1
|
Yu L, Xu C, Zhang M, Zhou Y, Hu Z, Li L, Li Y, Tian J, Xu M. Top 100 cited research on COVID-19 vaccines: A bibliometric analysis and evidence mapping. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2024; 20:2370605. [PMID: 38977415 PMCID: PMC11232646 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2024.2370605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024] Open
Abstract
The outbreak of the COVID-19 has seriously affected the whole society, and vaccines were the most effective means to contain the epidemic. This paper aims to determine the top 100 articles cited most frequently in COVID-19 vaccines and to analyze the research status and hot spots in this field through bibliometrics, to provide a reference for future research. We conducted a comprehensive search of the Web of Science Core Collection database on November 29, 2023, and identified the top 100 articles by ranking them from highest to lowest citation frequency. In addition, we analyzed the year of publication, citation, author, country, institution, journal, and keywords with Microsoft Excel 2019 and VOSviewer 1.6.18. Research focused on vaccine immunogenicity and safety, vaccine hesitancy, and vaccination intention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liping Yu
- Child Rehabilitation Department, Gansu Rehabilitation Center Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Caihua Xu
- Evidence-Based Medicine Center, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Mingyue Zhang
- Evidence-Based Medicine Center, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Yongjia Zhou
- School of Nursing, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Zhiruo Hu
- School of Nursing, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Lin Li
- Evidence-Based Medicine Center, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Yiyi Li
- School of Nursing, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Jinhui Tian
- Evidence-Based Medicine Center, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Mingli Xu
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Gansu Health Vocational College, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Keller VL, Klein CC, Wingler L, Blom TJ, Welge JA, Fornari VM, Higdon C, Crystal S, Patino LR, Correll CU, DelBello MP. Predictors of COVID-19 vaccine uptake among youth with bipolar disorder spectrum disorders and their caregivers. J Affect Disord 2024; 365:400-405. [PMID: 39147152 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.08.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Revised: 06/28/2024] [Accepted: 08/12/2024] [Indexed: 08/17/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Little is known about rates of COVID-19 vaccine uptake among youth with bipolar spectrum disorders (BSD). As such, the aim of this study is to assess rates and predictors of COVID-19 vaccine uptake among youth with BSD and their caregivers in the United States. METHODS Youth and their main caregiver were recruited from a large pragmatic study cohort. Youth who were aged 8-22 at the time of this data collection, had a bipolar-spectrum disorder diagnosis, had overweight or obesity, and were treated with a second-generation antipsychotic were invited to participate in an online survey and interview assessing the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. RESULTS A total of 453 surveys and 341 interviews were completed 07/2021-05/2022 by youth and their caregivers. Sixty-seven percent of caregivers and 63 % of youth reported receiving the COVID-19 vaccine. Vaccine uptake rates among youth and caregivers were highly correlated. Predictors of vaccine uptake among youth were older age and living in the Northeast Region of the United States. Predictors of caregiver vaccine uptake were male sex, higher annual household income and not having to quarantine due to COVID-19. LIMITATIONS The sample was small and not a full representation of a population with bipolar-spectrum disorders therefore, the results may not be generalizable. The study design and statistical method do not allow for causal inferences to be made. CONCLUSIONS These findings may aid in targeting interventions to maximize COVID-19 and other vaccine uptake in youth with bipolar disorders and their families.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Victoria L Keller
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, USA.
| | - Christina C Klein
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, USA
| | - Lauren Wingler
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, USA
| | - Thomas J Blom
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, USA
| | - Jeffrey A Welge
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, USA
| | - Victor M Fornari
- Department of Psychiatry, The Zucker Hillside Hospital, Northwell Health, Glen Oaks, NY, USA; Department of Psychiatry and Molecular Medicine, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Hempstead, NY, USA
| | - Claudine Higdon
- Department of Psychiatry, The Zucker Hillside Hospital, Northwell Health, Glen Oaks, NY, USA; Department of Psychiatry and Molecular Medicine, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Hempstead, NY, USA
| | - Stephen Crystal
- Institute for Health, Health Care Policy, and Aging Research, Rutgers, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - L Rodrigo Patino
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, USA
| | - Christoph U Correll
- Department of Psychiatry, The Zucker Hillside Hospital, Northwell Health, Glen Oaks, NY, USA; Department of Psychiatry and Molecular Medicine, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Hempstead, NY, USA; Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany; German Center for Mental Health (DZPG), Partner site Berlin, Germany
| | - Melissa P DelBello
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Camargo ELS, de Sousa ÁFL, dos Reis AS, Fortunato MDR, Gouveia IDS, Mendes IAC, Ventura CAA. Determining factors for COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy among Brazilians: a study using structural equation modeling. Rev Bras Enferm 2024; 77Suppl 2:e20240112. [PMID: 39230099 PMCID: PMC11370770 DOI: 10.1590/0034-7167-2024-0112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 09/05/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES to investigate the factors influencing vaccine hesitancy against COVID-19 among Brazilians. METHODS this research employed an observational and analytical approach, utilizing a web-based survey. Data collection took place in 2020, and data analysis was conducted using structural equation modeling. RESULTS the prevalence of vaccine hesitancy was found to be 27.5% (1182 individuals). There is a negative correlation between belief in conspiracy theories and social influence. Among the various beliefs associated with vaccination intentions, only conspiracy beliefs exhibited significant predictive value. Thus, the findings suggest that personal beliefs significantly impact hesitancy towards vaccination, and also indicate that trust in governmental bodies is inversely related to hesitancy. CONCLUSIONS vaccine hesitancy emerges as a multifaceted phenomenon influenced by a complex array of factors, including personal beliefs, trust in governmental bodies, and healthcare systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Álvaro Francisco Lopes de Sousa
- Instituto Sírio-Libanês de Ensino e Pesquisa. São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- University Lisbon, Public Health Research Center, Comprehensive Health Research Center. Cidade Universitária, Alameda da Universidade Lisbon, Potugal
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
4
|
Finamore P, Arena E, Lupoi D, Savito L, Di Nunzio F, Furbatto M, Dragonieri S, Antonelli Incalzi R, Scarlata S. Long COVID Syndrome: A Narrative Review on Burden of Age and Vaccination. J Clin Med 2024; 13:4756. [PMID: 39200898 PMCID: PMC11355827 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13164756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2024] [Revised: 07/30/2024] [Accepted: 08/06/2024] [Indexed: 09/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Background/Objective: The COVID-19 pandemic has led to the emergence of post-acute COVID-19 syndrome, also known as long COVID, which presents a significant challenge due to its varied symptoms and unpredictable course, particularly in older adults. Similar to COVID-19 infections, factors such as age, pre-existing health conditions, and vaccination status may influence the occurrence and severity of long COVID. The objective is to analyze the role of aging in the context of long COVID and to investigate prevalence rates and vaccination efficacy to improve prevention strategies and treatment in this age group. Methods: Four researchers independently conducted a literature search of the PubMed database to trace studies published between July 2020 and July 2024. Results: Aging influences both the likelihood of developing long COVID and the recovery process, due to age-related physiological changes, immune system alterations, and the presence of comorbidities. Vaccination plays a key role in reducing the risk of long COVID by attenuating the inflammatory responses associated with its symptoms. Conclusions: Despite the protection vaccines offer against severe infection, hospitalization, and post-infection sequelae, vaccine hesitancy remains a major obstacle, worsening the impact of long COVID. Promising treatments for this condition include antivirals although further research is needed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Panaiotis Finamore
- Unit of Internal Medicine, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio Medico, 00128 Rome, Italy; (P.F.); (E.A.); (D.L.); (L.S.); (F.D.N.); (M.F.)
- Research Unit of Internal Medicine, Università Campus Bio-Medico, 00128 Rome, Italy
| | - Elena Arena
- Unit of Internal Medicine, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio Medico, 00128 Rome, Italy; (P.F.); (E.A.); (D.L.); (L.S.); (F.D.N.); (M.F.)
- Research Unit of Internal Medicine, Università Campus Bio-Medico, 00128 Rome, Italy
| | - Domenica Lupoi
- Unit of Internal Medicine, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio Medico, 00128 Rome, Italy; (P.F.); (E.A.); (D.L.); (L.S.); (F.D.N.); (M.F.)
- Research Unit of Internal Medicine, Università Campus Bio-Medico, 00128 Rome, Italy
| | - Luisa Savito
- Unit of Internal Medicine, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio Medico, 00128 Rome, Italy; (P.F.); (E.A.); (D.L.); (L.S.); (F.D.N.); (M.F.)
- Research Unit of Internal Medicine, Università Campus Bio-Medico, 00128 Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Di Nunzio
- Unit of Internal Medicine, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio Medico, 00128 Rome, Italy; (P.F.); (E.A.); (D.L.); (L.S.); (F.D.N.); (M.F.)
- Research Unit of Internal Medicine, Università Campus Bio-Medico, 00128 Rome, Italy
| | - Michela Furbatto
- Unit of Internal Medicine, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio Medico, 00128 Rome, Italy; (P.F.); (E.A.); (D.L.); (L.S.); (F.D.N.); (M.F.)
- Research Unit of Internal Medicine, Università Campus Bio-Medico, 00128 Rome, Italy
| | - Silvano Dragonieri
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, University of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy;
| | - Raffaele Antonelli Incalzi
- Unit of Internal Medicine, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio Medico, 00128 Rome, Italy; (P.F.); (E.A.); (D.L.); (L.S.); (F.D.N.); (M.F.)
- Research Unit of Internal Medicine, Università Campus Bio-Medico, 00128 Rome, Italy
| | - Simone Scarlata
- Unit of Internal Medicine, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio Medico, 00128 Rome, Italy; (P.F.); (E.A.); (D.L.); (L.S.); (F.D.N.); (M.F.)
- Research Unit of Internal Medicine, Università Campus Bio-Medico, 00128 Rome, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Sum Z, Sofija E, Sebar B. Exploring COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy among young adults in Australia. A qualitative study. Vaccine X 2024; 19:100515. [PMID: 39040885 PMCID: PMC11260859 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvacx.2024.100515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Revised: 06/19/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Background COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy among young adults in Australia is still poorly understood. Young adults aged 25-34 years have been identified as a population subgroup where COVID-19 vaccine-hesitant views are highly prevalent. Objective Exploring the attitudes, thoughts, feelings and social environments affecting the decision to have or not have the vaccine can provide vital transferrable lessons in future health campaigns. Methods A qualitative phenomenological study was conducted using semi-structured phone interviews between June 2021 and July 2021. Interview questions were adopted from the World Health Organization's guidance document 'Data for Action: Achieving High Uptake of COVID-19 Vaccines'. Participants aged 25-34 years (n = 26) were recruited via purposive and snowball sampling methods. Data were analysed thematically. Results Overall, participants presented themselves as highly vaccine literate, understanding their social contract with society. Many participants also did not display traditional vaccine-hesitant views. Six themes specifically regarding COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy were identified, namely (1) decision-making complexities, (2) perceived risk of COVID-19 infection, (3) media's misrepresentation of COVID-19, (4) vaccine-related issues, (5) inconsistent government messaging and program execution, and (6) social benefits assessment. In addition, motivators to COVID-19 vaccine uptake were classified into three categories: (1) tangible benefits, (2) protecting others, and (3) mandates and incentives. Findings suggest the motivators for COVID-19 vaccine uptake in young adults depend on individual benefits, highlighting the importance of recognising and addressing personal concerns. Conclusion There is a need to re-examine and redefine the meaning of vaccine hesitancy in young Australian adults. We offer an understanding of prospective challenges with vaccine hesitancy and potential solutions to address them. These include carefully tailored approaches regarding ongoing vaccine safety concerns and the expected personal benefits following vaccination. Combining these factors can aid in developing new methods of public engagement in the next public health crisis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zachary Sum
- School of Medicine and Dentistry, Gold Coast Campus, Griffith University, 1 Parklands Dr, Southport, QLD 4222, Australia
| | - Ernesta Sofija
- School of Medicine and Dentistry, Gold Coast Campus, Griffith University, 1 Parklands Dr, Southport, QLD 4222, Australia
| | - Bernadette Sebar
- School of Medicine and Dentistry, Gold Coast Campus, Griffith University, 1 Parklands Dr, Southport, QLD 4222, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Al Zahrani EM. The Role of Healthcare Leaders in Promoting Vaccine Acceptance in Saudi Arabia. J Healthc Leadersh 2024; 16:279-286. [PMID: 39072262 PMCID: PMC11277817 DOI: 10.2147/jhl.s470522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 07/16/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Several vaccines have been recommended by the health authorities in recent years and have been opposed by debates, lack of public trust, and variable levels of hesitance that resulted in increased anti-vaccination advocacy and a subsequent reduction in vaccination rates worldwide. Purpose This study aimed to explore the community's perceptions of the role of healthcare leadership in promoting vaccine acceptance. Methods This cross-sectional study used a validated questionnaire designed according to the study's objectives for a heterogeneous purposive sample of individuals over 18 years old in Saudi Arabia. Participants completed the questionnaire online via a link provided by multiple social media platforms. Results The study included 7159 participants with various demographical features. On a five-point Likert scale, the average level of agreement on the role of healthcare executives in promoting vaccines was 3.76. The average level of agreement about the role of healthcare leaders in promoting vaccines was 3.76 out of five. Men were more likely than women to agree on healthcare worker's influence, 63.6% and 58.6%, respectively (P < 0.001). The ages of participants showed a favorable correlation with their level of agreement on the role of healthcare leaders in promoting vaccines (P < 0.001). The level of agreement on healthcare leader's role in promoting vaccines was inversely proportional to the education level (P < 0.001). The retired group reported the highest score, followed by the employed ones (P < 0.001). Conclusion Unlike other political and religious leaders, this study indicates that healthcare professionals significantly impact vaccine hesitancy and uptake. Despite rising vaccine hesitancy, healthcare leaders remain more trustworthy providers of guidance and influence over vaccination decisions than others. In addition, the health leader's factual message boosts people's self-esteem and helps them decide to be vaccinated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eidan M Al Zahrani
- Physical Therapy Department, Prince Sultan Military College of Health Sciences, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Stefkovics Á, Albert F, Ligeti AS, Dávid B, Rudas S, Koltai J. Vaccination homophily in ego contact networks during the COVID-19 pandemic. Sci Rep 2024; 14:15515. [PMID: 38969667 PMCID: PMC11226437 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-65986-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Vaccine hesitancy is an inevitable risk for societies as it contributes to outbreaks of diseases. Prior research suggests that vaccination decisions of individuals tend to spread within social networks, resulting in a tendency to vaccination homophily. The clustering of individuals resistant to vaccination can substantially make the threshold necessary to achieve herd immunity harder to reach. In this study, we examined the extent of vaccination homophily among social contacts and its association with vaccine uptake during the COVID-19 pandemic in Hungary using a contact diary approach in two cross-sectional surveys. The results indicate strong clustering among both vaccinated and unvaccinated groups. The most powerful predictor of vaccine uptake was the perceived vaccination rate within the egos' social contact network. Vaccination homophily and the role of the interpersonal contact network in vaccine uptake were particularly pronounced in the networks of close relationships, including family, kinship, and strong social ties of the ego. Our findings have important implications for understanding COVID-19 spread dynamics by showing that the strong clustering of unvaccinated individuals posed a great risk in preventing the spread of the disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ádám Stefkovics
- National Laboratory for Health Security, HUN-REN Centre for Social Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
- IQSS, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Fruzsina Albert
- Institute for Sociology, HUN-REN Centre for Social Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
- Institute of Mental Health, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Anna Sára Ligeti
- National Laboratory for Health Security, HUN-REN Centre for Social Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Beáta Dávid
- Institute for Sociology, HUN-REN Centre for Social Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
- Institute of Mental Health, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Szilvia Rudas
- National Laboratory for Health Security, HUN-REN Centre for Social Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Júlia Koltai
- National Laboratory for Health Security, HUN-REN Centre for Social Sciences, Budapest, Hungary.
- Department of Social Research Methodology, Faculty of Social Sciences, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Zhang X, Monnat SM. Watchful, skeptics, and system distrusters: Characteristics associated with different types of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy among U.S. working-age adults. Vaccine 2024:S0264-410X(24)00721-7. [PMID: 38902188 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2024.06.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 06/14/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy is complex, with adults identifying various reasons for not getting vaccinated. Using data from the 2022 National Wellbeing Survey on 7612 U.S. adults aged 18-64, we identified how age, race/ethnicity, sex, marital status, education, income, employment status, partisanship, and metropolitan status are associated with COVID-19 vaccination status and three non-mutually exclusive types of vaccine hesitancy: 1) watchful, concerned about vaccine side effects and efficacy; 2) skeptics, distrust the vaccine, and 3) system distrusters, distrust government. A third of respondents overall (N = 2643) had not received at least one dose at the time of the survey. Among respondents who were not vaccinated, 67 % are classified as watchful, 53 % are skeptics, and 32 % are system distrusters. Results from logistic regression show that concerns about side effects and safety (watchfulness) appear to be major drivers for not getting vaccinated among females and among non-Hispanic Black and unmarried adults, whereas skepticism and distrust appear to be more important barriers among ages 25-44. All three types of hesitancy appear to be important contributors to lower vaccination uptake among low-income, low-education, and unemployed adults, and among individuals who voted for Donald Trump in the 2020 election (with skepticism and distrust being most endorsed by this group). Findings suggest that universal messaging and intervention strategies are unlikely to be effective in reducing vaccine hesitancy. Different messages, messengers, and tactics must be used with different groups.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xue Zhang
- Department of City and Regional Planning, Cornell University, NY 14850, USA.
| | - Shannon M Monnat
- Department of Sociology, Syracuse University, NY 13244, USA; Lerner Center for Public Health Promotion and Population Health, Syracuse University, NY 13244, USA; Center for Policy Research, Syracuse University, NY 13244, USA
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Spector S, Shah S, ul Rasool MH, Hilt E, Goldstein H, Meade J, Korn E, Lipetskaia L. Attitudes toward COVID-19 vaccination among urogynecology patients. Heliyon 2024; 10:e30092. [PMID: 38778988 PMCID: PMC11108857 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e30092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2023] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective Urogynecology patients skew older and often require intimate exams to treat non-life-threatening conditions, thus making care particularly susceptible to the effects of COVID-19. We aim to understand COVID-19 vaccination attitudes amongst urogynecology patients during the pandemic, which has adversely affected healthcare delivery, to identify measures that can be undertaken to improve care going forward. Study design Cross-sectional surveys of urogynecology patients were conducted in three different states (Delaware, New Jersey, and Pennsylvania) between March and August 2021. Demographics, vaccination status, and COVID-19 attitudes were analyzed. Chi-square tests investigated group differences between vaccine-hesitant and unhesitant subjects. Results Out of 158 surveys, eighty-three percent of respondents were vaccinated or planning to get vaccinated. Older age and regular flu vaccination predicted COVID-19 vaccination. Ninety-three percent of subjects were comfortable attending in-person visits. However, vaccine-hesitant individuals were less comfortable attending in-person and were significantly less likely to be comforted by clinic interventions, such as masking. Hesitant and unhesitant groups trusted doctors or medical professionals most for their source of COVID-19 information. Conclusions Urogynecology patients mirror the general older population's COVID-19 vaccination attitudes, with distinct differences between hesitant and unhesitant groups. Vaccine-hesitant subjects appear less comfortable coming to in-person visits and less comforted by possible interventions, posing a difficult obstacle for clinics to overcome. High levels of patient trust suggest healthcare providers can play a crucial role in encouraging COVID-19 vaccination and combating misinformation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sean Spector
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cooper University Healthcare, Camden, NJ, USA
| | - Shanaya Shah
- Cooper Medical School of Rowan University, Camden, NJ, USA
| | | | - Elizabeth Hilt
- Cooper Medical School of Rowan University, Camden, NJ, USA
| | - Howard Goldstein
- Center for Urogynecology and Pelvic Surgery, Christiana Care Health System, Newark, DE, USA
| | - Jason Meade
- UroGynecology Specialty Center, Fresno, CA, USA
| | | | - Lioudmila Lipetskaia
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cooper University Healthcare, Camden, NJ, USA
- Cooper Medical School of Rowan University, Camden, NJ, USA
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Slivesteri S, Ssali A, Bahemuka UM, Nsubuga D, Muwanga M, Nsereko C, Ssemwanga E, Robert A, Seeley J, Elliott A, Ruzagira E. Structural and social factors affecting COVID-19 vaccine uptake among healthcare workers and older people in Uganda: A qualitative analysis. PLOS GLOBAL PUBLIC HEALTH 2024; 4:e0002188. [PMID: 38809910 PMCID: PMC11135783 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgph.0002188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
The COVID-19 vaccine rollout programme in Uganda was launched in March 2021 for priority groups: Healthcare Workers (HCWs), older persons (≥50 years), and persons with chronic conditions. Misinformation, distrust in healthcare systems, and cultural beliefs, pose significant challenges to vaccine uptake. We describe the social and structural factors affecting the uptake of COVID-19 vaccines among HCWs and older people in Uganda. Between September and October 2021, we conducted 33 in-depth interviews with 25 HCWs aged 21-63 years from three hospitals in central Uganda and eight older people from Wakiso district. Participant selection was purposive, based on sex, occupation, education, cadre of HCWs and vaccination status. We explored participants' knowledge, beliefs, personal experiences, barriers, and facilitators to vaccine uptake as well as suggestions for future COVID-19 vaccine rollout. Interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed and translated into English, coded, and analysed by theme. Twenty-two of the 25 (88%) HCWs and 3 of the 8 (38%) older people had received at least one dose of the COVID-19 vaccine at the time of interview. The structural facilitating factors to vaccine uptake included access to correct information, fear of a risky work environment, and mandatory vaccination requirements especially for frontline HCWs. Age, chronic health conditions, and the fear of death were facilitating factors for older people. Misconceptions about COVID-19 vaccines and fear of side effects were common social barriers for both groups. Long distances to vaccination centres, vaccine stock-outs, and long queues at the vaccination centres were specific barriers for older people. The prerequisite of signing a consent form was a specific structural barrier for HCWs. Future roll out of new vaccines should have a comprehensive information dissemination strategy about the vaccines. Improved access to vaccines through community outreach, reliable vaccine supplies and addressing vaccine misinformation, may enhance COVID-19 vaccine uptake.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Agnes Ssali
- MRC/UVRI & LSHTM Uganda Research Unit, Wakiso, Uganda
- Department of Global Health and Development, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Denis Nsubuga
- MRC/UVRI & LSHTM Uganda Research Unit, Wakiso, Uganda
| | | | | | | | - Asaba Robert
- Our Lady of Consolata, Kisubi Hospital, Wakiso, Uganda
| | - Janet Seeley
- MRC/UVRI & LSHTM Uganda Research Unit, Wakiso, Uganda
- Department of Global Health and Development, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | - Alison Elliott
- MRC/UVRI & LSHTM Uganda Research Unit, Wakiso, Uganda
- Department of Clinical Research, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | - Eugene Ruzagira
- MRC/UVRI & LSHTM Uganda Research Unit, Wakiso, Uganda
- Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Hussein MF, Kyei-Arthur F, Saleeb M, Kyei-Gyamfi S, Abutima T, Sakada IG, Ghazy RM. Hesitancy towards R21/Matrix-M malaria vaccine among Ghanaian parents and attitudes towards immunizing non-eligible children: a cross-sectional survey. Malar J 2024; 23:142. [PMID: 38734664 PMCID: PMC11088762 DOI: 10.1186/s12936-024-04921-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The newly developed malaria vaccine called "R21/Matrix-M malaria vaccine" showed a high safety and efficacy level, and Ghana is the first country to approve this new vaccine. The present study aimed to evaluate the rate of vaccine hesitancy (VH) towards the newly developed malaria vaccine among parents who currently have children who are not eligible for the vaccine but may be eligible in the near future. Additionally, the study aimed to identify the factors that could potentially influence VH. METHODS A cross-sectional survey using both online-based questionnaires and face-to-face interviews was conducted in Ghana from June to August 2023. The survey specifically targeted parents of ineligible children for vaccination, including those aged less than 5 months or between 3 and 12 years. The Parent Attitudes about Childhood Vaccination (PACV) scale was used to assess parental VH. RESULTS A total of 765 people participated in this study. Their median age was 36.0 years with an interquartile range of 31.0-41.0 years, 67.7% were females, 41.8% completed their tertiary education, 63.3% were married, 81.6% worked in non-healthcare sectors, and 59.7% reported that their monthly income was insufficient. About one-third (34.5%) of the parents were hesitant to give their children the R21/Matrix-M malaria vaccine. The following predictors were associated with VH: working in the healthcare sector (adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 0.50; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.30-0.80; p = 0.005), having the other parent working in the healthcare sector (AOR = 0.54; 95% CI 0.30-0.94; p = 0.034), and not taking scheduled routine vaccinations (AOR = 1.90; 95% CI 1.27-2.84; p = 0.002). CONCLUSIONS Addressing VH is crucial for optimizing R21/Matrix-M vaccine coverage in Ghana's malaria control strategy. By tackling VH issues, Ghana can effectively safeguard children's health in malaria-prone areas.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Fakhry Hussein
- Occupational Health and Industrial Medicine Department, High Institute of Public Health, Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21561, Egypt.
| | - Frank Kyei-Arthur
- Department of Environment and Public Health, the University of Environment and Sustainable Development, Somanya, Ghana
| | - Marina Saleeb
- Biostatistics Department, MARS-GLOBAL, London, WC2H 9JQ, UK
| | - Sylvester Kyei-Gyamfi
- Department of Children, Ministry of Gender, Children and Social Protection, Accra, Ghana
| | - Theophilus Abutima
- Department of Sociology and Anthropology, University for Development Studies, Nyankpala Campus, Nyankpal, Ghana
| | - Ignatius Great Sakada
- Department of Population, Family and Reproductive Health, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Ramy Mohamed Ghazy
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
- Tropical Health Department, High Institute of Public Health, Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21561, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Kim S, Lilani A, Redemptus C, Campana K, Tozan Y. A pre-post evaluation study of a social media-based COVID-19 communication campaign to improve attitudes and behaviors toward COVID-19 vaccination in Tanzania. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0300206. [PMID: 38709712 PMCID: PMC11073716 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0300206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024] Open
Abstract
In Tanzania, the One by One: Target COVID-19 campaign was launched nationally in July 2022 to address the prevalent vaccine hesitancy and lack of confidence in COVID-19 vaccines. The campaign mobilized social media influencers and viral content with the ultimate goal of increasing COVID-19 vaccine uptake in the country. The objective of this study was to empirically assess the impact of the campaign on three outcomes: vaccine confidence, vaccine hesitancy, and vaccination status. Using programmatic data collected through an online survey before and after the campaign, we conducted a difference-in-difference (DiD) analysis and performed a crude, adjusted, and propensity score-matched analysis for each study outcome. Lastly, to observe whether there was any differential impact of the campaign across age groups, we repeated the analyses on age-stratified subgroups. Data included 5,804 survey responses, with 3,442 and 2,362 responses collected before and after the campaign, respectively. Although there was only weak evidence of increased COVID-19 vaccine confidence in the campaign-exposed group compared to the control group across all age groups, we observed a differential impact among different age groups. While no significant change was observed among young adults aged 18-24 years, the campaign exposure led to a statistically significant increase in vaccine confidence (weighted/adjusted DiD coefficient = 0.76; 95% CI: 0.06, 1.5; p-value = 0.034) and vaccination uptake (weighted/adjusted DiD coefficient = 1.69.; 95% CI: 1.02, 2.81; p-value = 0.023) among young adults aged 25-34 years. Among adults aged 35 years and above, the campaign exposure led to a significant decrease in vaccine hesitancy (weighted/adjusted DiD coefficient = -15; 95% CI: -21, -8.3; p-value<0.001). The social media campaign successfully improved vaccine hesitancy, confidence, and uptake in the Tanzanian population, albeit to varying degrees across age groups. Our study provides valuable insights for the planning and evaluation of similar social media communication campaigns aiming to bolster vaccination efforts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sooyoung Kim
- School of Global Public Health, New York University, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Asad Lilani
- The Access Challenge, New York, New York, United States of America
| | | | - Kate Campana
- The Access Challenge, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Yesim Tozan
- School of Global Public Health, New York University, New York, New York, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Chen NTN. Exploring and contextualizing the associations among political identification, vaccine risk and benefit perceptions, and vaccine acceptance. RISK ANALYSIS : AN OFFICIAL PUBLICATION OF THE SOCIETY FOR RISK ANALYSIS 2024; 44:1219-1236. [PMID: 37698146 DOI: 10.1111/risa.14220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023]
Abstract
There is considerable research on the influence of political partisanship on vaccine acceptance. However, the current study is one of the first to investigate how political identification is related to risk and benefit perceptions vis-à-vis vaccines. Based on survey data collected in the United States regarding four different vaccines at three points in time (n = 383 for April-June 2012; n = 364 for March 2020; n = 334 for April-May 2020), Democrats were found to have more positive attitudes toward vaccinations in general and hold more favorable risk and benefit perceptions of pandemic and routine vaccines overall compared to Republicans. However, the onset of a pandemic can serve as an equalizing force and motivate similar risk and benefit perceptions across party lines, but this force can wane quickly when the information environment is politicized. For political partisans who are ideologically oriented to be more hesitant toward vaccines, two conditions can help sustain their favorable vaccine perceptions during a pandemic: (a) when they identify with the governing political party, and (b) when there are consistent reassurances of vaccine safety and effectiveness from their partisan leadership. Given that risk and benefit perceptions were found to be consistently associated with vaccine acceptance across contexts in this study, communication aimed at encouraging vaccinations should always address the risks and benefits of a vaccine in ways that are tailored for individuals with different political affiliations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nien-Tsu Nancy Chen
- Communication Department, California State University Channel Islands, Camarillo, California, USA
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Freeman EE, Strahan AG, Smith LR, Judd AD, Samarakoon U, Chen G, King AJ, Blumenthal KG. The impact of COVID-19 vaccine reactions on secondary vaccine hesitancy. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2024; 132:630-636.e1. [PMID: 38232816 DOI: 10.1016/j.anai.2024.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Primary and booster vaccinations are critical for mitigating COVID-19 transmission, morbidity, and mortality. Future booster vaccine campaigns rely on an increased understanding of vaccine hesitancy. OBJECTIVE To evaluate self-reported allergic and skin vaccine reactions as factors potentially associated with vaccine hesitancy in a nationwide vaccine allergy registry. METHODS Responses to survey questions concerning COVID-19 vaccine perceptions, coded from free text by 2 independent reviewers. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to determine the association between changed negative perception and respondent demographics, vaccination history, and reaction characteristics. RESULTS A total of 993 individuals (median of 46 years [IQR, 36-59], 88% female, 82% White) self-reported reactions to COVID-19 vaccination. Reactions included the following: delayed large local skin reaction (40%), hives/urticaria (32%), immediate large local skin reaction (3%), swelling (3%), anaphylaxis (2%), and other or unspecified (20%). Most respondents were initially unconcerned about the safety of COVID-19 vaccines (56%). After reactions, 401 of 993 (40%) report negative change in perception of vaccination, with more than half of these respondents (n = 211, 53%) citing their reasoning as a negative experience with adverse effects. Of 102 individuals asked about future vaccination, 79 (77%) indicated that they were unlikely or very unlikely to receive future COVID-19 vaccinations. Increased negative perception after reaction was associated with younger age, later COVID-19 vaccination dose number, and reaction type. CONCLUSION Our findings reveal that an individual's experience with allergic or cutaneous adverse effects after COVID-19 vaccination affects attitudes and decision-making regarding future vaccination, even in initially non-hesitant individuals. Further investigation of secondary vaccine hesitancy is necessary for adapting public health messaging to this important population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Esther E Freeman
- Department of Dermatology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts; Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; The Mongan Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Alexis G Strahan
- Department of Dermatology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Liam R Smith
- The Mongan Institute, Boston, Massachusetts; Division of Rheumatology, Allergy, and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Allen D Judd
- The Mongan Institute, Boston, Massachusetts; Division of Rheumatology, Allergy, and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Upeka Samarakoon
- The Mongan Institute, Boston, Massachusetts; Division of Rheumatology, Allergy, and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | | | - Andrew J King
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; The Mongan Institute, Boston, Massachusetts; Division of Rheumatology, Allergy, and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Kimberly G Blumenthal
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; The Mongan Institute, Boston, Massachusetts; Division of Rheumatology, Allergy, and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Sherchan JS, Fernandez JR, Njoku A, Brown TH, Forde AT. Perceptions of Racial-Ethnic Inequities in COVID-19 Healthcare and Willingness to Receive the COVID-19 Vaccine. Epidemiology 2024; 35:377-388. [PMID: 38567886 PMCID: PMC11022993 DOI: 10.1097/ede.0000000000001722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/18/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Perceptions of the US healthcare system can impact individuals' healthcare utilization, including vaccination intentions. This study examined the association between perceived racial-ethnic inequities in COVID-19 healthcare and willingness to receive the COVID-19 vaccine. METHODS This study used data from REACH-US, a nationally representative online survey of a large, diverse sample of U.S. adults (N=5145 January 26, 2021-March 3, 2021). Confirmatory factor and regression analyses examined a latent factor of perceived racial-ethnic inequities in COVID-19 healthcare, whether the factor was associated with willingness to receive the COVID-19 vaccine, and whether associations varied across racial-ethnic groups reported as probit estimates (B) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). RESULTS Perceived racial-ethnic inequities in COVID-19 healthcare were highest among Black/African American adults (mean latent factor score: 0.65 ± 0.43) and lowest among White adults (mean latent factor score: 0.04 ± 0.67). Black/African American (B = -0.08; 95% CI = -0.19, 0.03) and Native Hawaiian/Pacific Islander (B = -0.08; 95% CI = -0.23, 0.07) adults who perceived greater racial-ethnic inequities in COVID-19 healthcare were less willing than participants who perceived lower inequities. In contrast, American Indian/Alaska Native (B = 0.15; 95% CI = -0.01, 0.30), Asian (B = 0.20; 95% CI = 0.08, 0.31), Hispanic/Latino (English language preference) (B = 0.22; 95% CI = 0.01, 0.43), Multiracial (B = 0.23; 95% CI = 0.09, 0.36), and White (B = 0.31; 95% CI = 0.19, 0.43) adults who perceived greater racial-ethnic inequities in COVID-19 healthcare were more willing to receive the COVID-19 vaccine than participants perceiving higher inequities. CONCLUSIONS Greater perceived racial-ethnic inequities in COVID-19 healthcare were associated with less willingness to receive the COVID-19 vaccine among Black/African American and Native Hawaiian/Pacific Islander adults.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juliana S. Sherchan
- From the Division of Intramural Research, National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Jessica R. Fernandez
- From the Division of Intramural Research, National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Anuli Njoku
- Department of Public Health, Southern Connecticut State University, New Haven, CT
| | | | - Allana T. Forde
- From the Division of Intramural Research, National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Marini M, Demichelis A, Menicagli D, Mancini G, Panizza F, Bilancini E, Cevolani G. I want to be safe: understanding the main drivers behind vaccination choice throughout the pandemic. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:1111. [PMID: 38649925 PMCID: PMC11036553 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-18511-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite being a major advancement in modern medicine, vaccines face widespread hesitancy and refusal, posing challenges to immunization campaigns. The COVID-19 pandemic accentuated vaccine hesitancy, emphasizing the pivotal role of beliefs in efficacy and safety on vaccine acceptance rates. This study explores the influence of efficacy and safety perceptions on vaccine uptake in Italy during the pandemic. METHODS We administered a 70-item questionnaire to a representative sample of 600 Italian speakers. Participants were tasked with assessing the perceived effectiveness and safety of each vaccine dose, along with providing reasons influencing their vaccination choices. Additionally, we conducted an experimental manipulation, exploring the effects of four framing messages that emphasized safety and/or efficacy on participants' willingness to receive a hypothetical fourth vaccine dose. Furthermore, participants were asked about their level of trust in the scientific community and public authorities, as well as their use of different information channels for obtaining COVID-19-related information. RESULTS Our study reveals a dynamic shift in vaccine efficacy and safety perceptions throughout the COVID-19 pandemic, potentially influencing vaccination compliance. Initially perceived as more effective than safe, this assessment reversed by the time of the third dose. Beliefs regarding safety, rather than efficacy, played a significant role in anticipating future vaccinations (e.g., the booster dose). Safety-focused messages positively affected vaccination intent, while efficacy-focused messages showed limited impact. We also observed a changing trend in reasons for vaccination, with a decline in infection-related reasons and an increase in social related ones. Furthermore, trust dynamics evolved differently for public authorities and the scientific community. CONCLUSIONS Vaccine perception is a dynamic process shaped by evolving factors like efficacy and safety perceptions, trust levels, and individual motivations. Our study sheds light on the complex dynamics that underlie the perception of vaccine safety and efficacy, and their impact on willingness to vaccinate. We discuss these results in light of bounded rationality, loss aversion and classic utility theory.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marco Marini
- IMT School for Advanced Studies Lucca, Lucca, Italy.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Camacho-Neciosup R, Balcazar-Huaman EN, Alvarez-Vilchez ML, De la Cruz-Galán JP, Gálvez-Guadalupe Y, Garcia-Muñoz ED, Cerron-Daga G, Failoc-Rojas VE, Valladares-Garrido MJ. Factors associated with intention to be vaccinated with the COVID-19 booster dose: a cross-sectional study in Peru. PeerJ 2024; 12:e16727. [PMID: 38563006 PMCID: PMC10984177 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.16727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction The pandemic of COVID-19 continues to impact people worldwide, with more than 755 million confirmed cases and more than 6.8 million reported deaths. Although two types of treatment, antiviral and immunomodulatory therapy, have been approved to date, vaccination has been the best method to control the spread of the disease. Objective To explore factors associated with the intention to be vaccinated with the COVID-19 booster dose in Peru. Material and Methods Cross-sectional study, using virtual and physical surveys of adults with two or more doses of COVID-19 vaccine, where the dependent variable was the intention to be vaccinated (IBV) with the booster dose. We calculated prevalence ratios with 95% confidence intervals, using generalized linear models of the Poisson family with robust varying, determining associations between sociodemographic, clinical, and booster dose perception variables. Results Data from 924 adults were analyzed. The IBV of the booster doses was 88.1%. A higher prevalence was associated with being male (aPR = 1.05; 95% CI [1.01-1.10]), having a good perception of efficacy and protective effect (PR = 3.69; 95% CI [2.57-5.30]) and belonging to the health sector (PR = 1.10; 95% CI [1.04-1.16]). There was greater acceptance of the recommendation of physicians and other health professionals (aPR = 1.40; 95% CI [1.27-1.55]). Conclusions Factors associated with higher IBV with booster dose include male gender, health sciences, physician recommendation, and good perception of efficacy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo Camacho-Neciosup
- Sociedad Científica de Estudiantes de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Pedro Ruiz Gallo, Lambayeque, Peru
- Facultad de Medicina Humana, Universidad Nacional Pedro Ruiz Gallo, Lambayeque, Peru
| | - Ericka N. Balcazar-Huaman
- Sociedad Científica de Estudiantes de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Pedro Ruiz Gallo, Lambayeque, Peru
- Facultad de Medicina Humana, Universidad Nacional Pedro Ruiz Gallo, Lambayeque, Peru
| | - Margarita L. Alvarez-Vilchez
- Sociedad Científica de Estudiantes de Medicina, Universidad Peruana Los Andes, Huancayo, Peru
- Facultad Medicina Humana, Universidad Peruana Los Andes, Huancayo, Peru
| | - Janith P. De la Cruz-Galán
- Sociedad Científica de Estudiantes de Medicina Veritas, Universidad de San Martín de Porres, Lambayeque, Peru
- Facultad de Medicina Humana, Universidad de San Martín de Porres, Chiclayo, Peru
| | - Yubely Gálvez-Guadalupe
- Sociedad Científica de Estudiantes de Medicina, Universidad Privada Antenor Orrego, Trujillo, Peru
- Universidad Privada Antenor Orrego, Trujillo, Peru
| | - Edwin D. Garcia-Muñoz
- Escuela de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Toribio Rodríguez de Mendoza de Amazonas, Chachapoyas, Peru
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Atta-Osei G, Acheampong E, Gyaase D, Tawiah R, Gyaase TI, Adade R, Fofie D, Owusu I, Mprah WK. Factors associated with Covid-19 vaccine acceptance among persons with disabilities: A cross-sectional study in Ghana. PLOS GLOBAL PUBLIC HEALTH 2024; 4:e0002822. [PMID: 38483893 PMCID: PMC10939259 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgph.0002822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND While COVID-19 has had a wide-ranging impact on individuals and societies, persons with disabilities are uniquely affected largely due to secondary health conditions and challenges in adhering to protective measures. However, research on COVID-19 and vaccine acceptance has primarily focused on the general population and healthcare workers but has specifically not targeted PwDs, who are more vulnerable within societies. Hence, this study assessed PwDs knowledge of COVID-19 and factors associated with COVID-19 vaccine acceptance. METHODS A cross-sectional survey was conducted among PwDs in the Atwima Mponua District in the Ashanti Region of Ghana. Respondents were sampled systematically and data was collected using a structured questionnaire. The data were analyzed with STATA version 16.0. Descriptive analysis was done using means and proportions. The chi-square test and Logistic regression were used to assess Covid-19 vaccine acceptance among the respondents. RESULTS 250 PwDs were recruited for the study. A higher proportion of the respondents were females, physically impaired, and between 30-50 years. The majority (74%) of the PwDs had average knowledge about Covid-19. Factors such as age, educational level and type of disability were significantly associated with PwDs' knowledge of COVID-19. The acceptance rate for COVID-19 among PwDs was 71.2%. Age, religion, knowledge of COVID-19, and educational level were significantly associated with Covid-19 vaccine acceptance. Persons with disabilities with low and average knowledge of COVID-19 were 95% and 65%, respectively, less likely to accept the vaccine compared to those with high knowledge of COVID-19 (AOR = 0.05, 95%CI: 0.01, 0.21; AOR = 0.35, 95%CI: 0.12, 1.03). Older people and those with higher education were more likely to accept the vaccine compared to younger people and those with no or less education. CONCLUSION Persons with disabilities have average knowledge of COVID-19 and a greater percentage of them were willing to accept the vaccine. The study identified age, religion, knowledge of COVID-19, and educational level as contributing factors to their willingness to accept the COVID-19 vaccine. This suggest that PwDs will lean positive toward COVID-19 vaccine programs and as such, vaccination programs should target them.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Godfred Atta-Osei
- Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Department of Health Promotion and Disability Studies, Centre for Disability and Rehabilitation Studies, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Enoch Acheampong
- Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Department of Health Promotion and Disability Studies, Centre for Disability and Rehabilitation Studies, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Daniel Gyaase
- Injury Division, The George Institute for Global Health, Barangaroo, Australia
- University of New South Wale, Sydney, Australia
| | - Rebecca Tawiah
- Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Department of Health Promotion and Disability Studies, Centre for Disability and Rehabilitation Studies, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Theresah Ivy Gyaase
- Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Department of Health Promotion and Disability Studies, Centre for Disability and Rehabilitation Studies, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Richard Adade
- Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Department of Health Promotion and Disability Studies, Centre for Disability and Rehabilitation Studies, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Douglas Fofie
- Department of Education, Akrokerri College of Education, Akrokerri, Ghana
| | - Isaac Owusu
- Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Department of Health Promotion and Disability Studies, Centre for Disability and Rehabilitation Studies, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Wisdom Kwadwo Mprah
- Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Department of Health Promotion and Disability Studies, Centre for Disability and Rehabilitation Studies, Kumasi, Ghana
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Abate BB, Zemariam AB, Wondimagegn A, Abebe GK, Araya FG, Kassie AM, Bizuayehu MA. Knowledge, attitude and practice of home management of diarrhea among under-five children in East Africa: A systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0298801. [PMID: 38394284 PMCID: PMC10890776 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0298801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Diarrhea is particularly prevalent in low-income or marginalized populations because these groups have less access to clean water sources, hygienic conditions, and healthcare. Dehydration due to electrolyte and fluid loss is the main cause of deaths associated with diarrhea. An especially important factor in this death from dehydration is the caregivers' knowledge, attitude, and diarrhea management techniques. While a number of research have been done on managing diarrhea at home, the results tend not to be consistent. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to assess the pooled estimate of knowledge, attitude and practice of home-based management of diarrhea in East Africa. METHODS Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines was used to search articles from electronic databases (Cochrane library, Ovid platform (Medline, Embase, and Emcare), Google Scholar, CINAHL, PubMed, and institutional repositories in East Africa countries. The last search date was on 01/06/ 2023 Gregorian Calendar. The authors extracted year of publication, country, study design, knowledge level, attitude level and practice level of home-based management of diarrhea. A weighted inverse variance random-effects model was used to estimate the pooled prevalence of knowledge, attitude and practice of home-based management of diarrhea. Subgroup analysis was done by country, and sample size. Publication bias and sensitivity analysis were also done. RESULTS A total of 19 articles with (n = 7470 participants) were included for the final analysis. From the random-effects model analysis, the pooled prevalence of good practice, good knowledge and favorable attitude towards home based management of diarrhea in East Africa was found to be 52.62% (95% CI: 45.32%, 59.92%) (95% CI: I2 = 78.3%; p < 0.001), 37.44% (95% CI: 26.99%, 47.89%) (95% CI: I2 = 89.2%; p < 0.001) and 63.05% (95% CI: 35.7%, 90.41%) (95% CI: I2 = 97.8%; p < 0.001) respectively. CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS The level of good knowledge, attitude and practice of home based management of diarrhea in East Africa is found to be low. A collaborative effort from different stakeholders to enhance the knowledge, attitude and practice is needed to tackle the burden of diarrhea and its consequences.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Biruk Beletew Abate
- Assistant Professor in Pediatrics and Child Health Nursing, College of Health Science, Woldia University, Weldiya, Ethiopia
| | - Alemu Birara Zemariam
- MSc in Pediatrics and Child Health Nursing, College of Health Science, Woldia University, Weldiya, Ethiopia
| | - Addis Wondimagegn
- MSc in Emergency Medicine and Critical Care Nursing, College of Health Science, Woldia University, Weldiya, Ethiopia
| | - Gebremeskel Kibret Abebe
- MSc in Emergency Medicine and Critical Care Nursing, College of Health Science, Woldia University, Weldiya, Ethiopia
| | | | - Ayelign Mengesha Kassie
- Assistant Professor in Adult Health Nursing, College of Health Science, Woldia University, Weldiya, Ethiopia
| | - Molla Azmeraw Bizuayehu
- MSc in Pediatrics and Child Health Nursing, College of Health Science, Woldia University, Weldiya, Ethiopia
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Li S, Hao J, Su Y, Zhan H, Zhou N, Qiu Y, Lu Y, Sun K, Tian Y. COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy and influencing factors among Chinese hospital staff: a cross-sectional study. Sci Rep 2024; 14:4369. [PMID: 38388666 PMCID: PMC10883913 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-55001-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
We aimed to investigate the willingness of hospital staff to receive the COVID-19 vaccine and explore the associated factors and reasons of vaccine hesitancy among Chinese hospital staff, which were not yet known. A cross-sectional questionnaire survey was conducted online on the vaccine hesitancy of staff in a grade A tertiary general hospital in Beijing from February 22 to 23, 2023. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression were used to assess associations between potential influencing factors and vaccine hesitancy. A total of 3269 valid respondents were included, and the rate of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy was 32.67%. Multivariate logistic regression showed that women [1.50 (1.22-1.83)], having high-school education level [1.69 (1.04-2.76)], college degree [2.24 (1.35-3.72)] or graduate degree [2.31 (1.33-4.03)], and having underlying disease [1.41 (1.12-1.77)] were associated with a higher rate of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy. The main reasons for vaccine hesitancy included doubts for the safety and effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccine and worries in adverse reactions. Hospital staff's willingness to vaccinate COVID-19 vaccine is generally high in the study. Hospitals should spread the knowledge of COVID-19 vaccine through multiple channels to improve the cognition of hospital staff and encourage vaccination based on associated factors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shangyao Li
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, 10 You'anmen Outer West 1st Street, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Jinjuan Hao
- Hospital Administration Office, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatrics Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 1 Dahua Road, Dongdan, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Yu Su
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, 10 You'anmen Outer West 1st Street, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Haoran Zhan
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, 10 You'anmen Outer West 1st Street, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Nuo Zhou
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, 10 You'anmen Outer West 1st Street, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Yitong Qiu
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, 10 You'anmen Outer West 1st Street, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Yitong Lu
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, 10 You'anmen Outer West 1st Street, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Ke Sun
- Hospital Administration Office, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatrics Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 1 Dahua Road, Dongdan, Beijing, 100730, China.
| | - Yu Tian
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, 10 You'anmen Outer West 1st Street, Beijing, 100069, China.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Mahmood B, Adu P, McKee G, Bharmal A, Wilton J, Janjua NZ. Ethnic Disparities in COVID-19 Vaccine Mistrust and Receipt in British Columbia, Canada: Population Survey. JMIR Public Health Surveill 2024; 10:e48466. [PMID: 38363596 PMCID: PMC10896316 DOI: 10.2196/48466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 09/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Racialized populations in the United States, Canada, and the United Kingdom have been disproportionately affected by COVID-19. Higher vaccine hesitancy has been reported among racial and ethnic minorities in some of these countries. In the United Kingdom, for example, higher vaccine hesitancy has been observed among the South Asian population and Black compared with the White population, and this has been attributed to lack of trust in government due to historical and ongoing racism and discrimination. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to assess vaccine receipt by ethnicity and its relationship with mistrust among ethnic groups in British Columbia (BC), Canada. METHODS We included adults ≥18 years of age who participated in the BC COVID-19 Population Mixing Patterns Survey (BC-Mix) from March 8, 2021, to August 8, 2022. The survey included questions about vaccine receipt and beliefs based on a behavioral framework. Multivariable logistic regression was used to assess the association between mistrust in vaccines and vaccine receipt among ethnic groups. RESULTS The analysis included 25,640 adults. Overall, 76.7% (22,010/28,696) of respondents reported having received at least 1 dose of COVID-19 vaccines (Chinese=86.1%, South Asian=79.6%, White=75.5%, and other ethnicity=73.2%). Overall, 13.7% (3513/25,640) of respondents reported mistrust of COVID-19 vaccines (Chinese=7.1%, South Asian=8.2%, White=15.4%, and other ethnicity=15.2%). In the multivariable model (adjusting for age, sex, ethnicity, educational attainment, and household size), mistrust was associated with a 93% reduced odds of vaccine receipt (adjusted odds ratio 0.07, 95% CI 0.06-0.08). In the models stratified by ethnicity, mistrust was associated with 81%, 92%, 94%, and 95% reduced odds of vaccine receipt among South Asian, Chinese, White, and other ethnicities, respectively. Indecision, whether to trust the vaccine or not, was significantly associated with a 70% and 78% reduced odds of vaccine receipt among those who identified as White and of other ethnic groups, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Vaccine receipt among those who identified as South Asian and Chinese in BC was higher than that among the White population. Vaccine mistrust was associated with a lower odds of vaccine receipt in all ethnicities, but it had a lower effect on vaccine receipt among the South Asian and Chinese populations. Future research needs to focus on sources of mistrust to better understand its potential influence on vaccine receipt among visible minorities in Canada.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bushra Mahmood
- Division of Endocrinology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Prince Adu
- British Columbia Center for Disease Control, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Social Medicine, Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, Ohio University, Dublin, OH, United States
| | - Geoffrey McKee
- British Columbia Center for Disease Control, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Aamir Bharmal
- British Columbia Center for Disease Control, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - James Wilton
- British Columbia Center for Disease Control, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Naveed Zafar Janjua
- British Columbia Center for Disease Control, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Centre for Health Evaluation and Outcome Sciences, St Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Wong E, Liu Y, Shier V, Datar A. Heterogeneity in COVID-19 vaccine uptake within low-income minority communities: evidence from the watts neighborhood health study. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:503. [PMID: 38365658 PMCID: PMC10873997 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-17968-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The literature on disparities in COVID-19 vaccine uptake focuses primarily on the differences between White versus non-White individuals or differences by socioeconomic status. Much less is known about disparities in vaccine uptake within low-income, minority communities and its correlates. METHODS This study investigates disparities in COVID-19 vaccination uptake within racial and ethnic minoritized communities with similar socioeconomic backgrounds and built environments, specifically focusing on Black-Hispanic disparities and disparities within the Hispanic community by country of origin. Data are analyzed from the fourth wave (June 2021- May 2022) of the Watts Neighborhood Health Study, a cohort study of public housing residents in south Los Angeles, CA. Linear probability models estimated the association between vaccine uptake and participants' race/ethnicity, sequentially adding controls for sociodemographic characteristics, health care access and insurance, prior infection, and attitudes towards COVID-19 vaccines. Differences in reasons for vaccination status by race/ethnicity were also tested. RESULTS Mexican Hispanic and non-Mexican Hispanic participants were 31% points (95% CI: 0.21, 0.41, p < 0.001) and 44% points (95% CI: 0.32, 0.56, p < 0.001) more likely to be vaccinated than non-Hispanic Black participants, respectively. The disparity between Black and Hispanic participants was reduced by about 40% after controlling for attitudes towards COVID-19 vaccines. Among Hispanic participants, non-Mexican participants were 13% points (95% CI: 0.03, 0.24, p = 0.01) more likely to be vaccinated than Mexican participants, however, these differences were no longer significant after controlling for individual and household characteristics (β = 0.04, 95% CI: -0.07, 0.15, p = 0.44). CONCLUSION There are sizeable racial and ethnic COVID-19 vaccination disparities even within low-income and minoritized communities. Accounting for this heterogeneity and its correlates can be critically important for public health efforts to ensure vaccine equity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Wong
- Center for Economic and Social Research, University of Southern California, 635 Downey Way, VPD, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
| | - Ying Liu
- Center for Economic and Social Research, University of Southern California, 635 Downey Way, VPD, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
| | - Victoria Shier
- Sol Price School of Public Policy, Schaeffer Center for Health Policy and Economics, University of Southern California, 635 Downey Way, VPD, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
| | - Ashlesha Datar
- Center for Economic and Social Research, University of Southern California, 635 Downey Way, VPD, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Are EB, Card KG, Colijn C. The role of vaccine status homophily in the COVID-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional survey with modelling. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:472. [PMID: 38355444 PMCID: PMC10868109 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-17957-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vaccine homophily describes non-heterogeneous vaccine uptake within contact networks. This study was performed to determine observable patterns of vaccine homophily, as well as the impact of vaccine homophily on disease transmission within and between vaccination groups under conditions of high and low vaccine efficacy. METHODS Residents of British Columbia, Canada, aged ≥ 16 years, were recruited via online advertisements between February and March 2022, and provided information about vaccination status, perceived vaccination status of household and non-household contacts, compliance with COVID-19 prevention guidelines, and history of COVID-19. A deterministic mathematical model was used to assess transmission dynamics between vaccine status groups under conditions of high and low vaccine efficacy. RESULTS Vaccine homophily was observed among those with 0, 2, or 3 doses of the vaccine. Greater homophily was observed among those who had more doses of the vaccine (p < 0.0001). Those with fewer vaccine doses had larger contact networks (p < 0.0001), were more likely to report prior COVID-19 (p < 0.0001), and reported lower compliance with COVID-19 prevention guidelines (p < 0.0001). Mathematical modelling showed that vaccine homophily plays a considerable role in epidemic growth under conditions of high and low vaccine efficacy. Furthermore, vaccine homophily contributes to a high force of infection among unvaccinated individuals under conditions of high vaccine efficacy, as well as to an elevated force of infection from unvaccinated to suboptimally vaccinated individuals under conditions of low vaccine efficacy. INTERPRETATION The uneven uptake of COVID-19 vaccines and the nature of the contact network in the population play important roles in shaping COVID-19 transmission dynamics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elisha B Are
- Mathematics, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada.
- Pacific Institute On Pathogens, Pandemics and Society (PIPPS), Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada.
| | - Kiffer G Card
- Pacific Institute On Pathogens, Pandemics and Society (PIPPS), Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada
- Institute for Social Connection, Victoria, BC, Canada
| | - Caroline Colijn
- Mathematics, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada
- Pacific Institute On Pathogens, Pandemics and Society (PIPPS), Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Vepachedu S, Nurzenska A, Lohiniva AL, Hudi AH, Deku S, Birungi J, Greiner K, Sherlock J, Campbell C, Foster L. Understanding COVID-19 vaccination behaviors and intentions in Ghana: A Behavioral Insights (BI) study. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0292532. [PMID: 38335165 PMCID: PMC10857727 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0292532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Vaccine uptake is influenced by a variety of factors. Behavioral Insights (BI) can be used to address vaccine hesitancy to understand the factors that influence the decision to take or refuse a vaccine. METHODOLOGY This two-part study consisted of a survey designed to identify the influence of various drivers of people's COVID-19 vaccination status and their intention to take the vaccine in Ghana, as well as an experiment to test which of several behaviorally informed message frames had the greatest effect on vaccine acceptance. Data was collected from a total of 1494 participants; 1089 respondents (73%) reported already being vaccinated and 405 respondents (27%) reported not being vaccinated yet. The mobile phone-based surveys were conducted between December 2021 and January 2022 using Random Digit Dialing (RDD) to recruit study participants. Data analysis included regression models, relative weights analyses, and ANOVAs. RESULTS The findings indicated that vaccine uptake in Ghana is influenced more by social factors (what others think) than by practical factors such as ease of vaccination. Respondents' perceptions of their family's and religious leaders' attitudes towards the vaccine were among the most influential drivers. Unexpectedly, healthcare providers' positive attitudes about the COVID-19 vaccine had a significant negative relationship with respondents' vaccination behavior. Vaccine intention was positively predicted by risk perception, ease of vaccination, and the degree to which respondents considered the vaccine effective. Perceptions of religious leaders' attitudes also significantly and positively predicted respondents' intention to get vaccinated. Although perceptions of religious leaders' views about the vaccine are an important driver of vaccine acceptance, results asking respondents to rank-order who influences them suggest that people may not be consciously aware-or do not want to admit-the degree to which they are affected by what religious leaders think. Message frames that included fear, altruism, social norms were all followed by positive responses toward the vaccine, as were messages with three distinct messengers: Ghana Health Services, a doctor, and religious leaders. CONCLUSIONS What drives COVID-19 vaccine intentions does not necessarily drive behaviors. The results of this study can be used to develop appropriate COVID-19 vaccine uptake strategies targeting the most important drivers of COVID-19 vaccine acceptance, using effective message frames.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Swathi Vepachedu
- Center for Advanced Hindsight, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States of America
- Department of Psychology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States of America
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Karen Greiner
- UNICEF Regional Office Central and West Africa, Dakar, Senegal
| | - Joseph Sherlock
- Center for Advanced Hindsight, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States of America
| | - Chelsi Campbell
- Center for Advanced Hindsight, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States of America
- Department of Psychology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States of America
| | - Lori Foster
- Department of Psychology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States of America
- School of Management Studies, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Auliya AA, Syafarina I, Latifah AL, Wiharto. Significance of weather condition, human mobility, and vaccination on global COVID-19 transmission. Spat Spatiotemporal Epidemiol 2024; 48:100635. [PMID: 38355259 DOI: 10.1016/j.sste.2024.100635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
The transmission growth rate of infectious diseases, particularly COVID-19, has forced governments to take immediate control decisions. Previous studies have shown that human mobility, weather condition, and vaccination are potential factors influencing virus transmission. This study investigates the contribution of weather conditions, namely temperature and precipitation, human mobility, and vaccination to coronavirus transmission. Three machine learning models: random forest (RF), XGBoost, and neural networks, are applied to predict the confirmed cases based on three aforementioned variables. All models' prediction are evaluated via spatial and temporal analysis. The spatial analysis observes the model performance over countries on certain times. The temporal analysis looks at the model prediction of each country during the specified period. The models' prediction results effectively indicate the transmission trend. The RF model performs best with a coefficient of determination of up to 89%. Meanwhile, all models confirm that vaccination is most significantly associated with COVID-19 cases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amandha Affa Auliya
- Research Center for Computing, National Research and Innovation Agency, Jl. Raya Jakarta Bogor KM 46, Cibinong, 16911, Indonesia; Sebelas Maret University, Jl. Ir Sutami No. 36, Surakarta, 57126, Indonesia
| | - Inna Syafarina
- Research Center for Computing, National Research and Innovation Agency, Jl. Raya Jakarta Bogor KM 46, Cibinong, 16911, Indonesia
| | - Arnida L Latifah
- Research Center for Computing, National Research and Innovation Agency, Jl. Raya Jakarta Bogor KM 46, Cibinong, 16911, Indonesia; School of Computing, Telkom University, Jl. Telekomunikasi No. 1, Bandung, 40257, Indonesia.
| | - Wiharto
- Sebelas Maret University, Jl. Ir Sutami No. 36, Surakarta, 57126, Indonesia
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Jin S, Lin L, Larson HJ, Cook AR. COVID-19 vaccine acceptance and its associated factors in the Western Pacific Region. THE LANCET REGIONAL HEALTH. WESTERN PACIFIC 2024; 43:100840. [PMID: 38371748 PMCID: PMC10874712 DOI: 10.1016/j.lanwpc.2023.100840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
Background COVID-19 vaccines effectively reduced the severity of the pandemic, but the mass rollout was challenged by vaccine hesitancy, which was related to heterogenous factors-such as religiosity, mistrust, and a lack of scientific knowledge-around the globe. Distinguishing these potential influencers and quantifying their impacts would help authorities to tailor strategies that boost vaccine confidence and acceptance. Methods We conducted a large-scale, data-driven analysis on vaccine acceptance and actual uptake in eight Western Pacific countries before (2021) and after (2022) the mass COVID-19 vaccine rollouts. We compared vaccine acceptance or uptake rates between different subpopulations using Bootstrap methods and further constructed a logistic model to investigate the relationship between vaccine endorsement and diverse socio-demographic or trust-related determinants at these two time points. Findings Substantial between-country differences in vaccine acceptance and uptake were observed across the Western Pacific, with Mongolia, Vietnam, Laos, Cambodia, and Malaysia being more pro-vaccine than the other three countries (Japan, South Korea, and the Philippines). Actual vaccination rates in 2022 were all higher than predicted from the 2021 responses. Influencers for vaccine endorsement were country-specific, but generally, groups susceptible to vaccine hesitancy included females, the less-educated, and those distrusting vaccines or health care providers. Interpretation Our findings demonstrate the successful translation of vaccine intent to actual uptake with the deployment of COVID-19 vaccination in the Western Pacific. Increasing vaccine confidence and supressing dissemination of misinformation may play an essential role in reducing vaccine hesitancy and ramping up immunisation. Funding AIR@InnoHK.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shihui Jin
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore
| | - Leesa Lin
- Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
- Laboratory of Data Discovery for Health (D24H), Hong Kong Science Park, Hong Kong SAR, China
- WHO Collaborating Centre for Infectious Disease Epidemiology and Control, School of Public Health, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Heidi J. Larson
- Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
- Centre for the Evaluation of Vaccination, Vaccine & Infectious Disease Institute, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
- Department of Health Metrics Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Alex R. Cook
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore
- Department of Statistics and Data Science, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Garg M, Nagrecha AA, Gupta R, Williams M. COVID-19 Vaccine Perspective From Adolescents' Lens in the US. Cureus 2024; 16:e53566. [PMID: 38445148 PMCID: PMC10914079 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.53566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/03/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction The COVID-19 pandemic has presented an unprecedented global health issue. The World Health Organization estimates 773 million confirmed cases and 7 million deaths. Vaccination continues to be the most effective way to prevent COVID-19 and has demonstrated safety and efficacy in all age groups. Though a lot of studies have looked at COVID-19 vaccination acceptance and hesitancy in adults, there is scarce research addressing adolescent vaccination readiness. COVID-19 infection in this age group may result in lost school days, school and community transmission, and loss of productivity for parents. Aim This study aims to determine COVID-19 vaccination rates and factors influencing its acceptance and hesitancy in adolescents in a community setting. Methods A voluntary survey was conducted at a local high school in May 2023. Information was collected about the demographics of adolescents and the educational background of parents/guardians. The survey assessed the COVID vaccine rate, reasons for COVID-19 vaccine acceptance or refusal, number of doses of COVID-19 vaccine and boosters received, prior history of COVID-19 infection, source of information on COVID-19 vaccine, flu vaccine acceptance by the students, and whether they would be willing to take a COVID-19 vaccine booster. Results Four hundred participants, ranging in age from 13 to 19, were surveyed. The vaccination rate in boys was comparable to that in girls. 72% received at least one COVID-19 vaccine, and 66% were considered completely vaccinated. Of those completely vaccinated, 80% had undergone further updated COVID-19 booster vaccinations. Adolescents whose parents/guardians were college graduates had a higher vaccination rate than those whose parents/guardians were not. Caucasians and Asians had a higher vaccination rate compared to African Americans and mixed races. The vaccination rate was not statistically different in adolescents with prior COVID-19 infection versus no prior infection. Flu vaccination was associated with higher COVID-19 vaccination rates. Lack of trust was an important reason for vaccine hesitancy, along with questions about efficacy, concerns about side effects, parent/guardian decisions, and religious reasons. Protecting oneself, family/friends, and community were the major reasons to take the vaccine. Parents/guardians, physicians, peers, television, social media, flyers, and schools were the primary sources that adolescents relied on for information about the COVID-19 vaccination. Conclusion Lower education attainment among parents/guardians, African Americans, and mixed races was associated with lower vaccination rates. Lack of trust in the vaccine, questions about efficacy, and fear of side effects were the most frequently cited reasons for vaccine hesitancy. Parent/guardian influence and religious reasons were other significant reasons for vaccine hesitancy. Flu vaccination was associated with higher COVID-19 vaccination rates. Understanding factors influencing COVID-19 vaccination will allow us to address barriers to COVID-19 vaccination and other vaccinations appropriate for this age group. Educating adolescents in schools, involving local and state health departments to increase awareness about the vaccine, and educating parents and guardians along with the teenagers can help increase the acceptance of the vaccine. These interventions will also positively affect the acceptance of the booster and prepare us for any future pandemics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meher Garg
- Physician Preparatory Pathway Program, Springfield High School and Southern Illinois University (SIU) School of Medicine, Springfield, USA
| | - Arnav A Nagrecha
- College of Science and Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, USA
| | - Ruchi Gupta
- Internal Medicine, Springfield Clinic, Springfield, USA
| | - Makeba Williams
- Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, USA
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Huang L, Huschka TR, Barwise AK, Allen JSP, Wolfersteig W, Hamm K, Cardenas LD, Phelan SM, Allyse MA. Psychological reactance, misinformation, and distrust: A mixed methods analysis of COVID-19 vaccine uptake. J Clin Transl Sci 2024; 8:e48. [PMID: 38510694 PMCID: PMC10951926 DOI: 10.1017/cts.2024.15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Assessing perceptions of the COVID-19 vaccines is essential for understanding vaccine hesitancy and for improving uptake during public health emergencies. In the complicated landscape of COVID-19 vaccine mandates and rampant misinformation, many individuals faced challenges during vaccination decision-making. The purpose of our mixed methods study is to elucidate factors affecting vaccine decision-making and to highlight the discourse surrounding the COVID-19 vaccines in diverse and underserved communities. Methods This mixed methods study was conducted in Arizona, Florida, Minnesota, and Wisconsin between March and November 2021, combining a cross-sectional survey (n = 3593) and focus groups (n = 47). Results The groups least likely to report receiving a vaccination were non-Hispanic Whites, Indigenous people, males, and those with moderate socioeconomic status (SES). Those indicating high and low SES reported similar vaccination uptake. Focus group data highlighted resistance to mandates, distrust, misinformation, and concerns about the rapid development surrounding the COVID-19 vaccines. Psychological reactance theory posits that strongly persuasive messaging and social pressure can be perceived as a threat to freedom, encouraging an individual to take action to restore that freedom. Conclusion Our findings indicate that a subsection of participants felt pressured to get the vaccine, which led to weaker intentions to vaccinate. These results suggest that vaccine rollout strategies should be reevaluated to improve and facilitate informed decision-making.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lily Huang
- Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Todd R. Huschka
- Robert D. and Patricia E. Kern Center for Science of Health Care Delivery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Amelia K. Barwise
- Program in Biomedical Ethics Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Jay-Sheree P. Allen
- Division of Public Health, Infectious Diseases, and Occupational Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Wendy Wolfersteig
- Southwest Interdisciplinary Research Center, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
| | - Kathryn Hamm
- Southwest Interdisciplinary Research Center, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
| | | | - Sean M. Phelan
- Robert D. and Patricia E. Kern Center for Science of Health Care Delivery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Megan A. Allyse
- Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
- Program in Biomedical Ethics Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Bennett BW, Phillips LS, Gazmararian JA. The Association of Vaccination for Common Adult Infectious Diseases and Uptake of COVID-19 Vaccines among 5,006,851 Veterans, 20 December 2020-31 October 2021. Vaccines (Basel) 2024; 12:145. [PMID: 38400129 PMCID: PMC10893293 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines12020145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Disparities in vaccination coverage for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in the United States (U.S.) are consistent barriers limiting our ability to control the spread of disease, particularly those by age and race/ethnicity. This study examines the association between previous vaccination for common adult infectious diseases and vaccination for SARS-CoV-2 among a cohort of veterans in the U.S. Sociodemographic and clinical data were utilized from three databases within the Veterans Health Administration included in the electronic health record. We examined the association of previous vaccination for common adult vaccinations through six separate multivariable logistic regression analyses, one for each previous vaccine exposure, adjusting for demographic and clinical variables. We also examined the association of receiving any one of the six common adult vaccinations and vaccination against SARS-CoV-2. Adjusted models indicate higher odds of vaccination for SARS-CoV-2 among those who received each of the previous vaccinations. Significant differences were also noted by race/ethnicity and age. Veterans who recorded receiving any one of the previous vaccinations for common adult infections had significantly greater odds of receiving any vaccination against SARS-CoV-2. Understanding veterans' previous vaccination status can assist researchers and clinicians in impacting the uptake of novel vaccines, such as vaccination against SARS-CoV-2.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Brady W. Bennett
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA;
| | - Lawrence S. Phillips
- Atlanta VA Medical Center, Decatur, GA 30033, USA;
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Julie A. Gazmararian
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA;
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Abate BB, Tilahun BD, Yayeh BM. Global COVID-19 vaccine acceptance level and its determinants: an umbrella review. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:5. [PMID: 38166750 PMCID: PMC10759439 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-17497-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The COVID-19 vaccination is essential for reducing disease burden on a worldwide scale. The success of this strategy will largely depend on how well vaccines are received. Previous reviews had produced contradictory results, and there had been no umbrella review. Therefore, the objective of this umbrella review was to combine the contradictory data regarding the COVID-19 vaccination's global acceptance rate and its contributing factors. METHODS Using PRISMA guideline, PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Web of Sciences, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Scopus and Google Scholar which reported COVID-19 vaccine acceptance and/or its determinants were searched. The quality of the included studies was assessed using Assessment of Multiple Systematic Reviews (AMSTAR). A weighted inverse variance random-effects model was applied to find the pooled estimates. The subgroup analysis, heterogeneity, publication bias and sensitivity analysis were also assessed. RESULT Twenty-two SRM with 10,433,306 study participants were included. The pooled COVID-19 vaccine acceptance rate globally is found to be 60.23 (95% CI: 58.27, 62.18). In low-income countries, the pooled level of COVID-19 vaccine acceptance was found to be 54.07(50.31, 57.83) while this magnitude is 64.32 (62.24,66.40) among studies across the globe. Higher level of education (AOR =1.96; 95% CI:1.20, 2.73), good level of knowledge (2.20; 95% CI:1.36, 3.03), favourable attitude (AOR =4.50; 95% CI:2.89, 6.12), previous history of COVID-19 infection (AOR =3.41; 95% CI:1.77, 5.06), male sex (AOR =1.62; 95% CI:1.47, 1.77), and chronic disease (AOR =1.54; 95% CI:1.18, 1.90) were predictors of COVID-19 vaccine acceptance. CONCLUSION The pooled level of COVID-19 vaccine acceptance highly varied and found to be unacceptably low particularly in low-income countries. Higher level of education, good level of knowledge, favourable attitude, previous history of COVID-19, male sex, and chronic disease were factors of COVID-19 vaccine acceptance rate. A collaborative effort of stakeholders such as policymakers, and vaccine campaign program planners is needed to improve the acceptance rate of COVID-19 vaccine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Biruk Beletew Abate
- Pediatrics and Child Health Nursing, College of Health Science, Woldia University, Woldia, Ethiopia.
| | - Befkad Derese Tilahun
- Department of Nursing, College of Health Science, Woldia University, Woldia, Ethiopia
| | - Berihun Mulu Yayeh
- School of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Woldia University, Woldia, Ethiopia
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Barati M, Jormand H, Khazaei S, Bashirian S, Sadri M, Afshari M. Factors affecting subsequent dose of COVID-19 vaccine uptake based on BASNEF model among older adults. BMC Infect Dis 2024; 24:18. [PMID: 38166817 PMCID: PMC10763401 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-023-08903-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vaccination is a primary prevention approach to preventing disease by disconnecting the transmission chain. The current study utilized a BASNEF model framework to identify factors influencing subsequent doses of COVID-19 vaccination among older adults. METHODS This cross-sectional study was performed in the west of Iran in May 2022. The participants were selected via multi-stage sampling. Finally, 1120 participants contributed to the present study. The questionnaire consisted of three sections: a) Socio-demographic characteristics, b) cognitive impairments tests, and c) Questionnaire about the subsequent dose of COVID-19 vaccine uptake based on the BASNEF model. Data were analyzed using the software IBM AMOS-20 and SPSS-23 via one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and independent sample T-tests were used, too. The significance level of statistical tests was regarded as less than 0.05. RESULTS The presented results of analyzing 50% of the variance of vaccination intention as the dependent variable (R square = 0.497) and 10% of the behavior variance as the dependent variable (R square = 0.104) can be explained based on the BASNEF model. The enabling factors (β = 0.636, p < 0.001) and the intention (β = 0.322, p < 0.001) were important factors for subsequent doses of COVID-19 vaccine uptake in older adults. CONCLUSION So, planning and implementing promotional intervention programs for older people (over 65; 80), females, illiterate, widows and divorced, good economic status, and urban areas is essential. It seems that enabling factors such as free vaccinations, vaccination inaccessible places such as public social security agencies, social supports such as involvement of the government and physicians, and improving information by the medium or knowledge-sharing experience, which can be further used to enhance the acceptance of subsequent doses of COVID-19 uptake in older adults.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Majid Barati
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences and Department of Public Health, Asadabad School of Medical sciences, Asadabad, Iran, Hamadan, IR, Iran
| | - Hanieh Jormand
- Urology and Nephrology Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, IR, Iran.
| | - Salman Khazaei
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public and Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, IR, Iran
| | - Saeed Bashirian
- Department of Public Health, School of Public Health and Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, IR, Iran
| | - Mohadeseh Sadri
- Iranian Research Center on Aging, University of Social Walfare and Rehablitation Sciences, Tehran, IR, Iran
| | - Maryam Afshari
- Department of Public Health, School of Public Health and Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, IR, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
He L, Chen L, Zheng H, Zhang Y, Tang S, Chen H. Investigation of COVID-19 vaccination among maintenance hemodialysis patients in Sichuan, China. Jpn J Nurs Sci 2024; 21:e12556. [PMID: 37559431 DOI: 10.1111/jjns.12556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Revised: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023]
Abstract
AIM To investigate the current status of COVID-19 vaccination in maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) patients and its influencing factors. METHODS In total, 585 patients undergoing regular hemodialysis in Sichuan Province of China from January to March 2022 were selected to complete a questionnaire survey on their knowledge, attitudes and practices regarding COVID-19 vaccination. Independent t tests and logistic multivariate analysis were used to analyze the influencing factors of COVID-19 vaccination in hemodialysis patients. RESULTS The survey showed that 37.44% of MHD patients had been vaccinated with the COVID-19 vaccine. Being married was associated with COVID-19 vaccination in patients with MHD (odds ratio [OR] = 1.969 95% CI 0 .870 ~ 4.453). MHD patients living in county areas have higher rates of COVID-19 vaccination (OR = 0.572 95% CI 0.301 ~ 1.087). Family /relatives/friends who are healthcare workers are associated with COVID-19 vaccination for MHD patients (OR = 1.840 95% CI 1.140 ~ 2.970). Other vaccination history within 5 years was a factor in COVID-19 vaccination for MHD patients (OR = 5.592 95% CI 2.997 ~ 10.434). Attitude (OR = 0.885 95% CI 0.808 ~ 0.905), and practice (OR = 0.756 95% CI 0.697 ~ 0.819) scores on the COVID-19 vaccination knowledge and practice questionnaire were related to the vaccination status of MHD patients. CONCLUSIONS MHD patients had lower rates of COVID-19 vaccination. Marital status, living environment, whether family/relatives/friends were medical workers, and the score of the COVID-19 vaccine knowledge and practice questionnaire were the factors influencing their vaccination status. Clinical attention should be given to the adverse reactions of COVID-19 vaccination in MHD patients to improve the awareness of primary medical staff on hemodialysis, and families and society should pay more attention to COVID-19 vaccination in MHD patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li He
- Hemodialysis Center, Department of Nephrology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lin Chen
- Hemodialysis Center, Department of Nephrology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Haotian Zheng
- Hemodialysis Center, Department of Nephrology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yingjun Zhang
- Hemodialysis Center, Department of Nephrology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Sikai Tang
- Hemodialysis Center, Department of Nephrology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hui Chen
- Hemodialysis Center, Department of Nephrology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Koyuncu A, Elagöz İ, Yava A. Assessing the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on latex glove usage and latex allergy complaints among nurses: A descriptive study. Work 2024; 78:579-589. [PMID: 38306080 DOI: 10.3233/wor-230235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has led to a significant increase in the use of latex gloves among nurses. However, concerns about the rise in latex allergies and related complaints due to this increase remain uncertain. OBJECTİVE This study aims to assess the rates of latex glove usage and allergy-related complaints among nurses working in hospitals during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS Between May 15 and June 15, 2021, ethical approvals were obtained for a cross-sectional study involving 448 volunteer nurses. Descriptive statistics were used to represent categorical values as counts (n) and percentages (%), while continuous values were represented as mean±standard deviation. The normal distribution of the data was assessed using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov and Shapiro-Wilk tests. Comparative analyses were conducted using paired sample t-test, Pearson's chi-squared (x2) test, McNemar's chi-squared (x2) test, and Spearman correlation analysis. RESULTS Before the pandemic, the average number of invasive procedures was 45.13±26.48, whereas during the pandemic, this rate increased to 50.23±29.14. The average glove usage duration went from 7.69±3.13 hours to 14.73±3.68 hours during the pandemic. Among nurses, the rate of allergic symptoms, which was previously at 31.5%, rose to 33.3% during the pandemic. CONCLUSİON This study revealed a significant increase in daily invasive procedures and the use of latex gloves among nurses during the pandemic period. Simultaneously, the frequency of allergic symptoms also rose. These findings underscore the importance of awareness and preventive measures, particularly regarding latex allergies, in the healthcare field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aynur Koyuncu
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Hasan Kalyoncu University, Gaziantep, Turkey
| | - İslam Elagöz
- Department of Nursing, Yusuf Şerefoğlu Faculty of Health Sciences, Kilis 7Aralık University, Kilis, Turkey
| | - Ayla Yava
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Hasan Kalyoncu University, Gaziantep, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Gazibara T, Cvjetkovic S, Milic M, Dotlic J, Maksimovic N, Jovanovic V, Jeremic Stojkovic V. Preferences of COVID-19 Vaccines in the General Population in Belgrade, Serbia: A Qualitative Study. Behav Med 2024; 50:16-25. [PMID: 35672260 DOI: 10.1080/08964289.2022.2085652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2022] [Revised: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Few countries provided multiple COVID-19 vaccines for their citizens right from the start of mass immunization. In Serbia, four vaccines were available. Circumstances in which people had several options to choose from are unique. The purpose of this study was to identify motivators behind COVID-19 vaccination and the choice of COVID-19 vaccine among people who were immunized against COVID-19. Qualitative interviews with 35 vaccinated people aged > 18 years were conducted in May 2021 at the Institute of Public Health of Serbia, a reference institution for vaccination. Interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed and data were analyzed using qualitative content analysis. Four topics emerged: 1) Decision to receive COVID-19 vaccine; 2) Sources of information about the vaccine; 3) Choice of the COVID-19 vaccine and 4) Anti-vaccination sentiment around the vaccinated people. Participants were classified in two groups: those who were determined to receive the vaccine and those who were hesitant. People who were hesitant decided to receive the vaccine after reviewing the information collected from various sources, especially physicians. Although some participants accepted any vaccine regardless of their characteristics, there were others who had explicit preferences. These preferences stemmed mainly from their beliefs about particular vaccine's efficacy and safety, COVID-19 status (previous infection), living or lifestyle circumstances (residence or travel abroad), doctor's recommendation (underlying health status) or trust in expertise of that particular manufacturer's country of origin. Opting for appropriate vaccine was motivated by reasons specific to various individuals, which enabled them to make choices in line with their preferences and values.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tatjana Gazibara
- Institute of Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Smiljana Cvjetkovic
- Department of Humanities, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Marija Milic
- Institute of Public Health of Serbia "Dr Milan Jovanovic Batut", Belgrade, Serbia
- Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Pristina temporarily seated in Kosovska Mitrovica, Kosovska Mitrovica, Kosovo, Serbia
| | - Jelena Dotlic
- Clinic for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Clinical Center of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Natasa Maksimovic
- Institute of Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Verica Jovanovic
- Institute of Public Health of Serbia "Dr Milan Jovanovic Batut", Belgrade, Serbia
| | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Hennessy M, Bleakley A, Langbaum JB. Tracking COVID-19 vaccination expectancies and vaccination refusal in the United States. PSYCHOL HEALTH MED 2024; 29:297-316. [PMID: 36809232 PMCID: PMC10440367 DOI: 10.1080/13548506.2023.2181977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
To identify factors that predict COVID-19 vaccination refusal and show how expectancies affect vaccination acceptance for non-vaccinated adults, we used a monthly repeated cross-sectional sample from June/2021 to October/2021 to collect data on vaccination behaviors and predictor variables for 2,116 US adults over 50 years of age. Selection bias modeling - which is required when data availability is a result of behavioral choice - predicts two outcomes: (1) no vaccination vs. vaccination for the entire sample and (2) the effects of expectancy indices predicting vaccination Refuser vs. vaccination Accepters for the unvaccinated group. Vaccine refusers were younger and less educated, endorsed common misconceptions about the COVID-19 epidemic, and were Black. Vaccination expectancies were related to vaccination refusal in the unvaccinated eligible group: negative expectancies increased vaccine refusal, while positive expectancies decreased it. We conclude that behavior-related expectancies (as opposed to more stable psychological traits) are important to identify because they are often modifiable and provide a point of intervention, not just for COVID-19 vaccination acceptance but also for other positive health behaviors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Hennessy
- Department of Communication, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, United States
| | - Amy Bleakley
- Department of Communication, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, United States
| | | |
Collapse
|
36
|
Saravanan V, Chagaleti BK, Narayanan PL, Anandan VB, Manoharan H, Anjana GV, Peraman R, Namasivayam SKR, Kavisri M, Arockiaraj J, Muthu Kumaradoss K, Moovendhan M. Discovery and development of COVID-19 vaccine from laboratory to clinic. Chem Biol Drug Des 2024; 103:e14383. [PMID: 37953736 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.14383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
The world has recently experienced one of the biggest and most severe public health disasters with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2). SARS-CoV-2 is responsible for the coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19) which is one of the most widespread and powerful infections affecting human lungs. Current figures show that the epidemic had reached 216 nations, where it had killed about 6,438,926 individuals and infected 590,405,710. WHO proclaimed the outbreak of the Ebola virus disease (EVD), in 2014 that killed hundreds of people in West Africa. The development of vaccines for SARS-CoV-2 becomes more difficult due to the viral mutation in its non-structural proteins (NSPs) especially NSP2 and NSP3, S protein, and RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp). Continuous monitoring of SARS-CoV-2, dynamics of the genomic sequence, and spike protein mutations are very important for the successful development of vaccines with good efficacy. Hence, the vaccine development for SARS-CoV-2 faces specific challenges starting from viral mutation. The requirement of long-term immunity development, safety, efficacy, stability, vaccine allocation, distribution, and finally, its cost is discussed in detail. Currently, 169 vaccines are in the clinical development stage, while 198 vaccines are in the preclinical development stage. The majority of these vaccines belong to the Ps-Protein subunit type which has 54, and the minor BacAg-SPV (Bacterial antigen-spore expression vector) type, at least 1 vaccination. The use of computational methods and models for vaccine development has revolutionized the traditional methods of vaccine development. Further, this updated review highlights the upcoming vaccine development strategies in response to the current pandemic and post-pandemic era, in the field of vaccine development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Venkatesan Saravanan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, SRM College of Pharmacy, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Chengalpattu District, India
| | - Bharath Kumar Chagaleti
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, SRM College of Pharmacy, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Chengalpattu District, India
| | - Pavithra Lakshmi Narayanan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, SRM College of Pharmacy, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Chengalpattu District, India
| | - Vijay Babu Anandan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, SRM College of Pharmacy, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Chengalpattu District, India
| | - Haritha Manoharan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, SRM College of Pharmacy, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Chengalpattu District, India
| | - G V Anjana
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, SRM College of Pharmacy, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Chengalpattu District, India
| | - Ramalingam Peraman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER) Hajipur, Hajipur, India
| | - S Karthik Raja Namasivayam
- Department of Research & Innovation, Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, India
| | - M Kavisri
- Department of Civil Engineering, Saveetha School of Engineering, SIMATS Deemed University, Chennai, India
| | - Jesu Arockiaraj
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Humanities, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Chengalpattu District, India
| | - Kathiravan Muthu Kumaradoss
- Dr. APJ Abdul Kalam Research Lab, SRM College of Pharmacy, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Chengalpattu District, India
| | - Meivelu Moovendhan
- Centre for Ocean Research, Col. Dr. Jeppiar Research Park, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, India
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Alerwi SS, Alqasir AZ, Alzahrani H, Hafiz LM, Alharthy M, Albalawi M, Alhazmi RA, Alhazmi RA, Alotaibi SG, Alsaleh S, Alahmadi YK, Alroomi KA. Assessing Physician Confidence in Counseling Patients on COVID-19 Disease and Vaccination: A Survey of Physicians' Perspectives in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Cureus 2024; 16:e52887. [PMID: 38406041 PMCID: PMC10891417 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.52887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The COVID-19 vaccine has been available and well acceptable among the Saudi population since its introduction in 2020; however, concerns still remain regarding the confidence of doctors in giving such vaccines. RESEARCH QUESTION How confident are physicians in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia about giving counseling and advice for patients regarding COVID-19 disease and COVID-19 vaccines? OBJECTIVE To determine how confident Saudi Arabian doctors are in their ability to advise patients on the COVID-19 illness and COVID-19 vaccines. AIM To assist the health authorities in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia in developing and implementing programs to improve doctors' skills and knowledge in giving advice to patients about the COVID-19 vaccine. METHOD The research employed an online cross-sectional study methodology to gather insights from doctors employed at hospitals, healthcare centers, and clinics across the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The inclusion criteria encompassed doctors actively engaged in healthcare settings, while the exclusion criteria were applied to those who had never encountered COVID-19 patients and those who declined participation in the study. RESULTS It was found that doctors were confident that there's a potential for adverse effects that are not yet seen in vaccine trials. Further results showed that primary health care doctors are more confident about the common side effects associated with the approved vaccines. CONCLUSION Most doctors were confident about the vaccine, yet they also know that there are some hidden side effects that are not yet discovered. Since patients trusted doctors as the main source of information about the vaccine, the study provided evidence to emphasize the rule of doctors as a reliable source of information.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Saja S Alerwi
- College of Medicine, Arabian Gulf University, Manama, BHR
| | | | | | - Laalie M Hafiz
- College of Medicine, Arabian Gulf University, Manama, BHR
| | | | | | | | - Roba A Alhazmi
- College of Medicine, Arabian Gulf University, Manama, BHR
| | | | - Saad Alsaleh
- College of Medicine, Arabian Gulf University, Manama, BHR
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Harutyunyan T, Sargsyan Z, Sahakyan S, Chiloyan A, Melkom Melkomian D, Khachadourian V. Predicting COVID-19 vaccination uptake in Armenia using the Health Belief Model: Results from a nationwide survey. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2023; 19:2165383. [PMID: 36688424 PMCID: PMC9980550 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2023.2165383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Health behavior theories have been effectively used for studying populations' awareness, attitudes, and beliefs related to COVID-19 preventative behaviors. The aim of this study was to explore the factors associated with the intention to get vaccinated against COVID-19 in the Armenian population using the Health Belief Model (HBM) as a framework. We applied stratified two-stage random sampling to conduct a telephone survey of 3,483 adults in 2021. The multi-domain survey instrument included questions on socio-demographic characteristics, COVID-19-related knowledge, COVID-19 susceptibility, severity and self-efficacy beliefs, sources of information on COVID-19, COVID-19 vaccination practice, and its benefits and barriers. We performed bivariate and hierarchical multivariate regression analysis with the entry of variables in blocks. In total, about 12% of the sample (n = 393) was vaccinated against COVID-19. Of 2,838 unvaccinated participants, about 53% (n = 1516) had an intention to get vaccinated. The final hierarchical logistic regression model containing socio-demographic characteristics, knowledge about COVID-19, and HBM constructs explained 43% of the variance in the intention to get vaccinated against COVID-19. Participants' age, employment status, average monthly expenditures, perceived threat, benefits, perceived barriers, self-efficacy, and cues to action were significant and independent predictors of the intention to get COVID-19 vaccination. This study confirmed the utility of the HBM in highlighting drivers of an important health-protective behavior in the context of pandemics. Health policy makers, communication specialists, and healthcare providers should particularly stress the effectiveness and safety of the vaccines in their efforts to increase vaccination rates and focus on unemployed and low-income population groups.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tsovinar Harutyunyan
- Turpanjian College of Health Sciences, American University of Armenia, Yerevan, Armenia
| | - Zhanna Sargsyan
- Turpanjian College of Health Sciences, American University of Armenia, Yerevan, Armenia
| | - Serine Sahakyan
- Turpanjian College of Health Sciences, American University of Armenia, Yerevan, Armenia
| | - Araz Chiloyan
- Public Health Department, Ministry of Health, Yerevan, Armenia
| | | | - Vahe Khachadourian
- Turpanjian College of Health Sciences, American University of Armenia, Yerevan, Armenia
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Nomah DK, Reyes-Urueña J, Alonso L, Díaz Y, Moreno-Fornés S, Aceiton J, Bruguera A, Martín-Iguacel R, Imaz A, Gutierrez MDM, Román RW, Suanzes P, Ambrosioni J, Casabona J, Miro JM, Llibre JM. Comparative Analysis of Primary and Monovalent Booster SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination Coverage in Adults with and without HIV in Catalonia, Spain. Vaccines (Basel) 2023; 12:44. [PMID: 38250857 PMCID: PMC10819920 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines12010044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
People with HIV (PWH) may be more susceptible to SARS-CoV-2 infection and worse clinical outcomes. We investigated the disparity in SARS-CoV-2 vaccination coverage between PWH and those without HIV (PWoH) in Catalonia, Spain, assessing primary and monovalent booster vaccination coverage from December 2021 to July 2022. The vaccines administered were BNT162, ChAdOx1-S, mRNA-127, and Ad26.COV2.S. Using a 1:10 ratio of PWH to PWoH based on sex, age, and socioeconomic deprivation, the analysis included 201,630 individuals (183,300 PWoH and 18,330 PWH). Despite a higher prevalence of comorbidities, PWH exhibited lower rates of complete primary vaccination (78.2% vs. 81.8%, p < 0.001) but surpassed PWoH in booster coverage (68.5% vs. 63.1%, p < 0.001). Notably, complete vaccination rates were lower among PWH with CD4 <200 cells/μL, detectable HIV viremia, and migrants compared to PWoH (p < 0.001, all). However, PWH with CD4 < 200 cells/μL received more boosters (p < 0.001). In multivariable logistic regression analysis of the overall population, a prior SARS-CoV-2 diagnosis, HIV status, migrants, and mild-to-severe socioeconomic deprivation were associated with lower primary vaccination coverage, reflecting barriers to healthcare and vaccine access. However, booster vaccination was higher among PWH. Targeted interventions are needed to improve vaccine coverage and address hesitancy in vulnerable populations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Kwakye Nomah
- Center for Epidemiological Studies of Sexually Transmitted Diseases and HIV/AIDS in Catalonia (CEEISCAT), Department of Health, Government of Catalunya, 08916 Badalona, Spain; (J.R.-U.); (L.A.); (Y.D.); (S.M.-F.); (J.A.); (A.B.); (R.M.-I.); (J.C.)
- Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute (IGTP), 08916 Badalona, Spain
| | - Juliana Reyes-Urueña
- Center for Epidemiological Studies of Sexually Transmitted Diseases and HIV/AIDS in Catalonia (CEEISCAT), Department of Health, Government of Catalunya, 08916 Badalona, Spain; (J.R.-U.); (L.A.); (Y.D.); (S.M.-F.); (J.A.); (A.B.); (R.M.-I.); (J.C.)
| | - Lucía Alonso
- Center for Epidemiological Studies of Sexually Transmitted Diseases and HIV/AIDS in Catalonia (CEEISCAT), Department of Health, Government of Catalunya, 08916 Badalona, Spain; (J.R.-U.); (L.A.); (Y.D.); (S.M.-F.); (J.A.); (A.B.); (R.M.-I.); (J.C.)
| | - Yesika Díaz
- Center for Epidemiological Studies of Sexually Transmitted Diseases and HIV/AIDS in Catalonia (CEEISCAT), Department of Health, Government of Catalunya, 08916 Badalona, Spain; (J.R.-U.); (L.A.); (Y.D.); (S.M.-F.); (J.A.); (A.B.); (R.M.-I.); (J.C.)
- Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute (IGTP), 08916 Badalona, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), 08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sergio Moreno-Fornés
- Center for Epidemiological Studies of Sexually Transmitted Diseases and HIV/AIDS in Catalonia (CEEISCAT), Department of Health, Government of Catalunya, 08916 Badalona, Spain; (J.R.-U.); (L.A.); (Y.D.); (S.M.-F.); (J.A.); (A.B.); (R.M.-I.); (J.C.)
- Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute (IGTP), 08916 Badalona, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), 08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jordi Aceiton
- Center for Epidemiological Studies of Sexually Transmitted Diseases and HIV/AIDS in Catalonia (CEEISCAT), Department of Health, Government of Catalunya, 08916 Badalona, Spain; (J.R.-U.); (L.A.); (Y.D.); (S.M.-F.); (J.A.); (A.B.); (R.M.-I.); (J.C.)
- Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute (IGTP), 08916 Badalona, Spain
| | - Andreu Bruguera
- Center for Epidemiological Studies of Sexually Transmitted Diseases and HIV/AIDS in Catalonia (CEEISCAT), Department of Health, Government of Catalunya, 08916 Badalona, Spain; (J.R.-U.); (L.A.); (Y.D.); (S.M.-F.); (J.A.); (A.B.); (R.M.-I.); (J.C.)
- Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute (IGTP), 08916 Badalona, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), 08003 Barcelona, Spain
- Departament de Pediatria, d’Obstetrícia i Ginecologia i de Medicina Preventiva i de Salut Publica, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Raquel Martín-Iguacel
- Center for Epidemiological Studies of Sexually Transmitted Diseases and HIV/AIDS in Catalonia (CEEISCAT), Department of Health, Government of Catalunya, 08916 Badalona, Spain; (J.R.-U.); (L.A.); (Y.D.); (S.M.-F.); (J.A.); (A.B.); (R.M.-I.); (J.C.)
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Odense University Hospital, 5000 Odense, Denmark
| | - Arkaitz Imaz
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge-(IDIBELL), 08907 L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain;
| | | | - Ramón W. Román
- Agència de Qualitat i Avaluació Sanitàries de Catalunya, 08005 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Paula Suanzes
- Hospital Universitari Vall d’Hebron, Vall d’Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), 08035 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Juan Ambrosioni
- Hospital Clínic-Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), University of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (J.A.); (J.M.M.)
- CIBERINFEC, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Jordi Casabona
- Center for Epidemiological Studies of Sexually Transmitted Diseases and HIV/AIDS in Catalonia (CEEISCAT), Department of Health, Government of Catalunya, 08916 Badalona, Spain; (J.R.-U.); (L.A.); (Y.D.); (S.M.-F.); (J.A.); (A.B.); (R.M.-I.); (J.C.)
- Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute (IGTP), 08916 Badalona, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), 08003 Barcelona, Spain
- Departament de Pediatria, d’Obstetrícia i Ginecologia i de Medicina Preventiva i de Salut Publica, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Jose M. Miro
- Hospital Clínic-Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), University of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (J.A.); (J.M.M.)
- CIBERINFEC, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Josep M. Llibre
- Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, 08916 Badalona, Spain;
| | | |
Collapse
|
40
|
Curran G, Mosley C, Gamble A, Painter J, Ounpraseuth S, Brewer NT, Teeter B, Smith M, Halladay J, Hughes T, Shepherd JG, Hastings T, Simpson K, Carpenter D. Addressing COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in rural community pharmacies: a protocol for a stepped wedge randomized clinical trial. Implement Sci 2023; 18:72. [PMID: 38110979 PMCID: PMC10726603 DOI: 10.1186/s13012-023-01327-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Uptake of COVID-19 vaccines remains problematically low in the USA, especially in rural areas. COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy is associated with lower uptake, which translates to higher susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 variants in communities where vaccination coverage is low. Because community pharmacists are among the most accessible and trusted health professionals in rural areas, this randomized clinical trial will examine implementation strategies to support rural pharmacists in delivering an adapted evidence-based intervention to reduce COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy. METHODS We will use an incomplete stepped wedge trial design in which we will randomize 30 rural pharmacies (unit of analysis) to determine the effectiveness and incremental cost-effectiveness of a standard implementation approach (consisting of online training that describes the vaccine hesitancy intervention, live webinar, and resource website) compared to adding on a virtual facilitation approach (provided by a trained facilitator in support of the delivery of the vaccine hesitancy counseling intervention by pharmacists). The intervention (ASORT) has been adapted from an evidence-based vaccine communication intervention for HPV vaccines through a partnership with rural pharmacies in a practice-based research network in seven southern US states. ASORT teaches pharmacists how to identify persons eligible for COVID-19 vaccination (including a booster), solicit and address vaccine concerns in a non-confrontational way, recommend the vaccine, and repeat the steps later if needed. The primary trial outcome is fidelity to the ASORT intervention, which will be determined through ratings of recordings of pharmacists delivering the intervention. The secondary outcome is the effectiveness of the intervention, determined by rates of patients who agree to be vaccinated after receiving the intervention. Other secondary outcomes include feasibility, acceptability, adoption, reach, and cost. Cost-effectiveness and budget impact analyses will be conducted to maximize the potential for future dissemination and sustainability. Mixed methods will provide triangulation, expansion, and explanation of quantitative findings. DISCUSSION This trial contributes to a growing evidence base on vaccine hesitancy interventions and virtual-only facilitation of evidenced-based practices in community health settings. The trial will provide the first estimate of the relative value of different implementation strategies in pharmacy settings. TRIAL REGISTRATION NCT05926544 (clinicaltrials.gov); 07/03/2023.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Geoffrey Curran
- Center for Implementation Research, Department of Pharmacy Practice, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA.
| | - Cynthia Mosley
- Center for Implementation Research, Department of Pharmacy Practice, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Abigail Gamble
- Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Jacob Painter
- Pharmaceutical Evaluation and Policy, Department of Pharmacy Practice, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Songthip Ounpraseuth
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Noel T Brewer
- Department of Health Behavior, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Ben Teeter
- Center for Implementation Research, Department of Pharmacy Practice, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Megan Smith
- Center for Implementation Research, Department of Pharmacy Practice, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Jacquie Halladay
- Department of Family Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- The Cecil G. Sheps Center for Health Services Research, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Tamera Hughes
- Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - J Greene Shepherd
- Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Tessa Hastings
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Outcomes Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Kit Simpson
- Department of Health Care Leadership and Management, College of Health Professions, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
- Department of Public Health Science, College of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Delesha Carpenter
- Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Matsuyama A, Mori T, Ogami A, Mafune K, Tateishi S, Kuwamura M, Muramatsu K, Fujino Y, Mori K. Sociodemographic factors affecting not receiving COVID-19 vaccine in Japan among people who originally intended to vaccinate: a prospective cohort study. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1290187. [PMID: 38125849 PMCID: PMC10731251 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1290187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Vaccine hesitancy is a major issue for acquiring herd immunity. However, some individuals may go unvaccinated owing to inhibitory factors other than vaccine hesitancy. If there is even a small number of such people, support is needed for equitable vaccine distribution and acquiring herd immunity. We investigated sociodemographic factors that affected not undergoing COVID-19 vaccination in Japan among individuals who had strong intention to vaccinate before beginning the vaccination. Methods We conducted this prospective cohort study on workers aged 20-65 years from December 2020 (baseline), to December 2021 using a self-administered questionnaire survey. There were 27,036 participants at baseline and 18,560 at follow-up. We included 6,955 participants who answered yes to this question at baseline: "Would you like to receive a COVID-19 vaccine as soon as it becomes available?" We applied multilevel logistic regression analyses to examine the association between sociodemographic factors and being unvaccinated at follow-up. Results In all, 289 participants (4.2%) went unvaccinated. The odds ratios (ORs) for being unvaccinated were significantly higher for participants aged 30-39 and 40-49 than those aged 60-65 years. Being divorced, widowed, or single, having low income, and having COVID-19 infection experience also had higher ORs. Discussion We found that some participants who initially had strong intention to vaccinate may have gone unvaccinated owing to vaccine side effects and the financial impact of absenteeism due to side effects. It is necessary to provide information repeatedly about the need for vaccination as well as social support to ensure that those who intend to vaccinate are able to do so when aiming for acquiring herd immunity through vaccination against COVID-19 as well as other potential infection pandemics in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Akiko Matsuyama
- Department of Occupational Health Practice and Management, Institute of Industrial Ecological Sciences, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - Takahiro Mori
- Department of Occupational Health Practice and Management, Institute of Industrial Ecological Sciences, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - Akira Ogami
- Department of Work Systems and Health, Institute of Industrial Ecological Sciences, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - Kosuke Mafune
- Department of Mental Health, Institute of Industrial Ecological Sciences, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - Seiichiro Tateishi
- Disaster Occupational Health Center, Institute of Industrial Ecological Sciences, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - Mami Kuwamura
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - Keiji Muramatsu
- Department of Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - Yoshihisa Fujino
- Department of Environmental Epidemiology, Institute of Industrial Ecological Sciences, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - Koji Mori
- Department of Occupational Health Practice and Management, Institute of Industrial Ecological Sciences, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | | |
Collapse
|
42
|
Butt IN, van Eeden C, Kovacs Burns K, Saxinger L, Clifford A, Redmond D, Cohen Tervaert JW, Yacyshyn E. Understanding COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in vasculitis patients. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1301492. [PMID: 38111485 PMCID: PMC10726054 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1301492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective To identify the factors that impact COVID-19 vaccine decision-making in vaccine-hesitant vasculitis patients, and compare their perceptions with other rheumatology patients, given existence of data suggesting rheumatology patients may have disease-specific factors that influence their COVID-19 vaccine decision-making. Methods This cross-sectional study surveyed adult rheumatology patients from the Kaye Edmonton Clinic Rheumatology Clinic, in Canada, between June and August 2021, using an anonymous online questionnaire. Survey responses were analyzed for statistical differences using chi-square analysis. Results The COVID-19 Vaccine Perceptions Survey had a response rate of 70.9%. Of the total 231 respondents, 103 patients were diagnosed with vasculitis. At the time of the survey, 10.6% of vasculitis patients refused to receive a COVID-19 vaccine compared to 6.3% for other rheumatology patients. Compared to other rheumatology patients, vaccine-hesitant vasculitis patients were significantly more concerned about almost every aspect of available COVID-19 vaccines [e.g., safety (p < 0.001), components (p < 0.001)], and feared that they could contract SARS-CoV-2 from a vaccine (p < 0.001). These vaccine-hesitant patients were also significantly less pleased with the government's pandemic response, less confident in healthcare team-provided information (p < 0.001), and more likely to report that healthcare providers had no role in their COVID-19 vaccine decision-making (p < 0.001). Conclusion Vaccine-hesitant vasculitis patients may have multiple considerations influencing COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy, including vaccine and disease-specific concerns, along with unfavorable perceptions of the healthcare system (government and healthcare providers). Healthcare providers can address some of these concerns by initiating patient-centered discussions around immunizations to help support educated decision-making.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Elaine Yacyshyn
- Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Collier AF, Schaefer KR, Uddin A, Noonan C, Dillard DA, Son-Stone L, Manson SM, Buchwald D, MacLehose R. COVID-19 vaccination in urban American Indian and Alaska Native children: Parental characteristics, beliefs and attitudes associated with vaccine acceptance. Vaccine X 2023; 15:100406. [PMID: 38058791 PMCID: PMC10696120 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvacx.2023.100406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Little is known about vaccination rates for American Indian and Alaska Native (AI/AN) parents and their children, or parental decisions in this regard. Improving vaccination rates is a serious concern due to the disproportionate incidence and morbidity of COVID-19 in AI/AN people. Purpose Our goal was to describe urban AI/AN parental attributes associated with COVID-19 vaccination of their children. Methods Survey participants (n = 572) were ≥18 years of age, had children ≥5 years of age, AI/AN, and seen at one of six urban health organizations serving primarily AI/AN people within the prior year. They were asked about gender, age, education, marital status, perceived stress, trauma history, whether they had received the COVID-19 vaccine, tested positive for COVID-19 in the past, and if their child was vaccinated. They were also asked about 16 vaccine hesitancy reasons. Results Parental vaccination rate was 82%, with 59% of their children vaccinated. Parents who vaccinated their children were older, had higher education, lower stress and trauma, and were more likely to be vaccinated compared to parents who did not vaccinate their children. Forty-two percent of parents indicated they would likely vaccinate their unvaccinated child in the future. Sixteen vaccine hesitancy reasons revealed four factors: distrust, inconvenience, lack of concern about the pandemic, and AI/AN concerns. Parents who had no plans to vaccinate their children had the highest vaccine distrust and lack of concern about the pandemic. Parents with greater vaccine distrust and AI/AN specific concern reported significantly greater trauma history and higher levels of education. Conclusion Even though vaccination rates for AI/AN parents and children are high, the consequences of COVID-19 for AI/AN people are more severe than for other US populations. Providers should use trauma-informed, trust-building and culturally competent communication when discussing choices about vaccination with AI/AN parents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Azhar Uddin
- Institute for Research and Education to Advance Community Health, Elson S Floyd College of Medicine, Washington State University, United States
| | - Carolyn Noonan
- Institute for Research and Education to Advance Community Health, Elson S Floyd College of Medicine, Washington State University, United States
| | | | - Linda Son-Stone
- First Nations Community Healthsource, Albuquerque, NM, United States
| | - Spero M. Manson
- Centers for American Indian and Alaska Native Health, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, United States
| | - Dedra Buchwald
- Institute for Research and Education to Advance Community Health, Elson S Floyd College of Medicine, Washington State University, United States
| | - Richard MacLehose
- Department of Epidemiology and Community Health, University of Minnesota, School of Public Health, United States
| | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
Damianopoulos N, Leigh J, Pugliese M, Frayne J, Richards T. COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in rural and metropolitan Western Australia: A mid-rollout cross-sectional analysis of why it exists and potential solutions. Aust J Rural Health 2023; 31:1240-1251. [PMID: 37840420 DOI: 10.1111/ajr.13047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Vaccine hesitancy represents a state of uncertainty before a decision about vaccination is made. It can lead to limited vaccine uptake despite adequate supply and an efficacious product. Western Australia (WA) presents a unique challenge with a population widely spread across metropolitan and rural sites and diverse opinions regarding vaccination. OBJECTIVE To elicit and compare the common COVID-19 vaccine concerns in rural and metropolitan WA, and to identify proposed solutions to vaccine hesitancy. DESIGN A voluntary online survey was distributed via social media over a 2-week period in August 2021 during Phase 2A of the National COVID-19 Vaccine Rollout Strategy. General practitioners and members of the public living in rural and metropolitan WA over the age of 18 were surveyed regarding COVID-19 vaccine concerns (blood clots; long- and short-term side effects; lack of testing; and other concerns) and suggested methods to address vaccine hesitancy. Data were analysed with a sequential mixed methods and thematic analysis approach. FINDINGS There were 468 general population respondents to our survey, of whom 19.0% (n = 89) lived rurally. A majority (52.6% [n = 246]) of general respondents expressed concerns about COVID-19 vaccine safety. The commonest concerns were long- and short-term side effects, blood clots and inadequate testing. There was a positive correlation between rurality and vaccine concerns; an inverse relationship between rurality and vaccine uptake; and an inverse relationship between vaccine concerns and uptake. Improved media coverage was the commonest solution suggested to address COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy. DISCUSSION A significant proportion of respondents had concerns about vaccine safety; concerns were more common in rural respondents. Rural communities may benefit from location-targeted media campaigns with a focus on breaking down barriers specific to these members of the population. Vaccine access is more challenging, and consistent messaging from trusted sources is of utmost importance to improve uptake. CONCLUSION COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy is more common in rural populations. Targeted media-based education regarding vaccine safety may improve COVID-19 vaccine uptake.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas Damianopoulos
- STRIVE WA Collaborative, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - James Leigh
- STRIVE WA Collaborative, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Curtin University, Bentley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Matthew Pugliese
- STRIVE WA Collaborative, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Jacqueline Frayne
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Toby Richards
- STRIVE WA Collaborative, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Anderson A. "Messengers matter": Assessing the impact of racially concordant care on vaccine hesitation. Soc Sci Med 2023; 338:116335. [PMID: 37913746 DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2023.116335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Revised: 10/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
With the rise in COVID-related deaths among the unvaccinated, understanding coronavirus vaccine hesitancy is critical to maintaining public health. Previous research has shown that sociodemographic factors, such as race, are essential for understanding vaccine hesitancy; yet, the specific factors driving racial disparities in vaccination continue to be a matter of intense debate. This study uses a novel survey experiment to uncover the linkages between race, physician trust, and vaccine hesitancy. Using a standard prompt on the release of the COVID-19 vaccine, it tests whether patient-physician race concordance affects the likelihood of vaccine uptake among US citizens. Analyses reveal that racially concordant care has a negligible effect on vaccine hesitancy, but does ameliorate other harmful beliefs regarding one's likelihood of experiencing discrimination and racism in healthcare more generally. These findings suggest that increasing diversity in the medical field should be paired with efforts to address systemic inequalities to promote increased vaccination.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ashley Anderson
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 205 South Building, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Pandher R, Bilszta JLC. Novel COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy and acceptance, and associated factors, amongst medical students: a scoping review. MEDICAL EDUCATION ONLINE 2023; 28:2175620. [PMID: 36788502 PMCID: PMC9930839 DOI: 10.1080/10872981.2023.2175620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 01/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Medical students are likely to be exposed to COVID-19 patients so achieving high vaccination coverage rates for this group of healthcare workers is important, as is their potential as vaccination role models. The aim of this scoping review was to evaluate the current literature to determine the rates of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy and acceptance, and associated factors, amongst medical students. Systematic searches of the Medline Ovid, Embase, PubMed, and Education Resources Information Centre (ERIC) online databases was conducted for relevant articles with keywords: 'COVID-19', 'vaccine hesitancy & acceptance' and 'medical students'. Articles were included for review if they reported the rates of vaccine hesitancy and acceptance, and associated factors, amongst medical students. Of the 258 articles identified, 52 met the inclusion criteria and underwent full-text review. Rates of vaccine hesitancy ranged from 5.4-86.7%, with generally positive attitudes towards COVID-19 vaccination. The main factors associated with vaccine hesitancy were concerns about the safety and efficacy of vaccines due to their accelerated development, being a pre-clinical medical student, and low perceived personal risk of COVID-19 infection. Inconsistencies were found for the influence of gender on attitudes towards vaccinations. Previous vaccination behaviours were predictive of willingness to receive the COVID-19 vaccine. Knowledge about COVID-19 vaccinations and their importance was found to be deficient amongst vaccine hesitant medical students. Generally, medical students express low levels of vaccine hesitancy. However, due to the variability in the factors associated with vaccine hesitancy across different populations and the dynamic and contextual nature of hesitancy, it is recommended that vaccination intent and associated attitudes are monitored on a longitudinal basis. It is important to map vaccine hesitancy at a local level to allow medical schools to develop strategies to encourage vaccination specific to their school's needs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Robyn Pandher
- Department of Medical Education, Melbourne Medical School, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Justin L C Bilszta
- Department of Medical Education, Melbourne Medical School, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Roy DN, Tanvir MRS, Pallab MF, Ferdiousi N, Islam E, Azam MS. Potential determinants of childhood COVID-19 vaccine confidence among the primary school's stakeholders in Bangladesh: A cross-sectional study to assess the effects of education. JOURNAL OF EDUCATION AND HEALTH PROMOTION 2023; 12:420. [PMID: 38333173 PMCID: PMC10852184 DOI: 10.4103/jehp.jehp_1153_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rapid corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination drives aimed to immunize primary school-aged youth have a potential for health safety and supportive academic attainment. This study aimed to identify the potential factors influencing childhood COVID-19 vaccine confidence among the primary school's stakeholders in Bangladesh and assess the effects of health education on vaccine confidence and receptivity. MATERIALS AND METHODS This cross-sectional study used a bilingual, multi-item, closed-ended, anonymous questionnaire adopted from the extant literature studies on the topic. Data were collected purposively by the face-to-face interview approach. In total, 627 primary school's stakeholders participated in this study. The binary logistic regressions and Chi-square tests were employed to investigate and rationalize the study-outlined objectives where <0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS The pooled childhood vaccine confidence and receptivity against COVID-19 was 91% (95% CI 89-93) among the primary school's stakeholders. The regression analysis revealed that of eight potential determinants of vaccine confidence, "safety" and "effectiveness" had a highly significant (P = 0.006, P = 0.001, respectively) and positive association and "efficacy" had a significant (P = 0.03) and positive association, while "rumor" had a highly significant (P = 0.000) and negative association with childhood vaccine confidence. The analysis also showed that"health education" had a significant (P = 0.04) and positive association with childhood vaccine confidence and receptivity against COVID-19. Although the odds ratio for receiving childhood vaccine was found to be 0.6, the result was insignificant (P > 0.05) in the Chi-squared test. Hence, there was no vaccine-hesitant risky recipient group identified in implementing upcoming childhood COVID-19 vaccination programs. CONCLUSIONS This study confirms the importance of a positive perception of vaccine safety, efficacy, effectiveness, and health education for vaccine confidence under any circumstances. Childhood COVID-19 vaccine confidence is Improved if vaccination data become more available to the guardians and school community. Public health education would be considered a preferred approach for building trust and fostering childhood vaccine confidence against COVID-19 in Bangladesh.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Debendra Nath Roy
- Department of Pharmacy, Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore, Bangladesh
- Institute of Education and Research, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh
| | | | - Maruf Faisal Pallab
- Department of Pharmacy, Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore, Bangladesh
| | - Nowrin Ferdiousi
- Department of Pharmacy, Dhaka International University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Ekramul Islam
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Rajshahi, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Shah Azam
- Department of Marketing, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh
- Office of the Vice Chancellor, Rabindra University, Shahjadpur, Bangladesh
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Faraz A, Hina M, Atif A, Sumbul D, Mahmood SE, Riaz F, Khan MS, Ahmad A, Ahmad MT, Parvez A, Zeyaullah M. Knowledge, acceptance, motivators and barriers of booster dose of COVID-19 vaccination among dental patients: A cross-sectional study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2023; 102:e35747. [PMID: 37960831 PMCID: PMC10637537 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000035747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Given the lingering threat of COVID infection, questions are being raised if coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine needs annual or regular boosters to maintain high levels of immunity against both the original virus and variants. This study was designed to evaluate the knowledge, acceptance, motivators and barriers of the booster dose of COVID-19 vaccine among the dental patients of District Lucknow, India. A total of 297 respondents were selected by a convenience sampling method in this cross-sectional study from various dental clinics. An anonymous, self-administered, closed-ended questionnaire was used. Overall 37.7% respondents reported to have taken all 3 doses and 57.9% had taken single/double doses. Correct information about booster doses shows a significant association with the number of doses taken. The majority had information about the availability of the Pfizer booster vaccine (69.0%). About 58% of participants had information about the technology used in booster doses. The hesitancy for booster doses and the development of natural immunity by infection show significant associations with the number of doses taken. Only 18.2% patients had hesitation about the booster dose and most of them 78.8% recommended others to take the booster vaccine as soon as possible. The majority assumed that previous COVID-19 vaccines can help them get immune (21.5%) followed by not much research has been done on the booster vaccines (15.5%) and their chronic diseases warn them against the booster dose administration (12.5%). Nearly 18.2% of respondents had hesitation about booster dose and less than one third of the respondents trusted a government source for information about booster dose of COVID vaccine. Nearly 36 % did not know that the booster dose of COVID vaccine is available at health centers. Dental health professionals and policymakers should implement and support strategies to ensure people are vaccinated for COVID-19 booster doses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ali Faraz
- Department of Prosthodontics and Crown & Bridge, Career Post Graduate Institute of Dental Sciences and Hospital, Lucknow UP, India
| | - Malik Hina
- Department of Prosthodontics and Crown & Bridge, Career Post Graduate Institute of Dental Sciences and Hospital, Lucknow UP, India
| | - Ali Atif
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Saraswati Dental College, Lucknow, UP, India
| | - Dr Sumbul
- Department of Anatomy, King George Medical University, Lucknow, UP, India
| | - Syed E Mahmood
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fatima Riaz
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Suhail Khan
- Department of Public Health, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Khamis Mushait, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ausaf Ahmad
- Department of Community Medicine, Integral University, Lucknow, India
| | - Mohammad Tauheed Ahmad
- Department of Medical Education, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ashib Parvez
- Department of Community Medicine F.H. Medical College, Etmadpur, Agra, UP, India
| | - Md Zeyaullah
- Department of Basic Medical Science, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Khamis Mushayt Campus, King Khalid University (KKU), Abha, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Beser DM, Hendem DU, Oluklu D, Turgut E, Hancerliogullari N, Ayhan SG, Tekin OM, Sahin D. Factors Related to Low COVID-19 Vaccination Rate in Pregnant and Postpartum Women with and without COVID-19. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE GINECOLOGIA E OBSTETRÍCIA 2023; 45:e638-e645. [PMID: 38029765 PMCID: PMC10686763 DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-1772589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study focused on pregnant and postpartum women during the COVID-19 pandemic, aiming to determine the attitudes and behaviors of vaccinated and unvaccinated groups, and the vaccination behaviors in the groups with and without the disease. The reasons for refusing the vaccine were also questioned. METHODS This cross-sectional study was performed from September 2021 to October 2021. The study data were collected using a face-to-face questionnaire. The participants were pregnant women who applied to the hospital for routine antenatal care and were hospitalized, and women in the postpartum period. Additionally, pregnant and postpartum patients who were diagnosed with COVID-19 at the time of admission and were hospitalized and admitted to the intensive care unit due to this disease were also included in the study. RESULTS A total of 1,146 pregnant and postpartum women who completed the questionnaire were included in our study. Only 43 (3.8%) of the participants were vaccinated; 154 (13.4%) of the participants had comorbidities. The number of COVID-19-positive patients was 153. The lack of sufficient information about the safety of the COVID-19 vaccine is the most common reason for the refusal. CONCLUSION Vaccine refusal can significantly delay or hinder herd immunity, resulting in higher morbidity and mortality. Considering the adverse effects of COVID-19 on pregnancy, it is essential to understand pregnant and postpartum women's perceptions toward vaccination to end the pandemic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dilek Menekse Beser
- Division of Perinatology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Turkish Ministry of Health Ankara City Hospital, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Derya Uyan Hendem
- Division of Perinatology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Turkish Ministry of Health Ankara City Hospital, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Deniz Oluklu
- Division of Perinatology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Turkish Ministry of Health Ankara City Hospital, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Ezgi Turgut
- Division of Perinatology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Turkish Ministry of Health Ankara City Hospital, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Necati Hancerliogullari
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Health Sciences, Turkish Ministry of Health Ankara City Hospital, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Sule Goncu Ayhan
- Division of Perinatology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Turkish Ministry of Health Ankara City Hospital, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Ozlem Moraloglu Tekin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Health Sciences, Turkish Ministry of Health Ankara City Hospital, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Dilek Sahin
- Division of Perinatology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Health Sciences, Turkish Ministry of Health Ankara City Hospital, Ankara, Turkey.
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Aggarwal J, Nguyen KT, Campbell ML, Shiau S, Shendell DG. Factors Associated with COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy and Case Status among New Jersey Secondary Educational Professionals. Vaccines (Basel) 2023; 11:1667. [PMID: 38005999 PMCID: PMC10674534 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines11111667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vaccine hesitancy remains a societal problem, including during the COVID-19 pandemic. New Jersey (NJ) Safe Schools Program provides work-based learning training to supervisory-level career-technical-vocational education teachers and administrators who have to consider varied state and local mandates concerning COVID-19 vaccination and exemptions. METHODS In early 2022, we distributed an online survey via PsychData to individuals trained between 2014 and 2022 to understand NJ teachers' practices and concerns regarding COVID-19 vaccines. Overall, 269 completed the survey. We stratified data by vaccination status, number of doses, booster status, age, teaching experience, gender, race, county of work, and COVID-19 diagnosis status. RESULTS Overall, results suggested differences in COVID-19-related concerns, including access to, perceptions of, and confidence in COVID-19 vaccines and COVID-19-related practices. About 90.7% received the initial vaccine; 77.7% received the booster. About half the participants had received a positive COVID-19 diagnosis by the time of the survey; they were less likely to get the vaccine or booster if they had received the initial vaccine. CONCLUSIONS Data suggested differences in levels of COVID-19-related concerns and confidence in, or importance of, vaccines when comparing different demographic factors and vaccination practices. The data informs efforts to understand factors affecting vaccine hesitancy among educational professionals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juhi Aggarwal
- NJ Safe Schools Program, Rutgers School of Public Health (SPH), Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA (M.L.C.); (D.G.S.)
| | - Kimberly T. Nguyen
- NJ Safe Schools Program, Rutgers School of Public Health (SPH), Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA (M.L.C.); (D.G.S.)
| | - Maryanne L. Campbell
- NJ Safe Schools Program, Rutgers School of Public Health (SPH), Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA (M.L.C.); (D.G.S.)
| | - Stephanie Shiau
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Rutgers School of Public Health (SPH), Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA;
| | - Derek G. Shendell
- NJ Safe Schools Program, Rutgers School of Public Health (SPH), Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA (M.L.C.); (D.G.S.)
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health and Justice, Rutgers School of Public Health (SPH), Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| |
Collapse
|