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Sallam M, Kareem N, Alkurtas M. The negative impact of misinformation and vaccine conspiracy on COVID-19 vaccine uptake and attitudes among the general public in Iraq. Prev Med Rep 2024; 43:102791. [PMID: 38947232 PMCID: PMC11214192 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2024.102791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Revised: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 07/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Vaccine hesitancy is a major barrier to infectious disease control. Previous studies showed high rates of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in the Middle East. The current study aimed to investigate the attitudes towards COVID-19 vaccination and COVID-19 vaccine uptake among adult population in Iraq. Methods This self-administered survey-based study was conducted in August-September 2022. The survey instrument assessed participants' demographics, attitudes to COVID-19 vaccination, beliefs in COVID-19 misinformation, vaccine conspiracy beliefs, and sources of information regarding the vaccine. Results The study sample comprised a total of 2544 individuals, with the majority reporting the uptake of at least one dose of COVID-19 vaccination (n = 2226, 87.5 %). Positive attitudes towards COVID-19 vaccination were expressed by the majority of participants (n = 1966, 77.3 %), while neutral and negative attitudes were expressed by 345 (13.6 %) and 233 (9.2 %) participants, respectively. Factors associated with positive attitudes towards COVID-19 vaccination in multivariate analysis included disbelief in COVID-19 misinformation and disagreement with vaccine conspiracies. Higher COVID-19 vaccine uptake was significantly associated with previous history of COVID-19 infection, higher income, residence outside the Capital, disbelief in COVID-19 misinformation, disagreement with vaccine conspiracies, and reliance on reputable information sources. Conclusion COVID-19 vaccine coverage was high among the participants, with a majority having positive attitudes towards COVID-19 vaccination. Disbelief in COVID-19 misinformation and disagreement with vaccine conspiracies were correlated with positive vaccine attitudes and higher vaccine uptake. These insights can inform targeted interventions to enhance vaccination campaigns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malik Sallam
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Forensic Medicine, School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
- Department of Clinical Laboratories and Forensic Medicine, Jordan University Hospital, Amman, Jordan
| | - Nariman Kareem
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Forensic Medicine, School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Mohammed Alkurtas
- Department of Pathology, Al-Kindy College of Medicine, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq
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2
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Safrai M, Kremer E, Atias E, Ben-Meir A. BNT162b2 COVID-19 vaccine does not affect fertility as explored in a pilot study of women undergoing IVF treatment. Minerva Obstet Gynecol 2024; 76:215-221. [PMID: 36193832 DOI: 10.23736/s2724-606x.22.05148-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The COVID-19 pandemic spreads worldwide, causing devastating consequences. BioNTech (BioNTech SE, Mainz, Germany) and Pfizer's (Pfizer Inc., Brooklyn, NY, USA) BNT162b2 vaccine was one of the first vaccines to receive emergency-use authorization. However, its impact on women's fertility has not been primarily assessed leading to spread of unfounded rumors, causing vaccine hesitancy. We investigate the possible impact of BNT162b2 COVID-19 vaccine on in-vitro fertilization (IVF) outcomes. METHODS We compared data from 42 women undergoing their first IVF following 2 doses of BNT162b2 vaccination to 42 unvaccinated women undergoing their first IVF. The first outcome consisted of the pregnancy based on first hCG value; secondary outcomes were IVF cycle outcomes. A second analysis was done on 29 paired patients from both groups based on age, FSH, and the indication for IVF. RESULTS We report different levels of the pregnancy formation; oocyte's development: numbers of oocytes retrieved (9.3±6.8 vs. 11.5±7.9, P=0.19) and matured (6.9±4.8 vs. 9.1±6.6, P=0.14), and embryonal stage: fertilization rates (64.1±26.6 vs. 66.3±23.3, P=0.14), the quantity (4.3±3.2 vs. 5.7±4.4, P=0.23) and qualities of embryos (good/fair/poor) at day 3 were comparable. The analysis showed no significant difference between the groups, and the odds for pregnancy were similar (OR=0.9, 95% CL [0.3-2.8] P value 0.833). CONCLUSIONS From our results, this vaccine does not affect IVF performance and outcomes from the early stage of oocyte development through to the early beginning of pregnancy; therefore, it seems that the BNT162b2 vaccine does not compromise women's fertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myriam Safrai
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel -
| | - Einav Kremer
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Eyal Atias
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Assaf Ben-Meir
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
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Nyeko Oloya J, Onira Alema N, Okot C, Olal E, Nzirakaindi Ikoona E, Wathum Drinkwater Oyat F, Steven B, Omoya Ochula D, Odong Olwedo P, Pebalo Pebolo F, Okot Atim P, Smart Okot G, Nantale R, Aloyo J, Lagoro Kitara D. Trusted sources of information on COVID-19 vaccine in Uganda. BMC Med Inform Decis Mak 2024; 24:132. [PMID: 38783293 PMCID: PMC11112838 DOI: 10.1186/s12911-024-02536-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The COVID-19 pandemic has dramatically impacted communities worldwide, particularly in developing countries. To successfully control the pandemic, correct information and more than 80% vaccine coverage in a population were required. However, misinformation and disinformation could impact this, thus increasing COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in communities. Several studies observed the effect of misinformation and disinformation on COVID-19 vaccine acceptance and other responses to the pandemic in the African continent. Thus, the most trusted sources of information on COVID-19 vaccines are critical for the successful management and control of the pandemic. This study aimed to assess the most trusted sources of information on COVID-19 vaccines during the pandemic in Uganda. METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional study on 587 adult population members in northern Uganda. Single-stage stratified and systematic sampling methods were used to select participants from northern Uganda. An interviewer-administered questionnaire with an internal validity of Cronbach's α = 0.72 was used for data collection. An Institution Review Board (IRB) approved this study and Stata version 18 was used for data analysis. A Pearson Chi-square (χ2) analysis was conducted to assess associations between trusted sources of COVID-19 vaccine information and selected independent variables. Fisher's exact test considered associations when the cell value following cross-tabulation was < 5. A P-value < 0.05 was used as evidence for an association between trusted sources of information and independent variables. All results were presented as frequencies, proportions, Chi-square or Fisher's exact tests, and P-values at 95% Confidence Intervals (CI). RESULTS In a study of 587 participants, most were males, 335(57.1%), in the age group of 25-34 years, 180(31.4%), and the most trusted source of COVID-19 vaccine information were the traditional media sources for example, Televisions, Radios, and Newspapers, 349(33.6%). There was no significant association between sex and trusted sources of COVID-19 vaccine information. However, by age-group population, COVID-19 vaccine information was significantly associated with internet use (14.7% versus 85.3%; p = 0.02), information from family members (9.4% versus 90.6%; p < 0.01), and the Government/Ministry of Health (37.9% versus 62.1%; p < 0.01). Between healthcare workers and non-health workers, it was significantly associated with internet use (32.2% versus 67.8%; p = 0.03), healthcare providers (32.5% versus 67.5%; p < 0.018), the Government/Ministry of Health (31.1% versus 68.9%; p < 0.01), and scientific articles (44.7% versus 55.3%; p < 0.01). CONCLUSION The most trusted sources of COVID-19 vaccine information in northern Uganda were Televisions, Radios, and Newspapers. The trusted sources of COVID-19 vaccine information were not significantly different between males and females. However, there were significant differences among age groups and occupations of participants with younger age groups (≤ 44 years) and non-healthcare workers having more trust in Televisions, Radios, and Newspapers. Thus, for effective management of an epidemic, there is a need for accurate communication so that misinformation, disinformation, and malinformation in the era of "infodemic" do not disrupt the flow of correct information to communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johnson Nyeko Oloya
- Uganda Medical Association (UMA), UMA-Acholi branch, Gulu City, Uganda
- Moroto Regional Referral Hospital, Moroto district, Mbale City, Uganda
| | - Nelson Onira Alema
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Anatomy, Gulu University, Gulu City, Uganda
| | - Christopher Okot
- Uganda Medical Association (UMA), UMA-Acholi branch, Gulu City, Uganda
- Gulu Regional Referral Hospital, Gulu City, Uganda
| | - Emmanuel Olal
- Uganda Medical Association (UMA), UMA-Acholi branch, Gulu City, Uganda
- Yotkom Medical Centre, Kitgum, Gulu City, Uganda
| | | | | | - Baguma Steven
- Uganda Medical Association (UMA), UMA-Acholi branch, Gulu City, Uganda
- Gulu Regional Referral Hospital, Gulu City, Uganda
| | - Denish Omoya Ochula
- Uganda Medical Association (UMA), UMA-Acholi branch, Gulu City, Uganda
- District Health Office, Lamwo local government, Lamwo district, Gulu City, Uganda
| | - Patrick Odong Olwedo
- Uganda Medical Association (UMA), UMA-Acholi branch, Gulu City, Uganda
- District Health Office, Amuru local government, Amuru district, Gulu City, Uganda
| | - Francis Pebalo Pebolo
- Uganda Medical Association (UMA), UMA-Acholi branch, Gulu City, Uganda
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Reproductive Health, Gulu University, Gulu City, Uganda
| | - Pamela Okot Atim
- Uganda Medical Association (UMA), UMA-Acholi branch, Gulu City, Uganda
- St. Joseph's Hospital, Kitgum district, Gulu City, Uganda
| | - Godfrey Smart Okot
- Uganda Medical Association (UMA), UMA-Acholi branch, Gulu City, Uganda
- Dr. Ambrosoli Memorial HospitalKalongo, Agago district, Gulu City, Uganda
| | - Ritah Nantale
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Public Health, Busitema University, Mbale City, Uganda
| | - Judith Aloyo
- Uganda Medical Association (UMA), UMA-Acholi branch, Gulu City, Uganda
- Rhites-N, Acholi, Gulu City, Uganda
| | - David Lagoro Kitara
- Uganda Medical Association (UMA), UMA-Acholi branch, Gulu City, Uganda.
- Gulu Centre for Advanced Medical Diagnostics, Research, Trainings, and Innovations (GRUDI BIONTECH INITIATIVE), Gulu City, Uganda.
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgery, Gulu University, Gulu City, Uganda.
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Garnier S, Then C, de St Aubin M, Cadavid Restrepo A, Mayfield HJ, Dumas D, Duke W, Peña F, Kucharski AJ, Skewes R, Zielinski Gutiérrez E, Coyoli J, Etienne MC, Lau CL, Vázquez M, Nilles E. Trust and COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in the Dominican Republic: a national cross-sectional household survey, June-October 2021. BMJ Open 2024; 14:e081523. [PMID: 38803259 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-081523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study investigates the role of trust in shaping COVID-19 vaccine acceptance in the Dominican Republic (DR) during the COVID-19 pandemic. DESIGN Cross-sectional household survey. SETTING Randomly selected households across 134 clusters in the DR, from 30 June 2021 to 12 October 2021. PARTICIPANTS 5999 participants ≥16 years of age were enrolled. OUTCOME MEASURES COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy (CVH) data were collected from participants ≥16 years of age and analysed as both an ordinal and binary variable. RESULTS Overall, CVH was low (5.2% (95% CI 4.6% to 5.8%)), but more common among younger individuals, women and individuals of Mestizo ethnicity. Higher trust in local government, national government, scientists and local doctors (considered official sources) was associated with lower odds of CVH (OR 0.89 (95% CI 0.72 to 0.88), 0.89 (95% CI 0.81 to 0.98), 0.87 (95% CI 0.80 to 0.94) and 0.70 (95% CI 0.62 to 0.80), respectively). Higher trust in religious leaders, social media and traditional media (considered unofficial sources) was associated with higher odds of CVH, with respective ORs of 1.32 (95% CI 1.18 to 1.47), 1.30 (95% CI 1.19 to 1.41) and 1.08 (95% CI 0.97 to 1.22). CONCLUSION We report findings on CVH from a national household survey in the DR and identify overall low rates of CVH but marked heterogeneity by age, gender and ethnicity. Trust in unofficial versus official sources of information is associated with increased CVH. These findings highlight and quantify the importance of trust as a key parameter when considering public health communication strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salomé Garnier
- EHESP French School of Public Health, Paris, France
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Harvard Humanitarian Initiative, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Cecilia Then
- Dirección General de Epidemiología, Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic
| | - Michael de St Aubin
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Harvard Humanitarian Initiative, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | - Helen J Mayfield
- School of Public Health, The University of Queensland, Saint Lucia, Queensland, Australia
| | - Devan Dumas
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Harvard Humanitarian Initiative, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - William Duke
- Universidad Nacional Pedro Henríquez Ureña, Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic
| | - Farah Peña
- Dirección General de Epidemiología, Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic
| | | | - Ronald Skewes
- Dirección General de Epidemiología, Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic
| | - Emily Zielinski Gutiérrez
- Central America Regional Office, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Guatemala City, Guatemala
| | - Julia Coyoli
- Department of Government, Harvard University Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Marie Caroline Etienne
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Colleen L Lau
- School of Public Health, The University of Queensland, Saint Lucia, Queensland, Australia
| | | | - Eric Nilles
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Harvard Humanitarian Initiative, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
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5
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Maraqa B, Nazzal Z, Baroud H, Douden M, El Hamshary Y, Jalamneh T. Healthcare workers' attitudes toward and factors influencing their acceptance of an annual COVID-19 booster vaccine: a cross-sectional study in Palestine. BMC Health Serv Res 2024; 24:624. [PMID: 38745215 PMCID: PMC11092075 DOI: 10.1186/s12913-024-11016-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The emergence of several SARS-CoV-2 variants may necessitate an annual COVID-19 booster vaccine. This study aimed to evaluate healthcare workers' (HCWs) acceptance of a COVID-19 yearly booster vaccine if recommended and its association with their attitudes and burnout levels. METHODS We used an online self-administered questionnaire to conduct a cross-sectional study of all HCWs in the West Bank and Gaza Strip of Palestine between August and September 2022. We used the Vaccination Attitudes Examination scale to assess HCWs' vaccination attitudes and the Maslach Burnout Inventory to assess work-related Burnout. In addition, we conducted logistic regression to identify factors independently associated with the acceptance of the booster vaccine. RESULTS The study included 919 HCWs; 52.4% were male, 46.5% were physicians, 30.0% were nurses, and 63.1% worked in hospitals. One-third of HCWs (95% CI: 30.5%-36.7%) said they would accept an annual COVID-19 booster vaccine if recommended. HCWs who are suspicious of vaccine benefits [aOR = .70; 95%CI: .65-.75] and those concerned about unforeseeable future effects [aOR = .90; 95%CI: .84-.95] are less likely to accept the booster vaccine if recommended, whereas those who receive annual influenza vaccine are more likely to get it [aOR = 2.9; 95%CI: 1.7-5.0]. CONCLUSION Only about a third of HCWs would agree to receive an annual COVID-19 booster vaccine if recommended. Mistrust of the vaccine's efficacy and concerns about side effects continue to drive COVID-19 vaccine reluctance. Health officials need to address HCWs' concerns to increase their acceptance of the annual vaccine if it is to be recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beesan Maraqa
- Ministry of Health, Ramallah, Palestine
- Community and Family medicine department, College of Medicine, Hebron University, Hebron, Palestine
| | - Zaher Nazzal
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine.
| | - Hassan Baroud
- Department of Family Medicine, Palestinian Medical Council, Gaza, Palestine
| | - Mahmoud Douden
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine
| | - Yousef El Hamshary
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine.
- Department of Internal Medicine, An-Najah National University Hospital, Nablus, Palestine.
| | - Tala Jalamneh
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine
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6
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Sanvee-Blebo LM, Adewuyi PA, Whesseh FK, Babalola OJ, Wilson-Sesay HW, Akpan GE, Umeokonkwo CD, Clement P, Amo-Addae M. COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy among adults in Liberia, April-May 2021. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0297089. [PMID: 38630778 PMCID: PMC11023583 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0297089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vaccination is one of the most cost-effective public health interventions used to prevent diseases in susceptible populations. Despite the established efficacy of vaccines, there are many reasons people are hesitant about vaccination, and these reasons could be complex. This rapid survey estimated the prevalence of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy and potentially contributing factors in Montserrado and Nimba counties in Liberia. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted among adults living in Liberia. The relationship between vaccine non-acceptance and sociodemographic characteristics was examined using chi-square statistics. The variables with a p-value less than 0.2 at the bivariate analysis were modelled in a binary logistic regression at a 5% level of significance. The adjusted odds ratio and 95% confidence interval are reported. RESULTS There were 877 participants in the study. Majority were 25-34 years of age (30.4%, 272/877), females (54.05%, 474/877), and Christians (85.2%, 747/877). Most of the participants were aware of the COVID-19 vaccine (75%, 656/877), single (41.4%, 363/877), self-employed (37.51%, 329/877), and live-in rural communities (56.1%, 492/877). Vaccine hesitancy was (29.1%, 255/877; 95% CI:26.2-32.2). Vaccine hesitancy was greater among adults living in urban areas (41%) compared to persons living in rural communities (59%) (aOR; 1.5, 95% CI: 1.1-2.1) and respondents aged 45-54 years (aOR:0.5; 95% CI: 0.2-0.9; p = 0.043) were 50% less likely to be hesitant to COVID-19 vaccination compared to those more than 55 years. The most common source of information was the media (53%, 492/877) and the main reason for being hesitant was a need for more information about the vaccine and its safety (84%, 215/255). CONCLUSIONS The majority of study participants were aware of the COVID-19 vaccines and their most common source of information was the media (television, radio). Vaccine hesitancy was moderate. This could pose a challenge to efforts to control the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic. Therefore, the health authorities should provide more health education on the importance of vaccines and their safety to the populace.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Godwin E. Akpan
- Liberia Field Epidemiology Training Program, Monrovia, Liberia
| | | | | | - Maame Amo-Addae
- Liberia Field Epidemiology Training Program, Monrovia, Liberia
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Abu-Farha RK, Khabour OF, Gharaibeh L, Elrahal YM, Alzoubi KH, Nassar R, Harahsheh MM, Binsaleh AY, Shilbayeh SA. Navigating parental attitudes on childhood vaccination in Jordan: a cross-sectional study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH RESEARCH 2024:1-13. [PMID: 38620051 DOI: 10.1080/09603123.2024.2342018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 04/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
This study investigated parental attitudes toward childhood vaccination in Jordan, focusing on acceptance, concerns, and perceptions. A cross-sectional survey conducted from January to February 2024 included 939 parents. Findings indicated that 85.4% (n = 802) of respondents received the COVID-19 vaccine, while only 25% (n = 229) vaccinated their children. Concerns regarding vaccine safety and efficacy were prevalent, with 63.9% (n = 600) expressing worries about side effects and 46.9% (n = 440) trusting immunization programs. Post-pandemic, 34% (n = 319) reported a more negative attitude. Logistic regression showed parents not vaccinating their children against COVID-19 were significantly less likely to exhibit positive attitudes toward childhood vaccination (OR = 0.412, p < 0.001). Older participants were more inclined toward negativity post-pandemic (OR = 1.031, p = 0.007). In conclusion, parental attitudes shifted post-COVID-19, reflecting hesitancy and decreased trust. Addressing concerns and restoring confidence are crucial, especially for children's health. Education through healthcare providers and dispelling social media misinformation are essential. Implementing strategies to enhance post-pandemic vaccine acceptance is imperative for preventing outbreaks of vaccine-preventable diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rana K Abu-Farha
- Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Applied Science Private University, Amman, Jordan
| | - Omar F Khabour
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Lobna Gharaibeh
- Biopharmaceutics and Clinical Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Ahliyya Amman University, Amman, Jordan
| | - Yusra M Elrahal
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Karem H Alzoubi
- Department of Pharmacy Practice and Pharmacotherapeutics, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, UAE
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Razan Nassar
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Applied Science Private University, Amman, Jordan
| | - Meaad M Harahsheh
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Ammena Y Binsaleh
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sireen A Shilbayeh
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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8
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Camacho-Neciosup R, Balcazar-Huaman EN, Alvarez-Vilchez ML, De la Cruz-Galán JP, Gálvez-Guadalupe Y, Garcia-Muñoz ED, Cerron-Daga G, Failoc-Rojas VE, Valladares-Garrido MJ. Factors associated with intention to be vaccinated with the COVID-19 booster dose: a cross-sectional study in Peru. PeerJ 2024; 12:e16727. [PMID: 38563006 PMCID: PMC10984177 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.16727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction The pandemic of COVID-19 continues to impact people worldwide, with more than 755 million confirmed cases and more than 6.8 million reported deaths. Although two types of treatment, antiviral and immunomodulatory therapy, have been approved to date, vaccination has been the best method to control the spread of the disease. Objective To explore factors associated with the intention to be vaccinated with the COVID-19 booster dose in Peru. Material and Methods Cross-sectional study, using virtual and physical surveys of adults with two or more doses of COVID-19 vaccine, where the dependent variable was the intention to be vaccinated (IBV) with the booster dose. We calculated prevalence ratios with 95% confidence intervals, using generalized linear models of the Poisson family with robust varying, determining associations between sociodemographic, clinical, and booster dose perception variables. Results Data from 924 adults were analyzed. The IBV of the booster doses was 88.1%. A higher prevalence was associated with being male (aPR = 1.05; 95% CI [1.01-1.10]), having a good perception of efficacy and protective effect (PR = 3.69; 95% CI [2.57-5.30]) and belonging to the health sector (PR = 1.10; 95% CI [1.04-1.16]). There was greater acceptance of the recommendation of physicians and other health professionals (aPR = 1.40; 95% CI [1.27-1.55]). Conclusions Factors associated with higher IBV with booster dose include male gender, health sciences, physician recommendation, and good perception of efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo Camacho-Neciosup
- Sociedad Científica de Estudiantes de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Pedro Ruiz Gallo, Lambayeque, Peru
- Facultad de Medicina Humana, Universidad Nacional Pedro Ruiz Gallo, Lambayeque, Peru
| | - Ericka N. Balcazar-Huaman
- Sociedad Científica de Estudiantes de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Pedro Ruiz Gallo, Lambayeque, Peru
- Facultad de Medicina Humana, Universidad Nacional Pedro Ruiz Gallo, Lambayeque, Peru
| | - Margarita L. Alvarez-Vilchez
- Sociedad Científica de Estudiantes de Medicina, Universidad Peruana Los Andes, Huancayo, Peru
- Facultad Medicina Humana, Universidad Peruana Los Andes, Huancayo, Peru
| | - Janith P. De la Cruz-Galán
- Sociedad Científica de Estudiantes de Medicina Veritas, Universidad de San Martín de Porres, Lambayeque, Peru
- Facultad de Medicina Humana, Universidad de San Martín de Porres, Chiclayo, Peru
| | - Yubely Gálvez-Guadalupe
- Sociedad Científica de Estudiantes de Medicina, Universidad Privada Antenor Orrego, Trujillo, Peru
- Universidad Privada Antenor Orrego, Trujillo, Peru
| | - Edwin D. Garcia-Muñoz
- Escuela de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Toribio Rodríguez de Mendoza de Amazonas, Chachapoyas, Peru
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9
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Lwin MO, Sheldenkar A, Tng PL. You must be myths-taken: Examining belief in falsehoods during the COVID-19 health crisis. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0294471. [PMID: 38442102 PMCID: PMC10914263 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0294471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of health myths is increasing with the rise of Internet use. Left unaddressed, online falsehoods can lead to harmful behaviours. In times of crisis, such as the recent COVID-19 pandemic, the circulation of many myths is exacerbated, often to varying degrees among different cultures. Singapore is a multicultural hub in Asia with Western and Asian influences. Although several studies have examined health myths from a Western or Eastern perspective, little research has investigated online health falsehoods in a population that is culturally exposed to both. Furthermore, most studies examined myths cross-sectionally instead of capturing trends in myth prevalence over time, particularly during crisis situations. Given these literature gaps, we investigated popular myths surrounding the recent COVID-19 pandemic within the multicultural setting of Singapore, by examining its general population. We further examined changes in myth beliefs over the two-year period during the pandemic, and population demographic differences in myth beliefs. Using randomised sampling, two online surveys of nationally representative samples of adults (aged 21-70 years) residing in Singapore were conducted, the first between October 2020 and February 2021 (N = 949), and the second between March and April 2022 (N = 1084). Results showed that 12.7% to 57.5% of the population were unable to identify various myths, such as COVID-19 was manmade, and that three of these myths persisted significantly over time (increases ranging from 3.9% to 9.8%). However, belief in myths varied across population demographics, with ethnic minorities (Indians and Malays), females, young adults and those with lower education levels being more susceptible to myths than their counterparts (p < 0.05). Our findings suggest that current debunking efforts are insufficient to effectively counter misinformation beliefs during health crises. Instead, a post-COVID-19 landscape will require targeted approaches aimed at vulnerable population sub-groups, that also focus on the erroneous beliefs with long staying power.
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Affiliation(s)
- May Oo Lwin
- Wee Kim Wee School of Communication and Information, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Anita Sheldenkar
- Wee Kim Wee School of Communication and Information, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Pei Ling Tng
- Wee Kim Wee School of Communication and Information, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
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10
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Hosseinian K, Davis S, Agustines D, Woo B. Letter to the Editor: Perspectives and experiences of COVID-19 vaccination in people with autoimmune and inflammatory rheumatic disease. PATIENT EDUCATION AND COUNSELING 2024; 120:108122. [PMID: 38159508 DOI: 10.1016/j.pec.2023.108122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
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11
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Bok S, Shum J, Lee M. Path analysis of perceived disease vulnerability, COVID-19 fear, and lower vaccine hesitancy within the context of protection motivation theory. Heliyon 2024; 10:e25889. [PMID: 38390175 PMCID: PMC10881856 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e25889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
COVID-19 vaccinations have demonstrated effectiveness in reducing severe infections. However, vaccine hesitancy posed a major public health hurdle to combat the COVID-19 pandemic. Online spread of vaccine conspiracy beliefs generated unwarranted mistrust and resistance to vaccines. While numerous studies have explored the factors influencing vaccine hesitancy, there remains a lack of comprehensive understanding regarding the interplay between perceived disease vulnerability, COVID-19 fear, and vaccine hesitancy. Protection motivation theory posits citizens will evaluate perceived threats and take actions to mitigate potential harm. With a large U.S. sample, path analysis demonstrated individuals' perceived disease vulnerability was associated with lower vaccine hesitancy. Greater perceived disease vulnerability was associated with higher COVID-19 fear. Greater COVID-19 fear was associated with lower vaccine hesitancy. Greater vaccine conspiracy beliefs associated with higher vaccine hesitancy. However, in the presence of perceived vulnerability to disease, vaccine conspiracy beliefs associated with higher fear of COVID-19 and thereby lower vaccine hesitancy. We found under circumstances of higher perceived vulnerability to disease and fear of COVID-19, vaccine conspiratorial believers were less vaccine hesitant. We discuss how public health messaging can highlight personal risks to contracting COVID-19 to appeal to those who self-identify as disease prone, but may have reservations about vaccines because of misinformation. Successfully combating diseases entails reaching and gaining cooperation from misbelievers because misinformation is expected to continue in the digital age. By understand individual differences to vaccine hesitancy, it can help increase vaccinations and prevent severe illnesses in the post COVID-19 pandemic era.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen Bok
- Department of Marketing, College of Business and Economics, California State University, East Bay, United States
| | - James Shum
- School of Accounting, Golden Gate University, San Francisco, United States
| | - Maria Lee
- Department of Urban Planning and Public Policy, University of California, Irvine, United States
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12
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Ghanbari V, Rostamnia L, Amanat N. Marital conflict of a nurse family following COVID-19 vaccinations: A case studying. JOURNAL OF EDUCATION AND HEALTH PROMOTION 2024; 13:74. [PMID: 38559488 PMCID: PMC10979784 DOI: 10.4103/jehp.jehp_323_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Vaccination is one of the best strategies to control a pandemic. Although there is much research evidence of its effectiveness, a small percentage of people would not incubate the vaccine. After starting vaccination of healthcare workers as the first group in Iran, there were many debates and concerns regarding the effectiveness of the COVID-19 vaccine and its long-term side effects among them. In this investigation, the impact of these disagreements on the relationship of a nurse couple has been presented. The wife believed that people should incubate the COVID-19 vaccine as soon as possible and the man was anti-vaxxer and he believed that COVID-19 vaccines are not safe and it should be refused. After that, the wife got the COVID-19 vaccine, and their difference in views led to marital conflicts and disturbance in the function of the family. This case study was approved by the Research Council and Ethics Committee of Semnan University of Medical Science. Vaccine refusing could have complicated effects on a community and family. There should be a plan to assess families' function and apply it in the case of disturbance in families' function. Moreover, several strategies should be implemented to persuade anti-vaxxers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vahid Ghanbari
- Department of Emergency Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Leili Rostamnia
- Department of Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Nasir Amanat
- Department of Emergency Nursing, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
- Nursing Care Research Center, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
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13
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Paoletti G, Dall'Amico L, Kalimeri K, Lenti J, Mejova Y, Paolotti D, Starnini M, Tizzani M. Political context of the European vaccine debate on Twitter. Sci Rep 2024; 14:4397. [PMID: 38388713 PMCID: PMC10883931 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-54863-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
At the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, fears grew that making vaccination a political (instead of public health) issue may impact the efficacy of this life-saving intervention, spurring the spread of vaccine-hesitant content. In this study, we examine whether there is a relationship between the political interest of social media users and their exposure to vaccine-hesitant content on Twitter. We focus on 17 European countries using a multilingual, longitudinal dataset of tweets spanning the period before COVID, up to the vaccine roll-out. We find that, in most countries, users' endorsement of vaccine-hesitant content is the highest in the early months of the pandemic, around the time of greatest scientific uncertainty. Further, users who follow politicians from right-wing parties, and those associated with authoritarian or anti-EU stances are more likely to endorse vaccine-hesitant content, whereas those following left-wing politicians, more pro-EU or liberal parties, are less likely. Somewhat surprisingly, politicians did not play an outsized role in the vaccine debates of their countries, receiving a similar number of retweets as other similarly popular users. This systematic, multi-country, longitudinal investigation of the connection of politics with vaccine hesitancy has important implications for public health policy and communication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giordano Paoletti
- ISI Foundation, Turin, Italy
- Department of Control and Computer Engineering, Politecnico di Torino, Turin, 10129, Italy
| | | | | | - Jacopo Lenti
- CENTAI, Turin, Italy
- Department of Computer, Control, and Management Engineering Antonio Ruberti, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | | | | | - Michele Starnini
- CENTAI, Turin, Italy
- Departament de Física, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Campus Nord, Barcelona, 08034, Spain
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14
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Zhu Q, Gao Y, Hu Q, Hu D, Wu X. A study on the factors influencing the intention to receive booster shots of the COVID-19 vaccine in China based on the information frame effect. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1258188. [PMID: 38444439 PMCID: PMC10913603 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1258188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction In the response to and prevention and control of the Novel coronavirus pneumonia, the COVID-19 vaccine does not provide lifelong immunity, and it is therefore important to increase the rate of booster shots of the COVID-19 vaccine. In the field of information health science, research has found that information frames have an impact in changing individual attitudes and health behaviors. Objective This study focuses on the effects of different influencing factors on the public's willingness to receive the booster shots of the COVID-19 vaccine under two information frameworks. Methods An online questionnaire was conducted to explore the effects of demographic characteristics, personal awareness, social relationships, risk disclosure, perceived booster vaccination protection rate, and duration of protection under the assumption of an information framework. T test and one-way analysis were used to testing the effect of variables. Results (1) The persuasion effect under the gain frame is higher than that under the loss frame (B = 0.863 vs. B = 0.746); (2) There was no significant difference in subjects' intention of booster vaccination in terms of gender, age, income, occupation, educational background and place of residence. Whether family members received booster vaccination was strongly correlated with their intention of vaccination under the loss framework (p = 0.017, M = 4.63, SD = 0.664). (3) The higher the understanding of COVID-19, the higher the degree of compliance with the government's COVID-19 prevention and control measures, and the higher the willingness to strengthen vaccination; (4) Risk disclosure has a significant impact on people's willingness to receive COVID-19 booster shots (M = 2.48, under the loss framework; M = 2.44, under the gain framework); (5) Vaccine protection rate and duration of protection have an impact on people's willingness to vaccinate. Increased willingness to vaccinate when the protection rate of booster vaccine approaches 90% (M = 4.76, under the loss framework; M = 4.68, under the gain framework). When the vaccine protection period is 2 years, people are more willing to receive a booster vaccine; and the willingness to receive a booster shot is stronger under the loss framework (M = 4.60, SD = 0.721, p = 0.879). Conclusion The impact of the information framework on COVID-19 vaccination intentions is different, and the disclosure of relevant health information should focus on the impact of the information framework and content on the public's behavior toward strengthening vaccination. Therefore, in the face of public health emergencies, public health departments, healthcare institutions, and other sectors can consider adopting the Gainful Information Framework tool to disseminate health information to achieve better persuasion and promote public health behavior change enhancing public health awareness, and promoting universal vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qizhen Zhu
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
- School of Medical Information Engineering, Jining Medical University, Rizhao, China
| | - Yunyun Gao
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Qingyuan Hu
- Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - DeHua Hu
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xusheng Wu
- Shenzhen Health Development Research and Data Management Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
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15
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Raman R, Kumar Nair V, Nedungadi P, Kumar Sahu A, Kowalski R, Ramanathan S, Achuthan K. Fake news research trends, linkages to generative artificial intelligence and sustainable development goals. Heliyon 2024; 10:e24727. [PMID: 38322879 PMCID: PMC10844021 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e24727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024] Open
Abstract
In the digital age, where information is a cornerstone for decision-making, social media's not-so-regulated environment has intensified the prevalence of fake news, with significant implications for both individuals and societies. This study employs a bibliometric analysis of a large corpus of 9678 publications spanning 2013-2022 to scrutinize the evolution of fake news research, identifying leading authors, institutions, and nations. Three thematic clusters emerge: Disinformation in social media, COVID-19-induced infodemics, and techno-scientific advancements in auto-detection. This work introduces three novel contributions: 1) a pioneering mapping of fake news research to Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), indicating its influence on areas like health (SDG 3), peace (SDG 16), and industry (SDG 9); 2) the utilization of Prominence percentile metrics to discern critical and economically prioritized research areas, such as misinformation and object detection in deep learning; and 3) an evaluation of generative AI's role in the propagation and realism of fake news, raising pressing ethical concerns. These contributions collectively provide a comprehensive overview of the current state and future trajectories of fake news research, offering valuable insights for academia, policymakers, and industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raghu Raman
- Amrita School of Business, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Amritapuri, Kerala, 690525, India
| | - Vinith Kumar Nair
- Amrita School of Business, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Amritapuri, Kerala, 690525, India
| | - Prema Nedungadi
- Amrita School of Computing, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Amritapuri, Kerala, 690525, India
| | - Aditya Kumar Sahu
- Amrita School of Computing, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Amaravati, Andhra Pradesh, 522503, India
| | - Robin Kowalski
- College of Behavioral, Social and Health Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, 29634, USA
| | - Sasangan Ramanathan
- Amrita School of Engineering, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Coimbatore, Tamilnadu, 641112, India
| | - Krishnashree Achuthan
- Center for Cybersecurity Systems and Networks, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Amritapuri, Kerala, 690525, India
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16
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Chan AHY, Tao M, Marsh S, Petousis-Harris H. Vaccine decision making in New Zealand: a discrete choice experiment. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:447. [PMID: 38347498 PMCID: PMC10863187 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-17865-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vaccine hesitancy is a significant threat to global health. A key part of addressing hesitancy is to ensure that public health messaging prioritises information that is considered important to the public. This study aimed to examine how different vaccine characteristics affect public preferences for vaccines in New Zealand, what trade-offs they are willing to make between different vaccine characteristics, and how their preferences are affected by their vaccine-related conspiracy beliefs and COVID-19 vaccination status. METHODS An online discrete choice experiment (DCE) was designed to elicit individual preferences about vaccines using the 1000minds platform. Members of the general population of New Zealand aged ≥ 18 years were invited to complete the DCE. Participants were asked to indicate their preference between two options showing different combinations of vaccine characteristics. Data on sociodemographic characteristics were collected. Beliefs were measured using the vaccine conspiracy beliefs scale (VCBS) with scores ≥ 19 indicating strong vaccine-related conspiracy beliefs. The DCE was analysed using the PAPRIKA method (Potentially All Pairwise RanKings of all possible Alternatives) and preferences compared between respondents with high versus low VCBS scores and vaccinated versus unvaccinated respondents for COVID-19. RESULTS A total of 611 respondents from 15 regions completed the DCE. Mean (SD) age was 45.9 (14.7) years with most having had 2 or more doses of the coronavirus vaccine (86%). Mean (SD) VCBS score was 18.5 (12.4) indicating moderate vaccine-related conspiracy beliefs. Risk of severe adverse effects was the most highly valued vaccine characteristic, followed by vaccine effectiveness and duration of protection. Vaccine origin and route of administration were ranked least important. Respondents scoring high on the VCBS placed less value on the effectiveness of vaccines but greater value on development time and total number of doses (p < 0.001). COVID-19 unvaccinated respondents ranked development time and total number of doses more highly than those vaccinated respondents (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Risk of severe adverse effects, vaccine effectiveness and duration of protection were rated by the New Zealand public as the top three most important vaccine characteristics. This information is important for informing public health messaging to promote vaccine uptake and inform vaccine decision-making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy Hai Yan Chan
- School of Pharmacy, University of Auckland, Level 3, Building 505, 85 Park Road, Grafton, 1023, Auckland, New Zealand.
| | - Marvin Tao
- School of Medicine, University of Auckland, Building 505, 85 Park Road, Grafton, 1023, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Samantha Marsh
- School of Population Health, University of Auckland, 85 Park Road, Grafton, 1023, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Helen Petousis-Harris
- School of Population Health, University of Auckland, 85 Park Road, Grafton, 1023, Auckland, New Zealand
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17
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Masarwa R, Yonai Y, Ben-Natan M, Berkovich Y. Knowledge of the Mpox virus and conspiracy beliefs and their association with self-confidence in managing the virus among Israeli orthopedic surgeons. Pathog Glob Health 2024; 118:33-39. [PMID: 37340619 PMCID: PMC10769118 DOI: 10.1080/20477724.2023.2228040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/22/2023] Open
Abstract
In 2022, the Mpox viral outbreak signaled a global public health emergency. Infectious disease management and prevention are crucial tasks for healthcare workers. In their line of work, orthopedic surgeons could come across cases of the Mpox virus. The aim of the present study was to explore orthopedic surgeons' knowledge of the Mpox virus, their conspiracy beliefs regarding emerging viral infections, and their self-confidence in managing the Mpox virus. In this cross-sectional survey, 137 orthopedic surgeons completed an online questionnaire. The participants had low knowledge of the Mpox virus, providing on average 11.5 correct answers (SD = 2.68) of a possible 21. In addition, the participants tended to express moderate conspiracy beliefs and to have low self-confidence in managing the Mpox virus. Age 30 or older, a higher knowledge level, and lower conspiracy beliefs predicted greater self-confidence in managing the Mpox virus. In addition, a negative association was found between knowledge of the Mpox virus and conspiracy beliefs. Arab and younger orthopedic surgeons expressed stronger conspiracy beliefs. Interventions should include introduction of material regarding emerging tropical infections in medical curricula and in-service training programs. In addition, special attention should be paid to younger and Arab orthopedic surgeons, as these subgroups may endorse higher conspiracy beliefs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rawan Masarwa
- Orthopedics B Department, Hillel Yaffe Medical Center, Hadera, Israel
| | - Yaniv Yonai
- Orthopedics B Department, Hillel Yaffe Medical Center, Hadera, Israel
| | - Merav Ben-Natan
- Pat Matthews Academic School of Nursing, Hillel Yaffe Medical Center, Hadera, Israel
| | - Yaron Berkovich
- Orthopedics B Department, Hillel Yaffe Medical Center, Hadera, Israel
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18
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Voss U, Schermelleh-Engel K, Hauser L, Holzmann M, Fichtner D, Seifert S, Klimke A, Windmann S. Alike but not the same: Psychological profiles of COVID-19 vaccine skeptics. Health Psychol Open 2024; 11:20551029241248757. [PMID: 38681211 PMCID: PMC11047032 DOI: 10.1177/20551029241248757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/01/2024] Open
Abstract
One of the challenges of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic was a widespread skepticism about vaccination. To elucidate the underlying mental and emotional predispositions, we examined a sample of 1428 participants using latent profile analysis (LPA) on selected personality trait variables, mental health status, and measures of irrational beliefs. LPA revealed five distinct profiles: two classes of non-skeptics and three of skeptics. The smaller non-skeptic class reported the highest rates of mental health problems, along with high levels of neuroticism, hostility, interpersonal sensitivity, and external locus of control. The larger non-skeptic class was psychologically well-balanced. Conversely, the skeptic groups shared strong distrust of COVID-19 vaccination but differed in emotional and mental profiles, leading to graded differences in endorsing extreme conspiracy beliefs. This suggests that vaccine skepticism is not solely a result of mental illness or emotional instability; rather extreme skepticism manifests as a nuanced, graded phenomenon contingent on personality traits and conspirational beliefs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ursula Voss
- Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
- VITOS Hochtaunus Psychiatric Hospital, Friedrichsdorf, Germany
| | | | - Leana Hauser
- VITOS Hochtaunus Psychiatric Hospital, Friedrichsdorf, Germany
| | | | - Diana Fichtner
- VITOS Hochtaunus Psychiatric Hospital, Friedrichsdorf, Germany
| | - Sonja Seifert
- VITOS Hochtaunus Psychiatric Hospital, Friedrichsdorf, Germany
| | - Ansgar Klimke
- VITOS Hochtaunus Psychiatric Hospital, Friedrichsdorf, Germany
- Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Dusseldorf, Germany
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19
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Niguse S, Gebremariam S, Terefa DR, Biset Y, Mekasha E, Meskele K. Assessment of COVID-19 vaccine take-up and its predictors among healthcare professionals in public hospitals, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: Facility-based cross-sectional study. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2023; 19:2171181. [PMID: 36746745 PMCID: PMC10012945 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2023.2171181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Healthcare professionals (HCPs) are among the highly exposed groups for the COVID-19 pandemic and have been identified as the target population to get vaccination against the spread of the infection. Aimed to assess COVID-19 vaccine take-up and its predictors among HCPs in public hospitals in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2021. A facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 403 randomly selected participants from October 1st to November 30, 2021. Data was entered into Epi-info version 7 and analyzed using SPSS version 25. An AOR along with a 95% confidence level was estimated, and a P value <.05 was considered to declare the statistical significance. About 71% of the participants had taken any of the COVID-19 vaccines at least once. Being married (AOR: 10.79; 95% CI: 1.32-18.05); educational status of MSc degree (AOR = 7.7; CI: 2.08-15.1.6), medical doctors/GP (AOR = 5.88; CI: 1.60-15.54), MD with MSc (AOR = 9.63; CI: 2.17-17.76), PHD (AOR = 13.33; CI: 1.23-24.21) and specialist and above 3 (AOR = 3.45; CI: 2.34-42.8) holder HCPs; perceived severity of COVID-19 infection as moderate (AOR = 0.23; CI: 0.08-0.65) and mild (AOR = 0.28; CI: 0.11-0.74) and poor knowledge toward COVID-19 vaccination (AOR = 0.03; CI: 0.01-0.12) were statistically associated. This study showed that COVID-19 vaccine take-up among HCPs was relatively low to achieve herd immunity. Participants' marital status, educational status, perception of the severity of COVID-19 infection, and level of knowledge toward COVID-19 vaccines were the predictors of the COVID-19 vaccine take-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samrawit Niguse
- School of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Semere Gebremariam
- School of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Dufera Rikitu Terefa
- Department of Public Health, Institute of Health Sciences, Wallaga University, Nekemte, Ethiopia
| | - Yonas Biset
- School of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Esete Mekasha
- School of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Kidest Meskele
- School of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
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20
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Biswas MR, Shah Z. Extracting factors associated with vaccination from Twitter data and mapping to behavioral models. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2023; 19:2281729. [PMID: 38013461 PMCID: PMC10760324 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2023.2281729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Social media platform, particularly Twitter, is a rich data source that allows monitoring of public opinions and attitudes toward vaccines.Established behavioral models like the 5C psychological antecedents model and the Health Belief Model (HBM) provide a well-structured framework for analyzing shifts in vaccine-related behavior. This study examines if the extracted data from Twitter contains valuable insights regarding public attitudes toward vaccines and can be mapped to two behavioral models. This study focuses on the Arab population, and a search was carried out on Twitter using: ' تلقيحي OR تطعيم OR تطعيمات OR لقاح OR لقاحات' for two years from January 2020 to January 2022. Then, BERTopicmodeling was applied, and several topics were extracted. Finally, the topics were manually mapped to the factors of the 5C model and HBM. 1,068,466 unique users posted 3,368,258 vaccine-related tweets in Arabic. Topic modeling generated 25 topics, which were mapped to the 15 factors of the 5C model and HBM. Among the users, 32.87%were male, and 18.06% were female. A significant 55.77% of the users were from the MENA (Middle East and North Africa) region. Twitter users were more inclined to accept vaccines when they trusted vaccine safety and effectiveness, but vaccine hesitancy increased due to conspiracy theories and misinformation. The association of topics with these theoretical frameworks reveals the availability and diversity of Twitter data that can predict behavioral change toward vaccines. It allows the preparation of timely and effective interventions for vaccination programs compared to traditional methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md. Rafiul Biswas
- Division of Information and Computing Technology, College of Science and Engineering, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Zubair Shah
- Division of Information and Computing Technology, College of Science and Engineering, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar
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21
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Alshehri S, Sallam M. Vaccine conspiracy association with higher COVID-19 vaccination side effects and negative attitude towards booster COVID-19, influenza and monkeypox vaccines: A pilot study in Saudi Universities. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2023; 19:2275962. [PMID: 37941437 PMCID: PMC10653693 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2023.2275962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Conspiracies regarding vaccines are widely prevalent, with negative consequences on health-seeking behaviors. The current study aimed to investigate the possible association between the embrace of vaccine conspiracies and the attitude to booster COVID-19, seasonal influenza, and monkeypox (mpox) vaccinations as well as the perceived side effects following COVID-19 vaccination. The target population involved academic staff and university students in health colleges in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. A self-administered questionnaire was distributed in January 2023 to collect data on participants' demographics, self-reported side effects following each dose, willingness to get booster COVID-19, seasonal influenza, and mpox vaccinations, as well as an evaluation of vaccine conspiracies and attitude to mandatory vaccination. Among the 273 participants, the willingness to receive yearly booster COVID-19 vaccination was observed among 26.0% of the participants, while it was 46.9% and 34.1% for seasonal influenza and mpox vaccinations, respectively. Multinomial logistic regression analyses demonstrated a significant correlation between endorsing vaccine conspiracies and higher frequency of self-reported side effects following uptake of the second and third doses of COVID-19 vaccines. Vaccine conspiracies were also correlated with attitude toward booster COVID-19, influenza, mpox, and mandatory vaccination. The findings of this pilot study highlighted the potential adverse impact of the preexisting notions and negative attitudes toward vaccines, which could have contributed to heightened perceived side effects following COVID-19 vaccination. The study also highlighted the ongoing divisions concerning mandatory vaccination policies, emphasizing the need for cautious implementation of this strategy as a last resort for public health benefit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samiyah Alshehri
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Malik Sallam
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Forensic Medicine, School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
- Department of Clinical Laboratories and Forensic Medicine, Jordan University Hospital, Amman, Jordan
- Department of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
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Rehman S, Rehman N, Li Z, Zhang Y. Potential determinants of parental hesitancy to vaccinate their children against COVID-19 infection: a cross-sectional investigation. Sci Rep 2023; 13:22161. [PMID: 38092826 PMCID: PMC10719250 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-47863-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination hesitancy has emerged as a substantial concern among the adult population globally. However, limited evidence is available about parental hesitancy to vaccinate their children against COVID-19 within the Pakistani context. Thus, the present investigation aimed to assess parental attitudes, perceptions, and willingness regarding vaccination hesitancy and associated predictors of getting their children vaccinated against COVID-19. We conducted a cross-sectional population-based, self-administered online questionnaire in Punjab, Pakistan, on randomly selected parents between October 2022 and February 2023. The data were collected based on socio-demographics, attitudes, perceptions, and willingness of parents regarding COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy for their children. Adjusted odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals were estimated to identify the predictors of vaccine hesitancy. The findings demonstrated that among 1,478 participants, a total of 40% believed that the COVID-19 vaccine may pose a greater risk to children than adults, while 38% exhibited no concerns. Around 13% of children were not vaccinated in our study sample. More than half expressed hesitancy toward vaccination, and only 35.25% were inclined to get their children vaccinated in our study sample. In addition, only 16% of the parents believed that the COVID-19 vaccination may cause an alteration in their children's DNA. A similar proportion of parents were aware of the significance of getting their children vaccinated and expressed their willingness to vaccinate their children to prevent the COVID-19 infection. However, a higher odds ratio was observed in females with a higher educational background and those in the healthcare profession. In conclusion, healthcare awareness-supporting programs for educating parents should be designed and implemented. These insights might aid in the development of strategies to eradicate barriers in existing coronavirus vaccination programs and may vaccinate a larger child population to reduce the adverse consequences of the pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shazia Rehman
- Department of Psychiatry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, National Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
- China National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders, Hunan Technology Institute of Psychiatry, Hunan Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Hunan Medical Center for Mental Health, Mental Health Institute of Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Nadia Rehman
- Department of Mathematics, COMSATS University, Wah Campus, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Zexuan Li
- Department of Psychiatry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, National Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China.
- China National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders, Hunan Technology Institute of Psychiatry, Hunan Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Hunan Medical Center for Mental Health, Mental Health Institute of Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China.
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, National Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
- China National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders, Hunan Technology Institute of Psychiatry, Hunan Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Hunan Medical Center for Mental Health, Mental Health Institute of Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
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Basha S, Salameh B. Sicilians' knowledge, perceptions, prevention and practices during the pandemic in relation to vaccination: A questionnaire-based survey. Glob Health Promot 2023; 30:16-24. [PMID: 37278233 PMCID: PMC10247683 DOI: 10.1177/17579759231168652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND COVID-19 has influenced Sicily, Italy as any other part of the world, and people had various types of reactions to this global epidemic. This study aimed to assess the behavior, perception, and willingness of the Sicilian population to accept vaccination, as well as their attitudes toward conspiracy theories, which have been a concern for governments around the globe. METHODS Study design: cross sectional-descriptive study. The data were collected through a survey developed based on a protocol from the World Health Organization's regional office in Europe, which was distributed in two waves. The first wave took place in April and May 2020, and a modified survey was distributed during June and July. RESULTS Sicilians showed a very good knowledge of the virus, while their positive attitude has changed toward vaccination in the second wave. Furthermore, Sicilians showed an average trust in the governmental institutions, which allow the doubts of conspiracy to exist in the population. CONCLUSIONS Although the results indicate a good level of knowledge and positive attitude toward vaccination, we believe that further studies should be conducted in the Mediterranean to better understand how to face future epidemics with limited resources in the healthcare system, as compared with other countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sami Basha
- The American University of Sicily, Sicily, Italy
| | - Basma Salameh
- The Arab American University of Jenin, Jenin, Palestine
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Parveen H, Nasir S, Shahnawaz MG, Husain F, Baig J, Shankar A. Vaccine Hesitancy in India: Facilitators and Inhibitors. HEALTH EDUCATION & BEHAVIOR 2023; 50:822-834. [PMID: 37401790 DOI: 10.1177/10901981231179503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/05/2023]
Abstract
COVID-19 is yet not completely over; however, many people are hesitant to take COVID-19 vaccines despite their availability. Vaccine hesitancy is a major roadblock to attaining normalcy and controlling the spread of the COVID-19 virus. The present research used a multitheoretical framework (Health Belief Model, 3Cs framework, fatalism, and religious fatalism) to comprehend the complexity of vaccine hesitancy. Thus, the present study aimed at exploring vaccine hesitancy in India by using key components of the Health Belief Model, 3Cs framework, fatalism, religious fatalism, and some demographics as predictors. Data were collected electronically with the help of Google Forms from 639 Indian adults following snowballing and convenience sampling techniques with standardized measures (albeit some modifications to suit the context of the study). Descriptive analysis and hierarchical regression analysis were run in SPSS (V-22) to analyze the data. Results revealed that participants of the present study scored relatively high on vaccine hesitancy. Muslims as compared with Hindus and vaccination status emerged as significant predictors of vaccine hesitancy out of the demographic factors. Fear of COVID-19, vaccine convenience, and religious fatalism also significantly predicted vaccine hesitancy. Thus, a comprehensive approach is needed to strategically use these predictors to control vaccine hesitancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heena Parveen
- Department of Psychology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
| | - Shagufta Nasir
- Amity Institute of Clinical Psychology, Amity University, Rajasthan Jaipur, India
| | | | | | - Juweria Baig
- School of Philosophy, Psychology, and Linguistic Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Anand Shankar
- Department of Psychology, Tilka Manjhi University, Bhagalpur, India
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Sallam M, Abbasi H, Obeidat RJ, Badayneh R, Alkhashman F, Obeidat A, Oudeh D, Uqba Z, Mahafzah A. Unraveling the association between vaccine attitude, vaccine conspiracies and self-reported side effects following COVID-19 vaccination among nurses and physicians in Jordan. Vaccine X 2023; 15:100405. [PMID: 38161986 PMCID: PMC10755110 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvacx.2023.100405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The negative impact of vaccine conspiracies is linked with negative health behavior. The aim of the current study was to examine the association between attitudes toward booster COVID-19, influenza, and monkeypox (mpox) vaccinations with post-COVID-19 vaccine side effects, vaccine conspiracies, and attitude towards mandatory vaccination among nurses and physicians in Jordan. Methods A structured closed-ended questionnaire was used to collect data on demographics, COVID-19 history, COVID-19 vaccine type and doses received, self-reported side effects post-COVID-19 vaccination, acceptance of booster COVID-19, seasonal influenza, and mpox vaccinations, attitudes towards mandatory vaccination, and beliefs in vaccine conspiracies. Results The study sample comprised a total of 341 participants. Acceptance of yearly booster COVID-19 vaccination was expressed by 46.6% of the sample, while 73.3% accepted seasonal influenza vaccination, and only 37.0% accepted mpox vaccination. A higher frequency of self-reported side effects following the first COVID-19 vaccine dose was associated with embrace of vaccine conspiracies and vaccine type. For the second vaccine dose, a higher frequency of self-reported side effects was associated with the embrace of vaccine conspiracies, older age, and affiliation to private sector. In multinomial logistic regression analyses, the lower embrace of vaccine conspiracies was associated with lower odds of reporting side effects post-COVID-19 vaccination. The lower embrace of vaccine conspiracies and favorable attitude towards mandatory vaccination were associated with the willingness to get COVID-19, influenza, and mpox vaccinations. Conclusion The study findings highlighted the negative impact of embracing vaccine conspiracies on health-seeking behavior among nurses and physicians. The findings indicated that the willingness to get vaccinated was associated with lower endorsement of vaccine conspiracies. Additionally, the lower embrace of vaccine conspiracies was associated with a lower frequency of self-reported side effects following COVID-19 vaccination. These results emphasize the importance of addressing vaccine misinformation and promoting accurate information to ensure optimal vaccine uptake and public health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malik Sallam
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Forensic Medicine, School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
- Department of Clinical Laboratories and Forensic Medicine, Jordan University Hospital, Amman, Jordan
| | - Hiba Abbasi
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Jordan University Hospital, Amman, Jordan
| | - Rawan J. Obeidat
- The Office of Infection Prevention and Control, Jordan University Hospital, Amman, Jordan
| | - Reham Badayneh
- School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan
| | - Farah Alkhashman
- School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan
| | - Aseel Obeidat
- School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan
| | - Dana Oudeh
- School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan
| | - Zena Uqba
- School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan
| | - Azmi Mahafzah
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Forensic Medicine, School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
- Department of Clinical Laboratories and Forensic Medicine, Jordan University Hospital, Amman, Jordan
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Halboup AM, Alzoubi KH, Abu-Farha RK, Harun SN, Al-Mohamadi A, Battah MM, Jaber AAS, Alkubati S, Al-Ashwal FY. Perceptions and Knowledge of Public Towards Emerging Human Monkeypox in Yemen: A Cross-Sectional Study. J Multidiscip Healthc 2023; 16:3689-3701. [PMID: 38058461 PMCID: PMC10695760 DOI: 10.2147/jmdh.s442296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The spread of monkeypox (mpox) worldwide poses a severe threat to human life. This virus leads to a disease with symptoms similar to smallpox in humans. To combat this threat, improving public knowledge and perception toward mpox is vital for public health preventive measures. Methods A cross-sectional survey was carried out in Yemen from December 2022 to March 2023 to investigate public perception and knowledge of mpox. Individuals were approached through social media platforms using a convenient sampling approach. Linear regression was used to determine the association between participants' knowledge (dependent variable) and explanatory variables. Results A total of 853 individuals consented to take part in the study. A significant proportion of respondents had a low knowledge level (N=572, 67.06%). Most participants knew about the nature of the diseases (75%, n=641), transmission mode (78.1%, n=668), hand sanitizer preventive measures, and skin- related symptoms. However, only 20.8% (n= 178) knew that diarrhea is not a symptom, and 25.4% (n= 217) knew antibiotics are unnecessary for mpox management. A proportion of 57.7% (n=492) of the participants feared human mpox, and 47.7% (n= 407) thought it was a conspiracy. Most participants had a good perception of local and international health authorities controlling the disease. Age, education level, having a health-related certificate, and receiving a 2-dose vaccination for COVID-19 had statistically significant associations with mpox knowledge level (P < 0.05). Social media platforms were the most often used information source about mpox (78.3%, n= 668), followed by articles (41.1%, n=351). Conclusion The study reveals a low public knowledge about mpox in Yemen, emphasizing the need for targeted educational campaigns, especially via social media, to strengthen public health measures and disease control. Addressing Knowledge gaps and correcting misconceptions is crucial for improving preparedness and response to the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdulsalam M Halboup
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Practice, University of Science and Technology, Sana’a, Yemen
- Discipline of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Karem H Alzoubi
- Department of Pharmacy Practice and Pharmacotherapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Rana K Abu-Farha
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Applied Science Private University, Amman, 11931, Jordan
| | - Sabariah Noor Harun
- Discipline of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Ahmed Al-Mohamadi
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Practice, University of Science and Technology, Sana’a, Yemen
| | - Mohammed M Battah
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Practice, University of Science and Technology, Sana’a, Yemen
- Discipline of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Ammar Ali Saleh Jaber
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy & Pharmacotherapeutics, Dubai Pharmacy College for Girls, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Sameer Alkubati
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Hodeidah University, Hodeidah, Yemen
- Department of Medical Surgical Nursing, College of Nursing, University of Hail, Hail, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fahmi Y Al-Ashwal
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Practice, University of Science and Technology, Sana’a, Yemen
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Al-Ayen University, Thi-Qar, Iraq
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Khazir Z, Kouhpeikar H, Rahaei Z, Zareipour M, Dashti S, Gholamian M. The predictors of the intention to receive Covid-19 vaccine using the health belief model and theory of planned behavior in South Khorasan province. JOURNAL OF EDUCATION AND HEALTH PROMOTION 2023; 12:405. [PMID: 38333152 PMCID: PMC10852185 DOI: 10.4103/jehp.jehp_1480_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Widespread vaccination coverage in the shortest time is one of the most effective ways for controlling the COVID-19 pandemic. Factors affecting people's intention to get the COVID-19 vaccine are of great importance. The present study aimed to investigate the predictors of the intention to receive the Covid-19 vaccine based on the constructs of the health belief model (HBM) and theory of planned behavior (TPB) in South Khorasan Province. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this cross-sectional-analytical study, 320 people over 18 years in South Khorasan province were randomly selected by cluster sampling method in 2021. The data was collected by a researcher-made questionnaire, including demographic information (9 questions), and the constructs of the health belief model (19 questions), and the theory of planned behavior (13 questions), using the self-report method. Finally, data were analyzed using t-test, ANOVA, linear regression, and Pearson correlation tests. RESULTS The mean age of the study participants was 36.57 ± 11.56 with a range of 18-66 years. In the regression model, perceived susceptibility (β = 0.247, P = 0.003), perceived severity (β = 0.247, P = 0.003) from HBM, attitude (β = 0.247, P = 0.003), and perceived behavioral control (β = 0.247, P = 0.003) from TPB were significant predictors of the intention to get the Covid-19 vaccine. The constructs of the two models were able to explain 33% of the variance of the intention to receive the Covid-19 vaccine. CONCLUSIONS The study findings reveal that HBM and TPB can predict factors affecting an individual's intention to receive the vaccine. The results can be utilized to design interventions with the aim of increasing vaccine uptake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Khazir
- Department of Nursing, Tabas School of Nursing, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Hamideh Kouhpeikar
- Department of Nursing, Tabas School of Nursing, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Zohreh Rahaei
- The Treatment Deputy of Torbat Heydarieh University of Medical Sciences, Torbat Heydarieh, Razavi Province, Iran
| | - Moradali Zareipour
- Department School of Public Health, Yazd Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Saeid Dashti
- Department of Public Health, School of Health, Khoy University of Medical Sciences, Khoy, Iran
| | - Monireh Gholamian
- Ferdows School of Paramedical and Health, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
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Baghani M, Fathalizade F, Loghman AH, Samieefar N, Ghobadinezhad F, Rashedi R, Baghsheikhi H, Sodeifian F, Rahimzadegan M, Akhlaghdoust M. COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy worldwide and its associated factors: a systematic review and meta-analysis. SCIENCE IN ONE HEALTH 2023; 2:100048. [PMID: 39077035 PMCID: PMC11262288 DOI: 10.1016/j.soh.2023.100048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/31/2024]
Abstract
Introduction The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic has taken a toll on humans, and the development of effective vaccines has been a promising tool to end the pandemic. However, for a vaccination program to be successful, a considerable proportion of the community must be vaccinated. Hence, public acceptance of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines has become the key to controlling the pandemic. Recent studies have shown vaccine hesitancy increasing over time. This systematic review aims to evaluate the COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy rate and related factors in different communities. Method A comprehensive search was performed in MEDLINE (via PubMed), Scopus, and Web of Science from January 1, 2019 to January 31, 2022. All relevant descriptive and observational studies (cross-sectional and longitudinal) on vaccine hesitancy and acceptance were included in this systematic review. In the meta-analysis, odds ratio (OR) was used to assess the effects of population characteristics on vaccine hesitancy, and event rate (acceptance rate) was the effect measure for overall acceptance. Publication bias was assessed using the funnel plot, Egger's test, and trim-and-fill methods. Result A total of 135 out of 6,417 studies were included after screening. A meta-analysis of 114 studies, including 849,911 participants, showed an overall acceptance rate of 63.1%. In addition, men, married individuals, educated people, those with a history of flu vaccination, those with higher income levels, those with comorbidities, and people living in urban areas were less hesitant. Conclusion Increasing public awareness of the importance of COVID-19 vaccines in overcoming the pandemic is crucial. Being men, living in an urban region, being married or educated, having a history of influenza vaccination, having a higher level of income status, and having a history of comorbidities are associated with higher COVID-19 vaccine acceptance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matin Baghani
- Functional Neurosurgery Research Center, Shohada Tajrish Comprehensive Neurosurgical Center of Excellence, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Cognitive and Neuroscience Research Center (CNRC), Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farzan Fathalizade
- Functional Neurosurgery Research Center, Shohada Tajrish Comprehensive Neurosurgical Center of Excellence, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Cognitive and Neuroscience Research Center (CNRC), Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Hossein Loghman
- USERN Office, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Network of Interdisciplinarity in Neonates and Infants (NINI), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
| | - Noosha Samieefar
- USERN Office, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Network of Interdisciplinarity in Neonates and Infants (NINI), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
| | - Farbod Ghobadinezhad
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
- USERN Office, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
- Network of Interdisciplinarity in Neonates and Infants (NINI), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
| | - Ronak Rashedi
- USERN Office, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Network of Interdisciplinarity in Neonates and Infants (NINI), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
| | - Hediyeh Baghsheikhi
- USERN Office, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Network of Interdisciplinarity in Neonates and Infants (NINI), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Sodeifian
- USERN Office, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- USERN Office, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Milad Rahimzadegan
- Functional Neurosurgery Research Center, Shohada Tajrish Comprehensive Neurosurgical Center of Excellence, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- USERN Office, Functional Neurosurgery Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Meisam Akhlaghdoust
- Functional Neurosurgery Research Center, Shohada Tajrish Comprehensive Neurosurgical Center of Excellence, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- USERN Office, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- USERN Office, Functional Neurosurgery Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Network of Interdisciplinarity in Neonates and Infants (NINI), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
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Faraz A, Hina M, Atif A, Sumbul D, Mahmood SE, Riaz F, Khan MS, Ahmad A, Ahmad MT, Parvez A, Zeyaullah M. Knowledge, acceptance, motivators and barriers of booster dose of COVID-19 vaccination among dental patients: A cross-sectional study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2023; 102:e35747. [PMID: 37960831 PMCID: PMC10637537 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000035747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Given the lingering threat of COVID infection, questions are being raised if coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine needs annual or regular boosters to maintain high levels of immunity against both the original virus and variants. This study was designed to evaluate the knowledge, acceptance, motivators and barriers of the booster dose of COVID-19 vaccine among the dental patients of District Lucknow, India. A total of 297 respondents were selected by a convenience sampling method in this cross-sectional study from various dental clinics. An anonymous, self-administered, closed-ended questionnaire was used. Overall 37.7% respondents reported to have taken all 3 doses and 57.9% had taken single/double doses. Correct information about booster doses shows a significant association with the number of doses taken. The majority had information about the availability of the Pfizer booster vaccine (69.0%). About 58% of participants had information about the technology used in booster doses. The hesitancy for booster doses and the development of natural immunity by infection show significant associations with the number of doses taken. Only 18.2% patients had hesitation about the booster dose and most of them 78.8% recommended others to take the booster vaccine as soon as possible. The majority assumed that previous COVID-19 vaccines can help them get immune (21.5%) followed by not much research has been done on the booster vaccines (15.5%) and their chronic diseases warn them against the booster dose administration (12.5%). Nearly 18.2% of respondents had hesitation about booster dose and less than one third of the respondents trusted a government source for information about booster dose of COVID vaccine. Nearly 36 % did not know that the booster dose of COVID vaccine is available at health centers. Dental health professionals and policymakers should implement and support strategies to ensure people are vaccinated for COVID-19 booster doses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Faraz
- Department of Prosthodontics and Crown & Bridge, Career Post Graduate Institute of Dental Sciences and Hospital, Lucknow UP, India
| | - Malik Hina
- Department of Prosthodontics and Crown & Bridge, Career Post Graduate Institute of Dental Sciences and Hospital, Lucknow UP, India
| | - Ali Atif
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Saraswati Dental College, Lucknow, UP, India
| | - Dr Sumbul
- Department of Anatomy, King George Medical University, Lucknow, UP, India
| | - Syed E Mahmood
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fatima Riaz
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Suhail Khan
- Department of Public Health, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Khamis Mushait, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ausaf Ahmad
- Department of Community Medicine, Integral University, Lucknow, India
| | - Mohammad Tauheed Ahmad
- Department of Medical Education, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ashib Parvez
- Department of Community Medicine F.H. Medical College, Etmadpur, Agra, UP, India
| | - Md Zeyaullah
- Department of Basic Medical Science, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Khamis Mushayt Campus, King Khalid University (KKU), Abha, Saudi Arabia
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Barakat M, Abdaljaleel M, Atawneh N, Alkhazaleh R, Aburumman D, Hamed E, Sallam M. Pervasive Parental Hesitancy and Resistance towards Measles Rubella Vaccination in Jordan. Vaccines (Basel) 2023; 11:1672. [PMID: 38006004 PMCID: PMC10674877 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines11111672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Measles remains a highly contagious and potentially severe infectious disease, necessitating high vaccine coverage. However, misinformation and measles vaccine hesitancy/resistance have posed significant challenges to achieving this goal. The COVID-19 pandemic further exacerbated these challenges, leading to a measles outbreak in Jordan in 2023. This study aimed to investigate the acceptance of the measles rubella (MR) vaccine among parents in Jordan and to identify its associated determinants. This cross-sectional questionnaire-based study was conducted using a previously Arabic-validated version of the Parental Attitudes towards Childhood Vaccines (PACV) survey instrument. Data collection took place in October 2023, and the final study sample comprised a total of 391 parents, with mothers representing 69.8% of the participants (n = 273). The majority of participating parents expressed either resistance (n = 169, 43.2%) or hesitancy (n = 168, 43.0%) towards MR vaccination, while only 54 participants (13.8%) expressed MR vaccine acceptance. Multivariate analysis revealed that trust in vaccine safety/efficacy, behavior, and having fewer offspring were significantly associated with MR vaccine acceptance. The current study revealed a concerning level of MR vaccine hesitancy/resistance among parents in Jordan, which could signal a public health alarm in the country. Urgent and targeted interventions are strongly recommended to address this issue, including mass campaigns aimed at building trust in the MR vaccine's safety/efficacy. Additionally, there is an urgent need for effective public health initiatives to ensure sufficient measles vaccine coverage to prevent future outbreaks of this serious disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muna Barakat
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Applied Science Private University, Amman 11931, Jordan;
- MEU Research Unit, Middle East University, Amman 11831, Jordan
| | - Maram Abdaljaleel
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Forensic Medicine, School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan
- Department of Clinical Laboratories and Forensic Medicine, Jordan University Hospital, Amman 11942, Jordan
| | - Nada Atawneh
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Forensic Medicine, School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan
| | - Rawan Alkhazaleh
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Forensic Medicine, School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan
| | - Dana Aburumman
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Forensic Medicine, School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan
| | - Eman Hamed
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Forensic Medicine, School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan
| | - Malik Sallam
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Forensic Medicine, School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan
- Department of Clinical Laboratories and Forensic Medicine, Jordan University Hospital, Amman 11942, Jordan
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Elsayed AA, Rabea HM, Salman SA, Wahsh EA. The preparedness and knowledge of pharmacists and general practitioners in managing human monkeypox: a highly spreading infectious disease. J Pharm Policy Pract 2023; 16:125. [PMID: 37872556 PMCID: PMC10591388 DOI: 10.1186/s40545-023-00636-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND After the era of the COVID-19 pandemic, the role of pharmacists was emphasized in the battle against highly spreading and infectious diseases like human Monkeypox (hMPV). AIM Assess the hMPV knowledge of the community, clinical pharmacists, and general practitioners (GPs) and raise their awareness about hMPV. METHODS A web-based questionnaire was distributed randomly to Egyptian community pharmacists, clinical pharmacists, and GPs from all governorates. The questionnaire was divided into two sections: one for demographic information and the other for hMPV knowledge (nature of the disease, incubation period, transmission, symptoms, Prophylaxis, Prevention, and management). The evidence-based answers were provided after completing the submission. Data were descriptively analyzed using IBM SPSS software. RESULTS From a total of 753 respondents, only 710 participants were included in the final data analysis. The % of respondents who presented good total knowledge scores about hMPV was comparable between study groups (P = 0.826). There were no differences between groups identifying different disease clinical characteristics (P = 0.689) and hMPV management (P = 0.324). Community pharmacists had better knowledge scores than GPs in the prevention and prophylaxis domain (P = 0.037). CONCLUSION Pharmacists and GPs have good and similar knowledge levels of hMPV. However, a gap exists in recognizing the right hMPV incubation period, prophylaxis, and omitting antibiotics from hMPV management. Pharmacists and GPs are the frontline health care providers (HCPs), so they would require more knowledge enhancement about such contagious diseases to offer the best possible patient care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asmaa A Elsayed
- Clinical Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sohag University, Sohag, Egypt.
| | - Hoda M Rabea
- Clinical Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni Suef, Egypt
| | | | - Engy A Wahsh
- Clinical Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, October 6 University, Giza, Egypt
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Ma M, Shi L, Liu M, Yang J, Xie W, Sun G. Comparison of COVID-19 vaccine policies and their effectiveness in Korea, Japan, and Singapore. Int J Equity Health 2023; 22:224. [PMID: 37864164 PMCID: PMC10588018 DOI: 10.1186/s12939-023-02034-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to analyze coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)vaccine policies and effectiveness in Korea, Japan, and Singapore, thereby providing empirical experience for vaccination and response to similar public health emergencies. METHODS The study systematically summarized the COVID-19 vaccine policies in Korea, Japan, and Singapore through public information from the Our World in Data website and the official websites of the Ministries of Health in these three countries.Total vaccinations, COVID-19 vaccination rates, rates of fully vaccinated, rates of boostervaccinated, and total confifirmed cases were selected for cross-sectional comparison of COVID-19 vaccination in these three countries. Combining the basic characteristics of these three countries, daily cases per million, daily deaths per million, and the effective reproduction rate were calculated to measure the effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccine policies implementation in each of these three countries RESULTS: The countermeasures against the COVID-19 in Korea, Japan, and Singapore, although seemingly different on the surface, have all taken an aggressive approach. There are large similarities in the timing of the start of COVID-19 vaccination, the type of vaccine, how vaccine appointments are made, and whether vaccination are free, and all had high vaccination rates. A systematic comparison of the anti-epidemic practices in the three East Asian countries revealed that all three countries experienced more than one outbreak spike due to the spread of new mutant strains after the start of mass vaccination with COVID-19 vaccination, but that vaccination played a positive role in reducing the number of deaths and stabilizing the effective reproduction rate. CONCLUSIONS This study comparatively analyzed the COVID-19 vaccine policies and their effects in South Korea, Japan, and Singapore, and found that there is a common set of logical combinations behind the seemingly different strategies of these three countries. Therefore, in the process of combating COVID-19, countries can learn from the successful experience of combating the epidemic and continue to strengthen the implementation of vaccination programs, as well as adjusting public perceptions to reduce the level of vaccine hesitancy, enhance the motivation for vaccination, and improve the coverage of COVID-19 vaccine based on different cultural factors, which remains the direction for future development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengyuan Ma
- Department of Health Management, School of Health Management, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Leiyu Shi
- Department of Health Policy and Management, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Meiheng Liu
- Department of Health Management, School of Health Management, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Junyan Yang
- Department of Health Management, School of Health Management, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Wanzhen Xie
- Department of Health Management, School of Health Management, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Gang Sun
- Department of Health Management, School of Health Management, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
- Department of Health Policy and Management, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA.
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Rodrigues F, Ziade N, Jatuworapruk K, Caballero-Uribe CV, Khursheed T, Gupta L. The Impact of Social Media on Vaccination: A Narrative Review. J Korean Med Sci 2023; 38:e326. [PMID: 37846789 PMCID: PMC10578995 DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2023.38.e326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Vaccine hesitancy poses a significant global health challenge, fueled by misinformation and anti-vaccination campaigns on social media platforms (SMPs). This study examines the influence of social media on coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and non-COVID-19 vaccination in Asia during the peri-pandemic period. Through a comprehensive analysis of available literature, we aim to elucidate the role of SMPs in shaping vaccination attitudes and behaviors. The findings highlight the detrimental impact of social media on vaccination efforts and provide insights into addressing vaccine hesitancy during this critical period. A narrative review was conducted by searching the PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar databases from inception to May 26, 2022. Only English-language articles involving human participants from Asian countries were included in this review. Out of the 228 articles identified through the database search, 14 articles were included in the final analysis. The prevalence of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy or negative attitudes towards COVID-19 vaccines in Asian countries was found to be high, ranging from 20% to 55% across countries. Notably, reliance on SMPs for vaccine-related information was associated with a higher likelihood of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy. This trend coincided with the proliferation of misinformation and conspiracy theories that portrayed COVID-19 vaccines as harmful during the pandemic. Similar patterns were observed for other types of vaccines, including polio, measles mumps and rubella, and diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis vaccines. The use of SMPs was also found to be associated with increased fear among caregivers in Asian countries, as well as a 3-4 times higher likelihood of delayed immunization. SMPs negatively impact vaccine intent in Asia due to misinformation and anti-vaccination campaigns during the pandemic. However, they can be a powerful tool for healthcare providers and policymakers to promote informed decision-making. Efforts should focus on leveraging SMPs to disseminate reliable information and combat hesitancy, fostering a well-informed and vaccinated population in Asia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flinta Rodrigues
- Seth Gordhandas Sunderdas Medical College and King Edward Memorial Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Nelly Ziade
- Rheumatology Department, Saint-Joseph University, Beirut, Lebanon
- Rheumatology Department, Hotel-Dieu de France Hospital, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Kanon Jatuworapruk
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Thammasat University, Pathumthani, Thailand
| | | | - Tayyeba Khursheed
- Department of Rheumatology, Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Latika Gupta
- Department of Rheumatology, Royal Wolverhampton Hospitals NHS Trust, Wolverhampton, UK
- City Hospital, Sandwell and West Birmingham Hospitals NHS Trust, Birmingham, UK
- Division of Musculoskeletal and Dermatological Sciences, Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
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Msuya HM, Mrisho GA, Mkopi A, Mrisho M, Lweno ON, Ali AM, Said AH, Mihayo MG, Mswata SS, Tumbo AM, Mhalu G, Jongo SA, Kassim KR, Nyaulingo GD, Temu SG, Kazyoba PE, Haruna H, Kishimba R, Kassa H, Mwangoka GW, Abdulla S. Understanding Sociodemographic Factors and Reasons Associated with COVID-19 Vaccination Hesitance among Adults in Tanzania: A Mixed-Method Approach. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2023; 109:895-907. [PMID: 37696518 PMCID: PMC10551072 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.23-0229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Although studies on COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy are being undertaken widely worldwide, there is limited evidence in Tanzania. This study aims to assess the sociodemographic factors associated with COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy and the reasons given by unvaccinated study participants. We conducted a mixed-method cross-sectional study with two components-health facilities and communities-between March and September 2022. A structured questionnaire and in-depth interviews were used to collect quantitative and qualitative data, respectively. A total of 1,508 individuals agreed to participate in the survey and explained why they had not vaccinated against COVID-19. Of these participants, 62% indicated they would accept the vaccine, whereas 38% expressed skepticism. In a multivariate regression analysis, adult study participants 40 years and older were significantly more likely to report not intending to be vaccinated (adjusted odds ratio [AOR], 1.28; 95% CI, 1.01-1.61; P = 0.04) than youth and middle-aged study participants between 18 and 40 years. Furthermore, female study participants had a greater likelihood of not intending to be vaccinated (AOR, 1.51; 95% CI, 1.19-1.90; P = 0.001) than male study participants. The study identified fear of safety and short-term side effects, and lack of trust of the COVID-19 vaccine; belief in spiritual or religious views; and belief in local remedies and other precautions or preventive measures as the major contributors to COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in Tanzania. Further empirical studies are needed to confirm these findings and to understand more fully the reasons for vaccine hesitancy in different demographic groups.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Ali M. Ali
- Ifakara Health Institute, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
| | - Ali H. Said
- Ifakara Health Institute, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
| | | | | | | | - Grace Mhalu
- Ifakara Health Institute, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
| | | | | | | | | | - Paul E. Kazyoba
- National Institute for Medical Research, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
| | | | | | - Hellen Kassa
- Foundation for Innovation and New Diagnostics, Geneva, Switzerland
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da Silva FF, de Abreu LC, Daboin BEG, Morais TC, Cavalcanti MPE, Bezerra IMP, da Silva CG, Figueira FAMDS, de Caldas Guedes VV, Perez Riera AR. Temporal Analysis of COVID-19 Epidemiological Indicators in a Low-Income Brazilian Context: A Retrospective Analysis in Paraiba State. Viruses 2023; 15:2016. [PMID: 37896793 PMCID: PMC10611110 DOI: 10.3390/v15102016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Northeast Brazil is a region with great international tourist potential. Among the states that make up this region, Paraíba stands out due to the presence of vulnerable groups and factors that contribute to adverse outcomes of COVID-19. Therefore, the aim of this study was to analyze the epidemiological data on the incidence, mortality, and case fatality of COVID-19 in Paraíba. An ecological, population-based study was performed, with data extracted from the Brazilian Ministry of Health database. All cases and deaths from COVID-19 from March 2020 to December 2022 were included. The time series was built by applying the Prais-Winsten regression model, and the daily percent change was calculated to analyze the trends. The highest case fatality of the entire period was in April 2020 (7.8%), but in March 2021, the state broke the dismal record of 1248 deaths and the highest mortality rate (30.5 deaths per 100,000 inhabitants). Stationary mortality and case fatality were better in 2022; however, in February 2022, the mortality rate was at levels similar to the same month of the previous year. These results illustrate that COVID-19 is evolving and needs to be constantly monitored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabiola Ferreira da Silva
- Laboratory of Studies Design and Scientific Writing, Postgraduate Division, University Center FMABC, Santo André 09060-870, SP, Brazil; (F.F.d.S.); (L.C.d.A.); (B.E.G.D.); (C.G.d.S.); (A.R.P.R.)
| | - Luiz Carlos de Abreu
- Laboratory of Studies Design and Scientific Writing, Postgraduate Division, University Center FMABC, Santo André 09060-870, SP, Brazil; (F.F.d.S.); (L.C.d.A.); (B.E.G.D.); (C.G.d.S.); (A.R.P.R.)
- Department of Integrated Health Education, Federal University of Espirito Santo, Vitoria 29075-910, ES, Brazil
- School of Medicine, University of Limerick, V94 T9PX Limerick, Ireland
- Post-Graduate Program in Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine of the University of São Paulo, São Paulo 01246-903, SP, Brazil; (M.P.E.C.); (F.A.M.d.S.F.)
| | - Blanca Elena Guerrero Daboin
- Laboratory of Studies Design and Scientific Writing, Postgraduate Division, University Center FMABC, Santo André 09060-870, SP, Brazil; (F.F.d.S.); (L.C.d.A.); (B.E.G.D.); (C.G.d.S.); (A.R.P.R.)
- School of Medicine, University of Limerick, V94 T9PX Limerick, Ireland
| | - Tassiane Cristina Morais
- Department of Integrated Health Education, Federal University of Espirito Santo, Vitoria 29075-910, ES, Brazil
- School of Sciences of Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Vitória (EMESCAM), Vitoria 29045-402, ES, Brazil;
| | - Matheus Paiva Emidio Cavalcanti
- Post-Graduate Program in Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine of the University of São Paulo, São Paulo 01246-903, SP, Brazil; (M.P.E.C.); (F.A.M.d.S.F.)
| | | | - Célia Guarnieri da Silva
- Laboratory of Studies Design and Scientific Writing, Postgraduate Division, University Center FMABC, Santo André 09060-870, SP, Brazil; (F.F.d.S.); (L.C.d.A.); (B.E.G.D.); (C.G.d.S.); (A.R.P.R.)
| | | | | | - Andres Ricardo Perez Riera
- Laboratory of Studies Design and Scientific Writing, Postgraduate Division, University Center FMABC, Santo André 09060-870, SP, Brazil; (F.F.d.S.); (L.C.d.A.); (B.E.G.D.); (C.G.d.S.); (A.R.P.R.)
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Bacon E, An L, Yang P, Hawley S, Van Horn ML, Resnicow K. Novel Psychosocial Correlates of COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy: Cross-Sectional Survey. JMIR Form Res 2023; 7:e45980. [PMID: 37756115 PMCID: PMC10538360 DOI: 10.2196/45980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Effective COVID-19 vaccines have been available since early 2021 yet many Americans refuse or delayed uptake. As of mid-2022, still around 30% of US adults remain unvaccinated against COVID-19. The majority (81%) of these unvaccinated adults say they will "definitely not" be getting the COVID-19 vaccine. Understanding the determinants of COVID-19 vaccine uptake is critical to reducing death and illness from the virus, as well as to inform future vaccine efforts, such as the more recent bivalent (omicron) booster. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to expand our understanding of psychosocial determinants of COVID-19 vaccine uptake. We focus on both COVID-19-specific factors, such as COVID-19 conspiracy beliefs, as well as more global personality attributes such as dogmatism, reactance, gender roles, political beliefs, and religiosity. METHODS We conducted a web-based survey in mid-2021 of a representative sample of 1376 adults measuring both COVID-19-specific beliefs and attitudes, as well as global personality attributes. COVID-19 vaccination status is reported at 3 levels: vaccinated; unvaccinated-may-get-it; unvaccinated-hard-no. RESULTS Our analyses focused on the correlation of COVID-19 vaccination status with 10 psychosocial attributes: COVID-19-specific conspiracy theory beliefs; COVID-19 vaccine misinformation; COVID-19-related Rapture beliefs; general antivaccination beliefs; trait reactance; trait dogmatism; belief in 2020 election fraud; belief in a QAnon conspiracy; health care system distrust; and identification with traditional gender roles. We used a multivariate analysis of covariance to examine mean differences across vaccine status groups for each of the correlates while holding constant the effects of age, gender, race, income, education, political party, and Evangelicalism. Across the 10 psychosocial correlates, several different response scales were used. To allow for comparison of effects across correlates, measures of effect size were computed by converting correlates to z scores and then examining adjusted mean differences in z scores between the groups. We found that all 10 psychosocial variables were significantly associated with vaccination status. After general antivaccination beliefs, COVID-19 misinformation beliefs and COVID-19 conspiracy beliefs had the largest effect on vaccine uptake. CONCLUSIONS The association of these psychosocial factors with COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy may help explain why vaccine uptake has not shifted much among the unvaccinated-hard-no group since vaccines became available. These findings deepen our understanding of those who remain resistant to getting vaccinated and can guide more effective tailored communications to reach them. Health communication professionals may apply lessons learned from countering related beliefs and personality attributes around issues such as climate change and other forms of vaccine hesitancy. For example, using motivational interviewing strategies that are equipped to handle resistance and provide correct information in a delicate manner that avoids reactance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Bacon
- Center for Health Communications Research, Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Lawrence An
- Center for Health Communications Research, Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
- Division of General Medicine, School of Medicine University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Penny Yang
- Center for Health Communications Research, Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Sarah Hawley
- Center for Health Communications Research, Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
- Division of General Medicine, School of Medicine University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
- Veterans Affairs Center for Clinical Management Research, Veterans Affairs Ann Arbor Healthcare System, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
- Department of Health Behavior and Health Education, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - M Lee Van Horn
- Department of Individual, Family, and Community, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, United States
| | - Ken Resnicow
- Center for Health Communications Research, Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
- Department of Health Behavior and Health Education, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
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Mubarak S, A'aqoulah A, AlGhawrie H, Albalas S, Innab N. Assessing the acceptability of COVID-19 vaccine and its booster dose. Immun Inflamm Dis 2023; 11:e950. [PMID: 37773710 PMCID: PMC10521373 DOI: 10.1002/iid3.950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19) vaccinations are essential to control the pandemic and prevent severe COVID-19 infections. This study aims to assess the acceptability of the COVID-19 vaccine and the factors that impact the intention to take the COVID-19 vaccine and its booster dose. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted in Saudi Arabia and Jordan. The study used a self-administered web-based survey (questionnaire) for data collection that was distributed via social media platforms from May 2022 to July 2022. RESULTS In this study, among 518 participants, 54.4% had already received two doses of the COVID-19 vaccine, and out of the participants who didn't receive the booster dose, 19.9% declared a definite willingness to receive it, while 42% had already taken a booster dose, which indicated good acceptance. After adjustment for significant background characteristics, a significant association between the country and receiving the COVID-19 vaccine, the intention to get the vaccine, and infection with COVID-19 were found, in addition to a significant association between the country and the participants' opinion that electronic applications helped them to follow their vaccine schedule were found (p < .001). Also, the results showed that participants' attitudes were significantly associated with educational level and age groups (p ≤ .001, p = .032, respectively). There was a significant association between the intention to receive the vaccine booster dose and the country (p < .001). The Saudi participants were willing to get the booster dose seven times more than the Jordanians, furthermore, there was a significant association between taking the vaccine booster dose in the country, as well as age group, working in the medical field, previous COVID-19 infection, and the intention to vaccinate the children (p < .001, p = .030, .031, .025, < .001, respectively). CONCLUSION Overall, our results emphasize a positive response and a positive attitude toward COVID-19 vaccination. In addition, define the groups to be targeted with effective communication regarding the COVID-19 vaccine and its booster dose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sawsan Mubarak
- Infection Control Program, King Hussein Cancer Center, Amman, Jordan
| | - Ashraf A'aqoulah
- Department of Health Systems Management, College of Public Health and Health Informatics, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hadeel AlGhawrie
- Infection Control Program, King Hussein Cancer Center, Amman, Jordan
| | - Samir Albalas
- Department of Health Services Administration, Faculty of Economics and Administrative Sciences, Yarmouk University, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Nisreen Innab
- Department of Computer Science and Information Systems, College of Applied Sciences, AlMaarefa University, Saudi Arabia
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Kherfan T, Sallam M. Prospective Attitudes towards Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) Vaccination: Validation of a Survey Instrument among Young Females in Jordan Pending Vaccine Authorization. Vaccines (Basel) 2023; 11:1386. [PMID: 37631954 PMCID: PMC10459998 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines11081386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/28/2023] Open
Abstract
In May 2023, the U.S. FDA advisors endorsed Pfizer's pregnancy-administered vaccine (branded ABRYSVO) to protect infants from respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection. Vaccination can reduce the burden of RSV-related respiratory disease, with previous studies showing its substantial medical and financial burden in Jordan. However, pregnant women may exhibit hesitancy to get vaccinated due to concerns about potential risks to themselves or their fetuses. This study aimed to assess the acceptance of the RSV vaccine among young females and identify the determinants influencing their decision using a newly constructed instrument. A survey instrument was developed and validated, comprising 26 items to measure RSV vaccine acceptance. A cross-sectional study design was employed, with data collection from a sample of females aged 18 to 45 residing in Jordan during 5-6 July 2023, using a convenient approach via an online distributed questionnaire. The final study sample comprised 315 respondents, with 67.6% who have heard of RSV before the study. If the vaccine was safe, effective, and provided freely, 70.2% showed willingness to get the RSV vaccine, 15.2% resisted, and 14.6% were hesitant. Principal component analysis identified six internally consistent sub-scales with the following suggested themes: Advice, Burden, Conspiracy, Dangers, Efficiency, and Fear, comprising 21 items collectively as assigned as the "ABCDEF" scale for RSV vaccine acceptance. RSV vaccine acceptance in this study was associated with the advice and fear constructs. The validated survey instrument successfully captured important determinants of RSV vaccine acceptance among young females. RSV vaccine promotion efforts should focus on the following: enhancing vaccine education, improving trust in healthcare institutions and providers, reducing burdens through resolving cost issues and focusing on the role of social support, addressing safety concerns, and tailoring communication strategies to effectively promote the benefits of the vaccine. These insights can inform public health policies and interventions aiming to promote RSV vaccination and mitigate the burden of RSV-related diseases among infants. Follow-up studies are recommended with pregnant women as the target group to assess their attitude towards RSV vaccination and to confirm the validity of the conceived ABCDEF survey instrument.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tleen Kherfan
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Forensic Medicine, School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan
| | - Malik Sallam
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Forensic Medicine, School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan
- Department of Clinical Laboratories and Forensic Medicine, Jordan University Hospital, Amman 11942, Jordan
- Department of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, 22184 Malmö, Sweden
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Sheikh NS, Touseef M, Sultan R, Cheema KH, Cheema SS, Sarwar A, Siddique HZ. Understanding COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in Pakistan: The paradigm of confidence, convenience, and complacency; A cross-sectional study. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0289678. [PMID: 37585457 PMCID: PMC10431607 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0289678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Vaccine hesitancy is a big obstacle for vaccination programs, as is anticipated for the COVID-19 vaccination program, resulting in low uptake of vaccines thereby hindering the process of reaching herd immunity. Bearing this in mind the current study was aimed to explore the determinants of vaccine hesitancy amongst the Pakistani population. METHODOLOGY A cross-sectional study was carried out from November 2020 to March 2021. The conceptual framework of the study was based on the 3Cs (Confidence, Convenience, Complacency) model. The google-forms-based questionnaire was disseminated amongst the general population. Data collected were entered into SPSS version 26 and analyzed. RESULTS Of the 421 participants, 68.4% were women. Non-healthcare workers were 55.8% of respondents. Of vaccine-hesitant individuals, 26.13% reported they were very unlikely to get vaccinated. Perception of COVID-19 vaccine was explored, which revealed 12.6% of individuals agreed the vaccine was not safe as it came out too fast, 50.6% were worried about experiencing side-effects, 18% believed the vaccine will not offer protection and 5.9% believed the vaccine would cause death. Low Practice of standard operating procedure (SOP) in non-Healthcare workers was the strongest contributor to vaccine hesitancy (OR: 5.338, p = 0.040, 95% CI: 1.082-26.330) followed by High complacency (p = 0.026) and Moderate Complacency (OR: 0.212, p = 0.007, 95% CI: 0.069-0.654) towards COVID-19 vaccination. In Healthcare workers the strongest contributor to vaccine hesitancy was having a Moderate Confidence (OR: 0.323, p = 0.042, 95% CI: 0.109-0.958) in the vaccine followed by Moderate Convenience (OR: 0.304, p = 0.049, 95% CI: 0.093-0.993) for vaccination. CONCLUSION Campaigning and communication strategies to reaffirm confidence in the COVID-19 vaccine and educating the general population about the vaccine could lead to increased perception of vaccine safety and effectiveness thereby restoring confidence in vaccine and decreasing vaccine hesitancy. Likewise, working to increase vaccine convenience and decreasing complacency towards the COVID-19 vaccine would translate into high vaccine uptake. MESH WORDS Vaccine hesitancy; vaccination intention, COVID-19 vaccine, vaccine confidence, complacency, convenience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naveen Siddique Sheikh
- Department of Pathology, CMH Lahore Medical College and Institute of Dentistry (NUMS), Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Mumtaz Touseef
- Department of Pathology, CMH Lahore Medical College and Institute of Dentistry (NUMS), Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Riddah Sultan
- Department of Pathology, CMH Lahore Medical College and Institute of Dentistry (NUMS), Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Kanwal Hassan Cheema
- Department of Pathology, CMH Lahore Medical College and Institute of Dentistry (NUMS), Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Sidra Shafiq Cheema
- Department of Pathology, CMH Lahore Medical College and Institute of Dentistry (NUMS), Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Afia Sarwar
- Department of Pathology, CMH Lahore Medical College and Institute of Dentistry (NUMS), Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Haniya Zainab Siddique
- Institute of Environmental Science and Engineering (IESE), National University Of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad, Islamabad Capital Territory, Pakistan
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Salam M, Honein-AbouHaidar G. Determinants of influenza and COVID-19 vaccine intent or uptake in Lebanon: a scoping review of the literature. BMC Infect Dis 2023; 23:511. [PMID: 37544988 PMCID: PMC10404373 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-023-08478-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vaccination is essential to protect from influenza and recently from COVID-19, yet uptake in Lebanon is suboptimal. Several factors determine uptake including knowledge, attitude and policies. We conducted a scoping review of the literature to explore the determinants of influenza and COVID-19 vaccine intent or uptake in Lebanon. METHODS Following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) guidelines, thirty one peer reviewed studies indexed in six databases Pub Med, EMBASE, Scopus, CINAHL, Medline, and the Cochrane Library were screened. Two students, a senior Librarian and an Associate Professor in nursing searched for eligible studies. The library search strategy followed a combination of three broad concepts (viral influenzas; vaccines; Lebanon). The search timeframe was up till December 31, 2022. Determinants of influenza and COVID-19 vaccine intent or uptake were categorized following the constructs of the Theory of Planned Behavior. RESULTS Nine studies investigated influenza vaccine intent or uptake among the public community, parents and healthcare workers. Twenty one studies investigated COVID-19 vaccine intent or uptake among the public community, older refugees, university students, patients with cancer, dentists, and social media users. One study investigated both types of vaccines. A conceptual model of the determinants of vaccine intent and uptake within the Lebanese context was developed. Various determinants included environmental factors, norms, knowledge, perceptions, attitudes, past experiences, behavioral control and hesitancy. CONCLUSIONS Research on vaccine intent and uptake in Lebanon is still in its infancy, while that of COVID-19 is on the rise. Multifaceted reasons behind the low vaccination rates were observed yet few attempts were made to target vulnerable groups. Further research studies are needed to target vulnerable groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud Salam
- Rafic Hariri School of Nursing, American University of Beirut, P.O. Box 11-0236, Beirut, 1107 2020, Lebanon
| | - Gladys Honein-AbouHaidar
- Rafic Hariri School of Nursing, American University of Beirut, P.O. Box 11-0236, Beirut, 1107 2020, Lebanon.
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Alimoradi Z, Sallam M, Jafari E, Potenza MN, Pakpour AH. Prevalence of COVID-19 vaccine acceptance among migrant and refugee groups: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Vaccine X 2023; 14:100308. [PMID: 37223070 PMCID: PMC10163798 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvacx.2023.100308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives Understanding COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy among migrant and refugee groups is critical for achieving vaccine equity. Therefore, we aimed to estimate the prevalence of COVID-19 vaccine acceptance among migrant and refugee populations. Methods A systematic review (PROSPERO: CRD42022333337) was conducted (December 2019-July 2022) using PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, ProQuest and Google Scholar. Results Nineteen studies from 12 countries were included. The pooled estimated prevalence of COVID-19 vaccine willingness among migrant and refugee groups was 70% (19 studies, 95% CI: 62.3-77.4%, I2: 99.19%, τ2: 0.03). Female and male participants did not differ significantly with each other (p = 0.64). Although no individual variable contributed statistically significantly in multivariable meta-regression analysis, the multivariable model that considered methodological quality, mean age of participants, participant group and country of origin explained 67% of variance. Discussion Proportions of migrant/refugee groups receiving COVID-19 vaccinations approximated those observed among general populations. Additional studies are needed to examine factors relating to vaccine willingness to identify the most significant factors that may be targeted in interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zainab Alimoradi
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Research Institute for Prevention of Non-Communicable Diseases, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
| | - Malik Sallam
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Forensic Medicine, School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
- Department of Clinical Laboratories and Forensic Medicine, Jordan University Hospital, Amman, Jordan
- Department of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Elahe Jafari
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Research Institute for Prevention of Non-Communicable Diseases, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
| | - Marc N. Potenza
- Departments of Psychiatry and Neuroscience and the Child Study Center and Wu Tsai Institute, Yale School of Medicine / Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
- Connecticut Mental Health Center, New Haven, CT, USA
- Connecticut Council on Problem Gambling, Wethersfield, CT, USA
| | - Amir H. Pakpour
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Research Institute for Prevention of Non-Communicable Diseases, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
- Department of Nursing, School of Health and Welfare, Jönköping University, Jönköping, Sweden
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Alam Z, Mohamed S, Nauman J, Al-Rifai RH, Ahmed LA, Elbarazi I. Hesitancy toward vaccination against COVID-19: A scoping review of prevalence and associated factors in the Arab world. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2023; 19:2245720. [PMID: 37594508 PMCID: PMC10443971 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2023.2245720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite widespread availability of vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 virus, the cause of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), its uptake in many Arab countries is relatively low. This literature review aimed to scope evidence on COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy (VH) in the Arab world. A total of 134 articles reporting prevalence of COVID-19 VH and associated factors, conducted in any of the 22 Arab League countries, were reviewed. COVID-19 VH prevalence ranged from 5.4% to 83.0%. Female gender, young age, low education level and lack of previous influenza vaccine uptake were most commonly reported to be associated with COVID-19 VH. The most-reported personal concerns contributing toward VH were related to the rapid development, safety and side effects of vaccine, as well as an overall lack of trust in government policies toward pandemic control and widespread conspiracy theories. Tailored interventions to enable the distribution of trusted information and enhance public acceptance of immunization are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zufishan Alam
- Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Salma Mohamed
- Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Javaid Nauman
- Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- Healthy Living for Pandemic Event Protection (HL-PIVOT) Network, College of Applied Health Sciences, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Rami H. Al-Rifai
- Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Luai A. Ahmed
- Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
- Zayed Centre for Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Iffat Elbarazi
- Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
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Molaeipour L, Hajebi A, Janani L, Salehi M, Taghdisi MH, Nazari-Kangavari H, Esmailzadehha N, Varse F, Pourattar N, Motevalian SA. Monitoring the COVID-19 Vaccine Acceptance Trend and its Determinants Among Iranian Adults. ARCHIVES OF IRANIAN MEDICINE 2023; 26:427-433. [PMID: 38301104 PMCID: PMC10685739 DOI: 10.34172/aim.2023.65] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vaccination seems to be the most critical means of halting the COVID-19 pandemic. It is crucial to understand the factors that influence COVID-19 vaccine acceptance to avoid low vaccination rates. This study intended to monitor the COVID-19 vaccine acceptance and its association with socio-demographic factors and prior diagnosis of COVID-19 in Iranian adults during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS The study utilized data from the COVID-19 Population Survey of Iran (COPSIR), a repeated national survey designed to monitor COVID-19-related behavioral insights. From April 2020 to November 2021, thirteen iterations of a series of cross-sectional studies involving computer-assisted telephone interviews were conducted. RESULTS The COVID-19 vaccine acceptance rate remained above 80% until the ninth wave in February 2021, when it dropped to 62.9%. However, throughout the next four surveys, it rose gradually from 72.0% to 85.7%. The multilevel regression model revealed that the COVID-19 vaccine acceptance was significantly and positively linked with age and education. CONCLUSION Despite the relatively high COVID-19 vaccine acceptance rate among Iranian adults, after the emergence of vaccines on the global market and controversies about their safety in Iran, the initially high vaccine acceptance rate dropped significantly, and then increased over time and returned to its peak level (85%). According to the Commodity Theory, this rise in vaccine acceptance can be attributed to the COVID-19 vaccine shortage in the country between January and July 2022. For Iranian adults to accept vaccines more readily, health promotion programs should target the youth and the less literate adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leila Molaeipour
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ahmad Hajebi
- Research Center for Addiction and Risky Behaviors (ReCARB), Psychosocial Health Research Institute (PHRI), Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Leila Janani
- Imperial Clinical Trials Unit, School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Masoud Salehi
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hossein Taghdisi
- Public Health Department, Faculty of Health and Medical Engineering, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hajar Nazari-Kangavari
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Neda Esmailzadehha
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Varse
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nasrin Pourattar
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Abbas Motevalian
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Research Center for Addiction and Risky Behaviors (ReCARB), Psychosocial Health Research Institute (PHRI), Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Salazar-Fernández C, Baeza-Rivera MJ, Manríquez-Robles D, Salinas-Oñate N, Sallam M. From Conspiracy to Hesitancy: The Longitudinal Impact of COVID-19 Vaccine Conspiracy Theories on Perceived Vaccine Effectiveness. Vaccines (Basel) 2023; 11:1150. [PMID: 37514966 PMCID: PMC10386435 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines11071150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 06/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The embrace of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine conspiracies has been linked to vaccine hesitancy. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between COVID-19 vaccine conspiracy theories and perceived vaccine effectiveness. The study utilized a longitudinal follow-up study in which adults in Chile completed surveys in December 2020 (T1) and May 2021 (T2). The psychometric properties of the five-item instrument on conspiracy theories for the COVID-19 vaccine were evaluated using data from T1 (n = 578). A confirmatory one-factor structure with suitable indicators of reliability was found. The longitudinal analysis (n = 292) revealed that conspiracy theories about the COVID-19 vaccine in T1 were associated with lower beliefs in its effectiveness in T2. However, no significant association was found between beliefs in effectiveness in T1 and conspiracy theories in T2. The study suggests that beliefs in conspiracy theories may temporally precede beliefs in vaccine effectiveness for COVID-19. The results have implications for strategies to address vaccine conspiracy beliefs and their implementation at the public policy level.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - María José Baeza-Rivera
- Laboratorio de Interacciones, Cultura y Salud, Departamento de Psicología, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Católica de Temuco, Temuco 4810101, Chile
| | - Diego Manríquez-Robles
- Laboratorio de Interacciones, Cultura y Salud, Departamento de Psicología, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Católica de Temuco, Temuco 4810101, Chile
| | - Natalia Salinas-Oñate
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Education, Social Sciences and Humanities, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811322, Chile
| | - Malik Sallam
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Forensic Medicine, School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan
- Department of Clinical Laboratories and Forensic Medicine, Jordan University Hospital, Amman 11942, Jordan
- Department of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, 22184 Malmö, Sweden
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Sookaromdee P, Wiwanitkti V. Vaccine Hesitancy: A Contemporary Issue for New COVID-19 Vaccination. Int J Prev Med 2023; 14:72. [PMID: 37855018 PMCID: PMC10580183 DOI: 10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_56_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Viroj Wiwanitkti
- Department of Community Medicine, Dr. DY Patil University, Pune, Maharashtra, India
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Rahayuwati L, Mutyara K, Nugraha RR, Khatiwada M, Dochez C, Kartasasmita C. COVID-19 Vaccine Perspective Among University Lecturers and Students: A Qualitative Study of Pre Implementation of Vaccination. J Multidiscip Healthc 2023; 16:1619-1629. [PMID: 37325125 PMCID: PMC10266379 DOI: 10.2147/jmdh.s416123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The determinants of vaccine preferences and hesitancy varied by time and place. Objective The aim of this study was to assess the perspective of a COVID-19 vaccine among university-based groups. Methodology This qualitative research involved lecturers and students, and a selection of online focused group discussion was conducted based on the following criteria, including representatives of the health and non-health faculties, with at least 8 attendees in lecturer groups, and 8 participants in student groups. Results This study is described in 8 themes covering various issues about COVID-19 vaccine, such as views on COVID-19 vaccine, fake news, vaccine implementation by government. Conclusion The assessment of vaccine perspective shows that although awaited by some people, it also creates contradictions. This is due to the massive amount of information available regarding the vaccine descriptions. The role of the government as the main policy maker is to provide the right information and to make the right decisions about vaccines and vaccination implementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laili Rahayuwati
- Department of Community Health Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, 45363, Indonesia
| | - Kuswandewi Mutyara
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, 45363, Indonesia
| | | | - Madan Khatiwada
- Network for Education and Support in Immunisation (NESI), University of Antwerp, Antwerp, 2610, Belgium
| | - Carine Dochez
- Network for Education and Support in Immunisation (NESI), University of Antwerp, Antwerp, 2610, Belgium
| | - Cissy Kartasasmita
- Department of Pediatric, Hasan Sadikin Hospital, Bandung, 40161, Indonesia
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Nyamuryekung'e KK, Amour M, Mboya I, Ndumwa H, Kengia J, Njiro BJ, Mhamilawa L, Shayo E, Ngalesoni F, Kapologwe N, Kalolo A, Metta E, Msuya S. Health care workers' self-perceived infection risk and COVID-19 vaccine uptake: A mixed methods study. PLOS GLOBAL PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 3:e0001223. [PMID: 37285332 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgph.0001223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Vaccination is the most cost-effective way of preventing Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) although there was a considerable delay in its institution in Tanzania. This study assessed health care workers' (HCWs) self-perceived infection risk and uptake of COVID-19 vaccines. A concurrent embedded, mixed methods design was utilized to collect data among HCWs in seven Tanzanian regions. Quantitative data was collected using a validated, pre-piloted, interviewer administered questionnaire whereas in-depth interviews (IDIs) and focus group discussions (FGDs) gathered qualitative data. Descriptive analyses were performed while chi-square test and logistic regression were used to test for associations across categories. Thematic analysis was used to analyze the qualitative data. A total of 1,368 HCWs responded to the quantitative tool, 26 participated in the IDIs and 74 in FGDs. About half of the HCW (53.6%) reported to have been vaccinated and three quarters (75.5%) self-perceived to be at a high risk of acquiring COVID-19 infection. High perceived infection risk was associated with increased COVID-19 vaccine uptake (OR 1.535). Participants perceived that the nature of their work and the working environment in the health facilities increased their infection risk. Limited availability and use of personal protective equipment (PPE) was reported to elevate the perceived infection risks. Participants in the oldest age group and from low and mid-level health care facilities had higher proportions with a high-risk perception of acquiring COVID-19 infection. Only about half of the HCWs reported to be vaccinated albeit the majority recounted higher perception of risk to contracting COVID-19 due to their working environment, including limited availability and use of PPE. Efforts to address heightened perceived-risks should include improving the working environment, availability of PPE and continue updating HCWs on the benefits of COVID-19 vaccine to limit their infection risks and consequent transmission to their patients and public.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kasusu Klint Nyamuryekung'e
- Department of Community Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
| | - Maryam Amour
- Department of Community Health, School of Public Health and Social Sciences, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
| | - Innocent Mboya
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Public Health, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical University College, Moshi, Tanzania
- Community Health Department, Institute of Public Health, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical University College, Moshi, Tanzania
| | - Harrieth Ndumwa
- Department of Community Health, School of Public Health and Social Sciences, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
| | - James Kengia
- Presidents Office Regional Administration and Local Government, Dodoma, Tanzania
| | - Belinda J Njiro
- Department of Community Health, School of Public Health and Social Sciences, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
| | - Lwidiko Mhamilawa
- Department of Parasitology and Medical Entomology, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, International Maternal and Child Health (IMCH), Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Elizabeth Shayo
- National Institute for Medical Research, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
| | | | - Ntuli Kapologwe
- Presidents Office Regional Administration and Local Government, Dodoma, Tanzania
| | - Albino Kalolo
- Department of Public Health, St. Francis University College of Health and Allied Sciences, Morogoro, Tanzania
| | - Emmy Metta
- Department of Behavioral Sciences, School of Public Health and Social Sciences, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
| | - Sia Msuya
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Public Health, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical University College, Moshi, Tanzania
- Community Health Department, Institute of Public Health, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical University College, Moshi, Tanzania
- Department of Community Medicine, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre, Moshi, Tanzania
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Hajissa K, Mutiat HA, Kaabi NA, Alissa M, Garout M, Alenezy AA, Almaghrabi RH, Alrasheed HA, Al-Subaie MF, Alhani HM, Alshehri AA, Almazni IA, Alqahtani AS, Bahwerth FS, Alqethami NH, Alzayer AA, Rabaan AA. COVID-19 Vaccine Acceptance and Hesitancy among Migrants, Refugees, and Foreign Workers: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Vaccines (Basel) 2023; 11:1070. [PMID: 37376459 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines11061070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite the effectiveness of current vaccines in reducing the spread and severity of SARS-CoV-2 infections, many people, including migrants, refugees, and foreign workers, are hesitant to be vaccinated. This systematic review and meta-analysis (SRMA) was conducted to determine the pooled prevalence estimate of the acceptance and hesitancy rates of the COVID-19 vaccine among these populations. A comprehensive search of the peer-reviewed literature indexed in PubMed, Scopus, Science Direct, and Web of Science databases was conducted. Initially, 797 potential records were identified, of which 19 articles met the inclusion criteria. A meta-analysis of proportions using data from 14 studies revealed that the overall acceptance rate of COVID vaccination among 29,152 subjects was 56.7% (95% CI: 44.9-68.5%), while the prevalence of vaccine hesitancy among 26,154 migrants reported in 12 studies was estimated to be 31.7% (95% CI: 44.9-68.5%). The acceptance rate for the COVID-19 vaccination first declined from 77.3% in 2020 to 52.9% in 2021 and then slightly increased to 56.1% in 2022. The most frequent factors influencing vaccine hesitancy were worries about vaccine efficacy and safety. Intensive vaccination campaigns should be implemented to raise vaccination awareness among migrants, which will increase the acceptance rate for the COVID-19 vaccine and result in herd immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khalid Hajissa
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Omdurman Islamic University, Omdurman 14415, Sudan
| | - Hammed-Akanmu Mutiat
- Department of Biomedicine, School of Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Nawal Al Kaabi
- Sheikh Khalifa Medical City, Abu Dhabi Health Services Company (SEHA), Abu Dhabi 51900, United Arab Emirates
- College of Medicine and Health Science, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi 127788, United Arab Emirates
| | - Mohammed Alissa
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Garout
- Department of Community Medicine and Health Care for Pilgrims, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Anood A Alenezy
- Laboratory Department, Johns Hopkins Aramco Healthcare, Dhahran 31311, Saudi Arabia
- Collage of Medicine, Dar AlUloom University, Riyadh 13314, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rana H Almaghrabi
- Pediatric Department, Prince Sultan Medical Military City, Riyadh 12233, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hayam A Alrasheed
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, Princess Norah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
- Pharmacy Department, King Abdullah Bin Abdulaziz University Hospital, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maha F Al-Subaie
- Research Center, Dr. Sulaiman Alhabib Medical Group, Riyadh 13328, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Dr. Sulaiman Alhabib Medical Group, Riyadh 13328, Saudi Arabia
- College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh 11533, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hatem M Alhani
- Department of Pediatric Infectious Disease, Maternity and Children Hospital, Dammam 31176, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Infection Control, Maternity and Children Hospital, Dammam 31176, Saudi Arabia
- Preventive Medicine and Infection Prevention and Control Department, Directorate of Ministry of Health, Dammam 32245, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmad A Alshehri
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Najran University, Najran 61441, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ibrahim Abdullah Almazni
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Najran University, Najran 61441, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali S Alqahtani
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha 61481, Saudi Arabia
| | | | | | - Amal A Alzayer
- Nursing Department, Erhadah Psychiatric & Mental health, Dammam 31422, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali A Rabaan
- College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh 11533, Saudi Arabia
- Molecular Diagnostic Laboratory, Johns Hopkins Aramco Healthcare, Dhahran 31311, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Public Health and Nutrition, The University of Haripur, Haripur 22610, Pakistan
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49
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Salah H, Sinan I, Alsamani O, Abdelghani LS, ElLithy MH, Bukamal N, Jawad H, Hussein RRS, Elgendy MO, Rabie ASI, Khalil DM, Said ASA, AlAhmad MM, Khodary A. COVID-19 Booster Doses: A Multi-Center Study Reflecting Healthcare Providers' Perceptions. Vaccines (Basel) 2023; 11:1061. [PMID: 37376450 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines11061061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: During 2019, the COVID-19 pandemic was threatening healthcare services and workers, and acquiring immunity was an option to stop or limit the burden of this pandemic. Herd immunity was a top priority worldwide as the virus was spreading rapidly. It was estimated that 67% of the total global population should be immunized against COVID-19 to achieve herd immunity. The aim of the current study is to investigate different perceptions of healthcare workers in the Kingdom of Bahrain and Egypt using an online survey in an attempt to evaluate their awareness and concerns regarding new variants and booster doses. (2) Methods: This study conducted a survey on healthcare workers in the Kingdom of Bahrain and Egypt about their perception and concerns on the COVID-19 vaccines. (3) Results: The study found that out of 389 healthcare workers 46.1% of the physicians were not willing to take the booster doses (p = 0.004). Physicians also did not support taking the COVID-19 vaccine as an annual vaccine (p = 0.04). Furthermore, to assess the association between the type of vaccine taken with the willingness of taking a booster vaccine, healthcare workers beliefs on vaccine effectiveness (p = 0.001), suspension or contact with patients (p = 0.000), and infection after COVID-19 vaccination (p = 0.016) were significant. (4) Conclusion: Knowledge about vaccine accreditation and regulation should be dispersed more widely to ensure that the population has a positive perception on vaccine safety and effectiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hager Salah
- Pharmaceutical Services Department, King Hamad University Hospital, Al Sayh 24343, Bahrain
| | - Israa Sinan
- Education and Proficiency Centre, King Hamad University Hospital, Al Sayh 24343, Bahrain
| | - Omar Alsamani
- Pharmaceutical Services Department, King Hamad University Hospital, Al Sayh 24343, Bahrain
- Pharmacy Program, Allied Health Department, College of Health Sciences, University of Bahrain, Manama 32038, Bahrain
| | | | - May Hassan ElLithy
- Pharmaceutical Services Department, King Hamad University Hospital, Al Sayh 24343, Bahrain
| | - Nazar Bukamal
- Cardiothoracic ICU and Anesthesia Department, Mohammed Bin Khalifa Specialist Cardiac Center, Awali 183261, Bahrain
| | - Huda Jawad
- Allied Health Department, College of Health Sciences, University of Bahrain, Manama 32038, Bahrain
| | - Raghda R S Hussein
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62521, Egypt
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, October 6 University, 6th October City 12511, Egypt
| | - Marwa O Elgendy
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Nahda University (NUB), Beni-Suef 62521, Egypt
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University Hospitals, Faculty of Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62521, Egypt
| | - Al Shaimaa Ibrahim Rabie
- Clinical Pharmacy Department, Faiyum Oncology Center, Fayium 63511, Egypt
- Clinical Nutrition Department, Fayium Health Insurance Authority, Fayium 63511, Egypt
| | - Doaa Mahmoud Khalil
- Public Health and Community Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62514, Egypt
| | - Amira S A Said
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62521, Egypt
- Clinical Pharmacy Department, College of Pharmacy, Al Ain University, Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 112612, United Arab Emirates
| | - Mohammad M AlAhmad
- Clinical Pharmacy Department, College of Pharmacy, Al Ain University, Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 112612, United Arab Emirates
| | - Azza Khodary
- Mental Health Department, Faculty of Education, Helwan University, Helwan 11795, Egypt
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50
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Adusei-Mensah F, Isiozor NM, Kingdom DL, Oduro KJ, Okolie CJ. Boosting COVID-19 vaccine inoculation and booster shots: a systematic review and meta-analysis of factors that influence Coronavirus vaccine uptake in practice. Afr Health Sci 2023; 23:3-22. [PMID: 38223628 PMCID: PMC10782355 DOI: 10.4314/ahs.v23i2.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Vaccines alone do not control pandemics, but vaccinations. The hope of COVID-19 pandemic control is hinged on vaccinations and other public health measures. This systematic review/meta-analysis (SR/MA) investigated the factors that inform coronavirus vaccine uptake globally in an attempt to improve COVID-19 immunization. Method The PRISMA 2020 methodology was used for this review. A total of 2902 articles were identified from electronic databases and other sources. After screening, 33 articles were included in the review and quantitative meta-analysis. Comprehensive meta-analysis software version 3 was used for the meta-analysis. Results We observed that vaccine effectiveness, side effects and the proportion of acquaintances vaccinated significantly influenced respondents' COVID-19 immunization decision. Also, associations of vaccine effectiveness, smaller risks to serious side effects, free and voluntary vaccinations and fewer vaccine doses, and longer duration to wanning were observed. We also observed variations in vaccine hesitancy trends in studies carried out in Asia, Europe, America, and Africa. Conclusion Wanning and acquaintance's vaccination status as factors to vaccination are insights the present paper is bringing to the limelight. Health promotion and COVID-19 vaccination planning are crucial for enhancing vaccine uptake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank Adusei-Mensah
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
- Public Health and Medicine Research Group, Center for Multidisciplinary Research and Innovation, Jyvaskyla, Finland
| | - Nzechukwu Michael Isiozor
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - David Lekpa Kingdom
- Public Health and Medicine Research Group, Center for Multidisciplinary Research and Innovation, Jyvaskyla, Finland
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria
| | - Kennedy Jeff Oduro
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Cape Coast Teaching Hospital, Cape Coast, Ghana
| | - Chukwuma John Okolie
- Public Health and Medicine Research Group, Center for Multidisciplinary Research and Innovation, Jyvaskyla, Finland
- Department of Surveying and Geoinformatics, Faculty of Engineering, University of Lagos, Nigeria
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