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Blant JC, De Rossi NN, Gold R, Maurousset A, Kraemer M, Romero-Pinel L, Misu T, Ouallet JC, Pallix Guyot M, Gerevini S, Bakirtzis C, Piñar Morales R, Vlad B, Karypidis P, Moisset X, Derfuss TJ, Jelcic I, Martin-Blondel G, Ayzenberg I, McGraw C, Laplaud DA, Du Pasquier RA, Bernard-Valnet R. Presentation and Outcome in S1P-RM and Natalizumab-Associated Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy: A Multicenter Cohort Study. NEUROLOGY(R) NEUROIMMUNOLOGY & NEUROINFLAMMATION 2024; 11:e200281. [PMID: 38991170 PMCID: PMC11256981 DOI: 10.1212/nxi.0000000000200281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) is a severe neurologic disease resulting from JC virus reactivation in immunocompromised patients. Certain multiple sclerosis (MS) disease-modifying therapies (DMTs) are associated with PML risk, such as natalizumab and, more rarely, sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor modulators (S1P-RMs). Although natalizumab-associated PML is well documented, information on S1P-RM-associated PML is limited. The aim of this study is to compare clinical presentations and outcomes between the 2 groups. METHODS A retrospective multicenter cohort study included patients with PML from 2009 to 2022 treated with S1P-RMs or natalizumab. Data on clinical and radiologic presentation, outcomes, immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS), survival, disability (using the modified Ranking scale-mRS), and MS relapses post-PML were analyzed. RESULTS Of 88 patients, 84 were analyzed (20 S1P-RM, 64 natalizumab). S1P-RM-associated PML was diagnosed in older patients (median age 52 vs 44 years, p < 0.001) and after longer treatment duration (median 63.9 vs 40 months, p < 0.001). Similarly, S1P-RM patients were more prone to show symptoms at diagnosis (100 vs 80.6%, p = 0.035), had more disseminated lesions (80% vs 34.9%, p = 0.002), and had higher gadolinium enhancement (65% vs 39.1%, p = 0.042). Natalizumab patients had a higher IRIS development rate (OR: 8.3 [1.92-33.3]). Overall, the outcome (mRS) at 12 months was similar in the 2 groups (OR: 0.81 [0.32-2.0]). Yet, post-treatment MS activity was higher in S1P-RM cases (OR: 5.7 [1.4-22.2]). DISCUSSION S1P-RM-associated PML shows reduced IRIS risk but higher post-treatment MS activity. Clinicians should tailor post-PML treatment based on pre-PML medication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie C Blant
- From the Service of Neurology (J.C.B., R.A.D.P., R.B.-V.), Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Lausanne University Hospital (Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois) and University of Lausanne, Switzerland; Regional Multiple Sclerosis Center (N.N.D.R.), ASST-Spedali Civili di Brescia, Montichiari, Italy; Department of Neurology St. Josef-Hospital (R.G., I.A.), Ruhr University Bochum, Germany; Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Tours (A.M.), Hôpital Bretonneau, Service de neurologie, Tours, France; Department of Neurology (M.K.), Alfried Krupp von Bohlen und Halbach Hospital, Essen; Department of Neurology (M.K.), Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University of Düsseldorf, Germany; Neurology Department (L.R.-P.), Multiple Sclerosis Unit, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, IDIBELL, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Neurology (T.M.), Tohoku University Hospital, Japan; Service de Neurologie (J.-C.O.), Pôle des Neurosciences Cliniques, CHU de Bordeaux Pellegrin Tripode; Service de Neurologie et Unité Neurovasculaire (M.P.G.), Centre Hospitalier Régional d'Orléans, France; Unit of Neuroradiology (S.G.), Papa Giovanni XXIII Hospital, Bergamo, Italy; Multiple Sclerosis Center (C.B.), Second Department of Neurology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece; Servicio de Neurología (R.P.M.), Hospital Universitario Clínico San Cecilio, Granada, Spain; Department of Neurology (B.V., I.J.), University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich, ; Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic and Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience (P.K., T.J.D.), Departments of Medicine, Biomedicine, and Clinical Research, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Switzerland; Service de Neurologie (X.M.), Université Clermont Auvergne, CHU de Clermont-Ferrand, Inserm, Neuro-Dol; Infectious and Tropical Diseases Unit (G.M.-B.), University Hospital of Toulouse, France; Department of Neurology (C.M.), State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse; and CHU Nantes (D.A.L.), Service de Neurologie, CRC-SEP, Nantes Université, INSERM, CIC 1413, Center for Research in Transplantation and Translational Immunology, UMR 1064, France
| | - Nicola N De Rossi
- From the Service of Neurology (J.C.B., R.A.D.P., R.B.-V.), Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Lausanne University Hospital (Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois) and University of Lausanne, Switzerland; Regional Multiple Sclerosis Center (N.N.D.R.), ASST-Spedali Civili di Brescia, Montichiari, Italy; Department of Neurology St. Josef-Hospital (R.G., I.A.), Ruhr University Bochum, Germany; Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Tours (A.M.), Hôpital Bretonneau, Service de neurologie, Tours, France; Department of Neurology (M.K.), Alfried Krupp von Bohlen und Halbach Hospital, Essen; Department of Neurology (M.K.), Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University of Düsseldorf, Germany; Neurology Department (L.R.-P.), Multiple Sclerosis Unit, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, IDIBELL, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Neurology (T.M.), Tohoku University Hospital, Japan; Service de Neurologie (J.-C.O.), Pôle des Neurosciences Cliniques, CHU de Bordeaux Pellegrin Tripode; Service de Neurologie et Unité Neurovasculaire (M.P.G.), Centre Hospitalier Régional d'Orléans, France; Unit of Neuroradiology (S.G.), Papa Giovanni XXIII Hospital, Bergamo, Italy; Multiple Sclerosis Center (C.B.), Second Department of Neurology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece; Servicio de Neurología (R.P.M.), Hospital Universitario Clínico San Cecilio, Granada, Spain; Department of Neurology (B.V., I.J.), University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich, ; Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic and Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience (P.K., T.J.D.), Departments of Medicine, Biomedicine, and Clinical Research, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Switzerland; Service de Neurologie (X.M.), Université Clermont Auvergne, CHU de Clermont-Ferrand, Inserm, Neuro-Dol; Infectious and Tropical Diseases Unit (G.M.-B.), University Hospital of Toulouse, France; Department of Neurology (C.M.), State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse; and CHU Nantes (D.A.L.), Service de Neurologie, CRC-SEP, Nantes Université, INSERM, CIC 1413, Center for Research in Transplantation and Translational Immunology, UMR 1064, France
| | - Ralf Gold
- From the Service of Neurology (J.C.B., R.A.D.P., R.B.-V.), Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Lausanne University Hospital (Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois) and University of Lausanne, Switzerland; Regional Multiple Sclerosis Center (N.N.D.R.), ASST-Spedali Civili di Brescia, Montichiari, Italy; Department of Neurology St. Josef-Hospital (R.G., I.A.), Ruhr University Bochum, Germany; Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Tours (A.M.), Hôpital Bretonneau, Service de neurologie, Tours, France; Department of Neurology (M.K.), Alfried Krupp von Bohlen und Halbach Hospital, Essen; Department of Neurology (M.K.), Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University of Düsseldorf, Germany; Neurology Department (L.R.-P.), Multiple Sclerosis Unit, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, IDIBELL, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Neurology (T.M.), Tohoku University Hospital, Japan; Service de Neurologie (J.-C.O.), Pôle des Neurosciences Cliniques, CHU de Bordeaux Pellegrin Tripode; Service de Neurologie et Unité Neurovasculaire (M.P.G.), Centre Hospitalier Régional d'Orléans, France; Unit of Neuroradiology (S.G.), Papa Giovanni XXIII Hospital, Bergamo, Italy; Multiple Sclerosis Center (C.B.), Second Department of Neurology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece; Servicio de Neurología (R.P.M.), Hospital Universitario Clínico San Cecilio, Granada, Spain; Department of Neurology (B.V., I.J.), University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich, ; Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic and Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience (P.K., T.J.D.), Departments of Medicine, Biomedicine, and Clinical Research, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Switzerland; Service de Neurologie (X.M.), Université Clermont Auvergne, CHU de Clermont-Ferrand, Inserm, Neuro-Dol; Infectious and Tropical Diseases Unit (G.M.-B.), University Hospital of Toulouse, France; Department of Neurology (C.M.), State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse; and CHU Nantes (D.A.L.), Service de Neurologie, CRC-SEP, Nantes Université, INSERM, CIC 1413, Center for Research in Transplantation and Translational Immunology, UMR 1064, France
| | - Aude Maurousset
- From the Service of Neurology (J.C.B., R.A.D.P., R.B.-V.), Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Lausanne University Hospital (Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois) and University of Lausanne, Switzerland; Regional Multiple Sclerosis Center (N.N.D.R.), ASST-Spedali Civili di Brescia, Montichiari, Italy; Department of Neurology St. Josef-Hospital (R.G., I.A.), Ruhr University Bochum, Germany; Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Tours (A.M.), Hôpital Bretonneau, Service de neurologie, Tours, France; Department of Neurology (M.K.), Alfried Krupp von Bohlen und Halbach Hospital, Essen; Department of Neurology (M.K.), Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University of Düsseldorf, Germany; Neurology Department (L.R.-P.), Multiple Sclerosis Unit, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, IDIBELL, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Neurology (T.M.), Tohoku University Hospital, Japan; Service de Neurologie (J.-C.O.), Pôle des Neurosciences Cliniques, CHU de Bordeaux Pellegrin Tripode; Service de Neurologie et Unité Neurovasculaire (M.P.G.), Centre Hospitalier Régional d'Orléans, France; Unit of Neuroradiology (S.G.), Papa Giovanni XXIII Hospital, Bergamo, Italy; Multiple Sclerosis Center (C.B.), Second Department of Neurology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece; Servicio de Neurología (R.P.M.), Hospital Universitario Clínico San Cecilio, Granada, Spain; Department of Neurology (B.V., I.J.), University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich, ; Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic and Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience (P.K., T.J.D.), Departments of Medicine, Biomedicine, and Clinical Research, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Switzerland; Service de Neurologie (X.M.), Université Clermont Auvergne, CHU de Clermont-Ferrand, Inserm, Neuro-Dol; Infectious and Tropical Diseases Unit (G.M.-B.), University Hospital of Toulouse, France; Department of Neurology (C.M.), State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse; and CHU Nantes (D.A.L.), Service de Neurologie, CRC-SEP, Nantes Université, INSERM, CIC 1413, Center for Research in Transplantation and Translational Immunology, UMR 1064, France
| | - Markus Kraemer
- From the Service of Neurology (J.C.B., R.A.D.P., R.B.-V.), Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Lausanne University Hospital (Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois) and University of Lausanne, Switzerland; Regional Multiple Sclerosis Center (N.N.D.R.), ASST-Spedali Civili di Brescia, Montichiari, Italy; Department of Neurology St. Josef-Hospital (R.G., I.A.), Ruhr University Bochum, Germany; Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Tours (A.M.), Hôpital Bretonneau, Service de neurologie, Tours, France; Department of Neurology (M.K.), Alfried Krupp von Bohlen und Halbach Hospital, Essen; Department of Neurology (M.K.), Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University of Düsseldorf, Germany; Neurology Department (L.R.-P.), Multiple Sclerosis Unit, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, IDIBELL, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Neurology (T.M.), Tohoku University Hospital, Japan; Service de Neurologie (J.-C.O.), Pôle des Neurosciences Cliniques, CHU de Bordeaux Pellegrin Tripode; Service de Neurologie et Unité Neurovasculaire (M.P.G.), Centre Hospitalier Régional d'Orléans, France; Unit of Neuroradiology (S.G.), Papa Giovanni XXIII Hospital, Bergamo, Italy; Multiple Sclerosis Center (C.B.), Second Department of Neurology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece; Servicio de Neurología (R.P.M.), Hospital Universitario Clínico San Cecilio, Granada, Spain; Department of Neurology (B.V., I.J.), University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich, ; Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic and Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience (P.K., T.J.D.), Departments of Medicine, Biomedicine, and Clinical Research, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Switzerland; Service de Neurologie (X.M.), Université Clermont Auvergne, CHU de Clermont-Ferrand, Inserm, Neuro-Dol; Infectious and Tropical Diseases Unit (G.M.-B.), University Hospital of Toulouse, France; Department of Neurology (C.M.), State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse; and CHU Nantes (D.A.L.), Service de Neurologie, CRC-SEP, Nantes Université, INSERM, CIC 1413, Center for Research in Transplantation and Translational Immunology, UMR 1064, France
| | - Lucía Romero-Pinel
- From the Service of Neurology (J.C.B., R.A.D.P., R.B.-V.), Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Lausanne University Hospital (Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois) and University of Lausanne, Switzerland; Regional Multiple Sclerosis Center (N.N.D.R.), ASST-Spedali Civili di Brescia, Montichiari, Italy; Department of Neurology St. Josef-Hospital (R.G., I.A.), Ruhr University Bochum, Germany; Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Tours (A.M.), Hôpital Bretonneau, Service de neurologie, Tours, France; Department of Neurology (M.K.), Alfried Krupp von Bohlen und Halbach Hospital, Essen; Department of Neurology (M.K.), Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University of Düsseldorf, Germany; Neurology Department (L.R.-P.), Multiple Sclerosis Unit, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, IDIBELL, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Neurology (T.M.), Tohoku University Hospital, Japan; Service de Neurologie (J.-C.O.), Pôle des Neurosciences Cliniques, CHU de Bordeaux Pellegrin Tripode; Service de Neurologie et Unité Neurovasculaire (M.P.G.), Centre Hospitalier Régional d'Orléans, France; Unit of Neuroradiology (S.G.), Papa Giovanni XXIII Hospital, Bergamo, Italy; Multiple Sclerosis Center (C.B.), Second Department of Neurology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece; Servicio de Neurología (R.P.M.), Hospital Universitario Clínico San Cecilio, Granada, Spain; Department of Neurology (B.V., I.J.), University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich, ; Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic and Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience (P.K., T.J.D.), Departments of Medicine, Biomedicine, and Clinical Research, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Switzerland; Service de Neurologie (X.M.), Université Clermont Auvergne, CHU de Clermont-Ferrand, Inserm, Neuro-Dol; Infectious and Tropical Diseases Unit (G.M.-B.), University Hospital of Toulouse, France; Department of Neurology (C.M.), State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse; and CHU Nantes (D.A.L.), Service de Neurologie, CRC-SEP, Nantes Université, INSERM, CIC 1413, Center for Research in Transplantation and Translational Immunology, UMR 1064, France
| | - Tatsuro Misu
- From the Service of Neurology (J.C.B., R.A.D.P., R.B.-V.), Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Lausanne University Hospital (Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois) and University of Lausanne, Switzerland; Regional Multiple Sclerosis Center (N.N.D.R.), ASST-Spedali Civili di Brescia, Montichiari, Italy; Department of Neurology St. Josef-Hospital (R.G., I.A.), Ruhr University Bochum, Germany; Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Tours (A.M.), Hôpital Bretonneau, Service de neurologie, Tours, France; Department of Neurology (M.K.), Alfried Krupp von Bohlen und Halbach Hospital, Essen; Department of Neurology (M.K.), Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University of Düsseldorf, Germany; Neurology Department (L.R.-P.), Multiple Sclerosis Unit, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, IDIBELL, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Neurology (T.M.), Tohoku University Hospital, Japan; Service de Neurologie (J.-C.O.), Pôle des Neurosciences Cliniques, CHU de Bordeaux Pellegrin Tripode; Service de Neurologie et Unité Neurovasculaire (M.P.G.), Centre Hospitalier Régional d'Orléans, France; Unit of Neuroradiology (S.G.), Papa Giovanni XXIII Hospital, Bergamo, Italy; Multiple Sclerosis Center (C.B.), Second Department of Neurology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece; Servicio de Neurología (R.P.M.), Hospital Universitario Clínico San Cecilio, Granada, Spain; Department of Neurology (B.V., I.J.), University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich, ; Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic and Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience (P.K., T.J.D.), Departments of Medicine, Biomedicine, and Clinical Research, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Switzerland; Service de Neurologie (X.M.), Université Clermont Auvergne, CHU de Clermont-Ferrand, Inserm, Neuro-Dol; Infectious and Tropical Diseases Unit (G.M.-B.), University Hospital of Toulouse, France; Department of Neurology (C.M.), State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse; and CHU Nantes (D.A.L.), Service de Neurologie, CRC-SEP, Nantes Université, INSERM, CIC 1413, Center for Research in Transplantation and Translational Immunology, UMR 1064, France
| | - Jean-Christophe Ouallet
- From the Service of Neurology (J.C.B., R.A.D.P., R.B.-V.), Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Lausanne University Hospital (Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois) and University of Lausanne, Switzerland; Regional Multiple Sclerosis Center (N.N.D.R.), ASST-Spedali Civili di Brescia, Montichiari, Italy; Department of Neurology St. Josef-Hospital (R.G., I.A.), Ruhr University Bochum, Germany; Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Tours (A.M.), Hôpital Bretonneau, Service de neurologie, Tours, France; Department of Neurology (M.K.), Alfried Krupp von Bohlen und Halbach Hospital, Essen; Department of Neurology (M.K.), Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University of Düsseldorf, Germany; Neurology Department (L.R.-P.), Multiple Sclerosis Unit, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, IDIBELL, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Neurology (T.M.), Tohoku University Hospital, Japan; Service de Neurologie (J.-C.O.), Pôle des Neurosciences Cliniques, CHU de Bordeaux Pellegrin Tripode; Service de Neurologie et Unité Neurovasculaire (M.P.G.), Centre Hospitalier Régional d'Orléans, France; Unit of Neuroradiology (S.G.), Papa Giovanni XXIII Hospital, Bergamo, Italy; Multiple Sclerosis Center (C.B.), Second Department of Neurology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece; Servicio de Neurología (R.P.M.), Hospital Universitario Clínico San Cecilio, Granada, Spain; Department of Neurology (B.V., I.J.), University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich, ; Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic and Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience (P.K., T.J.D.), Departments of Medicine, Biomedicine, and Clinical Research, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Switzerland; Service de Neurologie (X.M.), Université Clermont Auvergne, CHU de Clermont-Ferrand, Inserm, Neuro-Dol; Infectious and Tropical Diseases Unit (G.M.-B.), University Hospital of Toulouse, France; Department of Neurology (C.M.), State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse; and CHU Nantes (D.A.L.), Service de Neurologie, CRC-SEP, Nantes Université, INSERM, CIC 1413, Center for Research in Transplantation and Translational Immunology, UMR 1064, France
| | - Maud Pallix Guyot
- From the Service of Neurology (J.C.B., R.A.D.P., R.B.-V.), Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Lausanne University Hospital (Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois) and University of Lausanne, Switzerland; Regional Multiple Sclerosis Center (N.N.D.R.), ASST-Spedali Civili di Brescia, Montichiari, Italy; Department of Neurology St. Josef-Hospital (R.G., I.A.), Ruhr University Bochum, Germany; Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Tours (A.M.), Hôpital Bretonneau, Service de neurologie, Tours, France; Department of Neurology (M.K.), Alfried Krupp von Bohlen und Halbach Hospital, Essen; Department of Neurology (M.K.), Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University of Düsseldorf, Germany; Neurology Department (L.R.-P.), Multiple Sclerosis Unit, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, IDIBELL, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Neurology (T.M.), Tohoku University Hospital, Japan; Service de Neurologie (J.-C.O.), Pôle des Neurosciences Cliniques, CHU de Bordeaux Pellegrin Tripode; Service de Neurologie et Unité Neurovasculaire (M.P.G.), Centre Hospitalier Régional d'Orléans, France; Unit of Neuroradiology (S.G.), Papa Giovanni XXIII Hospital, Bergamo, Italy; Multiple Sclerosis Center (C.B.), Second Department of Neurology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece; Servicio de Neurología (R.P.M.), Hospital Universitario Clínico San Cecilio, Granada, Spain; Department of Neurology (B.V., I.J.), University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich, ; Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic and Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience (P.K., T.J.D.), Departments of Medicine, Biomedicine, and Clinical Research, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Switzerland; Service de Neurologie (X.M.), Université Clermont Auvergne, CHU de Clermont-Ferrand, Inserm, Neuro-Dol; Infectious and Tropical Diseases Unit (G.M.-B.), University Hospital of Toulouse, France; Department of Neurology (C.M.), State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse; and CHU Nantes (D.A.L.), Service de Neurologie, CRC-SEP, Nantes Université, INSERM, CIC 1413, Center for Research in Transplantation and Translational Immunology, UMR 1064, France
| | - Simonetta Gerevini
- From the Service of Neurology (J.C.B., R.A.D.P., R.B.-V.), Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Lausanne University Hospital (Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois) and University of Lausanne, Switzerland; Regional Multiple Sclerosis Center (N.N.D.R.), ASST-Spedali Civili di Brescia, Montichiari, Italy; Department of Neurology St. Josef-Hospital (R.G., I.A.), Ruhr University Bochum, Germany; Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Tours (A.M.), Hôpital Bretonneau, Service de neurologie, Tours, France; Department of Neurology (M.K.), Alfried Krupp von Bohlen und Halbach Hospital, Essen; Department of Neurology (M.K.), Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University of Düsseldorf, Germany; Neurology Department (L.R.-P.), Multiple Sclerosis Unit, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, IDIBELL, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Neurology (T.M.), Tohoku University Hospital, Japan; Service de Neurologie (J.-C.O.), Pôle des Neurosciences Cliniques, CHU de Bordeaux Pellegrin Tripode; Service de Neurologie et Unité Neurovasculaire (M.P.G.), Centre Hospitalier Régional d'Orléans, France; Unit of Neuroradiology (S.G.), Papa Giovanni XXIII Hospital, Bergamo, Italy; Multiple Sclerosis Center (C.B.), Second Department of Neurology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece; Servicio de Neurología (R.P.M.), Hospital Universitario Clínico San Cecilio, Granada, Spain; Department of Neurology (B.V., I.J.), University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich, ; Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic and Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience (P.K., T.J.D.), Departments of Medicine, Biomedicine, and Clinical Research, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Switzerland; Service de Neurologie (X.M.), Université Clermont Auvergne, CHU de Clermont-Ferrand, Inserm, Neuro-Dol; Infectious and Tropical Diseases Unit (G.M.-B.), University Hospital of Toulouse, France; Department of Neurology (C.M.), State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse; and CHU Nantes (D.A.L.), Service de Neurologie, CRC-SEP, Nantes Université, INSERM, CIC 1413, Center for Research in Transplantation and Translational Immunology, UMR 1064, France
| | - Christos Bakirtzis
- From the Service of Neurology (J.C.B., R.A.D.P., R.B.-V.), Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Lausanne University Hospital (Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois) and University of Lausanne, Switzerland; Regional Multiple Sclerosis Center (N.N.D.R.), ASST-Spedali Civili di Brescia, Montichiari, Italy; Department of Neurology St. Josef-Hospital (R.G., I.A.), Ruhr University Bochum, Germany; Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Tours (A.M.), Hôpital Bretonneau, Service de neurologie, Tours, France; Department of Neurology (M.K.), Alfried Krupp von Bohlen und Halbach Hospital, Essen; Department of Neurology (M.K.), Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University of Düsseldorf, Germany; Neurology Department (L.R.-P.), Multiple Sclerosis Unit, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, IDIBELL, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Neurology (T.M.), Tohoku University Hospital, Japan; Service de Neurologie (J.-C.O.), Pôle des Neurosciences Cliniques, CHU de Bordeaux Pellegrin Tripode; Service de Neurologie et Unité Neurovasculaire (M.P.G.), Centre Hospitalier Régional d'Orléans, France; Unit of Neuroradiology (S.G.), Papa Giovanni XXIII Hospital, Bergamo, Italy; Multiple Sclerosis Center (C.B.), Second Department of Neurology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece; Servicio de Neurología (R.P.M.), Hospital Universitario Clínico San Cecilio, Granada, Spain; Department of Neurology (B.V., I.J.), University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich, ; Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic and Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience (P.K., T.J.D.), Departments of Medicine, Biomedicine, and Clinical Research, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Switzerland; Service de Neurologie (X.M.), Université Clermont Auvergne, CHU de Clermont-Ferrand, Inserm, Neuro-Dol; Infectious and Tropical Diseases Unit (G.M.-B.), University Hospital of Toulouse, France; Department of Neurology (C.M.), State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse; and CHU Nantes (D.A.L.), Service de Neurologie, CRC-SEP, Nantes Université, INSERM, CIC 1413, Center for Research in Transplantation and Translational Immunology, UMR 1064, France
| | - Raquel Piñar Morales
- From the Service of Neurology (J.C.B., R.A.D.P., R.B.-V.), Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Lausanne University Hospital (Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois) and University of Lausanne, Switzerland; Regional Multiple Sclerosis Center (N.N.D.R.), ASST-Spedali Civili di Brescia, Montichiari, Italy; Department of Neurology St. Josef-Hospital (R.G., I.A.), Ruhr University Bochum, Germany; Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Tours (A.M.), Hôpital Bretonneau, Service de neurologie, Tours, France; Department of Neurology (M.K.), Alfried Krupp von Bohlen und Halbach Hospital, Essen; Department of Neurology (M.K.), Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University of Düsseldorf, Germany; Neurology Department (L.R.-P.), Multiple Sclerosis Unit, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, IDIBELL, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Neurology (T.M.), Tohoku University Hospital, Japan; Service de Neurologie (J.-C.O.), Pôle des Neurosciences Cliniques, CHU de Bordeaux Pellegrin Tripode; Service de Neurologie et Unité Neurovasculaire (M.P.G.), Centre Hospitalier Régional d'Orléans, France; Unit of Neuroradiology (S.G.), Papa Giovanni XXIII Hospital, Bergamo, Italy; Multiple Sclerosis Center (C.B.), Second Department of Neurology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece; Servicio de Neurología (R.P.M.), Hospital Universitario Clínico San Cecilio, Granada, Spain; Department of Neurology (B.V., I.J.), University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich, ; Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic and Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience (P.K., T.J.D.), Departments of Medicine, Biomedicine, and Clinical Research, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Switzerland; Service de Neurologie (X.M.), Université Clermont Auvergne, CHU de Clermont-Ferrand, Inserm, Neuro-Dol; Infectious and Tropical Diseases Unit (G.M.-B.), University Hospital of Toulouse, France; Department of Neurology (C.M.), State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse; and CHU Nantes (D.A.L.), Service de Neurologie, CRC-SEP, Nantes Université, INSERM, CIC 1413, Center for Research in Transplantation and Translational Immunology, UMR 1064, France
| | - Benjamin Vlad
- From the Service of Neurology (J.C.B., R.A.D.P., R.B.-V.), Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Lausanne University Hospital (Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois) and University of Lausanne, Switzerland; Regional Multiple Sclerosis Center (N.N.D.R.), ASST-Spedali Civili di Brescia, Montichiari, Italy; Department of Neurology St. Josef-Hospital (R.G., I.A.), Ruhr University Bochum, Germany; Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Tours (A.M.), Hôpital Bretonneau, Service de neurologie, Tours, France; Department of Neurology (M.K.), Alfried Krupp von Bohlen und Halbach Hospital, Essen; Department of Neurology (M.K.), Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University of Düsseldorf, Germany; Neurology Department (L.R.-P.), Multiple Sclerosis Unit, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, IDIBELL, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Neurology (T.M.), Tohoku University Hospital, Japan; Service de Neurologie (J.-C.O.), Pôle des Neurosciences Cliniques, CHU de Bordeaux Pellegrin Tripode; Service de Neurologie et Unité Neurovasculaire (M.P.G.), Centre Hospitalier Régional d'Orléans, France; Unit of Neuroradiology (S.G.), Papa Giovanni XXIII Hospital, Bergamo, Italy; Multiple Sclerosis Center (C.B.), Second Department of Neurology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece; Servicio de Neurología (R.P.M.), Hospital Universitario Clínico San Cecilio, Granada, Spain; Department of Neurology (B.V., I.J.), University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich, ; Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic and Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience (P.K., T.J.D.), Departments of Medicine, Biomedicine, and Clinical Research, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Switzerland; Service de Neurologie (X.M.), Université Clermont Auvergne, CHU de Clermont-Ferrand, Inserm, Neuro-Dol; Infectious and Tropical Diseases Unit (G.M.-B.), University Hospital of Toulouse, France; Department of Neurology (C.M.), State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse; and CHU Nantes (D.A.L.), Service de Neurologie, CRC-SEP, Nantes Université, INSERM, CIC 1413, Center for Research in Transplantation and Translational Immunology, UMR 1064, France
| | - Panajotis Karypidis
- From the Service of Neurology (J.C.B., R.A.D.P., R.B.-V.), Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Lausanne University Hospital (Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois) and University of Lausanne, Switzerland; Regional Multiple Sclerosis Center (N.N.D.R.), ASST-Spedali Civili di Brescia, Montichiari, Italy; Department of Neurology St. Josef-Hospital (R.G., I.A.), Ruhr University Bochum, Germany; Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Tours (A.M.), Hôpital Bretonneau, Service de neurologie, Tours, France; Department of Neurology (M.K.), Alfried Krupp von Bohlen und Halbach Hospital, Essen; Department of Neurology (M.K.), Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University of Düsseldorf, Germany; Neurology Department (L.R.-P.), Multiple Sclerosis Unit, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, IDIBELL, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Neurology (T.M.), Tohoku University Hospital, Japan; Service de Neurologie (J.-C.O.), Pôle des Neurosciences Cliniques, CHU de Bordeaux Pellegrin Tripode; Service de Neurologie et Unité Neurovasculaire (M.P.G.), Centre Hospitalier Régional d'Orléans, France; Unit of Neuroradiology (S.G.), Papa Giovanni XXIII Hospital, Bergamo, Italy; Multiple Sclerosis Center (C.B.), Second Department of Neurology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece; Servicio de Neurología (R.P.M.), Hospital Universitario Clínico San Cecilio, Granada, Spain; Department of Neurology (B.V., I.J.), University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich, ; Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic and Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience (P.K., T.J.D.), Departments of Medicine, Biomedicine, and Clinical Research, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Switzerland; Service de Neurologie (X.M.), Université Clermont Auvergne, CHU de Clermont-Ferrand, Inserm, Neuro-Dol; Infectious and Tropical Diseases Unit (G.M.-B.), University Hospital of Toulouse, France; Department of Neurology (C.M.), State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse; and CHU Nantes (D.A.L.), Service de Neurologie, CRC-SEP, Nantes Université, INSERM, CIC 1413, Center for Research in Transplantation and Translational Immunology, UMR 1064, France
| | - Xavier Moisset
- From the Service of Neurology (J.C.B., R.A.D.P., R.B.-V.), Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Lausanne University Hospital (Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois) and University of Lausanne, Switzerland; Regional Multiple Sclerosis Center (N.N.D.R.), ASST-Spedali Civili di Brescia, Montichiari, Italy; Department of Neurology St. Josef-Hospital (R.G., I.A.), Ruhr University Bochum, Germany; Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Tours (A.M.), Hôpital Bretonneau, Service de neurologie, Tours, France; Department of Neurology (M.K.), Alfried Krupp von Bohlen und Halbach Hospital, Essen; Department of Neurology (M.K.), Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University of Düsseldorf, Germany; Neurology Department (L.R.-P.), Multiple Sclerosis Unit, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, IDIBELL, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Neurology (T.M.), Tohoku University Hospital, Japan; Service de Neurologie (J.-C.O.), Pôle des Neurosciences Cliniques, CHU de Bordeaux Pellegrin Tripode; Service de Neurologie et Unité Neurovasculaire (M.P.G.), Centre Hospitalier Régional d'Orléans, France; Unit of Neuroradiology (S.G.), Papa Giovanni XXIII Hospital, Bergamo, Italy; Multiple Sclerosis Center (C.B.), Second Department of Neurology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece; Servicio de Neurología (R.P.M.), Hospital Universitario Clínico San Cecilio, Granada, Spain; Department of Neurology (B.V., I.J.), University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich, ; Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic and Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience (P.K., T.J.D.), Departments of Medicine, Biomedicine, and Clinical Research, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Switzerland; Service de Neurologie (X.M.), Université Clermont Auvergne, CHU de Clermont-Ferrand, Inserm, Neuro-Dol; Infectious and Tropical Diseases Unit (G.M.-B.), University Hospital of Toulouse, France; Department of Neurology (C.M.), State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse; and CHU Nantes (D.A.L.), Service de Neurologie, CRC-SEP, Nantes Université, INSERM, CIC 1413, Center for Research in Transplantation and Translational Immunology, UMR 1064, France
| | - Tobias J Derfuss
- From the Service of Neurology (J.C.B., R.A.D.P., R.B.-V.), Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Lausanne University Hospital (Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois) and University of Lausanne, Switzerland; Regional Multiple Sclerosis Center (N.N.D.R.), ASST-Spedali Civili di Brescia, Montichiari, Italy; Department of Neurology St. Josef-Hospital (R.G., I.A.), Ruhr University Bochum, Germany; Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Tours (A.M.), Hôpital Bretonneau, Service de neurologie, Tours, France; Department of Neurology (M.K.), Alfried Krupp von Bohlen und Halbach Hospital, Essen; Department of Neurology (M.K.), Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University of Düsseldorf, Germany; Neurology Department (L.R.-P.), Multiple Sclerosis Unit, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, IDIBELL, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Neurology (T.M.), Tohoku University Hospital, Japan; Service de Neurologie (J.-C.O.), Pôle des Neurosciences Cliniques, CHU de Bordeaux Pellegrin Tripode; Service de Neurologie et Unité Neurovasculaire (M.P.G.), Centre Hospitalier Régional d'Orléans, France; Unit of Neuroradiology (S.G.), Papa Giovanni XXIII Hospital, Bergamo, Italy; Multiple Sclerosis Center (C.B.), Second Department of Neurology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece; Servicio de Neurología (R.P.M.), Hospital Universitario Clínico San Cecilio, Granada, Spain; Department of Neurology (B.V., I.J.), University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich, ; Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic and Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience (P.K., T.J.D.), Departments of Medicine, Biomedicine, and Clinical Research, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Switzerland; Service de Neurologie (X.M.), Université Clermont Auvergne, CHU de Clermont-Ferrand, Inserm, Neuro-Dol; Infectious and Tropical Diseases Unit (G.M.-B.), University Hospital of Toulouse, France; Department of Neurology (C.M.), State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse; and CHU Nantes (D.A.L.), Service de Neurologie, CRC-SEP, Nantes Université, INSERM, CIC 1413, Center for Research in Transplantation and Translational Immunology, UMR 1064, France
| | - Ilijas Jelcic
- From the Service of Neurology (J.C.B., R.A.D.P., R.B.-V.), Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Lausanne University Hospital (Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois) and University of Lausanne, Switzerland; Regional Multiple Sclerosis Center (N.N.D.R.), ASST-Spedali Civili di Brescia, Montichiari, Italy; Department of Neurology St. Josef-Hospital (R.G., I.A.), Ruhr University Bochum, Germany; Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Tours (A.M.), Hôpital Bretonneau, Service de neurologie, Tours, France; Department of Neurology (M.K.), Alfried Krupp von Bohlen und Halbach Hospital, Essen; Department of Neurology (M.K.), Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University of Düsseldorf, Germany; Neurology Department (L.R.-P.), Multiple Sclerosis Unit, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, IDIBELL, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Neurology (T.M.), Tohoku University Hospital, Japan; Service de Neurologie (J.-C.O.), Pôle des Neurosciences Cliniques, CHU de Bordeaux Pellegrin Tripode; Service de Neurologie et Unité Neurovasculaire (M.P.G.), Centre Hospitalier Régional d'Orléans, France; Unit of Neuroradiology (S.G.), Papa Giovanni XXIII Hospital, Bergamo, Italy; Multiple Sclerosis Center (C.B.), Second Department of Neurology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece; Servicio de Neurología (R.P.M.), Hospital Universitario Clínico San Cecilio, Granada, Spain; Department of Neurology (B.V., I.J.), University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich, ; Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic and Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience (P.K., T.J.D.), Departments of Medicine, Biomedicine, and Clinical Research, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Switzerland; Service de Neurologie (X.M.), Université Clermont Auvergne, CHU de Clermont-Ferrand, Inserm, Neuro-Dol; Infectious and Tropical Diseases Unit (G.M.-B.), University Hospital of Toulouse, France; Department of Neurology (C.M.), State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse; and CHU Nantes (D.A.L.), Service de Neurologie, CRC-SEP, Nantes Université, INSERM, CIC 1413, Center for Research in Transplantation and Translational Immunology, UMR 1064, France
| | - Guillaume Martin-Blondel
- From the Service of Neurology (J.C.B., R.A.D.P., R.B.-V.), Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Lausanne University Hospital (Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois) and University of Lausanne, Switzerland; Regional Multiple Sclerosis Center (N.N.D.R.), ASST-Spedali Civili di Brescia, Montichiari, Italy; Department of Neurology St. Josef-Hospital (R.G., I.A.), Ruhr University Bochum, Germany; Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Tours (A.M.), Hôpital Bretonneau, Service de neurologie, Tours, France; Department of Neurology (M.K.), Alfried Krupp von Bohlen und Halbach Hospital, Essen; Department of Neurology (M.K.), Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University of Düsseldorf, Germany; Neurology Department (L.R.-P.), Multiple Sclerosis Unit, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, IDIBELL, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Neurology (T.M.), Tohoku University Hospital, Japan; Service de Neurologie (J.-C.O.), Pôle des Neurosciences Cliniques, CHU de Bordeaux Pellegrin Tripode; Service de Neurologie et Unité Neurovasculaire (M.P.G.), Centre Hospitalier Régional d'Orléans, France; Unit of Neuroradiology (S.G.), Papa Giovanni XXIII Hospital, Bergamo, Italy; Multiple Sclerosis Center (C.B.), Second Department of Neurology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece; Servicio de Neurología (R.P.M.), Hospital Universitario Clínico San Cecilio, Granada, Spain; Department of Neurology (B.V., I.J.), University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich, ; Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic and Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience (P.K., T.J.D.), Departments of Medicine, Biomedicine, and Clinical Research, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Switzerland; Service de Neurologie (X.M.), Université Clermont Auvergne, CHU de Clermont-Ferrand, Inserm, Neuro-Dol; Infectious and Tropical Diseases Unit (G.M.-B.), University Hospital of Toulouse, France; Department of Neurology (C.M.), State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse; and CHU Nantes (D.A.L.), Service de Neurologie, CRC-SEP, Nantes Université, INSERM, CIC 1413, Center for Research in Transplantation and Translational Immunology, UMR 1064, France
| | - Ilya Ayzenberg
- From the Service of Neurology (J.C.B., R.A.D.P., R.B.-V.), Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Lausanne University Hospital (Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois) and University of Lausanne, Switzerland; Regional Multiple Sclerosis Center (N.N.D.R.), ASST-Spedali Civili di Brescia, Montichiari, Italy; Department of Neurology St. Josef-Hospital (R.G., I.A.), Ruhr University Bochum, Germany; Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Tours (A.M.), Hôpital Bretonneau, Service de neurologie, Tours, France; Department of Neurology (M.K.), Alfried Krupp von Bohlen und Halbach Hospital, Essen; Department of Neurology (M.K.), Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University of Düsseldorf, Germany; Neurology Department (L.R.-P.), Multiple Sclerosis Unit, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, IDIBELL, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Neurology (T.M.), Tohoku University Hospital, Japan; Service de Neurologie (J.-C.O.), Pôle des Neurosciences Cliniques, CHU de Bordeaux Pellegrin Tripode; Service de Neurologie et Unité Neurovasculaire (M.P.G.), Centre Hospitalier Régional d'Orléans, France; Unit of Neuroradiology (S.G.), Papa Giovanni XXIII Hospital, Bergamo, Italy; Multiple Sclerosis Center (C.B.), Second Department of Neurology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece; Servicio de Neurología (R.P.M.), Hospital Universitario Clínico San Cecilio, Granada, Spain; Department of Neurology (B.V., I.J.), University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich, ; Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic and Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience (P.K., T.J.D.), Departments of Medicine, Biomedicine, and Clinical Research, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Switzerland; Service de Neurologie (X.M.), Université Clermont Auvergne, CHU de Clermont-Ferrand, Inserm, Neuro-Dol; Infectious and Tropical Diseases Unit (G.M.-B.), University Hospital of Toulouse, France; Department of Neurology (C.M.), State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse; and CHU Nantes (D.A.L.), Service de Neurologie, CRC-SEP, Nantes Université, INSERM, CIC 1413, Center for Research in Transplantation and Translational Immunology, UMR 1064, France
| | - Corey McGraw
- From the Service of Neurology (J.C.B., R.A.D.P., R.B.-V.), Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Lausanne University Hospital (Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois) and University of Lausanne, Switzerland; Regional Multiple Sclerosis Center (N.N.D.R.), ASST-Spedali Civili di Brescia, Montichiari, Italy; Department of Neurology St. Josef-Hospital (R.G., I.A.), Ruhr University Bochum, Germany; Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Tours (A.M.), Hôpital Bretonneau, Service de neurologie, Tours, France; Department of Neurology (M.K.), Alfried Krupp von Bohlen und Halbach Hospital, Essen; Department of Neurology (M.K.), Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University of Düsseldorf, Germany; Neurology Department (L.R.-P.), Multiple Sclerosis Unit, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, IDIBELL, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Neurology (T.M.), Tohoku University Hospital, Japan; Service de Neurologie (J.-C.O.), Pôle des Neurosciences Cliniques, CHU de Bordeaux Pellegrin Tripode; Service de Neurologie et Unité Neurovasculaire (M.P.G.), Centre Hospitalier Régional d'Orléans, France; Unit of Neuroradiology (S.G.), Papa Giovanni XXIII Hospital, Bergamo, Italy; Multiple Sclerosis Center (C.B.), Second Department of Neurology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece; Servicio de Neurología (R.P.M.), Hospital Universitario Clínico San Cecilio, Granada, Spain; Department of Neurology (B.V., I.J.), University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich, ; Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic and Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience (P.K., T.J.D.), Departments of Medicine, Biomedicine, and Clinical Research, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Switzerland; Service de Neurologie (X.M.), Université Clermont Auvergne, CHU de Clermont-Ferrand, Inserm, Neuro-Dol; Infectious and Tropical Diseases Unit (G.M.-B.), University Hospital of Toulouse, France; Department of Neurology (C.M.), State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse; and CHU Nantes (D.A.L.), Service de Neurologie, CRC-SEP, Nantes Université, INSERM, CIC 1413, Center for Research in Transplantation and Translational Immunology, UMR 1064, France
| | - David A Laplaud
- From the Service of Neurology (J.C.B., R.A.D.P., R.B.-V.), Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Lausanne University Hospital (Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois) and University of Lausanne, Switzerland; Regional Multiple Sclerosis Center (N.N.D.R.), ASST-Spedali Civili di Brescia, Montichiari, Italy; Department of Neurology St. Josef-Hospital (R.G., I.A.), Ruhr University Bochum, Germany; Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Tours (A.M.), Hôpital Bretonneau, Service de neurologie, Tours, France; Department of Neurology (M.K.), Alfried Krupp von Bohlen und Halbach Hospital, Essen; Department of Neurology (M.K.), Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University of Düsseldorf, Germany; Neurology Department (L.R.-P.), Multiple Sclerosis Unit, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, IDIBELL, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Neurology (T.M.), Tohoku University Hospital, Japan; Service de Neurologie (J.-C.O.), Pôle des Neurosciences Cliniques, CHU de Bordeaux Pellegrin Tripode; Service de Neurologie et Unité Neurovasculaire (M.P.G.), Centre Hospitalier Régional d'Orléans, France; Unit of Neuroradiology (S.G.), Papa Giovanni XXIII Hospital, Bergamo, Italy; Multiple Sclerosis Center (C.B.), Second Department of Neurology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece; Servicio de Neurología (R.P.M.), Hospital Universitario Clínico San Cecilio, Granada, Spain; Department of Neurology (B.V., I.J.), University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich, ; Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic and Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience (P.K., T.J.D.), Departments of Medicine, Biomedicine, and Clinical Research, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Switzerland; Service de Neurologie (X.M.), Université Clermont Auvergne, CHU de Clermont-Ferrand, Inserm, Neuro-Dol; Infectious and Tropical Diseases Unit (G.M.-B.), University Hospital of Toulouse, France; Department of Neurology (C.M.), State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse; and CHU Nantes (D.A.L.), Service de Neurologie, CRC-SEP, Nantes Université, INSERM, CIC 1413, Center for Research in Transplantation and Translational Immunology, UMR 1064, France
| | - Renaud A Du Pasquier
- From the Service of Neurology (J.C.B., R.A.D.P., R.B.-V.), Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Lausanne University Hospital (Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois) and University of Lausanne, Switzerland; Regional Multiple Sclerosis Center (N.N.D.R.), ASST-Spedali Civili di Brescia, Montichiari, Italy; Department of Neurology St. Josef-Hospital (R.G., I.A.), Ruhr University Bochum, Germany; Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Tours (A.M.), Hôpital Bretonneau, Service de neurologie, Tours, France; Department of Neurology (M.K.), Alfried Krupp von Bohlen und Halbach Hospital, Essen; Department of Neurology (M.K.), Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University of Düsseldorf, Germany; Neurology Department (L.R.-P.), Multiple Sclerosis Unit, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, IDIBELL, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Neurology (T.M.), Tohoku University Hospital, Japan; Service de Neurologie (J.-C.O.), Pôle des Neurosciences Cliniques, CHU de Bordeaux Pellegrin Tripode; Service de Neurologie et Unité Neurovasculaire (M.P.G.), Centre Hospitalier Régional d'Orléans, France; Unit of Neuroradiology (S.G.), Papa Giovanni XXIII Hospital, Bergamo, Italy; Multiple Sclerosis Center (C.B.), Second Department of Neurology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece; Servicio de Neurología (R.P.M.), Hospital Universitario Clínico San Cecilio, Granada, Spain; Department of Neurology (B.V., I.J.), University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich, ; Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic and Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience (P.K., T.J.D.), Departments of Medicine, Biomedicine, and Clinical Research, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Switzerland; Service de Neurologie (X.M.), Université Clermont Auvergne, CHU de Clermont-Ferrand, Inserm, Neuro-Dol; Infectious and Tropical Diseases Unit (G.M.-B.), University Hospital of Toulouse, France; Department of Neurology (C.M.), State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse; and CHU Nantes (D.A.L.), Service de Neurologie, CRC-SEP, Nantes Université, INSERM, CIC 1413, Center for Research in Transplantation and Translational Immunology, UMR 1064, France
| | - Raphael Bernard-Valnet
- From the Service of Neurology (J.C.B., R.A.D.P., R.B.-V.), Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Lausanne University Hospital (Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois) and University of Lausanne, Switzerland; Regional Multiple Sclerosis Center (N.N.D.R.), ASST-Spedali Civili di Brescia, Montichiari, Italy; Department of Neurology St. Josef-Hospital (R.G., I.A.), Ruhr University Bochum, Germany; Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Tours (A.M.), Hôpital Bretonneau, Service de neurologie, Tours, France; Department of Neurology (M.K.), Alfried Krupp von Bohlen und Halbach Hospital, Essen; Department of Neurology (M.K.), Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University of Düsseldorf, Germany; Neurology Department (L.R.-P.), Multiple Sclerosis Unit, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, IDIBELL, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Neurology (T.M.), Tohoku University Hospital, Japan; Service de Neurologie (J.-C.O.), Pôle des Neurosciences Cliniques, CHU de Bordeaux Pellegrin Tripode; Service de Neurologie et Unité Neurovasculaire (M.P.G.), Centre Hospitalier Régional d'Orléans, France; Unit of Neuroradiology (S.G.), Papa Giovanni XXIII Hospital, Bergamo, Italy; Multiple Sclerosis Center (C.B.), Second Department of Neurology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece; Servicio de Neurología (R.P.M.), Hospital Universitario Clínico San Cecilio, Granada, Spain; Department of Neurology (B.V., I.J.), University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich, ; Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic and Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience (P.K., T.J.D.), Departments of Medicine, Biomedicine, and Clinical Research, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Switzerland; Service de Neurologie (X.M.), Université Clermont Auvergne, CHU de Clermont-Ferrand, Inserm, Neuro-Dol; Infectious and Tropical Diseases Unit (G.M.-B.), University Hospital of Toulouse, France; Department of Neurology (C.M.), State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse; and CHU Nantes (D.A.L.), Service de Neurologie, CRC-SEP, Nantes Université, INSERM, CIC 1413, Center for Research in Transplantation and Translational Immunology, UMR 1064, France
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Piacentini L, Vavassori C, Werba PJ, Saccu C, Spirito R, Colombo GI. Deciphering Abdominal Aortic Diseases Through T-Cell Clonal Repertoire of Perivascular Adipose Tissue. J Am Heart Assoc 2024; 13:e034096. [PMID: 38888318 PMCID: PMC11255777 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.123.034096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent studies suggest that immune-mediated inflammation of perivascular adipose tissue of abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAAs) contributes to disease development and progression. Whether the perivascular adipose tissue of AAA is characterized by a specific adaptive immune signature remains unknown. METHODS AND RESULTS To investigate this hypothesis, we sequenced the T-cell receptor β-chain in the perivascular adipose tissue of patients with AAA and compared it with patients with aortic occlusive disease, who share the former anatomical site of the lesion and risk factors but differ in pathogenic mechanisms. Our results demonstrate that patients with AAA have a lower repertoire diversity than those with aortic occlusive disease and significant differences in variable/joining gene segment usage. Furthermore, we identified a set of 7 public T-cell receptor β-chain clonotypes that distinguished AAA and aortic occlusive disease with very high accuracy. We also found that the T-cell receptor β-chain repertoire differentially characterizes small and large AAAs (aortic diameter<55 mm and ≥55 mm, respectively). CONCLUSIONS This work supports the hypothesis that T cell-mediated immunity is fundamental in AAA pathogenesis and opens up new clinical perspectives.
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MESH Headings
- Humans
- Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal/immunology
- Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal/genetics
- Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal/pathology
- Male
- Aged
- Female
- T-Lymphocytes/immunology
- Adipose Tissue/pathology
- Adipose Tissue/immunology
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, alpha-beta/genetics
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, alpha-beta/immunology
- Middle Aged
- Aorta, Abdominal/pathology
- Aorta, Abdominal/immunology
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Piacentini
- Bioinformatics and Artificial Intelligence Unit, Centro Cardiologico MonzinoIRCCSMilanItaly
- Immunology and Functional Genomics Unit, Centro Cardiologico MonzinoIRCCSMilanItaly
| | - Chiara Vavassori
- Immunology and Functional Genomics Unit, Centro Cardiologico MonzinoIRCCSMilanItaly
| | - Pablo J. Werba
- Atherosclerosis Prevention Unit, Centro Cardiologico MonzinoIRCCSMilanItaly
| | - Claudio Saccu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery of the University of Milan, Centro Cardiologico MonzinoIRCCSMilanItaly
| | - Rita Spirito
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery of the University of Milan, Centro Cardiologico MonzinoIRCCSMilanItaly
| | - Gualtiero I. Colombo
- Immunology and Functional Genomics Unit, Centro Cardiologico MonzinoIRCCSMilanItaly
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3
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Singh A, Schurman SH, Bektas A, Kaileh M, Roy R, Wilson DM, Sen R, Ferrucci L. Aging and Inflammation. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Med 2024; 14:a041197. [PMID: 38052484 PMCID: PMC11146314 DOI: 10.1101/cshperspect.a041197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
Aging can be conceptualized as the progressive disequilibrium between stochastic damage accumulation and resilience mechanisms that continuously repair that damage, which eventually cause the development of chronic disease, frailty, and death. The immune system is at the forefront of these resilience mechanisms. Indeed, aging is associated with persistent activation of the immune system, witnessed by a high circulating level of inflammatory markers and activation of immune cells in the circulation and in tissue, a condition called "inflammaging." Like aging, inflammaging is associated with increased risk of many age-related pathologies and disabilities, as well as frailty and death. Herein we discuss recent advances in the understanding of the mechanisms leading to inflammaging and the intrinsic dysregulation of the immune function that occurs with aging. We focus on the underlying mechanisms of chronic inflammation, in particular the role of NF-κB and recent studies targeting proinflammatory mediators. We further explore the dysregulation of the immune response with age and immunosenescence as an important mechanistic immune response to acute stressors. We examine the role of the gastrointestinal microbiome, age-related dysbiosis, and the integrated stress response in modulating the inflammatory "response" to damage accumulation and stress. We conclude by focusing on the seminal question of whether reducing inflammation is useful and the results of related clinical trials. In summary, we propose that inflammation may be viewed both as a clinical biomarker of the failure of resilience mechanisms and as a causal factor in the rising burden of disease and disabilities with aging. The fact that inflammation can be reduced through nonpharmacological interventions such as diet and exercise suggests that a life course approach based on education may be a successful strategy to increase the health span with few adverse consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit Singh
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Immunology, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, Maryland 21224, USA
| | - Shepherd H Schurman
- Clinical Research Unit, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, Maryland 21224, USA
| | - Arsun Bektas
- Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, Maryland 21224, USA
| | - Mary Kaileh
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Immunology, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, Maryland 21224, USA
| | - Roshni Roy
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Immunology, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, Maryland 21224, USA
| | - David M Wilson
- Biomedical Research Institute, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek 3500, Belgium
| | - Ranjan Sen
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Immunology, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, Maryland 21224, USA
| | - Luigi Ferrucci
- Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, Maryland 21224, USA
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4
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Xu Y, Shan W, Luo Q, Zhang M, Huo D, Chen Y, Li H, Ye Y, Yu X, Luo Y, Huang H. Establishment of a humanized mouse model using steady-state peripheral blood-derived hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells facilitates screening of cancer-targeted T-cell repertoires. CANCER INNOVATION 2024; 3:e118. [PMID: 38947755 PMCID: PMC11212321 DOI: 10.1002/cai2.118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
Background Cancer-targeted T-cell receptor T (TCR-T) cells hold promise in treating cancers such as hematological malignancies and breast cancers. However, approaches to obtain cancer-reactive TCR-T cells have been unsuccessful. Methods Here, we developed a novel strategy to screen for cancer-targeted TCR-T cells using a special humanized mouse model with person-specific immune fingerprints. Rare steady-state circulating hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells were expanded via three-dimensional culture of steady-state peripheral blood mononuclear cells, and then the expanded cells were applied to establish humanized mice. The human immune system was evaluated according to the kinetics of dendritic cells, monocytes, T-cell subsets, and cytokines. To fully stimulate the immune response and to obtain B-cell precursor NAML-6- and triple-negative breast cancer MDA-MB-231-targeted TCR-T cells, we used the inactivated cells above to treat humanized mice twice a day every 7 days. Then, human T cells were processed for TCR β-chain (TRB) sequencing analysis. After the repertoires had been constructed, features such as the fraction, diversity, and immune signature were investigated. Results The results demonstrated an increase in diversity and clonality of T cells after treatment. The preferential usage and features of TRBV, TRBJ, and the V-J combination were also changed. The stress also induced highly clonal expansion. Tumor burden and survival analysis demonstrated that stress induction could significantly inhibit the growth of subsequently transfused live tumor cells and prolong the survival of the humanized mice. Conclusions We constructed a personalized humanized mouse model to screen cancer-targeted TCR-T pools. Our platform provides an effective source of cancer-targeted TCR-T cells and allows for the design of patient-specific engineered T cells. It therefore has the potential to greatly benefit cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulin Xu
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina
- Liangzhu LaboratoryZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
- Institute of HematologyZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
- Zhejiang Province Engineering Research Center for Stem Cell and Immunity TherapyHangzhouChina
- School of MedicineZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Wei Shan
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina
- Liangzhu LaboratoryZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
- Institute of HematologyZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
- Zhejiang Province Engineering Research Center for Stem Cell and Immunity TherapyHangzhouChina
- School of MedicineZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Qian Luo
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina
- Liangzhu LaboratoryZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
- Institute of HematologyZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
- Zhejiang Province Engineering Research Center for Stem Cell and Immunity TherapyHangzhouChina
- School of MedicineZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Meng Zhang
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina
- Liangzhu LaboratoryZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
- Institute of HematologyZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
- Zhejiang Province Engineering Research Center for Stem Cell and Immunity TherapyHangzhouChina
- School of MedicineZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Dawei Huo
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina
- Liangzhu LaboratoryZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
- Institute of HematologyZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
- Zhejiang Province Engineering Research Center for Stem Cell and Immunity TherapyHangzhouChina
- School of MedicineZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Yijin Chen
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina
- Liangzhu LaboratoryZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
- Institute of HematologyZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
- Zhejiang Province Engineering Research Center for Stem Cell and Immunity TherapyHangzhouChina
- School of MedicineZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Honghu Li
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina
- Liangzhu LaboratoryZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
- Institute of HematologyZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
- Zhejiang Province Engineering Research Center for Stem Cell and Immunity TherapyHangzhouChina
- School of MedicineZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Yishan Ye
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina
- Liangzhu LaboratoryZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
- Institute of HematologyZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
- Zhejiang Province Engineering Research Center for Stem Cell and Immunity TherapyHangzhouChina
- School of MedicineZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Xiaohong Yu
- Liangzhu LaboratoryZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
- Institute of HematologyZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
- Zhejiang Province Engineering Research Center for Stem Cell and Immunity TherapyHangzhouChina
- School of MedicineZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Yi Luo
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina
- Liangzhu LaboratoryZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
- Institute of HematologyZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
- Zhejiang Province Engineering Research Center for Stem Cell and Immunity TherapyHangzhouChina
- School of MedicineZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - He Huang
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina
- Liangzhu LaboratoryZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
- Institute of HematologyZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
- Zhejiang Province Engineering Research Center for Stem Cell and Immunity TherapyHangzhouChina
- School of MedicineZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
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5
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Fraser C, Owen BM. Naïve T-cell decline is a significant contributor to expression changes in ageing blood. FRONTIERS IN AGING 2024; 5:1389789. [PMID: 38873125 PMCID: PMC11169655 DOI: 10.3389/fragi.2024.1389789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
No clear consensus has emerged from the literature on the gene expression changes that occur in human whole blood with age. In this study we compared whole blood ageing genes from the published literature with data on gene specificity for leukocyte subtypes. Surprisingly we found that highly ranked ageing genes were predominantly expressed by naïve T cells, with limited expression from more common cell types. Highly ranked ageing genes were also more likely to have decreased expression with age. Taken together, it is plausible that much of the observed gene expression changes in whole blood is reflecting the decline in abundance of naïve T cells known to occur with age, rather than changes in transcription rates in common cell types. Correct attribution of the gene expression changes that occur with age is essential for understanding the underlying mechanisms.
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6
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Glass DR, Mayer-Blackwell K, Ramchurren N, Parks KR, Duran GE, Wright AK, Bastidas Torres AN, Islas L, Kim YH, Fling SP, Khodadoust MS, Newell EW. Multi-omic profiling reveals the endogenous and neoplastic responses to immunotherapies in cutaneous T cell lymphoma. Cell Rep Med 2024; 5:101527. [PMID: 38670099 PMCID: PMC11148639 DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2024.101527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 02/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Cutaneous T cell lymphomas (CTCLs) are skin cancers with poor survival rates and limited treatments. While immunotherapies have shown some efficacy, the immunological consequences of administering immune-activating agents to CTCL patients have not been systematically characterized. We apply a suite of high-dimensional technologies to investigate the local, cellular, and systemic responses in CTCL patients receiving either mono- or combination anti-PD-1 plus interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) therapy. Neoplastic T cells display no evidence of activation after immunotherapy. IFN-γ induces muted endogenous immunological responses, while anti-PD-1 elicits broader changes, including increased abundance of CLA+CD39+ T cells. We develop an unbiased multi-omic profiling approach enabling discovery of immune modules stratifying patients. We identify an enrichment of activated regulatory CLA+CD39+ T cells in non-responders and activated cytotoxic CLA+CD39+ T cells in leukemic patients. Our results provide insights into the effects of immunotherapy in CTCL patients and a generalizable framework for multi-omic analysis of clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- David R Glass
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA.
| | - Koshlan Mayer-Blackwell
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Nirasha Ramchurren
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA; Cancer Immunotherapy Trials Network, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - K Rachael Parks
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - George E Duran
- Division of Oncology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Anna K Wright
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA; Cancer Immunotherapy Trials Network, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | | | - Laura Islas
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Youn H Kim
- Division of Oncology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Steven P Fling
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA; Cancer Immunotherapy Trials Network, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Michael S Khodadoust
- Division of Oncology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Evan W Newell
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA.
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7
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Koenen HJPM, Kouijzer IJE, de Groot M, Peters S, Lobeek D, van Genugten EAJ, Diavatopoulos DA, van Oosten N, Gianotten S, Prokop MM, Netea MG, van de Veerdonk FL, Aarntzen EHJG. Preliminary evidence of localizing CD8+ T-cell responses in COVID-19 patients with PET imaging. Front Med (Lausanne) 2024; 11:1414415. [PMID: 38813383 PMCID: PMC11133695 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2024.1414415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024] Open
Abstract
The upper respiratory tract (URT) is the entry site for severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), from where it further disseminates. Early and effective adaptive immune responses are crucial to restrict viral replication and limit symptom development and transmission. Current vaccines increasingly incorporate strategies to boost mucosal immunity in the respiratory tract. Positron emission tomography (PET) is a non-invasive technology that measures cellular responses at a whole-body level. In this case series, we explored the feasibility of [89Zr]Zr-crefmirlimab berdoxam PET to assess CD8+ T-cell localization during active COVID-19. Our results suggest that CD8+ T-cell distributions assessed by PET imaging reflect their differentiation and functional state in blood. Therefore, PET imaging may represent a novel tool to visualize and quantify cellular immune responses during infections at a whole-body level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hans J. P. M. Koenen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Ilse J. E. Kouijzer
- Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Michel de Groot
- Department of Medical Imaging, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Steffie Peters
- Department of Medical Imaging, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Daphne Lobeek
- Department of Medical Imaging, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | | | | | - Nienke van Oosten
- Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Sanne Gianotten
- Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Mathias M. Prokop
- Department of Medical Imaging, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Mihai G. Netea
- Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Frank L. van de Veerdonk
- Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Erik H. J. G. Aarntzen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
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8
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Pan L, Parini P, Tremmel R, Loscalzo J, Lauschke VM, Maron BA, Paci P, Ernberg I, Tan NS, Liao Z, Yin W, Rengarajan S, Li X. Single Cell Atlas: a single-cell multi-omics human cell encyclopedia. Genome Biol 2024; 25:104. [PMID: 38641842 PMCID: PMC11027364 DOI: 10.1186/s13059-024-03246-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Single-cell sequencing datasets are key in biology and medicine for unraveling insights into heterogeneous cell populations with unprecedented resolution. Here, we construct a single-cell multi-omics map of human tissues through in-depth characterizations of datasets from five single-cell omics, spatial transcriptomics, and two bulk omics across 125 healthy adult and fetal tissues. We construct its complement web-based platform, the Single Cell Atlas (SCA, www.singlecellatlas.org ), to enable vast interactive data exploration of deep multi-omics signatures across human fetal and adult tissues. The atlas resources and database queries aspire to serve as a one-stop, comprehensive, and time-effective resource for various omics studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Pan
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, 171 65, Solna, Sweden
| | - Paolo Parini
- Cardio Metabolic Unit, Department of Medicine, and, Department of Laboratory Medicine , Karolinska Institutet, 141 86, Stockholm, Sweden
- Theme Inflammation and Ageing, Medicine Unit, Karolinska University Hospital, 141 86, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Roman Tremmel
- Dr. Margarete Fischer-Bosch Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, 70376, Stuttgart, Germany
- University of Tuebingen, 72076, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Joseph Loscalzo
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Volker M Lauschke
- Dr. Margarete Fischer-Bosch Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, 70376, Stuttgart, Germany
- University of Tuebingen, 72076, Tuebingen, Germany
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, 171 65, Solna, Sweden
| | - Bradley A Maron
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Paola Paci
- Department of Computer, Control and Management Engineering, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Ingemar Ernberg
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, 171 65, Solna, Sweden
| | - Nguan Soon Tan
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637551, Singapore
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University Singapore, Singapore, 308232, Singapore
| | - Zehuan Liao
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, 171 65, Solna, Sweden
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637551, Singapore
| | - Weiyao Yin
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, 171 65, Solna, Sweden
| | - Sundararaman Rengarajan
- Department of Physical Therapy, Movement & Rehabilitation Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Xuexin Li
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110032, China.
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, 171 65, Solna, Sweden.
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9
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Pavlova AV, Zvyagin IV, Shugay M. Detecting T-cell clonal expansions and quantifying clone survival using deep profiling of immune repertoires. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1321603. [PMID: 38633256 PMCID: PMC11021634 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1321603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
An individual's T-cell repertoire constantly changes under the influence of external and internal factors. Cells that do not receive a stimulatory signal die, while those that encounter and recognize a pathogen or receive a co-stimulatory signal divide, resulting in clonal expansions. T-cell clones can be traced by monitoring the presence of their unique T-cell receptor (TCR) sequence, which is assembled de novo through a process known as V(D)J rearrangement. Tracking T cells can provide valuable insights into the survival of cells after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) or cancer treatment response and can indicate the induction of protective immunity by vaccination. In this study, we report a bioinformatic method for quantifying the T-cell repertoire dynamics from TCR sequencing data. We demonstrate its utility by measuring the T-cell repertoire stability in healthy donors, by quantifying the effect of donor lymphocyte infusion (DLI), and by tracking the fate of the different T-cell subsets in HSCT patients and the expansion of pathogen-specific clones in vaccinated individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasia V. Pavlova
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Center for Precision Genome Editing and Genetic Technologies for Biomedicine, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Ivan V. Zvyagin
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Center for Precision Genome Editing and Genetic Technologies for Biomedicine, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
- Dmitriy Rogachev National Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology, Moscow, Russia
| | - Mikhail Shugay
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Center for Precision Genome Editing and Genetic Technologies for Biomedicine, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
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10
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Clark EA, Talatala ER, Ye W, Davis RJ, Collins SL, Hillel AT, Ramirez-Solano M, Sheng Q, Wanjalla CN, Mallal SA, Gelbard A. Characterizing the T Cell Repertoire in the Proximal Airway in Health and Disease. Laryngoscope 2024; 134:1757-1764. [PMID: 37787469 PMCID: PMC10947968 DOI: 10.1002/lary.31088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Recent translational scientific efforts in subglottic stenosis (SGS) support a disease model where epithelial alterations facilitate microbiome displacement, dysregulated immune activation, and localized fibrosis. Given the observed immune cell infiltrate in SGS, we sought to test the hypothesis that SGS cases possessed a low diversity (highly clonal) adaptive immune response when compared with healthy controls. METHODS Single cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) of subglottic mucosal scar in iSGS (n = 24), iLTS (n = 8), and healthy controls (n = 7) was performed. T cell receptor (TCR) sequences were extracted, analyzed, and used to construct repertoire structure, compare diversity, interrogate overlap, and define antigenic targets using the Immunarch bioinformatics pipeline. RESULTS The proximal airway mucosa in health and disease are equally diverse via Hill framework quantitation (iSGS vs. iLTS vs. Control, p > 0.05). Repertoires do not significantly overlap between individuals (Morisita <0.02). Among iSGS patients, clonality of the TCR repertoire is driven by CD8+ T cells, and iSGS patients possess numerous TCRs targeting viral and intercellular pathogens. High frequency clonotypes do not map to known targets in public datasets. CONCLUSION SGS cases do not possess a lower diversity adaptive immune infiltrate when compared with healthy controls. Interestingly, the TCR repertoire in both health and disease contains a restricted number of high frequency clonotypes that do not significantly overlap between individuals. The target of the high frequency clonotypes in health and disease remain unresolved. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE NA Laryngoscope, 134:1757-1764, 2024.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evan A. Clark
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
| | - Edward R.R. Talatala
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
| | - Wenda Ye
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
| | - Ruth J. Davis
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
| | - Samuel L. Collins
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Alexander T. Hillel
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | | | - Quanhu Sheng
- Department of Biostatistics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
| | - Celestine N. Wanjalla
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Disease, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Simon A. Mallal
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Disease, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Alexander Gelbard
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
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11
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Smits HH, Jochems SP. Diverging patterns in innate immunity against respiratory viruses during a lifetime: lessons from the young and the old. Eur Respir Rev 2024; 33:230266. [PMID: 39009407 PMCID: PMC11262623 DOI: 10.1183/16000617.0266-2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Respiratory viral infections frequently lead to severe respiratory disease, particularly in vulnerable populations such as young children, individuals with chronic lung conditions and older adults, resulting in hospitalisation and, in some cases, fatalities. The innate immune system plays a crucial role in monitoring for, and initiating responses to, viruses, maintaining a state of preparedness through the constant expression of antimicrobial defence molecules. Throughout the course of infection, innate immunity remains actively involved, contributing to viral clearance and damage control, with pivotal contributions from airway epithelial cells and resident and newly recruited immune cells. In instances where viral infections persist or are not effectively eliminated, innate immune components prominently contribute to the resulting pathophysiological consequences. Even though both young children and older adults are susceptible to severe respiratory disease caused by various respiratory viruses, the underlying mechanisms may differ significantly. Children face the challenge of developing and maturing their immunity, while older adults contend with issues such as immune senescence and inflammaging. This review aims to compare the innate immune responses in respiratory viral infections across both age groups, identifying common central hubs that could serve as promising targets for innovative therapeutic and preventive strategies, despite the apparent differences in underlying mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hermelijn H Smits
- Leiden University Center of Infectious Disease (LU-CID), Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Simon P Jochems
- Leiden University Center of Infectious Disease (LU-CID), Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
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12
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Al-Danakh A, Safi M, Jian Y, Yang L, Zhu X, Chen Q, Yang K, Wang S, Zhang J, Yang D. Aging-related biomarker discovery in the era of immune checkpoint inhibitors for cancer patients. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1348189. [PMID: 38590525 PMCID: PMC11000233 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1348189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Older patients with cancer, particularly those over 75 years of age, often experience poorer clinical outcomes compared to younger patients. This can be attributed to age-related comorbidities, weakened immune function, and reduced tolerance to treatment-related adverse effects. In the immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) era, age has emerged as an influential factor impacting the discovery of predictive biomarkers for ICI treatment. These age-linked changes in the immune system can influence the composition and functionality of tumor-infiltrating immune cells (TIICs) that play a crucial role in the cancer response. Older patients may have lower levels of TIICs infiltration due to age-related immune senescence particularly T cell function, which can limit the effectivity of cancer immunotherapies. Furthermore, age-related immune dysregulation increases the exhaustion of immune cells, characterized by the dysregulation of ICI-related biomarkers and a dampened response to ICI. Our review aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the mechanisms that contribute to the impact of age on ICI-related biomarkers and ICI response. Understanding these mechanisms will facilitate the development of treatment approaches tailored to elderly individuals with cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdullah Al-Danakh
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Mohammed Safi
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Yuli Jian
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Glycobiology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Linlin Yang
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Xinqing Zhu
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Qiwei Chen
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Kangkang Yang
- Institute for Genome Engineered Animal Models of Human Diseases, National Center of Genetically Engineered Animal Models for International Research, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Shujing Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Glycobiology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Jianjun Zhang
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Deyong Yang
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
- Department of Surgery, Healinghands Clinic, Dalian, Liaoning, China
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13
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Früh SP, Früh MA, Kaufer BB, Göbel TW. Unraveling the chicken T cell repertoire with enhanced genome annotation. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1359169. [PMID: 38550579 PMCID: PMC10972964 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1359169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024] Open
Abstract
T cell receptor (TCR) repertoire sequencing has emerged as a powerful tool for understanding the diversity and functionality of T cells within the host immune system. Yet, the chicken TCR repertoire remains poorly understood due to incomplete genome annotation of the TCR loci, despite the importance of chickens in agriculture and as an immunological model. Here, we addressed this critical issue by employing 5' rapid amplification of complementary DNA ends (5'RACE) TCR repertoire sequencing with molecular barcoding of complementary DNA (cDNA) molecules. Simultaneously, we enhanced the genome annotation of TCR Variable (V), Diversity (D, only present in β and δ loci) and Joining (J) genes in the chicken genome. To enhance the efficiency of TCR annotations, we developed VJ-gene-finder, an algorithm designed to extract VJ gene candidates from deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) sequences. Using this tool, we achieved a comprehensive annotation of all known chicken TCR loci, including the α/δ locus on chromosome 27. Evolutionary analysis revealed that each locus evolved separately by duplication of long homology units. To define the baseline TCR diversity in healthy chickens and to demonstrate the feasibility of the approach, we characterized the splenic α/β/γ/δ TCR repertoire. Analysis of the repertoires revealed preferential usage of specific V and J combinations in all chains, while the overall features were characteristic of unbiased repertoires. We observed moderate levels of shared complementarity-determining region 3 (CDR3) clonotypes among individual birds within the α and γ chain repertoires, including the most frequently occurring clonotypes. However, the β and δ repertoires were predominantly unique to each bird. Taken together, our TCR repertoire analysis allowed us to decipher the composition, diversity, and functionality of T cells in chickens. This work not only represents a significant step towards understanding avian T cell biology, but will also shed light on host-pathogen interactions, vaccine development, and the evolutionary history of avian immunology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon P. Früh
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
- Institute of Virology, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | | | | | - Thomas W. Göbel
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
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14
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Yu PJ, Zhou M, Liu Y, Du J. Senescent T Cells in Age-Related Diseases. Aging Dis 2024:AD.2024.0219. [PMID: 38502582 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2024.0219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Age-induced alterations in human immunity are often considered deleterious and are referred to as immunosenescence. The immune system monitors the number of senescent cells in the body, while immunosenescence may represent the initiation of systemic aging. Immune cells, particularly T cells, are the most impacted and involved in age-related immune function deterioration, making older individuals more prone to different age-related diseases. T-cell senescence can impact the effectiveness of immunotherapies that rely on the immune system's function, including vaccines and adoptive T-cell therapies. The research and practice of using senescent T cells as therapeutic targets to intervene in age-related diseases are in their nascent stages. Therefore, in this review, we summarize recent related literature to investigate the characteristics of senescent T cells as well as their formation mechanisms, relationship with various aging-related diseases, and means of intervention. The primary objective of this article is to explore the prospects and possibilities of therapeutically targeting senescent T cells, serving as a valuable resource for the development of immunotherapy and treatment of age-related diseases.
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15
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Talepoor AG, Doroudchi M. Regulatory RNAs in immunosenescence. Immun Inflamm Dis 2024; 12:e1209. [PMID: 38456619 PMCID: PMC10921898 DOI: 10.1002/iid3.1209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2023] [Revised: 02/17/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Immunosenescence is a multifactorial stress response to different intrinsic and extrinsic insults that cause immune deterioration and is accompanied by genomic or epigenomic perturbations. It is now widely recognized that genes and proteins contributing in the process of immunosenescence are regulated by various noncoding (nc) RNAs, including microRNAs (miRNAs), long ncRNAs, and circular RNAs. AIMS This review article aimed to evaluate the regulatore RNAs roles in the process of immunosenescence. METHODS We analyzed publications that were focusing on the different roles of regulatory RNAs on the several aspects of immunosenescence. RESULTS In the immunosenescence setting, ncRNAs have been found to play regulatory roles at both transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels. These factors cooperate to regulate the initiation of gene expression programs and sustaining the senescence phenotype and proinflammatory responses. CONCLUSION Immunosenescence is a complex process with pivotal alterations in immune function occurring with age. The extensive network that drive immunosenescence-related features are are mainly directed by a variety of regulatory RNAs such as miRNAs, lncRNAs, and circRNAs. Latest findings about regulation of senescence by ncRNAs in the innate and adaptive immune cells as well as their role in the immunosenescence pathways, provide a better understanding of regulatory RNAs function in the process of immunosenescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atefe Ghamar Talepoor
- Department of Immunology, School of MedicineShiraz University of Medical SciencesShirazIran
- Autoimmune Diseases Research CenterUniversity of Medical SciencesShirazIran
| | - Mehrnoosh Doroudchi
- Department of Immunology, School of MedicineShiraz University of Medical SciencesShirazIran
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16
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Dinges SS, Amini K, Notarangelo LD, Delmonte OM. Primary and secondary defects of the thymus. Immunol Rev 2024; 322:178-211. [PMID: 38228406 PMCID: PMC10950553 DOI: 10.1111/imr.13306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
The thymus is the primary site of T-cell development, enabling generation, and selection of a diverse repertoire of T cells that recognize non-self, whilst remaining tolerant to self- antigens. Severe congenital disorders of thymic development (athymia) can be fatal if left untreated due to infections, and thymic tissue implantation is the only cure. While newborn screening for severe combined immune deficiency has allowed improved detection at birth of congenital athymia, thymic disorders acquired later in life are still underrecognized and assessing the quality of thymic function in such conditions remains a challenge. The thymus is sensitive to injury elicited from a variety of endogenous and exogenous factors, and its self-renewal capacity decreases with age. Secondary and age-related forms of thymic dysfunction may lead to an increased risk of infections, malignancy, and autoimmunity. Promising results have been obtained in preclinical models and clinical trials upon administration of soluble factors promoting thymic regeneration, but to date no therapy is approved for clinical use. In this review we provide a background on thymus development, function, and age-related involution. We discuss disease mechanisms, diagnostic, and therapeutic approaches for primary and secondary thymic defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah S. Dinges
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
- Department of Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, Immunology and Critical Care Medicine, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Kayla Amini
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Luigi D. Notarangelo
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Ottavia M. Delmonte
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
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17
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Latorre D, Monticelli S, Wypych TP, Aschenbrenner D, Notarbartolo S. Editorial: T cell specificity and cross-reactivity - implications in physiology and pathology. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1385415. [PMID: 38481997 PMCID: PMC10933105 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1385415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/18/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Silvia Monticelli
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Università della Svizzera italiana (USI), Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Tomasz P. Wypych
- Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - Samuele Notarbartolo
- Infectious Diseases Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
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18
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Root-Bernstein R. T-Cell Receptor Sequences Identify Combined Coxsackievirus- Streptococci Infections as Triggers for Autoimmune Myocarditis and Coxsackievirus- Clostridia Infections for Type 1 Diabetes. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1797. [PMID: 38339075 PMCID: PMC10855694 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25031797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Recent research suggests that T-cell receptor (TCR) sequences expanded during human immunodeficiency virus and SARS-CoV-2 infections unexpectedly mimic these viruses. The hypothesis tested here is that TCR sequences expanded in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and autoimmune myocarditis (AM) mimic the infectious triggers of these diseases. Indeed, TCR sequences mimicking coxsackieviruses, which are implicated as triggers of both diseases, are statistically significantly increased in both T1DM and AM patients. However, TCRs mimicking Clostridia antigens are significantly expanded in T1DM, whereas TCRs mimicking Streptococcal antigens are expanded in AM. Notably, Clostridia antigens mimic T1DM autoantigens, such as insulin and glutamic acid decarboxylase, whereas Streptococcal antigens mimic cardiac autoantigens, such as myosin and laminins. Thus, T1DM may be triggered by combined infections of coxsackieviruses with Clostridia bacteria, while AM may be triggered by coxsackieviruses with Streptococci. These TCR results are consistent with both epidemiological and clinical data and recent experimental studies of cross-reactivities of coxsackievirus, Clostridial, and Streptococcal antibodies with T1DM and AM antigens. These data provide the basis for developing novel animal models of AM and T1DM and may provide a generalizable method for revealing the etiologies of other autoimmune diseases. Theories to explain these results are explored.
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19
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Jonsson AH. Granzyme K + CD8 T cells in autoimmunity. Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol 2024:101930. [PMID: 38307763 PMCID: PMC11291703 DOI: 10.1016/j.berh.2024.101930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/04/2024]
Abstract
CD8 T cells expressing granzyme K are enriched in synovial tissue from patients with rheumatoid arthritis and in tissues affected by several other autoimmune diseases. The roles these cells play in autoimmune disease is under active investigation, and several recent studies have begun to shed light on this question. Putting this cell type into functional perspective is especially important given their enrichment at the sites of disease. This review summarizes available evidence for the presence of CD8 T cells and other granzyme K-expressing cells in tissues in autoimmune diseases and discusses the effects these cells may have on the pathogenesis of autoimmune conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Helena Jonsson
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Center, Aurora, CO, USA.
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20
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Souquette A, Thomas PG. Variation in the basal immune state and implications for disease. eLife 2024; 13:e90091. [PMID: 38275224 PMCID: PMC10817719 DOI: 10.7554/elife.90091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/21/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Analysis of pre-existing immunity and its effects on acute infection often focus on memory responses associated with a prior infectious exposure. However, memory responses occur in the context of the overall immune state and leukocytes must interact with their microenvironment and other immune cells. Thus, it is important to also consider non-antigen-specific factors which shape the composite basal state and functional capacity of the immune system, termed here as I0 ('I naught'). In this review, we discuss the determinants of I0. Utilizing influenza virus as a model, we then consider the effect of I0 on susceptibility to infection and disease severity. Lastly, we outline a mathematical framework and demonstrate how researchers can build and tailor models to specific needs. Understanding how diverse factors uniquely and collectively impact immune competence will provide valuable insights into mechanisms of immune variation, aid in screening for high-risk populations, and promote the development of broadly applicable prophylactic and therapeutic treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aisha Souquette
- Department of Immunology, St. Jude Children's Research HospitalMemphisUnited States
| | - Paul G Thomas
- Department of Immunology, St. Jude Children's Research HospitalMemphisUnited States
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21
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Huang K, Liu X, Zhang Z, Wang T, Xu H, Li Q, Jia Y, Huang L, Kim P, Zhou X. AgeAnnoMO: a knowledgebase of multi-omics annotation for animal aging. Nucleic Acids Res 2024; 52:D822-D834. [PMID: 37850649 PMCID: PMC10767957 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkad884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 09/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Aging entails gradual functional decline influenced by interconnected factors. Multiple hallmarks proposed as common and conserved underlying denominators of aging on the molecular, cellular and systemic levels across multiple species. Thus, understanding the function of aging hallmarks and their relationships across species can facilitate the translation of anti-aging drug development from model organisms to humans. Here, we built AgeAnnoMO (https://relab.xidian.edu.cn/AgeAnnoMO/#/), a knowledgebase of multi-omics annotation for animal aging. AgeAnnoMO encompasses an extensive collection of 136 datasets from eight modalities, encompassing 8596 samples from 50 representative species, making it a comprehensive resource for aging and longevity research. AgeAnnoMO characterizes multiple aging regulators across species via multi-omics data, comprehensively annotating aging-related genes, proteins, metabolites, mitochondrial genes, microbiotas and age-specific TCR and BCR sequences tied to aging hallmarks for these species and tissues. AgeAnnoMO not only facilitates a deeper and more generalizable understanding of aging mechanisms, but also provides potential insights of the specificity across tissues and species in aging process, which is important to develop the effective anti-aging interventions for diverse populations. We anticipate that AgeAnnoMO will provide a valuable resource for comprehending and integrating the conserved driving hallmarks in aging biology and identifying the targetable biomarkers for aging research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kexin Huang
- The Center of Gerontology and Geriatrics and West China Biomedical Big Data Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, PR China
- Center for Computational Systems Medicine, School of Biomedical Informatics, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Med-X Center for Informatics, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, PR China
| | - Xi Liu
- School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710071, PR China
| | - Zhaocan Zhang
- School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710071, PR China
| | - Tiangang Wang
- School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710071, PR China
| | - Haixia Xu
- The Center of Gerontology and Geriatrics and West China Biomedical Big Data Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, PR China
| | - Qingxuan Li
- School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710071, PR China
| | - Yuhao Jia
- School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710071, PR China
| | - Liyu Huang
- School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710071, PR China
| | - Pora Kim
- Center for Computational Systems Medicine, School of Biomedical Informatics, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Xiaobo Zhou
- Center for Computational Systems Medicine, School of Biomedical Informatics, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
- School of Dentistry, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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22
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Hou C, Wang Z, Lu X. Impact of immunosenescence and inflammaging on the effects of immune checkpoint inhibitors. CANCER PATHOGENESIS AND THERAPY 2024; 2:24-30. [PMID: 38328711 PMCID: PMC10846300 DOI: 10.1016/j.cpt.2023.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/05/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are employed in immunotherapeutic applications for patients with weakened immune systems and can improve the ability of T cells to kill cancer cells. Although ICIs can potentially treat different types of cancers in various groups of patients, their effectiveness may differ among older individuals. The reason ICIs are less effective in older adults is not yet clearly understood, but age-related changes in the immune system, such as immunosenescence and inflammation, may play a role. Therefore, this review focuses on recent advances in understanding the effects of immunosenescence and inflammation on the efficacy of ICIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuandong Hou
- Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing 100853, China
- Department of Hematology, The Second Medical Center & National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Zining Wang
- Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing 100853, China
- Department of Hematology, The Second Medical Center & National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Xuechun Lu
- Department of Hematology, The Second Medical Center & National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
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23
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Ford ES, Mayer-Blackwell K, Jing L, Laing KJ, Sholukh AM, St Germain R, Bossard EL, Xie H, Pulliam TH, Jani S, Selke S, Burrow CJ, McClurkan CL, Wald A, Greninger AL, Holbrook MR, Eaton B, Eudy E, Murphy M, Postnikova E, Robins HS, Elyanow R, Gittelman RM, Ecsedi M, Wilcox E, Chapuis AG, Fiore-Gartland A, Koelle DM. Repeated mRNA vaccination sequentially boosts SARS-CoV-2-specific CD8 + T cells in persons with previous COVID-19. Nat Immunol 2024; 25:166-177. [PMID: 38057617 PMCID: PMC10981451 DOI: 10.1038/s41590-023-01692-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) hybrid immunity is more protective than vaccination or previous infection alone. To investigate the kinetics of spike-reactive T (TS) cells from SARS-CoV-2 infection through messenger RNA vaccination in persons with hybrid immunity, we identified the T cell receptor (TCR) sequences of thousands of index TS cells and tracked their frequency in bulk TCRβ repertoires sampled longitudinally from the peripheral blood of persons who had recovered from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Vaccinations led to large expansions in memory TS cell clonotypes, most of which were CD8+ T cells, while also eliciting diverse TS cell clonotypes not observed before vaccination. TCR sequence similarity clustering identified public CD8+ and CD4+ TCR motifs associated with spike (S) specificity. Synthesis of longitudinal bulk ex vivo single-chain TCRβ repertoires and paired-chain TCRɑβ sequences from droplet sequencing of TS cells provides a roadmap for the rapid assessment of T cell responses to vaccines and emerging pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily S Ford
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | - Lichen Jing
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Kerry J Laing
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Anton M Sholukh
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Russell St Germain
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Emily L Bossard
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Hong Xie
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Thomas H Pulliam
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Saumya Jani
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Stacy Selke
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | | | - Anna Wald
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Alexander L Greninger
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Michael R Holbrook
- Integrated Research Facility, Division of Clinical Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Fort Detrick, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Brett Eaton
- Integrated Research Facility, Division of Clinical Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Fort Detrick, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Elizabeth Eudy
- Integrated Research Facility, Division of Clinical Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Fort Detrick, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Michael Murphy
- Integrated Research Facility, Division of Clinical Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Fort Detrick, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Elena Postnikova
- Integrated Research Facility, Division of Clinical Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Fort Detrick, Frederick, MD, USA
| | | | | | - Rachel M Gittelman
- Adaptive Biotechnologies, Seattle, WA, USA
- Guardant Health, Redwood City, CA, USA
| | - Matyas Ecsedi
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
- Takeda Oncology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Elise Wilcox
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Aude G Chapuis
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Andrew Fiore-Gartland
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - David M Koelle
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA.
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
- Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
- Department of Translational Research, Benaroya Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA.
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24
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Terekhova M, Swain A, Bohacova P, Aladyeva E, Arthur L, Laha A, Mogilenko DA, Burdess S, Sukhov V, Kleverov D, Echalar B, Tsurinov P, Chernyatchik R, Husarcikova K, Artyomov MN. Single-cell atlas of healthy human blood unveils age-related loss of NKG2C +GZMB -CD8 + memory T cells and accumulation of type 2 memory T cells. Immunity 2023; 56:2836-2854.e9. [PMID: 37963457 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2023.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023]
Abstract
Extensive, large-scale single-cell profiling of healthy human blood at different ages is one of the critical pending tasks required to establish a framework for the systematic understanding of human aging. Here, using single-cell RNA/T cell receptor (TCR)/BCR-seq with protein feature barcoding, we profiled 317 samples from 166 healthy individuals aged 25-85 years old. From this, we generated a dataset from ∼2 million cells that described 55 subpopulations of blood immune cells. Twelve subpopulations changed with age, including the accumulation of GZMK+CD8+ T cells and HLA-DR+CD4+ T cells. In contrast to other T cell memory subsets, transcriptionally distinct NKG2C+GZMB-CD8+ T cells counterintuitively decreased with age. Furthermore, we found a concerted age-associated increase in type 2/interleukin (IL)4-expressing memory subpopulations across CD4+ and CD8+ T cell compartments (CCR4+CD8+ Tcm and Th2 CD4+ Tmem), suggesting a systematic functional shift in immune homeostasis with age. Our work provides novel insights into healthy human aging and a comprehensive annotated resource.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Terekhova
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Amanda Swain
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Pavla Bohacova
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Ekaterina Aladyeva
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Laura Arthur
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Anwesha Laha
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Denis A Mogilenko
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO 63110, USA; Department of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt Center for Immunobiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Samantha Burdess
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Vladimir Sukhov
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO 63110, USA; Computer Technologies Laboratory, ITMO University, Saint Petersburg 197101, Russia
| | - Denis Kleverov
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO 63110, USA; Computer Technologies Laboratory, ITMO University, Saint Petersburg 197101, Russia
| | - Barbora Echalar
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Petr Tsurinov
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO 63110, USA; JetBrains Research, 8021 Paphos, Cyprus
| | - Roman Chernyatchik
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO 63110, USA; JetBrains Research, 80639 Munich, Germany
| | - Kamila Husarcikova
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Maxim N Artyomov
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO 63110, USA.
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25
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Jirouš Drulak M, Grgić Z, Plužarić V, Šola M, Opačak-Bernardi T, Viljetić B, Glavaš K, Tolušić-Levak M, Periša V, Mihalj M, Štefanić M, Tokić S. Characterization of the TCRβ repertoire of peripheral MR1-restricted MAIT cells in psoriasis vulgaris patients. Sci Rep 2023; 13:20990. [PMID: 38017021 PMCID: PMC10684872 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-48321-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Psoriasis vulgaris (PV) is an inflammatory skin disease largely driven by aberrant αβT cells. Mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells, which constitute the largest circulating innate-like αβT cell community in human adults, are characterized by a semi-invariant TCRVα7.2 receptor and MR1-restricted affinity toward microbial metabolites. Limited MAIT TCRα diversity is complemented by a more variable TCRβ repertoire, but its footprint in the MAIT repertoire of PV patients has never been tested. Here, we used bulk TCRSeq, MiXCR, VDJTools, and Immunarch pipelines to decipher and compare TCRβ clonotypes from flow-sorted, peripheral TCRVα7.2+MR1-5-OP-RU-tet+MAIT cells from 10 PV patients and 10 healthy, matched controls. The resulting TCRβ collections were highly private and individually unique, with small public clonotype content and high CDR3β amino acid length variability in both groups. The age-related increase in the 'hyperexpanded' clonotype compartment was observed in PV, but not in healthy MAIT repertoires. The TCRβ repertoires of PV patients were also marked by skewed TRBV/TRBJ pairing, and the emergence of PV-specific, public CDR3β peptide sequences closely matching the published CDR3β record from psoriatic skin. Overall, our study provides preliminary insight into the peripheral MAIT TCRβ repertoire in psoriasis and warrants further evaluation of its diagnostic and clinical significance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maja Jirouš Drulak
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Biochemistry and Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Osijek, Croatia.
| | - Zvonimir Grgić
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Osijek, Croatia
| | - Vera Plužarić
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Osijek, Croatia
- Department of Dermatology and Venerology, University Hospital Osijek, Osijek, Croatia
| | - Marija Šola
- Department of Dermatology and Venerology, University Hospital Osijek, Osijek, Croatia
| | - Teuta Opačak-Bernardi
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Biochemistry and Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Osijek, Croatia
| | - Barbara Viljetić
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Biochemistry and Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Osijek, Croatia
| | - Kristina Glavaš
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Osijek, Osijek, Croatia
| | - Maja Tolušić-Levak
- Department of Dermatology and Venerology, University Hospital Osijek, Osijek, Croatia
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Osijek, Croatia
| | - Vlatka Periša
- Department of Internal Medicine and History of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Osijek, Croatia
- Department of Hematology, Clinic of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Osijek, Osijek, Croatia
| | - Martina Mihalj
- Department of Dermatology and Venerology, University Hospital Osijek, Osijek, Croatia
- Department of Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Osijek, Croatia
| | - Mario Štefanić
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Osijek, Croatia.
| | - Stana Tokić
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Osijek, Croatia.
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26
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Ashour D, Rebs S, Arampatzi P, Saliba AE, Dudek J, Schulz R, Hofmann U, Frantz S, Cochain C, Streckfuß-Bömeke K, Campos Ramos G. An interferon gamma response signature links myocardial aging and immunosenescence. Cardiovasc Res 2023; 119:2458-2468. [PMID: 37141306 PMCID: PMC10651211 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvad068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS Aging entails profound immunological transformations that can impact myocardial homeostasis and predispose to heart failure. However, preclinical research in the immune-cardiology field is mostly conducted in young healthy animals, which potentially weakens its translational relevance. Herein, we sought to investigate how the aging T-cell compartment associates with changes in myocardial cell biology in aged mice. METHODS AND RESULTS We phenotyped the antigen-experienced effector/memory T cells purified from heart-draining lymph nodes of 2-, 6-, 12-, and 18-month-old C57BL/6J mice using single-cell RNA/T cell receptor sequencing. Simultaneously, we profiled all non-cardiomyocyte cell subsets purified from 2- to 18-month-old hearts and integrated our data with publicly available cardiomyocyte single-cell sequencing datasets. Some of these findings were confirmed at the protein level by flow cytometry. With aging, the heart-draining lymph node and myocardial T cells underwent clonal expansion and exhibited an up-regulated pro-inflammatory transcription signature, marked by an increased interferon-γ (IFN-γ) production. In parallel, all major myocardial cell populations showed increased IFN-γ responsive signature with aging. In the aged cardiomyocytes, a stronger IFN-γ response signature was paralleled by the dampening of expression levels of transcripts related to most metabolic pathways, especially oxidative phosphorylation. Likewise, induced pluripotent stem cells-derived cardiomyocytes exposed to chronic, low grade IFN-γ treatment showed a similar inhibition of metabolic activity. CONCLUSIONS By investigating the paired age-related alterations in the T cells found in the heart and its draining lymph nodes, we provide evidence for increased myocardial IFN-γ signaling with age, which is associated with inflammatory and metabolic shifts typically seen in heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- DiyaaElDin Ashour
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Würzburg, Oberdürrbacher Str. 6, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
- Comprehensive Heart Failure Centre, University Hospital Würzburg, Am Schwarzenberg 15, 97078 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Sabine Rebs
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Würzburg, Versbacher Str. 9, 97078 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Panagiota Arampatzi
- Core Unit Systems Medicine, University of Würzburg, Josef-Schneider-Str. 2, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Antoine-Emmanuel Saliba
- University of Würzburg, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Molecular Infection Biology (IMIB), Josef-Schneider-Str. 2, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
- Helmholtz Institute for RNA-based Infection Research (HIRI), Helmholtz-Centre for Infection Research (HZI), Josef-Schneider-Str. 2, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Jan Dudek
- Comprehensive Heart Failure Centre, University Hospital Würzburg, Am Schwarzenberg 15, 97078 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Richard Schulz
- Departments of Pediatrics and Pharmacology, Mazankowski Alberta Heart Institute, University of Alberta, 4-62 HMRC, 11207 87 Ave NW, Edmonton, Alberta T6G, 2S2 Canada
| | - Ulrich Hofmann
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Würzburg, Oberdürrbacher Str. 6, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
- Comprehensive Heart Failure Centre, University Hospital Würzburg, Am Schwarzenberg 15, 97078 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Stefan Frantz
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Würzburg, Oberdürrbacher Str. 6, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
- Comprehensive Heart Failure Centre, University Hospital Würzburg, Am Schwarzenberg 15, 97078 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Clément Cochain
- Comprehensive Heart Failure Centre, University Hospital Würzburg, Am Schwarzenberg 15, 97078 Würzburg, Germany
- Institute of Experimental Biomedicine, University Hospital Würzburg, Josef-Schneider-Str. 2, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Katrin Streckfuß-Bömeke
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Würzburg, Versbacher Str. 9, 97078 Würzburg, Germany
- Clinic for Cardiology and Pneumology, Georg-August University Göttingen, and DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Robert-Koch-Straße 40, 37075 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Gustavo Campos Ramos
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Würzburg, Oberdürrbacher Str. 6, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
- Comprehensive Heart Failure Centre, University Hospital Würzburg, Am Schwarzenberg 15, 97078 Würzburg, Germany
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27
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Gressler AE, Leng H, Zinecker H, Simon AK. Proteostasis in T cell aging. Semin Immunol 2023; 70:101838. [PMID: 37708826 PMCID: PMC10804938 DOI: 10.1016/j.smim.2023.101838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
Aging leads to a decline in immune cell function, which leaves the organism vulnerable to infections and age-related multimorbidities. One major player of the adaptive immune response are T cells, and recent studies argue for a major role of disturbed proteostasis contributing to reduced function of these cells upon aging. Proteostasis refers to the state of a healthy, balanced proteome in the cell and is influenced by synthesis (translation), maintenance and quality control of proteins, as well as degradation of damaged or unwanted proteins by the proteasome, autophagy, lysosome and cytoplasmic enzymes. This review focuses on molecular processes impacting on proteostasis in T cells, and specifically functional or quantitative changes of each of these upon aging. Importantly, we describe the biological consequences of compromised proteostasis in T cells, which range from impaired T cell activation and function to enhancement of inflamm-aging by aged T cells. Finally, approaches to improve proteostasis and thus rejuvenate aged T cells through pharmacological or physical interventions are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Elisabeth Gressler
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Robert-Rössle-Str. 10, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Houfu Leng
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford OX3 7FY, United Kingdom; Department of Biological Chemistry, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Heidi Zinecker
- Ascenion GmbH, Am Zirkus 1, Bertold-Brecht-Platz 3, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Anna Katharina Simon
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Robert-Rössle-Str. 10, 13125 Berlin, Germany; Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford OX3 7FY, United Kingdom.
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28
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de Boer RJ, Tesselaar K, Borghans JAM. Better safe than sorry: Naive T-cell dynamics in healthy ageing. Semin Immunol 2023; 70:101839. [PMID: 37716048 DOI: 10.1016/j.smim.2023.101839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/02/2023] [Indexed: 09/18/2023]
Abstract
It is well-known that the functioning of the immune system gradually deteriorates with age, and we are increasingly confronted with its consequences as the life expectancy of the human population increases. Changes in the T-cell pool are among the most prominent features of the changing immune system during healthy ageing, and changes in the naive T-cell pool in particular are generally held responsible for its gradual deterioration. These changes in the naive T-cell pool are thought to be due to involution of the thymus. It is commonly believed that the gradual loss of thymic output induces compensatory mechanisms to maintain the number of naive T cells at a relatively constant level, and induces a loss of diversity in the T-cell repertoire. Here we review the studies that support or challenge this widely-held view of immune ageing and discuss the implications for vaccination strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rob J de Boer
- Theoretical Biology and Bioinformatics, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Kiki Tesselaar
- Center for Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - José A M Borghans
- Center for Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
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29
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Martyshkina YS, Tereshchenko VP, Bogdanova DA, Rybtsov SA. Reliable Hallmarks and Biomarkers of Senescent Lymphocytes. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15653. [PMID: 37958640 PMCID: PMC10647376 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242115653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The phenomenon of accumulation of senescent adaptive immunity cells in the elderly is attracting attention due to the increasing risk of global epidemics and aging of the global population. Elderly people are predisposed to various infectious and age-related diseases and are at higher risk of vaccination failure. The accumulation of senescent cells increases age-related background inflammation, "Inflammaging", causing lymphocyte exhaustion and cardiovascular, neurodegenerative, autoimmune and cancer diseases. Here, we present a comprehensive contemporary review of the mechanisms and phenotype of senescence in the adaptive immune system. Although modern research has not yet identified specific markers of aging lymphocytes, several sets of markers facilitate the separation of the aging population based on normal memory and exhausted cells for further genetic and functional analysis. The reasons for the higher predisposition of CD8+ T-lymphocytes to senescence compared to the CD4+ population are also discussed. We point out approaches for senescent-lymphocyte-targeting markers using small molecules (senolytics), antibodies and immunization against senescent cells. The suppression of immune senescence is the most relevant area of research aimed at developing anti-aging and anti-cancer therapy for prolonging the lifespan of the global population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuliya S. Martyshkina
- Division of Immunobiology and Biomedicine, Center for Genetics and Life Sciences, Sirius University of Science and Technology, Olimpiyskiy Ave. b.1, Sirius 354340, Krasnodar Region, Russia; (Y.S.M.)
| | - Valeriy P. Tereshchenko
- Resource Center for Cell Technology and Immunology, Sirius University of Science and Technology, Olimpiyskiy Ave. b.1, Sirius 354340, Krasnodar Region, Russia
| | - Daria A. Bogdanova
- Division of Immunobiology and Biomedicine, Center for Genetics and Life Sciences, Sirius University of Science and Technology, Olimpiyskiy Ave. b.1, Sirius 354340, Krasnodar Region, Russia; (Y.S.M.)
| | - Stanislav A. Rybtsov
- Resource Center for Cell Technology and Immunology, Sirius University of Science and Technology, Olimpiyskiy Ave. b.1, Sirius 354340, Krasnodar Region, Russia
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30
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Mika J, Yoshida K, Kusunoki Y, Candéias SM, Polanska J. Sex- and age-specific aspects of human peripheral T-cell dynamics. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1224304. [PMID: 37901211 PMCID: PMC10613070 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1224304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The diversity of the antigenic T cell receptor (TCR) repertoire clonally expressed on T lymphocytes is a key element of the adaptive immune system protective functions. A decline in diversity in the older adults is associated with health deterioration. This diversity is generated by the rearrangement of TRB genes coding for TCR chains during lymphocyte differentiation in the thymus, but is essentially maintained by peripheral T lymphocytes proliferation for most of life. Deep sequencing of rearranged TRB genes from blood cells allows the monitoring of peripheral T cell repertoire dynamics. We analysed two aspects of rearranged TRB diversity, related to T lymphocyte proliferation and to the distribution of the T cell clone size, in a collection of repertoires obtained from 1 to 74 years-old donors. Results Our results show that peripheral T lymphocytes expansion differs according to the recombination status of their TRB loci. Their proliferation rate changes with age, with different patterns in men and women. T cell clone size becomes more heterogeneous with time, and, in adults, is always more even in women. Importantly, a longitudinal analysis of TRB repertoires obtained at ten years intervals from individual men and women confirms the findings of this cross-sectional study. Conclusions Peripheral T lymphocyte proliferation partially depends on their thymic developmental history. The rate of proliferation of T cells differing in their TRB rearrangement status is different in men and women before the age of 18 years old, but similar thereafter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justyna Mika
- Department of Data Science and Engineering, Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
| | - Kengo Yoshida
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, Radiation Effects Research Foundation, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Yoichiro Kusunoki
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, Radiation Effects Research Foundation, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Serge M. Candéias
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives (CEA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Interdisciplinary Research Institute of Grenoble (IRIG), Laboratory of Chemistry and Biology of Metals (LCBM), Grenoble, France
| | - Joanna Polanska
- Department of Data Science and Engineering, Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
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31
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Le CT, Vick LV, Collins C, Dunai C, Sheng MK, Khuat LT, Barao I, Judge SJ, Aguilar EG, Curti B, Dave M, Longo DL, Blazar BR, Canter RJ, Monjazeb AM, Murphy WJ. Regulation of human and mouse bystander T cell activation responses by PD-1. JCI Insight 2023; 8:e173287. [PMID: 37737264 PMCID: PMC10561715 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.173287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Bystander activation of memory T cells occurs via cytokine signaling alone in the absence of T cell receptor (TCR) signaling and provides a means of amplifying T cell effector responses in an antigen-nonspecific manner. While the role of Programmed Cell Death Protein 1 (PD-1) on antigen-specific T cell responses is extensively characterized, its role in bystander T cell responses is less clear. We examined the role of the PD-1 pathway during human and mouse non-antigen-specific memory T cell bystander activation and observed that PD-1+ T cells demonstrated less activation and proliferation than activated PD-1- populations in vitro. Higher activation and proliferative responses were also observed in the PD-1- memory population in both mice and patients with cancer receiving high-dose IL-2, mirroring the in vitro phenotypes. This inhibitory effect of PD-1 could be reversed by PD-1 blockade in vivo or observed using memory T cells from PD-1-/- mice. Interestingly, increased activation through abrogation of PD-1 signaling in bystander-activated T cells also resulted in increased apoptosis due to activation-induced cell death (AICD) and eventual T cell loss in vivo. These results demonstrate that the PD-1/PD-Ligand 1 (PD-L1) pathway inhibited bystander-activated memory T cell responses but also protected cells from AICD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Lam T. Khuat
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, and
| | - Isabel Barao
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, and
| | - Sean J. Judge
- Department of Surgery, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, California, USA
| | - Ethan G. Aguilar
- Masonic Cancer Center, and Division of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Brendan Curti
- Earle A. Chiles Research Institute at the Robert W. Franz Cancer Center, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Maneesh Dave
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, California, USA
| | - Dan L. Longo
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Bruce R. Blazar
- Masonic Cancer Center, and Division of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Robert J. Canter
- Department of Surgery, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, California, USA
| | | | - William J. Murphy
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, and
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of California, Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, California, USA
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32
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Sottini A, Quaresima V, Barbaro M, Moiola L, Filippi M, Malentacchi M, Capobianco M, Puthenparampil M, Gallo P, Cocco E, Frau J, Zaffaroni M, Guaschino C, Stampatori C, Mancinelli C, Brambilla L, Clerici VT, Vianello M, Vitetta F, Ferraro D, Rosettani P, Danni MC, Conti M, Grimoldi M, Capra R, Imberti L. Clinical relevance of thymic and bone marrow outputs in multiple sclerosis patients treated with alemtuzumab. J Neuroimmunol 2023; 382:578170. [PMID: 37579546 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2023.578170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/16/2023]
Abstract
Thymic and bone marrow outputs were evaluated in 13 sequential samples of 68 multiple sclerosis patients who initiated alemtuzumab and were clinically followed for 48 months. Three months after alemtuzumab infusions, the levels of new T lymphocytes were significantly reduced, but progressively increased reaching the highest values at 36 months, indicating the remarkable capacity of thymic function recovery. Newly produced B cells exceeded baseline levels as early as 3 months after alemtuzumab initiation. Heterogeneous patterns of new T- and B-cell recovery were identified, but without associations with age, sex, previous therapies, development of secondary autoimmunity or infections, and disease re-emergence. Trial registration version 2.0-27/01/2016.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Sottini
- Diagnostic Laboratory, Diagnostic Department, ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, Brescia, Italy.
| | - Virginia Quaresima
- Diagnostic Laboratory, Diagnostic Department, ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Mosè Barbaro
- Diagnostic Laboratory, Diagnostic Department, ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, Brescia, Italy; Laboratorio analisi, Ospedale Civile di Sondrio, ASST Valtellina e Alto Lario, Sondrio, Italy
| | - Lucia Moiola
- Neurology Department-Multiple Sclerosis Center, IRCCS San Raffaele Institute, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Massimo Filippi
- Neurology and Neurorehabilitation Units, MS Center, Headache Center, Epilepsy Center, and Stroke Unit, Neurophysiology Service, and Neuroimaging Research Unit, Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Maria Malentacchi
- SCDO Neurologia e Centro di Riferimento Regionale Sclerosi Multipla, AOU San Luigi Gonzaga, Orbassano, Italy
| | - Marco Capobianco
- SCDO Neurologia e Centro di Riferimento Regionale Sclerosi Multipla, AOU San Luigi Gonzaga, Orbassano, Italy
| | - Marco Puthenparampil
- Department of Neuroscience (DNS), School of Medicine - University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Paolo Gallo
- Department of Neuroscience (DNS), School of Medicine - University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Eleonora Cocco
- Centro Sclerosi Multipla AOU Cagliari - University of Cagliari, Italy
| | | | - Mauro Zaffaroni
- Centro Sclerosi Multipla, Ospedale di Gallarate, ASST della Valle Olona, Gallarate, Italy
| | - Clara Guaschino
- Centro Sclerosi Multipla, Ospedale di Gallarate, ASST della Valle Olona, Gallarate, Italy
| | - Chiara Stampatori
- Centro Regionale per la Sclerosi Multipla, ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, Montichiari, Brescia, Italy
| | - Chiara Mancinelli
- Centro Regionale per la Sclerosi Multipla, ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, Montichiari, Brescia, Italy; U.O. Neuroimmunologia e Malattie Neuromuscolari, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Laura Brambilla
- U.O. Neuroimmunologia e Malattie Neuromuscolari, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Valentina Torri Clerici
- U.O. Neuroimmunologia e Malattie Neuromuscolari, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Francesca Vitetta
- Centro Malattie Demielinizzanti, Ospedale Civile Baggiovara, AOU Modena, Italy
| | - Diana Ferraro
- Centro Malattie Demielinizzanti, Ospedale Civile Baggiovara, AOU Modena, Italy
| | - Pamela Rosettani
- Clinica Neurologica, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria delle Marche, Torrette, Ancona, Italy
| | - Maura Chiara Danni
- Clinica Neurologica, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria delle Marche, Torrette, Ancona, Italy
| | - Marta Conti
- Department of Neurology, Papa Giovanni XXIII Hospital, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Maria Grimoldi
- Department of Neurology, Papa Giovanni XXIII Hospital, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Ruggero Capra
- Centro Regionale per la Sclerosi Multipla, ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, Montichiari, Brescia, Italy
| | - Luisa Imberti
- Diagnostic Laboratory, Diagnostic Department, ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, Brescia, Italy; Section of Microbiology, University of Brescia, P. le Spedali Civili, 1, Brescia, Italy
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Wang Z, Muecksch F, Raspe R, Johannsen F, Turroja M, Canis M, ElTanbouly MA, Santos GSS, Johnson B, Baharani VA, Patejak R, Yao KH, Chirco BJ, Millard KG, Shimeliovich I, Gazumyan A, Oliveira TY, Bieniasz PD, Hatziioannou T, Caskey M, Nussenzweig MC. Memory B cell development elicited by mRNA booster vaccinations in the elderly. J Exp Med 2023; 220:e20230668. [PMID: 37368240 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20230668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite mRNA vaccination, elderly individuals remain especially vulnerable to severe consequences of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Here, we compare the memory B cell responses in a cohort of elderly and younger individuals who received mRNA booster vaccinations. Plasma neutralizing potency and breadth were similar between the two groups. By contrast, the absolute number of SARS-CoV-2-specific memory B cells was lower in the elderly. Antibody sequencing revealed that the SARS-CoV-2-specific elderly memory compartments were more clonal and less diverse. Notably, memory antibodies from the elderly preferentially targeted the ACE2-binding site on the RBD, while those from younger individuals targeted less accessible but more conserved epitopes. Nevertheless, individual memory antibodies elicited by booster vaccines in the elderly and younger individuals showed similar levels of neutralizing activity and breadth against SARS-CoV-2 variants. Thus, the relatively diminished protective effects of vaccination against serious disease in the elderly are associated with a smaller number of antigen-specific memory B cells that express altered antibody repertoires.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zijun Wang
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, The Rockefeller University , New York, NY, USA
| | - Frauke Muecksch
- Laboratory of Retrovirology, The Rockefeller University , New York, NY, USA
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Virology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Raphael Raspe
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, The Rockefeller University , New York, NY, USA
| | - Frederik Johannsen
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, The Rockefeller University , New York, NY, USA
| | - Martina Turroja
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, The Rockefeller University , New York, NY, USA
| | - Marie Canis
- Laboratory of Retrovirology, The Rockefeller University , New York, NY, USA
| | - Mohamed A ElTanbouly
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, The Rockefeller University , New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Brianna Johnson
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, The Rockefeller University , New York, NY, USA
| | - Viren A Baharani
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, The Rockefeller University , New York, NY, USA
- Laboratory of Retrovirology, The Rockefeller University , New York, NY, USA
| | - Rachel Patejak
- Laboratory of Retrovirology, The Rockefeller University , New York, NY, USA
| | - Kai-Hui Yao
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, The Rockefeller University , New York, NY, USA
| | - Bennett J Chirco
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, The Rockefeller University , New York, NY, USA
| | - Katrina G Millard
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, The Rockefeller University , New York, NY, USA
| | - Irina Shimeliovich
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, The Rockefeller University , New York, NY, USA
| | - Anna Gazumyan
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, The Rockefeller University , New York, NY, USA
| | - Thiago Y Oliveira
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, The Rockefeller University , New York, NY, USA
| | - Paul D Bieniasz
- Laboratory of Retrovirology, The Rockefeller University , New York, NY, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute , Maryland, MD, USA
| | | | - Marina Caskey
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, The Rockefeller University , New York, NY, USA
| | - Michel C Nussenzweig
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, The Rockefeller University , New York, NY, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute , Maryland, MD, USA
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Weng NP. Numbers and odds: TCR repertoire size and its age changes impacting on T cell functions. Semin Immunol 2023; 69:101810. [PMID: 37515916 PMCID: PMC10530048 DOI: 10.1016/j.smim.2023.101810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/31/2023]
Abstract
A vast array of αβ T cell receptors (TCRs) is generated during T cell development in the thymus through V(D)J recombination, which involves the rearrangement of multiple V, D, and J genes and the pairing of α and β chains. These diverse TCRs provide protection to the human body against a multitude of foreign pathogens and internal cancer cells. The entirety of TCRs present in an individual's T cells is referred to as the TCR repertoire. Despite an estimated 4 × 1011 T cells in the adult human body, the lower bound estimate for the TCR repertoire is 3.8 × 108. While the number of circulating T cells may slightly decrease with age, the changes in the diversity of the TCR repertoire is more apparent. Here, I review recent advancements in TCR repertoire studies, the methods used to measure it, how richness and diversity change as humans age, and some of the known consequences associated with these changes.
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MESH Headings
- Adult
- Humans
- T-Lymphocytes/metabolism
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, alpha-beta/genetics
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, alpha-beta/metabolism
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell/genetics
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan-Ping Weng
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Immunology, National Institute on Aging, NIH, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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Hu C, Wu H, Zhu Q, Cao N, Wang H. Cholesterol metabolism in T-cell aging: Accomplices or victims. FASEB J 2023; 37:e23136. [PMID: 37584624 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202300515r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2023] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/17/2023]
Abstract
Aging has a significant impact on the function and metabolism of T cells. Cholesterol, the most important sterol in mammals, is known as the "gold of the body" because it maintains membrane fluidity, rigidity, and signal transduction while also serving as a precursor of oxysterols, bile acids, and steroid hormones. Cholesterol homeostasis is primarily controlled by uptake, biosynthesis, efflux, and regulatory mechanisms. Previous studies have suggested that there are reciprocal interactions between cholesterol metabolism and T lymphocytes. Here, we will summarize the most recent advances in the effects of cholesterol and its derivatives on T-cell aging. We will furthermore discuss interventions that might be used to help older individuals with immune deficiencies or diminishing immune competence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cexun Hu
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Yueyang Maternal and Child Health-Care Hospital, Yueyang, P.R. China
- Department of Immunology, Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine of Jiangsu Province, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, P.R. China
| | - Hongliang Wu
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Yueyang Maternal and Child Health-Care Hospital, Yueyang, P.R. China
| | - Qun Zhu
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Yueyang Maternal and Child Health-Care Hospital, Yueyang, P.R. China
| | - Na Cao
- Department of Hematology, Yueyang People's Hospital, Yueyang, P. R. China
- Yueyang Hospital Affiliated to Hunan Normal University, Yueyang, P.R. China
| | - Hui Wang
- Department of Immunology, Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine of Jiangsu Province, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, P.R. China
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, P.R. China
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36
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Aghamohamadi N, Shahba F, Zarezadeh Mehrabadi A, Khorramdelazad H, Karimi M, Falak R, Emameh RZ. Age-dependent immune responses in COVID-19-mediated liver injury: focus on cytokines. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1139692. [PMID: 37654571 PMCID: PMC10465349 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1139692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is potentially pathogenic and causes severe symptoms; in addition to respiratory syndromes, patients might experience other severe conditions such as digestive complications and liver complications injury. The abnormality in the liver is manifested by hepatobiliary dysfunction and enzymatic elevation, which is associated with morbidity and mortality. The direct cytopathic effect, immune dysfunction, cytokine storm, and adverse effects of therapeutic regimens have a crucial role in the severity of liver injury. According to aging and immune system alterations, cytokine patterns may also change in the elderly. Moreover, hyperproduction of cytokines in the inflammatory response to SARS-CoV-2 can lead to multi-organ dysfunction. The mortality rate in elderly patients, particularly those with other comorbidities, is also higher than in adults. Although the pathogenic effect of SARS-CoV-2 on the liver has been widely studied, the impact of age and immune-mediated responses at different ages remain unclear. This review discusses the association between immune system responses in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients of different ages and liver injury, focusing on cytokine alterations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nazanin Aghamohamadi
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Faezeh Shahba
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Zarezadeh Mehrabadi
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Khorramdelazad
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Milad Karimi
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Falak
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Zolfaghari Emameh
- Department of Energy and Environmental Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), Tehran, Iran
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Abdul-Aziz A, Devine RD, Lyberger JM, Chang H, Kovacs A, Lerma JR, Rogers AM, Byrd JC, Hertlein E, Behbehani GK. Mass Cytometry as a Tool for Investigating Senescence in Multiple Model Systems. Cells 2023; 12:2045. [PMID: 37626855 PMCID: PMC10453346 DOI: 10.3390/cells12162045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 07/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Cellular senescence is a durable cell cycle arrest as a result of the finite proliferative capacity of cells. Senescence responds to both intrinsic and extrinsic cellular stresses, such as aging, mitochondrial dysfunction, irradiation, and chemotherapy. Here, we report on the use of mass cytometry (MC) to analyze multiple model systems and demonstrate MC as a platform for senescence analysis at the single-cell level. We demonstrate changes to p16 expression, cell cycling fraction, and histone tail modifications in several established senescent model systems and using isolated human T cells. In bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells (BMSCs), we show increased p16 expression with subsequent passage as well as a reduction in cycling cells and open chromatin marks. In WI-38 cells, we demonstrate increased p16 expression with both culture-induced senescence and oxidative stress-induced senescence (OSIS). We also use Wanderlust, a trajectory analysis tool, to demonstrate how p16 expression changes with histone tail modifications and cell cycle proteins. Finally, we demonstrate that repetitive stimulation of human T cells with CD3/CD28 beads induces an exhausted phenotype with increased p16 expression. This p16-expressing population exhibited higher expression of exhaustion markers such as EOMES and TOX. This work demonstrates that MC is a useful platform for studying senescence at a single-cell protein level, and is capable of measuring multiple markers of senescence at once with high confidence, thereby improving our understanding of senescent pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amina Abdul-Aziz
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221, USA; (A.A.-A.)
| | - Raymond D. Devine
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Justin M. Lyberger
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Hsiaochi Chang
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Amy Kovacs
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - James R. Lerma
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221, USA; (A.A.-A.)
| | - Andrew M. Rogers
- Maine Medical Center, Portland, ME 04102, USA
- Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02111, USA
| | - John C. Byrd
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221, USA; (A.A.-A.)
| | - Erin Hertlein
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221, USA; (A.A.-A.)
| | - Gregory K. Behbehani
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- Pelotonia Institute for Immuno-Oncology, The James Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
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Abstract
BACKGROUND The function of the thymus in human adults is unclear, and routine removal of the thymus is performed in a variety of surgical procedures. We hypothesized that the adult thymus is needed to sustain immune competence and overall health. METHODS We evaluated the risk of death, cancer, and autoimmune disease among adult patients who had undergone thymectomy as compared with demographically matched controls who had undergone similar cardiothoracic surgery without thymectomy. T-cell production and plasma cytokine levels were also compared in a subgroup of patients. RESULTS After exclusions, 1420 patients who had undergone thymectomy and 6021 controls were included in the study; 1146 of the patients who had undergone thymectomy had a matched control and were included in the primary cohort. At 5 years after surgery, all-cause mortality was higher in the thymectomy group than in the control group (8.1% vs. 2.8%; relative risk, 2.9; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.7 to 4.8), as was the risk of cancer (7.4% vs. 3.7%; relative risk, 2.0; 95% CI, 1.3 to 3.2). Although the risk of autoimmune disease did not differ substantially between the groups in the overall primary cohort (relative risk, 1.1; 95% CI, 0.8 to 1.4), a difference was found when patients with preoperative infection, cancer, or autoimmune disease were excluded from the analysis (12.3% vs. 7.9%; relative risk, 1.5; 95% CI, 1.02 to 2.2). In an analysis involving all patients with more than 5 years of follow-up (with or without a matched control), all-cause mortality was higher in the thymectomy group than in the general U.S. population (9.0% vs. 5.2%), as was mortality due to cancer (2.3% vs. 1.5%). In the subgroup of patients in whom T-cell production and plasma cytokine levels were measured (22 in the thymectomy group and 19 in the control group; mean follow-up, 14.2 postoperative years), those who had undergone thymectomy had less new production of CD4+ and CD8+ lymphocytes than controls (mean CD4+ signal joint T-cell receptor excision circle [sjTREC] count, 1451 vs. 526 per microgram of DNA [P = 0.009]; mean CD8+ sjTREC count, 1466 vs. 447 per microgram of DNA [P<0.001]) and higher levels of proinflammatory cytokines in the blood. CONCLUSIONS In this study, all-cause mortality and the risk of cancer were higher among patients who had undergone thymectomy than among controls. Thymectomy also appeared be associated with an increased risk of autoimmune disease when patients with preoperative infection, cancer, or autoimmune disease were excluded from the analysis. (Funded by the Tracey and Craig A. Huff Harvard Stem Cell Institute Research Support Fund and others.).
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Affiliation(s)
- Kameron A Kooshesh
- From the Centers for Regenerative Medicine (K.A.K., D.B.S., K.G., D.T.S.) and Systems Biology (B.H.F.), Massachusetts General Hospital, the Harvard Stem Cell Institute (K.A.K., K.G., D.T.S.), the Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University (K.A.K., K.G., D.T.S.), and Harvard Medical School (K.A.K., B.H.F., D.B.S., K.G., D.T.S.) - all in Boston
| | - Brody H Foy
- From the Centers for Regenerative Medicine (K.A.K., D.B.S., K.G., D.T.S.) and Systems Biology (B.H.F.), Massachusetts General Hospital, the Harvard Stem Cell Institute (K.A.K., K.G., D.T.S.), the Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University (K.A.K., K.G., D.T.S.), and Harvard Medical School (K.A.K., B.H.F., D.B.S., K.G., D.T.S.) - all in Boston
| | - David B Sykes
- From the Centers for Regenerative Medicine (K.A.K., D.B.S., K.G., D.T.S.) and Systems Biology (B.H.F.), Massachusetts General Hospital, the Harvard Stem Cell Institute (K.A.K., K.G., D.T.S.), the Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University (K.A.K., K.G., D.T.S.), and Harvard Medical School (K.A.K., B.H.F., D.B.S., K.G., D.T.S.) - all in Boston
| | - Karin Gustafsson
- From the Centers for Regenerative Medicine (K.A.K., D.B.S., K.G., D.T.S.) and Systems Biology (B.H.F.), Massachusetts General Hospital, the Harvard Stem Cell Institute (K.A.K., K.G., D.T.S.), the Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University (K.A.K., K.G., D.T.S.), and Harvard Medical School (K.A.K., B.H.F., D.B.S., K.G., D.T.S.) - all in Boston
| | - David T Scadden
- From the Centers for Regenerative Medicine (K.A.K., D.B.S., K.G., D.T.S.) and Systems Biology (B.H.F.), Massachusetts General Hospital, the Harvard Stem Cell Institute (K.A.K., K.G., D.T.S.), the Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University (K.A.K., K.G., D.T.S.), and Harvard Medical School (K.A.K., B.H.F., D.B.S., K.G., D.T.S.) - all in Boston
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Whelan M, Galipeau Y, White-Al Habeeb N, Konforte D, Abou El Hassan M, Booth RA, Arnold C, Langlois MA, Pelchat M. Cross-sectional Characterization of SARS-CoV-2 Antibody Levels and Decay Rates Following Infection of Unvaccinated Elderly Individuals. Open Forum Infect Dis 2023; 10:ofad384. [PMID: 37547857 PMCID: PMC10404006 DOI: 10.1093/ofid/ofad384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background SARS-CoV-2 infections have disproportionally burdened elderly populations with excessive mortality. While several contributing factors exists, questions remain about the quality and duration of humoral antibody-mediated responses resulting from infections in unvaccinated elderly individuals. Methods Residual serum/plasma samples were collected from individuals undergoing routine SARS-CoV-2 polymerase chain reaction testing in a community laboratory in Canada. The samples were collected in 2020, before vaccines became available. IgG, IgA, and IgM antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid, trimeric spike, and its receptor-binding domain were quantified via a high-throughput chemiluminescent enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Neutralization efficiency was also quantified through a surrogate high-throughput protein-based neutralization assay. Results This study analyzed SARS-CoV-2 antibody levels in a large cross-sectional cohort (N = 739), enriched for elderly individuals (median age, 82 years; 75% >65 years old), where 72% of samples tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 by polymerase chain reaction. The age group ≥90 years had higher levels of antibodies than that <65 years. Neutralization efficiency showed an age-dependent trend, where older persons had higher levels of neutralizing antibodies. Antibodies targeting the nucleocapsid had the fastest decline. IgG antibodies targeting the receptor-binding domain remained stable over time, potentially explaining the lack of neutralization decay observed in this cohort. Conclusions Despite older individuals having the highest levels of antibodies postinfection, they are the cohort in which antibody decay was the fastest. Until a better understanding of correlates of protection is acquired, along with the protective role of nonneutralizing antibodies, booster vaccinations remain important in this demographic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marilyn Whelan
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Yannick Galipeau
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | | | | | - Mohamed Abou El Hassan
- LifeLabs Medical Laboratory Services, Etobicoke, Canada
- Department of Pathology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Canada
| | - Ronald A Booth
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine and the Eastern Ontario Regional Laboratory Association, University of Ottawa and The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Corey Arnold
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Marc-André Langlois
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
- Centre for Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Martin Pelchat
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
- Centre for Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
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Marchi S, Fallani E, Salvatore M, Montomoli E, Trombetta CM. The burden of influenza and the role of influenza vaccination in adults aged 50-64 years: A summary of available evidence. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2023; 19:2257048. [PMID: 37778401 PMCID: PMC10760501 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2023.2257048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Influenza is a vaccine-preventable disease and a global public health problem. Although most national influenza vaccination recommendations focus on subjects aged ≥65 years, an extensive burden of influenza has also been reported in those aged ≥50 years and is exacerbated by immune system aging. The main purpose of this review is to provide an overview of the burden of influenza and its potential prevention within the 50-64 age-group. These subjects account for a large proportion of the workforce, and play a central economic and social role. Individuals aged 50-64 years had a 3-times higher rate of hospitalization and a 9-fold higher mortality rate attributable to influenza than those aged 18-49-years, generating higher influenza-related hospitalization costs. Available data suggest that including healthy subjects aged 50-64 years in influenza vaccination recommendations would allow a broader population to be reached, reducing the economic and social burden of influenza.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serena Marchi
- Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Elettra Fallani
- Seqirus S.r.l., Monteriggioni, Italy
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Marco Salvatore
- Seqirus S.r.l., Monteriggioni, Italy
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Emanuele Montomoli
- Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
- VisMederi srl, Siena, Italy
- VisMederi Research srl, Siena, Italy
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Shireman JM, Gonugunta N, Zhao L, Pattnaik A, Distler E, Her S, Wang X, Das R, Galipeau J, Dey M. GM-CSF and IL-7 fusion cytokine engineered tumor vaccine generates long-term Th-17 memory cells and increases overall survival in aged syngeneic mouse models of glioblastoma. Aging Cell 2023; 22:e13864. [PMID: 37165998 PMCID: PMC10352573 DOI: 10.1111/acel.13864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Age-related immune dysfunctions, such as decreased T-cell output, are closely related to pathologies like cancers and lack of vaccine efficacy among the elderly. Engineered fusokine, GIFT-7, a fusion of interleukin 7 (IL-7) and GM-CSF, can reverse aging-related lymphoid organ atrophy. We generated a GIFT-7 fusokine tumor vaccine and employed it in aged syngeneic mouse models of glioblastoma and found that peripheral vaccination with GIFT-7TVax resulted in thymic regeneration and generated durable long-term antitumor immunity specifically in aged mice. Global cytokine analysis showed increased pro-inflammatory cytokines including IL-1β in the vaccinated group that resulted in hyperactivation of dendritic cells. In addition, GIFT-7 vaccination resulted in increased T-cell trafficking to the brain and robust Th-17 long-term effector memory T-cell formation. TCR-seq analysis showed increased productive frequency among detected rearrangements within the vaccinated group. Overall, our data demonstrate that aging immune system can be therapeutically augmented to generate lasting antitumor immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jack M. Shireman
- Department of NeurosurgeryUniversity of Wisconsin School of Medicine & Public Health, UW Carbone Cancer Center,MadisonWisconsinUSA
| | - Nikita Gonugunta
- Department of NeurosurgeryUniversity of Wisconsin School of Medicine & Public Health, UW Carbone Cancer Center,MadisonWisconsinUSA
| | - Lei Zhao
- Department of NeurosurgeryUniversity of Wisconsin School of Medicine & Public Health, UW Carbone Cancer Center,MadisonWisconsinUSA
| | - Akshita Pattnaik
- Department of NeurosurgeryUniversity of Wisconsin School of Medicine & Public Health, UW Carbone Cancer Center,MadisonWisconsinUSA
| | - Emily Distler
- Department of NeurosurgeryUniversity of Wisconsin School of Medicine & Public Health, UW Carbone Cancer Center,MadisonWisconsinUSA
| | - Skyler Her
- Department of NeurosurgeryUniversity of Wisconsin School of Medicine & Public Health, UW Carbone Cancer Center,MadisonWisconsinUSA
| | - Xiaohu Wang
- Department of NeurosurgeryUniversity of Wisconsin School of Medicine & Public Health, UW Carbone Cancer Center,MadisonWisconsinUSA
| | - Rahul Das
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and OncologyUniversity of Wisconsin School of Medicine & Public Health, UW Carbone Cancer Center,MadisonWisconsinUSA
| | - Jaques Galipeau
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and OncologyUniversity of Wisconsin School of Medicine & Public Health, UW Carbone Cancer Center,MadisonWisconsinUSA
| | - Mahua Dey
- Department of NeurosurgeryUniversity of Wisconsin School of Medicine & Public Health, UW Carbone Cancer Center,MadisonWisconsinUSA
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42
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Quiros-Roldan E, Sottini A, Signorini SG, Serana F, Tiecco G, Imberti L. Autoantibodies to Interferons in Infectious Diseases. Viruses 2023; 15:v15051215. [PMID: 37243300 DOI: 10.3390/v15051215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2023] [Revised: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Anti-cytokine autoantibodies and, in particular, anti-type I interferons are increasingly described in association with immunodeficient, autoimmune, and immune-dysregulated conditions. Their presence in otherwise healthy individuals may result in a phenotype characterized by a predisposition to infections with several agents. For instance, anti-type I interferon autoantibodies are implicated in Coronavirus Disease 19 (COVID-19) pathogenesis and found preferentially in patients with critical disease. However, autoantibodies were also described in the serum of patients with viral, bacterial, and fungal infections not associated with COVID-19. In this review, we provide an overview of anti-cytokine autoantibodies identified to date and their clinical associations; we also discuss whether they can act as enemies or friends, i.e., are capable of acting in a beneficial or harmful way, and if they may be linked to gender or immunosenescence. Understanding the mechanisms underlying the production of autoantibodies could improve the approach to treating some infections, focusing not only on pathogens, but also on the possibility of a low degree of autoimmunity in patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eugenia Quiros-Roldan
- Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, ASST Spedali Civili, Brescia and University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - Alessandra Sottini
- Clinical Chemistry Laboratory, ASST Spedali Civili of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | | | - Federico Serana
- Clinical Chemistry Laboratory, ASST Spedali Civili of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - Giorgio Tiecco
- Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, ASST Spedali Civili, Brescia and University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - Luisa Imberti
- Section of Microbiology, University of Brescia, P. le Spedali Civili, 1, 25123 Brescia, Italy
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Oh S, Seo H. Dietary intervention with functional foods modulating gut microbiota for improving the efficacy of COVID-19 vaccines. Heliyon 2023; 9:e15668. [PMID: 37124341 PMCID: PMC10121067 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e15668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Dysbiosis of the gut microbiota with aging contributes to a reduction in important cross-feeding bacterial reactions in the gut and immunosenescence, which could contribute to a decrease in vaccine efficacy. Fever, cough, and fatigue are the main signs of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19); however, some patients with COVID-19 present with gastrointestinal symptoms. COVID-19 vaccination against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is one of the best measures to reduce SARS-CoV-2 infection rates and the severity of COVID-19. The immunogenicity of COVID-19 vaccines is influenced by the composition of the gut microbiota, and the immune response to COVID-19 vaccines decreases with age. In this review, we discuss gut microbiota dysbiosis and immunosenescence in the older adults, the role of gut microbiota in improving the efficacy of COVID-19 vaccines, and dietary interventions to improve the efficacy of COVID-19 vaccines in the older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soyoung Oh
- Infectious Disease Research Center, Citizen's Health Bureau, Seoul Metropolitan Government, 110, Sejong-daero, Jung-gu, Seoul, 04524, Republic of Korea
| | - Haesook Seo
- Infectious Disease Research Center, Citizen's Health Bureau, Seoul Metropolitan Government, 110, Sejong-daero, Jung-gu, Seoul, 04524, Republic of Korea
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44
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Murray SM, Ansari AM, Frater J, Klenerman P, Dunachie S, Barnes E, Ogbe A. The impact of pre-existing cross-reactive immunity on SARS-CoV-2 infection and vaccine responses. Nat Rev Immunol 2023; 23:304-316. [PMID: 36539527 PMCID: PMC9765363 DOI: 10.1038/s41577-022-00809-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 55.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Pre-existing cross-reactive immune responses to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) proteins in infection-naive subjects have been described by several studies. In particular, regions of high homology between SARS-CoV-2 and common cold coronaviruses have been highlighted as a likely source of this cross-reactivity. However, the role of such cross-reactive responses in the outcome of SARS-CoV-2 infection and vaccination is currently unclear. Here, we review evidence regarding the impact of pre-existing humoral and T cell immune responses to outcomes of SARS-CoV-2 infection and vaccination. Furthermore, we discuss the importance of conserved coronavirus epitopes for the rational design of pan-coronavirus vaccines and consider cross-reactivity of immune responses to ancestral SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV-2 variants, as well as their impact on COVID-19 vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sam M Murray
- Peter Medawar Building for Pathogen Research, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Azim M Ansari
- Peter Medawar Building for Pathogen Research, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - John Frater
- Peter Medawar Building for Pathogen Research, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK
- NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Paul Klenerman
- Peter Medawar Building for Pathogen Research, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK
- NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Susanna Dunachie
- Peter Medawar Building for Pathogen Research, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK
- NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Mahidol-Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Unit, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Eleanor Barnes
- Peter Medawar Building for Pathogen Research, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
- Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK.
- NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
| | - Ane Ogbe
- Peter Medawar Building for Pathogen Research, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
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45
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Ciacchi L, van de Garde MDB, Ladell K, Farenc C, Poelen MCM, Miners KL, Llerena C, Reid HH, Petersen J, Price DA, Rossjohn J, van Els CACM. CD4 + T cell-mediated recognition of a conserved cholesterol-dependent cytolysin epitope generates broad antibacterial immunity. Immunity 2023; 56:1082-1097.e6. [PMID: 37100059 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2023.03.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Revised: 12/31/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023]
Abstract
CD4+ T cell-mediated immunity against Streptococcus pneumoniae (pneumococcus) can protect against recurrent bacterial colonization and invasive pneumococcal diseases (IPDs). Although such immune responses are common, the pertinent antigens have remained elusive. We identified an immunodominant CD4+ T cell epitope derived from pneumolysin (Ply), a member of the bacterial cholesterol-dependent cytolysins (CDCs). This epitope was broadly immunogenic as a consequence of presentation by the pervasive human leukocyte antigen (HLA) allotypes DPB1∗02 and DPB1∗04 and recognition via architecturally diverse T cell receptors (TCRs). Moreover, the immunogenicity of Ply427-444 was underpinned by core residues in the conserved undecapeptide region (ECTGLAWEWWR), enabling cross-recognition of heterologous bacterial pathogens expressing CDCs. Molecular studies further showed that HLA-DP4-Ply427-441 was engaged similarly by private and public TCRs. Collectively, these findings reveal the mechanistic determinants of near-global immune focusing on a trans-phyla bacterial epitope, which could inform ancillary strategies to combat various life-threatening infectious diseases, including IPDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Ciacchi
- Infection and Immunity Program, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Martijn D B van de Garde
- Centre for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, Utrecht 3721MA, the Netherlands
| | - Kristin Ladell
- Division of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University School of Medicine, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff CF14 4XN, UK
| | - Carine Farenc
- Infection and Immunity Program, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Martien C M Poelen
- Centre for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, Utrecht 3721MA, the Netherlands
| | - Kelly L Miners
- Division of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University School of Medicine, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff CF14 4XN, UK
| | - Carmen Llerena
- Infection and Immunity Program, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Hugh H Reid
- Infection and Immunity Program, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Jan Petersen
- Infection and Immunity Program, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - David A Price
- Division of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University School of Medicine, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff CF14 4XN, UK; Systems Immunity Research Institute, Cardiff University School of Medicine, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff CF14 4XN, UK.
| | - Jamie Rossjohn
- Infection and Immunity Program, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia; Division of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University School of Medicine, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff CF14 4XN, UK; Systems Immunity Research Institute, Cardiff University School of Medicine, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff CF14 4XN, UK.
| | - Cécile A C M van Els
- Centre for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, Utrecht 3721MA, the Netherlands; Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht 3584CL, the Netherlands.
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46
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Al Hajj GS, Pensar J, Sandve GK. DagSim: Combining DAG-based model structure with unconstrained data types and relations for flexible, transparent, and modularized data simulation. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0284443. [PMID: 37058511 PMCID: PMC10104342 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0284443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Data simulation is fundamental for machine learning and causal inference, as it allows exploration of scenarios and assessment of methods in settings with full control of ground truth. Directed acyclic graphs (DAGs) are well established for encoding the dependence structure over a collection of variables in both inference and simulation settings. However, while modern machine learning is applied to data of an increasingly complex nature, DAG-based simulation frameworks are still confined to settings with relatively simple variable types and functional forms. We here present DagSim, a Python-based framework for DAG-based data simulation without any constraints on variable types or functional relations. A succinct YAML format for defining the simulation model structure promotes transparency, while separate user-provided functions for generating each variable based on its parents ensure simulation code modularization. We illustrate the capabilities of DagSim through use cases where metadata variables control shapes in an image and patterns in bio-sequences. DagSim is available as a Python package at PyPI. Source code and documentation are available at: https://github.com/uio-bmi/dagsim.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Johan Pensar
- Department of Mathematics, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Geir K. Sandve
- Department of Informatics, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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47
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Kalinina AA, Ziganshin RK, Silaeva YY, Sharova NI, Nikonova MF, Persiyantseva NA, Gorkova TG, Antoshina EE, Trukhanova LS, Donetskova AD, Komogorova VV, Litvina MM, Mitin AN, Zamkova MA, Bruter AV, Khromykh LM, Kazansky DB. Physiological and Functional Effects of Dominant Active TCRα Expression in Transgenic Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24076527. [PMID: 37047500 PMCID: PMC10094918 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
A T cell receptor (TCR) consists of α- and β-chains. Accumulating evidence suggests that some TCRs possess chain centricity, i.e., either of the hemi-chains can dominate in antigen recognition and dictate the TCR’s specificity. The introduction of TCRα/β into naive lymphocytes generates antigen-specific T cells that are ready to perform their functions. Transgenesis of the dominant active TCRα creates transgenic animals with improved anti-tumor immune control, and adoptive immunotherapy with TCRα-transduced T cells provides resistance to infections. However, the potential detrimental effects of the dominant hemi-chain TCR’s expression in transgenic animals have not been well investigated. Here, we analyzed, in detail, the functional status of the immune system of recently generated 1D1a transgenic mice expressing the dominant active TCRα specific to the H2-Kb molecule. In their age dynamics, neither autoimmunity due to the random pairing of transgenic TCRα with endogenous TCRβ variants nor significant disturbances in systemic homeostasis were detected in these mice. Although the specific immune response was considerably enhanced in 1D1a mice, responses to third-party alloantigens were not compromised, indicating that the expression of dominant active TCRα did not limit immune reactivity in transgenic mice. Our data suggest that TCRα transgene expression could delay thymic involution and maintain TCRβ repertoire diversity in old transgenic mice. The detected changes in the systemic homeostasis in 1D1a transgenic mice, which are minor and primarily transient, may indicate variations in the ontogeny of wild-type and transgenic mouse lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasiia A. Kalinina
- N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Kashirskoe sh., 24, 115478 Moscow, Russia
| | - Rustam Kh. Ziganshin
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Miklukho-Maklaya st. 16/10, 117997 Moscow, Russia
| | - Yulia Yu. Silaeva
- Institute of Gene Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilova st. 34/5, 119334 Moscow, Russia
| | - Nina I. Sharova
- National Research Center, Institute of Immunology Federal Medical-Biological Agency of Russia, Kashirskoe sh., 24, 115522 Moscow, Russia
| | - Margarita F. Nikonova
- National Research Center, Institute of Immunology Federal Medical-Biological Agency of Russia, Kashirskoe sh., 24, 115522 Moscow, Russia
| | - Nadezda A. Persiyantseva
- N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Kashirskoe sh., 24, 115478 Moscow, Russia
| | - Tatiana G. Gorkova
- N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Kashirskoe sh., 24, 115478 Moscow, Russia
| | - Elena E. Antoshina
- N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Kashirskoe sh., 24, 115478 Moscow, Russia
| | - Lubov S. Trukhanova
- N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Kashirskoe sh., 24, 115478 Moscow, Russia
| | - Almira D. Donetskova
- National Research Center, Institute of Immunology Federal Medical-Biological Agency of Russia, Kashirskoe sh., 24, 115522 Moscow, Russia
| | - Victoria V. Komogorova
- National Research Center, Institute of Immunology Federal Medical-Biological Agency of Russia, Kashirskoe sh., 24, 115522 Moscow, Russia
| | - Marina M. Litvina
- National Research Center, Institute of Immunology Federal Medical-Biological Agency of Russia, Kashirskoe sh., 24, 115522 Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexander N. Mitin
- National Research Center, Institute of Immunology Federal Medical-Biological Agency of Russia, Kashirskoe sh., 24, 115522 Moscow, Russia
| | - Maria A. Zamkova
- N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Kashirskoe sh., 24, 115478 Moscow, Russia
- Institute of Gene Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilova st. 34/5, 119334 Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexandra V. Bruter
- N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Kashirskoe sh., 24, 115478 Moscow, Russia
- Center for Precision Genome Editing and Genetic Technologies for Biomedicine, Institute of Gene Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 34/5 Vavilov St., 119334 Moscow, Russia
| | - Ludmila M. Khromykh
- N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Kashirskoe sh., 24, 115478 Moscow, Russia
| | - Dmitry B. Kazansky
- N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Kashirskoe sh., 24, 115478 Moscow, Russia
- Correspondence:
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48
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Shevyrev D, Tereshchenko V, Berezina TN, Rybtsov S. Hematopoietic Stem Cells and the Immune System in Development and Aging. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24065862. [PMID: 36982935 PMCID: PMC10056303 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) support haematopoiesis throughout life and give rise to the whole variety of cells of the immune system. Developing in the early embryo, passing through the precursor stage, and maturing into the first HSCs, they undergo a fairly large number of divisions while maintaining a high regenerative potential due to high repair activity. This potential is greatly reduced in adult HSCs. They go into a state of dormancy and anaerobic metabolism to maintain their stemness throughout life. However, with age, changes occur in the pool of HSCs that negatively affect haematopoiesis and the effectiveness of immunity. Niche aging and accumulation of mutations with age reduces the ability of HSCs to self-renew and changes their differentiation potential. This is accompanied by a decrease in clonal diversity and a disturbance of lymphopoiesis (decrease in the formation of naive T- and B-cells) and the predominance of myeloid haematopoiesis. Aging also affects mature cells, regardless of HSC, therefore, phagocytic activity and the intensity of the oxidative burst decrease, and the efficiency of processing and presentation of antigens by myeloid cells is impaired. Aging cells of innate and adaptive immunity produce factors that form a chronic inflammatory background. All these processes have a serious negative impact on the protective properties of the immune system, increasing inflammation, the risk of developing autoimmune, oncological, and cardiovascular diseases with age. Understanding the mechanisms of reducing the regenerative potential in a comparative analysis of embryonic and aging HSCs, the features of inflammatory aging will allow us to get closer to deciphering the programs for the development, aging, regeneration and rejuvenation of HSCs and the immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniil Shevyrev
- Centre for Cell Technology and Immunology, Sirius University of Science and Technology, Sirius, 354340 Sochi, Russia
| | - Valeriy Tereshchenko
- Centre for Cell Technology and Immunology, Sirius University of Science and Technology, Sirius, 354340 Sochi, Russia
| | - Tatiana N Berezina
- Department of Scientific Basis of Extreme Psychology, Moscow State University of Psychology and Education, 127051 Moscow, Russia
| | - Stanislav Rybtsov
- Centre for Cell Technology and Immunology, Sirius University of Science and Technology, Sirius, 354340 Sochi, Russia
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9YL, UK
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49
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Molecular Markers of Blood Cell Populations Can Help Estimate Aging of the Immune System. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24065708. [PMID: 36982782 PMCID: PMC10055688 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Aging of the immune system involves functional changes in individual cell populations, in hematopoietic tissues and at the systemic level. They are mediated by factors produced by circulating cells, niche cells, and at the systemic level. Age-related alterations in the microenvironment of the bone marrow and thymus cause a decrease in the production of naive immune cells and functional immunodeficiencies. Another result of aging and reduced tissue immune surveillance is the accumulation of senescent cells. Some viral infections deplete adaptive immune cells, increasing the risk of autoimmune and immunodeficiency conditions, leading to a general degradation in the specificity and effectiveness of the immune system in old age. During the COVID-19 pandemic, the state-of-the-art application of mass spectrometry, multichannel flow cytometry, and single-cell genetic analysis have provided vast data on the mechanisms of aging of the immune system. These data require systematic analysis and functional verification. In addition, the prediction of age-related complications is a priority task of modern medicine in the context of the increase in the aged population and the risk of premature death during epidemics. In this review, based on the latest data, we discuss the mechanisms of immune aging and highlight some cellular markers as indicators of age-related immune disbalance that increase the risk of senile diseases and infectious complications.
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50
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Long-Term Immunological Consequences of Radiation Exposure in a Diverse Cohort of Rhesus Macaques. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2023; 115:945-956. [PMID: 36288757 PMCID: PMC9974872 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2022.10.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this study was to develop an improved understanding of the delayed immunologic effects of acute total body irradiation (TBI) using a diverse cohort of nonhuman primates as a model for an irradiated human population. METHODS AND MATERIALS Immune recovery was evaluated in 221 rhesus macaques either left unirradiated (n = 36) or previously irradiated (n = 185) at 1.1 to 8.5 Gy TBI (median, 6.5 Gy) when aged 2.1 to 15.5 years (median, 4.2 years). Blood was drawn annually for up to 5 years total between 0.5 and 14.3 years after exposure. Blood was analyzed by complete blood count, immunophenotyping of monocytes, dendritic cells (DC) and lymphocytes by flow cytometry, and signal joint T-cell receptor exclusion circle quantification in isolated peripheral blood CD4 and CD8 T cells. Animals were categorized by age, irradiation status, and time since irradiation. Sex-adjusted means of immune metrics were evaluated by generalized estimating equation models to identify cell populations altered by TBI. RESULTS Overall, the differences between irradiated and nonirradiated animals were subtle and largely restricted to younger animals and select cell populations. Subsets of monocytes, DC, T cells, and B cells showed significant interaction effects between radiation dose and age after adjustment for sex. Irradiation at a young age caused transient increases in the percentage of peripheral blood myeloid DC and dose-dependent changes in monocyte balance for at least 5 years after TBI. TBI also led to a sustained decrease in the percentage of circulating memory B cells. Young irradiated animals exhibited statistically significant and prolonged disruption of the naïve/effector memory/central memory CD4 and CD8 T-cell equilibrium and exhibited a dose-dependent increase in thymopoiesis for 2 to 3 years after exposure. CONCLUSIONS This study indicates TBI subtly but significantly alters the circulating proportions of cellular mediators of adaptive immune memory for several years after irradiation, especially in macaques under 5 years of age and those receiving a high dose of radiation.
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