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Quaresma MVLDS, Mancin L, Paoli A, Mota JF. The interplay between gut microbiome and physical exercise in athletes. Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care 2024; 27:428-433. [PMID: 39083429 DOI: 10.1097/mco.0000000000001056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/02/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The gut microbiome regulates several health and disease-related processes. However, the potential bidirectional relationship between the gut microbiome and physical exercise remains uncertain. Here, we review the evidence related to the gut microbiome in athletes. RECENT FINDINGS The effect of physical exercise on the intestinal microbiome and intestinal epithelial cells depends on the type, volume, and intensity of the activity. Strenuous exercise negatively impacts the intestinal microbiome, but adequate training and dietary planning could mitigate these effects. An increase in short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) concentrations can modulate signaling pathways in skeletal muscle, contributing to greater metabolic efficiency, preserving muscle glycogen, and consequently optimizing physical performance and recovery. Furthermore, higher SCFAs concentrations appear to lower inflammatory response, consequently preventing an exacerbated immune response and reducing the risk of infections among athletes. Regarding dietary interventions, the optimal diet composition for targeting the athlete's microbiome is not yet known. Likewise, the benefits or harms of using probiotics, synbiotics, and postbiotics are not well established, whereas prebiotics appear to optimize SCFAs production. SUMMARY The intestinal microbiome plays an important role in modulating health, performance, and recovery in athletes. SCFAs appear to be the main intestinal metabolite related to these effects. Nutritional strategies focusing on the intestinal microbiome need to be developed and tested in well controlled clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Laura Mancin
- Department of Biomedical Sciences
- Human Inspired Technology Research Center HIT, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Antonio Paoli
- Department of Biomedical Sciences
- Human Inspired Technology Research Center HIT, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - João Felipe Mota
- School of Nutrition, Federal University of Goias, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
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2
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Partanen M, Luhio P, Gómez-Gallego C, Kolehmainen M. The role of fiber in modulating plant protein-induced metabolic responses. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2024:1-16. [PMID: 39154210 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2024.2392149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/19/2024]
Abstract
The rising consumption of plant protein foods and the emergence of meat alternatives have prompted interest in the health benefits of such products, which contain fiber in addition to protein. This review investigates the effect of fiber on plant-based protein metabolism and evaluates its contribution to gut-derived health impacts. Plant proteins, which often come with added fiber, can have varying health outcomes. Factors such as processing and the presence of fiber and starch influence the digestibility of plant proteins, potentially leading to increased proteolytic fermentation in the gut and the production of harmful metabolites. However, fermentable fiber can counteract this effect by serving as a primary substrate for gut microbes, decreasing proteolytic activity. The increased amount of fiber, rather than the protein source itself, plays a significant role in the observed health benefits of plant-based diets in human studies. Differences between extrinsic and intrinsic fiber in the food matrix further impact protein fermentation and digestibility. Thus, in novel protein products without naturally occurring fiber, the health impact may differ from conventional plant protein sources. The influence of various fibers on plant-based protein metabolism throughout the gastrointestinal tract is not fully understood, necessitating further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moona Partanen
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Petri Luhio
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Carlos Gómez-Gallego
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Marjukka Kolehmainen
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
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3
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Arslan N, Bozkır E, Koçak T, Akin M, Yilmaz B. From Garden to Pillow: Understanding the Relationship between Plant-Based Nutrition and Quality of Sleep. Nutrients 2024; 16:2683. [PMID: 39203818 PMCID: PMC11357367 DOI: 10.3390/nu16162683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2024] [Revised: 08/06/2024] [Accepted: 08/11/2024] [Indexed: 09/03/2024] Open
Abstract
The effect of diet on sleep quality has been addressed in many studies; however, whether/how plant-based diets (PBDs) impact sleep-related parameters has not been explored in detail. This review aims to give an overview of the components of PBDs and the possible mechanisms through which PBDs may improve sleep quality. Studies have indicated that diets such as PBDs, which are typically high in fruits, vegetables, nuts, seeds, whole grains, and fiber, are associated with better sleep outcomes, including less fragmented sleep and improved sleep duration. Several mechanisms may explain how PBDs impact and/or improve sleep outcomes. Firstly, PBDs are characteristically rich in certain nutrients, such as magnesium and vitamin B6, which have been associated with improved sleep patterns. Secondly, PBDs are often lower in saturated fats and higher in fiber, which may contribute to better overall health, including sleep quality. Additionally, plant bioactive compounds like phytochemicals and antioxidants in fruits, vegetables, and herbs may have sleep-promoting effects. According to available data, PBD and Mediterranean diet elements promise to enhance sleep quality; however, it is crucial to note that diets should be customized based on each person's needs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neslihan Arslan
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Erzurum Technical University, Erzurum 25050, Türkiye;
| | - Eda Bozkır
- Burhaniye Chamber of Commerce, Safe Food Analysis and Export Support Center, Balıkesir 10700, Türkiye;
| | - Tevfik Koçak
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Gümüşhane University, Gümüşhane 29100, Türkiye;
| | - Meleksen Akin
- Department of Horticulture, Iğdır University, Iğdır 76000, Türkiye;
| | - Birsen Yilmaz
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Çukurova University, Adana 01330, Türkiye
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4
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Del Bo’ C, Chehade L, Tucci M, Canclini F, Riso P, Martini D. Impact of Substituting Meats with Plant-Based Analogues on Health-Related Markers: A Systematic Review of Human Intervention Studies. Nutrients 2024; 16:2498. [PMID: 39125378 PMCID: PMC11314210 DOI: 10.3390/nu16152498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2024] [Revised: 07/22/2024] [Accepted: 07/26/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The growing drive towards more sustainable dietary patterns has led to an increased demand for and availability of plant-based meat analogues (PBMAs). This systematic review aims to summarize the currently available evidence from human intervention studies investigating the impact of substituting animal meat (AM) with PBMAs in adults. A total of 19 studies were included. Overall, an increase in satiety following PBMA intake was reported, albeit to different extents and not always accompanied by changes in leptin and ghrelin. PBMAs generally resulted in lower protein bioavailability and a smaller increase in plasma essential amino acids in comparison to AM. However, muscle protein synthesis and physical performance were not affected. Finally, conflicting results have been reported for other outcomes, such as pancreatic and gastrointestinal hormones, oxidative stress and inflammation, vascular function, and microbiota composition. In conclusion, we documented that the impact of substituting AM with PBMA products has been scarcely investigated. In addition, the heterogeneity found in terms of study design, population, outcomes, and findings suggests the need for additional high-quality intervention trials, particularly long-term ones, to better clarify the advantages and potential critical issues of such substitutions within sustainable healthy diets.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Patrizia Riso
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Division of Human Nutrition, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milano, Italy (L.C.); (F.C.); (D.M.)
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5
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Goldman DM, Warbeck CB, Waterfall TJ, Sud A, Quarshie M, Craddock JC. Plant-based and Early Time-restricted Eating for Prevention and Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes in Adults: A Narrative Review. Can J Diabetes 2024; 48:341-347. [PMID: 38513822 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcjd.2024.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a significant public health challenge for which effective lifestyle interventions are needed. A growing body of evidence supports the use of both plant-based eating patterns and early time-restricted eating (eTRE) for the prevention and treatment of T2D, but research has not yet explored the potential of these dietary strategies in combination. In this narrative review, we assessed the evidence by which plant-based diets, in conjunction with eTRE, could support T2D care. The electronic databases MEDLINE and the Web of Science were searched for relevant articles published throughout the last decade. Observational research has shown that healthy plant-based eating patterns and eTRE are associated with reductions in T2D risk. Interventional trials demonstrated that plant-based diets promote improvements in glycated hemoglobin, insulin resistance, glycemic management, and cardiometabolic risk factors. These changes may be mediated, in part, by reductions in oxidative stress, dietary acid load, and hepatocellular and intramyocellular lipids. The eTRE strategies were also shown to improve insulin resistance and glycemic management, and mechanisms of action included enhanced regulation of circadian rhythm and increased metabolic flexibility. Integrating these dietary strategies may produce additive benefits, mediated by reduced visceral adiposity and beneficial shifts in gut microbiota composition. However, potential barriers to concurrent implementation of these interventions may exist, including social challenges, scheduling constraints, and tolerance. Prospective trials are needed to examine their acceptability and clinical effects.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Cassandra B Warbeck
- Department of Family Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | | | - Adam Sud
- Plant-Based for Positive Change, Austin, Texas, United States
| | | | - Joel C Craddock
- School of Medical, Indigenous and Health Sciences, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia
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6
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Li H, Niu S, Pan H, Wang G, Xie J, Tian J, Zhang K, Xia Y, Li Z, Yu E, Xie W, Gong W. Modulation of the gut microbiota by processed food and natural food: evidence from the Siniperca chuatsi microbiome. PeerJ 2024; 12:e17520. [PMID: 38887619 PMCID: PMC11182020 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.17520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Habitual dietary changes have the potential to induce alterations in the host's gut microbiota. Mandarin fish (Siniperca chuatsi), an aquatic vertebrate species with distinct feeding habits, were fed with natural feeds (NF) and artificial feeds (AF) to simulate the effects of natural and processed food consumption on host gut microbiota assemblages. The results showed that the alpha diversity index was reduced in the AF diet treatment, as lower abundance and diversity of the gut microbiota were observed, which could be attributed to the colonized microorganisms of the diet itself and the incorporation of plant-derived proteins or carbohydrates. The β-diversity analysis indicated that the two dietary treatments were associated with distinct bacterial communities. The AF diet had a significantly higher abundance of Bacteroidota and a lower abundance of Actinomycetota, Acidobacteriota, and Chloroflexota compared to the NF group. In addition, Bacteroidota was the biomarker in the gut of mandarin fish from the AF treatment, while Acidobacteriota was distinguished in the NF treatments. Additionally, the increased abundance of Bacteroidota in the AF diet group contributed to the improved fermentation and nutrient assimilation, as supported by the metabolic functional prediction and transcriptome verification. Overall, the present work used the mandarin fish as a vertebrate model to uncover the effects of habitual dietary changes on the evolution of the host microbiota, which may provide potential insights for the substitution of natural foods by processed foods in mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyan Li
- Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Hainan Fisheries Innovation Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Sanya, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Immunology and Sustainable Aquaculture, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shuhui Niu
- Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Houjun Pan
- Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Hainan Fisheries Innovation Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Sanya, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Immunology and Sustainable Aquaculture, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guangjun Wang
- Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Hainan Fisheries Innovation Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Sanya, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Immunology and Sustainable Aquaculture, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jun Xie
- Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Hainan Fisheries Innovation Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Sanya, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Immunology and Sustainable Aquaculture, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jingjing Tian
- Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Hainan Fisheries Innovation Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Sanya, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Immunology and Sustainable Aquaculture, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kai Zhang
- Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Hainan Fisheries Innovation Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Sanya, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Immunology and Sustainable Aquaculture, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yun Xia
- Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Hainan Fisheries Innovation Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Sanya, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Immunology and Sustainable Aquaculture, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhifei Li
- Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Hainan Fisheries Innovation Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Sanya, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Immunology and Sustainable Aquaculture, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ermeng Yu
- Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Hainan Fisheries Innovation Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Sanya, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Immunology and Sustainable Aquaculture, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenping Xie
- Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Hainan Fisheries Innovation Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Sanya, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Immunology and Sustainable Aquaculture, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wangbao Gong
- Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Hainan Fisheries Innovation Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Sanya, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Immunology and Sustainable Aquaculture, Guangzhou, China
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7
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Shang Z, Pai L, Patil S. Unveiling the dynamics of gut microbial interactions: a review of dietary impact and precision nutrition in gastrointestinal health. Front Nutr 2024; 11:1395664. [PMID: 38873568 PMCID: PMC11169903 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1395664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024] Open
Abstract
The human microbiome, a dynamic ecosystem within the gastrointestinal tract, plays a pivotal role in shaping overall health. This review delves into six interconnected sections, unraveling the intricate relationship between diet, gut microbiota, and their profound impact on human health. The dance of nutrients in the gut orchestrates a complex symphony, influencing digestive processes and susceptibility to gastrointestinal disorders. Emphasizing the bidirectional communication between the gut and the brain, the Brain-Gut Axis section highlights the crucial role of dietary choices in physical, mental, and emotional well-being. Autoimmune diseases, particularly those manifesting in the gastrointestinal tract, reveal the delicate balance disrupted by gut microbiome imbalances. Strategies for reconciling gut microbes through diets, precision nutrition, and clinical indications showcase promising avenues for managing gastrointestinal distress and revolutionizing healthcare. From the Low-FODMAP diet to neuro-gut interventions, these strategies provide a holistic understanding of the gut's dynamic world. Precision nutrition, as a groundbreaking discipline, holds transformative potential by tailoring dietary recommendations to individual gut microbiota compositions, reshaping the landscape of gastrointestinal health. Recent advancements in clinical indications, including exact probiotics, fecal microbiota transplantation, and neuro-gut interventions, signify a new era where the gut microbiome actively participates in therapeutic strategies. As the microbiome takes center stage in healthcare, a paradigm shift toward personalized and effective treatments for gastrointestinal disorders emerges, reflecting the symbiotic relationship between the human body and its microbial companions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zifang Shang
- Guangdong Engineering Technological Research Center of Clinical Molecular Diagnosis and Antibody Drugs, Meizhou People's Hospital (Huangtang Hospital), Meizhou Academy of Medical Sciences, Meizhou, China
| | - Liu Pai
- Department of Haematology and Oncology, Shenzhen Children’s Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Sandip Patil
- Department of Haematology and Oncology, Shenzhen Children’s Hospital, Shenzhen, China
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8
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Ronto R, Alves Lopes CV, Bogueva D, Davis B, Bhatti AJ, Navarrete P, Chau JY. Exploring Australian News Media Portrayals of Sustainable and Plant-Based Diets. Nutrients 2024; 16:996. [PMID: 38613028 PMCID: PMC11013140 DOI: 10.3390/nu16070996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Dietary behaviour transformation is imperative for the attainment of more sustainable food systems, including an increased intake of plant-based foods and lower consumption of red meat and highly processed foods. The influence of news media coverage on public opinion regarding dietary behaviours is significant. Therefore, this study aimed to explore how sustainable/plant-based diets have been portrayed in Australian news media. (2) Methods: The Factiva global news database was used to search news articles published in Australia between 2018 and 2020. Relevant news articles were selected if they included keywords relating to sustainable diets, plant-based diets, and meat alternatives. We used a coding protocol to extract key information, such as date of publication, article topic, and any health, environmental and economic impacts. Then, we performed a framing and thematic analysis of the data. (3) Results: From 357 included articles, more than half of the articles encouraged increasing the intake of plant-based foods (53.5%) and reducing animal-derived food intake (55.2%). Several reasons for such shift from animal protein centric Australian diets were identified throughout the articles such as health benefits (15.4%), environmental impacts (11.2%), animal welfare (4.8%), seasonality and local food intake (5.3%), avoiding overconsumption (4.5%) and food wastage (4.5%). (4) Conclusions: The predominant frame in Australian news coverage about sustainable diets has been about consumption, more plant- and less animal-based products, with little nuance about the complex interplay of diet quality and environment in influencing food choices. Australian news media should broaden its coverage of sustainable diets to include health, environmental, and economic factors to improve public understanding and facilitate informed and sustainable food choices. Further research is needed to enhance comprehension of how the audience perceives media coverage on this topic, which will provide a more thorough understanding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rimante Ronto
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Macquarie Park, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Carla Vanessa Alves Lopes
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Macquarie Park, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Diana Bogueva
- Curtin University Sustainability Policy Institute (CUSP), Curtin University, Perth, WA 6102, Australia
| | - Barbara Davis
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Macquarie Park, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Alexandra J. Bhatti
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Macquarie Park, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Priscilla Navarrete
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Macquarie Park, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Josephine Y. Chau
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Macquarie Park, NSW 2109, Australia
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9
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Charles JA, Habibullah NK, Bautista S, Davis B, Joshi S, Hull SC. Planting the Seed for Blood Pressure Control: The Role of Plant-Based Nutrition in the Management of Hypertension. Curr Cardiol Rep 2024; 26:121-134. [PMID: 38526748 PMCID: PMC10990999 DOI: 10.1007/s11886-023-02008-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/26/2023] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Hypertension results in significant morbidity, mortality, and healthcare expenditures. Fortunately, it is largely preventable and treatable by implementing dietary interventions, though these remain underutilized. Here, we aim to explore the role of healthy dietary patterns in hypertension management and describe approaches for busy clinicians to address nutrition effectively and efficiently with patients. RECENT FINDINGS DASH, Mediterranean, vegetarian, and vegan diets that include minimally processed, plant-based foods as core elements have consistently shown positive effects on hypertension. Recommendations that distill the most healthful components of these diets can significantly impact patient outcomes. Clinicians can harness evidence-based dietary assessment and counseling tools to implement and support behavioral changes, even during brief office visits. Healthful plant-based dietary patterns can often effectively prevent and treat hypertension. Clinicians may help improve patient outcomes by discussing evidence-based nutrition with their patients. Future work to promote infrastructural change that supports incorporating evidence-based nutrition into medical education, clinical care, and society at large can support these efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin A Charles
- Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, UC San Diego Health, San Diego, CA, USA.
| | | | - Saul Bautista
- Ethos Farm to Health/Ethos Primary Care, Long Valley, NJ, USA
| | - Brenda Davis
- Brenda Davis, Nutrition Consultations, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Shivam Joshi
- Department of Veterans Affairs, Orlando, FL, USA
- Department of Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sarah C Hull
- Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Program for Biomedical Ethics, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
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10
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Clemente-Suárez VJ, Redondo-Flórez L, Rubio-Zarapuz A, Martín-Rodríguez A, Tornero-Aguilera JF. Microbiota Implications in Endocrine-Related Diseases: From Development to Novel Therapeutic Approaches. Biomedicines 2024; 12:221. [PMID: 38255326 PMCID: PMC10813640 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12010221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
This comprehensive review article delves into the critical role of the human microbiota in the development and management of endocrine-related diseases. We explore the complex interactions between the microbiota and the endocrine system, emphasizing the implications of microbiota dysbiosis for the onset and progression of various endocrine disorders. The review aims to synthesize current knowledge, highlighting recent advancements and the potential of novel therapeutic approaches targeting microbiota-endocrine interactions. Key topics include the impact of microbiota on hormone regulation, its role in endocrine pathologies, and the promising avenues of microbiota modulation through diet, probiotics, prebiotics, and fecal microbiota transplantation. We underscore the importance of this research in advancing personalized medicine, offering insights for more tailored and effective treatments for endocrine-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vicente Javier Clemente-Suárez
- Faculty of Sports Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Tajo Street, s/n, 28670 Madrid, Spain; (V.J.C.-S.); (A.R.-Z.); (J.F.T.-A.)
- Grupo de Investigación en Cultura, Educación y Sociedad, Universidad de la Costa, Barranquilla 080002, Colombia
| | - Laura Redondo-Flórez
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, C/ Tajo s/n, 28670 Villaviciosa de Odón, Spain;
| | - Alejandro Rubio-Zarapuz
- Faculty of Sports Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Tajo Street, s/n, 28670 Madrid, Spain; (V.J.C.-S.); (A.R.-Z.); (J.F.T.-A.)
| | - Alexandra Martín-Rodríguez
- Faculty of Sports Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Tajo Street, s/n, 28670 Madrid, Spain; (V.J.C.-S.); (A.R.-Z.); (J.F.T.-A.)
| | - José Francisco Tornero-Aguilera
- Faculty of Sports Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Tajo Street, s/n, 28670 Madrid, Spain; (V.J.C.-S.); (A.R.-Z.); (J.F.T.-A.)
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11
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Łuszczki E, Boakye F, Zielińska M, Dereń K, Bartosiewicz A, Oleksy Ł, Stolarczyk A. Vegan diet: nutritional components, implementation, and effects on adults' health. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1294497. [PMID: 38024367 PMCID: PMC10665534 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1294497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Vegan diet has emerged as a popular dietary choice for people worldwide in recent times, due to concerns such as health issues, animal rights and welfare, and the sustainability of the environment. The purpose of this literature review was to explain how a vegan diet may affect the health of adults and to point out beneficial components found in it as well as any difficulties associated with its implementation. Evidence supports that a vegan diet can reduce the risk of chronic diseases, such as type 2 diabetes, hypertension, and certain types of cancer. A well-planned vegan diet must include adequate calories and nutrients, as well as the necessary supplements, such as vitamin B12, vitamin D and EPA/DHA. Given the current growing interest in plant-based diets among the general population, it is crucial to understand both the barriers, risks, and benefits of the vegan diet among physicians, policy makers, and the general population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edyta Łuszczki
- Institute of Health Sciences, Medical College of Rzeszów University, Rzeszów, Poland
| | - Faustina Boakye
- Institute of Health Sciences, Medical College of Rzeszów University, Rzeszów, Poland
| | - Magdalena Zielińska
- Institute of Health Sciences, Medical College of Rzeszów University, Rzeszów, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Dereń
- Institute of Health Sciences, Medical College of Rzeszów University, Rzeszów, Poland
| | - Anna Bartosiewicz
- Institute of Health Sciences, Medical College of Rzeszów University, Rzeszów, Poland
| | - Łukasz Oleksy
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Physiotherapy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | - Artur Stolarczyk
- Orthopedic and Rehabilitation Department, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
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12
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Puljiz Z, Kumric M, Vrdoljak J, Martinovic D, Ticinovic Kurir T, Krnic MO, Urlic H, Puljiz Z, Zucko J, Dumanic P, Mikolasevic I, Bozic J. Obesity, Gut Microbiota, and Metabolome: From Pathophysiology to Nutritional Interventions. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15102236. [PMID: 37242119 DOI: 10.3390/nu15102236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 04/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a disorder identified by an inappropriate increase in weight in relation to height and is considered by many international health institutions to be a major pandemic of the 21st century. The gut microbial ecosystem impacts obesity in multiple ways that yield downstream metabolic consequences, such as affecting systemic inflammation, immune response, and energy harvest, but also the gut-host interface. Metabolomics, a systematized study of low-molecular-weight molecules that take part in metabolic pathways, represents a serviceable method for elucidation of the crosstalk between hosts' metabolism and gut microbiota. In the present review, we confer about clinical and preclinical studies exploring the association of obesity and related metabolic disorders with various gut microbiome profiles, and the effects of several dietary interventions on gut microbiome composition and the metabolome. It is well established that various nutritional interventions may serve as an efficient therapeutic approach to support weight loss in obese individuals, yet no agreement exists in regard to the most effective dietary protocol, both in the short and long term. However, metabolite profiling and the gut microbiota composition might represent an opportunity to methodically establish predictors for obesity control that are relatively simple to measure in comparison to traditional approaches, and it may also present a tool to determine the optimal nutritional intervention to ameliorate obesity in an individual. Nevertheless, a lack of adequately powered randomized trials impedes the application of observations to clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zivana Puljiz
- Laboratory for Bioinformatics, Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Marko Kumric
- Department of Pathophysiology, University of Split School of Medicine, 21000 Split, Croatia
| | - Josip Vrdoljak
- Department of Pathophysiology, University of Split School of Medicine, 21000 Split, Croatia
| | - Dinko Martinovic
- Department of Pathophysiology, University of Split School of Medicine, 21000 Split, Croatia
| | - Tina Ticinovic Kurir
- Department of Pathophysiology, University of Split School of Medicine, 21000 Split, Croatia
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, University Hospital of Split, 21000 Split, Croatia
| | - Marin Ozren Krnic
- Department of Pathophysiology, University of Split School of Medicine, 21000 Split, Croatia
| | - Hrvoje Urlic
- Department of Pathophysiology, University of Split School of Medicine, 21000 Split, Croatia
| | - Zeljko Puljiz
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Split School of Medicine, 21000 Split, Croatia
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital of Split, 21000 Split, Croatia
| | - Jurica Zucko
- Laboratory for Bioinformatics, Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Petra Dumanic
- Medical Laboratory Diagnostic Division, University Hospital of Split, 21000 Split, Croatia
| | - Ivana Mikolasevic
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Centre Rijeka, School of Medicine, University of Rijeka, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Josko Bozic
- Department of Pathophysiology, University of Split School of Medicine, 21000 Split, Croatia
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