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Radosavljevic T, Vukicevic D, Djuretić J, Gopcevic K, Labudovic Borovic M, Stankovic S, Samardzic J, Radosavljevic M, Vucevic D, Jakovljevic V. The Role of Macrophage Inhibitory Factor in TAA-Induced Liver Fibrosis in Mice: Modulatory Effects of Betaine. Biomedicines 2024; 12:1337. [PMID: 38927544 PMCID: PMC11201963 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12061337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2024] [Revised: 06/02/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Macrophage inhibitory factor (MIF) is a multipotent cytokine, involved in the inflammatory response to infections or injuries. This study investigates the role of MIF in liver fibrosis and the modulating effect of betaine on MIF in thioacetamide (TAA)-induced liver fibrosis. The wild-type and knockout MIF-/- C57BL/6 mice were divided into the following groups: control; Bet group, which received betaine; MIF-/-; MIF-/-+Bet; TAA group, which received TAA; TAA+Bet; MIF-/-+TAA; and MIF-/-+TAA+Bet group. After eight weeks of treatment, liver tissue was collected for further analysis. The results revealed that TAA-treated MIF-deficient mice had elevated levels of hepatic TGF-β1 and PDGF-BB, as well as MMP-2, MMP-9, and TIMP-1 compared to TAA-treated wild-type mice. However, the administration of betaine to TAA-treated MIF-deficient mice reduced hepatic TGF-β1 and PDGF-BB levels and also the relative activities of MMP-2, MMP-9 and TIMP-1, albeit less effectively than in TAA-treated mice without MIF deficiency. Furthermore, the antifibrogenic effect of MIF was demonstrated by an increase in MMP2/TIMP1 and MMP9/TIMP1 ratios. The changes in the hepatic levels of fibrogenic factors were confirmed by a histological examination of liver tissue. Overall, the dual nature of MIF highlights its involvement in the progression of liver fibrosis. Its prooxidant and proinflammatory effects may exacerbate tissue damage and inflammation initially, but its antifibrogenic activity suggests a potential protective role against fibrosis development. The study showed that betaine modulates the antifibrogenic effects of MIF in TAA-induced liver fibrosis, by decreasing TGF-β1, PDGF-BB, MMP-2, MMP-9, TIMP-1, and the deposition of ECM (Coll1 and Coll3) in the liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatjana Radosavljevic
- Institute of Pathophysiology “Ljubodrag Buba Mihailović”, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia;
| | - Dusan Vukicevic
- Uniklinik Mannheim, Theodor-Kutyer-Ufer 1-3, 68167 Mannheim, Germany;
| | - Jasmina Djuretić
- Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia;
| | - Kristina Gopcevic
- Institute of Chemistry in Medicine “Prof. Dr. Petar Matavulj”, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia;
| | - Milica Labudovic Borovic
- Institute of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia;
| | - Sanja Stankovic
- Centre for Medical Biochemistry, University Clinical Centre of Serbia, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia;
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Svetozara Markovica 69, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia;
| | - Janko Samardzic
- Institute of Pharmacology, Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (J.S.); (M.R.)
| | - Milica Radosavljevic
- Institute of Pharmacology, Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (J.S.); (M.R.)
| | - Danijela Vucevic
- Institute of Pathophysiology “Ljubodrag Buba Mihailović”, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia;
| | - Vladimir Jakovljevic
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Svetozara Markovica 69, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia;
- Center of Excellence for the Study of Redox Balance in Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders, University of Kragujevac, Svetozara Markovica 69, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
- Department of Human Pathology, First Moscow State Medical University I.M. Sechenov, Trubetskaya Street 8, Str. 2, 119991 Moscow, Russia
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Chen Z, Ma Y, Cai J, Sun M, Zeng L, Wu F, Zhang Y, Hu M. Serum biomarkers for liver fibrosis. Clin Chim Acta 2022; 537:16-25. [PMID: 36174721 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2022.09.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Revised: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Liver fibrosis is a common pathway in most chronic liver diseases, characterized by excessive extracellular matrix accumulation. Without treatment, fibrosis will ultimately result in cirrhosis, portal hypertension, and even liver failure. It is considered that liver fibrosis is reversible while cirrhosis is not, making it significant to diagnose and evaluate liver fibrogenesis timely. As the gold standard, liver biopsy is imperfect due to its invasiveness and sampling error. Therefore, attempts at uncovering noninvasive tests have become a hot topic in liver fibrosis. Nowadays, as an important category of noninvasive tests, serum biomarkers, which are safer, convenient, repeatable, and more acceptable, are widely discussed and commonly used in clinical practice. Serum biomarkers of liver fibrosis can be divided into class I (direct) and classⅡ (indirect) markers. However, the diagnostic efficiency still varies among studies. This article summarizes the most established and newly discovered serum biomarkers for hepatic fibrogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyang Chen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yichen Ma
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jingyao Cai
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Mei Sun
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ling Zeng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Fengxi Wu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yiru Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Min Hu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.
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3
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Lefeuvre C, Roux M, Blanchard S, Le Guillou-Guillemette H, Boursier J, Lunel-Fabiani F, Jeannin P, Pivert A, Ducancelle A. Analysis of hepatic fibrosis markers in the serum of chronic hepatitis B patients according to basal core promoter/precore mutants. Sci Rep 2022; 12:10261. [PMID: 35715541 PMCID: PMC9205978 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-14285-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The A1762T/G1764A double mutant in the basal core promoter (BCP) region of the hepatitis B virus (HBV) is associated with severe hepatic lesions while the G1899A mutation with the double mutant is associated with a significant reduction in the risk of severe fibrosis. This study aims to measure a number of markers in the serum of patients with chronic HBV infection and to assess relationships between these markers and BCP/precore mutants with consideration of the stage of fibrosis. The serum levels of resistin, TGF-β1, MMP-1, TIMP-1, collagen IA1 and PDGF-BB, which are markers that are known to be involved in the process of hepatic fibrosis, were assayed. The serum levels of PDGF-BB and TIMP-1, and the mutation profile were independently associated with advanced fibrosis. A higher level of TIMP-1 was associated with advanced fibrosis regardless of the mutation status, and a higher level of PDGF-BB was associated with nonsevere fibrosis in patients infected with viruses harboring the A1762T/G1764A or A1762T/G1764A/G1899A mutations. Our results suggest an impact of the A1762T/G1764A mutant on the biological pathway related to TGF-β1 and PDGF-BB. In vitro studies are needed to understand the impact of these mutants on the serum secretion of markers involved in fibrosis severity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marine Roux
- Univ Angers, HIFIH, SFR ICAT, F-49000, Angers, France
| | - Simon Blanchard
- Univ Angers, INSERM Unité 892, CNRS Unit 6299, F-49000, Angers, France
| | | | - Jérôme Boursier
- Univ Angers, CHU Angers, HIFIH, SFR ICAT, F-49000, Angers, France
| | | | - Pascale Jeannin
- Univ Angers, INSERM Unité 892, CNRS Unit 6299, F-49000, Angers, France
| | - Adeline Pivert
- Univ Angers, CHU Angers, HIFIH, SFR ICAT, F-49000, Angers, France
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4
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Modulation by 17,20S(OH) 2pD of Fibrosis-Related Mediators in Dermal Fibroblast Lines from Healthy Donors and from Patients with Systemic Sclerosis. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 23:ijms23010367. [PMID: 35008794 PMCID: PMC8745512 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23010367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Revised: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
We previously demonstrated that the non-calcemic pregnacalciferol (pD) analog 17,20S (OH)2pD suppressed TGF-β1-induced type I collagen production in cultured normal human dermal fibroblasts. In the present studies, we examined fibroblasts cultured from the lesional skin of patients with systemic sclerosis (scleroderma (SSc)) and assessed the effects of 17,20S(OH)2pD on fibrosis-related mediators. Dermal fibroblast lines were established from skin biopsies from patients with SSc and healthy controls. Fibroblasts were cultured with either 17,20S(OH)2pD or 1,25(OH)2D3 (positive control) with/without TGF-β1 stimulation and extracted for protein and/or mRNA for collagen synthesis and mediators of fibrosis (MMP-1, TIMP-1, PAI-1, BMP-7, PGES, GLI1, and GLI2). 1 7,20S(OH)2pD (similar to 1,25(OH)2D3) significantly suppressed net total collagen production in TGF-β1-stimulated normal donor fibroblast cultures and in cultures of SSc dermal fibroblasts. 17,20S(OH)2pD (similar to 1,25(OH)2D3) also increased MMP-1, BMP-7, and PGES and decreased TIMP-1 and PAI1 expression in SSc fibroblasts. Although 17,20S(OH)2pD had no effect on Gli1 or Gli2 in SSc fibroblasts, it increased Gli2 expression when cultured with TGF-β1 in normal fibroblasts. These studies demonstrated that 17,20S(OH)2pD modulates mediators of fibrosis to favor the reduction of fibrosis and may offer new noncalcemic secosteroidal therapeutic approaches for treating SSc and fibrosis.
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Kaur N, Goyal G, Garg R, Tapasvi C, Chawla S, Kaur R. Potential role of noninvasive biomarkers during liver fibrosis. World J Hepatol 2021; 13:1919-1935. [PMID: 35069998 PMCID: PMC8727215 DOI: 10.4254/wjh.v13.i12.1919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2021] [Revised: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Various types of liver disease exist, such as hepatitis and alcoholic liver disease. These liver diseases can result in scarring of liver tissue, cirrhosis, and finally liver failure. During liver fibrosis, there is an excess and disorganized accumulation of extracellular matrix (ECM) components which cause the loss of normal liver cell functions. For patients with chronic liver disease, fibrosis prediction is an essential part of the assessment and management. To diagnose liver fibrosis, several invasive and noninvasive markers have been proposed. However, the adoption of invasive markers remains limited due to their inherent characteristics and poor patient acceptance rate. In contrast, noninvasive markers can expedite the clinical decision through informed judgment about disease stage and prognosis. These noninvasive markers are classified into two types: Imaging techniques and serum biomarkers. However, the diagnostic values of biomarkers associated with liver fibrosis have also been analyzed. For example, the serum levels of ECM proteins can react to either matrix accumulation or degradation. During virus-host interactions, several regulatory steps take place to control gene expression, such as the change in cellular microRNA expression profiles. MicroRNAs are a class of non-coding RNAs (18-20 long nucleotides) that function by post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression. Although various noninvasive markers have been suggested in recent years, certain limitations have restricted their clinical applications. Understanding the potential of non-invasive biomarkers as a therapeutic option to treat liver fibrosis is still in progress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Navneet Kaur
- Department of Biochemistry, Guru Gobind Singh Medical College and Hospital, Baba Farid University of Health Sciences, Faridkot 151203, Punjab, India
| | - Gitanjali Goyal
- Department of Biochemistry, Guru Gobind Singh Medical College and Hospital, Baba Farid University of Health Sciences, Faridkot 151203, Punjab, India
| | - Ravinder Garg
- Department of Medicine, Guru Gobind Singh Medical College and Hospital, Baba Farid University of Health Sciences, Faridkot 151203, Punjab, India
| | - Chaitanya Tapasvi
- Department of Radiodiagnosis, Guru Gobind Singh Medical College and Hospital, Baba Farid University of Health Sciences, Faridkot 151203, Punjab, India
| | - Sonia Chawla
- Department of Biochemistry, Guru Gobind Singh Medical College and Hospital, Baba Farid University of Health Sciences, Faridkot 151203, Punjab, India
| | - Rajneet Kaur
- Department of Biochemistry, Guru Gobind Singh Medical College and Hospital, Baba Farid University of Health Sciences, Faridkot 151203, Punjab, India
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6
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Reichert D, Adolph L, Köhler JP, Buschmann T, Luedde T, Häussinger D, Kordes C. Improved Recovery from Liver Fibrosis by Crenolanib. Cells 2021; 10:804. [PMID: 33916518 PMCID: PMC8067177 DOI: 10.3390/cells10040804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Revised: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic liver diseases are associated with excessive deposition of extracellular matrix proteins. This so-called fibrosis can progress to cirrhosis and impair vital functions of the liver. We examined whether the receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) class III inhibitor Crenolanib affects the behavior of hepatic stellate cells (HSC) involved in fibrogenesis. Rats were treated with thioacetamide (TAA) for 18 weeks to trigger fibrosis. After TAA treatment, the animals received Crenolanib for two weeks, which significantly improved recovery from liver fibrosis. Because Crenolanib predominantly inhibits the RTK platelet-derived growth factor receptor-β, impaired HSC proliferation might be responsible for this beneficial effect. Interestingly, blocking of RTK signaling by Crenolanib not only hindered HSC proliferation but also triggered their specification into hepatic endoderm. Endodermal specification was mediated by p38 mitogen-activated kinase (p38 MAPK) and c-Jun-activated kinase (JNK) signaling; however, this process remained incomplete, and the HSC accumulated lipids. JNK activation was induced by stress response-associated inositol-requiring enzyme-1α (IRE1α) in response to Crenolanib treatment, whereas β-catenin-dependent WNT signaling was able to counteract this process. In conclusion, the Crenolanib-mediated inhibition of RTK impeded HSC proliferation and triggered stress responses, initiating developmental processes in HSC that might have contributed to improved recovery from liver fibrosis in TAA-treated rats.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Claus Kordes
- Clinic of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, Heinrich Heine University, Moorenstraße 5, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; (D.R.); (L.A.); (J.P.K.); (T.B.); (T.L.); (D.H.)
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7
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Sharawy MH, El-Awady MS, Makled MN. Protective effects of paclitaxel on thioacetamide-induced liver fibrosis in a rat model. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2021; 35:e22745. [PMID: 33749060 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.22745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2020] [Revised: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Liver fibrosis is a public health burden that is highly associated with morbidity and mortality. Therefore, this study aims to explore the anti-fibrotic effects of low dose of paclitaxel (PTX) against thioacetamide (TAA)-induced liver fibrosis in rats and the possible mechanisms involved. TAA was administered at a dose of 200 mg/kg twice weekly for 6 weeks in rats to induce liver fibrosis similar to that in humans. Liver dysfunction was shown by increased alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, and γ-glutamyl transferase, along with histopathological changes. Liver fibrosis was confirmed by Masson's Trichome staining, increased collagen content, and elevated α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) protein expression. In addition, TAA induced liver apoptosis as indicated by the increased terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL)-positive cells in liver tissues. This study demonstrated that the administration of PTX (0.3 mg/kg/i.p.) three times a week for 6 weeks significantly alleviated functional and biochemical changes induced by TAA in addition to improving the liver architecture. PTX attenuated liver fibrosis as reflected by the decreased collagen content and α-SMA protein expression. Additionally, PTX attenuated liver apoptosis as indicated by the decreased TUNEL-positive cells. Moreover, PTX prevented TAA-induced elevation of transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), platelet-derived growth factor-BB (PDGF-BB), and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 1 (TIMP-1) levels in liver tissues. These findings suggest that the low dose of PTX prevented TAA-induced liver fibrosis in rats, possibly by inhibiting the expression of TGF-β1 and PDGF-BB and subsequently suppressing the apoptosis and the expression of TIMP-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maha H Sharawy
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Mohammed S El-Awady
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.,Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Taibah University, Al-Madinah Al-Munawwarah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mirhan N Makled
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
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Mercedes R, Brown J, Minard C, Tsai CM, Devaraj S, Munden M, Leung D. A Liver Biopsy Validation Pilot Study of Shear Wave Elastography, APRI, FIB-4, and Novel Serum Biomarkers for Liver Fibrosis Staging in Children With Chronic Viral Hepatitis. Glob Pediatr Health 2020; 7:2333794X20938931. [PMID: 32821773 PMCID: PMC7412911 DOI: 10.1177/2333794x20938931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2020] [Revised: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
As liver biopsy in children poses inherent risks, noninvasive measures of liver fibrosis are needed. This was a cross-sectional, liver biopsy validation pilot study of 16 participants evaluating the ability of shear wave elastography, aspartate transaminase to platelet ratio index (APRI), fibrosis index based on the 4 factors, and novel serum biomarkers to stage liver fibrosis in children with chronic hepatitis B or C. There was very high intrasegmental shear wave speed variation in our participants and little correlation with fibrosis. APRI and monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP-1) were higher in fibrosis stage F2-3 versus F0-1 (P = .02, P = .06, respectively). Soluble Fas (sFas) was lower in F2-3 versus F0-1 (P = .046). A logistic regression analysis calculated by (APRI × MCP-1)/sFas demonstrated an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.92 (P < .001), suggesting that this combination can differentiate fibrosis stage F0-1 from F2-3 in children with chronic viral hepatitis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Cynthia M Tsai
- Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.,Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
| | | | - Marthe Munden
- Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Daniel Leung
- Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.,Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
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9
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Martín-González C, González-Navarrete L, Ribot-Hernández I, Vera-Delgado V, Alvisa-Negrín J, Godoy-Reyes A, Espelosín-Ortega E, Abreu-González P, González-Reimers E. Platelet-Derived Growth Factor C in Alcoholics. Alcohol Alcohol 2020; 55:157-163. [PMID: 31897468 DOI: 10.1093/alcalc/agz094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2019] [Revised: 08/27/2019] [Accepted: 09/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS Platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) promotes liver collagen deposition, acting on hepatic stellate cells. Despite this, low serum PDGF levels were reported in chronic hepatitis C or B infection, although some studies yield the opposite result. Since PDGF may be related not only to fibrosis but also with vascular, neuronal or muscle disease, it is important to analyze its behavior in alcoholics. METHODS In total, 17 controls and 62 alcoholic patients consecutively admitted to the hospitalization unit of the Internal Medicine Service were included. We determined serum levels of PDGF C, routine laboratory evaluation, tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-8 and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels. We analyzed the relationships between PDGF and liver function, ethanol intake and inflammatory reaction by both univariate and multivariate analysis to discern which variables PDGF levels depend on. RESULTS Serum PDGF levels were significantly lower among patients (675 ± 466 pg/ml) than among controls (1074 ± 337 pg/ml; Z = 3.70; P < 0.001), and even lower among cirrhotics (549 ± 412 among cirrhotics vs 778 ± 487 among non-cirrhotics; Z = 2.33; P = 0.02). PDGF levels showed a direct correlation with prothrombin activity (ρ = 0.50; P < 0.001), platelet count (ρ = 0.44; P < 0.001) and inverse ones with bilirubin (ρ = -0.39; P = 0.002), IL-6 (ρ = -0.33; P = 0.016), IL-8 (ρ = -0.47; P < 0.001), and MDA levels (ρ = -0.44; P < 0.001). By multivariate analysis, only prothrombin activity and platelet count were independently related to PDGF. CONCLUSION PDGF-C levels are decreased in alcoholics, especially among cirrhotics. Multivariate analysis discloses that only prothrombin activity and platelet count are independently related to PDGF-C levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Martín-González
- Servicio de Medicina Interna, Universidad de La Laguna, Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain
| | - L González-Navarrete
- Servicio de Medicina Interna, Universidad de La Laguna, Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain
| | - I Ribot-Hernández
- Servicio de Medicina Interna, Universidad de La Laguna, Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain
| | - V Vera-Delgado
- Servicio de Medicina Interna, Universidad de La Laguna, Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain
| | - J Alvisa-Negrín
- Servicio de Medicina Interna, Universidad de La Laguna, Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain
| | - A Godoy-Reyes
- Servicio de Medicina Interna, Universidad de La Laguna, Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain
| | - E Espelosín-Ortega
- Servicio de Laboratorio, Universidad de La Laguna, Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain
| | - P Abreu-González
- Departamento de Ciencias Médicas Básicas, Hospital Universitario de Canarias, Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain
| | - E González-Reimers
- Servicio de Medicina Interna, Universidad de La Laguna, Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain
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10
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Shiha G, Mousa N. Noninvasive Biomarkers for Liver Fibrosis. LIVER DISEASES 2020:427-441. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-24432-3_36] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
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11
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Haghgoo SM, Sharafi H, Alavian SM. Serum cytokines, adipokines and ferritin for non-invasive assessment of liver fibrosis in chronic liver disease: a systematic review. Clin Chem Lab Med 2019; 57:577-610. [PMID: 30231008 DOI: 10.1515/cclm-2018-0357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2018] [Accepted: 07/27/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Chronic liver disease (CLD) is a major health problem worldwide. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), chronic hepatitis C (CHC), chronic hepatitis B (CHB), and alcoholic liver disease (ALD) are the most common etiologies of CLD. Liver biopsy is the gold standard for assessment of liver fibrosis, however, it is an invasive method. This review attempts to evaluate the usefulness of serum adiponectin, serum leptin, serum ferritin, serum transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), and serum platelet derived growth factor-BB (PDGF-BB) as non-invasive markers in the diagnosis of liver fibrosis/cirrhosis. A systematic search in MEDLINE, Web of Science, Scopus, and local databases was performed to identify articles published in English or Persian as of November 2017. Studies conducted among CLD patients, with biopsy proven fibrosis/cirrhosis, and providing sufficient details of patients' clinicopathological characteristics were included. In the 95 studies included, there were a total of 15,548 CLD patients. More than 83% of studies were carried out in Asia and Europe. The relationship between liver fibrosis/cirrhosis and serum levels of ferritin, adiponectin, leptin, TGF-β1, and PDGF-BB was assessed in 42, 33, 27, nine, and three studies, respectively. Serum levels of the markers, particularly ferritin, could successfully predict liver fibrosis/cirrhosis, however, these data might not be clinically replicated and further studies are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyyed Mortaza Haghgoo
- Baqiyatallah Research Center for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Heidar Sharafi
- Baqiyatallah Research Center for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Middle East Liver Diseases (MELD) Center, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Moayed Alavian
- Baqiyatallah Research Center for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Middle East Liver Diseases (MELD) Center, Tehran, Iran
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12
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Makled MN, Sharawy MH, El-Awady MS. The dual PPAR-α/γ agonist saroglitazar ameliorates thioacetamide-induced liver fibrosis in rats through regulating leptin. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2019; 392:1569-1576. [DOI: 10.1007/s00210-019-01703-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2019] [Accepted: 07/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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13
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The Use of Antifibrotic Recombinant nAG Protein in a Rat Liver Fibrosis Model. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 2019:9846919. [PMID: 31275996 PMCID: PMC6582902 DOI: 10.1155/2019/9846919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2019] [Accepted: 04/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Objectives The “nAG” protein is the key protein mediating the regeneration of amputated limbs in salamanders. The senior author (MMA) developed the original hypothesis that since “nAG” is a “regenerative” protein, it must be also an “antifibrotic' protein. The antifibrotic properties were later confirmed in a rabbit skin hypertrophic scar model as well as in a rat spinal cord injury model. The aim of this study is to evaluate the potential therapeutic properties of the nAG protein in a rat liver fibrosis model. Methodology Liver fibrosis was induced using intraperitoneal injections of carbon tetrachloride (CCL4). A total of 45 rats were divided equally into 3 groups: Group I (the control group) received normal saline injections for 8 weeks, Group II received CCL4 for 8 weeks, and Group III received CCL4 and nAG for 8 weeks. At the end of the experiment, the serum levels of 6 proteins (hyaluronic acid, PDGF-AB, TIMP-1, laminin, procollagen III N-terminal peptide, and collagen IV-alpha 1 chain) were measured. Liver biopsies were also taken and the stages of live fibrosis were assessed histologically. Results The CCL4 treatment resulted in a significant increase in the serum levels of all 6 measured proteins. The nAG treatment significantly reduced these high levels. The degree of liver fibrosis was also significantly reduced in the CCL4/nAG group compared to the CCL4 group. Conclusions nAG treatment was able to significantly reduce the serum levels of several protein markers of liver fibrosis and also significantly reduced the histological degree of liver fibrosis.
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Zhao L, Wu S, Huang E, Gnatenko D, Bahou WF, Zhu W. Integrated micro/messenger RNA regulatory networks in essential thrombocytosis. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0191932. [PMID: 29420626 PMCID: PMC5805260 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0191932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2017] [Accepted: 01/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Essential thrombocytosis (ET) is a chronic myeloproliferative disorder with an unregulated surplus of platelets. Complications of ET include stroke, heart attack, and formation of blood clots. Although platelet-enhancing mutations have been identified in ET cohorts, genetic networks causally implicated in thrombotic risk remain unestablished. In this study, we aim to identify novel ET-related miRNA-mRNA regulatory networks through comparisons of transcriptomes between healthy controls and ET patients. Four network discovery algorithms have been employed, including (a) Pearson correlation network, (b) sparse supervised canonical correlation analysis (sSCCA), (c) sparse partial correlation network analysis (SPACE), and, (d) (sparse) Bayesian network analysis-all through a combined data-driven and knowledge-based analysis. The result predicts a close relationship between an 8-miRNA set (miR-9, miR-490-5p, miR-490-3p, miR-182, miR-34a, miR-196b, miR-34b*, miR-181a-2*) and a 9-mRNA set (CAV2, LAPTM4B, TIMP1, PKIG, WASF1, MMP1, ERVH-4, NME4, HSD17B12). The majority of the identified variables have been linked to hematologic functions by a number of studies. Furthermore, it is observed that the selected mRNAs are highly relevant to ET disease, and provide an initial framework for dissecting both platelet-enhancing and functional consequences of dysregulated platelet production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Zhao
- Department of Applied Mathematics and Statistics, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, United States of America
| | - Song Wu
- Department of Applied Mathematics and Statistics, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, United States of America
| | - Erya Huang
- Department of Applied Mathematics and Statistics, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, United States of America
| | - Dimitri Gnatenko
- Department of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, United States of America
| | - Wadie F. Bahou
- Department of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, United States of America
| | - Wei Zhu
- Department of Applied Mathematics and Statistics, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, United States of America
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15
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Nallagangula KS, Nagaraj SK, Venkataswamy L, Chandrappa M. Liver fibrosis: a compilation on the biomarkers status and their significance during disease progression. Future Sci OA 2018; 4:FSO250. [PMID: 29255622 PMCID: PMC5729599 DOI: 10.4155/fsoa-2017-0083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2017] [Accepted: 09/06/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Liver fibrosis occurs in response to different etiologies of chronic liver injury. Diagnosing degree of liver fibrosis is a crucial step in evaluation of severity of the disease. An invasive liver biopsy is the gold standard method associated with pain and complications. Biomarkers to detect liver fibrosis include direct markers of extracellular matrix turnover and indirect markers as a reflection of liver dysfunction. Although a single marker may not be useful for successful management, a mathematical equation combining tests might be effective. The main purpose of this review is to understand the diagnostic accuracy of biomarkers and scoring systems for liver fibrosis. Advances in -omics approach have generated clinically significant biomarker candidates for liver fibrosis that need further evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Shashidhar Kurpad Nagaraj
- Department of Biochemistry, Sri Devaraj Urs Medical College, SDUAHER, Tamaka, Kolar, Karnataka, India
| | - Lakshmaiah Venkataswamy
- Department of Medicine, Sri Devaraj Urs MedicalCollege, SDUAHER, Tamaka, Kolar, Karnataka, India
| | - Muninarayana Chandrappa
- Department of Community Medicine, Sri DevarajUrs Medical College, SDUAHER, Tamaka, Kolar, Karnataka, India
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16
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Pode Z, Peri-Naor R, Georgeson JM, Ilani T, Kiss V, Unger T, Markus B, Barr HM, Motiei L, Margulies D. Protein recognition by a pattern-generating fluorescent molecular probe. NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY 2017; 12:1161-1168. [PMID: 29035400 DOI: 10.1038/nnano.2017.175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2016] [Accepted: 07/25/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Fluorescent molecular probes have become valuable tools in protein research; however, the current methods for using these probes are less suitable for analysing specific populations of proteins in their native environment. In this study, we address this gap by developing a unimolecular fluorescent probe that combines the properties of small-molecule-based probes and cross-reactive sensor arrays (the so-called chemical 'noses/tongues'). On the one hand, the probe can detect different proteins by generating unique identification (ID) patterns, akin to cross-reactive arrays. On the other hand, its unimolecular scaffold and selective binding enable this ID-generating probe to identify combinations of specific protein families within complex mixtures and to discriminate among isoforms in living cells, where macroscopic arrays cannot access. The ability to recycle the molecular device and use it to track several binding interactions simultaneously further demonstrates how this approach could expand the fluorescent toolbox currently used to detect and image proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zohar Pode
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Ronny Peri-Naor
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Joseph M Georgeson
- Department of Structural Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Tal Ilani
- Department of Structural Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Vladimir Kiss
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Tamar Unger
- Israel Structural Proteomics Center, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Barak Markus
- The Nancy and Stephen Grand Israel National Center for Personalized Medicine, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 761001, Israel
| | - Haim M Barr
- The Nancy and Stephen Grand Israel National Center for Personalized Medicine, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 761001, Israel
| | - Leila Motiei
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - David Margulies
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
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17
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Voutilainen SH, Kosola SK, Tervahartiala TI, Sorsa TA, Jalanko HJ, Pakarinen MP. Liver and serum expression of matrix metalloproteinases in asymptomatic pediatric liver transplant recipients. Transpl Int 2016; 30:124-133. [DOI: 10.1111/tri.12879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2016] [Revised: 07/29/2016] [Accepted: 10/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Silja H. Voutilainen
- Pediatric Surgery and Pediatric Transplantation Surgery; Pediatric Liver and Gut Research Group; Children's Hospital; Helsinki University Central Hospital and University of Helsinki; Helsinki Finland
| | - Silja K. Kosola
- Pediatric Surgery and Pediatric Transplantation Surgery; Pediatric Liver and Gut Research Group; Children's Hospital; Helsinki University Central Hospital and University of Helsinki; Helsinki Finland
| | - Taina I. Tervahartiala
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases; Institute of Dentistry; University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Central Hospital; Helsinki Finland
| | - Timo A. Sorsa
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases; Institute of Dentistry; University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Central Hospital; Helsinki Finland
| | - Hannu J. Jalanko
- Pediatric Nephrology and Transplantation; Children's Hospital; Helsinki University Central Hospital and University of Helsinki; Helsinki Finland
| | - Mikko P. Pakarinen
- Pediatric Surgery and Pediatric Transplantation Surgery; Pediatric Liver and Gut Research Group; Children's Hospital; Helsinki University Central Hospital and University of Helsinki; Helsinki Finland
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18
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Autoserum: An Optimal Supplement for Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells of Liver-Injured Rats. Stem Cells Int 2015; 2015:459580. [PMID: 26089916 PMCID: PMC4458300 DOI: 10.1155/2015/459580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2014] [Revised: 04/14/2015] [Accepted: 04/15/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are an attractive source for the clinical cell therapy of liver injury. Although the use of adult serum, platelet lysate, or cord blood serum solves some of the problems caused by fetal bovine serum (FBS), the allogeneic immune response, contamination, and donor-to-donor and donor-to-receptor differences still obstruct the application of MSCs. In this study, the influences of autoserum from liver-injured rats (LIRs) and allogeneic serum from healthy rats on the isolation and culture of bone marrow MSCs (BMSCs) were examined and compared to FBS. The results showed that BMSCs cultured with autoserum or allogeneic serum exhibited better MSC-specific morphology, lower rate of cell senescent, and higher proliferation kinetics than those with FBS. In addition, autoserum promoted the osteogenic differentiation potential of BMSCs as allogeneic serum did. Although there were no significant differences in proliferation activity, immunophenotypic characterization, and differentiation potential between BMSCs cultured with autoserum and those with allogeneic serum, the potential adverse immunological reactions in patients with allogeneic material transplantation must be considered. We therefore believe that the autoserum from liver-injured patients may be a better choice for MSC expansion to meet the needs of liver injury therapy.
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19
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Shen HH, Bai BK, Wang YQ, Zhou GDE, Hou J, Hu Y, Zhao JM, Li BS, Huang HL, Mao PY. Serum soluble CD40 is associated with liver injury in patients with chronic hepatitis B. Exp Ther Med 2015; 9:999-1005. [PMID: 25667667 PMCID: PMC4316966 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2015.2182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2014] [Accepted: 11/17/2014] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Soluble cluster of differentiation 40 (sCD40) is proteolytically cleaved from membrane-bound CD40 and binds to CD154, thereby inhibiting CD40-CD154-mediated immune responses. The aim of the present study was to clarify the role of sCD40 in chronic hepatitis B (CHB). The sCD40 levels in sera from 132 patients with CHB and 33 healthy individuals were retrospectively measured. sCD40 concentrations in patients with CHB were higher than those in healthy controls, and sCD40 levels correlated positively with serum levels of the liver dysfunction biomarkers alanine transaminase (ALT) and aspartate transaminase (AST). sCD40 concentrations increased with a rise in the severity of liver necroinflammation and fibrosis. Patients with >75% liver tissue staining positive for hepatitis B virus (HBV) antigen expression showed significantly lower sCD40 levels than those who stained negative for the HBV antigen. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of sCD40 was greater than that of ALT and AST; thus, sCD40 levels have a high diagnostic accuracy for detecting severe liver inflammation in patients with CHB, and could serve as an immunological marker of hepatic tissue injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Hui Shen
- Institute of Infectious Diseases, Beijing 302 Hospital, Beijing 100039, P.R. China
| | - Bing-Ke Bai
- Institute of Infectious Diseases, Beijing 302 Hospital, Beijing 100039, P.R. China
| | - Ya-Qing Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing 305 Hospital, Beijing 100017, P.R. China
| | - Guang-DE Zhou
- Department of Pathology, Beijing 302 Hospital, Beijing 100039, P.R. China
| | - Jun Hou
- Institute of Infectious Diseases, Beijing 302 Hospital, Beijing 100039, P.R. China
| | - Yan Hu
- Institute of Infectious Diseases, Beijing 302 Hospital, Beijing 100039, P.R. China
| | - Jing-Min Zhao
- Department of Pathology, Beijing 302 Hospital, Beijing 100039, P.R. China
| | - Bao-Sen Li
- Institute of Infectious Diseases, Beijing 302 Hospital, Beijing 100039, P.R. China
| | - Hai-Li Huang
- Department of Gastroenterology, General Hospital of PLA, Beijing 100853, P.R. China
| | - Pan-Yong Mao
- Institute of Infectious Diseases, Beijing 302 Hospital, Beijing 100039, P.R. China
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20
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Su F, Zhang W, Chen Y, Ma L, Zhang H, Wang F. Significance of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α expression with atrial fibrosis in rats induced with isoproterenol. Exp Ther Med 2014; 8:1677-1682. [PMID: 25371714 PMCID: PMC4218706 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2014.1989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2014] [Accepted: 08/20/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Atrial interstitial fibrosis plays a dual role in inducing and maintaining atrial fibrillation (AF). Hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) has been reported as closely associated with renal, liver and pulmonary fibrosis diseases. However, whether HIF-1α is involved in myocardial fibrosis, and the associations between HIF-1α, transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) remain unknown. Therefore, this area warrants studying for the significance of AF diagnosis and treatment. The present study investigated the expression of HIF-1α in atrial fibrosis and its possible mechanism in isoproterenol (ISO)-induced rats. The three groups of rats; control, ISO and ISO plus sirolimus [also known as rapamycin (Rapa)], were treated for 15 days and sacrificed to remove the myocardial tissues. The expression levels of HIF-1α, TGF-β1 and MMP-9 and their associations with atrial fibrosis were examined through histomorphology and protein and mRNA levels. The protein and mRNA levels of HIF-1α, TGF-β1 and MMP-9 in the ISO group were increased markedly (P<0.01) compared with the control group, while those in the Rapa group were clearly decreased (P<0.01) compared with the ISO group. The protein and mRNA levels of HIF-1α, TGF-β1 and MMP-9 were positively correlated (P<0.01) with atrial fibrosis (collagen volume fraction index), as were the HIF-1α, TGF-β1 and MMP-9 mRNA levels (P<0.01) and the mRNA levels between MMP-9 and TGF-β1 (P<0.01). During the process of atrial fibrosis in ISO-induced rats, HIF-1α promotes the expression of TGF-β1 and MMP-9 protein, and thus is involved in in atrial fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangju Su
- Department of Cardiology, Lanzhou General Hospital, People's Liberation Army, Lanzhou, Gansu 730050, P.R. China
| | - Weize Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Lanzhou General Hospital, People's Liberation Army, Lanzhou, Gansu 730050, P.R. China
| | - Yongqing Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Lanzhou General Hospital, People's Liberation Army, Lanzhou, Gansu 730050, P.R. China
| | - Ling Ma
- Department of Cardiology, Lanzhou General Hospital, People's Liberation Army, Lanzhou, Gansu 730050, P.R. China
| | - Hanping Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Lanzhou General Hospital, People's Liberation Army, Lanzhou, Gansu 730050, P.R. China
| | - Fei Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Lanzhou General Hospital, People's Liberation Army, Lanzhou, Gansu 730050, P.R. China
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21
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Chen CF, Feng X, Liao HY, Jin WJ, Zhang J, Wang Y, Gong LL, Liu JJ, Yuan XH, Zhao BB, Zhang D, Chen GF, Wan Y, Guo J, Yan HP, He YW. Regulation of T cell proliferation by JMJD6 and PDGF-BB during chronic hepatitis B infection. Sci Rep 2014; 4:6359. [PMID: 25219359 PMCID: PMC4163673 DOI: 10.1038/srep06359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2014] [Accepted: 07/24/2014] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
T cell functional exhaustion during chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection may contribute to the failed viral clearance; however, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain largely unknown. Here we demonstrate that jumonji domain-containing protein 6 (JMJD6) is a potential regulator of T cell proliferation during chronic HBV infection. The expression of JMJD6 was reduced in T lymphocytes in chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients, and this reduction in JMJD6 expression was associated with impaired T cell proliferation. Moreover, silencing JMJD6 expression in primary human T cells impaired T cell proliferation. We found that JMJD6 promotes T cell proliferation by suppressing the mRNA expression of CDKN3. Furthermore, we have identified platelet derived growth factor-BB (PDGF-BB) as a regulator of JMJD6 expression. PDGF-BB downregulates JMJD6 expression and inhibits the proliferation of human primary T cells. Importantly, the expression levels of JMJD6 and PDGF-BB in lymphocytes from CHB patients were correlated with the degree of liver damage and the outcome of chronic HBV infection treatment. Our results demonstrate that PDGF-BB and JMJD6 regulate T cell function during chronic HBV infection and may provide insights for the treatment strategies for CHB patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cai-Feng Chen
- 1] MOH Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens, Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences &Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China [2]
| | - Xia Feng
- 1] Center for Infection and Immunity, YouAn Hospital, The Beijing Capital Medical University, Beijing, China [2]
| | - Hui-Yu Liao
- 1] Center for Infection and Immunity, YouAn Hospital, The Beijing Capital Medical University, Beijing, China [2]
| | - Wen-Jing Jin
- MOH Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens, Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences &Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Diagnosis and Treatment Center of Liver Fibrosis, 302 Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of Immunology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710
| | - Lu-Lu Gong
- MOH Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens, Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences &Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing-Jun Liu
- MOH Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens, Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences &Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Hui Yuan
- MOH Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens, Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences &Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin-Bin Zhao
- MOH Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens, Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences &Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Ding Zhang
- MOH Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens, Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences &Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Guo-Feng Chen
- Diagnosis and Treatment Center of Liver Fibrosis, 302 Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Wan
- Biomedical Analysis Center, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jian Guo
- Department of Immunology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710
| | - Hui-Ping Yan
- Center for Infection and Immunity, YouAn Hospital, The Beijing Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - You-Wen He
- Department of Immunology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710
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Abstract
Liver fibrosis is the final common pathway for almost all causes of chronic liver injury. Liver fibrosis is now known to be a dynamic process having significant potential for resolution. Therefore, fibrosis prediction is an essential part of the assessment and management of patients with chronic liver disease. As such, there is strong demand for reliable liver biomarkers that provide insight into disease etiology, diagnosis, therapy, and prognosis in lieu of more invasive approaches such as liver biopsy. Current diagnostic strategies range from use of serum biomarkers to more advanced imaging techniques including transient elastography and magnetic resonance imaging. In addition to these modalities, there are other approaches including the use of novel, but yet to be validated, biomarkers. In this chapter, we discuss the biomarkers of liver fibrosis including the use of invasive and noninvasive biomarkers and disease-specific biomarkers in various chronic liver diseases.
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Abstract
Chronic liver diseases of differing etiologies are among the leading causes of mortality and morbidity worldwide. Establishing accurate staging of liver disease is very important for enabling both therapeutic decisions and prognostic evaluations. A liver biopsy is considered the gold standard for assessing the stage of hepatic fibrosis, but it has many limitations. During the last decade, several noninvasive markers for assessing the stage of hepatic fibrosis have been developed. Some have been well validated and are comparable to liver biopsy. This paper will focus on the various noninvasive biochemical markers used to stage liver fibrosis.
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Sri Manjari K, Nallari P, Balakrishna N, Vidyasagar A, Prabhakar B, Jyothy A, Venkateshwari A. Influence of matrix metalloproteinase-1 gene -1607 (1G/2G) (rs1799750) promoter polymorphism on circulating levels of MMP-1 in chronic pancreatitis. Biochem Genet 2013; 51:644-54. [PMID: 23644943 DOI: 10.1007/s10528-013-9594-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2012] [Accepted: 11/15/2012] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated the role of -1607 (1G/2G) (rs1799750) polymorphism of the MMP-1 gene in chronic pancreatitis. We genotyped 100 patients with chronic pancreatitis and 100 control subjects using tetra-primer ARMS-PCR followed by agarose gel electrophoresis. Serum levels of MMP-1 were determined by Elisa. Statistical analysis was applied to test the significance of the results. The genotypic and allelic distribution varied significantly between the disease group and the control subjects [OD = 1.981 (1.236-3.181), p = 0.004]. MMP-1 levels were higher in subjects homozygous for the 2G allele than in subjects with the 1G allele. The present study revealed a significant association of the MMP-1 -1607 1G/2G (rs1799750) gene promoter polymorphism with chronic pancreatitis, and it can be considered a biological marker in the etiology of chronic pancreatitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Sri Manjari
- Institute of Genetics and Hospital for Genetic Diseases, Osmania University, Begumpet, Hyderabad 500 016, India
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25
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Bai Q, An J, Wu X, You H, Ma H, Liu T, Gao N, Jia J. HBV promotes the proliferation of hepatic stellate cells via the PDGF-B/PDGFR-β signaling pathway in vitro. Int J Mol Med 2012; 30:1443-50. [PMID: 23042547 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2012.1148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2012] [Accepted: 07/10/2012] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The activation of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) is closely associated with liver fibrosis in chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. However, the molecular mechanisms leading to HSC activation remain unclear. It has been reported that the platelet-derived growth factor-B (PDGF-B)/PDGF receptor-β (PDGFR-β) signaling pathway is involved in this process. Thus, we investigated whether HBV and its protein contribute to HSC proliferation by the PDGF-B/PDGFR-β signaling pathway. HBV particles were purified from the supernatant of HepG2.2.15 cells by ultracentrifugation and the cell lines carrying HBV preS, e, c or x genes were obtained. After incubation with HBV particles or co-cultured with the cell lines expressed in the viral protein, the proliferation of LX-2 cells, an HSC cell line, were detected by flow cyto-metry and real-time PCR and the expression of molecules related to the PDGF-B/PDGFR-β signaling pathway were further measured. Our results indicated that HBV particles, c and x proteins promoted LX-2 proliferation and increased the mRNA levels of PDGF-B, PDGFR-β, collagen-I and α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), as well as the phosphorylation of PDGFR-β; however, the expression protein levels of PDGF-B and PDGFR-β remained unchanged. In conclusion, HBV particles and HBV c and x proteins promote HSC proliferation and fibrogenesis in vitro and the PDGF-B/PDGFR-β signaling pathway is important in this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qixuan Bai
- Liver Research Center, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, P.R. China
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26
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Abstract
Fibrosis is a hallmark histologic event of chronic liver diseases and is characterized by the excessive accumulation and reorganization of the extracellular matrix (ECM). The gold standard for assessment of fibrosis is liver biopsy. As this procedure has various limitations, including risk of patient injury and sampling error, a non-invasive serum marker for liver fibrosis is desirable. The increasing understanding of the pathogenesis of hepatic fibrosis has suggested several markers which could be useful indicators of hepatic fibrogenesis and fibrosis. These markers include serum markers of liver function, ECM synthesis, fibrolytic processes, ECM degradation and fibrogenesis related cytokines. Recently, neo-epitopes, which are post-translational modifications of proteins, have been successfully used in bone and cartilage diseases which are characterized by extensive ECM remodeling. Increasing numbers of studies are being undertaken to identify neo-epitopes generated during liver fibrosis, and which ultimately might be useful for diagnosing and monitoring fibrogenesis. To date, the metalloproteinases generated fragment of collagen I, III, IV and VI have been proven to be elevated in two rat models of fibrosis. This review summarizes the recent efforts that have been made to identify potentially reliable non-invasive serum markers. We used the recently proposed BIPED (Burden of disease, Investigative, Prognostic, Efficacy and Diagnostic) system to characterize potential serum markers and neo-epitope markers that have been identified to date.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianhui Liu
- Liver Research Center, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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27
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Abdel-Hafeez EH, Ahmad AK, Abdulla AM, Aabdel-Wahab S, Mosalem FA. Therapeutic effect of alpha lipoic acid combined with praziquantel on liver fibrosis induced by Schistosoma mansoni challenged mice. Parasitol Res 2012; 111:577-86. [PMID: 22398831 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-012-2871-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2011] [Accepted: 02/19/2012] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Schistosomiasis is an endemic disease in 74 countries causing more than 250,000 deaths every year. Accordingly, the development of an effective drug for eradication of schistosomiasis is an open research field. The current chemotherapy for control is praziquantel (PZQ). However, PZQ does not improve liver fibrosis. Therefore, the aim of this study is to evaluate the combined effect of alpha lipoic acid (ALA) with PZQ on the liver fibrosis induced by Schistosoma mansoni challenged mice. Evaluation was based on the worm burden count, ova load, granuloma size, and histopathology of the liver. Reduced glutathione (GSH) was measured in the tissue as a biomarker for impaired antioxidant function. Malondialdehyde (MDA) was also measured in the tissue as a biomarker for oxidative stress. The serum level of matrix metalloproteinase 1 was measured as a biomarker for fibrotic status of the liver. Liver function enzymes such as ALT, AST, and GGT were also measured. Four groups of ten mice each were used in this study. The first group was infected with 50 ± 10 S. mansoni cercariae. The second group was also infected and was treated with PZQ 9 weeks post-infection (PI). The third group was treated with PZQ and ALA 9 weeks PI. The fourth group was used a healthy control. The present study revealed remarkable improvement in all parameters measured (parasitological and biochemical) as well as significant improvement of hepatic pathology in the third group which was treated with PZQ and ALA. The treatment of mice with PZQ and ALA results in reduction in the worm burden, egg count, and granuloma size. Furthermore, this combined treatment increased the tissue level of the antioxidant (GSH) and decreased the tissue level of MDA in this group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekhlas H Abdel-Hafeez
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minia 61111, Egypt.
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Mahmoud AA, Bakir AS, Shabana SS. Serum TGF-β, Serum MMP-1, and HOMA-IR as non-invasive predictors of fibrosis in Egyptian patients with NAFLD. Saudi J Gastroenterol 2012; 18:327-33. [PMID: 23006461 PMCID: PMC3500022 DOI: 10.4103/1319-3767.101132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is an increasingly prevalent cause of chronic liver disease worldwide. A number of these patients progress to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) which carries significant morbidity and mortality. The aim of this study is to evaluate the diagnostic value of serum levels of transforming growth factor beta-1 (TGF-β1) matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1), and insulin resistance as predictors of fibrosis in Egyptian NAFLD patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS Fifty patients with NAFLD and different stages of fibrosis were studied. Serum levels of TGF-β1, MMP-1, and fasting serum insulin were measured; calculation of the homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) was done. RESULTS TGF-β1 gives a sensitivity of 100% and specificity of 94.4% for stage 1 fibrosis, 100% and 93.9%, respectively, for stage 2 fibrosis, and 97.7% and 100%, respectively, for stage 3 fibrosis. MMP-1 showed sensitivity and specificity of 88% and 81.8%, respectively, for stage 2 fibrosis, 90.9% and 55.56%, respectively, for stage 3 fibrosis, but it is of no diagnostic value in stage 1 fibrosis. CONCLUSION Serum TGF-β1, MMP-1, and insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) proved to be potentially useful noninvasive markers in predicting fibrosis in NASH patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adel A. Mahmoud
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gastroenterology and Hepatology Unit Ain-Shams University, Abbassia, Cairo, Egypt,Address for correspondence: Prof. Adel A. Mahmoud, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Ain-Shams University, Abbassia, Cairo, Egypt. E-mail:
| | - Amal S. Bakir
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gastroenterology and Hepatology Unit Ain-Shams University, Abbassia, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Sherif S. Shabana
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gastroenterology and Hepatology Unit Ain-Shams University, Abbassia, Cairo, Egypt
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Ničković V, Nikolić J, Kocić G, Ilić M, Djindjić B. COMPLICATIONS OF ALCOHOLIC LIVER DISEASE AND DIAGNOSTIC MARKERS. ACTA MEDICA MEDIANAE 2011. [DOI: 10.5633/amm.2011.0410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
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Ničković V, Nikolić J, Kocić G, Ilić M, Đinđić B. KOMPLIKACIJE ALKOHOLNE BOLESTI JETRE I DIJAGNOSTIČKI MARKERI. ACTA MEDICA MEDIANAE 2011. [DOI: 10.5633/amm.2011.0410s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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Miyahara K, Nouso K, Tomoda T, Kobayashi S, Hagihara H, Kuwaki K, Toshimori J, Onishi H, Ikeda F, Miyake Y, Nakamura S, Shiraha H, Takaki A, Yamamoto K. Predicting the treatment effect of sorafenib using serum angiogenesis markers in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2011; 26:1604-11. [PMID: 22011296 DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-1746.2011.06887.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Sorafenib, the first agent demonstrated to have efficacy to improve the survival of patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), is an active multikinase inhibitor affecting angiogenesis and tumor proliferation. We analyzed cytokines related to angiogenesis or cell proliferation, and tried to determine their utility as biomarkers of sorafenib treatment effect for HCC. METHODS Nine serum cytokines (angiopoietin-2 [Ang-2], follistatin, granulocyte colony-stimulating factor [G-CSF], hepatocyte growth factor [HGF], interleukin-8 [IL-8], leptin, platelet-derived growth factor-BB, platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1, and vascular endothelial growth factor) were measured in 30 HCC patients treated with sorafenib, and the effects of treatment were compared using modified Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors. RESULTS All but IL-8 were significantly higher at baseline in patients with progressive disease. Progression-free survival was significantly shorter in patients with high levels of Ang-2, G-CSF, HGF, and leptin, and the hazard ratios were 2.51, 6.89, 2.55, and 4.14, respectively. As the number of cytokines at a high level increased, the treatment response deteriorated. Disease progression was seen in three of 12 (25.0%) patients with zero to two high biomarkers, two of six (33.3%) patients with 3-5 high biomarkers, and 10 of 12 (83.3%) patients with six to eight high biomarkers (P=0.008). The prognosis of all patients with eight high biomarkers was progressive disease. CONCLUSION High levels of serum cytokines at baseline were correlated with poor effects of sorafenib treatment in patients with HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koji Miyahara
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan.
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Adrych K, Smoczynski M, Stojek M, Sledzinski T, Korczynska J, Goyke E, Swierczynski J. Coordinated increase in serum platelet-derived growth factor-BB and transforming growth factor-β1 in patients with chronic pancreatitis. Pancreatology 2011; 11:434-40. [PMID: 21921666 DOI: 10.1159/000330294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2010] [Accepted: 06/22/2011] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In vitro studies suggest that platelet-derived growth factor-BB (PDGF-BB) and transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) play an important role in pancreatic fibrosis. The aim of this study was to evaluate serum PDGF-BB and TGF-β1 concentrations in patients with chronic pancreatitis (CP). METHODS Forty male patients with a history of alcoholic CP and 35 age-matched healthy subjects were examined. Serum concentrations of PDGF-BB, TGF-β1, laminin and hyaluronic acid were determined by ELISA assay. Additionally, we determined serum concentrations of PDGF-BB and TGF-β1 in patients with functional dyspepsia, ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease. RESULTS Patients with advanced CP had significantly higher serum PDGF-BB and TGF-β1 concentrations compared to control subjects. A strong positive correlation between serum PDGF-BB and TGF-β1 concentrations was found in patients with CP. Serum laminin and hyaluronic acid were also elevated in patients with CP. No increase in serum PDGF-BB and TGF-β1 concentrations was found in patients with functional dyspepsia, ulcerative colitis or Crohn's disease. CONCLUSION The obtained results indicate for the first time that serum levels of PDGF-BB are elevated in patients with CP. However, ROC curve analysis suggests that PDGF-BB is not superior to laminin as a potential marker of advanced CP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krystian Adrych
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
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Hou XY, Ellis MK, McManus DP, Wang YY, Li SD, Williams GM, Li YS. Diagnostic value of non-invasive bio-markers for stage-specific diagnosis of hepatic fibrosis in patients with advanced schistosomiasis japonica. Int J Parasitol 2011; 41:325-32. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpara.2010.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2010] [Revised: 10/13/2010] [Accepted: 10/14/2010] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Ahmad W, Ijaz B, Gull S, Asad S, Khaliq S, Jahan S, Sarwar MT, Kausar H, Sumrin A, Shahid I, Hassan S. A brief review on molecular, genetic and imaging techniques for HCV fibrosis evaluation. Virol J 2011; 8:53. [PMID: 21299910 PMCID: PMC3041775 DOI: 10.1186/1743-422x-8-53] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2011] [Accepted: 02/08/2011] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Chronic HCV is one of the major causes of morbidity and mortality in the present day world. The assessment of disease progression not only provides useful information for diagnosis and therapeutic supervision judgment but also for monitoring disease. Different invasive and non invasive methods are applied to diagnose the disease from initial to end stage (mild fibrosis to cirrhosis). Although, liver biopsy is still considered as gold standard to identify liver histological stages, an assessment of the disease development based on non-invasive clinical findings is also emerging and this may replace the need of biopsy in near future. This review gives brief insight on non-invasive methods currently available for predicting liver fibrosis in HCV with their current pros and cons to make easier for a clinician to choose better marker to assess liver fibrosis in HCV infected patients. Methods More than 200 studies regarding invasive and noninvasive markers available for HCV liver disease diagnosis were thoroughly reviewed. We examined year wise results of these markers based on their sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV and AUROCs. Results We found that in all non-invasive serum markers for HCV, FibroTest, Forn's Index, Fibrometer and HepaScore have high five-year predictive value but with low AUROCs (0.60~0.85) and are not comparable to liver biopsy (AUROC = 0.97). Even though from its beginning, Fibroscan is proved to be best with high AUROCs (> 0.90) in all studies, no single noninvasive marker is able to differentiate all fibrosis stages from end stage cirrhosis. Meanwhile, specific genetic markers may not only discriminate fibrotic and cirrhotic liver but also differentiate individual fibrosis stages. Conclusions There is a need of marker which accurately determines the stage based on simplest routine laboratory test. Genetic marker in combination of imaging technique may be the better non invasive diagnostic method in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Waqar Ahmad
- Applied and Functional Genomics Laboratory, Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
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Abdel-Ghaffar TY, Behairy BE, El-Shaheed AA, Mahdy K, El-Batanony M, Hussein MH, Sira MM. Clinical Benefits of Biochemical Markers of Fibrosis in Egyptian Children With Chronic Liver Diseases. Gastroenterology Res 2010; 3:262-271. [PMID: 27942306 PMCID: PMC5139854 DOI: 10.4021/gr246w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/22/2010] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The need for repetition of liver biopsy, especially in assessing the degree of fibrosis and follow-up of treatment protocols, justifies an intensive search for non-invasive alternatives. We attempted to investigate the clinical usefulness of serum fibrogenesis markers in pediatric chronic liver diseases. METHODS We measured serum levels of TGF-β1, collagen IV, laminin, MMP-2 and EGF-R, in 50 children with chronic liver disease (HBV, HCV and Bilharziasis) and 30 healthy controls, and determined their relationship to frequently used liver function tests and liver biopsy findings in patients. RESULTS TGF-β1, collagen IV, laminin and MMP-2, but not EGF-R, were significantly higher in patients than in controls (P < 0.01). None of these markers correlated with the histological fibrosis stage, whereas laminin correlated with necroinflammatory activity (P < 0.01). TGF-β1, collagen IV, laminin and MMP-2 had the ability to discriminate patients with significant fibrosis, while only collagen IV and laminin were able to discriminate those with cirrhosis. Among these markers, collagen IV had the best predictive accuracy for significant fibrosis (AUROC 0.94; PPV 91.5%) and cirrhosis (AUROC 0.85; PPV 80%). CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, these markers may be useful in reducing but not replacing the need for liver biopsy in the monitoring of disease progression and treatment effectiveness and might be an inseparable part of assessment of chronic hepatopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Behairy E. Behairy
- Department of Pediatric Hepatology, National Liver Institute, Menofiya University, 32511 Shebin El-koom, Menofiya, Egypt
| | - Azza Abd El-Shaheed
- Department of Child Health, National Research Centre, El Bohouth Street, Dokki 12311, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Karam Mahdy
- Medical Biochemistry Department, National Research Centre, El Bohouth Street, Dokki 12311, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed El-Batanony
- Department of Pathology, National Liver Institute, Menofiya University, 32511 Shebin El-koom, Menofiya, Egypt
| | - Mohsen H. Hussein
- Department of Pediatric Hepatology, National Liver Institute, Menofiya University, 32511 Shebin El-koom, Menofiya, Egypt
| | - Mostafa M. Sira
- Department of Pediatric Hepatology, National Liver Institute, Menofiya University, 32511 Shebin El-koom, Menofiya, Egypt
- Corresponding author:
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Sun G, Haginoya K, Chiba Y, Uematsu M, Hino-Fukuyo N, Tanaka S, Onuma A, Iinuma K, Tsuchiya S. Elevated plasma levels of tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinase-1 and their overexpression in muscle in human and mouse muscular dystrophy. J Neurol Sci 2010; 297:19-28. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2010.06.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2009] [Revised: 06/21/2010] [Accepted: 06/30/2010] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Hu P, Qin YH, Pei J, Lei FY, Hu B, Lu L. Beneficial effect of all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) on glomerulosclerosis rats via the down-regulation of the expression of alpha-smooth muscle actin: a comparative study between ATRA and benazepril. Exp Mol Pathol 2010; 89:51-7. [PMID: 20493835 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexmp.2010.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2009] [Revised: 05/07/2010] [Accepted: 05/07/2010] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Although ATRA is a potent renoprotective agent, relatively little is known regarding the mechanisms of its action. The present study was designed to further elucidate the mechanisms of ATRA's action to GS rats and compare that with the beneficial effect of benazepril. Male SD rats weighting 160 to 200g were used in this study. GS was induced by unilateral nephrectomy and intravenous injection of adriamycin (6mg/kg). They were divided randomly 20 ones per group into GS group, GS treated with ATRA (20mg/kg/day) group, and GS treated with benazepril (10mg/kg/day) group. The other 20 ones were taken as sham-operation group, injected normal saline into caudal vein. 12weeks later, all rats were subjected to sacrifice. As expected, the GS group exhibited significant lower serum TP and Alb, and higher BUN, Cr and proteinuria than those of the sham group. Administration of ATRA or benazepril did ameliorate these above disorders of biochemical parameters in GS rats. Extensive renal damage was observed in the GS group, such as mononuclear infiltration, mesangial proliferation, focal segment glomerular sclerosis, and tubulointerstitial fibrosis. The pathological changes in both ATRA and benazepril group were alleviated remarkably. Semiquantitative GSI was used to evaluate the degree of GS in all groups. GSI was significantly higher in the GS group than in sham group. GSI decreased from 21.9+/-6.7 in the GS group to 6.9+/-2.8 in the ATRA group and 7.0+/-2.7 in benazepril group respectively. However, no significant difference in GSI between rats treated with ATRA and rats treated with benazepril was found. RT-PCR analysis revealed the renal expression of alpha-SMA mRNA was induced substantially in GS group as compared to sham group, which could be offset completely by ATRA or benazepril administration. However, expression level of alpha-SMA mRNA in GS rats treated with ATRA was identical to that in GS rats treated with benazepril. We also examined immunohistochemical staining for renal alpha-SMA, TGF-beta1, Col IV, and FN in this model. Weak staining was observed in some glomerulus, mesangial cells, and tubular interstitium of sham rats. Staining was markedly enhanced in the majority of glomerulus, mesangial cells, and tubular interstitium of untreated GS rats. Compared with untreated GS animals, intensity and extent of staining for renal alpha-SMA, TGF-beta1, Col IV, and FN were markedly reduced in glomerulus, mesangial cells, and tubular interstitium of GS rats treated with either ATRA or benazepril. However, no significant differences existed between ATRA and benazepril with respect to the glomerular and tubulointerstitial staining scores. Interestingly, our data documented some differences of therapeutic capacities between ATRA and benazepril. In comparison with benazepril, ATRA exerted no improvement in hypoproteinemia, but more significant decrease in serum Cr level in GS rats. The reasons leading to these variations are unclear. Whatever they are, the properties of down-regulate inflammatory/proliferative programs may make ATRA an attractive potential candidate for future therapeutic use in kidney disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Hu
- Department of Pediatrics, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
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Changes in TIMP-1 and -2 expression in the early stage of porcine serum-induced liver fibrosis in rats. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010; 63:357-61. [PMID: 20226641 DOI: 10.1016/j.etp.2010.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2009] [Revised: 02/19/2010] [Accepted: 02/21/2010] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
It is widely recognized that tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs), especially TIMP-1 and -2, play a key role in the progression of hepatic fibrosis. In the present study, we examined the changes in TIMP-1 and -2 expressions in the early stage of porcine serum (PS)-induced liver fibrosis in Brown Norway (BN) and Wistar rats. The rats were injected intraperitoneally with 0.5 ml/head of PS twice a week for up to 8 weeks and examined at 2, 4 and 8 weeks. Hepatic fibrosis and inflammatory cell infiltration developed at 4 and 8 weeks in BN and Wistar rats, respectively, and formation of pseudolobules was detected at 8 weeks in rats of both strains. The expression of liver TIMP-1 and -2 mRNAs significantly increased at 8 weeks in rats of both strains. At the same time, TIMP-1 and -2 activities were also detected in the liver of both strains. On the other hand, the expression of serum TIMP-1 and -2 proteins increased earlier (at 4 weeks for TIMP-1 and at 2 or 4 weeks for TIMP-2) than that of liver TIMP-1 and -2 mRNAs did. Although there are some reports suggestive of why the elevation of serum TIMP-1 and -2 proteins preceded that of liver TIMP-1 and -2 mRNAs, the exact reason is still obscure. In conclusion, the present study showed for the first time the mode of TIMP-1 and -2 expression and activity in the early stage of PS-induced rat liver fibrosis model.
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Carpentier A, Conti F, Carrière M, Aoudjehane L, Miroux C, Moralès O, Calmus Y, Groux H, Auriault C, Pancré V, Delhem N, Podevin P. Analysis of gene transcription in sera during chronic hepatitis C infection. J Med Virol 2009; 81:473-80. [PMID: 19152403 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.21398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Alternative, non-invasive techniques are necessary to monitor the progression of liver disease during chronic hepatitis C. Firstly, because serum is the most accessible material for studies using qPCR in microplates, gene transcription was compared in 219 selected genes involved in the pathogenesis of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection between sera, PBMCs and liver samples collected simultaneously from five patients infected chronically. Secondly, using sera, gene profiles were compared between HCV-infected patients (n = 10) and healthy controls (n = 10). In addition, the influence of alcohol intake was examined in patients infected with HCV genotype-1. Firstly, amplifiable mRNAs were obtained in all samples. After amplification, significant correlations were observed between: liver versus serum; liver versus PBMCs; and serum versus PBMCs (r(2) = 0.37, r(2) = 0.54, r(2) = 0.49, respectively). A comparison of gene transcription by gene involved in T- and B-cell markers, adhesion molecules, apoptosis, liver matrix turnover and inflammation, revealed comparable, significant correlations between serum and liver, (r(2) = 0.30, r(2) = 0.60, r(2) = 0.51, r(2) = 0.51, r(2) = 0.26, and r(2) = 0.61 respectively). Secondly, a quantitative analysis of gene expression in sera between genotype-1b-infected patients and healthy controls revealed that 41 genes involved closely in T-cell activation and apoptosis were over-expressed significantly in patients infected with HCV. In these patients, alcohol consumption was associated with an increased expression of six genes involved in the inflammatory response, together with a decrease of genes associated with dendritic cell function. It is concluded that in patients infected with HCV, serum can be used to evaluate expression of liver genes. Further prospective studies are clearly needed to validate the initial results and to define the relevant genes.
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Putative roles of hepatitis B x antigen in the pathogenesis of chronic liver disease. Cancer Lett 2009; 286:69-79. [PMID: 19201080 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2008.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2008] [Revised: 11/18/2008] [Accepted: 12/02/2008] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Under most circumstances, hepatitis B virus (HBV) is noncytopathic. However, hepatocellular regeneration that accompanies each bout of hepatitis appears to be associated with increased integration of HBV DNA fragments expressing the virus encoded hepatitis B x antigen (HBxAg). Intrahepatic HBxAg staining correlates with the intensity and progression of chronic liver disease (CLD), and additional work has shown that HBxAg blocks immune mediated killing by Fas and by tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFalpha). This is not only associated with the blockage of caspase activities by HBxAg, but also by the constitutive stimulation of hepatoprotective pathways, such as nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kappaB), phosphoinositol 3-kinase (PI3K), and beta-catenin (beta-catenin). HBxAg also appears to promote fibrogenesis, by stimulating the production of fibronectin. HBxAg also stimulates the production and activity of transforming growth factor beta1 (TGFbeta1) by several mechanisms, thereby promoting the profibrogenic and tumorigenic properties of this important cytokine. In addition, HBxAg appears to remodel the extracellular matrix (ECM) by altering the expression of several matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), which may promote tumor metastasis. Hence, HBxAg appears to promote chronic infection by preventing immune mediated apoptosis of infected hepatocytes, by promoting the establishment and persistence of fibrosis and cirrhosis preceding the development of HCC, and by promoting the remodeling of EMC during tumor progression.
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Ban CR, Twigg SM. Fibrosis in diabetes complications: pathogenic mechanisms and circulating and urinary markers. Vasc Health Risk Manag 2008; 4:575-96. [PMID: 18827908 PMCID: PMC2515418 DOI: 10.2147/vhrm.s1991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 190] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is characterized by a lack of insulin causing elevated blood glucose, often with associated insulin resistance. Over time, especially in genetically susceptible individuals, such chronic hyperglycemia can cause tissue injury. One pathological response to tissue injury is the development of fibrosis, which involves predominant extracellular matrix (ECM) accumulation. The main factors that regulate ECM in diabetes are thought to be pro-sclerotic cytokines and protease/anti-protease systems. This review will examine the key markers and regulators of tissue fibrosis in diabetes and whether their levels in biological fluids may have clinical utility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camelia R Ban
- Discipline of Medicine and Department of Endocrinology, The University of Sydney and Royal Prince Alfred Hospital Sydney, New South Wales, 2006, Australia
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Prognostic significance of growth factors and the urokinase-type plasminogen activator system in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Pancreas 2008; 36:160-7. [PMID: 18376307 DOI: 10.1097/mpa.0b013e31815750f0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To determine the diagnostic and prognostic significance of growth factors and the urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA) system in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) using a multigene assay. METHODS Messenger RNA (mRNA) expression of 15 genes from epidermal growth factor receptor, insulin-like growth factor (IGF), and uPA families were measured in 46 PDAC tissue samples using quantitative real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. These results were compared with those of the uninvolved adjacent (AP) tissue and benign mucinous cystadenomas (BMC). The mRNA expression was evaluated using logistic regression and receiver operating characteristic area under the curve (ROC AUC) analyses. Their relationship with prognosis was tested by Cox regression multivariate analysis. RESULTS All genes were overexpressed in most of the PDAC tissue. When compared with AP tissue, the median expression values for IGF-binding protein 3 (IGFBP-3) and uPA receptor (uPAR) was 9.8- and 9.6-fold, respectively. Expression levels of uPA, uPAR, IGF-I, and IGFBP-3 mRNA were significantly greater in PDAC than in BMC. The IGFBP-3 mRNA expression demonstrated greatest ROC AUC values for PDAC versus AP tissue (ROC AUC, 0.745; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.65-0.86); whereas ROC AUC values were greatest for uPAR when PDAC was compared with BMC (ROC AUC, 0.846; 95% CI, 0.76-0.94). The combination of uPA, uPAR, and IGF-I significantly improved discriminatory power (ROC AUC, 0.965; 95% CI, 0.93-1.00). The IGFBP-3, uPA, plasminogen activator inhibitor-2, and International Union Against Cancer stage had a significant influence on survival, but the effect of IGFBP-3 was lost after multivariate stepwise analysis. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that there is an influence of IGF system in tumor progression from BMC to PDAC, whereas the uPA/uPAR system has the greater influence on survival in PDAC.
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Abstract
Essential hypertension is associated with the metabolic syndrome, insulin resistance and the development of fatty liver. Fatty liver disease is a spectrum of liver diseases ranging from simple hepatic steatosis through steato-hepatitis to cirrhosis and hepatoma. The purpose of this review is to discuss the evidence for an association between essential hypertension and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, and to consider the diagnosis and management of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. We conclude that it is important to consider the diagnosis of fatty liver disease in hypertensive patients, to measure the liver function tests at diagnosis and not to ignore minor elevations of serum aminotransferases. Hypertensive patients with raised liver enzymes should be referred for further assessment, particularly if risk factors for progressive liver disease, such as obesity and diabetes, are present.
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Affiliation(s)
- M J Brookes
- Gastroenterology Unit, City Hospital, Birmingham, UK
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Novosyadlyy R, Dudas J, Pannem R, Ramadori G, Scharf JG. Crosstalk between PDGF and IGF-I receptors in rat liver myofibroblasts: implication for liver fibrogenesis. J Transl Med 2006; 86:710-23. [PMID: 16619003 DOI: 10.1038/labinvest.3700426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) and platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) have been identified as significant mitogens for liver myofibroblasts (LMFs), one of the cell populations playing a role in liver fibrogenesis. In the present work, we aimed to elucidate a possible interaction between PDGF receptor (PDGFR) and IGF-I receptor (IGF-IR) signaling in LMFs. Among different rat liver cells, PDGFR alpha- and beta-subunits were mainly expressed in hepatic stellate cells and LMFs, and were upregulated during their in vitro cultivation. In LMFs, PDGF-BB (10 ng/ml) stimulated DNA synthesis approximately two-fold and this effect was similar to that of IGF-I. IGF-I and PDGF-BB differentially affected IGF-IR and PDGFR signaling. High concentrations of IGF-I decreased levels of IGF-IR and IRS-1 and inhibited the expression and activation of PDGFRalpha. PDGF-BB prevented IGF-I-induced downregulation of the IGF-IR, but did not affect expression of its cognate receptor subunits. Transphosphorylation of PDGFR and IGF-IR was not observed. PDGF effectively activated terminal MAP kinases, PI3 kinase and Akt kinase, whereas IGF-I demonstrated weaker effects. PLCgamma(1) was phosphorylated only in response to PDGF, but not to IGF-I. In rat LMFs, blockade of the IGF-IR via inhibition of the IGF-IR kinase completely abrogated IGF- and PDGF-induced mitogenesis and the ability of PDGF to phosphorylate PLCgamma(1). In conclusion, the presented data demonstrate that the PDGFR signaling requires a functional IGF-IR and that PDGF-BB stabilizes the IGF-IR function through preventing the IGF-I-induced downregulation of the IGF-IR. These interactions might be relevant in vivo for the fibroproliferative response during liver injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruslan Novosyadlyy
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Endocrinology, Georg-August-Universität, Göttingen, Germany
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Nie QH, Zhang YF, Xie YM, Luo XD, Shao B, Li J, Zhou YX. Correlation between TIMP-1 expression and liver fibrosis in two rat liver fibrosis models. World J Gastroenterol 2006; 12:3044-9. [PMID: 16718785 PMCID: PMC4124379 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v12.i19.3044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2005] [Revised: 01/03/2006] [Accepted: 01/09/2006] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To evaluate serum TIMP-1 level and the correlation between TIMP-1 expression and liver fibrosis in immune-induced and CCL4-induced liver fibrosis models in rats. METHODS Immune-induced and CCL4-induced liver fibrosis models were established by dexamethasone (0.01 mg) and CCL4 respectively. Serum TIMP-1 level was detected with ELISA, while histopathological grade of liver biopsy was evaluated. Spearman rank-correlation test was used to analyse the difference of the correlation between the TIMP-1 expression and hepatic fibrosis in the two fibrosis models. Furthermore, in situ hybridization was used to determine the expression difference of TIMP-1 mRNA in the two models. RESULTS Positive correlation existed between serum TIMP-1 level of immune induced group and the histopathological stages of fibrosis liver of corresponding rats (Spearman rank-correlation test, r(s) = 0.812, P < 0.05), and the positive in situ hybridization signal of TIMP-1 mRNA was strong. In CCL4-induced liver fibrosis model, the correlation between the serum TIMP-1 level and the severity of hepatic fibrosis was not statistically significant(Spearman rank-correlation test, r(s) = 0.229, P > 0.05). And compared with immune-induced model, the positive in situ hybridization signal of TIMP-1 mRNA was weaker, while the expression variation was higher in hepatic fibrosis of the same severity. CONCLUSION The correlations between TIMP-1 expression and liver fibrosis in two rat liver fibrosis models are different. In immune-induced model, serum TIMP-1 level could reflect the severity of liver fibrosis, while in CCL4-induced model, the correlation between the serum TIMP-1 level and the severity of hepatic fibrosis was not statistically significant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing-He Nie
- Chinese PLA Centre of Diagnosis and Treatment for Infectious Diseases, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710038, Shaanxi Province, China.
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Hatta J, Hatta T, Moritake K, Otani H. Heavy water inhibiting the expression of transforming growth factor-beta1 and the development of kaolin-induced hydrocephalus in mice. J Neurosurg 2006; 104:251-8. [PMID: 16619636 DOI: 10.3171/ped.2006.104.4.251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
OBJECT The authors investigated the effects of heavy water (D2O) on intrameningeal fibrosis and on the expression of cytokine production in mice with kaolin-induced hydrocephalus. METHODS Mice in which kaolin was injected into the cisterna magna were divided into two groups: 1) Group H, which had free access to H2O as tap water; and 2) Group D, which had free access to 30% D2O as tap water before and after kaolin injection. A distilled water-injected group, which had free access to H2O as tap water was designated the sham-operated group. The authors examined the effects of D2O within 28 days after injection on the development of hydrocephalus and intrameningeal fibrosis, as well as on the expression levels of several inflammatory and fibrogenic cytokines: transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGFbeta1), fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF2), platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-BB, and interleukin (IL)-6. The cerebral ventricles were less expanded, and intrameningeal fibrosis was milder in Group D than in Group H. The proliferation of fibroblasts was assessed by applying the bromodeoxyuridine labeling index, which was lower in Group D than in Group H. Expression of TGFbeta1 in the macrophages, choroid plexus, and meninges was inhibited in Group D but not in Group H. The serum level of total TGFbeta1 was significantly lower in Group D than in Group H on Day 14, whereas the levels of FGF2, PDGF-BB, and IL-6 did not differ significantly among the groups. CONCLUSIONS Administration of D2O prevented the development of kaolin-induced hydrocephalus in mice and inhibited intrameningeal fibrosis and upregulation of TGFbeta1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junko Hatta
- Department of Developmental Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Shimane University, Izumo, Japan.
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Lebensztejn DM, Skiba E, Tobolczyk J, Sobaniec-Lotowska ME, Kaczmarski M. Diagnostic accuracy of serum biochemical fibrosis markers in children with chronic hepatitis B evaluated by receiver operating characteristics analysis. World J Gastroenterol 2006; 11:7192-6. [PMID: 16437671 PMCID: PMC4725072 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v11.i45.7192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To investigate the diagnostic accuracy of potent serum biochemical fibrosis markers in children with chronic hepatitis B evaluated by receiver operating characteristics (ROC) analysis. METHODS We determined the serum level of apolipoprotein A-I (APO A-I), haptoglobin (HPT) and a-2 macroglobulin (A2M) with an automatic nephelometer in 63 children (age range 4-17 years, mean 10 years) with biopsy-verified chronic HBeAg-positive hepatitis B. Fibrosis stage and inflammation grade were assessed in a blinded fashion according to Batts and Ludwig. We defined mild liver fibrosis as a score < or =2 and advanced fibrosis as a score equal to 3. ROC analysis was used to calculate the power of the assays to detect advanced liver fibrosis (AccuROC, Canada). RESULTS Serum concentrations of APO A-I, HPT and A2M were not significantly different in patients with chronic hepatitis B compared to controls. However, APO A-I level of 1.19 ng/L had a sensitivity of 85.7% and a specificity of 60.7% (AUC = 0.7117, P = 0.035) to predict advanced fibrosis. All other serum biochemical markers and their combination did not allow a useful prediction. None of these markers was a good predictor of histologic inflammation. CONCLUSION Apolipoprotein A-I may be a suitable serum marker to predict advanced liver fibrosis in children with chronic hepatitis B.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dariusz Marek Lebensztejn
- 3 rd Department of Pediatrics, Medical University of Bialystok, 17 Waszyngtona Str., 15-274 Bialystok, Poland. dariuszmar.
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Flisiak I, Myśliwiec H, Chodynicka B. Effect of psoriasis treatment on plasma concentrations of metalloproteinase-1 and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-1. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2005; 19:418-21. [PMID: 15987285 DOI: 10.1111/j.1468-3083.2005.01199.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AIM The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of psoriasis treatment on plasma concentrations of metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1) and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-1 (TIMP-1) with respect to disease severity. METHODS MMP-1 and TIMP-1 were measured using an enzyme immunoassay in plasma of 32 patients before and after topical treatment. Data were analysed with respect to baseline values of the Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI). RESULTS Baseline plasma concentrations of both TIMP-1 and MMP-1 (1487 +/- 102 and 21.0 +/- 2.5 ng/mL, respectively) were significantly higher (P = 0.02 and 0.03, respectively) than normal. Both TIMP-1 and MMP-1 decreased significantly after completion of treatment to values similar to normal (1112 +/- 127 and 11.3 +/- 1.3 ng/mL, respectively). There was a significant positive correlation (r = 0.522) between baseline PASI and TIMP-1 values. Significant differences were observed between baseline TIMP-1 concentrations in groups with PASI < 15 and PASI > 20. Baseline values (1697 +/- 162 ng/mL) in patients with severe course of the disease (PASI > 20) were significantly elevated in comparison to normal values. Treatment caused a decrease in TIMP-1 plasma concentrations in all groups, but a significant difference was noted only in patients with pretreatment PASI > 20. Baseline MMP-1 concentrations exceeded significantly normal values only in patients with PASI < 15 (27.2 +/- 6.3 ng/mL) and 15-20 (18.4 +/- 1.4 ng/mL). Treatment caused a significant decrease in MMP-1-values in all groups to levels similar to normal. CONCLUSIONS Our results confirm the role of TIMP-1 and MMP-1 in the pathogenesis of psoriasis. Pretreatment plasma TIMP-1 increased whereas MMP-1 decreased in patients with a more severe course of the disease. However, successful treatment causes normalization of these plasma protein concentrations irrespective of psoriasis baseline activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Flisiak
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-540 Bialystok, Zurawia str. 14, Poland.
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Flisiak R, Jaroszewicz J, Lapiński TW, Flisiak I, Rogalska M, Prokopowicz D. Plasma transforming growth factor β1, metalloproteinase-1 and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-1 in acute viral hepatitis type B. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005; 131:54-8. [PMID: 16081167 DOI: 10.1016/j.regpep.2005.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2005] [Revised: 06/03/2005] [Accepted: 06/07/2005] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
AIM Antiproliferative, pro-apoptotic and immunosuppressive activity effects suggest crucial role of transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta1, metalloproteinase (MMP)-1 and its tissue inhibitor (TIMP)-1 in the pathogenesis of acute liver injury that in some patients precede development of chronic liver diseases and fibrogenesis. The aim of this study was to evaluate effect of acute HBV infection on plasma TGF-beta1, MMP-1 and TIMP-1 levels. METHODS TGF-beta1, MMP-1 and TIMP-1 plasma concentrations were measured with an enzyme immunoassay in 39 patients with acute viral hepatitis type B. Baseline measurement was performed within the first week of jaundice and then weekly up to the fourth week of the disease. Results were compared to baseline and normal values and to liver function tests. RESULTS Plasma concentrations of TGF-beta1, TIMP-1 and MMP-1 were significantly elevated in the first week of acute viral B hepatitis in comparison to normal. Analysis of individual values demonstrated significant positive correlation between plasma concentrations of TGF-beta1 and TIMP-1. There was no correlation between MMP-1 and TGF-beta1 or TIMP-1. Significant correlation was demonstrated between both TGF-beta1 and ALT or AST as well as between TIMP-1 and ALT, AST or bilirubin. Elevated baseline levels of both TGF-beta1 and TIMP-1 decreased gradually in consecutive weeks of the disease. TGF-beta1 but not TIMP-1 plasma concentrations were significantly lower in 3rd and 4th week than baseline values. MMP-1 concentration remained on baseline level in the 2nd week of the disease. However in the 3rd week its values increased suddenly but the significant difference in comparison to baseline was observed only in 4th week. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate important role of TGF-beta1, TIMP-1 and MMP-1 in acute viral hepatitis, that seems to be connected first of all with hepatocytes damage. Their role in extracellular matrix metabolism during acute liver injury needs further evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Flisiak
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-540 Bialystok, Zurawia str., 14, Poland.
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N/A. N/A. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2004; 12:2907-2910. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v12.i12.2907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
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