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Chasse AY, Bandyadka S, Wertheimer MC, Serizier SB, McCall K. Professional phagocytes are recruited for the clearance of obsolete nonprofessional phagocytes in the Drosophila ovary. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1389674. [PMID: 38994369 PMCID: PMC11236694 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1389674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Cell death is an important process in the body, as it occurs throughout every tissue during development, disease, and tissue regeneration. Phagocytes are responsible for clearing away dying cells and are typically characterized as either professional or nonprofessional phagocytes. Professional phagocytes, such as macrophages, are found in nearly every part of the body while nonprofessional phagocytes, such as epithelial cells, are found in every tissue type. However, there are organs that are considered "immune-privileged" as they have little to no immune surveillance and rely on nonprofessional phagocytes to engulf dying cells. These organs are surrounded by barriers to protect the tissue from viruses, bacteria, and perhaps even immune cells. The Drosophila ovary is considered immune-privileged, however the presence of hemocytes, the macrophages of Drosophila, around the ovary suggests they may have a potential function. Here we analyze hemocyte localization and potential functions in response to starvation-induced cell death in the ovary. Hemocytes were found to accumulate in the oviduct in the vicinity of mature eggs and follicle cell debris. Genetic ablation of hemocytes revealed that the presence of hemocytes affects oogenesis and that they phagocytose ovarian cell debris and in their absence fecundity decreases. Unpaired3, an IL-6 like cytokine, was found to be required for the recruitment of hemocytes to the oviduct to clear away obsolete follicle cells. These findings demonstrate a role for hemocytes in the ovary, providing a more thorough understanding of phagocyte communication and cell clearance in a previously thought immune-privileged organ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Y. Chasse
- Program in Molecular Biology, Cell Biology & Biochemistry, Boston University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Shruthi Bandyadka
- Program in Bioinformatics, Boston University, Boston, MA, United States
| | | | - Sandy B. Serizier
- Program in Molecular Biology, Cell Biology & Biochemistry, Boston University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Kimberly McCall
- Department of Biology, Boston University, Boston, MA, United States
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2
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Jiang D, An X, Xu Q, Mo G, Ling W, Ji C, Wang Z, Wang X, Sun Q, Kang B. Effects of ferritin heavy chain on oxidative stress, cell proliferation and apoptosis in geese follicular granulosa cells. Br Poult Sci 2024; 65:297-306. [PMID: 38456722 DOI: 10.1080/00071668.2024.2315086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
1. The ferritin heavy chain (FHC) has a vital impact on follicular development in geese, due to its ability to regulate apoptosis of granulosa cells (GCs) and follicular atresia. However, its specific regulatory mechanisms remain unclear. The present study characterised how FHC regulates oxidative stress, cell proliferation and apoptosis in goose GCs by interfering with and overexpressing the FHC gene.2. After 72 h of interference with FHC expression, the activity of GCs decreased remarkably (p < 0.05), reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and the expression levels of antioxidant enzyme genes catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) increased significantly (p < 0.05). The overexpression of FHC for 72 h was found to significantly reduce the expression of CAT and SOD genes (p < 0.05).3. Interfering with FHC expression revealed that the expression levels of the cell proliferation gene Aurora kinase A (AURORA-A) were significantly decreased (p < 0.05), while the expression levels of the apoptosis genes B-cell lymphoma-2 (BCL-2) and cysteine aspartate-specific protease 8 (CASPASE 8) increased (p < 0.05). Further research has shown that, when interfering with FHC expression for 72 h, apoptosis rate increased by 1.19-fold (p < 0.05), but the current data showed a lower apoptosis rate after FHC overexpression by 59.41%, 63.39%, and 52.31% at three different treatment times (p < 0.05).4. In conclusion, FHC improved the antioxidant capacity of GCs, promotes GCs proliferation, and inhibits GCs apoptosis of ovarian follicles in Sichuan white geese.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry,College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - X An
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry,College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Q Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry,College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - G Mo
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry,College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - W Ling
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry,College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - C Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry,College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Z Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry,College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - X Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry,College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Q Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry,College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - B Kang
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry,College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, P. R. China
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3
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Wu J, Carlock C, Tatum K, Shim J, Zhou C, Lou Y. Activation of interleukin 33-NFκB axis in granulosa cells during atresia and its role in disposal of atretic follicles†. Biol Reprod 2024; 110:924-935. [PMID: 38271626 PMCID: PMC11094390 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioae015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
It has been previously shown that the cytokine interleukin 33 is required for two processes, i.e., autophagic digestion of granulosa cells and recruitment of macrophages into atretic follicles, for full disposal of atretic follicles. Now, this study shows that activation of interleukin 33-suppression of tumorigenicity 2-Nuclear Factor ĸB (NFκB) axis in granulosa in early atretic follicles may regulate those two events. Injection of human chorionic gonadotropin has been shown to induce a transient peak of interleukin 33 expression with synchronized atresia. In this model, interleukin 33-independent expression of suppression of tumorigenicity 2 in granulosa cells was detected in early atretic follicles before macrophage invasion. The activation of NFκB pathway in ovaries was further demonstrated in vivo in Tg mice with luciferase-reporter for NFκB activation; the activation was microscopically localized to granulosa cells in early atretic follicles. Importantly, antibody blockage of interleukin 33 or interleukin 33 Knock-out (KO) (Il33-/-) not only inhibited NFκB activity in ovaries, but it also altered expression of two key genes, i.e., reduction in proinflammatory interleukin6 (IL6) expression, and a surge of potential autophagy-inhibitory mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) expression in atretic follicles. By contrast, apoptosis and other genes, such as interleukin1β (IL1β) were not affected. In conclusion, in parallel to apoptosis, atresia signals also trigger activation of the interleukin 33-suppression of tumorigenicity 2-NFκB pathway in granulosa, which leads to (1) down-regulated expression of mTOR that is a negative regulator of autophagy and (2) up-regulated expression of proinflammatory IL6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean Wu
- Department of Diagnostic Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Colin Carlock
- Department of Diagnostic Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Kiana Tatum
- Department of Diagnostic Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Junbo Shim
- Department of Diagnostic Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Cindy Zhou
- Department of Diagnostic Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Yahuan Lou
- Department of Diagnostic Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
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Shen L, Liu J, Luo A, Wang S. The stromal microenvironment and ovarian aging: mechanisms and therapeutic opportunities. J Ovarian Res 2023; 16:237. [PMID: 38093329 PMCID: PMC10717903 DOI: 10.1186/s13048-023-01300-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
For decades, most studies of ovarian aging have focused on its functional units, known as follicles, which include oocytes and granulosa cells. However, in the ovarian stroma, there are a variety of somatic components that bridge the gap between general aging and ovarian senescence. Physiologically, general cell types, microvascular structures, extracellular matrix, and intercellular molecules affect folliculogenesis and corpus luteum physiology alongside the ovarian cycle. As a result of damage caused by age-related metabolite accumulation and external insults, the microenvironment of stromal cells is progressively remodeled, thus inevitably perturbing ovarian physiology. With the established platforms for follicle cryopreservation and in vitro maturation and the development of organoid research, it is desirable to develop strategies to improve the microenvironment of the follicle by targeting the perifollicular environment. In this review, we summarize the role of stromal components in ovarian aging, describing their age-related alterations and associated effects. Moreover, we list some potential techniques that may mitigate ovarian aging based on their effect on the stromal microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Shen
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrical and Gynecological Diseases, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Junfeng Liu
- Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Aiyue Luo
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrical and Gynecological Diseases, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.
| | - Shixuan Wang
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrical and Gynecological Diseases, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.
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5
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Tang M, Zhao M, Shi Y. New insight into the role of macrophages in ovarian function and ovarian aging. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1282658. [PMID: 38027176 PMCID: PMC10662485 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1282658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Macrophages (MΦs) are the most abundant leukocytes in mammalian ovaries that have heterogeneity and plasticity. A body of evidence has indicated that these cells are important in maintaining ovarian homeostasis and they play critical roles in ovarian physiological events, such as folliculogenesis, ovulation, corpus luteum formation and regression. As females age, ovarian tissue microenvironment is typified by chronic inflammation with exacerbated ovarian fibrosis. In response to specific danger signals within aged ovaries, macrophages polarize into different M1 or M2 phenotypes, and specialize in unique functions to participate in the ovarian aging process. In this review, we will focus on the physiologic roles of MΦs in normal ovarian functions. Furthermore, we will discuss the roles of MΦs in the process of ovarian senescence, as well as the novel techniques applied in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maoxing Tang
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Manzhi Zhao
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuhua Shi
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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Liu L, Hao M, Zhang J, Chen Z, Zhou J, Wang C, Zhang H, Wang J. FSHR-mTOR-HIF1 signaling alleviates mouse follicles from AMPK-induced atresia. Cell Rep 2023; 42:113158. [PMID: 37733588 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.113158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The majority of activated ovarian follicles undergo atresia during reproductive life in mammals, and only a small number of follicles are ovulated. Though hormone treatment has been widely used to promote folliculogenesis, the molecular mechanism behind follicle selection and atresia remains under debate due to inconsistency among investigation models. Using a high-throughput molecular pathology strategy, we depicted a transcriptional atlas of mouse follicular granulosa cells (GCs) under physiological condition and obtained molecular signatures in healthy and atresia GCs during development. Functional results revealed hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF1) as a major effector downstream of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), and HIF1 activation is essential for follicle growth. Energy shortage leads to prevalent AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activation and drives follicular atresia. FSHR-mTOR-HIF1 signaling helps follicles escape from the atresia fate, while energy stress persists. Our work provides a comprehensive understanding of the molecular network behind follicle selection and atresia under physiological condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Longping Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Ming Hao
- School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Jianyun Zhang
- Department of Oral Pathology, Peking University School, Hospital of Stomatology, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials, Digital Medical Devices, Beijing 100081, P.R. China
| | - Ziqi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Farm Animal Biotech Breeding, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Jiaqi Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Farm Animal Biotech Breeding, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Chao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Farm Animal Biotech Breeding, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Hua Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Farm Animal Biotech Breeding, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Jianbin Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
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Augustine J, Pavlou S, Harkin K, Stitt AW, Xu H, Chen M. IL-33 regulates Müller cell-mediated retinal inflammation and neurodegeneration in diabetic retinopathy. Dis Model Mech 2023; 16:dmm050174. [PMID: 37671525 PMCID: PMC10499035 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.050174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is characterised by dysfunction of the retinal neurovascular unit, leading to visual impairment and blindness. Müller cells are key components of the retinal neurovascular unit and diabetes has a detrimental impact on these glial cells, triggering progressive neurovascular pathology of DR. Amongst many factors expressed by Müller cells, interleukin-33 (IL-33) has an established immunomodulatory role, and we investigated the role of endogenous IL-33 in DR. The expression of IL-33 in Müller cells increased during diabetes. Wild-type and Il33-/- mice developed equivalent levels of hyperglycaemia and weight loss following streptozotocin-induced diabetes. Electroretinogram a- and b-wave amplitudes, neuroretina thickness, and the numbers of cone photoreceptors and ganglion cells were significantly reduced in Il33-/- diabetic mice compared with those in wild-type counterparts. The Il33-/- diabetic retina also exhibited microglial activation, sustained gliosis, and upregulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines and neurotrophins. Primary Müller cells from Il33-/- mice expressed significantly lower levels of neurotransmitter-related genes (Glul and Slc1a3) and neurotrophin genes (Cntf, Lif, Igf1 and Ngf) under high-glucose conditions. Our results suggest that deletion of IL-33 promotes inflammation and neurodegeneration in DR, and that this cytokine is critical for regulation of glutamate metabolism, neurotransmitter recycling and neurotrophin secretion by Müller cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josy Augustine
- Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast BT9 7BL, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Sofia Pavlou
- Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast BT9 7BL, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Kevin Harkin
- Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast BT9 7BL, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Alan W. Stitt
- Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast BT9 7BL, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Heping Xu
- Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast BT9 7BL, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Mei Chen
- Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast BT9 7BL, Northern Ireland, UK
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Reivan Ortiz GG, Ciongradi CI, Chaitanya MVNL, Narayanan J, Mohany M, Al-Rejaie SS, Arias-Gonzáles JL, Sârbu I, Assefi M, Akram SV, Döğüş Y, Bahrami A, Akhavan-Sigari R. Identification of novel candidate targets for suppressing ovarian cancer progression through IL-33/ST2 axis components using the system biology approach. Front Mol Biosci 2023; 10:1189527. [PMID: 37333018 PMCID: PMC10272621 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2023.1189527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) of ovarian cancer (OvC) are the most prevalent element of the tumor microenvironment (TM). By promoting angiogenesis, immunological suppression, and invasion, CAFs speed up the growth of tumors by changing the extracellular matrix's structure and composition and/or initiating the epithelial cells (EPT). IL-33/ST2 signaling has drawn a lot of attention since it acts as a pro-tumor alarmin and encourages spread by altering TM. Methods: Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) of the OvC tumor microenvironment were found in the GEO database, qRT-PCR, western blotting, and immunohistochemistry, and their presence and changes in healthy and tumor tissue content were examined. Primary cultures of healthy fibroblasts and CAFs obtained from healthy and tumor tissues retrieved from OvC samples were used for in vitro and in vivo investigations. Cultured primary human CAFs were utilized to investigate the regulation and the IL-33/ST2 axis role in the inflammation reactions. Results: Although ST2 and IL-33 expression was detected in both epithelial (EPT) and fibroblast cells of ovarian cancer, they are more abundant in CAFs. Lipopolysaccharides, serum amyloid A1, and IL-1β, the inflammatory mediators, could all induce IL-33 expression through NF-κB activation in human CAFs. In turn, via the ST2 receptor, IL-33 affected the production of IL-6, IL-1β, and PTGS2 in human CAFs via the MAPKs-NF-κB pathway. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that IL-33/ST2 is affected by the interaction of CAFs and epithelial cells inside the tumor microenvironment. Activation of this axis leads to increased expression of inflammatory factors in tumor CAFs and EPT cells. Therefore, targeting the IL-33/ST2 axis could have potential value in the prevention of OvC progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geovanny Genaro Reivan Ortiz
- Laboratory of Basic Psychology, Behavioral Analysis and Programmatic Development (PAD-LAB), Catholic University of Cuenca, Cuenca, Ecuador
| | - Carmen Iulia Ciongradi
- Department of Surgery-Pediatric Surgery and Orthopedics, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iași, Romania
| | - M. V. N. L. Chaitanya
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India
| | - Jayasankar Narayanan
- Department of Pharmacology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, SRM College of Pharmacy, Kattankulathu, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Mohamed Mohany
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Salim S. Al-Rejaie
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - José Luis Arias-Gonzáles
- Department of Social Sciences, Faculty of Social Studies, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Ioan Sârbu
- Department of Surgery-Pediatric Surgery and Orthopedics, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iași, Romania
| | - Marjan Assefi
- University of North Carolina, Greensboro, NC, United States
| | | | - Yusuf Döğüş
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Cukurova University, Adana, Türkiye
| | - Abolfazl Bahrami
- Biomedical Center for Systems Biology Science Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Reza Akhavan-Sigari
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Medical Center Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
- Department of Healthcare Management and Clinical Research, Collegium Humanum Warsaw Management University, Warsaw, Poland
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Wang X, Wang L, Xiang W. Mechanisms of ovarian aging in women: a review. J Ovarian Res 2023; 16:67. [PMID: 37024976 PMCID: PMC10080932 DOI: 10.1186/s13048-023-01151-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Ovarian aging is a natural and physiological aging process characterized by loss of quantity and quality of oocyte or follicular pool. As it is generally accepted that women are born with a finite follicle pool that will go through constant decline without renewing, which, together with decreased oocyte quality, makes a severe situation for women who is of advanced age but desperate for a healthy baby. The aim of our review was to investigate mechanisms leading to ovarian aging by discussing both extra- and intra- ovarian factors and to identify genetic characteristics of ovarian aging. The mechanisms were identified as both extra-ovarian alternation of hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis and intra-ovarian alternation of ovary itself, including telomere, mitochondria, oxidative stress, DNA damage, protein homeostasis, aneuploidy, apoptosis and autophagy. Moreover, here we reviewed related Genome-wide association studies (GWAS studies) from 2009 to 2021 and next generation sequencing (NGS) studies of primary ovarian insufficiency (POI) in order to describe genetic characteristics of ovarian aging. It is reasonable to wish more reliable anti-aging interventions for ovarian aging as the exploration of mechanisms and genetics being progressing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangfei Wang
- Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Lingjuan Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Wenpei Xiang
- Institute of Reproductive Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.
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10
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Guo H, Bossila EA, Ma X, Zhao C, Zhao Y. Dual Immune Regulatory Roles of Interleukin-33 in Pathological Conditions. Cells 2022; 11:cells11203237. [PMID: 36291105 PMCID: PMC9600220 DOI: 10.3390/cells11203237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Revised: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Interleukin-33 (IL-33), a member of the IL-1 cytokine family and a multifunctional cytokine, plays critical roles in maintaining host homeostasis and in pathological conditions, such as allergy, infectious diseases, and cancer, by acting on multiple types of immune cells and promoting type 1 and 2 immune responses. IL-33 is rapidly released by immune and non-immune cells upon stimulation by stress, acting as an “alarmin” by binding to its receptor, suppression of tumorigenicity 2 (ST2), to trigger downstream signaling pathways and activate inflammatory and immune responses. It has been recognized that IL-33 displays dual-functioning immune regulatory effects in many diseases and has both pro- and anti-tumorigenic effects, likely depending on its primary target cells, IL-33/sST2 expression levels, cellular context, and the cytokine microenvironment. Herein, we summarize our current understanding of the biological functions of IL-33 and its roles in the pathogenesis of various conditions, including inflammatory and autoimmune diseases, infections, cancers, and cases of organ transplantation. We emphasize the nature of context-dependent dual immune regulatory functions of IL-33 in many cells and diseases and review systemic studies to understand the distinct roles of IL-33 in different cells, which is essential to the development of more effective diagnoses and therapeutic approaches for IL-33-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101499, China
| | - Elhusseny A. Bossila
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101499, China
- Biotechnology Department, Faculty of Agriculture Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11311, Egypt
| | - Xinran Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101499, China
| | - Chenxu Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101499, China
| | - Yong Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101499, China
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Beijing 100101, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-10-64807302; Fax: +86-10-64807313
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IL-33–ILC2 axis in the female reproductive tract. Trends Mol Med 2022; 28:569-582. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2022.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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12
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Clare AJ, Liu J, Copland DA, Theodoropoulou S, Dick AD. Unravelling the therapeutic potential of IL-33 for atrophic AMD. Eye (Lond) 2022; 36:266-272. [PMID: 34531552 PMCID: PMC8807696 DOI: 10.1038/s41433-021-01725-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Revised: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD), a degenerative disease affecting the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) and photoreceptors in the macula, is the leading cause of central blindness in the elderly. AMD progresses to advanced stages of the disease, atrophic AMD (aAMD), or in 15% of cases "wet" or neovascular AMD (nAMD), associated with substantial vision loss. Whilst there has been advancement in therapies treating nAMD, to date, there are no licenced effective treatments for the 85% affected by aAMD, with disease managed by changes to diet, vitamin supplements, and regular monitoring. AMD has a complex pathogenesis, involving highly integrated and common age-related disease pathways, including dysregulated complement/inflammation, impaired autophagy, and oxidative stress. The intricacy of AMD pathogenesis makes therapeutic development challenging and identifying a target that combats the converging disease pathways is essential to provide a globally effective treatment. Interleukin-33 is a cytokine, classically known for the proinflammatory role it plays in allergic disease. Recent evidence across degenerative and inflammatory disease conditions reveals a diverse immune-modulatory role for IL-33, with promising therapeutic potential. Here, we will review IL-33 function in disease and discuss the future potential for this homeostatic cytokine in treating AMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alison J. Clare
- grid.5337.20000 0004 1936 7603Academic Unit of Ophthalmology, Translational Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Jian Liu
- grid.5337.20000 0004 1936 7603Academic Unit of Ophthalmology, Translational Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - David A. Copland
- grid.5337.20000 0004 1936 7603Academic Unit of Ophthalmology, Translational Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Sofia Theodoropoulou
- grid.5337.20000 0004 1936 7603Academic Unit of Ophthalmology, Translational Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Andrew D. Dick
- grid.5337.20000 0004 1936 7603Academic Unit of Ophthalmology, Translational Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK ,grid.5337.20000 0004 1936 7603School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK ,grid.439257.e0000 0000 8726 5837NIHR Biomedical Research Centre of Ophthalmology, Moorfields Eye Hospital, London, UK ,grid.83440.3b0000000121901201UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, London, UK
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13
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Cayrol C. IL-33, an Alarmin of the IL-1 Family Involved in Allergic and Non Allergic Inflammation: Focus on the Mechanisms of Regulation of Its Activity. Cells 2021; 11:cells11010107. [PMID: 35011670 PMCID: PMC8750818 DOI: 10.3390/cells11010107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Revised: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Interleukin-33 (IL-33) is a member of the interleukin-1 (IL-1) family that is expressed in the nuclei of endothelial and epithelial cells of barrier tissues, among others. It functions as an alarm signal that is released upon tissue or cellular injury. IL-33 plays a central role in the initiation and amplification of type 2 innate immune responses and allergic inflammation by activating various target cells expressing its ST2 receptor, including mast cells and type 2 innate lymphoid cells. Depending on the tissue environment, IL-33 plays a wide variety of roles in parasitic and viral host defense, tissue repair and homeostasis. IL-33 has evolved a variety of sophisticated regulatory mechanisms to control its activity, including nuclear sequestration and proteolytic processing. It is involved in many diseases, including allergic, inflammatory and infectious diseases, and is a promising therapeutic target for the treatment of severe asthma. In this review, I will summarize the literature around this fascinating pleiotropic cytokine. In the first part, I will describe the basics of IL-33, from the discovery of interleukin-33 to its function, including its expression, release and signaling pathway. The second part will be devoted to the regulation of IL-33 protein leading to its activation or inactivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corinne Cayrol
- Institut de Pharmacologie et Biologie Structurale, IPBS, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, 31077 Toulouse, France
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14
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Extracellular IL-37 promotes osteogenic and odontogenic differentiation of human dental pulp stem cells via autophagy. Exp Cell Res 2021; 407:112780. [PMID: 34411610 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2021.112780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Revised: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The osteogenic and odontogenic differentiation of dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) contribute to restoration and regeneration of dental tissue. Previous study indicated that interleukin-37 (IL-37) was an anti-inflammatory factor that affected other pro-inflammatory signals. The aim of this study was to explore the effects of IL-37 on the differentiation of DPSCs. DPSCs were cultured in growth medium with different concentrations of IL-37. We selected the optimal concentration for the following experiments by alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity analysis, quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and Western blot. Cell counting kit assay (CCK-8) and 5-Ethynyl-2'-Deoxyuridine (EdU) assay were conducted to assess the effects of IL-37 on the proliferation of DPSCs. ALP activity assay and staining, alizarin red S (ARS) staining, qRT-PCR, Western blot as well as immunofluorescence staining were conducted to assess differentiation ability of DPSCs. Western blot, immunofluorescence staining and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were utilized to examine cell autophagy. Results showed that IL-37 enhanced the osteogenic and odontogenic differentiation ability of DPSCs with no significant influence on the proliferation of DPSCs. Autophagy in DPSCs was activated by IL-37. Activation of autophagy enhanced osteogenesis and odontogenesis of DPSCs, whereas inhibition of autophagy suppressed DPSCs osteogenic and odontogenic differentiation. In conclusion, IL-37 increased osteogenic and odontogenic differentiation via autophagy.
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15
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Lou Y. Role of Interleukin33 in Rejuvenation of Aged Neurons and Age-Related Dementias. Neurosci Insights 2021; 16:26331055211030251. [PMID: 34350399 PMCID: PMC8293850 DOI: 10.1177/26331055211030251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Late-onset Alzheimer's disease (LOAD) is the most common age-related dementia, and its etiology remains unclear. Recent studies have linked abnormal neuronal aging to LOAD. Neurons are non-proliferative, and thus, majority of aged neurons must be rejuvenated through repairing or eliminating damaged molecules to regain their healthy status and functionalities. We discovered a surge of oxidative stress in neurons at middle age in mice. A rapid upregulation of neuronal rejuvenation is vital, while astrocyte-expressed interleukin33 (IL33), an IL1-like cytokine, is critical for this process. Thus, IL33-deficiency cripples the neuronal rejuvenation mechanisms, such as repairing DNA double strand breaks, eliminating damaged molecules by autophagy or by glymphatic drainage. IL33-deficient mice develop tau deposition and age-related dementia following a path similar to LOAD. We hypothesize that any interferences on IL33-initiated rejuvenation process for aged neurons after middle life is a potential risk for LOAD development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yahuan Lou
- Department of Diagnostic Science, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
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16
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Wu MX, Wang SH, Xie Y, Chen ZT, Guo Q, Yuan WL, Guan C, Xu CZ, Huang YN, Wang JF, Zhang HF, Chen YX. Interleukin-33 alleviates diabetic cardiomyopathy through regulation of endoplasmic reticulum stress and autophagy via insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 3. J Cell Physiol 2021; 236:4403-4419. [PMID: 33184863 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Revised: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Prolonged endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is the key driving force behind diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM). Autophagy is extensively implicated in adaptive mechanisms for cell survival. Interleukin-33 (IL-33) is known to be a potent cardiac protector, but its roles in DCM, ER stress, and autophagy are currently unknown. We aimed to explore the effects of IL-33 on DCM and characterize the roles that ER stress and autophagy play in DCM. The effects of IL-33 on DCM, ER stress, and autophagy were characterized both in db/db mice and in palmitic acid (PA)-treated cardiomyocytes. The manipulators of ER stress and autophagy were used to clarify their roles in DCM remittance conferred by IL-33. Gene expression analysis was used to identify IL-33-dependent regulators of ER stress and autophagy. Both db/db mice and PA-treated cells presented with enhanced levels of ER stress, apoptosis, and lipid deposition, as well as impaired autophagy, all of which could be reversed by IL-33. Treatment with IL-33 improved the cardiac diastolic function of diabetic mice. Nonselective autophagy inhibitors, such as 3-methyladenine (3-MA) or wortmannin, abolished the protective effects of IL-33, resulting in an increase in both ER stress and apoptosis. Strikingly, insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 3 (IGFBP3) was identified as the gene most significantly differentially expressed between IL-33 and control groups. Knockdown of IGFBP3 expression, similar to the effect of nonselective autophagy inhibitors, resulted in high levels of ER stress, impaired autophagy, and apoptosis that were not rescued upon treatment with IL-33. IL-33 abates DCM by alleviating ER stress and promoting autophagy. IGFBP3 is essential for IL-33-induced ER stress resolution and autophagic enhancement during DCM.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins/metabolism
- Autophagy/drug effects
- Autophagy-Related Proteins/metabolism
- Cells, Cultured
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/complications
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/drug therapy
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/metabolism
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/pathology
- Diabetic Cardiomyopathies/etiology
- Diabetic Cardiomyopathies/metabolism
- Diabetic Cardiomyopathies/pathology
- Diabetic Cardiomyopathies/prevention & control
- Disease Models, Animal
- Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress/drug effects
- Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 3/genetics
- Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 3/metabolism
- Interleukin-33/pharmacology
- Male
- Mice
- Myocytes, Cardiac/drug effects
- Myocytes, Cardiac/metabolism
- Myocytes, Cardiac/pathology
- Palmitic Acid/toxicity
- Rats, Sprague-Dawley
- Signal Transduction
- Rats
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Affiliation(s)
- Mao-Xiong Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Laboratory of Cardiac Electrophysiology and Arrhythmia in Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Shao-Hua Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Laboratory of Cardiac Electrophysiology and Arrhythmia in Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yong Xie
- Department of Cardiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Laboratory of Cardiac Electrophysiology and Arrhythmia in Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhi-Teng Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Laboratory of Cardiac Electrophysiology and Arrhythmia in Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Qi Guo
- Department of Cardiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Laboratory of Cardiac Electrophysiology and Arrhythmia in Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Wo-Liang Yuan
- Department of Cardiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Laboratory of Cardiac Electrophysiology and Arrhythmia in Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Chang Guan
- Department of Cardiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Laboratory of Cardiac Electrophysiology and Arrhythmia in Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Cheng-Zhang Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Laboratory of Cardiac Electrophysiology and Arrhythmia in Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yu-Na Huang
- Department of Cardiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Laboratory of Cardiac Electrophysiology and Arrhythmia in Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jing-Feng Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Laboratory of Cardiac Electrophysiology and Arrhythmia in Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Hai-Feng Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Laboratory of Cardiac Electrophysiology and Arrhythmia in Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yang-Xin Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Laboratory of Cardiac Electrophysiology and Arrhythmia in Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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17
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Liu N, Chen J, Zhao Y, Zhang M, Piao L, Wang S, Yue Y. Role of the IL-33/ST2 receptor axis in ovarian cancer progression. Oncol Lett 2021; 22:504. [PMID: 33986865 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2021.12765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2020] [Accepted: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer remains a significant health problem for women in the world due to its diagnosis at advanced stages of disease and the high mortality rate of patients. To date, ovarian cancer is frequently treated with tumor reduction surgery followed by platinum/paclitaxel-based chemotherapy; however, most patients eventually develop relapsed disease. The mRNA expression levels of interleukin-33 (IL-33) and the suppressor of tumorigenicity 2 (ST2) receptor are significantly upregulated in ovarian cancer tissues and metastatic tumor lesions. In addition, IL-33 and ST2 expression has been associated with a poor overall survival in patients with epithelial ovarian cancer. The IL-33 receptor ST2 is expressed as both a membrane-anchored receptor (ST2L) activated by IL-33, and as a soluble variant that exhibits anti-inflammatory properties. In the present review, the functions of the IL-33/ST2L axis in cells and their aberrant expression levels in ovarian cancer were discussed. In addition, targeting their expression as a novel strategy for the control of ovarian cancer progression was emphasized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Liu
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130061, P.R. China
| | - Jintong Chen
- Department of Cancer Immunology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130061, P.R. China
| | - Yinghua Zhao
- Department of Cancer Immunology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130061, P.R. China
| | - Mingyue Zhang
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130061, P.R. China
| | - Li Piao
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130061, P.R. China
| | - Siqing Wang
- Department of Cancer Immunology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130061, P.R. China
| | - Ying Yue
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130061, P.R. China
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18
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Xu H, Li D, Ma J, Zhao Y, Xu L, Tian R, Liu Y, Sun L, Su J. The IL-33/ST2 axis affects tumor growth by regulating mitophagy in macrophages and reprogramming their polarization. Cancer Biol Med 2021; 18:172-183. [PMID: 33628592 PMCID: PMC7877183 DOI: 10.20892/j.issn.2095-3941.2020.0211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 08/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: Macrophages are a major component of the tumor microenvironment. M1 macrophages secrete pro-inflammatory factors that inhibit tumor growth and development, whereas tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) mainly exhibit an M2 phenotype. Our previous studies have shown that the interleukin-33/ST2 (IL-33/ST2) axis is essential for activation of the M1 phenotype. This study investigates the role of the IL-33/ST2 axis in TAMs, its effects on tumor growth, and whether it participates in the mutual conversion between the M1 and M2 phenotypes. Methods: Bone marrow-derived macrophages were extracted from wildtype, ST2 knockout (ST2−/−), and Il33-overexpressing mice and differentiated with IL-4. The mitochondrial and lysosomal number and location, and the expression of related proteins were used to analyze mitophagy. Oxygen consumption rates and glucose and lactate levels were measured to reveal metabolic changes. Results: The IL-33/ST2 axis was demonstrated to play an important role in the metabolic conversion of macrophages from OXPHOS to glycolysis by altering mitophagy levels. The IL-33/ST2 axis promoted enhanced cell oxidative phosphorylation, thereby further increasing M2 polarization gene expression and ultimately promoting tumor growth (P < 0.05) (Figure 4). This metabolic shift was not due to mitochondrial damage, because the mitochondrial membrane potential was not significantly altered by IL-4 stimulation or ST2 knockout; however, it might be associated with the mTOR activity. Conclusions: These results clarify the interaction between the IL-33/ST2 pathway and macrophage polarization, and may pave the way to the development of new cancer immunotherapies targeting the IL-33/ST2 axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huadan Xu
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130000, China
| | - Dong Li
- Department of Hepatology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130000, China.,Department of Immunology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130000, China
| | - Jiaoyan Ma
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130000, China
| | - Yuanxin Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130000, China
| | - Long Xu
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130000, China
| | - Rui Tian
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130000, China
| | - Yanan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130000, China
| | - Liankun Sun
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130000, China
| | - Jing Su
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130000, China
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19
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Association of metabolic and inflammatory markers with polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS): an update. Arch Gynecol Obstet 2021; 303:631-643. [PMID: 33439300 DOI: 10.1007/s00404-020-05951-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is the most prevalent metabolic disorder in reproductive-age women. It is indeed a multifactorial condition evidenced by ovarian dysfunction, hyperandrogenaemia, infertility, hormonal imbalance and chronic anovulation. Experimental evidence infers that PCOS women are prone to cardiovascular problems and insulin resistance. PURPOSE To furnish the details about the association of inflammatory markers in PCOS. DESIGN An extensive literature search on PubMed, science direct and google scholar has been performed for articles about PCOS and inflammation in PCOS. A comprehensive analysis using original articles, reviews, systemic and meta-analysis was conducted for better understanding the relationship between inflammatory cytokines and PCOS. RESULTS The inflammatory markers perform a substantial part in managing the functions of the ovary. Any disturbances in their levels can lead to ovarian dysfunction. Inflammatory markers are associated with PCOS pathogenesis. The interplay between inflammatory cytokines in the PCOS ovary strongly implies that inflammation is one of the most potent risk factors of PCOS. CONCLUSION Inflammatory markers have a significant role in regulating the ovary. This manuscript highlights the significance of metabolic and inflammatory markers with PCOS. Since PCOS is always considered as a metabolic disorder, researchers can also consider focusing on the relationship between the inflammatory markers in PCOS to establish a new treatment or management of the disease and to improve women's health.
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20
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Requirement of brain interleukin33 for aquaporin4 expression in astrocytes and glymphatic drainage of abnormal tau. Mol Psychiatry 2021; 26:5912-5924. [PMID: 33432186 PMCID: PMC8273186 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-020-00992-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Revised: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Defective aquaporin4 (AQP4)-mediated glymphatic drainage has been linked to tauopathy and amyloid plaque in Alzheimer's disease. We now show that brain interleukin33 (IL33) is required for regulation of AQP4 expression in astrocytes, especially those at neuron-facing membrane domain (n-AQP4). First, IL33-deficient (Il33-/-) mice showed a loss of n-AQP4 after middle age, which coincided with a rapid accumulation of abnormal tau in neurons and a reduction in drainage of abnormal tau to peripheral tissues. Second, injection of recombinant IL33 induced robust expression of AQP4 at perivascular endfoot (p-AQP4) of astrocytes, but not n-AQP4, in Il33-/- brains. Although the increased p-AQP4 greatly accelerated drainage of intracerebroventricularly injected peptides, it did not substantially accelerate drainage of abnormal tau. These results suggest that p-AQP4 drives overall convective flow toward perivenous space, i.e., glymphatics, whereas n-AQP4 may generate an aqueous flow away from neurons to remove neuronal wastes, e.g., abnormal tau. We have previously shown the role of brain IL33 in DNA repair and autophagy in neurons with oxidative stress. Now, we show that IL33 deficiency also impairs glymphatic drainage. Defects in those mechanisms together may lead to chronic neurodegeneration and tauopathy at old age in IL33-deficient mice.
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21
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Zhang Z, Huang L, Brayboy L. Macrophages: an indispensable piece of ovarian health. Biol Reprod 2020; 104:527-538. [PMID: 33274732 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioaa219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2020] [Revised: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Macrophages are the most abundant immune cells in the ovary. In addition to their roles in the innate immune system, these heterogeneous tissue-resident cells are responsive to tissue-derived signals, adapt to their local tissue environment, and specialize in unique functions to maintain tissue homeostasis. Research in the past decades has established a strong link between macrophages and various aspects of ovarian physiology, indicating a pivotal role of macrophages in ovarian health. However, unlike other intensively studied organs, the knowledge of ovarian macrophages dates back to the time when the heterogeneity of ontogeny, phenotype, and function of macrophages was not fully understood. In this review, we discuss the evolving understanding of the biology of ovarian tissue-resident macrophages, highlight their regulatory roles in normal ovarian functions, review the association between certain ovarian pathologies and disturbed macrophage homeostasis, and finally, discuss the technologies that are essential for addressing key questions in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zijing Zhang
- Division of Research, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Women & Infants Hospital of Rhode Island, Providence, RI 02905, USA.,Department of Hematology and Oncology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA
| | - Lu Huang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA
| | - Lynae Brayboy
- Division of Research, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Women & Infants Hospital of Rhode Island, Providence, RI 02905, USA.,Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Women & Infants Hospital of Rhode Island, Providence, RI 02905, USA.,Department of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology & Biochemistry, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA.,Department of Neuropediatrics, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin 10117, Germany
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22
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Park J, Park Y, Koh I, Kim NK, Baek KH, Yun BS, Lee KJ, Song JY, Lee E, Kwack K. Association of an APBA3 Missense Variant with Risk of Premature Ovarian Failure in the Korean Female Population. J Pers Med 2020; 10:jpm10040193. [PMID: 33114509 PMCID: PMC7720130 DOI: 10.3390/jpm10040193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Revised: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Premature ovarian failure (POF) is a complex disease of which the etiology is influenced by numerous genetic variations. Several POF candidate genes have been reported. However, no causal genes with high odds ratio (OR) have yet been discovered. This study included 564 females of Korean ethnicity, comprising 60 patients with POF and 182 controls in the discovery set and 105 patients with POF and 217 controls in the replication set. We conducted genome-wide association analysis to search for novel candidate genes predicted to influence POF development using Axiom Precision Medicine Research Arrays and additive model logistic regression analysis. One statistically significant single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), rs55941146, which encodes a missense alteration (Val > Gly) in the APBA3 gene, was identified with OR values for association with POF of 13.33 and 4.628 in the discovery and replication sets, respectively. No rs55941146 minor allele homozygotes were present in either cases or controls. The APBA3 protein binds FIH-1 that inhibits hypoxia inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α). HIF-1α contributes to granulosa cell proliferation, which is crucial for ovarian follicle growth, by regulating cell proliferation factors and follicle stimulating hormone-mediated autophagy. Our data demonstrate that APBA3 is a candidate novel causal gene for POF.
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Affiliation(s)
- JeongMan Park
- Institute Department of Biomedical Science, College of Life Science, CHA University, Seongnam, Gyeonggi-do 13488, Korea; (J.P.); (Y.P.); (N.K.K.); (K.-H.B.)
| | - YoungJoon Park
- Institute Department of Biomedical Science, College of Life Science, CHA University, Seongnam, Gyeonggi-do 13488, Korea; (J.P.); (Y.P.); (N.K.K.); (K.-H.B.)
| | - Insong Koh
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea;
| | - Nam Keun Kim
- Institute Department of Biomedical Science, College of Life Science, CHA University, Seongnam, Gyeonggi-do 13488, Korea; (J.P.); (Y.P.); (N.K.K.); (K.-H.B.)
| | - Kwang-Hyun Baek
- Institute Department of Biomedical Science, College of Life Science, CHA University, Seongnam, Gyeonggi-do 13488, Korea; (J.P.); (Y.P.); (N.K.K.); (K.-H.B.)
| | - Bo-Seong Yun
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, CHA Gangnam Medical Center, CHA University, Seongnam, Gyeonggi-do 13497, Korea;
| | - Kyung Ju Lee
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Korea University Medical Center, Seoul 02841, Korea;
| | - Jae Yun Song
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea; (J.Y.S.); (E.L.)
| | - Eunil Lee
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea; (J.Y.S.); (E.L.)
| | - KyuBum Kwack
- Institute Department of Biomedical Science, College of Life Science, CHA University, Seongnam, Gyeonggi-do 13488, Korea; (J.P.); (Y.P.); (N.K.K.); (K.-H.B.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-31-881-7141
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Ma L, Tang X, Guo S, Liang M, Zhang B, Jiang Z. miRNA-21-3p targeting of FGF2 suppresses autophagy of bovine ovarian granulosa cells through AKT/mTOR pathway. Theriogenology 2020; 157:226-237. [PMID: 32818880 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2020.06.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Revised: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
It is widely thought that the main reason for ovarian follicular atresia is apoptosis of granulosa cells, however, accumulating evidence suggests that autophagy plays a role in the fate of granulosa cells. Although epigenetic regulation including miR-21-3p associated with autophagy process has been reported in many cancer types, nevertheless, the mechanism of miR-21-3p in bovine ovary is poorly understood. In the present study, bovine ovarian granulosa cells (BGCs) were used as a model to elucidate the autophagy and role of miR-21-3p in a cattle ovary. The results from gene expression and tagged autophagosomes showed the autophagy in BGCs and miR-21-3p was identified as an important miRNA regulating autophagy of BGCs. The current results indicated that FGF2 was a validated target of miR-21-3p in autophagy regulation of BGCs according to the results from FGF2 luciferase reporter assays and FGF2 overexpression (oe-FGF2) or small interference (si-FGF2). Transfection of miR-21-3p mimic and si-FGF2 plasmids resulted in decreasing phosphorylated AKT and mTOR, while transfection of miR-21-3p inhibitor and oe-FGF2 increased the phosphorylated level of AKT and mTOR in BGCs. These data indicate that regulation of miR-21-3p on BGCs autophagy through AKT/mTOR pathway. In summary, this study suggests that miR-21-3p targets FGF2 to inhibit BGCs autophagy by repressing AKT/mTOR signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lizhu Ma
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetic, Breeding and Reproduction in Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Xiaorong Tang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetic, Breeding and Reproduction in Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Shun Guo
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetic, Breeding and Reproduction in Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Mingyue Liang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetic, Breeding and Reproduction in Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Bin Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory for Sheep Genetic Improvement and Healthy Production, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural and Reclamation Science, Shihezi, 832000, China
| | - Zhongliang Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetic, Breeding and Reproduction in Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, 712100, China.
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24
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Yadav AK, Yadav PK, Chaudhary GR, Tiwari M, Gupta A, Sharma A, Pandey AN, Pandey AK, Chaube SK. Autophagy in hypoxic ovary. Cell Mol Life Sci 2019; 76:3311-3322. [PMID: 31062072 PMCID: PMC11105528 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-019-03122-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2018] [Revised: 03/30/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Oxygen deprivation affects human health by modulating system as well as cellular physiology. Hypoxia generates reactive oxygen species (ROS), causes oxidative stress and affects female reproductive health by altering ovarian as well as oocyte physiology in mammals. Hypoxic conditions lead to several degenerative changes by inducing various cell death pathways like autophagy, apoptosis and necrosis in the follicle of mammalian ovary. The encircling somatic cell death interrupts supply of nutrients to the oocyte and nutrient deprivation may result in the generation of ROS. Increased level of ROS could induce granulosa cells as well as oocyte autophagy. Although autophagy removes damaged proteins and subcellular organelles to maintain the cell survival, irreparable damages could induce cell death within intra-follicular microenvironment. Hypoxia-induced autophagy is operated through 5' AMP activated protein kinase-mammalian target of rapamycin, endoplasmic reticulum stress/unfolded protein response and protein kinase C delta-c-junN terminal kinase 1 pathways in a wide variety of somatic cell types. Similar to somatic cells, we propose that hypoxia may induce granulosa cell as well as oocyte autophagy and it could be responsible at least in part for germ cell elimination from mammalian ovary. Hypoxia-mediated germ cell depletion may cause several reproductive impairments including early menopause in mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anil Kumar Yadav
- Cell Physiology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - Pramod K Yadav
- Cell Physiology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - Govind R Chaudhary
- Cell Physiology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - Meenakshi Tiwari
- Cell Physiology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - Anumegha Gupta
- Cell Physiology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - Alka Sharma
- Cell Physiology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - Ashutosh N Pandey
- Cell Physiology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - Ajai K Pandey
- Department of Kayachikitsa, Faculty of Ayurveda, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - Shail K Chaube
- Cell Physiology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India.
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25
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Different intensity of autophagy regulate interleukin-33 to control the uncontrolled inflammation of acute lung injury. Inflamm Res 2019; 68:665-675. [PMID: 31147742 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-019-01250-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2018] [Revised: 05/15/2019] [Accepted: 05/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Cytokines participate in the progression of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), and uncontrolled inflammation is a central issue of acute lung injury (ALI). Interleukin (IL)-33 is a nuclear protein that has been reported to have a proinflammatory role in ARDS. Studies have shown that excessive autophagy may lead to the increased mortality of patients with ARDS, while several investigations indicated that IL-33 and autophagy interact with one another. The present study sought to clarify the relation between autophagy and IL-33's proinflammatory role in ARDS. METHODS We built a lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced lung injury mouse model. To study the relationship between IL-33 and autophagy, mice were pretreated with rapamycin (RAPA; a promoter of autophagy) and 3-methyladenine (3-MA; an inhibitor of autophagy) prior to LPS administration. The expression of IL-33 in serum and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) was measured. Immunohistochemistry of IL-33 in lung tissue was examined. Th1,Th2 cytokines/chemokine levels in serum and BALF were tested. Further, the severity of lung injury was evaluated. And the nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB)'s nuclear translocation in lung tissue was detected. RESULTS In comparison with the control group, the levels of IL-33 in serum and BALF were increased after LPS injection. Th1 cytokines/chemokine levels were significantly increased in serum and BALF, while Th2 cytokine levels changed only a little. The levels of IL-33 in serum and BALF of the RAPA group was significantly increased after LPS was injected as compared with the LPS group; additionally, the levels of IL-33 in serum and BALF of the 3-MA group was significantly reduced after LPS was injected as compared with the LPS group, and that lung injury was ameliorated after 3-MA pretreatment. Th1 cytokines and chemokines in both serum and BALF were also decreased in the 3-MA group. Furthermore, we found that the nuclear translocation of NF-κB increased after LPS administration, and NF-κB's nuclear translocation was significantly increased in comparison with the LPS group after RAPA pretreatment. In contrast, NF-κB's nuclear translocation decreased after 3-MA pretreatment as compared with the LPS group. CONCLUSIONS These findings showed that autophagy might regulate IL-33 by activating or inhibiting NF-κB to control the uncontrolled inflammation of acute lung injury.
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Pepe G, Locati M, Della Torre S, Mornata F, Cignarella A, Maggi A, Vegeto E. The estrogen-macrophage interplay in the homeostasis of the female reproductive tract. Hum Reprod Update 2019; 24:652-672. [PMID: 30256960 DOI: 10.1093/humupd/dmy026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2017] [Accepted: 08/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Estrogens are known to orchestrate reproductive events and to regulate the immune system during infections and following tissue damage. Recent findings suggest that, in the absence of any danger signal, estrogens trigger the physiological expansion and functional specialization of macrophages, which are immune cells that populate the female reproductive tract (FRT) and are increasingly being recognized to participate in tissue homeostasis beyond their immune activity against infections. Although estrogens are the only female gonadal hormones that directly target macrophages, a comprehensive view of this endocrine-immune communication and its involvement in the FRT is still missing. OBJECTIVE AND RATIONALE Recent accomplishments encourage a revision of the literature on the ability of macrophages to respond to estrogens and induce tissue-specific functions required for reproductive events, with the aim to envision macrophages as key players in FRT homeostasis and mediators of the regenerative and trophic actions of estrogens. SEARCH METHODS We conducted a systematic search using PubMed and Ovid for human, animal (rodents) and cellular studies published until 2018 on estrogen action in macrophages and the activity of these cells in the FRT. OUTCOMES Our search identified the remarkable ability of macrophages to activate biochemical processes in response to estrogens in cell culture experiments. The distribution at specific locations, interaction with selected cells and acquisition of distinct phenotypes of macrophages in the FRT, as well as the cyclic renewal of these properties at each ovarian cycle, demonstrate the involvement of these cells in the homeostasis of reproductive events. Moreover, current evidence suggests an association between estrogen-macrophage signaling and the generation of a tolerant and regenerative environment in the FRT, although a causative link is still missing. WIDER IMPLICATIONS Dysregulation of the functions and estrogen responsiveness of FRT macrophages may be involved in infertility and estrogen- and macrophage-dependent gynecological diseases, such as ovarian cancer and endometriosis. Thus, more research is needed on the physiology and pharmacological control of this endocrine-immune interplay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanna Pepe
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Center of Excellence on Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Milan, via Balzaretti, 9 Milan, Italy
| | - Massimo Locati
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Segrate, Italy
- Department of Medical Biotechnologies and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, via fratelli Cervi, Segrate, Italy
| | - Sara Della Torre
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Center of Excellence on Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Milan, via Balzaretti, 9 Milan, Italy
| | - Federica Mornata
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Center of Excellence on Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Milan, via Balzaretti, 9 Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Cignarella
- Department of Medicine, University of Padua, Largo Meneghetti 2, Padua, Italy
| | - Adriana Maggi
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Center of Excellence on Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Milan, via Balzaretti, 9 Milan, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Vegeto
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Center of Excellence on Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Milan, via Balzaretti, 9 Milan, Italy
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Wang Z, Shi L, Hua S, Qi C, Fang M. IL-33 ameliorates experimental colitis involving regulation of autophagy of macrophages in mice. Cell Biosci 2019; 9:10. [PMID: 30651971 PMCID: PMC6332617 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-019-0271-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2018] [Accepted: 01/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Previously, we have demonstrated that IL-33 administration protecting TNBS-induced experimental colitis is associated with facilitation of Th2/Tregs responses in mice. However, whether IL-33 regulates autophagy to ameliorate experimental colitis is unclear. Results IL-33 administration (2 μg/day, intraperitoneal injection), while facilitating Th2/Tregs responses, also enhances the autophagy in mice with TNBS-induced colitis as well as macrophages. In the meantime, we observed that inhibition of the autophagy with 3-methyladenine (3-MA) (24 mg/kg, intraperitoneal injection) in mice exacerbates TNBS-induced experimental colitis. On the contrary, administration of rapamycin (2 mg/kg,intragastric administration), an autophagy-enhancer, alleviates the colitis in mice. In vivo, Immunofluorescence analysis revealed that TNBS combined with IL-33 enhanced the autophagy of macrophages in the inflammatory gut tissue. In vitro, treatment with IL-33 promoted the autophagy of macrophages generated from bone marrow cells in dose-dependant manner. Furthermore, the effect of autophagy-enhancement by IL-33 is TLR4 signaling pathway dependant. Our notion was further confirmed by IL-33-deficient bone marrow-derived macrophages cells. Conclusions IL-33 regulates the autophagy is a new immunoregulatory property on TNBS-induced experimental colitis in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongyan Wang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13# Hangkong Road, Wuhan, China
| | - Lifeng Shi
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13# Hangkong Road, Wuhan, China
| | - Shuyao Hua
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13# Hangkong Road, Wuhan, China
| | - Chang Qi
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13# Hangkong Road, Wuhan, China
| | - Min Fang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13# Hangkong Road, Wuhan, China
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Lou Y, Carlock C, Wu J. Glymphatic Efficiency Is a Critical Factor for Using Abnormal Tau in Peripheral Tissues as Biomarker for Alzheimer's Disease. BIOMARKERS AND APPLICATIONS 2018; 2018:100030. [PMID: 33313483 PMCID: PMC7729990 DOI: 10.29011/2576-9588.100030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's Disease or other dementias are characterized by the accumulation of abnormal tau and amyloid β peptides in brains. Therefore, abnormal tau and amyloid peptides in peripheral tissues or blood have been explored as diagnostic biomarkers. On the other hand, recent studies have revealed glymphatics a special drainage system for brain's wastes. We aimed to investigate whether effectiveness of glymphatic system affects the quantity of abnormal tau in the peripheral tissues. We have previously shown that aged IL33 KO (Il33 -/-) mice develop Alzheimer's like disease. Despite a large quantity of abnormal tau in brains, Il33 -/- mice showed a much lower amount of abnormal tau drained to the peripheral tissues kidneys than in wild type mice. Our further study showed that it was caused by defective glymphatic drainage since Il33 KO impaired glymphatics. Thus, it is necessary to identify biomarkers, which can evaluate efficiency of glymphatic drainage. Simultaneous measurement of these biomarkers and abnormal tau in peripheral tissues or blood may be critical for accurate diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yahuan Lou
- Department of Diagnostic Sciences School of Dentistry, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, USA
| | - Colin Carlock
- Department of Diagnostic Sciences School of Dentistry, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, USA
| | - Jean Wu
- Department of Diagnostic Sciences School of Dentistry, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, USA
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Gao D, Tang T, Zhu J, Tang Y, Sun H, Li S. CXCL12 has therapeutic value in facial nerve injury and promotes Schwann cells autophagy and migration via PI3K-AKT-mTOR signal pathway. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 124:460-468. [PMID: 30391592 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.10.212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2018] [Revised: 10/06/2018] [Accepted: 10/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Facial nerve injury is a clinically common disease accompanied by demyelination of damaged nerves. The remyelination of damaged nerves and the unsatisfactory function recovery are problems that have been plaguing people for a long time. The role that CXCL12 plays after facial nerve injury remains unknown. Our experiments found that the expression of CXCL12 was up-regulated in the early stage of facial nerve injury and decreased after two weeks. Further research found that CXCL12 had no effect on Schwann cells proliferation, apoptosis and cell cycle, while significantly promoted Schwann cells migration. Treatment with CXCL12 decreased the phosphorylation of PI3K, AKT and mTOR, but increased autophagy marker LC3II/I. The CXCL12-induced Schwann cells migration was significantly attenuated by inhibition of autophagy and activation of PI3K pathway through pretreatment with 3-MA and IGF-1 respectively, and this effect was enhanced by PI3K pathway inhibitor LY294002. Animal experiment also confirmed that CXCL12 could improve facial nerve function and myelin regeneration. The findings of this study indicate that CXCL12 can promote the migration of Schwann cells and potentially become a key molecule in the repair of facial nerve injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dekun Gao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Tianchi Tang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Jin Zhu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Yinda Tang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Hui Sun
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200092, China.
| | - Shiting Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200092, China.
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30
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Wang L, Ye X, Zhao T. The physiological roles of autophagy in the mammalian life cycle. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 2018; 94:503-516. [PMID: 30239126 PMCID: PMC7379196 DOI: 10.1111/brv.12464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2018] [Revised: 08/22/2018] [Accepted: 08/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Autophagy is primarily an efficient intracellular catabolic pathway used for degradation of abnormal cellular protein aggregates and damaged organelles. Although autophagy was initially proposed to be a cellular stress responder, increasing evidence suggests that it carries out normal physiological roles in multiple biological processes. To date, autophagy has been identified in most organs and at many different developmental stages, indicating that it is not only essential for cellular homeostasis and renovation, but is also important for organ development. Herein, we summarize our current understanding of the functions of autophagy (which here refers to macroautophagy) in the mammalian life cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100101 Beijing, China.,Savaid Medical School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049 Beijing, China
| | - Xiongjun Ye
- Department of Urology, Peking University People's Hospital, 100034 Beijing, China
| | - Tongbiao Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100101 Beijing, China.,Savaid Medical School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049 Beijing, China
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Bartemes K, Chen CC, Iijima K, Drake L, Kita H. IL-33-Responsive Group 2 Innate Lymphoid Cells Are Regulated by Female Sex Hormones in the Uterus. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2017; 200:229-236. [PMID: 29133293 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1602085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2016] [Accepted: 10/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) reside in multiple organs in the body, where they play roles in immunity, tissue homeostasis, and metabolic regulation. However, little is known about the regulatory mechanisms of ILC2s in different organs. Here, we identified ILC2s in the mouse uterus and found that they express cell surface molecules, including the IL-33 receptor, ST2, that are roughly comparable to those expressed by lung ILC2s. Both in vivo and in vitro treatment with IL-33 induced type 2 cytokine production in uterine ILC2s, suggesting that they respond to IL-33 in a manner similar to ILC2s in other organs. Importantly, uterine ILC2s were nearly absent in ovariectomized mice and were increased in wild-type mice by estrogen administration, whereas lung ILC2s were unaffected by both ovariectomy and estrogen administration. Likewise, a marked reduction in uterine ILC2s was observed in mice deficient in estrogen receptor α or estrogen receptor β. Furthermore, uterine ILC2s highly expressed estrogen receptor α, and in vitro culture of isolated uterine ILC2s with 17β-estradiol modified expression of a number of genes. Finally, an increased prevalence in neonatal mortality was observed in litters from dams lacking the IL-33 receptor, ST2. Taken together, our findings indicate that unlike lung IL2Cs, uterine ILC2s are regulated by female sex hormones, which may specialize them for specific physiological functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathleen Bartemes
- Division of Allergic Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905; and.,Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905
| | - Chien-Chang Chen
- Division of Allergic Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905; and.,Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905
| | - Koji Iijima
- Division of Allergic Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905; and
| | - Li Drake
- Division of Allergic Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905; and
| | - Hirohito Kita
- Division of Allergic Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905; and .,Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905
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Talbott H, Hou X, Qiu F, Zhang P, Guda C, Yu F, Cushman RA, Wood JR, Wang C, Cupp AS, Davis JS. Early transcriptome responses of the bovine midcycle corpus luteum to prostaglandin F2α includes cytokine signaling. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2017; 452:93-109. [PMID: 28549990 PMCID: PMC7388008 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2017.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2017] [Revised: 05/17/2017] [Accepted: 05/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
In ruminants, prostaglandin F2alpha (PGF2α)-mediated luteolysis is essential prior to estrous cycle resumption, and is a target for improving fertility. To deduce early PGF2α-provoked changes in the corpus luteum a short time-course (0.5-4 h) was performed on cows at midcycle. A microarray-determined transcriptome was established and examined by bioinformatic pathway analysis. Classic PGF2α effects were evident by changes in early response genes (FOS, JUN, ATF3) and prediction of active pathways (PKC, MAPK). Several cytokine transcripts were elevated and NF-κB and STAT activation were predicted by pathway analysis. Self-organizing map analysis grouped differentially expressed transcripts into ten mRNA expression patterns indicative of temporal signaling cascades. Comparison with two analogous datasets revealed a conserved group of 124 transcripts similarly altered by PGF2α treatment, which both, directly and indirectly, indicated cytokine activation. Elevated levels of cytokine transcripts after PGF2α and predicted activation of cytokine pathways implicate inflammatory reactions early in PGF2α-mediated luteolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather Talbott
- Olson Center for Women's Health/Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, University of Nebraska Medical Center, 989450 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-9450, USA; Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, University of Nebraska Medical Center, 985870 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-5870, USA.
| | - Xiaoying Hou
- Olson Center for Women's Health/Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, University of Nebraska Medical Center, 989450 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-9450, USA.
| | - Fang Qiu
- Biostatistics Department, University of Nebraska Medical Center, 984375 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-4375, USA.
| | - Pan Zhang
- Olson Center for Women's Health/Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, University of Nebraska Medical Center, 989450 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-9450, USA.
| | - Chittibabu Guda
- Department of Genetics, Cell Biology and Anatomy, Bioinformatics and Systems Biology Core, University of Nebraska Medical Center, 985805 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-5805, USA.
| | - Fang Yu
- Biostatistics Department, University of Nebraska Medical Center, 984375 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-4375, USA.
| | - Robert A Cushman
- Nutrition and Environmental Management Research Unit, United States Department of Agriculture, P.O. Box 166 (State Spur 18D)/USDA-ARS-PA-USMARC, Clay Center, NE 68933, USA.
| | - Jennifer R Wood
- Animal Science Department, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, P.O. Box 830908, C203 ANSC, Lincoln, NE 68583-0908, USA.
| | - Cheng Wang
- Olson Center for Women's Health/Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, University of Nebraska Medical Center, 989450 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-9450, USA.
| | - Andrea S Cupp
- Animal Science Department, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, P.O. Box 830908, C203 ANSC, Lincoln, NE 68583-0908, USA.
| | - John S Davis
- Olson Center for Women's Health/Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, University of Nebraska Medical Center, 989450 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-9450, USA; Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, University of Nebraska Medical Center, 985870 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-5870, USA; Veterans Affairs Medical Center, 4101 Woolworth Ave, Omaha, NE 68105, USA.
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Zhou J, Yao W, Li C, Wu W, Li Q, Liu H. Administration of follicle-stimulating hormone induces autophagy via upregulation of HIF-1α in mouse granulosa cells. Cell Death Dis 2017; 8:e3001. [PMID: 28817115 PMCID: PMC5596559 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2017.371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2017] [Revised: 06/25/2017] [Accepted: 07/04/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Recent studies reported the important role of autophagy in follicular development. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain elusive. In this study, we investigated the effect of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) on mouse granulosa cells (MGCs). Results indicated that autophagy was induced by FSH, which is known to be the dominant hormone regulating follicular development and granulosa cell (GC) proliferation. The activation of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), a master regulator of autophagy, was inhibited during the process of MGC autophagy. Moreover, MHY1485 (an agonist of mTOR) significantly suppressed autophagy signaling by activating mTOR. The expression of hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha (HIF-1α) was increased after FSH treatment. Blocking hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha attenuated autophagy signaling. In vitro, CoCl2-induced hypoxia enhanced cell autophagy and affected the expression of beclin1 and BCL2/adenovirus E1B interacting protein 3 (Bnip3) in the presence of FSH. Knockdown of beclin1 and Bnip3 suppressed autophagy signaling in MGCs. Furthermore, our in vivo study demonstrated that the FSH-induced increase in weight was significantly reduced after effectively inhibiting autophagy with chloroquine, which was correlated with incomplete mitophagy process through the PINK1-Parkin pathway, delayed cell cycle, and reduced cell proliferation rate. In addition, chloroquine treatment decreased inhibin alpha subunit, but enhanced the expression of 3 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase. Blocking autophagy resulted in a significantly lower percentage of antral and preovulatory follicles after FSH stimulation. In conclusion, our results indicate that FSH induces autophagy signaling in MGCs via HIF-1α. In addition, our results provide evidence that autophagy induced by FSH is related to follicle development and atresia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jilong Zhou
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Wang Yao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Chengyu Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Wangjun Wu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Qifa Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Honglin Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
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Interleukin33 deficiency causes tau abnormality and neurodegeneration with Alzheimer-like symptoms in aged mice. Transl Psychiatry 2017; 7:e1164. [PMID: 28675392 PMCID: PMC5538122 DOI: 10.1038/tp.2017.142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2017] [Accepted: 05/17/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Late-onset Alzheimer's disease (AD) remains a medical mystery. Recent studies have linked it to impaired repair of aged neurons. Potential involvement of interleukin33 (IL33) in AD has been reported. Here we show that IL33, which was expressed by up to 75% astrocytes in the aged brains, was critical for repair of aged neurons. Mice lacking Il33 gene (Il33-/-) developed AD-like disease after 60-80 weeks, which was characterized by tau abnormality and a heavy loss of neurons/neurites in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus accompanied with cognition/memory impairment. We detected an abrupt aging surge in the cortical and hippocampal neurons at middle age (40 weeks). To counter the aging surge, wild-type mice rapidly upregulated repair of DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) and autophagic clearance of cellular wastes in these neurons. Il33-/- mice failed to do so, but instead went on to develop rapid accumulation of abnormal tau, massive DSBs and abnormal autophagic vacuoles in these neurons. Thus, uncontrolled neuronal aging surge at middle age due to lack of IL33 resulted in neurodegeneration and late-onset AD-like symptome in Il33-/- mice. Our study also suggests that the aging surge is a time to search for biomarkers for early diagnosis of AD before massive neuron loss.
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Li TT, Zhu D, Mou T, Guo Z, Pu JL, Chen QS, Wei XF, Wu ZJ. IL-37 induces autophagy in hepatocellular carcinoma cells by inhibiting the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway. Mol Immunol 2017; 87:132-140. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2017.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2016] [Revised: 04/09/2017] [Accepted: 04/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Smith D, Helgason H, Sulem P, Bjornsdottir US, Lim AC, Sveinbjornsson G, Hasegawa H, Brown M, Ketchem RR, Gavala M, Garrett L, Jonasdottir A, Jonasdottir A, Sigurdsson A, Magnusson OT, Eyjolfsson GI, Olafsson I, Onundarson PT, Sigurdardottir O, Gislason D, Gislason T, Ludviksson BR, Ludviksdottir D, Boezen HM, Heinzmann A, Krueger M, Porsbjerg C, Ahluwalia TS, Waage J, Backer V, Deichmann KA, Koppelman GH, Bønnelykke K, Bisgaard H, Masson G, Thorsteinsdottir U, Gudbjartsson DF, Johnston JA, Jonsdottir I, Stefansson K. A rare IL33 loss-of-function mutation reduces blood eosinophil counts and protects from asthma. PLoS Genet 2017; 13:e1006659. [PMID: 28273074 PMCID: PMC5362243 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1006659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2016] [Revised: 03/22/2017] [Accepted: 02/26/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
IL-33 is a tissue-derived cytokine that induces and amplifies eosinophilic inflammation and has emerged as a promising new drug target for asthma and allergic disease. Common variants at IL33 and IL1RL1, encoding the IL-33 receptor ST2, associate with eosinophil counts and asthma. Through whole-genome sequencing and imputation into the Icelandic population, we found a rare variant in IL33 (NM_001199640:exon7:c.487-1G>C (rs146597587-C), allele frequency = 0.65%) that disrupts a canonical splice acceptor site before the last coding exon. It is also found at low frequency in European populations. rs146597587-C associates with lower eosinophil counts (β = -0.21 SD, P = 2.5×10–16, N = 103,104), and reduced risk of asthma in Europeans (OR = 0.47; 95%CI: 0.32, 0.70, P = 1.8×10–4, N cases = 6,465, N controls = 302,977). Heterozygotes have about 40% lower total IL33 mRNA expression than non-carriers and allele-specific analysis based on RNA sequencing and phased genotypes shows that only 20% of the total expression is from the mutated chromosome. In half of those transcripts the mutation causes retention of the last intron, predicted to result in a premature stop codon that leads to truncation of 66 amino acids. The truncated IL-33 has normal intracellular localization but neither binds IL-33R/ST2 nor activates ST2-expressing cells. Together these data demonstrate that rs146597587-C is a loss of function mutation and support the hypothesis that IL-33 haploinsufficiency protects against asthma. Only a few genes have been found to play a role in asthma. These include the genes IL33 and IL1RL1, and sequence variants in the human genome close to these genes were initially found to affect the number of eosinophils, cells that play a role in inflammation of the airways in asthma. Based on this knowledge, we decided to use high resolution sequencing technology to search for variants in these genes that cause changes in structure and function of the proteins they encode. We found a rare (0.65%) sequence variant in the IL33 gene, that causes less production of the IL33 protein and some of the protein formed lacks the capacity to bind to its receptor on cells and promote inflammation. This rare mutation causes reduced number of eosinophils in blood and protects against asthma. These results suggest that drugs that could interfere with the inflammatory activity of the IL33 protein may be beneficial for treatment of asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dirk Smith
- Amgen Inc., Discovery Research, South San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Hannes Helgason
- deCODE genetics / Amgen Inc., Reykjavík, Iceland
- School of Engineering and Natural Sciences, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | | | - Unnur Steina Bjornsdottir
- Department of Medicine, Landspitali, The National University Hospital of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Ai Ching Lim
- Amgen Inc., Discovery Research, South San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | | | - Haruki Hasegawa
- Amgen Inc., Discovery Research, South San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Michael Brown
- Amgen Inc., Discovery Research, South San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Randal R. Ketchem
- Amgen Inc., Discovery Research, South San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Monica Gavala
- Amgen Inc., Discovery Research, South San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Logan Garrett
- Amgen Inc., Discovery Research, South San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Isleifur Olafsson
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Landspitali, The National University Hospital of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Pall Torfi Onundarson
- Laboratory Hematology, Landspitali, The National University Hospital of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Olof Sigurdardottir
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Akureyri Hospital, Akureyri, Iceland
| | - David Gislason
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Sleep, Landspitali, The National University Hospital of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Thorarinn Gislason
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Sleep, Landspitali, The National University Hospital of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Bjorn Runar Ludviksson
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
- Department of Immunology, Landspitali, The National University Hospital of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Dora Ludviksdottir
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Sleep, Landspitali, The National University Hospital of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - H. Marike Boezen
- GRIAC research institute, Groningen, The Netherlands
- University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Department of Epidemiology, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Andrea Heinzmann
- Center for Pediatrics, Department of General Pediatrics, Adolescent Medicine and Neonatology, Medical Center – University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Marcus Krueger
- Center for Pediatrics, Department of General Pediatrics, Adolescent Medicine and Neonatology, Medical Center – University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Celeste Porsbjerg
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Bispebjerg University Hospital, Copenhagen University, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Tarunveer S. Ahluwalia
- COPSAC (Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood), Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Johannes Waage
- COPSAC (Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood), Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Vibeke Backer
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Bispebjerg University Hospital, Copenhagen University, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Klaus A. Deichmann
- Center for Pediatrics, Department of General Pediatrics, Adolescent Medicine and Neonatology, Medical Center – University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Gerard H. Koppelman
- GRIAC research institute, Groningen, The Netherlands
- University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Department of Pediatric Pulmonology and Pediatric Allergology, Beatrix Children's Hospital, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Klaus Bønnelykke
- COPSAC (Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood), Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Hans Bisgaard
- COPSAC (Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood), Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Gisli Masson
- deCODE genetics / Amgen Inc., Reykjavík, Iceland
| | - Unnur Thorsteinsdottir
- deCODE genetics / Amgen Inc., Reykjavík, Iceland
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Daniel F. Gudbjartsson
- deCODE genetics / Amgen Inc., Reykjavík, Iceland
- School of Engineering and Natural Sciences, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - James A. Johnston
- Amgen Inc., Discovery Research, South San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Ingileif Jonsdottir
- deCODE genetics / Amgen Inc., Reykjavík, Iceland
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
- Department of Immunology, Landspitali, The National University Hospital of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
- * E-mail: (KS); (IJ)
| | - Kari Stefansson
- deCODE genetics / Amgen Inc., Reykjavík, Iceland
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
- * E-mail: (KS); (IJ)
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Kagan VE, Bayır H, Tyurina YY, Bolevich SB, Maguire JJ, Fadeel B, Balasubramanian K. Elimination of the unnecessary: Intra- and extracellular signaling by anionic phospholipids. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2017; 482:482-490. [PMID: 28212735 PMCID: PMC5319735 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2016.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2016] [Accepted: 11/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
High fidelity of biological systems is frequently achieved by duplication of the essential intracellular machineries or, removal of the entire cell, which becomes unnecessary or even harmful in altered physiological environments. Carefully controlled removal of these cells, without damaging normal cells, requires precise signaling, and is critical to maintaining homeostasis. This review describes how two anionic phospholipids - phosphatidylserine (PS) and cardiolipin (CL) - residing in distinct compartments of the cell, signal removal of "the unnecessary" using several uniform principles. One of these principles is realized by collapse of inherent transmembrane asymmetry and the externalization of the signal on the outer membrane surface - mitochondria for CL and the plasma membrane for PS - to trigger mitophagy and phagocytosis, respectively. Release from damaged cells of intracellular structures with externalized CL or externalized PS triggers their elimination by phagocytosis. Another of these principles is realized by oxidation of polyunsaturated species of CL and PS. Highly specific oxidation of CL by cytochrome c serves as a signal for mitochondria-dependent apoptosis, while oxidation of externalized PS improves its effectiveness to trigger phagocytosis of effete cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valerian E Kagan
- Center for Free Radical and Antioxidant Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Department of Human Pathology, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia.
| | - Hülya Bayır
- Center for Free Radical and Antioxidant Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Yulia Y Tyurina
- Center for Free Radical and Antioxidant Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Sergey B Bolevich
- Department of Human Pathology, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - John J Maguire
- Center for Free Radical and Antioxidant Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Bengt Fadeel
- Nanosafety & Nanomedicine Laboratory, Division of Molecular Toxicology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Krishnakumar Balasubramanian
- Center for Free Radical and Antioxidant Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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The Role of Hsp70 in the Regulation of Autophagy in Gametogenesis, Pregnancy, and Parturition. ADVANCES IN ANATOMY, EMBRYOLOGY, AND CELL BIOLOGY 2017; 222:117-127. [PMID: 28389753 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-51409-3_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Induction of the 70 kDa heat shock protein (hsp70) and autophagy are two major mechanisms that promote cell homeostasis during the rapid cell growth and differentiation characteristic of reproduction. Hsp70 insures proper assembly, conformation, and intracellular transport of nascent proteins. Autophagy removes from the cytoplasm proteins, other macromolecules, and organelles that are no longer functional or needed and recycles their components for synthesis of new products under nutritionally limiting conditions. Hsp70 inhibits autophagy and so a proper balance between these two processes is essential for optimal germ cell production and survival and pregnancy progression. A marked inhibition in autophagy and a concomitant increase in hsp70 at term is a trigger for parturition. Excessive external or endogenous stress that induces a high level of hsp70 production can lead to a non-physiological inhibition of autophagy, resulting in altered spermatogenesis, premature ovarian failure, and complications of pregnancy including preeclampsia, intrauterine growth restriction, and preterm birth.
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Zhou J, Yao W, Liu K, Wen Q, Wu W, Liu H, Li Q. MicroRNA let-7g regulates mouse granulosa cell autophagy by targeting insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2016; 78:130-140. [PMID: 27417237 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2016.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2016] [Revised: 07/05/2016] [Accepted: 07/11/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
As an important type of somatic cell, granulosa cells play a major role in deciding the fate of follicles. Therefore, analyses of granulosa cell apoptosis and follicular atresia have become hotspots of animal research. Autophagy is a cellular catabolic mechanism that protects cells from stress conditions, including starvation, hypoxia, and accumulation of misfolded proteins. However, the relationship between autophagy and apoptosis in granulosa cells is not well known. Here, we demonstrate that let-7g regulates the mouse granulosa cell autophagy signaling pathway by inhibiting insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor expression and affecting the phosphorylation of protein kinase B/mammalian target of rapamycin. Small interference-mediated knockdown of insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor significantly promoted autophagy signaling of mouse granulosa cells. In contrast, overexpression of insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor in mouse granulosa cells attenuated autophagy activity in the presence of let-7g. In addition, overexpression of let-7g increased the apoptosis rate, as indicated by an increased number of terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP-biotin nick end labeling-positive cells. Finally, 3-methyladenine as well as the lysosomal enzyme inhibitor chloroquine partially blocked apoptosis. In summary, this study demonstrates that let-7g regulates autophagy in mouse granulosa cells by targeting insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor and downregulating protein kinase B/mammalian target of rapamycin signaling, and that mouse granulosa cell autophagy induced by let-7g participates in apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jilong Zhou
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Wang Yao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Kaiqing Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Qiannan Wen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Wangjun Wu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Honglin Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
| | - Qifa Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
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Molofsky AB, Savage AK, Locksley RM. Interleukin-33 in Tissue Homeostasis, Injury, and Inflammation. Immunity 2015; 42:1005-19. [PMID: 26084021 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2015.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 451] [Impact Index Per Article: 50.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Interleukin-33 (IL-33) is a nuclear-associated cytokine of the IL-1 family originally described as a potent inducer of allergic type 2 immunity. IL-33 signals via the receptor ST2, which is highly expressed on group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) and T helper 2 (Th2) cells, thus underpinning its association with helminth infection and allergic pathology. Recent studies have revealed ST2 expression on subsets of regulatory T cells, and for a role for IL-33 in tissue homeostasis and repair that suggests previously unrecognized interactions within these cellular networks. IL-33 can participate in pathologic fibrotic reactions, or, in the setting of microbial invasion, can cooperate with inflammatory cytokines to promote responses by cytotoxic NK cells, Th1 cells, and CD8(+) T cells. Here, we highlight the regulation and function of IL-33 and ST2 and review their roles in homeostasis, damage, and inflammation, suggesting a conceptual framework for future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ari B Molofsky
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, University of California, San Francisco, 94143-0795, USA; Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, 94143-0795, USA
| | - Adam K Savage
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, San Francisco, 94143-0795, USA; Department of Microbiology & Immunology, University of California, San Francisco, 94143-0795, USA
| | - Richard M Locksley
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, San Francisco, 94143-0795, USA; Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, 94143-0795, USA; Department of Microbiology & Immunology, University of California, San Francisco, 94143-0795, USA.
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