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柴 晓, 孙 子, 李 海, 朱 靓, 刘 小, 刘 延, 裴 斐, 常 青. [Clinicopathological characteristics of the CD8 + T lymphocytes infiltration and its mechanism in distinct molecular subtype of medulloblastoma]. BEIJING DA XUE XUE BAO. YI XUE BAN = JOURNAL OF PEKING UNIVERSITY. HEALTH SCIENCES 2024; 56:512-518. [PMID: 38864138 PMCID: PMC11167556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/13/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the characteristics of the CD8+ T cells infiltration from the 4 subtypes in medulloblastoma (MB), to analyze the relationship between CD8+ T cells infiltration and prognosis, to study the function of C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 11 (CXCL11) and its receptor in CD8+ T cells infiltration into tumors and to explore the potential mechanism, and to provide the necessary clinicopathological basis for exploring the immunotherapy of MB. METHODS In the study, 48 clinical MB samples (12 cases in each of 4 subtypes) were selected from the multiple medical center from 2012 to 2019. The transcriptomics analysis for the tumor of 48 clinical samples was conducted on the NanoString PanCancer IO360TM Panel (NanoString Technologies). Immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining of formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded sections from MB was carried out using CD8 primary antibody to analyze diffe-rential quantities of CD8+ T cells in the MB four subtypes. Through bioinformatics analysis, the relationship between CD8+T cells infiltration and prognosis of the patients and the expression differences of various chemokines in the different subtypes of MB were investigated. The expression of CXCR3 receptor on the surface of CD8+T cells in MB was verified by double immunofluorescence staining, and the underlying molecular mechanism of CD8+T cells infiltration into the tumor was explored. RESULTS The characteristic index of CD8+T cells in the WNT subtype of MB was relatively high, suggesting that the number of CD8+T cells in the WNT subtype was significantly higher than that in the other three subtypes, which was confirmed by CD8 immunohistochemical staining and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database analysis by using R2 online data analysis platform. And the increase of CD8+T cells infiltration was positively correlated with the patient survival. The expression level of CXCL11 in the WNT subtype MB was significantly higher than that of the other three subtypes. Immunofluorescence staining showed the presence of CXCL11 receptor, CXCR3, on the surface of CD8+T cells, suggesting that the CD8+T cells might be attracted to the MB microenvironment by CXCL11 through CXCR3. CONCLUSION The CD8+T cells infiltrate more in the WNT subtype MB than other subtypes. The mechanism may be related to the activation of CXCL11-CXCR3 chemokine system, and the patients with more infiltration of CD8+T cells in tumor have better prognosis. This finding may provide the necessary clinicopathological basis for the regulatory mechanism of CD8+T cells infiltration in MB, and give a new potential therapeutic target for the future immunotherapy of MB.
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Affiliation(s)
- 晓东 柴
- 北京大学第三医院病理科, 北京 100191Department of Pathology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
- 北京大学基础医学院病理学系, 北京 100191Department of Pathology, Peking University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing 100191, China
| | - 子文 孙
- 北京大学第三医院病理科, 北京 100191Department of Pathology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - 海爽 李
- 北京大学第三医院病理科, 北京 100191Department of Pathology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - 靓怡 朱
- 北京大学第三医院病理科, 北京 100191Department of Pathology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - 小旦 刘
- 北京大学第三医院病理科, 北京 100191Department of Pathology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
- 北京大学基础医学院病理学系, 北京 100191Department of Pathology, Peking University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing 100191, China
| | - 延涛 刘
- 北京大学第三医院病理科, 北京 100191Department of Pathology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - 斐 裴
- 北京大学第三医院病理科, 北京 100191Department of Pathology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
- 北京大学基础医学院病理学系, 北京 100191Department of Pathology, Peking University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing 100191, China
| | - 青 常
- 北京市神经外科研究所神经病理中心, 北京 100070Department of Molecular Neuropathology, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Beijing 100070, China
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2
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Reschke R, Enk AH, Hassel JC. Chemokines and Cytokines in Immunotherapy of Melanoma and Other Tumors: From Biomarkers to Therapeutic Targets. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6532. [PMID: 38928238 PMCID: PMC11203481 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25126532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2024] [Revised: 06/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Chemokines and cytokines represent an emerging field of immunotherapy research. They are responsible for the crosstalk and chemoattraction of immune cells and tumor cells. For instance, CXCL9/10/11 chemoattract effector CD8+ T cells to the tumor microenvironment, making an argument for their promising role as biomarkers for a favorable outcome. The cytokine Interleukin-15 (IL-15) can promote the chemokine expression of CXCR3 ligands but also XCL1, contributing to an important DC-T cell interaction. Recruited cytotoxic T cells can be clonally expanded by IL-2. Delivering or inducing these chemokines and cytokines can result in tumor shrinkage and might synergize with immune checkpoint inhibition. In addition, blocking specific chemokine and cytokine receptors such as CCR2, CCR4 or Il-6R can reduce the recruitment of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) or regulatory T cells (Tregs). Efforts to target these chemokines and cytokines have the potential to personalize cancer immunotherapy further and address patients that are not yet responsive because of immune cell exclusion. Targeting cytokines such as IL-6 and IL-15 is currently being evaluated in clinical trials in combination with immune checkpoint-blocking antibodies for the treatment of metastatic melanoma. The improved overall survival of melanoma patients might outweigh potential risks such as autoimmunity. However, off-target toxicity needs to be elucidated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robin Reschke
- Department of Dermatology and National Center for Tumor Diseases, University Hospital Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), DKFZ, Core Center Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Alexander H. Enk
- Department of Dermatology and National Center for Tumor Diseases, University Hospital Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jessica C. Hassel
- Department of Dermatology and National Center for Tumor Diseases, University Hospital Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), DKFZ, Core Center Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
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3
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Kahnt AS, Häfner AK, Steinhilber D. The role of human 5-Lipoxygenase (5-LO) in carcinogenesis - a question of canonical and non-canonical functions. Oncogene 2024; 43:1319-1327. [PMID: 38575760 PMCID: PMC11065698 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-024-03016-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
5-Lipoxygenase (5-LO), a fatty acid oxygenase, is the central enzyme in leukotriene (LT) biosynthesis, potent arachidonic acid-derived lipid mediators released by innate immune cells, that control inflammatory and allergic responses. In addition, through interaction with 12- and 15-lipoxgenases, the enzyme is involved in the formation of omega-3 fatty acid-based oxylipins, which are thought to be involved in the resolution of inflammation. The expression of 5-LO is frequently deregulated in solid and liquid tumors, and there is strong evidence that the enzyme plays an important role in carcinogenesis. However, global inhibition of LT formation and signaling has not yet shown the desired success in clinical trials. Curiously, the release of 5-LO-derived lipid mediators from tumor cells is often low, and the exact mechanism by which 5-LO influences tumor cell function is poorly understood. Recent data now show that in addition to releasing oxylipins, 5-LO can also influence gene expression in a lipid mediator-independent manner. These non-canonical functions, including modulation of miRNA processing and transcription factor shuttling, most likely influence cancer cell function and the tumor microenvironment and might explain the low clinical efficacy of pharmacological strategies that previously only targeted oxylipin formation and signaling by 5-LO. This review summarizes the canonical and non-canonical functions of 5-LO with a particular focus on tumorigenesis, highlights unresolved issues, and suggests future research directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Astrid S Kahnt
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe University, Max-von-Laue-Straße 9, 60438, Frankfurt/Main, Germany.
| | - Ann-Kathrin Häfner
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe University, Max-von-Laue-Straße 9, 60438, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Dieter Steinhilber
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe University, Max-von-Laue-Straße 9, 60438, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
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4
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Qin C, Dong MH, Zhou LQ, Wang W, Cai SB, You YF, Shang K, Xiao J, Wang D, Li CR, Zhang M, Bu BT, Tian DS, Wang W. Single-cell analysis of refractory anti-SRP necrotizing myopathy treated with anti-BCMA CAR-T cell therapy. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2315990121. [PMID: 38289960 PMCID: PMC10861907 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2315990121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Immune-mediated necrotizing myopathy (IMNM) is an autoimmune disorder associated with the presence of autoantibodies, characterized by severe clinical presentation with rapidly progressive muscular weakness and elevated levels of creatine kinase, while traditional pharmacological approaches possess varying and often limited effects. Considering the pathogenic role of autoantibodies, chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cells targeting B cell maturation antigen (BCMA) have emerged as a promising therapeutic strategy. We reported here a patient with anti-signal recognition particle IMNM refractory to multiple available therapies, who was treated with BCMA-targeting CAR-T cells, exhibited favorable safety profiles, sustained reduction in pathogenic autoantibodies, and persistent clinical improvements over 18 mo. Longitudinal single-cell RNA, B cell receptor, T cell receptor sequencing analysis presented the normalization of immune microenvironment after CAR-T cell infusion, including reconstitution of B cell lineages, replacement of T cell subclusters, and suppression of overactivated immune cells. Analysis on characteristics of CAR-T cells in IMNM demonstrated a more active expansion of CD8+ CAR-T cells, with a dynamic phenotype shifting pattern similar in CD4+ and CD8+ CAR-T cells. A comparison of CD8+ CAR-T cells in patients with IMNM and those with malignancies collected at different timepoints revealed a more NK-like phenotype with enhanced tendency of cell death and neuroinflammation and inhibited proliferating ability of CD8+ CAR-T cells in IMNM while neuroinflammation might be the distinct characteristics. Further studies are warranted to define the molecular features of CAR-T cells in autoimmunity and to seek higher efficiency and longer persistence of CAR-T cells in treating autoimmune disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuan Qin
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan430030, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Neural Injury and Functional Reconstruction, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan430030, China
| | - Ming-Hao Dong
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan430030, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Neural Injury and Functional Reconstruction, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan430030, China
| | - Luo-Qi Zhou
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan430030, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Neural Injury and Functional Reconstruction, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan430030, China
| | - Wen Wang
- Nanjing IASO Biotherapeutics Ltd., Nanjing210000, China
| | - Song-Bai Cai
- Nanjing IASO Biotherapeutics Ltd., Nanjing210000, China
| | - Yun-Fan You
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan430030, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Neural Injury and Functional Reconstruction, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan430030, China
| | - Ke Shang
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan430030, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Neural Injury and Functional Reconstruction, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan430030, China
| | - Jun Xiao
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan430030, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Neural Injury and Functional Reconstruction, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan430030, China
| | - Di Wang
- Department of Hematology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan430030, China
| | - Chun-Rui Li
- Department of Hematology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan430030, China
| | - Min Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan430030, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Neural Injury and Functional Reconstruction, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan430030, China
| | - Bi-Tao Bu
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan430030, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Neural Injury and Functional Reconstruction, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan430030, China
| | - Dai-Shi Tian
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan430030, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Neural Injury and Functional Reconstruction, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan430030, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan430030, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Neural Injury and Functional Reconstruction, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan430030, China
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5
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Abstract
For our immune system to contain or eliminate malignant solid tumours, both myeloid and lymphoid haematopoietic cells must not only extravasate from the bloodstream into the tumour tissue but also further migrate to various specialized niches of the tumour microenvironment to functionally interact with each other, with non-haematopoietic stromal cells and, ultimately, with cancer cells. These interactions regulate local immune cell survival, proliferative expansion, differentiation and their execution of pro-tumour or antitumour effector functions, which collectively determine the outcome of spontaneous or therapeutically induced antitumour immune responses. None of these interactions occur randomly but are orchestrated and critically depend on migratory guidance cues provided by chemokines, a large family of chemotactic cytokines, and their receptors. Understanding the functional organization of the tumour immune microenvironment inevitably requires knowledge of the multifaceted roles of chemokines in the recruitment and positioning of its cellular constituents. Gaining such knowledge will not only generate new insights into the mechanisms underlying antitumour immunity or immune tolerance but also inform the development of biomarkers (or 'biopatterns') based on spatial tumour tissue analyses, as well as novel strategies to therapeutically engineer immune responses in patients with cancer. Here we will discuss recent observations on the role of chemokines in the tumour microenvironment in the context of our knowledge of their physiological functions in development, homeostasis and antimicrobial responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thorsten R Mempel
- Center for Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases, Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Julia K Lill
- Center for Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases, Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Lukas M Altenburger
- Center for Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases, Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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6
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Basak U, Sarkar T, Mukherjee S, Chakraborty S, Dutta A, Dutta S, Nayak D, Kaushik S, Das T, Sa G. Tumor-associated macrophages: an effective player of the tumor microenvironment. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1295257. [PMID: 38035101 PMCID: PMC10687432 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1295257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer progression is primarily caused by interactions between transformed cells and the components of the tumor microenvironment (TME). TAMs (tumor-associated macrophages) make up the majority of the invading immune components, which are further categorized as anti-tumor M1 and pro-tumor M2 subtypes. While M1 is known to have anti-cancer properties, M2 is recognized to extend a protective role to the tumor. As a result, the tumor manipulates the TME in such a way that it induces macrophage infiltration and M1 to M2 switching bias to secure its survival. This M2-TAM bias in the TME promotes cancer cell proliferation, neoangiogenesis, lymphangiogenesis, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, matrix remodeling for metastatic support, and TME manipulation to an immunosuppressive state. TAMs additionally promote the emergence of cancer stem cells (CSCs), which are known for their ability to originate, metastasize, and relapse into tumors. CSCs also help M2-TAM by revealing immune escape and survival strategies during the initiation and relapse phases. This review describes the reasons for immunotherapy failure and, thereby, devises better strategies to impair the tumor-TAM crosstalk. This study will shed light on the understudied TAM-mediated tumor progression and address the much-needed holistic approach to anti-cancer therapy, which encompasses targeting cancer cells, CSCs, and TAMs all at the same time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Udit Basak
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Bose Institute, Kolkata, India
| | - Tania Sarkar
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Bose Institute, Kolkata, India
| | - Sumon Mukherjee
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Bose Institute, Kolkata, India
| | | | - Apratim Dutta
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Bose Institute, Kolkata, India
| | - Saikat Dutta
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Bose Institute, Kolkata, India
| | - Debadatta Nayak
- Central Council for Research in Homeopathy (CCRH), New Delhi, India
| | - Subhash Kaushik
- Central Council for Research in Homeopathy (CCRH), New Delhi, India
| | - Tanya Das
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Bose Institute, Kolkata, India
| | - Gaurisankar Sa
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Bose Institute, Kolkata, India
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7
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Qualliotine JR, Nakagawa T, Rosenthal SB, Sadat S, Ballesteros-Merino C, Xu G, Mark A, Nasamran A, Gutkind JS, Fisch KM, Guo T, Fox BA, Khan Z, Molinolo AA, Califano JA. A Network Landscape of HPVOPC Reveals Methylation Alterations as Significant Drivers of Gene Expression via an Immune-Mediated GPCR Signal. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:4379. [PMID: 37686653 PMCID: PMC10486378 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15174379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/27/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
HPV-associated oropharynx carcinoma (HPVOPC) tumors have a relatively low mutational burden. Elucidating the relative contributions of other tumor alterations, such as DNA methylation alterations, alternative splicing events (ASE), and copy number variation (CNV), could provide a deeper understanding of carcinogenesis drivers in this disease. We applied network propagation analysis to multiple classes of tumor alterations in a discovery cohort of 46 primary HPVOPC tumors and 25 cancer-unaffected controls and validated our findings with TCGA data. We identified significant overlap between differential gene expression networks and all alteration classes, and this association was highest for methylation and lowest for CNV. Significant overlap was seen for gene clusters of G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) pathways. HPV16-human protein interaction analysis identified an enriched cluster defined by an immune-mediated GPCR signal, including CXCR3 cytokines CXCL9, CXCL10, and CXCL11. CXCR3 was found to be expressed in primary HPVOPC, and scRNA-seq analysis demonstrated CXCR3 ligands to be highly expressed in M2 macrophages. In vivo models demonstrated decreased tumor growth with antagonism of the CXCR3 receptor in immunodeficient but not immunocompetent mice, suggesting that the CXCR3 axis can drive tumor proliferation in an autocrine fashion, but the effect is tempered by an intact immune system. In conclusion, methylation, ASE, and SNV alterations are highly associated with network gene expression changes in HPVOPC, suggesting that ASE and methylation alterations have an important role in driving the oncogenic phenotype. Network analysis identifies GPCR networks, specifically the CXCR3 chemokine axis, as modulators of tumor-immune interactions that may have proliferative effects on primary tumors as well as a role for immunosurveillance; however, CXCR3 inhibition should be used with caution, as these agents may both inhibit and stimulate tumor growth considering the competing effects of this cytokine axis. Further investigation is needed to explore opportunities for targeted therapy in this setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesse R. Qualliotine
- Department of Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
- Gleiberman Head and Neck Cancer Center, Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Takuya Nakagawa
- Gleiberman Head and Neck Cancer Center, Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | - Sara Brin Rosenthal
- Center for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Sayed Sadat
- Gleiberman Head and Neck Cancer Center, Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | | | - Guorong Xu
- Center for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Adam Mark
- Center for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Art Nasamran
- Center for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - J. Silvio Gutkind
- Gleiberman Head and Neck Cancer Center, Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Kathleen M. Fisch
- Center for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Theresa Guo
- Department of Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
- Gleiberman Head and Neck Cancer Center, Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Bernard A. Fox
- Earle A. Chiles Research Institute, Providence Cancer Center, Portland, OR 97213, USA
| | - Zubair Khan
- Department of Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | - Alfredo A. Molinolo
- Gleiberman Head and Neck Cancer Center, Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Joseph A. Califano
- Department of Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
- Gleiberman Head and Neck Cancer Center, Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
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8
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Nealy ES, Reed SJ, Adelmund SM, Badeau BA, Shadish JA, Girard EJ, Pakiam FJ, Mhyre AJ, Price JP, Sarkar S, Kalia V, DeForest CA, Olson JM. Versatile Tissue-Injectable Hydrogels with Extended Hydrolytic Release of Bioactive Protein Therapeutics. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.09.01.554391. [PMID: 37693598 PMCID: PMC10491173 DOI: 10.1101/2023.09.01.554391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogels generally have broad utilization in healthcare due to their tunable structures, high water content, and inherent biocompatibility. FDA-approved applications of hydrogels include spinal cord regeneration, skin fillers, and local therapeutic delivery. Drawbacks exist in the clinical hydrogel space, largely pertaining to inconsistent therapeutic exposure, short-lived release windows, and difficulties inserting the polymer into tissue. In this study, we engineered injectable, biocompatible hydrogels that function as a local protein therapeutic depot with a high degree of user-customizability. We showcase a PEG-based hydrogel functionalized with bioorthogonal strain-promoted azide-alkyne cycloaddition (SPAAC) handles for its polymerization and functionalization with a variety of payloads. Small-molecule and protein cargos, including chemokines and antibodies, were site-specifically modified with hydrolysable "azidoesters" of varying hydrophobicity via direct chemical conjugation or sortase-mediated transpeptidation. These hydrolysable esters afforded extended release of payloads linked to our hydrogels beyond diffusion; with timescales spanning days to months dependent on ester hydrophobicity. Injected hydrogels polymerize in situ and remain in tissue over extended periods of time. Hydrogel-delivered protein payloads elicit biological activity after being modified with SPAAC-compatible linkers, as demonstrated by the successful recruitment of murine T-cells to a mouse melanoma model by hydrolytically released murine CXCL10. These results highlight a highly versatile, customizable hydrogel-based delivery system for local delivery of protein therapeutics with payload release profiles appropriate for a variety of clinical needs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric S. Nealy
- Seattle Children’s Research Institute, Seattle WA
- Fred Hutch Cancer Center, Seattle WA
| | | | - Steve M. Adelmund
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle WA
| | - Barry A. Badeau
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle WA
| | - Jared A. Shadish
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle WA
| | - Emily J. Girard
- Seattle Children’s Research Institute, Seattle WA
- Fred Hutch Cancer Center, Seattle WA
| | | | - Andrew J. Mhyre
- Seattle Children’s Research Institute, Seattle WA
- Fred Hutch Cancer Center, Seattle WA
| | - Jason P. Price
- Seattle Children’s Research Institute, Seattle WA
- Fred Hutch Cancer Center, Seattle WA
| | - Surojit Sarkar
- Seattle Children’s Research Institute, Seattle WA
- Department of Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle WA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle WA
| | - Vandana Kalia
- Seattle Children’s Research Institute, Seattle WA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle WA
| | - Cole A. DeForest
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle WA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle WA
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle WA
- Department of Biology, University of Washington, Seattle WA
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle WA
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle WA
- Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle WA
| | - James M. Olson
- Seattle Children’s Research Institute, Seattle WA
- Fred Hutch Cancer Center, Seattle WA
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Washington, Seattle WA
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9
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Pan M, Wei X, Xiang X, Liu Y, Zhou Q, Yang W. Targeting CXCL9/10/11-CXCR3 axis: an important component of tumor-promoting and antitumor immunity. Clin Transl Oncol 2023; 25:2306-2320. [PMID: 37076663 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-023-03126-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/21/2023]
Abstract
Chemokines are chemotactic-competent molecules composed of a family of small cytokines, playing a key role in regulating tumor progression. The roles of chemokines in antitumor immune responses are of great interest. CXCL9, CXCL10, and CXCL11 are important members of chemokines. It has been widely investigated that these three chemokines can bind to their common receptor CXCR3 and regulate the differentiation, migration, and tumor infiltration of immune cells, directly or indirectly affecting tumor growth and metastasis. Here, we summarize the mechanism of how the CXCL9/10/11-CXCR3 axis affects the tumor microenvironment, and list the latest researches to find out how this axis predicts the prognosis of different cancers. In addition, immunotherapy improves the survival of tumor patients, but some patients show drug resistance. Studies have found that the regulation of CXCL9/10/11-CXCR3 on the tumor microenvironment is involved in the process of changing immunotherapy resistance. Here we also describe new approaches to restoring sensitivity to immune checkpoint inhibitors through the CXCL9/10/11-CXCR3 axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minjie Pan
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430000, China
| | - Xiaoshan Wei
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430000, China
| | - Xuan Xiang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430000, China
| | - Yanhong Liu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430000, China
| | - Qiong Zhou
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430000, China
| | - Weibing Yang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430000, China.
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10
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Giustarini G, Teng G, Pavesi A, Adriani G. Characterization of 3D heterocellular spheroids of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma for the study of cell interactions in the tumor immune microenvironment. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1156769. [PMID: 37519820 PMCID: PMC10375712 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1156769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the deadliest malignancies nowadays. The available chemo- and immunotherapies are often ineffective in treating PDAC due to its immunosuppressive and highly desmoplastic tumor immune microenvironment (TIME), which is hardly reproduced in the existing preclinical models. The PDAC TIME results from a peculiar spatial organization between different cell types. For this reason, developing new human models recapitulating the tissue organization and cell heterogeneity of PDAC is highly desirable. We developed human 3D heterocellular tumor spheroids of PDAC formed by cancer cells, endothelial cells, pancreatic stellate cells (PSC), and monocytes. As a control, we formed spheroids using immortalized epithelial pancreatic ductal cells (non-cancerous spheroids) with cellular heterogeneity similar to the tumor spheroids. Normal spheroids containing endothelial cells formed a complex 3D endothelial network significantly compromised in tumor spheroids. Monocyte/macrophages within the 4-culture tumor spheroids were characterized by a higher expression of CD163, CD206, PD-L1, and CD40 than those in the non-cancerous spheroids suggesting their differentiation towards an immunosuppressive phenotype. The heterocellular tumor spheroids presented a hypoxic core populated with PSC and monocytes/macrophages. The 4-culture tumor spheroids were characterized by spatial proximity of PSC and monocytes to the endothelial cells and a cytokine signature with increased concentrations of CXCL10, CCL2, and IL-6, which have been observed in PDAC patients and associated with poor survival. Further, 4-culture tumor spheroids decreased the concentrations of T-cell chemoattracting cytokines, i.e., CCL4, CCL5, and CXCL9, when compared with the non-cancerous spheroids, revealing a critical immunosuppressive feature of the different types of cells forming the tumor spheroids. Our results showed that the 4-culture tumor spheroids better resembled some critical features of patients' PDAC TIME than monoculture tumor spheroids. Using the proposed human 3D spheroid model for therapy testing at the preclinical stage may reveal pitfalls of chemo- and immuno-therapies to help the development of better anti-tumor therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulio Giustarini
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (ASTAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Germaine Teng
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (ASTAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Andrea Pavesi
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (ASTAR), Singapore, Singapore
- Mechanobiology Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Giulia Adriani
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (ASTAR), Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
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11
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Aleynick M, Svensson-Arvelund J, Pantsulaia G, Kim K, Rose SA, Upadhyay R, Yellin M, Marsh H, Oreper D, Jhunjhunwala S, Moussion CC, Merad M, Brown BD, Brody JD. Pattern recognition receptor agonists in pathogen vaccines mediate antitumor T-cell cross-priming. J Immunother Cancer 2023; 11:e007198. [PMID: 37487664 PMCID: PMC10373699 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2023-007198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancer immunotherapies are generally effective in patients whose tumors contain a priori primed T-cells reactive to tumor antigens (TA). One approach to prime TA-reactive T-cells is to administer immunostimulatory molecules, cells, or pathogens directly to the tumor site, that is, in situ vaccination (ISV). We recently described an ISV using Flt3L to expand and recruit dendritic cells (DC), radiotherapy to load DC with TA, and pattern recognition receptor agonists (PRRa) to activate TA-loaded DC. While ISV trials using synthetic PRRa have yielded systemic tumor regressions, the optimal method to activate DCs is unknown. METHODS To discover optimal DC activators and increase access to clinical grade reagents, we assessed whether viral or bacterial components found in common pathogen vaccines are an effective source of natural PRRa (naPRRa). Using deep profiling (155-metric) of naPRRa immunomodulatory effects and gene editing of specific PRR, we defined specific signatures and molecular mechanisms by which naPRRa potentiate T-cell priming. RESULTS We observed that vaccine naPRRa can be even more potent in activating Flt3L-expanded murine and human DCs than synthetic PRRa, promoting cross-priming of TA-reactive T-cells. We developed a mechanistically diverse naPRRa combination (BCG, PedvaxHIB, Rabies) and noted more potent T-cell cross-priming than with any single naPRRa. The naPRRa triplet-as part of Flt3L-primed ISV-induced greater intratumoral CD8 T-cell infiltration, T-cells reactive to a newly defined tumorous neoantigen, durable tumor regressions. CONCLUSIONS This work provides rationale for the translation of pathogen vaccines as FDA-approved clinical-grade DC activators which could be exploited as immune-stimulants for early phase trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Aleynick
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
- Marc and Jennifer Lipschultz Precision Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
- Hematology and Medical Oncology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Judit Svensson-Arvelund
- Marc and Jennifer Lipschultz Precision Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
- Hematology and Medical Oncology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Gvantsa Pantsulaia
- Marc and Jennifer Lipschultz Precision Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
- Hematology and Medical Oncology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Kristy Kim
- Marc and Jennifer Lipschultz Precision Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
- Hematology and Medical Oncology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Samuel A Rose
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
- Marc and Jennifer Lipschultz Precision Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Ranjan Upadhyay
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
- Marc and Jennifer Lipschultz Precision Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
- Hematology and Medical Oncology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | | | - Henry Marsh
- Celldex Therapeutics Inc, Hampton, New Jersey, USA
| | | | | | | | - Miriam Merad
- Marc and Jennifer Lipschultz Precision Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Brian D Brown
- Marc and Jennifer Lipschultz Precision Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Joshua D Brody
- Marc and Jennifer Lipschultz Precision Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
- Hematology and Medical Oncology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
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12
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Burrack AL, Spartz EJ, Rollins MR, Miller EA, Firulyova M, Cruz E, Goldberg MF, Wang IX, Nanda H, Shen S, Zaitsev K, Stromnes IM. Cxcr3 constrains pancreatic cancer dissemination through instructing T cell fate. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2023; 72:1461-1478. [PMID: 36472588 PMCID: PMC10198906 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-022-03338-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDA) is a lethal and metastatic malignancy resistant to therapy. Elucidating how pancreatic tumor-specific T cells differentiate and are maintained in vivo could inform novel therapeutic avenues to promote T cell antitumor activity. Here, we show that the spleen is a critical site harboring tumor-specific CD8 T cells that functionally segregate based on differential Cxcr3 and Klrg1 expression. Cxcr3+ Klrg1- T cells express the memory stem cell marker Tcf1, whereas Cxcr3-Klrg1 + T cells express GzmB consistent with terminal differentiation. We identify a Cxcr3+ Klrg1+ intermediate T cell subpopulation in the spleen that is highly enriched for tumor specificity. However, tumor-specific T cells infiltrating primary tumors progressively downregulate both Cxcr3 and Klrg1 while upregulating exhaustion markers PD-1 and Lag-3. We show that antigen-specific T cell infiltration into PDA is Cxcr3 independent. Further, Cxcr3-deficiency results in enhanced antigen-specific T cell IFNγ production in primary tumors, suggesting that Cxcr3 promotes loss of effector function. Ultimately, however, Cxcr3 was critical for mitigating cancer cell dissemination following immunotherapy with CD40 agonist + anti-PD-L1 or T cell receptor engineered T cell therapy targeting mesothelin. In the absence of Cxcr3, splenic Klrg1 + GzmB + antitumor T cells wain while pancreatic cancer disseminates suggesting a role for these cells in eliminating circulating metastatic tumor cells. Intratumoral myeloid cells are poised to produce Cxcl10, whereas splenic DC subsets produce Cxcl9 following immunotherapy supporting differential roles for these chemokines on T cell differentiation. Together, our study supports that Cxcr3 mitigates tumor cell dissemination by impacting peripheral T cell fate rather than intratumoral T cell trafficking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam L Burrack
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Minnesota Medical School, 2101 6th St SE, 2-186 WMBB, Minneapolis, MN, 55414, USA
- Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, 55415, USA
| | - Ellen J Spartz
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Minnesota Medical School, 2101 6th St SE, 2-186 WMBB, Minneapolis, MN, 55414, USA
- Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, 55415, USA
| | - Meagan R Rollins
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Minnesota Medical School, 2101 6th St SE, 2-186 WMBB, Minneapolis, MN, 55414, USA
- Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, 55415, USA
| | - Ebony A Miller
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Minnesota Medical School, 2101 6th St SE, 2-186 WMBB, Minneapolis, MN, 55414, USA
- Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, 55415, USA
| | - Maria Firulyova
- Computer Technologies Laboratory, ITMO University, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Eduardo Cruz
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Minnesota Medical School, 2101 6th St SE, 2-186 WMBB, Minneapolis, MN, 55414, USA
- Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, 55415, USA
| | - Michael F Goldberg
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Minnesota Medical School, 2101 6th St SE, 2-186 WMBB, Minneapolis, MN, 55414, USA
- Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, 55415, USA
| | - Iris X Wang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Minnesota Medical School, 2101 6th St SE, 2-186 WMBB, Minneapolis, MN, 55414, USA
- Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, 55415, USA
| | - Hezkiel Nanda
- Institute for Health Informatics, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, 55414, USA
- Clinical Translational Science Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Steven Shen
- Institute for Health Informatics, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, 55414, USA
- Clinical Translational Science Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Konstantin Zaitsev
- Computer Technologies Laboratory, ITMO University, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Ingunn M Stromnes
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Minnesota Medical School, 2101 6th St SE, 2-186 WMBB, Minneapolis, MN, 55414, USA.
- Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, 55415, USA.
- Masonic Cancer Center, Minneapolis, USA.
- Center for Genome Engineering, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, 55414, USA.
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13
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Yang H, Rothenberger E, Zhao T, Fan W, Kelly A, Attaya A, Fan D, Panigrahy D, Deng J. Regulation of inflammation in cancer by dietary eicosanoids. Pharmacol Ther 2023:108455. [PMID: 37257760 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2023.108455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancer is a major burden of disease worldwide and increasing evidence shows that inflammation contributes to cancer development and progression. Eicosanoids are derived from dietary polyunsaturated fatty acids, such as arachidonic acid (AA), and are mainly produced by a series of enzymatic pathways that include cyclooxygenase (COX), lipoxygenase (LOX), and cytochrome P-450 epoxygenase (CYP). Eicosanoids consist of at least several hundred individual molecules and play important roles in the inflammatory response and inflammation-related cancers. SCOPE AND APPROACH Dietary sources of AA and biosynthesis of eicosanoids from AA through different metabolic pathways are summarized. The bioactivities of eicosanoids and their potential molecular mechanisms on inflammation and cancer are revealed. Additionally, current challenges and limitations in eicosanoid research on inflammation-related cancer are discussed. KEY FINDINGS AND CONCLUSIONS Dietary AA generates a large variety of eicosanoids, including prostaglandins, thromboxane A2, leukotrienes, cysteinyl leukotrienes, lipoxins, hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acids (HETEs), and epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs). Eicosanoids exert different bioactivities and mechanisms involved in the inflammation and related cancer developments. A deeper understanding of eicosanoid biology may be advantageous in cancer treatment and help to define cellular targets for further therapeutic development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haixia Yang
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Eva Rothenberger
- Center for Vascular Biology Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Tong Zhao
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Wendong Fan
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Abigail Kelly
- Center for Vascular Biology Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Ahmed Attaya
- Center for Vascular Biology Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Daidi Fan
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Degradable Biomedical Materials, School of Chemical Engineering, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Dipak Panigrahy
- Center for Vascular Biology Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA.
| | - Jianjun Deng
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Degradable Biomedical Materials, School of Chemical Engineering, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China; State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China.
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14
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Noda H, Suzuki J, Matsuoka Y, Matsumoto A, Kuwahara M, Kamei Y, Takada Y, Yamashita M. The histone demethylase Utx controls CD8 + T-cell-dependent antitumor immunity via epigenetic regulation of the effector function. Cancer Sci 2023. [PMID: 37068788 DOI: 10.1111/cas.15814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2022] [Revised: 03/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/19/2023] Open
Abstract
CD8+ T cells play a central role in antitumor immune responses. Epigenetic gene regulation is essential to acquire the effector function of CD8+ T cells. However, the role of Utx, a demethylase of histone H3K27, in antitumor immunity remains unclear. In this study, we examined the roles of Utx in effector CD8+ T-cell differentiation and the antitumor immune response. In a murine tumor-bearing model, an increased tumor size and decreased survival rate were observed in T-cell-specific Utx KO (Utx KO) mice compared with wild-type (WT) mice. The number of CD8+ T cells in tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) was significantly decreased in Utx KO mice. We found that the acquisition of effector function was delayed and attenuated in Utx KO CD8+ T cells. RNA sequencing revealed that the expression of effector signature genes was decreased in Utx KO effector CD8+ T cells, while the expression of naïve or memory signature genes was increased. Furthermore, the expression of Cxcr3, which is required for the migration of effector CD8+ T cells to tumor sites, was substantially decreased in Utx KO CD8+ T cells. These findings suggest that Utx promotes CD8+ T-cell-dependent antitumor immune responses partially through epigenetic regulation of the effector function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haruna Noda
- Breast Center, Ehime University Hospital, Toon, Japan
- Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery and Breast Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime University, Toon, Japan
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime University, Toon, Japan
| | - Junpei Suzuki
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime University, Toon, Japan
| | - Yuko Matsuoka
- Department of Translational Research Center, Ehime University Hospital, Toon, Japan
| | - Akira Matsumoto
- Department of Infections and Host Defenses, Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime University, Toon, Japan
| | - Makoto Kuwahara
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime University, Toon, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Kamei
- Breast Center, Ehime University Hospital, Toon, Japan
- Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery and Breast Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime University, Toon, Japan
| | - Yasutsugu Takada
- Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery and Breast Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime University, Toon, Japan
| | - Masakatsu Yamashita
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime University, Toon, Japan
- Department of Infections and Host Defenses, Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime University, Toon, Japan
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15
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Sumimoto H, Takano A, Igarashi T, Hanaoka J, Teramoto K, Daigo Y. Oncogenic epidermal growth factor receptor signal-induced histone deacetylation suppresses chemokine gene expression in human lung adenocarcinoma. Sci Rep 2023; 13:5087. [PMID: 36991099 PMCID: PMC10060241 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-32177-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-mutated (mt) lung adenocarcinoma (LA) is refractory to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). However, the mechanisms have not been fully elucidated. CD8+ T cell infiltration was significantly lower in EGFR-mt than in EGFR-wild-type LA, which was associated with suppression of chemokine expression. Since this T cell-deserted tumor microenvironment may lead to the refractoriness of ICIs against EGFR-mt LA, we investigated the mechanism by focusing on the regulation of chemokine expression. The expression of C-X-C motif ligand (CXCL) 9, 10 and 11, which constitute a gene cluster on chromosome 4, was suppressed under EGFR signaling. The assay for transposase-accessible chromatin with high-throughput sequencing (ATAC-seq) revealed open chromatin peaks near this gene cluster following EGFR-tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) treatment. The histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor recovered the expression of CXCL9, 10 and 11 in EGFR-mt LA. Nuclear HDAC activity, as well as histone H3 deacetylation, were dependent on oncogenic EGFR signaling. Furthermore, the Cleavage Under Targets and Tagmentation (CUT & Tag) assay revealed a histone H3K27 acetylation peak at 15 kb upstream of CXCL11 after treatment with EGFR-TKI, which corresponded to one of the open chromatin peaks detected by ATAC-seq. The data suggest that EGFR-HDAC axis mediates silencing of the chemokine gene cluster through chromatin conformational change, which might be relevant to the ICI resistance by creating T cell-deserted tumor microenvironment. Targeting this axis may develop a new therapeutic strategy to overcome the ICI resistance of EGFR-mt LA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hidetoshi Sumimoto
- Department of Medical Oncology and Cancer Center, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Shiga, Japan
- Center for Advanced Medicine Against Cancer, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Shiga, Japan
| | - Atsushi Takano
- Department of Medical Oncology and Cancer Center, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Shiga, Japan
- Center for Advanced Medicine Against Cancer, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Shiga, Japan
- Center for Antibody and Vaccine Therapy, Institute of Medical Science, Research Hospital, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Igarashi
- Department of Surgery, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Shiga, Japan
| | - Jun Hanaoka
- Department of Surgery, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Shiga, Japan
| | - Koji Teramoto
- Department of Medical Oncology and Cancer Center, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Shiga, Japan
- Center for Advanced Medicine Against Cancer, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Shiga, Japan
| | - Yataro Daigo
- Department of Medical Oncology and Cancer Center, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Shiga, Japan.
- Center for Advanced Medicine Against Cancer, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Shiga, Japan.
- Center for Antibody and Vaccine Therapy, Institute of Medical Science, Research Hospital, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
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16
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30-color full spectrum flow cytometry panel for deep immunophenotyping of T cell subsets in murine tumor tissue. J Immunol Methods 2023; 516:113459. [PMID: 36931458 DOI: 10.1016/j.jim.2023.113459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2022] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023]
Abstract
This 30-color full spectrum flow cytometry panel was developed and optimized for in-depth analysis T cells immunophenotype in tumor microenvironment and peripheral lymphoid organs. The panel presented here first identify the main cell subsets including myeloid cells, B cells, NKT cells, γδ T cells, CD4+ T cells and CD8+ T cells. For CD4+ T cells or CD8+ T cells, the panel includes markers for further characterization by including a selection of activation status(CD44, CD62L, CD69, Ki67, CD127, KLRG1 and CXCR3), costimulatory/co-inhibitory molecules (ICOS, OX-40, PD-1, LAG3, TIM-3, CTLA-4 and TIGIT), pro-inflammatory/anti-inflammatory cytokines (IFN-γ, TNF-α and IL-10) and cytotoxic molecules (Perforin, Granzymes B and CD107a). The panel has been tested on the tumor infiltrating T cells and corresponding spleen T cells in B16-F10 murine melanoma models.
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17
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Higuchi T, Hashida Y, Matsuo K, Kitahata K, Ujihara T, Murakami I, Nakayama T, Daibata M. EBV-positive pyothorax-associated lymphoma expresses CXCL9 and CXCL10 chemokines that attract cytotoxic lymphocytes via CXCR3. Cancer Sci 2023. [PMID: 36898851 DOI: 10.1111/cas.15782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-positive diffuse large B-cell lymphoma associated with chronic inflammation (DLBCL-CI) develops in the setting of long-standing inflammation. This type of lymphoma may have specific expression profiles of chemokines involved in the pathogenesis of DLBCL-CI. EBV-positive pyothorax-associated lymphoma (PAL) is a prototype of DLBCL-CI and represents a valuable model for the study of this disease category. Using a panel of PAL cell lines, we found that PAL cells expressed and secreted C-X-C motif chemokine ligands 9 and 10 (CXCL9 and CXCL10), the ligands of CXCR3, in contrast to EBV-negative DLBCL cell lines, which did not. Culture supernatants from PAL cell lines attracted CXCR3-expressing CD4+ T cells, CD8+ T cells, and CD56+ natural killer cells from human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. PAL cells injected into mice also attracted CXCR3-positive cytotoxic lymphocytes that expressed interferon-γ. The expression of CXCL9 and CXCL10 was detected in PAL tumor biopsy samples from patients, and CXCR3-positive lymphocytes were abundant in the tissue samples. Collectively, these findings suggest that CXCL9 and CXCL10 are produced by PAL cells and can elicit cytotoxic responses via CXCR3. This chemokine system is also likely to contribute to tissue necrosis, which is a signature histological feature of DLBCL-CI. Further studies are warranted to determine whether the CXCL9-CXCL10/CXCR3 axis exerts antitumor effects in DLBCL-CI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomonori Higuchi
- Department of Microbiology and Infection, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University, Nankoku, Japan
| | - Yumiko Hashida
- Department of Microbiology and Infection, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University, Nankoku, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Matsuo
- Division of Chemotherapy, Kindai University Faculty of Pharmacy, Higashi-Osaka, Japan
| | - Kosuke Kitahata
- Division of Chemotherapy, Kindai University Faculty of Pharmacy, Higashi-Osaka, Japan
| | - Takako Ujihara
- Department of Microbiology and Infection, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University, Nankoku, Japan
- Science Research Center, Kochi University, Nankoku, Japan
| | - Ichiro Murakami
- Department of Pathology, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University, Nankoku, Japan
| | - Takashi Nakayama
- Division of Chemotherapy, Kindai University Faculty of Pharmacy, Higashi-Osaka, Japan
| | - Masanori Daibata
- Department of Microbiology and Infection, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University, Nankoku, Japan
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Xue S, Su XM, Ke LN, Huang YG. CXCL9 correlates with antitumor immunity and is predictive of a favorable prognosis in uterine corpus endometrial carcinoma. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1077780. [PMID: 36845675 PMCID: PMC9945585 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1077780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The C-X-C motif chemokine ligand-9 (CXCL9) is related to the progression of multiple neoplasms. Yet, its biological functions in uterine corpus endometrioid carcinoma (UCEC) remain shrouded in confusion. Here, we assessed the prognostic significance and potential mechanism of CXCL9 in UCEC. Methods Firstly, bioinformatics analysis of the public cancer database, including the Cancer Genome Atlas / the Genotype-Tissue Expression project (TCGA+ GTEx, n=552) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO): GSE63678 (n=7), were utilized for the CXCL9 expression-related analysis in UCEC. Then, the survival analysis of TCGA-UCEC was performed. Futher, the gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) was carried out to reveal the potential molecular signaling pathway in UCEC associated with CXCL9 expression. Moreover, the immunohistochemistry (IHC) assay of our validation cohort (n=124) from human specimens were used to demonstrate the latent significance of CXCL9 in UCEC. Results The bioinformatics analysis suggested that CXCL9 expression was significantly upregulated in UCEC patients; and hyper-expression of CXCL9 was related to prolonged survival. the GSEA enrichment analysis showed various immune response-related pathways, including T/NK cell, lymphocyte activation, cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction network, and chemokine signaling pathway, mediated by CXCL9. In addition, the cytotoxic molecules (IFNG, SLAMF7, JCHAIN, NKG7, GBP5, LYZ, GZMA, GZMB, and TNF3F9) and the immunosuppressive genes (including PD-L1) were positively related to the expression of CXCL9. Further, the IHC assay indicated that the CXCL9 protein expression was mainly located in intertumoral and significantly upregulated in the UCEC patients; UCEC with high intertumoral CXCL9 cell abundance harbored an improved prognosis; a higher ratio of anti-tumor immune cells (CD4+, CD8+, and CD56+ cell) and PD-L1 was found in UCEC with CXCL9 high expression. Conclusion Overexpressed CXCL9 correlates with antitumor immunity and is predictive of a favorable prognosis in UCEC. It hinted that CXCL9 may serve as an independent prognostic biomarker or therapeutic target in UCEC patients, which augmented anti-tumor immune effects to furnish survival benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shen Xue
- Department of obstetrics and gynecology, Sinopharm Dongfeng General Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Xiao-min Su
- Department of Immunology, Nankai University School of Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Li-na Ke
- Department of obstetrics and gynecology, Sinopharm Dongfeng General Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China,*Correspondence: Yu-gang Huang, ; Li-na Ke,
| | - Yu-gang Huang
- Department of Pathology, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China,*Correspondence: Yu-gang Huang, ; Li-na Ke,
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Ai D, Wang M, Zhang Q, Cheng L, Wang Y, Liu X, Xia LC. Regularized survival learning and cross-database analysis enabled identification of colorectal cancer prognosis-related immune genes. Front Genet 2023; 14:1148470. [PMID: 36911403 PMCID: PMC9995717 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1148470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Colon adenocarcinoma is the most common type of colorectal cancer. The prognosis of advanced colorectal cancer patients who received treatment is still very poor. Therefore, identifying new biomarkers for prognosis prediction has important significance for improving treatment strategies. However, the power of biomarker analyses was limited by the used sample size of individual database. In this study, we combined Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx) and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) databases to expand the number of healthy tissue samples. We screened differentially expressed genes between the GTEx healthy samples and TCGA tumor samples. Subsequently, we applied least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression and multivariate Cox analysis to identify nine prognosis-related immune genes: ANGPTL4, IDO1, NOX1, CXCL3, LTB4R, IL1RL2, CD72, NOS2, and NUDT6. We computed the risk scores of samples based on the expression levels of these genes and divided patients into high- and low-risk groups according to this risk score. Survival analysis results showed a significant difference in survival rate between the two risk groups. The high-risk group had a significantly lower overall survival rate and poorer prognosis. We found the receiver operating characteristic based on the risk score was showed to accurately predict patients' prognosis. These prognosis-related immune genes may be potential biomarkers for colorectal cancer diagnosis and treatment. Our open-source code is freely available from GitHub at https://github.com/gutmicrobes/Prognosis-model.git.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongmei Ai
- School of Mathematics and Physics, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, China
| | - Mingmei Wang
- School of Mathematics and Physics, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, China
| | - Qingchuan Zhang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Agri-Product Quality Traceability, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China
| | - Longwei Cheng
- School of Mathematics and Physics, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, China
| | - Yishu Wang
- School of Mathematics and Physics, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, China
| | - Xiuqin Liu
- School of Mathematics and Physics, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, China
| | - Li C Xia
- School of Mathematics, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
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20
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Sun Y, Yang M, Zhang Q. Analysis of C-X-C motif chemokine receptors in breast cancer: potential value in immunotherapy and prognostic prediction. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2022; 10:1379. [PMID: 36660642 PMCID: PMC9843366 DOI: 10.21037/atm-22-6056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Background The concept of individualized therapy has advanced the development of prognostic biomarkers to manage patients with breast cancer (BRCA). Immunotherapy has shown great potential in treating BRCA, and the C-X-C motif chemokine receptor (CXCR) has generated interest in regulating tumor progression through the immune microenvironment. Although CXCRs were utilized for prognosis prediction in glioma with favourable capability, the prognostic and therapeutic role of CXCR in BRCA is unclear. Methods We used The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database to analyze 1,095 BRCA patients' transcription, mutation, survival time and survival status. Estimation of STromal and Immune cells in MAlignant Tumor tissues using Expression data (ESTIMATE), Cell-type Identification by Estimating Relative Subsets of RNA Transcripts (CIBERSORT), quanTIseq, and Estimating the Proportion of Immune and Cancer cells (EPIC) algorithms were performed to infer the association of CXCR genes with immune cells. We randomly divided the TCGA dataset into a training set and a validation set according to 1:1, constructed a LASSO Cox regression model based on CXCR family genes using the glmnet R package in the training set, assembled clinical variables to draw a visual Nomogram using the R package rms, and validated the model by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, calibration curves with clinical decision curves in the validation set efficacy. Results Compared to normal samples, CXCR3/4/5 messenger RNA (mRNA) expression levels were upregulated in BRCA samples, whereas CXCR1/2 mRNA expression levels were downregulated. High CXCR3/5/6 expression was associated with a good prognosis. Subsequently, we divided the CXCRs into 2 molecular subgroups based on their expression patterns and explored prognosis, immune infiltration, functional enrichment, hallmarks, and immune response differentiation between the two subgroups. After LASSO Cox regression modeling, a CXCR score predicting overall survival (OS) was constructed, and the predictive accuracy was assessed. By pooling clinical variables, a nomogram individual risk assessment method was established to measure the identification of genuinely high-risk patients who should receive interventions. Conclusions In summary, CXCR genes were associated with immune infiltration and survival in BRCA patients, and our CXCR-based prognostic model could better predict the prognosis of BRCA patients and provide potential immunotherapy targets for clinical purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutian Sun
- Department of Medical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Ming Yang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Qingyuan Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China;,Institute of Cancer Prevention and Treatment, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China;,Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Harbin, China
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21
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Roussot N, Ghiringhelli F, Rébé C. Tumor Immunogenic Cell Death as a Mediator of Intratumor CD8 T-Cell Recruitment. Cells 2022; 11:cells11223672. [PMID: 36429101 PMCID: PMC9688834 DOI: 10.3390/cells11223672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The success of anticancer treatments relies on a long-term response which can be mediated by the immune system. Thus, the concept of immunogenic cell death (ICD) describes the capacity of dying cancer cells, under chemotherapy or physical stress, to express or release danger-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs). These DAMPs are essential to activate dendritic cells (DCs) and to stimulate an antigen presentation to CD8 cytotoxic cells. Then, activated CD8 T cells exert their antitumor effects through cytotoxic molecules, an effect which is transitory due to the establishment of a feedback loop leading to T-cell exhaustion. This phenomenon can be reversed using immune checkpoint blockers (ICBs), such as anti-PD-1, PD-L1 or CTLA-4 Abs. However, the blockade of these checkpoints is efficient only if the CD8 T cells are recruited within the tumor. The CD8 T-cell chemoattraction is mediated by chemokines. Hence, an important question is whether the ICD can not only influence the DC activation and resulting CD8 T-cell activation but can also favor the chemokine production at the tumor site, thus triggering their recruitment. This is the aim of this review, in which we will decipher the role of some chemokines (and their specific receptors), shown to be released during ICD, on the CD8 T-cell recruitment and antitumor response. We will also analyze the clinical applications of these chemokines as predictive or prognostic markers or as new targets which should be used to improve patients' response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Roussot
- Cancer Biology Transfer Platform, Centre Georges-François Leclerc, F-21000 Dijon, France
- Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche INSERM LNC-UMR1231, F-21000 Dijon, France
- UFR Sciences de Santé, University Bourgogne Franche-Comté, F-21000 Dijon, France
- Department of Medical Oncology, Centre Georges-François Leclerc, F-21000 Dijon, France
| | - François Ghiringhelli
- Cancer Biology Transfer Platform, Centre Georges-François Leclerc, F-21000 Dijon, France
- Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche INSERM LNC-UMR1231, F-21000 Dijon, France
- UFR Sciences de Santé, University Bourgogne Franche-Comté, F-21000 Dijon, France
- Department of Medical Oncology, Centre Georges-François Leclerc, F-21000 Dijon, France
- Genetic and Immunology Medical Institute, F-21000 Dijon, France
- Correspondence: (F.G.); (C.R.)
| | - Cédric Rébé
- Cancer Biology Transfer Platform, Centre Georges-François Leclerc, F-21000 Dijon, France
- Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche INSERM LNC-UMR1231, F-21000 Dijon, France
- UFR Sciences de Santé, University Bourgogne Franche-Comté, F-21000 Dijon, France
- Correspondence: (F.G.); (C.R.)
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Shi X, Yu L, Huang R, Bao W, Wu S, Wu Z. Identification of a 5-Methylcytosine Site (mC-7) That May Inhibit CXCL11 Expression and Regulate E. coli F18 Susceptibility in IPEC-J2 Cells. Vet Sci 2022; 9:vetsci9110600. [PMID: 36356076 PMCID: PMC9698616 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci9110600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Revised: 10/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The primary pathogen causing post-weaning diarrhea in piglets is Escherichia coli F18 (E. coli F18), hence it is essential to investigate the mechanism governing E. coli F18 resistance in native pig breeds. Based on the previous RNA-seq results of the duodenum from E. coli F18-resistant and -susceptible Meishan piglets, CXCL11, an important functional gene, was preliminarily screened. In this investigation, in order to further examine the expression regulation mechanism of E. coli F18 in intestinal porcine epithelial cells (IPEC-J2) against E. coli F18 infection, CXCL11 gene expression on IPEC-J2 cells infected by E. coli F18 was detected, which was significantly downregulated (p < 0.01). Secondly, the overexpression on the IPEC-J2 cell line was successfully structured, and a relative quantification method of the PILIN, bacteria enumeration, and immunofluorescence assay indicated that the CXCL11 overexpression significantly reduced the ability of E. coli F18 to interact with IPEC-J2 in vitro. The promoter region of the CXCL11 gene was predicted to contain a CpG island (−619 ~ −380 bp) of which 13 CpG sites in the sequencing region were methylated to varying degrees, and the methylation level of one CPG site (mC-7) positively linked negatively with the expression of the CXCL11 gene (p < 0.05). Meanwhile, a dual luciferase assay detected the mutation of the mC-7 site that significantly inhibited the luciferase activity of the CXCL11 gene promoter (p < 0.01). Transcription factor prediction and expression verification indicated that mC-7 is located in the OSR1-binding domain, and that its expression level is related to E. coli F18 susceptibility. We speculated that methylation modification of the mC-7 site of the CpG island in the promoter region of the CXCL11 gene might inhibit the binding of transcription factor OSR1 with the mC-7 site, and then affect its expression level to regulate the susceptibility to E. coli F18.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoru Shi
- Key Laboratory for Animal Genetics, Breeding, Reproduction and Molecular Design of Jiangsu Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Luchen Yu
- Key Laboratory for Animal Genetics, Breeding, Reproduction and Molecular Design of Jiangsu Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Rufeng Huang
- Key Laboratory for Animal Genetics, Breeding, Reproduction and Molecular Design of Jiangsu Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Wenbin Bao
- Key Laboratory for Animal Genetics, Breeding, Reproduction and Molecular Design of Jiangsu Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture & Agri-Product Safety, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Shenglong Wu
- Key Laboratory for Animal Genetics, Breeding, Reproduction and Molecular Design of Jiangsu Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture & Agri-Product Safety, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Correspondence: (S.W.); (Z.W.)
| | - Zhengchang Wu
- Key Laboratory for Animal Genetics, Breeding, Reproduction and Molecular Design of Jiangsu Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Correspondence: (S.W.); (Z.W.)
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23
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Kim HJ, Park JH, Kim HC, Kim CW, Kang I, Lee HK. Blood monocyte-derived CD169 + macrophages contribute to antitumor immunity against glioblastoma. Nat Commun 2022; 13:6211. [PMID: 36266311 PMCID: PMC9585054 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-34001-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Infiltrating tumor-associated macrophages (TAM) are known to impede immunotherapy against glioblastoma (GBM), however, TAMs are heterogeneous, and there are no clear markers to distinguish immunosuppressive and potentially immune-activating populations. Here we identify a subset of CD169+ macrophages promoting an anti-tumoral microenvironment in GBM. Using single-cell transcriptome analysis, we find that CD169+ macrophages in human and mouse gliomas produce pro-inflammatory chemokines, leading to the accumulation of T cells and NK cells. CD169 expression on macrophages facilitates phagocytosis of apoptotic glioma cells and hence tumor-specific T cell responses. Depletion of CD169+ macrophages leads to functionally impaired antitumor lymphocytes and poorer survival of glioma-bearing mice. We show that NK-cell-derived IFN-γ is critical for the accumulation of blood monocyte-derived CD169+ macrophages in gliomas. Our work thus identifies a well-distinguished TAM subset promoting antitumor immunity against GBM, and identifies key factors that might shift the balance from immunosuppressive to anti-tumor TAM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun-Jin Kim
- grid.37172.300000 0001 2292 0500Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141 Republic of Korea
| | - Jang Hyun Park
- grid.37172.300000 0001 2292 0500Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141 Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeon Cheol Kim
- grid.37172.300000 0001 2292 0500Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141 Republic of Korea
| | - Chae Won Kim
- grid.37172.300000 0001 2292 0500Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141 Republic of Korea
| | - In Kang
- grid.37172.300000 0001 2292 0500Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141 Republic of Korea
| | - Heung Kyu Lee
- grid.37172.300000 0001 2292 0500Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141 Republic of Korea
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Galizia D, Minei S, Maldi E, Chilà G, Polidori A, Merlano MC. How Risk Factors Affect Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma (HNSCC) Tumor Immune Microenvironment (TIME): Their Influence on Immune Escape Mechanisms and Immunotherapy Strategy. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10102498. [PMID: 36289760 PMCID: PMC9599463 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10102498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Revised: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Most head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCCs) are caused by lifestyle, such as cigarette smoking, or by viruses, such as human papillomavirus (HPV) and Epstein–Barr virus (EBV). HNSCC remains a clinical challenge, notwithstanding the improvements observed in the past years, involving surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy. Recurrent/metastatic (R/M) disease represents an unmet clinical need. Immunotherapy has improved the prognosis of a small proportion of these patients, but most still do not benefit. In the last decade, several preclinical and clinical studies have explored the HNSCC tumor immune microenvironment (TIME), identifying important differences between smoking-associated and virus-associated HNSCCs. This review aims to present how different etiologies affect the HNSCC TIME, affecting immune escape mechanisms and sensitivity to immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danilo Galizia
- Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, 10060 Candiolo, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Silvia Minei
- Post-Graduate School of Specialization in Medical Oncology, University of Bari ‘A. Moro’, 70120 Bari, Italy
- Division of Medical Oncology, A.O.U. Consorziale Policlinico di Bari, 70120 Bari, Italy
| | - Elena Maldi
- Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, 10060 Candiolo, Italy
| | - Giovanna Chilà
- Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, 10060 Candiolo, Italy
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The Impact of Resolution of Inflammation on Tumor Microenvironment: Exploring New Ways to Control Cancer Progression. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14143333. [PMID: 35884394 PMCID: PMC9316558 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14143333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The evolution of cancer is strongly influenced by the context in which tumor cells develop and grow, known as the tumor microenvironment (TME). The TME is constituted of a set of cells with different natures, which can produce various factors or interact with cancer cells, thus favoring or inhibiting cancer growth. Specific factors with the ability to shape the TME, in order to create an unfavorable context for tumor cells, are the Specialized Pro-resolving Mediators (SPMs). SPMs are small lipid molecules derived from ω-3 and ω-6 fatty acids, exerting the physiologic role of dampening the inflammatory responses and helping tissues to regain their homeostasis after insults. Here, we present the knowledge relative to the action of SPMs on each component of the TME and its effects on tumor growth and progression. These summarized findings highlight novel potential strategies to manage cancer progression. Abstract Non-resolving inflammation is an enabling feature of cancer. A novel super-family of lipid mediators termed Specialized Pro-resolving Mediators (SPMs) have a role as bioactive molecules mediating the resolution of inflammation in cancer biology. SPMs are derived from ω-3 and ω-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids through the activity of lipoxygenases. SPMs have been described to directly modulate cancer progression by interfering with the epithelial to mesenchymal transition and invasion of cancer cells. SPMs have also been demonstrated to act on several components of the tumor microenvironment (TME). Consistently with their natural immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory properties, SPMs are able to reprogram macrophages to favor phagocytosis of cell debris, which are an important source of pro-inflammatory and pro-angiogenic signals; sustain a direct cytotoxic immune response against cancer cells; stimulate neutrophils anti-tumor activities; and inhibit the development of regulatory T and B cells, thus indirectly leading to enhanced anti-tumor immunity. Furthermore, the resolution pathways exert crucial anti-angiogenic functions in lung, liver, and gastrointestinal cancers, and inhibit cancer-associated fibroblast differentiation and functions in hepatocellular carcinoma and pancreatic cancer. The present review will be focused on the potential protective effects of resolution pathways against cancer, exerted by modulating different components of the TME.
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Xu R, Du S, Zhu J, Meng F, Liu B. Neoantigen-targeted TCR-T cell therapy for solid tumors: How far from clinical application. Cancer Lett 2022; 546:215840. [DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2022.215840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Revised: 07/09/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Martín-Otal C, Navarro F, Casares N, Lasarte-Cía A, Sánchez-Moreno I, Hervás-Stubbs S, Lozano T, Lasarte JJ. Impact of tumor microenvironment on adoptive T cell transfer activity. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2022; 370:1-31. [PMID: 35798502 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ircmb.2022.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Recent advances in immunotherapy have revolutionized the treatment of cancer. The use of adoptive cell therapies (ACT) such as those based on tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) or genetically modified cells (transgenic TCR lymphocytes or CAR-T cells), has shown impressive results in the treatment of several types of cancers. However, cancer cells can exploit mechanisms to escape from immunosurveillance resulting in many patients not responding to these therapies or respond only transiently. The failure of immunotherapy to achieve long-term tumor control is multifactorial. On the one hand, only a limited percentage of the transferred lymphocytes is capable of circulating through the bloodstream, interacting and crossing the tumor endothelium to infiltrate the tumor. Metabolic competition, excessive glucose consumption, the high level of lactic acid secretion and the extracellular pH acidification, the shortage of essential amino acids, the hypoxic conditions or the accumulation of fatty acids in the tumor microenvironment (TME), greatly hinder the anti-tumor activity of the immune cells in ACT therapy strategies. Therefore, there is a new trend in immunotherapy research that seeks to unravel the fundamental biology that underpins the response to therapy and identifies new approaches to better amplify the efficacy of immunotherapies. In this review we address important aspects that may significantly affect the efficacy of ACT, indicating also the therapeutic alternatives that are currently being implemented to overcome these drawbacks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Celia Martín-Otal
- Program of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Cima Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Flor Navarro
- Program of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Cima Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Noelia Casares
- Program of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Cima Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Aritz Lasarte-Cía
- Program of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Cima Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Inés Sánchez-Moreno
- Program of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Cima Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Sandra Hervás-Stubbs
- Program of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Cima Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Teresa Lozano
- Program of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Cima Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.
| | - Juan José Lasarte
- Program of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Cima Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain.
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Zhou Z, Zhao Y, Chen S, Cui G, Fu W, Li S, Lin X, Hu H. Cisplatin Promotes the Efficacy of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Therapy by Inducing Ferroptosis and Activating Neutrophils. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:870178. [PMID: 35784745 PMCID: PMC9240830 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.870178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The combination of immunotherapy with platinum-based chemotherapy has become the first-line treatment for patients with advanced non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with negative driver gene mutations. However, finding an ideal chemotherapeutic regimen for immunotherapy and exploring the underlying mechanism have noticeably attracted clinicians’ attention. In this study, we found that cisplatin induced ferroptosis of tumor cells, followed by N1 neutrophil polarization in the tumor microenvironment, which in turn remodeled the “cold” tumor to a “hot” one through enhancing T-cell infiltration and Th1 differentiation. Based on the important role of tumor ferroptosis in the immune-promoting effect of cisplatin, we noticed that the combination of a ferroptosis activator showed a synergistic effect with chemoimmunotherapy of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-mutant NSCLC, which would be an effective strategy to overcome immunotherapy resistance in NSCLC patients harboring driver mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziwei Zhou
- Department of Oncology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yiming Zhao
- Department of Oncology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Phase I Clinical Trial Centre, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Si Chen
- Department of Oncology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guohui Cui
- Department of Oncology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenkui Fu
- Department of Oncology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shouying Li
- Department of Oncology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaorong Lin
- Department of Oncology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Diagnosis and Treatment Center of Breast Diseases, Shantou Central Hospital, Shantou, China
- *Correspondence: Xiaorong Lin, ; Hai Hu,
| | - Hai Hu
- Department of Oncology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Xiaorong Lin, ; Hai Hu,
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Du W, Nair P, Johnston A, Wu PH, Wirtz D. Cell Trafficking at the Intersection of the Tumor-Immune Compartments. Annu Rev Biomed Eng 2022; 24:275-305. [PMID: 35385679 PMCID: PMC9811395 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-bioeng-110320-110749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Migration is an essential cellular process that regulates human organ development and homeostasis as well as disease initiation and progression. In cancer, immune and tumor cell migration is strongly associated with immune cell infiltration, immune escape, and tumor cell metastasis, which ultimately account for more than 90% of cancer deaths. The biophysics and molecular regulation of the migration of cancer and immune cells have been extensively studied separately. However, accumulating evidence indicates that, in the tumor microenvironment, the motilities of immune and cancer cells are highly interdependent via secreted factors such as cytokines and chemokines. Tumor and immune cells constantly express these soluble factors, which produce a tightly intertwined regulatory network for these cells' respective migration. A mechanistic understanding of the reciprocal regulation of soluble factor-mediated cell migration can provide critical information for the development of new biomarkers of tumor progression and of tumor response to immuno-oncological treatments. We review the biophysical andbiomolecular basis for the migration of immune and tumor cells and their associated reciprocal regulatory network. We also describe ongoing attempts to translate this knowledge into the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenxuan Du
- Institute for NanoBiotechnology Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, and Johns Hopkins Physical Sciences Oncology Center, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Praful Nair
- Institute for NanoBiotechnology Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, and Johns Hopkins Physical Sciences Oncology Center, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Adrian Johnston
- Institute for NanoBiotechnology Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, and Johns Hopkins Physical Sciences Oncology Center, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Pei-Hsun Wu
- Institute for NanoBiotechnology Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, and Johns Hopkins Physical Sciences Oncology Center, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Denis Wirtz
- Institute for NanoBiotechnology Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, and Johns Hopkins Physical Sciences Oncology Center, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA,Department of Oncology, Department of Pathology, and Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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30
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Zeng H, Tong F, Bin Y, Peng L, Gao X, Xia X, Yi X, Dong X. The Predictive Value of PAK7 Mutation for Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors Therapy in Non-Small Cell Cancer. Front Immunol 2022; 13:834142. [PMID: 35242138 PMCID: PMC8886445 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.834142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background To date, immunotherapy has improved the 5-year survival rate of patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) from 4% to 15%. However, only 30%-50% of the NSCLC patients respond to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) immunotherapy. Therefore, screening patients for potential benefit with precise biomarkers may be of great value. Methods First, an immunotherapy NSCLC cohort was analyzed to identify the gene mutations associated with the prognosis of ICI treatment. Further analyses were conducted using NSCLC cohort in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) project to validate the correlations between the specific gene mutations and tumor immunogenicity, antitumor immunity, and alterations in the tumor-related pathways using Cell-type Identification By Estimating Relative Subsets Of RNA Transcripts (CIBERSORT) and Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA). Results In the immunotherapy NSCLC cohort (n = 266), significantly longer overall survival (OS) rates were observed in the PAK7-mutant type (PAK7-MT) group (n = 13) than the PAK7-wild type (PAK7-WT) group (n = 253) (P = 0.049, HR = 0.43, 95%CI = 0.23-0.79). In the TCGA cohort, PAK7 mutations were correlated with the higher tumor mutation burden (TMB) (14.18 vs. 7.13, P <0.001), increased neoantigen load (NAL) (7.52 vs. 4.30, P <0.001), lower copy number variation (CNV), and higher mutation rate in the DNA damage response (DDR)-related pathways. In addition, PAK7 mutations were also positively correlated with immune-related genes expressions and infiltrating CD8+ T cells (0.079 vs. 0.054, P = 0.005). GSEA results showed that several tumor-related pathways varied in the PAK7-MT group, suggesting the potential mechanisms that regulate the tumor immune-microenvironment. Conclusions This study suggested that the PAK7 mutations might be a potential biomarker to predict the efficacy of immunotherapy for NSCLC patients. Considering the heterogeneity among the patients and other confounding factors, a prospective clinical trial is proposed to further validate the impact of PAK7 mutation on the immunotherapy outcomes in NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Zeng
- Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Fan Tong
- Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yawen Bin
- Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ling Peng
- Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xuan Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Research and Development Department, GenePlus- Shenzhen Clinical Laboratory, ShenZhen, China
| | - Xuefeng Xia
- Research and Development Department, Geneplus-Beijing Clinical Laboratory, Beijing, China
| | - Xin Yi
- Research and Development Department, Geneplus-Beijing Clinical Laboratory, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaorong Dong
- Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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31
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A novel aptamer-based small RNA delivery platform and its application to cancer therapy. Genes Dis 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2022.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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32
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Dai W, Zhang J, Li S, He F, Liu Q, Gong J, Yang Z, Gong Y, Tang F, Wang Z, Xie C. Protein Arginine Methylation: An Emerging Modification in Cancer Immunity and Immunotherapy. Front Immunol 2022; 13:865964. [PMID: 35493527 PMCID: PMC9046588 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.865964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, protein arginine methyltransferases (PRMTs) have emerged as new members of a gene expression regulator family in eukaryotes, and are associated with cancer pathogenesis and progression. Cancer immunotherapy has significantly improved cancer treatment in terms of overall survival and quality of life. Protein arginine methylation is an epigenetic modification function not only in transcription, RNA processing, and signal transduction cascades, but also in many cancer-immunity cycle processes. Arginine methylation is involved in the activation of anti-cancer immunity and the regulation of immunotherapy efficacy. In this review, we summarize the most up-to-date information on regulatory molecular mechanisms and different underlying arginine methylation signaling pathways in innate and adaptive immune responses during cancer. We also outline the potential of PRMT-inhibitors as effective combinatorial treatments with immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weijing Dai
- Department of Radiation and Medical Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jianguo Zhang
- Department of Radiation and Medical Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Siqi Li
- Department of Radiation and Medical Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Fajian He
- Department of Radiation and Medical Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Qiao Liu
- Department of Radiation and Medical Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jun Gong
- Department of Radiation and Medical Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Cancer Clinical Study Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zetian Yang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yan Gong
- Department of Biological Repositories, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Tumor Precision Diagnosis and Treatment Technology and Translational Medicine, Hubei Engineering Research Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Fang Tang
- Department of Radiation and Medical Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Cancer Clinical Study Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- *Correspondence: Fang Tang, ; Conghua Xie, ; Zhihao Wang, ;
| | - Zhihao Wang
- Department of Radiation and Medical Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Cancer Clinical Study Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- *Correspondence: Fang Tang, ; Conghua Xie, ; Zhihao Wang, ;
| | - Conghua Xie
- Department of Radiation and Medical Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Cancer Clinical Study Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- *Correspondence: Fang Tang, ; Conghua Xie, ; Zhihao Wang, ;
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Liu J, Yao L, Huang S, Wang B, Li L, Li L, Gu W, Xiao S, Liu G. AMG487 inhibits PRRSV replication and ameliorates lung injury in pig lung xenografts by down-regulating the expression of ANXA2. Antiviral Res 2022; 202:105314. [DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2022.105314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Revised: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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张 晓, 张 晓, 刘 鹏, 刘 阔, 李 文, 陈 倩, 马 万. [Prognostic implications and functional enrichment analysis of LTB4R in patients with acute myeloid leukemia]. NAN FANG YI KE DA XUE XUE BAO = JOURNAL OF SOUTHERN MEDICAL UNIVERSITY 2022; 42:309-320. [PMID: 35426793 PMCID: PMC9010981 DOI: 10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2022.03.01] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the expression patterns, prognostic implications, and biological role of leukotriene B4 receptor (LTB4R) in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML). METHODS We collected the data of mRNA expression levels and clinical information of patients with AML from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database for mRNA expression analyses, survival analyses, Cox regression analyses and correlation analyses using R studio to assess the expression patterns and prognostic value of LTB4R. The correlation of LTB4R expression levels with clinical characteristics of the patients were analyzed using UALCAN. The co-expressed genes LTB4R were screened from Linkedomics and subjected to functional enrichment analysis. A protein-protein interaction network was constructed using STRING. GSEA analyses of the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were performed based on datasets from TCGA-LAML stratified by LTB4R expression level. We also collected peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from AML patients and healthy donors for examination of the mRNA expression levels of LTB4R and immune checkpoint genes using qRT-PCR. We also examined serum LTB4R protein levels in the patients using ELISA. RESULTS The mRNA expression level of LTB4R was significantly increased in AML patients (4.898±1.220 vs 2.252±0.215, P < 0.001), and an elevated LTB4R expression level was correlated with a poor overall survival (OS) of the patients (P=0.004, HR=1.74). LTB4R was identified as an independent prognostic factor for OS (P=0.019, HR=1.66) and was associated with FAB subtypes, cytogenetic risk, karyotype abnormalities and NPM1 mutations. The co- expressed genes of LTB4R were enriched in the functional pathways closely associated with AML leukemogenesis, including neutrophil inflammation, lymphocyte activation, signal transduction, and metabolism. The DEGs were enriched in differentiation, activation of immune cells, and cytokine signaling. Examination of the clinical serum samples also demonstrated significantly increased expressions of LTB4R mRNA (P=0.044) and protein (P=0.008) in AML patients, and LTB4R mRNA expression was positively correlated with the expression of the immune checkpoint HAVCR2 (r= 0.466, P=0.040). CONCLUSION LTB4R can serve as a novel biomarker and independent prognostic indicator of AML and its expression patterns provide insights into the crosstalk of leukemogenesis signaling pathways involving tumor immunity and metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- 晓宁 张
- 山东第一医科大学第一附属医院(山东省千佛山医院)检验医学//山东省医药卫生临床检验诊断学重点实验室,山东 济南 250014Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong Medicine and Health Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Jinan 250014, China
| | - 晓瑜 张
- 济南市第五人民医院肾内科,山东 济南 250022Department of Nephrology, Fifth People's Hospital of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China
| | - 鹏 刘
- 山东第一医科大学第一附属医院(山东省千佛山医院)检验医学//山东省医药卫生临床检验诊断学重点实验室,山东 济南 250014Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong Medicine and Health Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Jinan 250014, China
| | - 阔 刘
- 山东第一医科大学第一附属医院(山东省千佛山医院)检验医学//山东省医药卫生临床检验诊断学重点实验室,山东 济南 250014Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong Medicine and Health Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Jinan 250014, China
| | - 文文 李
- 山东第一医科大学第一附属医院(山东省千佛山医院)检验医学//山东省医药卫生临床检验诊断学重点实验室,山东 济南 250014Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong Medicine and Health Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Jinan 250014, China
| | - 倩倩 陈
- 山东第一医科大学第一附属医院(山东省千佛山医院)检验医学//山东省医药卫生临床检验诊断学重点实验室,山东 济南 250014Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong Medicine and Health Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Jinan 250014, China
| | - 万山 马
- 山东第一医科大学第一附属医院(山东省千佛山医院)检验医学//山东省医药卫生临床检验诊断学重点实验室,山东 济南 250014Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong Medicine and Health Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Jinan 250014, China
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Abstract
CAR-T cell therapy has been heralded as a breakthrough in the field of immunotherapy, but to date, this success has been limited to hematological malignancies. By harnessing the chemokine system and taking into consideration the chemokine expression profile in the tumor microenvironment, CAR-T cells may be homed into tumors to facilitate direct tumor cell cytolysis and overcome a major hurdle in generating effective CAR-T cell responses to solid cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jade Foeng
- Chemokine Biology Laboratory, Department of Molecular and Biomedical Science, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
- Carina Biotech, Innovation and Collaboration Centre, The University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
| | - Iain Comerford
- Chemokine Biology Laboratory, Department of Molecular and Biomedical Science, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
| | - Shaun R. McColl
- Chemokine Biology Laboratory, Department of Molecular and Biomedical Science, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
- Carina Biotech, Innovation and Collaboration Centre, The University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
- Corresponding author
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36
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Dyck L, Prendeville H, Raverdeau M, Wilk MM, Loftus RM, Douglas A, McCormack J, Moran B, Wilkinson M, Mills EL, Doughty M, Fabre A, Heneghan H, LeRoux C, Hogan A, Chouchani ET, O’Shea D, Brennan D, Lynch L. Suppressive effects of the obese tumor microenvironment on CD8 T cell infiltration and effector function. J Exp Med 2022; 219:e20210042. [PMID: 35103755 PMCID: PMC8932531 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20210042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Revised: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is one of the leading preventable causes of cancer; however, little is known about the effects of obesity on anti-tumor immunity. Here, we investigated the effects of obesity on CD8 T cells in mouse models and patients with endometrial cancer. Our findings revealed that CD8 T cell infiltration is suppressed in obesity, which was associated with a decrease in chemokine production. Tumor-resident CD8 T cells were also functionally suppressed in obese mice, which was associated with a suppression of amino acid metabolism. Similarly, we found that a high BMI negatively correlated with CD8 infiltration in human endometrial cancer and that weight loss was associated with a complete pathological response in six of nine patients. Moreover, immunotherapy using anti-PD-1 led to tumor rejection in lean and obese mice and partially restored CD8 metabolism and anti-tumor immunity. These findings highlight the suppressive effects of obesity on CD8 T cell anti-tumor immunity, which can partially be reversed by weight loss and/or immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lydia Dyck
- School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Hannah Prendeville
- School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Mathilde Raverdeau
- School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Mieszko M. Wilk
- School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Roisin M. Loftus
- School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Aaron Douglas
- School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Janet McCormack
- Research Pathology Core Facility, Conway Institute, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Bruce Moran
- Department of Pathology, St. Vincent’s University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Michael Wilkinson
- University College Dublin Gynaecological Oncology Group, University College Dublin School of Medicine, Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Evanna L. Mills
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Michael Doughty
- Department of Cellular Pathology, Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Aurelie Fabre
- Department of Pathology, St. Vincent’s University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Helen Heneghan
- School of Medicine, St. Vincent's University Hospital and University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Carel LeRoux
- School of Medicine, St. Vincent's University Hospital and University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Andrew Hogan
- Human Health Institute, Department of Biology, Maynooth University, Maynooth, Ireland
- National Children’s Research Centre, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Edward T. Chouchani
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Donal O’Shea
- School of Medicine, St. Vincent's University Hospital and University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Donal Brennan
- University College Dublin Gynaecological Oncology Group, University College Dublin School of Medicine, Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
- Systems Biology Ireland, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Lydia Lynch
- School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
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Mesenchymal stromal cells equipped by IFNα empower T cells with potent anti-tumor immunity. Oncogene 2022; 41:1866-1881. [PMID: 35145233 PMCID: PMC8956510 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-022-02201-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Revised: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Cancer treatments have been revolutionized by the emergence of immune checkpoint blockade therapies. However, only a minority of patients with various tumor types have benefited from such treatments. New strategies focusing on the immune contexture of the tumor tissue microenvironment hold great promises. Here, we created IFNα-overexpressing mesenchymal stromal cells (IFNα-MSCs). Upon direct injection into tumors, we found that these cells are powerful in eliminating several types of tumors. Interestingly, the intra-tumoral injection of IFNα-MSCs could also induce specific anti-tumor effects on distant tumors. These IFNα-MSCs promoted tumor cells to produce CXCL10, which in turn potentiates the infiltration of CD8+ T cells in the tumor site. Furthermore, IFNα-MSCs enhanced the expression of granzyme B (GZMB) in CD8+ T cells and invigorated their cytotoxicity in a Stat3-dependent manner. Genetic ablation of Stat3 in CD8+ T cells impaired the effect of IFNα-MSCs on GZMB expression. Importantly, the combination of IFNα-MSCs and PD-L1 blockade induced an even stronger anti-tumor immunity. Therefore, IFNα-MSCs represent a novel tumor immunotherapy strategy, especially when combined with PD-L1 blockade.
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Chen Y, Jin Y, Hu X, Chen M. Infiltrating T lymphocytes in the tumor microenvironment of small cell lung cancer: a state of knowledge review. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2022; 148:881-895. [PMID: 34997864 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-021-03895-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/19/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have brought new hope for the treatment of patients with small cell lung cancer (SCLC) over the past decades. However, the overall response rate is limited, and is lower than that in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). This is in part because of the lack of pre-existing tumor-infiltrating T lymphocytes (TITLs), especially cytotoxic T cells (CTLs), in the SCLC tumor microenvironment (TME), resulting in insufficient anti-tumor immune response. To unleash the full potential of ICIs, the trafficking and infiltration of TITLs to the tumor is necessary and tightly regulated, the highly immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment blunts the infiltration and function of TITLs that reach the tumor in SCLC. Here, we review the characteristics of TITLs, the effects of various factors on T cell infiltration, and possible strategies to restore or promote T cell infiltration in the TME of SCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yamei Chen
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310022, China
| | - Ying Jin
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310022, China.,Department of Medical Oncology, The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310022, China
| | - Xiao Hu
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310022, China. .,Department of Radiation Oncology, The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Hangzhou, 310022, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Ming Chen
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310022, China. .,Department of Radiation Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China.
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Kohli K, Pillarisetty VG, Kim TS. Key chemokines direct migration of immune cells in solid tumors. Cancer Gene Ther 2022; 29:10-21. [PMID: 33603130 PMCID: PMC8761573 DOI: 10.1038/s41417-021-00303-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 177] [Impact Index Per Article: 88.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Revised: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Immune cell infiltration into solid tumors, their movement within the tumor microenvironment (TME), and interaction with other immune cells are controlled by their directed migration towards gradients of chemokines. Dysregulated chemokine signaling in TME favors the growth of tumors, exclusion of effector immune cells, and abundance of immunosuppressive cells. Key chemokines directing the migration of immune cells into tumor tissue have been identified. In this review, we discuss well-studied chemokine receptors that regulate migration of effector and immunosuppressive immune cells in the context of cancer immunology. We discuss preclinical models that have described the role of respective chemokine receptors in immune cell migration into TME and review preclinical and clinical studies that target chemokine signaling as standalone or combination therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karan Kohli
- grid.34477.330000000122986657University of Washington, Department of Surgery, Seattle, WA USA
| | - Venu G. Pillarisetty
- grid.34477.330000000122986657University of Washington, Department of Surgery, Seattle, WA USA
| | - Teresa S. Kim
- grid.34477.330000000122986657University of Washington, Department of Surgery, Seattle, WA USA
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Xu C, Marelli B, Qi J, Qin G, Yu H, Wang H, Jenkins MH, Lo KM, Lan Y. NHS-IL12 and bintrafusp alfa combination therapy enhances antitumor activity in preclinical cancer models. Transl Oncol 2021; 16:101322. [PMID: 34954456 PMCID: PMC8718653 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2021.101322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Revised: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Combination therapy induced both adaptive and innate antitumor immunity. Combination therapy significantly enhanced antitumor activity. Combination therapy generated tumor antigen specific immune memory. Bintrafusp alfa mediated the reduction of lung metastases.
Combinatorial immunotherapy approaches are emerging as viable cancer therapeutic strategies for improving patient responses and outcomes. This study investigated whether two such immunotherapies, with complementary mechanisms of action, could enhance antitumor activity in murine tumor models. The immunocytokine NHS-IL12, and surrogate NHS-muIL12, are designed to deliver IL-12 and muIL-12, respectively, to the tumor microenvironment (TME) to activate NK cells and CD8+ T cells and increase their cytotoxic functions. Bintrafusp alfa (BA) is a bifunctional fusion protein composed of the extracellular domains of the TGF-β receptor II to function as a TGF-β “trap” fused to a human IgG1 antibody blocking PD-L1. With this dual-targeting strategy, BA enhances efficacy over that of monotherapies in preclinical studies. In this study, NHS-muIL12 and BA combination therapy enhanced antitumor activity, prolonged survival, and induced tumor-specific antitumor immunity. This combination therapy increased tumor-specific CD8+ T cells and induced immune profiles, consistent with the activation of both adaptive and innate immune systems. In addition, BA reduced lung metastasis in the 4T1 model. Collectively, these findings could support clinical trials designed to investigate NHS-IL12 and BA combination therapy for patients with advanced solid tumors
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunxiao Xu
- EMD Serono Research and Development Institute, Inc, 45 Middlesex Turnpike, Billerica, MA 01821, USA.
| | - Bo Marelli
- EMD Serono Research and Development Institute, Inc, 45 Middlesex Turnpike, Billerica, MA 01821, USA
| | - Jin Qi
- EMD Serono Research and Development Institute, Inc, 45 Middlesex Turnpike, Billerica, MA 01821, USA
| | - Guozhong Qin
- EMD Serono Research and Development Institute, Inc, 45 Middlesex Turnpike, Billerica, MA 01821, USA
| | - Huakui Yu
- EMD Serono Research and Development Institute, Inc, 45 Middlesex Turnpike, Billerica, MA 01821, USA
| | - Hong Wang
- EMD Serono Research and Development Institute, Inc, 45 Middlesex Turnpike, Billerica, MA 01821, USA
| | - Molly H Jenkins
- EMD Serono Research and Development Institute, Inc, 45 Middlesex Turnpike, Billerica, MA 01821, USA
| | - Kin-Ming Lo
- EMD Serono Research and Development Institute, Inc, 45 Middlesex Turnpike, Billerica, MA 01821, USA
| | - Yan Lan
- EMD Serono Research and Development Institute, Inc, 45 Middlesex Turnpike, Billerica, MA 01821, USA.
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41
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Mitsuhashi A, Kondoh K, Horikawa K, Koyama K, Nguyen NT, Afroj T, Yoneda H, Otsuka K, Ogino H, Nokihara H, Shinohara T, Nishioka Y. Programmed death (PD)-1/PD-ligand 1 blockade mediates antiangiogenic effects by tumor-derived CXCL10/11 as a potential predictive biomarker. Cancer Sci 2021; 112:4853-4866. [PMID: 34628702 PMCID: PMC8645761 DOI: 10.1111/cas.15161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Revised: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) programmed death (PD)-1/PD-ligand 1 (PD-L1) blockade has been approved for various cancers. However, the underlying antitumor mechanisms mediated by ICIs and the predictive biomarkers remain unclear. We report the effects of anti-PD-L1/PD-1 Ab in tumor angiogenesis. In syngeneic mouse models, anti-PD-L1 Ab inhibited tumor angiogenesis and induces net-like hypoxia only in ICI-sensitive cell lines. In tumor tissue and serum of ICI-sensitive cell line-bearing mice, interferon-γ (IFN-γ) inducible angiostatic chemokines CXCL10/11 were upregulated by PD-L1 blockade. In vitro, CXCL10/11 gene upregulation by IFN-γ stimulation in tumor cell lines correlated with the sensitivity of PD-L1 blockade. The CXCL10/11 receptor CXCR3-neutralizing Ab or CXCL11 silencing in tumor cells inhibited the antiangiogenic effect of PD-L1 blockade in vivo. In pretreatment serum of lung carcinoma patients receiving anti-PD-1 Ab, the concentration of CXCL10/11 significantly correlated with the clinical outcome. Our results indicate the antiangiogenic function of PD-1/PD-L1 blockade and identify tumor-derived CXCL10/11 as a potential circulating biomarker of therapeutic sensitivity.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- B7-H1 Antigen/antagonists & inhibitors
- B7-H1 Antigen/metabolism
- Biomarkers, Tumor/metabolism
- Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/drug therapy
- Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/metabolism
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Chemokine CXCL10/genetics
- Chemokine CXCL10/metabolism
- Chemokine CXCL11/genetics
- Chemokine CXCL11/metabolism
- HEK293 Cells
- Humans
- Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors/pharmacology
- Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors/therapeutic use
- Interferon-gamma/metabolism
- Lung Neoplasms/drug therapy
- Lung Neoplasms/metabolism
- Male
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Inbred CBA
- Mice, Nude
- Neoplasms, Experimental/blood supply
- Neoplasms, Experimental/drug therapy
- Neoplasms, Experimental/metabolism
- Neovascularization, Pathologic/metabolism
- Neovascularization, Pathologic/prevention & control
- Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor/antagonists & inhibitors
- Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor/metabolism
- RNA Interference
- Mice
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsushi Mitsuhashi
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and RheumatologyGraduate School of Biomedical SciencesTokushima UniversityTokushimaJapan
| | - Kensuke Kondoh
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and RheumatologyGraduate School of Biomedical SciencesTokushima UniversityTokushimaJapan
| | - Kazuki Horikawa
- Department of Optical ImagingGraduate School of Biomedical SciencesTokushima UniversityTokushimaJapan
| | - Kazuya Koyama
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and RheumatologyGraduate School of Biomedical SciencesTokushima UniversityTokushimaJapan
| | - Na Thi Nguyen
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and RheumatologyGraduate School of Biomedical SciencesTokushima UniversityTokushimaJapan
| | - Tania Afroj
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and RheumatologyGraduate School of Biomedical SciencesTokushima UniversityTokushimaJapan
| | - Hiroto Yoneda
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and RheumatologyGraduate School of Biomedical SciencesTokushima UniversityTokushimaJapan
| | - Kenji Otsuka
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and RheumatologyGraduate School of Biomedical SciencesTokushima UniversityTokushimaJapan
| | - Hirokazu Ogino
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and RheumatologyGraduate School of Biomedical SciencesTokushima UniversityTokushimaJapan
| | - Hiroshi Nokihara
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and RheumatologyGraduate School of Biomedical SciencesTokushima UniversityTokushimaJapan
| | - Tsutomu Shinohara
- Department of Community Medicine for RespirologyGraduate School of Biomedical SciencesTokushima UniversityTokushimaJapan
| | - Yasuhiko Nishioka
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and RheumatologyGraduate School of Biomedical SciencesTokushima UniversityTokushimaJapan
- Department of Community Medicine for RheumatologyGraduate School of Biomedical SciencesTokushima UniversityTokushimaJapan
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42
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Wang JJ, Siu MKY, Jiang YX, Leung THY, Chan DW, Wang HG, Ngan HYS, Chan KKL. A Combination of Glutaminase Inhibitor 968 and PD-L1 Blockade Boosts the Immune Response against Ovarian Cancer. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11121749. [PMID: 34944392 PMCID: PMC8698585 DOI: 10.3390/biom11121749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Revised: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Programmed cell death 1 ligand (PD-L1) blockade has been used therapeutically in the treatment of ovarian cancer, and potential combination treatment approaches are under investigation to improve the treatment response rate. The increased dependence on glutamine is widely observed in various type of tumors, including ovarian cancer. Kidney-type glutaminase (GLS), as one of the isotypes of glutaminase, is found to promote tumorigenesis. Here, we have demonstrated that the combined treatment with GLS inhibitor 968 and PD-L1 blockade enhances the immune response against ovarian cancer. Survival analysis using the Kaplan–Meier plotter dataset from ovarian cancer patients revealed that the expression level of GLS predicts poor survival and correlates with the immunosuppressive microenvironment of ovarian cancer. 968 inhibits the proliferation of ovarian cancer cells and enhances granzyme B secretion by CD8+ T cells as detected by XTT assay and flow cytometry, respectively. Furthermore, 968 enhances the apoptosis-inducing ability of CD8+ T cells toward cancer cells and improves the treatment effect of anti-PD-L1 in treating ovarian cancer as assessed by Annexin V apoptosis assay. In vivo studies demonstrated the prolonged overall survival upon combined treatment of 968 with anti-PD-L1 accompanied by increased granzyme B secretion by CD4+ and CD8+ T cells isolated from ovarian tumor xenografts. Additionally, 968 increases the infiltration of CD3+ T cells into tumors, possibly through enhancing the secretion of CXCL10 and CXCL11 by tumor cells. In conclusion, our findings provide a novel insight into ovarian cancer cells influence the immune system in the tumor microenvironment and highlight the potential clinical implication of combination of immune checkpoints with GLS inhibitor 968 in treating ovarian cancer.
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43
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Sullivan PM, Reed SJ, Kalia V, Sarkar S. Solid Tumor Microenvironment Can Harbor and Support Functional Properties of Memory T Cells. Front Immunol 2021; 12:706150. [PMID: 34867942 PMCID: PMC8632651 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.706150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Robust T cell responses are crucial for effective anti-tumor responses and often dictate patient survival. However, in the context of solid tumors, both endogenous T cell responses and current adoptive T cell therapies are impeded by the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME). A multitude of inhibitory signals, suppressive immune cells, metabolites, hypoxic conditions and limiting nutrients are believed to render the TME non-conducive to sustaining productive T cell responses. In this study we conducted an in-depth phenotypic and functional comparison of tumor-specific T cells and tumor-nonspecific bystander memory T cells within the same TME. Using two distinct TCR transgenic and solid-tumor models, our data demonstrate that despite exposure to the same cell-extrinsic factors of the TME, the tumor-nonspecific bystander CD8 T cells retain the complete panoply of memory markers, and do not share the same exhaustive phenotype as tumor-reactive T cells. Compared to tumor-specific T cells, bystander memory CD8 T cells in the TME also retain functional effector cytokine production capabilities in response to ex vivo cognate antigenic stimulation. Consistent with these results, bystander memory T cells isolated from tumors showed enhanced recall responses to secondary bacterial challenge in a T cell transplant model. Importantly, the tumor-resident bystander memory cells could also efficiently utilize the available resources within the TME to elaborate in situ recall effector functions following intra-tumoral peptide antigen injection. Additionally, CRISPR-Cas9 gene deletion studies showed that CXCR3 was critical for the trafficking of both tumor antigen-specific and bystander memory T cells to solid tumors. Collectively, these findings that T cells can persist and retain their functionality in distinct solid tumor environments in the absence of cognate antigenic stimulation, support the notion that persistent antigenic signaling is the central driver of T cell exhaustion within the TME. These studies bear implications for programming more efficacious TCR- and CAR-T cells with augmented therapeutic efficacy and longevity through regulation of antigen and chemokine receptors.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology
- Cytokines/biosynthesis
- Immunophenotyping
- Immunotherapy, Adoptive
- Lymphocytes, Tumor-Infiltrating/immunology
- Memory T Cells/immunology
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Transgenic
- Models, Immunological
- Neoplasms, Experimental/immunology
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell/genetics
- Receptors, CXCR3/immunology
- Receptors, Chimeric Antigen/immunology
- Tumor Microenvironment/immunology
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter M. Sullivan
- Ben Towne Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Seattle Children’s Research Institute, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Steven James Reed
- Ben Towne Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Seattle Children’s Research Institute, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Vandana Kalia
- Ben Towne Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Seattle Children’s Research Institute, Seattle, WA, United States
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
- *Correspondence: Surojit Sarkar, Vandana Kalia,
| | - Surojit Sarkar
- Ben Towne Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Seattle Children’s Research Institute, Seattle, WA, United States
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
- Department of Pathology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, United States
- *Correspondence: Surojit Sarkar, Vandana Kalia,
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44
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Le PT, Ha N, Tran NK, Newman AG, Esselen KM, Dalrymple JL, Schmelz EM, Bhandoola A, Xue HH, Singh PB, Thai TH. Targeting Cbx3/HP1γ Induces LEF-1 and IL-21R to Promote Tumor-Infiltrating CD8 T-Cell Persistence. Front Immunol 2021; 12:738958. [PMID: 34721405 PMCID: PMC8549513 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.738958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) relieves CD8+ T-cell exhaustion in most mutated tumors, and TCF-1 is implicated in converting progenitor exhausted cells to functional effector cells. However, identifying mechanisms that can prevent functional senescence and potentiate CD8+ T-cell persistence for ICB non-responsive and resistant tumors remains elusive. We demonstrate that targeting Cbx3/HP1γ in CD8+ T cells augments transcription initiation and chromatin remodeling leading to increased transcriptional activity at Lef1 and Il21r. LEF-1 and IL-21R are necessary for Cbx3/HP1γ-deficient CD8+ effector T cells to persist and control ovarian cancer, melanoma, and neuroblastoma in preclinical models. The enhanced persistence of Cbx3/HP1γ-deficient CD8+ T cells facilitates remodeling of the tumor chemokine/receptor landscape ensuring their optimal invasion at the expense of CD4+ Tregs. Thus, CD8+ T cells heightened effector function consequent to Cbx3/HP1γ deficiency may be distinct from functional reactivation by ICB, implicating Cbx3/HP1γ as a viable cancer T-cell-based therapy target for ICB resistant, non-responsive solid tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phuong T Le
- Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Ngoc Ha
- Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Ngan K Tran
- Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Andrew G Newman
- Institute of Cell and Neurobiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Katharine M Esselen
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - John L Dalrymple
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Eva M Schmelz
- Department of Human Nutrition, Food, and Exercise, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, United States
| | - Avinash Bhandoola
- Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Hai-Hui Xue
- Center for Discovery and Innovation, Hackensack University Medical Center, Nutley, NJ, United States
| | - Prim B Singh
- Nazarbayev University School of Medicine, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan
| | - To-Ha Thai
- Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States.,Cancer Research Institute, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
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45
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Long S, Ji S, Xiao K, Xue P, Zhu S. Prognostic and immunological value of LTB4R in pan-cancer. MATHEMATICAL BIOSCIENCES AND ENGINEERING : MBE 2021; 18:9336-9356. [PMID: 34814348 DOI: 10.3934/mbe.2021459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND LTB4 receptor 1 (LTB4R), as the high affinity leukotriene B4 receptor, is rapidly revealing its function in malignancies. However, it is still uncertain. METHODS We investigated the expression pattern and prognostic significance of LTB4R in pan-cancer across different databases, including ONCOMINE, PrognoScan, GEPIA, and Kaplan-Meier Plotter, in this study. Meanwhile, we explored the significance of LTB4R in tumor metastasis by HCMDB. Then functional enrichment analysis of related genes was performed using GeneMANIA and DAVID. Lastly, utilizing the TIMER datasets, we looked into the links between LTB4R expression and immune infiltration in malignancies. RESULTS In general, tumor tissue displayed higher levels of LTB4R expression than normal tissue. Although LTB4R had a negative influence on pan-cancer, a high expression level of LTB4R was protective of LIHC (liver hepatocellular carcinoma) patients' survival. There was no significant difference in the distribution of LTB4R between non-metastatic and metastatic tumors. Based on Gene Set Enrichment Analysis, LTB4R was implicated in pathways involved in inflammation, immunity, metabolism, and cancer diseases. The correlation between immune cells and LTB4R was found to be distinct across cancer types. Furthermore, markers of infiltrating immune cells, such as Treg, T cell exhaustion and T helper cells, exhibited different LTB4R-related immune infiltration patterns. CONCLUSION The LTB4R is associated with immune infiltrates and can be used as a prognostic biomarker in pan-cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sidan Long
- Department of Oncology, Wangjing Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100102, China
- Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Shuangshuang Ji
- Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Kunmin Xiao
- Department of Oncology, Wangjing Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100102, China
- Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Peng Xue
- Department of Oncology, Wangjing Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100102, China
| | - Shijie Zhu
- Department of Oncology, Wangjing Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100102, China
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46
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Reschke R, Yu J, Flood B, Higgs EF, Hatogai K, Gajewski TF. Immune cell and tumor cell-derived CXCL10 is indicative of immunotherapy response in metastatic melanoma. J Immunother Cancer 2021; 9:jitc-2021-003521. [PMID: 34593622 PMCID: PMC8487215 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2021-003521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
A T cell-inflamed tumor microenvironment is characterized by the accumulation and local activation of CD8+ T cells and Bat3-lineage dendritic cells, which together are associated with clinical response to anti-programmed cell death protein 1 (anti-PD-1)-based immunotherapy. Preclinical models have demonstrated a crucial role for the chemokine CXCL10 in the recruitment of effector CD8+ T cells into the tumor site, and a chemokine gene signature is also seen in T cell-inflamed tumors from patients. However, the cellular source of CXCL10 in human solid tumors is not known. To identify the cellular source of CXCL10 we analyzed 22 pretreatment biopsy samples of melanoma metastases from patients who subsequently underwent checkpoint blockade immunotherapy. We stained for CD45+ and Sox10+ cells with multiparameter immunofluorescence staining, and RNA in situ hybridization technology was used in concert to identify CXCL10 transcripts. The results were correlated with the expression levels of CXCL10 transcripts from bulk RNA sequencing and the best overall response to immune checkpoint inhibition (anti-PD-1 alone or with anti-CTLA-4) in the same patients. We identified CD45+ cells as the major cellular source for CXCL10 in human melanoma metastases, with additional CXCL10 production seen by Sox10+ cells. Up to 90% of CD45+ cells and up to 69% of Sox10+ cells produced CXCL10 transcripts. The CXCL10 staining result was consistent with the level of CXCL10 expression determined by bulk RNA sequencing. The percentages of CD45+ CXCL10+ cells and Sox10+ CXCL10+ cells independently predicted response (p<0.001). The average number of transcripts per cell correlated with the CD45+ cell infiltrate (R=0.37). Immune cells and melanoma cells produce CXCL10 in human melanoma metastases. Intratumoral CXCL10 is a positive prognostic factor for response to immunotherapy, and the RNAscope technique is achievable using paraffin tissue. Strategies that support effector T cell recruitment via induction of CXCL10 should be considered as a mechanism-based intervention to expand immunotherapy efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robin Reschke
- Department of Pathology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Jovian Yu
- Department of Medicine, Section of Hematology/Oncology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Blake Flood
- Department of Pathology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Emily F Higgs
- Department of Pathology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Ken Hatogai
- Department of Pathology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA.,Department of Medicine, Section of Hematology/Oncology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Thomas F Gajewski
- Department of Pathology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA .,Department of Medicine, Section of Hematology/Oncology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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47
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Irradiation Mediates IFNα and CXCL9 Expression in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer to Stimulate CD8 + T Cells Activity and Migration toward Tumors. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9101349. [PMID: 34680466 PMCID: PMC8533192 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9101349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Revised: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Irradiation-broken DNA fragments increase type I interferon and chemokines secretion in tumor cells. Since radiotherapy may augment tumor immunotherapy, we hypothesize that the chemokines increased by irradiation could recruit CD8+ T cells to suppress tumor proliferation. This study intended to unveil the secreted factors activating and recruiting CD8+ T cells in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). EGFR-positive A549 was selected and treated by X-irradiation (IR) to identify the overexpression of chemokines associated to CD8+ T cell cytotoxicity and recruitment. A transwell assay with Alexa 488-labeled CD8+ T cells was used to evaluate CD8+ T cell motility in vitro. A nuclear imaging platform by In111-labeled nivolumab was used to track CD8+ T cells homing to tumors in vivo. The activation markers GZMB, PRF-1, and IFNγ, migration marker CD183 (CXCR3), and inhibitory marker CD274 (PD-1), were measured and compared in CD8+ T cells with A549 co-cultured, chemokines treated, and patients with late-stage lung cancer. We found that IR not only suppressed A549 proliferation but also induced IFNα and CXCL9 expression (p < 0.05). IFNα majorly increased IFNγ levels in CD8+ T cells (p < 0.05) and synergistically with CXCL9 enhanced CD8+ T cell migration in vitro (p < 0.05). We found that CXCR3 and PD-1 were down-regulated and up-regulated, respectively, in the peripheral blood CD8+ T cells in patients with lung cancer (n = 4 vs. healthy n = 3, both p < 0.05), which exhibited reduction of cell motility (p < 0.05). The in vivo nuclear imaging data indicated highly CD8+ T cells migrated to A549-induced tumors. In addition, we demonstrated that healthy PBMCs significantly suppressed the parallel tumor growth (p < 0.05) and the radioresistant tumor growth in the tumor xenograft mice (p < 0.05), but PBMCs from patients with lung cancer had lost the anti-tumor capacity. We demonstrated that IR induced IFNα and CXCL9 expression in A549 cells, leading to CD8+ T cell migration. This study unveiled a potential mechanism for radiotherapy to activate and recruit CD8+ T cells to suppress lung tumors.
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48
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Decalf J, Tom J, Mai E, Hernandez-Barry H, Noland CL, Vollmar BS, Li A, Li H, Xie D, Zhu L, Payandeh J, Wu C, Comps-Agrar L, Moussion C, Albert ML, Song A. A novel method to produce synthetic murine CXCL10 for efficient screening of functional variants. Bioorg Chem 2021; 116:105376. [PMID: 34560560 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2021.105376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Revised: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Antitumor immune responses depend on the infiltration of solid tumors by effector T cells, a process guided by chemokines. In particular, the chemokine CXCL10 has been shown to play a critical role in mediating recruitment of CXCR3 + cytolytic T and NK cells in tumors, though its use as a therapeutic agent has not been widely explored. One of the limitations is due to the rapid inactivation of CXCL10 by dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP4), a broadly expressed enzyme that is active in plasma and other bodily fluids. In the present study, we describe a novel method to produce synthetic CXCL10 that is resistant to DPP4 N-terminal truncation. Using a Fmoc solid-phase peptide synthesis approach, synthetic murine WT CXCL10 was produced, showing similar biochemical and biological properties to the recombinant protein. This synthesis method supported production of natural (amino acid substitution, insertion or deletion) and non-natural (chemical modifications) variants of CXCL10. In association with a functional screening cascade that assessed DPP4-mediated cleavage, CXCR3 signaling potency and chemotactic activity, we successfully generated 20 murine CXCL10 variants. Among those, two non-natural variants with N-methylated Leu3 (MeLeu3) and a reduced amide bond between Pro2 and Leu3 (rLeu3), respectively, showed resistance to DPP4 truncation but decreased CXCR3 signaling and chemotactic activity. Interestingly, MeLeu3 and rLeu3 CXCL10 behaved as DPP4 inhibitors, preventing the truncation of WT CXCL10. This study highlights the potential of using Fmoc solid-phase chemistry in association with biochemical and biological characterization to rapidly identify CXCL10 variants with desired properties. These novel methods unlock the opportunity to develop DPP4 resistant CXCL10 variants, as well as other chemokine substrates, while maintaining chemotactic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jérémie Decalf
- Department of Cancer Immunology, Genentech Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA.
| | - Jeffrey Tom
- Department of Early Discovery Biochemistry, Genentech Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Elaine Mai
- Department of Biochemical and Cellular Pharmacology, Genentech Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Hilda Hernandez-Barry
- Department of Biochemical and Cellular Pharmacology, Genentech Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Cameron L Noland
- Department of Structural Biology, Genentech Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Breanna S Vollmar
- Department of Protein Chemistry, Genentech Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Alice Li
- Department of Protein Chemistry, Genentech Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Hong Li
- Department of Protein Chemistry, Genentech Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Daniel Xie
- TideMed Pharma, Room 1-1115, No. 291, Fucheng Road, Hangzhou Qiantang New Area, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Lunchao Zhu
- TideMed Pharma, Room 1-1115, No. 291, Fucheng Road, Hangzhou Qiantang New Area, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Jian Payandeh
- Department of Structural Biology, Genentech Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Cong Wu
- Department of Biochemical and Cellular Pharmacology, Genentech Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Laetitia Comps-Agrar
- Department of Biochemical and Cellular Pharmacology, Genentech Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Christine Moussion
- Department of Cancer Immunology, Genentech Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Matthew L Albert
- Department of Cancer Immunology, Genentech Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA; Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Insitro, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Aimin Song
- Department of Early Discovery Biochemistry, Genentech Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA.
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49
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Contribution of CXCR3-mediated signaling in the metastatic cascade of solid malignancies. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2021; 1876:188628. [PMID: 34560199 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2021.188628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Metastasis is a significant cause of the mortality resulting from solid malignancies. The process of metastasis is complex and is regulated by numerous cancer cell-intrinsic and -extrinsic factors. CXCR3 is a chemokine receptor that is frequently expressed by cancer cells, endothelial cells and immune cells. CXCR3A signaling in cancer cells tends to promote the invasive and migratory phenotype of cancer cells. Indirectly, CXCR3 modulates the anti-tumor immune response resulting in variable effects that can permit or inhibit metastatic progression. Finally, the activity of CXCR3B in endothelial cells is generally angiostatic, which limits the access of cancer cells to key conduits to secondary sites. However, the interaction of these activities within a tumor and the presence of opposing CXCR3 splice variants clouds the picture of the role of CXCR3 in metastasis. Consequently, thorough analysis of the contributions of CXCR3 to cancer metastasis is necessary. This review is an in-depth examination of the involvement of CXCR3 in the metastatic process of solid malignancies.
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50
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Zhao H, Chen Y, Shen P, Gong L. Construction and validation of a novel prognostic signature for uveal melanoma based on five metabolism-related genes. MATHEMATICAL BIOSCIENCES AND ENGINEERING : MBE 2021; 18:8045-8063. [PMID: 34814288 DOI: 10.3934/mbe.2021399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Uveal melanoma (UM) is the most aggressive intraocular tumor worldwide. Accurate prognostic models are urgently needed. The present research aimed to construct and validate a prognostic signature is associated with overall survival (OS) for UM patients based on metabolism-related genes (MRGs). METHODS MRGs were obtained from molecular signature database (MSigDB). The gene expression profiles and patient clinical data were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. In the training datasets, MRGs were analyzed through univariate Cox regression analyses and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) Cox analyses to build a prognostic model. The GSE84976 was treated as the validation cohort. In addition, time-dependent receiver operating characteristic (ROC) and Kaplan-Meier survival curve analyses the reliability of the developed model. Then, gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) was used for gene enrichment analysis. Nomogram that combined the five-gene signature was used to evaluate the predictive OS value of UM patients. RESULTS Five MRGs were identified and used to establish the prognostic model for UM patients. The model was successfully validated using the testing cohort. Moreover, ROC analysis demonstrated a strong predictive ability that our prognostic signature had for UM prognosis. Multivariable Cox regression analysis revealed that the risk model was an independent predictor of prognosis. UM patients with a high-risk score showed a higher level of immune checkpoint molecules. CONCLUSION We established a novel metabolism-related signature that could predict survival and might be therapeutic targets for the treatment of UM patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Zhao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eye, Ear, Nose, and Throat Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Laboratory of Myopia, NHC Key Laboratory of Myopia (Fudan University), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yun Chen
- Department of Stomatology, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Peijun Shen
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Henan, China
| | - Lan Gong
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eye, Ear, Nose, and Throat Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Laboratory of Myopia, NHC Key Laboratory of Myopia (Fudan University), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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