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Zhang L, Luo YL, Xiang Y, Bai XY, Qiang RR, Zhang X, Yang YL, Liu XL. Ferroptosis inhibitors: past, present and future. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1407335. [PMID: 38846099 PMCID: PMC11153831 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1407335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Ferroptosis is a non-apoptotic mode of programmed cell death characterized by iron dependence and lipid peroxidation. Since the ferroptosis was proposed, researchers have revealed the mechanisms of its formation and continue to explore effective inhibitors of ferroptosis in disease. Recent studies have shown a correlation between ferroptosis and the pathological mechanisms of neurodegenerative diseases, as well as diseases involving tissue or organ damage. Acting on ferroptosis-related targets may provide new strategies for the treatment of ferroptosis-mediated diseases. This article specifically describes the metabolic pathways of ferroptosis and summarizes the reported mechanisms of action of natural and synthetic small molecule inhibitors of ferroptosis and their efficacy in disease. The paper also describes ferroptosis treatments such as gene therapy, cell therapy, and nanotechnology, and summarises the challenges encountered in the clinical translation of ferroptosis inhibitors. Finally, the relationship between ferroptosis and other modes of cell death is discussed, hopefully paving the way for future drug design and discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhang
- School of Medicine, Yan’an University, Yan’an, China
| | - Yi Lin Luo
- School of Medicine, Yan’an University, Yan’an, China
| | - Yang Xiang
- College of Physical Education, Yan’an University, Yan’an, China
| | - Xin Yue Bai
- School of Medicine, Yan’an University, Yan’an, China
| | | | - Xin Zhang
- School of Medicine, Yan’an University, Yan’an, China
| | - Yan Ling Yang
- School of Medicine, Yan’an University, Yan’an, China
| | - Xiao Long Liu
- School of Medicine, Yan’an University, Yan’an, China
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Shimada A, Ueno H, Yamamoto K, Kawabata K, Inagaki M. Pentacyclic triterpene acids, rotungenic acid and barbinervic acid, from fresh leaves of Diospyros kaki Thunberg and their glutaminase inhibitory activities. Nat Prod Res 2024; 38:1611-1615. [PMID: 36434778 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2022.2150765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Glutaminase is an important target that is often over-expressed in neurodegenerative and lifestyle-related diseases but few effective inhibitors of this enzyme have yet reached clinical trials. Three compounds isolated from fresh leaves of Diospyros kaki Thunberg, ursolic acid (1), rotungenic acid (2) and barbinervic acid (3), were identified by analyzing their NMR and MS spectral data and comparison of these with reported data. The IC50 values of 1-3 and 6-diazo-5-oxo-L-norleucine (DON) as control were 775, 13, 14, and 434 μM, respectively. Compounds 2 and 3 showed higher glutaminase inhibitory activities than DON. Compounds 2 and 3 may serve as potential lead compounds for the prevention and treatment of neurodegenerative and lifestyle-related diseases by targeting glutaminase. This is the first report on glutaminase inhibitory activities of 2 and 3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsumi Shimada
- Division of Food and Nutrition, Nakamura Gakuen University Junior College, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Ueno
- Department of Medical Technology, Kawasaki University of Medical Welfare, Okayama, Japan
| | - Kenta Yamamoto
- Department of Food Management, Faculty of Nutritional Sciences, Nakamura Gakuen University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kohei Kawabata
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Yasuda Women's University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Masanori Inagaki
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Yasuda Women's University, Hiroshima, Japan
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Granath-Panelo M, Kajimura S. Mitochondrial heterogeneity and adaptations to cellular needs. Nat Cell Biol 2024; 26:674-686. [PMID: 38755301 DOI: 10.1038/s41556-024-01410-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
Although it is well described that mitochondria are at the epicentre of the energy demands of a cell, it is becoming important to consider how each cell tailors its mitochondrial composition and functions to suit its particular needs beyond ATP production. Here we provide insight into mitochondrial heterogeneity throughout development as well as in tissues with specific energy demands and discuss how mitochondrial malleability contributes to cell fate determination and tissue remodelling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melia Granath-Panelo
- Division of Endocrinology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Boston, MA, USA.
- Department of Molecular Metabolism, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Shingo Kajimura
- Division of Endocrinology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Boston, MA, USA.
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Thonusin C, Osataphan N, Leemasawat K, Nawara W, Sriwichaiin S, Supakham S, Gunaparn S, Apaijai N, Somwangprasert A, Phrommintikul A, Chattipakorn SC, Chattipakorn N. Changes in blood metabolomes as potential markers for severity and prognosis in doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity: a study in HER2-positive and HER2-negative breast cancer patients. J Transl Med 2024; 22:398. [PMID: 38685030 PMCID: PMC11059746 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-024-05088-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We aimed to compare the changes in blood metabolomes and cardiac parameters following doxorubicin treatment in HER2-positive and HER2-negative breast cancer patients. Additionally, the potential roles of changes in blood metabolomes as severity and prognostic markers of doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity were determined. METHODS HER2-positive (n = 37) and HER2-negative (n = 37) breast cancer patients were enrolled. Cardiac function assessment and blood collection were performed at baseline and 2 weeks after completion of doxorubicin treatment in all patients, as well as at three months after completion of doxorubicin treatment in HER2-negative breast cancer patients. Blood obtained at all three-time points was processed for measuring cardiac injury biomarkers. Blood obtained at baseline and 2 weeks after completion of doxorubicin treatment were also processed for measuring systemic oxidative stress and 85 metabolome levels. RESULTS Cardiac injury and systolic dysfunction 2 weeks after completion of doxorubicin treatment were comparable between these two groups of patients. However, only HER2-negative breast cancer patients exhibited increased systemic oxidative stress and cardiac autonomic dysfunction at this time point. Moreover, 33 and 29 blood metabolomes were altered at 2 weeks after completion of doxorubicin treatment in HER2-positive and HER2-negative breast cancer patients, respectively. The changes in most of these metabolomes were correlated with the changes in cardiac parameters, both at 2 weeks and 3 months after completion of doxorubicin treatment. CONCLUSIONS The changes in blood metabolomes following doxorubicin treatment were dependent on HER2 status, and these changes might serve as severity and prognostic markers of doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity. TRIAL REGISTRATION The study was conducted under ethical approval from the Institutional Review Board of the Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University (Registration number: MED-2563-07001; Date: April 28, 2020). The study also complied with the Declaration of Helsinki.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chanisa Thonusin
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Unit, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Nichanan Osataphan
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Krit Leemasawat
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Wichwara Nawara
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Sirawit Sriwichaiin
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Unit, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Siriporn Supakham
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Siriluck Gunaparn
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Nattayaporn Apaijai
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Unit, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | | | - Arintaya Phrommintikul
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Siriporn C Chattipakorn
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Department of Oral Biology and Diagnostic Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Nipon Chattipakorn
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Unit, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.
- Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.
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Al AYAE. WITHDRAWN: Broadcasters, receivers, functional groups of metabolites and the link to heart failure using polygenic factors. RESEARCH SQUARE 2024:rs.3.rs-3272974. [PMID: 37674714 PMCID: PMC10479558 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-3272974/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
The full text of this preprint has been withdrawn, as it was submitted in error. Therefore, the authors do not wish this work to be cited as a reference. Questions should be directed to the corresponding author.
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Huang Y, Lin Q, Zhou Y, Zhu J, Ma Y, Wu K, Ning Z, Zhang Z, Liu N, Li M, Liu Y, Tu T, Liu Q. Amino acid profile alteration in age-related atrial fibrillation. J Transl Med 2024; 22:259. [PMID: 38461346 PMCID: PMC10925006 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-024-05028-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2024] [Indexed: 03/11/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Amino acids (AAs) are one of the primary metabolic substrates for cardiac work. The correlation between AAs and both atrial fibrillation (AF) and aging has been documented. However, the relationship between AAs and age-related AF remains unclear. METHODS Initially, the plasma AA levels of persistent AF patients and control subjects were assessed, and the correlations between AA levels, age, and other clinical indicators were explored. Subsequently, the age-related AF mouse model was constructed and the untargeted myocardial metabolomics was conducted to detect the level of AAs and related metabolites. Additionally, the gut microbiota composition associated with age-related AF was detected by a 16S rDNA amplicon sequencing analysis on mouse fecal samples. RESULTS Higher circulation levels of lysine (Student's t-test, P = 0.001), tyrosine (P = 0.002), glutamic acid (P = 0.008), methionine (P = 0.008), and isoleucine (P = 0.014), while a lower level of glycine (P = 0.003) were observed in persistent AF patients. The feature AAs identified by machine learning algorithms were glutamic acid and methionine. The association between AAs and age differs between AF and control subjects. Distinct patterns of AA metabolic profiles were observed in the myocardial metabolites of aged AF mice. Aged AF mice had lower levels of Betaine, L-histidine, L-alanine, L-arginine, L-Pyroglutamic acid, and L-Citrulline compared with adult AF mice. Aged AF mice also presented a different gut microbiota pattern, and its functional prediction analysis showed AA metabolism alteration. CONCLUSION This study provided a comprehensive network of AA disturbances in age-related AF from multiple dimensions, including plasma, myocardium, and gut microbiota. Disturbances of AAs may serve as AF biomarkers, and restoring their homeostasis may have potential benefits for the management of age-related AF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunying Huang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No.139 Middle Renmin Road, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, People's Republic of China
- Modern Cardiovascular Disease Clinical Technology Research Center of Hunan Province, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, People's Republic of China
- Cardiovascular Disease Research Center of Hunan Province, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, People's Republic of China
- Research Institute of Blood Lipid and Atherosclerosis, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiuzhen Lin
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No.139 Middle Renmin Road, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, People's Republic of China
- Modern Cardiovascular Disease Clinical Technology Research Center of Hunan Province, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, People's Republic of China
- Cardiovascular Disease Research Center of Hunan Province, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, People's Republic of China
- Research Institute of Blood Lipid and Atherosclerosis, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong Zhou
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No.139 Middle Renmin Road, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, People's Republic of China
- Modern Cardiovascular Disease Clinical Technology Research Center of Hunan Province, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, People's Republic of China
- Cardiovascular Disease Research Center of Hunan Province, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, People's Republic of China
- Research Institute of Blood Lipid and Atherosclerosis, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiayi Zhu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No.139 Middle Renmin Road, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, People's Republic of China
- Modern Cardiovascular Disease Clinical Technology Research Center of Hunan Province, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, People's Republic of China
- Cardiovascular Disease Research Center of Hunan Province, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, People's Republic of China
- Research Institute of Blood Lipid and Atherosclerosis, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yingxu Ma
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No.139 Middle Renmin Road, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, People's Republic of China
- Modern Cardiovascular Disease Clinical Technology Research Center of Hunan Province, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, People's Republic of China
- Cardiovascular Disease Research Center of Hunan Province, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, People's Republic of China
- Research Institute of Blood Lipid and Atherosclerosis, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Keke Wu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No.139 Middle Renmin Road, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, People's Republic of China
- Modern Cardiovascular Disease Clinical Technology Research Center of Hunan Province, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, People's Republic of China
- Cardiovascular Disease Research Center of Hunan Province, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, People's Republic of China
- Research Institute of Blood Lipid and Atherosclerosis, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Zuodong Ning
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No.139 Middle Renmin Road, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, People's Republic of China
- Modern Cardiovascular Disease Clinical Technology Research Center of Hunan Province, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, People's Republic of China
- Cardiovascular Disease Research Center of Hunan Province, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, People's Republic of China
- Research Institute of Blood Lipid and Atherosclerosis, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Zixi Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No.139 Middle Renmin Road, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, People's Republic of China
- Modern Cardiovascular Disease Clinical Technology Research Center of Hunan Province, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, People's Republic of China
- Cardiovascular Disease Research Center of Hunan Province, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, People's Republic of China
- Research Institute of Blood Lipid and Atherosclerosis, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Na Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No.139 Middle Renmin Road, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, People's Republic of China
- Modern Cardiovascular Disease Clinical Technology Research Center of Hunan Province, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, People's Republic of China
- Cardiovascular Disease Research Center of Hunan Province, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, People's Republic of China
- Research Institute of Blood Lipid and Atherosclerosis, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Mohan Li
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No.139 Middle Renmin Road, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, People's Republic of China
- Modern Cardiovascular Disease Clinical Technology Research Center of Hunan Province, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, People's Republic of China
- Cardiovascular Disease Research Center of Hunan Province, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, People's Republic of China
- Research Institute of Blood Lipid and Atherosclerosis, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, People's Republic of China
- Department of Geriatrics, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100730, People's Republic of China
| | - Yaozhong Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No.139 Middle Renmin Road, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, People's Republic of China
- Modern Cardiovascular Disease Clinical Technology Research Center of Hunan Province, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, People's Republic of China
- Cardiovascular Disease Research Center of Hunan Province, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, People's Republic of China
- Research Institute of Blood Lipid and Atherosclerosis, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, People's Republic of China
- Department of Internal Medicine, Frankel Cardiovascular Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Tao Tu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No.139 Middle Renmin Road, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, People's Republic of China.
- Modern Cardiovascular Disease Clinical Technology Research Center of Hunan Province, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, People's Republic of China.
- Cardiovascular Disease Research Center of Hunan Province, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, People's Republic of China.
- Research Institute of Blood Lipid and Atherosclerosis, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, People's Republic of China.
| | - Qiming Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No.139 Middle Renmin Road, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, People's Republic of China.
- Modern Cardiovascular Disease Clinical Technology Research Center of Hunan Province, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, People's Republic of China.
- Cardiovascular Disease Research Center of Hunan Province, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, People's Republic of China.
- Research Institute of Blood Lipid and Atherosclerosis, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, People's Republic of China.
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Sadaf A, Dong M, Pfeiffer A, Latham T, Kalfa T, Vinks AA, Ware RE, Quinn CT. A Population Pharmacokinetic Analysis of L-Glutamine Exposure in Patients with Sickle Cell Disease: Evaluation of Dose and Food Effects. Clin Pharmacokinet 2024; 63:357-365. [PMID: 38401036 PMCID: PMC10954986 DOI: 10.1007/s40262-024-01349-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/26/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE L-Glutamine is a treatment for children and adults with sickle cell disease. A comprehensive evaluation of the pharmacokinetics of L-glutamine in sickle cell disease has not been conducted. We aimed to assess the effects of long-term dosing, multiple dose levels, and food intake on L-glutamine exposure in patients with sickle cell disease compared to normal participants. METHODS We conducted an open-label dose-ascending trial of L-glutamine in pediatric and adult participants with sickle cell disease (N = 8) and adult healthy volunteers (N = 4), providing a total of 400 plasma L-glutamine concentrations. Each participant received three ascending oral doses (0.1 and 0.3 g/kg twice daily and 0.6 g/kg once daily) over 3 weeks. Plasma L-glutamine concentrations were quantified using ion exchange chromatography. Both a non-compartmental pharmacokinetic analysis and a population pharmacokinetic analysis were performed. RESULTS L-glutamine had rapid absorption and elimination, and there was no significant change in the baseline (pre-dose) L-glutamine concentration throughout the study, indicating no drug accumulation. Pharmacokinetics was best described by a one-compartment model with first-order kinetics. The dose-normalized peak concentration decreased with dose escalation, indicating the capacity-limited non-linear pharmacokinetics of oral L-glutamine. A covariate analysis showed that baseline L-glutamine concentrations correlated negatively with glutamine clearance, whereas dose positively correlated with volume of distribution. Food intake did not significantly affect glutamine clearance, indicating that L-glutamine can be taken with or without food. CONCLUSIONS We report the first pharmacokinetic study of multiple-dose, long-term oral L-glutamine therapy and the first population pharmacokinetic analysis of L-glutamine for sickle cell disease. These findings may permit optimized dosing of L-glutamine for patients with sickle cell disease to maximize treatment benefits. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION This trial is registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT04684381).
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Affiliation(s)
- Alina Sadaf
- Division of Hematology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Hematology ML, 3333 Burnet Ave., Cincinnati, OH, 701545229, USA
| | - Min Dong
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Amanda Pfeiffer
- Division of Hematology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Hematology ML, 3333 Burnet Ave., Cincinnati, OH, 701545229, USA
| | - Teresa Latham
- Division of Hematology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Hematology ML, 3333 Burnet Ave., Cincinnati, OH, 701545229, USA
| | - Theodosia Kalfa
- Division of Hematology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Hematology ML, 3333 Burnet Ave., Cincinnati, OH, 701545229, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Alexander A Vinks
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Russell E Ware
- Division of Hematology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Hematology ML, 3333 Burnet Ave., Cincinnati, OH, 701545229, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Charles T Quinn
- Division of Hematology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Hematology ML, 3333 Burnet Ave., Cincinnati, OH, 701545229, USA.
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
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Wu F, Zhang J, Wang Q, Liu W, Zhang X, Ning F, Cui M, Qin L, Zhao G, Liu D, Lv S, Xu Y. Identification of immune-associated genes in vascular dementia by integrated bioinformatics and inflammatory infiltrates. Heliyon 2024; 10:e26304. [PMID: 38384571 PMCID: PMC10879030 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e26304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 02/04/2024] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective Dysregulation of the immune system plays a vital role in the pathological process of vascular dementia, and this study aims to spot critical biomarkers and immune infiltrations in vascular dementia employing a bioinformatics approach. Methods We acquired gene expression profiles from the Gene Expression Database. The gene expression data were analyzed using the bioinformatics method to identify candidate immune-related central genes for the diagnosis of vascular dementia. and the diagnostic value of nomograms and Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curves were evaluated. We also examined the role of the VaD hub genes. Using the database and potential therapeutic drugs, we predicted the miRNA and lncRNA controlling the Hub genes. Immune cell infiltration was initiated to examine immune cell dysregulation in vascular dementia. Results 1321 immune genes were included in the combined immune dataset, and 2816 DEGs were examined in GSE122063. Twenty potential genes were found using differential gene analysis and co-expression network analysis. PPI network design and functional enrichment analysis were also done using the immune system as the main subject. To create the nomogram for evaluating the diagnostic value, four potential core genes were chosen by machine learning. All four putative center genes and nomograms have a solid diagnostic value (AUC ranged from 0.81 to 0.92). Their high confidence level became unquestionable by validating each of the four biomarkers using a different dataset. According to GeneMANIA and GSEA enrichment investigations, the pathophysiology of VaD is strongly related to inflammatory responses, drug reactions, and central nervous system degeneration. The data and Hub genes were used to construct a ceRNA network that includes three miRNAs, 90 lncRNA, and potential VaD therapeutics. Immune cells with varying dysregulation were also found. Conclusion Using bioinformatic techniques, our research identified four immune-related candidate core genes (HMOX1, EBI3, CYBB, and CCR5). Our study confirms the role of these Hub genes in the onset and progression of VaD at the level of immune infiltration. It predicts potential RNA regulatory pathways control VaD progression, which may provide ideas for treating clinical disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangchao Wu
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310016, China
| | - Junling Zhang
- Shandong Medicine Technician College, Taian 271000, China
| | - Qian Wang
- Department of Central Laboratory, The Affiliated Taian City Central Hospital of Qingdao University, Taian, 271000, China
| | - Wenxin Liu
- Department of Rehabilitation, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Taian, 271000, China
| | - Xinlei Zhang
- Department of Rehabilitation, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Taian, 271000, China
| | - Fangli Ning
- Department of Rehabilitation, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Taian, 271000, China
| | - Mengmeng Cui
- Department of Rehabilitation, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Taian, 271000, China
| | - Lei Qin
- Department of Rehabilitation, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Taian, 271000, China
| | - Guohua Zhao
- Department of Rehabilitation, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Taian, 271000, China
| | - Di Liu
- Department of Neurology, Dongping County People's Hospital, Taian, 271000, China
| | - Shi Lv
- Department of Rehabilitation, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Taian, 271000, China
| | - Yuzhen Xu
- Department of Rehabilitation, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Taian, 271000, China
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9
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Zhao M, Wang K, Lin R, Mu F, Cui J, Tao X, Weng Y, Wang J. Influence of glutamine metabolism on diabetes Development:A scientometric review. Heliyon 2024; 10:e25258. [PMID: 38375272 PMCID: PMC10875382 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e25258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective "Metabolism affects function" is the consensus of researchers at present. It has potential clinical application value to study the effects of regulating glutamine (Gln) metabolism on diabetes physiology or pathology. Our research aimed to summarize the latest research progress, frontier hot topics and future development trends in this field from the perspective of scientometrics. Methods Relevant literatures and reviews were obtained from the Web of Science (WoS) between January 1, 2001 and May 31, 2022. An online analysis platform of bibliometrics, CiteSpace, and VOS viewer software were used to generate visual knowledge network graphs, including publication countries, institutions and authors partnership analysis, co-occurrence analysis, co-citation analysis, as well as citations and keywords burst detection to acquire research trends and hotspots. Results Our results showed that a total of 945 publications in the WoS database met the analysis requirements, with articles being the main type. The overall characteristics showed an increasing trend in the number of publications and citations. The United States was leading the way in this research and was a hub for aggregating collaborations across countries. Vanderbilt University delivered high-quality impact with the most published articles. DeBerardinis, RJ in this field was the most representative author and his main research contents were Gln metabolism and mitochondrial glutaminolysis. Significantly, there was a relative lack of collaboration between institutions and authors. In addition, "type 2 diabetes", "glutamine", "metabolism", "gene expression" and "metabolomics" were the keywords categories with high frequency in co-citation references and co-occurrence cluster keywords. Analysis of popular keywords burst detection showed that "branched chain", "oxidative phosphorylation", "kinase", "insulin sensitivity", "tca cycle", "magnetic resonance spectroscopy" and "flux analysis" were new research directions and emerging methods to explore the link between Gln metabolism and diabetes. Overall, exploring Gln metabolism showed a gradual upward trend in the field of diabetes. Conclusion This comprehensive scientometric study identified the general outlook for the field and provided valuable guidance for ongoing research. Strategies to regulate Gln metabolism hold promise as a novel target to treat diabetes, as well as integration and intersection of multidisciplinary provides cooperation strategies and technical guarantees for the development of this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meina Zhao
- Department of Pharmacy, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032 Shannxi Province, China
| | - Kaiyan Wang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, National Key Discipline of Cell Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032 Shannxi Province, China
| | - Rui Lin
- Department of Pharmacy, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032 Shannxi Province, China
| | - Fei Mu
- Department of Pharmacy, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032 Shannxi Province, China
| | - Jia Cui
- Department of Pharmacy, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032 Shannxi Province, China
| | - Xingru Tao
- Department of Pharmacy, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032 Shannxi Province, China
| | - Yan Weng
- Department of Pharmacy, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032 Shannxi Province, China
| | - Jingwen Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032 Shannxi Province, China
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10
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Islam SJ, Liu C, Mohandas AN, Rooney K, Nayak A, Mehta A, Ko YA, Kim JH, Sun YV, Dunbar SB, Lewis TT, Taylor HA, Uppal K, Jones DP, Quyyumi AA, Searles CD. Metabolomic signatures of ideal cardiovascular health in black adults. Sci Rep 2024; 14:1794. [PMID: 38245568 PMCID: PMC10799852 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-51920-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Plasma metabolomics profiling is an emerging methodology to identify metabolic pathways underlying cardiovascular health (CVH). The objective of this study was to define metabolomic profiles underlying CVH in a cohort of Black adults, a population that is understudied but suffers from disparate levels of CVD risk factors. The Morehouse-Emory Cardiovascular (MECA) Center for Health Equity study cohort consisted of 375 Black adults (age 53 ± 10, 39% male) without known CVD. CVH was determined by the AHA Life's Simple 7 (LS7) score, calculated from measured blood pressure, body mass index (BMI), fasting blood glucose and total cholesterol, and self-reported physical activity, diet, and smoking. Plasma metabolites were assessed using untargeted high-resolution metabolomics profiling. A metabolome wide association study (MWAS) identified metabolites associated with LS7 score after adjusting for age and sex. Using Mummichog software, metabolic pathways that were significantly enriched in metabolites associated with LS7 score were identified. Metabolites representative of these pathways were compared across clinical domains of LS7 score and then developed into a metabolomics risk score for prediction of CVH. We identified novel metabolomic signatures and pathways associated with CVH in a cohort of Black adults without known CVD. Representative and highly prevalent metabolites from these pathways included glutamine, glutamate, urate, tyrosine and alanine, the concentrations of which varied with BMI, fasting glucose, and blood pressure levels. When assessed in conjunction, these metabolites were independent predictors of CVH. One SD increase in the novel metabolomics risk score was associated with a 0.88 higher LS7 score, which translates to a 10.4% lower incident CVD risk. We identified novel metabolomic signatures of ideal CVH in a cohort of Black Americans, showing that a core group of metabolites central to nitrogen balance, bioenergetics, gluconeogenesis, and nucleotide synthesis were associated with CVH in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shabatun J Islam
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Chang Liu
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Appesh N Mohandas
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Kimberly Rooney
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Aditi Nayak
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Anurag Mehta
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Yi-An Ko
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Jeong Hwan Kim
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Yan V Sun
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Atlanta VA Health Care System, Decatur, GA, USA
| | - Sandra B Dunbar
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Nell Hodgson Woodruff School of Nursing, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Tené T Lewis
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Herman A Taylor
- Department of Medicine, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Karan Uppal
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Dean P Jones
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Arshed A Quyyumi
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Charles D Searles
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA.
- Atlanta VA Health Care System, Decatur, GA, USA.
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11
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Xu S, Liu Y, Wang Q, Liu F, Xian Y, Xu F, Liu Y. Gut microbiota in combination with blood metabolites reveals characteristics of the disease cluster of coronary artery disease and cognitive impairment: a Mendelian randomization study. Front Immunol 2024; 14:1308002. [PMID: 38288114 PMCID: PMC10822940 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1308002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The coexistence of coronary artery disease (CAD) and cognitive impairment has become a common clinical phenomenon. However, there is currently limited research on the etiology of this disease cluster, discovery of biomarkers, and identification of precise intervention targets. Methods We explored the causal connections between gut microbiota, blood metabolites, and the disease cluster of CAD combined with cognitive impairment through two-sample Mendelian randomization (TSMR). Additionally, we determine the gut microbiota and blood metabolites with the strongest causal associations using Bayesian model averaging multivariate Mendelian randomization (MR-BMA) analysis. Furthermore, we will investigate the mediating role of blood metabolites through a two-step Mendelian randomization design. Results We identified gut microbiota that had significant causal associations with cognitive impairment. Additionally, we also discovered blood metabolites that exhibited significant causal associations with both CAD and cognitive impairment. According to the MR-BMA results, the free cholesterol to total lipids ratio in large very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) was identified as the key blood metabolite significantly associated with CAD. Similarly, the cholesteryl esters to total lipids ratio in small VLDL emerged as the primary blood metabolite with a significant causal association with dementia with lewy bodies (DLB). For the two-step Mendelian randomization analysis, we identified blood metabolites that could potentially mediate the association between genus Butyricicoccus and CAD in the potential causal links. Conclusion Our study utilized Mendelian randomization (MR) to identify the gut microbiota features and blood metabolites characteristics associated with the disease cluster of CAD combined with cognitive impairment. These findings will provide a meaningful reference for the identification of biomarkers for the disease cluster of CAD combined with cognitive impairment as well as the discovery of targets for intervention to address the problems in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shihan Xu
- The Second Department of Geriatrics, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for TCM Cardiology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Disease and Syndrome Integration Prevention and Treatment of Vascular Aging, Xiyuan Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yanfei Liu
- The Second Department of Geriatrics, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for TCM Cardiology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Disease and Syndrome Integration Prevention and Treatment of Vascular Aging, Xiyuan Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qing Wang
- The Second Department of Geriatrics, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for TCM Cardiology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Disease and Syndrome Integration Prevention and Treatment of Vascular Aging, Xiyuan Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Fenglan Liu
- School of Clinical Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanfang Xian
- School of Chinese Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Fengqin Xu
- The Second Department of Geriatrics, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for TCM Cardiology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Disease and Syndrome Integration Prevention and Treatment of Vascular Aging, Xiyuan Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- School of Clinical Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yue Liu
- National Clinical Research Center for TCM Cardiology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Disease and Syndrome Integration Prevention and Treatment of Vascular Aging, Xiyuan Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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12
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Zhang Y, Li X, Zhao Z, E H, Fan T, Dong H, He X, Zhao X, Tang L, Zhou C. Comprehensive investigation on non-volatile and volatile flavor compounds in the Morchella sextelata and Morchella importuna by UPLC-MS/MS and GC × GC-TOF-MS. Food Chem X 2023; 20:100961. [PMID: 38144828 PMCID: PMC10740039 DOI: 10.1016/j.fochx.2023.100961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Morchella sextelata and Morchella importuna are the main cultivars of morel. However, the key compounds affecting their flavors (taste and odor) are currently unknown. Here, an ultra performance tandem mass spectrometry combined with two-dimensional gas chromatography-time-of-flight mass spectrometry method was used to detect and relatively quantify the metabolites in both morel cultivars. A total of 631 non-volatile compounds and 242 volatile compounds were identified. The odor activity value was calculated to assess the contribution of key odor volatile. The results indicated that M. importuna had a sweeter flavor than M. sextelata. The former posed more prominent mushroom flavor than the latter based on the correlation analysis of the metabolites. The flavor differences of the two morel cultivars are highly relevant with the content of lipids, carbohydrates, amino acids and derivatives, alcohols and ketones. This study provides new insights into the theoretical basis for the flavor differences in both morel cultivars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanmei Zhang
- Institute for Agro-food Standards and Testing Technology, Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Agro-products (Shanghai), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 1000 Jingqi Road, Shanghai 201403, China
| | - Xiaobei Li
- Institute for Agro-food Standards and Testing Technology, Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Agro-products (Shanghai), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 1000 Jingqi Road, Shanghai 201403, China
| | - Zhiyong Zhao
- Institute for Agro-food Standards and Testing Technology, Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Agro-products (Shanghai), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 1000 Jingqi Road, Shanghai 201403, China
| | - Hengchao E
- Institute for Agro-food Standards and Testing Technology, Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Agro-products (Shanghai), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 1000 Jingqi Road, Shanghai 201403, China
| | - Tingting Fan
- Institute for Agro-food Standards and Testing Technology, Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Agro-products (Shanghai), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 1000 Jingqi Road, Shanghai 201403, China
| | - Hui Dong
- Institute for Agro-food Standards and Testing Technology, Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Agro-products (Shanghai), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 1000 Jingqi Road, Shanghai 201403, China
| | - Xiangwei He
- Institute for Agro-food Standards and Testing Technology, Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Agro-products (Shanghai), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 1000 Jingqi Road, Shanghai 201403, China
| | - Xiaoyan Zhao
- Institute for Agro-food Standards and Testing Technology, Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Agro-products (Shanghai), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 1000 Jingqi Road, Shanghai 201403, China
| | - Lihua Tang
- Institute of Edible Fungi, National Engineering Research Centre of Edible Fungi, Key Laboratory of Edible Fungi Resources and Utilization (South), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201403, China
| | - Changyan Zhou
- Institute for Agro-food Standards and Testing Technology, Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Agro-products (Shanghai), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 1000 Jingqi Road, Shanghai 201403, China
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13
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Sha Y, Liu X, Pu X, He Y, Wang J, Zhao S, Shao P, Wang F, Xie Z, Chen X, Yang W. Characterizing the dynamics of the rumen microbiota, its metabolites, and blood metabolites across reproductive stages in Small-tailed Han sheep. Microbiol Spectr 2023; 11:e0286723. [PMID: 37948319 PMCID: PMC10715166 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.02867-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Our study illustrates the succession of the rumen microbiota and its metabolites in Small-tailed Han sheep at different reproductive stages. Among them, Firmicutes and Prevotella, which are related to energy metabolism, increased in abundance during pregnancy, while Fibrobacter, a fiber-degrading bacterium, increased in abundance during lactation. At the same time, the microbial metabolic profile and serum metabolic profile characteristics of different reproductive stages were revealed, and some functional pathways and metabolites related to energy and immunity were found. This study provides a reference for the health management of ruminants during non-pregnancy, pregnancy, and lactation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuzhu Sha
- College of Animal Science and Technology/Gansu Key Laboratory of Herbivorous Animal Biotechnology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xiu Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology/Gansu Key Laboratory of Herbivorous Animal Biotechnology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xiaoning Pu
- College of Animal Science and Technology/Gansu Key Laboratory of Herbivorous Animal Biotechnology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yanyu He
- School of Fundamental Sciences, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Jiqing Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology/Gansu Key Laboratory of Herbivorous Animal Biotechnology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Shengguo Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Technology/Gansu Key Laboratory of Herbivorous Animal Biotechnology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Pengyang Shao
- College of Animal Science and Technology/Gansu Key Laboratory of Herbivorous Animal Biotechnology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Fanxiong Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology/Gansu Key Laboratory of Herbivorous Animal Biotechnology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Zhuanhui Xie
- College of Animal Science and Technology/Gansu Key Laboratory of Herbivorous Animal Biotechnology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xiaowei Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology/Gansu Key Laboratory of Herbivorous Animal Biotechnology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Wenxin Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology/Gansu Key Laboratory of Herbivorous Animal Biotechnology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
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14
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Zhao L, Ma D, Wang L, Su X, Feng L, Zhu L, Chen Y, Hao Y, Wang X, Feng J. Metabolic changes with the occurrence of atherosclerotic plaques and the effects of statins. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1301051. [PMID: 38143759 PMCID: PMC10739339 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1301051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is a common cardiovascular disease caused by the abnormal expression of multiple factors and genes influenced by both environmental and genetic factors. The primary manifestation of atherosclerosis is plaque formation, which occurs when inflammatory cells consume excess lipids, affecting their retention and modification within the arterial intima. This triggers endothelial cell (EC) activation, immune cell infiltration, vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) proliferation and migration, foam cell formation, lipid streaks, and fibrous plaque development. These processes can lead to vascular wall sclerosis, lumen stenosis, and thrombosis. Immune cells, ECs, and VSMCs in atherosclerotic plaques undergo significant metabolic changes and inflammatory responses. The interaction of cytokines and chemokines secreted by these cells leads to the onset, progression, and regression of atherosclerosis. The regulation of cell- or cytokine-based immune responses is a novel therapeutic approach for atherosclerosis. Statins are currently the primary pharmacological agents utilised for managing unstable plaques owing to their ability to enhance endothelial function, regulate VSMC proliferation and apoptosis by reducing cholesterol levels, and mitigate the expression and activity of inflammatory cytokines. In this review, we provide an overview of the metabolic changes associated with atherosclerosis, describe the effects of inflammatory responses on atherosclerotic plaques, and discuss the mechanisms through which statins contribute to plaque stabilisation. Additionally, we examine the role of statins in combination with other drugs in the management of atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Di Ma
- Bethune First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - LiJuan Wang
- Bethune First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, China
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15
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Zhang Y. The essential role of glutamine metabolism in diabetic cardiomyopathy: A review. Medicine (Baltimore) 2023; 102:e36299. [PMID: 38013301 PMCID: PMC10681453 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000036299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a pathophysiological condition caused by diabetes mellitus and is the leading cause of diabetes mellitus-related mortality. The pathophysiology of DCM involves various processes, such as oxidative stress, inflammation, ferroptosis, and abnormal protein modification. New evidence indicates that dysfunction of glutamine (Gln) metabolism contributes to the pathogenesis of DCM by regulating these pathophysiological mechanisms. Gln is a conditionally essential amino acid in the human body, playing a vital role in maintaining cell function. Although the precise molecular mechanisms of Gln in DCM have yet to be fully elucidated, recent studies have shown that supplementing with Gln improves cardiac function in diabetic hearts. However, excessive Gln may worsen myocardial injury in DCM by generating a large amount of glutamates or increasing O-GlcNacylation. To highlight the potential therapeutic method targeting Gln metabolism and its downstream pathophysiological mechanisms, this article aims to review the regulatory function of Gln in the pathophysiological mechanisms of DCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiying Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Wuxi No.2 People’s Hospital, Wuxi City, People’s Republic of China
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16
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Li S, Li J, Cheng W, He W, Dai SS. Independent and Interactive Roles of Immunity and Metabolism in Aortic Dissection. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15908. [PMID: 37958896 PMCID: PMC10647240 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242115908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Revised: 10/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Aortic dissection (AD) is a cardiovascular disease that seriously endangers the lives of patients. The mortality rate of this disease is high, and the incidence is increasing annually, but the pathogenesis of AD is complicated. In recent years, an increasing number of studies have shown that immune cell infiltration in the media and adventitia of the aorta is a novel hallmark of AD. These cells contribute to changes in the immune microenvironment, which can affect their own metabolism and that of parenchymal cells in the aortic wall, which are essential factors that induce degeneration and remodeling of the vascular wall and play important roles in the formation and development of AD. Accordingly, this review focuses on the independent and interactive roles of immunity and metabolism in AD to provide further insights into the pathogenesis, novel ideas for diagnosis and new strategies for treatment or early prevention of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyu Li
- School of Medicine, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Wei Cheng
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Wenhui He
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Shuang-Shuang Dai
- School of Medicine, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
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17
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Weiss R, Meersch M, Gerke M, Wempe C, Schäfers M, Kellum JA, Zarbock A. Effect of Glutamine Administration After Cardiac Surgery on Kidney Damage in Patients at High Risk for Acute Kidney Injury: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Anesth Analg 2023; 137:1029-1038. [PMID: 36730070 DOI: 10.1213/ane.0000000000006288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common complication after cardiac surgery and is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. However, no specific treatment options are available, emphasizing the need for preventive measures. The aim of this study was to clarify the effect of glutamine on [TIMP2]*[IGFBP7] levels at the end of the intervention period. METHODS In a randomized clinical, double-blind pilot study, 64 eligible cardiac surgery patients at high risk for AKI identified by high urinary [TIMP2]*[IGFBP7] were randomized, and body weight-adapted intravenous glutamine or saline-control was administered continuously for 12 hours postoperatively. The primary outcome was urinary [TIMP2]*[IGFBP7] at the end of the 12-hour study period. Secondary outcomes included kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1) and neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) at 12 hours, overall AKI rates at 72 hours, free days through day 28 of mechanical ventilation and vasoactive medication, renal recovery at day 90, requirement of renal replacement therapy and mortality each at days 30, 60, and 90, length of intensive care unit (ICU) and hospital stay, and major adverse kidney events consisting of mortality, dialysis dependency, and persistent renal dysfunction (serum creatinine ≥2× compared to baseline value) at day 90 (major adverse kidney event; MAKE 90 ). RESULTS Sixty-four patients (mean age, 68.38 [standard deviation {SD} ± 10.48] years; 10 of 64 women) were enrolled and randomized. Patients received coronary artery bypass graft surgery (32/64), valve surgery (18/64), coronary artery bypass graft and valve surgery (6/64), or other procedures (8/64). Mean on-pump time was 68.38 (standard deviation ± 10.48) minutes. After glutamine administration, urinary [TIMP-2]*[IGFBP7] was significantly lower in the glutamine compared to the control group (primary end point, intervention: median, 0.18 [Q1, Q3; 0.09, 0.29], controls: median, 0.44 [Q1, Q3; 0.14, 0.79]; P = .01). In addition, [KIM-1] and [NGAL] were also significantly lower in the glutamine group. The overall AKI rate within 72 hours was not different among groups: (intervention 11/31 [35.5%] versus control 8/32 [25.0%]; P = .419; relative risk [RR], 0.86% [95% confidence interval {CI}, 0.62-1.20]). There were no differences regarding secondary end points. CONCLUSIONS Glutamine significantly decreased markers of kidney damage in cardiac surgery patients at high risk for AKI. Future trials have to be performed to investigate whether the administration of glutamine might be able to reduce the occurrence of AKI after cardiac surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raphael Weiss
- From the Departments of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine
| | - Melanie Meersch
- From the Departments of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine
| | - Mena Gerke
- From the Departments of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine
| | - Carola Wempe
- From the Departments of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine
| | | | - John A Kellum
- Center for Critical Care Nephrology, Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Alexander Zarbock
- From the Departments of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine
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18
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Yang Y, Hao Z, An N, Han Y, Miao W, Storey KB, Lefai E, Liu X, Wang J, Liu S, Xie M, Chang H. Integrated transcriptomics and metabolomics reveal protective effects on heart of hibernating Daurian ground squirrels. J Cell Physiol 2023; 238:2724-2748. [PMID: 37733616 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.31123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 09/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023]
Abstract
Hibernating mammals are natural models of resistance to ischemia, hypoxia-reperfusion injury, and hypothermia. Daurian ground squirrels (spermophilus dauricus) can adapt to endure multiple torpor-arousal cycles without sustaining cardiac damage. However, the molecular regulatory mechanisms that underlie this adaptive response are not yet fully understood. This study investigates morphological, functional, genetic, and metabolic changes that occur in the heart of ground squirrels in three groups: summer active (SA), late torpor (LT), and interbout arousal (IBA). Morphological and functional changes in the heart were measured using hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining, Masson staining, echocardiography, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results showed significant changes in cardiac function in the LT group as compared with SA or IBA groups, but no irreversible damage occurred. To understand the molecular mechanisms underlying these phenotypic changes, transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses were conducted to assess differential changes in gene expression and metabolite levels in the three groups of ground squirrels, with a focus on GO and KEGG pathway analysis. Transcriptomic analysis showed that differentially expressed genes were involved in the remodeling of cytoskeletal proteins, reduction in protein synthesis, and downregulation of the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway during hibernation (including LT and IBA groups), as compared with the SA group. Metabolomic analysis revealed increased free amino acids, activation of the glutathione antioxidant system, altered cardiac fatty acid metabolic preferences, and enhanced pentose phosphate pathway activity during hibernation as compared with the SA group. Combining the transcriptomic and metabolomic data, active mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation and creatine-phosphocreatine energy shuttle systems were observed, as well as inhibition of ferroptosis signaling pathways during hibernation as compared with the SA group. In conclusion, these results provide new insights into cardio-protection in hibernators from the perspective of gene and metabolite changes and deepen our understanding of adaptive cardio-protection mechanisms in mammalian hibernators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingyu Yang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Animal Conservation, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Ziwei Hao
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Animal Conservation, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Ning An
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Animal Conservation, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yuting Han
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Animal Conservation, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Weilan Miao
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Animal Conservation, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Kenneth B Storey
- Department of Biology, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Etienne Lefai
- INRAE, Unité de Nutrition Humaine, Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Xiaoxuan Liu
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Animal Conservation, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Junshu Wang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Animal Conservation, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Shuo Liu
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Animal Conservation, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Manjiang Xie
- Department of Aerospace Physiology, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Hui Chang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Animal Conservation, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
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Chen Z, Hu Y, Hu FB, Manson JE, Rimm EB, Doria A, Sun Q. Dietary Glutamine and Glutamate in Relation to Cardiovascular Disease Incidence and Mortality in the United States Men and Women with Diabetes Mellitus. J Nutr 2023; 153:3247-3258. [PMID: 37660951 PMCID: PMC10687617 DOI: 10.1016/j.tjnut.2023.08.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evidence regarding the potential health effects of dietary amino acids glutamine and glutamate among individuals with type 2 diabetes (T2D) is limited. OBJECTIVES The aim was to examine dietary glutamine and glutamate in relation to subsequent risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and mortality among individuals with T2D. METHODS We prospectively followed 15,040 men and women with T2D at baseline or diagnosed during follow-up (Nurses' Health Study: 1980-2014 and Health Professionals Follow-Up Study: 1986-2018). Diet was repeatedly assessed using validated food frequency questionnaires every 2-4 y. Associations of energy-adjusted glutamine and glutamate intake, as well as their ratio, with CVD risk and mortality, were assessed using Cox proportional-hazards models with adjustments for demographics, dietary and lifestyle factors, and medical history. RESULTS During 196,955 and 225,371 person-years of follow-up in participants with T2D, there were 2927 incident CVD cases and 4898 deaths, respectively. Higher intake of glutamine was associated with lower risk of CVD incidence, CVD mortality, and total mortality: comparing extreme quintiles, the hazard ratios (HRs) (95% confidence intervals [CIs]) were 0.88 (0.77, 0.99), 0.78 (0.65, 0.92), and 0.84 (0.76, 0.92), respectively (all P-trend < 0.05). In contrast, higher intake of glutamate was associated with a higher risk of CVD incidence, CVD mortality, and total mortality; the HRs were 1.30 (1.15, 1.46), 1.46 (1.24, 1.72), and 1.20 (1.09, 1.32), respectively (all P-trend < 0.05). Furthermore, comparing extreme quintiles, a higher dietary glutamine-to-glutamate ratio was associated with a lower risk of CVD incidence (0.84 [0.75, 0.95]), CVD mortality (0.66 [0.57, 0.77]), and total mortality (0.82 [0.75, 0.90]). In addition, compared with participants with stable or decreased consumption of glutamine-to-glutamate ratio from prediabetes to postdiabetes diagnosis, those who increased the ratio had a 17% (5%, 27%) lower CVD mortality. CONCLUSIONS In adults with T2D, dietary glutamine was associated with a lower risk of CVD incidence and mortality, whereas the opposite was observed for glutamate intake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhangling Chen
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States; Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Yang Hu
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Frank B Hu
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States; Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States; Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - JoAnn E Manson
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States; Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Eric B Rimm
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States; Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States; Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Alessandro Doria
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States; Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States; Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Qi Sun
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States; Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States; Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States; Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, MA, United States.
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20
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Zhang ZH, Yang CT, Su XR, Li YP, Zhang XJ, Wang SJ, Cong B. CCK1R2R -/- ameliorates myocardial damage caused by unpredictable stress via altering fatty acid metabolism. Stress 2023; 26:2254566. [PMID: 37665601 DOI: 10.1080/10253890.2023.2254566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/27/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The heart is the main organ of the circulatory system and requires fatty acids to maintain its activity. Stress is a contributor to aggravating cardiovascular diseases and even death, and exacerbates the abnormal lipid metabolism. The cardiac metabolism may be disturbed by stress. Cholecystokinin (CCK), which is a classical peptide hormone, and its receptor (CCKR) are expressed in myocardial cells and affect cardiovascular function. Nevertheless, under stress, the exact role of CCKR on cardiac function and cardiac metabolism is unknown and the mechanism is worth exploring. After unpredictable stress, a common stress-inducing model that induces the development of mood disorders such as anxiety and reduces motivated behavior, we found that the abnormal contraction and diastole of the heart, myocardial injury, oxidative stress and inflammation of mice were aggravated. Cholecystokinin A receptor and cholecystokinin B receptor knockout (CCK1R2R-/-) significantly reversed these changes. Mechanistically, fatty acid metabolism was found to be altered in CCK1R2R-/- mice. Differential metabolites, especially L-tryptophan, L-aspartic acid, cholesterol, taurocholic acid, ADP, oxoglutaric acid, arachidonic acid and 17-Hydroxyprogesterone, influenced cardiac function after CCK1R2R knockout and unpredictable stress. We conclude that CCK1R2R-/- ameliorated myocardial damage caused by unpredictable stress via altering fatty acid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Hua Zhang
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine, Collaborative Innovation Center of Forensic Medical Molecular Identification, College of Forensic Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Hebei, P.R. China
- Hebei Chest Hospital, Hebei Provincial Key Laboratory of Lung Disease, Hebei, P.R. China
| | - Chen-Teng Yang
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine, Collaborative Innovation Center of Forensic Medical Molecular Identification, College of Forensic Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Hebei, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Rui Su
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine, Collaborative Innovation Center of Forensic Medical Molecular Identification, College of Forensic Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Hebei, P.R. China
| | - Ya-Ping Li
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine, Collaborative Innovation Center of Forensic Medical Molecular Identification, College of Forensic Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Hebei, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Jing Zhang
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine, Collaborative Innovation Center of Forensic Medical Molecular Identification, College of Forensic Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Hebei, P.R. China
| | - Song-Jun Wang
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine, Collaborative Innovation Center of Forensic Medical Molecular Identification, College of Forensic Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Hebei, P.R. China
| | - Bin Cong
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine, Collaborative Innovation Center of Forensic Medical Molecular Identification, College of Forensic Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Hebei, P.R. China
- Hainan Tropical Forensic Medicine Academician Workstation, Haikou, Hainan, P.R. China
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21
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Shimada A, Ueno H, Kawabata K, Inagaki M. GABase and glutaminase inhibitory activities of herbal extracts and acylated flavonol monoglycosides isolated from the leaves of Laurus nobilis L. Z NATURFORSCH C 2023; 78:377-381. [PMID: 37535009 DOI: 10.1515/znc-2023-0047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Abstract
This study was to compare GABase [a mixture of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) aminotransferase and succinic semialdehyde dehydrogenase] and glutaminase inhibitory activities of 20 herbal extracts and investigate the isolation, structural elucidation and those inhibitory activities of three acylated flavonol monoglycosides from the selected extract of Laurus nobilis L. (laurel). On the basis of the NMR spectroscopic data and the ESI MS spectra together with the comparison with the literature values, three compounds were identified as kaempferol-3-O-(4″-E-p-coumaroyl)-α-l-rhamnopyranoside (1), kaempferol-3-O-(3″,4″-di-E-p-coumaroyl)-α-l-rhamnopyranoside (2) and kaempferol-3-O-(2″,4″-di-E-p-coumaroyl)-α-l-rhamnopyranoside (3), respectively. The IC50 values of GABase inhibitory activity of 1-3 and p-hydroxybenzaldehyde (HBA) as control were 0.24 mM, 0.14 mM, 0.12 mM and 0.43 mM, respectively. Additionally, the IC50 values of glutaminase inhibitory activity of 1-3 and 6-diazo-5-oxo-l-norleucine (DON) as control were 0.34 mM, 0.13 mM, 0.14 mM and 0.33 mM, respectively. The results suggest that the extract from laurel shows the strongest biological activities among 20 herbal extracts and three acylated flavonol monoglycosides may serve as potential lead compounds for the prevention and treatment of neurodegenerative and lifestyle-related diseases by targeting GABase and glutaminase. This is the first report on GABase and glutaminase inhibitory activities of 1-3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsumi Shimada
- Division of Food and Nutrition, Nakamura Gakuen University Junior College, Fukuoka, 814-0198, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Ueno
- Department of Medical Technology, Kawasaki University of Medical Welfare, Okayama, 701-0193, Japan
| | - Kohei Kawabata
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Yasuda Women's University, Hiroshima, 731-0153, Japan
| | - Masanori Inagaki
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Yasuda Women's University, Hiroshima, 731-0153, Japan
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22
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Yazdani A, Mendez-Giraldez R, Yazdani A, Schaid D, Won Kong S, Hadi M, Samiei A, Wittenbecher C, Lasky-Su J, Clish C, Marotta F, Kosorok M, Mora S, Muehlschlegel J, Chasman D, Larson M, Elsea S. Broadcasters, receivers, functional groups of metabolites and the link to heart failure progression using polygenic factors. RESEARCH SQUARE 2023:rs.3.rs-3246406. [PMID: 37645766 PMCID: PMC10462252 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-3246406/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
In a prospective study with records of heart failure (HF) incidence, we present metabolite profiling data from individuals without HF at baseline. We uncovered the interconnectivity of metabolites using data-driven and causal networks augmented with polygenic factors. Exploring the networks, we identified metabolite broadcasters, receivers, mediators, and subnetworks corresponding to functional classes of metabolites, and provided insights into the link between metabolomic architecture and regulation in health. We incorporated the network structure into the identification of metabolites associated with HF to control the effect of confounding metabolites. We identified metabolites associated with higher or lower risk of HF incidence, the associations that were not confounded by the other metabolites, such as glycine, ureidopropionic and glycocholic acids, and LPC 18:2. We revealed the underlying relationships of the findings. For example, asparagine directly influenced glycine, and both were inversely associated with HF. These two metabolites were influenced by polygenic factors and only essential amino acids which are not synthesized in the human body and come directly from the diet. Metabolites may play a critical role in linking genetic background and lifestyle factors to HF progression. Revealing the underlying connectivity of metabolites associated with HF strengthens the findings and facilitates a mechanistic understanding of HF progression.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Akram Yazdani
- Division of Clinical and Translational Sciences, Department of Internal Medicine, at The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, McGovern Medical School
| | - Daniel Schaid
- Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55902
| | | | - Mohamad Hadi
- School of Mathematics, University of science and technology of Iran, Tehran
| | - Ahmad Samiei
- Computational Health Informatics Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Samia Mora
- Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School
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23
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Cheng Y, Azad MAK, Ding S, Liu Y, Blachier F, Ye T, Kong X. Metabolomics Analysis Reveals the Potential Relationship Between Sow Colostrum and Neonatal Serum Metabolites in Different Pig Breeds. Mol Nutr Food Res 2023; 67:e2200677. [PMID: 37436085 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202200677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023]
Abstract
SCOPE Colostrum composition is an important indicator of newborn piglet survival and growth. However, limited information is available on the association between colostrum metabolites in sows and serum metabolites in neonates. Therefore, the present study aims to determine the metabolites in the colostrum of sows, in the serum of their offspring piglets, and mother-offspring metabolite correlations in different pig breeds. METHODS AND RESULTS Colostrum and serum samples are collected from 30 sows and their piglets from three pig breeds (Taoyuan black, TB; Xiangcun black, XB; and Duroc) to analyze the targeted metabolomics. This study identifies 191 metabolites in the colostrum of sows, including fatty acids, amino acids, bile acids, carnitines, carbohydrates, and organic acids, and the concentrations of these metabolites are highest in the TB pigs. Metabolite profiles in sow colostrum and piglet serum differ among Duroc, TB, and XB pigs, and the matching metabolites are mainly enriched in the digestive system and transportation pathways. Furthermore, identification of the associations between metabolites in the colostrum of sows and their neonate sera suggests that metabolite compounds from colostrum are transported to suckling piglets. CONCLUSION The present study findings deepen the understanding of the composition of sow colostrum metabolites and the transportation of metabolites from sow colostrum to piglets. The findings also provide insight regarding the development of dietary formulas that resemble the sow colostrum for newborn animals to maintain health and improve the early growth of offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yating Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, China
- College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Md Abul Kalam Azad
- Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, China
- College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Sujuan Ding
- Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, China
| | - Yating Liu
- Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, China
| | | | - Ting Ye
- Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, China
- College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiangfeng Kong
- Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, China
- College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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Li Y, Guan Z, Hu S, Huang Z, He D, Cheng X, Song T, Mo C, Xiao M, Huang Y, Wei Y, Zhou Y, Zhang X, Liao M. Glutamine ameliorates Bungarus multicinctus venom-induced lung and heart injury through HSP70: NF-κB p65 and P53/PUMA signaling pathways involved. J Venom Anim Toxins Incl Trop Dis 2023; 29:e20220080. [PMID: 37441002 PMCID: PMC10334810 DOI: 10.1590/1678-9199-jvatitd-2022-0080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Bungarus multicinctus is one of the most dangerous venomous snakes prone to cardiopulmonary damage with extremely high mortality. In our previous work, we found that glutamine (Gln) and glutamine synthetase (GS) in pig serum were significantly reduced after Bungarus multicinctus bite. In the present study, to explore whether there is a link between the pathogenesis of cardiopulmonary injury and Gln metabolic changes induced by Bungarus multicinctus venom. We investigated the effect of Gln supplementation on the lung and heart function after snakebite. Methods We supplemented different concentrations of Gln to mice that were envenomated by Bungarus multicinctus to observe the biological behavior, survival rate, hematological and pathological changes. Gln was supplemented immediately or one hour after the venom injection, and then changes in Gln metabolism were analyzed. Subsequently, to further explore the protective mechanism of glutamine on tissue damage, we measured the expression of heat-shock protein70 (HSP70), NF-κB P65, P53/PUMA by western blotting and real-time polymerase in the lung and heart. Results Gln supplementation delayed the envenoming symptoms, reduced mortality, and alleviated the histopathological changes in the heart and lung of mice bitten by Bungarus multicinctus. Additionally, Gln increased the activity of glutamine synthetase (GS), glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH) and glutaminase (GLS) in serum. It also balanced the transporter SLC7A11 expression in heart and lung tissues. Bungarus multicinctus venom induced the NF-κB nuclear translocation in the lung, while the HO-1 expression was suppressed. At the same time, venom activated the P53/PUMA signaling pathway and the BAX expression in the heart. Gln treatment reversed the above phenomenon and increased HSP70 expression. Conclusion Gln alleviated the glutamine metabolism disorder and cardiopulmonary damage caused by Bungarus multicinctus venom. It may protect lungs and heart against venom by promoting the expression of HSP70, inhibiting the activation of NF-κB and P53/PUMA, thereby delaying the process of snake venom and reducing mortality. The present results indicate that Gln could be a potential treatment for Bungarus multicinctus bite.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yalan Li
- Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, PR China
| | - Zhezhe Guan
- Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, PR China
| | - Shaocong Hu
- Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, PR China
| | - Zhi Huang
- Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, PR China
| | - Dongling He
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi University of Chinese
Medicine, Nanning, PR China
| | | | - Tianlin Song
- Tongji University Cancer Center, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital,
Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Caifeng Mo
- Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, PR China
| | - Manqi Xiao
- Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, PR China
| | - Yue Huang
- Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, PR China
| | - Yuanmei Wei
- Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, PR China
| | - Yi Zhou
- Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, PR China
| | | | - Ming Liao
- Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, PR China
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25
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Qin H, Zhuang W, Liu X, Wu J, Li S, Wang Y, Liu X, Chen C, Zhang H. Targeting CXCR1 alleviates hyperoxia-induced lung injury through promoting glutamine metabolism. Cell Rep 2023; 42:112745. [PMID: 37405911 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2022] [Revised: 04/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Although increasing evidence suggests potential iatrogenic injury from supplemental oxygen therapy, significant exposure to hyperoxia in critically ill patients is inevitable. This study shows that hyperoxia causes lung injury in a time- and dose-dependent manner. In addition, prolonged inspiration of oxygen at concentrations higher than 80% is found to cause redox imbalance and impair alveolar microvascular structure. Knockout of C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 1 (Cxcr1) inhibits the release of reactive oxygen species (ROS) from neutrophils and synergistically enhances the ability of endothelial cells to eliminate ROS. We also combine transcriptome, proteome, and metabolome analysis and find that CXCR1 knockdown promotes glutamine metabolism and leads to reduced glutathione by upregulating the expression of malic enzyme 1. This preclinical evidence suggests that a conservative oxygen strategy should be recommended and indicates that targeting CXCR1 has the potential to restore redox homeostasis by reducing oxygen toxicity when inspiratory hyperoxia treatment is necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Qin
- Thoracic Surgery Laboratory, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221006, China; Department of Thoracic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, 99 West Huaihai Road, Xuzhou 221006, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wei Zhuang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Disease Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Xiucheng Liu
- Thoracic Surgery Laboratory, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221006, China; Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Junqi Wu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200433, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Lung Transplantation, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Shenghui Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Yang Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Xiangming Liu
- Thoracic Surgery Laboratory, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221006, China; Department of Thoracic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, 99 West Huaihai Road, Xuzhou 221006, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chang Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200433, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Lung Transplantation, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Thoracic Surgery Laboratory, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221006, China; Department of Thoracic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, 99 West Huaihai Road, Xuzhou 221006, Jiangsu, China.
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26
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Samir H, Mandour AS, Radwan F, Ahmed AE, Momenah MA, Aldawood NA, Yoshida T, Watanabe G, El-Sherbiny HR. Effect of Acute Melatonin Injection on Metabolomic and Testicular Artery Hemodynamic Changes and Circulating Hormones in Shiba Goats under Sub-Tropical Environmental Conditions. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:1794. [PMID: 37889744 PMCID: PMC10252098 DOI: 10.3390/ani13111794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The beneficial effects of melatonin were investigated to mitigate various detrimental effects and toxicity on reproductive performance. The present study aimed, for the first time, to explore the effect of intravenous melatonin injection on testicular artery hemodynamics (TH) and metabolomic changes, reproductive hormones in heat-stressed bucks. Ten bucks were randomly split into two groups (five each): (1) the melatonin group, treated with a single intravenous dose of melatonin solution containing 10 mg melatonin each, and (2) the control group, which was treated with 10 mL of the vehicle without melatonin. Changes in the TH at the level of the supra testicular artery (STA) were assessed by triplex ultrasonography just before (0 h) and at 0.5, 2, 7, 24, and 168 h after melatonin or vehicle administration. Doppler velocity parameters of peak systolic velocity (PSV; cm/s), end-diastolic velocity (EDV; cm/s), and time average maximum velocity (TAMAX; cm/s) were measured. Doppler indices (resistive index; RI and pulsatility index; PI), systole/diastole (S/D) ratio and total arterial blood flow volume (TABFV; ml/minute) were measured. Peripheral concentrations of FSH, LH, inhibin, melatonin, testosterone (T), estradiol (E2), and cortisol were measured just before injection (0 h) and at 0.5, 2, 7, and 24 h and daily up to day 7 post administration in both groups. Results revealed reductions in the RI values and increases in the TABFV in the melatonin group compared to the control one, especially 2 h after administration. Significant increases in concentrations of FSH, T, E2, and melatonin and decreases in cortisol and inhibin in the melatonin group compared to the control one. Plasma metabolomic analysis at 2 h indicated the up-regulation of L-glutamine, L-arginine, sorbitol, D-glucose, ascorbic acid, and ornithine and the down-regulation of D-xylose, D-arabitol, ribitol, and oleic acid in the melatonin versus the control group. In conclusion, acute administration of melatonin (10 mg IV) enhanced testicular artery blood flow and plasma reproductive hormones in the Shiba goat under heat-stress circumstances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haney Samir
- Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza 12211, Egypt
- Laboratory of Veterinary Physiology, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-Cho, Fuchu, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan; (F.R.); (G.W.)
| | - Ahmed S. Mandour
- Department of Animal Medicine (Internal Medicine), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt;
- Laboratory of Veterinary Surgery, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
| | - Faten Radwan
- Laboratory of Veterinary Physiology, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-Cho, Fuchu, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan; (F.R.); (G.W.)
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Moshtohor, Toukh, Elqaliobiya 13736, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Ezzat Ahmed
- Biology Department, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia;
- Theriogenology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, South Valley University, Qena 83523, Egypt
| | - Maha Abdullah Momenah
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia (N.A.A.)
| | - Nouf Arkan Aldawood
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia (N.A.A.)
| | - Tomihiko Yoshida
- Division of Veterinary Research, Department of Veterinary Surgery, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro 080-8555, Japan;
| | - Gen Watanabe
- Laboratory of Veterinary Physiology, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-Cho, Fuchu, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan; (F.R.); (G.W.)
| | - Hossam R. El-Sherbiny
- Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza 12211, Egypt
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Zhao R, Wang X, Zhou X, Jiang S, Zhang L, Yu Z. Metabolites and gene expression in the myocardium of fasting rats in an acute hypoxic environment. BMC Genomics 2023; 24:251. [PMID: 37165337 PMCID: PMC10173486 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-023-09309-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023] Open
Abstract
With the rising demand for entry to extremely high altitudes (HAs), rapid adaptability to extremely hypoxic environments is a challenge that we need to explore. Fasting was used to evaluate acute hypoxia tolerance at HA and was proven to be an effective method for improving the survival rate at extreme HA. Our experiments also showed that fasting pretreatment for 72 h significantly increased the 24 h survival rate of rats at 7620 m from 10 to 85% and protected the myocardium cells of rats. Here, we compared the metabolites and gene expression in the myocardium of SD rats pretreated with fasting and nonfasting at normal altitude and extreme HA. Our findings demonstrated that the dynamic contents of detected differential metabolites (DMs) between different rat groups were consistent with the expression of differentially expressed genes (DEGs), and DM clusters also showed strong correlations with DEG clusters. DM clusters related to amino acids and lipids were significantly lower in the fasting groups, and the correlated DEG clusters were enriched in mitotic pathways, including CDK1, CDC7, NUF2, and MCM6, suggesting that fasting can attenuate mitotic processes in cardiac tissues and reduce the synthesis of amino acids and lipids. L-Glutamine-related metabolites were particularly low at extreme HA without pretreatment but were normal in the fasting groups. The DEGs in the cluster related to L-glutamine-related metabolites were enriched for T-cell receptor V(D)J recombination, the Hippo signaling pathway, the Wnt signaling pathway, the cGMP-PKG signaling pathway, and the mTOR signaling pathway and were significantly downregulated, indicating that the content of L-glutamine decreased at extreme HA, while fasting increased it to adapt to the environment. Moreover, abundant fatty acids were detected when rats were exposed to extreme HA without pretreatment. Our study revealed the fasting and hypoxic environment-related factors in SD rats and provided new insights into the genetic and molecular characteristics in the myocardium, which is critical to developing more potential rapid adaptation methods to extreme HA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruzhou Zhao
- Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Academy of Military Medical Sciences (AMMS), Beijing, China
- Department of Aerospace Physiology, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiaobo Wang
- Department of Aerospace Physiology, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiang Zhou
- Department of Aerospace Physiology, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Shuai Jiang
- Department of Aerospace Physiology, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Lin Zhang
- Department of Aerospace Physiology, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Zhibin Yu
- Department of Aerospace Physiology, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China.
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Dasgupta S, Subramani E, Mitra I, Bhattacharya A, Sherpa DD, Joshi M, Chakraborty P, Ray CD, Chaudhury K. Discovery of novel metabolic signatures for early identification of women at risk of developing gestational hypertension. Metabolomics 2023; 19:50. [PMID: 37154845 DOI: 10.1007/s11306-023-02012-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Gestational hypertension (GH) is defined as the presence of systolic blood pressure (BP) ≥ 140 mm Hg and/or diastolic BP ≥ 90 mm Hg, measured at least 4 h apart after 20 weeks of gestation. Early identification of women at high-risk of developing GH could contribute significantly towards improved maternal and fetal outcomes. OBJECTIVES To determine early metabolic biomarkers in women with GH as compared with normotensive women. METHODS Serum samples were collected from subjects during three stages of their pregnancy: 8-12 weeks, 18-20 weeks and after 28 weeks (< 36 weeks) of gestation and studied using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) metabolomics approach. Multivariate and univariate analyses were performed to determine the significantly altered metabolites in GH women. RESULTS A total of 10 metabolites, including isoleucine, glutamine, lysine, proline, histidine, phenylalanine, alanine, carnitine, N-acetyl glycoprotein and lactic acid were observed to be significantly downregulated during all pregnancy stages in women with GH as compared with controls. Furthermore, expression of 5 metabolites in the first trimester i.e., phenylalanine [area under the curve (AUC) = 0.745], histidine [AUC = 0.729], proline [AUC = 0.722], lactic acid [AUC = 0.722], and carnitine [AUC = 0.714] exhibited highest potential in discriminating GH from normotensive women. CONCLUSION The present study is the first of its kind to identify significantly altered metabolites that have the potential to discriminate between women at risk of developing GH and normotensive women across three trimesters of pregnancy. This opens up the possibility of exploring these metabolites as potential early predictive markers of GH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjukta Dasgupta
- School of Medical Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, 721302, India
| | - Elavarasan Subramani
- Department of Cancer Systems Imaging, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, USA
| | - Imon Mitra
- School of Medical Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, 721302, India
| | - Anindita Bhattacharya
- School of Medical Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, 721302, India
| | - Da Doma Sherpa
- School of Medical Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, 721302, India
| | - Mamata Joshi
- National Facility for High-field NMR, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Mumbai, India
| | | | - Chaitali Datta Ray
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research (IPGMER) - SSKM Hospital, Kolkata, India
| | - Koel Chaudhury
- School of Medical Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, 721302, India.
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Li X, Wang HY, Gao F, Guo FF, Wang XN, Pan YX, Bai GQ. Tenofovir alters the immune microenvironment of pregnant women with hepatitis B virus infection: Evidence from single-cell RNA sequencing. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 119:110245. [PMID: 37163920 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.110245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 04/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mother-to-child is the main route of the transmission of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. Tenofovir fumarate (TDF) antiviral treatment has become the most extensive choice worldwide. However, the effects of TDF treatment on the immune function of pregnant women remains unclear. Here we investigate the effect of TDF treatment on the immune microenvironment of pregnant women with HBV infection using single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq). METHODS Three HBV-infected pregnant women were treated with TDF and six samples were collected before and after the treatment. In total, 68,200 peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were extracted for 10 × scRNA-seq. The cells were clustered using t-distributed stochastic neighbor embedding (t-SNE) and unbiased computational informatics analysis. RESULTS The analysis identified four-cell subtypes, including T cells, monocytes, natural killer (NK) cells, and B cells, and unraveled the developmental trajectory and maturation of CD4+ T and CD8+ T cell subtypes. The cellular state and molecular features of the effector/memory T cells revealed a significant increase in the inflammatory state of CD4+ T cells and the cytotoxic characteristics of CD8+ T cells. Additionally, after TDF treatment, the monocytes showed a tendency for M1 polarization, and the cytotoxicity of NK cells was enhanced. Furthermore, the analysis of intercellular communication revealed the interaction of various subtypes of cells and the heterogeneous expression of key signal pathways. CONCLUSIONS The findings of this study reveal significant differences in cellular subtypes and molecular characteristics of PBMCs of pregnant women with HBV infection before and after TDF treatment and demonstrate the recovery of immune response after treatment. These findings could help develop immune intervention measures to control HBV during pregnancy and the puerperium period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Li
- Gene Joint Laboratory, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China; Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Hong-Yan Wang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Fan Gao
- Clinical Research Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Fan-Fan Guo
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiao-Na Wang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yi-Xia Pan
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Gui-Qin Bai
- Gene Joint Laboratory, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China; Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.
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30
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Mouton AJ, do Carmo JM, da Silva AA, Omoto ACM, Hall JE. Targeting immunometabolism during cardiorenal injury: roles of conventional and alternative macrophage metabolic fuels. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1139296. [PMID: 37234412 PMCID: PMC10208225 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1139296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Macrophages play critical roles in mediating and resolving tissue injury as well as tissue remodeling during cardiorenal disease. Altered immunometabolism, particularly macrophage metabolism, is a critical underlying mechanism of immune dysfunction and inflammation, particularly in individuals with underlying metabolic abnormalities. In this review, we discuss the critical roles of macrophages in cardiac and renal injury and disease. We also highlight the roles of macrophage metabolism and discuss metabolic abnormalities, such as obesity and diabetes, which may impair normal macrophage metabolism and thus predispose individuals to cardiorenal inflammation and injury. As the roles of macrophage glucose and fatty acid metabolism have been extensively discussed elsewhere, we focus on the roles of alternative fuels, such as lactate and ketones, which play underappreciated roles during cardiac and renal injury and heavily influence macrophage phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan J. Mouton
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, United States
- Mississippi Center for Obesity Research, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, United States
| | - Jussara M. do Carmo
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, United States
- Mississippi Center for Obesity Research, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, United States
| | - Alexandre A. da Silva
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, United States
- Mississippi Center for Obesity Research, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, United States
| | - Ana C. M. Omoto
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, United States
- Mississippi Center for Obesity Research, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, United States
| | - John E. Hall
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, United States
- Mississippi Center for Obesity Research, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, United States
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Durante W. Glutamine Deficiency Promotes Immune and Endothelial Cell Dysfunction in COVID-19. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:7593. [PMID: 37108759 PMCID: PMC10144995 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24087593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has caused the death of almost 7 million people worldwide. While vaccinations and new antiviral drugs have greatly reduced the number of COVID-19 cases, there remains a need for additional therapeutic strategies to combat this deadly disease. Accumulating clinical data have discovered a deficiency of circulating glutamine in patients with COVID-19 that associates with disease severity. Glutamine is a semi-essential amino acid that is metabolized to a plethora of metabolites that serve as central modulators of immune and endothelial cell function. A majority of glutamine is metabolized to glutamate and ammonia by the mitochondrial enzyme glutaminase (GLS). Notably, GLS activity is upregulated in COVID-19, favoring the catabolism of glutamine. This disturbance in glutamine metabolism may provoke immune and endothelial cell dysfunction that contributes to the development of severe infection, inflammation, oxidative stress, vasospasm, and coagulopathy, which leads to vascular occlusion, multi-organ failure, and death. Strategies that restore the plasma concentration of glutamine, its metabolites, and/or its downstream effectors, in conjunction with antiviral drugs, represent a promising therapeutic approach that may restore immune and endothelial cell function and prevent the development of occlusive vascular disease in patients stricken with COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- William Durante
- Department of Medical Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65212, USA
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32
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du Toit WL, Kruger R, Gafane-Matemane LF, Schutte AE, Louw R, Mels CMC. Markers of arterial stiffness and urinary metabolomics in young adults with early cardiovascular risk: the African-PREDICT study. Metabolomics 2023; 19:28. [PMID: 36988718 PMCID: PMC10060307 DOI: 10.1007/s11306-023-01987-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Increased exposure to risk factors in the young and healthy contributes to arterial changes, which may be accompanied by an altered metabolism. OBJECTIVES To increase our understanding of early metabolic alterations and how they associate with markers of arterial stiffness, we profiled urinary metabolites in young adults with cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factor(s) and in a control group without CVD risk factors. METHODS We included healthy black and white women and men (N = 1202), aged 20-30 years with a detailed CVD risk factor profile, reflecting obesity, physical inactivity, smoking, excessive alcohol intake, masked hypertension, hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia and low socio-economic status, forming the CVD risk group (N = 1036) and the control group (N = 166). Markers of arterial stiffness, central systolic blood pressure (BP) and pulse wave velocity were measured. A targeted metabolomics approach was followed by measuring amino acids and acylcarnitines using a liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method. RESULTS In the CVD risk group, central systolic BP (adjusted for age, sex, ethnicity) was negatively associated with histidine, arginine, asparagine, serine, glutamine, dimethylglycine, threonine, GABA, proline, methionine, pyroglutamic acid, aspartic acid, glutamic acid, branched chain amino acids (BCAAs) and butyrylcarnitine (all P ≤ 0.048). In the same group, pulse wave velocity (adjusted for age, sex, ethnicity, mean arterial pressure) was negatively associated with histidine, lysine, threonine, 2-aminoadipic acid, BCAAs and aromatic amino acids (AAAs) (all P ≤ 0.044). In the control group, central systolic BP was negatively associated with pyroglutamic acid, glutamic acid and dodecanoylcarnitine (all P ≤ 0.033). CONCLUSION In a group with increased CVD risk, markers of arterial stiffness were negatively associated with metabolites related to AAA and BCAA as well as energy metabolism and oxidative stress. Our findings may suggest that metabolic adaptations may be at play in response to increased CVD risk to maintain cardiovascular integrity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wessel L du Toit
- Hypertension in Africa Research Team (HART), North-West University, Private Bag X6001, Potchefstroom, 2520, South Africa
| | - Ruan Kruger
- Hypertension in Africa Research Team (HART), North-West University, Private Bag X6001, Potchefstroom, 2520, South Africa
- MRC Research Unit for Hypertension and Cardiovascular Disease, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
| | - Lebo F Gafane-Matemane
- Hypertension in Africa Research Team (HART), North-West University, Private Bag X6001, Potchefstroom, 2520, South Africa
- MRC Research Unit for Hypertension and Cardiovascular Disease, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
| | - Aletta E Schutte
- Hypertension in Africa Research Team (HART), North-West University, Private Bag X6001, Potchefstroom, 2520, South Africa
- MRC Research Unit for Hypertension and Cardiovascular Disease, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
- School of Population Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
- The George Institute for Global Health, Sydney, Australia
| | - Roan Louw
- Human Metabolomics, North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, Potchefstroom, South Africa
| | - Catharina M C Mels
- Hypertension in Africa Research Team (HART), North-West University, Private Bag X6001, Potchefstroom, 2520, South Africa.
- MRC Research Unit for Hypertension and Cardiovascular Disease, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa.
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Glutathione system enhancement for cardiac protection: pharmacological options against oxidative stress and ferroptosis. Cell Death Dis 2023; 14:131. [PMID: 36792890 PMCID: PMC9932120 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-023-05645-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
The glutathione (GSH) system is considered to be one of the most powerful endogenous antioxidant systems in the cardiovascular system due to its key contribution to detoxifying xenobiotics and scavenging overreactive oxygen species (ROS). Numerous investigations have suggested that disruption of the GSH system is a critical element in the pathogenesis of myocardial injury. Meanwhile, a newly proposed type of cell death, ferroptosis, has been demonstrated to be closely related to the GSH system, which affects the process and outcome of myocardial injury. Moreover, in facing various pathological challenges, the mammalian heart, which possesses high levels of mitochondria and weak antioxidant capacity, is susceptible to oxidant production and oxidative damage. Therefore, targeted enhancement of the GSH system along with prevention of ferroptosis in the myocardium is a promising therapeutic strategy. In this review, we first systematically describe the physiological functions and anabolism of the GSH system, as well as its effects on cardiac injury. Then, we discuss the relationship between the GSH system and ferroptosis in myocardial injury. Moreover, a comprehensive summary of the activation strategies of the GSH system is presented, where we mainly identify several promising herbal monomers, which may provide valuable guidelines for the exploration of new therapeutic approaches.
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Hu J, Ling Z, Li W, Su Z, Lu J, Zeng Q, Cheng B, Tao X. Glutamine promotes the proliferation of epithelial cells via mTOR/S6 pathway in oral lichen planus. J Oral Pathol Med 2023; 52:150-160. [PMID: 36459062 DOI: 10.1111/jop.13391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although abnormal cell proliferation and apoptosis are associated with the pathogenesis of oral lichen planus (OLP), the exactly mechanism of which is not yet known. It has been reported that glutamine (Gln) can promote cell proliferation and inhibit apoptosis of various tumor cells. This study aims to evaluate the effect of Gln metabolism on the balance of proliferation and apoptosis in epithelial cells of OLP. METHODS Thirty human OLP specimens and 11 normal controls were stained by immunohistochemistry to detect the levels of proliferation and Gln metabolism related proteins. Then, the critical role of Gln in cell proliferation and apoptosis was determined by Gln deprivation or treatment with glutaminase inhibitor (CB-839) to intervene Gln metabolism in human gingival epithelial cells. Cell proliferation was detected using CCK8, p-mTOR and p-S6 proteins were detected using Western Blot, cell apoptosis and cell cycle were detected using flow cytometry, and cell stress was detected using immunofluorescence. RESULTS Compared with normal controls, OLP specimens showed higher levels of Ki-67 and Gln metabolism-related proteins, including Gln transporter (ASCT2), glutaminase (GLS), and pathway proteins (p-mTOR and p-S6). In vitro, Gln promoted cell proliferation and simultaneously upregulated the activity of mTOR/S6 pathway. Moreover, rapamycin, an mTOR pathway inhibitor, could effectively block the Gln-induced cell proliferation. MHY1485, an mTOR pathway agonist, could effectively reverse the decline of cell proliferation under Gln deprivation. In addition, inhibiting Gln metabolism caused the accumulation of intracellular radical oxygen species (ROS) and induced cell apoptosis. However, N-acetylcysteine reversed this state and then decreased cell apoptosis by eliminating intracellular ROS. CONCLUSION Gln metabolism is essential to maintain the balance of proliferation and apoptosis in oral epithelial cells, and inhibition of Gln metabolism may have a beneficial effect on OLP treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqi Hu
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zihang Ling
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei Li
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhangci Su
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jingyi Lu
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qi Zeng
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bin Cheng
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoan Tao
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, China
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Jiang C, Jiang W. Lasso algorithm and support vector machine strategy to screen pulmonary arterial hypertension gene diagnostic markers. Scott Med J 2023; 68:21-31. [PMID: 36253715 DOI: 10.1177/00369330221132158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study employs machine learning strategy algorithms to screen the optimal gene signature of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) under big data in the medical field. METHODS The public database Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) was used to analyze datasets of 32 normal controls and 37 PAH disease samples. The enrichment analysis was performed after selecting the differentially expressed genes. Two machine learning methods, the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) and support vector machine (SVM), were used to identify the candidate genes. The external validation data set further tests the expression level and diagnostic value of candidate diagnostic genes. The diagnostic effectiveness was evaluated by obtaining the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC). The convolution tool CIBERSORT was used to estimate the composition pattern of the immune cell subtypes and to perform correlation analysis based on the combined training dataset. RESULTS A total of 564 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were screened in normal control and pulmonary hypertension samples. The enrichment analysis results were found to be closely related to cardiovascular diseases, inflammatory diseases, and immune-related pathways. The LASSO and SVM algorithms in machine learning used 5 × cross-validation to identify 9 and 7 characteristic genes. The two machine learning algorithms shared Caldesmon 1 (CALD1) and Solute Carrier Family 7 Member 11 (SLC7A11) as genetic signals highly correlated with PAH. The results showed that the area under ROC (AUC) of the specific characteristic diagnostic genes were CALD1 (AUC = 0.924) and SLC7A11 (AUC = 0.962), indicating that the two diagnostic genes have high diagnostic value. CONCLUSION CALD1 and SLC7A11 can be used as diagnostic markers of PAH to obtain new insights for the further study of the immune mechanism involved in PAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenyang Jiang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China.,The First Clinical Medical College of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Weidong Jiang
- Department of Cardiology, Nantong Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nantong, China
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Zhang F, Xie Y, Yang X, Peng W, Qi H, Li B, Wen F, Li P, Sun Y, Zhang L. Association of Serum Metabolites and Salt Sensitivity of Blood Pressure in Chinese Population: The EpiSS Study. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15030690. [PMID: 36771399 PMCID: PMC9921558 DOI: 10.3390/nu15030690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To identify novel metabolites associated with salt sensitivity of blood pressure (SSBP) in Chinese Han population. METHODS A case-control study was conducted with 25 salt sensitive (SS) and 26 salt resistant (SR) participants, which was selected from the Systems Epidemiology Study on Salt Sensitivity of Blood Pressure (EpiSS) study. The modified Sullivan's acute oral saline load and diuresis shrinkage test (MSAOSL-DST) was conducted to identify SS. Untargeted, ultra-high performance liquid chromatograph-high resolution mass spectrometer (UPLC-HRMS) was conducted and orthogonal partial least squares-discriminate analysis (OPLS-DA) and multivariable logistic regression model were used to screen the metabolites related to SS, mixed linear regressions models were used to examined the association of SSBP with metabolites during saline load period and diuresis shrinkage period. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was performed. The area under the curve's (AUC) sensitivity and specificity were calculated to identified metabolites biomarkers for SS. RESULTS There were 39 differentially expressed metabolites (DE-metabolites) between SS and SR. Thirty-five and four of DE-metabolites were inversely or positively associated with SS, respectively. Four biochemical pathways demonstrated significant enrichment for identified metabolites. In single-metabolite analyses, L-Glutamine displayed the best diagnostic performance (AUC = 0.88, 95% CI: 0.78-0.97). In multi-metabolites analyses, L-Glutamine + Cholesterol ester 22:5n6 combination showed the best diagnostic performance (AUC = 0.96, 95% CI: 0.91-1.00). Adjusted for traditional risk factors, L-Glutamine and Cholesterol ester 22:5n6 explained an additional 38.3% of SS susceptibility. CONCLUSIONS This study provide potential evidence for clarifying the mechanism of SS and provide novel biological insights into salt sensitive hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Ling Zhang
- Correspondence: ; Tel./Fax: +86-010-83911777
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37
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Hetman M, Mielko K, Placzkowska S, Bodetko A, Młynarz P, Barg E. Predisposition to atherosclerosis in children and adults with trisomy 21: biochemical and metabolomic studies. Pediatr Endocrinol Diabetes Metab 2023; 29:143-155. [PMID: 38031830 PMCID: PMC10679913 DOI: 10.5114/pedm.2023.131162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Atherosclerosis, a precursor to cardiovascular disease (CVD), is deeply intertwined with lipid metabolism. The metabolic process in the Down syndrome (DS) population remain less explored. Aim of the study: This study examines the lipid profiles of DS in comparison to their siblings (CG), aiming to uncover potential atherosclerotic and CVD risks. MATERIAL AND METHODS The study included 42 people with DS (mean age 14.17 years) and the CG - 20 individuals (mean age 15.92 years). Anthropometric measurements: BMI, BMI SDS, and TMI were calculated. Lipid profile (LP) and metabolomics were determined. RESULTS LP: DS display significantly reduced HDL (DS vs. CG: 47±10 vs. 59 ±12 mg/dl; p = 0.0001) and elevated LDL (104 ±25 vs. 90 ±22 mg/dl; p = 0.0331). Triglycerides, APO A1, and APO B/APO A1 ratio corroborate with the elevated risk of CVD in DS. Despite no marked differences in: TCH and APO B, the DS group demonstrated a concerning BMI trend. Of 31 identified metabolites, 12 showed statistical significance (acetate, choline, creatinine, formate, glutamine, histidine, lysine, proline, pyroglutamate, threonine, tyrosine, and xanthine). However, only 8 metabolites passed the FDR validation (acetate, creatinine, formate, glutamine, lysine, proline, pyroglutamate, xanthine). CONCLUSIONS Down syndrome individuals show distinct cardiovascular risks, with decreased HDL and increased LDL levels. Combined with metabolomic disparities and higher BMI and TMI, this suggests an increased atherosclerosis risk compared to controls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Hetman
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Wroclaw Medical University, Poland
| | - Karolina Mielko
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Poland
| | - Sylwia Placzkowska
- Teaching and Research Diagnostic Laboratory, Department of Laboratory Diagnostics, Wroclaw Medical University, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Bodetko
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Wroclaw Medical University, Poland
| | - Piotr Młynarz
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Poland
| | - Ewa Barg
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Wroclaw Medical University, Poland
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Wei JX, Jiang HL, Chen XH. Endothelial cell metabolism in sepsis. World J Emerg Med 2023; 14:10-16. [PMID: 36713343 PMCID: PMC9842459 DOI: 10.5847/wjem.j.1920-8642.2023.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Endothelial dysfunction in sepsis is a pathophysiological feature of septic organ failure. Endothelial cells (ECs) exhibit specific metabolic traits and release metabolites to adapt to the septic state in the blood to maintain vascular homeostasis. METHODS Web of Science and PubMed were searched from inception to October 1, 2022. The search was limited to the English language only. Two reviewers independently identified studies related to EC metabolism in sepsis. The exclusion criteria were duplicate articles according to multiple search criteria. RESULTS Sixty articles were included, and most of them were cell and animal studies. These studies reported the role of glycolysis, oxidative phosphorylation, fatty acid metabolism, and amino acid metabolism in EC homeostasis. including glycolysis, oxidative phosphorylation, fatty acid metabolism and amino acid metabolism. However, dysregulation of EC metabolism can contribute to sepsis progression. CONCLUSION There are few clinical studies on EC metabolism in sepsis. Related research mainly focuses on basic research, but some scientific problems have also been clarified. Therefore, this review may provide an overall comprehension and novel aspects of EC metabolism in sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jue-xian Wei
- Emergency Department, the Second Affi liated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510260, China
| | - Hui-lin Jiang
- Emergency Department, the Second Affi liated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510260, China
| | - Xiao-hui Chen
- Emergency Department, the Second Affi liated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510260, China,Corresponding Author: Xiao-hui Chen,
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Yang M, Zhang X, Zhao S, Shao R, Fan K, Hu K, Zhang L, Yang Y. Protective effects of glutamine on lipopolysaccharide/D-galactosamine-induced fulminant hepatitis in mice. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2023; 248:70-78. [PMID: 36259626 PMCID: PMC9989145 DOI: 10.1177/15353702221126562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Fulminant hepatitis remains a critical health problem owing to its high mortality rate and the lack of effective therapies. An increasing number of studies have shown that glutamine supplementation provides protective benefits in inflammation-related disorders, but the pharmacological significance of glutamine in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)/D-galactosamine (D-Gal)-induced fulminant hepatitis remains unclear. In the present study, the potential effects of glutamine on LPS/D-Gal-induced fulminant hepatitis were investigated. Pretreatment with glutamine decreased plasma activities of alanine and aspartate aminotransferases, and ameliorated hepatic morphological abnormalities in LPS/D-Gal-exposed mice. Glutamine pretreatment also inhibited LPS/D-Gal-induced tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) production. In addition, glutamine pretreatment decreased the level of cleaved cysteinyl aspartate-specific proteinase 3 (caspase-3), suppressed the activities of caspase-3, caspase-8, and caspase-9, and reduced the number of cells positive for TdT-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling in LPS/D-Gal-challenged mice. Interestingly, post-treatment with glutamine also provided protective benefits against LPS/D-Gal-induced acute liver injury, although these effects were less robust than those of glutamine pre-treatment. Thus, glutamine may have potential value as a pharmacological intervention in fulminant hepatitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengxin Yang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Basic Medical College, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.,Laboratory of Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Xinyue Zhang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Basic Medical College, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.,Laboratory of Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Shuang Zhao
- Department of Pathophysiology, Basic Medical College, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Ruyue Shao
- Clinical Medical School, Chongqing Medical and Pharmaceutical College, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Kerui Fan
- Department of Pathophysiology, Basic Medical College, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Kai Hu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Basic Medical College, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Basic Medical College, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.,Laboratory of Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Yongqiang Yang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Basic Medical College, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.,Laboratory of Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
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40
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Wu D, Su S, Zha X, Wei Y, Yang G, Huang Q, Yang Y, Xia L, Fan S, Peng X. Glutamine promotes O-GlcNAcylation of G6PD and inhibits AGR2 S-glutathionylation to maintain the intestinal mucus barrier in burned septic mice. Redox Biol 2022; 59:102581. [PMID: 36565645 PMCID: PMC9800542 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2022.102581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Mucus forms the first line of defence of the intestinal mucosa barrier, and mucin is its core component. Glutamine is a vital energy substance for goblet cells; it can promote mucus synthesis and alleviate damage to the intestinal mucus barrier after burn injury, but its mechanism is not fully understood. This study focused on the molecular mechanisms underlying the effects of glutamine on the synthesis and modification of mucin 2 (MUC2) by using animal and cellular models of burn sepsis. We found that anterior gradient-2 (AGR2) plays a key role in the posttranslational modification of MUC2. Oxidative stress induced by burn sepsis enhanced the S-glutathionylation of AGR2, interfered with the processing and modification of MUC2 precursors by AGR2 and blocked the synthesis of mature MUC2. Further studies revealed that NADPH, catalysed by glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD), is a key molecule in inhibiting oxidative stress and regulating AGR2 activity. Glutamine promotes O-linked N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) modification of G6PD via the hexosamine pathway, which facilitates G6PD homodimer formation and increases NADPH synthesis, thereby inhibiting AGR2 S-glutathionylation and promoting MUC2 maturation, ultimately reducing damage to the intestinal mucus barrier after burn sepsis. Overall, we have demonstrated that the central mechanisms of glutamine in promoting MUC2 maturation and maintaining the intestinal mucus barrier are the enhancement of G6PD glycosylation and inhibition of AGR2 S-glutathionylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Wu
- Clinical Medical Research Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China.
| | - Sen Su
- Clinical Medical Research Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China.
| | - Xule Zha
- Clinical Medical Research Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China.
| | - Yan Wei
- Clinical Medical Research Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China.
| | - Gang Yang
- Clinical Medical Research Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China.
| | - Qianying Huang
- Clinical Medical Research Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China.
| | - Yongjun Yang
- Clinical Medical Research Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China.
| | - Lin Xia
- Clinical Medical Research Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China.
| | - Shijun Fan
- Clinical Medical Research Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China.
| | - Xi Peng
- Clinical Medical Research Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China; Institute of Burn Research, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China; Shriners Burns Hospital, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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Wild Watermelon-Extracted Juice Ingestion Reduces Peripheral Arterial Stiffness with an Increase in Nitric Oxide Production: A Randomized Crossover Pilot Study. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14245199. [PMID: 36558358 PMCID: PMC9780996 DOI: 10.3390/nu14245199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Wild watermelon contains various nutrients, but the effect of its acute ingestion on arterial stiffness is unclear. This study aimed to investigate whether a single bout of acute ingestion of wild watermelon-extracted juice decreased arterial stiffness concomitant with an increase in nitric oxide (NO) production. Twelve healthy young female participants were tested under two conditions in a randomized, double-blind crossover study: (1) a beverage containing 90 g of wild watermelon extract and (2) a control beverage: a placebo. Pulse wave velocity (PWV), an index of arterial stiffness, blood flow, and plasma nitrate/nitrite (NOx) levels were measured in the supine position at 30, 60, and 90 min after the intake of each beverage. The changes in femoral-ankle PWV were significantly reduced after wild watermelon-extracted juice intake compared to those in the placebo group. Additionally, the changes in blood flow in the posterior tibial artery and plasma NOx levels after intake of wild watermelon-extracted juice were significantly increased compared to those in the placebo group. These data show that acute ingestion of wild watermelon-extracted juice reduces peripheral (lower limb) arterial stiffness and increases NO bioavailability. To confirm these associations, more detailed investigations of the nutrients that influence these effects should be conducted.
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Katmawanti S, Yunus M, Kurniawan AW, Sulistyorini A, Fauzi R, Supriyadi S, Caressa DA, Samah DA, Wahyuni OS, Azizah AG. Effect of glutamine, glucose unhidrate and <em>Moringa oleifera</em> on blood lymphocytes in white mice (<em>Rattus Novergicus</em>) Wistar strain, following induction of a protein energy-deficient diet. J Public Health Afr 2022. [PMID: 37497140 PMCID: PMC10367041 DOI: 10.4081/jphia.2022.2418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this research was studied the influence of giving Glutamine, Glucose Unhydrate and Moringa oleifera the blood lymphocyte of white rat (Rattus novergicus) Strain Wistar that was induced with protein energy malnutrtion (PEM). This was an experimental study with Completely Random Design, sample was white rats in PEM induced with parched rice for 15 days and those with normal diet with total 30 sample. The concluded is that there was a significant difference in the blood lymphocytes of white rats (Rattus novergicus) Strain Wistar gived glumorry with sig. (0.000) and glutamin + glucose unhydrate with sig. (0.001), while in the group gived Moringa oleifera there was no significant difference with sig. (0.076). Glumorry intervention has the highest level of significance by 19,2382 × 103/mm3 compared to all treatment groups. This suggests that the glumorry (Glucose Unhydrate, Glutamine, and Moringa oleifera) intervention successfully increased the lymphocyte count higher in the study sample with PEM condition compared to the group that was only given Glucose Unhidrat + Glutamine and the group that was only given Moringa Oleifera.
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Chen Y, Shi S, Dai Y. Research progress of therapeutic drugs for doxorubicin-induced cardiomyopathy. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 156:113903. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Revised: 10/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/06/2022] Open
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Acute heat stress-indued apoptosis in mouse skeletal muscle is not associated with alteration of glutamine homeostasis. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0278176. [PMID: 36441734 PMCID: PMC9704566 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0278176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
We previously demonstrated that exposing mice to heat causes functional and ultrastructural mitochondrial alterations and apoptosis in skeletal muscle. Emerging evidence indicates that glutamine (Gln) deprivation may increase cell susceptibility to apoptosis whereas Gln supplementation may protect cells against heat stress. In this study, we investigated the effect of short-term Gln treatment on heat-induced changes in mouse skeletal muscle. Male mice received vehicle, low-dose Gln (100 mg/kg/d) or high-dose Gln (300 mg/kg/d) through daily gavage for 10 days before a heat exposure test. During heat exposure, mice displayed a hyperthermic response and no significant differences in peak core body temperature were noted across the three groups. Neither heat exposure nor pretreatment with low-dose or high-dose Gln significantly affected Gln concentrations in plasma and gastrocnemius muscles. Heat-exposed mice had significantly higher caspase 3/7 levels in gastrocnemius muscle compared to unexposed controls. Heat exposure significantly increased ROS production and mitochondrial fragmentation and decreased mitochondrial membrane potential in flexor digitorum brevis muscle. These changes were not affected by low- or high-dose Gln pretreatment. Together, acute heat stress did not disrupt Gln homeostasis in mouse skeletal muscle and Gln supplementation did not protect mouse skeletal muscle against heat-induced injury. The results of this study do not support a role of Gln in heat-induced skeletal muscle apoptosis.
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Yang L, Xu L, Li J, Wang H, Sun J, Yu Z, Zhao X, Zhao M, Xi B. The association of dietary glutamine supplementation with the development of high salt-induced hypertension in rats. Front Nutr 2022; 9:1011739. [DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.1011739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Glutamine supplementation has been reported to affect blood pressure (BP). However, its role in the progression of hypertension induced by high salt diet (HSD) has not been elucidated. Male normotensive Wistar rats were exposed to high salt diet and treated with different doses of glutamine supplementation. Rats aged 6 weeks were assigned to five groups: (1) Normal-salt diet (0.3% NaCl, NSD); (2) High-salt diet (8% NaCl, HSD); (3) High-salt + low-dose diet (8% NaCl, 0.5 g of L-glutamine/kg body weight, HSLGD); (4) High-salt + middle-dose diet (8% NaCl, 1.5 g of L-glutamine/kg body weight, HSMGD); and (5) High-salt + high-dose diet (8% NaCl, 2.5 g of L-glutamine/kg body weight, HSHGD). After supplementing different doses of glutamine to male Wistar 6-week-old rats fed with HSD for 7 weeks, we found no difference in body weight among groups. Importantly, we showed that dietary L-glutamine supplementation could prevent the development of hypertension in a dose-dependent manner [dramatically lowering systolic blood pressure (SBP) and slightly reducing diastolic blood pressure (DBP) of hypertensive rats, while the differences of DBP between groups did not reach statistical significance]. Our data further elucidated that dietary glutamine supplementation mildly alleviated the degree of left ventricular hypertrophy, including interventricular septal thickness (IVST) and left ventricular posterior wall thickness (LVPWT) in hypertensive rats. Together, our results offer evidence that the dietary uptake of glutamine may be associated with attenuating the development of high salt-induced hypertension and slightly alleviating the degree of left ventricular hypertrophy in hypertensive rats. Therefore, glutamine supplementation may act as a prospective dietary intervention for the treatment of hypertension.
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Thomas K, Zondler L, Ludwig N, Kardell M, Lüneburg C, Henke K, Mersmann S, Margraf A, Spieker T, Tekath T, Velic A, Holtmeier R, Hermann J, Jankowski V, Meersch M, Vestweber D, Westphal M, Roth J, Schäfers MA, Kellum JA, Lowell CA, Rossaint J, Zarbock A. Glutamine prevents acute kidney injury by modulating oxidative stress and apoptosis in tubular epithelial cells. JCI Insight 2022; 7:163161. [PMID: 36107633 PMCID: PMC9675453 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.163161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) represents a common complication in critically ill patients that is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. In a murine AKI model induced by ischemia/reperfusion injury (IRI), we show that glutamine significantly decreases kidney damage and improves kidney function. We demonstrate that glutamine causes transcriptomic and proteomic reprogramming in murine renal tubular epithelial cells (TECs), resulting in decreased epithelial apoptosis, decreased neutrophil recruitment, and improved mitochondrial functionality and respiration provoked by an ameliorated oxidative phosphorylation. We identify the proteins glutamine gamma glutamyltransferase 2 (Tgm2) and apoptosis signal-regulating kinase (Ask1) as the major targets of glutamine in apoptotic signaling. Furthermore, the direct modulation of the Tgm2-HSP70 signalosome and reduced Ask1 activation resulted in decreased JNK activation, leading to diminished mitochondrial intrinsic apoptosis in TECs. Glutamine administration attenuated kidney damage in vivo during AKI and TEC viability in vitro under inflammatory or hypoxic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Thomas
- Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Lisa Zondler
- Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Nadine Ludwig
- Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Marina Kardell
- Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Corinna Lüneburg
- Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Katharina Henke
- Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Sina Mersmann
- Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Andreas Margraf
- Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Tilmann Spieker
- Institute for Pathology, St. Franziskus Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Tobias Tekath
- Institute of Medical Informatics, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Ana Velic
- Department of Quantitative Proteomics, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Richard Holtmeier
- Institute of Clinical Radiology, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Juliane Hermann
- Institute for Molecular Cardiovascular Research, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Aachen, Germany
| | - Vera Jankowski
- Institute for Molecular Cardiovascular Research, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Aachen, Germany
| | - Melanie Meersch
- Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | | | - Martin Westphal
- Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany.,Fresenius Kabi AG, Bad Homburg, Germany
| | - Johannes Roth
- Institute for Immunology, University of Münster, Münster
| | - Michael A. Schäfers
- European Institute for Molecular Imaging, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - John A. Kellum
- Center for Critical Care Nephrology, Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Clifford A. Lowell
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Jan Rossaint
- Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Alexander Zarbock
- Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
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Du Z, Sun H, Du Y, Li L, Lv Q, Yu H, Li F, Wang Y, Jiao X, Hu C, Qin Y. Comprehensive Metabolomics and Machine Learning Identify Profound Oxidative Stress and Inflammation Signatures in Hypertensive Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11101946. [PMID: 36290670 PMCID: PMC9598902 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11101946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Revised: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) can aggravate blood pressure and increase the risk of cardiovascular diseases in hypertensive individuals, yet the underlying pathophysiological process is still incompletely understood. More importantly, OSA remains a significantly undiagnosed condition. In this study, a total of 559 hypertensive patients with and without OSA were included. Metabolome and lipidome-wide analyses were performed to explore the pathophysiological processes of hypertension comorbid OSA and derive potential biomarkers for diagnosing OSA in hypertensive subjects. Compared to non-OSA hypertensive patients (discovery set = 120; validation set = 116), patients with OSA (discovery set = 165; validation set = 158) demonstrated a unique sera metabolic phenotype dominated by abnormalities in biological processes of oxidative stress and inflammation. By integrating three machine learning algorithms, six discriminatory metabolites (including 5-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid, taurine, histidine, lysophosphatidic acid 16:0, lysophosphatidylcholine 18:0, and dihydrosphingosine) were selected for constructing diagnostic and classified model. Notably, the established multivariate-model could accurately identify OSA subjects. The corresponding area under the curve values and the correct classification rates were 0.995 and 96.8% for discovery sets, 0.997 and 99.1% for validation sets. This work updates the molecular insights of hypertension comorbid OSA and paves the way for the use of metabolomics for the diagnosis of OSA in hypertensive individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyong Du
- The Key Laboratory of Remodeling-Related Cardiovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, China
- Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Disease, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Haili Sun
- The Key Laboratory of Remodeling-Related Cardiovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, China
- Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Disease, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Yunhui Du
- The Key Laboratory of Remodeling-Related Cardiovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, China
- Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Disease, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Linyi Li
- The Key Laboratory of Remodeling-Related Cardiovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, China
- Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Disease, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Qianwen Lv
- The Key Laboratory of Remodeling-Related Cardiovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, China
- Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Disease, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Huahui Yu
- The Key Laboratory of Remodeling-Related Cardiovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, China
- Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Disease, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Fan Li
- The Key Laboratory of Remodeling-Related Cardiovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, China
- Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Disease, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Yu Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Remodeling-Related Cardiovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, China
- Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Disease, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Xiaolu Jiao
- The Key Laboratory of Remodeling-Related Cardiovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, China
- Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Disease, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Chaowei Hu
- The Key Laboratory of Remodeling-Related Cardiovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, China
- Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Disease, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Yanwen Qin
- The Key Laboratory of Remodeling-Related Cardiovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, China
- Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Disease, Beijing 100029, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel./Fax: +86-10-64456529
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48
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Ahmed RF, Nasr M, Abd Elbaset M, Hussein AF, Ahmed-Farid OAH, Shafee N, Shabana ME. Combating hematopoietic and hepatocellular abnormalities resulting from administration of cisplatin: Role of liver targeted glycyrrhetinic acid nanoliposomes loaded with amino acids. Pharm Dev Technol 2022; 27:925-941. [PMID: 36168910 DOI: 10.1080/10837450.2022.2129687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
The effectiveness of cisplatin in cancer treatment renders its use vital to clinicians. However, the accompanying side effects as cachexia, emesis and liver damage necessitate the use of a dietary supplement which is capable of hindering such undesirable complications. The branched chain amino acids as well as glutamine and arginine have been proven to be effective nutritional co-adjuvant therapeutic agents. Furthermore, new pharmaceutical approaches encompass designing organ-targeted nanoformulations to increase the medicinal efficacy. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to investigate the beneficial effects of liver-targeted amino acids-loaded nanoliposomes in counteracting the adverse hematopoietic and hepatic complications associated with cisplatin. Results revealed the use of the combination of two nanoliposomal formulations (one loading leucine + isolecuine + valine, and the other loading glutamine and arginine) given orally at a dose of 200 mg/kg for twelve days was effective against cisplatin-induced toxicities represented by improvement in the complete blood picture parameters, decrease in the serum hepatic enzymes levels, amelioration of the hepatic oxidative stress and cellular energy imbalance along with reduction in the histopathological abnormalities. It can be concluded that amino acids loaded nanoliposomes could be considered a new strategy in preventing cisplatin's adverse effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rania F Ahmed
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical Research and Clinical studies Institute, National Research Centre, (ID: 60014618), Dokki, 12622, Giza, Egypt
| | - Maha Nasr
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Egypt
| | - Marawan Abd Elbaset
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical Research and Clinical studies Institute, National Research Centre, (ID: 60014618), Dokki, 12622, Giza, Egypt
| | - Alyaa F Hussein
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical Research and Clinical studies Institute, National Research Centre, (ID: 60014618), Dokki, 12622, Giza, Egypt
| | - Omar A H Ahmed-Farid
- Department of Physiology, National Organization for Drug Control and Research, 12553, Giza, Egypt
| | - Nermin Shafee
- Department of Pathology, Medical Research and Clinical studies Institute, National Research Centre, (ID: 60014618), Dokki, 12622, Giza, Egypt
| | - Marwa E Shabana
- Department of Pathology, Medical Research and Clinical studies Institute, National Research Centre, (ID: 60014618), Dokki, 12622, Giza, Egypt
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49
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Metabolomic Profiling of End-Stage Heart Failure Secondary to Chronic Chagas Cardiomyopathy. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231810456. [PMID: 36142367 PMCID: PMC9499603 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231810456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic Chagas cardiomyopathy (CCC) is the most frequent and severe clinical form of chronic Chagas disease, representing one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in Latin America, and a growing global public health problem. There is currently no approved treatment for CCC; however, omics technologies have enabled significant progress to be made in the search for new therapeutic targets. The metabolic alterations associated with pathogenic mechanisms of CCC and their relationship to cellular and immunopathogenic processes in cardiac tissue remain largely unknown. This exploratory study aimed to evaluate the potential underlying pathogenic mechanisms in the failing myocardium of patients with end-stage heart failure (ESHF) secondary to CCC by applying an untargeted metabolomic profiling approach. Cardiac tissue samples from the left ventricle of patients with ESHF of CCC etiology (n = 7) and healthy donors (n = 7) were analyzed using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Metabolite profiles showed altered branched-chain amino acid and acylcarnitine levels, decreased fatty acid uptake and oxidation, increased activity of the pentose phosphate pathway, dysregulation of the TCA cycle, and alterations in critical cellular antioxidant systems. These findings suggest processes of energy deficit, alterations in substrate availability, and enhanced production of reactive oxygen species in the affected myocardium. This profile potentially contributes to the development and maintenance of a chronic inflammatory state that leads to progression and severity of CCC. Further studies involving larger sample sizes and comparisons with heart failure patients without CCC are needed to validate these results, opening an avenue to investigate new therapeutic approaches for the treatment and prevention of progression of this unique and severe cardiomyopathy.
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50
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Zhao S, Guo J, Xue H, Meng J, Xie D, Liu X, Yu Q, Zhong H, Jiang P. Systematic impacts of fluoride exposure on the metabolomics of rats. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2022; 242:113888. [PMID: 35872488 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.113888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Revised: 07/09/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Fluoride is widely present in the environment. Excessive fluoride exposure leads to fluorosis, which has become a global public health problem and will cause damage to various organs and tissues. Only a few studies focus on serum metabolomics, and there is still a lack of systematic metabolomics associated with fluorosis within the main organs. Therefore, in the current study, a non-targeted metabolomics method using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was used to research the effects of fluoride exposure on metabolites in different organs, to uncover potential biomarkers and study whether the affected metabolic pathways are related to the mechanism of fluorosis. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into two groups: a control group and a fluoride exposure group. GC-MS technology was used to identify metabolites. Multivariate statistical analysis identified 16, 24, 20, 20, 24, 13, 7, and 13 differential metabolites in the serum, liver, kidney, heart, hippocampus, cortex, kidney fat, and brown fat, respectively, in the two groups of rats. Fifteen metabolic pathways were affected, involving toxic mechanisms such as oxidative stress, mitochondrial damage, inflammation, and fatty acid, amino acid and energy metabolism disorders. This study provides a new perspective on the understanding of the mechanism of toxicity associated with sodium fluoride, contributing to the prevention and treatment of fluorosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiyuan Zhao
- Translational pharmaceutical laboratory of Jining First People's Hospital, Jining Medical University, Jining 272000, China.
| | - Jinxiu Guo
- Translational pharmaceutical laboratory of Jining First People's Hospital, Jining Medical University, Jining 272000, China.
| | - Hongjia Xue
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Nottingham Ningbo China, Ningbo 315100, China.
| | - Junjun Meng
- Translational pharmaceutical laboratory of Jining First People's Hospital, Jining Medical University, Jining 272000, China.
| | - Dadi Xie
- Department of Endocrinology, Tengzhou Central People's Hospital, Tengzhou 277500, China.
| | - Xi Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Linfen People's Hospital, Linfen 041000, China.
| | - Qingqing Yu
- Department of Oncology, Jining First People's Hospital, Jining Medical University, Jining 272000, China; Laboratory of Biochemistry and Biomedical Materials, College of Marine Life Science, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China.
| | - Haitao Zhong
- Translational pharmaceutical laboratory of Jining First People's Hospital, Jining Medical University, Jining 272000, China.
| | - Pei Jiang
- Translational pharmaceutical laboratory of Jining First People's Hospital, Jining Medical University, Jining 272000, China.
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