hydroxylamine could significantly impair the biological nitrogen removal process. A strain of Streptomyces mediolani, termed EM-B2, was isolated from a cow dung fermentation biogas digester. The strain removed more than 99% of ammonium and 78% of total nitrogen in the presence of glucose and under environmental conditions of 30 °C, a carbon/nitrogen ratio of 15, 7.4 mg/L dissolved oxygen and a pH range of 7.5-9.0. Maximal removal rates were 2.29 mg/L/h for ammonium, 1.90 mg/L/h for nitrate and 2.01 mg/L/h for nitrite. The removal efficiencies of hydroxylamine and total nitrogen peaked at 81.48% and 60.38%, respectively. Notably, hydroxylamine and nitrite were never detected during the heterotrophic nitrification and aerobic denitrification. Nitrate rather than nitrite was accumulated from the process of hydroxylamine oxidation. These findings indicate that S. mediolani strain EM-B2 performs heterotrophic nitrification and aerobic denitrification, and can be used to remove hydroxylamine and nitrite from wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tengxia He
- Key laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), Collaborative Innovation Center for Mountain Ecology Agro-Bioengineering (CICMEAB), College of Life Sciences/Institute of Agro-bioengineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou, China.
| | - Qifeng Wu
- Key laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), Collaborative Innovation Center for Mountain Ecology Agro-Bioengineering (CICMEAB), College of Life Sciences/Institute of Agro-bioengineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou, China
| | - Chenyu Ding
- Key laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), Collaborative Innovation Center for Mountain Ecology Agro-Bioengineering (CICMEAB), College of Life Sciences/Institute of Agro-bioengineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou, China
| | - Mengping Chen
- Key laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), Collaborative Innovation Center for Mountain Ecology Agro-Bioengineering (CICMEAB), College of Life Sciences/Institute of Agro-bioengineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou, China
| | - Manman Zhang
- Key laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), Collaborative Innovation Center for Mountain Ecology Agro-Bioengineering (CICMEAB), College of Life Sciences/Institute of Agro-bioengineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou, China
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Yu H, Byun Y, Chang PS. Lipase-catalyzed two-step esterification for solvent-free production of mixed lauric acid esters with antibacterial and antioxidative activities. Food Chem 2021; 366:130650. [PMID: 34330030 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.130650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Revised: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Mixed lauric acid esters (MLE) with antibacterial and antioxidative activities were produced through lipase-catalyzed two-step esterification in solvent-free system without purification. In the first reaction, erythorbyl laurate was synthesized for 72 h. Successive reaction for 6 h at molar ratio of 1.0 (lauric acid to glycerol) produced MLE containing erythorbyl laurate and glyceryl laurate with small amounts of residual substrates, by converting 99.52% of lauric acid. MLE addition (0.5-2.0%, w/w) to Tween 20-stabilized emulsions decreased droplet size, polydispersity index, and zeta-potential, possibly enhancing the emulsion stability. In the emulsions, MLE at 0.5 and 2.0% (w/w) caused 4.4-4.6 and 5.9-6.1 log reductions of Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus, Listeria monocytogenes) and Gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa), respectively, within 12 h. Lipid hydroperoxide concentrations decreased to 50.8-98.3% in the presence of 0.5-2.0% (w/w) MLE. These findings support a novel approach without needing purification to produce multi-functional food additives for emulsion foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyunjong Yu
- Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea; Center for Agricultural Microorganism and Enzyme, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Yerim Byun
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Pahn-Shick Chang
- Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea; Center for Agricultural Microorganism and Enzyme, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea; Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea; Center for Food and Bioconvergence, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.
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Evaluation of the Physicochemical, Antioxidant, and Antibacterial Properties of Tunichrome Released from Phallusia nigra Persian Gulf Marine Tunicate. J FOOD QUALITY 2021. [DOI: 10.1155/2021/5513717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the physicochemical, nutraceutical, antioxidant, and antibacterial properties of tunichrome released from Persian Gulf tunicate (Phallusia nigra). For this purpose, molecular weight (SDS-PAGE), amino acid profile, chemical composition (GC-MS), mineral composition, functional groups (FTIR), total phenol content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), antioxidant activity, and antimicrobial properties were investigated. The results showed that tunichrome contained a high amount of essential amino acids (i.e., Lys = 32.24 mg/100 g) and essential minerals. According to GC-MS results, tunichrome had different antioxidant and antimicrobial components. The TPC and TFC of tunichrome were 0.55 mg GA/g and 0.21 mg quercetin/100 g, respectively. Tunichrome showed higher antioxidant activity than ascorbic acid, and its radical scavenging activity values were increased from 30.28 to 82.08% by increasing concentration from 50 to 200 ppm. Inhibition zones of Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus, Salmonella enterica, and Escherichia coli O157:H7 were 14, 18, 17, and 15 mm, respectively. Moreover, the minimum inhibitory concentration values of tunichrome for S. aureus, Bacillus cereus, S. enterica, and E. coli O157:H7 were 1.17, 0.59, 0.59, and 1.17 mg/ml, respectively. The minimum bacterial concentrations were 2.34, 1.17, 1.17, and 2.34 mg/ml for S. aureus, Bacillus cereus, S. enterica, and E. coli O157:H7, respectively. These results showed that tunichrome of Phallusia nigra has excellent biological effects as a bioactive compound for food fortification.
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