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Pyrzynska K, Sentkowska A. Selenium Species in Diabetes Mellitus Type 2. Biol Trace Elem Res 2024; 202:2993-3004. [PMID: 37880477 PMCID: PMC11074226 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-023-03900-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
Selenium is an important trace element for humans and animals as it plays a key role in several major metabolic pathways. Several studies were conducted to better understand the role of selenium against diabetes mellitus (DM), particularly type 2 (T2DM), but the obtained conclusions are contradictory. A simple linear relationship does not exist between the risk of T2DM and selenium levels but is best represented in a dose-dependent manner, getting often the U-graph. This relation also depends on selenium chemical forms that are present in a diet or supplements. Both too low and too high selenium intakes could increase the risk of diabetes. Moreover, the baseline status of Se should be taken into consideration to avoid over-supplementation. The focus of this brief overview is to report the recent updates concerning selenium participation in diabetes mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krystyna Pyrzynska
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Pasteur Str. 1, 02-093, Warsaw, Poland.
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Cai X, Hu Z, Zhang M, Dang Q, Yang Q, Zhao X, Zhu Y, Zhang Y, Wei Y, Fang H, Yu H. Dosage-effect of selenium supplementation on blood glucose and oxidative stress in type 2 diabetes mellitus and normal mice. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2024; 83:127410. [PMID: 38377660 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2024.127410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The effectiveness of selenium (Se) supplementation on glycemic control is disparate. OBJECTIVE This study aims to evaluate the effects of different dosages of Se diets on the blood glucose in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM, db/db) and normal (db/m) mice. METHODS The db/db and db/m mice were fed with different dosages of Se supplemented diets (0, 0.1, 0.3, 0.9, 2.7 mg/kg) for 12 weeks, respectively. Se concentrations of tissues, physical and biochemical characteristics, oxidative stress indexes and gene expression related to glucose, lipid metabolism and Se transporters of liver were detected. RESULTS The Se concentrations in tissues were related to the dosages of Se supplementation in db/db (blood: slope=11.69, r = 0.924; skeletal muscle: slope=0.36, r = 0.505; liver: slope=22.12, r = 0.828; kidney: slope=11.81, r = 0.736) and db/m mice (blood: slope=19.89, r = 0.876; skeletal muscle: slope=2.80, r = 0.883; liver: slope=44.75, r = 0.717; kidney: slope=60.15, r = 0.960). Compared with Se2.7 group, the fasting blood glucose (FBG) levels of Se0.1 and Se0.3 group were decreased at week3 in db/db mice. Compared with control (Se0) group, the FBG levels of Se2.7 group were increased from week6 to week12 in db/m mice. The oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) showed that the area under the curve (AUC) of Se0.3 group was lower than that of Se0.9 and Se2.7 group in db/m mice. Furthermore, compared with control group, the malondialdehyde (MDA) level in skeletal muscle of Se0.1 group was decreased, while that of Se2.7 group was increased in db/db mice; the glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity in skeletal muscle of Se0.3, Se0.9 and Se2.7 group was increased both in db/db and db/m mice. For db/db mice, glucose-6-phosphatase catalytic (G6pc) expression of other groups were lower and fatty acid synthase (Fasn) expression of Se0.9 group were lower compared with Se0.3 group. For db/m mice, compared with Se0.3 group, (peroxisome proliferative activated receptor gamma coactivator 1 alpha) Pgc-1α expression of control and Se0.9 group were higher; (phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase 1) Pck1 expression of Se0.1, Se0.9, and Se2.7 group were higher. CONCLUSION Low dosages (0.1 and 0.3 mg/kg) of Se supplementation exerted beneficial effects on FBG levels and glucose tolerance through regulating hepatic glycolysis and gluconeogenesis and inhibit the oxidative stress while high dosages of Se (0.9 and 2.7 mg/kg) supplementation enhanced FBG levels, impaired glucose tolerance and aggravate oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaxia Cai
- School of Public Health, Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China; Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China
| | - Zhuo Hu
- School of Public Health, Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China; Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China
| | - Mingyuan Zhang
- School of Public Health, Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China; Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China; China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Beijing 100022, PR China
| | - Qinyu Dang
- School of Public Health, Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China; Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China
| | - Qian Yang
- School of Public Health, Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China; Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China
| | - Xiaoyan Zhao
- School of Public Health, Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China; Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China
| | - Yandi Zhu
- School of Public Health, Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China; Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China
| | - Yadi Zhang
- School of Public Health, Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China; Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China
| | - Yuchen Wei
- School of Public Health, Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China; Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China
| | - Haiqin Fang
- China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Beijing 100022, PR China.
| | - Huanling Yu
- School of Public Health, Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China; Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China.
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Napiórkowska-Baran K, Treichel P, Czarnowska M, Drozd M, Koperska K, Węglarz A, Schmidt O, Darwish S, Szymczak B, Bartuzi Z. Immunomodulation through Nutrition Should Be a Key Trend in Type 2 Diabetes Treatment. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:3769. [PMID: 38612580 PMCID: PMC11011461 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25073769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
An organism's ability to function properly depends not solely on its diet but also on the intake of nutrients and non-nutritive bioactive compounds that exert immunomodulatory effects. This principle applies both to healthy individuals and, in particular, to those with concomitant chronic conditions, such as type 2 diabetes. However, the current food industry and the widespread use of highly processed foods often lead to nutritional deficiencies. Numerous studies have confirmed the occurrence of immune system dysfunction in patients with type 2 diabetes. This article elucidates the impact of specific nutrients on the immune system function, which maintains homeostasis of the organism, with a particular emphasis on type 2 diabetes. The role of macronutrients, micronutrients, vitamins, and selected substances, such as omega-3 fatty acids, coenzyme Q10, and alpha-lipoic acid, was taken into consideration, which outlined the minimum range of tests that ought to be performed on patients in order to either directly or indirectly determine the severity of malnutrition in this group of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Napiórkowska-Baran
- Department of Allergology, Clinical Immunology and Internal Diseases, Collegium Medicum Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University Toruń, 85-067 Bydgoszcz, Poland;
| | - Paweł Treichel
- Student Research Club of Clinical Immunology, Department of Allergology, Clinical Immunology and Internal Diseases, Collegium Medicum Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University Toruń, 85-067 Bydgoszcz, Poland; (P.T.); (M.C.); (M.D.); (K.K.); (A.W.); (O.S.); (S.D.); (B.S.)
| | - Marta Czarnowska
- Student Research Club of Clinical Immunology, Department of Allergology, Clinical Immunology and Internal Diseases, Collegium Medicum Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University Toruń, 85-067 Bydgoszcz, Poland; (P.T.); (M.C.); (M.D.); (K.K.); (A.W.); (O.S.); (S.D.); (B.S.)
| | - Magdalena Drozd
- Student Research Club of Clinical Immunology, Department of Allergology, Clinical Immunology and Internal Diseases, Collegium Medicum Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University Toruń, 85-067 Bydgoszcz, Poland; (P.T.); (M.C.); (M.D.); (K.K.); (A.W.); (O.S.); (S.D.); (B.S.)
| | - Kinga Koperska
- Student Research Club of Clinical Immunology, Department of Allergology, Clinical Immunology and Internal Diseases, Collegium Medicum Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University Toruń, 85-067 Bydgoszcz, Poland; (P.T.); (M.C.); (M.D.); (K.K.); (A.W.); (O.S.); (S.D.); (B.S.)
| | - Agata Węglarz
- Student Research Club of Clinical Immunology, Department of Allergology, Clinical Immunology and Internal Diseases, Collegium Medicum Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University Toruń, 85-067 Bydgoszcz, Poland; (P.T.); (M.C.); (M.D.); (K.K.); (A.W.); (O.S.); (S.D.); (B.S.)
| | - Oskar Schmidt
- Student Research Club of Clinical Immunology, Department of Allergology, Clinical Immunology and Internal Diseases, Collegium Medicum Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University Toruń, 85-067 Bydgoszcz, Poland; (P.T.); (M.C.); (M.D.); (K.K.); (A.W.); (O.S.); (S.D.); (B.S.)
| | - Samira Darwish
- Student Research Club of Clinical Immunology, Department of Allergology, Clinical Immunology and Internal Diseases, Collegium Medicum Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University Toruń, 85-067 Bydgoszcz, Poland; (P.T.); (M.C.); (M.D.); (K.K.); (A.W.); (O.S.); (S.D.); (B.S.)
| | - Bartłomiej Szymczak
- Student Research Club of Clinical Immunology, Department of Allergology, Clinical Immunology and Internal Diseases, Collegium Medicum Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University Toruń, 85-067 Bydgoszcz, Poland; (P.T.); (M.C.); (M.D.); (K.K.); (A.W.); (O.S.); (S.D.); (B.S.)
| | - Zbigniew Bartuzi
- Department of Allergology, Clinical Immunology and Internal Diseases, Collegium Medicum Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University Toruń, 85-067 Bydgoszcz, Poland;
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Wang Q, Wang J, Zhang X, Liu Y, Han F, Xiang X, Guo Y, Huang ZW. Increased Expression of PHGDH Under High-Selenium Stress In Vivo. Biol Trace Elem Res 2024:10.1007/s12011-024-04079-7. [PMID: 38277119 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-024-04079-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/21/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to explore the glycolytic remodeling under high-selenium (Se) stress. Three groups of male C57BL/6J mice were fed on diets with different Se contents (0.03, 0.15, and 0.30 mg Se/kg). Glucose tolerance test (GTT) and insulin tolerance test (ITT) were measured at the third month. Mice were killed at the fourth month. Plasma, liver, and muscle tissues were fetched for biochemistry and Se analysis. The expressions of insulin signaling pathway (PI3K-AKT-mTOR), glutathione peroxidase 1 (GPX1), selenoprotein N (SELENON), 3-phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase (PHGDH), serine hydroxymethyltransferases 1 (SHMT1), 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR), and methionine synthase (MS) were analyzed by western blotting (WB) in liver and muscle tissues. The results of GTT and ITT showed that glucose tolerance and insulin tolerance were both abnormal in the 0.03 mg Se/kg and 0.3 mg Se/kg groups. Se concentrations in plasma, liver, and muscle of 0.03 mg Se/kg group were significantly lower than that of 0.15 mg Se/kg and 0.30 mg Se/kg groups (p < 0.05 or p < 0.01). The expressions of P-Akt (Thr-308) in muscle (p < 0.05) and PI3K and mTOR in liver (p < 0.001) of 0.30 mg Se/kg group were downregulated. The expressions of GPX1 in liver and muscle (p < 0.05 and p < 0.001), SELENON in muscle (p < 0.05), PHGDH in liver and muscle (p < 0.05), and SHMT1 (p < 0.05), MTHFR (p < 0.001), and MS (p < 0.001) in muscle of 0.3 mg Se/kg group were upregulated. The de novo serine synthesis pathway (SSP) was found to be activated in liver and muscle tissues of mice with a high-Se diet for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Wang
- Department of Nutrition and Metabolism, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Jianrong Wang
- Department of Nutrition and Metabolism, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Xue Zhang
- Department of Nutrition and Metabolism, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Yiqun Liu
- Department of Nutrition and Metabolism, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Feng Han
- Department of Nutrition and Metabolism, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Xuesong Xiang
- Department of Nutrition and Metabolism, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Yanbin Guo
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Zhen-Wu Huang
- The Key Laboratory of Trace Element Nutrition, National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China, Beijing, China.
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Chen P, Shaghaleh H, Hamoud YA, Wang J, Pei W, Yuan X, Liu J, Qiao C, Xia W, Wang J. Selenium-Containing Organic Fertilizer Application Affects Yield, Quality, and Distribution of Selenium in Wheat. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:1849. [PMID: 37763253 PMCID: PMC10532816 DOI: 10.3390/life13091849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
This study was designed to investigate the effect on wheat yield of applying organic fertilizers (OF) with five different selenium (Se) concentrations. The mineral nutrients, cadmium (Cd) content, and the distribution of Se in wheat plants were also measured. The results showed that wheat yields reached a maximum of 9979.78 kg ha-1 in Mengcheng (MC) County and 8868.97 kg ha-1 in Dingyuan (DY) County, Anhui Province, China when the application amount of selenium-containing organic fertilizer (SOF) was up to 600 kg ha-1. Among the six mineral nutrients measured, only the calcium (Ca) content of the grains significantly increased with an increase in the application amount of SOF in the two regions under study. Cd content showed antagonistic effects with the Se content of wheat grains, and when the SOF was applied at 1200 kg ha-1, the Cd content of the grains was significantly reduced by 30.1% in MC and 67.3% in DY, compared with under the Se0 treatment. After application of SOF, the Se content of different parts of the wheat plant ranked root > grain > spike-stalk > glume > leaf > stem. In summary, SOF application at a suitable concentration could increase wheat yields and significantly promote the Ca content of the grains. Meanwhile, the addition of Se effectively inhibited the level of toxic Cd in the wheat grains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Chen
- Key Lab of Bio-Organic Fertilizer Creation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Anhui Science and Technology University, Bengbu 233030, China; (P.C.); (J.W.); (W.P.); (X.Y.); (J.L.); (C.Q.); (W.X.)
| | - Hiba Shaghaleh
- College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China;
| | - Yousef Alhaj Hamoud
- College of Hydrology and Water Resources, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China;
| | - Jing Wang
- Key Lab of Bio-Organic Fertilizer Creation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Anhui Science and Technology University, Bengbu 233030, China; (P.C.); (J.W.); (W.P.); (X.Y.); (J.L.); (C.Q.); (W.X.)
| | - Wenxia Pei
- Key Lab of Bio-Organic Fertilizer Creation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Anhui Science and Technology University, Bengbu 233030, China; (P.C.); (J.W.); (W.P.); (X.Y.); (J.L.); (C.Q.); (W.X.)
| | - Xianfu Yuan
- Key Lab of Bio-Organic Fertilizer Creation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Anhui Science and Technology University, Bengbu 233030, China; (P.C.); (J.W.); (W.P.); (X.Y.); (J.L.); (C.Q.); (W.X.)
| | - Jianjian Liu
- Key Lab of Bio-Organic Fertilizer Creation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Anhui Science and Technology University, Bengbu 233030, China; (P.C.); (J.W.); (W.P.); (X.Y.); (J.L.); (C.Q.); (W.X.)
| | - Cece Qiao
- Key Lab of Bio-Organic Fertilizer Creation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Anhui Science and Technology University, Bengbu 233030, China; (P.C.); (J.W.); (W.P.); (X.Y.); (J.L.); (C.Q.); (W.X.)
| | - Wenhui Xia
- Key Lab of Bio-Organic Fertilizer Creation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Anhui Science and Technology University, Bengbu 233030, China; (P.C.); (J.W.); (W.P.); (X.Y.); (J.L.); (C.Q.); (W.X.)
| | - Jianfei Wang
- Key Lab of Bio-Organic Fertilizer Creation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Anhui Science and Technology University, Bengbu 233030, China; (P.C.); (J.W.); (W.P.); (X.Y.); (J.L.); (C.Q.); (W.X.)
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Golara A, Kozłowski M, Guzik P, Kwiatkowski S, Cymbaluk-Płoska A. The Role of Selenium and Manganese in the Formation, Diagnosis and Treatment of Cervical, Endometrial and Ovarian Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10887. [PMID: 37446063 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241310887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Selenium (Se) and manganese (Mn) are essential micronutrients that are important elements of cell metabolism. They are involved in the composition of enzyme systems and regulate enzyme activity. Disturbances in the homeostasis of these micronutrients affect the development of many diseases and carcinogenesis, which can be linked to increased levels of oxidative stress and impaired antioxidant properties of many enzymes. Selenium has a very important function in maintaining immune-endocrine, metabolic and cellular homeostasis. Manganese, on the other hand, is important in development, digestion, reproduction, antioxidant defense, energy production, immune response and regulation of neuronal activity. We review the role of selenium and manganese and their effects on tumor growth, metastasis potential and remodeling of the microenvironment. We also describe their role as potential biomarkers in the diagnosis and the potential for the use of Se- and Mn-containing compounds in composition for the treatment of cancer of the reproductive organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Golara
- Department of Reconstructive Surgery and Gynecological Oncology, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Al. Powstańców Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Mateusz Kozłowski
- Department of Reconstructive Surgery and Gynecological Oncology, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Al. Powstańców Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Paweł Guzik
- Clinical Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, City Hospital, 35-241 Rzeszów, Poland
| | - Sebastian Kwiatkowski
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Al. Powstańców Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Aneta Cymbaluk-Płoska
- Department of Reconstructive Surgery and Gynecological Oncology, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Al. Powstańców Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland
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Alharithy M, Alafif N. Association of Selenium Intake and Selenium Concentrations with Risk of Type 2 Diabetes in Adults: A Narrative Review. Metabolites 2023; 13:767. [PMID: 37367924 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13060767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 06/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Several recent studies have suggested selenium (Se) as a potential risk factor for diabetes mellitus (DM); however, the relationship between high Se levels and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) risk remains unclear. This review article aimed to provide a comprehensive discussion to clarify the association between high dietary Se intake and blood Se concentrations and the risk of T2DM among adults. We conducted searches in the PubMed, Science Direct, and Google Scholar databases for the years 2016 to 2022 and evaluated 12 articles from systematic reviews, meta-analyses, cohort studies, and cross-sectional studies. This review found a controversial association between high blood Se concentrations and T2DM risk while demonstrating a positive correlation with DM risk. In contrast, there are conflicting results regarding the association between high dietary Se intake and T2DM risk. Thus, longitudinal studies and randomized controlled trials are needed to better elucidate the link.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maha Alharithy
- Department of Community Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11433, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nora Alafif
- Department of Community Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11433, Saudi Arabia
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Biological Activity of Selenium and Its Impact on Human Health. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032633. [PMID: 36768955 PMCID: PMC9917223 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Selenium (Se) is a naturally occurring metalloid element essential to human and animal health in trace amounts but it is harmful in excess. Se plays a substantial role in the functioning of the human organism. It is incorporated into selenoproteins, thus supporting antioxidant defense systems. Selenoproteins participate in the metabolism of thyroid hormones, control reproductive functions and exert neuroprotective effects. Among the elements, Se has one of the narrowest ranges between dietary deficiency and toxic levels. Its level of toxicity may depend on chemical form, as inorganic and organic species have distinct biological properties. Over the last decades, optimization of population Se intake for the prevention of diseases related to Se deficiency or excess has been recognized as a pressing issue in modern healthcare worldwide. Low selenium status has been associated with an increased risk of mortality, poor immune function, cognitive decline, and thyroid dysfunction. On the other hand, Se concentrations slightly above its nutritional levels have been shown to have adverse effects on a broad spectrum of neurological functions and to increase the risk of type-2 diabetes. Comprehension of the selenium biochemical pathways under normal physiological conditions is therefore an important issue to elucidate its effect on human diseases. This review gives an overview of the role of Se in human health highlighting the effects of its deficiency and excess in the body. The biological activity of Se, mainly performed through selenoproteins, and its epigenetic effect is discussed. Moreover, a brief overview of selenium phytoremediation and rhizofiltration approaches is reported.
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Zhao J, Zou H, Huo Y, Wei X, Li Y. Emerging roles of selenium on metabolism and type 2 diabetes. Front Nutr 2022; 9:1027629. [PMID: 36438755 PMCID: PMC9686347 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.1027629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 07/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Selenium is recognized as an essential element for human health and enters human body mainly via diet. Selenium is a key constituent in selenoproteins, which exert essential biological functions, including antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. Several selenoproteins including glutathione peroxidases, selenoprotein P and selenoprotein S are known to play roles in the regulation of type 2 diabetes. Although there is a close association between certain selenoproteins with glucose metabolism or insulin resistance, the relationship between selenium and type 2 diabetes is complex and remains uncertain. Here we review recent advances in the field with an emphasis on roles of selenium on metabolism and type 2 diabetes. Understanding the association between selenium and type 2 diabetes is important for developing clinical practice guidelines, establishing and implementing effective public health policies, and ultimately combating relative health issues.
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Wang C, Ran R, Jin X, Zhu X. Plasma and vitreous selenium concentrations in patients with type 2 diabetes and diabetic retinopathy. Medicine (Baltimore) 2022; 101:e30877. [PMID: 36181067 PMCID: PMC9524938 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000030877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This work aimed to determine and compare plasma and vitreous selenium (Se) concentrations in patients with type 2 diabetes and diabetic retinopathy (DR). METHODS A total of 60 type-2-diabetes patients including 20 without DR, 20 with non-proliferative DR (NPDR), and 20 with proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR), were involved in this study. Blood plasma samples were collected from above 60 patients and 20 normal controls (without diabetes). Twenty control vitreous samples were obtained from the eyes presenting a macular hole and epimacular membrane. Vitreous samples were also collected from PDR patients receiving one-week intravitreal anti-VEGF therapy or not. Plasma and vitreous Se concentrations were determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. RESULTS Plasma Se concentrations in PDR patients (163.74 ± 32.68 μg/L) were significantly higher than those in normal control patients (121.59 ± 28.33 μg/L), NPDR patients (130.34 ± 29.11 μg/L), and the patients without DR (81.23 ± 20.59 μg/L) (all P < .001). Similarly, Se concentrations in vitreous samples of PDR patients (56.30 ± 12.03 μg/L) were consistently higher than those in control vitreous samples (26.26 ± 6.53 μg/L). In addition, vitreous Se concentrations in PDR patients decreased to 47.76 ± 9.72 μg/L after intravitreal injection of the anti-VEGF drug ranibizumab for one week, which was significantly lower than those before injection (P = .02). Plasma VEGF levels of diabetic patients were lower than those of the normal controls (P < .001). On the contrary, the vitreous VEGF level in the PDR group (913.61 ± 193.32 pg/mL) was significantly higher than that of the normal control group (101.23 ± 21.33 pg/mL) (P < .001). CONCLUSION The elevation of Se concentrations may be an important risk factor in plasma and vitreous with diabetic retinopathy among type-2-diabetes patients. The elevated VEGF may be also closely related to the intraocular Se concentration in PDR patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunmiao Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Minda Hospital of Hubei Minzu University, Enshi, Hubei Provence, PR China
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Occurrence and Intervention of Rheumatic Diseases, Minda Hospital of Hubei Minzu University, Enshi, Hubei Provence, PR China
| | - Ruijin Ran
- Department of Ophthalmology, Minda Hospital of Hubei Minzu University, Enshi, Hubei Provence, PR China
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Occurrence and Intervention of Rheumatic Diseases, Minda Hospital of Hubei Minzu University, Enshi, Hubei Provence, PR China
- *Correspondence: Ruijin Ran, Department of Ophthalmology, Minda Hospital of Hubei Minzu University, Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Occurrence and Intervention of Rheumatic Diseases, Enshi 445000, Hubei Province, PR China (e-mail: )
| | - Xin Jin
- Department of Ophthalmology, Minda Hospital of Hubei Minzu University, Enshi, Hubei Provence, PR China
| | - Xiaohong Zhu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Minda Hospital of Hubei Minzu University, Enshi, Hubei Provence, PR China
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Cross-Sectional Association of Blood Selenium with Glycemic Biomarkers among U.S. Adults with Normoglycemia in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2013–2016. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14193972. [PMID: 36235626 PMCID: PMC9570941 DOI: 10.3390/nu14193972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Revised: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Selenium (Se) remains to have an inconsistent relationship with glycemic biomarkers and the risk of developing type 2 diabetes (T2D). Few studies have investigated the relationship between blood Se and glycemic biomarkers among people with normoglycemia. We conducted a cross-sectional analysis using the U.S. National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2013–2016. Multivariable linear regression models were developed to examine the associations of blood Se with glycemic biomarkers, namely, fasting plasma glucose (FPG), hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), insulin, and the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). Blood Se was treated as continuous (per log-10 increment) and categorical exposure (in quartiles) in separate regression models. We assessed the dose–response relationships by restricted cubic spline analysis. After excluding the participants with T2D or incomplete data, 2706 participants were analyzed. The highest quartile of blood Se was associated with increased FPG [adjusted β = 0.12, 95% Confidence Intervals (CI) = 0.04, 0.20], OGTT (adjusted β = 0.29, 95% CI = 0.02, 0.56), HbA1c (adjusted β = 0.04, 95% CI = 0.00, 0.07), and insulin (adjusted β = 2.50, 95% CI = 1.05, 3.95) compared with the lowest quartile. Positive associations were also observed between every log-10 increment of blood Se level and glycemic biomarkers, except for OGTT. A positive linear dose–response relationship existed between blood Se and FPG (Poverall = 0.003, Pnonlinear = 0.073) and insulin (Poverall = 0.004, Pnonlinear =0.060). BMI, age, and smoking status modified the associations of the highest quartile of Se (compared with the lowest quartile) with glycemic biomarkers. Overall, positive associations of blood Se with glycemic biomarkers were observed among U.S. adults with normoglycemia. These findings implied that people with normoglycemia need to be aware of the level of Se and other mineral intakes from diet and supplements. Further research is required to identify the mechanisms of excess Se in the progression of diabetes.
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Shao R, Su L, Li L, Wu J, He X, Mao D, Cheng Y, Liu J, Chen C, Jin Y, Gao S. Higher selenium was associated with higher risk of diabetes: Consistent evidence from longitudinal and cross-sectional studies based on nail and serum selenium measures. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 840:156618. [PMID: 35691345 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.156618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Revised: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Although the association between selenium (Se) and diabetes has been well-discussed in recent years, few studies have focused on the effects of long-term natural Se exposure and rarely concerned the effects of different Se biomarkers. To address this question, we carried out a 7-year longitudinal study on older adults aged over 65 and another cross-sectional study on middle-aged and older adults aged 40 and above from Chinese soil Se-deplete and Se-optimum areas. Cox proportional hazard models were used to evaluate the associations between nail Se levels and incidence risk of diabetes. Unconditional logistic regression models and analysis of variance models were used to examine the associations between serum Se levels and the prevalence risk of diabetes. The nail and serum Se levels were 0.47 ± 0.20 μg/g and 111.09 ± 55.01 μg/L for the two study populations, respectively. For both of the independent studies, higher Se levels were observed to be associated with a higher risk of diabetes and prediabetes. Compared with the Second nail Se quartile (Q2), the adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) and 95 % confidence intervals (95 % CIs) of diabetes for Q1, Q3 and Q4 were 1.24(0.70, 2.21), 1.53(0.98, 2.39) and 1.31(0.76, 2.26), respectively, and the adjusted HRs (95 % CIs) of prediabetes were 1.47(0.77, 2.81), 1.38(0.83, 2.30), and 1.97(1.13, 3.44), respectively. Compared with the first serum Se quintile (Q1), the adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and 95 % CIs of diabetes for higher quintiles were 1.12(0.75, 1.66), 1.05(0.71, 1.57), 1.09(0.73, 1.62) and 1.51(1.02, 2.19), and the adjusted ORs (95 % CIs) of prediabetes were 1.27(0.77, 2.09), 1.70(1.05, 2.74), 1.94(1.21, 3.11) and 1.67(1.03, 2.71). Our findings consistently suggest that higher Se status is associated with a higher risk of diabetes in adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ranqi Shao
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health, National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Liqin Su
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health, National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China.
| | - Li Li
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health, National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Jinghuan Wu
- The Key Laboratory of Trace Element Nutrition of National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China, National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, No. 29 Nan Wei Road, Xicheng District, Beijing 100050, PR China
| | - Xiaohong He
- Enshi Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Enshi 445000, Hubei, China
| | - Deqian Mao
- The Key Laboratory of Trace Element Nutrition of National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China, National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, No. 29 Nan Wei Road, Xicheng District, Beijing 100050, PR China
| | - Yibin Cheng
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health, National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Jingyi Liu
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health, National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Chen Chen
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health, National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Yinlong Jin
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health, National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Sujuan Gao
- Department of Biostatistics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202-2872, USA
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Ciftci F, Ayan S, Duygulu N, Yilmazer Y, Karavelioglu Z, Vehapi M, Cakır Koc R, Sengor M, Yılmazer H, Ozcimen D, Gunduz O, Ustundag CB. Selenium and clarithromycin loaded PLA-GO composite wound dressings by electrospinning method. INT J POLYM MATER PO 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/00914037.2021.1925276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Fatih Ciftci
- Department of Bioengineering, Yildiz Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
- Technology Transfer Office (TTO), Fatih Sultan Mehmet Vakif University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Sumeyra Ayan
- Department of Bioengineering, Yildiz Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
- Materials Institute, Marmara Research Center, TUBITAK, Gebze, Turkey
| | - Nilüfer Duygulu
- Department of Metallurgical and Material Engineering, Yildiz Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Yasemin Yilmazer
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Istanbul Sabahattin Zaim University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | | | - Meyrem Vehapi
- Department of Bioengineering, Yildiz Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Rabia Cakır Koc
- Department of Bioengineering, Yildiz Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Sengor
- Center for Nanotechnology and Biomaterials Application and Research (NBUAM), Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
- Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Hakan Yılmazer
- Department of Metallurgical and Material Engineering, Yildiz Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Didem Ozcimen
- Department of Bioengineering, Yildiz Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Oguzhan Gunduz
- Center for Nanotechnology and Biomaterials Application and Research (NBUAM), Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
- Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
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14
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Associations between Circulating SELENOP Level and Disorders of Glucose and Lipid Metabolism: A Meta-Analysis. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11071263. [PMID: 35883754 PMCID: PMC9311835 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11071263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Selenoprotein P (SELENOP) is an extracellular antioxidant, selenium transporter, and hepatokine interfering with glucose and lipid metabolism. To study the association between the circulating SELENOP concentration and glucose and lipid metabolic diseases (GLMDs), including gestational diabetes (GD), metabolic syndrome (MetS), non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, obesity, and type 2 diabetes, as well as the individual markers, a meta-analysis was conducted by searching multiple databases from their establishment through March 2022 and including 27 articles published between October 2010 and May 2021, involving 4033 participants. Participants with GLMDs had higher levels of SELENOP than those without GLMDs (standardized mean difference = 0.84, 95% CI: 0.16 to 1.51), and the SELENOP levels were positively correlated with the markers of GLMDs (pooled effect size = 0.09, 95% CI: 0.02 to 0.15). Subgroup analyses showed that the SELENOP concentrations were higher in women with GD and lower in individuals with MetS than their counterparts, respectively. Moreover, SELENOP was positively correlated with low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, but not with the other markers of GLMDs. Thus, the heterogenicity derived from diseases or disease markers should be carefully considered while interpreting the overall positive association between SELENOP and GLMDs. Studies with a larger sample size and advanced design are warranted to confirm these findings.
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15
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Sumaily KM. The Roles and Pathogenesis Mechanisms of a Number of Micronutrients in the Prevention and/or Treatment of Chronic Hepatitis, COVID-19 and Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus. Nutrients 2022; 14:2632. [PMID: 35807813 PMCID: PMC9268086 DOI: 10.3390/nu14132632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2022] [Revised: 06/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
A trace element is a chemical element with a concentration (or other measures of an amount) that is very low. The essential TEs, such as copper (Cu), selenium (Se), zinc (Zn), iron (Fe) and the electrolyte magnesium (Mg) are among the most commonly studied micronutrients. Each element has been shown to play a distinctive role in human health, and TEs, such as iron (Fe), zinc (Zn) and copper (Cu), are among the essential elements required for the organisms' well-being as they play crucial roles in several metabolic pathways where they act as enzyme co-factors, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant agents. Epidemics of infectious diseases are becoming more frequent and spread at a faster pace around the world, which has resulted in major impacts on the economy and health systems. Different trace elements have been reported to have substantial roles in the pathogenesis of viral infections. Micronutrients have been proposed in various studies as determinants of liver disorders, COVID-19 and T2DM risks. This review article sheds light on the roles and mechanisms of micronutrients in the pathogenesis and prevention of chronic hepatitis B, C and E, as well as Coronavirus-19 infection and type-2 diabetes mellitus. An update on the status of the aforementioned micronutrients in pre-clinical and clinical settings is also briefly summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khalid M Sumaily
- Clinical Biochemistry Unit, Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh P.O. Box 145111, Saudi Arabia
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16
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Gorini F, Vassalle C. Selenium and Selenoproteins at the Intersection of Type 2 Diabetes and Thyroid Pathophysiology. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11061188. [PMID: 35740085 PMCID: PMC9227825 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11061188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Revised: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is considered one of the largest global public-health concerns, affecting approximately more than 400 million individuals worldwide. The pathogenesis of T2D is very complex and, among the modifiable risk factors, selenium (Se) has recently emerged as a determinant of T2D pathogenesis and progression. Selenium is considered an essential element with antioxidant properties, and is incorporated into the selenoproteins involved in the antioxidant response. Furthermore, deiodinases, the enzymes responsible for homeostasis and for controlling the activity of thyroid hormones (THs), contain Se. Given the crucial action of oxidative stress in the onset of insulin resistance (IR) and T2D, and the close connection between THs and glucose metabolism, Se may be involved in these fundamental relationships; it may cover a dual role, both as a protective factor and as a risk factor of T2D, depending on its basal plasma concentration and the individual’s diet intake. In this review we discuss the current evidence (from experimental, observational and randomized clinical studies) on how Se is associated with the occurrence of T2D and its influence on the relationship between thyroid pathophysiology, IR and T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Gorini
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council, 56124 Pisa, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Cristina Vassalle
- Fondazione CNR-Regione Toscana Gabriele Monasterio, 56124 Pisa, Italy;
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17
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Kieliszek M, Bano I, Zare H. A Comprehensive Review on Selenium and Its Effects on Human Health and Distribution in Middle Eastern Countries. Biol Trace Elem Res 2022; 200:971-987. [PMID: 33884538 PMCID: PMC8761138 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-021-02716-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Selenium (Se) is an important microelement with numerous positive effects on human health and diseases. It is important to specify that the status and consumption of Se are for a specific community as the levels of Se are extremely unpredictable between different populations and regions. Our existing paper was based on the impacts of Se on human health and disease along with data on the Se levels in Middle Eastern countries. Overall, the findings of this comprehensive review show that the consumption and levels of Se are inadequate in Middle Eastern nations. Such findings, together with the growing awareness of the importance of Se to general health, require further work primarily on creating an acceptable range of blood Se concentration or other measures to determine optimal Se consumption and, consequently, to guarantee adequate Se supplementation in populations at high risk of low Se intake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marek Kieliszek
- Department of Food Biotechnology and Microbiology, Institute of Food Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159C, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Iqra Bano
- Department of Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Shaheed Benazir Bhutto University of Veterinary & Animal Sciences Sakrand, Sindh, 67210 Pakistan
| | - Hamed Zare
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
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18
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Barchielli G, Capperucci A, Tanini D. The Role of Selenium in Pathologies: An Updated Review. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11020251. [PMID: 35204134 PMCID: PMC8868242 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11020251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 54.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Revised: 01/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Selenium is an essential microelement required for a number of biological functions. Selenium—and more specifically the amino acid selenocysteine—is present in at least 25 human selenoproteins involved in a wide variety of essential biological functions, ranging from the regulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) concentration to the biosynthesis of hormones. These processes also play a central role in preventing and modulating the clinical outcome of several diseases, including cancer, diabetes, Alzheimer’s disease, mental disorders, cardiovascular disorders, fertility impairments, inflammation, and infections (including SARS-CoV-2). Over the past years, a number of studies focusing on the relationship between selenium and such pathologies have been reported. Generally, an adequate selenium nutritional state—and in some cases selenium supplementation—have been related to improved prognostic outcome and reduced risk of developing several diseases. On the other hand, supra-nutritional levels might have adverse effects. The results of recent studies focusing on these topics are summarized and discussed in this review, with particular emphasis on advances achieved in the last decade.
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Steinbrenner H, Duntas LH, Rayman MP. The role of selenium in type-2 diabetes mellitus and its metabolic comorbidities. Redox Biol 2022; 50:102236. [PMID: 35144052 PMCID: PMC8844812 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2022.102236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
This review addresses the role of the essential trace element, selenium, in type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and its metabolic co-morbidities, i.e., metabolic syndrome, obesity and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. We refer to the dietary requirements of selenium and the key physiological roles of selenoproteins. We explore the dysregulated fuel metabolism in T2DM and its co-morbidities, emphasizing the relevance of inflammation and oxidative stress. We describe the epidemiology of observational and experimental studies of selenium in diabetes and related conditions, explaining that the interaction between selenium status and glucose control is not limited to hyperglycemia but extends to hypoglycemia. We propose that the association between high plasma/serum selenium and T2DM/fasting plasma glucose observed in many cross-sectional studies may rely on the upregulation of hepatic selenoprotein-P biosynthesis in conditions of hyperglycemia and insulin resistance. While animal studies have revealed potential molecular mechanisms underlying adverse effects of severe selenium/selenoprotein excess and deficiency in the pathogenesis of insulin resistance and β-cell dysfunction, their translational significance is rather limited. Importantly, dietary selenium supplementation does not appear to be a major causal factor for the development of T2DM in humans though we cannot currently exclude a small contribution of selenium on top of other risk factors, in particular if it is ingested at high (supranutritional) doses. Elevated selenium biomarkers that are often measured in T2DM patients are more likely to be a consequence, rather than a cause, of diabetes.
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Santos ADC, Passos AFF, Holzbach LC, Cominetti C. Selenium Intake and Glycemic Control in Young Adults With Normal-Weight Obesity Syndrome. Front Nutr 2021; 8:696325. [PMID: 34490321 PMCID: PMC8416674 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.696325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Numerous endogenous functions related to antioxidant processes, reproduction, and thyroid metabolism, as well as actions related to glycemic control, have been attributed to selenium. This study aimed to evaluate whether dietary selenium consumption is associated with variables of glycemic control in a sample of young Brazilian adults with Normal-Weight Obesity (NWO) syndrome. This was a cross-sectional study that evaluated 270 individuals with adequate body weight and excess body fat, who had their body composition assessed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Socioeconomic, health, and lifestyle questionnaires and three 24-h food records were applied. Glycemic control markers were also evaluated. The prevalence of inadequate selenium intake was analyzed by the Estimated Average Requirement (EAR) cut-point method. The prevalence of disturbances in glycemic control markers according to selenium consumption was compared by either the chi-square or the Fisher's exact test, with individuals classified according to the EAR values for selenium. The associations were evaluated by multiple linear regressions, using the backward strategy. The mean ± standard deviation (SD) age was 23.7 ± 3.3 years, and the mean ± SD daily selenium intake was 59.2 ± 26.4 μg. The overall prevalence of inadequate selenium intake was 59.2%. Individuals with selenium intakes below the EAR (≤45 μg/day) showed higher concentrations of glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) (P = 0.002) and a higher prevalence of disturbances in HbA1c than those with selenium intakes above the EAR (>45 μg/day) (P = 0.001). Dietary selenium intake was directly associated with female sex (β = 19.95, 95% CI 5.00 to 34.89; P = 0.001) and weight (β = 6.69, 95% CI 0.56 to 12.81; P = 0.010), and inversely associated with the percentage of total body fat (β = -0.80, 95% CI -1.56 to -0,04; P = 0.010) and HbA1c (β = -7.41, 95% CI -13.06 to -1.75; P = 0.010). Considering the noticeable young age of the individuals evaluated and the high frequency of disturbances in HbA1c concentrations in those with selenium consumption below the recommendation, it is suggested that adequate dietary intake or supplementation of this micronutrient should be guaranteed to prevent future possible complications associated with glycemic control disturbances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Acsa de Castro Santos
- Nutritional Genomics Research Group. Graduate Program in Nutrition and Health, School of Nutrition, Federal University of Goias, Goiania, Brazil
| | - Anna Flavia Ferreira Passos
- Nutritional Genomics Research Group. Graduate Program in Nutrition and Health, School of Nutrition, Federal University of Goias, Goiania, Brazil
| | - Luciana Carla Holzbach
- Nutritional Genomics Research Group. Graduate Program in Nutrition and Health, School of Nutrition, Federal University of Goias, Goiania, Brazil.,Nutrition Undergraduate Course, Federal University of Tocantins, Palmas, Brazil
| | - Cristiane Cominetti
- Nutritional Genomics Research Group. Graduate Program in Nutrition and Health, School of Nutrition, Federal University of Goias, Goiania, Brazil
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Duan JY, Lin X, Xu F, Shan SK, Guo B, Li FXZ, Wang Y, Zheng MH, Xu QS, Lei LM, Ou-Yang WL, Wu YY, Tang KX, Yuan LQ. Ferroptosis and Its Potential Role in Metabolic Diseases: A Curse or Revitalization? Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:701788. [PMID: 34307381 PMCID: PMC8299754 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.701788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Ferroptosis is classified as an iron-dependent form of regulated cell death (RCD) attributed to the accumulation of lipid hydroperoxides and redox imbalance. In recent years, accumulating researches have suggested that ferroptosis may play a vital role in the development of diverse metabolic diseases, for example, diabetes and its complications (e.g., diabetic nephropathy, diabetic cardiomyopathy, diabetic myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury and atherosclerosis [AS]), metabolic bone disease and adrenal injury. However, the specific physiopathological mechanism and precise therapeutic effect is still not clear. In this review, we summarized recent advances about the development of ferroptosis, focused on its potential character as the therapeutic target in metabolic diseases, and put forward our insights on this topic, largely to offer some help to forecast further directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Yue Duan
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Disease, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Metabolic Bone Diseases, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiao Lin
- Department of Radiology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Feng Xu
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Disease, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Metabolic Bone Diseases, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Su-Kang Shan
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Disease, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Metabolic Bone Diseases, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Bei Guo
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Disease, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Metabolic Bone Diseases, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Fu-Xing-Zi Li
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Disease, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Metabolic Bone Diseases, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yi Wang
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Disease, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Metabolic Bone Diseases, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ming-Hui Zheng
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Disease, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Metabolic Bone Diseases, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Qiu-Shuang Xu
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Disease, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Metabolic Bone Diseases, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Li-Min Lei
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Disease, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Metabolic Bone Diseases, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Wen-Lu Ou-Yang
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Disease, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Metabolic Bone Diseases, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yun-Yun Wu
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Disease, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Metabolic Bone Diseases, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ke-Xin Tang
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Disease, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Metabolic Bone Diseases, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ling-Qing Yuan
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Disease, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Metabolic Bone Diseases, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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22
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Vinceti M, Bonaccio M, Filippini T, Costanzo S, Wise LA, Di Castelnuovo A, Ruggiero E, Persichillo M, Cerletti C, Donati MB, de Gaetano G, Iacoviello L. Dietary selenium intake and risk of hospitalization for type 2 diabetes in the Moli-sani study cohort. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2021; 31:1738-1746. [PMID: 33853720 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2021.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Revised: 02/11/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Experimental and non-experimental human studies have consistently shown a positive association between exposure to the trace element selenium, which occurs primarily through diet, and risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Plausible biological mechanisms include adverse effects of selenium and selenium-containing proteins on glucose metabolism. However, the levels of exposure above which risk increases are uncertain. METHODS AND RESULTS We examined the association between selenium intake and first hospitalization for type 2 diabetes during a median follow-up period of 8.2 years among 21,335 diabetes-free participants in the Moli-sani cohort, Italy. Selenium intake was ascertained at baseline using a food frequency questionnaire, showing a median value of 59 μg/day. During follow-up, we identified 135 incident cases of hospitalization for diabetes, based on population-based hospital discharge data. We used a Cox proportional hazards model to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for hospitalization for diabetes, adjusting for potential confounders. HRs (95% CIs) were 1.01 (0.60-1.70), 1.13 (0.66-1.96) and 1.75 (0.99-3.10) comparing the second, third, and fourth sex-specific quartiles with the first quartile, respectively. Risk was 64% greater in the fourth quartile as compared with the previous three. Spline regression analysis also indicated a steeper increase in risk occurring among men compared with women. CONCLUSIONS In a large population of Italian adults free of type 2 diabetes at cohort entry, high dietary selenium intake was associated with increased risk of hospitalization for diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Vinceti
- Environmental, Genetic and Nutritional Epidemiology Research Center (CREAGEN), Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy; Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, USA.
| | - Marialaura Bonaccio
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, IRCCS NEUROMED, Pozzilli, IS, Italy
| | - Tommaso Filippini
- Environmental, Genetic and Nutritional Epidemiology Research Center (CREAGEN), Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Simona Costanzo
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, IRCCS NEUROMED, Pozzilli, IS, Italy
| | - Lauren A Wise
- Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, USA
| | | | - Emilia Ruggiero
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, IRCCS NEUROMED, Pozzilli, IS, Italy
| | | | - Chiara Cerletti
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, IRCCS NEUROMED, Pozzilli, IS, Italy
| | | | - Giovanni de Gaetano
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, IRCCS NEUROMED, Pozzilli, IS, Italy
| | - Licia Iacoviello
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, IRCCS NEUROMED, Pozzilli, IS, Italy; Department of Medicine and Surgery, Research Center in Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine (EPIMED), University of Insubria, Varese-Como, Italy
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23
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Ferreira RLU, Sena-Evangelista KCM, de Azevedo EP, Pinheiro FI, Cobucci RN, Pedrosa LFC. Selenium in Human Health and Gut Microflora: Bioavailability of Selenocompounds and Relationship With Diseases. Front Nutr 2021; 8:685317. [PMID: 34150830 PMCID: PMC8211732 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.685317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
This review covers current knowledge of selenium in the dietary intake, its bioavailability, metabolism, functions, biomarkers, supplementation and toxicity, as well as its relationship with diseases and gut microbiota specifically on the symbiotic relationship between gut microflora and selenium status. Selenium is essential for the maintenance of the immune system, conversion of thyroid hormones, protection against the harmful action of heavy metals and xenobiotics as well as for the reduction of the risk of chronic diseases. Selenium is able to balance the microbial flora avoiding health damage associated with dysbiosis. Experimental studies have shown that inorganic and organic selenocompounds are metabolized to selenomethionine and incorporated by bacteria from the gut microflora, therefore highlighting their role in improving the bioavailability of selenocompounds. Dietary selenium can affect the gut microbial colonization, which in turn influences the host's selenium status and expression of selenoproteoma. Selenium deficiency may result in a phenotype of gut microbiota that is more susceptible to cancer, thyroid dysfunctions, inflammatory bowel disease, and cardiovascular disorders. Although the host and gut microbiota benefit each other from their symbiotic relationship, they may become competitors if the supply of micronutrients is limited. Intestinal bacteria can remove selenium from the host resulting in two to three times lower levels of host's selenoproteins under selenium-limiting conditions. There are still gaps in whether these consequences are unfavorable to humans and animals or whether the daily intake of selenium is also adapted to meet the needs of the bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Karine Cavalcanti Maurício Sena-Evangelista
- Postgraduate Program in Nutrition, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil.,Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Pereira de Azevedo
- Graduate Program of Biotechnology, Laureate International Universities - Universidade Potiguar, Natal, Brazil
| | - Francisco Irochima Pinheiro
- Graduate Program of Biotechnology, Laureate International Universities - Universidade Potiguar, Natal, Brazil.,Medical School, Laureate International Universities - Universidade Potiguar, Natal, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Ney Cobucci
- Graduate Program of Biotechnology, Laureate International Universities - Universidade Potiguar, Natal, Brazil.,Medical School, Laureate International Universities - Universidade Potiguar, Natal, Brazil
| | - Lucia Fatima Campos Pedrosa
- Postgraduate Program in Nutrition, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil.,Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
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24
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Vinceti M, Filippini T, Wise LA, Rothman KJ. A systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of exposure to environmental selenium and the risk of type 2 diabetes in nonexperimental studies. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2021; 197:111210. [PMID: 33895112 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.111210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Revised: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Accumulating evidence from both experimental and nonexperimental human studies in the last 15 years indicates that exposure to high levels of the trace element selenium increases the risk of type 2 diabetes. However, the relation of dose to effect is not well understood because randomized controlled trials used only one dose (200 μg/day) of selenium supplementation. While no new trial on this topic has been published since 2018, several nonexperimental studies have appeared. We therefore updated a previous meta-analysis to include recently published observational studies, and incorporated the recently developed one-stage random-effects model to display the dose-response relation between selenium and type 2 diabetes. We retrieved 34 potentially eligible nonexperimental studies on selenium and diabetes risk up to April 15, 2021. The bulk of the evidence indicates a direct relation between blood, dietary and urinary levels of selenium and risk of diabetes, but not with nail selenium, which may be considered a less reliable biomarker. The association was nonlinear, with risk increasing above 80 μg/day of dietary selenium. Whole blood/plasma/serum selenium concentrations of 160 μg/L corresponded to a risk ratio of 1.96 (95% CI 1.27-3.03) compared with a concentration of 90 μg/L (approximately 60 μg of daily selenium intake). The cohort studies, which are less susceptible to reverse causation bias, indicated increased risk for both blood and urine selenium levels and dietary selenium intake, whereas no such pattern emerged from studies relying on nail selenium content. Overall, the nonexperimental studies agree with findings from randomized controlled trials, indicating that moderate to high levels of selenium exposure are associated with increased risk for type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Vinceti
- Environmental, Genetic and Nutritional Epidemiology Research Center (CREAGEN), Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy; Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Tommaso Filippini
- Environmental, Genetic and Nutritional Epidemiology Research Center (CREAGEN), Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Lauren A Wise
- Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kenneth J Rothman
- Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA; RTI Health Solutions, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
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25
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Radomska D, Czarnomysy R, Radomski D, Bielawska A, Bielawski K. Selenium as a Bioactive Micronutrient in the Human Diet and Its Cancer Chemopreventive Activity. Nutrients 2021; 13:1649. [PMID: 34068374 PMCID: PMC8153312 DOI: 10.3390/nu13051649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Revised: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
This review answers the question of why selenium is such an important trace element in the human diet. Daily dietary intake of selenium and its content in various food products is discussed in this paper, as well as the effects of its deficiency and excess in the body. Moreover, the biological activity of selenium, which it performs mainly through selenoproteins, is discussed. These specific proteins are responsible for thyroid hormone management, fertility, the aging process, and immunity, but their key role is to maintain a redox balance in cells. Furthermore, taking into account world news and the current SARS-CoV-2 virus pandemic, the impact of selenium on the course of COVID-19 is also discussed. Another worldwide problem is the number of new cancer cases and cancer-related mortality. Thus, the last part of the article discusses the impact of selenium on cancer risk based on clinical trials (including NPC and SELECT), systematic reviews, and meta-analyses. Additionally, this review discusses the possible mechanisms of selenium action that prevent cancer development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominika Radomska
- Department of Synthesis and Technology of Drugs, Medical University of Bialystok, Kilinskiego 1, 15-089 Bialystok, Poland; (D.R.); (D.R.); (K.B.)
| | - Robert Czarnomysy
- Department of Synthesis and Technology of Drugs, Medical University of Bialystok, Kilinskiego 1, 15-089 Bialystok, Poland; (D.R.); (D.R.); (K.B.)
| | - Dominik Radomski
- Department of Synthesis and Technology of Drugs, Medical University of Bialystok, Kilinskiego 1, 15-089 Bialystok, Poland; (D.R.); (D.R.); (K.B.)
| | - Anna Bielawska
- Department of Biotechnology, Medical University of Bialystok, Kilinskiego 1, 15-089 Bialystok, Poland;
| | - Krzysztof Bielawski
- Department of Synthesis and Technology of Drugs, Medical University of Bialystok, Kilinskiego 1, 15-089 Bialystok, Poland; (D.R.); (D.R.); (K.B.)
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26
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Naderi M, Puar P, Zonouzi-Marand M, Chivers DP, Niyogi S, Kwong RWM. A comprehensive review on the neuropathophysiology of selenium. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 767:144329. [PMID: 33445002 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.144329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2020] [Revised: 12/05/2020] [Accepted: 12/05/2020] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
As an essential micronutrient, selenium (Se) exerts its biological function as a catalytic entity in a variety of enzymes. From a toxicological perspective, however, Se can become extremely toxic at concentrations slightly above its nutritional levels. Over the last few decades, there has been a growing level of concern worldwide regarding the adverse effects of both inorganic and organic Se compounds on a broad spectrum of neurological functions. A wealth of evidence has shown that exposure to excess Se may compromise the normal functioning of various key proteins, neurotransmitter systems (the glutamatergic, dopaminergic, serotonergic, and cholinergic systems), and signaling molecules involved in the control and regulation of cognitive, behavioral, and neuroendocrine functions. Elevated Se exposure has also been suspected to be a risk factor for the development of several neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric diseases. Nonetheless, despite the various deleterious effects of excess Se on the central nervous system (CNS), Se neurotoxicity and negative behavioral outcomes are still disregarded at the expense of its beneficial health effects. This review focuses on the current state of knowledge regarding the neurobehavioral effects of Se and discusses its potential mode of action on different aspects of the central and peripheral nervous systems. This review also provides a brief history of Se discovery and uses, its physicochemical properties, biological roles in the CNS, environmental occurrence, and toxicity. We also review potential links between exposure to different forms of Se compounds and aberrant neurobehavioral functions in humans and animals, and identify key knowledge gaps and hypotheses for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Naderi
- Department of Biology, York University, Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, Canada.
| | - Pankaj Puar
- Department of Biology, York University, Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, Canada
| | | | - Douglas P Chivers
- Department of Biology, University of Saskatchewan, 112 Science Place, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E2, Canada
| | - Som Niyogi
- Department of Biology, University of Saskatchewan, 112 Science Place, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E2, Canada; Toxicology Centre, University of Saskatchewan, 44 Campus Drive, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5B3, Canada
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27
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Liao XL, Wang ZH, Liang XN, Liang J, Wei XB, Wang SH, Guo WX. The Association of Circulating Selenium Concentrations with Diabetes Mellitus. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2020; 13:4755-4761. [PMID: 33299338 PMCID: PMC7721107 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s284120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2020] [Accepted: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The relationship between circulating selenium and diabetes mellitus (DM) remains inconsistent. Therefore, the relationship between circulating selenium and DM was investigated in the present study. PATIENTS AND METHODS All participants (aged ≥18 years) were included from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 1999-2006. Selenium concentrations from the fasting serum samples were determined using inductively coupled mass spectrometry, then grouped into quartiles. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated by using multivariate logistic regression analysis and the results were stratified by age and sex. RESULTS A total of 2,903 (61.9±13.7 years old) participants (49.3% males) were enrolled, and 580 (19.97%) of them had DM. The mean levels of selenium were 136.4±19.6 µg/L. Patients with DM (138.76±20.02 vs 135.88±19.44, P=0.002) had higher selenium levels compared to those without DM. The OR for DM was 1.12 (95% CI=1.01-1.24; P=0.0270) for each 10 µg/L increment in selenium, and subjects in the highest quartile of selenium levels (>147.00 uµg/L) had 2.82 (95% CI=1.55-5.11; P=0.0007) times higher risk of DM compared to the lowest quartile of selenium levels. Subgroup analysis showed that selenium was independently associated with DM only in female aged <65 years. CONCLUSION Circulating selenium levels were positively associated with the odds of DM, but difference in sex and age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Long Liao
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Geriatrics Institute, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou510080, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhong-Hua Wang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Geriatrics Institute, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou510080, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiu-Na Liang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Geriatrics Institute, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou510080, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jun Liang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Geriatrics Institute, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou510080, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xue-Biao Wei
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Geriatrics Institute, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou510080, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shou-Hong Wang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Geriatrics Institute, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou510080, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wei-Xin Guo
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Geriatrics Institute, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou510080, People’s Republic of China
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28
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Winther KH, Rayman MP, Bonnema SJ, Hegedüs L. Selenium in thyroid disorders - essential knowledge for clinicians. Nat Rev Endocrinol 2020; 16:165-176. [PMID: 32001830 DOI: 10.1038/s41574-019-0311-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
In the 1990s, selenium was identified as a component of an enzyme that activates thyroid hormone; since this discovery, the relevance of selenium to thyroid health has been widely studied. Selenium, known primarily for the antioxidant properties of selenoenzymes, is obtained mainly from meat, seafood and grains. Intake levels vary across the world owing largely to differences in soil content and factors affecting its bioavailability to plants. Adverse health effects have been observed at both extremes of intake, with a narrow optimum range. Epidemiological studies have linked an increased risk of autoimmune thyroiditis, Graves disease and goitre to low selenium status. Trials of selenium supplementation in patients with chronic autoimmune thyroiditis have generally resulted in reduced thyroid autoantibody titre without apparent improvements in the clinical course of the disease. In Graves disease, selenium supplementation might lead to faster remission of hyperthyroidism and improved quality of life and eye involvement in patients with mild thyroid eye disease. Despite recommendations only extending to patients with Graves ophthalmopathy, selenium supplementation is widely used by clinicians for other thyroid phenotypes. Ongoing and future trials might help identify individuals who can benefit from selenium supplementation, based, for instance, on individual selenium status or genetic profile.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Margaret Philomena Rayman
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK
| | - Steen Joop Bonnema
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Laszlo Hegedüs
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark.
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29
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Winther KH, Papini E, Attanasio R, Negro R, Hegedüs L. A 2018 European Thyroid Association Survey on the Use of Selenium Supplementation in Hashimoto's Thyroiditis. Eur Thyroid J 2020; 9:99-105. [PMID: 32257959 PMCID: PMC7109430 DOI: 10.1159/000504781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2019] [Accepted: 11/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate clinical practice regarding the use of selenium supplementation in patients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) among members of the European Thyroid Association (ETA). METHODS ETA members were invited to participate in an online survey investigating the use of selenium supplementation across the spectrum of benign thyroid diseases. Of 872 invited members, 242 (28%) completed the survey. After exclusion of basic scientists and non-European members, survey data from 212 respondents were eligible for further analyses. Responses from 65 (31%) individuals who did not at all recommend selenium, or only considered its use in the setting of a clinical trial, were not included in the final analysis of survey data from 147 respondents. RESULTS While only a minority of respondents (29 of 147, 20%) stated that the available evidence warrants the use of Se in patients with HT, a statistically significant majority (95 of 147; 65%, p < 0.001) used Se occasionally or routinely. Se was predominantly recommended for patients with HT not receiving LT4 (102 of 147; 69%) to reduce circulating thyroid autoantibody levels. Very few respondents routinely recommended Se to pregnant patients with HT. CONCLUSIONS A minority of responding ETA members stated that the available evidence warrants the use of Se in HT, but a majority recommended it to some extent, especially to patients not yet receiving LT4. This is questionable, and selenium is not recommended to patients with HT according to current ETA guidelines. Ongoing and future trials may lead to the reversal of current medical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristian Hillert Winther
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
- *Kristian Hillert Winther, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Odense University Hospital, Kløvervænget 4–6, DK–5000 Odense C (Denmark), E-Mail
| | - Enrico Papini
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Ospedale Regina Apostolorum, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Roberto Negro
- Division of Endocrinology, V. Fazzi Hospital, Lecce, Italy
| | - Laszlo Hegedüs
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
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30
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Turck D, Castenmiller J, De Henauw S, Hirsch‐Ernst KI, Kearney J, Maciuk A, Mangelsdorf I, McArdle HJ, Naska A, Pelaez C, Pentieva K, Siani A, Thies F, Tsabouri S, Vinceti M, Cubadda F, Engel KH, Frenzel T, Heinonen M, Marchelli R, Neuhäuser‐Berthold M, Poulsen M, Sanz Y, Schlatter JR, van Loveren H, Ackerl R, Knutsen HK. Safety of selenium‐enriched biomass of Yarrowia lipolytica as a novel food pursuant to Regulation (EU) 2015/2283. EFSA J 2020. [DOI: 10.2903/j.efsa.2020.5992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
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31
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Ruberte AC, Sanmartin C, Aydillo C, Sharma AK, Plano D. Development and Therapeutic Potential of Selenazo Compounds. J Med Chem 2019; 63:1473-1489. [PMID: 31638805 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.9b01152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Incorporation of selenium (Se) atom into small molecules can substantially enhance their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimutagenic, antitumoral or chemopreventive, antiviral, antibacterial, antifungal, antiparasitic, and neuroprotective effects. Specifically, selenazo compounds have received great attention owing to their chemical properties, pharmaceutical applications, and low toxicity. In this Perspective, we compile extensive literature evidence with the description and discussion of the most recent advances in different selenazo and selenadiazo motifs as potential pharmacological candidates. We also provide some perspectives on the challenges and future directions in the advancement of these selenazo compounds, each of which could generate drug candidates for various diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Carolina Ruberte
- Departamento de Tecnología y Química Farmacéuticas, Facultad de Farmacia y Nutrición , Universidad de Navarra , Irunlarrea 1 , E-31008 Pamplona , Spain
| | - Carmen Sanmartin
- Departamento de Tecnología y Química Farmacéuticas, Facultad de Farmacia y Nutrición , Universidad de Navarra , Irunlarrea 1 , E-31008 Pamplona , Spain
| | - Carlos Aydillo
- Departamento de Tecnología y Química Farmacéuticas, Facultad de Farmacia y Nutrición , Universidad de Navarra , Irunlarrea 1 , E-31008 Pamplona , Spain
| | - Arun K Sharma
- Department of Pharmacology, Penn State Cancer Institute, CH72 , Penn State College of Medicine , 500 University Drive , Hershey , Pennsylvania 17033 , United States
| | - Daniel Plano
- Departamento de Tecnología y Química Farmacéuticas, Facultad de Farmacia y Nutrición , Universidad de Navarra , Irunlarrea 1 , E-31008 Pamplona , Spain.,Department of Pharmacology, Penn State Cancer Institute, CH72 , Penn State College of Medicine , 500 University Drive , Hershey , Pennsylvania 17033 , United States
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32
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Abstract
Selenium is an essential trace element for maintenance of overall health, whose deficiency and dyshomeostasis have been linked to a variety of diseases and disorders. The majority of previous researches focused on characterization of genes encoding selenoproteins or proteins involved in selenium metabolism as well as their functions. Many studies in humans also investigated the relationship between selenium and complex diseases, but their results have been inconsistent. In recent years, systems biology and "-omics" approaches have been widely used to study complex and global variations of selenium metabolism and function in physiological and different pathological conditions. The present paper reviews recent progress in large-scale and systematic analyses of the relationship between selenium status or selenoproteins and several complex diseases, mainly including population-based cohort studies and meta-analyses, genetic association studies, and some other omics-based studies. Advances in ionomics and its application in studying the interaction between selenium and other trace elements in human health and diseases are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huimin Ying
- Department of Endocrinology, Xixi Hospital of Hangzhou, Hangzhou, 310023, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Ecology, Brain Disease and Big Data Research Institute, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518055, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Ecology, Brain Disease and Big Data Research Institute, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518055, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.
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33
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Ibrahim SAZ, Kerkadi A, Agouni A. Selenium and Health: An Update on the Situation in the Middle East and North Africa. Nutrients 2019; 11:E1457. [PMID: 31252568 PMCID: PMC6682981 DOI: 10.3390/nu11071457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2019] [Revised: 06/15/2019] [Accepted: 06/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Selenium (Se) is an important trace element that should be present in the diet of all age groups to provide an adequate intake. Se is incorporated in 25 known selenoproteins, which mediate the biological effects of Se including, immune response regulation, maintenance of thyroid function, antioxidant defense, and anti-inflammatory actions. A balanced intake of Se is critical to achieve health benefits because depending on its status, Se has been found to play physiological roles or contribute to the pathophysiology of various diseases including, neurodegenerative diseases, diabetes, cancer, and cardiovascular disorders. Se status and intake are very important to be known for a specific population as the levels of Se are highly variable among different populations and regions. In the Middle East and North African (MENA) region, very little is known about the status of Se. Studies available show that Se status is widely variable with some countries being deficient, some over sufficient, and some sufficient. This variability was apparent even within the same country between regions. In this review, we summarized the key roles of Se in health and disease and discussed the available data on Se status and intake among countries of the MENA region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sohayla A Z Ibrahim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, QU health, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Abdelhamid Kerkadi
- Department of Nutrition, College of Health Sciences, QU health, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Abdelali Agouni
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, QU health, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar.
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Stróżyk A, Osica Z, Przybylak JD, Kołodziej M, Zalewski BM, Mrozikiewicz-Rakowska B, Szajewska H. Effectiveness and safety of selenium supplementation for type 2 diabetes mellitus in adults: a systematic review of randomised controlled trials. J Hum Nutr Diet 2019; 32:635-645. [PMID: 31148299 DOI: 10.1111/jhn.12670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The role of selenium (Se) in the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) remains unclear. We systematically assessed the effectiveness and safety of Se supplementation in adults with T2DM. METHODS MEDLINE, EMBASE and the Cochrane Library were searched up to April 2018 for randomised controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating the effectiveness of Se against a comparator on DM-related outcomes. RESULTS Four RCTs (241 participants) were included. In individual RCTs, Se supplementation significantly reduced fasting insulin levels [mean difference (MD) = -3.6 μIU mL-1 ; 95% confidence interval (CI) = -6.36 to -0.84; MD = -5.8 μIU mL-1 ; 95% CI = -9.23 to -2.37], homeostasis model of assessment-estimated insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) (MD = -1; 95% CI = -1.79 to -0.21; MD = -1.6; 95% CI, -2.58 to -0.62) and homeostasis model of assessment-estimated B cell function (HOMA-B) (MD = -13.6; 95% CI = -23.4 to -3.8; MD = -22.6; 95% CI = -36.39 to -8.81). No effects of Se were noted on most of the other outcomes of interest. None of the RCTs assessed the mortality, diabetes-related complications, non-high-density lipoprotein (non-HDL), blood pressure and health-related quality of life. The impact on HDL and fasting plasma glucose (FPG) was ambiguous. Only one adverse event (nausea) was reported as a reason for discontinuing the intervention; however, among the studies, the reporting was not accurate. Furthermore, only one RCT reported increase in FPG level in the Se group (MD = 36.38 mg dL-1 ; 95% CI = 15.39-57.37). CONCLUSIONS Currently, there is no evidence to support the effectiveness of Se supplementation in the T2DM population.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Stróżyk
- Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Z Osica
- Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - M Kołodziej
- Department of Paediatrics, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - B M Zalewski
- Department of Paediatrics, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - B Mrozikiewicz-Rakowska
- Department of Diabetology and Internal Diseases, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - H Szajewska
- Department of Paediatrics, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
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