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Zaher A, Petronek MS, Allen BG, Mapuskar KA. Balanced Duality: H 2O 2-Based Therapy in Cancer and Its Protective Effects on Non-Malignant Tissues. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:8885. [PMID: 39201571 PMCID: PMC11354297 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25168885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2024] [Revised: 08/10/2024] [Accepted: 08/11/2024] [Indexed: 09/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Conventional cancer therapy strategies, although centered around killing tumor cells, often lead to severe side effects on surrounding normal tissues, thus compromising the chronic quality of life in cancer survivors. Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is a secondary signaling molecule that has an array of functions in both tumor and normal cells, including the promotion of cell survival pathways and immune cell modulation in the tumor microenvironment. H2O2 is a reactive oxygen species (ROS) crucial in cellular homeostasis and signaling (at concentrations maintained under nM levels), with increased steady-state levels in tumors relative to their normal tissue counterparts. Increased steady-state levels of H2O2 in tumor cells, make them vulnerable to oxidative stress and ultimately, cell death. Recently, H2O2-producing therapies-namely, pharmacological ascorbate and superoxide dismutase mimetics-have emerged as compelling complementary treatment strategies in cancer. Both pharmacological ascorbate and superoxide dismutase mimetics can generate excess H2O2 to overwhelm the impaired H2O2 removal capacity of cancer cells. This review presents an overview of H2O2 metabolism in the physiological and malignant states, in addition to discussing the anti-tumor and normal tissue-sparing mechanism(s) of, and clinical evidence for, two H2O2-based therapies, pharmacological ascorbate and superoxide dismutase mimetics.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Kranti A. Mapuskar
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA; (A.Z.); (M.S.P.); (B.G.A.)
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Lee H, Jang H, Heo D, Eom JI, Han CH, Kim SM, Shin YS, Pan CH, Yang S. Tisochrysis lutea Fucoxanthin Suppresses NF-κB, JNK, and p38-Associated MMP Expression in Arthritis Pathogenesis via Antioxidant Activity. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:941. [PMID: 39199188 PMCID: PMC11351224 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13080941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2024] [Revised: 07/29/2024] [Accepted: 07/30/2024] [Indexed: 09/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Tisochrysis lutea is a highly nutritious marine microalga that has various applications in aquaculture and biotechnology. However, the effects of T. lutea extract (TLE) on osteoarthritis (OA) pathogenesis remain unexplored. In this study, we aimed to determine the effects of TLE on OA development. We found that TLE inhibits the expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) activity in an OA mouse model generated by the destabilization of the medial meniscus (DMM) surgery. In vivo assays of the OA model mice demonstrated that TLE has a protective effect against cartilage destruction by inhibiting MMP3 and MMP13 expression. To enable the medical use of TLE, the components of TLE were characterized using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis. Interestingly, we found that Fucoxanthin accounts for 41.2% of TLE and showed anti-catabolic and antioxidant effects under IL-1β-treated in vitro conditions. RNA sequencing analysis showed that fucoxanthin decreased p38, NF-κB, and JNK signaling pathway gene expression, all of which are activated by IL-1β. Furthermore, in vivo analysis showed that fucoxanthin inhibited the IL-1β-stimulated phosphorylation of p65, JNK, and p38. These results highlight new possibilities for the use of TLE as a source of fucoxanthin, an antioxidant, for OA treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyemi Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea; (H.L.); (H.J.); (D.H.)
| | - Hahyeong Jang
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea; (H.L.); (H.J.); (D.H.)
| | - Dahyoon Heo
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea; (H.L.); (H.J.); (D.H.)
| | - Jae-In Eom
- Microalgae Ask Us Co., Ltd., Gangneung 25441, Republic of Korea; (J.-I.E.); (C.-H.H.); (S.-M.K.); (Y.-S.S.)
| | - Cheol-Ho Han
- Microalgae Ask Us Co., Ltd., Gangneung 25441, Republic of Korea; (J.-I.E.); (C.-H.H.); (S.-M.K.); (Y.-S.S.)
| | - Se-Min Kim
- Microalgae Ask Us Co., Ltd., Gangneung 25441, Republic of Korea; (J.-I.E.); (C.-H.H.); (S.-M.K.); (Y.-S.S.)
| | - Yoo-Seob Shin
- Microalgae Ask Us Co., Ltd., Gangneung 25441, Republic of Korea; (J.-I.E.); (C.-H.H.); (S.-M.K.); (Y.-S.S.)
| | - Cheol-Ho Pan
- Microalgae Ask Us Co., Ltd., Gangneung 25441, Republic of Korea; (J.-I.E.); (C.-H.H.); (S.-M.K.); (Y.-S.S.)
| | - Siyoung Yang
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea; (H.L.); (H.J.); (D.H.)
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Wang L, Qu L, He B. Preparation, identification and molecular docking of two novel anti-aging peptides from perilla seed. Heliyon 2024; 10:e33604. [PMID: 39040309 PMCID: PMC11261800 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e33604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Revised: 05/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Perilla seed meal is an important agricultural by-product of perilla oil extraction. The antioxidant and anti-aging activities of perilla seed meal protein hydrolysate were investigated, and the bioactive peptides were identified to maximize the utilization of perilla seed meal resources. Anti-aging peptides were identified using a combination of peptidomics and in silico bioinformatics. Furthermore, the potential molecular mechanism of these peptides was explored through molecular docking and RT-PCR. The results showed a significant anti-aging properties of F2 (MW 3 kDa ∼5 kDa) by inhibition of reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and β-galactosidase activity. Nine novel peptides were identified from F2 and subsequently synthesized to explore their bioactivities. The two peptides, NFF and PMR, were found to promote the proliferation of keratinocytes (HaCaT cells) and suppress the level of ROS and the activity of β-galactosidase. Both peptides exhibited a strong binding affinity with the Keap1 protein. Additionally, NFF and PMR downregulated the expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and the degradation of collagens (COLs). The potential molecular mechanism underlying the anti-aging properties of perilla seed meal peptides might involve the competitive binding of Keap1 to facilitate the release of Nrf2 and activation of NF-κB signal pathway. This study provides a theoretical basis for the application of perilla seed meal peptides in functional cosmetics and presents a novel perspective for the investigation of additional food-derived peptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingling Wang
- Yunnan Botanee Bio-technology Group Co., Ltd., Kunming, 650106, China
- Botanee Research Institute, Shanghai Jiyan Bio-Pharmaceutical Development Co., Ltd., Shanghai, 201702, China
| | - Liping Qu
- Yunnan Botanee Bio-technology Group Co., Ltd., Kunming, 650106, China
- Yunnan Characteristic Plant Extraction Laboratory, Yunnan Yunke Characteristic Plant Extraction Laboratory Co., Ltd., Kunming, 650106, China
- Botanee Research Institute, Shanghai Jiyan Bio-Pharmaceutical Development Co., Ltd., Shanghai, 201702, China
| | - Bingwei He
- Yunnan Botanee Bio-technology Group Co., Ltd., Kunming, 650106, China
- Yunnan Characteristic Plant Extraction Laboratory, Yunnan Yunke Characteristic Plant Extraction Laboratory Co., Ltd., Kunming, 650106, China
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Sheu ML, Pan LY, Yang CN, Sheehan J, Pan LY, You WC, Wang CC, Pan HC. Thrombin-Induced Microglia Activation Modulated through Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptors. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11416. [PMID: 37511175 PMCID: PMC10380349 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241411416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Revised: 07/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Thrombin is a multifunctional serine protein which is closely related to neurodegenerative disorders. The Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) is well expressed in microglia cells involving inflammatory disorders of the brain. However, it remains unclear as to how modulation of AhR expression by thrombin is related to the development of neurodegeneration disorders. In this study, we investigated the role of AhR in the development of thrombin-induced neurodegenerative processes, especially those concerning microglia. The primary culture of either wild type or AhR deleted microglia, as well as BV-2 cell lines, was used for an in vitro study. Hippocampal slice culture and animals with either wild type or with AhR deleted were used for the ex vivo and in vivo studies. Simulations of ligand protein docking showed a strong integration between the thrombin and AhR. In thrombin-triggered microglia cells, deleting AhR escalated both the NO release and iNOS expression. Such effects were abolished by the administration of the AhR agonist. In thrombin-activated microglia cells, downregulating AhR increased the following: vascular permeability, pro-inflammatory genetic expression, MMP-9 activity, and the ratio of M1/M2 phenotype. In the in vivo study, thrombin induced the activation of microglia and their volume, thereby contributing to the deterioration of neurobehavior. Deleting AhR furthermore aggravated the response in terms of impaired neurobehavior, increasing brain edema, aggregating microglia, and increasing neuronal death. In conclusion, thrombin caused the activation of microglia through increased vessel permeability, expression of inflammatory response, and phenotype of M1 microglia, as well the MMP activity. Deleting AhR augmented the above detrimental effects. These findings indicate that the modulation of AhR is essential for the regulation of thrombin-induced brain damages and that the AhR agonist may harbor the potentially therapeutic effect in thrombin-induced neurodegenerative disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meei-Ling Sheu
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung-Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan;
- Department of Medical Research, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung 40210, Taiwan
- Ph.D. Program in Translational Medicine, Rong Hsing Research Center for Translational Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan
| | - Liang-Yi Pan
- Faculty of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan;
| | - Cheng-Ning Yang
- Department of Dentistry, School of Dentistry, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106319, Taiwan;
| | - Jason Sheehan
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22904, USA;
| | - Liang-Yu Pan
- Faculty of Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-701 Poznań, Poland;
| | - Weir-Chiang You
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung 40210, Taiwan;
| | - Chien-Chia Wang
- Department of Life Sciences, National Central University, Taoyuan 32001, Taiwan;
| | - Hung-Chuan Pan
- Department of Medical Research, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung 40210, Taiwan
- Ph.D. Program in Translational Medicine, Rong Hsing Research Center for Translational Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung 40210, Taiwan
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Bano S, Sharif A, Akhtar B, Abdel-Daim MM, Akhtar MF, Ali FL. Mechanistic insights on the possible protective role of polyphenols extracted from Tamarix aphylla aerial parts against sodium arsenite-induced hepatotoxicity in rats. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:16565-16578. [PMID: 36190635 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-23324-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 09/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic exposure is associated with the induction of hepatotoxicity. Current study was aimed to investigate the hepato-protective ability of polyphenolic components of Tamarix aphylla (TA) ethanolic extract against sodium arsenite (SA)-induced liver injury of rats. Significantly higher quantities of phenolic (318.7±2.5 mgg-1GAE) and flavonoid (250.69 ±3.3 mgg-1QE) contents were present. Inhibitory concentration (IC50) exhibited an excellent potential for antioxidant (IC50= 25.99 μg/mL) assay. High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) confirmed the existence of myercetin (10.40ppm), sinapic acid (2.131ppm), kaempferol (0.486ppm), caffeic acid (5.094 ppm). Forty-two rats were divided into 7 groups. Group 1 received normal saline (2 mL/kg/day, orally for 21 days), Group 2 received SA (10mg/kg/day for 21 days), and Group 3 received SA alone for 7 days (10mg/kg) and continues with silymarine for 21 days (25mg/kg orally). Group 4, 5, 6 received SA alone for 7 days and continue with TA extract up to 21 days (125mg/kg, 250mg/kg, and 500mg/kg orally) respectively, and Group 7 received TA extract (500mg/kg) for 21 days. SA was administered to all treated groups for 21 days. Treatment with polyphenolic ethanolic extract of TA restored the hepatic indices and oxidative markers in a dose-dependent manner. The upregulation in tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-6, and cyclooxygenase-2 upon SA treatment suggesting inflammation was normalized by the treatment of rats. Above mentioned biochemical findings were supported well with histopathological screening. Present findings suggest that TA polyphenolic ethanolic extract could mitigate the oxidative stress and inflammation induced by SA in liver tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaher Bano
- Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Ali Sharif
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical and Allied Health Sciences, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Pakistan.
| | - Bushra Akhtar
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Mohamed M Abdel-Daim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharmacy Program, Batterjee Medical College, P.O. Box 6231, Jeddah, 21442, Saudi Arabia
- Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, 41522, Egypt
| | - Muhammad Furqan Akhtar
- Riphah Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Riphah International University, Lahore Campus, Lahore, Pakistan
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Romash IR, Romash IB, Tsona AR, Pustovoyt MM. PECULIARITIES OF DYNAMICS OF INDICATORS OF PROTEINS OXIDATIVE MODIFICATION AND MATRIX METALLOPROTEINASE-9 ACTIVITY IN PATIENTS WITH PARANOID SCHIZOPHRENIA DEPENDING ON THE DISEASE DURATION. WIADOMOSCI LEKARSKIE (WARSAW, POLAND : 1960) 2023; 76:2625-2631. [PMID: 38290026 DOI: 10.36740/wlek202312111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim: The objective of the research was to study the indicators of oxidative modification of proteins (OMP) and the activity of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) in patients with paranoid schizophrenia depending on the disease duration. PATIENTS AND METHODS Materials and methods: 320 patients were included in the examination. 20 patients were with "Primary psychotic episode" (Comparison Group) and 300 patients were diagnosed with "Paranoid schizophrenia" (Experimental Group): 60 of them have suffered from this disease for a duration from 3 to 5 years (Subgroup I ); 60 patients have suffered for a period from 6 to 10 years (Subgroup II); 60 individuals - from 11 to 15 years (Subgroup III); 60 patients have suffered for a duration from 16 to 20 years (Subgroup IV); 60 patients - from 21 years and longer (Subgroup V). RESULTS Results: The presented data showed that the levels of OMP indicators in Subgroup I constituted 0.826±0.046 conventional units at a wavelength of 356 nm; 0.864±0.051 conventional units at a wavelength of 370 nm; 0.444±0.019 conventional units at a wavelength of 430 nm; 0.176±0.007 conventional units at a wavelength of 530 nm, which is 1.99; 1.6; 1.13 and 1.43 times higher than in the Comparison Group. The content of OMP products was higher by 2.24; 1.74; 1.17, and 1.43 times in Subgroup II, respectively, by 2.4; 1.80; 1.36 and 1.46 times in Subgroup III, respectively; by 2.5; 1.9; 1.4; 1.6 times in Subgroup IV, respectively; by 2.5; 2.02; 1.54; 1.7 times in Subgroup V, respectively. The conducted correlation analysis indicated a direct correlation between OMP indicators and the disease duration. The concentration of MMP-9 in the patients of the Comparison Group was equal to 892.84±87.80 pg/ml, which was 11.2% less compared to the Experimental Subgroup I, where this indicator was 992.84±67.50 pg/ml. MMP-9 constituted 1092.53±47.20 pg/ml on average in the patients of Subgroup II, which was 22.36% higher than in the Comparison Group. This indicator was 1702.84±37.60 pg/ml in Subgroup III, which was 90.7% higher than in the Comparison Group. It constituted 1492.84±47.29 pg/ml in Subgroup IV, which was 67.2% higher than in the Comparison Group; and 2037.21±57.80 pg/ ml in Subgroup V, which was more than two times higher than in the Comparison Group (p<0.05). The conducted correlation analysis showed a direct relation between MMP-9 expression and the increase in OMP indicators. This relation was more significant between MMP-9 and OMP products of a neutral nature. The correlation strength between MMP-9 and OMP products of a basic nature was somewhat less significant. CONCLUSION Conclusions: According to the results of the conducted analysis, the examined patients had the signs of decompensation of reactive-adaptive biomolecular mechanisms which activated radical reactions with the subsequent accumulation of oxidation products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan R Romash
- IVANO-FRANKIVSK NATIONAL MEDICAL UNIVERSITY, IVANO-FRANKIVSK, UKRAINE
| | - Iryna B Romash
- IVANO-FRANKIVSK NATIONAL MEDICAL UNIVERSITY, IVANO-FRANKIVSK, UKRAINE
| | - Andriy R Tsona
- DANYLO HALYTSKY LVIV NATIONAL MEDICAL UNIVERSITY, LVIV, UKRAINE
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Jacques C, Floris I. Special Focus on the Cellular Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Several Micro-Immunotherapy Formulations: Considerations Regarding Intestinal-, Immune-Axis-Related- and Neuronal-Inflammation Contexts. J Inflamm Res 2022; 15:6695-6717. [PMID: 36536643 PMCID: PMC9759027 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s389614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 04/11/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Chronic inflammation is a pernicious underlying status, well-known for its contribution to the progressive development of various diseases. In this regard, Micro-immunotherapy (MI) might be a promising therapeutic strategy. MI employs low doses (LD) and ultra-low doses (ULD) of immune regulators in their formulations. In particular, as both IL-1β and TNF-α are often used at ULD in MI medicines (MIM), a special emphasis has been made on formulations that include these factors in their compositions. METHODS Several in vitro models have been employed in order to assess the effects of two unitary MIM consisting of ULD of IL-1β and TNF-α (u-MIM-1 and u-MIM-2, respectively), and four complex MIM (c-MIM-1, -2, -3 and -4) characterized by the presence of ULD of IL-1β and TNF-α amongst other factors. Thus, we first investigated the anti-inflammatory effects of u-MIM-1 and u-MIM-2 in a model of inflamed colon carcinoma cells. In addition, the anti-inflammatory potential of c-MIM-1, -2, -3 and -4, was assessed in in vitro models of intestinal and neuronal inflammation. RESULTS The results revealed that u-MIM-1 and u-MIM-2 both induced a slight decrease in the levels of IL-1β and TNF-α transcripts. Regarding the c-MIMs' effects, c-MIM-1 displayed the capability to restore the altered transepithelial electrical resistance in inflamed-HCoEpiC cells. Moreover, c-MIM-1 also slightly increased the expression of the junction-related protein claudin-1, both at the mRNA and protein levels. In addition, our in vitro investigations on c-MIM-2 and c-MIM-3 revealed their immune-modulatory effects in LPS-inflamed human monocytes, macrophages, and granulocytes, on the secretion of cytokines such as TNF-α, PGE2, and IL-6. Finally, c-MIM-4 restored the cell viability of LPS/IFN-γ-inflamed rat cortical neurons, while reducing the secretion of TNF-α in rat glial cells. DISCUSSION Our results shed the light on the potential role of these MIM formulations in managing several chronic inflammation-related conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camille Jacques
- Preclinical Research Department, Labo’Life France, Nantes, France
| | - Ilaria Floris
- Preclinical Research Department, Labo’Life France, Nantes, France
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Chen M, Wang Y, Deng S, Lian Z, Yu K. Skeletal muscle oxidative stress and inflammation in aging: Focus on antioxidant and anti-inflammatory therapy. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:964130. [PMID: 36111339 PMCID: PMC9470179 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.964130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/06/2022] Open
Abstract
With aging, the progressive loss of skeletal muscle will have negative effect on multiple physiological parameters, such as exercise, respiration, thermoregulation, and metabolic homeostasis. Accumulating evidence reveals that oxidative stress and inflammation are the main pathological characteristics of skeletal muscle during aging. Here, we focus on aging-related sarcopenia, summarize the relationship between aging and sarcopenia, and elaborate on aging-mediated oxidative stress and oxidative damage in skeletal muscle and its critical role in the occurrence and development of sarcopenia. In addition, we discuss the production of excessive reactive oxygen species in aging skeletal muscle, which reduces the ability of skeletal muscle satellite cells to participate in muscle regeneration, and analyze the potential molecular mechanism of ROS-mediated mitochondrial dysfunction in aging skeletal muscle. Furthermore, we have also paid extensive attention to the possibility and potential regulatory pathways of skeletal muscle aging and oxidative stress mediate inflammation. Finally, in response to the abnormal activity of oxidative stress and inflammation during aging, we summarize several potential antioxidant and anti-inflammatory strategies for the treatment of sarcopenia, which may provide beneficial help for improving sarcopenia during aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingming Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yiyi Wang
- Zhejiang A&F University, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Characteristic Traditional Chinese Medicine Resources Protection and Innovative Utilization, Lin’an, China
| | - Shoulong Deng
- NHC Key Laboratory of Human Disease Comparative Medicine, Institute of Laboratory Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Comparative Medicine Center, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Zhengxing Lian
- College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Zhengxing Lian, ; Kun Yu,
| | - Kun Yu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Zhengxing Lian, ; Kun Yu,
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Kaur H, Kalia A, Sandhu JS, Dheri GS, Kaur G, Pathania S. Interaction of TiO 2 nanoparticles with soil: Effect on microbiological and chemical traits. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 301:134629. [PMID: 35447207 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.134629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2022] [Revised: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles (NPs) are the most widely used nanomaterials and their expanding use raises concerns about their impacts on soil ecosystems and functioning. The present study evaluates the potential impacts of TiO2 NPs applied at low doses (0, 1.0, 2.5, 5.0, 10.0 and 20.0 mg L-1) on soil chemical properties including the macro and micronutrient contents, microbial population and enzyme activities in rhizosphere soil of mung bean crop at different time intervals (7, 14, 28 and 56 days). A quantitative RT-PCR study was also performed to study the relative change in the gene expression of ammonia oxidizer and nitrogen fixers upon TiO2 NP supplementation. An increase in soil nutrient content viz., available N, P, Cu, Fe, Mn, nitrate-N and ammonical-N was observed with NP application except available K and Zn content. The TiO2 NPs stimulated the growth of soil microflora at low concentrations while an inhibitory effect was recorded at high concentrations. The soil fungi and actinobacteria emerged as the most sensitive groups of soil microbes towards TiO2 NP exposure exhibiting detrimental impacts on their growth at all concentrations. Similarly, the soil enzyme activities enhanced till TiO2 NPs (10.0 mg L-1) which was followed by decrease at higher concentrations. The qRT-PCR study showed that the ammonia oxidizers were more affected by TiO2 NPs application than nitrogen fixers. These findings suggest that TiO2 NPs can be used as stimulators of soil nutrients and soil microbial dynamics at low concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harleen Kaur
- Department of Microbiology, College of Basic Sciences and Humanities, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, 141004, India
| | - Anu Kalia
- Electron Microscopy and Nanoscience Laboratory, Department of Soil Science, College of Agriculture, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, 141004, India.
| | - Jagdeep Singh Sandhu
- School of Agricultural Biotechnology, College of Agriculture, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, 141004, India
| | - Gurmeet Singh Dheri
- Department of Soil Science, College of Agriculture, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, 141004, India
| | - Gurwinder Kaur
- School of Agricultural Biotechnology, College of Agriculture, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, 141004, India
| | - Shivali Pathania
- School of Agricultural Biotechnology, College of Agriculture, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, 141004, India
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Ji X, Zhao L, Umapathy A, Fitzmaurice B, Wang J, Williams DS, Chang B, Naggert JK, Nishina PM. Deficiency in Lyst function leads to accumulation of secreted proteases and reduced retinal adhesion. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0254469. [PMID: 35239671 PMCID: PMC8893605 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0254469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Chediak-Higashi syndrome, caused by mutations in the Lysosome Trafficking Regulator (Lyst) gene, is a recessive hypopigmentation disorder characterized by albinism, neuropathies, neurodegeneration, and defective immune responses, with enlargement of lysosomes and lysosome-related organelles. Although recent studies have suggested that Lyst mutations impair the regulation of sizes of lysosome and lysosome-related organelle, the underlying pathogenic mechanism of Chediak-Higashi syndrome is still unclear. Here we show striking evidence that deficiency in LYST protein function leads to accumulation of photoreceptor outer segment phagosomes in retinal pigment epithelial cells, and reduces adhesion between photoreceptor outer segment and retinal pigment epithelial cells in a mouse model of Chediak-Higashi syndrome. In addition, we observe elevated levels of cathepsins, matrix metallopeptidase (MMP) 3 and oxidative stress markers in the retinal pigment epithelium of Lyst mutants. Previous reports showed that impaired degradation of photoreceptor outer segment phagosomes causes elevated oxidative stress, which could consequently lead to increases of cysteine cathepsins and MMPs in the extracellular matrix. Taken together, we conclude that the loss of LYST function causes accumulation of phagosomes in the retinal pigment epithelium and elevation of several extracellular matrix-remodeling proteases through oxidative stress, which may, in turn, reduce retinal adhesion. Our work reveals previously unreported pathogenic events in the retinal pigment epithelium caused by Lyst deficiency. The same pathogenic events may be conserved in other professional phagocytic cells, such as macrophages in the immune system, contributing to overall Chediak-Higashi syndrome pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojie Ji
- The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME, United States of America
- Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, University of Maine, Orono, ME, United States of America
| | - Lihong Zhao
- The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME, United States of America
| | - Ankita Umapathy
- Department of Ophthalmology and Stein Eye Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America
| | | | - Jieping Wang
- The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME, United States of America
| | - David S. Williams
- Department of Ophthalmology and Stein Eye Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America
- Department of Neurobiology, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America
- Molecular Biology Institute, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America
- Brain Research Institute, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America
| | - Bo Chang
- The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME, United States of America
| | | | - Patsy M. Nishina
- The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME, United States of America
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11
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Haller HL, Sander F, Popp D, Rapp M, Hartmann B, Demircan M, Nischwitz SP, Kamolz LP. Oxygen, pH, Lactate, and Metabolism-How Old Knowledge and New Insights Might Be Combined for New Wound Treatment. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2021; 57:medicina57111190. [PMID: 34833408 PMCID: PMC8617754 DOI: 10.3390/medicina57111190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Revised: 10/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Over time, we have come to recognize a very complex network of physiological changes enabling wound healing. An immunological process enables the body to distinguish damaged cells and begin a cleaning mechanism by separating damaged proteins and cells with matrix metalloproteinases, a complement reaction, and free radicals. A wide variety of cell functions help to rebuild new tissue, dependent on energy provision and oxygen supply. Like in an optimized “bio-reactor,” disturbance can lead to prolonged healing. One of the earliest investigated local factors is the pH of wounds, studied in close relation to the local perfusion, oxygen tension, and lactate concentration. Granulation tissue with the wrong pH can hinder fibroblast and keratinocyte division and proliferation, as well as skin graft takes. Methods for influencing the pH have been tested, such as occlusion and acidification by the topical application of acidic media. In most trials, this has not changed the wound’s pH to an acidic one, but it has reduced the strong alkalinity of deeper or chronic wounds. Energy provision is essential for all repair processes. New insights into the metabolism of cells have changed the definition of lactate from a waste product to an indispensable energy provider in normoxic and hypoxic conditions. Neovascularization depends on oxygen provision and lactate, signaling hypoxic conditions even under normoxic conditions. An appropriate pH is necessary for successful skin grafting; hypoxia can change the pH of wounds. This review describes the close interconnections between the local lactate levels, metabolism, healing mechanisms, and pH. Furthermore, it analyzes and evaluates the different possible ways to support metabolism, such as lactate enhancement and pH adjustment. The aim of wound treatment must be the optimization of all these components. Therefore, the role of lactate and its influence on wound healing in acute and chronic wounds will be assessed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Frank Sander
- Burn Center, Plastic Surgery of Trauma Hospital Berlin, Warener Strasse 7, 12683 Berlin, Germany; (F.S.); (B.H.)
| | - Daniel Popp
- Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic, Aesthetic and Reconstructive Surgery, Medical University Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 29, 8036 Graz, Austria; (D.P.); (S.P.N.); (L.P.K.)
| | - Matthias Rapp
- Clinic for Orthopedics, Trauma Surgery and Sports Traumatology, Burn Center, Marienhospital Stuttgart, Böheimstraße 37, 70199 Stuttgart, Germany;
| | - Bernd Hartmann
- Burn Center, Plastic Surgery of Trauma Hospital Berlin, Warener Strasse 7, 12683 Berlin, Germany; (F.S.); (B.H.)
| | - Mehmet Demircan
- Pediatric Intensive Burn Care Unit, Department of Pediatric Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, İnönü University, 44315 Malatya, Turkey;
| | - Sebastian Philipp Nischwitz
- Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic, Aesthetic and Reconstructive Surgery, Medical University Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 29, 8036 Graz, Austria; (D.P.); (S.P.N.); (L.P.K.)
- COREMED—Cooperative Centre for Regenerative Medicine, JOANNEUM RESEARCH Forschungsgsellschaft mbH, 8036 Graz, Austria
| | - Lars Peter Kamolz
- Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic, Aesthetic and Reconstructive Surgery, Medical University Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 29, 8036 Graz, Austria; (D.P.); (S.P.N.); (L.P.K.)
- COREMED—Cooperative Centre for Regenerative Medicine, JOANNEUM RESEARCH Forschungsgsellschaft mbH, 8036 Graz, Austria
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12
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Lagoumtzi SM, Chondrogianni N. Senolytics and senomorphics: Natural and synthetic therapeutics in the treatment of aging and chronic diseases. Free Radic Biol Med 2021; 171:169-190. [PMID: 33989756 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2021.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Revised: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Cellular senescence is a heterogeneous process guided by genetic, epigenetic and environmental factors, characterizing many types of somatic cells. It has been suggested as an aging hallmark that is believed to contribute to aging and chronic diseases. Senescent cells (SC) exhibit a specific senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP), mainly characterized by the production of proinflammatory and matrix-degrading molecules. When SC accumulate, a chronic, systemic, low-grade inflammation, known as inflammaging, is induced. In turn, this chronic immune system activation results in reduced SC clearance thus establishing a vicious circle that fuels inflammaging. SC accumulation represents a causal factor for various age-related pathologies. Targeting of several aging hallmarks has been suggested as a strategy to ameliorate healthspan and possibly lifespan. Consequently, SC and SASP are viewed as potential therapeutic targets either through the selective killing of SC or the selective SASP blockage, through natural or synthetic compounds. These compounds are members of a family of agents called senotherapeutics divided into senolytics and senomorphics. Few of them are already in clinical trials, possibly representing a future treatment of age-related pathologies including diseases such as atherosclerosis, osteoarthritis, osteoporosis, cancer, diabetes, neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease, cardiovascular diseases, hepatic steatosis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and age-related macular degeneration. In this review, we present the already identified senolytics and senomorphics focusing on their redox-sensitive properties. We describe the studies that revealed their effects on cellular senescence and enabled their nomination as novel anti-aging agents. We refer to the senolytics that are already in clinical trials and we present various adverse effects exhibited by senotherapeutics so far. Finally, we discuss aspects of the senotherapeutics that need improvement and we suggest the design of future senotherapeutics to target specific redox-regulated signaling pathways implicated either in the regulation of SASP or in the elimination of SC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia M Lagoumtzi
- Institute of Chemical Biology, National Hellenic Research Foundation, 48 Vassileos Constantinou Avenue, 116 35, Athens, Greece; Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Attica, 28 Ag. Spyridonos Str., Egaleo, 12243, Athens, Greece.
| | - Niki Chondrogianni
- Institute of Chemical Biology, National Hellenic Research Foundation, 48 Vassileos Constantinou Avenue, 116 35, Athens, Greece.
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13
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Han SB, Won B, Yang SC, Kim DH. Asterias pectinifera derived collagen peptide-encapsulating elastic nanoliposomes for the cosmetic application. J IND ENG CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2021.03.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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14
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Environmental, Neuro-immune, and Neuro-oxidative Stress Interactions in Chronic Fatigue Syndrome. Mol Neurobiol 2020; 57:4598-4607. [PMID: 32761353 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-020-01939-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2019] [Accepted: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Chronic fatigue syndrome/myalgic encephalomyelitis (CFS) is a complex, multisystem disease that is characterized by long-term fatigue, exhaustion, disabilities, pain, neurocognitive impairments, gastrointestinal symptoms, and post-exertional malaise, as well as lowered occupational, educational, and social functions. The clinical and biomarker diagnosis of this disorder is hampered by the lack of validated diagnostic criteria and laboratory tests with adequate figures of merit, although there are now many disease biomarkers indicating the pathophysiology of CFS. Here, we review multiple factors, such as immunological and environmental factors, which are associated with CFS and evaluate current concepts on the involvement of immune and environmental factors in the pathophysiology of CFS. The most frequently reported immune dysregulations in CFS are modifications in immunoglobulin contents, changes in B and T cell phenotypes and cytokine profiles, and decreased cytotoxicity of natural killer cells. Some of these immune aberrations display a moderate diagnostic performance to externally validate the clinical diagnosis of CFS, including the expression of activation markers and protein kinase R (PKR) activity. Associated with the immune aberrations are activated nitro-oxidative pathways, which may explain the key symptoms of CFS. This review shows that viral and bacterial infections, as well as nutritional deficiencies, may further aggravate the immune-oxidative pathophysiology of CFS. Targeted treatments with antioxidants and lipid replacement treatments may have some clinical efficacy in CFS. We conclude that complex interactions between immune and nitro-oxidative pathways, infectious agents, environmental factors, and nutritional deficiencies play a role in the pathophysiology of CFS.
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15
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Ismail RS, El-Awady MS, Hassan MH. Pantoprazole abrogated cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity in mice via suppression of inflammation, apoptosis, and oxidative stress. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2020; 393:1161-1171. [PMID: 31950223 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-020-01823-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2019] [Accepted: 01/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The current study was designed to evaluate the potential abatement effect of pantoprazole against cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity and establishing the possible protective mechanisms. Thirty-two male mice were allocated for treatment with saline, single dose of cisplatin (10 mg/kg/i.p), pantoprazole (30 mg/kg/once daily) for 5 days or combination of pantoprazole and cisplatin for 5 days. Urine, blood, and both kidneys were collected for further evaluations. Pantoprazole significantly countermand cisplatin-induced disfigurement of renal histology, kidney weight to body weight ratio, serum levels of creatinine and urea, and microalbuminuria. Furthermore, pantoprazole mostly normalized cisplatin-induced distortion of renal levels of inflammatory cytokines (tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin-6, interleukin-10) and renal content of apoptosis regulating protein expressions (Bax, Bcl2, and active caspase 3). In addition, pantoprazole significantly subsided cisplatin-induced distortion of renal lipid peroxidation marker (MDA), renal superoxide dismutase, and catalase activities and renal reduced glutathione content. This study provides an evidence for the protective utility of short-term pantoprazole against cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity in mice. The protective mechanism of pantoprazole could be through diminution of cisplatin-induced inflammation, oxidative stress, and their subsequent apoptotic renal cell death via abatement of apoptosis regulating protein expressions (Bax, Bcl2, and active caspase3).
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Affiliation(s)
- Raed S Ismail
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azahr University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohammed S El-Awady
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Taibah University, Al-Madinah Al-Munawara, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt
| | - Memy H Hassan
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azahr University, Cairo, Egypt.
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Taibah University, Al-Madinah Al-Munawara, Saudi Arabia.
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16
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Velez DO, Ranamukhaarachchi SK, Kumar A, Modi RN, Lim EW, Engler AJ, Metallo CM, Fraley SI. 3D collagen architecture regulates cell adhesion through degradability, thereby controlling metabolic and oxidative stress. Integr Biol (Camb) 2020; 11:221-234. [PMID: 31251330 DOI: 10.1093/intbio/zyz019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2018] [Revised: 03/08/2019] [Accepted: 05/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
The collagen-rich tumor microenvironment plays a critical role in directing the migration behavior of cancer cells. 3D collagen architectures with small pores have been shown to confine cells and induce aggressive collective migration, irrespective of matrix stiffness and density. However, it remains unclear how cells sense collagen architecture and transduce this information to initiate collective migration. Here, we tune collagen architecture and analyze its effect on four core cell-ECM interactions: cytoskeletal polymerization, adhesion, contractility, and matrix degradation. From this comprehensive analysis, we deduce that matrix architecture initially modulates cancer cell adhesion strength, and that this results from architecture-induced changes to matrix degradability. That is, architectures with smaller pores are less degradable, and degradability is required for cancer cell adhesion to 3D fibrilar collagen. The biochemical consequences of this 3D low-attachment state are similar to those induced by suspension culture, including metabolic and oxidative stress. One distinction from suspension culture is the induction of collagen catabolism that occurs in 3D low-attachment conditions. Cells also upregulate Snail1 and Notch signaling in response to 3D low-attachment, which suggests a mechanism for the emergence of collective behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel O Velez
- Bioengineering Department, University of California San Diego, CA, USA
| | | | - Aditya Kumar
- Bioengineering Department, University of California San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Rishi N Modi
- Bioengineering Department, University of California San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Esther W Lim
- Bioengineering Department, University of California San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Adam J Engler
- Bioengineering Department, University of California San Diego, CA, USA
| | | | - Stephanie I Fraley
- Bioengineering Department, University of California San Diego, CA, USA.,Moore's Cancer Center, University of California San Diego La Jolla, CA, USA
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17
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Nabi G, Li Y, McLaughlin RW, Mei Z, Wang K, Hao Y, Zheng J, Wang D. Immune Responses of the Critically Endangered Yangtze Finless Porpoises ( Neophocaena asiaeorientalis ssp. asiaeorientalis) to Escalating Anthropogenic Stressors in the Wild and Seminatural Environments. Front Physiol 2020; 10:1594. [PMID: 32116734 PMCID: PMC7010939 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2019.01594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2019] [Accepted: 12/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Increasing anthropogenic stressors are potential threats to biodiversity conservation and management of Yangtze finless porpoises (YFPs). The objective of this study was to indirectly compare the habitat quality of a natural reserve, Poyang Lake and a seminatural reserve, the Tian-E-Zhou Oxbow (TZO) in terms of anthropogenic stressors by investigating different stress and immunological parameters in the blood of YFPs. Samples from a total of 74 YFPs from the TZO (n = 43) and Poyang Lake (n = 31) were collected and analyzed. The animals were divided into ontogenetic groups: male calf, female calf, juvenile female, juvenile male, and adult male, and reproductive groups: pregnant female, lactating female, and pregnant plus lactating. The blood from all the animals was analyzed for general stress (HSP14, SOD1, TXN, and FTL), metabolic stress (ACAT2 and THRA), and immunity-related genes (IL12p40, IFNγ, TNFα; IL1α, IL1ra, COX2, CRPL, IL4, and IL8) using qPCR. YFPs living in Poyang Lake showed an increased relative expression pattern for IFNγ, IL1ra, IL4, ACAT2, and CRPL across all the ontogenetic groups with significantly higher expression in adult males. In contrast, YFPs living in the TZO showed a significantly higher expression in 13 of 15 genes analyzed in the male calf group. Across the reproductive states for porpoises living in Poyang Lake, eight of the 15 genes in the pregnant female and three of the 15 genes in the pregnant plus lactating group had a significantly higher expression level. However, in YFPs living in the TZO, eight of the 15 genes showed significantly higher expression in the pregnant and lactating groups. There was significantly a higher expression of most of the genes in porpoises living in the TZO compared to the age-matched groups from porpoises living in Poyang Lake. The exception was the pregnant female group. The higher relative expression of stress and immune genes in the TZO porpoise population compared to porpoises living in Poyang Lake suggests the effects of worsening habitat quality, possibly indicating water pollution and lack of feeding resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghulam Nabi
- The Key Laboratory of Aquatic Biodiversity and Conservation, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of Hebei Province, College of Life Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Ying Li
- The Key Laboratory of Aquatic Biodiversity and Conservation, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | | | - Zhigang Mei
- The Key Laboratory of Aquatic Biodiversity and Conservation, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Kexiong Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Aquatic Biodiversity and Conservation, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Yujiang Hao
- The Key Laboratory of Aquatic Biodiversity and Conservation, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Jinsong Zheng
- The Key Laboratory of Aquatic Biodiversity and Conservation, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Ding Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Aquatic Biodiversity and Conservation, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
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18
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Tumor Necrosis Factor-Like Weak Inducer of Apoptosis (TWEAK)/Fibroblast Growth Factor-Inducible 14 (Fn14) Axis in Cardiovascular Diseases: Progress and Challenges. Cells 2020; 9:cells9020405. [PMID: 32053869 PMCID: PMC7072601 DOI: 10.3390/cells9020405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2020] [Revised: 02/06/2020] [Accepted: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are the leading cause of mortality in Western countries. CVD include several pathologies, such as coronary artery disease, stroke, peripheral artery disease, and aortic aneurysm, among others. All of them are characterized by a pathological vascular remodeling in which inflammation plays a key role. Interaction between different members of the tumor necrosis factor superfamily and their cognate receptors induce several biological actions that may participate in CVD. The cytokine tumor necrosis factor-like weak inducer of apoptosis (TWEAK) and its functional receptor, fibroblast growth factor-inducible 14 (Fn14), are abundantly expressed during pathological cardiovascular remodeling. The TWEAK/Fn14 axis controls a variety of cellular functions, such as proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis, and has several biological functions, such as inflammation and fibrosis that are linked to CVD. It has been demonstrated that persistent TWEAK/Fn14 activation is involved in both vessel and heart remodeling associated with acute and chronic CVD. In this review, we summarized the role of the TWEAK/Fn14 axis during pathological cardiovascular remodeling, highlighting the cellular components and the signaling pathways that are involved in these processes.
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19
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Ibáñez-Cabellos JS, Seco-Cervera M, Osca-Verdegal R, Pallardó FV, García-Giménez JL. Epigenetic Regulation in the Pathogenesis of Sjögren Syndrome and Rheumatoid Arthritis. Front Genet 2019; 10:1104. [PMID: 31798626 PMCID: PMC6863924 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2019.01104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2019] [Accepted: 10/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Autoimmune rheumatic diseases, such as Sjögren syndrome (SS) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA), are characterized by chronic inflammation and autoimmunity, which cause joint tissue damage and destruction by triggering reduced mobility and debilitation in patients with these diseases. Initiation and maintenance of chronic inflammatory stages account for several mechanisms that involve immune cells as key players and the interaction of the immune cells with other tissues. Indeed, the overlapping of certain clinical and serologic manifestations between SS and RA may indicate that numerous immunologic-related mechanisms are involved in the physiopathology of both these diseases. It is widely accepted that epigenetic pathways play an essential role in the development and function of the immune system. Although many published studies have attempted to elucidate the relation between epigenetic modifications (e.g. DNA methylation, histone post-translational modifications, miRNAs) and autoimmune disorders, the contribution of epigenetic regulation to the pathogenesis of SS and RA is at present poorly understood. This review attempts to shed light from a critical point of view on the identification of the most relevant epigenetic mechanisms related to RA and SS by explaining intricate regulatory processes and phenotypic features of both autoimmune diseases. Moreover, we point out some epigenetic markers which can be used to monitor the inflammation status and the dysregulated immunity in SS and RA. Finally, we discuss the inconvenience of using epigenetic data obtained from bulk immune cell populations instead specific immune cell subpopulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Santiago Ibáñez-Cabellos
- Center for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Institute of Health Carlos III, Valencia, Spain.,INCLIVA Health Research Institute, Mixed Unit for rare diseases INCLIVA-CIPF, Valencia, Spain.,Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Marta Seco-Cervera
- Center for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Institute of Health Carlos III, Valencia, Spain.,INCLIVA Health Research Institute, Mixed Unit for rare diseases INCLIVA-CIPF, Valencia, Spain.,Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Rebeca Osca-Verdegal
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Federico V Pallardó
- Center for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Institute of Health Carlos III, Valencia, Spain.,INCLIVA Health Research Institute, Mixed Unit for rare diseases INCLIVA-CIPF, Valencia, Spain.,Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - José Luis García-Giménez
- Center for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Institute of Health Carlos III, Valencia, Spain.,INCLIVA Health Research Institute, Mixed Unit for rare diseases INCLIVA-CIPF, Valencia, Spain.,Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
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20
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Priyanka SH, Syam Das S, Nair SS, Rauf AA, Indira M. All trans retinoic acid modulates TNF-α and CYP2E1 pathways and enhances regression of ethanol-induced fibrosis markers in hepatocytes and HSCs in abstaining rodent model. Arch Physiol Biochem 2019; 125:302-310. [PMID: 29592769 DOI: 10.1080/13813455.2018.1455712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Context: Our previous studies showed that all trans retinoic acid (ATRA) ameliorates alcohol-induced toxicity. Hence, we evaluated the efficacy of ATRA and abstention in the regression of alcohol-induced hepatotoxicity. Materials and methods: After ethanol administration to rats for 90 days, the regression of alcohol-induced toxicity was studied by supplementing ATRA at a dose of 100 μg/kg body weight for 30 days. It was also compared with animals in abstention. Results and discussion: Ethanol administration enhanced oxidative stress, activated HSCs and increased collagen deposition. All these alterations were reversed to a certain extent by ATRA supplementation. Conclusions: ATRA had better efficacy than just abstention in reducing ethanol-induced toxicity. The mechanism might be downregulation of CYP2E1, leading to reduced oxidative stress in the hepatocytes and thus impeding NFκB activation, cytokine production, activation of HSC and resulting in the reduction of inflammation and remodelling of fibrosis by modulating MMP and TIMP.
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Affiliation(s)
- S H Priyanka
- a Department of Biochemistry, University of Kerala , Thiruvananthapuram , India
| | - S Syam Das
- a Department of Biochemistry, University of Kerala , Thiruvananthapuram , India
| | - Saritha S Nair
- a Department of Biochemistry, University of Kerala , Thiruvananthapuram , India
| | - Arun A Rauf
- a Department of Biochemistry, University of Kerala , Thiruvananthapuram , India
| | - M Indira
- a Department of Biochemistry, University of Kerala , Thiruvananthapuram , India
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21
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Bjørklund G, Dadar M, Pen JJ, Chirumbolo S, Aaseth J. Chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS): Suggestions for a nutritional treatment in the therapeutic approach. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 109:1000-1007. [PMID: 30551349 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.10.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2018] [Revised: 10/10/2018] [Accepted: 10/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) is known as a multi-systemic and complex illness, which induces fatigue and long-term disability in educational, occupational, social, or personal activities. The diagnosis of this disease is difficult, due to lacking a proper and suited diagnostic laboratory test, besides to its multifaceted symptoms. Numerous factors, including environmental and immunological issues, and a large spectrum of CFS symptoms, have recently been reported. In this review, we focus on the nutritional intervention in CFS, discussing the many immunological, environmental, and nutritional aspects currently investigated about this disease. Changes in immunoglobulin levels, cytokine profiles and B- and T- cell phenotype and declined cytotoxicity of natural killer cells, are commonly reported features of immune dysregulation in CFS. Also, some nutrient deficiencies (vitamin C, vitamin B complex, sodium, magnesium, zinc, folic acid, l-carnitine, l-tryptophan, essential fatty acids, and coenzyme Q10) appear to be important in the severity and exacerbation of CFS symptoms. This review highlights a far-driven analysis of mineral and vitamin deficiencies among CFS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geir Bjørklund
- Council for Nutritional and Environmental Medicine, Mo i Rana, Norway.
| | - Maryam Dadar
- Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran
| | - Joeri J Pen
- Diabetes Clinic, Department of Internal Medicine, UZ Brussel, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Brussels, Belgium; Department of Nutrition, UZ Brussel, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Salvatore Chirumbolo
- Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Jan Aaseth
- Research Department, Innlandet Hospital Trust, Brumunddal, Norway; Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences, Elverum, Norway
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22
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Zhao N, Guo FF, Xie KQ, Zeng T. Targeting Nrf-2 is a promising intervention approach for the prevention of ethanol-induced liver disease. Cell Mol Life Sci 2018; 75:3143-3157. [PMID: 29947925 PMCID: PMC11105722 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-018-2852-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2018] [Revised: 05/18/2018] [Accepted: 06/06/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) remains to be a worldwide health problem. It is generally accepted that oxidative stress plays critical roles in the pathogenesis of ALD, and antioxidant therapy represents a logical strategy for the prevention and treatment of ALD. Nuclear factor erythroid-derived 2-like 2 (NFE2L2 or Nrf-2) is essential for the antioxidant responsive element (ARE)-mediated induction of endogenous antioxidant enzymes such as heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1) and glutamate-cysteine ligase [GCL, the rate-limiting enzyme in the synthesis of glutathione (GSH)]. Activation of Nrf-2 pathway by genetic manipulation or pharmacological agents has been demonstrated to provide protection against ALD, which suggests that targeting Nrf-2 may be a promising approach for the prevention and treatment of ALD. Herein, we review the relevant literature about the potential hepatoprotective roles of Nrf-2 activation against ALD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Zhao
- Institute of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Shandong University, 44 Wenhua West Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Fang-Fang Guo
- Department of Pharmacy, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, 107 Wenhua West Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Ke-Qin Xie
- Institute of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Shandong University, 44 Wenhua West Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Tao Zeng
- Institute of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Shandong University, 44 Wenhua West Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China.
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The involvement of neuroinflammation and necroptosis in the hippocampus during vascular dementia. J Neuroimmunol 2018; 320:48-57. [PMID: 29759140 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2018.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2018] [Revised: 03/12/2018] [Accepted: 04/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The prevalence of vascular dementia is increasing at an alarming rate. The Confirmation of the clinical diagnosis of vascular dementia depends on post-mortem examination of the brain. In our study, we investigated the vascular disease and neuroinflammation during vascular dementia. Our results showed a β-amyloid deposits, neovascularization, neuronal hypertrophy and neuroinflammation in the hippocampus tissue. Interestingly, the neuroinflammation was characterized by a higher expression of TNF-α, IL-1β, TGF-β and iNOS which are TLR4/RelA pathway dependent. Finally, the finding of necroptosis by impaired blood supply and inflammation state suggests that the cognitive impairment was caused by vascular disease and neuroinflammation.
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24
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Silymarin and celecoxib ameliorate experimental varicocele-induced pathogenesis: evidences for oxidative stress and inflammation inhibition. Int Urol Nephrol 2018; 50:1039-1052. [DOI: 10.1007/s11255-018-1862-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2018] [Accepted: 03/30/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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25
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Vishwakarma P, Parmar N, Chandrakar P, Sharma T, Kathuria M, Agnihotri PK, Siddiqi MI, Mitra K, Kar S. Ammonium trichloro [1,2-ethanediolato-O,O']-tellurate cures experimental visceral leishmaniasis by redox modulation of Leishmania donovani trypanothione reductase and inhibiting host integrin linked PI3K/Akt pathway. Cell Mol Life Sci 2018; 75:563-588. [PMID: 28900667 PMCID: PMC11105478 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-017-2653-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2017] [Revised: 08/11/2017] [Accepted: 09/05/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
In an endeavor to search for affordable and safer therapeutics against debilitating visceral leishmaniasis, we examined antileishmanial potential of ammonium trichloro [1,2-ethanediolato-O,O']-tellurate (AS101); a tellurium based non toxic immunomodulator. AS101 showed significant in vitro efficacy against both Leishmania donovani promastigotes and amastigotes at sub-micromolar concentrations. AS101 could also completely eliminate organ parasite load from L. donovani infected Balb/c mice along with significant efficacy against infected hamsters (˃93% inhibition). Analyzing mechanistic details revealed that the double edged AS101 could directly induce apoptosis in promastigotes along with indirectly activating host by reversing T-cell anergy to protective Th1 mode, increased ROS generation and anti-leishmanial IgG production. AS101 could inhibit IL-10/STAT3 pathway in L. donovani infected macrophages via blocking α4β7 integrin dependent PI3K/Akt signaling and activate host MAPKs and NF-κB for Th1 response. In silico docking and biochemical assays revealed AS101's affinity to form thiol bond with cysteine residues of trypanothione reductase in Leishmania promastigotes leading to its inactivation and inducing ROS-mediated apoptosis of the parasite via increased Ca2+ level, loss of ATP and mitochondrial membrane potential along with metacaspase activation. Our findings provide the first evidence for the mechanism of action of AS101 with excellent safety profile and suggest its promising therapeutic potential against experimental visceral leishmaniasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Preeti Vishwakarma
- Division of Parasitology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Jankipuram Extension, Sitapur Road, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226031, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Anusandhan Bhawan, New Delhi, India
| | - Naveen Parmar
- Division of Parasitology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Jankipuram Extension, Sitapur Road, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226031, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Anusandhan Bhawan, New Delhi, India
| | - Pragya Chandrakar
- Division of Parasitology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Jankipuram Extension, Sitapur Road, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226031, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Anusandhan Bhawan, New Delhi, India
| | - Tanuj Sharma
- Molecular and Structural Biology Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, India
| | - Manoj Kathuria
- Electron Microscopy Unit, Sophisticated Analytical Instrument Facility, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, India
| | - Pramod K Agnihotri
- Division of Toxicology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, India
| | - Mohammad Imran Siddiqi
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Anusandhan Bhawan, New Delhi, India
- Molecular and Structural Biology Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, India
| | - Kalyan Mitra
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Anusandhan Bhawan, New Delhi, India
- Electron Microscopy Unit, Sophisticated Analytical Instrument Facility, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, India
| | - Susanta Kar
- Division of Parasitology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Jankipuram Extension, Sitapur Road, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226031, India.
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Anusandhan Bhawan, New Delhi, India.
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26
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Indo HP, Hawkins CL, Nakanishi I, Matsumoto KI, Matsui H, Suenaga S, Davies MJ, St Clair DK, Ozawa T, Majima HJ. Role of Mitochondrial Reactive Oxygen Species in the Activation of Cellular Signals, Molecules, and Function. Handb Exp Pharmacol 2017; 240:439-456. [PMID: 28176043 DOI: 10.1007/164_2016_117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondria are a major source of intracellular energy and reactive oxygen species in cells, but are also increasingly being recognized as a controller of cell death. Here, we review evidence of signal transduction control by mitochondrial superoxide generation via the nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) and GATA signaling pathways. We have also reviewed the effects of ROS on the activation of MMP and HIF. There is significant evidence to support the hypothesis that mitochondrial superoxide can initiate signaling pathways following transport into the cytosol. In this study, we provide evidence of TATA signal transductions by mitochondrial superoxide. Oxidative phosphorylation via the electron transfer chain, glycolysis, and generation of superoxide from mitochondria could be important factors in regulating signal transduction, cellular homeostasis, and cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroko P Indo
- Department of Oncology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, 890-8544, Japan. .,Department of Space Environmental Medicine, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, 890-8544, Japan. .,Graduate Center of Toxicology and Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, KY, 40506, USA.
| | - Clare L Hawkins
- The Heart Research Institute, 7 Eliza Street, Newtown, NSW, 2042, Australia. .,Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia.
| | - Ikuo Nakanishi
- Quantitative RedOx Sensing Team (QRST), Department of Basic Medical Sciences for Radiation Damages, National Institute of Radiological Sciences (NIRS), National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology (QST), 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage-ku, Chiba, 263-8555, Japan
| | - Ken-Ichiro Matsumoto
- Quantitative RedOx Sensing Team (QRST), Department of Basic Medical Sciences for Radiation Damages, National Institute of Radiological Sciences (NIRS), National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology (QST), 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage-ku, Chiba, 263-8555, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Matsui
- Division of Gastroenterology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki Prefecture, 305-8575, Japan
| | - Shigeaki Suenaga
- Department of Oncology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, 890-8544, Japan
| | - Michael J Davies
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Panum Institute, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3, Copenhagen, 2200, Denmark
| | - Daret K St Clair
- Graduate Center of Toxicology and Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, KY, 40506, USA
| | - Toshihiko Ozawa
- Division of Oxidative Stress Research, Showa Pharmaceutical University, Machida, Tokyo, 194-8543, Japan
| | - Hideyuki J Majima
- Department of Oncology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, 890-8544, Japan. .,Department of Space Environmental Medicine, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, 890-8544, Japan.
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27
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Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-mediated priming of toll-like receptor 4 enhances oxidant-induced prostaglandin E 2 biosynthesis in primary murine macrophages. Int Immunopharmacol 2017; 54:226-237. [PMID: 29161659 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2017.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2017] [Revised: 11/13/2017] [Accepted: 11/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Agonists and pseudo-agonists for toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) are common in our environment. Thus, human exposure to these agents may result in "priming or sensitization" of TLR4. A body of evidence suggests that LPS-mediated sensitization of TLR4 can increase the magnitude of responses to exogenous agents in multiple tissues. We have previously shown that reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS) stimulate TLR4. There is no evidence that LPS-primed TLR4 can influence the magnitude of responses to oxidants from either endogenous or exogenous sources. In the present study, we directly tested the hypothesis that LPS-primed TLR4 will sensitize primary murine peritoneal macrophages (pM) to oxidant-mediated prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) production. We used potassium peroxychromate (PPC) and potassium peroxynitrite (PPN) as direct in vitro sources of exogenous RONS. Our results showed that a direct treatment with PPC or PPN alone as sources of exogenous oxidants had a limited effect on PGE2 biosynthesis. In contrast, pM sensitized by prior incubation with LPS-EK, a TLR4-specific agonist, followed by oxidant stimulation exhibited increased transcriptional and translational expression of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) with enhanced PGE2 biosynthesis/production only in pM derived from TLR4-WT mice but not in TLR4-KO mice. Thus, we have shown a critical role for LPS-primed TLR4 in oxidant-induced inflammatory phenotypes that have the potential to initiate, propagate and maintain many human diseases.
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28
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Atallah A, Lecarpentier E, Goffinet F, Doret-Dion M, Gaucherand P, Tsatsaris V. Aspirin for Prevention of Preeclampsia. Drugs 2017; 77:1819-1831. [PMID: 29039130 PMCID: PMC5681618 DOI: 10.1007/s40265-017-0823-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Aspirin is currently the most widely prescribed treatment in the prevention of cardiovascular complications. The indications for the use of aspirin during pregnancy are, however, the subject of much controversy. Since the first evidence of the obstetric efficacy of aspirin in 1985, numerous studies have tried to determine the effect of low-dose aspirin on the incidence of preeclampsia, with very controversial results. Large meta-analyses including individual patient data have demonstrated that aspirin is effective in preventing preeclampsia in high-risk patients, mainly those with a history of preeclampsia. However, guidelines regarding the usage of aspirin to prevent preeclampsia differ considerably from one country to another. Screening modalities, target population, and aspirin dosage are still a matter of debate. In this review, we report the pharmacodynamics of aspirin, its main effects according to dosage and gestational age, and the evidence-based indications for primary and secondary prevention of preeclampsia.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Atallah
- Hospices Civils de Lyon, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Femme Mère Enfant Hospital, University Hospital Center, 59 boulevard Pinel, 69500, Bron, France
- Claude-Bernard University Lyon1, Lyon, France
| | - E Lecarpentier
- Assistance Publique-Hôpital de Paris, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Port-Royal Maternity, University Hospital Center Cochin Broca Hôtel Dieu, Groupe Hospitalier Universitaire Ouest, 53, Avenue de l'Observatoire, 75014, Paris, France
- PRES Sorbonne Paris Cité, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
- PremUP Foundation, Paris, France
- DHU Risques et Grossesse, Paris, France
| | - F Goffinet
- Assistance Publique-Hôpital de Paris, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Port-Royal Maternity, University Hospital Center Cochin Broca Hôtel Dieu, Groupe Hospitalier Universitaire Ouest, 53, Avenue de l'Observatoire, 75014, Paris, France
- PRES Sorbonne Paris Cité, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
- PremUP Foundation, Paris, France
- DHU Risques et Grossesse, Paris, France
| | - M Doret-Dion
- Hospices Civils de Lyon, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Femme Mère Enfant Hospital, University Hospital Center, 59 boulevard Pinel, 69500, Bron, France
- Claude-Bernard University Lyon1, Lyon, France
| | - P Gaucherand
- Hospices Civils de Lyon, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Femme Mère Enfant Hospital, University Hospital Center, 59 boulevard Pinel, 69500, Bron, France
- Claude-Bernard University Lyon1, Lyon, France
| | - V Tsatsaris
- Assistance Publique-Hôpital de Paris, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Port-Royal Maternity, University Hospital Center Cochin Broca Hôtel Dieu, Groupe Hospitalier Universitaire Ouest, 53, Avenue de l'Observatoire, 75014, Paris, France.
- PRES Sorbonne Paris Cité, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France.
- PremUP Foundation, Paris, France.
- DHU Risques et Grossesse, Paris, France.
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29
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Komatsu W, Itoh K, Akutsu S, Kishi H, Ohhira S. Nasunin inhibits the lipopolysaccharide-induced pro-inflammatory mediator production in RAW264 mouse macrophages by suppressing ROS-mediated activation of PI3 K/Akt/NF-κB and p38 signaling pathways. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2017; 81:1956-1966. [DOI: 10.1080/09168451.2017.1362973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Nasunin is a major anthocyanin in eggplant peel. The purpose of this study was to examine the anti-inflammatory effects of nasunin in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW264 macrophages and to identify the molecular mechanisms underlying these effects. We found that nasunin reduced the LPS-induced secretion of tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-6 and nitric oxide, and expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase in a dose-dependent manner. Nasunin diminished LPS-induced nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) activation by suppressing the degradation of inhibitor of κB-α and nuclear translocation of p65 subunit of NF-κB. Nasunin also attenuated the phosphorylation of Akt and p38, signaling molecules involved in pro-inflammatory mediator production. Moreover, nasunin inhibited the intracellular accumulation of ROS, leading to the suppression of NF-κB activation, Akt and p38 phosphorylation, and subsequent pro-inflammatory mediator production. These findings suggest that nasunin exerts an anti-inflammatory effect and this effect is mediated, at least in part, by its antioxidant activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wataru Komatsu
- Laboratory of International Environmental Health, Dokkyo Medical University School of Medicine, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Kazuko Itoh
- Food Technology Division, Industrial Technology Center of Tochigi Prefecture, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Satomi Akutsu
- Food Technology Division, Industrial Technology Center of Tochigi Prefecture, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Hisashi Kishi
- Laboratory of International Environmental Health, Dokkyo Medical University School of Medicine, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Shuji Ohhira
- Laboratory of International Environmental Health, Dokkyo Medical University School of Medicine, Tochigi, Japan
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30
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Liliom H, Tárnok K, Ábrahám Z, Rácz B, Hausser A, Schlett K. Protein kinase D exerts neuroprotective functions during oxidative stress via nuclear factor kappa B-independent signaling pathways. J Neurochem 2017; 142:948-961. [DOI: 10.1111/jnc.14131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2017] [Revised: 06/28/2017] [Accepted: 07/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hanna Liliom
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology; Eötvös Loránd University; Budapest Hungary
| | - Krisztián Tárnok
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology; Eötvös Loránd University; Budapest Hungary
| | - Zsófia Ábrahám
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology; Eötvös Loránd University; Budapest Hungary
| | - Bence Rácz
- Department of Anatomy and Histology; University of Veterinary Medicine; Budapest Hungary
| | - Angelika Hausser
- Institute of Cell Biology and Immunology; University Stuttgart; Stuttgart Germany
- Stuttgart Research Center Systems Biology; University of Stuttgart; Stuttgart Germany
| | - Katalin Schlett
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology; Eötvös Loránd University; Budapest Hungary
- MTA-ELTE-NAP B - Neuronal Cell Biology Research Group; Eötvös Loránd University; Budapest Hungary
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31
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El-Sayed ESM, Mansour AM, El-Sawy WS. Protective effect of proanthocyanidins against doxorubicin-induced nephrotoxicity in rats. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2017; 31. [DOI: 10.1002/jbt.21965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2017] [Revised: 07/03/2017] [Accepted: 07/11/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- El-Sayed M. El-Sayed
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy; Al-Azhar University; Cairo Egypt
| | - Ahmed M. Mansour
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy; Al-Azhar University; Cairo Egypt
| | - Waleed S. El-Sawy
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy; Al-Azhar University; Assiut Egypt
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32
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Rubio-Araiz A, Porcu F, Pérez-Hernández M, García-Gutiérrez MS, Aracil-Fernández MA, Gutierrez-López MD, Guerri C, Manzanares J, O'Shea E, Colado MI. Disruption of blood-brain barrier integrity in postmortem alcoholic brain: preclinical evidence of TLR4 involvement from a binge-like drinking model. Addict Biol 2017; 22:1103-1116. [PMID: 26949123 DOI: 10.1111/adb.12376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2015] [Revised: 01/12/2016] [Accepted: 01/13/2016] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Inflammatory cytokines and reactive oxygen species are reported to be involved in blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption. Because there is evidence that ethanol (EtOH) induces release of free radicals, cytokines and inflammatory mediators we examined BBB integrity and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) activity in postmortem human alcoholic brain and investigated the role of TLR4 signaling in BBB permeability in TLR4-knockout mice under a binge-like EtOH drinking protocol. Immunohistochemical studies showed reduced immunoreactivity of the basal lamina protein, collagen-IV and of the tight junction protein, claudin-5 in dorsolateral prefrontal cortex of alcoholics. There was also increased MMP-9 activity and expression of phosphorylated ERK1/2 and p-38. Greater number of CD45+ IR cells were observed associated with an enhanced neuroinflammatory response reflected by increased GFAP and Iba-1 immunostaining. To further explore effects of high EtOH consumption on BBB integrity we studied TLR4-knockout mice exposed to the drinking in the dark paradigm. Repetitive EtOH exposure in wild-type mice decreased hippocampal expression of laminin and collagen-IV and increased IgG immunoreactivity, indicating IgG extravasation. Western blot analysis also revealed increased MyD88 and p-ERK1/2 levels. None of these changes was observed in TLR4-knockout mice. Collectively, these findings indicate that chronic EtOH increases degradation of tight junctions and extracellular matrix in postmortem human brain and induces a neuroinflammatory response associated with activation of ERK1/2 and p-38 and greater MMP-9 activity. The EtOH-induced effects on BBB impairment are not evident in the hippocampus of TLR4-knockout mice, suggesting the involvement of TLR4 signaling in the underlying mechanism leading to BBB disruption in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Rubio-Araiz
- Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina; Universidad Complutense, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre; Spain
- Red de Trastornos Adictivos del Instituto de Salud Carlos III; Spain
| | - Francesca Porcu
- Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina; Universidad Complutense, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre; Spain
- Red de Trastornos Adictivos del Instituto de Salud Carlos III; Spain
| | - Mercedes Pérez-Hernández
- Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina; Universidad Complutense, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre; Spain
- Red de Trastornos Adictivos del Instituto de Salud Carlos III; Spain
| | - Mª Salud García-Gutiérrez
- Instituto de Neurociencias, Campus de San Juan; Universidad Miguel Hernández-CSIC; Spain
- Red de Trastornos Adictivos del Instituto de Salud Carlos III; Spain
| | - María Auxiliadora Aracil-Fernández
- Instituto de Neurociencias, Campus de San Juan; Universidad Miguel Hernández-CSIC; Spain
- Red de Trastornos Adictivos del Instituto de Salud Carlos III; Spain
| | - María Dolores Gutierrez-López
- Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina; Universidad Complutense, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre; Spain
- Red de Trastornos Adictivos del Instituto de Salud Carlos III; Spain
| | - Consuelo Guerri
- Departamento de Patología Celular; Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe; Spain
- Red de Trastornos Adictivos del Instituto de Salud Carlos III; Spain
| | - Jorge Manzanares
- Instituto de Neurociencias, Campus de San Juan; Universidad Miguel Hernández-CSIC; Spain
- Red de Trastornos Adictivos del Instituto de Salud Carlos III; Spain
| | - Esther O'Shea
- Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina; Universidad Complutense, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre; Spain
- Red de Trastornos Adictivos del Instituto de Salud Carlos III; Spain
| | - María Isabel Colado
- Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina; Universidad Complutense, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre; Spain
- Red de Trastornos Adictivos del Instituto de Salud Carlos III; Spain
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Sirtuin 1 Stimulation Attenuates Ischemic Liver Injury and Enhances Mitochondrial Recovery and Autophagy. Crit Care Med 2017; 44:e651-63. [PMID: 26963320 DOI: 10.1097/ccm.0000000000001637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Hepatic ischemia-reperfusion is a major clinical problem with limited treatment options. The pathophysiology of hepatic ischemia-reperfusion is characterized by mitochondrial dysfunction and cellular energy deficits. Sirtuin 1 is an energy-sensing enzyme known to modulate mitochondrial biogenesis. We hypothesized that pharmacologic activation of sirtuin 1 is protective after hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury. DESIGN Animal study. SETTING University-based experimental laboratory. SUBJECTS Wild-type C57BL/6 mice. INTERVENTIONS C57BL/6 mice were subjected to 60-minute partial hepatic ischemia-reperfusion and posttreated with sirtuin 1 activator, SRT1720 (20 mg/kg), or vehicle. Blood and liver were collected at 24 hours after ischemia-reperfusion for analyses of hepatic injury, adenosine triphosphate levels, mitochondrial mass, autophagy, inflammation, and oxidative stress. H4IIE hepatoma cells and rat primary hepatocytes were incubated with oxyrase to induce hypoxia followed by reoxygenation in the presence or absence of SRT1720 for assessment of mitochondrial mass, mitochondrial membrane potential, and autophagy. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS SRT1720 restored the reduction in mitochondrial mass, enhanced autophagy, and preserved adenosine triphosphate levels in the liver after ischemia-reperfusion, which was associated with a decrease in ischemia-reperfusion-induced hepatic injury, apoptosis, and necrosis. Ischemia-reperfusion-induced inflammation was also significantly reduced by SRT1720 as measured by systemic and hepatic cytokine and chemokine levels, as well as a decrease in neutrophil infiltration to the liver. Furthermore, oxidative stress was markedly attenuated in the SRT1720-treated mice compared with the vehicle. SRT1720 treatment increased adenosine triphosphate levels and survival of cultured hepatocytes after hypoxia-reoxygenation. SRT1720 not only increased the mitochondrial mass but also increased mitochondrial membrane potential per cell in cultured hepatocytes after hypoxia-reoxygenation. Moreover, SRT1720 prevented the hypoxia-reoxygenation-induced mitochondrial depolarization and resulted in an enhancement of autophagy in cultured hepatocytes after hypoxia-reoxygenation. CONCLUSIONS Pharmacologic stimulation of sirtuin 1 attenuates liver injury after hepatic ischemia-reperfusion by restoring mitochondrial mass and membrane potential, which is associated with the enhancement of autophagy.
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Chandrasekaran A, Idelchik MDPS, Melendez JA. Redox control of senescence and age-related disease. Redox Biol 2017; 11:91-102. [PMID: 27889642 PMCID: PMC5126126 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2016.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 208] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2016] [Accepted: 11/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The signaling networks that drive the aging process, associated functional deterioration, and pathologies has captured the scientific community's attention for decades. While many theories exist to explain the aging process, the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) provides a signaling link between engagement of cellular senescence and several age-associated pathologies. Cellular senescence has evolved to restrict tumor progression but the accompanying senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) promotes pathogenic pathways. Here, we review known biological theories of aging and how ROS mechanistically control senescence and the aging process. We also describe the redox-regulated signaling networks controlling the SASP and its important role in driving age-related diseases. Finally, we discuss progress in designing therapeutic strategies that manipulate the cellular redox environment to restrict age-associated pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akshaya Chandrasekaran
- SUNY Polytechnic Institute, Colleges of Nanoscale Science and Engineering, 257 Fuller Road, Albany, NY 12203, USA
| | | | - J Andrés Melendez
- SUNY Polytechnic Institute, Colleges of Nanoscale Science and Engineering, 257 Fuller Road, Albany, NY 12203, USA.
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35
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Senapati VA, Gupta GS, Pandey AK, Shanker R, Dhawan A, Kumar A. Zinc oxide nanoparticle induced age dependent immunotoxicity in BALB/c mice. Toxicol Res (Camb) 2017; 6:342-352. [PMID: 30090503 DOI: 10.1039/c6tx00439c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2016] [Accepted: 03/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles (NPs) have potential applications in cosmetics, food packaging and biomedicine but concerns regarding their safety need to be addressed. In the present study, the immunotoxic potential of ZnO NPs was evaluated in different ages of BALB/c mice after sub-acute exposure. The cytokine release, immunophenotyping, distribution of ZnO NPs and ultrastructural changes were assessed. A significant (p < 0.05) change in the CD4- and CD8-cells, levels of IL-6, IFN-γ and TNF-α and reactive oxygen species were observed in aged mice. In juvenile mice, increase in reactive oxygen species and IL-6 and TNF-α levels was observed with no significant changes in adult mice. A significant (p < 0.05) increase in the expression levels of mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascade proteins such as phospho-ERK1/2, phospho-JNK and phospho-p38 were also induced in aged mice. Collectively, our results indicate that the aged mice are more susceptible to ZnO NP induced immunotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Violet Aileen Senapati
- Division of Biological & Life Sciences , School of Arts & Sciences , Ahmedabad University , University Road , Ahmedabad 380009 , Gujarat , India . ; ; Tel: +91-79-26302414
| | - Govind Sharan Gupta
- Division of Biological & Life Sciences , School of Arts & Sciences , Ahmedabad University , University Road , Ahmedabad 380009 , Gujarat , India . ; ; Tel: +91-79-26302414
| | - Alok Kumar Pandey
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research , Vishvigyan Bhavan , 31 , Mahatma Gandhi Marg , P.O. Box 80 , Lucknow 226001 , Uttar Pradesh , India .
| | - Rishi Shanker
- Division of Biological & Life Sciences , School of Arts & Sciences , Ahmedabad University , University Road , Ahmedabad 380009 , Gujarat , India . ; ; Tel: +91-79-26302414
| | - Alok Dhawan
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research , Vishvigyan Bhavan , 31 , Mahatma Gandhi Marg , P.O. Box 80 , Lucknow 226001 , Uttar Pradesh , India .
| | - Ashutosh Kumar
- Division of Biological & Life Sciences , School of Arts & Sciences , Ahmedabad University , University Road , Ahmedabad 380009 , Gujarat , India . ; ; Tel: +91-79-26302414
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Dakup P, Gaddameedhi S. Impact of the Circadian Clock on UV-Induced DNA Damage Response and Photocarcinogenesis. Photochem Photobiol 2016; 93:296-303. [PMID: 27861965 DOI: 10.1111/php.12662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2016] [Accepted: 10/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The skin is in constant exposure to various external environmental stressors, including solar ultraviolet (UV) radiation. Various wavelengths of UV light are absorbed by the DNA and other molecules in the skin to cause DNA damage and induce oxidative stress. The exposure to excessive ultraviolet (UV) radiation and/or accumulation of damage over time can lead to photocarcinogenesis and photoaging. The nucleotide excision repair (NER) system is the sole mechanism for removing UV photoproduct damage from DNA, and genetic disruption of this repair pathway leads to the photosensitive disorder xeroderma pigmentosum (XP). Interestingly, recent work has shown that NER is controlled by the circadian clock, the body's natural time-keeping mechanism, through regulation of the rate-limiting repair factor xeroderma pigmentosum group A (XPA). Studies have shown reduced UV-induced skin cancer after UV exposure in the evening compared to the morning, which corresponds with times of high and low repair capacities, respectively. However, most studies of the circadian clock-NER connection have utilized murine models, and it is therefore important to translate these findings to humans to improve skin cancer prevention and chronotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panshak Dakup
- Experimental and Systems Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Washington State University, Spokane, WA
| | - Shobhan Gaddameedhi
- Experimental and Systems Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Washington State University, Spokane, WA.,Sleep and Performance Research Center, Washington State University, Spokane, WA
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Rossner P, Strapacova S, Stolcpartova J, Schmuczerova J, Milcova A, Neca J, Vlkova V, Brzicova T, Machala M, Topinka J. Toxic Effects of the Major Components of Diesel Exhaust in Human Alveolar Basal Epithelial Cells (A549). Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:E1393. [PMID: 27571070 PMCID: PMC5037673 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17091393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2016] [Revised: 07/01/2016] [Accepted: 08/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigated the toxicity of benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P), 1-nitropyrene (1-NP) and 3-nitrobenzanthrone (3-NBA) in A549 cells. Cells were treated for 4 h and 24 h with: B[a]P (0.1 and 1 μM), 1-NP (1 and 10 μM) and 3-NBA (0.5 and 5 μM). Bulky DNA adducts, lipid peroxidation, DNA and protein oxidation and mRNA expression of CYP1A1, CYP1B1, NQO1, POR, AKR1C2 and COX2 were analyzed. Bulky DNA adducts were induced after both treatment periods; the effect of 1-NP was weak. 3-NBA induced high levels of bulky DNA adducts even after 4-h treatment, suggesting rapid metabolic activation. Oxidative DNA damage was not affected. 1-NP caused protein oxidation and weak induction of lipid peroxidation after 4-h incubation. 3-NBA induced lipid peroxidation after 24-h treatment. Unlike B[a]P, induction of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor, measured as mRNA expression levels of CYP1A1 and CYP1B1, was low after treatment with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) nitro-derivatives. All test compounds induced mRNA expression of NQO1, POR, and AKR1C2 after 24-h treatment. AKR1C2 expression indicates involvement of processes associated with reactive oxygen species generation. This was supported further by COX2 expression induced by 24-h treatment with 1-NP. In summary, 3-NBA was the most potent genotoxicant, whereas 1-NP exhibited the strongest oxidative properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavel Rossner
- Institute of Experimental Medicine, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Videnska 1083, 142 20 Prague, Czech Republic.
| | - Simona Strapacova
- Veterinary Research Institute, Hudcova 70, 621 00 Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Jitka Stolcpartova
- Institute of Experimental Medicine, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Videnska 1083, 142 20 Prague, Czech Republic.
- Institute for Environmental Studies, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Benatska 2, 128 01 Prague 2, Czech Republic.
| | - Jana Schmuczerova
- Institute of Experimental Medicine, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Videnska 1083, 142 20 Prague, Czech Republic.
| | - Alena Milcova
- Institute of Experimental Medicine, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Videnska 1083, 142 20 Prague, Czech Republic.
| | - Jiri Neca
- Veterinary Research Institute, Hudcova 70, 621 00 Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Veronika Vlkova
- Institute of Experimental Medicine, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Videnska 1083, 142 20 Prague, Czech Republic.
| | - Tana Brzicova
- Institute of Experimental Medicine, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Videnska 1083, 142 20 Prague, Czech Republic.
| | - Miroslav Machala
- Veterinary Research Institute, Hudcova 70, 621 00 Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Jan Topinka
- Institute of Experimental Medicine, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Videnska 1083, 142 20 Prague, Czech Republic.
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Epigenetic Modulation as a Therapeutic Prospect for Treatment of Autoimmune Rheumatic Diseases. Mediators Inflamm 2016; 2016:9607946. [PMID: 27594771 PMCID: PMC4995328 DOI: 10.1155/2016/9607946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2016] [Accepted: 07/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Systemic inflammatory rheumatic diseases are considered as autoimmune diseases, meaning that the balance between recognition of pathogens and avoidance of self-attack is impaired and the immune system attacks and destroys its own healthy tissue. Treatment with conventional Disease Modifying Antirheumatic Drugs (DMARDs) and/or Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs) is often associated with various adverse reactions due to unspecific and toxic properties of those drugs. Although biologic drugs have largely improved the outcome in many patients, such drugs still pose significant problems and fail to provide a solution to all patients. Therefore, development of more effective treatments and improvements in early diagnosis of rheumatic diseases are badly needed in order to increase patient's functioning and quality of life. The reversible nature of epigenetic mechanisms offers a new class of drugs that modulate the immune system and inflammation. In fact, epigenetic drugs are already in use in some types of cancer or cardiovascular diseases. Therefore, epigenetic-based therapeutics that control autoimmunity and chronic inflammatory process have broad implications for the pathogenesis, diagnosis, and management of rheumatic diseases. This review summarises the latest information about potential therapeutic application of epigenetic modification in targeting immune abnormalities and inflammation of rheumatic diseases.
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Daniel KB, Callmann CE, Gianneschi NC, Cohen SM. Dual-responsive nanoparticles release cargo upon exposure to matrix metalloproteinase and reactive oxygen species. Chem Commun (Camb) 2016; 52:2126-8. [PMID: 26696280 DOI: 10.1039/c5cc09164k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Micellar nanoparticles were designed to be responsive to matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and reactive oxygen species (ROS), each of which is upregulated in the pathology of inflammatory diseases. The amphiphilic polymer-based nanoparticle system consists of a hydrophilic shell responsible for particle morphology change and aggregation, together with a hydrophobic block designed to release cargo in the presence of ROS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin B Daniel
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA.
| | - Cassandra E Callmann
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA.
| | - Nathan C Gianneschi
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA.
| | - Seth M Cohen
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA.
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Woo SM, Lee WK, Min KJ, Kim DE, Park SH, Nam SI, Kwon TK. Rottlerin induces cyclooxygenase-2 upregulation through an ATF4 and reactive oxygen species-independent pathway in HEI-OC1 cells. Mol Med Rep 2016; 14:845-50. [PMID: 27222046 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2016.5320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2015] [Accepted: 04/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Hearing loss can be caused by infection, inflammation, loud noise and ototoxic drugs. The induction of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX‑2) expression is an important event during the cellular inflammatory response. The present study investigated the effect of rottlerin on CO-2 mRNA and protein expression in HEI-OC1 cells. Cell viability was determined using an MTT assay. Western blotting was used to examine the expression of COX‑2, endoplasmic reticulum stress-associated transcription factors and activation of the MAPK pathway. ROS was measured using the fluorescent probe 2', 7'-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate. Treatment with the natural protein kinase C δ inhibitor, rottlerin, was shown to increase COX‑2 expression at the protein and mRNA levels in a dose‑dependent manner. Rottlerin was shown to induce increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, however, ROS were not critical for rottlerin‑induced upregulation of COX‑2 expression in HEI‑OC1 cells. In addition, rottlerin was shown to increase the phosphorylation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK). The pharmacological inhibition of p38MAPK and suppression of activating transcription factor 4 (an ER stress‑associated transcription factor) expression by small interfering RNA inhibited rottlerin-induced COX‑2 upregulation. Furthermore, COX‑2 expression levels were increased further when cells were treated with rottlerin and interleukin‑1β or protein kinase C activator, PMA. In conclusion, the results of the present study demonstrated that rottlerin is a novel inducer of COX‑2 expression and identified the mechanisms involved in this process. Rottlerin may be considered a potential activator of repair and remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seon Min Woo
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Keimyung University, Daegu 700712, Republic of Korea
| | - Woo Keun Lee
- Department of Otolaryngology, School of Medicine, Keimyung University, Daegu 700712, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyoung-Jin Min
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Keimyung University, Daegu 700712, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Eun Kim
- Department of Otolaryngology, School of Medicine, Keimyung University, Daegu 700712, Republic of Korea
| | - Soon Hyung Park
- Department of Otolaryngology, School of Medicine, Keimyung University, Daegu 700712, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Il Nam
- Department of Otolaryngology, School of Medicine, Keimyung University, Daegu 700712, Republic of Korea
| | - Taeg Kyu Kwon
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Keimyung University, Daegu 700712, Republic of Korea
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Malan M, Serem JC, Bester MJ, Neitz AWH, Gaspar ARM. Anti-inflammatory and anti-endotoxin properties of peptides derived from the carboxy-terminal region of a defensin from the tick Ornithodoros savignyi. J Pept Sci 2015; 22:43-51. [PMID: 26662999 DOI: 10.1002/psc.2838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2015] [Revised: 10/27/2015] [Accepted: 10/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides are small cationic peptides that possess a large spectrum of bioactivities, including antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities. Several antimicrobial peptides are known to inhibit lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammation in vitro and to protect animals from sepsis. In this study, the cellular anti-inflammatory and anti-endotoxin activities of Os and Os-C, peptides derived from the carboxy-terminal of a tick defensin, were investigated. Both Os and Os-C were found to bind LPS in vitro, albeit to a lesser extent than polymyxin B and melittin, known endotoxin-binding peptides. Binding to LPS was found to reduce the bactericidal activity of Os and Os-C against Escherichia coli confirming the affinity of both peptides for LPS. At a concentration of 25 µM, the nitric oxide (NO) scavenging activity of Os was higher than glutathione, a known NO scavenger. In contrast, Os-C showed no scavenging activity. Os and Os-C inhibited LPS/IFN-γ induced NO and TNF-α production in RAW 264.7 cells in a concentration-dependent manner, with no cellular toxicity even at a concentration of 100 µM. Although inhibition of NO and TNF-α secretion was more pronounced for melittin and polymyxin B, significant cytotoxicity was observed at concentrations of 1.56 µM and 25 µM for melittin and polymyxin B, respectively. In addition, Os, Os-C and glutathione protected RAW 264.7 cells from oxidative damage at concentrations as low as 25 µM. This study identified that besides previously reported antibacterial activity of Os and Os-C, both peptides have in addition anti-inflammatory and anti-endotoxin properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa Malan
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, 0002, South Africa
| | - June C Serem
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, 0002, South Africa
| | - Megan J Bester
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, 0002, South Africa
| | - Albert W H Neitz
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, 0002, South Africa
| | - Anabella R M Gaspar
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, 0002, South Africa
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Senapati VA, Kumar A, Gupta GS, Pandey AK, Dhawan A. ZnO nanoparticles induced inflammatory response and genotoxicity in human blood cells: A mechanistic approach. Food Chem Toxicol 2015; 85:61-70. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2015.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2015] [Revised: 06/26/2015] [Accepted: 06/27/2015] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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Madrigal-Matute J, Fernandez-Garcia CE, Blanco-Colio LM, Burillo E, Fortuño A, Martinez-Pinna R, Llamas-Granda P, Beloqui O, Egido J, Zalba G, Martin-Ventura JL. Thioredoxin-1/peroxiredoxin-1 as sensors of oxidative stress mediated by NADPH oxidase activity in atherosclerosis. Free Radic Biol Med 2015; 86:352-61. [PMID: 26117319 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2015.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2014] [Revised: 04/13/2015] [Accepted: 06/16/2015] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
To assess the potential association between TRX-1/PRX-1 and NADPH oxidase (Nox) activity in vivo and in vitro, TRX-1/PRX-1 levels were assessed by ELISA in 84 asymptomatic subjects with known phagocytic NADPH oxidase activity and carotid intima-media thickness (IMT). We found a positive correlation between TRX-1/PRX-1 and NADPH oxidase-dependent superoxide production (r=0.48 and 0.47; p<0.001 for both) and IMT (r=0.31 and 0.36; p<0.01 for both) adjusted by age and sex. Moreover, asymptomatic subjects with plaques have higher PRX-1 and TRX plasma levels (p<0.01 for both). These data were confirmed in a second study in which patients with carotid atherosclerosis showed higher PRX-1 and TRX plasma levels than healthy subjects (p<0.001 for both). In human atherosclerotic plaques, the NADPH oxidase subunit p22phox colocalized with TRX-1/PRX-1 in macrophages (immunohistochemistry). In monocytes and macrophages, phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) induced NADPH activation and TRX-1/PRX-1 release to the extracellular medium, with a concomitant decrease in their intracellular levels, which was reversed by the NADPH inhibitor apocynin (Western blot). In loss-of-function experiments, genetic silencing of the NADPH oxidase subunit Nox2 blocked PMA-induced intracellular TRX-1/PRX-1 downregulation in macrophages. Furthermore, the PMA-induced release of TRX-1/PRX-1 involves the modulation of their redox status and exosome-like vesicles. TRX-1/PRX-1 levels are associated with NADPH oxidase-activity in vivo and in vitro. These data could suggest a coordinated antioxidant response to oxidative stress in atherothrombosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julio Madrigal-Matute
- Vascular Research Laboratory, ISS-Fundación Jimenez Diaz, Autonoma University, 28040 Madrid, Spain; Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | | | - Luis Miguel Blanco-Colio
- Vascular Research Laboratory, ISS-Fundación Jimenez Diaz, Autonoma University, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Elena Burillo
- Vascular Research Laboratory, ISS-Fundación Jimenez Diaz, Autonoma University, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Fortuño
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, Center for Applied Medical Research University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Roxana Martinez-Pinna
- Vascular Research Laboratory, ISS-Fundación Jimenez Diaz, Autonoma University, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Patricia Llamas-Granda
- Vascular Research Laboratory, ISS-Fundación Jimenez Diaz, Autonoma University, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Oscar Beloqui
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Clinic, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Jesus Egido
- Vascular Research Laboratory, ISS-Fundación Jimenez Diaz, Autonoma University, 28040 Madrid, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas, Madrid, Spain
| | - Guillermo Zalba
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, Center for Applied Medical Research University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - José Luis Martin-Ventura
- Vascular Research Laboratory, ISS-Fundación Jimenez Diaz, Autonoma University, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
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Serban AI, Stanca L, Sima C, Staicu AC, Zarnescu O, Dinischiotu A. Complex responses to Si quantum dots accumulation in carp liver tissue: Beyond oxidative stress. Chem Biol Interact 2015; 239:56-66. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2015.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2015] [Revised: 06/04/2015] [Accepted: 06/08/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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Zanin RF, Bergamin LS, Morrone FB, Coutinho-Silva R, de Souza Wyse AT, Battastini AMO. Pathological concentrations of homocysteine increases IL-1β production in macrophages in a P2X7, NF-ĸB, and erk-dependent manner. Purinergic Signal 2015; 11:463-70. [PMID: 26265456 DOI: 10.1007/s11302-015-9464-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2015] [Accepted: 07/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Elevated plasma levels of homocysteine (Hcy) are associated with the development of coronary artery disease (CAD), peripheral vascular disease, and atherosclerosis. Hyperhomocysteinemia is likely related to the enhanced production of pro-inflammatory cytokines including IL-1β. However, the mechanisms underlying the effects of Hcy in immune cells are not completely understood. Recent studies have established a link between macrophage accumulation, cytokine IL-1β, and the advance of vascular diseases. The purpose of the present study is to investigate the effects of Hcy on IL-1β secretion by murine macrophages. Hcy (100 μM) increases IL-1β synthesis via enhancement of P2X7 expression and NF-ĸB and ERK activation in murine macrophages. In addition, the antioxidant agent N-acetylcysteine (NAC) reduces NF-κB activation, ERK phosphorylation, and IL-1β production in Hcy-exposed macrophages, indicating the importance of ROS in this pro-inflammatory process. In summary, our results show that Hcy may be involved in the synthesis and secretion of IL-1β via NF-ĸB, ERK, and P2X7 stimulation in murine macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Fernandes Zanin
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS, 2600-anexo, CEP 90035-003, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil. .,Faculdades de Farmácia, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular e Instituto de Toxicologia e Farmacologia, Pontificia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul - PUCRS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil. .,Mestrado em Saúde e Desenvolvimento Humano do Unilasalle, Canoas, RS, Brazil.
| | - Letícia Scussel Bergamin
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS, 2600-anexo, CEP 90035-003, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Bueno Morrone
- Faculdades de Farmácia, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular e Instituto de Toxicologia e Farmacologia, Pontificia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul - PUCRS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Robson Coutinho-Silva
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro - UFRJ, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Angela Terezinha de Souza Wyse
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS, 2600-anexo, CEP 90035-003, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Ana Maria Oliveira Battastini
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS, 2600-anexo, CEP 90035-003, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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Madrigal-Matute J, Fernandez-Laso V, Sastre C, Llamas-Granda P, Egido J, Martin-Ventura JL, Zalba G, Blanco-Colio LM. TWEAK/Fn14 interaction promotes oxidative stress through NADPH oxidase activation in macrophages. Cardiovasc Res 2015. [PMID: 26224570 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvv204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM The interaction between TNF-like weak inducer of apoptosis (TWEAK, Tnfsf12) and the receptor, fibroblast growth factor-inducible 14 (Fn14), regulates vascular damage through different mechanisms, including inflammation. Oxidative stress plays a major role in inflammation and the development of atherosclerosis, but the relationship between TWEAK and oxidative stress is, however, poorly understood. METHODS AND RESULTS In this study, we found that TWEAK and Fn14 are co-localized with the NADPH subunits, p22phox and Nox2, in human advanced atherosclerotic plaques. Using primary human macrophages and a murine macrophage cell line, we demonstrate that TWEAK promotes ROS production and enhances NADPH oxidase activity. Hence, we show a direct involvement of the TWEAK-Fn14 axis in oxidative stress, as genetic silencing of Fn14 or Nox2 abrogates the TWEAK-induced ROS production. Furthermore, our results point at Rac1 as an upstream mediator of TWEAK during oxidative stress. Finally, using an in vivo murine model we confirmed the major role of TWEAK in oxidative stress, as genetic silencing of Tnfsf12 in an ApoE(-/-) background reduces the number of DHE and 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine-positive macrophages by 50%. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that TWEAK regulates vascular damage by stimulating ROS production in an Nox2-dependent manner. These new insights into the TWEAK/Fn14 axis underline their potential use as therapeutic targets in atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julio Madrigal-Matute
- Vascular Research Lab, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Autonoma University, Av. Reyes Católicos 2, 28040 Madrid, Spain Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Valvanera Fernandez-Laso
- Vascular Research Lab, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Autonoma University, Av. Reyes Católicos 2, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Cristina Sastre
- Vascular Research Lab, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Autonoma University, Av. Reyes Católicos 2, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Patricia Llamas-Granda
- Vascular Research Lab, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Autonoma University, Av. Reyes Católicos 2, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Jesús Egido
- Vascular Research Lab, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Autonoma University, Av. Reyes Católicos 2, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - José Luis Martin-Ventura
- Vascular Research Lab, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Autonoma University, Av. Reyes Católicos 2, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Guillermo Zalba
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, CIMA University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Luis Miguel Blanco-Colio
- Vascular Research Lab, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Autonoma University, Av. Reyes Católicos 2, 28040 Madrid, Spain
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Dias JP, Gariépy HDB, Ongali B, Couture R. Brain kinin B1 receptor is upregulated by the oxidative stress and its activation leads to stereotypic nociceptive behavior in insulin-resistant rats. Peptides 2015; 69:118-26. [PMID: 25959537 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2015.04.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2015] [Revised: 04/24/2015] [Accepted: 04/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Kinin B1 receptor (B1R) is virtually absent under physiological condition, yet it is highly expressed in models of diabetes mellitus. This study aims at determining: (1) whether B1R is induced in the brain of insulin-resistant rat through the oxidative stress; (2) the consequence of B1R activation on stereotypic nocifensive behavior; (3) the role of downstream putative mediators in B1R-induced behavioral activity. Sprague-Dawley rats were fed with 10% D-glucose in their drinking water or tap water (controls) for 4 or 12 weeks, combined either with a standard chow diet or a diet enriched with α-lipoic acid (1 g/kg feed) for 4 weeks. The distribution and density of brain B1R binding sites were assessed by autoradiography. Behavioral activity evoked by i.c.v. injection of the B1R agonist Sar-[D-Phe(8)]-des-Arg(9)-BK (10 μg) was measured before and after i.c.v. treatments with selective antagonists (10 μg) for kinin B1 (R-715, SSR240612), tachykinin NK1 (RP-67580) and glutamate NMDA (DL-AP5) receptors or with the inhibitor of NOS (L-NNA). Results showed significant increases of B1R binding sites in various brain areas of glucose-fed rats that could be prevented by the diet containing α-lipoic acid. The B1R agonist elicited head scratching, grooming, sniffing, rearing, digging, licking, face washing, wet dog shake, teeth chattering and biting in glucose-fed rats, which were absent after treatment with α-lipoic acid or antagonists/inhibitors. Data suggest that kinin B1R is upregulated by the oxidative stress in the brain of insulin-resistant rats and its activation causes stereotypic nocifensive behavior through the release of substance P, glutamate and NO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenny Pena Dias
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, C.P. 6128, Succursale Centre-ville, Montréal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Helaine De Brito Gariépy
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, C.P. 6128, Succursale Centre-ville, Montréal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Brice Ongali
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, C.P. 6128, Succursale Centre-ville, Montréal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Réjean Couture
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, C.P. 6128, Succursale Centre-ville, Montréal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada.
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Liu W, Peng Y, Yin Y, Zhou Z, Zhou W, Dai Y. The involvement of NADPH oxidase-mediated ROS in cytokine secretion from macrophages induced by Mycobacterium tuberculosis ESAT-6. Inflammation 2015; 37:880-92. [PMID: 24408010 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-013-9808-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The 6-kDa early secretory antigenic target (ESAT-6) of Mycobacterium tuberculosis is strongly correlated with subversion of innate immune responses against invading mycobacteria. To understand the role of ESAT-6 in macrophage response against M. tuberculosis, the effects of ESAT-6 on macrophage generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and production of cytokines were studied. ESAT-6-induced macrophage secretion of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 and TNF-α was found in a time- and dose-dependent manner. Signaling inhibition experiments indicate that NF-κB activation mediated by p38/JNK mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) was involved in ESAT-6-triggered cytokine production. Moreover, TLR2 was engaged in ESAT-6-stimulated macrophage activation via rapidly induced ROS production and regulated activation of JNK/p38 MAPKs and NF-κB. More importantly, NADPH oxidase-mediated ROS generation is required during this process. Our study has identified a novel signal transduction pathway involving NADPH-ROS-JNK/p38-NF-κB in ESAT-6-induced cytokine production from macrophages. These findings provide an important evidence to understand the pathogenesis of M. tuberculosis infection in the modulation of the immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Liu
- Department of Immunology, Tongji University School of Medicine, Medical Research Building, Rm F509, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai, 200092, China
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Hassan MH, Bahashawan SA, Abdelghany TM, Abd-Allah GM, Ghobara MM. Crocin Abrogates Carbon Tetrachloride-Induced Renal Toxicity in Rats via Modulation of Metabolizing Enzymes and Diminution of Oxidative Stress, Apoptosis, and Inflammatory Cytokines. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2015; 29:330-9. [PMID: 25899501 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.21702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2015] [Revised: 02/07/2015] [Accepted: 03/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
This work aimed at investigating the potential modulatory effects and mechanisms of crocin against CCl4 -induced nephrotoxicity. Forty male rats were allocated for three weeks treatment with corn oil, CCl4 , crocin, or crocin plus CCl4 . Crocin effectively mitigated CCl4 -induced kidney injury as evidenced by amelioration of alterations in kidney histopathology, renal weight/100 g body weight ratio and kidney functions. Crocin modulated CCl4 -induced disturbance of kidney cytochrom-P450 subfamily 2E1 and glutathione-S-transferase. The attenuation of crocin to kidney injury was also associated with suppression of oxidative stress via reduction of lipid peroxides along with induction of renal glutathione content and enhancement of superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, and catalase activities. Crocin mitigated CCl4 -induced elevation of the renal levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin-6, prostaglandin E2, and active caspases-3. Collectively, crocin alleviated CCl4 -induced renal damage via modulation of kidney metabolizing enzymes, suppression of oxidative stress, inhibition of inflammatory cytokines, PGE2, and active caspase3 in kidney.
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Affiliation(s)
- Memy H Hassan
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Taibah University, El-Madinah El-Munaworah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.,Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy Al-Azahr University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Saleh A Bahashawan
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Taibah University, El-Madinah El-Munaworah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Tamer M Abdelghany
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy Al-Azahr University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Gamil M Abd-Allah
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy Al-Azahr University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed M Ghobara
- Department of Medical Laboratories Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Taibah University, El-Madinah El-Munaworah, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
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Saravanan PB, Shanmuganathan MV, Ramanathan M. Telmisartan attenuated LPS-induced neuroinflammation in human IMR-32 neuronal cell line via SARM in AT1R independent mechanism. Life Sci 2015; 130:88-96. [PMID: 25816983 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2015.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2014] [Revised: 02/11/2015] [Accepted: 03/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
AIM The aim of this study was to find the protective role of Telmisartan (TS) in LPS intoxicated neuronal cells and elucidate the possible neuroprotective mechanism of action. MAIN METHODS TLR4 and AT1R specific primers were designed and used in rtPCR to confirm the receptor expression in IMR-32 and Neuro2A cell lines. The protective effect of TS was assayed by MTT assay. The mechanism of action of TS was elucidated by assessing the expression and activation of TLR4 specific adaptor proteins SARM and MyD88, phosphorylated NFκB, PPARγ, MAPK p38, c-JNK, ERK by Western blotting. Selective PPARγ antagonist GW9662 was used to confirm the link between PPARγ activation and TLR4 mediated NFκB inflammatory mechanisms. The pro-inflammatory cytokines TNFα, IL1β, and IL-6 and anti-inflammatory cytokine IL10 release were measured by ELISA. KEY FINDINGS IMR-32 cells expressed TLR4 receptor and Neuro2A cells expressed both AT1R and TLR4 receptors. TS significantly protected both the cell lines from LPS intoxication. TS significantly suppressed the TLR4 mediated inflammatory response by PPARγ and SARM protein activation and the effect was reversed significantly by selective PPARγ antagonist GW9662, confirming the existence of link between PPARγ activation and TLR4 mediated inflammation via SARM. SIGNIFICANCE LPS intoxicated human neuronal IMR-32 cells can be a good in vitro model to study inflammatory mediated neurodegeneration due to TLR4 receptor expression. Our study strongly recommends that the PPARγ activating pleiotropic effect of TS is responsible for the protective effect in LPS induced TLR4 mediated inflammation via SARM adaptor protein in the IMR-32 cell line.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Muthiah Ramanathan
- Department of Pharmacology, PSG College of Pharmacy, Coimbatore 641004, India.
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