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Benjakul S, Nakju S, Thitavisiddho Wongsai W, Junjula T. Using an ecological model of health behaviour to identify factors associated with smoking behaviour among Buddhist novices in Thailand: a cross-sectional digital survey. BMJ Open 2024; 14:e082734. [PMID: 38626965 PMCID: PMC11029314 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-082734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Buddhist novices reside in Buddhist temples, which are legally designated as smoke-free areas. Nevertheless, similar to other men in their age group, they are susceptible to various risk factors that lead to smoking. This digital survey aimed to examine tobacco smoking and its associated factors among Buddhist novices in Thailand. DESIGN A cross-sectional digital survey. SETTING 88 temple-based schools in Thailand. PARTICIPANTS A stratified two-stage cluster sampling method was employed to select 5371 novices. Data were collected between June and August 2022 using self-administered electronic questionnaires. MEASURE Descriptive statistics and multivariable logistic regression analysis were used to identify the associated factors. RESULTS Overall, 32.8% of the respondents reported they had tried smoking, and the average age of initiation was 12.4 years. In the past 30 days, 25.7% had smoked any tobacco product. Multiple factors following the ecological model of health behaviour were found to be statistically associated with smoking by 37.3%. Among these were intrapersonal-level factors, such as age, living in the southern region and attempted smoking. Two were interpersonal-level factors: the smoking behaviour of close relatives, specifically parents, and their respected monks. Two were institutional-level factors: perceiving that temple-based schools are smoke-free areas and exposure to secondhand smoke. Three factors at the community and policy levels were noticed tobacco advertising at the point of sale, social media and tobacco promotion. CONCLUSION The findings of this study support the development of comprehensive intervention programmes that address the multiple factors to prevent Buddhist novices from smoking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarunya Benjakul
- Department of Health Education and Behavioral Sciences, Faculty of Public Health, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Saroj Nakju
- Faculty of Public Health, Ramkhamhaeng University, Bangkok, Thailand
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Hong S, Woo S, Kim S, Park J, Lee M, Kim S, Koyanagi A, Smith L, Kim MS, López Sánchez GF, Dragioti E, Rahmati M, Fond G, Boyer L, Oh J, Lee H, Yon DK. National prevalence of smoking among adolescents at tobacco tax increase and COVID-19 pandemic in South Korea, 2005-2022. Sci Rep 2024; 14:7823. [PMID: 38570551 PMCID: PMC10991517 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-58446-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Prior research has predominantly focused on the overall effects of the tobacco tax increase and the COVID-19 pandemic on adolescent smoking behavior. However, there is a need to examine both the immediate and sustained associations of these two factors on subgroups of adolescents, employing an interrupted time-series model. We aimed to investigate the immediate and sustained association of tobacco tax increase and the COVID-19 pandemic on adolescent smoking prevalence. This study utilized data from the Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-Based Survey to analyze the prevalence of current smoking among all participants (CSP) and the prevalence of daily smoking among current smokers (DSP) of Korean adolescents (n = 1,159,995; mean, age 14.99; male 51.5%) over 18 years from 2005 to 2022. The study examined 18-year trends in CSP and DSP among Korean adolescents, emphasizing the influences of the 2015 tobacco tax increase and the COVID-19 pandemic, using β coefficients and their differences (βdiff) from an interrupted time-series ARIMA model. While CSP exhibited a decreasing trend, DSP exhibited an increasing trend. Tobacco tax increase was associated with both the short and long terms in smoking prevalence, however, the short-term association on prevalence (CSP, - 3.076 [95% CI, - 3.707 to - 2.445]; DSP, - 4.112 [95% CI, - 6.488 to - 1.735]) was stronger. The pandemic was associated with an immediate increase in DSP (9.345 [95% CI, 5.285-13.406]). These effects were strongest among adolescents from low economic status and those exposed to familial secondhand smoking. Supportive programs for adolescents in low-income families will help overcome the effects associated with the pandemic. As a tobacco tax increase was associated with a reduction in smoking prevalence, this could be one method to overcome the effects of the pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seohyun Hong
- Department of Medicine, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Selin Woo
- Center for Digital Health, Medical Science Research Institute, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Seokjun Kim
- Department of Medicine, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jaeyu Park
- Center for Digital Health, Medical Science Research Institute, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Regulatory Science, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Myeongcheol Lee
- Center for Digital Health, Medical Science Research Institute, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Regulatory Science, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sunyoung Kim
- Department of Family Medicine, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ai Koyanagi
- Research and Development Unit, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Deu, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lee Smith
- Centre for Health, Performance and Wellbeing, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, UK
| | - Min Seo Kim
- Cardiovascular Disease Initiative, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Guillermo F López Sánchez
- Division of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Department of Public Health Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Elena Dragioti
- Pain and Rehabilitation Centre, and Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
- Research Laboratory Psychology of Patients, Families, and Health Professionals, Department of Nursing, School of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Masoud Rahmati
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Literature and Human Sciences, Lorestan University, Khoramabad, Iran
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Literature and Humanities, Vali-e-Asr University of Rafsanjan, Rafsanjan, Iran
- CEReSS-Health Service Research and Quality of Life Center, Assistance Publique Des Hôpitaux de Marseille, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | - Guillaume Fond
- CEReSS-Health Service Research and Quality of Life Center, Assistance Publique Des Hôpitaux de Marseille, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | - Laurent Boyer
- CEReSS-Health Service Research and Quality of Life Center, Assistance Publique Des Hôpitaux de Marseille, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | - Jiyeon Oh
- Department of Medicine, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hojae Lee
- Center for Digital Health, Medical Science Research Institute, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Regulatory Science, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Dong Keon Yon
- Department of Medicine, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
- Center for Digital Health, Medical Science Research Institute, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
- Department of Regulatory Science, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea.
- Department of Pediatrics, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, 23 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 02447, South Korea.
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Abbasi-Dokht-Rafsanjani M, Hosseinzadeh S, Bakhshi E, Azizi F, Khalili D. Factors associated with smoking intensity among adult smokers: findings from the longitudinal cohort of the Tehran lipid and glucose study. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:2512. [PMID: 38102617 PMCID: PMC10722763 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-17232-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Smoking is a significant public health problem, and there is a scarcity of documents regarding its severity, particularly in developing countries. This study aimed to determine factors related to the number of cigarettes consumed daily by adult smokers in Tehran. METHODS This study was conducted within the framework of the longitudinal study of Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study (TLGS). The study included 786 adult smokers living during four consecutive follow-ups from 2005 to 2016. The intensity of smoking was measured by the number of cigarettes consumed daily by adult smokers. Data analysis was done longitudinally and based on the mixed effects zero-inflated discrete Weibull (ZIDW) regression model. RESULTS The mean age of the individuals was 40.35 ± 12.68 years, and 643 (81.8%) of them were men. Also, 52.7% of individuals were daily smokers, 15.6% were occasional smokers, and 31.7% were non-smokers who became smokers during the study. Variables of age 1.005 (95%CI: 1.001-1.008), gender of male 1.196 (95%CI: 1.051-1.39), and marital status (divorced/widowed vs. single) 1.168 (95%CI: 1.015-1.39) were positively associated with smoking intensity. Education level (master and higher vs. illiterate) 0.675 (95%CI: 0.492-0.926)), employment status (student vs. unemployed) 0.683 (95%CI: 0.522-0.917), (housewife vs. unemployed) 0.742 (95%CI: 0.606-0.895), (Unemployed with income vs. unemployed) 0.804 (95%CI: 0.697, 0.923), implementation of smoking prohibition regulations (yes vs. no) 0.88 (95%CI: 0.843-0.932), and history of cardiovascular disease in male relatives (yes vs. no) 0.85 (95%CI: 0.771-0.951) were associated with lower smoking intensity. CONCLUSION We showed that demographic factors are associated with the intensity of smoking among adults and should be considered in policymakers' intervention programs to reduce smoking and quit smoking.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Samaneh Hosseinzadeh
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Enayatollah Bakhshi
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Fereidoun Azizi
- Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Davood Khalili
- Prevention of Metabolic Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Division of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Luna-Castillo KP, López-Quintero A, Carrera-Quintanar L, Llamas-Covarrubias IM, Muñoz-Valle JF, Márquez-Sandoval F. The Influence of Lifestyle on High-Density Lipoprotein Concentration among Mexican Emerging Adults. Nutrients 2023; 15:4568. [PMID: 37960221 PMCID: PMC10649881 DOI: 10.3390/nu15214568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 10/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have highlighted the role of lifestyle on HDL-C concentrations in adults. To our knowledge, the health and nutritional status of emerging adults have been understudied. The present study aimed to explore the most important lifestyle factors, including micronutrient intake adequacy and the percentage of energy from food processing, according to HDL-C concentrations in emerging adults. In this context, a cross-sectional analysis was conducted on 261 Mexican emerging adults who were apparently healthy. Lifestyle factors were collected through a structured survey and the prevalence of micronutrient intake inadequacy was estimated using the estimated average requirement cut-point method. The percentage of energy from ultra-processed foods was assessed using the NOVA system. HDL-C was determined using the enzymatic colorimetric method. Statistical analyses were conducted in SPSS. The results revealed that lifestyle factors do not differ according to HDL-C status. The participants showed a poor nutritional diet that was energy-dense and micronutrient-inadequate. Nearly half of their energy came from processed and ultra-processed foods. Most participants did not meet the recommendations for key nutrients (ϖ3 fatty acids and phytosterols) that promote a healthy lipid status. In conclusion, regardless of their HDL-C levels, emerging adults exhibited lifestyle-related risk factors. The persistence of these findings over time could contribute to the development of metabolic disorders in the future. It is crucial to increase understanding and to develop effective nutritional interventions during this critical phase of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karla Paulina Luna-Castillo
- Doctorado en Ciencias de la Nutrición Traslacional (DCNT), Departamento de Clínicas de la Reproducción Humana, Crecimiento y Desarrollo Infantil, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud (CUCS), Universidad de Guadalajara (UdeG), Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico; (K.P.L.-C.); (L.C.-Q.); (I.M.L.-C.); (J.F.M.-V.)
- Instituto de Nutrigenética y Nutrigenómica Traslacional (INNUGET), Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud (CUCS), Universidad de Guadalajara (UdeG), Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Andres López-Quintero
- Doctorado en Ciencias de la Nutrición Traslacional (DCNT), Departamento de Clínicas de la Reproducción Humana, Crecimiento y Desarrollo Infantil, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud (CUCS), Universidad de Guadalajara (UdeG), Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico; (K.P.L.-C.); (L.C.-Q.); (I.M.L.-C.); (J.F.M.-V.)
- Instituto de Nutrigenética y Nutrigenómica Traslacional (INNUGET), Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud (CUCS), Universidad de Guadalajara (UdeG), Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Lucrecia Carrera-Quintanar
- Doctorado en Ciencias de la Nutrición Traslacional (DCNT), Departamento de Clínicas de la Reproducción Humana, Crecimiento y Desarrollo Infantil, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud (CUCS), Universidad de Guadalajara (UdeG), Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico; (K.P.L.-C.); (L.C.-Q.); (I.M.L.-C.); (J.F.M.-V.)
- Instituto de Investigación en Cáncer en la Infancia y Adolescencia (INICIA), Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud (CUCS), Universidad de Guadalajara (UdeG), Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Iris Monserrat Llamas-Covarrubias
- Doctorado en Ciencias de la Nutrición Traslacional (DCNT), Departamento de Clínicas de la Reproducción Humana, Crecimiento y Desarrollo Infantil, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud (CUCS), Universidad de Guadalajara (UdeG), Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico; (K.P.L.-C.); (L.C.-Q.); (I.M.L.-C.); (J.F.M.-V.)
- Instituto de Nutrigenética y Nutrigenómica Traslacional (INNUGET), Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud (CUCS), Universidad de Guadalajara (UdeG), Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - José Francisco Muñoz-Valle
- Doctorado en Ciencias de la Nutrición Traslacional (DCNT), Departamento de Clínicas de la Reproducción Humana, Crecimiento y Desarrollo Infantil, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud (CUCS), Universidad de Guadalajara (UdeG), Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico; (K.P.L.-C.); (L.C.-Q.); (I.M.L.-C.); (J.F.M.-V.)
- Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Biomédicas (IICB), Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud (CUCS), Universidad de Guadalajara (UdeG), Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Fabiola Márquez-Sandoval
- Doctorado en Ciencias de la Nutrición Traslacional (DCNT), Departamento de Clínicas de la Reproducción Humana, Crecimiento y Desarrollo Infantil, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud (CUCS), Universidad de Guadalajara (UdeG), Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico; (K.P.L.-C.); (L.C.-Q.); (I.M.L.-C.); (J.F.M.-V.)
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Gakkhar A, Mehendale A, Mehendale S. Tobacco Cessation Intervention for Young People. Cureus 2022; 14:e30308. [PMID: 36407239 PMCID: PMC9659423 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.30308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Most adolescent tobacco control programs focus on preventing consumption, but teen smoking persists. It is uncertain whether adult-specific therapies can assist adolescents in quitting smoking. The rising incidence of smoking in low and middle-socioeconomic countries and the challenges of conducting tobacco cessation programs in these settings (due to increasing population, poor lifestyle, lack of awareness and education, professional stress, and non-compliance) need an emphasis on the scope of trials to conduct tobacco cessation in these settings. In the 11th Five Year Plan, the Indian government introduced a new National Tobacco Control Program, which currently spans 108 districts in 31 states across the country. The objective is to review the randomized control trials of selected individuals held in India and assess and evaluate the effectiveness of the steps taken by the government to help people quit tobacco consumption. These programs are important because of the hazards and impact they have on the public health indices of the nation. The government has taken steps like prohibiting smoking in public areas and banning sources. Several programs, particularly those that employed group counselling, included a range of approaches that proved beneficial in helping young people quit smoking. The RCTs mentioned are psychosocially followed by behavioral and pharmacological therapies. The challenges faced are not having participatory health care, motivating tobacco users to quit even in the short-term, adequate coverage; barriers at a different level of implementation (at a regional, state, or national level); and interference by the tobacco industry should be eliminated. The currently functioning programs in India are the National Tobacco Control Program, the National and three Regional Quitlines and mCessation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avni Gakkhar
- Community Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Medical Sciences, Wardha, IND
| | - Ashok Mehendale
- Community Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Medical Sciences, Wardha, IND
| | - Shivansh Mehendale
- Community Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Insititute of Medical Sciences, Wardha, IND
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Kim SY, Cho SI. Developmental trajectories of tobacco use and risk factors from adolescence to emerging young adulthood: a population-based panel study. BMC Public Health 2022; 22:1636. [PMID: 36038859 PMCID: PMC9425982 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-022-14070-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Adolescence to young adulthood is a critical developmental period that determines lifelong patterns of tobacco use. We examined the longitudinal trajectories of tobacco use, and risk factors for its use, and explored the association between the trajectories of mobile phone dependency and smoking throughout the life-course among adolescents and young adults. Methods Data of 1,723 subjects (853 boys and 870 girls) were obtained from six waves of the Korean Children and Youth Panel Survey (mean age = 13.9–19.9 years). To identify trajectories of smoking and mobile phone dependency, group-based trajectory modelling (GBTM) was conducted. A multinomial logistic regression analysis was performed to identify the characteristics of the trajectory groups. Results GBTM identified four distinct smoking trajectories: never smokers (69.1%), persistent light smokers (8.7%), early established smokers (12.0%), and late escalators (10.3%). Successful school adjustment decreased the risk of being an early established smoker (odds ratio [OR] 0.46, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.27–0.78). The number of days not supervised by a guardian after school was positively associated with the risk of being an early established smoker (OR 1.96, 95% CI 1.23–3.13). Dependency on mobile phones throughout the life-course was positively associated with the risk of being a persistent light smoker (OR 4.04, 95% CI 1.32–12.34) or early established smoker (OR 8.18, 95% CI 4.04–16.56). Conclusions Based on the group-based modeling approach, we identified four distinctive smoking trajectories and highlight the long-term effects of mobile phone dependency, from early adolescence to young adulthood, on smoking patterns. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12889-022-14070-3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seong Yeon Kim
- Department of Public Health Science, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Il Cho
- Department of Public Health Science, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea. .,Institute of Health and Environment, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Korea.
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Noh JW, Kim MH, Lee Y, Kwon YD, Kim KB, Lee HJ, Yoo KB. Association between smokeless tobacco use and cigarette smoking amount by age. BMC Public Health 2022; 22:505. [PMID: 35292000 PMCID: PMC8922879 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-022-12929-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The use of smokeless tobacco has increased worldwide among young people. This study aimed to investigate the association between smokeless tobacco use and cigarette smoking amount in adult smoker groups stratified by age. METHOD 2013-2015 National Health Interview Survey was used. A total of 19,635 subjects were included in our analysis. Propensity score matching was used to adjust for selection and any other bias. Generalized estimating equation was used to analyze the association between smokeless tobacco use and cigarette smoking amount by age. RESULTS All 580 smokeless tobacco users were matched to 2,900 non-smokeless tobacco users. Among those who were aged under 30, smokeless tobacco use was positively associated with the number of cigarettes used per day. Smokeless tobacco users who were aged under 30 and tried quitting smoking used more cigarettes than those who did non-smokeless tobacco users. CONCLUSIONS The present study revealed that among those who were aged under 30, smokeless tobacco use was positively associated with the number of cigarettes used per day. This study could contribute to understand the behaviors and tendencies of smoking in young adulthood and to establish effective smoking cessation methods for their age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Won Noh
- Division of Health Administration, College of Software and Digital Healthcare Convergence, Yonsei University, Wonju, 220710 Korea
| | - Min-Hee Kim
- Department of Physical Therapy, Eulji University, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Yejin Lee
- Department of Public Health, Graduate School, Korea University, Seoul, 02841 Republic of Korea
| | - Young Dae Kwon
- Department of Humanities and Social Medicine, College of Medicine and Catholic Institute for Healthcare Management, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyoung-Beom Kim
- Department of Health Administration, Dankook University, Yongin, Republic of Korea
| | - Hae-Jeung Lee
- Department of Food & Nutrition, Gachon University, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki-Bong Yoo
- Division of Health Administration, College of Software and Digital Healthcare Convergence, Yonsei University, Wonju, 220710 Korea
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Electronic Cigarette Use and Other Factors Associated with Cigarette Smoking among Thai Undergraduate Students. Healthcare (Basel) 2022; 10:healthcare10020240. [PMID: 35206855 PMCID: PMC8871931 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare10020240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Revised: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of smoking among young adults in Thailand has gradually increased. Therefore, this study aimed to identify factors associated with cigarette smoking among undergraduate students. This cross-sectional study used a self-administered, anonymous online questionnaire to gather data from undergraduate students across four universities in Chiang Mai Province, Thailand. All 1126 participants were an average age of 21.30 years old (SD 1.48). The findings revealed seven factors significantly associated with cigarette smoking (p < 0.05), including male sex, having no medical conditions, consuming alcohol daily and consuming alcohol in the past, having brothers or sisters who smoked cigarettes, having a father or mother who smoked cigarettes, having parents who considered smoking acceptable and having parents who had uncertain concerns about smoking, and had or have used electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes). These associated factors could be useful in implementing appropriate tobacco-control programs to prevent cigarette smoking among undergraduate students. Relevant organizations, universities and healthcare professionals should communicate correct and appropriate information about the illness and diseases caused by using tobacco products to strengthen the correct perceptions of the harms of cigarette smoking and e-cigarette use among undergraduate students. Furthermore, smoke-free policies should be monitored and strictly enforced, particularly in university areas.
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Kim S, Cho SI. Smoking-related behaviour changes among Korean men after the 2015 tobacco price increase: assessing the implications for the tobacco endgame using a reconstructed retrospective cohort study. BMJ Open 2022; 12:e051712. [PMID: 34983761 PMCID: PMC8728404 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-051712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To examine the effect of Korea's 2015 tax policy, discuss its effectiveness and limitations and present future directions for tax policy in the context of the tobacco endgame. DESIGN A retrospectively reconstructed cohort study. SETTING Korea, August 2014-October 2015. PARTICIPANTS The study examined 41,605 male smokers aged 19 years and older who participated in the 2015 Korea Community Health Survey. MEASURES AND ANALYSIS Binary and multinomial logistic regression was used to assess the impact of the tax policy on smoking-related behaviour. We adjusted for demographic and health-related variables. RESULTS Among 41,605 men who were smokers in 2014, 15,499 (35.85%, weighted) reported being affected by the price increase. Of all smokers, 1,772 (3.96%, weighted) reported quitting smoking because of the tobacco price increase. Others reduced their smoking amount (n=9,714, 22.48%, weighted) or made other changes such as switching brands (n=4,013, 9.41%, weighted). An additional 2,401 smokers (5.72%, weighted) quit smoking for reasons other than the tobacco price increase. Compared with those in the highest quintile of household income, the odds that those in the lowest quintile quit smoking due to the price increase were almost twice as high (OR=1.98, 95% CI 1.54 to 2.54). CONCLUSIONS Korea's 2015 tobacco price increase affected a significant number of smokers within a year, especially in the lowest income group, inducing some to quit or reduce their smoking amount. However, more smokers quit for reasons independent of the price change. Tax policy can effectively reduce smoking, but needs to be combined with other policies for optimal results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seulgi Kim
- Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sung-Il Cho
- Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
- Institute of Health and Environment, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
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Brito ES, Bessel M, Dornelles T, Moreno F, Pereira G, Da Ros Wendland EM. A Cross-Sectional Evaluation of Cigarette Smoking in the Brazilian Youth Population. Front Public Health 2021; 9:614592. [PMID: 34805056 PMCID: PMC8599129 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2021.614592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: The transition from adolescence to adulthood involves a variety of physical, behavioral, and social transformations, often including tobacco use. Because understanding smoking at this stage is important for tobacco control, we aimed to analyze the prevalence of cigarette smoking in the Brazilian youth population. Methods: This study included participants aged 16-25 years from all Brazilian capitals. A standardized questionnaire was administered by trained healthcare professionals to collect information about sociodemographic status, sexual behavior, and tobacco use. The samples from each capital were weighted by age range and sex. Results: Of the 8,581 participants, 15.1% were current smokers, and 20.0% were former smokers; the average age at first tobacco use was 15.5 years. The prevalence of smoking in men was higher than that in women (20.1 vs. 10.3%, p < 0.01). Education level was associated with current smoking and former smoking. Participants with an elementary education level had a higher smoking prevalence (PR: 5.84, 95%, CI: 4.29-7.95) than those with a secondary education (PR: 2.19, 95% CI: 1.63-2.93) and those with higher education. Those without current partners (PR: 1.27, 95% CI: 1.03-1.56) also had a higher prevalence of smoking than those with partners, and participants who had a previous same-sex sexual experience smoked more (PR: 2.29, 95% CI: 1.78-2.96) than those who did not. In addition, regular use of alcohol was associated with higher prevalence of cigarette smoking (PR: 5.65, 95% CI: 4.03-7.90) than a lack of alcohol consumption. Skin color and socioeconomic class did not exhibit significant relationships with tobacco use patterns. Conclusions: Smoking was associated with education level regardless of social class, and some specific behaviors associated with a same-sex sexual experience were associated with a higher prevalence of smoking. These findings are important for formulating policies and directing actions to combat and prevent smoking among young populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emerson Silveira Brito
- Hospital Moinhos de Vento, Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Federal University of Health Science of Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | | | - Thayane Dornelles
- Hospital Moinhos de Vento, Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Federal University of Health Science of Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Flávia Moreno
- Department of Chronic Diseases Conditions and Sexually Transmitted Diseases, Ministry of Health, Brasilia, Brazil
| | - Gerson Pereira
- Department of Chronic Diseases Conditions and Sexually Transmitted Diseases, Ministry of Health, Brasilia, Brazil
| | - Eliana Márcia Da Ros Wendland
- Hospital Moinhos de Vento, Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Federal University of Health Science of Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
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Hong HC, Kim YM, Min A. Symptom clusters in childhood cancer survivors in Korea: A latent class analysis. Eur J Cancer Care (Engl) 2020; 29:e13322. [DOI: 10.1111/ecc.13322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2019] [Revised: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hye Chong Hong
- Chung‐Ang University Red Cross College of Nursing Seoul South Korea
| | - Young Man Kim
- College of Nursing, Research Institute of Nursing Science Jeonbuk National University Jeonju‐si Jeollabuk‐do South Korea
| | - Ari Min
- Chung‐Ang University Red Cross College of Nursing Seoul South Korea
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Trajectory of smoking and early bladder cancer risk among Korean young adult men. Cancer Causes Control 2020; 31:943-949. [PMID: 32812183 PMCID: PMC7458885 DOI: 10.1007/s10552-020-01335-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Accepted: 08/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Objectives The aim of this study was to examine the risk of bladder cancer according to the trajectory pattern of amount of smoking among Korean young adult men. Methods Smoking status was assessed with a standardized questionnaire in the Korean Life Course Health Study (KLCHS). Trajectory analyses were performed among young adult men using seven repeated surveys of cigarette per day (CPD) every two years from 1992 to 2005. The occurrence of bladder cancer was tracked from 2006 to 2016. The Cox proportional models were used to calculate the hazard ratio (HR) (95% confidence interval) of smoking patterns on bladder cancer. Results The mean (standard deviation) age of the 161,069 participants was 34.0 (3.9) years, and 2,280,143 person-years (PY) were examined during the follow-up period of 14.2 (median 14.3) years. During this period, 263 new cases of bladder cancer occurred (11.5/100,000 PY). Among the six trajectory groups (low steady, lowering, rise and fall, high steady, rise and sharp fall, and very high steady), there was a higher risk of developing bladder cancer in the all the other groups compared to the low steady group. The highest risk group was the very high steady group, with HR 2.83 (95% CI 1.79–4.49). In addition, the risk of bladder cancer was 2.61 (95% CI 1.50–4.54) in the rise and sharp fall group. Conclusion The risk of bladder cancer did not show much difference according to trajectories, except for low steady group. Thus quitting smoking should be the priority to lower the risk of bladder cancer in smokers. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1007/s10552-020-01335-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Wipfli H, Bhuiyan MR, Qin X, Gainullina Y, Palaganas E, Jimba M, Saito J, Ernstrom K, Raman R, Withers M. Tobacco use and E-cigarette regulation: Perspectives of University Students in the Asia-Pacific. Addict Behav 2020; 107:106420. [PMID: 32251875 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2020.106420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2019] [Revised: 01/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The Asia-Pacific is home to 30% of the world's smokers. Additional efforts are needed to reduce negative health impacts of tobacco, including e-cigarettes. The study objectives were to 1. Investigate Asian-Pacific students' knowledge, attitudes, and use of tobacco products; 2. Determine the level of student support for tobacco control policies; and 3. Examine differences in students' attitudes by the strength of national tobacco control policies based on implementation of WHO's MPOWER package, and e-cigarette regulation in their countries. METHODS A total of 1953 students from members of the Association of Pacific Rim Universities in 13 countries completed the online survey. We compared the results by the Fisher-Freeman-Halton test. RESULTS While about 83% of students had heard of e-cigarettes; only 14.1% had tried them. Students in countries with e-cigarette bans were the least likely to report having experimented with e-cigarettes (8.1%). While the vast majority of students (87.9%) reported having seen health campaigns targeting combustible cigarettes, far fewer (42.5%) had seen any health campaigns targeting e-cigarettes. About 80% of students supported smoke-free campuses, with the most support coming from those in countries with the weakest adoption of MPOWER policies (88.7%) and no e-cigarette regulations (80.4%). Students in countries with the weakest MPOWER policies were also the most likely to support campus bans and government regulation of e-cigarettes. CONCLUSIONS The adoption of tobacco control polices by government may have an impact on e-cigarette smoking behavior among students, and student support for tobacco control, including noncombustible products, is high. Universities should take action by adopting comprehensive tobacco control measures that include e-cigarette regulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather Wipfli
- University of Southern California, Keck School of Medicine, 2001 N Soto Street, Los Angeles, CA 90032, USA.
| | - Mahfuzur Rahman Bhuiyan
- Organization for Human Development Initiatives through Research (OHDIR) Foundation, 403 East Kafrul, Dhaka Cantonment, Dhaka 1206, Bangladesh
| | - Xuezheng Qin
- Peking University, School of Economics, No 5 Yiheyuan Rd, Beijing 100871, China.
| | - Yuliya Gainullina
- Far Eastern Federal University, School of Arts and Humanities, Sukhanova 8, Vladivostok, Russia.
| | - Erlinda Palaganas
- University of the Philippines Baguio, Governor Pack Road, Baguio City 2600, Philippines.
| | - Masamine Jimba
- Department of Community and Global Health, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.
| | - Junko Saito
- Division of Prevention, Centre for Public Health Sciences, National Cancer Centre, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan.
| | - Karin Ernstrom
- Alzheimer's Therapeutic Research Institute, Keck School of Medicine of USC University of Southern California, 9860 Mesa Rim Rd, San Diego, CA 92121, USA.
| | - Rema Raman
- University of Southern California, Keck School of Medicine. 2001 N Soto Street SSB 318G, Los Angeles, CA 90032, USA.
| | - Mellissa Withers
- University of Southern California, Keck School of Medicine, 2001 N Soto Street, Los Angeles, CA 90032, USA.
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Lee Y, Lee KS, Kim H. Predictors of Abstinence from Smoking: A Retrospective Study of Male College Students Enrolled in a Smoking Cessation Service. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:ijerph16183363. [PMID: 31547229 PMCID: PMC6765825 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16183363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2019] [Revised: 09/06/2019] [Accepted: 09/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
There were high smoking rates among young male college students in Korea. We aimed to investigate the prevalence of and factors affecting abstinence from smoking following smoking cessation service attendance in this population. Data were collected between 1 August 2015 and 20 August 2018. Participants were administered more than nine face-to-face and telephone counseling sessions by trained tobacco cessation specialists for six months. Follow-up assessments were conducted at 4, 6, and 12 weeks, and 6 months after the quit date. A total of 3978 male college student smokers were enrolled; their mean age was 23.17 (±3.45) years. Almost one-third of the participants (64.9%) reported that they had attempted to quit during the past year. The number of cigarettes smoked per day, CO ppm, and Fagerström Test of Nicotine Dependence score at the baseline were negatively associated with abstinence, while motivational variables-importance, confidence, and readiness-were positively associated with abstinence. Our results suggest that provision of visiting smoking cessation services can be an active intervention platform for college student smokers who need professional assistance or support. Active and accessible support should be provided to such people. Visiting a smoking cessation service may result in increased long-term abstinence rates in such students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeji Lee
- Department of Public Health, Graduate School, The Catholic University of Korea, 222 Banpo-daero, Seocho-gu, Seoul 06591, Korea.
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 222 Banpo-daero, Seocho-gu, Seoul 06591, Korea.
- Seoul Tobacco Control Center, 222 Banpo-daero, Seocho-gu, Seoul 06591, Korea.
| | - Kang-Sook Lee
- Department of Public Health, Graduate School, The Catholic University of Korea, 222 Banpo-daero, Seocho-gu, Seoul 06591, Korea.
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 222 Banpo-daero, Seocho-gu, Seoul 06591, Korea.
- Seoul Tobacco Control Center, 222 Banpo-daero, Seocho-gu, Seoul 06591, Korea.
| | - Haena Kim
- Department of Public Health, Graduate School, The Catholic University of Korea, 222 Banpo-daero, Seocho-gu, Seoul 06591, Korea.
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 222 Banpo-daero, Seocho-gu, Seoul 06591, Korea.
- Seoul Tobacco Control Center, 222 Banpo-daero, Seocho-gu, Seoul 06591, Korea.
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