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Zhao B, Zhang Y, Fan Z, Lin Z, Wang L, Li H, Zhen H, Wu C. Study on the Nanoaggregate Formation Mechanism and Antipyretic Effect of Maxing Shigan Decoction. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:19311-19319. [PMID: 38708238 PMCID: PMC11064183 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.4c00423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) formula decoctions easily form nanoaggregates due to self-assembly during the decoction process. However, research on nanoaggregates in TCM is still in its infancy with limited systematic studies. Maxing Shigan Decoction (MXSGT), a TCM formula, has been commonly used for the treatment of fever for thousands of years in China. This study used MXSGT as an example to investigate the antipyretic effects of MXSGT nanoaggregates (MXSGT-NAs) in its decoction, shedding light on the compatibility mechanisms of Chinese medicine. MXSGT-NAs were isolated by using high-speed centrifugation and dialysis techniques. The morphology, particle size distribution, and electrical potential of MXSGT-NAs were characterized. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was used to detect ephedrine and pseudoephedrine in MXSGT-NAs. The self-assembly mechanism of MXSGT-NAs was investigated by deconstructing the prescription. In pharmacodynamic experiments, a rat fever model was established through the subcutaneous injection of dry yeast to investigate the antipyretic effects of MXSGT-NAs. The results showed the presence of regularly shaped spherical nanoaggregates in MXSGT. It contains carbon, oxygen (O), sulfur (S), sodium, aluminum (Al), calcium (Ca), iron, magnesium, bismuth (Bi), etc. MXSGT-NAs exerted substantial antipyretic effects on febrile rats. Furthermore, we found micrometer-sized particles composed of Ca, O, S, potassium, and Bi in Shi gao decoctions. This study is the first to provide evidence for the self-assembling property of Shi gao, elucidate the scientific connotation of dispensing Shi gao in MXSGT, and provide a novel perspective for the study of TCM decoctions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingbing Zhao
- School
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China
| | - Yanxu Zhang
- Henan-Macquarie
University Joint Centre for Biomedical Innovation, School of Life
Sciences, Henan University, Jinming Avenue, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, China
| | - Zhengmin Fan
- School
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China
| | - Ziwei Lin
- School
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China
| | - Lihong Wang
- School
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China
| | - Hongteng Li
- School
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China
| | - Haojie Zhen
- School
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China
| | - Chunli Wu
- School
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China
- School
of Pharmaceutical Science and Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China
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Nie W, Liu Y, Lan J, Li T, He Y, Li Z, Zhang T, Ding Y. Self-Assembled Nanoparticles from Xie-Bai-San Decoction: Isolation, Characterization and Enhancing Oral Bioavailability. Int J Nanomedicine 2024; 19:3405-3421. [PMID: 38617795 PMCID: PMC11012829 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s449268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Natural nanoparticles have been found to exist in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) decoctions. However, whether natural nanoparticles can influence the oral bioavailability of active compounds has not been elucidated. Using Xie-Bai-San decoction (XBSD) as an example, the purpose of this study was to isolate, characterize and elucidate the mechanism of the nanoparticles (N-XBSD) in XBSD, and further to explore whether the bioavailability of the main active compounds could be enhanced by N-XBSD. Methods N-XBSD were isolated from XBSD, and investigated its characterization and study of its formation mechanism, and evaluation of its ability to enhance bioavailability of active compounds. Results The N-XBSD was successfully isolated with the average particle size of 104.53 nm, PDI of 0.27 and zeta potential of -5.14 mV. Meanwhile, all the eight active compounds were most presented in N-XBSD. Kukoamine B could self-assemble with mulberroside A or liquiritin to form nanoparticles, respectively. And the FT-IR and HRMS results indicated the possible binding of the ammonium group of kukoamine B with the phenolic hydroxyl group of mulberroside A or liquiritin, respectively. The established UPLC-MS/MS method was accurate and reliable and met the quantitative requirements. The pharmacokinetic behaviors of the N-XBSD and decoction were similar in rats. Most notably, compared to that of free drugs, the Cmax, AUC0-∞, AUC0-t, T1/2 and MRT0-∞ values of index compounds were the higher in N-XBSD, with a slower plasma clearance rate in rats. Conclusion The major active compounds of XBSD were mainly distributed in N-XBSD, and N-XBSD was formed through self-assembly among active compounds. N-XBSD could obviously promote the bioavailability of active compounds, indicating natural nanoparticles of decoctions play an important role in therapeutic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenlong Nie
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201210, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yun Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201210, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jinshuai Lan
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201210, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ting Li
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201210, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yitian He
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201210, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhe Li
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201210, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tong Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201210, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yue Ding
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201210, People’s Republic of China
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Wang X, Liang F, Dai Z, Feng X, Qiu F. Combination of Coptis chinensis polysaccharides and berberine ameliorates ulcerative colitis by regulating gut microbiota and activating AhR/IL-22 pathway. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 318:117050. [PMID: 37595814 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.117050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 07/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/20/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Coptis chinensis Franch. polysaccharide (CCP) and berberine (BBR) are the primary active components of Coptis chinensis Franch. BBR is clinically used for the treatment of intestinal infections and gastroenteritis. CCP was also reported to be effective for the treatment of ulcerative colitis (UC). However, whether CCP combined with BBR shows a synergistic effect on the treatment of UC has not been elucidated yet. AIM OF THE STUDY This study aspired to investigate the therapeutic effect and the possible mechanisms of the combination of CCP with BBR on chronic UC. MATERIALS AND METHODS By periodic administration of dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) to C57BL/6J mice, chronic UC model mice were induced. CCP (15 mg/kg), BBR (50 mg/kg), and CCP.BBR (a combination of 15 mg/kg CCP and 50 mg/kg BBR) were orally administered to the model mice for 10 days. Changes of body weight, disease activity index, colon length, organ index, histopathological damage, expression of cytokines, and intestinal tight junction proteins were determined to evaluate the therapeutic effects. 16S rDNA sequencing, targeted short-chain fatty acid metabolomics, qPCR, and western blotting were performed to elucidate the potential mechanism. RESULTS Both CCP and BBR alleviated UC via improving colon pathological damage, inhibiting the inflammatory response, and regulating the expression of intestinal tight junction proteins. The combination of CCP with BBR showed a more substantial therapeutic effect via increasing the relative abundance of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) producing bacteria, thereby increasing the contents of SCFAs in vivo and activating AhR/IL-22 pathway. CONCLUSION The combination of CCP and BBR showed a synergistic effect on the therapy of chronic UC and the mechanism was associated with regulating gut microbiota and activating AhR/IL-22 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuemei Wang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Therapeutic Substance of Traditional Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.
| | - Fengni Liang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Therapeutic Substance of Traditional Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.
| | - Zhaoyuan Dai
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Therapeutic Substance of Traditional Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.
| | - Xinchi Feng
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Therapeutic Substance of Traditional Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.
| | - Feng Qiu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Therapeutic Substance of Traditional Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.
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Liu M, Chen R, Wang T, Ding Y, Zhang Y, Huang G, Huang J, Qu Q, Lv W, Guo S. Dietary Chinese herbal mixture supplementation improves production performance by regulating reproductive hormones, antioxidant capacity, immunity, and intestinal health of broiler breeders. Poult Sci 2024; 103:103201. [PMID: 37980727 PMCID: PMC10692728 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2023.103201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Chinese herbs have been used as feed additives and are commonly utilized in domestic intensive livestock farming. However, their impact on the production performance and intestinal health of broiler breeders has yet to be thoroughly explored. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of a Chinese herbal mixture (CHM) on the production performance of broiler breeders in terms of reproductive hormones, antioxidant capacity, immunity, and intestinal health of broiler breeders. A total of 336 thirty-wk-old hens were randomly allotted to 4 groups with 6 replicates of fourteen hens each, which fed a basal diet supplemented with 0 (CON), 500 (CHM500), 1,000 (CHM1000), and 1,500 (CHM1500) mg/kg CHM for 56 days, respectively. Our results showed that dietary supplementation with CHM1000 increased the laying rate and number of SYF and decreased the feed conversion ratio (P < 0.05). All CHM groups increased oviduct and ovarian indexes, serum E2 and T-AOC levels, and decreased serum TG and MDA levels compared with CON (P < 0.05). In comparison to the CON group, the CHM1000 and CHM1500 groups increased serum ALB, IgM, and IL-10 levels, whereas the CHM1000 group also increased serum TP and SOD levels, and the CHM1500 group increased serum P and decreased serum TNF-α (P < 0.05). The addition of CHM increased FSHR expressions in the ovary, Claudin-1 expressions in the jejunum, and SOD1 expressions in the liver and ovary, but decreased the mRNA expressions of INH in the ovary as well as IL-2 and IL-6 expressions in the jejunum (P < 0.05). Moreover, CHM500 and CHM1000 groups increased CAT, GPx, and HO-1 expression in the ovary, and SOD1 and GPx expression in the jejunum, while decreasing IL-17A expression in the jejunum (P < 0.05). In addition, CHM1000 and CHM1500 groups increased villus height, VCR, and the mRNA expressions of Nrf2, HO-1, Occludin, and MUC2 in the jejunum, and IL-10 expression in the ovary, while decreasing IL-2 and IL-17A expression in the ovary, in addition to increasing GPx, Nrf2, HO-1, NQO1, and IL-10 expression in the liver (P < 0.05). Supplementation with CHM1000 increased ESR-α, ESR-β, GnRH, Nrf2, and NQO1 expression in the ovary, but decreased IFN-γ expression in the ovary as well as crypt depth in the jejunum (P < 0.05). Supplementing CHM1500 increased NQO1 and ZO-1 expression in the jejunum and decreased IL-2 in the liver (P < 0.05). The high-throughput sequencing results showed that dietary CHM1000 supplementation altered the composition of the intestinal microbiota, as evidenced by the regulation of the genera Lactobacillus, Faecalibacterium, and Phascolarctobacterium. PICRUSt analysis revealed that metabolic pathways of bacterial chemotaxis, butanoate metabolism, and synthesis and degradation of ketone bodies were enriched in the CHM1000 group. Spearman's correlation analysis indicated that the differentiated genera were significantly associated with the production performance, serum hormone, and gut barrier-related genes. Taken together, supplementation of CHM, especially at 1,000 mg/kg, could improve production performance by regulating reproductive hormones, antioxidant capacity, immunity, and intestinal health of broiler breeders, and maybe provide insights into its application as a potential feed additive to promote the performance of broiler breeders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengjie Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Rong Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Tianze Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Yiqing Ding
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Yinwen Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Gengxiong Huang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Jieyi Huang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Qian Qu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Weijie Lv
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Shining Guo
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, PR China; Guangdong Technology Research Center for Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine and Natural Medicine, Guangzhou, PR China; International Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Guangzhou, PR China.
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Ye D, Zhao Q, Ding D, Ma BL. Preclinical pharmacokinetics-related pharmacological effects of orally administered polysaccharides from traditional Chinese medicines: A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 252:126484. [PMID: 37625759 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.126484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
Polysaccharides (TCMPs) derived from traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs), such as Ganoderma lucidum, Astragalus membranaceus, Lycium barbarum, and Panax ginseng, are considered to be the main active constituents in TCMs. However, the significant pharmacological effects of orally administered TCMPs do not align well with their poor pharmacokinetics. This article aims to review the literature published mainly from 2010 to 2022, focusing on the relationship between pharmacokinetics and pharmacological effects. It has been found that unabsorbed TCMPs can exert local pharmacological effects in the gut, including anti-inflammation, anti-oxidation, regulation of intestinal flora, modulation of intestinal immunity, and maintenance of intestinal barrier integrity. Unabsorbed TCMPs can also produce systemic pharmacological effects, such as anti-tumor activity and immune system modulation, by regulating intestinal flora and immunity. Conversely, some TCMPs can be absorbed and distributed to various tissues, especially the liver, where they exhibit tissue-protecting effects against inflammation and oxidative stress-induced damage and improve glucose and lipid metabolism. In future studies, it is important to improve quality control and experimental design. Furthermore, research on enhancing the oral bioavailability of TCMPs, exploring the activity of TCMP metabolites, investigating pharmacokinetic interactions between TCMPs and oral drugs, and developing oral drug delivery systems using TCMPs holds great significance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Ye
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Qing Zhao
- Department of Pharmacy, Jingan District Zhabei Central Hospital, Shanghai 200070, China
| | - Ding Ding
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Bing-Liang Ma
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China.
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Shuvalov O, Kirdeeva Y, Daks A, Fedorova O, Parfenyev S, Simon HU, Barlev NA. Phytochemicals Target Multiple Metabolic Pathways in Cancer. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:2012. [PMID: 38001865 PMCID: PMC10669507 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12112012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer metabolic reprogramming is a complex process that provides malignant cells with selective advantages to grow and propagate in the hostile environment created by the immune surveillance of the human organism. This process underpins cancer proliferation, invasion, antioxidant defense, and resistance to anticancer immunity and therapeutics. Perhaps not surprisingly, metabolic rewiring is considered to be one of the "Hallmarks of cancer". Notably, this process often comprises various complementary and overlapping pathways. Today, it is well known that highly selective inhibition of only one of the pathways in a tumor cell often leads to a limited response and, subsequently, to the emergence of resistance. Therefore, to increase the overall effectiveness of antitumor drugs, it is advisable to use multitarget agents that can simultaneously suppress several key processes in the tumor cell. This review is focused on a group of plant-derived natural compounds that simultaneously target different pathways of cancer-associated metabolism, including aerobic glycolysis, respiration, glutaminolysis, one-carbon metabolism, de novo lipogenesis, and β-oxidation of fatty acids. We discuss only those compounds that display inhibitory activity against several metabolic pathways as well as a number of important signaling pathways in cancer. Information about their pharmacokinetics in animals and humans is also presented. Taken together, a number of known plant-derived compounds may target multiple metabolic and signaling pathways in various malignancies, something that bears great potential for the further improvement of antineoplastic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oleg Shuvalov
- Institute of Cytology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg 194064, Russia; (Y.K.); (A.D.); (O.F.)
| | - Yulia Kirdeeva
- Institute of Cytology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg 194064, Russia; (Y.K.); (A.D.); (O.F.)
| | - Alexandra Daks
- Institute of Cytology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg 194064, Russia; (Y.K.); (A.D.); (O.F.)
| | - Olga Fedorova
- Institute of Cytology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg 194064, Russia; (Y.K.); (A.D.); (O.F.)
| | - Sergey Parfenyev
- Institute of Cytology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg 194064, Russia; (Y.K.); (A.D.); (O.F.)
| | - Hans-Uwe Simon
- Institute of Pharmacology, University of Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland;
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan 420008, Russia
| | - Nickolai A. Barlev
- Institute of Cytology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg 194064, Russia; (Y.K.); (A.D.); (O.F.)
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan 420008, Russia
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Nazarbayev University, Astana 20000, Kazakhstan
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Naeem A, Yu C, Wang X, Peng M, Liu Y, Liu Y. Hydroxyethyl Cellulose-Based Hydrogels as Controlled Release Carriers for Amorphous Solid Dispersion of Bioactive Components of Radix Paeonia Alba. Molecules 2023; 28:7320. [PMID: 37959739 PMCID: PMC10648136 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28217320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Radix Paeoniae Alba (RPA) has been used extensively in Chinese traditional medicine to treat gastrointestinal disorders, immune-modulating diseases, cancers, and numerous other conditions. A few of its active components include paeoniflorin, albiflorin, lactiflorin, and catechin. However, their therapeutic effectiveness is compromised by poor pharmacokinetic profiles, low oral bioavailability, short half-lives, and poor aqueous solubility. In this study, hydroxyethyl cellulose-grafted-2-acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (HEC-g-AMPS) hydrogels were successfully prepared for the controlled release of Radix Paeonia Alba-solid dispersion (RPA-SD). A total of 43 compounds were identified in RPA-SD using UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS analysis. The hydrogel network formation was confirmed by FTIR, TGA, DSC, XRD, and SEM. Hydrogels' swelling and drug release were slightly higher at pH 1.2 (43.31% swelling, 81.70% drug release) than at pH 7.4 (27.73% swelling, 72.46% drug release) after 48 h. The gel fraction, drug release time and mechanical strength of the hydrogels increased with increased polymer and monomer concentration. Furthermore, the hydrogels were porous (84.15% porosity) and biodegradable (8.9% weight loss per week). Moreover, the synthesized hydrogels exhibited excellent antimicrobial and antioxidative properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abid Naeem
- Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China; (C.Y.); (M.P.)
- Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamics and Quality Evaluation on Anti-Inflammatory Chinese Herbs, Jiangxi Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Chengqun Yu
- Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China; (C.Y.); (M.P.)
| | - Xiaoli Wang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Embryonic Stem Cell Research, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, China
| | - Mingyan Peng
- Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China; (C.Y.); (M.P.)
| | - Yi Liu
- Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China; (C.Y.); (M.P.)
| | - Yali Liu
- Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamics and Quality Evaluation on Anti-Inflammatory Chinese Herbs, Jiangxi Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang 330006, China
- Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamics and Safety Evaluation, Health Commission of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang 330006, China
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El-Sherbiny MM, Orif MI, El-Hefnawy ME, Alhayyani S, Al-Goul ST, Elekhtiar RS, Mahrous H, Tayel AA. Fabrication of bioactive nanocomposites from chitosan, cress mucilage, and selenium nanoparticles with powerful antibacterial and anticancerous actions. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1210780. [PMID: 37547689 PMCID: PMC10402636 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1210780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Natural bioactive alternatives are the utmost requests from researchers to provide biosafe and effectual health-guarding agents. The biopolymers chitosan nanoparticles (NCT), mucilage of cress seed (GCm; Lepidium sativum), and GCm-mediated selenium nanoparticles (GCm/SeNPs) were innovatively employed for fabricating novel bioactive natural nanocomposites (NCs) with elevated bioactivities as bactericidal (against Salmonella typhimurium and Staphylococcus aureus) and anticancer (against CaCo-2 and HeLa cells). The SeNPs were successfully generated with GCm, and different NCs formulations were fabricated from NCT:GCm/SeNPs amalgam ratios including T1, T2, and T3 with 2:1, 1:1, and 1:2 ratios, respectively. The infrared analysis of synthesized molecules appointed apparent physical interactions among interacted molecules. The average particles' sizes and charges of molecules/NCs were (12.7, 316.4, 252.8, and 127.3 nm) and (-6.9, +38.7, +26.2, and -25.8 mV) for SeNPs, T1, T2, and T3, respectively. The biocidal assessment of NCs indicated that T1 was the strongest antibacterial formulation, whereas T3 was the superior anticancer amalgam. These NCs formulations could exceed the biocidal potentialities of standard biocides. T1-NC could cause severe destructions/deformations in challenged S. typhimurium within 9 h, whereas T3-NCs induced apparent fluorescent apoptosis signs in treated HeLa cells. The prospective applications innovatively designed biocidal natural NCs that are recommended for controlling pathogenic bacteria and fighting cancerous cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohsen M. El-Sherbiny
- Department of Marine Biology, Faculty of Marine Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed I. Orif
- Department of Marine Chemistry, Faculty of Marine Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed E. El-Hefnawy
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences and Arts, King Abdulaziz University, Rabigh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sultan Alhayyani
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences and Arts, King Abdulaziz University, Rabigh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Soha T. Al-Goul
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences and Arts, King Abdulaziz University, Rabigh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rawan S. Elekhtiar
- Department of Fish Processing and Biotechnology, Faculty of Aquatic and Fisheries Sciences, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr el-Sheikh, Egypt
| | - Hoda Mahrous
- Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute, University of Sadat City, Sadat, Egypt
| | - Ahmed A. Tayel
- Department of Fish Processing and Biotechnology, Faculty of Aquatic and Fisheries Sciences, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr el-Sheikh, Egypt
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9
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Feng Y, Wu C, Chen H, Zheng T, Ye H, Wang J, Zhang Y, Gao J, Li Y, Dong Z. Rhubarb polysaccharide and berberine co-assembled nanoparticles ameliorate ulcerative colitis by regulating the intestinal flora. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1184183. [PMID: 37408766 PMCID: PMC10318145 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1184183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) affects about 7 million people globally, which is a chronic inflammatory condition of the gastrointestinal tract caused by gut microbiota alterations, immune dysregulation, genetic and environmental factors. Nanoparticles (NPs) deliver an active natural compound to a site harbored by disordered microbiota, they are used to interact, target and act intentionally on microbiota. Although there is accumulating evidence indicating that berberine and polysaccharide play an important role in IBD via regulating microbiota, there is limited research that presents a complete picture of exactly how their carrier-free co-assembled nanodrug affects IBD. Methods: The study establishes the carrier-free NPs formed by berberine and rhubarb polysaccharide based on the combination theory of Rheum palmatum L. and Coptis chinensis Franch., and characterizes the NPs. The IBD treatment efficacy of NPs are evaluated via IBD efficacy index, and explore the mechanism of NPs via 16S rRNA test and immunohistochemistry including occludin and zonula occludens-1. Results: The results showed that DHP and BBR were co-assembled to nanoparticles, and the BD can effectively relieve the symptoms of UC mouse induced by DSS via regulating gut microbiota and repair the gut barrier integrity, because BD have a longer retention on the colon tissue and react with the microbiota and mucus thoroughly. Interestingly, BD can enrich more probiotic than free BBR and DHP. Discussion: This design provides a better strategy and encourages future studies on IBD treatment via regulating gut microbiota and the design of novel plant polysaccharide based carrier-free co-assembly therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifan Feng
- Drug Delivery Research Center, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chines Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Chenyang Wu
- Drug Delivery Research Center, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chines Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Huan Chen
- Drug Delivery Research Center, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chines Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Tingting Zheng
- Drug Delivery Research Center, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chines Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Hanyi Ye
- Drug Delivery Research Center, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chines Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jinrui Wang
- Drug Delivery Research Center, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chines Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yinghua Zhang
- Jilin Provincial Academy of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Jia Gao
- Jilin Provincial Academy of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Ying Li
- Drug Delivery Research Center, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chines Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of New Drug Discovery Based on Classic Chinese Medicine Prescription, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Discovery of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Natural Medicine) and Translational Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Zhengqi Dong
- Drug Delivery Research Center, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chines Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of New Drug Discovery Based on Classic Chinese Medicine Prescription, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Discovery of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Natural Medicine) and Translational Medicine, Beijing, China
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10
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Segneanu AE, Vlase G, Chirigiu L, Herea DD, Pricop MA, Saracin PA, Tanasie ȘE. Romanian Wild-Growing Armoracia rusticana L.-Untargeted Low-Molecular Metabolomic Approach to a Potential Antitumoral Phyto-Carrier System Based on Kaolinite. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1268. [PMID: 37371998 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12061268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Horseradish is a globally well-known and appreciated medicinal and aromatic plant. The health benefits of this plant have been appreciated in traditional European medicine since ancient times. Various studies have investigated the remarkable phytotherapeutic properties of horseradish and its aromatic profile. However, relatively few studies have been conducted on Romanian horseradish, and they mainly refer to the ethnomedicinal or dietary uses of the plant. This study reports the first complete low-molecular-weight metabolite profile of Romanian wild-grown horseradish. A total of ninety metabolites were identified in mass spectra (MS)-positive mode from nine secondary metabolite categories (glucosilates, fatty acids, isothiocyanates, amino acids, phenolic acids, flavonoids, terpenoids, coumarins, and miscellaneous). In addition, the biological activity of each class of phytoconstituents was discussed. Furthermore, the development of a simple target phyto-carrier system that collectively exploits the bioactive properties of horseradish and kaolinite is reported. An extensive characterization (FT-IR, XRD, DLS, SEM, EDS, and zeta potential) was performed to investigate the morpho-structural properties of this new phyto-carrier system. The antioxidant activity was evaluated using a combination of three in vitro, non-competitive methods (total phenolic assay, 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical-scavenging assay, and phosphomolybdate (total antioxidant capacity)). The antioxidant assessment indicated the stronger antioxidant properties of the new phyto-carrier system compared with its components (horseradish and kaolinite). The collective results are relevant to the theoretical development of novel antioxidant agent fields with potential applications on antitumoral therapeutic platforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adina-Elena Segneanu
- Institute for Advanced Environmental Research, West University of Timisoara (ICAM-WUT), Oituz nr. 4, 300086 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Gabriela Vlase
- Institute for Advanced Environmental Research, West University of Timisoara (ICAM-WUT), Oituz nr. 4, 300086 Timisoara, Romania
- Research Center for Thermal Analysis in in Environmental Problems, West University of Timisoara, Pestalozzi St. 16, 300115 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Liviu Chirigiu
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Craiova, 2, Petru Rareș, 200349 Craiova, Romania
| | - Daniel Dumitru Herea
- National Institute of Research and Development for Technical Physics, 47 Mangeron Blvd, 700050 Iasi, Romania
| | - Maria-Alexandra Pricop
- OncoGen Centre, Clinical County Hospital "Pius Branzeu", Blvd. Liviu Rebreanu 156, 300723 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Patricia-Aida Saracin
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Craiova, 2, Petru Rareș, 200349 Craiova, Romania
| | - Ștefania Eliza Tanasie
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Craiova, 2, Petru Rareș, 200349 Craiova, Romania
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11
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Huang J, Zhu Y, Xiao H, Liu J, Li S, Zheng Q, Tang J, Meng X. Formation of a traditional Chinese medicine self-assembly nanostrategy and its application in cancer: a promising treatment. Chin Med 2023; 18:66. [PMID: 37280646 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-023-00764-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has been used for centuries to prevent and treat a variety of illnesses, and its popularity is increasing worldwide. However, the clinical applications of natural active components in TCM are hindered by the poor solubility and low bioavailability of these compounds. To address these issues, Chinese medicine self-assembly nanostrategy (CSAN) is being developed. Many active components of TCM possess self-assembly properties, allowing them to form nanoparticles (NPs) through various noncovalent forces. Self-assembled NPs (SANs) are also present in TCM decoctions, and they are closely linked to the therapeutic effects of these remedies. SAN is gaining popularity in the nano research field due to its simplicity, eco-friendliness, and enhanced biodegradability and biocompatibility compared to traditional nano preparation methods. The self-assembly of active ingredients from TCM that exhibit antitumour effects or are combined with other antitumour drugs has generated considerable interest in the field of cancer therapeutics. This paper provides a review of the principles and forms of CSAN, as well as an overview of recent reports on TCM that can be used for self-assembly. Additionally, the application of CSAN in various cancer diseases is summarized, and finally, a concluding summary and thoughts are proposed. We strongly believe that CSAN has the potential to offer fresh strategies and perspectives for the modernization of TCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju Huang
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Zhu
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Hang Xiao
- Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingwen Liu
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Songtao Li
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiao Zheng
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianyuan Tang
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, People's Republic of China.
- TCM Regulating Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xiangrui Meng
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, People's Republic of China.
- TCM Regulating Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, People's Republic of China.
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12
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Lanier ER, Andersen TB, Hamberger B. Plant terpene specialized metabolism: complex networks or simple linear pathways? THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2023; 114:1178-1201. [PMID: 36891828 PMCID: PMC11166267 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.16177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
From the perspectives of pathway evolution, discovery and engineering of plant specialized metabolism, the nature of the biosynthetic routes represents a critical aspect. Classical models depict biosynthesis typically from an end-point angle and as linear, for example, connecting central and specialized metabolism. As the number of functionally elucidated routes increased, the enzymatic foundation of complex plant chemistries became increasingly well understood. The perception of linear pathway models has been severely challenged. With a focus on plant terpenoid specialized metabolism, we review here illustrative examples supporting that plants have evolved complex networks driving chemical diversification. The completion of several diterpene, sesquiterpene and monoterpene routes shows complex formation of scaffolds and their subsequent functionalization. These networks show that branch points, including multiple sub-routes, mean that metabolic grids are the rule rather than the exception. This concept presents significant implications for biotechnological production.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Björn Hamberger
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan State University, Molecular Plant Sciences Building, 1066 Bogue Street, East Lansing, Michigan, 48824, USA
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13
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Haasbroek-Pheiffer A, Viljoen A, Steenekamp J, Chen W, Hamman J. Permeation of Phytochemicals of Selected Psychoactive Medicinal Plants across Excised Sheep Respiratory and Olfactory Epithelial Tissues. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15051423. [PMID: 37242666 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15051423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/01/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The intranasal route of drug administration offers an opportunity to bypass the blood-brain barrier and deliver compounds directly into the brain. Scientific evidence exists for medicinal plants (e.g., Centella asiatica and Mesembryanthemum tortuosum) to treat central nervous system conditions such as anxiety and depression. The ex vivo permeation of selected phytochemicals (i.e., asiaticoside and mesembrine) has been measured across excised sheep nasal respiratory and olfactory tissue. Permeation studies were conducted on individual phytochemicals and C. asiatica and M. tortuosum crude extracts. Asiaticoside exhibited statistically significantly higher permeation across both tissues when applied alone as compared to the C. asiatica crude extract, while mesembrine permeation was similar when applied alone or as M. tortuosum crude extract. Permeation of all the phytocompounds was similar or slightly higher than that of the drug atenolol across the respiratory tissue. Permeation of all the phytocompounds was similar to or slightly lower than that of atenolol across the olfactory tissue. In general, the permeation was higher across the olfactory epithelial tissue than across the respiratory epithelial tissue and therefore showed potential for direct nose-to-brain delivery of the selected psychoactive phytochemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anja Haasbroek-Pheiffer
- Centre of Excellence for Pharmaceutical Sciences (Pharmacen™), Faculty of Health Sciences, North-West University, Potchefstroom 2520, South Africa
| | - Alvaro Viljoen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tshwane University of Technology, Private Bag X680, Pretoria 0001, South Africa
- SAMRC Herbal Drugs Research Unit, Tshwane University of Technology, Pretoria 0001, South Africa
| | - Jan Steenekamp
- Centre of Excellence for Pharmaceutical Sciences (Pharmacen™), Faculty of Health Sciences, North-West University, Potchefstroom 2520, South Africa
| | - Weiyang Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tshwane University of Technology, Private Bag X680, Pretoria 0001, South Africa
| | - Josias Hamman
- SAMRC Herbal Drugs Research Unit, Tshwane University of Technology, Pretoria 0001, South Africa
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Arora P, Thukral R, Singla N, Bansal N. Antireproductive changes instigated by efficient drug delivery via papaya seed chloroform extract-based nanoparticles in male rat Bandicota bengalensis. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 192:105408. [PMID: 37105635 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2023.105408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Anti-reproductive potential of papaya seed chloroform extract-based solid lipid nanoparticles (PSCEN) was investigated for the first time in lesser bandicoot rat, Bandicota bengalensis. Mature male rats (n = 30 per group) were fed bait (loose mixture of cracked wheat, powdered sugar, and groundnut oil in the ratio 88:10:2) containing two different concentrations of PSCEN (5% and 10%) in a bi-choice condition for 15 days with one group as vehicle control. The ingestion of active ingredient in 15 days treatment was significantly (P ≤ 0.05) higher by rats treated with 10% PSCEN (39.17-58.70 g/kg body weight) as compared to rats treated with 5% PSCEN (21.30-33.23 g/kg body weight). A dose dependent significant (P ≤ 0.05) decrease was observed in the level of testosterone, FSH, LH and GnRH in plasma of treated rats. A significant (P ≤ 0.05) decrease was also observed in level of total soluble proteins, total lipids, phospholipids and cholesterol in both plasma and testicular tissue, and level of 17β-HSD and 3β-HSD in testicular tissue indicating anti-reproductive effects of PSCEN treatment. There was observed significant (P ≤ 0.05) effect of treatment on histomorphology of testis and cauda epididymis in the form of reduced tubular diameter, germinal epithelial thickness, number of germ cells and dissociation of epithelial cycle in seminiferous tubules, and reduced tubular diameter, increased epithelial thickness, vacuolization, loose contact of principle cells and reduced number of spermatozoa in the cauda epididymal tubules. Maximum antifertility effect was observed with 10% PSCEN treatment, which was not reversed upto 105 days of treatment withdrawal indicating long-term efficacy. The current investigation suggests the use of PSCEN in the management of reproduction of B. bengalensis by exerting influence on testicular and cauda epididymal functions and biochemical parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Payal Arora
- Department of Zoology, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana 141004, India
| | - Ruchika Thukral
- Department of Zoology, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana 141004, India
| | - Neena Singla
- Department of Zoology, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana 141004, India.
| | - Neelam Bansal
- Department of Veterinary Anatomy, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana 141004, India
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15
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Liu M, Zhou J, Li Y, Ding Y, Lian J, Dong Q, Qu Q, Lv W, Guo S. Effects of dietary polyherbal mixtures on growth performance, antioxidant capacity, immune function and jejunal health of yellow-feathered broilers. Poult Sci 2023; 102:102714. [PMID: 37172360 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2023.102714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/14/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the effects of polyherbal mixtures (PHM) on growth performance, antioxidant capacities, immune function, and intestinal health in yellow-feathered broilers. PHM is composed of five traditional Chinese medicine herbs (Portulaca oleracea L., Radix Sophora flavescens, Thalictrum glandulosissimum, Terra flava usta, and Pogostemon cablin). A total of 270 one-day-old yellow-feathered broilers were randomly allotted into 3 treatments for a 42-d feeding trial, each with 6 replicates of 15 birds. The dietary treatments consisted of a basal diet (CON), a basal diet supplemented with 50 mg/kg chlortetracycline (CTC), and a basal diet supplemented with 1000 mg/kg PHM. The results showed that dietary PHM supplementation increased body weight, ADG, and decreased F/G compared to the CON. PHM also increased spleen index and mRNA expression of IL-4 (d 21), and thymus index, serum IgA (d 42) and IgG, IL-4 and sIgA in jejunal mucosa (d 21 and 42), but decreased serum IFN-γ and mRNA expression of IFN-γ (d 21 and 42). In addition, PHM increased serum SOD, GSH-Px (d 21 and 42) and T-AOC (d 42), but decreased the content of serum MDA (d 21), the up-regulated mRNA expression of GSH-Px, CAT (d 21), SOD and CAT (d 42). Furthermore, PHM also improved the intestinal epithelial barrier indicators by the up-regulated mRNA expression of CLDN-1, OCLN (d 21 and 42) and ZO-1 (d 21), and the increased of villus height and villus height to crypt depth in jejunum (d 42). The high-throughput sequencing results showed that dietary PHM supplementation increased the alpha diversity and relative abundance of Oscillospira and Ruminococcus (d 21) and Lactobacillus (d 42), whereas decreasing that of Enterococcus (d 21) compared with CON. PICRUSt analysis revealed that metabolic pathways of carbohydrate, energy, lipid, cofactors, and vitamins were significantly enriched in the PHM group. Spearman's correlation analysis revealed that the genera Lactobacillus, Enterococcus, Ruminococcus, Oscillospira, and Faecalibacterium were related to growth performance, intestinal integrity, immune-related factors, antioxidant indices, and tight junction proteins. In conclusion, the results indicated that dietary PHM supplementation improved growth performance and immune status of yellow-feathered broilers by enhancing antioxidant capacities, barrier function, and modulated jejunal microbial communities. PHM used in our study has the potential to replace prophylactic antibiotic use in poultry production systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengjie Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Zhou
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yue Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yiqing Ding
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiale Lian
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Dong
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Qu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Weijie Lv
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Shining Guo
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China; Guangdong Technology Research center for Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine and Natural Medicine, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.
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16
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Nyakundi BB, Yang J. Uses of Papaya Leaf and Seaweed Supplementations for Controlling Glucose Homeostasis in Diabetes. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24076846. [PMID: 37047820 PMCID: PMC10095424 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Studies from laboratory animal models and complementary medical practices have implied that nutrients from special plants or herbs contain antidiabetic, antioxidant, anti-obese, anti-hypertensive, and anti-inflammatory properties. Seaweed and tropical papaya, which are widely available in Asian and Pacific countries, have been used as home remedies for centuries. The bioactive extracts from these plants contain vitamins A, C, B and E complexes, as well as polysaccharides, phenolic compounds, essential fatty acids, flavonoids, saponins, fucoidan, and phlorotannin. In this review, the authors examine the pathogenesis of diabetes characterized by hyperglycemia due to the dysregulation of glucose homeostasis, antidiabetic/antihyperglycemic seaweed or/and papaya derived bioactive phytochemicals and their proposed mechanisms of action in the management of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM). The authors also propose combining papaya and seaweed to enhance their antidiabetic effects, leveraging the advantages of herb-to-herb combination. Papaya and seaweed have demonstrated antidiabetic effects through in vitro assays, cellular models, and animal studies despite the limited clinical trials. Nutraceuticals with antidiabetic effects, such as secondary metabolites isolated from seaweed and papaya, could be combined for a synergistic effect on T2DM management. However, the application of these compounds in their purified or mixed forms require further scientific studies to evaluate their efficacy against diabetes-related complications, such as hyperlipidemia, elevated free radicals, pro-inflammatory molecules, insulin insensitivity, and the degeneration of pancreatic beta cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benard B. Nyakundi
- Department of Human Nutrition, Food and Animal Sciences, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA
| | - Jinzeng Yang
- Department of Human Nutrition, Food and Animal Sciences, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA
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17
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Zhang Y, Gao Z, Cai Y, Dou X, Liang Y, Zhang W, Wu G, Ye J. A novel strategy integrating gas phase fractionation with staggered mass range and LC-MS/MS molecular network for comprehensive metabolites profiling of Gui Ling Ji in rats. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2023; 222:115092. [PMID: 36228473 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2022.115092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
Abstract
Metabolite detection from complex biological samples faces challenges due to interference from endogenous substrates and the inherent limitation of multiple subsequent tandem scanning rates of instruments. Here, a new integrated approach based on gas-phase fractionation with a staggered mass range (sGPF) and a liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) molecular network was developed to accelerate the data processing of the targeted and untargeted constituents absorbed in rats after oral administration of the traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) prescription Gui Ling Ji (GLJ). Compared with three conventional acquisition methods, sGPF at 3, 5, and 7 mass fractions could enhance MS/MS coverage with an increased MS/MS triggering rate of 29.4-206.2% over data-dependent acquisition (DDA), fast DDA and gas-phase fractionation. A mass range fraction setting of five optimized the performance. Based on the similar diagnostic fragment ions and characteristic neutral loss behaviors in the DDA-MS/MS spectrum, an initial molecular network of GLJ was created with the help of the global natural products social molecular networking (GNPS) platform. Furthermore, to remove the endogenous interference nodes, Cytoscape software was adopted to produce a clean and concise molecular network of prototype compounds and their corresponding metabolites. Using this strategy, a total of 210 compounds, including 59 prototype constituents and 151 metabolites, was unambiguously or tentatively identified in GLJ. This first systematic metabolic study of GLJ in vivo elucidated the potential pharmacodynamic basis of GLJ in clinical treatment. More importantly, this work can serve as a practical example and establish a guide for rapidly identifying TCM metabolites in biological matrices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhao Zhang
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Medical Sciences, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, PR China; School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211198, PR China
| | - Ziqing Gao
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Medical Sciences, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, PR China
| | - Yingli Cai
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Medical Sciences, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, PR China
| | - Xiuxiu Dou
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Medical Sciences, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, PR China
| | - Yanlin Liang
- Guangyuyuan Chinese Medicine Co., Ltd., Shanxi 030800, PR China
| | - Weidong Zhang
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Medical Sciences, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, PR China; School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211198, PR China; School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, PR China.
| | - Gaosong Wu
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Medical Sciences, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, PR China.
| | - Ji Ye
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, PR China.
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18
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Shen R, Chen Y, Li X, Wang X, Yang A, Kou X. Carrier-free Chinese herbal small molecules self-assembly with 3D-porous crystal framework as a synergistic anti-AD agent. Int J Pharm 2023; 630:122458. [PMID: 36462740 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2022.122458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2022] [Revised: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a devastating neurodegenerative disease caused by multiple factors. Single-target drugs have limited efficacy for AD treatment. Therefore, multi-target intervention strategy has great potential. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is mostly used in the form of compound prescription, which has the polypharmacology behavior. Rhizoma Coptidis and Radix et Rhizoma Rhei are frequently used as the couplet medicines of TCM for AD therapy. In this study, the novel carrier-free nanoassembly with 3D-porous frame crystal structure has formulated from supramolecular self-assembly of berberine (BER) and rhein (RHE), the main active components of Rhizoma Coptidis and Radix et Rhizoma Rhei, respectively. Combining with the spectral data and single crystal structure, the self-assembly process was clarified as dominated by electrostatic interaction and π-π stacking. In vitro release property, cholinesterase (ChE) inhibition, β-amyloid (Aβ) aggregation regulation, radical elimination, metal ions chelation and cytotoxicity assay indicated that the obtained BER-RHE assembly had the Fickian diffusion-controlled sustained release ability, synergistic biological activities and virtually no neurotoxicity. In addition, in vivo reactive oxygen species (ROS) level evaluation showed that the assembly could reduce the accumulation of intracellular ROS in Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans). Meanwhile, BER-RHE assembly could also be used as a novel potential carrier for drug delivery due to its superior 3D-porous frame. This green and facile strategy for carrier-free nanoassembly microscopic construction via supramolecular self-assembly might provide inspiration for the development of multi-target therapy for AD and the design of the novel drug delivery system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Shen
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Yuhong Chen
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Xiangyu Li
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Xi Wang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Aihong Yang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China.
| | - Xiaodi Kou
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China.
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19
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de Oliveira GD, da Rocha WRV, Rodrigues JFB, Alves HDS. Synergistic and Antibiofilm Effects of the Essential Oil from Croton conduplicatus (Euphorbiaceae) against Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 16:ph16010055. [PMID: 36678551 PMCID: PMC9867205 DOI: 10.3390/ph16010055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Revised: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacterial resistance refers to the ability of bacteria to resist the action of some antibiotics due to the development of adaptation and resistance mechanisms. It is a serious public health problem, especially for diseases caused by opportunistic bacteria. In this context, the search for new drugs, used alone or in combination, appears as an alternative for the treatment of microbial infections, and natural products, such as essential oils, are important in this process due to their structural diversity, which increases the probability for antimicrobial action. The objective of this study was to extract and identify the chemical components of the essential oil from Croton conduplicatus (EOCC), to evaluate the antimicrobial activity, to investigate the effect of the interaction between the EOCC and different antibiotics and to evaluate its antibiofilm potential. The EOCC was obtained by hydrodistillation. Based on chemical characterisation, 70 compounds were identified, with 1.8 cineole (13.15%), p-cymene (10.68%), caryophyllene (9.73%) and spathulenol (6.36%) being the major constituents. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of EOCC were 256 and 512 µg mL-1 for methicillin-sensitive and -resistant Staphylococcus aureus strains (MSSA and MRSA), respectively. The combinations of EOCC with the antibiotics oxacillin and ampicillin were synergistic (OXA/EOCC and AMP/EOCC combined decreased the OXA MIC and AMP MIC to 0.5 and 0.25 for MSSA, respectively, and OXA/EOCC and AMP/EOCC combined decreased the OXA MIC and the AMP MIC to 1 and 0.5 for MRSA, respectively) and could modify the resistance profile of MSSA and MRSA strains. The results indicated that EOCC was also able to partially inhibit biofilm formation. Our study presents important information about the chemical composition of EOCC and its antimicrobial potential and provides a reference to determine the mechanisms of action of EOCC and its use in pharmaceutical formulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Genil Dantas de Oliveira
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceuticals Sciences, Department of Pharmacy, State University of Paraiba, Campina Grande 58429-500, Brazil
| | - Wilma Raianny Vieira da Rocha
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceuticals Sciences, Department of Pharmacy, State University of Paraiba, Campina Grande 58429-500, Brazil
| | - José Filipe Bacalhau Rodrigues
- Postgraduate Program in Materials Science and Engineering, Department of Materials Engineering, Federal University of Campina Grande, Campina Grande 58429-900, Brazil
| | - Harley da Silva Alves
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceuticals Sciences, Department of Pharmacy, State University of Paraiba, Campina Grande 58429-500, Brazil
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +55-83-98790-9234
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Natural Taxanes: From Plant Composition to Human Pharmacology and Toxicity. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232415619. [PMID: 36555256 PMCID: PMC9779243 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232415619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2022] [Revised: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Biologically active taxanes, present in small- to medium-sized evergreen conifers of various Taxus species, are widely used for their antioxidant, antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory effects, but mostly for their antitumour effects used in the treatment of solid tumours of the breast, ovary, lung, bladder, prostate, oesophagus and melanoma. More of the substances found in Taxus plant extracts have medical potential. Therefore, at the beginning of this review, we describe the methods of isolation, identification and determination of taxanes in different plant parts. One of the most important taxanes is paclitaxel, for which we summarize the pharmacokinetic parameters of its different formulations. We also describe toxicological risks during clinical therapy such as hypersensitivity, neurotoxicity, gastrointestinal, cardiovascular, haematological, skin and renal toxicity and toxicity to the respiratory system. Since the effect of the drug-form PTX is enhanced by various Taxus spp. extracts, we summarize published clinical intoxications and all fatal poisonings for the Taxus baccata plant. This showed that, despite their significant use in anticancer treatment, attention should also be focused on the risk of fatal intoxication due to ingestion of extracts from these plants, which are commonly found in our surroundings.
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Shams F, Azeem A, Shams A, Tawab A, Rehman S, Tariq S, Latief N, Ijaz B. Flavonoid rich extract of Trigonella foenum-graecum leaves ameliorate liver fibrosis. FOOD BIOSCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2022.102046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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22
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Segneanu AE, Vlase G, Lukinich-Gruia AT, Herea DD, Grozescu I. Untargeted Metabolomic Approach of Curcuma longa to Neurodegenerative Phytocarrier System Based on Silver Nanoparticles. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:2261. [PMID: 36421447 PMCID: PMC9686783 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11112261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Curcuma is one of the most famous medicinal and tropical aromatic plants. Its health benefits have been appreciated and exploited in traditional Asian medicine since ancient times. Various studies have investigated its complex chemical composition and demonstrated the remarkable therapeutic properties of curcuma's phytoconstituents. Oxidative stress is a decisive driving factor triggering numerous pathologies (neurodegenerative, psychiatric and cardiovascular diseases; diabetes; tumors, etc.). Numerous recent studies have focused on the use of natural compounds and nanomaterials as innovative molecular targeting agents as effective therapeutic strategies. In this study, we report, for the first time, the development of a simple target phytocarrier system that capitalizes on the bioactive properties of curcuma and AgNPs. The complete metabolic profile of curcuma was determined based on gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and electrospray ionization quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (ESI-QTOF-MS). A total of 80 metabolites were identified under mass spectra (MS)-positive mode from 10 secondary metabolite categories: terpenoids, amino acids, diarylheptanoids, flavonoids, phenolic acids, steroids, fatty acids, coumarins, alkaloids and miscellaneous. In addition, the biological activity of each class of metabolites was discussed. A comprehensive characterization (FT-IR, UV-Vis, DLS, SEM, TEM, EDS, zeta potential and XRD) was performed to study the morphostructural properties of this new phytocarrier system. Antioxidant activity of the new phytocarrier system was evaluated using a combination of in vitro methods (total phenolic assay, 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging assay and cyclic voltammetric method (Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC) electrochemical assay)). Antioxidants assays showed that the phytocarrier system exhibits superior antioxidant properties to those of its components, i.e., curcuma or citrate-coated-AgNPs. These data confirm the potential to enhance relevant theoretical knowledge in the area of innovative antioxidant agents, with potential application in neurodegenerative therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adina-Elena Segneanu
- Institute for Advanced Environmental Research, West University of Timisoara (ICAM-WUT), Oituz nr. 4, 300086 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Gabriela Vlase
- Institute for Advanced Environmental Research, West University of Timisoara (ICAM-WUT), Oituz nr. 4, 300086 Timisoara, Romania
- Res. Ctr. Thermal Anal Environm Problems, West University of Timisoara, Pestalozzi St. 16, 300115 Timisoara, Romania
| | | | - Dumitru-Daniel Herea
- National Institute of Research and Development for Technical Physics, 47 Mangeron Blvd, 700050 Iasi, Romania
| | - Ioan Grozescu
- CAICON Department, University Politehnica Timisoara, 2 P-ta Victoriei, 300006 Timisoara, Romania
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Mesmar J, Abdallah R, Hamade K, Baydoun S, Al-Thani N, Shaito A, Maresca M, Badran A, Baydoun E. Ethanolic extract of Origanum syriacum L. leaves exhibits potent anti-breast cancer potential and robust antioxidant properties. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:994025. [PMID: 36299882 PMCID: PMC9589507 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.994025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Breast cancer (BC) is the second most common cancer overall. In women, BC is the most prevalent cancer and the leading cause of cancer-related mortality. Triple-negative BC (TNBC) is the most aggressive BC, being resistant to hormonal and targeted therapies. Hypothesis/Purpose: The medicinal plant Origanum syriacum L. is a shrubby plant rich in bioactive compounds and widely used in traditional medicine to treat various diseases. However, its therapeutic potential against BC remains poorly investigated. In the present study, we screened the phytochemical content of an ethanolic extract of O. syriacum (OSEE) and investigated its anticancer effects and possible underlying mechanisms of action against the aggressive and highly metastatic human TNBC cell line MDA-MB-231. Methods: MTT, trans-well migration, and scratch assays were used to assess cell viability, invasion, or migration, respectively. Antioxidant potential was evaluated in vitro using the DPPH radical-scavenging assay and levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) were assessed in cells in culture using DHE staining. Aggregation assays were used to determine cell-cell adhesion. Flow cytometry was used to analyze cell cycle progression. Protein levels of markers of apoptosis (BCL-2, pro-Caspase3, p53), proliferation (p21, Ki67), cell migration, invasion, or adhesion (FAK, E-cadherin), angiogenesis (iNOS), and cell signaling (STAT3, p38) were determined by immunoblotting. A chorioallantoic Membrane (CAM) assay evaluated in ovo angiogenesis. Results: We demonstrated that OSEE had potent radical scavenging activity in vitro and induced the generation of ROS in MDA-MB-231 cells, especially at higher OSEE concentrations. Non-cytotoxic concentrations of OSEE attenuated cell proliferation and induced G0/G1 cell cycle arrest, which was associated with phosphorylation of p38 MAPK, an increase in the levels of tumor suppressor protein p21, and a decrease of proliferation marker protein Ki67. Additionally, only higher concentrations of OSEE were able to attenuate inhibition of proliferation induced by the ROS scavenger N-acetyl cysteine (NAC), indicating that the anti-proliferative effects of OSEE could be ROS-dependent. OSEE stimulated apoptosis and its effector Caspase-3 in MDA-MB-231 cells, in correlation with activation of the STAT3/p53 pathway. Furthermore, the extract reduced the migration and invasive properties of MDA-MB-231 cells through the deactivation of focal adhesion kinase (FAK). OSEE also reduced the production of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and inhibited in ovo angiogenesis. Conclusion: Our findings reveal that OSEE is a rich source of phytochemicals and has robust anti-breast cancer properties that significantly attenuate the malignant phenotype of MD-MB-231 cells, suggesting that O. syriacum may not only act as a rich source of potential TNBC therapeutics but may also provide new avenues for the design of novel TNBC drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joelle Mesmar
- Department of Biology, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Rola Abdallah
- Department of Biology, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Kamar Hamade
- UMRT INRE 1158 BioEcoAgro, Laboratorie BIOPI, University of Picardie Jules Verne, Amiens, France
| | - Serine Baydoun
- Breast Imaging Section, Imaging Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Najlaa Al-Thani
- Research and Development Department, Barzan Holdings, Doha, Qatar
| | - Abdullah Shaito
- Biomedical Research Center, College of Medicine, and Department of Biomedical Sciences at College of Health Sciences, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
- *Correspondence: Abdullah Shaito, ; Marc Maresca, ; Elias Baydoun,
| | - Marc Maresca
- Aix-Marseille University, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, iSm2, Marseille, France
- *Correspondence: Abdullah Shaito, ; Marc Maresca, ; Elias Baydoun,
| | - Adnan Badran
- Department of Nutrition, University of Petra, Amman, Jordan
| | - Elias Baydoun
- Department of Biology, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
- *Correspondence: Abdullah Shaito, ; Marc Maresca, ; Elias Baydoun,
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Li Z, Xu X, Wang Y, Kong L, Han C. Carrier-free nanoplatforms from natural plants for enhanced bioactivity. J Adv Res 2022:S2090-1232(22)00215-6. [PMID: 36208834 PMCID: PMC10403678 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2022.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Revised: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Natural plants as well as traditional Chinese medicine have made outstanding contributions to the health and reproduction of human beings and remain the basis and major resource for drug innovation. Carrier-free nanoplatforms completely self-assembled by pure molecules or therapeutic components have attracted increasing attention due to their advantages of improved pharmacodynamics/pharmacokinetics, reduced toxicity, and high drug loading. In recent years, carrier-free nanoplatforms produced by self-assembly from natural plants have contributed to progress in a variety of therapeutic modalities. Notably, these nanoplatforms based on the interactions of components from different natural plants improve efficiency and depress toxicity. AIM OF REVIEW In this review, different types of self-assembled nanoplatforms are first summarized, mainly including nanoassemblies of pure small molecules isolated from different plants, extracellular vesicles separated from fresh plants, charcoal nanocomponents obtained from charred plants, and nanoaggregates from plants formulae decoctions. Key Scientific Concepts of Review: We mainly focus on composition, self-assembly mechanisms, biological activity and modes of action. Finally, a future perspective of existing challenges with respect to the clinical application of plant-based carrier-free nanoplatforms is discussed, which may be instructive to further develop effective carrier-free nanoplatforms from natural plants in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongrui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, PR China; Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, 101 longmian Avenue, Nanjing 211166, PR China
| | - Xiao Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, PR China
| | - Yun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, PR China
| | - Lingyi Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, PR China.
| | - Chao Han
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, PR China.
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Chitosan/xanthan gum-based (Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose-co-2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid) interpenetrating hydrogels for controlled release of amorphous solid dispersion of bioactive constituents of Pueraria lobatae. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 224:380-395. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.10.131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2022] [Revised: 10/01/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Thakur M, Vasudeva N, Sharma S, Datusalia AK. Plants and their Bioactive Compounds as a Possible Treatment for Traumatic Brain Injury-Induced Multi-Organ Dysfunction Syndrome. CNS & NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS DRUG TARGETS 2022; 22:CNSNDDT-EPUB-126021. [PMID: 36045522 DOI: 10.2174/1871527321666220830164432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Revised: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVE Traumatic brain injury is an outcome of the physical or mechanical impact of external forces on the brain. Thus, the silent epidemic has complex pathophysiology affecting the brain along with extracranial or systemic complications in more than one organ system, including the heart, lungs, liver, kidney, gastrointestinal and endocrine system. which is referred to as Multi-Organ Dysfunction Syndrome. It is driven by three interconnected mechanisms such as systemic hyperinflammation, paroxysmal sympathetic hyperactivity, and immunosuppression-induced sepsis. These multifaceted pathologies accelerate the risk of mortality in clinical settings by interfering with the functions of distant organs through hypertension, cardiac arrhythmias, acute lung injury, neurogenic pulmonary edema, reduced gastrointestinal motility, Cushing ulcers, acute liver failure, acute kidney injury, coagulopathy, endocrine dysfunction, and many other impairments. The pharmaceutical treatment approach for this is highly specific in its mode of action and linked to a variety of side effects, including hallucinations, seizures, anaphylaxis, teeth, bone staining, etc. Therefore, alternative natural medicine treatments are widely accepted due to their broad complementary or synergistic effects on the physiological system with minor side effects. CONCLUSION This review is a compilation of the possible mechanisms behind the occurrence of multiorgan dysfunction and reported medicinal plants with organoprotective activity that have not been yet explored against traumatic brain injury and thereby, highlighting the marked possibilities of their effectiveness in the management of multiorgan dysfunction. As a result, we attempted to respond to the hypothesis against the usage of medicinal plants to treat neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manisha Thakur
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science & Technology, Hisar, Haryana, India
| | - Neeru Vasudeva
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science & Technology, Hisar, Haryana, India
| | - Sunil Sharma
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science & Technology, Hisar, Haryana, India
| | - Ashok Kumar Datusalia
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology/Regulatory Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Raebareli, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Xu Q, Cheng M, Jiang R, Zhao X, Zhu J, Liu M, Chao X, Zhang C, Zhou B. Effects of dietary supplement with a Chinese herbal mixture on growth performance, antioxidant capacity, and gut microbiota in weaned pigs. Front Vet Sci 2022; 9:971647. [PMID: 36072392 PMCID: PMC9442064 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.971647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Weaning stress decreases the growth performance of piglets and is one of the main concerns of pig industries. Traditional Chinese herbal medicines have been used to reduce the adverse effects of weaning stress as both nutritional supplements and antibiotic substitutes. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of a Chinese herbal mixture (Kangtaile, which contained Paeonia lactiflora, licorice, dandelion, and tea polyphenols) on the growth performances, immune response, antioxidant capacity, and intestinal microbiota of weaned pigs. A total of 400 weaned pigs [Duroc × (Landrace × Yorkshire)] were randomly allocated into one of four treatments: the CON group, fed with basic diet; the HM1 group, fed with basal diet supplemented with 0.5 g herbal mixture/kg diet; the HM2 group, fed with basal diet supplemented with 1.0 g herbal mixture/kg diet; or the HM3 group, fed with basal diet supplemented with 1.5 g herbal mixture/kg diet. The results revealed that dietary supplementation with the herbal mixture for 28 days improved average daily gain and feed conversion ratio, while decreased the diarrhea rate of weaned pigs. Moreover, dietary supple-mentation with the herbal mixture improved the antioxidant capacity through increasing the activity of catalase (CAT) and the total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) level, while decreasing the concentration of malondialdehyde (MDA) in the serum. Pigs supplemented with herbal mixture presented an increased serum immunoglobulin (Ig)M level on day 14 compared with control pigs. The herbal mixture altered the composition of intestinal microbiota by influencing the relative abundances of Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes at the phylum level. The relative abundances of the Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes were significantly related to the body weight gain of pigs. In conclusion, supplementation of herbal mixture to the diet improved growth performance, immunity, and antioxidant capacity and modified the composition of intestinal microbiota in weaning pigs. This study provided new insights into the nutritional regulation effects of the herbal mixtures on weaned pigs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinglei Xu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Meng Cheng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Rong Jiang
- Wuxi Sanzhi Bio-Tech Co., Ltd., Wuxi, China
| | - Xianle Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jianjin Zhu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Mingzheng Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaohuan Chao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chunlei Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Bo Zhou
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- *Correspondence: Bo Zhou
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How Should the Worldwide Knowledge of Traditional Cancer Healing Be Integrated with Herbs and Mushrooms into Modern Molecular Pharmacology? Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15070868. [PMID: 35890166 PMCID: PMC9320176 DOI: 10.3390/ph15070868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Revised: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Traditional herbal medicine (THM) is a “core” from which modern medicine has evolved over time. Besides this, one third of people worldwide have no access to modern medicine and rely only on traditional medicine. To date, drugs of plant origin, or their derivates (paclitaxel, vinblastine, vincristine, vinorelbine, etoposide, camptothecin, topotecan, irinotecan, and omacetaxine), are very important in the therapy of malignancies and they are included in most chemotherapeutic regimes. To date, 391,000 plant and 14,000 mushroom species exist. Their medical and biochemical capabilities have not been studied in detail. In this review, we systematized the information about plants and mushrooms, as well as their active compounds with antitumor properties. Plants and mushrooms are divided based on the regions where they are used in ethnomedicine to treat malignancies. The majority of their active compounds with antineoplastic properties and mechanisms of action are described. Furthermore, on the basis of the available information, we divided them into two priority groups for research and for their potential of use in antitumor therapy. As there are many prerequisites and some examples how THM helps and strengthens modern medicine, finally, we discuss the positive points of THM and the management required to transform and integrate THM into the modern medicine practice.
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Romanian Viscum album L.—Untargeted Low-Molecular Metabolomic Approach to Engineered Viscum–AuNPs Carrier Assembly. PLANTS 2022; 11:plants11141820. [PMID: 35890454 PMCID: PMC9316836 DOI: 10.3390/plants11141820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Revised: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Viscum is one of the most famous and appreciated medicinal plants in Europe and beyond. The symbiotic relationship with the host tree and various endogenous and ecological aspects are the main factors on which the viscum metabolites’ profiles depend. In addition, European traditional medicine mentions that only in two periods of the year (summer solstice and winter solstice) the therapeutic potential of the plant is at its maximum. Many studies have investigated the phytotherapeutic properties of viscum grown on different species of trees. However, studies on Romanian viscum are relatively few and refer mainly to the antioxidant and antiproliferative activity of mistletoe grown on Acer campestre, Fraxinus excelsior, Populus nigra, Malus domestica, or Robinia pseudoacacia. This study reports the first complete low-molecular-weight metabolite profile of Romanian wild-grown European viscum. A total of 140 metabolites were identified under mass spectra (MS) positive mode from 15 secondary metabolite categories: flavonoids, amino acids and peptides, terpenoids, phenolic acids, fatty acids, organic acids, nucleosides, alcohols and esters, amines, coumarins, alkaloids, lignans, steroids, aldehydes, and miscellaneous. In addition, the biological activity of each class of metabolite is discussed. The development of a simple and selective phyto-engineered AuNPs carrier assembly is reported and an evaluation of the nanocarrier system’s morpho-structure is performed, to capitalize on the beneficial properties of viscum and AuNPs.
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Wan Y, Dong Z, Li H, Yang L, Li W, Zhu K, Jiang S, Qian D, Duan J. Comparative pharmacokinetics of the main active components in normal and ulcerative colitis rats after oral administration of Zingiberis Rhizoma-Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma herb pair and its single herb extracts by LC-MS/MS. J Sep Sci 2022; 45:2228-2238. [PMID: 35474281 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202101019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Revised: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Zingiberis Rhizoma and Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma are usually used together for the treatment of ulcerative colitis in clinical practices. However, their compatibility mechanism remains unclear. In this study, a rapid and sensitive liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry method was developed for simultaneous quantification of ginsenoside Re, ginsenoside Rg1, ginsenoside Rb1, and 6-gingerol in rat plasma after oral administration of Zingiberis Rhizoma-Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma herb pair and its single herb extracts. The calibration curves exhibited good linearity, with correlation coefficients of more than 0.993. The precision deviations of intra- and interday analysis were within 10.66%, and accuracy error ranged from -12.74 to 11.56%. The average recoveries of analytes were higher than 76.60% and the matrix effects were minimal. Thus, the validated method was successfully applied to a pharmacokinetic study of four ingredients in normal and ulcerative colitis rat plasma. The results indicated that the pharmacokinetic parameters of four analytes in normal and model groups showed significant differences. The larger exposure (the mean AUC0-t of ginsenoside Re, ginsenoside Rg1, ginsenoside Rb1, and 6-gingerol were increased by 50.93, 141.90, 3.68, and 37.25%, respectively) and slower elimination (the CLz/F of ginsenoside Re, ginsenoside Rg1, and 6-gingerol were decreased by 52.94, 83.64, and 32.18%, respectively) were observed in ulcerative colitis rats. Furthermore, compared with single herbs, the analytes in rat plasma after oral administration of combined extracts presented relatively high systemic exposure levels with AUC0-t > 2000 h·ng/mL and Cmax > 200 ng/mL. Collectively, the differences of pharmacokinetic characteristics revealed the synergistic effect of Zingiberis Rhizoma-Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma herb pair, which provided a valuable and reliable basis for its clinical application in the treatment of ulcerative colitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Wan
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, P. R. China
| | - Zhiling Dong
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, P. R. China
| | - Huifang Li
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, P. R. China
| | - Lei Yang
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, P. R. China
| | - Wenwen Li
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, P. R. China
| | - Ke Zhu
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, P. R. China
| | - Shu Jiang
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, P. R. China
| | - Dawei Qian
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, P. R. China
| | - Jinao Duan
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, P. R. China
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Woottisin N, Sukprasert S, Kulsirirat T, Tharavanij T, Sathirakul K. Evaluation of the Intestinal Permeability of Rosmarinic Acid from Thunbergia laurifolia Leaf Water Extract in a Caco-2 Cell Model. Molecules 2022; 27:3884. [PMID: 35745006 PMCID: PMC9227994 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27123884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Revised: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Thunbergia laurifolia (TL) has been traditionally used as an antidote and an antipyretic drug by folk healers for centuries in Thailand. Rosmarinic acid (RA) is major compound in TL extract and has attracted great interest due to its potential broad pharmacological effects. Herein, the permeability of RA was investigated in TL extract and as a pure compound in a Caco-2 cell model by using high-performance liquid chromatography with a photodiode array detector (HPLC-PDA). The results reveal that the apparent permeability coefficient (Papp) values of RA in TL extracts and pure RA significantly increased after deconjugation by β-glucuronidase/sulfatase enzymes. Our findings exhibit possible saturable biotransformation of RA and/or membrane transport while penetrated through Caco-2 cells. The cumulative amounts of RA as pure compounds and in TL extracts increased with the exposure time, and the efflux ratio (ER) was 0.27-1.14. RA in the TL extract has a similar absorption in the conjugated form and in the pure compound. The intestinal absorption of them is through passive diffusion. Therefore, our findings conclude that the intestinal transport of RA in TL extracts was mainly penetrated as conjugated forms with glucuronic acid and/or sulfate across Caco-2 cells and transported via passive diffusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nanthakarn Woottisin
- Graduate Program in Integrative Medicine, Chulabhorn International College of Medicine, Thammasart University (Rangsit Campus), Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand;
| | - Sophida Sukprasert
- Division of Integrative Medicine, Chulabhorn International College of Medicine, Thammasart University (Rangsit Campus), Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand
| | - Thitianan Kulsirirat
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand;
| | - Thipaporn Tharavanij
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Thammasat University (Rangsit Campus), Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand;
- Center of Excellence in Applied Epidemiology, Thammasat University (Rangsit Campus), Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand
| | - Korbtham Sathirakul
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand;
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Hou Y, Zou L, Li Q, Chen M, Ruan H, Sun Z, Xu X, Yang J, Ma G. Supramolecular assemblies based on natural small molecules: Union would be effective. Mater Today Bio 2022; 15:100327. [PMID: 35757027 PMCID: PMC9214787 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2022.100327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural products have been used to prevent and treat human diseases for thousands of years, especially the extensive natural small molecules (NSMs) such as terpenoids, steroids and glycosides. A quantity of studies are confined to concern about their chemical structures and pharmacological activities at the monomolecular level, whereas the spontaneous assemblies of them in liquids yielding supramolecular structures have not been clearly understood deeply. Compared to the macromolecules or synthetic small molecular compounds, NSMs have the inherent advantages of lower toxicity, better biocompatibility, biodegradability and biological activity. Self-assembly of single component and multicomponent co-assembly are unique techniques for designing supramolecular entities. Assemblies are of special significance due to their range of applications in the areas of drug delivery systems, pollutants capture, materials synthesis, etc. The assembled mechanism of supramolecular NSMs which are mainly driven by multiple non-covalent interactions are summarized. Furthermore, a new hypothesis aimed to interpret the integration effects of multi-components of traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) inspired on the theory of supramolecular assembly is proposed. Generally, this review can enlighten us to achieve the qualitative leap for understanding natural products from monomolecule to supramolecular structures and multi-component interactions, which is valuable for the intensive research and application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Hou
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resource Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education; Key Laboratory of New Drug Discovery Based on Classic Chinese Medicine Prescription, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Linjun Zou
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resource Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education; Key Laboratory of New Drug Discovery Based on Classic Chinese Medicine Prescription, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Qinglong Li
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resource Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education; Key Laboratory of New Drug Discovery Based on Classic Chinese Medicine Prescription, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Meiying Chen
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resource Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education; Key Laboratory of New Drug Discovery Based on Classic Chinese Medicine Prescription, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Haonan Ruan
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resource Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education; Key Laboratory of New Drug Discovery Based on Classic Chinese Medicine Prescription, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Zhaocui Sun
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resource Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education; Key Laboratory of New Drug Discovery Based on Classic Chinese Medicine Prescription, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Xudong Xu
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resource Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education; Key Laboratory of New Drug Discovery Based on Classic Chinese Medicine Prescription, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Junshan Yang
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resource Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education; Key Laboratory of New Drug Discovery Based on Classic Chinese Medicine Prescription, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Guoxu Ma
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resource Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education; Key Laboratory of New Drug Discovery Based on Classic Chinese Medicine Prescription, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
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Antimicrobial Biomaterial on Sutures, Bandages and Face Masks with Potential for Infection Control. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14101932. [PMID: 35631817 PMCID: PMC9143446 DOI: 10.3390/polym14101932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Revised: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a challenge for the survival of the human race. The steady rise of resistant microorganisms against the common antimicrobials results in increased morbidity and mortality rates. Iodine and a plethora of plant secondary metabolites inhibit microbial proliferation. Antiseptic iodophors and many phytochemicals are unaffected by AMR. Surgical site and wound infections can be prevented or treated by utilizing such compounds on sutures and bandages. Coating surgical face masks with these antimicrobials can reduce microbial infections and attenuate their burden on the environment by re-use. The facile combination of Aloe Vera Barbadensis Miller (AV), Trans-cinnamic acid (TCA) and Iodine (I2) encapsulated in a polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) matrix seems a promising alternative to common antimicrobials. The AV-PVP-TCA-I2 formulation was impregnated into sterile discs, medical gauze bandages, surgical sutures and face masks. Morphology, purity and composition were confirmed by several analytical methods. Antimicrobial activity of AV-PVP-TCA-I2 was investigated by disc diffusion methods against ten microbial strains in comparison to gentamycin and nystatin. AV-PVP-TCA-I2 showed excellent antifungal and strong to intermediate antibacterial activities against most of the selected pathogens, especially in bandages and face masks. The title compound has potential use for prevention or treatment of surgical site and wound infections. Coating disposable face masks with AV-PVP-TCA-I2 may be a sustainable solution for their re-use and waste management.
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Md S, Alhakamy NA, Sharma P, Ansari MS, Gorain B. Nanocarrier-based co-delivery approaches of chemotherapeutics with natural P-glycoprotein inhibitors in the improvement of multidrug resistance cancer therapy. J Drug Target 2022; 30:801-818. [DOI: 10.1080/1061186x.2022.2069782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shadab Md
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Center of Excellence for Drug Research & Pharmaceutical Industries, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nabil A. Alhakamy
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Center of Excellence for Drug Research & Pharmaceutical Industries, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Priyanka Sharma
- Center for Innovation in Personalized Medicine, King Fahad Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Bapi Gorain
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Ranchi 835215, India
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Charalambous D, Eliades NGH, Christoforou M, Kakouri E, Kanakis C, Tarantilis PA, Pantelidou M. Chemical Characterization, Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Properties of Different Types of Tissue of Cedrus brevifolia Henry Extracts. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27092717. [PMID: 35566066 PMCID: PMC9103736 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27092717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Revised: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to determine the chemical composition of different types of tissue of Cedrus brevifolia Henry (Pinaceae) methanolic extracts, namely needles, twigs, branches, and bark. Cedrus brevifolia is a narrow endemic coniferous tree species of Cyprus, growing in a sole population in the mountainous area of Paphos Forest. Chemical analysis of the extracts was performed using liquid chromatography combined with time-of-flight high-resolution mass spectrometry (LC/Q-TOF/HRMS). The majority of the 36 compounds tentatively identified belonged to the flavonoids family. The extract of needles was the richest extract in terms of secondary metabolites. The extracts were studied for their antioxidant activity using the DPPH free radical scavenging assay. Additionally, the antibacterial activity was evaluated by determining both the minimum inhibitory concentration and the minimum bactericidal concentration against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. All extracts demonstrated antioxidant property, while bark gave the highest antioxidant capacity (IC50 value of 0.011 mg/mL) compared to the other tissues. Antibacterial activity was observed against both types of bacteria, with the extract of branches presenting the strongest activity against S. aureus (MIC, 0.097 mg/mL and MBC, 0.195 mg/mL). This is the first time that extracts of needles, twigs, branches, and bark of C. brevifolia are compared regarding their chemical composition as well as their antimicrobial and antioxidant properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Despina Charalambous
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, Frederick University, 7, Y. Frederickou Str., Pallouriotissa, Nicosia 1036, Cyprus; (D.C.); (M.C.)
| | | | - Michalis Christoforou
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, Frederick University, 7, Y. Frederickou Str., Pallouriotissa, Nicosia 1036, Cyprus; (D.C.); (M.C.)
| | - Eleni Kakouri
- Laboratory of Chemistry, Department of Food Science & Human Nutrition, School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, 118 55 Athens, Greece; (E.K.); (C.K.); (P.A.T.)
| | - Charalabos Kanakis
- Laboratory of Chemistry, Department of Food Science & Human Nutrition, School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, 118 55 Athens, Greece; (E.K.); (C.K.); (P.A.T.)
| | - Petros A. Tarantilis
- Laboratory of Chemistry, Department of Food Science & Human Nutrition, School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, 118 55 Athens, Greece; (E.K.); (C.K.); (P.A.T.)
| | - Maria Pantelidou
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, Frederick University, 7, Y. Frederickou Str., Pallouriotissa, Nicosia 1036, Cyprus; (D.C.); (M.C.)
- Correspondence:
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Peng Q, Dai Y, Liu K, Tang X, Zhou M, Zhang Y, Xing J. Outstanding catalytic performance of metal-free peroxymonosulfate activator: Important role of chrysotile. Sep Purif Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2022.120526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Almukainzi M, A El-Masry T, A Negm W, Elekhnawy E, Saleh A, E Sayed A, A Khattab M, H Abdelkader D. Gentiopicroside PLGA Nanospheres: Fabrication, in vitro Characterization, Antimicrobial Action, and in vivo Effect for Enhancing Wound Healing in Diabetic Rats. Int J Nanomedicine 2022; 17:1203-1225. [PMID: 35330694 PMCID: PMC8938172 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s358606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Gentiopicroside (GPS), an adequate bioactive candidate, has a promising approach for enhancing wound healing due to its antioxidant and antimicrobial properties. Its poor aqueous solubility negatively affects oral absorption accompanied by low bioavailability due to intestinal/hepatic first-pass metabolism. Our aim in this study is to fabricate GPS into appropriate nanocarriers (PLGA nanospheres, NSs) to enhance its solubility and hence its oral absorption would be improved. Methods Normal and ODS silica gel together with Sephadex LH20 column used for isolation of GPS from Gentiana lutea roots. Crude GPS would be further processed for nanospheres fabrication using a single o/w emulsion solvent evaporation technique followed by in vitro optimization study to examine the effect of two formulation variables: polymer (PLGA) and stabilizer (PVA) concentrations on the physical characterizations of prepared NSs. Possible GPS-PLGA chemical and physical interactions have been analyzed using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The optimum GPS-PLGA NSs have been chosen for antimicrobial study to investigate its inhibitory action on Staphylococcus aureus compared with unloaded GPS NSs. Also, a well-designed in vivo study on streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats has been performed to examine the wound healing effect of GPS-PLGA NSs followed by histological examination of wound incisions at different day intervals throughout the study. Results The optimum GPS PLGA NSs (F5) with well-controlled particle size (250.10±07.86 nm), relative high entrapment efficiency (83.35±5.71), and the highest % cumulative release (85.79±8.74) have increased the antimicrobial activity as it exhibited a higher inhibitory effect on bacterial growth than free GPS. F5 showed a greater enhancing impact on wound healing and a significant stimulating effect on the synthesis of collagen fibers compared with free GPS. Conclusion These findings demonstrate that loading GPS into PLGA NSs is considered a promising strategy ensuring optimum GPS delivery for potential management of wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- May Almukainzi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Thanaa A El-Masry
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Walaa A Negm
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Engy Elekhnawy
- Pharmaceutical Microbiology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Asmaa Saleh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | | | - Mohamed A Khattab
- Department of Cytology and Histology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Dalia H Abdelkader
- Pharmaceutical Technology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
- Correspondence: Dalia H Abdelkader, Pharmaceutical Technology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta, 31111, Egypt, Tel +20 40 3336007, Fax +20 40 3335466, Email ;
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Zhao G, Hong L, Liu M, Jiang H, Peng D, He L, Chen W. Isolation and Characterization of Natural Nanoparticles in Naoluo Xintong Decoction and Their Brain Protection Research. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27051511. [PMID: 35268609 PMCID: PMC8911896 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27051511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Revised: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Currently, researchers use modern analytical techniques in a unique perspective of physical pharmacy to analyze the phase composition of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and have discovered that natural nanoparticles commonly exist in decoctions. This study aims to isolate and characterize the structure and composition of nanoparticles in Naoluo Xintong (NLXT) and investigate whether the brain protection effect of NLXT is closely related to NLXT-Nanoparticles (NLXT-NPs). Firstly, the dialysis-centrifugation method was used to separate the nanoparticles and then their size distribution, potential, and morphology were characterized. In addition, infrared spectroscopy and ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole-time of flight-mass spectrometer (UPLC-Q-TOF-MS) technology were used to analyze the composition of nanoparticles. As for the pharmacodynamic experiment, Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into sham, Middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) model, NLXT, NLXT with nanoparticles removing (NLXT-RN), NLXT-RN+Nanoparticles (NLXT-RN+NPs), and NLXT-NPs groups. After administration, the neurological function, histopathological changes, oxidative stress, and apoptosis level were measured. Our research showed that NLXT-NPs are mainly composed of polysaccharides, proteins, and saponins, with typical characteristics of two hundred-nanometer size and negatively loaded. NLXT can improve nerve function, reduce oxidative stress, and inhibit cell apoptosis. However, removing nanoparticles can significantly reduce the brain-protective effect of NLXT, which indicates that NLXT-NPs play an essential role in the efficacy of NLXT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guodong Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China; (G.Z.); (L.H.); (M.L.); (H.J.)
| | - Lu Hong
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China; (G.Z.); (L.H.); (M.L.); (H.J.)
| | - Mingming Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China; (G.Z.); (L.H.); (M.L.); (H.J.)
| | - Huihui Jiang
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China; (G.Z.); (L.H.); (M.L.); (H.J.)
| | - Daiyin Peng
- Key Laboratory of Xin’an Medicine Ministry of Education, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230038, China;
| | - Ling He
- Key Laboratory of Xin’an Medicine Ministry of Education, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230038, China;
- Correspondence: (L.H.); (W.C.)
| | - Weidong Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China; (G.Z.); (L.H.); (M.L.); (H.J.)
- Correspondence: (L.H.); (W.C.)
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Lim CL, Raju CS, Mahboob T, Kayesth S, Gupta KK, Jain GK, Dhobi M, Nawaz M, Wilairatana P, de Lourdes Pereira M, Patra JK, Paul AK, Rahmatullah M, Nissapatorn V. Precision and Advanced Nano-Phytopharmaceuticals for Therapeutic Applications. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:238. [PMID: 35055257 PMCID: PMC8778544 DOI: 10.3390/nano12020238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Phytopharmaceuticals have been widely used globally since ancient times and acknowledged by healthcare professionals and patients for their superior therapeutic value and fewer side-effects compared to modern medicines. However, phytopharmaceuticals need a scientific and methodical approach to deliver their components and thereby improve patient compliance and treatment adherence. Dose reduction, improved bioavailability, receptor selective binding, and targeted delivery of phytopharmaceuticals can be likely achieved by molding them into specific nano-formulations. In recent decades, nanotechnology-based phytopharmaceuticals have emerged as potential therapeutic candidates for the treatment of various communicable and non-communicable diseases. Nanotechnology combined with phytopharmaceuticals broadens the therapeutic perspective and overcomes problems associated with plant medicine. The current review highlights the therapeutic application of various nano-phytopharmaceuticals in neurological, cardiovascular, pulmonary, and gastro-intestinal disorders. We conclude that nano-phytopharmaceuticals emerge as promising therapeutics for many pathological conditions with good compliance and higher acceptance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chooi Ling Lim
- Division of Applied Biomedical Science and Biotechnology, School of Health Sciences, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur 57000, Malaysia
| | - Chandramathi S. Raju
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia;
| | - Tooba Mahboob
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia;
| | - Sunil Kayesth
- Department of Zoology, Deshbandhu College, University of Delhi, New Delhi 110019, India;
| | - Kamal K. Gupta
- Department of Zoology, Deshbandhu College, University of Delhi, New Delhi 110019, India;
| | - Gaurav Kumar Jain
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, Delhi Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research University (DPSRU), New Delhi 110017, India; (G.K.J.); (M.D.)
| | - Mahaveer Dhobi
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, Delhi Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research University (DPSRU), New Delhi 110017, India; (G.K.J.); (M.D.)
| | - Muhammad Nawaz
- Department of Nano-Medicine, Institute for Research and Medical Consultations ((IRMC), Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam 34212, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Polrat Wilairatana
- Department of Clinical Tropical Medicine, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Maria de Lourdes Pereira
- CICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials & Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal;
| | - Jayanta Kumar Patra
- Research Institute of Biotechnology & Medical Converged Science, Dongguk University-Seoul, Goyang-si 10326, Korea;
| | - Alok K. Paul
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 26, Hobart, TAS 7001, Australia;
| | - Mohammed Rahmatullah
- Department of Biotechnology & Genetic Engineering, University of Development Alternative, Lalmatia, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh;
| | - Veeranoot Nissapatorn
- School of Allied Health Sciences and World Union for Herbal Drug Discovery (WUHeDD), Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand
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Shi J, Weng JH, Mitchison TJ. Immunomodulatory drug discovery from herbal medicines: Insights from organ-specific activity and xenobiotic defenses. eLife 2021; 10:e73673. [PMID: 34779403 PMCID: PMC8592567 DOI: 10.7554/elife.73673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Traditional herbal medicines, which emphasize a holistic, patient-centric view of disease treatment, provide an exciting starting point for discovery of new immunomodulatory drugs. Progress on identification of herbal molecules with proven single agent activity has been slow, in part because of insufficient consideration of pharmacology fundamentals. Many molecules derived from medicinal plants exhibit low oral bioavailability and rapid clearance, leading to low systemic exposure. Recent research suggests that such molecules can act locally in the gut or liver to activate xenobiotic defense pathways that trigger beneficial systemic effects on the immune system. We discuss this hypothesis in the context of four plant-derived molecules with immunomodulatory activity: indigo, polysaccharides, colchicine, and ginsenosides. We end by proposing research strategies for identification of novel immunomodulatory drugs from herbal medicine sources that are informed by the possibility of local action in the gut or liver, leading to generation of systemic immune mediators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jue Shi
- Centre for Quantitative Systems Biology, Department of Physics and Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist UniversityHong KongChina
| | - Jui-Hsia Weng
- Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical SchoolBostonUnited States
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia SinicaTaipeiTaiwan
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Zhang J, Hu K, Di L, Wang P, Liu Z, Zhang J, Yue P, Song W, Zhang J, Chen T, Wang Z, Zhang Y, Wang X, Zhan C, Cheng YC, Li X, Li Q, Fan JY, Shen Y, Han JY, Qiao H. Traditional herbal medicine and nanomedicine: Converging disciplines to improve therapeutic efficacy and human health. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2021; 178:113964. [PMID: 34499982 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2021.113964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2021] [Revised: 08/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Traditional herbal medicine (THM), an ancient science, is a gift from nature. For thousands of years, it has helped humans fight diseases and protect life, health, and reproduction. Nanomedicine, a newer discipline has evolved from exploitation of the unique nanoscale morphology and is widely used in diagnosis, imaging, drug delivery, and other biomedical fields. Although THM and nanomedicine differ greatly in time span and discipline dimensions, they are closely related and are even evolving toward integration and convergence. This review begins with the history and latest research progress of THM and nanomedicine, expounding their respective developmental trajectory. It then discusses the overlapping connectivity and relevance of the two fields, including nanoaggregates generated in herbal medicine decoctions, the application of nanotechnology in the delivery and treatment of natural active ingredients, and the influence of physiological regulatory capability of THM on the in vivo fate of nanoparticles. Finally, future development trends, challenges, and research directions are discussed.
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Artemisia annua Growing Wild in Romania—A Metabolite Profile Approach to Target a Drug Delivery System Based on Magnetite Nanoparticles. PLANTS 2021; 10:plants10112245. [PMID: 34834609 PMCID: PMC8623694 DOI: 10.3390/plants10112245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2021] [Revised: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
The metabolites profile of a plant is greatly influenced by geographical factors and the ecological environment. Various studies focused on artemisinin and its derivates for their antiparasitic and antitumoral effects. However, after the isolation and purification stage, their pharmaceutical potential is limited due to their low bioavailability, permeability and lifetime. The antibacterial activity of essential oils has been another topic of interest for many studies on this plant. Nevertheless, only a few studies investigate other metabolites in Artemisia annua. Considering that secondary metabolites act synergistically in a plant, the existence of other metabolites with antitumor and high immunomodulating activity is even more important. Novel nano-carrier systems obtained by loading herbs into magnetic nanoparticles ensures the increase in the antitumor effect, but also, overcoming the barriers related to permeability, localization. This study reported the first complete metabolic profile from wild grown Romanian Artemisia annua. A total of 103 metabolites were identified under mass spectra (MS) positive mode from 13 secondary metabolite categories: amino acids, terpenoids, steroids, coumarins, flavonoids, organic acids, fatty acids, phenolic acids, carbohydrates, glycosides, aldehydes, hydrocarbons, etc. In addition, the biological activity of each class of metabolites was discussed. We further developed a simple and inexpensive nano-carrier system with the intention to capitalize on the beneficial properties of both components. Evaluation of the nano-carrier system’s morpho-structural and magnetic properties was performed.
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Hikmawanti NPE, Ramadon D, Jantan I, Mun’im A. Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents (NADES): Phytochemical Extraction Performance Enhancer for Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Product Development. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 10:2091. [PMID: 34685899 PMCID: PMC8538609 DOI: 10.3390/plants10102091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Revised: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Natural products from plants were extracted and widely studied for their activities against many disease conditions. The selection of the extracting solvent is crucial to develop selective and effective methods for the extraction and isolation of target compounds in the plant matrices. Pharmacological properties of plant extracts and their bioactive principles are related to their excellent solubility, stability, and bioavailability when administered by different routes. This review aims to critically analyze natural deep eutectic solvents (NADES) as green solvents in their application to improve the extraction performance of plant metabolites in terms of their extractability besides the stability, bioactivity, solubility, and bioavailability. Herein, the opportunities for NADES to be used in pharmaceutical formulations development including plant metabolites-based nutraceuticals are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ni Putu Ermi Hikmawanti
- Graduate Program of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Indonesia, Cluster of Health Sciences Building, Depok, West Java 16424, Indonesia;
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Sciences, Universitas Muhammadiyah Prof. DR. HAMKA, East Jakarta, DKI Jakarta 13460, Indonesia
| | - Delly Ramadon
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology Development, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, West Java 16424, Indonesia;
| | - Ibrahim Jantan
- Institute of Systems Biology (INBIOSIS), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, UKM Bangi, Selangor 43600, Malaysia;
| | - Abdul Mun’im
- Department of Pharmacognosy-Phytochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Indonesia, Cluster of Health Sciences Building, Depok, West Java 16424, Indonesia
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Zhao J, Zhao Q, Lu JZ, Ye D, Mu S, Yang XD, Zhang WD, Ma BL. Natural Nano-Drug Delivery System in Coptidis Rhizoma Extract with Modified Berberine Hydrochloride Pharmacokinetics. Int J Nanomedicine 2021; 16:6297-6311. [PMID: 34552326 PMCID: PMC8451076 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s323685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose This study aimed to evaluate the pharmaceutical and pharmacokinetic effects of the natural nanoparticles (Nnps) isolated from Coptidis Rhizoma extract on berberine hydrochloride (BBR) and systematically explore the related mechanisms. Methods Firstly, Nnps were isolated from Coptidis Rhizoma extract and then an Nnps-BBR complex was prepared. After qualitative and quantitative analysis in terms of size, Zeta potential, morphology, and composition of the Nnps and the Nnps-BBR complex, the effects of the Nnps on the crystallization of BBR were characterized. The effects of the Nnps on the solubility and dissolution of BBR were then evaluated. In addition, the effects of the Nnps on BBR in terms of cellular uptake, transmembrane transport, metabolic stability, and pharmacokinetics in mice were studied. Results The Nnps had an average size of 166.6 ± 1.3 nm and Zeta potential of −12.5 ± 0.2 mV. The Nnps were formed by denaturation of co-existing plant proteins with molecular weight < 30 kDa. The Nnps adsorbed or dispersed BBR, thereby promoting BBR transformation from crystal to amorphous form and improving its solubility and dissolution. The Nnps carried and promoted BBR uptake by human colonic adenocarcinoma (Caco-2) cells via caveolae-mediated endocytosis, reducing P-gp-mediated efflux of BBR in mice gut sacs and Madin-Darby canine kidney cells stably expressing the transporter P-gp (MDCK-MDR1) cells. Moreover, the Nnps improved BBR metabolic stability in mouse intestinal S9, promoting BBR intestinal absorption in mice, as shown by increased peak BBR concentration (Cmax, 1182.3 vs 310.2 ng/mL) and exposure level (AUC0–12 h, 2842.8 vs 1447.0 ng·h/mL) in mouse portal vein. In addition, the Nnps increased BBR exposure level in mouse livers (95,443.2 vs 43,586.2 ng·h/g liver). Conclusion The proteinaceous nanoparticles isolated from Coptidis Rhizoma extract can form a natural nano-drug delivery system with BBR, thereby significantly improving the pharmacokinetics of oral BBR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhao
- Department of Pharmacology, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, People's Republic of China
| | - Qing Zhao
- Department of Pharmacology, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing-Ze Lu
- Department of Pharmacology, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, People's Republic of China
| | - Dan Ye
- Department of Pharmacology, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, People's Republic of China
| | - Sheng Mu
- Department of Pharmacology, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Di Yang
- Innovation Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei-Dong Zhang
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, People's Republic of China.,School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Bing-Liang Ma
- Department of Pharmacology, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, People's Republic of China
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Lacatusu I, Iordache TA, Mihaila M, Mihaiescu DE, Pop AL, Badea N. Multifaced Role of Dual Herbal Principles Loaded-Lipid Nanocarriers in Providing High Therapeutic Efficacity. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13091511. [PMID: 34575585 PMCID: PMC8465057 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13091511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Revised: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Although many phytochemicals have been used in traditional medicine, there is a great need to refresh the health benefits and adjust the shortcomings of herbal medicine. In this research, two herbal principles (Diosgenin and Glycyrrhiza glabra extract) coopted in the Nanostructured Lipid Carriers have been developed for improving the most desirable properties of herbal medicine—antioxidant and anti-inflammatory actions. The contribution of phytochemicals, vegetable oils and of lipid matrices has been highlighted by comparative study of size, stability, entrapment efficiency, morphological characteristics, and thermal behavior. According to the in vitro MTS and RTCA results, the dual herbal-NLCs were no cytotoxic toward endothelial cells at concentrations between 25 and 100 µg/mL. A rapid release of Glycyrrhiza glabra and a motivated delay of Diosgenin was detected by the in vitro release experiments. Dual herbal-NLCs showed an elevated ability to annihilate long-life cationic radicals (ABTS•+) and short-life oxygenated radicals (an inhibition of 63.4% ABTS•+, while the ability to capture radical oxygen species reached 96%). The production of pro-inflammatory cytokines was significantly inhibited by the newly herbals-NLC (up to 97.9% inhibition of TNF-α and 62.5% for IL-6). The study may open a new pharmacotherapy horizon; it provides a comprehensive basis for the use of herbal-NLC in the treatment of inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioana Lacatusu
- Faculty of Applied Chemistry and Materials Science, University Politehnica of Bucharest, Polizu No 1, 011061 Bucharest, Romania; (I.L.); (T.A.I.); (D.E.M.)
| | - Teodora Alexandra Iordache
- Faculty of Applied Chemistry and Materials Science, University Politehnica of Bucharest, Polizu No 1, 011061 Bucharest, Romania; (I.L.); (T.A.I.); (D.E.M.)
| | - Mirela Mihaila
- Virology Institute Stefan S. Nicolau, Romanian Academy, Mihai Bravu Street No 285, 030304 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Dan Eduard Mihaiescu
- Faculty of Applied Chemistry and Materials Science, University Politehnica of Bucharest, Polizu No 1, 011061 Bucharest, Romania; (I.L.); (T.A.I.); (D.E.M.)
| | - Anca Lucia Pop
- Faculty of Pharmacy, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 6 Traian Vuia Street, 020945 Bucharest, Romania
- RD Center, AC Helcor, Victor Babes St., 430082 Baia Mare, Romania
- Correspondence: (A.L.P.); (N.B.)
| | - Nicoleta Badea
- Faculty of Applied Chemistry and Materials Science, University Politehnica of Bucharest, Polizu No 1, 011061 Bucharest, Romania; (I.L.); (T.A.I.); (D.E.M.)
- Correspondence: (A.L.P.); (N.B.)
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Biomedical Effects of the Phytonutrients Turmeric, Garlic, Cinnamon, Graviola, and Oregano: A Comprehensive Review. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/app11188477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Phytonutrients are plant foods that contain many natural bioactive compounds, called phytochemicals, which show specific biological activities. These phytonutrients and their phytochemicals may play an important role in health care maintaining normal organism functions (as preventives) and fighting against diseases (as therapeutics). Phytonutrients’ components are the primary metabolites (i.e., proteins, carbohydrates, and lipids) and phytochemicals or secondary metabolites (i.e., phenolics, alkaloids, organosulfides, and terpenes). For years, several phytonutrients and their phytochemicals have demonstrated specific pharmacological and therapeutic effects in human health such as anticancer, antioxidant, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antifungal, and immune response. This review summarizes the effects of the most studied or the most popular phytonutrients (i.e., turmeric, garlic, cinnamon, graviola, and oregano) and any reported contraindications. This article also presents the calculated physicochemical properties of the main phytochemicals in the selected phytonutrients using Lipinski’s, Veber’s, and Ghose’s rules. Based on our revisions for this article, all these phytonutrients have consistently shown great potential as preventives and therapeutics on many diseases in vitro, in vivo, and clinical studies.
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Haj Bloukh S, Edis Z, Abu Sara H, Alhamaidah MA. Antimicrobial Properties of Lepidium sativum L. Facilitated Silver Nanoparticles. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13091352. [PMID: 34575428 PMCID: PMC8466285 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13091352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 08/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Antibiotic resistance toward commonly used medicinal drugs is a dangerously growing threat to our existence. Plants are naturally equipped with a spectrum of biomolecules and metabolites with important biological activities. These natural compounds constitute a treasure in the fight against multidrug-resistant microorganisms. The development of plant-based antimicrobials through green synthesis may deliver alternatives to common drugs. Lepidium sativum L. (LS) is widely available throughout the world as a fast-growing herb known as garden cress. LS seed oil is interesting due to its antimicrobial, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory activities. Nanotechnology offers a plethora of applications in the health sector. Silver nanoparticles (AgNP) are used due to their antimicrobial properties. We combined LS and AgNP to prevent microbial resistance through plant-based synergistic mechanisms within the nanomaterial. AgNP were prepared by a facile one-pot synthesis through plant-biomolecules-induced reduction of silver nitrate via a green method. The phytochemicals in the aqueous LS extract act as reducing, capping, and stabilizing agents of AgNP. The composition of the LS-AgNP biohybrids was confirmed by analytical methods. Antimicrobial testing against 10 reference strains of pathogens exhibited excellent to intermediate antimicrobial activity. The bio-nanohybrid LS-AgNP has potential uses as a broad-spectrum microbicide, disinfectant, and wound care product.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samir Haj Bloukh
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Science, Ajman University, Ajman P.O. Box 346, United Arab Emirates; (S.H.B.); (H.A.S.); (M.A.A.)
- Center of Medical and Bio-Allied Health Sciences Research, Ajman University, Ajman P.O. Box 346, United Arab Emirates
| | - Zehra Edis
- Center of Medical and Bio-Allied Health Sciences Research, Ajman University, Ajman P.O. Box 346, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Science, Ajman University, Ajman P.O. Box 346, United Arab Emirates
- Correspondence:
| | - Hamid Abu Sara
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Science, Ajman University, Ajman P.O. Box 346, United Arab Emirates; (S.H.B.); (H.A.S.); (M.A.A.)
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Science, Ajman University, Ajman P.O. Box 346, United Arab Emirates
| | - Mustafa Ameen Alhamaidah
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Science, Ajman University, Ajman P.O. Box 346, United Arab Emirates; (S.H.B.); (H.A.S.); (M.A.A.)
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Maseehullah MD, Zakir M, Anas M, Kazmi MH. Ethno-pharmacology of Asaroon ( Asarum europaeum L.) with special reference to Unani System of Medicine. JOURNAL OF COMPLEMENTARY & INTEGRATIVE MEDICINE 2021; 19:181-192. [PMID: 34388332 DOI: 10.1515/jcim-2021-0021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Asaroon is the rhizome of Asarum europaeum L. and is commonly used in Unani medicines for its various pharmacological actions. It is an evergreen plant with glossy foliage. It belongs to the family of Aristolochiaceae and is native to Europe and the United State of America. Some species of Asaroon have been found in the Eastern Himalayan region. Asaroon has actions like Muharrik-i-A'sab (nervine stimulant), Mudirr-i-Bawl (diuretics), Mudirr-i-Hayd (emmenagogue), Musakkin-i-Alam (analgesic), Mufattit-i-sudad (remove obstructions) and Muqawwī-i-Jigar (hepatotonic), etc. It is used in the management of Hummā (fevers), Waja 'al-Mafasil (polyarthritis), Sara (epilepsy), Falij (paralysis), Ihtibās al-Tamth (amenorrhea) and Niqris (gout), etc. as per the Unani system of medicine (USM). It is used as a single herb as well as with a combination of other drugs to manage many diseases. The A. europaeum L. contains volatile oils and flavonoids along with other secondary metabolites. In the Indian market, Valeriana wallichii DC has been sold as Tagar but in some cases, it is sold as Asaroon. It is a clear case of adulteration by replacement of costly foreign drugs with a similar-looking indigenous drug. In this manuscript, we have discussed the Ethno-pharmacology of the A. europaeum L. with special reference to USM and basic differences with V. wallichii DC to show that both drugs are different and their actions and uses are also different from each other.
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Affiliation(s)
- M D Maseehullah
- Department of Ilmul Advia, National Research Institute of Unani Medicine for Skin Disorders (NRIUMSD), Hyderabad, India
| | - Mohammad Zakir
- Department of Ilmul Advia, National Research Institute of Unani Medicine for Skin Disorders (NRIUMSD), Hyderabad, India
| | - Mohd Anas
- Department of Ilmul Advia, National Research Institute of Unani Medicine for Skin Disorders (NRIUMSD), Hyderabad, India
| | - Munawwar Husain Kazmi
- Department of Ilmul Advia, National Research Institute of Unani Medicine for Skin Disorders (NRIUMSD), Hyderabad, India
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Jin DX, He JF, Zhang KQ, Luo XG, Zhang TC. α-Glucosidase inhibition action of major flavonoids identified from Hypericum attenuatum Choisy and their synergistic effects. Chem Biodivers 2021; 18:e2100244. [PMID: 34310845 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202100244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Hypericum attenuatum Choisy is a traditional Chinese herbal plant with multiple therapeutic effects. In this study, bioactivity-guided fractionation of Hypericum attenuatum Choisy extracts afforded three major flavonoids (including astragalin, guaijaverin and quercetin), which possessed α-glucosidase inhibitory activity with IC 50 values of 33.90 ± 0.68 μM, 17.23 ± 0.75 μM and 31.90 ± 0.34 μM, respectively. Circular dichroism analysis revealed that all the three compounds could interact with α-glucosidase by inducing conformational changes of the enzyme. Molecular docking results indicated that they could bind to the active site in α-glucosidase, and the binding force was driven mainly by hydrogen bond. Additionally, isobolographic analysis of the interactions between two compounds showed that all the combinations presented a synergistic α-glucosidase inhibitory effect at lower concentrations, and the combination between quercetin and guaijaverin or astragalin exhibited the best synergistic effect. This research might provide a theoretical basis for the application of Hypericum attenuatum Choisy in treating hyperglycemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Du-Xin Jin
- Yangzhou University College of Food Science and Technology, Department of Food science, No. 196, Huayang west road, Hanjiang district, Yangzhou city, Jiangsu province, 225000, Yangzhou, CHINA
| | - Jun-Fang He
- Tianjin University of Science and Technology, College of Biotechnology, 300457, No. 9, the 13th road, Economic and technological development zone, Tianjin, CHINA
| | - Ke-Qin Zhang
- Jilin college of Agricultural Science and Technology, School of Animal Sciences, No. 77, Hanlin Road, Economic and Technological Development Zone, Jilin, CHINA
| | - Xue-Gang Luo
- Tianjin University of Science and Technology Downtown Campus: Tianjin University of Science and Technology, College of Biotechnology, No. 9, the 13th Road, Economic and Technological Development Zone, Tianjin, CHINA
| | - Tong-Cun Zhang
- Tianjin University of Science and Technology, College of Biotechnology, No. 9, the 13th Road, Economic and Technological Development Zone, Tianjin, CHINA
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Masfria M, Marianne M, Permata YM, Octavio S, Mulyani S. Antimutagenic activity of nanoparticles of Rhaphidophora pinnata leaves in mice using micronucleus assay. J Adv Pharm Technol Res 2021; 12:232-235. [PMID: 34345600 PMCID: PMC8300332 DOI: 10.4103/japtr.japtr_380_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Revised: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is one of the deadliest diseases in the world. Cancer may occur due to gene mutation. Rhaphidophora pinnata is a plant that has many benefits, especially in the leaves which have been used traditionally to treat cancer. The aim of this research is to test the antimutagenic activity of nanoparticles R. pinnata using the micronucleus method. The mice were induced with cyclophosphamide and then followed with the administration of nanoparticles of R. pinnata at the doses of 50, 100, 200 mg/kg for 7 days. The antimutagenic activity was evaluated at the decrease in the number of micronucleus in 200 polychromatic erythrocytes (PCE) cells of mice bone marrow. The result showed that the reduction of amount of micronucleus in PCE of a negative control group, treatment groups, and normal group is 22.65%, 60.3%, 79.6%, 93.8%, and 100%. These results indicate that the antimutagenic activity of nanoparticle of R. pinnata increases proportionally as the doses were increased. It can be concluded that nanoparticles R. pinnata at the doses of 50, 100, and 200 mg/kg have antimutagenic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masfria Masfria
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, 20155, Indonesia.,Department of Nanomedicine Centre, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, 20155, Indonesia
| | - Marianne Marianne
- Department of Nanomedicine Centre, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, 20155, Indonesia.,Department of Pharmacology Pharmacy Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Indonesia
| | - Yade Metri Permata
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, 20155, Indonesia
| | - Steven Octavio
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, 20155, Indonesia
| | - Sri Mulyani
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, 20155, Indonesia
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