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Braga GDC, Simões JLB, Teixeira Dos Santos YJ, Filho JCM, Bagatini MD. The impacts of obesity in rheumatoid arthritis and insights into therapeutic purinergic modulation. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 136:112357. [PMID: 38810303 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.112357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2024] [Revised: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune condition responsible for the impairment of synovia and joints, endangering the functionality of individuals and contributing to mortality. Currently, obesity is increasing worldwide, and recent studies have suggested an association between such condition and RA. In this sense, obese individuals present a lower capacity for achieving remission and present more intense symptoms of the disease, demonstrating a link between both disorders. Different studies aim to understand the possible connection between the conditions; however, few is known in this sense. Therefore, knowing that obesity can alter the activity of multiple body systems, this work's objective is to evaluate the main modifications caused by obesity, which can be linked to the pathophysiology of RA, highlighting as relevant topics obesity's negative impact triggering systemic inflammation, intestinal dysbiosis, endocrine disbalances. Furthermore, the relationship between oxidative stress and obesity also deserves to be highlighted, considering the influence of reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation in RA exacerbation. Additionally, many of those characteristics influenced by obesity, along with the classic peculiarities of RA pathophysiology, can also be associated with purinergic signaling. Hence, this work suggests possible connections between the purinergic system and RA, proposing potential therapeutic targets against RA to be studied.
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Mitoiu BI, Nartea R, Miclaus RS. Impact of Resistance and Endurance Training on Ghrelin and Plasma Leptin Levels in Overweight and Obese Subjects. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:8067. [PMID: 39125635 PMCID: PMC11311634 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25158067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2024] [Revised: 07/21/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Exercise training is a valuable tool for improving body weight and composition in overweight or obese adults, which leads to a negative energy balance. It is relevant to consider whether exercise can help people lose weight or prevent weight gain because any energy expended in exercise increases the severity of hunger and promotes food consumption. Over the past decade, the identification of the circulating peptide ghrelin, which alerts the brain to the body's nutritional state, has significantly expanded our understanding of this homeostatic mechanism that controls appetite and body weight. To shed more light on this issue, we decided to investigate the effects of resistance and endurance training on plasma ghrelin and leptin levels. In addition, we sought to understand the mechanisms by which acute and chronic exercise can regulate hunger. This review analyzes studies published in the last fifteen years that focused on changes suffered by ghrelin, leptin, or both after physical exercise in overweight or obese individuals. Most studies have shown a decrease in leptin levels and an increase in ghrelin levels in these cases. Exercise regimens that support weight maintenance need further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brindusa Ilinca Mitoiu
- Clinical Department 9, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania;
- Prof. Dr. Agrippa Ionescu Clinical Emergency Hospital, 077016 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Roxana Nartea
- Clinical Department 9, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania;
- National Institute for Rehabilitation, Physical Medicine and Balneoclimatology, 030079 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Roxana Steliana Miclaus
- Department of Fundamental, Preventive, and Clinical Disciplines, Faculty of Medicine, Transilvania University of Brasov, 500036 Brasov, Romania;
- Neurorehabilitation Department, Clinical Hospital of Psychiatry and Neurology, 500036 Brasov, Romania
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Savulescu-Fiedler I, Mihalcea R, Dragosloveanu S, Scheau C, Baz RO, Caruntu A, Scheau AE, Caruntu C, Benea SN. The Interplay between Obesity and Inflammation. Life (Basel) 2024; 14:856. [PMID: 39063610 PMCID: PMC11277997 DOI: 10.3390/life14070856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2024] [Revised: 07/01/2024] [Accepted: 07/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Obesity is an important condition affecting the quality of life of numerous patients and increasing their associated risk for multiple diseases, including tumors and immune-mediated disorders. Inflammation appears to play a major role in the development of obesity and represents a central point for the activity of cellular and humoral components in the adipose tissue. Macrophages play a key role as the main cellular component of the adipose tissue regulating the chronic inflammation and modulating the secretion and differentiation of various pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines. Inflammation also involves a series of signaling pathways that might represent the focus for new therapies and interventions. Weight loss is essential in decreasing cardiometabolic risks and the degree of associated inflammation; however, the latter can persist for long after the excess weight is lost, and can involve changes in macrophage phenotypes that can ensure the metabolic adjustment. A clear understanding of the pathophysiological processes in the adipose tissue and the interplay between obesity and chronic inflammation can lead to a better understanding of the development of comorbidities and may ensure future targets for the treatment of obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilinca Savulescu-Fiedler
- Department of Internal Medicine, The “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, Coltea Clinical Hospital, 030167 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Razvan Mihalcea
- Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, Coltea Clinical Hospital, 030167 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Serban Dragosloveanu
- Department of Orthopaedics, “Foisor” Clinical Hospital of Orthopaedics, Traumatology and Osteoarticular TB, 021382 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Cristian Scheau
- Department of Physiology, The “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania (C.C.)
- Department of Radiology and Medical Imaging, “Foisor” Clinical Hospital of Orthopaedics, Traumatology and Osteoarticular TB, 030167 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Radu Octavian Baz
- Clinical Laboratory of Radiology and Medical Imaging, “Sf. Apostol Andrei” County Emergency Hospital, 900591 Constanta, Romania
- Department of Radiology and Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medicine, “Ovidius” University, 900527 Constanta, Romania
| | - Ana Caruntu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, “Carol Davila” Central Military Emergency Hospital, 010825 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dental Medicine, “Titu Maiorescu” University, 031593 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Andreea-Elena Scheau
- Department of Radiology and Medical Imaging, Fundeni Clinical Institute, 022328 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Constantin Caruntu
- Department of Physiology, The “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania (C.C.)
- Department of Dermatology, “Prof. N.C. Paulescu” National Institute of Diabetes, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases, 011233 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Serban Nicolae Benea
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
- “Prof. Dr. Matei Balș” National Institute for Infectious Diseases, 021105 Bucharest, Romania
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Ryyti R, Hämäläinen M, Tolonen T, Mäki M, Jaakkola M, Peltola R, Moilanen E. Lingonberry ( Vaccinium vitis- idaea L.) Skin Extract Prevents Weight Gain and Hyperglycemia in High-Fat Diet-Induced Model of Obesity in Mice. Nutrients 2024; 16:2107. [PMID: 38999854 PMCID: PMC11243352 DOI: 10.3390/nu16132107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2024] [Revised: 06/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The percentage of obese people is increasing worldwide, causing versatile health problems. Obesity is connected to diseases such as diabetes and cardiovascular diseases, which are preceded by a state called metabolic syndrome. Diets rich in fruits and vegetables have been reported to decrease the risk of metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes. Berries with a high polyphenol content, including lingonberry (Vaccinium vitis-idaea L.), have also been of interest to possibly prevent obesity-induced metabolic disturbances. In the present study, we prepared an extract from the by-product of a lingonberry juice production process (press cake/pomace) and investigated its metabolic effects in the high-fat diet-induced model of obesity in mice. The lingonberry skin extract partly prevented weight and epididymal fat gain as well as a rise in fasting glucose level in high-fat diet-fed mice. The extract also attenuated high-fat diet-induced glucose intolerance as measured by an intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test (IPGTT). The extract had no effect on the levels of cholesterol, triglyceride or the adipokines adiponectin, leptin, or resistin. The results extend previous data on the beneficial metabolic effects of lingonberry. Further research is needed to explore the mechanisms behind these effects and to develop further health-promoting lingonberry applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riitta Ryyti
- The Immunopharmacology Research Group, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University and Tampere University Hospital, 33014 Tampere, Finland
| | - Mari Hämäläinen
- The Immunopharmacology Research Group, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University and Tampere University Hospital, 33014 Tampere, Finland
| | - Tiina Tolonen
- Unit of Measurement Technology, Kajaani University Consortium, University of Oulu, 87400 Kajaani, Finland
| | - Marianne Mäki
- Unit of Measurement Technology, Kajaani University Consortium, University of Oulu, 87400 Kajaani, Finland
| | - Mari Jaakkola
- Unit of Measurement Technology, Kajaani University Consortium, University of Oulu, 87400 Kajaani, Finland
| | - Rainer Peltola
- Bioeconomy and Environment, Natural Resources Institute Finland, 96200 Rovaniemi, Finland
| | - Eeva Moilanen
- The Immunopharmacology Research Group, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University and Tampere University Hospital, 33014 Tampere, Finland
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Martins Kattah F, Janjusevic M, Figueiredo N, Santos Oliveira E, Carielo Lima G, Dâmaso AR, Oyama LM, Fluca AL, de Melo PRE, Aderuza Horst M, Aleksova A, Campos Corgosinho F. HOMA-IR as a Predictor of PAI-1 Levels in Women with Severe Obesity. Biomedicines 2024; 12:1222. [PMID: 38927429 PMCID: PMC11200361 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12061222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2024] [Revised: 05/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity is a chronic inflammatory disorder that increases the risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Given the high CVD mortality rate among individuals with obesity, early screening should be considered. Plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI-1), a cytokine that links obesity and CVDs, represents a promising biomarker. However, PAI-1 is not part of the clinical routine due to its high cost. Therefore, it is necessary to find good predictors that would allow an indirect assessment of PAI-1. METHODS This study enrolled 47 women with severe obesity (SO). The obtained anthropometric measurements included weight, height, neck (NC), waist (WC), and hip circumference (HC). Blood samples were collected to analyse glucose and lipid profiles, C-reactive protein, liver markers, adiponectin, and PAI-1 (determined by ELISA immunoassay). Homeostasis model assessment-adiponectin (HOMA-AD), homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), quantitative insulin sensitivity check index (QUICKI), triglyceride-glucose index (TyG), and atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) were calculated. The women were grouped according to PAI-1 levels. The data were analysed using IBM SPSS Statistics, version 21. The significance level for the analysis was set at 5%. RESULTS Women with SO who have higher levels of PAI-1 have lower values of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL) (p = 0.037) and QUICKI (0.020) and higher values of HOMA-AD (0.046) and HOMA-IR (0.037). HOMA-IR was demonstrated to be a good predictor of PAI-1 in this sample (B = 0.2791; p = 0.017). CONCLUSIONS HOMA-IR could be used as a predictor of PAI-1 levels, pointing out the relevance of assessing glycaemic parameters for the prevention of CVDs in women with SO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabiana Martins Kattah
- Faculty of Nutrition, Federal University of Goias, Goiânia 74605-080, Brazil; (E.S.O.); (G.C.L.); (M.A.H.)
| | - Milijana Janjusevic
- Cardiothoracovascular Department, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Giuliano Isontina (ASUGI), Department of Medical Surgical and Health Science, University of Trieste, 34149 Trieste, Italy; (M.J.); (A.L.F.); or (A.A.)
| | - Nayra Figueiredo
- Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Goias, Goiania 74605-080, Brazil;
| | - Emilly Santos Oliveira
- Faculty of Nutrition, Federal University of Goias, Goiânia 74605-080, Brazil; (E.S.O.); (G.C.L.); (M.A.H.)
| | - Glaucia Carielo Lima
- Faculty of Nutrition, Federal University of Goias, Goiânia 74605-080, Brazil; (E.S.O.); (G.C.L.); (M.A.H.)
| | - Ana Raimunda Dâmaso
- Paulista Medicine School, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo 04023-062, Brazil; (A.R.D.); (L.M.O.)
| | - Lila Missae Oyama
- Paulista Medicine School, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo 04023-062, Brazil; (A.R.D.); (L.M.O.)
| | - Alessandra Lucia Fluca
- Cardiothoracovascular Department, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Giuliano Isontina (ASUGI), Department of Medical Surgical and Health Science, University of Trieste, 34149 Trieste, Italy; (M.J.); (A.L.F.); or (A.A.)
| | | | - Maria Aderuza Horst
- Faculty of Nutrition, Federal University of Goias, Goiânia 74605-080, Brazil; (E.S.O.); (G.C.L.); (M.A.H.)
| | - Aneta Aleksova
- Cardiothoracovascular Department, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Giuliano Isontina (ASUGI), Department of Medical Surgical and Health Science, University of Trieste, 34149 Trieste, Italy; (M.J.); (A.L.F.); or (A.A.)
| | - Flávia Campos Corgosinho
- Faculty of Nutrition, Federal University of Goias, Goiânia 74605-080, Brazil; (E.S.O.); (G.C.L.); (M.A.H.)
- Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Goias, Goiania 74605-080, Brazil;
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Lee S, Byun MS, Yi D, Ahn H, Jung G, Jung JH, Chang YY, Kim K, Choi H, Choi J, Lee JY, Kang KM, Sohn CH, Lee YS, Kim YK, Lee DY. Plasma Leptin and Alzheimer Protein Pathologies Among Older Adults. JAMA Netw Open 2024; 7:e249539. [PMID: 38700863 PMCID: PMC11069086 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.9539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Importance Many epidemiologic studies have suggested that low levels of plasma leptin, a major adipokine, are associated with increased risk of Alzheimer disease (AD) dementia and cognitive decline. Nevertheless, the mechanistic pathway linking plasma leptin and AD-related cognitive decline is not yet fully understood. Objective To examine the association of plasma leptin levels with in vivo AD pathologies, including amyloid-beta (Aβ) and tau deposition, through both cross-sectional and longitudinal approaches among cognitively unimpaired older adults. Design, Setting, and Participants This was a longitudinal cohort study from the Korean Brain Aging Study for Early Diagnosis and Prediction of Alzheimer Disease. Data were collected from January 1, 2014, to December 31, 2020, and data were analyzed from July 11 to September 6, 2022. The study included a total of 208 cognitively unimpaired participants who underwent baseline positron emission tomography (PET) scans for brain Aβ deposition. For longitudinal analyses, 192 participants who completed both baseline and 2-year follow-up PET scans for brain Aβ deposition were included. Exposure Plasma leptin levels as assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Main Outcomes and Measures Baseline levels and longitudinal changes of global Aβ and AD-signature region tau deposition measured by PET scans. Results Among the 208 participants, the mean (SD) age was 66.0 (11.3) years, 114 were women (54.8%), and 37 were apolipoprotein E ε4 carriers (17.8%). Lower plasma leptin levels had a significant cross-sectional association with greater brain Aβ deposition (β = -0.04; 95% CI, -0.09 to 0.00; P = .046), while there was no significant association between plasma leptin levels and tau deposition (β = -0.02; 95% CI, -0.05 to 0.02; P = .41). In contrast, longitudinal analyses revealed that there was a significant association between lower baseline leptin levels and greater increase of tau deposition over 2 years (β = -0.06; 95% CI, -0.11 to -0.01; P = .03), whereas plasma leptin levels did not have a significant association with longitudinal change of Aβ deposition (β = 0.006; 95% CI, 0.00-0.02; P = .27). Conclusions and Relevance The present findings suggest that plasma leptin may be protective for the development or progression of AD pathology, including both Aβ and tau deposition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seunghoon Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Myongji Hospital, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Goyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Soo Byun
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dahyun Yi
- Institute of Human Behavioral Medicine, Medical Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyejin Ahn
- Interdisciplinary Program of Cognitive Science, Seoul National University College of Humanities, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Gijung Jung
- Institute of Human Behavioral Medicine, Medical Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Joon Hyung Jung
- Department of Psychiatry, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon Young Chang
- Department of Psychiatry, Inje University, Sanggye Paik Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyungtae Kim
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeji Choi
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeongmin Choi
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun-Young Lee
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Koung Mi Kang
- Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chul-Ho Sohn
- Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun-Sang Lee
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yu Kyeong Kim
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Young Lee
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Human Behavioral Medicine, Medical Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Interdisciplinary Program of Cognitive Science, Seoul National University College of Humanities, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Öztürk D, Koca AO, Keskin M, Öztürk B, Oğuz EF, Turhan T, Buluş H. Patients who received sleeve gastrectomy have lower plasma osteopontin levels than those who did not. Clinics (Sao Paulo) 2024; 79:100352. [PMID: 38574573 PMCID: PMC10999792 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinsp.2024.100352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to compare metabolic parameters, plasma Osteopontin (OPN) and Hepatocyte Growth Factor (HGF) levels between Sleeve Gastrectomy (SG) patients in their 6th post-operation month and healthy control patients. METHODS Height, weight, Body Mass Index (BMI) and laboratory parameters of 58 SG patients aged 18‒65 years (Group 1) and 46 healthy control patients (Group 2) were compared. In addition, preoperative and postoperative sixth-month BMI and laboratory parameters of the patients in Group 1 were compared. RESULTS The mean age and gender distributions of the groups were similar (p > 0.05). Mean BMI was 28.9 kg/m2 in Group 1 and 27 kg/m2 in Group 2 (p < 0.01). While plasma HGF levels were similar between both groups, plasma OPN levels were higher in Group 2 (p < 0.001). Fasting plasma glucose, total cholesterol, triglyceride, fasting plasma insulin and insulin resistance values were higher in Group 1, while alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase levels were higher in Group 2 (p < 0.05). There was a strong correlation between plasma HGF and OPN levels in Group 1, but not in Group 2 (Rho = 0.805, p < 0.001). CONCLUSION OPN and HGF are promising biomarkers that can be used to better understand and detect problems related to obesity. The fact that patients in the early post-SG period had lower plasma OPN and similar plasma HGF compared to non-surgical patients of similar age and gender with higher BMI may be another favorable and previously unknown metabolic effect of SG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doğan Öztürk
- University of Health Sciences, Ankara Atatürk Sanatoryum Education and Research Hospital, Department of General Surgery, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Arzu Or Koca
- University of Health Sciences, Dr. Abdurrahman Yurtaslan Ankara Onkoloji Education and Research Hospital, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Müge Keskin
- University of Health Sciences, Ankara City Hospital, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Bülent Öztürk
- University of Health Sciences, Ankara Atatürk Sanatoryum Education and Research Hospital, Department of General Surgery, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Esra Fırat Oğuz
- University of Health Sciences, Ankara City Hospital, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Turan Turhan
- University of Health Sciences, Ankara City Hospital, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Hakan Buluş
- University of Health Sciences, Ankara Atatürk Sanatoryum Education and Research Hospital, Department of General Surgery, Ankara, Turkey
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Wu Y, Ma Y. CCL2-CCR2 signaling axis in obesity and metabolic diseases. J Cell Physiol 2024; 239:e31192. [PMID: 38284280 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.31192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2023] [Revised: 12/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
Obesity and metabolic diseases, such as insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, and cardiovascular ailments, represent formidable global health challenges, bearing considerable implications for both morbidity and mortality rates. It has become increasingly evident that chronic, low-grade inflammation plays a pivotal role in the genesis and advancement of these conditions. The involvement of C-C chemokine ligand 2 (CCL2) and its corresponding receptor, C-C chemokine receptor 2 (CCR2), has been extensively documented in numerous inflammatory maladies. Recent evidence indicates that the CCL2/CCR2 pathway extends beyond immune cell recruitment and inflammation, exerting a notable influence on the genesis and progression of metabolic syndrome. The present review seeks to furnish a comprehensive exposition of the CCL2-CCR2 signaling axis within the context of obesity and metabolic disorders, elucidating its molecular mechanisms, functional roles, and therapeutic implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Wu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, Center for Cell Structure and Function, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cell Biology in Universities of Shandong, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Yanchun Ma
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, Center for Cell Structure and Function, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cell Biology in Universities of Shandong, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
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9
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Oza C, Mandlik R, Khadilkar AV, Gondhalekar KM, Khadilkar VV. Role of Dietary Macronutrient Composition and Fibre Intake in Development of Double Diabetes in Indian Youth. Indian J Endocrinol Metab 2024; 28:213-219. [PMID: 38911111 PMCID: PMC11189281 DOI: 10.4103/ijem.ijem_90_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Insulin resistance (IR) and obesity are common presentations of double diabetes (DD) in subjects with type-1 diabetes (T1D). There is evidence that dietary composition has an impact on developing IR. Objectives were to assess the impact of macronutrient and fibre intake on glycaemic control and the role of macronutrient composition of diet in the development of DD in subjects with T1D. Methods This cross-sectional study included 77 young adults (10-25 years) with T1D. Data related to demography, anthropometry, biochemistry and body composition were collected. Dietary data was collected by fourteen-day food diary. IR was calculated using eGDR, SEARCH and CACTI equations, and metabolic syndrome (MS) was diagnosed using the International Diabetes Federation Consensus Definition. Results Subjects at risk of DD had higher age, leptin levels, percentage carbohydrate consumption in diet and IR. A positive association of insulin sensitivity with fibre intake and %protein intake was noted. Poor glycaemic control, adiponectin/leptin ratio, fibre intake and insulin/carbohydrate ratio were significant negative predictors of IR. Addition of dietary factors to the regression model improved the R square and percentage of subjects identified correctly. Inclusion of dietary parameters significantly improves the prediction of the risk of development of DD in subjects with T1D. Conclusion Good glycaemic control and increased intake of dietary fibre may prevent the development of IR in subjects with T1D and reduce the burden of DD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chirantap Oza
- Paediatric Growth and Endocrine Department, Hirabai Cowasji Jehangir Medical Research Institute, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Rubina Mandlik
- Paediatric Growth and Endocrine Department, Hirabai Cowasji Jehangir Medical Research Institute, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Anuradha V. Khadilkar
- Paediatric Growth and Endocrine Department, Hirabai Cowasji Jehangir Medical Research Institute, Pune, Maharashtra, India
- Department of Interdisciplinary, School of Health Sciences, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Ketan M. Gondhalekar
- Paediatric Growth and Endocrine Department, Hirabai Cowasji Jehangir Medical Research Institute, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Vaman V. Khadilkar
- Paediatric Growth and Endocrine Department, Hirabai Cowasji Jehangir Medical Research Institute, Pune, Maharashtra, India
- Department of Interdisciplinary, School of Health Sciences, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, Maharashtra, India
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Chapman-Lopez TJ, Funderburk LK, Heileson JL, Wilburn DT, Koutakis P, Gallucci AR, Forsse JS. Effects of L-Leucine Supplementation and Resistance Training on Adipokine Markers in Untrained Perimenopausal and Postmenopausal Women. J Strength Cond Res 2024; 38:526-532. [PMID: 38088883 DOI: 10.1519/jsc.0000000000004661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Chapman-Lopez, TJ, Funderburk, LK, Heileson, JL, Wilburn, DT, Koutakis, P, Gallucci, AR, and Forsse, JS. Effects of L-leucine supplementation and resistance training on adipokine markers in untrained perimenopausal and postmenopausal women. J Strength Cond Res 38(3): 526-532, 2024-This study examined the effects of supplementing 5 g of leucine compared with a placebo during a 10-week resistance training program on body composition parameters and adipokine concentrations in untrained, perimenopausal and postmenopausal women. Thirty-five women were randomly assigned to 2 groups-leucine (LEU, n = 17) and placebo (PLC, n = 18)-in a double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Each group consumed the supplement or placebo every day and completed a resistance training program for 10 weeks. Using 3-day food records, a diet was assessed before the intervention and after its cessation. Body composition was assessed preintervention and postintervention using dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry. Moreover, the concentrations of adipokines, such as adiponectin, visfatin, leptin, and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), were assessed preintervention and postintervention. Both groups showed an increase in visceral adipose tissue (VAT) area ( p = 0.030) and fat-free mass (FFM; p = 0.023). There were significant group differences in concentrations of visfatin ( p = 0.020) and leptin ( p = 0.038) between the PLC and LEU groups. Visfatin displayed higher concentrations in the PLC group and leptin displayed higher concentrations in the LEU group. In addition, there were significant decreases in adiponectin concentrations for both groups (LEU: 652 ± 513 to 292 ± 447 pg·ml -1 ; PLC: 584 ± 572 to 245 ± 356 pg·ml -1 , p = 0.002) and MCP-1 only decreased in the PLC group (253 ± 119 to 206 ± 106 pg·ml -1 , p = 0.004). There were significant decreases in adiponectin concentrations in both groups and a decrease in MCP-1 concentrations in the PLC group. These decreases may be due to both adipokines possible relationship with VAT area. However, it is not known whether leucine has underlying properties that hinder changes in MCP-1 concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomas J Chapman-Lopez
- Integrated Laboratory of Exercise, Nutrition, and Renal Vascular Research, Department of Health Human Performance and Recreation, Baylor University, Waco, Texas
| | - LesLee K Funderburk
- Integrated Laboratory of Exercise, Nutrition, and Renal Vascular Research, Department of Health Human Performance and Recreation, Baylor University, Waco, Texas
- Human Sciences and Design, Baylor University, Waco, Texas
| | - Jeffery L Heileson
- Integrated Laboratory of Exercise, Nutrition, and Renal Vascular Research, Department of Health Human Performance and Recreation, Baylor University, Waco, Texas
- Nutrition Services Division, Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, Maryland; and
| | - Dylan T Wilburn
- Integrated Laboratory of Exercise, Nutrition, and Renal Vascular Research, Department of Health Human Performance and Recreation, Baylor University, Waco, Texas
| | | | - Andrew R Gallucci
- Integrated Laboratory of Exercise, Nutrition, and Renal Vascular Research, Department of Health Human Performance and Recreation, Baylor University, Waco, Texas
| | - Jeffrey S Forsse
- Integrated Laboratory of Exercise, Nutrition, and Renal Vascular Research, Department of Health Human Performance and Recreation, Baylor University, Waco, Texas
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Lee HJ, Lee YJ, Lim YH, Kim HY, Kim BN, Kim JI, Cho YM, Hong YC, Shin CH, Lee YA. Relationship of bisphenol A substitutes bisphenol F and bisphenol S with adiponectin/leptin ratio among children from the environment and development of children cohort. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2024; 185:108564. [PMID: 38467088 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2024.108564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bisphenol A (BPA) is known as an obesogenic endocrine disruptor. Bisphenol S (BPS) and F (BPF) are substitutes that have recently replaced BPA. OBJECTIVES To investigate the relationships of urinary bisphenols (BPA, BPS and BPF) with adiposity measurements (obesity, BMI z-score, and fat mass), serum adipokine levels (adiponectin and leptin), and adiponectin/leptin ratio (A/L ratio) in 6- and 8-year-old children. METHODS A total of 561 children who participated in the Environment and Development of Children cohort (482 and 516 children visited at age 6 and 8, respectively) at Seoul National University Children's Hospital during 2015-2019 were included. Urinary BPA levels were log-transformed. BPS levels were categorized into three groups (non-detected, lower-half, and higher-half of detected), and BPF levels were classified into two groups (non-detected and detected). RESULTS The urinary BPS higher-half group had a higher BMI z-score (β = 0.160, P= 0.044), higher fat mass (β = 0.104, P< 0.001), lower adiponectin concentration (β =- 0.069, P< 0.001), higher leptin concentration (β = 0.360, P< 0.001), and lower A/L ratio (β =- 0.428, P< 0.001) compared with the non-detected group. The urinary BPF-detected group had a higher fat mass (β = 0.074, P< 0.001), lower adiponectin concentration (β =- 0.069, P< 0.001), higher leptin concentration (β = 0.360, P< 0.001), and lower A/L ratio (β =- 0.428, P< 0.001) compared with the non-detected group. The BPA levels showed no consistent associations with outcomes, except for isolated associations of BPA at age 6 with a higher BMI z-score at age 6 (P= 0.016) and leptin at age 8 (P= 0.021). CONCLUSIONS Increased exposure to BPS and BPF is associated with higher fat mass and leptin concentration, lower serum adiponectin, and lower A/L ratio in children. These findings suggest potential adverse effects of BPA substitutes on adiposity and adipokines. No consistent association of BPA exposure with outcomes could be partly explained by the decreasing BPA levels over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye Jin Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, Hallym University Kangnam Sacred Heart Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun Jeong Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University Children's Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Youn-Hee Lim
- Section of Environmental Health, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; Institute of Environmental Medicine, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Environmental Health Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hwa Young Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Bundang Seoul National University Hospital, Republic of Korea
| | - Bung-Nyun Kim
- Division of Children and Adolescent Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Johanna Inhyang Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Min Cho
- Department of Nano Chemical and Biological Engineering, SeoKyeong University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun-Chul Hong
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Environmental Health Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Choong Ho Shin
- Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University Children's Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Ah Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University Children's Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Lipski D, Marzyńska D, Sytek P, Rzesoś P, Rabiza A, Żurek S, Radziemski A, Stryczyński Ł, Tykarski A, Uruski P. Obesity in Hypertensive Patients Is Characterized by a Dawn Phenomenon in Systolic Blood Pressure Values and Variability. J Clin Med 2024; 13:371. [PMID: 38256505 PMCID: PMC10816240 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13020371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 12/31/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
One of the causes of hypertension is excess weight gain, which can also affect the course of this disease. Both the diagnosis and management of hypertension commonly use ambulatory blood pressure monitoring; the results of which correlate more strongly with cardiovascular diseases and cardiovascular death than office blood pressure monitoring. We evaluated blood pressure values and their variability from hour to hour to see if and when they differed between hypertensive patients with and without obesity. The study included 1345 patients who underwent 24 h ambulatory blood pressure monitoring and then were divided into groups according to body mass index and waist circumference. The obtained data were analyzed according to the subjects' wake-up time, and short-term blood pressure variability parameters were calculated as the mean of the absolute values of the differences between consecutive measurements. The systolic blood pressure in obese subjects was significantly higher between 1 and 5 h before waking than in normal-weighted individuals. In turn, the variability in systolic and diastolic blood pressure was higher with increasing body mass index. The difference in systolic blood pressure values and blood pressure variability was most prominent in the last 5 h of sleep in obese patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dawid Lipski
- Department of Hypertensiology, Angiology and Internal Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-848 Poznan, Poland
| | - Dorota Marzyńska
- Department of Hypertensiology, Angiology and Internal Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-848 Poznan, Poland
| | - Paulina Sytek
- Department of Hypertensiology, Angiology and Internal Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-848 Poznan, Poland
| | - Patrycja Rzesoś
- Department of Hypertensiology, Angiology and Internal Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-848 Poznan, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Rabiza
- Department of Hypertensiology, Angiology and Internal Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-848 Poznan, Poland
| | - Sebastian Żurek
- Institute of Physics, University of Zielona Gora, 65-516 Zielona Gora, Poland
| | - Artur Radziemski
- Department of Hypertensiology, Angiology and Internal Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-848 Poznan, Poland
| | - Łukasz Stryczyński
- Department of Hypertensiology, Angiology and Internal Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-848 Poznan, Poland
| | - Andrzej Tykarski
- Department of Hypertensiology, Angiology and Internal Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-848 Poznan, Poland
| | - Paweł Uruski
- Department of Hypertensiology, Angiology and Internal Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-848 Poznan, Poland
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13
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Wang S, Shi H, Luo L, He H. Characteristics and correlation of body fat distribution and brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity in adults aged 20-59 years: a cross-sectional study. BMC Cardiovasc Disord 2024; 24:5. [PMID: 38166618 PMCID: PMC10763480 DOI: 10.1186/s12872-023-03597-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fat distribution is closely related to vascular stiffness. This study aimed to investigate age and sex differences in fat distribution and brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV), and the association between fat parameters and baPWV. METHODS A total of 10,811 participants aged 20-59 years were recruited. Measures included waist and hip circumference, waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), body mass index (BMI), percentage body fat (PBF), subcutaneous fat area (SFA), visceral fat area (VFA), and baPWV. RESULTS The results confirm that fat accumulates with age and that men tend to carry more abdominal fat than women in the same age group. The findings also indicate that baPWV increases with age and is significantly higher in men than in women in the same age group. In addition, WHR, VFA, and baPWV were more strongly correlated than baPWV and BMI, SFA, and PBF. Finally, the effects of age, PBF, WHR, and VFA on baPWV were greater for the higher quantiles. CONCLUSIONS There are age and sex differences in fat distribution and baPWV. Abdominal obesity is more closely linked to arterial stiffness than overall obesity, and people with higher baPWV are more affected by obesity parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengya Wang
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Haiyan Shi
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Laiyuan Luo
- China Institute of Sport and Health Science, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Hui He
- China Institute of Sport and Health Science, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, 100084, China.
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14
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Mujaddadi A, Zaki S, M Noohu M, Naqvi IH, Veqar Z. Predictors of Cardiac Autonomic Dysfunction in Obesity-Related Hypertension. High Blood Press Cardiovasc Prev 2024; 31:77-91. [PMID: 38345729 DOI: 10.1007/s40292-024-00623-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cardiac Autonomic Dysfunction (CAD) is an overlooked cardiovascular risk factor in individuals with obesity-related hypertension. Despite its clinical significance, there is a notable lack of clarity regarding the pathophysiological correlates involved in its onset and progression. AIM The present study aimed to identify potential predictors of CAD in obesity-related hypertension. METHODS A total of 72 participants (34 men and 38 women) were enrolled. Comprehensive evaluations were conducted, including cardiac autonomic function assessments, body composition estimation and biochemical analysis. Participants were categorized as CAD-positive or CAD-negative based on Ewing's criteria for autonomic dysfunction. Univariate logistic regression analysis was performed to identify potential predictors for CAD. Multivariate logistic regression models were further constructed by adjusting clinically relevant covariates to identify independent predictors of CAD. RESULTS Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that resting heart rate (HRrest), (odds ratio, confidence interval: 0.85, 0.78-0.93; p = 0.001) and percentage body fat (BF%), (odds ratio, confidence interval: 0.78, 0.64-0.96; p = 0.018) were significant independent predictors of CAD. Receiver Operating Characteristic curve analysis depicted optimal cut-off values for HRrest and BF% as > 74.1 bpm and > 33.6%, respectively. Multicolinearity analysis showed variance inflation factors (VIF) below the cautionary threshold of 3. CONCLUSIONS The HRrest and BF% emerged as significant independent predictors of CAD in obesity-related hypertension. Therapeutic strategies should target HRrest < 74.1 bpm and BF% < 33.6% to mitigate CAD risk in this population. Future trials are required to establish causal relationships and may consider additional confounding variables in obesity-related hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aqsa Mujaddadi
- Centre for Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia (A Central University), New Delhi, 110025, India
| | - Saima Zaki
- Centre for Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia (A Central University), New Delhi, 110025, India
| | - Majumi M Noohu
- Centre for Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia (A Central University), New Delhi, 110025, India
| | - Irshad Husain Naqvi
- Centre for Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia (A Central University), New Delhi, 110025, India
- Dr. M.A. Ansari Health Centre, Jamia Millia Islamia (A Central University), New Delhi, 110025, India
| | - Zubia Veqar
- Centre for Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia (A Central University), New Delhi, 110025, India.
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15
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Léniz A, Fernández-Quintela A, Arranz S, Portune K, Tueros I, Arana E, Castaño L, Velasco O, Portillo MP. Altered Red Blood Cell Fatty Acid and Serum Adipokine Profiles in Subjects with Obesity. Biomedicines 2023; 11:3320. [PMID: 38137540 PMCID: PMC10742039 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11123320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adipokines, as well as the fatty acid profile of red blood cell (RBC) membranes, are known to play important roles in the development and progression of metabolic complications induced by obesity. Thus, the objective of this study is to compare the serum adipokine profile and the RBC membrane fatty acid profile of normal-weight and obese adults, and to analyze their relationship with serum biochemical parameters. METHODS An observational case-control study was performed in 75 normal-weight and obese adult subjects. Biochemical serum parameters, eight serum adipokines and the RBC membrane fatty acid profiles were measured. Associations between parameters were established using regression analysis. RESULTS Subjects with obesity showed increased levels of leptin, fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) and overexpressed nephroblastoma (NOV/CCN3), decreased adiponectin, and similar levels of vaspin and chemerin compared to normal-weight subjects. Significant positive and negative correlations were found with triglycerides and high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-c), respectively. An increase in the total ω-6 fatty acids in the RBC membrane fatty acid profiles in subjects with obesity was observed, because of higher levels of both dihomo-γ-linolenic acid (DGLA) and arachidonic acid (AA), and decreased total ω-3 fatty acids, mainly due to lower levels of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). The ω-6/ω-3 ratio in the RBCs was significantly higher, suggesting an inflammatory status, as was also suggested by a reduced adiponectin level. A negative association between DGLA and adiponectin, and a positive association between DHA and serum triglycerides, was observed. CONCLUSIONS Important alterations in serum adipokine and RBC fatty acid profiles are found in subjects with obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asier Léniz
- Vitoria-Gasteiz Nursing School, Osakidetza-Basque Health Service, 01009 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain;
- BIOARABA Institute of Health, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain;
- CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), Institute of Health Carlos III, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
- Nutrition and Obesity Group, Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Paseo de la Universidad, 7, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
- Lucio Lascaray Research Centre, Avenida Miguel de Unamuno, 3, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
- Department Pharmacy and Food Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Alfredo Fernández-Quintela
- BIOARABA Institute of Health, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain;
- CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), Institute of Health Carlos III, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
- Nutrition and Obesity Group, Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Paseo de la Universidad, 7, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
- Lucio Lascaray Research Centre, Avenida Miguel de Unamuno, 3, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
- Department Pharmacy and Food Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Sara Arranz
- AZTI, Food Research, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Parque Tecnológico de Bizkaia, Astondo Bidea, Edificio 609, 48160 Derio, Spain; (S.A.)
| | - Kevin Portune
- AZTI, Food Research, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Parque Tecnológico de Bizkaia, Astondo Bidea, Edificio 609, 48160 Derio, Spain; (S.A.)
| | - Itziar Tueros
- AZTI, Food Research, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Parque Tecnológico de Bizkaia, Astondo Bidea, Edificio 609, 48160 Derio, Spain; (S.A.)
| | - Eunate Arana
- Hospital Universitario Cruces, BIOBIZKAIA Institute of Health, 48903 Barakaldo, Spain (O.V.)
| | - Luis Castaño
- Hospital Universitario Cruces, BIOBIZKAIA Institute of Health, 48903 Barakaldo, Spain (O.V.)
- Department Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Nursing, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 48940 Leioa, Spain
- CIBER Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Diseases (CIBERdem), Institute of Health Carlos III, 48903 Barakaldo, Spain
- CIBER Rare Diseases (CIBERer), Institute of Health Carlos III, 48903 Barakaldo, Spain
- European Reference Network on Rare Endocrine Conditions (ENDO-ERN), 48903 Barakaldo, Spain
| | - Olaia Velasco
- Hospital Universitario Cruces, BIOBIZKAIA Institute of Health, 48903 Barakaldo, Spain (O.V.)
- Department Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Nursing, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 48940 Leioa, Spain
- CIBER Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Diseases (CIBERdem), Institute of Health Carlos III, 48903 Barakaldo, Spain
- CIBER Rare Diseases (CIBERer), Institute of Health Carlos III, 48903 Barakaldo, Spain
- European Reference Network on Rare Endocrine Conditions (ENDO-ERN), 48903 Barakaldo, Spain
| | - María P. Portillo
- BIOARABA Institute of Health, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain;
- CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), Institute of Health Carlos III, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
- Nutrition and Obesity Group, Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Paseo de la Universidad, 7, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
- Lucio Lascaray Research Centre, Avenida Miguel de Unamuno, 3, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
- Department Pharmacy and Food Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
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Kim G, Lee J, Ha J, Kang I, Choe W. Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Its Impact on Adipogenesis: Molecular Mechanisms Implicated. Nutrients 2023; 15:5082. [PMID: 38140341 PMCID: PMC10745682 DOI: 10.3390/nu15245082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress plays a pivotal role in adipogenesis, which encompasses the differentiation of adipocytes and lipid accumulation. Sustained ER stress has the potential to disrupt the signaling of the unfolded protein response (UPR), thereby influencing adipogenesis. This comprehensive review illuminates the molecular mechanisms that underpin the interplay between ER stress and adipogenesis. We delve into the dysregulation of UPR pathways, namely, IRE1-XBP1, PERK and ATF6 in relation to adipocyte differentiation, lipid metabolism, and tissue inflammation. Moreover, we scrutinize how ER stress impacts key adipogenic transcription factors such as proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) and CCAAT-enhancer-binding proteins (C/EBPs) along with their interaction with other signaling pathways. The cellular ramifications include alterations in lipid metabolism, dysregulation of adipokines, and aged adipose tissue inflammation. We also discuss the potential roles the molecular chaperones cyclophilin A and cyclophilin B play in adipogenesis. By shedding light on the intricate relationship between ER stress and adipogenesis, this review paves the way for devising innovative therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gyuhui Kim
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea; (G.K.); (J.H.); (I.K.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiyoon Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences, Franklin College of Arts and Sciences, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30609, USA;
| | - Joohun Ha
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea; (G.K.); (J.H.); (I.K.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Insug Kang
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea; (G.K.); (J.H.); (I.K.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Wonchae Choe
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea; (G.K.); (J.H.); (I.K.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
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Buyukdere Y, Akyol A. From a toxin to an obesogen: a review of potential obesogenic roles of acrylamide with a mechanistic approach. Nutr Rev 2023; 82:128-142. [PMID: 37155834 PMCID: PMC10711450 DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuad041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity and obesity-related disorders such as cancer, type 2 diabetes, and fatty liver have become a global health problem. It is well known that the primary cause of obesity is positive energy balance. In addition, obesity is the consequence of complex gene and environment interactions that result in excess calorie intake being stored as fat. However, it has been revealed that there are other factors contributing to the worsening of obesity. The presence of nontraditional risk factors, such as environmental endocrine-disrupting chemicals, has recently been associated with obesity and comorbidities caused by obesity. The aim of this review was to examine the evidence and potential mechanisms for acrylamide having endocrine-disrupting properties contributing to obesity and obesity-related comorbidities. Recent studies have suggested that exposure to environmental endocrine-disrupting obesogens may be a risk factor contributing to the current obesity epidemic, and that one of these obesogens is acrylamide, an environmental and industrial compound produced by food processing, particularly the processing of foods such as potato chips, and coffee. In addition to the known harmful effects of acrylamide in humans and experimental animals, such as neurotoxicity, genotoxicity, and carcinogenicity, acrylamide also has an obesogenic effect. It has been shown in the literature to a limited extent that acrylamide may disrupt energy metabolism, lipid metabolism, adipogenesis, adipocyte differentiation, and various signaling pathways, and may exacerbate the disturbances in metabolic and biochemical parameters observed as a result of obesity. Acrylamide exerts its main potential obesogenic effects through body weight increase, worsening of the levels of obesity-related blood biomarkers, and induction of adipocyte differentiation and adipogenesis. Additional mechanisms may be discovered. Further experimental studies and prospective cohorts are needed, both to supplement existing knowledge about acrylamide and its effects, and to clarify its established relationship with obesity and its comorbidities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yucel Buyukdere
- are with the Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Asli Akyol
- are with the Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
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18
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Sierawska O, Sawczuk M. Interaction between Selected Adipokines and Musculoskeletal and Cardiovascular Systems: A Review of Current Knowledge. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:17287. [PMID: 38139115 PMCID: PMC10743430 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242417287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Adipokines are substances secreted by adipose tissue that are receiving increasing attention. The approach to adipose tissue has changed in recent years, and it is no longer looked at as just a storage organ but its secretion and how it influences systems in the human body are also looked at. The role of adipokine seems crucial in developing future therapies for pathologies of selected systems. In this study, we look at selected adipokines, leptin, adiponectin, chemerin, resistin, omentin-1, nesfatin, irisin-1, visfatin, apelin, vaspin, heparin-binding EGF-like growth factor (HB-EGF), and TGF-β2, and how they affect systems in the human body related to physical activity such as the musculoskeletal and cardiovascular systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Sierawska
- Institute of Physical Culture Sciences, University of Szczecin, 71-065 Szczecin, Poland;
- Doctoral School, University of Szczecin, 70-384 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Marek Sawczuk
- Institute of Physical Culture Sciences, University of Szczecin, 71-065 Szczecin, Poland;
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Froń A, Orczyk-Pawiłowicz M. Understanding the Immunological Quality of Breast Milk in Maternal Overweight and Obesity. Nutrients 2023; 15:5016. [PMID: 38140275 PMCID: PMC10746120 DOI: 10.3390/nu15245016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Maternal obesity, affecting many pregnant women globally, not only poses immediate health risks but also modulates breast milk composition. Obesity is linked to inflammation and oxidative stress, impacting breast milk's immune properties. This paper explores the intricate relationship between maternal metabolic disorders, such as obesity, and breast milk's immunological components. We conducted a thorough search for original and review articles published until 17 October 2023 in the PUBMED/Scopus database. This search included several terms related to human breast milk, immunological properties, and obesity. Articles were selected with the consensus of all authors. Maternal metabolic disorders have discernible effects on the composition of immune-related components in breast milk, such as immunoglobulins, lactoferrin, leptin, ghrelin, adiponectin, C-reactive protein, growth factors, extracellular vesicles, and lymphocytes. These changes in breast milk composition can significantly impact the newborn's immune system, with potential long-term health implications beyond the immediate postnatal period. Maternal metabolic health is a critical factor in shaping the health trajectory of the neonate through breastfeeding, although the full advantages of breastfeeding for children of mothers with obesity remain uncertain. Ongoing research aims to understand and unravel these links.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anita Froń
- Division of Chemistry and Immunochemistry, Department of Biochemistry and Immunochemistry, Wroclaw Medical University, M. Skłodowskiej-Curie 48/50, 50-369 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Magdalena Orczyk-Pawiłowicz
- Division of Chemistry and Immunochemistry, Department of Biochemistry and Immunochemistry, Wroclaw Medical University, M. Skłodowskiej-Curie 48/50, 50-369 Wroclaw, Poland
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Guo H, Cheng L, Duolikun D, Yao Q. Aerobic Exercise Training Under Normobaric Hypoxic Conditions to Improve Glucose and Lipid Metabolism in Overweight and Obese Individuals: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. High Alt Med Biol 2023; 24:312-320. [PMID: 38127802 DOI: 10.1089/ham.2022.0099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Guo, Hai, Linjie Cheng, Dilihumaier Duolikun, and Qiaoling Yao. Aerobic exercise training under normobaric hypoxic conditions to improve glucose and lipid metabolism in overweight and obese individuals: a systematic review and meta-analysis. High Alt Med Biol. 24:312-320, 2023. Background: Obesity is a critical public health issue around the world, reaching epidemic proportions in some countries. However, only a few studies have examined the effects of hypoxic training on metabolic parameters in an obese population. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to determine the effects of aerobic exercise training under normobaric hypoxic conditions versus normoxic training in improving glucose and lipid metabolism in obese individuals. Methods: A systematic search of PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, and Wan Fang databases (up to August 2021) was performed to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of overweight or obese human subjects eligible for inclusion. Main study endpoints were changes in body mass index (BMI), waist/hip (W/H) ratio, leptin, blood glucose and insulin levels, as well as blood lipids between hypoxic and normoxic conditioning. Results: Fourteen RCTs with a total of 413 subjects qualified for inclusion. Pooled analyses revealed that BMI (d = 0.38), W/H ratio (d = 0), blood glucose (d = 0.01), and triglyceride (d = -2.27) were not significantly different between aerobic exercise training under hypoxic and normoxic conditions. However, significant differences were found in heart rate at rest (d = -4.50) between aerobic exercise training under hypoxic versus normoxic conditions. Conclusions: In conclusion, no significant benefits were noted in aerobic exercise training under hypoxic conditions over normoxic conditions in overweight or obese individuals. However, the maximum training heart rate mm was significantly higher under hypoxic conditions than under normoxic conditions. Future studies with larger samples controlling for exercise-related parameters, and addressing the potential modifying effects of level of hypoxia, sex, or age on the role of hypoxic exercise training are warranted. PROSPERO registration number: CRD42020221680.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai Guo
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
- Xinjiang Perioperative Organ Protection Laboratory, Urumqi, China
| | - Linjie Cheng
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Dilihumaier Duolikun
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Qiaoling Yao
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Endemic Diseases, Urumqi, China
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asia, Urumqi, China
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21
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Dincă VG, Diaconu A, Coculescu BI, Dincă AL, Ciuc DM, Bîrlă RD, Marica CD, Tudorache SI, Manole G, Coculescu EC. Adiponectin - stratification biomarker in diastolic cardiac dysfunction. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2023; 38:2171030. [PMID: 36691932 PMCID: PMC9879170 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2023.2171030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
This study does not propose to elucidate how adiponectin secretion is regulated, but how its adiponectin concentration is an indicator of heart disease. About adiponectin, it is not known whether it is functionally an enzyme, or very likely a cytokine/chemokine/hormone, secreted by fat cells/adipocytes in the abdomen. Abdominal fat secretes 67 hormones, and all of which cause disease. For example, adiponectin generates diabetes and ischaemic heart disease via dyslipidemia. Based on clinical symptoms, electrocardiographic and echocardiographic parameters, a group of 208 patients with diastolic cardiac dysfunction with or without preserved systolic function, developed on a background of painful chronic ischaemic heart disease, stable angina on exertion, was constituted. The serum levels of adiponectin, total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, HDL cholesterol and triglycerides were measured. Using the identified values, it was appreciated whether adiponectin correlates with the type of any of the two conditions, so that it can be recognised as a diagnostic and risk stratification marker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeriu-Gabi Dincă
- Faculty of Medicine, Titu Maiorescu University Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania,CF2 Clinical Hospital Bucharest, Romania
| | - Adriana Diaconu
- Faculty of Medicine, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania,Fundeni Clinical Institute, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Bogdan-Ioan Coculescu
- Faculty of Midwifery and Nursing, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania,Cantacuzino National Medico-Military Institute for Research and Development, Bucharest, Romania,CONTACT Bogdan-Ioan Coculescu Faculty of Midwifery and Nursing, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eroii Sanitari Bvd., no. 8, sector 5, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Alexandra-Ligia Dincă
- Faculty of Medicine, Titu Maiorescu University Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania,CF2 Clinical Hospital Bucharest, Romania
| | - Diana Mihaela Ciuc
- Faculty of Medicine, Titu Maiorescu University Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania,CF2 Clinical Hospital Bucharest, Romania
| | - Rodica Daniela Bîrlă
- Faculty of Medicine, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania,Sf. Maria Clinical Hospital, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Cristian Daniel Marica
- Faculty of Medicine, Titu Maiorescu University Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania,CF2 Clinical Hospital Bucharest, Romania
| | | | - Gheorghe Manole
- Faculty of General Nursing, Bioterra University, Bucharest, Romania,Romanian Academy of Medical Sciences
| | - Elena Claudia Coculescu
- Faculty of Dental Medicine, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
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Pelczyńska M, Miller-Kasprzak E, Piątkowski M, Mazurek R, Klause M, Suchecka A, Bucoń M, Bogdański P. The Role of Adipokines and Myokines in the Pathogenesis of Different Obesity Phenotypes-New Perspectives. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:2046. [PMID: 38136166 PMCID: PMC10740719 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12122046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 11/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a characteristic disease of the twenty-first century that is affecting an increasing percentage of society. Obesity expresses itself in different phenotypes: normal-weight obesity (NWO), metabolically obese normal-weight (MONW), metabolically healthy obesity (MHO), and metabolically unhealthy obesity (MUO). A range of pathophysiological mechanisms underlie the occurrence of obesity, including inflammation, oxidative stress, adipokine secretion, and other processes related to the pathophysiology of adipose tissue (AT). Body mass index (BMI) is the key indicator in the diagnosis of obesity; however, in the case of the NWO and MONW phenotypes, the metabolic disturbances are present despite BMI being within the normal range. On the other hand, MHO subjects with elevated BMI values do not present metabolic abnormalities. The MUO phenotype involves both a high BMI value and an abnormal metabolic profile. In this regard, attention has been focused on the variety of molecules produced by AT and their role in the development of obesity. Nesfatin-1, neuregulin 4, myonectin, irisin, and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) all seem to have protective effects against obesity. The primary mechanism underlying the action of nesfatin-1 involves an increase in insulin sensitivity and reduced food intake. Neuregulin 4 sup-presses lipogenesis, decreases lipid accumulation, and reduces chronic low-grade inflammation. Myonectin lowers the amount of fatty acids in the bloodstream by increasing their absorption in the liver and AT. Irisin stimulates the browning of white adipose tissue (WAT) and consequently in-creases energy expenditure, additionally regulating glucose metabolism. Another molecule, BDNF, has anorexigenic effects. Decorin protects against the development of hyperglycemia, but may also contribute to proinflammatory processes. Similar effects are shown in the case of visfatin and chemerin, which may predispose to obesity. Visfatin increases adipogenesis, causes cholesterol accumulation in macrophages, and contributes to the development of glucose intolerance. Chemerin induces angiogenesis, which promotes the expansion of AT. This review aims to discuss the role of adipokines and myokines in the pathogenesis of the different obesity phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Pelczyńska
- Chair and Department of Treatment of Obesity, Metabolic Disorders and Clinical Dietetics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 84 Szamarzewskiego Street, 60-569 Poznań, Poland; (E.M.-K.); (P.B.)
| | - Ewa Miller-Kasprzak
- Chair and Department of Treatment of Obesity, Metabolic Disorders and Clinical Dietetics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 84 Szamarzewskiego Street, 60-569 Poznań, Poland; (E.M.-K.); (P.B.)
| | - Marcin Piątkowski
- Faculty of Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 70 Bukowska Street, 60-812 Poznań, Poland
| | - Roksana Mazurek
- Faculty of Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 70 Bukowska Street, 60-812 Poznań, Poland
| | - Mateusz Klause
- Faculty of Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 70 Bukowska Street, 60-812 Poznań, Poland
| | - Anna Suchecka
- Faculty of Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 70 Bukowska Street, 60-812 Poznań, Poland
| | - Magdalena Bucoń
- Faculty of Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 70 Bukowska Street, 60-812 Poznań, Poland
| | - Paweł Bogdański
- Chair and Department of Treatment of Obesity, Metabolic Disorders and Clinical Dietetics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 84 Szamarzewskiego Street, 60-569 Poznań, Poland; (E.M.-K.); (P.B.)
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23
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Turpin T, Thouvenot K, Gonthier MP. Adipokines and Bacterial Metabolites: A Pivotal Molecular Bridge Linking Obesity and Gut Microbiota Dysbiosis to Target. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1692. [PMID: 38136564 PMCID: PMC10742113 DOI: 10.3390/biom13121692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Adipokines are essential mediators produced by adipose tissue and exert multiple biological functions. In particular, adiponectin, leptin, resistin, IL-6, MCP-1 and PAI-1 play specific roles in the crosstalk between adipose tissue and other organs involved in metabolic, immune and vascular health. During obesity, adipokine imbalance occurs and leads to a low-grade pro-inflammatory status, promoting insulin resistance-related diabetes and its vascular complications. A causal link between obesity and gut microbiota dysbiosis has been demonstrated. The deregulation of gut bacteria communities characterizing this dysbiosis influences the synthesis of bacterial substances including lipopolysaccharides and specific metabolites, generated via the degradation of dietary components, such as short-chain fatty acids, trimethylamine metabolized into trimethylamine-oxide in the liver and indole derivatives. Emerging evidence suggests that these bacterial metabolites modulate signaling pathways involved in adipokine production and action. This review summarizes the current knowledge about the molecular links between gut bacteria-derived metabolites and adipokine imbalance in obesity, and emphasizes their roles in key pathological mechanisms related to oxidative stress, inflammation, insulin resistance and vascular disorder. Given this interaction between adipokines and bacterial metabolites, the review highlights their relevance (i) as complementary clinical biomarkers to better explore the metabolic, inflammatory and vascular complications during obesity and gut microbiota dysbiosis, and (ii) as targets for new antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and prebiotic triple action strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Marie-Paule Gonthier
- Université de La Réunion, INSERM, UMR 1188 Diabète Athérothrombose Thérapies Réunion Océan Indien (DéTROI), 97410 Saint-Pierre, La Réunion, France; (T.T.); (K.T.)
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24
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Hussein AA, Ahmed NA, Sakr HI, Atia T, Ahmed OM. Omentin roles in physiology and pathophysiology: an up-to-date comprehensive review. Arch Physiol Biochem 2023:1-14. [PMID: 37994431 DOI: 10.1080/13813455.2023.2283685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
Omentin (intelectin) was first detected in the visceral omental adipose tissue. It has mainly two isoforms, omentin-1 and -2, with isoform-1 being the main form in human blood. It possesses insulin-sensitizing, anti-inflammatory, anti-atherogenic, cardio-protective, and oxidative stress-decreasing effects. Omentin's cardiovascular protective actions are caused by the improved endothelial cell survival and function, increased endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) and nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability, enhanced vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) relaxation with reduced proliferation, decreased inflammation, and suppressed oxidative stress. Omentin may also have a potential role in different cancer types and rheumatic diseases. Thus, omentin is an excellent therapeutic target in many diseases, including diabetes mellitus (DM), metabolic syndrome (MetS), cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), inflammatory diseases, and cancer. This review demonstrates the physiological functions of omentin in ameliorating insulin resistance (IR), vascular function, and inflammation and its possible share in managing obesity-linked diseases, such as metabolic disorders, DM, and cardiovascular conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aida A Hussein
- Zoology Department, Physiology Division, Faculty of Science, Suez University, Suez, Egypt
| | - Noha A Ahmed
- Department of Zoology, Physiology Division, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni Suef, Egypt
| | - Hader I Sakr
- Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
- Department of Medical Physiology, General Medicine Practice Program, Batterjee Medical College, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tarek Atia
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Osama M Ahmed
- Department of Zoology, Physiology Division, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni Suef, Egypt
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25
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Nayyar D, Yan X, Xu G, Shi M, Garnham AP, Mathai ML, McAinch AJ. Gynostemma Pentaphyllum Increases Exercise Performance and Alters Mitochondrial Respiration and AMPK in Healthy Males. Nutrients 2023; 15:4721. [PMID: 38004115 PMCID: PMC10675532 DOI: 10.3390/nu15224721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
This research aimed to determine the effects of Gynostemma pentaphyllum (G. pentaphyllum) on exercise performance, AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), and mitochondrial signaling in human muscle. This randomized double-blind placebo control crossover study provided placebo or 450 mg of G. pentaphyllum dried leaf extract equivalent to 2.25 g of dry leaf per day for four weeks to 16 healthy untrained young males, separated by four weeks wash-out. Following 4-week supplementation with G. pentaphyllum, participants had significantly lower leptin and blood glucose levels and improved time trial performance over 20 km, which corresponded with a higher muscle oxygen flux compared to placebo. Muscle AMPK Thr172 phosphorylation significantly increased after 60 min exercise following G. pentaphyllum supplementation. AMPK Thr172 phosphorylation levels relative to total AMPK increased earlier following exercise with G. pentaphyllum compared to placebo. Total ACC-α was lower following G. pentaphyllum supplementation compared to placebo. While further research is warranted, G. pentaphyllum supplementation improved exercise performance in healthy untrained males, which corresponded with improved mitochondrial respiration, altered AMPK and ACC, and decreased plasma leptin and glucose levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepti Nayyar
- Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, P.O. Box 14428, Melbourne, VIC 8001, Australia; (D.N.); (X.Y.); (M.S.); (A.P.G.); (M.L.M.)
| | - Xu Yan
- Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, P.O. Box 14428, Melbourne, VIC 8001, Australia; (D.N.); (X.Y.); (M.S.); (A.P.G.); (M.L.M.)
- Australian Institute for Musculoskeletal Science (AIMSS), Victoria University, P.O. Box 14428, Melbourne, VIC 8001, Australia
| | - Guoqin Xu
- College of Exercise and Health, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou 510500, China;
| | - Min Shi
- Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, P.O. Box 14428, Melbourne, VIC 8001, Australia; (D.N.); (X.Y.); (M.S.); (A.P.G.); (M.L.M.)
| | - Andrew P. Garnham
- Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, P.O. Box 14428, Melbourne, VIC 8001, Australia; (D.N.); (X.Y.); (M.S.); (A.P.G.); (M.L.M.)
| | - Michael L. Mathai
- Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, P.O. Box 14428, Melbourne, VIC 8001, Australia; (D.N.); (X.Y.); (M.S.); (A.P.G.); (M.L.M.)
| | - Andrew J. McAinch
- Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, P.O. Box 14428, Melbourne, VIC 8001, Australia; (D.N.); (X.Y.); (M.S.); (A.P.G.); (M.L.M.)
- Australian Institute for Musculoskeletal Science (AIMSS), Victoria University, P.O. Box 14428, Melbourne, VIC 8001, Australia
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Chobe MP, Nanjundaiah RM, Chobe S, Raghuram N. Effect of yoga on adipokine levels among overweight and obese people: A systematic review. J Ayurveda Integr Med 2023; 14:100813. [PMID: 38041935 PMCID: PMC10711476 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaim.2023.100813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2021] [Revised: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adipokines have an important role in the pathophysiology of overweight and obesity and associated inflammatory diseases. OBJECTIVE The present review aims to evaluate the role of Yoga on adipokines among people with overweight and obesity. METHODS Authors performed a systematic search for relevant research studies as per the PRISMA guidelines in Google Scholar, Medline/Pubmed, Scopus, Web of Science, PsychInfo electronic databases. Two independent authors conducted the selection of articles, data extraction, assessment of the risk of bias for individual studies. Any disagreements were resolved by discussion with the third author. RESULTS Eight randomized trials and four uncontrolled trials involving a total of 1054 participants were included. Yoga with varying frequencies was administered for different durations. The studied adipokines among overweight and obese were leptin, adiponectin, interleukin-6 (IL-6), Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), chemerin, visfatin, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), and transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β). The methodological quality of the included studies was low to moderate on the Cochrane risk of bias tool and Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale. The higher the frequency and duration of Yoga practice, the more significant changes in the adipokine levels were seen. CONCLUSION The present review indicates that Yoga practices positively impacts adipokines among people with overweight and obesity. However, the present study precludes the generalizability of results due to the methodological heterogeneity, the type of Yoga intervention, and settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meenakshi P Chobe
- Division of Yoga and Life Sciences, Swami Vivekananda Yoga Anusandhana Samsthana (SVYASA University), Bengaluru, India; Department of Yoga, Central University of Rajasthan, Ajmer, India
| | - Ramesh Mavathur Nanjundaiah
- Division of Yoga and Life Sciences, Swami Vivekananda Yoga Anusandhana Samsthana (SVYASA University), Bengaluru, India
| | - Shivaji Chobe
- Division of Yoga and Life Sciences, Swami Vivekananda Yoga Anusandhana Samsthana (SVYASA University), Bengaluru, India; Department of Yoga, Central University of Rajasthan, Ajmer, India.
| | - Nagaratna Raghuram
- Division of Yoga and Life Sciences, Swami Vivekananda Yoga Anusandhana Samsthana (SVYASA University), Bengaluru, India
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Baichuan Y, Gomes Reis M, Tavakoli S, Khodadadi N, Sohouli MH, Sernizon Guimarães N. The effects of NAD+ precursor (nicotinic acid and nicotinamide) supplementation on weight loss and related hormones: a systematic review and meta-regression analysis of randomized controlled trials. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1208734. [PMID: 37854354 PMCID: PMC10579603 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1208734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Despite the fact that obesity and overweight are serious major health problems worldwide, fighting against them is also considered a challenging issue. Several interventional studies have evaluated the potential weight-reduction effect of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) precursor. In order to obtain a better viewpoint from them, this study aimed to comprehensively investigate the effects of NAD+ precursor supplementation on weight loss, adiponectin, and leptin. Methods Scopus, PubMed/Medline, Web of Science, Cochrane, and Embase databases were searched using standard keywords to identify all controlled trials investigating the weight loss and related hormones effects of NAD+ precursor. Pooled weighted mean difference and 95% confidence intervals were achieved by random-effects model analysis for the best estimation of outcomes. Results Twenty two treatment arms with 5,144 participants' were included in this systematic review and meta-regression analysis. The pooled findings showed that NAD+ precursor supplementation has an effect on lowering BMI (weighted mean difference (WMD): -0.19 kg/m2, 95% confidence interval (CI): -0.29 to -0.09, p < 0.001) and increasing adiponectin (WMD: 1.59 μg/mL, 95% CI: 0.49 to 2.68, p = 0.004) in humans compared with control groups. However, no significant effect was observed on body weight and leptin. There was a significant relationship between doses of intervention with changes in BMI. In addition, subgroup analysis showed that BMI reduction was greater when receiving nicotinic acid (NA) supplementation than nicotinamide (NE) supplementation. Conclusion NAD+ precursor had significant effects on weight management with the reduction of BMI and increasing adiponectin.
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Affiliation(s)
- You Baichuan
- SDU-ANU Joint Science College, Shandong University, Weihai, China
| | - Marcela Gomes Reis
- Master in Health Science at Faculdade Ciências Médicas de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- OPENS: Observatory of Epidemiology, Nutrition and Health Research, Faculdade Ciências Médicas de Minas Gerais/FELUMA, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Sogand Tavakoli
- Student Research Committee, Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Navideh Khodadadi
- Student Research Committee, Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hassan Sohouli
- Student Research Committee, Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nathalia Sernizon Guimarães
- OPENS: Observatory of Epidemiology, Nutrition and Health Research, Faculdade Ciências Médicas de Minas Gerais/FELUMA, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- Faculdade Ciências Médicas de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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28
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Kleniewska P, Pawliczak R. Alpha-lipoic acid, apocynin or probiotics influence glutathione status and selected inflammatory parameters in C57/BL6 mice when combined with a low-fat diet. Pharmacol Rep 2023; 75:1166-1176. [PMID: 37730940 PMCID: PMC10539412 DOI: 10.1007/s43440-023-00527-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of the study was to determine the potential of a low-fat diet (LFD) to protect against oxidative and inflammatory damage in the course of asthma and obesity when combined with antioxidants (alpha-lipoic acid-ALA, apocynin-APO) or a probiotic (P) (Lactobacillus casei). METHODS The experiments were carried out on ten groups of male C57/BL6 mice that were fed standard fat (SFD), low-fat (LFD), or high-fat (HFD) diets. Ovalbumin (OVA, administered subcutaneously and by inhalation) was used to sensitize the animals. IL-1α, IL-10, eotaxin-1, leptin, and TNF-α concentrations were examined in blood, while total glutathione (GSHt), reduced glutathione (GSH), oxidized glutathione (GSSG) and -SH groups were measured in lung homogenates. RESULTS LFD in combination with the analyzed compounds (APO, P, ALA) significantly decreased the concentration of IL-1α compared to the OVA + HFD group (p < 0.01; p = 0.025; p = 0.002, respectively). Similarly, the treated mice demonstrated lower eotaxin-1 concentrations compared to the HFD group (p < 0.001). Moreover, supplementation of LFD with probiotics significantly increased the concentration of IL-10 vs. controls (p < 0.001) and vs. untreated OVA-sensitized and challenged/obese mice (p < 0.001). Animals administered APO/ALA with LFD displayed a significant decrease in TNF-α concentration compared to OVA + HFD mice (p = 0.013; p = 0.002 respectively). Those treated with ALA displayed significantly improved GSH levels (p = 0.035) compared to OVA + HFD mice. CONCLUSIONS Supplementation of the tested compounds with LFD appears to have a positive influence on the glutathione redox status of pulmonary tissues and selected inflammatory parameters in mouse blood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulina Kleniewska
- Department of Immunopathology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, Żeligowskiego 7/9 (Bldg 2 Rm 177), 90-752, Łódź, Poland.
| | - Rafał Pawliczak
- Department of Immunopathology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, Żeligowskiego 7/9 (Bldg 2 Rm 177), 90-752, Łódź, Poland
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Perdomo CM, Avilés-Olmos I, Dicker D, Frühbeck G. Towards an adiposity-related disease framework for the diagnosis and management of obesities. Rev Endocr Metab Disord 2023; 24:795-807. [PMID: 37162651 PMCID: PMC10492748 DOI: 10.1007/s11154-023-09797-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Obesity is a complex disease that relapses frequently and associates with multiple complications that comprise a worldwide health priority because of its rising prevalence and association with numerous complications, including metabolic disorders, mechanic pathologies, and cancer, among others. Noteworthy, excess adiposity is accompanied by chronic inflammation, oxidative stress, insulin resistance, and subsequent organ dysfunction. This dysfunctional adipose tissue is initially stored in the visceral depot, overflowing subsequently to produce lipotoxicity in ectopic depots like liver, heart, muscle, and pancreas, among others. People living with obesity need a diagnostic approach that considers an exhaustive pathophysiology and complications assessment. Thus, it is essential to warrant a holistic diagnosis and management that guarantees an adequate health status, and quality of life. The present review summarizes the different complications associated with obesity, at the same time, we aim to fostering a novel framework that enhances a patient-centered approach to obesity management in the precision medicine era.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina M Perdomo
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition. Clínica, Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- IdiSNA (Instituto de Investigación en la Salud de Navarra), Pamplona, Spain
- CIBEROBN, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Icíar Avilés-Olmos
- IdiSNA (Instituto de Investigación en la Salud de Navarra), Pamplona, Spain
- Department of Neurology, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Dror Dicker
- Department of Internal Medicine D, Rabin Medical Center, Hasharon Hospital, Petah Tikva, Israel
- Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Gema Frühbeck
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition. Clínica, Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.
- IdiSNA (Instituto de Investigación en la Salud de Navarra), Pamplona, Spain.
- CIBEROBN, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
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Almanza-Aguilera E, Cano A, Gil-Lespinard M, Burguera N, Zamora-Ros R, Agudo A, Farràs M. Mediterranean diet and olive oil, microbiota, and obesity-related cancers. From mechanisms to prevention. Semin Cancer Biol 2023; 95:103-119. [PMID: 37543179 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2023.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Revised: 07/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/07/2023]
Abstract
Olive oil (OO) is the main source of added fat in the Mediterranean diet (MD). It is a mix of bioactive compounds, including monounsaturated fatty acids, phytosterols, simple phenols, secoiridoids, flavonoids, and terpenoids. There is a growing body of evidence that MD and OO improve obesity-related factors. In addition, obesity has been associated with an increased risk for several cancers: endometrial, oesophageal adenocarcinoma, renal, pancreatic, hepatocellular, gastric cardia, meningioma, multiple myeloma, colorectal, postmenopausal breast, ovarian, gallbladder, and thyroid cancer. However, the epidemiological evidence linking MD and OO with these obesity-related cancers, and their potential mechanisms of action, especially those involving the gut microbiota, are not clearly described or understood. The goals of this review are 1) to update the current epidemiological knowledge on the associations between MD and OO consumption and obesity-related cancers, 2) to identify the gut microbiota mechanisms involved in obesity-related cancers, and 3) to report the effects of MD and OO on these mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrique Almanza-Aguilera
- Unit of Nutrition and Cancer, Epidemiology Research Program, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), 08908 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Ainara Cano
- Food Research, AZTI, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Parque Tecnológico de Bizkaia, Astondo Bidea, Edificio 609, 48160, Derio, Spain
| | - Mercedes Gil-Lespinard
- Unit of Nutrition and Cancer, Epidemiology Research Program, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), 08908 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Nerea Burguera
- Food Research, AZTI, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Parque Tecnológico de Bizkaia, Astondo Bidea, Edificio 609, 48160, Derio, Spain
| | - Raul Zamora-Ros
- Unit of Nutrition and Cancer, Epidemiology Research Program, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), 08908 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain; Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences, and Gastronomy, Food Innovation Network (XIA), Institute for Research on Nutrition and Food Safety (INSA), Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Antonio Agudo
- Unit of Nutrition and Cancer, Epidemiology Research Program, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), 08908 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Marta Farràs
- Unit of Nutrition and Cancer, Epidemiology Research Program, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), 08908 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain.
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Abbood AH, Majeed Hameed R, Ghazi Al Safi W. Neuregulin 4 in Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS) Phenotypes: A Key Role or Standby. Rep Biochem Mol Biol 2023; 12:359-365. [PMID: 38618267 PMCID: PMC11015924 DOI: 10.61186/rbmb.12.3.359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
Background Neuregulin_4 (NRG4) is one of the adipokines members that synthesize adipose tissues. It has an activating effect on epidermal growth factor receptors (ErbB receptors). NRG4 has indirect effects on the hormonal environment through its interaction to ErbB receptors. Increased insulin resistance and chronic low-grade inflammation may be present when NRG4 levels are high in PCOS. Obesity and polycystic ovarian syndrome have recently gained a lot of attention. However, the literature on the connection between NRG4 and the PCOS phenotype is limited. Thus, this research aimed to identify neuregulin_4's function as a biomarker for insulin resistance in PCOS phenotypes. Methods A case-control study and included 140 female cases effect by different phenotypes of PCOS. Patients samples were collected at the reproductive fertility consultant of the Teaching Hospital for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kerbala health directorate, Iraq. The outpatient clinic serum hormonal levels and insulin concentration were determined by the electrochemiluminescence immunoassay "ECLIA" system. Elisa system was used for the detection of Neuregulin-4 protein level. Results At the early age of participant NRG4 was increased significantly in all phenotypes of PCOS compared to control with a P< 0.05. interestingly, phenotype A was shown high level of NRG4 following phenotype C than phenotype D and phenotype B. Receiver Operator Characteristic Curves (ROC) analysis for NRG4 was performed and showed good diagnostic performers to word phenotype A. Conclusions Females with phenotype A have a higher level of NRG4 than other phenotypes, which could be attributable to the more pronounced metabolic abnormalities in this phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afnan Hayder Abbood
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Kerbala, Kerbala, Iraq.
| | - Rana Majeed Hameed
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Kerbala, Kerbala, Iraq.
| | - Wasan Ghazi Al Safi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, University of Kerbala, Kerbala, Iraq.
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Chávez-Guevara IA, Amaro-Gahete FJ, Osuna-Prieto FJ, Labayen I, Aguilera CM, Ruiz JR. The role of sex in the relationship between fasting adipokines levels, maximal fat oxidation during exercise, and insulin resistance in young adults with excess adiposity. Biochem Pharmacol 2023; 216:115757. [PMID: 37598975 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2023.115757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023]
Abstract
AIM Previous evidence suggest that a sexual dimorphism in exercise fat oxidation and adipokines levels may explain a lower risk of cardio-metabolic disorders in women. Therefore, we investigated the role of sex in the relationship between adipokines levels, maximal fat oxidation (MFO) during exercise and insulin resistance. METHODS Fifty young adults with excess adiposity (31 women; body fat: 38.7 ± 5.3%) were included in this study. The fasting levels of leptin, adiponectin, glucose and insulin were determined from blood samples and the homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR) subsequently calculated. Body fat percentage and visceral adipose tissue (VAT) were assessed through dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry whereas MFO was estimated during an incremental-load exercise test after an overnight fasting through indirect calorimetry. RESULTS Men had lower levels of body fat (d = 1.80), adiponectin (d = 1.35), leptin (d = 0.43) and MFO (d = 1.25) than women. Conversely, men showed higher VAT (d = 0.85) and fasting glucose levels (d = 0.89). No sex differences were observed in HOMA-IR (d = 0.34). Adipokines levels were not associated with MFO in both sexes (r < 0.30), whereas adiponectin levels were inversely related with HOMA-IR in both men (r = -0.58) and women (r = -0.50). Leptin concentration was associated to HOMA-IR only in men (r = 0.41), while no statistically significant relationships were observed between MFO and HOMA-IR in both sexes (r < 0.44). CONCLUSION Insulin resistance was similar between sexes regardless of superior levels of adipokines and MFO during exercise in women. Therefore, adiponectin and leptin may regulate glucose homeostasis without altering whole body fat oxidation rate during exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isaac A Chávez-Guevara
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Biomedical Sciences Institute, Autonomous University of Ciudad Juarez, Chihuahua, Mexico
| | - Francisco J Amaro-Gahete
- Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sports Science, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), University of Granada, Granada, Spain; CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Granada, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria, ibs. Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Francisco J Osuna-Prieto
- Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sports Science, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), University of Granada, Granada, Spain; Research Institute in Health Pere Virgili, University Hospital of Tarragona Joan XXIII, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Idoia Labayen
- CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Granada, Spain; Institute for Sustainability and Food Chain Innovation (ISFOOD), University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; Navarra Institute for Health Research, IdiSNA, Pamplona, Spain; Department of Health Sciences, Public University of Navarra, Campus de Arrosadia, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Concepcion M Aguilera
- CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Granada, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria, ibs. Granada, Granada, Spain; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Granada, Granada, Spain; José Mataix Verdú" Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology (INYTA), Biomedical Research Centre (CIBM), University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Jonatan R Ruiz
- Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sports Science, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), University of Granada, Granada, Spain; CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Granada, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria, ibs. Granada, Granada, Spain.
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Pestel J, Blangero F, Watson J, Pirola L, Eljaafari A. Adipokines in obesity and metabolic-related-diseases. Biochimie 2023; 212:48-59. [PMID: 37068579 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2023.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/19/2023]
Abstract
The discovery of leptin in the 1990s led to a reconsideration of adipose tissue (AT) as not only a fatty acid storage organ, but also a proper endocrine tissue. AT is indeed capable of secreting bioactive molecules called adipokines for white AT or batokines for brown/beige AT, which allow communication with numerous organs, especially brain, heart, liver, pancreas, and/or the vascular system. Adipokines exert pro or anti-inflammatory activities. An equilibrated balance between these two sets ensures homeostasis of numerous tissues and organs. During the development of obesity, AT remodelling leads to an alteration of its endocrine activity, with increased secretion of pro-inflammatory adipokines relative to the anti-inflammatory ones, as shown in the graphical abstract. Pro-inflammatory adipokines take part in the initiation of local and systemic inflammation during obesity and contribute to comorbidities associated to obesity, as detailed in the present review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julien Pestel
- INSERM U1060-CarMeN /Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1/INRAE/ Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1: Laboratoire CarMeN, 165 chemin du Grand Revoyet, CHLS, 69310 Pierre Bénite, France
| | - Ferdinand Blangero
- INSERM U1060-CarMeN /Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1/INRAE/ Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1: Laboratoire CarMeN, 165 chemin du Grand Revoyet, CHLS, 69310 Pierre Bénite, France
| | - Julia Watson
- INSERM U1060-CarMeN /Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1/INRAE/ Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1: Laboratoire CarMeN, 165 chemin du Grand Revoyet, CHLS, 69310 Pierre Bénite, France
| | - Luciano Pirola
- INSERM U1060-CarMeN /Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1/INRAE/ Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1: Laboratoire CarMeN, 165 chemin du Grand Revoyet, CHLS, 69310 Pierre Bénite, France
| | - Assia Eljaafari
- INSERM U1060-CarMeN /Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1/INRAE/ Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1: Laboratoire CarMeN, 165 chemin du Grand Revoyet, CHLS, 69310 Pierre Bénite, France; Hospices Civils de Lyon: 2 quai des Célestins, 69001 Lyon, France.
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Denisenko Y, Novgorodtseva T, Antonyuk M, Yurenko A, Gvozdenko T, Kasyanov S, Ermolenko E, Sultanov R. 1- O-alkyl-glycerols from Squid Berryteuthis magister Reduce Inflammation and Modify Fatty Acid and Plasmalogen Metabolism in Asthma Associated with Obesity. Mar Drugs 2023; 21:351. [PMID: 37367676 DOI: 10.3390/md21060351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2023] [Revised: 06/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Asthma associated with obesity is considered the most severe phenotype and can be challenging to manage with standard medications. Marine-derived 1-O-alkyl-glycerols (AGs), as precursors for plasmalogen synthesis, have high biological activity, making them a promising substance for pharmacology. This study aimed to investigate the effect of AGs from squid Berryteuthis magister on lung function, fatty acid and plasmalogen levels, and cytokine and adipokine production in obese patients with asthma. The investigational trial included 19 patients with mild asthma associated with obesity who received 0.4 g of AGs daily for three months in addition to their standard treatment. The effects of AGs were evaluated at one and three months of treatment. The results of the study demonstrated that intake of AGs increased the FEV1 and FEV1/VC ratios, and significantly decreased the ACQ score in 17 of the 19 patients after three months of treatment. The intake of AGs increased concentration of plasmalogen and n-3 PUFA in plasma, and modified leptin/adiponectin production by adipose tissue. The supplementation of AGs decreased the plasma levels of inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-4, and IL-17a), and oxylipins (TXB2 and LTB4), suggesting an anti-inflammatory property of AGs. In conclusion, 1-O-alkyl-glycerols could be a promising dietary supplement for improving pulmonary function and reducing inflammation in obese asthma patients, and a natural source for plasmalogen synthesis. The study highlighted that the beneficial effects of AG consumption can be observed after one month of treatment, with gradual improvement after three months of supplementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulia Denisenko
- Vladivostok Branch of Far Eastern Scientific Center of Physiology and Pathology of Respiration, Institute of Medical Climatology and Rehabilitative Treatment, 690105 Vladivostok, Russia
| | - Tatyana Novgorodtseva
- Vladivostok Branch of Far Eastern Scientific Center of Physiology and Pathology of Respiration, Institute of Medical Climatology and Rehabilitative Treatment, 690105 Vladivostok, Russia
| | - Marina Antonyuk
- Vladivostok Branch of Far Eastern Scientific Center of Physiology and Pathology of Respiration, Institute of Medical Climatology and Rehabilitative Treatment, 690105 Vladivostok, Russia
| | - Alla Yurenko
- Vladivostok Branch of Far Eastern Scientific Center of Physiology and Pathology of Respiration, Institute of Medical Climatology and Rehabilitative Treatment, 690105 Vladivostok, Russia
| | - Tatyana Gvozdenko
- Vladivostok Branch of Far Eastern Scientific Center of Physiology and Pathology of Respiration, Institute of Medical Climatology and Rehabilitative Treatment, 690105 Vladivostok, Russia
| | - Sergey Kasyanov
- A.V. Zhirmunsky National Scientific Center of Marine Biology (Far Eastern Branch), Russian Academy of Sciences, 17 Palchevskogo Str., 690041 Vladivostok, Russia
| | - Ekaterina Ermolenko
- A.V. Zhirmunsky National Scientific Center of Marine Biology (Far Eastern Branch), Russian Academy of Sciences, 17 Palchevskogo Str., 690041 Vladivostok, Russia
| | - Ruslan Sultanov
- A.V. Zhirmunsky National Scientific Center of Marine Biology (Far Eastern Branch), Russian Academy of Sciences, 17 Palchevskogo Str., 690041 Vladivostok, Russia
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Montes-de-Oca-García A, Perez-Bey A, Corral-Pérez J, Marín-Galindo A, Calderon-Dominguez M, Velázquez-Díaz D, Casals C, Ponce-Gonzalez JG. Influence of Gender on Plasma Leptin Levels, Fat Oxidation, and Insulin Sensitivity in Young Adults: The Mediating Role of Fitness and Fatness. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15112628. [PMID: 37299591 DOI: 10.3390/nu15112628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
It is unknown how plasma leptin affects fat oxidation depending on sex in young adults. Therefore, the present cross-sectional study aimed to examine the associations of plasma leptin with resting fat oxidation (RFO), maximal fat oxidation during exercise (MFO), and insulin sensitivity, considering the different responses in men and women, and the mediating role of fatness and cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF). Sixty-five young adults (22.5 ± 4.3 years; body mass index = 25.2 ± 4.7 kg·m-2, 23 females) participated in this study. Fasting plasma glucose, insulin, and leptin were analyzed. Variables related to insulin resistance (HOMA1-IR, HOMA2-IR), secretion (HOMA-%β), and sensitivity (HOMA-%S, QUICKI) were computed. RFO and MFO were determined through indirect calorimetry. A peak oxygen uptake (VO2peak) test was performed until exhaustion after the MFO test. The MFO was relativized to body mass (MFO-BM) and the legs' lean mass divided by the height squared (MFO-LI). In men, leptin was negatively associated with MFO-BM and positively with HOMA-%β (p ≤ 0.02 in both). In women, leptin was positively associated with RFO and QUICKI, and negatively with MFO-BM (p < 0.05 in all). The association between leptin and MFO was mediated by CRF (p < 0.05), but not by fat mass (p > 0.05). Plasma leptin is associated with fat oxidation and insulin secretion/sensitivity, with different responses within each sex. The association between leptin and fat oxidation is mediated by cardiorespiratory fitness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrián Montes-de-Oca-García
- ExPhy Research Group, Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Education Sciences, University of Cadiz, 11519 Cadiz, Spain
- Unidad de Investigación, Instituto de Investigación e Innovación Biomédica de Cádiz (INiBICA), Hospital Universitario Puerta del Mar, 11009 Cadiz, Spain
| | - Alejandro Perez-Bey
- Unidad de Investigación, Instituto de Investigación e Innovación Biomédica de Cádiz (INiBICA), Hospital Universitario Puerta del Mar, 11009 Cadiz, Spain
- GALENO Research Group, Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Education Sciences, University of Cadiz, 11519 Cadiz, Spain
| | - Juan Corral-Pérez
- ExPhy Research Group, Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Education Sciences, University of Cadiz, 11519 Cadiz, Spain
- Unidad de Investigación, Instituto de Investigación e Innovación Biomédica de Cádiz (INiBICA), Hospital Universitario Puerta del Mar, 11009 Cadiz, Spain
| | - Alberto Marín-Galindo
- ExPhy Research Group, Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Education Sciences, University of Cadiz, 11519 Cadiz, Spain
- Unidad de Investigación, Instituto de Investigación e Innovación Biomédica de Cádiz (INiBICA), Hospital Universitario Puerta del Mar, 11009 Cadiz, Spain
| | - Maria Calderon-Dominguez
- Unidad de Investigación, Instituto de Investigación e Innovación Biomédica de Cádiz (INiBICA), Hospital Universitario Puerta del Mar, 11009 Cadiz, Spain
- Biomedicine, Biotechnology and Public Health Department, University of Cadiz, 11002 Cadiz, Spain
| | - Daniel Velázquez-Díaz
- ExPhy Research Group, Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Education Sciences, University of Cadiz, 11519 Cadiz, Spain
- Unidad de Investigación, Instituto de Investigación e Innovación Biomédica de Cádiz (INiBICA), Hospital Universitario Puerta del Mar, 11009 Cadiz, Spain
- Advent Health Research Institute, Neuroscience Institute, Orlando, FL 32803, USA
| | - Cristina Casals
- ExPhy Research Group, Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Education Sciences, University of Cadiz, 11519 Cadiz, Spain
- Unidad de Investigación, Instituto de Investigación e Innovación Biomédica de Cádiz (INiBICA), Hospital Universitario Puerta del Mar, 11009 Cadiz, Spain
| | - Jesus G Ponce-Gonzalez
- ExPhy Research Group, Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Education Sciences, University of Cadiz, 11519 Cadiz, Spain
- Unidad de Investigación, Instituto de Investigación e Innovación Biomédica de Cádiz (INiBICA), Hospital Universitario Puerta del Mar, 11009 Cadiz, Spain
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Clemente-Suárez VJ, Redondo-Flórez L, Beltrán-Velasco AI, Martín-Rodríguez A, Martínez-Guardado I, Navarro-Jiménez E, Laborde-Cárdenas CC, Tornero-Aguilera JF. The Role of Adipokines in Health and Disease. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11051290. [PMID: 37238961 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11051290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Adipokines are cell-signaling proteins secreted by adipose tissue that has been related to a low-grade state of inflammation and different pathologies. The present review aims to analyze the role of adipokines in health and disease in order to understand the important functions and effects of these cytokines. For this aim, the present review delves into the type of adipocytes and the cytokines produced, as well as their functions; the relations of adipokines in inflammation and different diseases such as cardiovascular, atherosclerosis, mental diseases, metabolic disorders, cancer, and eating behaviors; and finally, the role of microbiota, nutrition, and physical activity in adipokines is discussed. This information would allow for a better understanding of these important cytokines and their effects on body organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Laura Redondo-Flórez
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, C/Tajo s/n, 28670 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Isabel Beltrán-Velasco
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Life and Natural Sciences, University of Nebrija, C/del Hostal, 28248 Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Ismael Martínez-Guardado
- BRABE Group, Department of Psychology, Faculty of Life and Natural Sciences, University of Nebrija, C/del Hostal, 28248 Madrid, Spain
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Guo Y, Liu M, Liu X, Zheng M, Xu X, Liu X, Gong J, Liu H, Liu J. Metagenomic and Untargeted Metabolomic Analysis of the Effect of Sporisorium reilianum Polysaccharide on Improving Obesity. Foods 2023; 12:foods12081578. [PMID: 37107373 PMCID: PMC10137368 DOI: 10.3390/foods12081578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 04/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Gut microbiota plays an important role in the pathophysiology of obesity. Fungal polysaccharide can improve obesity, but the potential mechanism needs further study. This experiment studied the potential mechanism of polysaccharides from Sporisorium reilianum (SRP) to improve obesity in male Sprague Dawley (SD) rats fed with a high-fat diet (HFD) using metagenomics and untargeted metabolomics. After 8 weeks of SRP (100, 200, and 400 mg/kg/day) intervention, we analyzed the related index of obesity, gut microbiota, and untargeted metabolomics of rats. The obesity and serum lipid levels of rats treated with SRP were reduced, and lipid accumulation in the liver and adipocyte hypertrophy was improved, especially in rats treated with a high dose of SRP. SRP improved the composition and function of gut microbiota in rats fed with a high-fat diet, and decreased the ratio of Firmicutes to Bacteroides at the phylum level. At the genus level, the abundance of Lactobacillus increased and that of Bacteroides decreased. At the species level, the abundance of Lactobacillus crispatus, Lactobacillus helveticus, and Lactobacillus acidophilus increased, while the abundance of Lactobacillus reuteri and Staphylococcus xylosus decreased. The function of gut microbiota mainly regulated lipid metabolism and amino acid metabolism. The untargeted metabolomics indicated that 36 metabolites were related to the anti-obesity effect of SRP. Furthermore, linoleic acid metabolism, phenylalanine, tyrosine, and tryptophan biosynthesis, and the phenylalanine metabolism pathway played a role in improving obesity in those treated with SRP. The study results suggest that SRP significantly alleviated obesity via gut-microbiota-related metabolic pathways, and SRP could be used for the prevention and treatment of obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunlong Guo
- National Engineering Research Center for Wheat and Corn Deep Processing, College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
- Jilin Ginseng Academy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, China
| | - Meihong Liu
- National Engineering Research Center for Wheat and Corn Deep Processing, College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Xin Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, China
| | - Mingzhu Zheng
- National Engineering Research Center for Wheat and Corn Deep Processing, College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Xiuying Xu
- National Engineering Research Center for Wheat and Corn Deep Processing, College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Xiaokang Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, China
| | - Jiyu Gong
- College of Pharmacy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, China
| | - Huimin Liu
- National Engineering Research Center for Wheat and Corn Deep Processing, College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Jingsheng Liu
- National Engineering Research Center for Wheat and Corn Deep Processing, College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
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Mokgalaboni K, Phoswa WN. Corchorus olitorius extract exhibit anti-hyperglycemic and anti-inflammatory properties in rodent models of obesity and diabetes mellitus. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1099880. [PMID: 37090773 PMCID: PMC10113448 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1099880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 04/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2D) are chronic conditions with detrimental impacts on the overall health of individuals. Presently, the use of pharmacological agents in obesity and T2D offers limited benefits and pose side effects. This warrant studies on remedies that are less toxic and inexpensive while effective in ameliorating secondary complications in obesity and T2D. Plant-based remedies have been explored increasingly due to their remarkable properties and safety profile. We searched for pre-clinical evidence published from inception until 2023 on PubMed, Scopus, Google, and Semantic scholar on Corchorus olitorius (C. olitorius) in both obesity and T2D. Our focus was to understand the beneficial impact of this plant-based remedy on basic glycemic, lipid, inflammatory, and biomarkers of oxidative stress. The evidence gathered in this review suggests that C. olitorius treatment may significantly reduce blood glucose, body weight, total cholesterol, triglycerides, and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) in concomitant with increasing high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-c) in rodent models of obesity and T2D. Interestingly, this effect was consistent with the reduction of malonaldehyde, superoxide dismutase and catalases, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukins, and leptin. Some of the mechanisms by which C. olitorius reduces blood glucose levels is through stimulation of insulin secretion, increasing β-cell proliferation, thus promoting insulin sensitivity; the process which is mediated by ascorbic acid present in this plant. C. olitorius anti-hyperlipidemia is attributable to the content of ferulic acid found in this plant, which inhibits 3-Hydroxy-3-methyl glutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase inhibitors and thus results in reduced synthesis of cholesterol and increased hepatic LDL-c receptor expression, respectively. The present review provides extensive knowledge and further highlights the potential benefits of C. olitorius on basic metabolic parameters, lipid profile, inflammation, and oxidative stress in rodent models of obesity and T2D.
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Brzecka A, Martynowicz H, Daroszewski C, Majchrzak M, Ejma M, Misiuk-Hojło M, Somasundaram SG, Kirkland CE, Kosacka M. The Modulation of Adipokines, Adipomyokines, and Sleep Disorders on Carcinogenesis. J Clin Med 2023; 12:jcm12072655. [PMID: 37048738 PMCID: PMC10094938 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12072655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2023] [Revised: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity and sarcopenia, i.e., decreased skeletal muscle mass and function, are global health challenges. Moreover, people with obesity and sedentary lifestyles often have sleep disorders. Despite the potential associations, metabolic disturbances linking obesity, sarcopenia, and sleep disorders with cancer are neither well-defined nor understood fully. Abnormal levels of adipokines and adipomyokines originating from both adipose tissue and skeletal muscles are observed in some patients with obesity, sarcopenia and sleep disorders, as well as in cancer patients. This warrants investigation with respect to carcinogenesis. Adipokines and adipomyokines may exert either pro-carcinogenic or anti-carcinogenic effects. These factors, acting independently or together, may significantly modulate the incidence and progression of cancer. This review indicates that one of the possible pathways influencing the development of cancer may be the mutual relationship between obesity and/or sarcopenia, sleep quantity and quality, and adipokines/adipomyokines excretion. Taking into account the high proportion of persons with obesity and sedentary lifestyles, as well as the associations of these conditions with sleep disturbances, more attention should be paid to the individual and combined effects on cancer pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Brzecka
- Department of Pulmonology and Lung Oncology, Wroclaw Medical University, Grabiszyńska 105, 53-439 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Helena Martynowicz
- Department of Internal and Occupational Diseases, Hypertension and Clinical Oncology, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 213, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Cyryl Daroszewski
- Department of Pulmonology and Lung Oncology, Wroclaw Medical University, Grabiszyńska 105, 53-439 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Maciej Majchrzak
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Wroclaw Medical University, Ludwika Pasteura 1, Grabiszyńska105, 53-439 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Maria Ejma
- Department of Neurology, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 213, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Marta Misiuk-Hojło
- Department of Ophthalmology, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 213, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Siva G. Somasundaram
- Department of Biological Sciences, Salem University, 223 West Main Street, Salem, WV 26426, USA
| | - Cecil E. Kirkland
- Department of Biological Sciences, Salem University, 223 West Main Street, Salem, WV 26426, USA
| | - Monika Kosacka
- Department of Pulmonology and Lung Oncology, Wroclaw Medical University, Grabiszyńska 105, 53-439 Wroclaw, Poland
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Dominguez LJ, Veronese N, Di Bella G, Cusumano C, Parisi A, Tagliaferri F, Ciriminna S, Barbagallo M. Mediterranean diet in the management and prevention of obesity. Exp Gerontol 2023; 174:112121. [PMID: 36792040 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2023.112121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
The current pandemic of obesity represents a major global public health problem, mainly due to its association with chronic non-communicable disabling conditions and with increased mortality. Population aging increases the chances of non-communicable chronic diseases allowing a longer exposure to risk factors for these disabling conditions. Obesity is a major risk factor contributing to pathological aging. Numerous epidemiological studies have shown that the risk of death due to cardiovascular disease and cancer increases progressively as overweight and obesity rise. Nutrition research is now focused on the effects of combinations of foods in dietary patterns instead of those of single nutrients or foods. The dietary model with the largest body of evidence of health benefit is that traditionally followed by inhabitants of some Mediterranean countries. There is evidence confirming the inverse association of adhering to Mediterranean diet with overweight and obesity. Four meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials, including up to 16 trials, have shown a greater reduction of body weight and BMI with MedDiet compared to other diets, while a meta-analysis of 7 prospective cohort studies, found a reduced risk of becoming obese and gaining weight over time associated with a higher adherence to MedDiet. This narrative review examines studies reporting inverse associations of a higher adherence to the MedDiet with overweight/obesity and with age-associated chronic diseases related to obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ligia J Dominguez
- Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, "Kore" University of Enna, Enna, Italy; Geriatric Unit, Department of Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy.
| | - Nicola Veronese
- Geriatric Unit, Department of Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Giovanna Di Bella
- Geriatric Unit, Department of Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Claudia Cusumano
- Geriatric Unit, Department of Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Angela Parisi
- Geriatric Unit, Department of Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Federica Tagliaferri
- Geriatric Unit, Department of Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Stefano Ciriminna
- Geriatric Unit, Department of Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Mario Barbagallo
- Geriatric Unit, Department of Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
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Fazliana M, Nor Hanipah Z, Mohd Yusof BN, Zainal Abidin NA, Tan YZ, Mohkiar FH, Liyana AZ, Mohd Naeem MN, Mohmad Misnan N, Ahmad H, Draman MS, Tsen PY, Lim SY, Gee T. Molecular, Metabolic, and Nutritional Changes after Metabolic Surgery in Obese Diabetic Patients (MoMen): A Protocol for a Multicenter Prospective Cohort Study. Metabolites 2023; 13:metabo13030413. [PMID: 36984853 PMCID: PMC10059761 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13030413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolic surgery is an essential option in the treatment of obese patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D). Despite its known advantages, this surgery still needs to be introduced in Malaysia. In this prospective study, the pathophysiological mechanisms at the molecular level will be studied and the metabolomics pathways of diabetes remission will be explored. The present study aims to evaluate the changes in the anthropometric measurements, body composition, phase angle, diet intake, biochemistry parameters, adipokines, microRNA, and metabolomics, both pre- and post-surgery, among obese diabetic patients in Malaysia. This is a multicenter prospective cohort study that will involve obese patients (n = 102) with a body mass index (BMI) of ≥25 kg/m2 (Asian BMI categories: WHO/IASO/IOTF, 2000) who will undergo metabolic surgery. They will be categorized into three groups: non-diabetes, prediabetes, and diabetes. Their body composition will be measured using a bioimpedance analyzer (BIA). The phase angle (PhA) data will be analyzed. Venous blood will be collected from each patient for glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), lipids, liver, renal profile, hormones, adipokines, and molecular and metabolomics analyses. The serum microRNA will be measured. A gene expression study of the adipose tissue of different groups will be conducted to compare the groups. The relationship between the 1HNMR-metabolic fingerprint and the patients’ lifestyles and dietary practices will be determined. The factors responsible for the excellent remission of T2D will be explored in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mansor Fazliana
- Nutrition, Metabolism and Cardiovascular Research Centre, Institute for Medical Research, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Shah Alam 40170, Selangor, Malaysia
- Correspondence:
| | - Zubaidah Nor Hanipah
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Barakatun Nisak Mohd Yusof
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Nur Azlin Zainal Abidin
- Nutrition, Metabolism and Cardiovascular Research Centre, Institute for Medical Research, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Shah Alam 40170, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - You Zhuan Tan
- Nutrition, Metabolism and Cardiovascular Research Centre, Institute for Medical Research, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Shah Alam 40170, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Farah Huda Mohkiar
- Nutrition, Metabolism and Cardiovascular Research Centre, Institute for Medical Research, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Shah Alam 40170, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Ahmad Zamri Liyana
- Nutrition, Metabolism and Cardiovascular Research Centre, Institute for Medical Research, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Shah Alam 40170, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Nawi Mohd Naeem
- Nutrition, Metabolism and Cardiovascular Research Centre, Institute for Medical Research, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Shah Alam 40170, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Norazlan Mohmad Misnan
- Herbal Medicine Research Centre, Institute for Medical Research, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Shah Alam 40170, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Haron Ahmad
- KPJ Damansara Specialist Hospital, 119, Jalan SS 20/10, Petaling Jaya 47400, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Shazli Draman
- KPJ Damansara Specialist Hospital, 119, Jalan SS 20/10, Petaling Jaya 47400, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Poh Yue Tsen
- Sunway Medical Centre, No. 5 Jalan Lagoon Selatan, Bandar Sunway 47500, Selangor, Malaysia
- iHeal Medical Centre, Menara IGB, Mid Valley City, Lingkaran Syed Putra, Kuala Lumpur 59200, Malaysia
- Sunway Velocity Medical Centre, Lingkaran SV2, Sunway Velocity, Kuala Lumpur 55100, Malaysia
| | - Shu Yu Lim
- Sunway Medical Centre, No. 5 Jalan Lagoon Selatan, Bandar Sunway 47500, Selangor, Malaysia
- iHeal Medical Centre, Menara IGB, Mid Valley City, Lingkaran Syed Putra, Kuala Lumpur 59200, Malaysia
- Sunway Velocity Medical Centre, Lingkaran SV2, Sunway Velocity, Kuala Lumpur 55100, Malaysia
| | - Tikfu Gee
- Sunway Medical Centre, No. 5 Jalan Lagoon Selatan, Bandar Sunway 47500, Selangor, Malaysia
- iHeal Medical Centre, Menara IGB, Mid Valley City, Lingkaran Syed Putra, Kuala Lumpur 59200, Malaysia
- Sunway Velocity Medical Centre, Lingkaran SV2, Sunway Velocity, Kuala Lumpur 55100, Malaysia
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42
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Ali S, Alam R, Ahsan H, Khan S. Role of adipokines (omentin and visfatin) in coronary artery disease. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2023; 33:483-493. [PMID: 36653284 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2022.11.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Adipose tissue is considered as an endocrine organ that releases bioactive factors known as adipokines which contribute to the pathogenesis of rotundity-linked metabolic and cardiovascular complications. Rotundity is a major predisposer for the development and progression of coronary artery disease (CAD). DATA SYNTHESIS The literature survey from various databases such as Pubmed/Medline, DOAJ, Scopus, Clarivate analytics/Web of Science and Google Scholar were used to prepare this article. The epidemic of rotundity has gained significant attention to understand the biology of adipocytes and the metabolism of adipose tissue in obese individuals. In CAD, visfatin/NAMPT was primarily indicated as a clinical marker of atherosclerosis, endothelial dysfunction and vascular injury having a prognostic significance. Visfatin/NAMPT is a factor that promotes vascular inflammation and atherosclerosis. Omentin is an anti-inflammatory and anti-atherogenic adipokine regulating cardiovascular functions. CONCLUSIONS This review highlights and summarizes the scientific information pertaining to the role of the adipokines - omentin and visfatin in CAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saif Ali
- Department of Biochemistry, Integral Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Integral University, Lucknow, India
| | - Roshan Alam
- Department of Biochemistry, Integral Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Integral University, Lucknow, India
| | - Haseeb Ahsan
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi, India
| | - Saba Khan
- Department of Biochemistry, Integral Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Integral University, Lucknow, India.
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43
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Oh DH, Lee JK. Effect of Different Intensities of Aerobic Exercise Combined with Resistance Exercise on Body Fat, Lipid Profiles, and Adipokines in Middle-Aged Women with Obesity. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:ijerph20053991. [PMID: 36901009 PMCID: PMC10001681 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20053991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
We aimed to investigate the effect of different intensities of aerobic exercise (VO2max: 50% vs. 80%) on body weight, body fat percentage, lipid profiles, and adipokines in obese middle-aged women after 8 weeks of combined aerobic and resistance exercise. The participants included 16 women aged >40 years with a body fat percentage of ≥30%; they were randomly assigned to the resistance and either moderate (RME, 50% VO2max, 200 kcal [n = 8]) or vigorous aerobic exercise groups (RVE, 80% VO2max, 200 kcal [n = 8]), respectively. After 8 weeks of exercise, we observed that body weight and body fat percentage decreased significantly in both groups (p < 0.01). The total cholesterol (p < 0.01) and LDL (p < 0.05) levels decreased significantly in the RME group, while triglyceride levels decreased significantly in both groups (p < 0.01). The HDL levels tended to increase only slightly in both groups. The adiponectin levels decreased significantly in the RVE group (p < 0.05), and the leptin levels decreased significantly in both groups (p < 0.05). To prevent and treat obesity in middle-aged women, combined exercise (aerobic and resistance) is deemed effective; additionally, aerobic exercise of moderate intensity during combined exercise could be more effective than that of vigorous intensity.
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Berezin AA, Obradovic Z, Berezina TA, Boxhammer E, Lichtenauer M, Berezin AE. Cardiac Hepatopathy: New Perspectives on Old Problems through a Prism of Endogenous Metabolic Regulations by Hepatokines. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12020516. [PMID: 36830074 PMCID: PMC9951884 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12020516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Revised: 02/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiac hepatopathy refers to acute or chronic liver damage caused by cardiac dysfunction in the absence of any other possible causative reasons of liver injury. There is a large number of evidence of the fact that cardiac hepatopathy is associated with poor clinical outcomes in patients with acute or actually decompensated heart failure (HF). However, the currently dominated pathophysiological background does not explain a role of metabolic regulative proteins secreted by hepatocytes in progression of HF, including adverse cardiac remodeling, kidney injury, skeletal muscle dysfunction, osteopenia, sarcopenia and cardiac cachexia. The aim of this narrative review was to accumulate knowledge of hepatokines (adropin; fetuin-A, selenoprotein P, fibroblast growth factor-21, and alpha-1-microglobulin) as adaptive regulators of metabolic homeostasis in patients with HF. It is suggested that hepatokines play a crucial, causative role in inter-organ interactions and mediate tissue protective effects counteracting oxidative stress, inflammation, mitochondrial dysfunction, apoptosis and necrosis. The discriminative potencies of hepatokines for HF and damage of target organs in patients with known HF is under on-going scientific discussion and requires more investigations in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander A. Berezin
- Internal Medicine Department, Zaporozhye Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education, 69000 Zaporozhye, Ukraine
- Klinik Barmelweid, Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, 5017 Barmelweid, Switzerland
| | - Zeljko Obradovic
- Klinik Barmelweid, Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, 5017 Barmelweid, Switzerland
| | - Tetiana A. Berezina
- Department of Internal Medicine & Nephrology, VitaCenter, 69000 Zaporozhye, Ukraine
| | - Elke Boxhammer
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Division of Cardiology, Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Michael Lichtenauer
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Division of Cardiology, Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Alexander E. Berezin
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Division of Cardiology, Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
- Internal Medicine Department, Zaporozhye State Medical University, 69035 Zaporozhye, Ukraine
- Correspondence:
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45
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Xu L, Xu X, Kuang H, Liu Y, Xu C, Wu X. Transcriptomics and Metabolomics for Co-Exposure to a Cocktail of Neonicotinoids and the Synergist Piperonyl Butoxide. Anal Chem 2023; 95:3108-3118. [PMID: 36693709 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c05754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Here, the transcriptomics and metabolomics on a model of exposure to a cocktail of neonicotinoids (Neo) containing seven commercial compounds and a synergist piperonyl butoxide (PBO) were established. The results showed that Neo and PBO disrupted mRNA and metabolite levels in a dose-dependent manner. Neo caused tryptophan pathway-related neurotoxicity, reduced lipolysis, and promoted fat mass accumulation in the liver, while PBO induced an increase in inflammatory factors and damage to intercellular membranes. Co-exposure enhanced Neo-induced liver steatosis, focal necrosis, and oxidative stress by inhibiting oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS). Furthermore, diglycerides and metabolic biomarkers demonstrated that the activation of insulin signaling is associated with restricted OXPHOS, which commonly leads to a high risk of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and Alzheimer's disease (AD) as the result of over-synthesis of lipids, low energy supply, and high thermogenesis. The study demonstrates that chronic disease can be induced by Neo and the synergist PBO at the molecular level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liwei Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, People's Republic of China.,International Joint Research Laboratory for Biointerface and Biodetection and School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, People's Republic of China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinxin Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, People's Republic of China.,International Joint Research Laboratory for Biointerface and Biodetection and School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, People's Republic of China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, People's Republic of China
| | - Hua Kuang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, People's Republic of China.,International Joint Research Laboratory for Biointerface and Biodetection and School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, People's Republic of China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, People's Republic of China
| | - Ye Liu
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Institute of Medical Biology, No. 935, Jiaoling Road, Kunming 650000, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Chuanlai Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, People's Republic of China.,International Joint Research Laboratory for Biointerface and Biodetection and School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, People's Republic of China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoling Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, People's Republic of China.,International Joint Research Laboratory for Biointerface and Biodetection and School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, People's Republic of China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, People's Republic of China
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46
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Kunutsor SK. Obesity or adipokines-which should be targeted for venous thromboembolism prevention? JOURNAL OF THROMBOSIS AND HAEMOSTASIS : JTH 2023; 21:195-197. [PMID: 36775413 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtha.2022.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Setor K Kunutsor
- Diabetes Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester General Hospital, Gwendolen Road, Leicester, UK.
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47
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Wang CJ, Noble PB, Elliot JG, James AL, Wang KCW. From Beneath the Skin to the Airway Wall: Understanding the Pathological Role of Adipose Tissue in Comorbid Asthma-Obesity. Compr Physiol 2023; 13:4321-4353. [PMID: 36715283 DOI: 10.1002/cphy.c220011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
This article provides a contemporary report on the role of adipose tissue in respiratory dysfunction. Adipose tissue is distributed throughout the body, accumulating beneath the skin (subcutaneous), around organs (visceral), and importantly in the context of respiratory disease, has recently been shown to accumulate within the airway wall: "airway-associated adipose tissue." Excessive adipose tissue deposition compromises respiratory function and increases the severity of diseases such as asthma. The mechanisms of respiratory impairment are inflammatory, structural, and mechanical in nature, vary depending on the anatomical site of deposition and adipose tissue subtype, and likely contribute to different phenotypes of comorbid asthma-obesity. An understanding of adipose tissue-driven pathophysiology provides an opportunity for diagnostic advancement and patient-specific treatment. As an exemplar, the potential impact of airway-associated adipose tissue is highlighted, and how this may change the management of a patient with asthma who is also obese. © 2023 American Physiological Society. Compr Physiol 13:4321-4353, 2023.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolyn J Wang
- School of Human Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Peter B Noble
- School of Human Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - John G Elliot
- School of Human Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia.,Department of Pulmonary Physiology and Sleep Medicine, West Australian Sleep Disorders Research Institute, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Alan L James
- Department of Pulmonary Physiology and Sleep Medicine, West Australian Sleep Disorders Research Institute, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia.,Medical School, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Kimberley C W Wang
- School of Human Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia.,Telethon Kids Institute, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
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48
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Association of Serum Omentin-1 Concentration with the Content of Adipose Tissue and Glucose Tolerance in Subjects with Central Obesity. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11020331. [PMID: 36830868 PMCID: PMC9953609 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11020331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Omentin is one of the few adipokines with potentially beneficial metabolic effects. The main aim of this study was to determine the association between serum omentin-1 levels and the occurrence of central obesity and abnormal glucose tolerance, taking into account gender. The study involved 88 participants aged 30-60, including 47 women and 41 men. Two subgroups among the obese subjects were distinguished-those with normal and abnormal glucose tolerance. Anthropometric and biochemical examinations and blood pressure measurements were performed. Omentin-1 concentrations were significantly lower among patients with obesity compared to those without obesity (p = 0.027) and, similarly, comparing men with abnormal glucose tolerance with men with normal glucose tolerance (p = 0.035). In contrast, no such pattern was observed in women. The multivariable regression model showed a significant effect of gender status and important factors of tissue insulin sensitivity, such as OGGT results, WHR and amount of body fat, on the variability of serum omentin-1 concentration in the entire study population (R2adj. = 13.7%; p = 0.003). High omentin-1 levels found in men with obesity and normal glucose tolerance suggest that omentin-1 protects against metabolic disorders associated with obesity in the male population.
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Anti-Ischemic Effect of Leptin in the Isolated Rat Heart Subjected to Global Ischemia-Reperfusion: Role of Cardiac-Specific miRNAs. CARDIOGENETICS 2023. [DOI: 10.3390/cardiogenetics13010001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Leptin is an obesity-associated adipokine that has been implicated in cardiac protection against ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI). In this study, concentration-dependent effects of leptin on myocardial IRI were investigated in the isolated rat heart. In addition, we analyzed myocardial miRNAs expression in order to investigate their potential involvement in leptin-mediated cardioprotection. Methods: The effect of leptin on IRI was examined in Langendorff-perfused rat hearts preconditioned with two leptin concentrations (1.0 nM and 3.1 nM) for 60 min. The hearts were subjected to 30 min global ischemia and 120 min reperfusion with buffer containing leptin in the respective concentration. Heart function and arrhythmia incidence were analyzed. Infarct size was assessed histochemically. Expression of miRNA-144, -208a, -378, and -499 was analyzed in the ventricular myocardium using RT-PCR. Results: The addition of 1.0 nM leptin to the buffer exerted an infarct-limiting effect, preserved post-ischemic ventricular function, and prevented reperfusion arrhythmia compared to 3.1 nM leptin. Myocardial expression of miRNA-208a was decreased after heart exposure to 1.0 nM leptin and significantly elevated in the hearts perfused with leptin at 3.1 nM. Conclusion: Acute administration of leptin at low dose (1.0 nM) results in cardiac protection against IRI. This effect is associated with reduced myocardial expression of miRNA-208a.
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Chu DT, Thi YVN, Chew NW. Histone modifications in fat metabolism and obesity. PROGRESS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE 2023; 197:135-152. [PMID: 37019590 DOI: 10.1016/bs.pmbts.2023.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
Abstract
The World Health Organization (WHO) has identified the obesity epidemic as one of the leading causes of overall morbidity and mortality. Obesity affects individual health, and quality of life and has negative long-term economic implications on society and the entire country. In recent years, studies on histone modifications in fat metabolism and obesity have received great attention. Processes such as methylation, histone modification, chromatin remodeling, and microRNA expression are mechanisms in epigenetic regulation. These processes play a particularly important role in cell development and differentiation through gene regulation. In this chapter, we discuss the types of histone modifications in adipose tissue under different conditions, the role of histone modifications in adipose tissue development, and the relationship between histone modifications and biosynthesis in the body. In addition, the chapter provides detailed information on histone modifications in obesity, the relationship between histone modifications and food consumption status, and the role of histone modifications in overweight and obesity.
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