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Mandal M, Rakib A, Mamun MAA, Kumar S, Park F, Hwang DJ, Li W, Miller DD, Singh UP. DJ-X-013 reduces LPS-induced inflammation, modulates Th17/ myeloid-derived suppressor cells, and alters NF-κB expression to ameliorate experimental colitis. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 179:117379. [PMID: 39255739 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.117379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2024] [Revised: 08/26/2024] [Accepted: 08/27/2024] [Indexed: 09/12/2024] Open
Abstract
SCOPE Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic intestinal inflammatory condition of unknown etiology, although recent evidence suggests that it is caused by an excessive immune response to mucosal antigens. We determined the anti-inflammatory properties of novel compound DJ-X-013 in vitro in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced macrophages and in an in vivo dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced model of colitis. METHODS AND RESULTS To evaluate the anti-inflammatory properties of DJ-X-013, we used LPS-activated RAW 264.7 macrophages in vitro and a DSS-induced experimental model of colitis in vivo. We examine cellular morphology, and tissue architecture by histology, flow cytometry, RT-qPCR, multiplex, and immunoblot analysis to perform cellular and molecular studies. DJ-X-013 treatment altered cell morphology and expression of inflammatory cytokines in LPS-activated macrophages as compared to cells treated with LPS alone. DJ-X-013 also impeded the migration of RAW 264.7 macrophages by modulating cytoskeletal organization and suppressed the expression of NF-κB and inflammatory markers as compared to LPS alone. DJ-X-013 treatment improved body weight, and colon length and attenuated inflammation in the colon of DSS-induced colitis. Intriguingly, DSS-challenged mice treated with DJ-X-013 induced the numbers of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), dendritic cells (DCs), and natural killer T cells (NKT) in the colon lamina propria (LP) relative to DSS. DJ-X-013 also reduced the influx of neutrophils, TNF-α producing macrophages, restricted the number of Th17 cells, and suppressed inflammatory cytokines and NF-κB in the LP relative to DSS. CONCLUSION DJ-X-013 is proposed to be a therapeutic strategy for ameliorating inflammation and experimental colitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mousumi Mandal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
| | - Ahmed Rakib
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
| | - Md Abdullah Al Mamun
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
| | - Santosh Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
| | - Frank Park
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
| | - Dong-Jin Hwang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
| | - Duane D Miller
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
| | - Udai P Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA.
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Chao YW, Tung YT, Yang SC, Shirakawa H, Su LH, Loe PY, Chiu WC. The Effects of Rice Bran on Neuroinflammation and Gut Microbiota in Ovariectomized Mice Fed a Drink with Fructose. Nutrients 2024; 16:2980. [PMID: 39275295 PMCID: PMC11397027 DOI: 10.3390/nu16172980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2024] [Revised: 08/30/2024] [Accepted: 09/02/2024] [Indexed: 09/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Rice bran, which is abundant in dietary fiber and phytochemicals, provides multiple health benefits. Nonetheless, its effects on neuroinflammation and gut microbiota in postmenopausal conditions are still not well understood. This study investigated the effects of rice bran and/or tea seed oil supplementation in d-galactose-injected ovariectomized (OVX) old mice fed a fructose drink. The combination of d-galactose injection, ovariectomy, and fructose drink administration creates a comprehensive model that simulates aging in females under multiple metabolic stressors, including oxidative stress, estrogen deficiency, and high-sugar diets, and allows the study of their combined impact on metabolic disorders and related diseases. Eight-week-old and 6-8-month-old female C57BL/6 mice were used. The mice were divided into six groups: a sham + young mice, a sham + old mice, an OVX + soybean oil, an OVX + soybean oil with rice bran, an OVX + tea seed oil (TO), and an OVX + TO with rice bran diet group. The OVX groups were subcutaneously injected with d-galactose (100 mg/kg/day) and received a 15% (v/v) fructose drink. The rice bran and tea seed oil supplementation formed 10% of the diet (w/w). The results showed that the rice bran with TO diet increased the number of short-chain fatty acid (SCFA)-producing Clostridia and reduced the number of endotoxin-producing Tannerellaceae, which mitigated imbalances in the gut-liver-brain axis. Rice bran supplementation reduced the relative weight of the liver, levels of hepatic triglycerides and total cholesterol; aspartate transaminase and alanine aminotransferase activity; brain levels of proinflammatory cytokines, including interleukin-1β and tumor necrosis factor-α; and plasma 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine. This study concludes that rice bran inhibits hepatic fat accumulation, which mitigates peripheral metaflammation and oxidative damage and reduces neuroinflammation in the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Wen Chao
- School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, College of Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Tang Tung
- Graduate Institute of Biotechnology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
- Advanced Plant and Food Crop Biotechnology Center, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
- Cell Physiology and Molecular Image Research Center, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 116, Taiwan
| | - Suh-Ching Yang
- School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, College of Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
- Research Center of Geriatric Nutrition, College of Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
| | - Hitoshi Shirakawa
- International Education and Research Center for Food and Agricultural Immunology, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8572, Japan
| | - Li-Han Su
- School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, College of Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Yu Loe
- School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, College of Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
| | - Wan-Chun Chiu
- School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, College of Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
- Research Center of Geriatric Nutrition, College of Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
- Department of Nutrition, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 116, Taiwan
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Fernandes C, Miranda MCC, Roque CR, Paguada ALP, Mota CAR, Florêncio KGD, Pereira AF, Wong DVT, Oriá RB, Lima-Júnior RCP. Is There an Interplay between Environmental Factors, Microbiota Imbalance, and Cancer Chemotherapy-Associated Intestinal Mucositis? Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:1020. [PMID: 39204125 PMCID: PMC11357004 DOI: 10.3390/ph17081020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2024] [Revised: 07/24/2024] [Accepted: 08/01/2024] [Indexed: 09/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Interindividual variation in drug efficacy and toxicity is a significant problem, potentially leading to adverse clinical and economic public health outcomes. While pharmacogenetics and pharmacogenomics have long been considered the primary causes of such heterogeneous responses, pharmacomicrobiomics has recently gained attention. The microbiome, a community of microorganisms living in or on the human body, is a critical determinant of drug response and toxicity. Factors such as diet, lifestyle, exposure to xenobiotics, antibiotics use, illness, and genetics can influence the composition of the microbiota. Changes in the intestinal microbiota are particularly influential in drug responsiveness, especially in cancer chemotherapy. The microbiota can modulate an individual's response to a drug, affecting its bioavailability, clinical effect, and toxicity, affecting treatment outcomes and patient quality of life. For instance, the microbiota can convert drugs into active or toxic metabolites, influencing their efficacy and side effects. Alternatively, chemotherapy can also alter the microbiota, creating a bidirectional interplay. Probiotics have shown promise in modulating the microbiome and ameliorating chemotherapy side effects, highlighting the potential for microbiota-targeted interventions in improving cancer treatment outcomes. This opinion paper addresses how environmental factors and chemotherapy-induced dysbiosis impact cancer chemotherapy gastrointestinal toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camila Fernandes
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, and Drug Research and Development Center (NPDM), Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceara, Rua Cel Nunes de Melo, 1000, Fortaleza 60430-270, Brazil; (C.F.); (A.L.P.P.); (C.A.R.M.); (K.G.D.F.); (A.F.P.); (D.V.T.W.)
| | | | - Cássia Rodrigues Roque
- Laboratory of Tissue Healing, Ontogeny, and Nutrition, Department of Morphology, and Institute of Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceara, Fortaleza 60430-170, Brazil; (C.R.R.); (R.B.O.)
| | - Ana Lizeth Padilla Paguada
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, and Drug Research and Development Center (NPDM), Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceara, Rua Cel Nunes de Melo, 1000, Fortaleza 60430-270, Brazil; (C.F.); (A.L.P.P.); (C.A.R.M.); (K.G.D.F.); (A.F.P.); (D.V.T.W.)
| | - Carlos Adrian Rodrigues Mota
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, and Drug Research and Development Center (NPDM), Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceara, Rua Cel Nunes de Melo, 1000, Fortaleza 60430-270, Brazil; (C.F.); (A.L.P.P.); (C.A.R.M.); (K.G.D.F.); (A.F.P.); (D.V.T.W.)
| | - Katharine Gurgel Dias Florêncio
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, and Drug Research and Development Center (NPDM), Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceara, Rua Cel Nunes de Melo, 1000, Fortaleza 60430-270, Brazil; (C.F.); (A.L.P.P.); (C.A.R.M.); (K.G.D.F.); (A.F.P.); (D.V.T.W.)
| | - Anamaria Falcão Pereira
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, and Drug Research and Development Center (NPDM), Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceara, Rua Cel Nunes de Melo, 1000, Fortaleza 60430-270, Brazil; (C.F.); (A.L.P.P.); (C.A.R.M.); (K.G.D.F.); (A.F.P.); (D.V.T.W.)
| | - Deysi Viviana Tenazoa Wong
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, and Drug Research and Development Center (NPDM), Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceara, Rua Cel Nunes de Melo, 1000, Fortaleza 60430-270, Brazil; (C.F.); (A.L.P.P.); (C.A.R.M.); (K.G.D.F.); (A.F.P.); (D.V.T.W.)
| | - Reinaldo Barreto Oriá
- Laboratory of Tissue Healing, Ontogeny, and Nutrition, Department of Morphology, and Institute of Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceara, Fortaleza 60430-170, Brazil; (C.R.R.); (R.B.O.)
| | - Roberto César Pereira Lima-Júnior
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, and Drug Research and Development Center (NPDM), Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceara, Rua Cel Nunes de Melo, 1000, Fortaleza 60430-270, Brazil; (C.F.); (A.L.P.P.); (C.A.R.M.); (K.G.D.F.); (A.F.P.); (D.V.T.W.)
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Abd-Ellatieff HA, Georg K, Abourawash ARA, Ghazy EW, Samak DH, Goda WM. Aspergillus awamori: potential antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic activities in acetic acid-induced ulcerative colitis in rats. Inflammopharmacology 2024; 32:2541-2553. [PMID: 38763983 PMCID: PMC11300502 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-024-01489-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024]
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic colonic inflammation with a significant health hazard. Aspergillus awamori (A. awamori) is a microorganism with various bioactive compounds with natural antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. The present work aimed to elucidate the protective and therapeutic effects of varying concentrations of A. awamori against acetic acid (AA)-induced ulcerative colitis (UC) in rats. Nine groups of albino male rats were established: a control negative group (G1), a control positive group (G2,AA), and preventive protocol groups (including G3A, G4A, and G5A) that received 100 mg, 50 mg, and 25 mg/kg b.w, respectively, of A. awamori orally and daily from the 1st day of the experiment and for 7 consecutive days. Then, they were subjected to one dose of AA intrarectally on day 8th. G3B, G4B, and G5B were termed as curative protocol groups that received one dose of AA on day 8th and then administered 100 mg, 50 mg, and 25 mg/kg b.w. of A. awamori, respectively, on day 9th and continued receiving these doses daily until day 16th. Rats in the AA group exhibited marked histopathological alterations of the distal colon, with an exaggeration of the DAI. In addition, a remarkable increase in oxidative stress was represented by the elevation of MDA and NO levels with a decline in SOD and GPx activities. In addition, upregulation of TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β mRNA expressions and downregulation of Muc2 and Nrf2 levels were detected. Unambiguously, a remarkable anti-inflammatory effect was noticed either in A. awamori prevented or treated groups expounded by reducing and regulating TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β with improved pathological lesion scoring. The Muc2, Nrf2, and bcl-2 gene levels were upregulated and restored also. In summary, the findings in this work reveal that A. awamori supplementation successfully alleviated the UC induced by AA, which had a better effect when administered before colitis induction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hoda A Abd-Ellatieff
- Pathology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, Egypt.
| | - Kristen Georg
- Cure Lab Clinical Pathology, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr El-Sheikh, Egypt
| | | | - Emad W Ghazy
- Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr El-Sheikh, Egypt
| | - Dalia H Samak
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, Egypt
| | - Wael M Goda
- Pathology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, Egypt
- Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour-El-Beheira, Egypt
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Agista AZ, Chien YS, Koseki T, Nagaoka H, Ohnuma T, Ohsaki Y, Yeh CL, Yang SC, Ardiansyah, Budijanto S, Komai M, Shirakawa H. Investigation of Rhizopus oligosporus Metabolites in Fermented Wheat Bran and Its Bio Function in Alleviating Colitis in Mice Model. Metabolites 2024; 14:359. [PMID: 39057682 PMCID: PMC11278778 DOI: 10.3390/metabo14070359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2024] [Revised: 06/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Wheat bran (WB) is a low-value by-product of the wheat milling industry. Solid-state fermentation with Rhizopus oligosporus is performed to improve WB's nutritional quality (RH). Twenty-five mice (11-week-old C57BL/6N male mice) were divided into three groups. The first group was fed a control diet (n = 8), the second group a 10% WB-supplemented diet (n = 8), and the last group had a 10% RH-supplemented diet (n = 9). The diet treatment was administered for 4 days before dextran sodium sulfate (DSS, 3% in drinking water) was administered for 9 days. RH supplementation prevented bodyweight loss and reduced the disease activity index in mice. An increase in the level of SCFAs in mouse intestines was detected post-RH supplementation, suggesting that SCFAs might have contributed to its anti-colitis effect. Metabolome analysis was conducted to explore other bioactive compounds in RH. R. oligosporus fermentation significantly increased the amounts of ergothioneine, arginine, branched-chain amino acids, and adenosine in wheat bran. All of these compounds are known to have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory capacities. These bioactive compounds might also have contributed to the RH's ability to ameliorate DSS-induced colitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afifah Zahra Agista
- Laboratory of Nutrition, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8572, Japan
| | - Yu-Shan Chien
- Laboratory of Nutrition, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8572, Japan
| | - Takuya Koseki
- Faculty of Agriculture, Yamagata University, Tsuruoka 997-8555, Japan
| | - Hazuki Nagaoka
- Faculty of Agriculture, Yamagata University, Tsuruoka 997-8555, Japan
| | - Takuto Ohnuma
- Faculty of Agriculture, Yamagata University, Tsuruoka 997-8555, Japan
| | - Yusuke Ohsaki
- Laboratory of Nutrition, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8572, Japan
- International Education and Research Center for Food Agricultural Immunology, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8572, Japan
| | - Chiu-Li Yeh
- School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110301, Taiwan
| | - Suh-Ching Yang
- School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110301, Taiwan
| | - Ardiansyah
- Department of Food Technology, Universitas Bakrie, Jakarta 12920, Indonesia;
| | - Slamet Budijanto
- Faculty of Agricultural Engineering and Technology, IPB University, Bogor 16680, Indonesia
| | - Michio Komai
- Laboratory of Nutrition, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8572, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Shirakawa
- Laboratory of Nutrition, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8572, Japan
- International Education and Research Center for Food Agricultural Immunology, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8572, Japan
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Hsu FY, Yang SC, Suk FM, Shirakawa H, Chiu WC, Liao YJ. Dietary rice bran attenuates hepatic stellate cell activation and liver fibrosis in mice through enhancing antioxidant ability. J Nutr Biochem 2024; 125:109565. [PMID: 38176621 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2023.109565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/31/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
Various endogenous and exogenous stimuli can result in an inflammatory response and collagen deposition in the liver, which affect liver function and increase the risk of developing liver cirrhosis and cancer. Rice bran, the main by-product of rice milling, contains various nutrients which possess hepatoprotective activities. In this study, we investigated the effects of rice bran on carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced liver fibrosis in mice. Mice were fed a rice-bran-containing diet (10% rice bran w/w) or a standard diet with or without an injection of 20% CCl4 to induce liver fibrosis. Our results showed that feeding a rice-bran-containing diet could alleviate CCl4-induced liver damage, collagen deposition, and expressions of fibrosis-related genes, including α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), collagen 1a2 (COL1A2), and transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) in liver tissues. Moreover, consumption of rice bran enhanced phase II detoxification and antioxidant gene expressions, including Gsta3, Gstp1, Catalase, SOD1, SOD2, and SOD3. Treatment with γ-oryzanol, the major bioactive compound in rice bran, decreased the sensitivity of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) to TGF-β1-induced α-SMA, COL1A2, and phosphorylated smad2 expressions. In conclusion, a rice-bran-containing diet may have beneficial effects on liver fibrogenesis through increased antioxidant and detoxification activities. γ-Oryzanol, the major bioactive compound of rice bran, can inhibit activation of HSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang-Yu Hsu
- School of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Suh-Ching Yang
- School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Research Center of Geriatric Nutrition, College of Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Nutrition Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; School of Gerontology and Long-Term Care, College of Nursing, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Fat-Moon Suk
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hitoshi Shirakawa
- Laboratory of Nutrition, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Wan-Chun Chiu
- School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Research Center of Geriatric Nutrition, College of Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Nutrition, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Yi-Jen Liao
- School of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; TMU Research Center for Digestive Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Jiang X, Liu H, You Y, Zhong G, Ruan Z, Liao J, Zhang H, Pan J, Tang Z, Hu L. Multi-omics reveals the protective effects of curcumin against AFB1-induced oxidative stress and inflammatory damage in duckling intestines. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2024; 276:109815. [PMID: 38061615 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2023.109815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) is the most prevalent and toxic class of aflatoxins, which is considered a significant risk factor for food safety. Curcumin, a phytoconstituent with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, has potential therapeutic value for intestinal inflammatory diseases. In this study, the duckling model susceptible to AFB1 was selected for toxicity testing, aiming to explore the effect of curcumin on AFB1 enterotoxicity and its possible mechanism of action. The results showed that curcumin promoted the growth and development of ducklings and mitigated the changes in morphology and permeability serological index (DAO and D-LA) after AFB1 exposure. Curcumin also mitigated AFB1-induced oxidative stress by activating the Nrf2 pathway, and ameliorated intestinal inflammation by inhibiting the NF-κB/IκB signaling pathway and boosting intestinal autophagy. In terms of gut flora and their metabolites, we found that curcumin supplementation significantly increased the intestinal flora's abundance index and diversity index compared to the AFB1 group, mitigating the decline in the abundance of Actinobacteria and the rise in that of harmful bacteria Clostridia. Furthermore, untargeted metabolomic analysis revealed that the protective effect of curcumin on the intestine was mainly through the regulation of AFB1-induced disorders of lipid metabolism, involving linoleic acid metabolism, α-linolenic acid metabolism, and glycerolipid metabolism. Overall, the enteroprotective effects of curcumin may be of significant value in the future for treating chronic AFB1 poisoning and also provide new therapeutic ideas for other mycotoxicosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuanxuan Jiang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; Medical Devices Research &Testing Center of South China University of Technology, Laboratory Animal Research Center of South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Haiyan Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Yanli You
- College of Life Science, Yantai University, Yantai City 264005, Shandong Province, China
| | - Gaolong Zhong
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Zhiyan Ruan
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Food & Drug Vocational College, No. 321, Longdong North Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510520, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Jianzhao Liao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Jiaqiang Pan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Zhaoxin Tang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Lianmei Hu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
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Wee VTK, Shirakawa H, Yeh SL, Yeh CL. Fermented rice bran supplementation attenuates colonic injury through modulating intestinal aryl hydrocarbon receptor and innate lymphoid cells in mice with dextran sodium sulfate-induced acute colitis. J Nutr Biochem 2024; 123:109493. [PMID: 37871768 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2023.109493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the effects of fermented rice bran (FRB) on modulating intestinal aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) expression, innate lymphoid cell (ILC)3 populations, the fecal microbiota distribution, and their associations with dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced acute colitis. C57BL/6 mice were assigned to four groups: 1) NC group, normal mice fed the AIN-93M diet; 2) FRB group, normal mice fed a diet supplemented with 5% FRB; 3) NCD group, DSS-treated mice fed AIN-93M; 4) FRBD group, DSS-treated mice fed a 5% FRB-supplemented diet. DSS was administered for 5 d and followed by 5 d for recovery. At the end of the experiment, mice were sacrificed. Their blood and intestinal tissues were collected. Results showed that there were no differences in colonic biological parameters and function between the NC and FRB groups. Similar fecal microbiota diversity was noted between these two groups. Compared to the non-DSS-treated groups, DSS administration led to increased intestinal permeability, enhanced inflammatory cytokine production and disease severity, whereas tight junctions and AhR, interleukin (IL)-22 expressions were downregulated, and the ILC3 population had decreased. Also, gut microbiota diversity differs from the non-DSS-treated groups and more detrimental bacterial populations exist when compared to the FRBD group. FRB supplementation in DSS-treated mice attenuated fecal microbial dysbiosis, decreased intestinal permeability, improved the barrier integrity, upregulated AhR and IL-22 expression, maintained the ILC3 population, and pathologically mitigated colonic injury. These findings suggest enhanced ILC3- and AhR-mediated functions may be partly responsible for the anti-colitis effects of FRB supplementation in DSS-induced colitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- ViVi Tang Kang Wee
- School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, College of Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hitoshi Shirakawa
- Laboratory of Nutrition, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Sung-Ling Yeh
- Department of Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital and College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chiu-Li Yeh
- School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, College of Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Nutrition Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Research Center of Geriatric Nutrition, College of Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Research Center for Digestive Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
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9
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Noguchi T, Kitaura H, Marahleh A, Agista AZ, Ohsaki Y, Shirakawa H, Mizoguchi I. Fermented Rice Bran Supplementation Inhibits LPS-Induced Osteoclast Formation and Bone Resorption in Mice. Nutrients 2023; 15:3044. [PMID: 37447370 DOI: 10.3390/nu15133044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 06/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Fermented rice bran (FRB) is known to have numerous beneficial bioactivities, amongst which is its anti-inflammatory properties when used as a supplement. To determine its effects, we examined osteoclastogenesis and bone resorption caused by injections of lipopolysaccharide (LPS), using mice with and without FRB supplementation. The results were favorable: those that received FRB showed reduced osteoclast numbers and bone resorption compared to those with the control diet. Notably, receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (RANKL) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) mRNA levels were shown to be lower in the LPS-treated animals with FRB supplementation. FRB's inhibitory effect on RANKL- and TNF-α-induced osteoclastogenesis was further confirmed in vitro. In culture, macrophages exhibited decreased TNF-α mRNA levels when treated with FRB extract and LPS versus treatment with LPS alone, but there was no significant change in RANKL levels in osteoblasts. We can conclude that FRB supplementation dampens the effect of LPS-induced osteoclastogenesis and bone resorption by controlling TNF-α expression in macrophages and the direct inhibition of osteoclast formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takahiro Noguchi
- Division of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, 4-1, Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Hideki Kitaura
- Division of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, 4-1, Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Aseel Marahleh
- Frontier Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Sciences (FRIS), Tohoku University, 6-3, Aramaki-Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-0845, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Afifah Zahra Agista
- Laboratory of Nutrition, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, 468-1, Aramaki Aza Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8572, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Yusuke Ohsaki
- Laboratory of Nutrition, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, 468-1, Aramaki Aza Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8572, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Shirakawa
- Laboratory of Nutrition, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, 468-1, Aramaki Aza Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8572, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Itaru Mizoguchi
- Division of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, 4-1, Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Miyagi, Japan
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10
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Li H, Christman LM, Yagiz Y, Washington TL, Wang GP, Gu L. Dealcoholized muscadine wine was partially effective in preventing and treating dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis and restoring gut dysbiosis in mice. Food Funct 2023; 14:5994-6011. [PMID: 37310366 DOI: 10.1039/d3fo00047h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Muscadine wine has a unique polyphenol profile consisting of anthocyanins, ellagic acids, and flavonols. This study aims to compare the prevention, treatment, and combined activity (P + T) of dealcoholized muscadine wine (DMW) on DSS-induced colitis in mice and its impact on the gut microbiome. Male C57BL/6 mice in the healthy and colitis group received an AIN-93M diet for 28 days. In the prevention, treatment, and P + T (prevention + treatment) groups, mice received an AIN-93M diet containing 2.79% (v/w) DMW on days 1-14, 15-28, and 1-28, respectively. Except for mice in the healthy group, all mice were given water with 2.5% (w/v) DSS on days 8-14 to induce colitis. DMW in all three receiving groups reduced myeloperoxidase activity, histology scores, and phosphorylation of Iκb-α in the colon. Colon shortening, serum IL-6, and colonic mRNA of TNF-α were blunted only in the P + T group. Gut permeability was reduced in the treatment and P + T groups. DMW in P + T group showed higher activity to increase microbiome evenness, modulate β-diversity, elevate the cecal content of SCFAs, and enrich SCFA-producing bacteria, including Lactobacillaceae, Lachnospiraceae, Ruminococcaceae, and Peptococcaceae. This was accompanied by a decrease in pathogenic Burkholderiaceae in mice. This study suggests that muscadine wine has partial preventive and therapeutic effects against inflammatory bowel disease. The combination of prevention and treatment using DMW showed better activities than either prevention or treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Li
- Food Science and Human Nutrition Department, College of Agricultural and Life Sciences, USA.
| | - Lindsey M Christman
- Food Science and Human Nutrition Department, College of Agricultural and Life Sciences, USA.
| | - Yavuz Yagiz
- Food Science and Human Nutrition Department, College of Agricultural and Life Sciences, USA.
| | - Taylor L Washington
- Food Science and Human Nutrition Department, College of Agricultural and Life Sciences, USA.
| | - Gary P Wang
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USA
| | - Liwei Gu
- Food Science and Human Nutrition Department, College of Agricultural and Life Sciences, USA.
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11
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Zhang S, Cao Y, Wang Z, Liu H, Teng Y, Li G, Liu J, Xia X. Fermented Sargassum fusiforme Mitigates Ulcerative Colitis in Mice by Regulating the Intestinal Barrier, Oxidative Stress, and the NF-κB Pathway. Foods 2023; 12:foods12101928. [PMID: 37238746 DOI: 10.3390/foods12101928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, Sargassum fusiforme has gained increasing attention for its ability to improve human health and reduce the risk of disease. Nevertheless, there have been few reports on the beneficial functions of fermented Sargassum fusiforme. In this study, the role of fermented Sargassum fusiforme in the mitigation of ulcerative colitis was investigated. Both fermented and unfermented Sargassum fusiforme demonstrated significant improvement in weight loss, diarrhea, bloody stools, and colon shortening in mice with acute colitis. Fermented Sargassum fusiforme further protected against goblet cell loss, decreased intestinal epithelium permeability, and enhanced the expression of tight junction proteins. Fermented Sargassum fusiforme reduced oxidative stress, which was demonstrated by a decrease in nitric oxide (NO), myeloperoxidase (MPO), and malondialdehyde (MDA) concentrations in the colon of mice and an increase in total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD) activity in the colon. Meanwhile, catalase (CAT) concentrations in both the colon and serum of mice were significantly increased. Fermented Sargassum fusiforme also attenuated the inflammatory response, which was evidenced by the decreased level of pro-inflammatory cytokines in the colon. Moreover, fermented Sargassum fusiforme inhibited the nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) signaling pathway and increased the production of short-chain fatty acids in the intestine. These findings indicate that fermented Sargassum fusiforme may have the potential to be developed as an alternative strategy for alleviating colitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siteng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing and Safety Control, National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Yu Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing and Safety Control, National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Zixuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing and Safety Control, National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Huanhuan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing and Safety Control, National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Yue Teng
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing and Safety Control, National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Guopeng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing and Safety Control, National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Jiaxiu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing and Safety Control, National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Xiaodong Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing and Safety Control, National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
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12
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Tajasuwan L, Kettawan A, Rungruang T, Wunjuntuk K, Prombutara P. Role of Dietary Defatted Rice Bran in the Modulation of Gut Microbiota in AOM/DSS-Induced Colitis-Associated Colorectal Cancer Rat Model. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15061528. [PMID: 36986258 PMCID: PMC10052090 DOI: 10.3390/nu15061528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2023] [Revised: 03/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Defatted rice bran (DRB) is a by-product of rice bran derived after the oil extraction. DRB contains several bioactive compounds, including dietary fiber and phytochemicals. The supplementation with DRB manifests chemopreventive effects in terms of anti-chronic inflammation, anti-cell proliferation, and anti-tumorigenesis in the azoxymethane (AOM) and dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis-associated colorectal cancer (CRC) model in rats. However, little is known about its effect on gut microbiota. Herein, we investigated the effect of DRB on gut microbiota and short chain fatty acid (SCFA) production, colonic goblet cell loss, and mucus layer thickness in the AOM/DSS-induced colitis-associated CRC rat model. The results suggested that DRB enhanced the production of beneficial bacteria (Alloprevotella, Prevotellaceae UCG-001, Ruminococcus, Roseburia, Butyricicoccus) and lessened the production of harmful bacteria (Turicibacter, Clostridium sensu stricto 1, Escherichia-Shigella, Citrobacter) present in colonic feces, mucosa, and tumors. In addition, DRB also assisted the cecal SCFAs (acetate, propionate, butyrate) production. Furthermore, DRB restored goblet cell loss and improved the thickness of the mucus layer in colonic tissue. These findings suggested that DRB could be used as a prebiotic supplement to modulate gut microbiota dysbiosis, which decreases the risks of CRC, therefore encouraging further research on the utilization of DRB in various nutritional health products to promote the health-beneficial bacteria in the colon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laleewan Tajasuwan
- Graduate Student in Doctor of Philosophy Program in Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital and Institute of Nutrition, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Aikkarach Kettawan
- Institute of Nutrition, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand
| | - Thanaporn Rungruang
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand
| | - Kansuda Wunjuntuk
- Department of Home Economics, Faculty of Agriculture, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
| | - Pinidphon Prombutara
- OMICS Sciences and Bioinformatics Center, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
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13
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Moon HJ, Oh SH, Park KB, Cha YS. Kimchi and Leuconostoc mesenteroides DRC 1506 Alleviate Dextran Sulfate Sodium (DSS)-Induced Colitis via Attenuating Inflammatory Responses. Foods 2023; 12:foods12030584. [PMID: 36766113 PMCID: PMC9914003 DOI: 10.3390/foods12030584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is caused by inflammation only in the mucosa of the colon, and its incidence is increasing worldwide. The intake of probiotics is known to have a beneficial effect on the development of UC. In this study, we investigated the alleviating effects of kimchi (KC), a fermented food rich in probiotics, and Leuconostoc mesenteroides DRC 1506 (DRC) isolated from kimchi on UC. A freeze-dried kimchi suspension and DRC were orally given to mice at a dose of 1 × 109 CFU/day for 3 weeks. Furthermore, 3% dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) in drinking water was given to induce UC. The KC and DRC groups reduced symptoms of colitis, such as disease activity index, decrease in colon length, colon weight-to-length ratio, and pathological damage to the colon caused by DSS treatment. The KC and DRC groups decreased the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokine (TNF-α) and increased anti-inflammatory cytokine (IL-10) in the colon tissues. At the mRNA and protein expression levels in the colon tissue, KC and DRC groups downregulated inflammatory factors and upregulated tight junction-related factors. Therefore, DRC, as well as KC supplementation, are potent in alleviating UC by improving the inflammatory response and mucosal barrier function in the colon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye-Jung Moon
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Suk-Heung Oh
- Department of Food & Biotechnology & Woosuk Institute of Smart Convergence Life Care, Woosuk University, Wanju 55338, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki-Bum Park
- Institute of Kimchi Technology, Daesang Co., Icheon 17384, Republic of Korea
| | - Youn-Soo Cha
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Republic of Korea
- K-Food Research Center, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Republic of Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-63-270-3822
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14
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Yi C, Xu L, Luo C, He H, Ai X, Zhu H. In vitro digestion, fecal fermentation, and gut bacteria regulation of brown rice gel prepared from rice slurry backfilled with rice bran. Food Hydrocoll 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2022.107986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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15
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Tryptamine, a Microbial Metabolite in Fermented Rice Bran Suppressed Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Inflammation in a Murine Macrophage Model. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231911209. [PMID: 36232510 PMCID: PMC9570467 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231911209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Revised: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Fermentation is thought to alter the composition and bioavailability of bioactive compounds in rice bran. However, how this process affects the anti-inflammatory effects of rice bran and the bioactive compounds that might participate in this function is yet to be elucidated. This study aimed to isolate bioactive compounds in fermented rice bran that play a key role in its anti-inflammatory function. The fermented rice bran was fractionated using a succession of solvent and solid-phase extractions. The fermented rice bran fractions were then applied to lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-activated murine macrophages to evaluate their anti-inflammatory activity. The hot water fractions (FRBA), 50% ethanol fractions (FRBB), and n-hexane fractions (FRBC) were all shown to be able to suppress the pro-inflammatory cytokine expression from LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. Subsequent fractions from the hot water fraction (FRBF and FRBE) were also able to reduce the inflammatory response of these cells to LPS. Further investigation revealed that tryptamine, a bacterial metabolite of tryptophan, was abundantly present in these extracts. These results indicate that tryptamine may play an important role in the anti-inflammatory effects of fermented rice bran. Furthermore, the anti-inflammatory effects of FRBE and tryptamine may depend on the activity of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor.
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16
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Ethanol Extracts of Rice Bran and Whole Grain Adlay Seeds Mitigate Colonic Inflammation and Damage in Mice with Colitis. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14183877. [PMID: 36145253 PMCID: PMC9506450 DOI: 10.3390/nu14183877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Revised: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease with frequent relapsing inflammation in the colon. Whole grains have been promoted as healthy and sustainable foods; however, the use of whole gains in UC is inconclusive. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of ethanol extracts of rice bran (RBE) and whole-grain adlay seeds (ADE) on inflammation, oxidative stress, and colonic damage in UC. Male C57BL/6JNarl mice were intra-rectal injected twice with 2,4-dinitrobenzene sulfonic acid to induce (day 0) and reactivate (day 21) UC. Control mice were fed AIN-93M diet (R group) and injected with a vehicle. UC mice were fed AIN-93M diet (UC group) supplemented with RBE (RBE group) or ADE (ADE group) for 21 days. The results showed that the UC group had an increased disease activity index, plasma interleukin (IL)-6 and glutathione levels, microscopic injury scores, and inflammatory cytokine and chemokine levels in the colon and decreased colonic claudin-4 compared to the R group. RBE and ADE supplementation significantly reduced UC-elevated plasma IL-6 and colonic glutathione and pro-inflammatory cytokines and a chemokine. In addition, RBE and ADE supplementation significantly decreased T-helper-cell-associated cytokines in the plasma and colon. Moreover, RBE supplementation increased colonic IL-10 and tight junction protein claudin-4 levels, and ADE supplementation alleviated diarrhea in UC mice. In conclusion, these results suggest that RBE and ADE may mitigate colonic inflammation, oxidative stress, and damage in UC relapse.
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17
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Chen S, Hao M, Zhang L. Antidiarrheal Effect of Fermented Millet Bran on Diarrhea Induced by Senna Leaf in Mice. Foods 2022; 11:foods11142082. [PMID: 35885325 PMCID: PMC9319306 DOI: 10.3390/foods11142082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Revised: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacillus natto is a kind of probiotic with various functional characteristics, which can produce a lot of nutrients during growth and reproduction. Bacillus natto was used as strain, the number of viable bacteria and the content of soluble dietary fiber in millet bran were used as indexes to study the effects of inoculum size, fermentation time, and fermentation temperature on the fermentation effect, and the optimal fermentation conditions were determined by a response surface experiment. The antidiarrhea effect of fermented millet bran prepared under the best technological conditions was evaluated. The results showed that the optimum fermentation conditions were as follows: inoculum size was 7.48%, fermentation time was 47.04 h, and fermentation temperature was 36.06 °C. Under the optimal fermentation conditions, the viable bacteria count of millet bran was 8.03 log CFU/mL and the soluble dietary fiber content was 12.14%. The fermented millet bran can significantly reduce the intestinal thrust rate and serum levels of IL-6, IL-12, and TNF-α, and significantly increase the secretion of SIgA in the intestinal mucosa, which can relieve diarrhea induced by senna leaf in mice. The results of this study can provide the scientific basis for deep processing of millet bran and efficient utilization of fermented millet bran, and also provide the theoretical basis for clinical treatment of diarrhea.
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18
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Chen TY, Chen YL, Chiu WC, Yeh CL, Tung YT, Shirakawa H, Liao WT, Yang SC. Effects of the Water Extract of Fermented Rice Bran on Liver Damage and Intestinal Injury in Aged Rats with High-Fat Diet Feeding. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:607. [PMID: 35270077 PMCID: PMC8912322 DOI: 10.3390/plants11050607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Revised: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the protective effects of the water extract of fermented rice bran (FRB) on liver damage and intestinal injury in old rats fed a high-fat (HF) diet. Rice bran (RB) was fermented with Aspergillus kawachii, and FRB was produced based on a previous study. Male Sprague Dawley rats at 36 weeks of age were allowed free access to a standard rodent diet and water for 8 weeks of acclimation then randomly divided into four groups (six rats/group), including a normal control (NC) group (normal diet), HF group (HF diet; 60% of total calories from fat), HF + 1% FRB group (HF diet + 1% FRB w/w), and HF + 5% FRB group (HF diet + 5% FRB w/w). It was found that the antioxidant ability of FRB was significantly increased when compared to RB. After 8 weeks of feeding, the HF group exhibited liver damage including an increased non-alcoholic fatty liver disease score (hepatic steatosis and inflammation) and higher interleukin (IL)-1β levels, while these were attenuated in the FRB-treated groups. Elevated plasma leptin levels were also found in the HF group, but the level was down-regulated by FRB treatment. An altered gut microbiotic composition was observed in the HF group, while beneficial bacteria including of the Lactobacillaceae and Lachnospiraceae had increased after FRB supplementation. In conclusion, it was found that FRB had higher anti-oxidative ability and showed the potential for preventing liver damage induced by a HF diet, which might be achieved through regulating imbalanced adipokines and maintaining a healthier microbiotic composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting-Yu Chen
- Graduate Institute of Metabolism and Obesity Sciences, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan;
| | - Ya-Ling Chen
- School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; (Y.-L.C.); (W.-C.C.); (C.-L.Y.)
| | - Wan-Chun Chiu
- School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; (Y.-L.C.); (W.-C.C.); (C.-L.Y.)
| | - Chiu-Li Yeh
- School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; (Y.-L.C.); (W.-C.C.); (C.-L.Y.)
| | - Yu-Tang Tung
- Graduate Institute of Biotechnology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan;
| | - Hitoshi Shirakawa
- Laboratory of Nutrition, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8857, Japan;
| | - Wei-Tzu Liao
- Chian-E Biomedical Technology Corporation, Taipei 11031, Taiwan;
| | - Suh-Ching Yang
- Graduate Institute of Metabolism and Obesity Sciences, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan;
- School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; (Y.-L.C.); (W.-C.C.); (C.-L.Y.)
- Research Center of Geriatric Nutrition, College of Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- Nutrition Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
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19
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Rahabi M, Salon M, Bruno-Bonnet C, Prat M, Jacquemin G, Benmoussa K, Alaeddine M, Parny M, Bernad J, Bertrand B, Auffret Y, Robert-Jolimaître P, Alric L, Authier H, Coste A. Bioactive fish collagen peptides weaken intestinal inflammation by orienting colonic macrophages phenotype through mannose receptor activation. Eur J Nutr 2022; 61:2051-2066. [PMID: 34999930 PMCID: PMC9106617 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-021-02787-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Particular interest is now given to the potential of dietary supplements as alternative non-pharmacological approaches in intestinal inflammation handling. In this aim, this study evaluates the efficiency of fish collagen peptides, Naticol®Gut, on colonic inflammation. METHODS Wild type and Mannose receptor-deficient in the myeloid lineage C57BL/6 mice were administered with Dextran Sodium Sulfate (DSS), Naticol®Gut, DSS, and Naticol®Gut or only water for 4 or 8 days. Inflammatory status was evaluated by establishing macroscopic and microscopic scores, by measuring cytokine and calprotectin production by ELISA and the myeloperoxidase activity by chemiluminescence. Colonic macrophages were phenotyped by measuring mRNA levels of specific markers of inflammation and oxidative status. Colonic immune populations and T-cell activation profiles were determined by flow cytometry. Mucosa-associated gut microbiota assessment was undertaken by qPCR. The phenotype of human blood monocytes from inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) subjects was characterized by RT-qPCR and flow cytometry and their oxidative activity by chemiluminescence. RESULTS Naticol®Gut-treated DSS mice showed attenuated colonic inflammation compared to mice that were only exposed to DSS. Naticol®Gut activity was displayed through its ability to orient the polarization of colonic macrophage towards an anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant phenotype after its recognition by the mannose receptor. Subsequently, Naticol®Gut delivery modulated CD4 T cells in favor of a Th2 response and dampened CD8 T-cell activation. This immunomodulation resulted in an intestinal eubiosis. In human monocytes from IBD subjects, the treatment with Naticol®Gut also restored an anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant phenotype. CONCLUSION Naticol®Gut acts as a protective agent against colitis appearing as a new functional food and an innovative and complementary approach in gut health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mouna Rahabi
- UMR 152 Pharma Dev, Université de Toulouse, IRD, UPS, Toulouse, France.,RESTORE Research Center, Université de Toulouse, INSERM, CNRS, EFS, ENVT, Université P. Sabatier, Toulouse, France.,Weishardt International, Rond-Point Georges Jolimaître, BP 259, 81305, Graulhet, France
| | - Marie Salon
- UMR 152 Pharma Dev, Université de Toulouse, IRD, UPS, Toulouse, France.,RESTORE Research Center, Université de Toulouse, INSERM, CNRS, EFS, ENVT, Université P. Sabatier, Toulouse, France.,Weishardt International, Rond-Point Georges Jolimaître, BP 259, 81305, Graulhet, France
| | | | - Mélissa Prat
- UMR 152 Pharma Dev, Université de Toulouse, IRD, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Godefroy Jacquemin
- UMR 152 Pharma Dev, Université de Toulouse, IRD, UPS, Toulouse, France.,RESTORE Research Center, Université de Toulouse, INSERM, CNRS, EFS, ENVT, Université P. Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Khaddouj Benmoussa
- UMR 152 Pharma Dev, Université de Toulouse, IRD, UPS, Toulouse, France.,RESTORE Research Center, Université de Toulouse, INSERM, CNRS, EFS, ENVT, Université P. Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Mohamad Alaeddine
- UMR 152 Pharma Dev, Université de Toulouse, IRD, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Mélissa Parny
- UMR 152 Pharma Dev, Université de Toulouse, IRD, UPS, Toulouse, France.,RESTORE Research Center, Université de Toulouse, INSERM, CNRS, EFS, ENVT, Université P. Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - José Bernad
- UMR 152 Pharma Dev, Université de Toulouse, IRD, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Bénédicte Bertrand
- UMR 152 Pharma Dev, Université de Toulouse, IRD, UPS, Toulouse, France.,RESTORE Research Center, Université de Toulouse, INSERM, CNRS, EFS, ENVT, Université P. Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Yannick Auffret
- Weishardt International, Rond-Point Georges Jolimaître, BP 259, 81305, Graulhet, France
| | | | - Laurent Alric
- UMR 152 Pharma Dev, Université de Toulouse, IRD, UPS, Toulouse, France.,RESTORE Research Center, Université de Toulouse, INSERM, CNRS, EFS, ENVT, Université P. Sabatier, Toulouse, France.,Department of Internal Medicine and Digestive Diseases, Pôle Digestif, CHU Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Hélène Authier
- UMR 152 Pharma Dev, Université de Toulouse, IRD, UPS, Toulouse, France.,RESTORE Research Center, Université de Toulouse, INSERM, CNRS, EFS, ENVT, Université P. Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Agnès Coste
- UMR 152 Pharma Dev, Université de Toulouse, IRD, UPS, Toulouse, France. .,RESTORE Research Center, Université de Toulouse, INSERM, CNRS, EFS, ENVT, Université P. Sabatier, Toulouse, France.
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20
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Tochitani S, Maehara Y, Kawase T, Tsukahara T, Shimizu R, Watanabe T, Maehara K, Asaoka K, Matsuzaki H. Fermented rice bran supplementation ameliorates obesity via gut microbiota and metabolism modification in female mice. J Clin Biochem Nutr 2022; 70:160-174. [PMID: 35400825 PMCID: PMC8921717 DOI: 10.3164/jcbn.21-96] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigated the effects of fermented rice bran (FRB) administration in two groups of C57BL/6J mice. The first group was fed with a high-fat diet, and the second group was fed with a high-fat diet supplemented with the FRB for 8 weeks. FRB supplementation suppressed the high-fat-induced weight gain and considerable alterations in the intestinal microbiota profile in the second group. Among 27 bacterial genera detected in the FRB, only Enterococcus, Lactobacillus, Bacteroides, Prevotella, and the unclassified family Peptostreptococcaceae were detected in mice feces. Their abundances were not particularly increased by FRB supplementation. The abundances of Enterococcus and the unclassified family Peptostreptococcaceae were even suppressed in the second group, suggesting that FRB supplementation didn’t cause an addition of beneficial microbiome but inhibit the proliferation of specific bacteria. Fecal succinic acid concentration was significantly decreased in the second group and highly correlated with the relative abundances of Turicibacter, Enterococcus, and the unclassified family Peptostreptococcaceae. A significant increase in fumaric acid and a decrease in xylitol, sorbitol, uracil, glutamic acid, and malic acid levels were observed in the peripheral blood of the second group. FRB supplementation counteracted the high-fat-induced obesity in mice by modulating the gut microbiota and the host metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiro Tochitani
- Department of Radiological Technology, Faculty of Health Science, Suzuka University of Medical Science
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Hideo Matsuzaki
- Research Center for Child Mental Development, University of Fukui
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21
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Islam J, Agista AZ, Watanabe K, Nochi T, Aso H, Ohsaki Y, Koseki T, Komai M, Shirakawa H. Fermented rice bran supplementation attenuates chronic colitis-associated extraintestinal manifestations in female C57BL/6N mice. J Nutr Biochem 2022; 99:108855. [PMID: 34517096 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2021.108855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Revised: 04/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) have higher incidence of extraintestinal manifestations (EIM), including liver disorders, sarcopenia, and neuroinflammation. Fermented rice bran (FRB), generated from rice bran (RB), is rich in bioactive compounds, and exhibits anti-colitis activity. However, its role in EIM prevention is still unclear. Here, for the first time, we investigated whether EIM in female C57Bl/6N mice is attenuated by FRB supplementation. EIM was induced by repeated administration of 1.5% dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) in drinking water (4 d) followed by drinking water (12 d). Mice were divided into 3 groups-control (AIN93M), 10% RB, and 10% FRB. FRB ameliorated relapsing colitis and inflammation in muscle by significantly lowering proinflammatory cytokines Tnf-α and Il-6 in serum and advanced glycation end product-specific receptor (Ager) in serum and muscle when compared with the RB and control groups. As FRB reduced aspartate aminotransferase levels and oxidative stress, it might prevent liver disorders. FRB downregulated proinflammatory cytokine and chemokine transcripts responsible for neuroinflammation in the hippocampus and upregulated mRNA expression of G protein coupled receptors (GPRs), Gpr41 and Gpr43, in small and large intestines, which may explain the FRB-mediated protective mechanism. Hence, FRB can be used as a supplement to prevent IBD-associated EIM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jahidul Islam
- Laboratory of Nutrition, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan; International Education and Research Center for Food and Agricultural Immunology, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan.
| | - Afifah Zahra Agista
- Laboratory of Nutrition, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Kouichi Watanabe
- International Education and Research Center for Food and Agricultural Immunology, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan; Laboratory of Functional Morphology, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Tomonori Nochi
- International Education and Research Center for Food and Agricultural Immunology, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan; Laboratory of Functional Morphology, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Hisashi Aso
- International Education and Research Center for Food and Agricultural Immunology, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan; Laboratory of Functional Morphology, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Yusuke Ohsaki
- Laboratory of Nutrition, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan; International Education and Research Center for Food and Agricultural Immunology, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Takuya Koseki
- Faculty of Agriculture, Yamagata University, Tsuruoka, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Michio Komai
- Laboratory of Nutrition, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Shirakawa
- Laboratory of Nutrition, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan; International Education and Research Center for Food and Agricultural Immunology, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
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22
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Huang Y, Zhou P, Liu S, Duan W, Zhang Q, Lu Y, Wei X. Metabolome and microbiome of chronic periapical periodontitis in permanent anterior teeth: a pilot study. BMC Oral Health 2021; 21:599. [PMID: 34814909 PMCID: PMC8609808 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-021-01972-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Periapical periodontitis is a common oral inflammatory disease that affects periapical tissues and is caused by bacteria in the root canal system. The relationship among the local metabolome, the inflammatory grade, and the type and abundance of microorganisms associated with periapical periodontitis is discussed in this study. Methods The inflammatory grades of periapical samples from 47 patients with chronic periapical periodontitis in permanent anterior teeth were determined based on the immune cell densities in tissues subjected to haematoxylin and eosin staining. The metabolome was evaluated using ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry, followed by principal component analysis and orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis. The microbiome was accessed using 16 S rRNA high-throughput sequencing. The differences in the metabolomes and microbiomes of the periapical periodontitis samples were assessed using Spearman’s correlation analysis. Result N-acetyl-D-glucosamine, L-tryptophan, L-phenylalanine, and 15 other metabolites were identified by the comparison between samples with severe inflammation and mild or moderate inflammation. Four amino acid metabolism pathways and one sugar metabolism pathway were associated with the inflammatory grade of periapical periodontitis. The abundance of Actinomycetes was negatively correlated with the abundance of glucosamine (GlcN), while the abundance of Tannerella was positively correlated with the abundance of L-methionine. Conclusions The local metabolome of periapical periodontitis is correlated with the inflammatory grade. The abundance of the local metabolites GlcN and L-methionine is correlated with the abundance of the major microorganisms Actinomycetes and Tannerella, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Huang
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Stomatological Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.,Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Peng Zhou
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Stomatological Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.,Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Siqi Liu
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Stomatological Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.,Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Wei Duan
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Stomatological Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.,Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Qinqin Zhang
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Stomatological Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.,Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Ying Lu
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Stomatological Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.,Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Xin Wei
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Stomatological Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China. .,Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China. .,Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational Medicine, Nanjing, China.
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23
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Abstract
Rice bran is a by-product of the rice milling process, which refers to the processing of brown rice into polished rice. It contains a considerable amount of functional bioactive compounds. However, the utilization of these compounds is limited and calls for an effort to ferment rice bran. One of the methods that can significantly increase the added value of rice bran as well as its bioactivity is the solid-state fermentation. It can also be one of the strategies that help in the production of rice bran as a functional ingredient with higher bioactivity for health promotion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ardiansyah
- Department of Food Technology, Universitas Bakrie
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24
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Ghimire S, Wongkuna S, Sankaranarayanan R, Ryan EP, Bhat GJ, Scaria J. Positive Synergistic Effects of Quercetin and Rice Bran on Human Gut Microbiota Reduces Enterobacteriaceae Family Abundance and Elevates Propionate in a Bioreactor Model. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:751225. [PMID: 34659185 PMCID: PMC8516403 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.751225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Dietary fiber and flavonoids have substantial influence on the human gut microbiota composition that significantly impact health. Recent studies with dietary supplements such as quercetin and rice bran have shown beneficial impacts on the host alongside a positive influence of the gut microbiota. The specific bacterial species impacted by quercetin or rice bran in the diet is not well understood. In this study, we used a minibioreactor array system as a model to determine the effect of quercetin and rice bran individually, as well as in combination, on gut microbiota without the confounding host factors. We found that rice bran exerts higher shift in gut microbiome composition when compared to quercetin. At the species level, Acidaminococcus intestini was the only significantly enriched taxa when quercetin was supplemented, while 15 species were enriched in rice bran supplementation and 13 were enriched when quercetin and rice bran were supplemented in combination. When comparing the short chain fatty acid production, quercetin supplementation increased isobutyrate production while propionate dominated the quercetin and rice bran combined group. Higher levels of propionate were highly correlated to the lower abundance of the potentially pathogenic Enterobacteriaceae family. These findings suggest that the combination of quercetin and rice bran serve to enrich beneficial bacteria and reduce potential opportunistic pathogens. In vivo studies are necessary to determine how this synergy of quercetin and rice bran on microbiota impact host health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudeep Ghimire
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD, United States.,South Dakota Center for Biologics Research and Commercialization, Brookings, SD, United States
| | - Supapit Wongkuna
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD, United States.,South Dakota Center for Biologics Research and Commercialization, Brookings, SD, United States
| | - Ranjini Sankaranarayanan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD, United States
| | - Elizabeth P Ryan
- Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States
| | - G Jayarama Bhat
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD, United States
| | - Joy Scaria
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD, United States.,South Dakota Center for Biologics Research and Commercialization, Brookings, SD, United States
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25
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Li S, Wang T, Fu W, Kennett M, Cox AD, Lee D, Vanamala JKP, Reddivari L. Role of Gut Microbiota in the Anti-Colitic Effects of Anthocyanin-Containing Potatoes. Mol Nutr Food Res 2021; 65:e2100152. [PMID: 34633750 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202100152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Revised: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
SCOPE Anthocyanin-containing potatoes exert anti-inflammatory activity in colitic mice. Gut bacterial dysbiosis plays a critical role in ulcerative colitis. This study examined the extent to which the anti-colitic activity of anthocyanin-containing red/purple-fleshed potatoes depends on the gut bacteria using a chemically-induced rodent model of colitis with the intact and antibiotic-ablated microbiome. METHODS AND RESULTS Four-week-old male mice (C57BL6) are randomly assigned to the control diet or 20% purple-/red-fleshed potatoes supplemented diet group. The microbiota-ablated group received an antibiotic cocktail in drinking water. At week nine, colitis is induced by 2% dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) in drinking water for five days. Administration of antibiotics resulted in a 95% reduction in gut bacterial load and fecal SCFAs. DSS-induced elevated gut permeability and body weight loss are more pronounced in antibiotic mice compared to non-antibiotic mice. Purple- or red-fleshed potato supplementation (20% w/w) ameliorated DSS-induced reduction in colon length and mucin 2 expression levels, and increase in permeability, spleen weight, myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, and inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, IL-17, and IL1-β) expression levels in non-antibiotic mice, but not in gut microbiota ablated mice. CONCLUSIONS Anthocyanin-containing potatoes are potent in alleviating colitis, and the gut microbiome is critical for the anti-colitic activity of anthocyanin-containing potatoes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiyu Li
- Department of Food Science, Purdue University, 745 Agriculture Mall Drive, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Tianmin Wang
- Department of Plant Science, Penn State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Wenyi Fu
- Department of Food Science, Purdue University, 745 Agriculture Mall Drive, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Mary Kennett
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, Penn State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Abigail D Cox
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, 625 Harrison Street, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Dale Lee
- Seattle Children's Hospital, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98105, USA
| | - Jairam K P Vanamala
- Department of Food Science, Penn State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Lavanya Reddivari
- Department of Food Science, Purdue University, 745 Agriculture Mall Drive, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
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26
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Park S, Chang HC, Lee JJ. Rice Bran Fermented with Kimchi-Derived Lactic Acid Bacteria Prevents Metabolic Complications in Mice on a High-Fat and -Cholesterol Diet. Foods 2021; 10:foods10071501. [PMID: 34203398 PMCID: PMC8303271 DOI: 10.3390/foods10071501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Revised: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
This aim of this study was to investigate the potential beneficial effects of rice bran powder, fermented by Weissella koreensis DB1 isolated from kimchi, to protect against obesity and dyslipidemia induced by a high-fat and high-cholesterol diet, in a mouse model. Male mice were fed a modified AIN-93M diet containing high fat/high-cholesterol (HFCD), or same diet supplemented with non-fermented rice bran powder (HFCD-RB) or fermented rice bran powder (HFCD-FRB) for 10 weeks. In the HFCD-FRB group, body weight, liver and white fat pads weights, triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), non-high-density lipopreotein cholesterol (non-HDL-C), insulin, glucose and leptine levels in serum, TG levels and the ratio of fat droplets in the liver, TG levels and fat cell size in adipose tissue were decreased, and (high-density lipopreotein cholesterol) HDL-C and adiponectin levels in serum were increased, compared with the HFCD group. The HFCD-FRB group had significantly lower CCAAT-enhancer-binding potein α (C/EBPα), sterol regulatory element-binding transcription protein-1c (SREBP-1c), fatty acid synthase (FAS), and acetyl CoA carboxylase (ACC) gene expression when compared to the HFCD group. The anti-obesity and hypolipidemic effects were marginally greater in the HFCD-FRB group than in the HFCD-RB group. These results suggest that fermented rice bran powder by Weissella koreensis DB1 may have potential beneficial effects on the obesity-related abnormalities and the dysfunction of lipid metabolism.
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27
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Ai X, Wu C, Yin T, Zhur O, Liu C, Yan X, Yi C, Liu D, Xiao L, Li W, Xie B, He H. Antidiabetic Function of Lactobacillus fermentum MF423-Fermented Rice Bran and Its Effect on Gut Microbiota Structure in Type 2 Diabetic Mice. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:682290. [PMID: 34248898 PMCID: PMC8266379 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.682290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Rice bran is an industrial byproduct that exerts several bioactivities despite its limited bioavailability. In this study, rice bran fermented with Lactobacillus fermentum MF423 (FLRB) had enhanced antidiabetic effects both in vitro and in vivo. FLRB could increase glucose consumption and decrease lipid accumulation in insulin resistant HepG2 cells. Eight weeks of FLRB treatment significantly reduced the levels of blood glucose and lipids and elevated antioxidant activity in type 2 diabetic mellitus (T2DM) mice. H&E staining revealed alleviation of overt lesions in the livers of FLRB-treated mice. Moreover, high-throughput sequencing showed notable variation in the composition of gut microbiota in FLRB-treated mice, especially for short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs)-producing bacteria such as Dubosiella and Lactobacillus. In conclusion, our results suggested that rice bran fermentation products can modulate the intestinal microbiota and improve T2DM-related biochemical abnormalities, so they can be applied as potential probiotics or dietary supplements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojuan Ai
- School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Cuiling Wu
- Department of Biochemistry, Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, China
| | - Tingting Yin
- School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Olena Zhur
- School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Congling Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiaotao Yan
- School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - CuiPing Yi
- School of Chemistry and Biology Engineering, Changsha University of Science and Technology, Changsha, China
| | - Dan Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Preclinical Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Linhu Xiao
- School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Wenkai Li
- School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Binbin Xie
- Microbial Technology Institute and State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Hailun He
- School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
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28
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Fermented Rice Bran Supplementation Prevents the Development of Intestinal Fibrosis Due to DSS-Induced Inflammation in Mice. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13061869. [PMID: 34070845 PMCID: PMC8229226 DOI: 10.3390/nu13061869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Revised: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Fermented rice bran (FRB) is known to protect mice intestines against dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced inflammation; however, the restoration of post-colitis intestinal homeostasis using FRB supplementation is currently undocumented. In this study, we observed the effects of dietary FRB supplementation on intestinal restoration and the development of fibrosis after DSS-induced colitis. DSS (1.5%) was introduced in the drinking water of mice for 5 days. Eight mice were sacrificed immediately after the DSS treatment ended. The remaining mice were divided into three groups, comprising the following diets: control, 10% rice bran (RB), and 10% FRB-supplemented. Diet treatment was continued for 2 weeks, after which half the population of mice from each group was sacrificed. The experiment was continued for another 3 weeks before the remaining mice were sacrificed. FRB supplementation could reduce the general observation of colitis and production of intestinal pro-inflammatory cytokines. FRB also increased intestinal mRNA levels of anti-inflammatory cytokine, tight junction, and anti-microbial proteins. Furthermore, FRB supplementation suppressed markers of intestinal fibrosis. This effect might have been achieved via the canonical Smad2/3 activation and the non-canonical pathway of Tgf-β activity. These results suggest that FRB may be an alternative therapeutic agent against inflammation-induced intestinal fibrosis.
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29
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Role of Short Chain Fatty Acids and Apolipoproteins in the Regulation of Eosinophilia-Associated Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22094377. [PMID: 33922158 PMCID: PMC8122716 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22094377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 04/17/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Eosinophils are key components of our host defense and potent effectors in allergic and inflammatory diseases. Once recruited to the inflammatory site, eosinophils release their cytotoxic granule proteins as well as cytokines and lipid mediators, contributing to parasite clearance but also to exacerbation of inflammation and tissue damage. However, eosinophils have recently been shown to play an important homeostatic role in different tissues under steady state. Despite the tremendous progress in the treatment of eosinophilic disorders with the implementation of biologics, there is an unmet need for novel therapies that specifically target the cytotoxic effector functions of eosinophils without completely depleting this multifunctional immune cell type. Recent studies have uncovered several endogenous molecules that decrease eosinophil migration and activation. These include short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) such as butyrate, which are produced in large quantities in the gastrointestinal tract by commensal bacteria and enter the systemic circulation. In addition, high-density lipoprotein-associated anti-inflammatory apolipoproteins have recently been shown to attenuate eosinophil migration and activation. Here, we focus on the anti-pathogenic properties of SCFAs and apolipoproteins on eosinophil effector function and provide insights into the potential use of SCFAs and apolipoproteins (and their mimetics) as effective agents to combat eosinophilic inflammation.
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30
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Hong SM, Kang MC, Jin M, Lee TH, Lim BO, Kim SY. Fermented blueberry and black rice containing Lactobacillus plantarum MG4221: a novel functional food for particulate matter (PM 2.5)/dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB)-induced atopic dermatitis. Food Funct 2021; 12:3611-3623. [PMID: 33900308 DOI: 10.1039/d0fo02966a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Particulate matter (PM2.5) is a risk factor for the deterioration of atopic dermatitis (AD) and certain constituents of PM2.5 can induce inflammation via oxidative stress. Natural functional foods, including antioxidative blueberry and black rice, can be the best alternative for the development of AD therapy. Thus, we investigated whether PM2.5 regulated the expression of proinflammatory cytokines involved in the progression of AD and further investigated the improvement effect of fermented blueberry and black rice extract (FBBBR) containing Lactobacillus plantarum MG4221 in vitro and in vivo. The FBBBR treatment significantly ameliorated skin inflammation compared with the control treatments via regulation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)/nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) pathways in PM2.5-treated HaCaT cells. In PM2.5/dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB)-treated NC/Nga mice, the oral administration of FBBBR significantly decreased transepidermal water loss and erythema, the incidence of scratching behavior, and the production of serum immunoglobin E and T helper 2-associated cytokine and, similar to dexamethasone treatment, up-regulated the protein expression of filaggrin and involucrin in skin tissue. Syringic acid and kuromanin, standard compounds found in FBBBR, significantly decreased the interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6 and IL-8 levels in PM2.5-treated HaCaT cells. Therefore, we can suggest that FBBBR may serve as an important functional food for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seong Min Hong
- College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, #191, Hambakmoero, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 21936, Republic of Korea.
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31
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Periplaneta americana Oligosaccharides Exert Anti-Inflammatory Activity through Immunoregulation and Modulation of Gut Microbiota in Acute Colitis Mice Model. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26061718. [PMID: 33808686 PMCID: PMC8003390 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26061718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Revised: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The incidence and prevalence of inflammatory bowel disorders (IBD) are increasing around the world due to bacterial infection, abnormal immune response, etc. The conventional medicines for IBD treatment possess serious side effects. Periplaneta americana (P. americana), a traditional Chinese medicine, has been used to treat arthritis, fever, aches, inflammation, and other diseases. This study aimed to evaluate the anti-inflammatory effects of oligosaccharides from P. Americana (OPA) and its possible mechanisms in vivo. OPA were purified and biochemical characterization was analyzed by HPGPC, HPLC, FT-IR, and GC–MS. Acute colitis mice model was established, the acute toxicity and anti-inflammatory activity were tested in vivo. The results showed OPA with molecular mass of 1.0 kDa were composed of 83% glucose, 6% galactose, 11% xylose, and the backbone was (1→4)-Glcp. OPA had potent antioxidant activities in vitro and significantly alleviated the clinical symptoms of colitis, relieved colon damage without toxic side effects in vivo. OPA exhibited anti-inflammatory activity by regulating Th1/Th2, reducing oxidative stress, preserving intestinal barrier integrity, and inhibiting TLR4/MAPK/NF-κB pathway. Moreover, OPA protected gut by increasing microbial diversity and beneficial bacteria, and reducing pathogenic bacteria in feces. OPA might be the candidate of complementary and alternative medicines of IBD with low-cost and high safety.
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Protective Effect of Prunus mume Fermented with Mixed Lactic Acid Bacteria in Dextran Sodium Sulfate-Induced Colitis. Foods 2020; 10:foods10010058. [PMID: 33383792 PMCID: PMC7823353 DOI: 10.3390/foods10010058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Revised: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The fruit of Prunus mume (PM) is widely cultivated in East Asia, and it has been used as a folk medication for gastrointestinal disorders, e.g., diarrhea, stomach ache and ulceration. In this study, the pectinase-treated PM juice (PJ) was fermented with Lactobacillus strains containing fundamental organic acids and free amino acids. The PJ fermented with Lactobacillus plantarum and L. casei (FP) was investigated for its protective effect in dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis mice model. The administration of FP reduced lipid peroxidation and histopathological colitis symptoms, e.g., shortening of the colon length, depletion of mucin, epithelial injury and ulceration, in colonic tissues. The FP-supplemented group showed the alleviation of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Compared with the DSS control group, the supplementation of FP significantly reduced the levels of serum interferon-γ (IFN-γ), interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, IL-12 and IL-17 as well as colonic tumor necrosis factor-α, IFN-γ, IL-12 and IL-17. Furthermore, the DSS-induced TUNEL-positive area was significantly reduced by the FP supplementation. These results show that the supplementation of FP fermented with mixed lactic acid bacteria, L. plantarum and L. casei, elucidated the protective effect in DSS-induced colitis mice. Hence, this study suggests that FP can be utilized as a natural therapeutic agent for colitis and intestinal inflammation.
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The effects of resistant starches on inflammatory bowel disease in preclinical and clinical settings: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Gastroenterol 2020; 20:372. [PMID: 33167889 PMCID: PMC7653724 DOI: 10.1186/s12876-020-01516-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a debilitating chronic disease with limited treatment options. Resistant starches may represent a novel treatment for IBD. However, its efficacy and safety remain unclear. Our objective was to perform a systematic review to summarize the preclinical and clinical effects of resistant starch, which may help guide future studies. Methods Medline, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Central Register were searched. Included studies investigated the use of resistant starch therapy in in vivo animal models of IBD or human patients with IBD. Articles were screened, and data extracted, independently and in duplicate. The primary outcomes were clinical remission (clinical) and bowel mucosal damage (preclinical). Results 21 preclinical (n = 989 animals) and seven clinical (n = 164 patients) studies met eligibility. Preclinically, resistant starch was associated with a significant reduction in bowel mucosal damage compared to placebo (standardized mean difference − 1.83, 95% CI − 2.45 to − 1.20). Clinically, five studies reported data on clinical remission but clinical and methodological heterogeneity precluded pooling. In all five, a positive effect was seen in patients who consumed resistant starch supplemented diets. The majority of studies in both the preclinical and clinical settings were at a high or unclear risk of bias due to poor methodological reporting. Conclusions Our review demonstrates that resistant starch is associated with reduced histology damage in animal studies, and improvements in clinical remission in IBD patients. These results need to be tempered by the risk of bias of included studies. Rigorously designed preclinical and clinical studies are warranted. Trial registration The review protocols were registered on PROSPERO (preclinical: CRD42019130896; clinical: CRD42019129513).
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Resistant Maltodextrin Alleviates Dextran Sulfate Sodium-Induced Intestinal Inflammatory Injury by Increasing Butyric Acid to Inhibit Proinflammatory Cytokine Levels. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 2020:7694734. [PMID: 33015180 PMCID: PMC7519446 DOI: 10.1155/2020/7694734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2020] [Revised: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), one kind of intestinal chronic inflammatory disease, is characterized by colonic epithelial barrier injury, overproduction of proinflammatory cytokines, and fewer short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). The present study is aimed at testing the hypothesis that resistant maltodextrin (RM), a soluble dietary fiber produced by starch debranching, alleviated dextran sulfate sodium- (DSS-) induced colitis in mice. Female C57BL/6 mice with or without oral administration of 50 mg/kg RM for 19 days were challenged with 3% DSS in drinking water to induce colitis (from day 14 to day 19). Although RM could not reverse DSS-induced weight loss or colon shortening, it reduced inflammatory cell infiltration and epithelial damage in colon tissue, as well as the transfer of intestinal permeability indicators including serum diamine oxidase (DAO) and D-lactic acid (D-LA). ELISA analysis indicated that RM significantly suppressed the increase of Th1 cytokines induced by DSS in the colon such as tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interferon-γ (IFN-γ). The levels of proinflammatory cytokines interleukin-1β (IL-1β), IL-17, and IL-8 in the DSS group were significantly higher than those in the control group and RM group, but no significant difference was observed in the RM-DSS group compared with the RM group. Interestingly, IL-10 levels of the DSS group were significantly higher than those of the other groups. With respect to SCFAs, DSS administration significantly decreased the concentration of faecal butyric acid while the RM-DSS group showed a tendency to increase (P = 0.08). In general, RM alleviated dextran sulfate sodium-induced intestinal inflammation through increasing the level of butyric acid and subsequently inhibiting the expression of proinflammatory cytokines.
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Yue GGL, Gao S, Lee JKM, Chan YY, Wong ECW, Zheng T, Li XX, Shaw PC, Simmonds MSJ, Lau CBS. A Natural Flavone Tricin from Grains Can Alleviate Tumor Growth and Lung Metastasis in Colorectal Tumor Mice. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25163730. [PMID: 32824166 PMCID: PMC7463810 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25163730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Revised: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Tricin, a flavone isolated from rice bran, has been shown to be chemopreventive in a colorectal cancer (CRC) mouse model. This study aimed to illustrate the inhibitory activities of tricin in colon cancer cells and in a metastatic CRC mouse model. BALB/c mice injected with mouse Colon26-Luc cells into the rectum wall were treated with tricin (37.5 mg/kg) daily for 18 days. Orthotopic colon tumor growth and metastasis to lungs were assessed by in vivo bioluminescence imaging. Results showed that tricin suppressed Colon-Luc cells motility and downregulated phosphorylated Akt, Erk1/2 and NF-κB expressions of human colon cancer HT-29 cells. While tricin treatment suppressed tumor growth and lung metastasis as well as altered the populations of myeloid-derived suppressor cells and regulatory T cells in spleens. In summary, the tumor microenvironment modulatory and anti-metastatic effects of tricin in colon cancer mouse model were shown for the first time, suggesting the potential development of tricin-containing food supplements for CRC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grace Gar-Lee Yue
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China; (G.G.-L.Y.); (S.G.); (J.K.-M.L.); (E.C.-W.W.); (T.Z.); (P.-C.S.)
- State Key Laboratory of Research on Bioactivities and Clinical Applications of Medicinal Plants, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Si Gao
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China; (G.G.-L.Y.); (S.G.); (J.K.-M.L.); (E.C.-W.W.); (T.Z.); (P.-C.S.)
- State Key Laboratory of Research on Bioactivities and Clinical Applications of Medicinal Plants, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Julia Kin-Ming Lee
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China; (G.G.-L.Y.); (S.G.); (J.K.-M.L.); (E.C.-W.W.); (T.Z.); (P.-C.S.)
- State Key Laboratory of Research on Bioactivities and Clinical Applications of Medicinal Plants, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yuk-Yu Chan
- Li Dak Sum Yip Yio Chin R&D Centre for Chinese Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China;
| | - Eric Chun-Wai Wong
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China; (G.G.-L.Y.); (S.G.); (J.K.-M.L.); (E.C.-W.W.); (T.Z.); (P.-C.S.)
- State Key Laboratory of Research on Bioactivities and Clinical Applications of Medicinal Plants, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Tao Zheng
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China; (G.G.-L.Y.); (S.G.); (J.K.-M.L.); (E.C.-W.W.); (T.Z.); (P.-C.S.)
- State Key Laboratory of Research on Bioactivities and Clinical Applications of Medicinal Plants, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xiao-Xiao Li
- Li Dak Sum Yip Yio Chin R&D Centre for Chinese Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China;
| | - Pang-Chui Shaw
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China; (G.G.-L.Y.); (S.G.); (J.K.-M.L.); (E.C.-W.W.); (T.Z.); (P.-C.S.)
- State Key Laboratory of Research on Bioactivities and Clinical Applications of Medicinal Plants, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
- Li Dak Sum Yip Yio Chin R&D Centre for Chinese Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China;
- School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | | | - Clara Bik-San Lau
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China; (G.G.-L.Y.); (S.G.); (J.K.-M.L.); (E.C.-W.W.); (T.Z.); (P.-C.S.)
- State Key Laboratory of Research on Bioactivities and Clinical Applications of Medicinal Plants, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
- Li Dak Sum Yip Yio Chin R&D Centre for Chinese Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +852-3943-6109; Fax: +852-2603-5248
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Rusbana TB, Agista AZ, Saputra WD, Ohsaki Y, Watanabe K, Ardiansyah A, Budijanto S, Koseki T, Aso H, Komai M, Shirakawa H. Supplementation with Fermented Rice Bran Attenuates Muscle Atrophy in a Diabetic Rat Model. Nutrients 2020; 12:E2409. [PMID: 32806520 PMCID: PMC7469067 DOI: 10.3390/nu12082409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Revised: 08/09/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Fermented rice bran (FRB), a prospective supplement, has been proven to ameliorate certain medical conditions. However, its nutraceutical effect on muscle atrophy has never been investigated. The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of FRB on muscle atrophy in a streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rat model. Three groups of Sprague-Dawley rats, namely the control, STZ, and FRB groups, were treated as follows. The diabetic groups (STZ and FRB) were injected intraperitoneally with STZ (40 mg/kg BW), whereas the control group was injected with the vehicle. The STZ and control groups were fed the AIN93M diet, and the FRB group was fed 10% of FRB based on the AIN93M diet. The diabetic groups had reduced muscle size compared to the control group; however, these changes were alleviated in the FRB group. Moreover, the FRB group had a significantly lower expression of FBXO32/Atrogin-1 and TRIM63/MuRF1 (p < 0.05) due to blocked NF-κB activation. In conclusion, the anti-inflammatory effect of FRB may be beneficial for ameliorating muscle atrophy in diabetic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tubagus Bahtiar Rusbana
- Laboratory of Nutrition, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, 468-1 Aramaki Aza Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8572, Japan; (T.B.R.); (A.Z.A.); (W.D.S.); (Y.O.); (M.K.)
- Department of Food Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa, Serang 42110, Indonesia
| | - Afifah Zahra Agista
- Laboratory of Nutrition, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, 468-1 Aramaki Aza Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8572, Japan; (T.B.R.); (A.Z.A.); (W.D.S.); (Y.O.); (M.K.)
| | - Wahyu Dwi Saputra
- Laboratory of Nutrition, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, 468-1 Aramaki Aza Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8572, Japan; (T.B.R.); (A.Z.A.); (W.D.S.); (Y.O.); (M.K.)
| | - Yusuke Ohsaki
- Laboratory of Nutrition, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, 468-1 Aramaki Aza Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8572, Japan; (T.B.R.); (A.Z.A.); (W.D.S.); (Y.O.); (M.K.)
- International Education and Research Center for Food Agricultural Immunology, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, 468-1 Aramaki Aza Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8572, Japan
| | - Kouichi Watanabe
- Cellular Biology Laboratory, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, 468-1 Aramaki Aza Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8572, Japan; (K.W.); (H.A.)
- International Education and Research Center for Food Agricultural Immunology, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, 468-1 Aramaki Aza Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8572, Japan
| | - Ardy Ardiansyah
- Department of Food Technology, Universitas Bakrie, Jakarta 12920, Indonesia;
| | - Slamet Budijanto
- Faculty of Agricultural Engineering and Technology, IPB University, Bogor 16680, Indonesia;
| | - Takuya Koseki
- Faculty of Agriculture, Yamagata University, Tsuruoka 997-8555, Japan;
| | - Hisashi Aso
- Cellular Biology Laboratory, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, 468-1 Aramaki Aza Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8572, Japan; (K.W.); (H.A.)
- International Education and Research Center for Food Agricultural Immunology, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, 468-1 Aramaki Aza Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8572, Japan
| | - Michio Komai
- Laboratory of Nutrition, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, 468-1 Aramaki Aza Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8572, Japan; (T.B.R.); (A.Z.A.); (W.D.S.); (Y.O.); (M.K.)
| | - Hitoshi Shirakawa
- Laboratory of Nutrition, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, 468-1 Aramaki Aza Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8572, Japan; (T.B.R.); (A.Z.A.); (W.D.S.); (Y.O.); (M.K.)
- International Education and Research Center for Food Agricultural Immunology, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, 468-1 Aramaki Aza Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8572, Japan
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Wang D, Cai M, Wang T, Liu T, Huang J, Wang Y, Granato D. Ameliorative effects of L-theanine on dextran sulfate sodium induced colitis in C57BL/6J mice are associated with the inhibition of inflammatory responses and attenuation of intestinal barrier disruption. Food Res Int 2020; 137:109409. [PMID: 33233096 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2020.109409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Revised: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the effects of L-theanine supplementation on the colonic mucosa injury in C57BL/6J male mice treated with dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis. Treatment with L-theanine significantly decreased the disease activity index and ameliorated the inflammation-associated pathological damage in colon length, as well as the histopathological features of DSS-induced colitis. L-Theanine administration also inhibited DSS-induced changes in the colonic tissue that included myeloperoxidase by 4.5-fold and malondialdehyde by 2.3-fold in comparison to the DSS group. In addition, GSH was increased by 85% and lipopolysaccharides level was decreased by 55% in comparison to the DSS group. Proinflammatory cytokines expression, including interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor-α, at the both protein and mRNA levels were also decreased significantly. Notably, the increase in serum content of lipopolysaccharides and colonic expressions of inducible nitric oxide synthase, cyclooxygenase-2, toll like receptor (TLR)-2, TLR-4, TLR-6, and TLR-9 induced by DSS were also significantly inhibited by L-theanine administration. In addition, L-theanine also attenuated the reduction of serum contents of diamine oxidase and the production of short-chain fatty acids in the colonic tissue, and gene expression of mucosal barrier zonula occludens-1 and claudin-1 in DSS-induced colitis. Furthermore, 16S rRNA phylogenetic sequencing revealed a shift in microbial community composition induced by DSS, but no significant difference was observed following L-theanine supplementation. Overall, our findings demonstrated that L-theanine inhibits intestinal inflammation and protects against intestinal barrier disruption in mice with DSS-induced colitis. Further clinical trials should be considered to assess the effects of L-theanine supplementation on oxidative and inflammatory responses in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongxu Wang
- School of Grain Science and Technology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212004, China; School of Tea and Food Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui 230036, China.
| | - Min Cai
- School of Tea and Food Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui 230036, China
| | - Taotao Wang
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212000, China
| | - Tiantian Liu
- School of Tea and Food Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui 230036, China
| | - Jinbao Huang
- School of Tea and Food Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui 230036, China
| | - Yijun Wang
- School of Tea and Food Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui 230036, China
| | - Daniel Granato
- Food Processing and Quality, Production Systems Unit - Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke) - Tietotie 2, FI-02150 Espoo, Finland.
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Park MK, Lee JC, Lee JW, Kang S, Kim J, Park MH, Hwang SJ, Lee M. Effects of fermented rice bran on DEN-induced oxidative stress in mice: GSTP1, LINE-1 methylation, and telomere length ratio. J Food Biochem 2020; 44:e13274. [PMID: 32468620 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.13274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2020] [Revised: 04/01/2020] [Accepted: 04/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
N-diethylnitrosamine (DEN), a well-known carcinogen, not only induces excessive reactive oxygen species but also suppresses DNA methylation. This study investigated the effect of fermented rice bran (FRB) treatment on DEN-induced oxidative stress through DNA methylation and telomere length analysis. To evaluate the potential protective role of FRB in oxidative stress, two different doses of FRB, DEN, and their combination were administered to mice that were preadapted or not to FRB. Glutathione-S-transferase P1 (GSTP1) methylation levels significantly decreased at 2 and 24 hr after FRB and DEN co-administration in mice with and without pre-adaptation. Moreover, GSTP1 mRNA was upregulated under DEN-induced oxidative stress. Furthermore, changes in long interspersed nuclear element-1 methylation were observed from the viewpoint of genomic instability. In addition, FRB preadapted mice displayed a lower telomere length ratio than the non-adapted mice, suggesting that FRB adaptation offers advantages over the non-adapted conditions in terms of inflammation suppression. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: DEN induces excessive ROS, which is associated with oxidative stress on DNA and other cellular components, resulting in inflammation. This study shows that FRB may alleviate DEN-triggered oxidative stress, based on changes in GSTP1, LINE-1 methylation, and telomere length ratios, thereby, revealing the potential of dietary intervention during inflammation. Furthermore, this study furthers the current understanding of DNA methylation mechanisms underlying the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of functional food components. These results indicate that dietary inclusion of FRB may help decrease oxidative DNA damage and its associated inflammation at early stages of a disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Koo Park
- Nutrigenetics Institute, Bio-Innovation Park, Erom, Inc., Uiwang, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Chan Lee
- Nutrigenetics Institute, Bio-Innovation Park, Erom, Inc., Uiwang, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Won Lee
- Nutrigenetics Institute, Bio-Innovation Park, Erom, Inc., Uiwang, Republic of Korea
| | - Sujin Kang
- Bio R&D Division, Bio-Innovation Park, Erom, Inc., Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
| | - JoongHark Kim
- Bio R&D Division, Bio-Innovation Park, Erom, Inc., Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi Houn Park
- Bio R&D Division, Bio-Innovation Park, Erom, Inc., Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Joo Hwang
- Integrated Medicine Institute, Loving Care Hospital, Sampyeong, Republic of Korea
| | - MinJae Lee
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
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Yang M, Zhang L, Hong G, Li Y, Li G, Qian W, Xiong H, Bai T, Song J, Hou X. Duodenal and rectal mucosal microbiota related to small intestinal bacterial overgrowth in diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2020; 35:795-805. [PMID: 31674052 DOI: 10.1111/jgh.14910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2019] [Revised: 09/21/2019] [Accepted: 10/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO) has been proposed as an etiologic factor in irritable bowel syndrome, particularly the diarrhea-predominant subtype (IBS-D). We aimed to identify potential intestinal microbial pattern in IBS-D patients with SIBO. METHODS Diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome patients fulfilling Rome III criteria were recruited and randomly divided into an exploratory cohort (57 cases) and a validation cohort (20 cases). SIBO was identified according to standard glucose hydrogen breath test. For 16S rRNA gene sequencing, samples of duodenal mucosa, duodenal fluid, rectal mucosa, and fresh feces were collected and performed. The α and β diversity, as well as differences in microbial composition and function, in SIBO+ and SIBO- IBS-D subjects were evaluated. RESULTS The microbial diversity and composition obviously differed between SIBO+ and SIBO- IBS-D in duodenal and rectal mucosa but not in duodenal fluid and fresh feces. For rectal mucosal microbiota, it displayed markedly reduced aerobe and Gram-negative bacteria and increased facultative anaerobe and Gram-positive bacteria, moreover, altered functions of microbial metabolism in SIBO+ IBS-D. Significantly higher rectal mucosa-related microbial dysbiosis index was observed in SIBO+ IBS-D, and a cut-off value at -0.37 had a sensitivity of 56.55% and specificity of 90.91% to identify the SIBO in IBS-D subjects. CONCLUSIONS Mucosal microbiota, rather than luminal bacteria, has a more apparent dysbiosis in SIBO+ IBS-D patients relative to those without SIBO. Rectal mucosa-associated microbiota may act as a potential predictor of SIBO in IBS-D patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Yang
- Division of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Division of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Gaichao Hong
- Division of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ying Li
- Division of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Gangping Li
- Division of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Wei Qian
- Division of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Hanhua Xiong
- Division of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Tao Bai
- Division of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jun Song
- Division of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaohua Hou
- Division of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Jiang ZT, Han Y, Liu XY, Lv LY, Pan JH, Liu CD. Tripterine Restrains the Aggressiveness of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cell via Regulating miRNA-532-5p/CXCL2 Axis. Onco Targets Ther 2020; 13:2973-2985. [PMID: 32308429 PMCID: PMC7152543 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s238074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2019] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Triterpene has attracted considerable interests because it exhibits anticancer effects. However, the effects of tripterine on hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) are not well studied. In the current study, the mechanism of tripterine on HCC cells growth and metastasis was examined. Methods The inhibitory effect on the growth and aggressiveness in HCC cells was analyzed by Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8), wound healing and Transwell assay. The levels of microRNA-532-5p (miR-532-5p) in HCC cells and tissues were measured using qRT-PCR. The expression of chemokine (C-X-C Motif) ligand 2 (CXCL2) was determined by Western blotting and immunohistochemistry (IHC). Luciferase reporter gene assay was used to validate the binding between miR-532-5p and CXCL2. The impact of tripterine on the growth and metastasis of HCC cells in vivo was analyzed using transplanted tumor model and experimental lung metastasis model, respectively. Results We found that tripterine inhibited HCC cells proliferation, migration ability and invasion. Under tripterine treatment, the level of miR-532-5p was strikingly raised, and overexpression of miR‑532-5p reduced cell viability and metastatic-related traits. In addition, we identified CXCL2 as a target of miR-532-5p in HCC. Rescue experiments indicated that overexpression of CXCL2 restored the migration and invasive capacity of HCC cells inhibited by miR-532-5p or tripterine treatment. Finally, the tumor growth and metastatic ability of HCC MHCC97H cell in vivo were also significantly restrained by tripterine. The expression of CXCL2 was distinctly decreased and miR-532-5p level was increased by tripterine in vivo. Conclusion In conclusion, tripterine inhibits the growth, migration ability and invasiveness of HCC cells through intervening miR-532-5p/CXCL2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Tao Jiang
- Department of Pharmacy Office, Zhangjiagang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Zhangjiagang, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Han
- Department of Pharmacy Office, Zhangjiagang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Zhangjiagang, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao Yan Liu
- Department of Pharmacy Office, Zhangjiagang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Zhangjiagang, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Ling Yan Lv
- Department of Pharmacy Office, Zhangjiagang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Zhangjiagang, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin Huo Pan
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Chun Di Liu
- Department of Pharmacy Office, Zhangjiagang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Zhangjiagang, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
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Effects of Probiotics on Patients with Hypertension: a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Curr Hypertens Rep 2020; 22:34. [PMID: 32200440 DOI: 10.1007/s11906-020-01042-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW This meta-analysis and systematic review was conducted to evaluate the effect of probiotics on blood pressure, body mass index (BMI), and blood glucose changes in patients with hypertension. RECENT FINDINGS We searched the PubMed, Cochrane, Embase, and ProQuest databases using a combination of MeSH and free text, from the inception of these databases to 20 January 2020, with no language restrictions. The quantitative PEDro scale method was used to assess the quality of the included studies. We used the random effects models to estimate the outcomes, with heterogeneity among the studies assessed using Cochran's Q statistic. Fourteen included studies published between 2002 and 2019 were included in the meta-analysis, reporting results of 846 hypertension participants. A significant reduction in SBP by - 2.05 mmHg (95% CI - 3.87, -0.24, P = 0.03), DBP by - 1.26 mmHg (95% CI - 2.51, - 0.004, P = 0.047), BMI by - 1.03 (95% CI - 1.28, - 0.97, P < 0.01), and blood glucose by - 0.18 mmol/L (95% CI - 0.30 - 0.05, P = 0.007) was observed following probiotics intervention. Our meta-analysis showed a modest but a significant reduction in SBP and DBP in patients with hypertension, particularly in those with diabetes mellitus, following probiotic supplementation. This effect was associated with treatment duration, dosage, and the age of subject but was not associated with single or multiple strains usage. Additionally, probiotic supplement had a beneficial effect in reducing BMI and blood glucose.
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Chi C, Li C, Wu D, Buys N, Wang W, Fan H, Sun J. Effects of Probiotics on Patients with Hypertension: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Curr Hypertens Rep 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s11906-020-01041-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Ghosh SS, Wang J, Yannie PJ, Ghosh S. Intestinal Barrier Dysfunction, LPS Translocation, and Disease Development. J Endocr Soc 2020; 4:bvz039. [PMID: 32099951 PMCID: PMC7033038 DOI: 10.1210/jendso/bvz039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 299] [Impact Index Per Article: 74.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2019] [Accepted: 02/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The intestinal barrier is complex and consists of multiple layers, and it provides a physical and functional barrier to the transport of luminal contents to systemic circulation. While the epithelial cell layer and the outer/inner mucin layer constitute the physical barrier and are often referred to as the intestinal barrier, intestinal alkaline phosphatase (IAP) produced by epithelial cells and antibacterial proteins secreted by Panneth cells represent the functional barrier. While antibacterial proteins play an important role in the host defense against gut microbes, IAP detoxifies bacterial endotoxin lipopolysaccharide (LPS) by catalyzing the dephosphorylation of the active/toxic Lipid A moiety, preventing local inflammation as well as the translocation of active LPS into systemic circulation. The causal relationship between circulating LPS levels and the development of multiple diseases underscores the importance of detailed examination of changes in the “layers” of the intestinal barrier associated with disease development and how this dysfunction can be attenuated by targeted interventions. To develop targeted therapies for improving intestinal barrier function, it is imperative to have a deeper understanding of the intestinal barrier itself, the mechanisms underlying the development of diseases due to barrier dysfunction (eg, high circulating LPS levels), the assessment of intestinal barrier function under diseased conditions, and of how individual layers of the intestinal barrier can be beneficially modulated to potentially attenuate the development of associated diseases. This review summarizes the current knowledge of the composition of the intestinal barrier and its assessment and modulation for the development of potential therapies for barrier dysfunction-associated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Internal Medicine, VCU Medical Center, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Paul J Yannie
- Hunter Homes McGuire VA Medical Center, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Shobha Ghosh
- Department of Internal Medicine, VCU Medical Center, Richmond, Virginia.,Hunter Homes McGuire VA Medical Center, Richmond, Virginia
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Ghosh SS, Wang J, Yannie PJ, Sandhu YK, Korzun WJ, Ghosh S. Dietary Supplementation with Galactooligosaccharides Attenuates High-Fat, High-Cholesterol Diet-Induced Glucose Intolerance and Disruption of Colonic Mucin Layer in C57BL/6 Mice and Reduces Atherosclerosis in Ldlr-/- Mice. J Nutr 2020; 150:285-293. [PMID: 31586202 DOI: 10.1093/jn/nxz233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Revised: 07/15/2019] [Accepted: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A Western-type diet (WD), rich in fat and cholesterol but deficient in fiber, induces development of diabetes and atherosclerosis. Colonic bacteria use the gut's mucous lining as an alternate energy source during periods of fiber deficiency, resulting in intestinal barrier erosion. OBJECTIVE We hypothesized that supplementing a WD with galactooligosaccharide (GOS) fiber would attenuate WD-induced mucin layer disruption and attenuate development of metabolic diseases. METHODS C57BL/6 mice (both sexes, 8-10 wk of age) were fed a standard rodent diet (TD7012, reference) or a high-fat, high-cholesterol-containing WD (TD88137, 21% fat, 0.15% cholesterol, 19.5% caesin) or a WD supplemented with 5% GOS fiber (TD170432, WD + GOS) for 16 wk. WD-fed mice that were gavaged daily with curcumin (100 mg/kg) served as positive controls. Glucose tolerance, colonic mucin layer, gene expression, and circulating macrophage/neutrophil levels were determined. Hyperlipidemic Ldlr-/- mice (both sexes, 8-10 wk of age) fed a WD with or without GOS supplementation (for 16 wk) were used to assess plasma LPS and atherosclerosis. Effects of dietary supplementation on different parameters were compared for each genotype. RESULTS Compared with a WD, glucose tolerance was significantly improved in male C57BL/6 mice fed a WD + GOS (mean ± SEM: AUC = 53.6 ± 43.9 compared with 45.4 ± 33.3 g ⋅ min/dL; P = 0.015). Continuity of colonic mucin layer (MUC-2 expression) was improved in mice receiving GOS supplementation, indicating improved intestinal barrier. GOS supplementation also reduced circulating macrophages (30% decrease) and neutrophils (60% decrease), suggesting diminished systemic inflammation. In Ldlr-/- mice, GOS supplementation significantly reduced plasma LPS concentrations (mean ± SEM: 0.81 ± 0.43 EU/mL compared with 0.32 ± 0.26 EU/mL, P < 0.0001, in females and 0.56 ± 0.24 EU/mL compared with 0.34 ± 0.12 EU/mL, P = 0.036, in males), improved glucose tolerance in male mice, and attenuated atherosclerotic lesion area (mean ± SEM: 54.2% ± 6.19% compared with 43.0% ± 35.12%, P = 0.0006, in females and 54.6% ± 3.99% compared with 43.1% ± 8.11%, P = 0.003, in males). CONCLUSIONS GOS fiber supplementation improves intestinal barrier in C57BL/6 and Ldlr-/- mice and significantly attenuates WD-induced metabolic diseases and, therefore, may represent a novel strategy for management of these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Internal Medicine, VCU Medical Center, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Paul J Yannie
- Hunter Homes McGuire VA Medical Center, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Yashnoor K Sandhu
- Department of Internal Medicine, VCU Medical Center, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - William J Korzun
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, VCU Medical Center, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Shobha Ghosh
- Department of Internal Medicine, VCU Medical Center, Richmond, VA, USA.,Hunter Homes McGuire VA Medical Center, Richmond, VA, USA
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Li SC, Lin HP, Chang JS, Shih CK. Lactobacillus acidophilus-Fermented Germinated Brown Rice Suppresses Preneoplastic Lesions of the Colon in Rats. Nutrients 2019; 11:E2718. [PMID: 31717536 PMCID: PMC6893647 DOI: 10.3390/nu11112718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2019] [Revised: 11/03/2019] [Accepted: 11/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a cancer associated with chronic inflammation. Whole grains and probiotics play a protective role against CRC. Fermented grains are receiving increased attention due to their anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer activities. Our previous study found that a combination of germinated brown rice (GBR) with probiotics suppressed colorectal carcinogenesis in rats. However, the cancer-preventive effect of probiotic-fermented GBR has not been reported. This study investigated the preventive effect and possible mechanism of GBR fermented by Lactobacillus acidophilus (FGBR) on colorectal carcinogenesis in rats induced by 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH) and dextran sulfate sodium (DSS). DMH/DSS treatment induced preneoplastic aberrant crypt foci (ACF), elevated serum levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-1β, as well as decreased pro-apoptotic Bax expression. GBR and FGBR reduced the primary ACF number and decreased TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β levels. GBR and FGBR at the 2.5% level increased pro-apoptotic cleaved caspase-3 and decreased anti-apoptotic B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) expressions. FGBR at the 2.5% level further reduced the number of sialomucin-producing ACF (SIM-ACF) and increased Bax expression. These results suggest that FGBR may inhibit preneoplastic lesions of the colon via activating the apoptotic pathway. This fermented rice product may have the potential to be developed as a novel dietary supplement for CRC chemoprevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sing-Chung Li
- School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, College of Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; (S.-C.L.); (H.-P.L.); (J.-S.C.)
| | - Han-Pei Lin
- School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, College of Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; (S.-C.L.); (H.-P.L.); (J.-S.C.)
| | - Jung-Su Chang
- School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, College of Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; (S.-C.L.); (H.-P.L.); (J.-S.C.)
- Graduate Institute of Metabolism and Obesity Sciences, College of Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Kuang Shih
- School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, College of Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; (S.-C.L.); (H.-P.L.); (J.-S.C.)
- School of Food Safety, College of Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- Master Program in Food Safety, College of Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
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Toda M. Rice Components with Immunomodulatory Function. J Nutr Sci Vitaminol (Tokyo) 2019; 65:S9-S12. [PMID: 31619655 DOI: 10.3177/jnsv.65.s9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Rice (Oryza sativa) is one of the most important food crops in the world, and the effect of its consumption on human health is of great concern. Evidence has accumulated that rice contains several components, such as γ-oryzanol and rice bran fibers, which modulate the immune system. In addition, rice has other immunologically beneficial characteristics. It has a low allergenic potential and is gluten-free, reducing the risk of development of food allergies and diseases related to gluten sensitivity such as coeliac disease. This review presents the recent advances in our understanding of the immunomodulatory function of rice components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masako Toda
- Laboratory of Food and Biomolecular Science, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University
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Nitroso-oxidative stress after activation of 5-HT4 receptors under conditions of colitis in rats. CURRENT ISSUES IN PHARMACY AND MEDICAL SCIENCES 2019. [DOI: 10.2478/cipms-2019-0011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) plays an important role in the regulation of the functioning of the gastrointestinal tract, including that of the colon. The response of smooth muscles, blood vessels and colon mucosa (CM) to 5-HT is realized through the activation of various types of 5-HT receptors, in particular, 5-HT4 receptors, since the latter are identified on colon cells membranes (enterocytes, smooth muscles and endothelium). The aim of our study was to determine the effect of 5-НT4 receptors agonist (mosapride) on nitrogen (II) oxide production and lipid peroxidation in CM and colon muscle tissue (CMT) under the conditions of experimental ulcerative colitis (UC).
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Sun Y, Geng W, Pan Y, Wang J, Xiao P, Wang Y. Supplementation with Lactobacillus kefiranofaciens ZW3 from Tibetan Kefir improves depression-like behavior in stressed mice by modulating the gut microbiota. Food Funct 2019; 10:925-937. [PMID: 30698577 DOI: 10.1039/c8fo02096e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Increasing evidence indicates that probiotics can effectively improve depression-like behavior. However, the underlying mechanism is still unclear. In this study, the antidepressant effect of Lactobacillus kefiranofaciens CGMCC2809 (ZW3) isolated from Tibetan Kefir grains was investigated using a mouse model of chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS). ZW3 improved depression-like behavior and independent exploration ability in the CUMS group. Moreover, ZW3 regulated biochemical disorders in the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, immune system and tryptophan metabolism caused by stress. Furthermore, ZW3 could modulate the composition of the gut microbiota, and alleviate constipation by improving the fecal water content in stressed mice. We found that the probiotic strain was present in the whole intestine, even 7 days after its administration was stopped. These results suggest that L. kefiranofaciens ZW3 might improve depression by regulating the gut microbiota as a probiotic food.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Faculty of Food Engineering and Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457, China.
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Yu Y, Zhang J, Wang J, Sun B. The anti-cancer activity and potential clinical application of rice bran extracts and fermentation products. RSC Adv 2019; 9:18060-18069. [PMID: 35520585 PMCID: PMC9064785 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra02439e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Accepted: 05/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Rice bran is the main by-product of rice processing and contains approximately 64% of the nutrients in rice. Its various nutrient elements include rice bran proteins, oil, oryzanol, vitamins, polysaccharides, etc. The use of fermented technology can increase the content of bioactive peptides, promote the absorption efficiency, and further improve the functionality and added value of rice bran. In recent years, the nutritional value and function of the extracts and fermented products of rice bran have been emphatically studied. Rice bran extracts and fermentation products serve a critical role in the anti-inflammatory reaction, reducing the plasma lipid effect and increasing anti-cancer activity. Moreover, few review studies have been reported on the anti-cancer activity and potential mechanism of action of rice bran extract and its fermentation products. In this review, we focused on the anti-cancer function, mechanisms, and potential clinical usage of rice bran extracts and fermentation products in the adjuvant therapy of cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonghui Yu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Nutrition and Health (Beijing), Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, Beijing Technology & Business University Beijing 100048 China
| | - Jingjie Zhang
- Institute of Food and Nutrition Development, Ministry of Agriculture Beijing 100081 China
| | - Jing Wang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Nutrition and Health (Beijing), Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, Beijing Technology & Business University Beijing 100048 China
| | - Baogao Sun
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Nutrition and Health (Beijing), Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, Beijing Technology & Business University Beijing 100048 China
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