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Jovandaric MZ. Importance of diet and intestinal microbiota in the prevention of colorectal cancer - colonoscopy early screening diagnosis. World J Gastrointest Oncol 2024; 16:3428-3435. [PMID: 39171174 PMCID: PMC11334020 DOI: 10.4251/wjgo.v16.i8.3428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2024] [Revised: 05/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 08/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer is a term used to describe colon and rectal cancer, which is the third most common type of cancer. A MEDLINE and PubMed search resulted in the inclusion of manuscripts written in the last 10 years, using keywords relevant to the topic of the manuscript. By analyzing the aim of the searched studies and manuscripts, adequate articles were included that described the stated problem. The frequency of colorectal cancer varies with climate, nutrition, and many other factors, primarily endogenous, hereditary, intestinal microbiome, as well as external factors, such as exposure of the individual to stress, and bad eating habits. Colon cancer and rectal cancer or colorectal cancer in general in the early stages of the disease, may not show symptoms or are barely noticeable. Colorectal cancer symptoms will most often not develop until the disease has progressed to stage 2 or beyond. Regular screening tests for colon or rectal cancer, especially colonoscopy, are recommended as part of a regular checkup for people aged 50 years or younger who are at high risk due to a family history of the disease or other cancers. Diet and colonoscopy as an early screening method play an important role in the prevention of colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miljana Z Jovandaric
- Department of Neonatology, Clinic for Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Clinical Center of Serbia, Belgrade 11070, Serbia
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2
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Tsai MH, Coughlin SS. Investigating the role of county-level colorectal cancer screening rates on stage at diagnosis of colorectal cancer in rural Georgia. Cancer Causes Control 2024; 35:1123-1131. [PMID: 38587569 DOI: 10.1007/s10552-024-01874-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To examine the impact of county-level colorectal cancer (CRC) screening rates on stage at diagnosis of CRC and identify factors associated with stage at diagnosis across different levels of screening rates in rural Georgia. METHODS We performed a retrospective analysis utilizing data from 2004 to 2010 Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program. The 2013 United States Department of Agriculture rural-urban continuum codes were used to identify rural Georgia counties. The 2004-2010 National Cancer Institute small area estimates for screening behaviors were applied to link county-level CRC screening rates. Descriptive statistics and multinominal logistic regressions were performed. RESULTS Among 4,839 CRC patients, most patients diagnosed with localized CRC lived in low screening areas; however, many diagnosed with regionalized and distant CRC lived in high screening areas (p-value = 0.009). In multivariable analysis, rural patients living in high screening areas were 1.2-fold more likely to be diagnosed at a regionalized and distant stage of CRC (both p-value < 0.05). When examining the factors associated with stage at presentation, Black patients who lived in low screening areas were 36% more likely to be diagnosed with distant diseases compared to White patients (95% CI, 1.08-1.71). Among those living in high screening areas, patients with right-sided CRC were 38% more likely to have regionalized disease (95% CI, 1.09-1.74). CONCLUSION Patients living in high screening areas were more likely to have a later stage of CRC in rural Georgia. IMPACT Allocating CRC screening/treatment resources and improving CRC risk awareness should be prioritized for rural patients in Georgia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Han Tsai
- Cancer Prevention, Control, & Population Health Program, Georgia Cancer Center, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA.
- Georgia Prevention Institute, Augusta University, 1120 15th Street, HS-1705, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA.
| | - Steven S Coughlin
- Department of Biostatistics, Data Science and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
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3
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Arbaugh C, Kimura C, Kin C. Gastrointestinal Surgical Patient and Multidisciplinary Healthcare Provider Beliefs and Practices Around Perioperative Nutrition: A Mixed-Methods Study. J Surg Res 2024; 302:80-91. [PMID: 39094260 DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2024.07.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Revised: 06/07/2024] [Accepted: 07/04/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Nutrition is critical to gastrointestinal (GI) disease prevention and treatment, including operations, yet perioperative nutrition practices vary widely. We aimed to understand GI surgical patient and health care provider's perioperative nutrition beliefs and practices. MATERIALS AND METHODS We used a mixed-methods approach, including a patient survey (n = 19), provider survey (n = 26), and semistructured interviews with a subset of providers (n = 15). Providers included surgeons, gastroenterologists, medical oncologists, advanced practice providers, and dietitians. Provider interviews were transcribed, iteratively coded, and thematically analyzed. Quantitative and qualitative data were integrated. RESULTS 94.7% of patients and 100% of providers surveyed believe that nutrition affects outcomes. Patients seek nutrition information from diverse resources (73.7% from websites or blogs, 42.1% from documentaries, and 36.8% from books or /magazines) and people (52.6% from family members, 42.1% from a significant other, partner, or spouse, and 36.8% from a dietitian or nutritionist). Providers cited a lack of quality information, misinformation, and inconsistency among health care providers as barriers to high-quality nutrition care. Both patients and providers noted that nutritional supplements have drawbacks, with 100% of patients and 96.2% of providers expressing interest in house- made plant-based protein smoothie or soup alternatives. CONCLUSIONS This study led to the development of a multidisciplinary task force, which has collaborated on multiple interventions to improve inpatient perioperative surgical nutrition (e.g., smoothie pilot and postoperative menu revisions).
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlie Arbaugh
- Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California; Stanford Prevention Research Center, Stanford, California.
| | - Cintia Kimura
- Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Cindy Kin
- Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
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Abebe Z, Wassie MM, Mekonnen TC, Reynolds AC, Melaku YA. Difference in Gastrointestinal Cancer Risk and Mortality by Dietary Pattern Analysis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Nutr Rev 2024:nuae090. [PMID: 39018497 DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuae090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/19/2024] Open
Abstract
CONTEXT Several studies have demonstrated that dietary patterns identified by a posteriori and hybrid methods are associated with gastrointestinal (GI) cancer risk and mortality. These studies applied different methods for analyzing dietary data and reported inconsistent findings. OBJECTIVE This systematic review and meta-analysis were aimed to determine the association between dietary patterns, derived using principal component analysis (PCA) and reduced rank regression (RRR), and GI cancer risk and GI cancer-caused mortality. DATA SOURCE Articles published up to June 2023 in English were eligible for inclusion. The Medline, SCOPUS, Cochrane Library, CINHAL, PsycINFO, ProQuest, and Web of Sciences databases were used to identify prospective studies. The Preferred Reporting Item for Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocol 2020 was used to report results. DATA EXTRACTION A total of 28 studies were eligible for inclusion. Varied approaches to deriving dietary patterns were used, including PCA (n = 22), RRR (n = 2), combined PCA and RRR (n = 1), cluster analysis (CA; n = 2) and combined PCA and CA (n = 1). DATA ANALYSIS Two dietary patterns, "healthy" and "unhealthy," were derived using PCA and RRR. The healthy dietary pattern was characterized by a higher intake of fruits, whole grains, legumes, vegetables, milk, and other dairy products, whereas the unhealthy dietary pattern was characterized by a higher intake of red and processed meat, alcohol, and both refined and sugar-sweetened beverages. The findings indicated that the PCA-derived healthy dietary pattern was associated with an 8% reduced risk (relative risk [RR], 0.92; 95% CI, 0.87-0.98), and the unhealthy dietary pattern was associated with a 14% increased risk (RR, 1.14; 95% CI, 1.07-1.22) of GI cancers. Similarly, the RRR-derived healthy dietary pattern (RR, 0.83; 95% CI, 0.61-1.12) may be associated with reduced risk of GI cancers. In contrast, the RRR-derived unhealthy dietary pattern (RR, 0.93; 95% CI, 0.57-1.52) had no association with a reduced risk of GI cancers. Similarly, evidence suggested that PCA-derived healthy dietary patterns may reduce the risk of death from GI cancers, whereas PCA-derived unhealthy dietary patterns may increase the risk. CONCLUSION Findings from prospective studies on the association of PCA-derived dietary patterns and the risk of GI cancers support the evidence of healthy and unhealthy dietary patterns as either protective or risk-increasing factors for GI cancers and for survivorship, respectively. The findings also suggest that the RRR-derived healthy dietary pattern reduces the risk of GI cancers (albeit with low precision), but no association was found for the RRR-derived unhealthy dietary pattern. Prospective studies are required to further clarify disparities in the association between PCA- and RRR-derived dietary patterns and the risk of GI cancers. Systematic review registration: PROSPERO registration no. CRD42022321644.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zegeye Abebe
- Flinders Health and Medical Research Institute, Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- Department of Human Nutrition, Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, P. O. Box 196, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Molla Mesele Wassie
- Flinders Health and Medical Research Institute, Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Tefera Chane Mekonnen
- Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, North Terrace, South Australia, Australia
| | - Amy C Reynolds
- Flinders Health and Medical Research Institute, Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Yohannes Adama Melaku
- Flinders Health and Medical Research Institute, Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- Cancer Epidemiology Division, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Australia
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Chen Q, Li K, Liu Y, Yu X, Ou F. Association of body composition indicators with colorectal cancer: a hospital-based case-control study. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2024; 150:344. [PMID: 38981909 PMCID: PMC11233301 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-024-05866-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a common malignancy that affects adults worldwide, causing a high disease burden. Few studies have examined the relationship between body composition (BC) measures and the prevalence of CRC. Our purpose was to investigate the relationship between pertinent BC indicators and CRC. METHODS Bioelectrical impedance analysis, laboratory test results, face-to-face questionnaire investigation, and nutritional risk assessment (Nutritional Risk Screening 2002 and Patient-Generated Subjective Global Assessment) were used in this case-control study. Bioelectrical impedance analysis in the case group was performed prior to antitumor therapy/surgery. RESULTS From June 2018 to January 2019, a total of 303 cases and 286 controls were included. The results showed that low body fat percentage (BFP) and high visceral adiposity index (VAI) groups had a higher risk of developing CRC in comparison to the normal BFP and normal VAI groups. The risk of CRC decreased with the increase of BFP. The group with a normal BC had a lower risk of developing CRC compared to those with a greater VAI and a lower BFP, as indicated by the results of the pairwise and total combinations of VAI, fat-free mass index (FFMI), and BFP. Additionally, FFMI and VAI had positive correlations with prealbumin, serum albumin, and nutritional risk scores. CONCLUSION Low BFP and high VAI are associated with higher CRC risk. FFMI and VAI are positively correlated with prealbumin, serum albumin, and nutritional risk scores in CRC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiujin Chen
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, China
- Department of Immunization, The Affiliated Wuxi Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuxi, 214023, China
| | - Kai Li
- Department of Surgical Oncology and General Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, China
| | - Xiaozhai Yu
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, China
| | - Fengrong Ou
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, China.
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Gholamalizadeh M, Tajadod S, Majidi N, Aghakhaninejad Z, Mahmoudi Z, Mousavi Z, Amjadi A, Alami F, Torkaman M, Saeedirad Z, Doaei S, Shafaei H, Kalantari N. Associations between diet and nutritional supplements and colorectal cancer: A systematic review. JGH Open 2024; 8:e13108. [PMID: 39027159 PMCID: PMC11256152 DOI: 10.1002/jgh3.13108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2023] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
Background and Aim Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most prevalent cancers around the world. The link between nutrients and the likelihood of developing CRC remains uncertain. The primary objective of the present study was to investigate the potential connection between dietary intake/dietary supplements and the occurrence of CRC through a literature review. Methods A comprehensive online search was conducted in PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library from January 1990 to March 2023 using appropriate keywords. A systematic search was conducted for clinical trials and cohort studies in order to determine the relationship between dietary components/supplements and CRC. Results The intake of long-chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 LCPUFAs), consisting of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), has the potential to decrease the likelihood of developing CRC (eight studies found positive effects and four studies found no association). Some other dietary components such as probiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotics may contribute to suppressing CRC development (three studies found positive effects, whereas three studies did not find any association). There is inconclusive evidence that supplementation with certain micronutrients including vitamin D (one trial found positive effects and another trial reported no association), folate, zinc, and selenium may reduce the risk of CRC. Conclusion Some dietary supplements such as n-3 LCPUFAs and probiotics have the potential to reduce the risk of developing CRC. Further studies are necessary to validate these results and understand the underlying mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Gholamalizadeh
- Student Research Committee, Cancer Research CenterShahid Beheshti University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Shirin Tajadod
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, International CampusIran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Nazanin Majidi
- Department of Nutrition, Science and Research BranchIslamic Azad UniversityTehranIran
| | - Zohreh Aghakhaninejad
- Department of Nutrition and Biochemistry, School of HealthKerman University of Medical SciencesKermanIran
| | - Zahra Mahmoudi
- Department of Nutrition, Science and Research BranchIslamic Azad UniversityTehranIran
| | - Zahra Mousavi
- Nursing and Midwifery schoolShahed University. TehranIran
| | - Arezoo Amjadi
- School of Nutritional Sciences and Food TechnologyKermanshah University of Medical SciencesKermanshahIran
| | - Farkhondeh Alami
- Student Research Committee, Department of Nutrition, Faculty of MedicineUrmia University of Medical SciencesUrmiaIran
| | - Mahdie Torkaman
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Science and Research BranchIslamic Azad UniversityTehranIran
| | - Zahra Saeedirad
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition and Food TechnologyShahid Beheshti University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Saeid Doaei
- Departments of Community Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition and Food TechnologyNational Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Hanieh Shafaei
- Shahid Beheshti College of MidwiferyGilan University of Medical SciencesRashtIran
| | - Naser Kalantari
- Departments of Community Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition and Food TechnologyNational Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
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Tessmann JW, Deng P, Durham J, Li C, Banerjee M, Wang Q, Goettl RA, He D, Wang C, Lee EY, Evers BM, Hennig B, Zaytseva YY. Perfluorooctanesulfonic acid exposure leads to downregulation of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA synthase 2 expression and upregulation of markers associated with intestinal carcinogenesis in mouse intestinal tissues. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 359:142332. [PMID: 38754493 PMCID: PMC11157449 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.142332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Revised: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
Perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS) is a widely recognized environment pollutant known for its high bioaccumulation potential and a long elimination half-life. Several studies have shown that PFOS can alter multiple biological pathways and negatively affect human health. Considering the direct exposure to the gastrointestinal (GI) tract to environmental pollutants, PFOS can potentially disrupt intestinal homeostasis. However, there is limited knowledge about the effect of PFOS exposure on normal intestinal tissues, and its contribution to GI-associated diseases remains to be determined. In this study, we examined the effect of PFOS exposure on the gene expression profile of intestinal tissues of C57BL/6 mice using RNAseq analysis. We found that PFOS exposure in drinking water significantly downregulates mitochondrial 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA synthase 2 (HMGCS2), a rate-limiting ketogenic enzyme, in intestinal tissues of mice. We found that diets containing the soluble fibers inulin and pectin, which are known to be protective against PFOS exposure, were ineffective in reversing the downregulation of HMGCS2 expression in vivo. Analysis of intestinal tissues also demonstrated that PFOS exposure leads to upregulation of proteins implicated in colorectal carcinogenesis, including β-catenin, c-MYC, mTOR and FASN. Consistent with the in vivo results, PFOS exposure leads to downregulation of HMGCS2 in mouse and human normal intestinal organoids in vitro. Furthermore, we show that shRNA-mediated knockdown of HMGCS2 in a human normal intestinal cell line resulted in increased cell proliferation and upregulation of key proliferation-associated proteins such as cyclin D, survivin, ERK1/2 and AKT, along with an increase in lipid accumulation. In summary, our results suggest that PFOS exposure may contribute to pathological changes in normal intestinal cells via downregulation of HMGCS2 expression and upregulation of pro-carcinogenic signaling pathways that may increase the risk of colorectal cancer development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josiane Weber Tessmann
- Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA.
| | - Pan Deng
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
| | - Jerika Durham
- Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA.
| | - Chang Li
- Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA.
| | - Moumita Banerjee
- Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA.
| | - Qingding Wang
- Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA.
| | - Ryan A Goettl
- Markey Cancer Center Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Shared Resource Facility, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA.
| | - Daheng He
- Markey Cancer Center Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Shared Resource Facility, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA.
| | - Chi Wang
- Markey Cancer Center Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Shared Resource Facility, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA.
| | - Eun Y Lee
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA.
| | - B Mark Evers
- Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA.
| | - Bernhard Hennig
- Department of Animal and Food Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA.
| | - Yekaterina Y Zaytseva
- Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA; Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA.
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Yang X, Zhou Y, Tan S, Tian X, Meng X, Li Y, Zhou B, Zhao G, Ge X, He C, Cheng W, Zhang Y, Zheng K, Yin K, Yu Y, Pan W. Alterations in gut microbiota contribute to cognitive deficits induced by chronic infection of Toxoplasma gondii. Brain Behav Immun 2024; 119:394-407. [PMID: 38608743 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2024.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2023] [Revised: 03/30/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Chronic infection with Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) emerges as a risk factor for neurodegenerative diseases in animals and humans. However, the underlying mechanisms are largely unknown. We aimed to investigate whether gut microbiota and its metabolites play a role in T. gondii-induced cognitive deficits. We found that T. gondii infection induced cognitive deficits in mice, which was characterized by synaptic ultrastructure impairment and neuroinflammation in the hippocampus. Moreover, the infection led to gut microbiota dysbiosis, barrier integrity impairment, and inflammation in the colon. Interestingly, broad-spectrum antibiotic ablation of gut microbiota attenuated the adverse effects of the parasitic infection on the cognitive function in mice; cognitive deficits and hippocampal pathological changes were transferred from the infected mice to control mice by fecal microbiota transplantation. In addition, the abundance of butyrate-producing bacteria and the production of serum butyrate were decreased in infected mice. Interestingly, dietary supplementation of butyrate ameliorated T. gondii-induced cognitive impairment in mice. Notably, compared to the healthy controls, decreased butyrate production was observed in the serum of human subjects with high levels of anti-T. gondii IgG. Overall, this study demonstrates that gut microbiota is a key regulator of T. gondii-induced cognitive impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoying Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Jiangsu International Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Department of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China
| | - Yuying Zhou
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Jiangsu International Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Department of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China
| | - Shimin Tan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Jiangsu International Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Department of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China
| | - Xiaokang Tian
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Jiangsu International Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Department of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China
| | - Xianran Meng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Jiangsu International Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Department of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China
| | - Yiling Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Jiangsu International Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Department of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China
| | - Beibei Zhou
- Shandong Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jining, Shandong 272033, China
| | - Guihua Zhao
- Shandong Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jining, Shandong 272033, China
| | - Xing Ge
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Jiangsu International Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Department of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China
| | - Cheng He
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Jiangsu International Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Department of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China
| | - Wanpeng Cheng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Jiangsu International Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Department of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China
| | - Yumei Zhang
- Department of Pathogenic Biology, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong 264003, China
| | - Kuiyang Zheng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Jiangsu International Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Department of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China
| | - Kun Yin
- Shandong Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jining, Shandong 272033, China.
| | - Yinghua Yu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Jiangsu International Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Department of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China.
| | - Wei Pan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Jiangsu International Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Department of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China.
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Zhan ZS, Zheng ZS, Shi J, Chen J, Wu SY, Zhang SY. Unraveling colorectal cancer prevention: The vitamin D - gut flora - immune system nexus. World J Gastrointest Oncol 2024; 16:2382-2391. [DOI: 10.4251/wjgo.v16.i6.2382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Revised: 03/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common cancers diagnosed in the world. Although environmental and genetic factors play a major role in the pathogenesis of CRC, extensive research has suggested that vitamin D may play a pivotal role in the development of CRC. Vitamin D, primarily obtained through sunlight exposure, dietary sources, and supplements, has long been recognized for its essential functions in maintaining health, including immune regulation. This article delves into the intricate relationship between vitamin D, the immune system, gut flora, and the prevention of CRC. It presents a synthesis of epidemiological data, experimental studies, and clinical trials, highlighting the mechanisms by which vitamin D influences immune cell function, cytokine production, and inflammation. By enhancing the immune system’s surveillance and anti-tumor activity, vitamin D may offer a promising avenue for CRC prevention. Furthermore, this comprehensive review delves into the prospective clinical applications of vitamin D supplementation and delineates the forthcoming avenues of research in this dynamic domain. Additionally, the paper tentatively outlines a spectrum of prophylactic impacts of vitamin D on CRC, emphasizing its significant potential in reducing CRC risk through shedding light on its mechanisms, encompassing antineoplastic mechanisms, influences on the immune system, and modulation of the gut microbiome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Song Zhan
- Department of Dentistry, Fuding Hospital, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuding 355200, Fujian Province, China
| | - Zu-Shun Zheng
- Department of Physical Examination, Fuding Hospital, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuding 355200, Fujian Province, China
| | - Jing Shi
- Department of Anesthesiology, Fuding Hospital, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuding 355200, Fujian Province, China
| | - Juan Chen
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Fuding Hospital, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuding 355200, Fujian Province, China
| | - Si-Yi Wu
- Department of Surgery, Fuding Hospital, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuding 355200, Fujian Province, China
| | - Shi-Yan Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Fuding Hospital, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuding 355200, Fujian Province, China
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10
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Zhan ZS, Zheng ZS, Shi J, Chen J, Wu SY, Zhang SY. Unraveling colorectal cancer prevention: The vitamin D - gut flora - immune system nexus. World J Gastrointest Oncol 2024; 16:2394-2403. [PMID: 38994172 PMCID: PMC11236262 DOI: 10.4251/wjgo.v16.i6.2394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Revised: 03/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common cancers diagnosed in the world. Although environmental and genetic factors play a major role in the pathogenesis of CRC, extensive research has suggested that vitamin D may play a pivotal role in the development of CRC. Vitamin D, primarily obtained through sunlight exposure, dietary sources, and supplements, has long been recognized for its essential functions in maintaining health, including immune regulation. This article delves into the intricate relationship between vitamin D, the immune system, gut flora, and the prevention of CRC. It presents a synthesis of epidemiological data, experimental studies, and clinical trials, highlighting the mechanisms by which vitamin D influences immune cell function, cytokine production, and inflammation. By enhancing the immune system's surveillance and anti-tumor activity, vitamin D may offer a promising avenue for CRC prevention. Furthermore, this comprehensive review delves into the prospective clinical applications of vitamin D supplementation and delineates the forthcoming avenues of research in this dynamic domain. Additionally, the paper tentatively outlines a spectrum of prophylactic impacts of vitamin D on CRC, emphasizing its significant potential in reducing CRC risk through shedding light on its mechanisms, encompassing antineoplastic mechanisms, influences on the immune system, and modulation of the gut microbiome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Song Zhan
- Department of Dentistry, Fuding Hospital, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuding 355200, Fujian Province, China
| | - Zu-Shun Zheng
- Department of Physical Examination, Fuding Hospital, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuding 355200, Fujian Province, China
| | - Jing Shi
- Department of Anesthesiology, Fuding Hospital, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuding 355200, Fujian Province, China
| | - Juan Chen
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Fuding Hospital, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuding 355200, Fujian Province, China
| | - Si-Yi Wu
- Department of Surgery, Fuding Hospital, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuding 355200, Fujian Province, China
| | - Shi-Yan Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Fuding Hospital, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuding 355200, Fujian Province, China
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11
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Ye J, Bao X, Wei J, Zhang Y, Liu Y, Xin L. Role of dietary nutrients and metabolism in colorectal cancer. Asia Pac J Clin Nutr 2024; 33:153-161. [PMID: 38794975 PMCID: PMC11170022 DOI: 10.6133/apjcn.202406_33(2).0002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/27/2024]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common malignancies and the leading causes of cancer related deaths worldwide. The development of CRC is driven by a combination of genetic and environmental factors. There is growing evidence that changes in dietary nutrition may modulate the CRC risk, and protective effects on the risk of developing CRC have been advocated for specific nutrients such as glucose, amino acids, lipid, vitamins, micronutrients and prebiotics. Metabolic crosstalk between tumor cells, tumor microenvironment components and intestinal flora further promote proliferation, invasion and metastasis of CRC cells and leads to treatment resistance. This review summarizes the research progress on CRC prevention, pathogenesis, and treatment by dietary supplementation or deficiency of glucose, amino acids, lipids, vitamins, micronutri-ents, and prebiotics, respectively. The roles played by different nutrients and dietary crosstalk in the tumor microenvironment and metabolism are discussed, and nutritional modulation is inspired to be beneficial in the prevention and treatment of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinjun Ye
- Department of General Surgery, Longgang Central Hospital of Shenzhen, Longgang District, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Xing Bao
- Department of General Surgery, Longgang Central Hospital of Shenzhen, Longgang District, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Jiufeng Wei
- Department of General Surgery, Longgang Central Hospital of Shenzhen, Longgang District, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Yuanpeng Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Longgang Central Hospital of Shenzhen, Longgang District, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Yu Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Longgang Central Hospital of Shenzhen, Longgang District, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Le Xin
- Department of General Surgery, Longgang Central Hospital of Shenzhen, Longgang District, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.
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12
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Xiang S, Jian Q, Chen W, Xu Q, Li J, Wang C, Wang R, Zhang D, Lin J, Zheng C. Pharmacodynamic components and mechanisms of ginger (Zingiber officinale) in the prevention and treatment of colorectal cancer. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 324:117733. [PMID: 38218504 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.117733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/06/2024] [Indexed: 01/15/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Ginger is a "medicine-food homology" natural herb and has a longstanding medicinal background in treating intestinal diseases. Its remarkable bioactivities, including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, immunoregulatory, flora regulatory, intestinal protective, and anticancer properties, make it a promising natural medicine for colorectal cancer (CRC) prevention and treatment. AIM OF THE REVIEW The purpose is to review the relevant literature on ginger and pharmacodynamic components for CRC prevention and treatment, summarize the possible mechanisms of ginger from clinical studies and animal and in vitro experiments, to provide theoretical support for the use of ginger preparations in the daily prevention and clinical treatment of CRC. MATERIALS AND METHODS Literatures about ginger and CRC were searched from electronic databases, such as PubMed, Web of Science, ScienceDirect, Google Scholar and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI). RESULTS This article summarizes the molecular mechanisms of ginger and its pharmacodynamic components in the prevention and treatment of CRC, including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, immunoregulatory, flora regulatory, intestinal protective, inhibit CRC cell proliferation, induce CRC cell cycle blockage, promote CRC cell apoptosis, suppress CRC cell invasion and migration, enhance the anticancer effect of chemotherapeutic drugs. CONCLUSIONS Ginger has potential for daily prevention and clinical treatment of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sirui Xiang
- College of Basic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China.
| | - Qin Jian
- TCM Regulating Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610072, China.
| | - Wu Chen
- TCM Regulating Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610072, China.
| | - Qi Xu
- College of Basic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China.
| | - Jia Li
- TCM Regulating Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610072, China.
| | - Chuchu Wang
- College of Basic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China.
| | - Rongrong Wang
- College of Basic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China.
| | - Dingkun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China.
| | - Junzhi Lin
- TCM Regulating Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610072, China.
| | - Chuan Zheng
- TCM Regulating Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610072, China.
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13
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Chen J, Zhao J, Wu H, Wang T, Gao C. Efficacy and safety of oral probiotic supplementation in mitigating postoperative surgical site infections in patients undergoing colorectal cancer surgery: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Int Wound J 2024; 21:e14603. [PMID: 38155392 PMCID: PMC10961893 DOI: 10.1111/iwj.14603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Revised: 12/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Surgical site infections (SSIs) pose significant risks to patients undergoing colorectal cancer (CRC) surgery. With increasing evidence on the benefits of oral probiotics in various clinical contexts, there is a need to assess their efficacy and safety in reducing SSIs following CRC surgery. A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted in line with PRISMA guidelines using the PICO framework. On 19 September 2023, four major databases (PubMed, Embase, Web of Science and Cochrane Library) were searched without any temporal or language restrictions. Rigorous inclusion and exclusion criteria were employed. Data extraction was independently undertaken by two assessors, and any discrepancies were discussed. The Cochrane Collaboration's risk of bias instrument was utilized to assess study quality. The meta-analysis incorporated a fixed-effects model or random-effects model based on the I2 statistic to assess heterogeneity. The initial search yielded 1282 articles, of which 10 met the inclusion criteria and were analysed. Probiotic administration not only significantly reduced the incidence of SSIs but also curtailed the duration of hospital stays. Moreover, the subgroup analysis indicated that interventions employing multiple strains of probiotics were more effective in reducing postoperative infections than those utilizing a single strain. Probiotics effectively prevent postoperative infections and shorten hospital stays. Multi-strain probiotics outperform single strain in efficacy. Future studies should focus on their safety and optimal clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahong Chen
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Tissue Engineering, The First Dongguan Affiliated HospitalGuangdong Medical UniversityDongguanChina
- Department of Venereal Diseases and Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine and Bone ParalysisThe Third Hospital of Guangdong Medical University (Longjiang Hospital of Shunde District)FoshanChina
| | - Jie Zhao
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Tissue Engineering, The First Dongguan Affiliated HospitalGuangdong Medical UniversityDongguanChina
- Personnel SectionHuadu Clinical Medical College of Guangdong Medical University (Maternal and Child Health Hospital)GuangzhouChina
| | - Hongfu Wu
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Tissue Engineering, The First Dongguan Affiliated HospitalGuangdong Medical UniversityDongguanChina
| | - Tao Wang
- Department of Venereal Diseases and Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine and Bone ParalysisThe Third Hospital of Guangdong Medical University (Longjiang Hospital of Shunde District)FoshanChina
| | - Cifeng Gao
- Personnel SectionHuadu Clinical Medical College of Guangdong Medical University (Maternal and Child Health Hospital)GuangzhouChina
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14
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Kaur H, Kaur G, Ali SA. Postbiotics Implication in the Microbiota-Host Intestinal Epithelial Cells Mutualism. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2024; 16:443-458. [PMID: 36933160 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-023-10062-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023]
Abstract
To sustain host health and provide the microbial community with a nutrient-rich environment, the host and gut microbiota must interact with one another. These interactions between commensal bacterial and intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) serve as the first line of defense against gut microbiota in preserving intestinal homeostasis. In this microenvironment, the post-biotics and similar molecules such as p40 exert several beneficial effects through regulation of IECs. Importantly, post-biotics were discovered to be transactivators of the EGF receptor (EGFR) in IECs, inducing protective cellular responses and alleviating colitis. The transient exposure to post-biotics such as p40 during the neonatal period reprograms IECs by upregulation of a methyltransferase, Setd1β, leading to a sustained increase in TGF- β release for the expansion of regulatory T cells (Tregs) in the intestinal lamina propria and durable protection against colitis in adulthood. This crosstalk between the IECs and post-biotic secreted factors was not reviewed previously. Therefore, this review describes the role of probiotic-derived factors in the sustainability of intestinal health and improving gut homeostasis via certain signaling pathways. In the era of precision medicine and targeted therapies, more basic, preclinical, and clinical evidence is needed to clarify the efficacy of probiotics released as functional factors in maintaining intestinal health and preventing and treating disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harpreet Kaur
- Animal Biochemistry Division, ICAR-NDRI, Karnal, 132001, India
| | - Gurjeet Kaur
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
- Mark Wainwright Analytical Centre, Bioanalytical Mass Spectrometry Facility, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Syed Azmal Ali
- Cell Biology and Proteomics Lab, Animal Biotechnology Center, ICAR-NDRI, Karnal, 132001, India.
- Division Proteomics of Stem Cells and Cancer, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, 69120, Germany.
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15
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Kim M, Gunathilake M, Lee J, Oh JH, Chang HJ, Sohn DK, Shin A, Kim J. Sex-specific associations of empirically derived dietary patterns with colorectal cancer risk in a Korean population: a case‒control study. Sci Rep 2024; 14:6709. [PMID: 38509114 PMCID: PMC10954725 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-55524-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Dietary patterns may be a crucial modifiable factor in colorectal cancer (CRC) risk. This study aimed to examine the associations of dietary patterns derived from two methods with CRC risk in Korea. In a study of 1420 CRC patients and 2840 control participants, we obtained dietary patterns by principal component analysis (PCA) and reduced rank regression (RRR) using 33 predefined food groups. The associations between dietary patterns and CRC risk were assessed using unconditional logistic regression models to calculate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). We identified two similar dietary patterns, derived from PCA 1 (prudent) and RRR (healthy), characterized by higher consumption of green/yellow vegetables, light-colored vegetables, fruits, eggs, and milk in both men and women. In women, higher prudent and healthy pattern scores were significantly associated with a lower risk of CRC (prudent, ORQ4 vs. Q1 = 0.59, 95% CI 0.40-0.86, P for trend = 0.005; healthy, ORQ4 vs. Q1 = 0.62, 95% CI 0.43-0.89, P for trend = 0.007). In men, a significant inverse association between dietary pattern and risk of rectal cancer was found only for the healthy dietary pattern (ORQ4 vs. Q1 = 0.66, 95% CI 0.45-0.97, P for trend = 0.036). Compared with the dietary pattern derived by PCA, the RRR dietary pattern had a slightly stronger association with a lower risk of distal colon cancer (ORQ4 vs. Q1 = 0.58, 95% CI 0.35-0.97, P for trend = 0.025) and rectal cancer (ORQ4 vs. Q1 = 0.29, 95% CI 0.15-0.57, P for trend < 0.001) in women. Our findings suggest cancer prevention strategies focusing on a diet rich in vegetables, fruits, eggs, and milk. Moreover, the use of both PCA and RRR methods may be advantageous to explore the associations between dietary patterns and risk of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minji Kim
- Department of Cancer Biomedical Science, National Cancer Center Graduate School of Cancer Science and Policy, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea
| | - Madhawa Gunathilake
- Department of Cancer Biomedical Science, National Cancer Center Graduate School of Cancer Science and Policy, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea
| | - Jeonghee Lee
- Department of Cancer Biomedical Science, National Cancer Center Graduate School of Cancer Science and Policy, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea
| | - Jae Hwan Oh
- Center for Colorectal Cancer, National Cancer Center Hospital, National Cancer Center, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea
| | - Hee Jin Chang
- Center for Colorectal Cancer, National Cancer Center Hospital, National Cancer Center, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea
| | - Dae Kyung Sohn
- Center for Colorectal Cancer, National Cancer Center Hospital, National Cancer Center, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea
| | - Aesun Shin
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Jongno-gu, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jeongseon Kim
- Department of Cancer Biomedical Science, National Cancer Center Graduate School of Cancer Science and Policy, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea.
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16
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Gupta S, May FP, Kupfer SS, Murphy CC. Birth Cohort Colorectal Cancer (CRC): Implications for Research and Practice. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2024; 22:455-469.e7. [PMID: 38081492 PMCID: PMC11304405 DOI: 10.1016/j.cgh.2023.11.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) epidemiology is changing due to a birth cohort effect, first recognized by increasing incidence of early onset CRC (EOCRC, age <50 years). In this paper, we define "birth cohort CRC" as the observed phenomenon, among individuals born 1960 and later, of increasing CRC risk across successive birth cohorts, rising EOCRC incidence, increasing incidence among individuals aged 50 to 54 years, and flattening of prior decreasing incidence among individuals aged 55 to 74 years. We demonstrate birth cohort CRC is associated with unique features, including increasing rectal cancer (greater than colon) and distant (greater than local) stage CRC diagnosis, and increasing EOCRC across all racial/ethnic groups. We review potential risk factors, etiologies, and mechanisms for birth cohort CRC, using EOCRC as a starting point and describing importance of viewing these through the lens of birth cohort. We also outline implications of birth cohort CRC for epidemiologic and translational research, as well as current clinical practice. We postulate that recognition of birth cohort CRC as an entity-including and extending beyond rising EOCRC-can advance understanding of risk factors, etiologies, and mechanisms, and address the public health consequences of changing CRC epidemiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samir Gupta
- Section of Gastroenterology, Jennifer Moreno San Diego VA Medical Center, San Diego, California; Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, and Moores Cancer Center, University of California, La Jolla, California.
| | - Folasade P May
- Vatche and Tamar Manoukian Division of Digestive Diseases, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, California; Greater Los Angeles Veterans Affairs Healthcare System, Los Angeles, California; UCLA Kaiser Permanente Center for Health Equity, Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, UCLA, Los Angeles, California
| | - Sonia S Kupfer
- Section of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Caitlin C Murphy
- Department of Health Promotion & Behavioral Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth Houston) School of Public Health, Houston, Texas
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17
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Zaoui M, Louadj L, Ferrand N, Nehme R, Sabbah M, Abdennebi-Najar L. Carcinogenic effect of low doses of polycyclic and heterocyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and amines and lack of protection by inulin supplementation. Food Chem Toxicol 2024; 185:114454. [PMID: 38237855 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2024.114454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2023] [Revised: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/05/2024]
Abstract
Evidence suggests that meat processing and heat treatment may increase cancer risk through exposure to potentially carcinogenic compounds, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), and heterocyclic aromatic amines (HAAs). This study aims to investigate the effect of low concentrations of PAHs and HAAs (from 1 to 100 μmol/L/24h and 48h) in colorectal tumor cells (HT-29, HCT116, and LS174T) and to evaluate the effect of PAHs in the presence of inulin in mice. In vitro, the 4-PAHs have no effect on healthy colon cells but decreased the viability of the colorectal tumor cells and activated the mRNA and protein expressions of CYP1A1 and CYP1B1. In vivo, in mice with colitis induced by 3% DSS, the 4-PAHs (equimolar mix at 50,100, 150 mg/kg.bw, orally 3 times a week for 3 weeks) induced a loss of body weight and tumor formation. Inulin (10 g/L) had no effect on colon length and tumor formation. A significant decrease in the loss of b.w was observed in inulin group as compared to the fiber free group. These results underscore the importance of considering the biological association between low-dose exposure to 4-HAPs and diet-related colon tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maurice Zaoui
- Sorbonne Université-INSERM UMR 938, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine (CRSA), Institut Universitaire de Cancérologie (IUC), Paris, France
| | - Lila Louadj
- Sorbonne Université-INSERM UMR 938, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine (CRSA), Institut Universitaire de Cancérologie (IUC), Paris, France
| | - Nathalie Ferrand
- Sorbonne Université-INSERM UMR 938, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine (CRSA), Institut Universitaire de Cancérologie (IUC), Paris, France
| | - Ralph Nehme
- Quality and Health Department, IDELE Institute, 149 Rue de Bercy, 75012 Paris, France
| | - Michele Sabbah
- Sorbonne Université-INSERM UMR 938, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine (CRSA), Institut Universitaire de Cancérologie (IUC), Paris, France
| | - Latifa Abdennebi-Najar
- Quality and Health Department, IDELE Institute, 149 Rue de Bercy, 75012 Paris, France; Sorbonne Université-INSERM UMR 938, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine (CRSA), Institut Universitaire de Cancérologie (IUC), Paris, France.
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18
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Li D, Zhong C, Yang M, He L, Chang H, Zhu N, Celniker SE, Threadgill DW, Snijders AM, Mao JH, Yuan Y. Genetic and microbial determinants of azoxymethane-induced colorectal tumor susceptibility in Collaborative Cross mice and their implication in human cancer. Gut Microbes 2024; 16:2341647. [PMID: 38659246 PMCID: PMC11057575 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2024.2341647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
The insights into interactions between host genetics and gut microbiome (GM) in colorectal tumor susceptibility (CTS) remains lacking. We used Collaborative Cross mouse population model to identify genetic and microbial determinants of Azoxymethane-induced CTS. We identified 4417 CTS-associated single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) containing 334 genes that were transcriptionally altered in human colorectal cancers (CRCs) and consistently clustered independent human CRC cohorts into two subgroups with different prognosis. We discovered a set of genera in early-life associated with CTS and defined a 16-genus signature that accurately predicted CTS, the majority of which were correlated with human CRCs. We identified 547 SNPs associated with abundances of these genera. Mediation analysis revealed GM as mediators partially exerting the effect of SNP UNC3869242 within Duox2 on CTS. Intestine cell-specific depletion of Duox2 altered GM composition and contribution of Duox2 depletion to CTS was significantly influenced by GM. Our findings provide potential novel targets for personalized CRC prevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Li
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, China National Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology in Medical Sciences, Hangzhou, ZJ, China
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, ZJ, China
| | - Chenhan Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, China National Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology in Medical Sciences, Hangzhou, ZJ, China
- Biological Systems and Engineering Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Mengyuan Yang
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, China National Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology in Medical Sciences, Hangzhou, ZJ, China
| | - Li He
- Biological Systems and Engineering Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
- Department of Hematology, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Hang Chang
- Biological Systems and Engineering Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
- Berkeley Biomedical Data Science Center, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Ning Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, China National Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology in Medical Sciences, Hangzhou, ZJ, China
| | - Susan E Celniker
- Biological Systems and Engineering Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - David W Threadgill
- Texas A&M Institute for Genome Sciences and Society, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine and Department of Biochemistry & Biophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Antoine M Snijders
- Biological Systems and Engineering Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
- Berkeley Biomedical Data Science Center, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Jian-Hua Mao
- Biological Systems and Engineering Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
- Berkeley Biomedical Data Science Center, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Ying Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, China National Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology in Medical Sciences, Hangzhou, ZJ, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for CANCER, Hangzhou, ZJ, China
- Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, ZJ, China
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19
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Ruiz-Saavedra S, González Del Rey C, Suárez A, Díaz Y, Zapico A, Arboleya S, Salazar N, Gueimonde M, de Los Reyes-Gavilán CG, González S. Associations of dietary factors and xenobiotic intake with faecal microbiota composition according to the presence of intestinal mucosa damage. Food Funct 2023; 14:9591-9605. [PMID: 37740374 DOI: 10.1039/d3fo01356a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Abstract
Diet is a major modulator of gut microbiota, which plays a key role in the health status, including colorectal cancer (CRC) development. Several studies and meta-analyses have evidenced an association of certain dietary factors and xenobiotic intake with the incidence of CRC. Nevertheless, how these dietary factors impact the first stages of intestinal mucosa damage is still uncertain. This study aimed at exploring the associations of relevant dietary factors with the gut microbiota of control individuals and subjects diagnosed with intestinal polyps. A total of 60 volunteers were recruited, clinically classified according to colonoscopy criteria and interviewed using food frequency questionnaires (FFQs). The nutritional status of each volunteer was determined and the intake of dietary xenobiotics was quantified. The relative abundance of faecal microbiota taxonomic groups was obtained through 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The association of dietary factors and xenobiotics with faecal microbiota composition showed differences according to the clinical diagnosis group. Our results showed that the intake of red meat (≥50 g day-1) and total polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) (≥0.75 μg day-1) was associated with a decreased abundance of the family Bacteroidaceae and an increased abundance of Coriobacteriaceae in control subjects. The intake of the heterocyclic amines 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo(4,5-b)pyridine (PhIP) (≥40 ng day-1) and 2-amino-3,8 dimethylimidazo(4,5,f) quinoxaline (MeIQx) (≥50 ng day-1) was associated with a decreased abundance of Akkermansiaceae in the control diagnosis group. Moreover, N-nitroso compounds (NOCs), nitrites (≥1.69 mg day-1) and N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) (≥0.126 μg day-1) were associated with a decreased abundance of Bifidobacteriaceae. The intake of ethanol (≥12 g day-1) in the polyps group was associated with an increased abundance of Peptostreptococcaceae and a decreased abundance of Veillonellaceae. Moreover, linear regression analyses allowed us to identify ethanol, calcium, bioactive compounds such as flavonoids, stilbenes, cellulose, phenolic acids or total polyphenols, and dietary xenobiotics such as PhIP and MeIQx, the NOC N-nitrosopyrrolidine (NPYR) or the total PAHs as potential predictors of faecal microbiota group abundances. These results indicated that the consumption of milk, red meat, processed meat and ethanol and the intake of polyphenols, dietary PAHs, HAs and NOCs are associated with specific groups of the intestinal microbiota, depending on the clinical diagnosis group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Ruiz-Saavedra
- Department of Microbiology and Biochemistry of Dairy Products, Instituto de Productos Lácteos de Asturias (IPLA-CSIC), 33300 Villaviciosa, Spain.
- Diet, Microbiota and Health Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), 33011 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Carmen González Del Rey
- Anatomical Pathology Service, Central University Hospital of Asturias (HUCA), 33011 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Adolfo Suárez
- Digestive Service, Central University Hospital of Asturias (HUCA), 33011 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Ylenia Díaz
- Digestive Service, Carmen and Severo Ochoa Hospital, 33819 Cangas del Narcea, Spain
| | - Aida Zapico
- Diet, Microbiota and Health Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), 33011 Oviedo, Spain
- Department of Functional Biology, University of Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Silvia Arboleya
- Department of Microbiology and Biochemistry of Dairy Products, Instituto de Productos Lácteos de Asturias (IPLA-CSIC), 33300 Villaviciosa, Spain.
- Diet, Microbiota and Health Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), 33011 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Nuria Salazar
- Department of Microbiology and Biochemistry of Dairy Products, Instituto de Productos Lácteos de Asturias (IPLA-CSIC), 33300 Villaviciosa, Spain.
- Diet, Microbiota and Health Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), 33011 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Miguel Gueimonde
- Department of Microbiology and Biochemistry of Dairy Products, Instituto de Productos Lácteos de Asturias (IPLA-CSIC), 33300 Villaviciosa, Spain.
- Diet, Microbiota and Health Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), 33011 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Clara G de Los Reyes-Gavilán
- Department of Microbiology and Biochemistry of Dairy Products, Instituto de Productos Lácteos de Asturias (IPLA-CSIC), 33300 Villaviciosa, Spain.
- Diet, Microbiota and Health Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), 33011 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Sonia González
- Diet, Microbiota and Health Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), 33011 Oviedo, Spain
- Department of Functional Biology, University of Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Spain
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20
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Yin Y, Wan J, Yu J, Wu K. Molecular Pathogenesis of Colitis-associated Colorectal Cancer: Immunity, Genetics, and Intestinal Microecology. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2023; 29:1648-1657. [PMID: 37202830 DOI: 10.1093/ibd/izad081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) have a high risk for colorectal cancer (CRC). This cancer type, which is strongly associated with chronic inflammation, is called colitis-associated CRC (CAC). Understanding the molecular pathogenesis of CAC is crucial to identify biomarkers necessary for early diagnosis and more effective treatment directions. The accumulation of immune cells and inflammatory factors, which constitute a complex chronic inflammatory environment in the intestinal mucosa, may cause oxidative stress or DNA damage to the epithelial cells, leading to CAC development and progression. An important feature of CAC is genetic instability, which includes chromosome instability, microsatellite instability, hypermethylation, and changes in noncoding RNAs. Furthermore, the intestinal microbiota and metabolites have a great impact on IBD and CAC. By clarifying immune, genetic, intestinal microecology, and other related pathogenesis, CAC may be more predictable and treatable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Yin
- Medical School, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jian Wan
- Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology and National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jingmin Yu
- Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology and National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Kaichun Wu
- Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology and National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
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21
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Feng L, Gao J, Xia W, Li Y, Lowe S, Yau V, Ma S, Zhou Z, Ding P, Cheng C, Bentley R, Wang Y, Zhou Q, Wang K, Wu B, Xie P, Liu H, Sun C. Association of sugar-sweetened beverages with the risk of colorectal cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur J Clin Nutr 2023; 77:941-952. [PMID: 37438466 DOI: 10.1038/s41430-023-01302-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Revised: 06/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023]
Abstract
The association between sugar-sweetened beverages intake and colorectal cancer (CRC) remains controversial. A metaanalysis was performed to clarify the correlation between sugar-sweetened beverages and CRC risk/mortality. A systematic literature search was conducted in PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Sinomed (CBM), Wanfang Data Knowledge Service Platform, and China Science and Technology Journal VIP database. Articles were restricted to be available in any language until March 31, 2022. The highest exposed categories were used to calculate the pooled relative risks (RR) values. Pooled relative risks (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were used to estimate the association of sugar-sweetened beverages with CRC risk and mortality. Heterogeneity was assessed with the Cochran Q statistic and quantified with the I2 statistic. A total of 17 studies (6 case-control and 11 cohort) involving 557,391 subjects were included in this meta-analysis. The pooled RRs for CRC incidence and mortality among people taking sugar-sweetened beverages were 1.17 (95% CI: 1.07-1.28) and 1.13 (95% CI: 0.99-1.29), respectively. In subgroup analysis, a correlation was found in the distal colon with a pooled RR of 1.41 (95% CI: 1.10-1.80). There was no correlation in the proximal colon with a pooled RR of 1.58 (95% CI: 0.79-3.17). We found statistically significant associations between CRC incidence and sugar-sweetened beverages intake in North America and Oceania, with pooled RRs of 1.16 (95% CI: 1.00-1.33) and 1.32 (95% CI: 1.13-1.55), respectively. In sensitivity analysis, after excluding each study and calculating heterogeneity and effect sizes, there was still a correlation between sugar-sweetened beverages intake and CRC risk. This meta-analysis suggests that sugar-sweetened beverages intake may increase CRC risk, independent of CRC mortality. Whether CRC risk increases with increased sugar-sweetened beverage intake needs further investigation in the future. This meta-analysis aimed to indicate the relationship between sugar-sweetened beverages intake and the risk and mortality of colorectal cancer. A total of 17 studies involving 557,391 subjects were included. The results showed that sugar-sweetened beverages may increase the risk of colorectal cancer but may not be associated with colorectal cancer mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linya Feng
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, PR China
| | - Juan Gao
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, PR China
| | - Weihang Xia
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, PR China
| | - Yaru Li
- Internal Medicine, Swedish Hospital, 5140 N California Ave, Chicago, IL, 60625, USA
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Des Moines University, 3200 Grand Ave, Des Moines, IA, 50312, USA
| | - Scott Lowe
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Kansas City University, 1750 Independence Ave, Kansas City, MO, 64106, USA
| | - Vicky Yau
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University at Buffalo, 320 Hayes Rd, Buffalo, New York, NY, 14215, USA
| | - Shaodi Ma
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, PR China
| | - Zhen Zhou
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, 17 Liverpool Street, Hobart, TAS, 7000, Australia
| | - Ping'an Ding
- The Third Department of Surgery, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050011, China
| | - Ce Cheng
- Hematology and Medical Oncology, St. Joseph Mercy Ann Arbor Hospital, 5301 McAuley Dr, Ypsilanti, MI, 48197, USA
| | - Rachel Bentley
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Kansas City University, 1750 Independence Ave, Kansas City, MO, 64106, USA
| | - Yichen Wang
- Mercy Internal Medicine Service, Trinity Health of New England, 271 Carew St, Springfield, MA, 01104, USA
| | - Qin Zhou
- Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Kai Wang
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, No. 32, Meijian Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221006, China
| | - Birong Wu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, PR China
| | - Peng Xie
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, PR China
| | - Haixia Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, PR China
| | - Chenyu Sun
- Department of General Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Furong Road 678, Hefei, Anhui, 230601, China.
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Furong Road 678, Hefei, Anhui, 230601, China.
- AMITA Health Saint Joseph Hospital Chicago, 2900 N. Lake Shore Drive, Chicago, Illinois, 60657, USA.
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22
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Soutullo-Castiñeiras C, Bustamante-Balén M. The role of vitamin D and calcium in preventing recurrence of colon adenomas: is precision medicine the answer? Transl Cancer Res 2023; 12:2429-2432. [PMID: 37859731 PMCID: PMC10583001 DOI: 10.21037/tcr-23-630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Marco Bustamante-Balén
- Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Unit, Hospital Universitari i Politècnic La Fe, Valencia, Spain
- La Fe Health Research Institute (IIS La Fe), Valencia, Spain
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23
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Cacciola NA, Venneri T, Salzano A, D'Onofrio N, Martano M, Saggese A, Vinale F, Neglia G, Campanile C, Baccigalupi L, Maiolino P, Cuozzo M, Russo R, Balestrieri ML, D'Occhio MJ, Ricca E, Borrelli F, Campanile G. Chemopreventive effect of a milk whey by-product derived from Buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) in protecting from colorectal carcinogenesis. Cell Commun Signal 2023; 21:245. [PMID: 37730576 PMCID: PMC10510155 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-023-01271-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several studies show that natural foods are a source of compounds with anticancer properties that affect the gut microbiota and its metabolites. In the present study, we investigate the effect of a delactosed buffalo milk whey by-product (DMW) on colorectal carcinogenesis. METHODS The effect of DMW on colorectal carcinoma (CRC) was investigated in the established mouse model of azoxymethane (AOM)-induced colon carcinoma, which closely resembles the human clinical condition of CRC. The effect of DMW on CRC immortalized cell lines was also evaluated to further identify the antineoplastic mechanism of action. RESULTS Pretreatment of AOM-treated mice with DMW significantly (P < 0.05) reduced the percentage of mice bearing both aberrant crypt foci with more than four crypts (which are early precancerous lesions that progress to CRC) and tumors. In addition, DMW completely counteracted the effect of AOM on protein expression of caspase-9, cleaved caspase-3 and poly ADP-ribose polymerase in colonic tissue. Administration of DMW alone (i.e. without AOM) resulted in changes in the composition of the gut microbiota, leading to enrichment or depletion of genera associated with health and disease, respectively. DMW was also able to restore AOM-induced changes in specific genera of the gut microbiota. Specifically, DMW reduced the genera Atopobiaceae, Ruminococcus 1 and Lachnospiraceae XPB1014 and increased the genera Parabacteroides and Candidatus Saccharimonas, which were increased and reduced, respectively, by AOM. Blood levels of butyric acid and cancer diagnostic markers (5-methylcytidine and glycerophosphocholine), which were increased by AOM treatment, were reduced by DMW. Furthermore, DMW exerted cytotoxic effects on two human CRC cell lines (HCT116 and HT29) and these effects were associated with the induction of apoptotic signaling. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that DMW exerts chemopreventive effects and restores the gut microbiota in AOM-induced CRC, and induces cytotoxic effect on CRC cells. DMW could be an important dietary supplement to support a healthy gut microbiota and reduce the prevalence of CRC in humans. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nunzio Antonio Cacciola
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples Federico II, Via F. Delpino, 1, Naples, 80137, Italy
| | - Tommaso Venneri
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Via D. Montesano, 49, Naples, 80131, Italy
| | - Angela Salzano
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples Federico II, Via F. Delpino, 1, Naples, 80137, Italy
| | - Nunzia D'Onofrio
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Via L. De Crecchio, 7, Naples, 80138, Italy
| | - Manuela Martano
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples Federico II, Via F. Delpino, 1, Naples, 80137, Italy
| | - Anella Saggese
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Via V. Cupa Cintia, 21, Naples, 80126, Italy
| | - Francesco Vinale
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples Federico II, Via F. Delpino, 1, Naples, 80137, Italy
| | - Gianluca Neglia
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples Federico II, Via F. Delpino, 1, Naples, 80137, Italy
| | - Ciro Campanile
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics "A. Buzzati-Traverso", National Research Council (CNR-IGB), Via P. Castellino 111, Naples, 80131, Italy
| | - Loredana Baccigalupi
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, Via S. Pansini, 5, Naples, 80131, Italy
| | - Paola Maiolino
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples Federico II, Via F. Delpino, 1, Naples, 80137, Italy
| | - Mariarosaria Cuozzo
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Via D. Montesano, 49, Naples, 80131, Italy
| | - Roberto Russo
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Via D. Montesano, 49, Naples, 80131, Italy
| | - Maria Luisa Balestrieri
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Via L. De Crecchio, 7, Naples, 80138, Italy
| | - Michael John D'Occhio
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Sydney, New South Wales, 2006, Australia
| | - Ezio Ricca
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Via V. Cupa Cintia, 21, Naples, 80126, Italy
| | - Francesca Borrelli
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Via D. Montesano, 49, Naples, 80131, Italy.
| | - Giuseppe Campanile
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples Federico II, Via F. Delpino, 1, Naples, 80137, Italy
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24
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He ZJ, Yusufu W, Zhang S, Luo MY, Chen YC, Peng H, Wan XY. Association between Dietary Inflammatory Index and Risk of Colorectal Adenomatous Polyps in Kashgar Prefecture of Xinjiang, China. Nutrients 2023; 15:4067. [PMID: 37764850 PMCID: PMC10537589 DOI: 10.3390/nu15184067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Malignant colorectal tumors and precancerous lesions are closely associated with chronic inflammation. Specific dietary patterns can increase chronic inflammation in the body, thereby promoting the occurrence of tumors and precancerous lesions. We have conducted a case-control study in Kashgar Prefecture, Xinjiang, China, to explore the association between the energy-adjusted dietary inflammatory index (E-DII) and the risk of colorectal adenomatous polyps (CAP). A total of 52 newly diagnosed patients with CAP and 192 controls at the First People's Hospital of Kashgar Prefecture were enrolled in this study. Dietary information was collected using a food frequency questionnaire. The E-DII was calculated based on dietary data, reflecting an individual's dietary inflammatory potential. Logistic regression models were used to evaluate the relationship between the E-DII and the risk of CAP, with adjustments for potential confounding factors. The results showed that the maximum anti- and pro-inflammatory values of E-DII were -4.33 and +3.48, respectively. Higher E-DII scores were associated with an increased risk of CAP, and this association remained statistically significant after adjusting for age, sex, body mass index, smoking status, and other relevant variables. Notably, a more pro-inflammatory dietary pattern may be related to an increased risk of developing CAP in Kashgar Prefecture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuo-Jie He
- Department of General Surgery (Anorectal Surgery), The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510655, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510655, China
- Biomedical Innovation Center, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510655, China
| | - Weili Yusufu
- Department of Rectal Surgery, The First Hospital of Kashgar Prefecture, Kashgar 844000, China
| | - Shuang Zhang
- Department of General Surgery (Anorectal Surgery), The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510655, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510655, China
- Biomedical Innovation Center, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510655, China
| | - Min-Yi Luo
- Department of General Surgery (Anorectal Surgery), The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510655, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510655, China
- Biomedical Innovation Center, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510655, China
| | - Yong-Cheng Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510655, China
- Biomedical Innovation Center, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510655, China
- Department of General Surgery (Endoscopic Surgery), The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510655, China
| | - Hui Peng
- Department of General Surgery (Anorectal Surgery), The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510655, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510655, China
- Biomedical Innovation Center, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510655, China
| | - Xing-Yang Wan
- Department of General Surgery (Anorectal Surgery), The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510655, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510655, China
- Biomedical Innovation Center, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510655, China
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25
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Kong X, Zhang Y, Xiang L, You Y, Duan Y, Zhao Y, Li S, Wu R, Zhang J, Zhou L, Duan L. Fusobacterium nucleatum-triggered neutrophil extracellular traps facilitate colorectal carcinoma progression. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2023; 42:236. [PMID: 37684625 PMCID: PMC10492297 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-023-02817-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fusobacterium nucleatum (Fn) acts as a procarcinogenic bacterium in colorectal carcinoma (CRC) by regulating the inflammatory tumor microenvironment (TME). Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), which can be generated by persistent inflammation, have been recently considered to be significant contributors in promoting cancer progression. However, whether NETs are implicated in Fn-related carcinogenesis is still poorly characterized. Here, we explored the role of NETs in Fn-related CRC as well as their potential clinical significance. METHODS Fn was measured in tissue specimens and feces samples from CRC patients. The expression of NET markers were also detected in tissue specimens, freshly isolated neutrophils and blood serum from CRC patients, and the correlation of circulating NETs levels with Fn was evaluated. Cell-based experiments were conducted to investigate the mechanism by which Fn modulates NETs formation. In addition, we clarified the functional mechanism of Fn-induced NETs on the growth and metastasis of CRC in vitro and in vivo experiments. RESULTS Tissue and blood samples from CRC patients, particularly those from Fn-infected CRC patients, exhibited greater neutrophil infiltration and higher NETs levels. Fn infection induced abundant NETs production in in vitro studies. Subsequently, we demonstrated that Fn-induced NETs indirectly accelerated malignant tumor growth through angiopoiesis, and facilitated tumor metastasis, as manifested by epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-related cell migration, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-mediated basement membrane protein degradation, and trapping of CRC cells. Mechanistically, the Toll-like receptor (TLR4)-reactive oxygen species (ROS) signaling pathway and NOD-like receptor (NOD1/2)-dependent signaling were responsible for Fn-stimulated NETs formation. More importantly, circulating NETs combined with carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) could predict CRC occurrence and metastasis, with areas under the ROC curves (AUCs) of 0.92 and 0.85, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Our findings indicated that Fn-induced NETs abundance by activating TLR4-ROS and NOD1/2 signalings in neutrophils facilitated CRC progression. The combination of circulating NETs and CEA was identified as a novel screening strategy for predicting CRC occurrence and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuehua Kong
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medical Diagnostics, Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University, No. 1 of Yixueyuan Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016, China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No.74 Linjiang Road, Yu Zhong District, Chongqing, 400010, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No.74 Linjiang Road, Yu Zhong District, Chongqing, 400010, China
| | - Linwei Xiang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medical Diagnostics, Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University, No. 1 of Yixueyuan Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016, China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No.74 Linjiang Road, Yu Zhong District, Chongqing, 400010, China
| | - Yan You
- Department of Pathology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, China
| | - Yaqian Duan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No.74 Linjiang Road, Yu Zhong District, Chongqing, 400010, China
| | - Yuqing Zhao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medical Diagnostics, Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University, No. 1 of Yixueyuan Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Shue Li
- Department of Academic Research, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, China
| | - Rui Wu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chonqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Jiangbo Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Lan Zhou
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medical Diagnostics, Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University, No. 1 of Yixueyuan Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016, China.
| | - Liang Duan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No.74 Linjiang Road, Yu Zhong District, Chongqing, 400010, China.
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26
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Zi Y, Liu L, Gao J, Xu X, Guan Y, Rong Z, Cao Z, Li M, Zeng Z, Fan Q, Tang F, He J, Feng D, Chen J, Dai Y, Huang Y, Nie Y, Pei H, Cai Q, Li Z, Sun L, Deng Y. Phosphorylation of PPDPF via IL6-JAK2 activates the Wnt/β-catenin pathway in colorectal cancer. EMBO Rep 2023; 24:e55060. [PMID: 37477088 PMCID: PMC10481670 DOI: 10.15252/embr.202255060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammation plays an important role in the initiation and progression of colorectal cancer (CRC) and leads to β-catenin accumulation in colitis-related CRC. However, the mechanism remains largely unknown. Here, pancreatic progenitor cell differentiation and proliferation factor (PPDPF) is found to be upregulated in CRC and significantly correlated with tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) stages and survival time. Knockout of PPDPF in the intestinal epithelium shortens crypts, decreases the number of stem cells, and inhibits the growth of organoids and the occurrence of azoxymethane (AOM)/dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced CRC. Mechanistically, PPDPF is found to interact with Casein kinase 1α (CK1α), thereby disrupting its binding to Axin, disassociating the β-catenin destruction complex, decreasing the phosphorylation of β-catenin, and activating the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Furthermore, interleukin 6 (IL6)/Janus kinase 2 (JAK2)-mediated inflammatory signals lead to phosphorylation of PPDPF at Tyr16 and Tyr17, stabilizing the protein. In summary, this study demonstrates that PPDPF is a key molecule in CRC carcinogenesis and progression that connects inflammatory signals to the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, providing a potential novel therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuyuan Zi
- Shanghai Institute of Thoracic Oncology, Shanghai Chest HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Radiation Oncology, Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaChina
| | - Liyu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Radiation Oncology, Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaChina
- Hunan International Science and Technology Collaboration Base of Precision Medicine for CancerChangshaChina
| | - Jie Gao
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Radiation Oncology, Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaChina
- Hunan International Science and Technology Collaboration Base of Precision Medicine for CancerChangshaChina
| | - Xu Xu
- Department of PediatricsRuijin HospitalShanghaiChina
| | - Yidi Guan
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Radiation Oncology, Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaChina
- Hunan International Science and Technology Collaboration Base of Precision Medicine for CancerChangshaChina
| | - Zhuoxian Rong
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Radiation Oncology, Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaChina
- Hunan International Science and Technology Collaboration Base of Precision Medicine for CancerChangshaChina
| | - Zhen Cao
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Radiation Oncology, Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaChina
- Hunan International Science and Technology Collaboration Base of Precision Medicine for CancerChangshaChina
| | - Mengwei Li
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Radiation Oncology, Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaChina
- Hunan International Science and Technology Collaboration Base of Precision Medicine for CancerChangshaChina
| | - Zimei Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Radiation Oncology, Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaChina
- Hunan International Science and Technology Collaboration Base of Precision Medicine for CancerChangshaChina
| | - Qi Fan
- Shanghai Institute of Thoracic Oncology, Shanghai Chest HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Radiation Oncology, Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaChina
| | - Feiyu Tang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Radiation Oncology, Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaChina
- Hunan International Science and Technology Collaboration Base of Precision Medicine for CancerChangshaChina
| | - Junju He
- Cancer CenterRenmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Dan Feng
- Department of Oncology, Changhai HospitalSecond Military Medical UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Jionghuang Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw HospitalZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Yuedi Dai
- Department of Medical Oncology, Minhang BranchFudan University Shanghai Cancer CenterShanghaiChina
| | - Yufeng Huang
- Department of OncologyJingjiang People's Hospital Affiliated to Yangzhou UniversityJingjiangChina
| | - Yingjie Nie
- NHC Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Immune‐Related DiseasesGuizhou Provincial People's HospitalGuiyangChina
| | - Haiping Pei
- Department of General Surgery, Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaChina
| | - Qingping Cai
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital, School of MedicineTongji UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Zhi Li
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Radiation Oncology, Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaChina
- Hunan International Science and Technology Collaboration Base of Precision Medicine for CancerChangshaChina
| | - Lunquan Sun
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Radiation Oncology, Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaChina
- Hunan International Science and Technology Collaboration Base of Precision Medicine for CancerChangshaChina
| | - Yuezhen Deng
- Shanghai Institute of Thoracic Oncology, Shanghai Chest HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Radiation Oncology, Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaChina
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Ramos-Inza S, Aliaga C, Encío I, Raza A, Sharma AK, Aydillo C, Martínez-Sáez N, Sanmartín C, Plano D. First Generation of Antioxidant Precursors for Bioisosteric Se-NSAIDs: Design, Synthesis, and In Vitro and In Vivo Anticancer Evaluation. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1666. [PMID: 37759969 PMCID: PMC10525927 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12091666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The introduction of selenium (Se) into organic scaffolds has been demonstrated to be a promising framework in the field of medicinal chemistry. A novel design of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) derivatives based on a bioisosteric replacement via the incorporation of Se as diacyl diselenide is reported. The antioxidant activity was assessed using the DPPH radical scavenging assay. The new Se-NSAID derivatives bearing this unique combination showed antioxidant activity in a time- and dose-dependent manner, and also displayed different antiproliferative profiles in a panel of eight cancer cell lines as determined by the MTT assay. Ibuprofen derivative 5 was not only the most antioxidant agent, but also selectively induced toxicity in all the cancer cell lines tested (IC50 < 10 µM) while sparing nonmalignant cells, and induced apoptosis partially without enhancing the caspase 3/7 activity. Furthermore, NSAID derivative 5 significantly suppressed tumor growth in a subcutaneous colon cancer xenograft mouse model (10 mg/kg, TGI = 72%, and T/C = 38%) without exhibiting any apparent toxicity. To our knowledge, this work constitutes the first report on in vitro and in vivo anticancer activity of an unprecedented Se-NSAID hybrid derivative and its rational use for developing precursors for bioisosteric selenocompounds with appealing therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Ramos-Inza
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Chemistry, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (S.R.-I.); (C.A.); (N.M.-S.)
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Irunlarrea 3, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Cesar Aliaga
- Department of Pharmacology, Penn State Cancer Institute, CH72, Penn State College of Medicine, 500 University Drive, Hershey, PA 17033, USA; (C.A.); (A.R.)
| | - Ignacio Encío
- Department of Health Sciences, Public University of Navarra, Avda. Barañain s/n, 31008 Pamplona, Spain;
| | - Asif Raza
- Department of Pharmacology, Penn State Cancer Institute, CH72, Penn State College of Medicine, 500 University Drive, Hershey, PA 17033, USA; (C.A.); (A.R.)
| | - Arun K. Sharma
- Department of Pharmacology, Penn State Cancer Institute, CH72, Penn State College of Medicine, 500 University Drive, Hershey, PA 17033, USA; (C.A.); (A.R.)
| | - Carlos Aydillo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Chemistry, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (S.R.-I.); (C.A.); (N.M.-S.)
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Irunlarrea 3, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Nuria Martínez-Sáez
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Chemistry, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (S.R.-I.); (C.A.); (N.M.-S.)
| | - Carmen Sanmartín
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Chemistry, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (S.R.-I.); (C.A.); (N.M.-S.)
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Irunlarrea 3, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Daniel Plano
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Chemistry, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (S.R.-I.); (C.A.); (N.M.-S.)
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Irunlarrea 3, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
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Zhang D, Jian YP, Zhang YN, Li Y, Gu LT, Sun HH, Liu MD, Zhou HL, Wang YS, Xu ZX. Short-chain fatty acids in diseases. Cell Commun Signal 2023; 21:212. [PMID: 37596634 PMCID: PMC10436623 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-023-01219-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 52.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) are the main metabolites produced by bacterial fermentation of dietary fibre in the gastrointestinal tract. The absorption of SCFAs is mediated by substrate transporters, such as monocarboxylate transporter 1 and sodium-coupled monocarboxylate transporter 1, which promote cellular metabolism. An increasing number of studies have implicated metabolites produced by microorganisms as crucial executors of diet-based microbial influence on the host. SCFAs are important fuels for intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) and represent a major carbon flux from the diet, that is decomposed by the gut microbiota. SCFAs play a vital role in multiple molecular biological processes, such as promoting the secretion of glucagon-like peptide-1 by IECs to inhibit the elevation of blood glucose, increasing the expression of G protein-coupled receptors such as GPR41 and GPR43, and inhibiting histone deacetylases, which participate in the regulation of the proliferation, differentiation, and function of IECs. SCFAs affect intestinal motility, barrier function, and host metabolism. Furthermore, SCFAs play important regulatory roles in local, intermediate, and peripheral metabolisms. Acetate, propionate, and butyrate are the major SCFAs, they are involved in the regulation of immunity, apoptosis, inflammation, and lipid metabolism. Herein, we review the diverse functional roles of this major class of bacterial metabolites and reflect on their ability to affect intestine, metabolic, and other diseases. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Norman Bethune College of Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Yong-Ping Jian
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Norman Bethune College of Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
- School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
| | - Yu-Ning Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Norman Bethune College of Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Yao Li
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Norman Bethune College of Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Li-Ting Gu
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Norman Bethune College of Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Hui-Hui Sun
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Norman Bethune College of Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Ming-Di Liu
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Norman Bethune College of Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Hong-Lan Zhou
- Department of Urology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China.
| | - Yi-Shu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Norman Bethune College of Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China.
| | - Zhi-Xiang Xu
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Norman Bethune College of Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China.
- School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China.
- Department of Urology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China.
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Nawab S, Bao Q, Ji LH, Luo Q, Fu X, Fan S, Deng Z, Ma W. The Pathogenicity of Fusobacterium nucleatum Modulated by Dietary Fibers-A Possible Missing Link between the Dietary Composition and the Risk of Colorectal Cancer. Microorganisms 2023; 11:2004. [PMID: 37630564 PMCID: PMC10458976 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11082004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The dietary composition has been approved to be strongly associated with the risk of colorectal cancer (CRC), one of the most serious malignancies worldwide, through regulating the gut microbiota structure, thereby influencing the homeostasis of colonic epithelial cells by producing carcinogens, i.e., ammonia or antitumor metabolites, like butyrate. Though butyrate-producing Fusobacterium nucleatum has been considered a potential tumor driver associated with chemotherapy resistance and poor prognosis in CRC, it was more frequently identified in the gut microbiota of healthy individuals rather than CRC tumor tissues. First, within the concentration range tested, the fermentation broth of F. nucleatum exhibited no significant effects on Caco-2 and NCM460 cells viability except for a notable up-regulation of the expression of TLR4 (30.70%, p < 0.0001) and Myc (47.67%, p = 0.021) and genes encoding proinflammatory cytokines including IL1B (197.57%, p < 0.0001), IL6 (1704.51%, p < 0.0001), and IL8 (897.05%, p < 0.0001) in Caco-2 cells exclusively. Although no marked effects of polydextrose or fibersol-2 on the growth of F. nucleatum, Caco-2 and NCM460 cells were observed, once culture media supplemented with polydextrose or fibersol-2, the corresponding fermentation broths of F. nucleatum significantly inhibited the growth of Caco-2 cells up to 48.90% (p = 0.0003, 72 h, 10%) and 52.96% (p = 0.0002, 72 h, 10%), respectively in a dose-dependent manner. These two kinds of fibers considerably promoted butyrate production of F. nucleatum up to 205.67% (p < 0.0001, 6% polydextrose at 24 h) and 153.46% (p = 0.0002, 6% fibersol-2 at 12 h), which explained why and how the fermentation broths of F. nucleatum cultured with fibers suppressing the growth of Caco-2 cells. Above findings indicated that dietary fiber determined F. nucleatum to be a carcinogenic or antitumor bacterium, and F. nucleatum played an important role in the association between the dietary composition, primarily the content of dietary fibers, and the risk of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadia Nawab
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism and School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Qelger Bao
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism and School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Lin-Hua Ji
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 145 Middle Shandong Road, Shanghai 200001, China
| | - Qian Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism and School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Xiang Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism and School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Shuxuan Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism and School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Zixin Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism and School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Wei Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism and School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
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Xie Z, Zhu R, Huang X, Yao F, Jin S, Huang Q, Wang D, Li H, Wang Q, Long H, Wu Q. Metabolomic analysis of gut metabolites in patients with colorectal cancer: Association with disease development and outcome. Oncol Lett 2023; 26:358. [PMID: 37545617 PMCID: PMC10398631 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2023.13944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the leading global malignancies with low 5-year survival and high mortality rates. Despite extensive research, the precise role of gut metabolites in CRC development and clinical outcomes remains unclear, while its elucidation may aid the development of improved clinical diagnosis and treatment options. In the present study, targeted metabolomic analysis was conducted on fecal samples from 35 patients with CRC, 37 patients with colorectal adenoma and 30 healthy controls (HC) to identify metabolite biomarkers. Using orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis, metabolomic features distinguishing the three groups were identified. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was used to assess diagnostic utility for distinguishing CRC from HC. The association of gut metabolites with survival in patients with CRC was also analyzed by comparing short-term survivors (STS) and long-term survivors (LTS), and the prognostic ability of metabolites was predicted using Cox regression and Kaplan-Meier analysis. The results of the current study showed that the enriched pathways in CRC included 'caffeine metabolism', 'thiamine metabolism', 'phenylalanine, tyrosine and tryptophan biosynthesis' and 'phenylalanine metabolism'. ROC analysis found that 9,10-dihydroxy-12-octadecenoic acid, cholesterol ester (18:2) and lipoxinA4 distinguished CRC from HC. Joint quantification of these three metabolites resulted in an area under the ROC curve of 0.969 in the diagnosis of CRC. The analysis of the current study also showed that the expression of metabolites involved in 'sphingolipid metabolism' was mainly dysregulated in LTS and STS, while N-acetylmannosamine and 2,5-dihydroxybenzaldehyde were associated with better overall survival. In conclusion, the present study provided preliminary insight into the metabolic changes associated with CRC and may have important implications for the development of future diagnostic and treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhufu Xie
- Institute of Infection, Immunology and Tumor Microenvironment, Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, School of Medicine, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430065, P.R. China
| | - Rui Zhu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Tianyou Hospital, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430064, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoying Huang
- Department of Public Health, The First Hospital of Wuhan, Wuhan, Hubei 430000, P.R. China
| | - Fei Yao
- College of Medical Science, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei 443002, P.R. China
| | - Shu Jin
- Department of Gastroenterology, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei 442000, P.R. China
| | - Qiyou Huang
- Institute of Infection, Immunology and Tumor Microenvironment, Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, School of Medicine, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430065, P.R. China
| | - Dequan Wang
- Institute of Infection, Immunology and Tumor Microenvironment, Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, School of Medicine, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430065, P.R. China
| | - Huan Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Tianyou Hospital, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430064, P.R. China
| | - Qiang Wang
- Institute of Infection, Immunology and Tumor Microenvironment, Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, School of Medicine, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430065, P.R. China
| | - Hui Long
- Department of Gastroenterology, Tianyou Hospital, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430064, P.R. China
| | - Qingming Wu
- Institute of Infection, Immunology and Tumor Microenvironment, Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, School of Medicine, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430065, P.R. China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Tianyou Hospital, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430064, P.R. China
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31
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Trauchburg A, Schwingshackl L, Hoffmann G. Association between Dietary Indices and Dietary Patterns and Mortality and Cancer Recurrence among Cancer Survivors: An Updated Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Cohort Studies. Nutrients 2023; 15:3151. [PMID: 37513568 PMCID: PMC10385219 DOI: 10.3390/nu15143151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The number of cancer survivors is growing rapidly; however, specific lifestyle recommendations for these patients are still sparse, including dietary approaches. Thus, the aim of the present systematic review and meta-analysis was to examine the associations between adherence to diet-quality indices and dietary patterns on overall mortality, cancer-specific mortality, and cancer recurrence among cancer survivors. The literature search was conducted in PubMed and Web of Science between 18 May 2016 and 22 May 2022 with no language restrictions. Thirty-nine studies were included for quantitative analysis, providing data from 77,412 participants. Adherence to both diet-quality indices and a healthy/prudent dietary pattern was inversely associated with overall mortality (RR, 0.81; 95% CI, 0.77-0.86; RR, 0.80; 95% CI, 0.70-0.92, respectively) and with cancer-specific mortality (RR, 0.86; 95% CI, 0.79-0.94; RR, 0.79; 95% CI, 0.64-0.97, respectively). These associations could be observed following assessment of dietary patterns either pre- and/or postdiagnosis. For unhealthy/western dietary patterns, high adherence was associated with overall mortality (RR, 1.26; 95% CI, 1.08-1.47). Although the certainty of evidence was rated as low, we conclude that there are no reservations against high adherence to healthy dietary patterns or indices in cancer survivors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Trauchburg
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Vienna, Josef-Holaubek-Platz 2, UZA II, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Lukas Schwingshackl
- Institute for Evidence in Medicine, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Breisacher Straße 153, 79110 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Georg Hoffmann
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Vienna, Josef-Holaubek-Platz 2, UZA II, 1090 Vienna, Austria
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Susan M, Macasoi I, Pinzaru I, Dehelean C, Ilia I, Susan R, Ionita I. In Vitro Assessment of the Synergistic Effect of Aspirin and 5-Fluorouracil in Colorectal Adenocarcinoma Cells. Curr Oncol 2023; 30:6197-6219. [PMID: 37504320 PMCID: PMC10377900 DOI: 10.3390/curroncol30070460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Although remarkable progress has been made, colorectal cancer remains a significant global health issue. One of the most challenging aspects of cancer treatment is the resistance of tumor cells to classical chemotherapy. Conventional therapy for colorectal cancer often involves the use of 5-fluorouracil as a chemotherapeutic agent. Aspirin, a drug used primarily to prevent cardiovascular complications, became a focus of attention due to its potential use as an antitumor agent. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the potential synergistic cytotoxic effects of aspirin and 5-fluorouracil on colorectal adenocarcinoma cells. The viability of cells, the impact on the morphology and nuclei of cells, the potential antimigratory effect, and the impact on the expression of the major genes associated with cell apoptosis (Bcl-2, Bax, Bad), as well as caspases 3 and 8, were evaluated. The results indicated that the two compounds exerted a synergistic effect, causing a reduction in cell viability accompanied by changes characteristic of the apoptosis process-the condensation of nuclei and the reorganization of actin filaments in cells, the reduction in the expression of the Bcl-2 gene, and the increase in the expression of Bax and Bad genes, along with caspases 3 and 8. Considering all these findings, it appears that aspirin may be investigated in depth in order to be used in conjunction with 5-fluorouracil to increase antitumor activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Susan
- Faculty of Medicine, "Victor Babeș" University of Medicine and Pharmacy from Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Ioana Macasoi
- Faculty of Pharmacy, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy from Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- Research Center for Pharmaco-Toxicological Evaluations, Faculty of Pharmacy, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy from Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Iulia Pinzaru
- Faculty of Pharmacy, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy from Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- Research Center for Pharmaco-Toxicological Evaluations, Faculty of Pharmacy, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy from Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Cristina Dehelean
- Faculty of Pharmacy, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy from Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- Research Center for Pharmaco-Toxicological Evaluations, Faculty of Pharmacy, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy from Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Iosif Ilia
- Faculty of Medicine, "Victor Babeș" University of Medicine and Pharmacy from Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Razvan Susan
- Faculty of Medicine, "Victor Babeș" University of Medicine and Pharmacy from Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Ioana Ionita
- Faculty of Medicine, "Victor Babeș" University of Medicine and Pharmacy from Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
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Ahmad F, Saha P, Singh V, Wahid M, Mandal RK, Nath Mishra B, Fagoonee S, Haque S. Diet as a modifiable factor in tumorigenesis: Focus on microbiome-derived bile acid metabolites and short-chain fatty acids. Food Chem 2023; 410:135320. [PMID: 36610090 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.135320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Several lines of evidences have implicated the resident microbiome as a key factor in the modulation of host physiology and pathophysiology; including the resistance to cancers. Gut microbiome heavily influences host lipid homeostasis by their modulatory effects on the metabolism of bile acids (BAs). Microbiota-derived BA metabolites such as deoxycholic acid (DCA), lithocholic acid (LCA), and ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) are implicated in the pathogeneses of various cancer types. The pathogenic mechanisms are multimodal in nature, with widespread influences on the host immunes system, cell survival and growth signalling and DNA damage. On the other hand, short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) produced by the resident microbial activity on indigestible dietary fibres as well as during intermittent fasting regimens (such as the Ramazan fasting) elicit upregulation of the beneficial anti-inflammatory and anticancer pathways in the host. The present review first provides a brief overview of the molecular mechanisms of microbiota-derived lipid metabolites in promotion of tumour development. The authors then discuss the potential of diet as a therapeutic route for beneficial alteration of microbiota and the consequent changes in the production of SCFAs, particularly butyrate, in relation to the cancer prevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faraz Ahmad
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bio-Sciences and Technology (SBST), Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore 632014, India.
| | - Priyanka Saha
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bio-Sciences and Technology (SBST), Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore 632014, India
| | - Vineeta Singh
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Engineering and Technology, Dr. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam Technical University, Lucknow 226021 (Uttar Pradesh), India
| | - Mohd Wahid
- Research and Scientific Studies Unit, College of Nursing and Allied Health Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia
| | - Raju K Mandal
- Research and Scientific Studies Unit, College of Nursing and Allied Health Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia
| | - Bhartendu Nath Mishra
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Engineering and Technology, Dr. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam Technical University, Lucknow 226021 (Uttar Pradesh), India
| | - Sharmila Fagoonee
- Institute of Biostructure and Bioimaging, National Research Council (CNR), Molecular Biotechnology Center, Turin, Italy
| | - Shafiul Haque
- Research and Scientific Studies Unit, College of Nursing and Allied Health Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia; Centre of Medical and Bio-Allied Health Sciences Research, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates.
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Malinowska D, Milewski R, Żendzian-Piotrowska M. Risk factors of colorectal cancer: the comparison of selected nutritional behaviors of medical and non-medical students. JOURNAL OF HEALTH, POPULATION, AND NUTRITION 2023; 42:50. [PMID: 37254180 DOI: 10.1186/s41043-023-00389-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of the study was to compare the diet of medical and non-medical students in relation to colorectal cancer risk factors. MATERIAL AND METHODS The study included 239 students of various universities in Bialystok, Poland. Respondents were divided into four groups: students of dietetics at the Medical University (SD), students of other fields of study at the Medical University (SMUB), students of the University of Technology (SBUT) and students of the University of Bialystok (SUB). The research tool was an anonymous questionnaire in an electronic form, designed by the authors of this paper. RESULTS Overweight was the least common among students of dietetics. Products that may increase the risk of developing colorectal cancer were most frequently consumed by students of non-medical universities. Everyday consumption of processed meat products was declared by 2.08% of SD, 24.00% of SMUB, 16.13% of SBUT and 25.93% of SUB. Red meat was consumed several times a week or every day by 25% of SD, 25.33% of SMUB, 48.39% of SBUT and 35.19% of SUB. Fast-food meals consumption once or several times a week was confirmed by 4.17% of SD, 18.67% of SMUB, 27.42% of SBUT and 38.89% of SUB. CONCLUSION The study conducted shows that students expose themselves to colorectal cancer risk factors through their diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominika Malinowska
- Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Ergonomics, Medical University of Bialystok, Białystok, Poland.
| | - Robert Milewski
- Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, Medical University of Bialystok, Białystok, Poland
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Xu C, Gu L, Hu L, Jiang C, Li Q, Sun L, Zhou H, Liu Y, Xue H, Li J, Zhang Z, Zhang X, Xu Q. FADS1-arachidonic acid axis enhances arachidonic acid metabolism by altering intestinal microecology in colorectal cancer. Nat Commun 2023; 14:2042. [PMID: 37041160 PMCID: PMC10090135 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-37590-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 04/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Colonocyte metabolism shapes the microbiome. Metabolites are the main mediators of information exchange between intestine and microbial communities. Arachidonic acid (AA) is an essential polyunsaturated fatty acid and its role in colorectal cancer (CRC) remains unexplored. In this study, we show that AA feeding promotes tumor growth in AOM/DSS and intestinal specific Apc-/- mice via modulating the intestinal microecology of increased gram-negative bacteria. Delta-5 desaturase (FADS1), a rate-limiting enzyme, is upregulated in CRC and effectively mediates AA synthesis. Functionally, FADS1 regulates CRC tumor growth via high AA microenvironment-induced enriched gram-negative microbes. Elimination of gram-negative microbe abolishes FADS1 effect. Mechanistically, gram-negative microbes activate TLR4/MYD88 pathway in CRC cells that contributes FADS1-AA axis to metabolize to prostaglandin E2 (PGE2). Cumulatively, we report a potential cancer-promoting mechanism of FADS1-AA axis in CRC that converts raising synthesized AA to PGE2 via modulating the intestinal microecology of gram-negative.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunjie Xu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lei Gu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lipeng Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chunhui Jiang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Longci Sun
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hong Zhou
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ye Liu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hanbing Xue
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology; Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ministry of Health; Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Jun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Zhigang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Xueli Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Qing Xu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
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Ma Y, Huangfu Y, Deng L, Wang P, Shen L, Zhou Y. High serum riboflavin is associated with the risk of sporadic colorectal cancer. Cancer Epidemiol 2023; 83:102342. [PMID: 36863217 DOI: 10.1016/j.canep.2023.102342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Experimental results indicate that riboflavin is involved in tumorigenesis. Data regarding the relationship between riboflavin and colorectal cancer (CRC) are limited, and findings vary between observational studies. DESIGN This was a case-control retrospective study. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to evaluate the associations between serum riboflavin level and sporadic CRC risk. METHODS In total, 389 participants were enrolled in this study - including 83 CRC patients without family history and 306 healthy controls - between January 2020 and March 2021 at the Department of Colorectal Surgery and Endoscope Center at Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine. Age, sex, body mass index, history of polyps, disease conditions (e.g., diabetes), medications, and eight other vitamins were used as confounding factors. Adjusted smoothing spline plots, subgroup analysis, and multivariate logistic regression analysis were conducted to estimate the relative risk between serum riboflavin levels and sporadic CRC risk. After fully adjusting for the confounding factors, an increased risk of colorectal cancer was suggested for individuals with higher levels of serum riboflavin (OR = 1.08 (1.01, 1.15), p = 0.03) in a dose-response relationship. CONCLUSIONS Our results support the hypothesis that higher levels of riboflavin may play a role in facilitating colorectal carcinogenesis. The finding of high levels of circulating riboflavin in patients with CRC warrants further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhui Ma
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China; Faculty of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Health Science and Technology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China; Institute of Artificial Intelligence Medicine, Shanghai Academy of Experimental Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Yuchan Huangfu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Lin Deng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Ping Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Lisong Shen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China; Faculty of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Health Science and Technology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China; Institute of Artificial Intelligence Medicine, Shanghai Academy of Experimental Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China.
| | - Yunlan Zhou
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China.
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Ahmad R, Akter F, Haque M. Editorial: Diet and nutrition for non-communicable diseases in low and middle-income countries. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1179640. [PMID: 37057068 PMCID: PMC10088507 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1179640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Rahnuma Ahmad
- Department of Physiology, Medical College for Women and Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Farhana Akter
- Department of Endocrinology, Chittagong Medical College Hospital, Chattogram, Bangladesh
| | - Mainul Haque
- Unit of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine and Defence Health, Universiti Pertahanan Nasional Malaysia (National Defence University of Malaysia), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- *Correspondence: Mainul Haque ;
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Song D, Wang X, Ma Y, Liu NN, Wang H. Beneficial insights into postbiotics against colorectal cancer. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1111872. [PMID: 36969804 PMCID: PMC10036377 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1111872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most prevalent and life-threatening cancer types with limited therapeutic options worldwide. Gut microbiota has been recognized as the pivotal determinant in maintaining gastrointestinal (GI) tract homeostasis, while dysbiosis of gut microbiota contributes to CRC development. Recently, the beneficial role of postbiotics, a new concept in describing microorganism derived substances, in CRC has been uncovered by various studies. However, a comprehensive characterization of the molecular identity, mechanism of action, or routes of administration of postbiotics, particularly their role in CRC, is still lacking. In this review, we outline the current state of research toward the beneficial effects of gut microbiota derived postbiotics against CRC, which will represent the key elements of future precision-medicine approaches in the development of novel therapeutic strategies targeting gut microbiota to improve treatment outcomes in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Ning-Ning Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Center for Single-Cell Omics, School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Center for Single-Cell Omics, School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Jardim SR, de Souza LMP, de Souza HSP. The Rise of Gastrointestinal Cancers as a Global Phenomenon: Unhealthy Behavior or Progress? INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:3640. [PMID: 36834334 PMCID: PMC9962127 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20043640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The overall burden of cancer is rapidly increasing worldwide, reflecting not only population growth and aging, but also the prevalence and spread of risk factors. Gastrointestinal (GI) cancers, including stomach, liver, esophageal, pancreatic, and colorectal cancers, represent more than a quarter of all cancers. While smoking and alcohol use are the risk factors most commonly associated with cancer development, a growing consensus also includes dietary habits as relevant risk factors for GI cancers. Current evidence suggests that socioeconomic development results in several lifestyle modifications, including shifts in dietary habits from local traditional diets to less-healthy Western diets. Moreover, recent data indicate that increased production and consumption of processed foods underlies the current pandemics of obesity and related metabolic disorders, which are directly or indirectly associated with the emergence of various chronic noncommunicable conditions and GI cancers. However, environmental changes are not restricted to dietary patterns, and unhealthy behavioral features should be analyzed with a holistic view of lifestyle. In this review, we discussed the epidemiological aspects, gut dysbiosis, and cellular and molecular characteristics of GI cancers and explored the impact of unhealthy behaviors, diet, and physical activity on developing GI cancers in the context of progressive societal changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Rodrigues Jardim
- Division of Worker’s Health, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 22290-140, RJ, Brazil
| | - Lucila Marieta Perrotta de Souza
- Departamento de Clínica Médica, Hospital Universitário, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rua Prof. Rodolpho Paulo Rocco 255, Ilha do Fundão, Rio de Janeiro 21941-913, RJ, Brazil
| | - Heitor Siffert Pereira de Souza
- Departamento de Clínica Médica, Hospital Universitário, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rua Prof. Rodolpho Paulo Rocco 255, Ilha do Fundão, Rio de Janeiro 21941-913, RJ, Brazil
- D’Or Institute for Research and Education (IDOR), Rua Diniz Cordeiro 30, Botafogo, Rio de Janeiro 22281-100, RJ, Brazil
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Zheng Y, Yang W, Jia Y, Ji J, Wu L, Feng J, Li Y, Cheng Z, Zhang J, Li J, Dai W, Xu X, Wu J, Zhou Y, Guo C. Promotion of colorectal cancer cell death by ezetimibe via mTOR signaling-dependent mitochondrial dysfunction. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1081980. [PMID: 36843944 PMCID: PMC9946110 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1081980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the fourth most common cancer worldwide, with high morbidity and mortality rates. In recent years, high-fat diet has been shown to increase CRC morbidity, highlighting the possibility of the application of hypolipidemic drugs for CRC treatment. In this study, we preliminarily evaluated the effects and mechnisms of ezetimibe against CRC through the blockage of lipid absorption in small intesine. Methods: In this study, CRC cell proliferation, invasion, apoptosis, and autophagy were evaluated using cellular and molecular assays. Fluorescent microscopy, and a flow cytometric assay were used to assess mitochondrial activity in vitro. A subcutaneous xenograft mouse model was used to evaluate the effects of ezetimibe in vivo. Results: We found that ezetimibe inhibited CRC cell proliferation, and migration, and facilitated autophage-associated apoptosis in HCT116 and Caco2 cells. Ezetimibe-induced mitochondrial dysfunction in CRC cells was found to be correlated with mTOR signaling activity. Discussion: Ezetimibe exhibits effects against CRC through the promotion of cancer cell death via mTOR signaling-dependent mitochondrial dysfunction, highlighting its potential value in CRC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Zheng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenjuan Yang
- Department of Emergency, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yewei Jia
- Department of Internal Medicine 3, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Jie Ji
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Liwei Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiao Feng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ziqi Cheng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingjing Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shidong Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Weiqi Dai
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shidong Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuanfu Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shidong Hospital, Shanghai, China,*Correspondence: Chuanyong Guo, ; Yingqun Zhou, ; Xuanfu Xu,
| | - Jianye Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Putuo People’s Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yingqun Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China,*Correspondence: Chuanyong Guo, ; Yingqun Zhou, ; Xuanfu Xu,
| | - Chuanyong Guo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China,*Correspondence: Chuanyong Guo, ; Yingqun Zhou, ; Xuanfu Xu,
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Patterns of Somatic Variants in Colorectal Adenoma and Carcinoma Tissue and Matched Plasma Samples from the Hungarian Oncogenome Program. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15030907. [PMID: 36765865 PMCID: PMC9913259 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15030907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Analysis of circulating cell-free DNA (cfDNA) of colorectal adenoma (AD) and cancer (CRC) patients provides a minimally invasive approach that is able to explore genetic alterations. It is unknown whether there are specific genetic variants that could explain the high prevalence of CRC in Hungary. Whole-exome sequencing (WES) was performed on colon tissues (27 AD, 51 CRC) and matched cfDNAs (17 AD, 33 CRC); furthermore, targeted panel sequencing was performed on a subset of cfDNA samples. The most frequently mutated genes were APC, KRAS, and FBN3 in AD, while APC, TP53, TTN, and KRAS were the most frequently mutated in CRC tissue. Variants in KRAS codons 12 (AD: 8/27, CRC: 11/51 (0.216)) and 13 (CRC: 3/51 (0.06)) were the most frequent in our sample set, with G12V (5/27) dominance in ADs and G12D (5/51 (0.098)) in CRCs. In terms of the cfDNA WES results, tumor somatic variants were found in 6/33 of CRC cases. Panel sequencing revealed somatic variants in 8 out of the 12 enrolled patients, identifying 12/20 tumor somatic variants falling on its targeted regions, while WES recovered only 20% in the respective regions in cfDNA of the same patients. In liquid biopsy analyses, WES is less efficient compared to the targeted panel sequencing with a higher coverage depth that can hold a relevant clinical potential to be applied in everyday practice in the future.
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Ma Y, Deng L, Huangfu Y, Zhou Y, Wang P, Shen L. Adequate vitamin D level associated with reduced risk of sporadic colorectal cancer. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1024849. [PMID: 36776613 PMCID: PMC9908961 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1024849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose The effect of vitamin D level pertinent to colorectal cancer incidence, progression, or mortality risk is complicated, and study findings are mixed. Therefore, we evaluated whether serum vitamin D [25-hydroxyvitamin D, 25(OH)D] is associated with the incidence of sporadic colorectal cancer (CRC). Methods This study is a retrospective analysis of the relationship between serum 25(OH)D level and the risk of CRC. Age, sex, body mass index, history of polyp, disease conditions (i.e., diabetes), medications, and other eight vitamins were used as confounding factors. A total of 389 participants were enrolled in this study, including comprising 83 CRC patients without a family history and 306 healthy controls, between January 2020 and March 2021 at the Department of Colorectal Surgery and Endoscope Center at the Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine. Adjusted smoothing spline plots, subgroup analysis, and multivariate logistic regression analysis were conducted to estimate the relative risk between serum 25(OH)D and sporadic CRC risk. Results After fully adjusting the confounding factors, it was found that circulating 25(OH)D played a protective role in patients with CRC (OR = 0.76 [0.63, 0.92], p = 0.004) and that an adequate vitamin D level was significantly associated with a reduced CRC risk compared to vitamin D deficiency or sufficiency (OR = 0.31 [0.11, 0.9], p = 0.03). According to this study, statins did not affect the potential protective effects of vitamin D (OR = 1.02 [0.97, 1.08], p = 0.44) and may account for the inverse association between serum 25(OH)D and colorectal cancer. Conclusion An adequate level of serum 25(OH)D was associated with a reduced CRC risk, especially for the elderly. The finding on the absence of protective effect of vitamin D in the statin use subgroup, suggests it may be one of the substantial contributing confounders, and warrants further investigation.
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Hong Y, Chen B, Zhai X, Qian Q, Gui R, Jiang C. Integrated analysis of the gut microbiome and metabolome in a mouse model of inflammation-induced colorectal tumors. Front Microbiol 2023; 13:1082835. [PMID: 36713186 PMCID: PMC9880073 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1082835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a common malignancy worldwide, and the gut microbiota and metabolites play an important role in its initiation and progression. In this study, we constructed a mouse model of inflammation-induced colorectal tumors, with fixed doses of azoxymethane/dextran sulfate sodium (AOM/DSS). We found that colorectal tumors only formed in some mice treated with certain concentrations of AOM/DSS (tumor group), whereas other mice did not develop tumors (non-tumor group). 16S rDNA amplicon sequencing and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS)/MS analyses were performed to investigate the microbes and metabolites in the fecal samples. As a result, 1189 operational taxonomic units (OTUs) were obtained from the fecal samples, and the non-tumor group had a relatively higher OTU richness and diversity. Moreover, 53 different microbes were identified at the phylum and genus levels, including Proteobacteria, Cyanobacteria, and Prevotella. Furthermore, four bacterial taxa were obviously enriched in the non-tumor group, according to linear discriminant analysis scores (log10) > 4. The untargeted metabolomics analysis revealed significant differences between the fecal samples and metabolic phenotypes. Further, the heatmaps and volcano plots revealed 53 and 19 dysregulated metabolites between the groups, in positive and negative ion modes, respectively. Styrene degradation and amino sugar-nucleotide sugar metabolism pathways were significantly different in positive and negative ion modes, respectively. Moreover, a correlation analysis between the metabolome and microbiome was further conducted, which revealed the key microbiota and metabolites. In conclusion, we successfully established a tumor model using a certain dose of AOM/DSS and identified the differential intestinal microbiota and characteristic metabolites that might modulate tumorigenesis, thereby providing new concepts for the prevention and treatment of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuntian Hong
- Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China,Clinical Center of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases of Hubei Province, Wuhan, China,Key Laboratory of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases of Hubei Province, Wuhan, China
| | - Baoxiang Chen
- Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China,Clinical Center of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases of Hubei Province, Wuhan, China,Key Laboratory of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases of Hubei Province, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiang Zhai
- Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China,Clinical Center of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases of Hubei Province, Wuhan, China,Key Laboratory of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases of Hubei Province, Wuhan, China
| | - Qun Qian
- Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China,Clinical Center of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases of Hubei Province, Wuhan, China,Key Laboratory of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases of Hubei Province, Wuhan, China
| | - Rui Gui
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China,Rui Gui,
| | - Congqing Jiang
- Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China,Clinical Center of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases of Hubei Province, Wuhan, China,Key Laboratory of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases of Hubei Province, Wuhan, China,*Correspondence: Congqing Jiang,
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Yan Y, Yang Y, Ning C, Wu N, Yan S, Sun L. Role of Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome Type, Gut Microbiome, and Host Immunity in Predicting Early and Advanced Stage Colorectal Cancer. Integr Cancer Ther 2023; 22:15347354221144051. [PMID: 36604798 PMCID: PMC9830091 DOI: 10.1177/15347354221144051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the role of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) syndrome type, gut microbiome distribution, and host immunity function in predicting the early and advanced clinical stages of colorectal cancer (CRC). METHODS A cross-sectional case-control study was performed which included 48 early stage and 48 advanced patients with CRC enrolled from March 2018 to December 2020. 16S rRNA gene sequencing was performed to analyze the gut microbiomes of the patients, while T and B lymphocyte subsets in peripheral blood were assessed using flow cytometry. TCM syndrome type was measured using the spleen deficiency syndrome (SDS) scale. RESULTS The abundance levels of Prevotella, Escherichia-Shigella, and Faecalibacterium in the gut microbiota were significantly increased in the advanced group, while Bacteroides was significantly decreased. Phascolarctobacterium was detectable only in the early metaphase group, whereas Alistipes was detectable only in the advanced group. The lymphocyte (P = .006), T helper cell (TH) (P = .002), cytotoxic T cell (TC) (P = .003), double positive T cell (DPT) (P = .02), and total T counts (P = .001) were significantly higher in the early metaphase group than in the advanced metaphase group. Compared with patients with early stage CRC, the advanced group had a higher SDS score. After adjusting for clinical stage, Spearman's correlation analysis showed interactions among gut microbiome abundance, T cell level, and SDS score. Multivariate logistic analysis showed that after controlling for the SDS score, abundance of Alistipes and Faecalibacterium, and double negative T cell (DNT) level, DPT was significantly associated with a lower risk of advanced-stage disease (hazard ratio, 0.918; P = .022). CONCLUSION Our study suggested associations between clinical stage, SDS, gut microbiota, and T lymphocytes, which provided insights for a potential prediction model for the disease progression of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunzi Yan
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine,
Beijing, China
- China Academy of Chinese Medical
Science, Beijing, China
| | - Yufei Yang
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine,
Beijing, China
| | - Chunhui Ning
- China Academy of Chinese Medical
Science, Beijing, China
| | - Na Wu
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine,
Beijing, China
| | - Shaohua Yan
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine,
Beijing, China
| | - Lingyun Sun
- China Academy of Chinese Medical
Science, Beijing, China
- Lingyun Sun, China Academy of Chinese
Medical Sciences Xiyuan Hospital, Xiyuan Caochang Road, Haidian District,
Beijing, 100091, China.
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Lumsden AL, Mulugeta A, Hyppönen E. Milk consumption and risk of twelve cancers: A large-scale observational and Mendelian randomisation study. Clin Nutr 2023; 42:1-8. [PMID: 36473423 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2022.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2022] [Revised: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Milk consumption is a modifiable lifestyle factor that has been associated with several cancer types in observational studies. Limited evidence exists regarding the causality of these relationships. Using a genetic variant (rs4988235) near the lactase gene (LCT) locus that proxies milk consumption, we conducted a comprehensive survey to assess potential causal relationships between milk consumption and 12 types of cancer. METHODS Our analyses were conducted using white British participants of the UK Biobank (n = up to 255,196), the FinnGen cohort (up to 260,405), and available cancer consortia. We included cancers with previous evidence of an association with milk consumption in observational studies, as well as cancers common in both UK Biobank and FinnGen populations (>1000 cases). We evaluated phenotypic associations of milk intake and cancer incidence in the UK Biobank, and then used a Mendelian randomisation (MR) approach to assess causality in the UK Biobank, FinnGen consortium, and combined analyses incorporating additional consortia data for five cancers. In MR meta-analyses, case numbers for cancers of breast, ovary, uterus, cervix, prostate, bladder and urinary tract, colorectum, and lung ranged between 6000 and 148,000 cases, and between 780 and 1342 cases for cancers of the liver, mouth, stomach and diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. RESULTS In observational analyses, milk consumption was associated with higher risk of bladder and urinary tract cancer (OR 1.23, 95% CI 1.03-1.47), but not with any other cancer. This association was not confirmed in the MR analysis, and genetically predicted milk consumption showed a significant association only with lower risk of colorectal cancer (0.89, 0.81-0.98 per additional 50 g/day). In the MR analyses conducted among individual cohorts, genetically predicted milk consumption provided evidence for an association with lower colorectal cancer in the FinnGen cohort (0.85, 0.74-0.97), and in the UK Biobank greater risk of female breast cancer (1.12, 1.03-1.23), and uterine cancer in pre-menopausal females (3.98, 1.48-10.7). CONCLUSION In a comprehensive survey of milk-cancer associations, we confirm of a protective role of milk consumption for colorectal cancer. Our analyses also provide some suggestion for higher risks of breast cancer and premenopausal uterine cancer, warranting further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda L Lumsden
- Australian Centre for Precision Health, Unit of Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia; South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia.
| | - Anwar Mulugeta
- Australian Centre for Precision Health, Unit of Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia; South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia; Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
| | - Elina Hyppönen
- Australian Centre for Precision Health, Unit of Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia; South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia.
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The Relationship among Bowel [18]F-FDG PET Uptake, Pathological Complete Response, and Eating Habits in Breast Cancer Patients Undergoing Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15010211. [PMID: 36615868 PMCID: PMC9824388 DOI: 10.3390/nu15010211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Recently, the impact of patients’ eating habits on both breast cancer (BC) management and inflammation have been proven. Here, we investigated whether inflammatory habits could correlate with baseline bowel [18]F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) uptake and the latter, in turn, with pathological Complete Response (pCR) to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC). We included stage I−III BC undergoing standard NAC at IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Italy. Patients fulfilled a survey concerning eating/lifestyle behaviors and performed a staging [18]F-FDG positrone emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT). In the absence of data on the effects of individual foods, we aggregated drink and food intake for their known inflammatory properties. Data were recorded for 82 women (median age, 48). We found positive correlations between colon mean standardized uptake value (SUVmean) and pro-inflammatory drinks (alcohol and spirits; r = +0.33, p < 0.01) and foods (red and cured meats; r = +0.25, p = 0.04), and a significant negative correlation between rectum SUVmean and anti-inflammatory foods (fruits and vegetables; r = −0.23, p = 0.04). Furthermore, colon SUVmean was significantly lower in patients with pCR compared to non pCR (p = 0.02). Our study showed, for the first time, that patients’ eating habits affected bowel [18]F-FDG uptake and that colon SUVmean correlated with pCR, suggesting that PET scan could be an instrument for identifying patients presenting unhealthy behaviors.
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Oliero M, Hajjar R, Cuisiniere T, Fragoso G, Calvé A, Dagbert F, Loungnarath R, Sebajang H, Schwenter F, Wassef R, Ratelle R, De Broux É, Richard CS, Santos MM. Prevalence of pks + bacteria and enterotoxigenic Bacteroides fragilis in patients with colorectal cancer. Gut Pathog 2022; 14:51. [PMID: 36578036 PMCID: PMC9798702 DOI: 10.1186/s13099-022-00523-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most diagnosed cancer and the second most common cause of cancer deaths worldwide. CRC patients present with an increase in pathogens in their gut microbiota, such as polyketide synthase-positive bacteria (pks +) and enterotoxigenic Bacteroides fragilis (ETBF). The pks + Escherichia coli promotes carcinogenesis and facilitates CRC progression through the production of colibactin, a genotoxin that induces double-strand DNA breaks (DSBs). ETBF is a procarcinogenic bacterium producing the B. fragilis toxin (bft) that promotes colorectal carcinogenesis by modulating the mucosal immune response and inducing epithelial cell changes. METHODS Fecal samples were collected from healthy controls (N = 62) and CRC patients (N = 94) from the province of Québec (Canada), and a bacterial DNA extraction was performed. Fecal DNA samples were then examined for the presence of the pks island gene and bft using conventional qualitative PCR. RESULTS We found that a high proportion of healthy controls are colonized by pks + bacteria (42%) and that these levels were similar in CRC patients (46%). bft was detected in 21% of healthy controls and 32% of CRC patients, while double colonization by both pks + bacteria and ETBF occurred in 8% of the healthy controls and 13% of the CRC patients. Most importantly, we found that early-onset CRC (< 50 years) patients were significantly less colonized with pks + bacteria (20%) compared to late-onset CRC patients (52%). CONCLUSIONS Healthy controls had similar levels of pks + bacteria and ETBF colonization as CRC patients, and their elevated levels may place both groups at greater risk of developing CRC. Colonization with pks + bacteria was less prevalent in early-compared to late-onset CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manon Oliero
- grid.410559.c0000 0001 0743 2111Nutrition and Microbiome Laboratory, Institut du cancer de Montréal, Centre de recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), 900 Rue Saint Denis, Montréal, QC H2X 0A9 Canada
| | - Roy Hajjar
- grid.410559.c0000 0001 0743 2111Nutrition and Microbiome Laboratory, Institut du cancer de Montréal, Centre de recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), 900 Rue Saint Denis, Montréal, QC H2X 0A9 Canada ,grid.14848.310000 0001 2292 3357Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, 2900 Boulevard Édouard-Montpetit, Montréal, QC H3T 1J4 Canada ,grid.410559.c0000 0001 0743 2111Digestive Surgery Service, Department of Surgery, Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CHUM), 1000 Rue Saint-Denis, Montréal, Québec H2X 0C1 Canada
| | - Thibault Cuisiniere
- grid.410559.c0000 0001 0743 2111Nutrition and Microbiome Laboratory, Institut du cancer de Montréal, Centre de recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), 900 Rue Saint Denis, Montréal, QC H2X 0A9 Canada
| | - Gabriela Fragoso
- grid.410559.c0000 0001 0743 2111Nutrition and Microbiome Laboratory, Institut du cancer de Montréal, Centre de recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), 900 Rue Saint Denis, Montréal, QC H2X 0A9 Canada
| | - Annie Calvé
- grid.410559.c0000 0001 0743 2111Nutrition and Microbiome Laboratory, Institut du cancer de Montréal, Centre de recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), 900 Rue Saint Denis, Montréal, QC H2X 0A9 Canada
| | - François Dagbert
- grid.410559.c0000 0001 0743 2111Digestive Surgery Service, Department of Surgery, Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CHUM), 1000 Rue Saint-Denis, Montréal, Québec H2X 0C1 Canada
| | - Rasmy Loungnarath
- grid.410559.c0000 0001 0743 2111Digestive Surgery Service, Department of Surgery, Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CHUM), 1000 Rue Saint-Denis, Montréal, Québec H2X 0C1 Canada
| | - Herawaty Sebajang
- grid.410559.c0000 0001 0743 2111Digestive Surgery Service, Department of Surgery, Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CHUM), 1000 Rue Saint-Denis, Montréal, Québec H2X 0C1 Canada
| | - Frank Schwenter
- grid.410559.c0000 0001 0743 2111Digestive Surgery Service, Department of Surgery, Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CHUM), 1000 Rue Saint-Denis, Montréal, Québec H2X 0C1 Canada
| | - Ramses Wassef
- grid.410559.c0000 0001 0743 2111Digestive Surgery Service, Department of Surgery, Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CHUM), 1000 Rue Saint-Denis, Montréal, Québec H2X 0C1 Canada
| | - Richard Ratelle
- grid.410559.c0000 0001 0743 2111Digestive Surgery Service, Department of Surgery, Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CHUM), 1000 Rue Saint-Denis, Montréal, Québec H2X 0C1 Canada
| | - Éric De Broux
- grid.410559.c0000 0001 0743 2111Digestive Surgery Service, Department of Surgery, Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CHUM), 1000 Rue Saint-Denis, Montréal, Québec H2X 0C1 Canada
| | - Carole S. Richard
- grid.14848.310000 0001 2292 3357Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, 2900 Boulevard Édouard-Montpetit, Montréal, QC H3T 1J4 Canada ,grid.410559.c0000 0001 0743 2111Digestive Surgery Service, Department of Surgery, Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CHUM), 1000 Rue Saint-Denis, Montréal, Québec H2X 0C1 Canada
| | - Manuela M. Santos
- grid.410559.c0000 0001 0743 2111Nutrition and Microbiome Laboratory, Institut du cancer de Montréal, Centre de recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), 900 Rue Saint Denis, Montréal, QC H2X 0A9 Canada ,grid.14848.310000 0001 2292 3357Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, 2900 Boulevard Édouard-Montpetit, Montréal, QC H3T 1J4 Canada
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Promotion of Deoxycholic Acid Effect on Colonic Cancer Cell Lines In Vitro by Altering the Mucosal Microbiota. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10122486. [PMID: 36557741 PMCID: PMC9788287 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10122486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most prevalent neoplasm and the second leading cause of cancer death worldwide. Microbiota and their products, such as bile acids (BAs), are important causal factors for the occurrence and development of CRC. Therefore, we performed 16S ribosomal RNA (16S rRNA) and liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (LC-MS) to measure mucosal microbiota and BA composition in paired cancerous and noncancerous gut tissue samples from 33 patients with CRC at a hospital in Beijing. In cancerous tissues, we detected altered mucosal microbiota with increased levels of the genera Bacteroides, Curtobacterium, and Campylobacter and an increase in deoxycholic acid (DCA), which was the only BA elevated in cancerous tissues. Ex vivo coculture showed that the mucosal microbiota in cancerous tissues indeed had a stronger DCA production ability, indicating that DCA-producing bacteria are enriched in tumors. Results from the CCK8 and Transwell assays indicated that DCA enhances the overgrowth, migration, and invasion of CRC cell lines, and, through qPCR and Western blot analyses, downregulation of FXR was observed in CRC cell lines after DCA culture. We then verified the downregulation of FXR expression in cancerous tissues using our data and the TCGA database, and we found that FXR downregulation plays an important role in the development of CRC. In conclusion, differing mucosal microbiota, increased amounts of mucosal DCA, and lower FXR expression were demonstrated in cancerous tissues compared to normal tissue samples. The results of this study can be applied to the development of potential therapeutic targets for CRC prevention, such as altering mucosal microbiota, DCA, or FXR.
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Zhang Z, Chen Y, Zhuo Q, Deng C, Yang Y, Luo W, Lai S, Rao H. ALDH2 gene rs671 G > a polymorphism and the risk of colorectal cancer: A hospital-based study. J Clin Lab Anal 2022; 36:e24789. [PMID: 36426922 PMCID: PMC9757017 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.24789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/13/2022] [Indexed: 10/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The susceptibility to some cancers is linked to genetic factors, such as aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2) polymorphisms. The relationship between ALDH2 rs671 and colorectal cancer (CRC) is not clear in Hakka population. METHODS Between October 2015 and December 2020, a total of 178 CRC patients and 261 controls were recruited. ALDH2 rs671 was genotyped in these subjects, medical records (smoking history, drinking history and blood cell parameters) were collected, and the relationship between these information and CRC was analyzed. RESULTS The proportion of the ALDH2 rs671 G/G, G/A, and A/A genotype was 48.3%, 44.4%, and 7.3% in patients; 62.1%, 34.1%, and 3.8% in controls, respectively. The difference of ALDH2 genotypes distribution between cases and controls was statistically significant (p = 0.011). The higher percentage of smokers and alcoholics, higher level of neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet count, and platelet to lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and lower level of lymphocyte count, lymphocyte to monocyte ratio (LMR), and mean hemoglobin concentration were observed in patients. Logistic regression analysis indicated that ALDH2 rs671 G/A genotype (G/A vs. G/G) (adjusted OR 1.801, 95% CI 1.160-2.794, p = 0.009) and A/A genotype (A/A vs. G/G) (adjusted OR 2.630, 95% CI 1.041-6.645, p = 0.041) in the co-dominant model, while G/A + A/A genotypes (G/A + A/A vs. G/G) (adjusted OR 1.883, 95% CI 1.230-2.881, p = 0.004) in the dominant model were risk factors for CRC. CONCLUSIONS Individuals carrying ALDH2 rs671 A allele (G/A, A/A genotypes) may be at increased risk of colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuoxin Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Meizhou People's HospitalMeizhou Academy of Medical SciencesMeizhouChina
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine and Clinical Translational Research of Hakka PopulationMeizhou People's Hospital, Meizhou Academy of Medical SciencesMeizhouChina
| | - Yijin Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine and Clinical Translational Research of Hakka PopulationMeizhou People's Hospital, Meizhou Academy of Medical SciencesMeizhouChina
- Department of GastroenterologyMeizhou People's Hospital, Meizhou Academy of Medical SciencesMeizhouChina
| | - Qingqing Zhuo
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine and Clinical Translational Research of Hakka PopulationMeizhou People's Hospital, Meizhou Academy of Medical SciencesMeizhouChina
- Department of GastroenterologyMeizhou People's Hospital, Meizhou Academy of Medical SciencesMeizhouChina
| | - Changqing Deng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine and Clinical Translational Research of Hakka PopulationMeizhou People's Hospital, Meizhou Academy of Medical SciencesMeizhouChina
- Department of GastroenterologyMeizhou People's Hospital, Meizhou Academy of Medical SciencesMeizhouChina
| | - Yang Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine and Clinical Translational Research of Hakka PopulationMeizhou People's Hospital, Meizhou Academy of Medical SciencesMeizhouChina
- Department of GastroenterologyMeizhou People's Hospital, Meizhou Academy of Medical SciencesMeizhouChina
| | - Wen Luo
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine and Clinical Translational Research of Hakka PopulationMeizhou People's Hospital, Meizhou Academy of Medical SciencesMeizhouChina
- Department of GastroenterologyMeizhou People's Hospital, Meizhou Academy of Medical SciencesMeizhouChina
| | - Shixun Lai
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine and Clinical Translational Research of Hakka PopulationMeizhou People's Hospital, Meizhou Academy of Medical SciencesMeizhouChina
- Department of GastroenterologyMeizhou People's Hospital, Meizhou Academy of Medical SciencesMeizhouChina
| | - Hui Rao
- Department of GastroenterologyMeizhou People's Hospital, Meizhou Academy of Medical SciencesMeizhouChina
- Department of Laboratory MedicineMeizhou People's Hospital, Meizhou Academy of Medical SciencesMeizhouChina
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Tsounis D, Villiotou V, Melpidou A, Pantsiou C, Argyrou A, Giannopoulou C, Grigoratou A, Rontogianni D, Mantzaris GJ, Papatheodoridis G. Oxidative imbalance increases the risk for colonic polyp and colorectal cancer development. World J Gastrointest Oncol 2022; 14:2208-2223. [PMID: 36438709 PMCID: PMC9694266 DOI: 10.4251/wjgo.v14.i11.2208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Revised: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The role of oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of colorectal carcinoma (CRC) has garnered considerable interest recently. Specific oxidative factors have been implicated in the pathogenesis of adenomatous polyps and ultimately adenocarcinoma.
AIM To evaluate the effect of oxidative imbalance as quantified by specific serological markers in the development of sporadic colon adenocarcinoma.
METHODS A total of 170 patients that underwent endoscopy of the lower gastrointestinal tract in a tertiary center within 3 years were included in the study. They were allocated in three groups; those with sporadic colon adenocarcinoma (n = 56, 32.9%), those with colonic polyps (n = 33, 19.4%) and healthy controls (n = 81, 47.7%). All patients were evaluated for oxidant activity and antioxidant capacity with serum measurements of specific markers such as vitamins A, 25(OH) D3, E, C, B12, folic acid, glutathione, selenium (Se), zinc (Zn), free iron (Fe2+), and malondialdehyde and results were compared between groups.
RESULTS Serum levels of vitamins C, E, D, Se, Zn, vitamin B12 and total antioxidant capacity were significantly lower in the combined neoplasia/polyp group than in the control group (P = 0.002, P = 0.009, P < 0.001, P < 0.001, P < 0.001, P = 0.020 and P < 0.001, correspondingly). Increased levels of vitamin E (P = 0.004), vitamin D (P < 0.001), Se (P < 0.001) and Zn (P < 0.001) seem to bestow a protective effect on the development of CRC. For vitamin D (P < 0.001) and Zn (P = 0.036), this effect seems to extend to the development of colon polyps as well. On the other hand, elevated serum levels of malondialdehyde are associated with a higher risk of CRC (OR = 2.09 compared to controls, P = 0.004). Regarding colonic polyp development, increased concentrations of vitamin Α and Fe2+ are associated with a higher risk, whereas lower levels of malondialdehyde with a lower risk.
CONCLUSION Increased oxidative stress may play an important role in the pathogenesis and progression of CRC. Antioxidants’ presence may exert a protective effect in the very early stages of colon carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitrios Tsounis
- Department of Gastroenterology, 251 General Hospital of Hellenic Air Force, Athens 11525, Greece
| | - Vassiliki Villiotou
- Department of Biochemistry, Metaxa Anticancer Hospital, Piraeus 18537, Greece
| | - Angeliki Melpidou
- Department of Biochemistry, Evangelismos Hospital, Athens 10676, Greece
| | - Chara Pantsiou
- Department of Biochemistry, Evangelismos Hospital, Athens 10676, Greece
| | - Alexandra Argyrou
- Department of Gastroenterology, 251 General Hospital of Hellenic Air Force, Athens 11525, Greece
| | - Charis Giannopoulou
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography, Evangelismos Hospital, Athens 10676, Greece
| | | | | | - Gerassimos J Mantzaris
- Department of Gastroenterology, Evangelismos, Ophthalmiatreion Athinon and Polyclinic Hospitals, Athens 10676, Greece
| | - George Papatheodoridis
- Academic Department of Gastroenterology, Athens University Medical School, Laikon General Hospital, Athens 11527, Greece
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