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Cheng J, Williams JP, Zhou L, Wang PC, Sun LN, Li RH, An JX. Ozone rectal insufflation mitigates chronic rapid eye movement sleep deprivation-induced cognitive impairment through inflammation alleviation and gut microbiota regulation in mice. Med Gas Res 2024; 14:213-224. [PMID: 39073330 DOI: 10.4103/mgr.medgasres-d-23-00036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2024] Open
Abstract
A range of sleep disorders has the potential to adversely affect cognitive function. This study was undertaken with the objective of investigating the effects of ozone rectal insufflation (O3-RI) on cognitive dysfunction induced by chronic REM sleep deprivation, as well as elucidating possible underlying mechanisms. O3-RI ameliorated cognitive dysfunction in chronic REM sleep deprived mice, improved the neuronal damage in the hippocampus region and decreased neuronal loss. Administration of O3-RI may protect against chronic REM sleep deprivation induced cognitive dysfunction by reversing the abnormal expression of Occludin and leucine-rich repeat and pyrin domain-containing protein 3 inflammasome as well as interleukin-1β in the hippocampus and colon tissues. Moreover, the microbiota diversity and composition of sleep deprivation mice were significantly affected by O3-RI intervention, as evidenced by the reversal of the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes abundance ratio and the relative abundance of the Bacteroides genus. In particular, the relative abundance of the Bacteroides genus demonstrated a pronounced correlation with cognitive impairment and inflammation. Our findings suggested that O3-RI can improve cognitive dysfunction in sleep deprivation mice, and its mechanisms may be related to regulating gut microbiota and alleviating inflammation and damage in the hippocampus and colon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Cheng
- Medical School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - John P Williams
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Li Zhou
- Institute for lnnoration Diagnosis & Treatment in Anesthesiology, School of Anesthesiology, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, Shandong Province, China
| | - Peng-Cheng Wang
- Institute for lnnoration Diagnosis & Treatment in Anesthesiology, School of Anesthesiology, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, Shandong Province, China
| | - Li-Na Sun
- Institute for lnnoration Diagnosis & Treatment in Anesthesiology, School of Anesthesiology, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, Shandong Province, China
| | - Rui-Hua Li
- Institute for lnnoration Diagnosis & Treatment in Anesthesiology, School of Anesthesiology, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, Shandong Province, China
| | - Jian-Xiong An
- Medical School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Institute for lnnoration Diagnosis & Treatment in Anesthesiology, School of Anesthesiology, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, Shandong Province, China
- Center of Anesthesiology, Pain and Sleep Medicine, Rapid Anti-depression, The Affiliated Hospital of Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, Shandong Province, China
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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Qin J, Qin L, Zhang F, Fan X, Jin H, Du Z, Guo Y, Liu W, Liu Q. Effects of JUNCAO Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide peptide on slaughter performance and intestinal health of Minxinan black rabbits. Anim Biotechnol 2024; 35:2259436. [PMID: 37768126 DOI: 10.1080/10495398.2023.2259436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of JUNCAO Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide peptide (JCGLPP) on slaughter performance and intestinal health of Minxinan black rabbits, which aimed to provide the basis for the application of JCGLPP in meat rabbits. One hundred male weaned Minxinan black rabbits of (33 ± 2) d [(initial body mass (655.65 ± 25.90) g] were randomly divided into four groups with five replicates per group and five rabbits per replicate. The diets were supplemented with 0 (control group), 50 (group I), 100 (group II) and 150 mg·kg-1 (group III) of JCGLPP, respectively. This experiment lasted for 56 days. The results are shown below: (1) The live weight before slaughter of groups I and III was significantly higher than that of control group (p < 0.05); The full net bore weight of group III was significantly higher than that of control group (p < 0.05). (2) pH value of group I was significantly higher than that of control group (p < 0.05); NH3-N content in experimental groups were significantly higher than that in control group(p < 0.05) while NH3-N content in group I was significantly higher than that in groups III and II (p < 0.05); The content of butyric acid in group II was significantly lower than that in control group (p < 0.05); There were no significant differences in acetic acid, isovaleric acid, isobutyric acid and propionic acid in experimental groups compared with control group (p > 0.05). (3) The Occludin content in duodenum, jejunum and ileum of groups I and II was significantly higher than that of control group (p < 0.05). (4) At the phylum level, Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes were the dominant phylum in each group. At the genus level, norank_f__norank_o__Clostridia_UCG-014 in group II were significantly higher than those in control group (p < 0.05). In conclusion, although dietary JCGLPP supplementation could not improve slaughter performance of Minxinan black rabbits, it could improve cecal fermentation parameters and intestinal flora structure and composition of Minxinan black rabbits to a certain extent. Our results revealed that 100 mg·kg-1 might be the optimal concentration obtained in dietary JCGLPP supplementation, which provided ideas and feasibility for drug combination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juanqing Qin
- College of Animal Sciences (College of Bee Science), Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Liwen Qin
- College of Animal Sciences (College of Bee Science), Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Fu Zhang
- College of Animal Sciences (College of Bee Science), Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Xiaoyu Fan
- College of Animal Sciences (College of Bee Science), Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Huayun Jin
- College of Animal Sciences (College of Bee Science), Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Zhijian Du
- College of Animal Sciences (College of Bee Science), Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Yukang Guo
- College of Animal Sciences (College of Bee Science), Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Weiwei Liu
- College of Animal Sciences (College of Bee Science), Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Qinghua Liu
- College of Animal Sciences (College of Bee Science), Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
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Ren T, Feng H, Xu Y, Ling Y. Revealing the mechanism of Dahuang Huanglian Xiexin Decoction attenuates dysbiosis via IL-17 signaling pathway based on network pharmacology and experimental validation. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 331:118267. [PMID: 38688354 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Revised: 04/13/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Dahuang Huanglian Xiexin Decoction (XXD), derived from Zhang Zhongjing's Treatise on Typhoid Fever, has a long history of medicinal use and is widely used for digestive system diseases. It is mainly composed of three natural medicines, including Dahuang (Rheum palmatum L.), Huanglian (Coptis chinensis Franch.), and Huangqin (Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi). Modern pharmacological research shows that the active ingredients of XXD can have a positive effect on intestinal flora regulatory effect, but its mechanism of action is unclear. AIMS OF THIS STUDY Clarify the effect of XXD on regulating dysbiosis, and elucidate the mechanism of XXD in alleviating dysbiosis based on network pharmacology, molecular docking and experimental verification. METHODS Histopathological observation and intestinal high-throughput sequencing were used to observe the effect. Preliminary prediction of the mechanism of action of XXD in treating dysbiosis through network pharmacology and molecular docking. Finally, the effect of XXD on the IL-17 signaling pathway was verified through in vivo experiments. RESULTS Histopathology and high-throughput sequencing of intestinal flora indicated that XXD has a good regulatory effect on bacterial dysbiosis. At the same time, network pharmacology identified a total of 40 active compounds, 14 of which may be key compounds for XXD to treat dysbiosis. In addition, the study also revealed 14 potential key targets as well as the top 5 therapeutic targets: IL-6, TNF-α, IL-1β, TP53 and PTGS2. GO and KEGG predicted the key pathway for IL-17 signaling pathway to play a role in XXD. In the verification of the prediction results, it was found that the above targets and the IL-17 target showed strong activity in molecular docking. Furthermore, it was found that XXD can reduce the levels of IL-17, IL-6, TNF-α, IL-1β, p53 and COX-2 in serum, while inhibiting the expression of IL-17, IL-17RA, Act-1 and NF-κB protein and the mRNA expression of IL-17, IL-17RA and Act-1 in colon tissue. CONCLUSIONS This study found that XXD has a good regulatory effect on dysbiosis and its induced symptoms. Network pharmacology was used to predict the key compounds and therapeutic targets of XXD, and preliminary experiments confirmed that XXD may regulate bacterial dysbiosis by inhibiting the IL-17 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianyi Ren
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 210023, Nanjing, China
| | - Hui Feng
- School of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 210023, Nanjing, China
| | - Yong Xu
- School of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 210023, Nanjing, China.
| | - Yun Ling
- School of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 210023, Nanjing, China.
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Hamed Riveros NF, García-Corredor L, Martínez-Solarte MA, González-Clavijo A. Effect of Bifidobacterium Intake on Body Weight and Body Fat in Overweight and Obese Adult Subjects: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN NUTRITION ASSOCIATION 2024; 43:519-531. [PMID: 38498828 DOI: 10.1080/27697061.2024.2320192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
This systematic review aimed to assess the impact of Bifidobacterium genus probiotics on body weight and body composition parameters in overweight and obese individuals. A systematic search for randomized controlled trials was conducted in MEDLINE, EMBASE, LILACS, and Google Scholar databases until April 17, 2023. The inclusion criteria required the trials to involve Bifidobacterium genus probiotics interventions and the evaluation of obesity-related anthropometric and body composition outcomes in overweight or obese subjects. Studies were excluded when involving obese individuals with genetic syndromes or pregnant women, as well as probiotic mixture interventions. The revised Cochrane risk-of-bias tool for randomized trials was utilized to assess the quality of the included studies. A random-effects meta-analysis was performed using the mean difference between endpoint measurements and change from baseline for body mass index, body weight, body fat mass, body fat percentage, waist circumference, waist-to-hip ratio, and visceral fat area. From 1,527 retrieved reports, 11 studies (911 subjects) were included in this review. Bifidobacterium probiotics administration resulted in significant reductions in body fat mass (MD = -0.64 kg, 95% CI: -1.09, -0.18, p = 0.006), body fat percentage (MD = -0.64%, 95% CI: -1.18, -0.11, p = 0.02), waist circumference (MD = -1.39 cm, 95% CI: -1.99, -0.79, p < 0.00001), and visceral fat area (MD = -4.38 cm2, 95% CI: -7.24, -1.52, p = 0.003). No significant differences were observed for body mass index, body weight, or waist-to-hip ratio. This systematic review suggests that Bifidobacterium genus probiotics may contribute to managing overweight and obesity by reducing body fat mass, body fat percentage, waist circumference, and visceral fat area. Further research is required to understand strain and species interactions, optimal dosages, and effective delivery methods for probiotics in obesity management. This review was pre-registered under the PROSPERO record CRD42022370057.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lady García-Corredor
- Departamento de Ciencias Fisiológicas, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia
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Bai J, Wang J, Fan M, Li Y, Huang L, Wang L. In vitro fermentation reveals an interplay relationship between oat β-glucan and human gut Bacteroides and their potential role in regulating gut cytokines. Food Funct 2024; 15:7794-7811. [PMID: 38920001 DOI: 10.1039/d4fo00775a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/27/2024]
Abstract
Dietary oat β-glucan regulates the gut microbial composition and structure; however, the interplay relationship between oat β-glucan and the gut microbiota is unclear. In this study, we aim to investigate the interaction between oat β-glucan and human gut Bacteroides, a versatile carbohydrate utilizer, and explore the effect of their interaction on gut immunity homeostasis. The results of in vitro fermentation showed that oat β-glucan significantly increased the abundance of gut Bacteroides at the genus level. Then, Bacteroides strains were isolated from human gut microbiota and 9 strains of Bacteroides could grow on oat β-glucan and degrade oat β-glucan to reducing sugars. Notably, strains Bacteroides xylanisolvens Bac02 and Bacteroides koreensis Bac08 possessed the strongest degradation capacity towards oat β-glucan. Genome analysis and functional annotations suggested that B. xylanisolvens Bac02 and B. koreensis Bac08 contained abundant genes encoding glycoside hydrolases family 3 (GH3) and GH16, which might be responsible for β-glucan degradation. Moreover, cell experiments revealed that the metabolites from oat β-glucan fermentation by these 9 strains of Bacteroides could regulate the polarization of macrophages and maintain gut immunity homeostasis. Our study provides a novel insight into research on the interplay between dietary compounds and the gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junying Bai
- Citrus Research Institute, Southwest University, 2 Tiansheng Road, Chongqing 400712, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, China.
- National Citrus Engineering Research Center, Chongqing, 400712, China
| | - Jing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Mingcong Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Yan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Linhua Huang
- Citrus Research Institute, Southwest University, 2 Tiansheng Road, Chongqing 400712, China.
- National Citrus Engineering Research Center, Chongqing, 400712, China
| | - Li Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, China.
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Dong J, Zhang J, Cheng S, Qin B, Jin K, Chen B, Zhang Y, Lu J. A high-fat diet induced depression-like phenotype via hypocretin-HCRTR1 mediated inflammation activation. Food Funct 2024. [PMID: 39056112 DOI: 10.1039/d4fo00210e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
Background: A high-fat diet (HFD) is generally associated with an increased risk of mental disorders that constitute a sizeable worldwide health. A HFD results in the gut microbiota-brain axis being altered and linked to mental disorders. Hypocretin-1, which can promote appetite, has been previously confirmed to be associated with depression. However, no exact relationship has been found for hypocretin between depression and HFDs. Methods: Adult male SD rats were randomly assigned to either a HFD or a normal diet for eight weeks, followed by behavioral tests and plasma biochemical analyses. Then, we investigated the protein and mRNA levels of inflammation-related factors in the hippocampus. We also observed morphological changes in brain microglia and lipid accumulation. Additionally, metagenomic and metabolomic analyses of gut microbiomes were performed. 3T3-L1 cells were utilized in vitro to investigate the impact of hypocretin receptor 1 antagonists (SB334867) on lipid accumulation. To consider the connection between the brain and adipose tissue, we used a conditioned medium (CM) treated with 3T3-L1 cells to observe the activation and phagocytosis of BV2 cells. Following a 12-week period of feeding a HFD to C57BL/6 mice, a three-week intervention period was initiated during which the administration of SB334867 was observed. This was followed by a series of assessments, including monitoring of body weight changes and emotional problems, as well as attention to plasma biochemical levels and microglial cell phenotypes in the brain. Results: The HFD rats displayed anxiety and depressive-like behaviors. HFD rats exhibited increased plasma HDL, LDL, and TC levels. A HFD also causes an increase in hypocretin-1 and hypocretin-2 in the hypothalamus. Metagenomics and metabolomics revealed that the HFD caused an increase in the relative abundance of associated inflammatory bacteria and decreased the abundance of anti-inflammatory and bile acid metabolites. Compared with the CTR group, hippocampal microglia in the HFD group were significantly activated and accompanied by lipid deposition. At the same time, protein and mRNA expression levels of inflammation-related factors were increased. We found that SB334867 could significantly reduce lipid accumulation in 3T3-L1 cells after differentiation. The expression of inflammatory factors decreased in the SB334867 group. The administration of SB334867 was found to reverse the adverse effects of the HFD on body weight, depressive-like behaviour and anxiety-like mood. Furthermore, this treatment was associated with improvements in plasma biochemical levels and a reduction in the number of microglia in the brain. Conclusions: In summary, our results demonstrated that a HFD induced anxiety and depressive-like behaviors, which may be linked to the increased hypocretin-1 level and lipid accumulation. Supplementation with SB334867 improved the above. These observations highlight the possibility of hypocretin-1 inducing the risk of HFD-associated emotional dysfunctions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyi Dong
- School of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China.
| | - Jinghui Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China.
| | - Shangping Cheng
- School of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China.
| | - Bin Qin
- School of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China.
| | - Kangyu Jin
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, China
| | - Bing Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, China
| | - Yuyan Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China.
| | - Jing Lu
- School of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China.
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, China
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Precision psychiatry, Hangzhou 310003, China
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Nuszkiewicz J, Kukulska-Pawluczuk B, Piec K, Jarek DJ, Motolko K, Szewczyk-Golec K, Woźniak A. Intersecting Pathways: The Role of Metabolic Dysregulation, Gastrointestinal Microbiome, and Inflammation in Acute Ischemic Stroke Pathogenesis and Outcomes. J Clin Med 2024; 13:4258. [PMID: 39064298 PMCID: PMC11278353 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13144258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2024] [Revised: 07/13/2024] [Accepted: 07/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Acute ischemic stroke (AIS) remains a major cause of mortality and long-term disability worldwide, driven by complex and multifaceted etiological factors. Metabolic dysregulation, gastrointestinal microbiome alterations, and systemic inflammation are emerging as significant contributors to AIS pathogenesis. This review addresses the critical need to understand how these factors interact to influence AIS risk and outcomes. We aim to elucidate the roles of dysregulated adipokines in obesity, the impact of gut microbiota disruptions, and the neuroinflammatory cascade initiated by lipopolysaccharides (LPS) in AIS. Dysregulated adipokines in obesity exacerbate inflammatory responses, increasing AIS risk and severity. Disruptions in the gut microbiota and subsequent LPS-induced neuroinflammation further link systemic inflammation to AIS. Advances in neuroimaging and biomarker development have improved diagnostic precision. Here, we highlight the need for a multifaceted approach to AIS management, integrating metabolic, microbiota, and inflammatory insights. Potential therapeutic strategies targeting these pathways could significantly improve AIS prevention and treatment. Future research should focus on further elucidating these pathways and developing targeted interventions to mitigate the impacts of metabolic dysregulation, microbiome imbalances, and inflammation on AIS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jarosław Nuszkiewicz
- Department of Medical Biology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, 24 Karłowicza St., 85-092 Bydgoszcz, Poland;
| | - Beata Kukulska-Pawluczuk
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, 9 M. Skłodowskiej—Curie St., 85-094 Bydgoszcz, Poland; (B.K.-P.); (K.P.)
| | - Katarzyna Piec
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, 9 M. Skłodowskiej—Curie St., 85-094 Bydgoszcz, Poland; (B.K.-P.); (K.P.)
| | - Dorian Julian Jarek
- Student Research Club of Medical Biology and Biochemistry, Department of Medical Biology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, 24 Karłowicza St., 85-092 Bydgoszcz, Poland;
| | - Karina Motolko
- Student Research Club of Neurology, Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, 9 M. Skłodowskiej—Curie St., 85-094 Bydgoszcz, Poland;
| | - Karolina Szewczyk-Golec
- Department of Medical Biology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, 24 Karłowicza St., 85-092 Bydgoszcz, Poland;
| | - Alina Woźniak
- Department of Medical Biology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, 24 Karłowicza St., 85-092 Bydgoszcz, Poland;
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8
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Vallès Y, Arshad M, Abdalbaqi M, Inman CK, Ahmad A, Drou N, Gunsalus KC, Ali R, Tahlak M, Abdulle A. The infants' gut microbiome: setting the stage for the early onset of obesity. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1371292. [PMID: 39081889 PMCID: PMC11287775 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1371292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024] Open
Abstract
In the past three decades, dietary and lifestyle changes worldwide have resulted in a global increase in the prevalence of obesity in both adults and children. Known to be highly influenced by genetic, environmental and lifestyle factors, obesity is characterized by a low-grade chronic inflammation that contributes to the development of other metabolic diseases such as diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Recently, the gut microbiome has been added as a cause/contributor to the development of obesity. As differences in the microbiome between obese and normoweight individuals have been observed, we set out to determine whether infants harbor an obesogenic microbiome early on and whether the pre-pregnancy status of the mother (obese or normoweight) is correlated to their infant's microbiome composition. Using shotgun sequencing, we analyzed stool samples throughout the first year of life from infants born to obese (n = 23 participants, m = 104 samples) and normoweight (n = 23 participants, m = 99 samples) mothers. We found that the infants' microbiome diversity at taxonomic and functional levels was significantly influenced by time (ANOVA p < 0.001) but not by the mother's pre-pregnancy status. Overall, no deterministic succession of taxa or functions was observed. However, infants born to obese mothers were found to have a significantly higher Bacillota/Bacteroidota ratio (p = 0.02) at six months, were significantly depleted from six months old of the well-established obesity biomarkers Akkermansia municiphila and Faecalibacterium prausnitzii (p < 0.01), and were at one week old, significantly enriched in pathways such as the UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine biosynthesis II (p = 0.02) involved in leptin production, suggesting perhaps that there may exist some underlying mechanisms that dictate the development of an obesogenic microbiota early on.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yvonne Vallès
- Public Health Research Center, New York University Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Muhammad Arshad
- Core Bioinformatics, New York University Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Mamoun Abdalbaqi
- Public Health Research Center, New York University Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Claire K. Inman
- Public Health Research Center, New York University Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Amar Ahmad
- Public Health Research Center, New York University Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Nizar Drou
- Core Bioinformatics, New York University Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Kristin C. Gunsalus
- Center for Genomics and Systems Biology, New York University Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Biology and Center for Genomics and Systems Biology, New York University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Raghib Ali
- Public Health Research Center, New York University Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Muna Tahlak
- Latifa Women and Children Hospital, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Abdishakur Abdulle
- Public Health Research Center, New York University Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
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9
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Ma P, Zhang Y, Yin Y, Wang S, Chen S, Liang X, Li Z, Deng H. Gut microbiota metabolite tyramine ameliorates high-fat diet-induced insulin resistance via increased Ca 2+ signaling. EMBO J 2024:10.1038/s44318-024-00162-w. [PMID: 38965418 DOI: 10.1038/s44318-024-00162-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiota and their metabolites are closely linked to obesity-related diseases, such as type 2 diabetes, but their causal relationship and underlying mechanisms remain largely elusive. Here, we found that dysbiosis-induced tyramine (TA) suppresses high-fat diet (HFD)-mediated insulin resistance in both Drosophila and mice. In Drosophila, HFD increases cytosolic Ca2+ signaling in enterocytes, which, in turn, suppresses intestinal lipid levels. 16 S rRNA sequencing and metabolomics revealed that HFD leads to increased prevalence of tyrosine decarboxylase (Tdc)-expressing bacteria and resulting tyramine production. Tyramine acts on the tyramine receptor, TyrR1, to promote cytosolic Ca2+ signaling and activation of the CRTC-CREB complex to transcriptionally suppress dietary lipid digestion and lipogenesis in enterocytes, while promoting mitochondrial biogenesis. Furthermore, the tyramine-induced cytosolic Ca2+ signaling is sufficient to suppress HFD-induced obesity and insulin resistance in Drosophila. In mice, tyramine intake also improves glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity under HFD. These results indicate that dysbiosis-induced tyramine suppresses insulin resistance in both flies and mice under HFD, suggesting a potential therapeutic strategy for related metabolic disorders, such as diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Ma
- Yangzhi Rehabilitation Hospital, Sunshine Rehabilitation Center, Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, 20092, Shanghai, China
| | - Yao Zhang
- Yangzhi Rehabilitation Hospital, Sunshine Rehabilitation Center, Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, 20092, Shanghai, China
| | - Youjie Yin
- Yangzhi Rehabilitation Hospital, Sunshine Rehabilitation Center, Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, 20092, Shanghai, China
| | - Saifei Wang
- Yangzhi Rehabilitation Hospital, Sunshine Rehabilitation Center, Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, 20092, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuxin Chen
- Yangzhi Rehabilitation Hospital, Sunshine Rehabilitation Center, Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, 20092, Shanghai, China
| | - Xueping Liang
- Yangzhi Rehabilitation Hospital, Sunshine Rehabilitation Center, Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, 20092, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhifang Li
- Yangzhi Rehabilitation Hospital, Sunshine Rehabilitation Center, Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, 20092, Shanghai, China
| | - Hansong Deng
- Yangzhi Rehabilitation Hospital, Sunshine Rehabilitation Center, Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, 20092, Shanghai, China.
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10
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Huang Q, Wen C, Gu S, Jie Y, Li G, Yan Y, Tian C, Wu G, Yang N. Synergy of gut microbiota and host genome in driving heterosis expression of chickens. J Genet Genomics 2024:S1673-8527(24)00153-X. [PMID: 38950856 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgg.2024.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2024] [Revised: 06/18/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/03/2024]
Abstract
Heterosis has been widely utilized in agricultural production. Despite over a century of extensive research, the underlying mechanisms of heterosis remain elusive. Most hypotheses and research have focused on the genetic basis of heterosis. However, the potential role of gut microbiota in heterosis has been largely ignored. Here, we carefully design a crossbreeding experiment with two distinct broiler breeds and conduct 16S rRNA amplicon and transcriptome sequencing to investigate the synergistic role of gut microbiota and host genes in driving heterosis. We find that the breast muscle weight of the hybrids exhibits a high heterosis, 6.28% higher than mid-parent value. A notable difference is observed in the composition and potential function of cecal microbiota between hybrids and their parents. Over 90% of the differentially colonized microbiota and differentially expressed genes exhibit nonadditive patterns. Integrative analyses uncover associations between nonadditive genes and nonadditive microbiota, including a connection between the expression of cellular signaling pathway and metabolism-related genes and the abundance of Odoribacter, Oscillibacter, and Alistipes in hybrids. Moreover, higher abundances of these microbiota are related to better meat yield. In summary, these findings highlight the importance of gut microbiota in heterosis, serving as crucial factors that modulate heterosis expression in chickens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Biotech Breeding and Frontier Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding and Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Chaoliang Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Biotech Breeding and Frontier Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding and Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; Sanya Institute of China Agricultural University, Hainan 572025, China.
| | - Shuang Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Biotech Breeding and Frontier Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding and Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yuchen Jie
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Biotech Breeding and Frontier Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding and Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Guangqi Li
- Beijing Huadu Yukou Poultry Industry Co. Ltd., Beijing 101206, China
| | - Yiyuan Yan
- Beijing Huadu Yukou Poultry Industry Co. Ltd., Beijing 101206, China
| | - Chuanyao Tian
- Beijing Huadu Yukou Poultry Industry Co. Ltd., Beijing 101206, China
| | - Guiqin Wu
- Beijing Huadu Yukou Poultry Industry Co. Ltd., Beijing 101206, China
| | - Ning Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Biotech Breeding and Frontier Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding and Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; Sanya Institute of China Agricultural University, Hainan 572025, China.
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11
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Lin X, Han H, Wang N, Wang C, Qi M, Wang J, Liu G. The Gut Microbial Regulation of Epigenetic Modification from a Metabolic Perspective. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:7175. [PMID: 39000282 PMCID: PMC11241073 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25137175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2024] [Revised: 06/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a global health challenge that has received increasing attention in contemporary research. The gut microbiota has been implicated in the development of obesity, primarily through its involvement in regulating various host metabolic processes. Recent research suggests that epigenetic modifications may serve as crucial pathways through which the gut microbiota and its metabolites contribute to the pathogenesis of obesity and other metabolic disorders. Hence, understanding the interplay between gut microbiota and epigenetic mechanisms is crucial for elucidating the impact of obesity on the host. This review primarily focuses on the understanding of the relationship between the gut microbiota and its metabolites with epigenetic mechanisms in several obesity-related pathogenic mechanisms, including energy dysregulation, metabolic inflammation, and maternal inheritance. These findings could serve as novel therapeutic targets for probiotics, prebiotics, and fecal microbiota transplantation tools in treating metabolic disruptions. It may also aid in developing therapeutic strategies that modulate the gut microbiota, thereby regulating the metabolic characteristics of obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingtong Lin
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; (X.L.); (H.H.); (N.W.); (C.W.); (M.Q.)
- Yuelushan Laboratory, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Hui Han
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; (X.L.); (H.H.); (N.W.); (C.W.); (M.Q.)
- Yuelushan Laboratory, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Nan Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; (X.L.); (H.H.); (N.W.); (C.W.); (M.Q.)
- Yuelushan Laboratory, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Chengming Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; (X.L.); (H.H.); (N.W.); (C.W.); (M.Q.)
- Yuelushan Laboratory, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Ming Qi
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; (X.L.); (H.H.); (N.W.); (C.W.); (M.Q.)
- Yuelushan Laboratory, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Jing Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; (X.L.); (H.H.); (N.W.); (C.W.); (M.Q.)
- Yuelushan Laboratory, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Gang Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; (X.L.); (H.H.); (N.W.); (C.W.); (M.Q.)
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
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12
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Xiao F, Song Y, Wang G, Aa J. Intestinal Metabolism of Crocin and a Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics Study in the Chronic Social Defeat Stress Mouse Model. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:843. [PMID: 39065694 PMCID: PMC11279738 DOI: 10.3390/ph17070843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2024] [Revised: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Orally administered crocin rapidly and efficiently rescues depressive-like behaviors in depression models; however, crocin levels in the circulatory and central nervous systems are rather low. The underlying mechanism responsible for the inconsistency between pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics is unknown. To identify the active metabolites and clarify the underlying mechanisms, the pharmacokinetics and metabolic effects of the gut flora and hepatic and intestinal microsomes on crocin were examined, and the pharmacodynamics of crocin and its major metabolite, crocetin, were also evaluated in both normal and pseudo germ-free mice subjected to chronic social defeat stress. The results showed that oral administration of 300 mg/kg crocin significantly improved the depression-like behaviors of chronic social defeat stress mice, although the levels of crocin in the circulatory system were rather low (Cmax = 43.5 ± 8.6 μg/L; AUC = 151 ± 20.8 μg·h/L). However, the primary metabolite of crocetin was much more abundant in vivo (Cmax = 4662.5 ± 586.1 μg/L; AUC = 33,451.9 ± 3323.6 μg·h/L). Orally administered crocin was primarily metabolized into crocetin by the gut flora instead of hepatic or intestinal microsomal enzymes, and less than 10% of crocin was transformed into crocetin in the liver or intestinal microsomes. Inhibition of the gut flora dramatically reduced the production of and in vivo exposure to crocetin, and the rapid antidepressant effect of crocin disappeared. Moreover, crocetin showed rapid antidepressant effects similar to those of crocin, and the effects were independent of the gut flora. In conclusion, the metabolic transformation of crocin to crocetin primarily contributes to the rapid antidepressant effects of crocin and is dependent on the gut flora.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Jiye Aa
- Key Lab of Drug Metabolism & Pharmacokinetics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Tongjiaxiang 24, Nanjing 210009, China; (F.X.); (Y.S.); (G.W.)
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13
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Calabrese FM, Genchi VA, Serale N, Celano G, Vacca M, Palma G, Svelto M, Gesualdo L, De Angelis M, Giorgino F, Perrini S. Gut microbiota and fecal volatilome profile inspection in metabolically healthy and unhealthy obesity phenotypes. J Endocrinol Invest 2024:10.1007/s40618-024-02379-2. [PMID: 38904913 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-024-02379-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND People with metabolically healthy (MHO) and metabolically unhealthy obesity (MUO) differ for the presence or absence of cardio-metabolic complications, respectively. OBJECTIVE Based on these differences, we are interested in deepening whether these obesity phenotypes could be linked to changes in microbiota and metabolome profiles. In this respect, the overt role of microbiota taxa composition and relative metabolic profiles is not completely understood. At this aim, biochemical and nutritional parameters, fecal microbiota, metabolome and SCFA compositions were inspected in patients with MHO and MUO under a restrictive diet regimen with a daily intake ranging from 800 to 1200 kcal. METHODS Blood, fecal samples and food questionnaires were collected from healthy controls (HC), and an obese cohort composed of both MHO and MUO patients. Most impacting biochemical/anthropometric variables from an a priori sample stratification were detected by applying a robust statistics approach useful in lowering the background noise. Bacterial taxa and volatile metabolites were assessed by qPCR and gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry, respectively. A targeted GC-MS analyses on SCFAs was also performed. RESULTS Instructed to follow a controlled and restricted daily calorie intake, MHO and MUO patients showed differences in metabolic, gut microbial and volatilome signatures. Our data revealed higher quantities of specific pro-inflammatory taxa (i.e., Desulfovibrio and Prevotella genera) and lower quantities of Clostridium coccoides group in MUO subset. Higher abundances in alkane, ketone, aldehyde, and indole VOC classes together with a lower amount of butanoic acid marked the faecal MUO metabolome. CONCLUSIONS Compared to MHO, MUO subset symptom picture is featured by specific differences in gut pro-inflammatory taxa and metabolites that could have a role in the progression to metabolically unhealthy status and developing of obesity-related cardiometabolic diseases. The approach is suitable to better explain the crosstalk existing among dysmetabolism-related inflammation, nutrient intake, lifestyle, and gut dysbiosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- F M Calabrese
- Department of Soil, Plant and Food Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - V A Genchi
- Section of Internal Medicine, Endocrinology, Andrology and Metabolic Diseases - Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - N Serale
- Department of Soil, Plant and Food Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - G Celano
- Department of Soil, Plant and Food Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - M Vacca
- Department of Soil, Plant and Food Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - G Palma
- Section of Internal Medicine, Endocrinology, Andrology and Metabolic Diseases - Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - M Svelto
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Environment, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - L Gesualdo
- Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation Unit- Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - M De Angelis
- Department of Soil, Plant and Food Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy.
| | - F Giorgino
- Section of Internal Medicine, Endocrinology, Andrology and Metabolic Diseases - Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy.
| | - S Perrini
- Section of Internal Medicine, Endocrinology, Andrology and Metabolic Diseases - Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
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14
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Lou X, Li P, Luo X, Lei Z, Liu X, Liu Y, Gao L, Xu W, Liu X. Dietary patterns interfere with gut microbiota to combat obesity. Front Nutr 2024; 11:1387394. [PMID: 38953044 PMCID: PMC11215203 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1387394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 07/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Obesity and obesity-related metabolic disorders are global epidemics that occur when there is chronic energy intake exceeding energy expenditure. Growing evidence suggests that healthy dietary patterns not only decrease the risk of obesity but also influence the composition and function of the gut microbiota. Numerous studies manifest that the development of obesity is associated with gut microbiota. One promising supplementation strategy is modulating gut microbiota composition by dietary patterns to combat obesity. In this review, we discuss the changes of gut microbiota in obesity and obesity-related metabolic disorders, with a particular emphasis on the impact of dietary components on gut microbiota and how common food patterns can intervene in gut microbiota to prevent obesity. While there is promise in intervening with the gut microbiota to combat obesity through the regulation of dietary patterns, numerous key questions remain unanswered. In this review, we critically review the associations between dietary patterns, gut microbes, and obesity, aiming to contribute to the further development and application of dietary patterns against obesity in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Xiaomeng Liu
- Nutrition and Food Hygiene Laboratory, School of Public Health, Xinxiang Medical College, Xinxiang, China
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15
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Luzzi A, Briata IM, Di Napoli I, Giugliano S, Di Sabatino A, Rescigno M, Cena H. Prebiotics, probiotics, synbiotics and postbiotics to adolescents in metabolic syndrome. Clin Nutr 2024; 43:1433-1446. [PMID: 38704983 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2024.04.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
The prevalence of childhood and adolescent obesity has globally reached alarming dimensions and many adolescents affected by obesity already present one or more obesity-related comorbidities. In recent years, emerging evidence supporting the role of gut microbiota in the pathophysiology of metabolic diseases has been reported and the use of prebiotics, probiotics, synbiotics and postbiotics as a strategy to manipulate gut microbiota has become popular. The aim of this review is to explore the relationship between gut microbiota and metabolic syndrome in adolescents and to discuss the potential use of prebiotics, probiotics, synbiotics and postbiotics for the prevention and treatment of this clinical picture in adolescence. According to the most recent literature, prebiotics, probiotics and synbiotics have no clear effect on MetS, but a possible modulation of anthropometric parameters has been observed after synbiotic supplementation. Only one study has examined the role of postbiotics in alleviating metabolic complications in children with obesity but not in adolescents. More extensive research is needed to support the conclusions drawn so far and to develop effective microbiome-based interventions that may help improving the quality of life of children and adolescents exposed to the increasing prevalence of MetS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessia Luzzi
- Laboratory of Dietetics and Clinical Nutrition, Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; Post Graduate Course in Food Science and Human Nutrition, Università Statale di Milano, 20122 Milan, Italy; Clinical Nutrition Unit, Department of General Medicine, ICS Maugeri IRCCS, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
| | - Irene Maria Briata
- Post Graduate Course in Food Science and Human Nutrition, Università Statale di Milano, 20122 Milan, Italy; Division of Medical Oncology, E.O. Ospedali Galliera, Genoa, Italy.
| | - Ilaria Di Napoli
- Laboratory of Dietetics and Clinical Nutrition, Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
| | - Silvia Giugliano
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, MI, 20072, Italy.
| | - Antonio Di Sabatino
- Department of Internal Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; First Department of Internal Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS San Matteo, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
| | - Maria Rescigno
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, MI, 20072, Italy; IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, 20089 Rozzano, Milan, Italy.
| | - Hellas Cena
- Laboratory of Dietetics and Clinical Nutrition, Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; Clinical Nutrition Unit, Department of General Medicine, ICS Maugeri IRCCS, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
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16
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Yao YX, Yu YJ, Dai S, Zhang CY, Xue XY, Zhou ML, Yao CH, Li YX. Kaempferol efficacy in metabolic diseases: Molecular mechanisms of action in diabetes mellitus, obesity, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, steatohepatitis, and atherosclerosis. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 175:116694. [PMID: 38713943 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2024] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/09/2024] Open
Abstract
The incidence of metabolic diseases has progressively increased, which has a negative impact on human health and life safety globally. Due to the good efficacy and limited side effects, there is growing interest in developing effective drugs to treat metabolic diseases from natural compounds. Kaempferol (KMP), an important flavonoid, exists in many vegetables, fruits, and traditional medicinal plants. Recently, KMP has received widespread attention worldwide due to its good potential in the treatment of metabolic diseases. To promote the basic research and clinical application of KMP, this review provides a timely and comprehensive summary of the pharmacological advances of KMP in the treatment of four metabolic diseases and its potential molecular mechanisms of action, including diabetes mellitus, obesity, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD)/nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), and atherosclerosis. According to the research, KMP shows remarkable therapeutic effects on metabolic diseases by regulating multiple signaling transduction pathways such as NF-κB, Nrf2, AMPK, PI3K/AKT, TLR4, and ER stress. In addition, the most recent literature on KMP's natural source, pharmacokinetics studies, as well as toxicity and safety are also discussed in this review, thus providing a foundation and evidence for further studies to develop novel and effective drugs from natural compounds. Collectively, our manuscript strongly suggested that KMP could be a promising candidate for the treatment of metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Xin Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu 611137, China; School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China; Key Laboratory of Standardization for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Yu-Jie Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu 611137, China; School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China; Key Laboratory of Standardization for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Shu Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu 611137, China; School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China; Key Laboratory of Standardization for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Chao-Yang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu 611137, China; School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China; Key Laboratory of Standardization for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Xin-Yan Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu 611137, China; School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China; Key Laboratory of Standardization for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Meng-Ling Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu 611137, China; School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China; Key Laboratory of Standardization for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Chen-Hao Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu 611137, China; School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China; Key Laboratory of Standardization for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Yun-Xia Li
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu 611137, China; School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China; Key Laboratory of Standardization for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Chengdu 611137, China.
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17
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Melali H, Abdolahi A, Sheikhbahaei E, Vakili K, Mahmoudieh M, Keleidari B, Shahabi S. Impact of Probiotics on Gastrointestinal Function and Metabolic Status After Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass: A Double-Blind, Randomized Trial. Obes Surg 2024; 34:2033-2041. [PMID: 38653887 DOI: 10.1007/s11695-024-07225-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Postoperative changes in gut microbiota may occur in patients undergoing Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery. In this study, we evaluate the impact of administering probiotic tablets on the gastrointestinal function and metabolic status of these patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS This double-blinded randomized clinical trial was conducted from 2021 to 2022 on 135 Roux-en-Y surgery candidates. The intervention group underwent the surgical procedure and started receiving probiotic supplements (Familact Co.) 1 week after surgery; the control group received a placebo. The laboratory and anthropometric data were measured and analyzed before and 3 and 6 months after the intervention. GIQLI questionnaire was also used at the beginning and 6 months after the intervention to evaluate GI symptoms. RESULTS We observed significantly reduced BMI in both groups after surgeries (P < 0.001). The levels of FBS and HbA1C were significantly lower in the probiotic group compared to the placebo in 3 months (P = 0.02 and P = 0.001, respectively) and 6 months (P < 0.001 for both) after the intervention. The levels of vitamin B12 increased significantly in the probiotic group (P < 0.001), and the values were substantially higher than the placebo group in 3 and 6 months (P < 0.001), respectively. Analysis of the GIQLI questionnaire before and 6 months after interventions also revealed significant improvement in the GIQLI score in both groups (P < 0.001 for probiotics and P = 0.03 for placebo). CONCLUSION Probiotic supplement administration following RYGB improves patients' vitamin and metabolic profile, as well as GI function, although it cannot significantly affect weight loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamid Melali
- Isfahan Minimally Invasive Surgery and Obesity Research Center, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Alimeh Abdolahi
- Department of General Surgery, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Science, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Erfan Sheikhbahaei
- Isfahan Minimally Invasive Surgery and Obesity Research Center, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
- Minimally Invasive Surgery Research Center, Division of Minimally Invasive and Bariatric Surgery, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Hazrat-E Rasool General Hospital, Masouri St. Niyayesh St. Satarkhan Ave., Tehran, 14665-354, Iran
| | - Kimia Vakili
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohsen Mahmoudieh
- Isfahan Minimally Invasive Surgery and Obesity Research Center, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Behrouz Keleidari
- Isfahan Minimally Invasive Surgery and Obesity Research Center, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Shahab Shahabi
- Minimally Invasive Surgery Research Center, Division of Minimally Invasive and Bariatric Surgery, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Hazrat-E Rasool General Hospital, Masouri St. Niyayesh St. Satarkhan Ave., Tehran, 14665-354, Iran.
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18
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Panzer JJ, Maples C, Meyer MP, Tillotson G, Theis KR, Chopra T. Gut microbiome alpha diversity decreases in relation to body weight, antibiotic exposure, and infection with multidrug-resistant organisms. Am J Infect Control 2024; 52:707-711. [PMID: 38176539 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajic.2023.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The human gastrointestinal tract is home to a dense and diverse microbiome, predominated by bacteria. Despite the conservation of critical functionality across most individuals, the composition of the gut microbiome is highly individualized, leading to differential responses to perturbations such as oral antibiotics or multidrug-resistant organism (MDRO) infection. Herein, subject responses to these perturbations based on their body weight were evaluated. METHODS Fecal samples were collected from 45 subjects at the Detroit Medical Center to evaluate the effects of perturbations on subjects' gut microbiome composition. Bacterial profiling was completed using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. RESULTS Subjects with multiple MDROs, subjects weighing greater than 80 kg infected with MDRO E coli, and subjects weighing less than 80 kg with exposure to vancomycin and carbapenem antibiotics during hospitalization had significantly decreased gut microbiome richness. CONCLUSIONS Both administration of oral antibiotics and MDRO infections decreased gut microbiome alpha diversity, but the magnitude of these gut microbiome perturbations was body weight dependent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan J Panzer
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI
| | - Catherine Maples
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI
| | | | | | - Kevin R Theis
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI.
| | - Teena Chopra
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI.
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Kan L, Zheng Z, Fu W, Ma Y, Wang W, Qian H, Xu L. Recent progress on engineered micro/nanomaterials mediated modulation of gut microbiota for treating inflammatory bowel disease. J Control Release 2024; 370:43-65. [PMID: 38608876 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2024.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Revised: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a type of chronic recurrent inflammation disease that mainly includes Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. Currently, the treatments for IBD remain highly challenging, with clinical treatment drugs showing limited efficacy and adverse side effects. Thus, developing drug candidates with comprehensive therapeutic effects, high efficiency, and low toxicity is urgently needed. Recently, micro/nanomaterials have attracted considerable interest because of their bioavailability, multitarget and efficient effects on IBD. In addition, gut modulation plays a substantial role in restoring intestinal homeostasis. Therefore, efficient microbiota-based strategies modulating gut microenvironment have great potential in remarkably treating IBD. With the development of micro- and nanomaterials for the treatment of IBD and more in-depth studies of their therapeutic mechanisms, it has been found that these treatments also have a tendency to positively regulate the intestinal flora, resulting in an increase in the beneficial flora and a decrease in the level of pathogenic bacteria, thus regulating the composition of the intestinal flora to a normal state. In this review, we first present the interactions among the immune system, intestinal barrier, and gut microbiome. In addition, recent advances in administration routes and methods that positively arouse the regulation of intestinal flora for IBD using probiotics, prebiotics, and redox-active micro/nanomaterials have been reviewed. Finally, the key challenges and critical perspectives of gut microbiota-based micro/nanomaterial treatment are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingling Kan
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Anhui Provincial Institute of Translational Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, PR China; Anhui Engineering Research Center for Medical Micro-Nano Devices, Hefei, Anhui 230012, PR China
| | - Ziwen Zheng
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Anhui Provincial Institute of Translational Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, PR China; Anhui Engineering Research Center for Medical Micro-Nano Devices, Hefei, Anhui 230012, PR China
| | - Wanyue Fu
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Anhui Provincial Institute of Translational Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, PR China; Anhui Engineering Research Center for Medical Micro-Nano Devices, Hefei, Anhui 230012, PR China
| | - Yan Ma
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Anhui Provincial Institute of Translational Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, PR China; Anhui Engineering Research Center for Medical Micro-Nano Devices, Hefei, Anhui 230012, PR China
| | - Wanni Wang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Anhui Provincial Institute of Translational Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, PR China; Anhui Engineering Research Center for Medical Micro-Nano Devices, Hefei, Anhui 230012, PR China.
| | - Haisheng Qian
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Anhui Provincial Institute of Translational Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, PR China; Anhui Engineering Research Center for Medical Micro-Nano Devices, Hefei, Anhui 230012, PR China.
| | - Lingling Xu
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Anhui Provincial Institute of Translational Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, PR China; Anhui Engineering Research Center for Medical Micro-Nano Devices, Hefei, Anhui 230012, PR China.
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Bouasker S, Nodland S, Millette M. The Probiotic Strain Lactobacillus acidophilus CL1285 Reduces Fat Deposition and Oxidative Stress and Increases Lifespan in Caenorhabditis elegans. Microorganisms 2024; 12:1036. [PMID: 38930418 PMCID: PMC11205358 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12061036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2024] [Revised: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Caenorhabditis elegans was recently shown to be a powerful model for studying and identifying probiotics with specific functions. Lactobacillus acidophilus CL1285, Lacticaseibacillus casei LBC80R, and Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus CLR2, which are three bacteria that were marketed by Bio-K+, were evaluated using the nematode C. elegans to study fat accumulation, lifespan, and resistance to oxidative stress. Although the general effects of probiotics in terms of protection against oxidative stress were highlighted, the CL1285 strain had an interesting and specific feature, namely its ability to prevent fat accumulation in nematodes; this effect was verified by both the Oil Red and Nile Red methods. This observed phenotype requires daf-16 and is affected by glucose levels. In addition, in a daf-16- and glucose-dependent manner, CL1285 extended the lifespan of C. elegans; this effect was unique to CL1285 and not found in the other L. acidophilus subtypes in this study. Our findings indicate that L. acidophilus CL1285 impacts fat/glucose metabolism in C. elegans and provides a basis to further study this probiotic, which could have potential health benefits in humans and/or in mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samir Bouasker
- Bio-K+, a Kerry Company, 495 Boulevard Armand-Frappier, Laval, QC H7V 4B3, Canada;
| | | | - Mathieu Millette
- Bio-K+, a Kerry Company, 495 Boulevard Armand-Frappier, Laval, QC H7V 4B3, Canada;
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Dahiya P, Kumari S, Behl M, Kashyap A, Kumari D, Thakur K, Devi M, Kumari N, Kaushik N, Walia A, Bhatt AK, Bhatia RK. Guardians of the Gut: Harnessing the Power of Probiotic Microbiota and Their Exopolysaccharides to Mitigate Heavy Metal Toxicity in Human for Better Health. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2024:10.1007/s12602-024-10281-9. [PMID: 38733461 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-024-10281-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
Heavy metal pollution is a significant global health concern, posing risks to both the environment and human health. Exposure to heavy metals happens through various channels like contaminated water, food, air, and workplaces, resulting in severe health implications. Heavy metals also disrupt the gut's microbial balance, leading to dysbiosis characterized by a decrease in beneficial microorganisms and proliferation in harmful ones, ultimately exacerbating health problems. Probiotic microorganisms have demonstrated their ability to adsorb and sequester heavy metals, while their exopolysaccharides (EPS) exhibit chelating properties, aiding in mitigating heavy metal toxicity. These beneficial microorganisms aid in restoring gut integrity through processes like biosorption, bioaccumulation, and biotransformation of heavy metals. Incorporating probiotic strains with high affinity for heavy metals into functional foods and supplements presents a practical approach to mitigating heavy metal toxicity while enhancing gut health. Utilizing probiotic microbiota and their exopolysaccharides to address heavy metal toxicity offers a novel method for improving human health through modulation of the gut microbiome. By combining probiotics and exopolysaccharides, a distinctive strategy emerges for mitigating heavy metal toxicity, highlighting promising avenues for therapeutic interventions and health improvements. Further exploration in this domain could lead to groundbreaking therapies and preventive measures, underscoring probiotic microbiota and exopolysaccharides as natural and environmentally friendly solutions to heavy metal toxicity. This, in turn, could enhance public health by safeguarding the gut from environmental contaminants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pushpak Dahiya
- Department of Biotechnology, Himachal Pradesh University, Summer Hill, Shimla, 171005, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Sangeeta Kumari
- Department of Biotechnology, Himachal Pradesh University, Summer Hill, Shimla, 171005, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Manya Behl
- Department of Biotechnology, Himachal Pradesh University, Summer Hill, Shimla, 171005, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Aakash Kashyap
- Department of Biotechnology, Himachal Pradesh University, Summer Hill, Shimla, 171005, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Deeksha Kumari
- Department of Biotechnology, Himachal Pradesh University, Summer Hill, Shimla, 171005, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Kalpana Thakur
- Department of Biotechnology, Himachal Pradesh University, Summer Hill, Shimla, 171005, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Mamta Devi
- Department of Biotechnology, Himachal Pradesh University, Summer Hill, Shimla, 171005, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Neelam Kumari
- Department of Biosciences, Himachal Pradesh University, Summer Hill, Shimla, 171005, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Neelam Kaushik
- Department of Biotechnology, Himachal Pradesh University, Summer Hill, Shimla, 171005, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Abhishek Walia
- Department of Microbiology, College of Basic Sciences, CSK HPKV, Palampur, HP, 176062, India
| | - Arvind Kumar Bhatt
- Department of Biotechnology, Himachal Pradesh University, Summer Hill, Shimla, 171005, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Ravi Kant Bhatia
- Department of Biotechnology, Himachal Pradesh University, Summer Hill, Shimla, 171005, Himachal Pradesh, India.
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Nobili A, Pane M, Skvortsova M, Ben Salem M, Morgenthaler S, Jamieson E, Di Stefano M, Bathrellou E, Mamalaki E, Ramos-Garcia V, Kuligowski J, Vasileiadis M, Georgiadis P, Falcone M, Refinetti P. Innovative Biomarkers for Obesity and Type 1 Diabetes Based on Bifidobacterium and Metabolomic Profiling. Microorganisms 2024; 12:931. [PMID: 38792760 PMCID: PMC11124356 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12050931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2024] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
The role of Bifidobacterium species and microbial metabolites such as short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and human milk oligosaccharides in controlling intestinal inflammation and the pathogenesis of obesity and type 1 diabetes (T1D) has been largely studied in recent years. This paper discusses the discovery of signature biomarkers for obesity and T1D based on data from a novel test for profiling several Bifidobacterium species, combined with metabolomic analysis. Through the NUTRISHIELD clinical study, a total of 98 children were recruited: 40 healthy controls, 40 type 1 diabetics, and 18 obese children. Bifidobacterium profiles were assessed in stool samples through an innovative test allowing high taxonomic resolution and precise quantification, while SCFAs and branched amino acids were measured in urine samples through gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). KIDMED questionnaires were used to evaluate the children's dietary habits and correlate them with the Bifidobacterium and metabolomic profiles. We found that B. longum subs. infantis and B. breve were higher in individuals with obesity, while B. bifidum and B. longum subs. longum were lower compared to healthy individuals. In individuals with T1D, alterations were found at the metabolic level, with an overall increase in the level of the most measured metabolites. The high taxonomic resolution of the Bifidobacterium test used meant strong correlations between the concentrations of valine and isoleucine, and the relative abundance of some Bifidobacterium species such as B. longum subs. infantis, B. breve, and B. bifidum could be observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelica Nobili
- Autoimmune Pathogenesis Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy; (A.N.); (M.D.S.); (M.F.)
| | - Marco Pane
- Probiotical Research, 28100 Novara, Italy;
| | - Mariya Skvortsova
- REM Analytics SA, 1870 Monthey, Switzerland; (M.S.); (M.B.S.); (S.M.); (E.J.)
| | - Meryam Ben Salem
- REM Analytics SA, 1870 Monthey, Switzerland; (M.S.); (M.B.S.); (S.M.); (E.J.)
| | - Stephan Morgenthaler
- REM Analytics SA, 1870 Monthey, Switzerland; (M.S.); (M.B.S.); (S.M.); (E.J.)
- Department of Mathematics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Emily Jamieson
- REM Analytics SA, 1870 Monthey, Switzerland; (M.S.); (M.B.S.); (S.M.); (E.J.)
| | - Marina Di Stefano
- Autoimmune Pathogenesis Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy; (A.N.); (M.D.S.); (M.F.)
| | - Eirini Bathrellou
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Harokopio University, 17676 Athens, Greece; (E.B.); (E.M.)
| | - Eirini Mamalaki
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Harokopio University, 17676 Athens, Greece; (E.B.); (E.M.)
| | - Victoria Ramos-Garcia
- Neonatal Research Group, Health Research Institute La Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain; (V.R.-G.); (J.K.)
| | - Julia Kuligowski
- Neonatal Research Group, Health Research Institute La Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain; (V.R.-G.); (J.K.)
| | | | | | - Marika Falcone
- Autoimmune Pathogenesis Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy; (A.N.); (M.D.S.); (M.F.)
| | - Paulo Refinetti
- REM Analytics SA, 1870 Monthey, Switzerland; (M.S.); (M.B.S.); (S.M.); (E.J.)
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Zhang W, Yu L, Yang Q, Zhang J, Wang W, Hu X, Li J, Zheng G. Smilax China L. polysaccharide prevents HFD induced-NAFLD by regulating hepatic fat metabolism and gut microbiota. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 127:155478. [PMID: 38452696 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2024.155478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2023] [Revised: 01/28/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The increasing incidence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has urged the development of new therapeutics. NAFLD is intimately linked to gut microbiota due to the hepatic portal system, and utilizing natural polysaccharides as prebiotics has become a prospective strategy for preventing NAFLD. Smilax china L. polysaccharide (SCP) possesses excellent hepatoprotective and anti-inflammatory activity. However, its protective effects on NAFLD remains unclear. PURPOSE The goal of this study was to explore the protective effects of SCP on high-fat diet (HFD)-induced NAFLD mice by regulating hepatic fat metabolism and gut microbiota. METHODS Extraction and isolation from Smilax china L. rhizome to obtain SCP. C57BL/6 J mice were distributed to six groups: Control (normal chow diet), HFD-fed mice were assigned to HFD, simvastatin (SVT), and low-, medium-, high-doses of SCP for 12 weeks. The body, liver, and different adipose tissues weights were detected, and lipids in serum and liver were assessed. RT-PCR and Western blot were used to detect the hepatic fat metabolism-related genes and proteins. Gut microbiota of cecum contents was profiled through 16S rRNA gene sequencing. RESULTS SCP effectively reversed HFD-induced increase weights of body, liver, and different adipose tissues. Lipid levels of serum and liver were also significantly reduced after SCP intervention. According to the results of RT-PCR and western blot analysis, SCP treatment up-regulated the genes and proteins related to lipolysis were up-regulated, while lipogenesis-related genes and proteins were down-regulated. Furthermore, the HFD-induced dysbiosis of intestinal microbiota was similarly repaired by SCP intervention, including enriching beneficial bacteria and depleting harmful bacteria. CONCLUSION SCP could effectively prevent HFD-induced NAFLD, might be considered as a prebiotic agent due to its excellent effects on altering hepatic fat metabolism and maintaining gut microbiota homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenkai Zhang
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Natural Product and Functional Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, PR China
| | - Longhui Yu
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Natural Product and Functional Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, PR China
| | - Qinru Yang
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Natural Product and Functional Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, PR China
| | - Jinfeng Zhang
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Natural Product and Functional Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, PR China
| | - Wenjing Wang
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Natural Product and Functional Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, PR China
| | - Xinru Hu
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Natural Product and Functional Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, PR China
| | - Jingen Li
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Natural Product and Functional Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, PR China.
| | - Guodong Zheng
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Natural Product and Functional Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, PR China.
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Zhang Z, Lv T, Wang X, Wu M, Zhang R, Yang X, Fu Y, Liu Z. Role of the microbiota-gut-heart axis between bile acids and cardiovascular disease. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 174:116567. [PMID: 38583340 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Bile acid (BA) receptors (e.g., farnesoid X-activated receptor, muscarinic receptor) are expressed in cardiomyocytes, endothelial cells, and vascular smooth muscle cells, indicating the relevance of BAs to cardiovascular disease (CVD). Hydrophobic BAs are cardiotoxic, while hydrophilic BAs are cardioprotective. For example, fetal cardiac insufficiency in maternal intrahepatic cholestasis during pregnancy, and the degree of fetal cardiac abnormality, is closely related to the level of hydrophobic BAs in maternal blood and infant blood. However, ursodeoxycholic acid (the most hydrophilic BA) can reverse/prevent these detrimental effects of increased levels of hydrophobic BAs on the heart. The gut microbiota (GM) and GM metabolites (especially secondary BAs) have crucial roles in hypertension, atherosclerosis, unstable angina, and heart failure. Herein, we describe the relationship between CVD and the GM at the BA level. We combine the concept of the "microbiota-gut-heart axis" (MGHA) and postulate the role and mechanism of BAs in CVD development. In addition, the strategies for treating CVD with BAs under the MGHA are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyi Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, PR China; Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Tingting Lv
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, PR China; Department of Cardiology, Shaoxing People's Hospital (Shaoxing Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine), Shaoxing, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Xiang Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Menglu Wu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Ruolin Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Xiaopeng Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Yongping Fu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, PR China.
| | - Zheng Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, PR China.
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Parvaneh M, Jamaluddin R, Ebrahimi M, Karimi G, Sabran MR. Assessing the effects of probiotic supplementation, single strain versus mixed strains, on femoral mineral density and osteoblastic gene mRNA expression in rats. J Bone Miner Metab 2024; 42:290-301. [PMID: 38796648 DOI: 10.1007/s00774-024-01512-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/28/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Osteoporosis is a significant health concern characterized by weak and porous bones, particularly affecting menopausal women aged 50 and above, leading to increased risk of hip fractures and associated morbidity and mortality. MATERIALS AND METHODS We conducted a study to assess the efficacy of single-strain versus mixed-strain probiotic supplementation on bone health using an ovariectomy (OVX) rat model of induced bone loss. The probiotics evaluated were Lactobacillus helveticus (L. helveticus), Bifidobacterium longum (B. longum), and a combination of both. Rats were divided into five groups: SHAM (Control negative), OVX (Control positive), OVX +L. helveticus, OVX + B. longum, and OVX + mixed L. helveticus and B. longum. Daily oral administration of probiotics at 10^8-10^9 CFU/mL began two weeks post-surgery and continued for 16 weeks. RESULTS Both single-strain and mixed-strain probiotic supplementation upregulated expression of osteoblastic genes (BMP- 2, RUNX-2, OSX), increased serum osteocalcin (OC) levels, and improved bone formation parameters. Serum C-terminal telopeptide (CTX) levels and bone resorption parameters were reduced. However, the single-strain supplementation demonstrated superior efficacy compared to the mixed-strain approach. CONCLUSION Supplementation with B. longum and L. helveticus significantly reduces bone resorption and improves bone health in OVX rats, with single-strain supplementation showing greater efficacy compared to a mixed-strain combination. These findings highlight the potential of probiotics as a therapeutic intervention for osteoporosis, warranting further investigation in human studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Parvaneh
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43300, Serdang, Malaysia
- Charles Perkins Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Rosita Jamaluddin
- Department of Dietetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43300, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Mahdi Ebrahimi
- Department of Veterinary Pre-Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Golgis Karimi
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43300, Serdang, Malaysia
- NewGen, Administrative Service, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Mohd Redzwan Sabran
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43300, Serdang, Malaysia.
- Laboratory of Food Safety and Food Integrity, Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Food Security (ITAFoS), Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
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Choi SI, Kim N, Choi Y, Nam RH, Jang JY, Cho SY. The Effect of Clostridium butyricum on Gut Microbial Changes and Functional Profiles of Metabolism in High-fat Diet-fed Rats Depending on Age and Sex. J Neurogastroenterol Motil 2024; 30:236-250. [PMID: 38576373 PMCID: PMC10999835 DOI: 10.5056/jnm23096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Background/Aims A high-fat diet (HFD) causes dysbiosis and promotes inflammatory responses in the colon. This study aims to evaluate the effects of Clostridium butyricum on HFD-induced gut microbial changes in rats. Methods Six-week-old Fischer-344 rats with both sexes were given a control or HFD during 8 weeks, and 1-to-100-fold diluted Clostridium butyricum were administered by gavage. Fecal microbiota analyses were conducted using 16S ribosomal RNA metagenomic sequencing and predictive functional profiling of microbial communities in metabolism. Results A significant increase in Ruminococcaceae and Lachnospiraceae, which are butyric acid-producing bacterial families, was observed in the probiotics groups depending on sex. In contrast, Akkermansia muciniphila, which increased through a HFD regardless of sex, and decreased in the probiotics groups. A. muciniphila positively correlated with Claudin-1 expression in males (P < 0.001) and negatively correlated with the expression of Claudin-2 (P = 0.042), IL-1β (P = 0.037), and IL-6 (P = 0.044) in females. In terms of functional analyses, a HFD decreased the relative abundances of M00131 (carbohydrate metabolism module), M00579, and M00608 (energy metabolism), and increased those of M00307 (carbohydrate metabolism), regardless of sex. However, these changes recovered especially in male C. butyricum groups. Furthermore, M00131, M00579, and M00608 showed a positive correlation and M00307 showed a negative correlation with the relative abundance of A. muciniphila (P < 0.001). Conclusion The beneficial effects of C. butyricum on HFD-induced gut dysbiosis in young male rats originate from the functional profiles of carbohydrate and energy metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soo In Choi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
- Departments of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Nayoung Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
- Departments of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yonghoon Choi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - Ryoung Hee Nam
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - Jae Young Jang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
- Departments of Medical Device Development, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sung-Yup Cho
- Departments of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Lu J, Gong X, Zhang C, Yang T, Pei D. A multi-omics approach to investigate characteristics of gut microbiota and metabolites in hypertension and diabetic nephropathy SPF rat models. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1356176. [PMID: 38741742 PMCID: PMC11089221 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1356176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Imbalance in intestinal microbiota caused by microbial species and proportions or metabolites derived from microbes are associated with hypertension, as well as diabetic nephropathy. However, the involvement of the intestinal microbiota and metabolites in hypertension and diabetic nephropathy comorbidities (HDN) remains to be elucidated. Methods We investigated the effects of intestinal microbiota on HDN in a rat model and determined the abundance of the intestinal microbiota using 16S rRNA sequencing. Changes in fecal and serum metabolites were analyzed using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Results The results showed abundance of Proteobacteria and Verrucomicrobia was substantially higher, whereas that of Bacteroidetes was significant lower in the HDN group than in the sham group. Akkermansia, Bacteroides, Blautia, Turicibacter, Lactobacillus, Romboutsia, and Fusicatenibacter were the most abundant, and Prevotella, Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136_group, and Prevotella_9 were the least abundant in the HDN group. Further analysis with bile acid metabolites in serum showed that Blautia was negatively correlated with taurochenodeoxycholic acid, taurocholic acid, positively correlated with cholic acid and glycocholic acid in serum. Conclusions These findings suggest that the gut microbiota and metabolites in feces and serum substantially differed between the HDN and sham groups. The F/B ratio was higher in the HDN group than in the sham group. Blautia is potentially associated with HDN that correlated with differentially expressed bile acid metabolites, which might regulate the pathogenesis of HDN via the microorganism-gut-metabolite axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinjing Lu
- Department of Health Management, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xiaoying Gong
- Department of Critical Care Unit, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Chenlu Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Tengfei Yang
- Department of Health Management, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Dongmei Pei
- Department of Health Management, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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Magalhães MI, Azevedo MJ, Castro F, Oliveira MJ, Costa ÂM, Sampaio Maia B. The link between obesity and the gut microbiota and immune system in early-life. Crit Rev Microbiol 2024:1-21. [PMID: 38651972 DOI: 10.1080/1040841x.2024.2342427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
In early-life, the gut microbiota is highly modifiable, being modulated by external factors such as maternal microbiota, mode of delivery, and feeding strategies. The composition of the child's gut microbiota will deeply impact the development and maturation of its immune system, with consequences for future health. As one of the main sources of microorganisms to the child, the mother represents a crucial factor in the establishment of early-life microbiota, impacting the infant's wellbeing. Recent studies have proposed that dysbiotic maternal gut microbiota could be transmitted to the offspring, influencing the development of its immunity, and leading to the development of diseases such as obesity. This paper aims to review recent findings in gut microbiota and immune system interaction in early-life, highlighting the benefits of a balanced gut microbiota in the regulation of the immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Inês Magalhães
- Doctoral Program in Biomedical Sciences, ICBAS - Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Nephrology and Infectious Diseases R&D group, i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Tumor and Microenvironment Interactions group, i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- nBTT, NanoBiomaterials for Targeted Therapies group, i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- FMDUP - Faculdade de Medicina Dentária da Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Maria João Azevedo
- Nephrology and Infectious Diseases R&D group, i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- nBTT, NanoBiomaterials for Targeted Therapies group, i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- FMDUP - Faculdade de Medicina Dentária da Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Academic Center for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), Universiteit van Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Flávia Castro
- Tumor and Microenvironment Interactions group, i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Maria José Oliveira
- Tumor and Microenvironment Interactions group, i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Ângela M Costa
- Tumor and Microenvironment Interactions group, i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Benedita Sampaio Maia
- Nephrology and Infectious Diseases R&D group, i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- nBTT, NanoBiomaterials for Targeted Therapies group, i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- FMDUP - Faculdade de Medicina Dentária da Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
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Han AL, Ryu MS, Yang HJ, Jeong DY, Choi KH. Evaluation of Menopausal Syndrome Relief and Anti-Obesity Efficacy of the Korean Fermented Food Doenjang: A Randomized, Double-Blind Clinical Trial. Nutrients 2024; 16:1194. [PMID: 38674884 PMCID: PMC11054397 DOI: 10.3390/nu16081194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Foods that help improve menopausal syndrome are being studied worldwide. Doenjang is a traditional Korean fermented soybean food with potential health benefits for menopausal women. In this clinical trial using Doenjang, we aimed to compare the effectiveness of traditional Doenjang and commercial Doenjang in menopausal women. Furthermore, we compared whether Doenjang has a better effect if the number of beneficial microbes is higher. The analyses included the following groups: traditional Doenjang containing either a high dose (HDC; n = 18) or low dose (LDC; n = 18) of beneficial microbes and commercial Doenjang (CD; n = 20). The Kupperman index and hematological changes were examined before and after the use of Doenjang pills. The effects of Doenjang on obesity and body composition were studied before and after ingestion. Lastly, the microorganisms and short-chain fatty acid changes in the stool were compared. The Kupperman index decreased after Doenjang consumption in all three groups, with the greatest decrease in the LDC group. Only the groups that took traditional Doenjang pills exhibited reduced LDL cholesterol. No changes in obesity and inflammation-related indicators were observed. The number of Firmicutes, associated with obesity, decreased in the CD group but the numbers of Bacteroidetes increased in the HDC and CD groups. Thus, traditional Doenjang is more effective in alleviating menopausal syndrome than commercial Doenjang. Further research on the anti-obesity effect or changes in microbiomes and short-chain fatty acids in feces is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Lum Han
- Department of Family Medicine, Wonkwang University Hospital, Iksan 54538, Republic of Korea
| | - Myeong Seon Ryu
- Microbial Institute for Fermentation Industry, Sunchang 56048, Republic of Korea; (M.S.R.); (H.-J.Y.); (D.-Y.J.)
| | - Hee-Jong Yang
- Microbial Institute for Fermentation Industry, Sunchang 56048, Republic of Korea; (M.S.R.); (H.-J.Y.); (D.-Y.J.)
| | - Do-Youn Jeong
- Microbial Institute for Fermentation Industry, Sunchang 56048, Republic of Korea; (M.S.R.); (H.-J.Y.); (D.-Y.J.)
| | - Keum Ha Choi
- Departments of Pathology, Wonkwang University Hospital, Iksan 54538, Republic of Korea;
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Das TK, Kar P, Panchali T, Khatun A, Dutta A, Ghosh S, Chakrabarti S, Pradhan S, Mondal KC, Ghosh K. Anti-obesity potentiality of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum E2_MCCKT isolated from a fermented beverage, haria: a high fat diet-induced obese mice model study. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 40:168. [PMID: 38630156 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-024-03983-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
Obesity is a growing epidemic worldwide. Several pharmacologic drugs are being used to treat obesity but these medicines exhibit side effects. To find out the alternatives of these drugs, we aimed to assess the probiotic properties and anti-obesity potentiality of a lactic acid bacterium E2_MCCKT, isolated from a traditional fermented rice beverage, haria. Based on the 16S rRNA sequencing, the bacterium was identified as Lactiplantibacillus plantarum E2_MCCKT. The bacterium exhibited in vitro probiotic activity in terms of high survivability in an acidic environment and 2% bile salt, moderate auto-aggregation, and hydrophobicity. Later, E2_MCCKT was applied to obese mice to prove its anti-obesity potentiality. Adult male mice (15.39 ± 0.19 g) were randomly divided into three groups (n = 5) according to the type of diet: normal diet (ND), high-fat diet (HFD), and HFD supplemented with E2_MCCKT (HFT). After four weeks of bacterial treatment on the obese mice, a significant reduction of body weight, triglyceride, and cholesterol levels, whereas, improvements in serum glucose levels were observed. The bacterial therapy led to mRNA up-regulation of lipolytic transcription factors such as peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-α which may increase the expression of fatty acid oxidation-related genes such as acyl-CoA oxidase and carnitine palmitoyl-transferase-1. Concomitantly, both adipocytogenesis and fatty acid synthesis were arrested as reflected by the down-regulation of sterol-regulatory element-binding protein-1c, acetyl-CoA carboxylase, and fatty acid synthase genes. In protein expression study, E2_MCCKT significantly increased IL-10 expression while decreasing pro-inflammatory cytokine (IL-1Ra and TNF-α) expression. In conclusion, the probiotic Lp. plantarum E2_MCCKT might have significant anti-obesity effects on mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tridip Kumar Das
- Department of Biological Sciences, Midnapore City College, Midnapore, 721129, West Bengal, India
- Biodiversity and Environmental Studies Research Center, Midnapore City College Affiliated to Vidyasagar University, Midnapore, West Bengal, India
| | - Priyanka Kar
- Department of Biological Sciences, Midnapore City College, Midnapore, 721129, West Bengal, India
- Biodiversity and Environmental Studies Research Center, Midnapore City College Affiliated to Vidyasagar University, Midnapore, West Bengal, India
| | - Titli Panchali
- Department of Biological Sciences, Midnapore City College, Midnapore, 721129, West Bengal, India
- Biodiversity and Environmental Studies Research Center, Midnapore City College Affiliated to Vidyasagar University, Midnapore, West Bengal, India
| | - Amina Khatun
- Department of Biological Sciences, Midnapore City College, Midnapore, 721129, West Bengal, India
- Biodiversity and Environmental Studies Research Center, Midnapore City College Affiliated to Vidyasagar University, Midnapore, West Bengal, India
| | - Ananya Dutta
- Department of Biological Sciences, Midnapore City College, Midnapore, 721129, West Bengal, India
- Biodiversity and Environmental Studies Research Center, Midnapore City College Affiliated to Vidyasagar University, Midnapore, West Bengal, India
| | - Smita Ghosh
- Department of Biological Sciences, Midnapore City College, Midnapore, 721129, West Bengal, India
- Biodiversity and Environmental Studies Research Center, Midnapore City College Affiliated to Vidyasagar University, Midnapore, West Bengal, India
| | - Sudipta Chakrabarti
- Department of Biological Sciences, Midnapore City College, Midnapore, 721129, West Bengal, India
| | - Shrabani Pradhan
- Department of Biological Sciences, Midnapore City College, Midnapore, 721129, West Bengal, India
| | - Keshab Chandra Mondal
- Department of Microbiology, Vidyasagar University, Midnapore, 721102, West Bengal, India
| | - Kuntal Ghosh
- Department of Biological Sciences, Midnapore City College, Midnapore, 721129, West Bengal, India.
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Bertuccioli A, Zonzini GB, Cazzaniga M, Cardinali M, Di Pierro F, Gregoretti A, Zerbinati N, Guasti L, Matera MR, Cavecchia I, Palazzi CM. Sports-Related Gastrointestinal Disorders: From the Microbiota to the Possible Role of Nutraceuticals, a Narrative Analysis. Microorganisms 2024; 12:804. [PMID: 38674748 PMCID: PMC11051759 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12040804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Revised: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Intense physical exercise can be related to a significant incidence of gastrointestinal symptoms, with a prevalence documented in the literature above 80%, especially for more intense forms such as running. This is in an initial phase due to the distancing of the flow of blood from the digestive system to the skeletal muscle and thermoregulatory systems, and secondarily to sympathetic nervous activation and hormonal response with alteration of intestinal motility, transit, and nutrient absorption capacity. The sum of these effects results in a localized inflammatory process with disruption of the intestinal microbiota and, in the long term, systemic inflammation. The most frequent early symptoms include abdominal cramps, flatulence, the urge to defecate, rectal bleeding, diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, regurgitation, chest pain, heartburn, and belching. Promoting the stability of the microbiota can contribute to the maintenance of correct intestinal permeability and functionality, with better control of these symptoms. The literature documents various acute and chronic alterations of the microbiota following the practice of different types of activities. Several nutraceuticals can have functional effects on the control of inflammatory dynamics and the stability of the microbiota, exerting both nutraceutical and prebiotic effects. In particular, curcumin, green tea catechins, boswellia, berberine, and cranberry PACs can show functional characteristics in the management of these situations. This narrative review will describe its application potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Bertuccioli
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, 61122 Urbino, Italy; (A.B.); (G.B.Z.); (M.C.)
- Microbiota International Clinical Society, 10123 Torino, Italy; (M.C.); (F.D.P.); (A.G.); (M.R.M.); (I.C.)
| | - Giordano Bruno Zonzini
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, 61122 Urbino, Italy; (A.B.); (G.B.Z.); (M.C.)
| | - Massimiliano Cazzaniga
- Microbiota International Clinical Society, 10123 Torino, Italy; (M.C.); (F.D.P.); (A.G.); (M.R.M.); (I.C.)
- Scientific & Research Department, Velleja Research, 20125 Milano, Italy
| | - Marco Cardinali
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, 61122 Urbino, Italy; (A.B.); (G.B.Z.); (M.C.)
- Department of Internal Medicine, Infermi Hospital, AUSL Romagna, 47921 Rimini, Italy
| | - Francesco Di Pierro
- Microbiota International Clinical Society, 10123 Torino, Italy; (M.C.); (F.D.P.); (A.G.); (M.R.M.); (I.C.)
- Scientific & Research Department, Velleja Research, 20125 Milano, Italy
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insurbia, 21100 Varese, Italy; (N.Z.); (L.G.)
| | - Aurora Gregoretti
- Microbiota International Clinical Society, 10123 Torino, Italy; (M.C.); (F.D.P.); (A.G.); (M.R.M.); (I.C.)
| | - Nicola Zerbinati
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insurbia, 21100 Varese, Italy; (N.Z.); (L.G.)
| | - Luigina Guasti
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insurbia, 21100 Varese, Italy; (N.Z.); (L.G.)
| | - Maria Rosaria Matera
- Microbiota International Clinical Society, 10123 Torino, Italy; (M.C.); (F.D.P.); (A.G.); (M.R.M.); (I.C.)
| | - Ilaria Cavecchia
- Microbiota International Clinical Society, 10123 Torino, Italy; (M.C.); (F.D.P.); (A.G.); (M.R.M.); (I.C.)
| | - Chiara Maria Palazzi
- Microbiota International Clinical Society, 10123 Torino, Italy; (M.C.); (F.D.P.); (A.G.); (M.R.M.); (I.C.)
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Zuo G, Chen M, Zuo Y, Liu F, Yang Y, Li J, Zhou X, Li M, Huang JA, Liu Z, Lin Y. Tea Polyphenol Epigallocatechin Gallate Protects Against Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Associated Endotoxemia in Rats via Modulating Gut Microbiota Dysbiosis and Alleviating Intestinal Barrier Dysfunction and Related Inflammation. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024. [PMID: 38607257 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c04832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is characterized by fat accumulation and inflammation. Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) has been proven to be effective against NAFLD, but its hepatoprotective mechanisms based on the "gut microbiota-barrier-liver axis" are still not fully understood. Herein, the results demonstrated that EGCG effectively ameliorated NAFLD phenotypes and metabolic disorders in rats fed a high-fat diet (HFD), and inhibited intestinal barrier dysfunction and inflammation, which is also supported in the experiment of Caco-2 cells. Moreover, EGCG could restore gut microbiota diversity and composition, particularly promoting beneficial microbes, including short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) producers, such as Lactobacillus, and suppressing Gram-negative bacteria, such as Desulfovibrio. The microbial modulation raised SCFA levels, decreased lipopolysaccharide levels, inhibited the TLR4/NF-κB pathway, and strengthened intestinal barrier function via Nrf2 pathway activation, thereby alleviating liver steatosis and inflammation. Spearman's correlation analysis showed that 24 key OTUs, negatively or positively associated with NAFLD and metabolic disorders, were also reshaped by EGCG. Our results suggested that a combinative improvement of EGCG on gut microbiota dysbiosis, intestinal barrier dysfunction, and inflammation might be a potential therapeutic target for NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaolong Zuo
- Key Laboratory of Tea Science of Ministry of Education, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, PR China
| | - Meiyan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Tea Science of Ministry of Education, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, PR China
| | - Yingpeng Zuo
- National Research Center of Engineering & Technology for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, PR China
| | - Fen Liu
- Key Laboratory of Tea Science of Ministry of Education, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, PR China
| | - Yuzhu Yang
- National Research Center of Engineering & Technology for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, PR China
| | - Jie Li
- Co-Innovation Centre of Education Ministry for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, PR China
| | - Xirui Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Tea Science of Ministry of Education, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, PR China
| | - Menghua Li
- Key Laboratory of Tea Science of Ministry of Education, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, PR China
| | - Jian-An Huang
- Key Laboratory of Tea Science of Ministry of Education, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, PR China
- National Research Center of Engineering & Technology for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, PR China
| | - Zhonghua Liu
- Key Laboratory of Tea Science of Ministry of Education, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, PR China
- National Research Center of Engineering & Technology for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, PR China
- Co-Innovation Centre of Education Ministry for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, PR China
| | - Yong Lin
- Key Laboratory of Tea Science of Ministry of Education, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, PR China
- National Research Center of Engineering & Technology for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, PR China
- Co-Innovation Centre of Education Ministry for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, PR China
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Zhanbo Q, Jing Z, Shugao H, Yinhang W, Jian C, Xiang Y, Feimin Z, Jian L, Xinyue W, Wei W, Shuwen H. Age and aging process alter the gut microbes. Aging (Albany NY) 2024; 16:6839-6851. [PMID: 38613799 PMCID: PMC11087091 DOI: 10.18632/aging.205728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/15/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gut microbes and age are both factors that influence the development of disease. The community structure of gut microbes is affected by age. OBJECTIVE To plot time-dependent gut microbe profiles in individuals over 45 years old and explore the correlation between age and gut microbes. METHODS Fecal samples were collected from 510 healthy individuals over 45 years old. Shannon index, Simpson index, Ace index, etc. were used to analyze the diversity of gut microbes. The beta diversity analysis, including non-metric multidimensional scaling (NMDS), was used to analyze community distribution. Linear discriminant analysis (LDA) and random forest (RF) algorithm were used to analyze the differences of gut microbes. Trend analysis was used to plot the abundances of characteristic gut microbes in different ages. RESULTS The individuals aged 45-49 had the highest richness of gut bacteria. Fifteen characteristic gut microbes, including Siphoviridae and Bifidobacterium breve, were screened by RF algorithm. The abundance of Ligiactobacillus and Microviridae were higher in individuals older than 65 years. Moreover, the abundance of Blautia_A massiliensis, Lubbockvirus and Enterocloster clostridioformis decreased with age and the abundance of Klebsiella variicola and Prevotella increased with age. The functional genes, such as human diseases and aging, were significantly different among different aged individuals. CONCLUSIONS The individuals in different ages have characteristic gut microbes. The changes in community structure of gut microbes may be related to age-induced diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qu Zhanbo
- Fifth School of Clinical Medicine of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Huzhou Central Hospital), Huzhou 313000, Zhejiang, China
- Huzhou Central Hospital, Affiliated Central Hospital Huzhou University, Huzhou 313000, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Multiomics Research and Clinical Transformation of Digestive Cancer, Huzhou 313000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhuang Jing
- Fifth School of Clinical Medicine of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Huzhou Central Hospital), Huzhou 313000, Zhejiang, China
- Huzhou Central Hospital, Affiliated Central Hospital Huzhou University, Huzhou 313000, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Multiomics Research and Clinical Transformation of Digestive Cancer, Huzhou 313000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Han Shugao
- The Second Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310017, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wu Yinhang
- Fifth School of Clinical Medicine of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Huzhou Central Hospital), Huzhou 313000, Zhejiang, China
- Huzhou Central Hospital, Affiliated Central Hospital Huzhou University, Huzhou 313000, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Multiomics Research and Clinical Transformation of Digestive Cancer, Huzhou 313000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chu Jian
- Fifth School of Clinical Medicine of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Huzhou Central Hospital), Huzhou 313000, Zhejiang, China
- Huzhou Central Hospital, Affiliated Central Hospital Huzhou University, Huzhou 313000, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Multiomics Research and Clinical Transformation of Digestive Cancer, Huzhou 313000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yu Xiang
- Fifth School of Clinical Medicine of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Huzhou Central Hospital), Huzhou 313000, Zhejiang, China
- Huzhou Central Hospital, Affiliated Central Hospital Huzhou University, Huzhou 313000, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Multiomics Research and Clinical Transformation of Digestive Cancer, Huzhou 313000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhao Feimin
- Fifth School of Clinical Medicine of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Huzhou Central Hospital), Huzhou 313000, Zhejiang, China
- Huzhou Central Hospital, Affiliated Central Hospital Huzhou University, Huzhou 313000, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Multiomics Research and Clinical Transformation of Digestive Cancer, Huzhou 313000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Liu Jian
- Fifth School of Clinical Medicine of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Huzhou Central Hospital), Huzhou 313000, Zhejiang, China
- Huzhou Central Hospital, Affiliated Central Hospital Huzhou University, Huzhou 313000, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Multiomics Research and Clinical Transformation of Digestive Cancer, Huzhou 313000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wu Xinyue
- Fifth School of Clinical Medicine of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Huzhou Central Hospital), Huzhou 313000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wu Wei
- Fifth School of Clinical Medicine of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Huzhou Central Hospital), Huzhou 313000, Zhejiang, China
- Huzhou Central Hospital, Affiliated Central Hospital Huzhou University, Huzhou 313000, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Multiomics Research and Clinical Transformation of Digestive Cancer, Huzhou 313000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Han Shuwen
- Fifth School of Clinical Medicine of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Huzhou Central Hospital), Huzhou 313000, Zhejiang, China
- Huzhou Central Hospital, Affiliated Central Hospital Huzhou University, Huzhou 313000, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Multiomics Research and Clinical Transformation of Digestive Cancer, Huzhou 313000, Zhejiang, China
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Hong Y, Song G, Feng X, Niu J, Wang L, Yang C, Luo X, Zhou S, Ma W. The Probiotic Kluyveromyces lactis JSA 18 Alleviates Obesity and Hyperlipidemia in High-Fat Diet C57BL/6J Mice. Foods 2024; 13:1124. [PMID: 38611428 PMCID: PMC11011337 DOI: 10.3390/foods13071124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 03/30/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Obesity poses a significant threat to various health conditions such as heart diseases, diabetes, high blood pressure, and heart attack, with the gut microbiota playing a crucial role in maintaining the body's energy balance. We identified a novel probiotic fungal strain, Kluyveromyces lactis JSA 18 (K. lactis), which was isolated from yak milk and was found to possess anti-obesity properties. Additionally, Lactobacillus plantarum CGMCC 8198 (LP8198) from our previous study was also included to evaluate its anti-obesity properties. The findings indicated that K. lactis caused a notable reduction in weight gain, liver and fat indexes, and hyperlipidemia in mice fed a high-fat diet (HFD). Administering K. lactis and LP8198 to mice on a high-fat diet resulted in a reduction of serum triglyceride levels. Furthermore, the supplements reduced ALT and AST activity, and inhibited the production of inflammatory cytokines such as TNF-α and IL-1β. In addition, lipid metabolism was enhanced by the downregulation of ACC1, PPAR-γ, SREBP-1, and Fasn. Moreover, this study found that K. lactis and LP8198 have little effect on gut bacteria. Additionally, K. lactis partially influenced intestinal fungi, while LP8198 had a minor influence on gut mycobiota. The main goal of this research was to show how effective K. lactis can be as a probiotic in combating obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingxiang Hong
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology of the Ministry of Education, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China; (Y.H.); (G.S.); (X.F.); (J.N.); (L.W.); (C.Y.); (X.L.); (W.M.)
| | - Guodong Song
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology of the Ministry of Education, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China; (Y.H.); (G.S.); (X.F.); (J.N.); (L.W.); (C.Y.); (X.L.); (W.M.)
| | - Xiaoqian Feng
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology of the Ministry of Education, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China; (Y.H.); (G.S.); (X.F.); (J.N.); (L.W.); (C.Y.); (X.L.); (W.M.)
| | - Jialei Niu
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology of the Ministry of Education, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China; (Y.H.); (G.S.); (X.F.); (J.N.); (L.W.); (C.Y.); (X.L.); (W.M.)
| | - Lu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology of the Ministry of Education, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China; (Y.H.); (G.S.); (X.F.); (J.N.); (L.W.); (C.Y.); (X.L.); (W.M.)
| | - Caini Yang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology of the Ministry of Education, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China; (Y.H.); (G.S.); (X.F.); (J.N.); (L.W.); (C.Y.); (X.L.); (W.M.)
| | - Xuegang Luo
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology of the Ministry of Education, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China; (Y.H.); (G.S.); (X.F.); (J.N.); (L.W.); (C.Y.); (X.L.); (W.M.)
| | - Sa Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology of the Ministry of Education, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China; (Y.H.); (G.S.); (X.F.); (J.N.); (L.W.); (C.Y.); (X.L.); (W.M.)
| | - Wenjian Ma
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology of the Ministry of Education, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China; (Y.H.); (G.S.); (X.F.); (J.N.); (L.W.); (C.Y.); (X.L.); (W.M.)
- Qilu Institute of Technology, Jinan 250200, China
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Marnpae M, Balmori V, Kamonsuwan K, Nungarlee U, Charoensiddhi S, Thilavech T, Suantawee T, Sivapornnukul P, Chanchaem P, Payungporn S, Dahlan W, Hamid N, Nhujak T, Adisakwattana S. Modulation of the gut microbiota and short-chain fatty acid production by gac fruit juice and its fermentation in in vitro colonic fermentation. Food Funct 2024; 15:3640-3652. [PMID: 38482709 DOI: 10.1039/d3fo04318e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the effects of gac fruit juice and its probiotic fermentation (FGJ) utilizing Lactobacillus paracasei on the modulation of the gut microbiota and the production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). We conducted a comparison between FGJ, non-fermented gac juice (GJ), and control samples through in vitro digestion and colonic fermentation using the human gut microbiota derived from fecal inoculum. Our findings revealed that both GJ and FGJ led to an increase in the viability of Lactobacilli, with FGJ exhibiting even higher levels compared to the control. The results from the 16S rDNA amplicon sequencing technique showed that both GJ and FGJ exerted positive impact on the gut microbiota by promoting beneficial bacteria, notably Lactobacillus mucosae and Bacteroides vulgatus. Additionally, both GJ and FGJ significantly elevated the levels of SCFAs, particularly acetic, propionic, and n-butyric acids, as well as lactic acid, in comparison to the control. Notably, FGJ exhibited a more pronounced effect on the gut microbiota compared to GJ. This was evident in its ability to enhance species richness, reduce the Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes (F/B) ratio, promote Akkermansia, and inhibit pathogenic Escherichia coli. Moreover, FGJ displayed enhanced production of SCFAs, especially acetic and lactic acids, in contrast to GJ. Our findings suggest that the probiotic fermentation of gac fruit enhances its functional attributes in promoting a balanced gut microbiota. This beverage demonstrates potential as a functional food with potential advantages for sustaining intestinal health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marisa Marnpae
- Center of Excellence in Phytochemical and Functional Food for Clinical Nutrition, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand.
- The Halal Science Center, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Vernabelle Balmori
- Center of Excellence in Phytochemical and Functional Food for Clinical Nutrition, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand.
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Southern Leyte State University, Southern Leyte 6606, Philippines
| | - Kritmongkhon Kamonsuwan
- Center of Excellence in Phytochemical and Functional Food for Clinical Nutrition, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand.
| | - Uarna Nungarlee
- The Halal Science Center, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Suvimol Charoensiddhi
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
| | - Thavaree Thilavech
- Department of Food Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Tanyawan Suantawee
- Center of Excellence in Phytochemical and Functional Food for Clinical Nutrition, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand.
| | - Pavaret Sivapornnukul
- Center of Excellence in Systems Microbiology, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Prangwalai Chanchaem
- Center of Excellence in Systems Microbiology, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Sunchai Payungporn
- Center of Excellence in Systems Microbiology, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Winai Dahlan
- The Halal Science Center, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Nazimah Hamid
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Health and Environment Sciences, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland 1010, New Zealand
| | - Thumnoon Nhujak
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Sirichai Adisakwattana
- Center of Excellence in Phytochemical and Functional Food for Clinical Nutrition, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand.
- The Halal Science Center, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
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Hua Y, Wei Z, Xue C, Si J. Stability and programmed sequential release of Lactobacillus plantarum and curcumin encapsulated in bilayer-stabilized W 1/O/W 2 double emulsion: Effect of pectin as protective shell. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 265:130805. [PMID: 38490382 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.130805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/10/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
In order to overcome the problem that traditional W1/O/W2 double emulsions do not have targeted release performance, thereby better meeting the health needs of consumers, ovalbumin fibrils/pectin-based bilayer-stabilized double emulsion (OP-BDE) co-encapsulated with Lactobacillus plantarum and curcumin was constructed with pectin as the outer protective shell, which was expected to be used in the development of novel functional foods. The effects of pectin coating on the viability of Lactobacillus plantarum under conditions including storage, pasteurization, freeze-thaw cycles and in vitro simulated digestion were investigated. Results showed that pectin as protective shell could significantly enhance the tolerance of Lactobacillus plantarum to various environmental factors. Besides, the adsorption of pectin endowed OP-BDE with higher lipolysis and stronger protective effect on curcumin, remarkably improving the photostability and bioaccessibility of curcumin. In addition, in vitro simulated gastrointestinal release study indicated that OP-BDE possessed programmed sequential release property, allowing curcumin and Lactobacillus plantarum to be released in small intestine and colon, respectively. OP-BDE is the first reported co-delivery emulsion system with programmed release characteristic. This study provides new insights into OP-BDE in constructing co-delivery systems and programmed sequential release of active substances, and has potential reference and application value in actual food production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yijie Hua
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266404, China
| | - Zihao Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266404, China.
| | - Changhu Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266404, China
| | - Jingyu Si
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266404, China
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Choi SI, Kim N, Nam RH, Jang JY, Kim EH, Ha S, Kang K, Lee W, Shin CM, Lee DH. Sex Difference in the Effect of Bifidobacterium longum on Repeated Water Avoidance Stress-induced Gut Dysbiosis in Wistar Rats. J Cancer Prev 2024; 29:16-23. [PMID: 38567109 PMCID: PMC10982521 DOI: 10.15430/jcp.23.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2023] [Revised: 12/31/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Dysbiosis in gut microbiota is known to contribute to development of irritable bowel syndrome. We tried to investigate the effect of Bifidobacterium longum on repeated water avoidance stress (WAS) in a Wistar rat model. The three groups (no-stress, WAS, and WAS with B. longum) of rats were allocated to sham or WAS for 1 hour daily for 10 days, and B. longum was administered through gavage for 10 days. Fecal pellet numbers were counted at the end of each 1-hour session of WAS. After 10 days of repeated WAS, the rats were eutanized, and the feces were collected. WAS increased fecal pellet output (FPO) significantly in both sexes (P < 0.001), while the female B. longum group showed significantly decreased FPO (P = 0.005). However, there was no consistent change of myeloperoxidase activity and mRNA expression of interleukin-1β and TNF-α. Mast cell infiltration at colonic submucosa increased in the female WAS group (P = 0.016). In terms of fecal microbiota, the repeated WAS groups in both sexes showed different beta-diversity compared to control and WAS with B. longum groups. WAS-induced mast cell infiltration was reduced by the administration of B. longum in female rats. Moreover, administration of B. longum relieved WAS-caused dysbiosis, especially in female rats. In conclusion, B. longum was beneficial for WAS-induced stress in rats, especially in females.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soo In Choi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Nayoung Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine and Liver Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Medical Device Development, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ryoung Hee Nam
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Jae Young Jang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
- Department of Medical Device Development, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eun Hye Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - SungChan Ha
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | | | | | - Cheol Min Shin
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Dong Ho Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine and Liver Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Zhao G, He Y, Chen Y, Jiang Y, Li C, Xiong T, Han S, He Y, Gao J, Su Y, Wang J, Wang C. Application of a derivative of human defensin 5 to treat ionizing radiation-induced enterogenic infection. JOURNAL OF RADIATION RESEARCH 2024; 65:194-204. [PMID: 38264835 PMCID: PMC10959430 DOI: 10.1093/jrr/rrad104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
Enterogenic infection is a common complication for patients with radiation injury and requires efficient therapeutics in the clinic. Herein, we evaluated the promising drug candidate T7E21RHD5, which is a peptide derived from intestinal Paneth cell-secreted human defensin 5. Oral administration of this peptide alleviated the diarrhea symptoms of mice that received total abdominal irradiation (TAI, γ-ray, 12 Gy) and improved survival. Pathologic analysis revealed that T7E21RHD5 elicited an obvious mitigation of ionizing radiation (IR)-induced epithelial damage and ameliorated the reduction in the levels of claudin, zonula occluden 1 and occludin, three tight junction proteins in the ileum. Additionally, T7E21RHD5 regulated the gut microbiota in TAI mice by remodeling β diversity, manifested as a reversal of the inverted proportion of Bacteroidota to Firmicutes caused by IR. T7E21RHD5 treatment also decreased the abundance of pathogenic Escherichia-Shigella but significantly increased the levels of Alloprevotella and Prevotellaceae_NK3B31, two short-chain fatty acid-producing bacterial genera in the gut. Accordingly, the translocation of enterobacteria and lipopolysaccharide to the blood, as well as the infectious inflammatory responses in the intestine after TAI, was all suppressed by T7E21RHD5 administration. Hence, this versatile antimicrobial peptide possesses promising application prospects in the treatment of IR-induced enterogenic infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaomei Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Institute of Combined Injury of PLA, Third Military Medical University, Gaotanyan Street No. 30, Shapingba District, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Yingjuan He
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Institute of Combined Injury of PLA, Third Military Medical University, Gaotanyan Street No. 30, Shapingba District, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Yin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Institute of Combined Injury of PLA, Third Military Medical University, Gaotanyan Street No. 30, Shapingba District, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Yiyi Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Institute of Combined Injury of PLA, Third Military Medical University, Gaotanyan Street No. 30, Shapingba District, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Chenwenya Li
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Institute of Combined Injury of PLA, Third Military Medical University, Gaotanyan Street No. 30, Shapingba District, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Tainong Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Institute of Combined Injury of PLA, Third Military Medical University, Gaotanyan Street No. 30, Shapingba District, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Songling Han
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Institute of Combined Injury of PLA, Third Military Medical University, Gaotanyan Street No. 30, Shapingba District, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Yongwu He
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Institute of Combined Injury of PLA, Third Military Medical University, Gaotanyan Street No. 30, Shapingba District, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Jining Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Institute of Combined Injury of PLA, Third Military Medical University, Gaotanyan Street No. 30, Shapingba District, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Yongping Su
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Institute of Combined Injury of PLA, Third Military Medical University, Gaotanyan Street No. 30, Shapingba District, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Junping Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Institute of Combined Injury of PLA, Third Military Medical University, Gaotanyan Street No. 30, Shapingba District, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Cheng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Institute of Combined Injury of PLA, Third Military Medical University, Gaotanyan Street No. 30, Shapingba District, Chongqing 400038, China
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Li X, Pan C, Ma W, Yang T, Wang C, Han W, Zhang W, Li H, Li Z, Zhao T, Guo XF, Li D. Effects of dietary supplementation of fish oil plus vitamin D 3 on gut microbiota and fecal metabolites, and their correlation with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease risk factors: a randomized controlled trial. Food Funct 2024; 15:2616-2627. [PMID: 38356413 DOI: 10.1039/d3fo02319b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
We previously reported that fish oil plus vitamin D3 (FO + D) could ameliorate nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). However, it is unclear whether the beneficial effects of FO + D on NAFLD are associated with gut microbiota and fecal metabolites. In this study, we investigated the effects of dietary supplementation of FO + D on gut microbiota and fecal metabolites and their correlation with NAFLD risk factors. Methods: A total of 61 subjects were randomly divided into three groups: FO + D group (2.34 g day-1 of eicosatetraenoic acid (EPA) + docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) + 1680 IU vitamin D3), FO group (2.34 g day-1 of EPA + DHA), and corn oil (CO) group (1.70 g d-1 linoleic acid). Blood and fecal samples were collected at the baseline and day 90. Gut microbiota were analyzed through 16S rRNA PCR analysis, and fecal co-metabolites were determined via untargeted ultraperformance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-TOF-MS). Results: The relative abundance of Eubacterium (p = 0.03) and Lactobacillus (p = 0.05) increased, whereas that of Streptococcus (p = 0.02) and Dialister (p = 0.04) decreased in the FO + D group compared with the CO group. Besides, changes in tetracosahexaenoic acid (THA, C24:6 n-3) (p = 0.03) levels were significantly enhanced, whereas 8,9-DiHETrE levels (p < 0.05) were reduced in the FO + D group compared with the CO group. The changes in 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 levels in the fecal samples were inversely associated with insulin resistance, which was determined using the homeostatic model assessment model (HOMA-IR, r = -0.29, p = 0.02), and changes in 8,9-DiHETrE levels were positively associated with adiponectin levels (r = -0.43, p < 0.05). Conclusion: The present results indicate that the beneficial effects of FO + D on NAFLD may be partially attributed to the impact on gut microbiota and fecal metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueqi Li
- Institute of Nutrition & Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
- Binzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Binzhou, China
| | - Chi Pan
- Institute of Nutrition & Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Wenjun Ma
- Institute of Nutrition & Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Ting Yang
- Institute of Nutrition & Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Chong Wang
- Institute of Nutrition & Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Weiwei Han
- Institute of Nutrition & Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Hui Li
- Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Zhongxia Li
- Byhealth Institute of Nutrition & Health, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ting Zhao
- Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiao-Fei Guo
- Institute of Nutrition & Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Duo Li
- Institute of Nutrition & Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
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40
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Jo H, Han G, Kim EB, Kong C, Kim BG. Effects of supplemental bacteriophage on the gut microbiota and nutrient digestibility of ileal-cannulated pigs. JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2024; 66:340-352. [PMID: 38628684 PMCID: PMC11016748 DOI: 10.5187/jast.2023.e96] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 09/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
This study measured the potential changes of the microbiota in the gastrointestinal tract and energy and nutrient digestibility by supplemental bacteriophages in pigs. Twelve castrated male pigs (initial mean body weight = 29.5 ± 2.3 kg) were surgically cannulated using T-cannula. The animals were housed individually in pens equipped with a feeder and a nipple waterer. The pigs were allotted to 1 of 3 experimental diets in a quadruplicated 3 × 2 Latin square design with 3 experimental diets, 2 periods, and 12 pigs resulting in 8 replicates per diet. The 3 diets were a control mainly based on corn and soybean meal with no antibiotics or bacteriophages, a diet containing 0.1% antibiotics, and a diet containing 0.2% bacteriophages. On day 5 of the experimental period, feces were collected and on days 6 and 7, ileal digesta were collected. Genomic DNA for bacteria were extracted from the ileal digesta and feces and the V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene was amplified. The ileal and fecal digestibility of energy, dry matter, organic matter, crude protein, and fiber was unaffected by dietary antibiotics or bacteriophages. At the phylum level, the supplemental antibiotic or bacteriophage tended to result in a higher proportion of Firmicutes (p = 0.059) and a lower proportion of Bacteroidetes (p = 0.099) in the ileal digesta samples compared with the control group with no difference between the antibiotic and bacteriophage groups. At the genus level, the supplemental antibiotic or bacteriophage tended to result in a higher proportion of Lactobacillus (p = 0.062) and a lower proportion of Bacteroides (p = 0.074) and Streptococcus (p = 0.088) in the ileal digesta compared with the control group with no difference between the antibiotic and bacteriophage groups. In the feces, supplemental antibiotics or bacteriophages reduced the proportion of Bifidobacterium compared with the control group (p = 0.029) with no difference between the antibiotic and bacteriophage groups. Overall, supplemental antibiotics and bacteriophages showed positive effect on the microbiota of in the ileal digesta without largely affecting energy or nutrient digestibility, with no differences between the antibiotic and bacteriophage groups in growing pigs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyunwoong Jo
- Monogastric Animal Feed Research
Institute, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea
| | - Geongoo Han
- Molecular Microbiology and Immunology,
Brown University, Providence 02912, Rhode Island, USA
| | - Eun Bae Kim
- Department of Applied Animal Science,
Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea
| | - Changsu Kong
- Department of Animal Science, Kyungpook
National University, Sangju 37224, Korea
| | - Beob Gyun Kim
- Monogastric Animal Feed Research
Institute, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea
- Department of Animal Science and
Technology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea
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Bertossi F. A Possible Role of Akkermansia muciniphila in the Treatment of Olanzapine-Induced Weight Gain. Cureus 2024; 16:e55733. [PMID: 38463411 PMCID: PMC10921070 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.55733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Second-generation antipsychotics are mainly used in both acute and long-term treatment of major psychiatric disorders. Although better tolerated than first-generation antipsychotic drugs, they can frequently induce weight gain and metabolic disorders, of these, olanzapine is one of the drugs more likely to induce these side effects. There is consistent evidence of the role of gut microbiota in modulating the gut-brain axis with complex crosstalk with the host involving satiety signaling pathways, food intake behavior, and weight and metabolic regulation. Second-generation antipsychotics induce important gut microbiota modification thus contributing together with the central and peripheral receptors blockade mechanism to weight gain induction and metabolic impairment. These drugs can alter the composition of gut microbiota and induce dysbiosis, often reducing the concentration of Akkermansia muciniphila, a bacterium that is also decreased in patients with diabetes, obesity, metabolic syndrome, or chronic inflammatory diseases. Probiotic administration can be a safe and well-tolerated approach to modulate microbiota and offer an integrative strategy in psychiatric patients suffering antipsychotic side effects. Multiple strain probiotics and Akkermansia muciniphila alone have been administered both in mice models and in clinical populations demonstrating efficacy on antipsychotic-induced metabolic impairment and showing a contribution in reducing induced weight gain. Akkermansia muciniphila can improve several parameters altered by olanzapine administration, such as weight gain, insulin resistance, hyperglycemia, liver function, systemic inflammation, and gut barrier function. Although we do not have jet trials in the psychiatric population, this probiotic may be a complementary approach to treating olanzapine-induced weight gain and metabolic side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Bertossi
- Department of Mental Health, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Giuliano Isontina, Trieste, ITA
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Luqman A, He M, Hassan A, Ullah M, Zhang L, Rashid Khan M, Din AU, Ullah K, Wang W, Wang G. Mood and microbes: a comprehensive review of intestinal microbiota's impact on depression. Front Psychiatry 2024; 15:1295766. [PMID: 38404464 PMCID: PMC10884216 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1295766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Depression is considered a multifaceted and intricate mental disorder of growing concern due to its significant impact on global health issues. The human gut microbiota, also known as the "second brain," has an important role in the CNS by regulating it through chemical, immunological, hormonal, and neurological processes. Various studies have found a significant bidirectional link between the brain and the gut, emphasizing the onset of depression therapies. The biological and molecular processes underlying depression and microbiota are required, as the bidirectional association may represent a novel study. However, profound insights into the stratification and diversity of the gut microbiota are still uncommon. This article investigates the emerging evidence of a bacterial relationship between the gut and the brain's neurological system and its potential pathogenicity and relevance. The interplay of microbiota, immune system, nervous system neurotransmitter synthesis, and neuroplasticity transitions is also widely studied. The consequences of stress, dietary fibers, probiotics, prebiotics, and antibiotics on the GB axis are being studied. Multiple studies revealed the processes underlying this axis and led to the development of effective microbiota-based drugs for both prevention and treatment. Therefore, the results support the hypothesis that gut microbiota influences depression and provide a promising area of research for an improved knowledge of the etiology of the disease and future therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ameer Luqman
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implant, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Mei He
- Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Adil Hassan
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implant, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Nano/Micro Composite Materials and Devices, Chongqing University of Science and Technology, Chongqing, China
- JinFeng Laboratory, Chongqing, China
| | - Mehtab Ullah
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implant, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | | | - Muhammad Rashid Khan
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implant, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ahmad Ud Din
- Plants for Human Health Institute, Department of Food, Bioprocessing and Nutrition Sciences, North Carolina State University, Kannapolis, NC, United States
| | - Kamran Ullah
- Department of Biology, The University of Haripur, Haripur, Pakistan
| | - Wei Wang
- Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Guixue Wang
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implant, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
- JinFeng Laboratory, Chongqing, China
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Doblado L, Díaz LE, Nova E, Marcos A, Monsalve M. Intestinal Effects of Filtered Alkalinized Water in Lean and Obese Zucker Rats. Microorganisms 2024; 12:316. [PMID: 38399722 PMCID: PMC10892922 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12020316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
This study evaluated the intestinal effects of alkalinized filtered water in lean and obese adult Zucker rats. For 3 months, 12-week-old rats consumed either tap water or filtered alkalinized tap water from Madrid city. Weight gain was monitored, changes in metabolism were evaluated by indirect calorimetry, and total antioxidant capacity and levels of inflammatory mediators were measured in plasma. Feces were collected, their microbial composition was analyzed and histological analysis of the small and large intestine was performed, assessing the general state of the mucosa (MUC2), the inflammatory state (F4/80) and the presence of oxidative modifications in protein 4-Hydroxynonenal (4-HNE) by immunofluorescence (IF) and immunohistochemistry (IHC). The results obtained showed that the consumption of alkalinized filtered water improved the composition of the intestinal microbiome and the state of the intestinal mucosa, reducing both local and systemic inflammation and the level of oxidative stress. These changes were accompanied by a better maintenance of the oxidative status in rats. No differences were observed in antioxidant capacity nor in weight gain. The incorporation of probiotics in the diet had a significant impact on the microbiome. These effects were indicative of an improvement in general metabolic, oxidative and inflammatory status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Doblado
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Sols-Morreale (CSIC-UAM), Arturo Duperier 4, 28029 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Ligia Esperanza Díaz
- Institute of Science, Food Technology and Nutrition (ICTAN), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), José Antonio Nováis 6, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (L.E.D.); (E.N.); (A.M.)
| | - Esther Nova
- Institute of Science, Food Technology and Nutrition (ICTAN), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), José Antonio Nováis 6, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (L.E.D.); (E.N.); (A.M.)
| | - Ascensión Marcos
- Institute of Science, Food Technology and Nutrition (ICTAN), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), José Antonio Nováis 6, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (L.E.D.); (E.N.); (A.M.)
| | - María Monsalve
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Sols-Morreale (CSIC-UAM), Arturo Duperier 4, 28029 Madrid, Spain;
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Duan Y, Wang L, Ma Y, Ning L, Zhang X. A meta-analysis of the therapeutic effect of probiotic intervention in obese or overweight adolescents. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 15:1335810. [PMID: 38352715 PMCID: PMC10861773 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1335810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Background & aims Existing evidence on the possible effects of probiotics on obese or overweight adolescents has not been fully established. Therefore, the aim of this study was to explore the effects of probiotic supplementation on anthropometric indices, inflammatory markers and metabolic indices in obese or overweight adolescents. Methods The literature up to March 2023 related to probiotic intervention in obese or overweight adolescents was searched and screened from multiple databases, including the CNKI(China national knowledge infrastructure), CBM(Chinese biomedical literature database), PubMed, EmBase, and Cochrane library databases. All randomized controlled trials using probiotic supplements in obese or overweight adolescents were included in this systematic review and meta-analysis. Results A total of 8 studies that met the inclusion criteria were included in this study. There were 201 cases in the experimental group (probiotic treatment) and 190 cases in the control group. Compared to the control group, probiotic intervention in adolescents resulted in a decrease in body mass index, fasting blood glucose and C-reactive protein with WMD(Weighted mean difference) and 95% CI of -2.53 (-4.8 to -0.26) kg/m2, -0.80 (-1.13 to -0.47) mol/L and -0.24 (-0.43 to -0.05) mg/L, respectively. No significant changes were found in weight, waist circumference, waist-to-hip ratio, insulin, Homeostatic Model Assessment of insulin resistance, interleukin 6, tumor necrosis factor alpha and so on; however, an unfavorable elevated effect in total cholesterol, triglycerides, and low-density lipoproteins was detected with WMD and 95% CI of 0.06 (0.02 to 0.09) mmol/L, 0.18 (0.14 to 0.21) mmol/L, and 0.19 (0.18 to 0.20) mmol/L, respectively. Conclusion According to our results, probiotic supplementation was beneficial in managing metabolic indicators such as fasting blood glucose, body mass index and inflammation-related C-reactive protein in overweight or obese adolescents. Further large scale studies are warranted to confirm present findings and to identify the effects and mechanisms to provide more precise evidence for clinical intervention. Systematic review registration doi: 10.37766/inplasy2024.1.0081, identifier INPLASY202410081.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanqing Duan
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Taian, Shandong, China
| | - Lanping Wang
- Department of Operating Room, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Taian, Shandong, China
| | - Yan Ma
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Taian, Shandong, China
| | - Lei Ning
- Department of Case Room, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Taian, Shandong, China
| | - Xinhuan Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Taian, Shandong, China
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Zhang Y, Zhang L, Li Z, Liu X, He P, Gu Y, Liu L, Jin Y, Cheng S, Zhou F, Jia Y. Gualou-Xiebai-Banxia-Tang regulates liver-gut axis to ameliorate Metabolic Syndrome in HFD-fed mice. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 132:155320. [PMID: 38901285 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.155320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metabolic syndrome (MetS), characterized by obesity, hyperglycemia, and abnormal blood lipid levels, is the pathological basis of many cardiovascular diseases. Gualou-Xiebai-Banxia-Tang decoction (GT) was first described in the Synopsis of the Golden Chamber, the earliest traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) monograph on diagnosis and treatment of miscellaneous diseases in China. According to TCM precepts, based on its ability to activate yang to release stagnation, activate qi to reduce depression, remove phlegm, and broaden the chest, GT has been used for more than 2,000 years to treat cardiovascular ailments. However, the molecular bases of its therapeutic mechanisms remain unclear. PURPOSE The aim of this study was to identify lipid- and glucose-related hepatic genes differentially regulated by GT, and to assess GT impact on gut microbiota composition, in mice with high-fat diet (HFD)-induced MetS. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS ApoE-/- mice were fed with an HFD for 24 weeks, with or without concurrent GT supplementation, to induce MetS. At the study's end, body weight, visceral fat weight, blood lipid levels, and insulin sensitivity were measured, and histopathological staining was used to evaluate hepatosteatosis and intestinal barrier integrity. Liver transcriptomics was used for analysis of differentially expressed genes in liver and prediction of relevant regulatory pathways. Hepatic lipid/glucose metabolism-related genes and proteins were detected by RT-qPCR and western blotting. Gut microbial composition was determined by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. RESULTS GT administration reduced MetS-related liver steatosis and weight gain, promoted insulin sensitivity and lipid metabolism, and beneficially modulated gut microbiota composition by decreasing the relative abundance of g_Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136_group and increasing the relative abundance of g_Alistipes. Liver transcriptomics revealed that GT regulated the expression of genes related to lipid and glucose metabolism (Pparγ, Igf1, Gpnmb, and Trem2) and of genes encoding chemokines/chemokine receptors (e.g. Cxcl9 and Cx3cr1). Significant, positive correlations were found for Ccr2, Ccl4, Ccr1, and Cx3cr1 and the g_Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136_group, and between Cxcl9, Ccr2, Ccl4, and Cx3cr1 and g_Desulfovibrio. GT treatment downregulated the protein expressions of SCD1 and CX3CR1 and upregulated the expression of PCK1 protein. CONCLUSION GT supplementation alleviates HFD-induced MetS in mice by improving hepatic lipid and glucose metabolism. The anti-metabolic syndrome effects of GT may be related to the regulation of the gut-liver axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaxin Zhang
- Third Level Research Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Lifang Zhang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Zhaoyong Li
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Xiaoyu Liu
- Pingshan General Hospital (Shenzhen Pingshan District Medical Healthcare Group), Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Peikun He
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yuyan Gu
- Third Level Research Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - LinLing Liu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yao Jin
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Saibo Cheng
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China.
| | - Fenghua Zhou
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China.
| | - Yuhua Jia
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China.
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Lou J, Cui S, Li J, Jin G, Fan Y, Huang N. Causal relationship between the gut microbiome and basal cell carcinoma, melanoma skin cancer, ease of skin tanning: evidence from three two-sample mendelian randomisation studies. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1279680. [PMID: 38304424 PMCID: PMC10830803 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1279680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Objectives The present study used publicly available genome-wide association study (GWAS) summary data to perform three two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) studies, aiming to examine the causal links between gut microbiome and BCC, melanoma skin cancer, ease of skin tanning. Methods SNPs associated with exposures to basal cell carcinoma, melanoma skin cancer and ease of skin tanning from the genome-wide association study data of UK Biobank and MRC-IEU (MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit), and the meta-analysis data from Biobank and MRC-IEU were used as instrumental variables (IVs). The casual estimates were assessed with a two-sample Mendelian randomisation test using the inverse-variance-weighted (IVW) method, Wald ratio, MR-Egger method, maximum likelihood, weighted median, simple mode, and weighted mode. Results After the application of MR analysis, diffirent effects of multiple groups of gut microbiota was observed for BCC, melanoma skin cancer and ease of skin tanning. The relationships between the gut microbiome and BCC, melanoma skin cancer, ease of skin tanning were supported by a suite of sensitivity analyses, with no statistical evidence of instrument heterogeneity or horizontal pleiotropy. Further investigation is required to explore the relationship between between the gut microbiome and BCC, melanoma skin cancer, ease of skin tanning. Conclusion Our study initially identified potential causal roles between the gut microbiome and BCC, melanoma skin cancer, ease of skin tanning, and highlighted the role of gut microbiome in the progression of basal cell carcinoma, melanoma skin cancer, ease of skin tanning.
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Patel J, Sohal A, Bains K, Chaudhry H, Kohli I, Khanna T, Dukovic D, Roytman M. Association of metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease with gastrointestinal infections: insights from National Inpatient Sample Database. BMJ Open Gastroenterol 2024; 11:e001224. [PMID: 38237944 PMCID: PMC10870785 DOI: 10.1136/bmjgast-2023-001224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The study aimed to compare the risk of gastrointestinal infections among patients with and without metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD). METHODS This was a population-based, retrospective, observational study using data from the National Inpatient Sample (NIS), the largest all-payer US inpatient care database. SETTING Hospitalisation of adults aged ≥18 years old admitted in 2020 was identified using the NIS. Patients were stratified by the presence and absence of MAFLD. PARTICIPANTS 26.4 million adults aged ≥18 years old were included in the study. Patients younger than 18 and those with missing demographic or mortality data were excluded. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOMES Primary outcome was to assess the overall risk of gastrointestinal infections in patients with and without MAFLD. Secondary outcomes were demographics and comorbidities stratified by the presence or absence of gastrointestinal infection, and the risk of specific gastrointestinal pathogens. RESULTS Of 26.4 million patients admitted in 2020, 755 910 (2.85%) had the presence of MAFLD. There was a higher prevalence of bacterial gastrointestinal infections in patients with MAFLD than those without (1.6% vs 0.9%, p<0.001). The incidence of Clostridioides difficile (1.3% vs 0.8%, p<0.001), Escherichia coli (0.3% vs 0.01%, p<0.001), and Salmonella (0.07% vs 0.03%, p<0.001) was higher in patients with MAFLD. The presence of MAFLD was associated with higher odds of developing gastrointestinal infections (adjusted OR (aOR) -1.75, 95% CI -1.68 to 1.83, p<0.001). After adjusting for confounders, results remained statistically significant (aOR -1.36, 95% CI - 1.30-1.42, p<0.001). CONCLUSION Even after adjusting for confounding factors, our study demonstrates an increased risk of gastrointestinal infections in patients with MAFLD, specifically of C. difficile, E. coli, and Salmonella. The immune and microbiota changes seen within MAFLD potentially contribute to the increased risk of gastrointestinal infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jay Patel
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Nutrition, Digestive Diseases Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Aalam Sohal
- Liver Institute Northwest, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | | | - Hunza Chaudhry
- UCSF Fresno Center for Medical Education and Research, Fresno, California, USA
| | - Isha Kohli
- Department of Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | | | - Dino Dukovic
- Ross University School of Medicine, Miramar, California, USA
| | - Marina Roytman
- Department of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
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Yang JL, Chen S, Xi JF, Lin XY, Xue RY, Ma LQ, Zhou D, Li HB. Sex-dependent effects of rice cadmium exposure on body weight, gut microflora, and kidney metabolomics based on a mouse model. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 908:168498. [PMID: 37952668 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
Consumption of cadmium (Cd) contaminated rice is the main dietary source of Cd exposure and toxicity. To protect humans from Cd toxicity, it is pivotal to fully understand the sex-dependent toxicity of subchronic rice-Cd exposure. However, the sex-dependent effects of subchronic rice-Cd exposure on body weight gain, gut microflora, and kidney metabolomics are still unclear. In this study, a Cd-free and a Cd-contaminated rice (0.005 and 0.74 mg Cd kg-1) were fed to both female and male mice for one month, with changes in body weight gain, Cd accumulation in tissue, bone mineral concentration, expression of intestinal channels involving in Cd and calcium (Ca) absorption, gut microbiota, and kidney metabolites assessed for both genders. Results showed that female mice had normal body weight gain after rice-Cd exposure, while body weight of male mice was decreased from 19.8 to 17.5 g over the one-month consumption of the Cd-contaminated rice (0.74 mg kg-1), suggesting specific toxicity on growth of male mice. Rice-Cd exposure had limited effects on gut microbiota for both genders. However, higher Cd accumulation in liver and femur was observed in male mice than in females, which may be due to higher intestinal expression of Ca channels involving in intestinal Cd absorption in male mice with rice-Cd exposure. Greater risk of osteoporosis was also observed in male mice. In addition, kidney metabolomic profiling showed special disruption of adrenocortical hormone homeostasis for male mice with rice-Cd exposure. Particularly, expression of cortisol in kidneys of male mice was elevated 37.1-fold with rice-Cd exposure, likely resulting in Cushing's syndrome and contributing to growth retardation. This study advances our understanding of the sex-dependent toxicity of rice-Cd exposure, and highlights the priority of protecting males from the adrenocortical hormone disrupting effects of rice-Cd exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Lei Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Vehicle Emissions Control, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Shan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Vehicle Emissions Control, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Jin-Feng Xi
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Vehicle Emissions Control, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Xin-Ying Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Vehicle Emissions Control, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Rong-Yue Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Vehicle Emissions Control, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Lena Q Ma
- Institute of Soil and Water Resources and Environmental Science, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Dongmei Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Vehicle Emissions Control, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Hong-Bo Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Vehicle Emissions Control, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China.
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Liao X, Ye B, Hu W, Han J, Zhao Y, Dai Y, Wu X, Mo Z, Wei L, Nie K. Xiaobanxia decoction alleviates chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting by inhibiting GSDME-mediated pyroptosis. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 318:116970. [PMID: 37516392 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.116970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/31/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Xiaobanxia Decoction (XBXD), a traditional antiemetic formula, is effective in preventing chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV), but its underlying mechanism has not been fully clarified. AIM OF THE STUDY To investigate whether the antiemetic mechanisms of XBXD against CINV is associated with the reduction of GSDME-mediated pyroptosis and the alleviation of gastrointestinal inflammation induced by cisplatin. MATERIALS AND METHODS We established the in vivo pica rat model and the in vitro small intestinal epithelial cell (IEC-6 cell) injury model by cisplatin challenge. The levels of ROS, IL-1β, IL-18, HMGB1 were measured by ELISA. The histopathological changes of gastrointestinal (GI) tissues were examined by HE staining. The expression and localization of GSDME in GI tissues were determined by IHC. The GSDME mRNA expression in GI tissues was determined by RT-PCR. The IEC-6 cell viability was detected by CCK-8. The morphology of IEC-6 cells was observed by optical microscope and scanning electron microscopy. Pyroptosis was examined using Hoechst33342/PI staining. The intracellular ROS levels were measured with the fluorescent probe DCFH-DA. The expression levels of JNK, p-JNK, Bax, Bcl-2, caspase-9, caspase-3 and GSDME in GI tissues and IEC-6 cells were determined by WB. RESULTS We found that the cumulative kaolin intake (pica behavior, analogous to emesis) significantly increased in cisplatin-treated rats, accompanied by significant inflammatory pathological changes of GI tissues. XBXD decreased the cumulative kaolin intake and alleviated GI inflammation in cisplatin-treated rats by inhibiting the activation of the ROS/JNK/Bax signaling pathway and by reducing GSDME-mediated pyroptosis. Additionally, cisplatin damaged IEC-6 cells by activating GSDME-dependent pyroptosis. XBXD reduced GSDME-mediated IEC-6 cell pyroptotic death by regulating the ROS/JNK/Bax signaling pathway. CONCLUSIONS This study suggested that GSDME-mediated pyroptosis greatly contributes to the occurrence of CINV, and suppressing GSDME-mediated pyroptosis is the important antiemetic mechanism of XBXD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuxiu Liao
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Binbin Ye
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Wanting Hu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Jinyuan Han
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Yaozhong Zhao
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Yongzhao Dai
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Xipei Wu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Ziyao Mo
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Ling Wei
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Ke Nie
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
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Wang T, Yang J, Huang Z, Wang F, Liu R, Liu Y, Li X. Integrated 16s RNA sequencing and network pharmacology to explore the effects of polyphenol-rich raspberry leaf extract on weight control. Front Nutr 2024; 10:1306037. [PMID: 38260083 PMCID: PMC10800909 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1306037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Obesity is recognized as a chronic low-grade inflammation associated with intestinal flora imbalance, leading to dyslipidemia and inflammation. Modern research has found that polyphenols have anti-obesity effects. However, the mechanism of action of raspberry leaf extract (RLE) with high polyphenols in regulating obesity is still unknown. This study investigated the improvement effect of supplementing RLE on high-fat diet (HFD) induced obesity in mice. Methods RLE was used to intervene in HFD induced C57BL/6J male mice during prevention stage (1-16 weeks) and treatment stage (17-20 weeks). Their weight changes and obesity-related biochemical indicators were measured. The changes in intestinal flora were analyzed using 16S rRNA sequencing, and finally the targets and pathways of the 7 typical polyphenols (quercetin-3-O-glucuronide, ellagic acid, kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside, chlorogenic acid, brevifolin carboxylic acid, quercetin-3-O-rutinoside, and quercetin) of RLE in the regulation of obesity were predicted by network pharmacology approach. Results and discussion The results showed that RLE effectively prevented and treated weight gain in obese mice induced by HFD, alleviated adipocyte hypertrophy, reduced Interleukin-6 and Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha levels, and improved intestinal flora, especially Muriaculaceae, Alistipes and Alloprevotella, and decreased the Firmicutes/Bacteroidota ratio. Network pharmacology analysis selected 60 common targets for 7 RLE polyphenols and obesity. Combined with protein-protein interaction network, enrichment analysis and experimental results, TNF, IL-6, AKT1, and PPAR were predicted as potential key targets for RLE polyphenols. Conclusion The potential mechanism by which polyphenol-rich RLE regulates obesity may be attributed to the specific polyphenols of RLE and their synergistic effects, therefore RLE has a great anti-obesity potential and may be used as a means to alleviate obesity and related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, North University of China, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
- Dezhou Industrial Technology Research Institute of North University of China, Dezhou, Shandong, China
| | - Jing Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, North University of China, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
- Dezhou Industrial Technology Research Institute of North University of China, Dezhou, Shandong, China
| | - Ziang Huang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, North University of China, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
- Dezhou Industrial Technology Research Institute of North University of China, Dezhou, Shandong, China
| | - Fei Wang
- The Hospital of North University of China, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Ruzi Liu
- Dezhou Yongshengzhai Braised Chicken Group Co., Ltd., Dezhou, Shangdong, China
| | - Yongping Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, North University of China, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Xiaojun Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, North University of China, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
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