1
|
Prevalence and subtypes of hypertension in normal-weight and obese Indian adolescents: a cross-sectional study. J Hum Hypertens 2022; 36:1003-1010. [PMID: 34526646 DOI: 10.1038/s41371-021-00605-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Revised: 07/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
This cross-sectional study examined the prevalence, stages, subtypes of hypertension, and the associated risk factors in adolescent school children in Western India. We screened 2,644 adolescents, from 10 different private and government schools in urban and rural areas for hypertension, as defined by the 2017 Clinical Practice Guidelines. The association of stages and subtypes with age, gender, body mass index, type of school, and place of residence was analysed. 197 children (7.5%) had hypertension; 170 (6.4%) had stage I, 27 (1%) had stage II and 76 (2.9%) had elevated blood pressure (EBP). The risk of EBP was higher in children > 15 years of age (p = 0.006). Compared with normal-weight children, obese, and overweight children had a higher risk of hypertension [odds ratio (OR) 9 (5.84, 13.88) and 3.77 (2.59, 5.48) respectively], whereas underweight children had a lower risk [OR 0.39 (0.16, 0.98)]. Normal-weight hypertension was seen in 5.2% and was higher in children from government schools (9.4%). Systolic-diastolic hypertension (SDH) was the most common subtype, seen in 136 (5.1%). SDH was more common in girls, in rural children, and in those with stage II hypertension. Isolated diastolic hypertension, seen in 51 (1.9%), was more common in boys, in urban children, and in those with EBP.
Collapse
|
2
|
Thapa J, Sundar Budhathoki S, Niraula SR, Pandey S, Thakur N, Pokharel PK. Prehypertension and its predictors among older adolescents: A cross-sectional study from eastern Nepal. PLOS GLOBAL PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 2:e0001117. [PMID: 36962628 PMCID: PMC10021258 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgph.0001117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Prehypertension is a state of transition between normal blood pressure and hypertension. Adolescent prehypertension is a strong predictor of hypertension in adults and is now considered for cardiovascular intervention or risk reduction. This study was conducted among adolescents to assess the burden of pre-hypertension and its predictors. A cross-sectional study was conducted among grade 11 and 12 students in three districts in eastern Nepal namely Jhapa, Morang and Sunsari. Sampling was done using a multistage stratified proportionate random method. A semi-structured questionnaire adapted from the WHO STEPwise approach to the non-communicable disease risk factor surveillance (STEPS) instrument was used as a study tool after modification and pre-testing in addition to the anthropometric and blood pressure measurements by the investigators. The prevalence of prehypertension was assessed along with the identification of its predictors through multivariable binary logistic regression modelling. A total of 806 participants aged 15 to 19 years, with 57.1% female, participated in the study. Prehypertension was found in 20.8% (24.6% in males and 18.0% in females) of the participants, while 7.1% of them were hypertensive (9.2% males and 5.4% females). Obesity and central obesity were seen among 6.3% and 17.7% of the respondents respectively. Age, sex, ethnicity and obesity were found to be significantly associated with prehypertension. A significant proportion of prehypertension was seen among the adolescent population along with a notable presence of risk factors such as smoking, alcohol consumption, obesity, and eating out. This warrants careful consideration and identification of relevant strategies to reduce the burden of prehypertension via school-based interventions to reduce the modifiable risk factors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jeevan Thapa
- Department of Community Health Sciences, Patan Academy of Health Sciences, Lalitpur, Nepal
| | - Shyam Sundar Budhathoki
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Primary Care and Public Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Surya Raj Niraula
- School of Public Health and Community Medicine, B.P. Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Dharan, Nepal
| | - Sagar Pandey
- B.P. Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Dharan, Nepal
| | - Nishant Thakur
- Epidemiology and Disease Control Division, Teku, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Paras K Pokharel
- School of Public Health and Community Medicine, B.P. Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Dharan, Nepal
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Naguib YM, Samaka RM, Rizk MS, Ameen O, Motawea SM. Countering adipose tissue dysfunction could underlie the superiority of telmisartan in the treatment of obesity-related hypertension. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2021; 20:70. [PMID: 33761942 PMCID: PMC7988926 DOI: 10.1186/s12933-021-01259-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prevalence of hypertension and obesity has increased significantly in recent decades. Hypertension and obesity often coexist, and both are associated with increased cardiovascular mortality. Obese hypertensive patients usually require special anti-hypertensive treatment strategy due to the increased risk of treatment resistance. Molecules that can target both obesity and hypertension underlying pathologies should get more attention. Herein, we evaluated the therapeutic effects of telmisartan, with special interest in visceral adipose tissue dysfunction, in obesity-related hypertension rat model. METHODS Thirty male Wistar rats weighing 150-200 g were equally divided into: 1-Control group (fed normal laboratory diet for 24 weeks), 2-Diet-induced obesity group (DIO, fed high fat diet for 24 weeks), and 3-Diet-induced obesity treated with telmisartan group (DIO + Tel, fed high fat diet and received telmisartan for 24 weeks). At the end of the study, anthropometrical parameters were evaluated. Systolic blood pressure and heart rate were measured. Blood samples were collected for the measurement of serum lipids, adipokines, cardiac, renal, inflammatory, and oxidative stress biomarkers. Kidneys were removed and used for histopathological studies, and visceral adipose tissue was utilized for histopathological, immunohistochemical and RT-PCR studies. RESULTS High fat diet resulted in obesity-related changes in anthropometrical parameters, elevation of blood pressure, increase in heart rate, higher serum levels of cardiac, inflammatory and kidney function biomarkers, with altered serum lipids, adipokines and oxidative stress markers. Morphological changes (H&E and PAS-stained sections) were noticed in kidneys and visceral adipose tissue. Immunohistochemistry and RT-PCR studies confirmed adipose tissue dysfunction and over-expression of inflammatory and oxidative stress proteins. Telmisartan countered obesity-induced alterations in cardiovascular, renal, and adipose tissue functions. CONCLUSION Adipose tissue dysfunction could be the core pathophysiology of obesity-related hypertension. Besides its anti-hypertensive effect, telmisartan had profound actions on visceral adipose tissue structure and function. Attention should be given to polymodal molecules targeting adipose tissue-related disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yahya M Naguib
- Physiology Department, College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Arabian Gulf University, Manama, Bahrain.
- Clinical Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Menoufia, Egypt.
| | - Rehab M Samaka
- Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Menoufia, Egypt
| | - Mohamed S Rizk
- Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Menoufia, Egypt
| | - Omnia Ameen
- Clinical Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Menoufia, Egypt
| | - Shaimaa M Motawea
- Clinical Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Menoufia, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Fowokan A, Punthakee Z, Waddell C, Rosin M, Morrison KM, Gupta M, Rangarajan S, Teo K, Lear S. Multifactorial correlates of blood pressure in South Asian children in Canada: a cross-sectional study. BMJ Open 2019; 9:e027844. [PMID: 30962241 PMCID: PMC6500289 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2018-027844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We sought to explore various correlates of blood pressure (BP) and hypertension, and to identify the most important aggregate combination of correlates for BP in South Asian children. DESIGN Cross-sectional study SETTING: Community-based recruitment in two Canadian cities PARTICIPANTS: South Asian children (n=762) provided a range of physiological, lifestyle and social variables. BP was assessed using an automated device. Body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) and BP were transformed to z-scores using published standards. OUTCOME MEASURES Linear and logistic regression analyses were used to explore associations between the range of variables with BP z-scores and hypertension while stepwise regression was used to identify aggregate factors that provided explanatory capacity for systolic BP (SBP) and diastolic BP (DBP) z-scores. RESULTS A range of variables were associated with BP z-score and hypertension in unadjusted analysis. On adjustment for confounders, the association between age (β=-0.054, 95% CI=-0.078 to 0.029), female sex (β=-0.208, 95% CI=-0.350 to -0.067), height (β=0.022, 95% CI=0.011 to 0.033), weight (β=0.047, 95% CI=0.040 to 0.055), BMI z-score (β=0.292, 95% CI=0.249 to 0.336), WC z-score (β=0.273, 95% CI=0.219 to 0.326), WHtR z-score (β=0.289, 95% CI=0.236 to 0.342), heart rate (β=0.016, 95% CI=0.010 to 0.022), child's perception of body image (β=0.183, 95% CI=0.128 to 0.239) and grip strength (β=0.025, 95% CI=0.007 to 0.043) with SBP z-score remained. In stepwise regression, age, sex, BMI z-score, heart rate and weight accounted for 30% of the variance of SBP z-score, while age, BMI z-score, heart rate and daily fast food intake accounted for 23% of the DBP z-score variance. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that variables, such as age, sex, height, adiposity and heart rate, provide stronger explanatory capacity to BP variance and hypertension risk than other variables in South Asian children.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adeleke Fowokan
- Department of Biomedical Physiology and Kinesiology, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Zubin Punthakee
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Charlotte Waddell
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Miriam Rosin
- Department of Biomedical Physiology and Kinesiology, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada
| | | | - Milan Gupta
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sumathy Rangarajan
- Population Health Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Koon Teo
- Population Health Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Scott Lear
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Yuen JWM, Wong VCW, Tam WWS, So KW, Chien WT. A One-Year Prospective Follow-Up Study on the Health Profile of Hikikomori Living in Hong Kong. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:ijerph16040546. [PMID: 30769783 PMCID: PMC6406688 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16040546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2019] [Revised: 02/10/2019] [Accepted: 02/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Background: A prospective cohort study was conducted to follow-up on 104 participants on their changes of social, psychological and physical health as exposed to the hikikomori lifestyle. Methods: Participants were interviewed at baseline, 6 months and 12 months by administering a set of questionnaires and anthropometric measurements. Results: All three health domains of hikikomori were significantly improved over the follow-up period as evidenced by: (1) increased social network scores from 2.79 ± 1.80 to 3.09 ± 1.87, (2) decreased perceived stress scores from 21.18 ± 5.87 to 20.11 ± 5.79, and (3) reduced blood pressure levels from 118/75 to 115/71 and waist-to-hip ratios. Almost half of the participants have recovered from hikikomori by returning to the workforce in society; however, the health improvements were dominant in those that remained as hikikomori and were associated with the gradual swapping of exercise practices from light to moderate level strength. Conclusions: With intended exposure to social worker engagement, physical assessments of the cohort study triggered the social workers to encourage participants to do more exercises, which in turn enhanced their awareness of health modification towards a better health. Engagement of social workers could be considered as part of the intended exposure for all participants, which suggested social work intervention was effective in helping hikikomori recovery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- John W M Yuen
- School of Nursing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong.
| | - Victor C W Wong
- Department of Social Work, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Kowloon, Hong Kong.
| | - Wilson W S Tam
- Alice Lee Centre for Nursing Studies, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119077, Singapore.
| | - Ka Wing So
- Withdrawal Youth Service, Hong Kong Christian Service, Tsim Sha Tsui, Kowloon, Hong Kong.
| | - Wai Tong Chien
- Nethersole School of Nursing, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Patel A, Bharani A, Sharma M, Bhagwat A, Ganguli N, Chouhan DS. Prevalence of hypertension and prehypertension in schoolchildren from Central India. Ann Pediatr Cardiol 2019; 12:90-96. [PMID: 31143032 PMCID: PMC6521652 DOI: 10.4103/apc.apc_13_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Epidemiological transition with increasing burden of cardiovascular risk factors is evident not only in adults but also in children. The data on the prevalence of prehypertension and hypertension in children show large regional differences in India and such data are not available from Central India. We, therefore, conducted a large cross-sectional study in Indore to determine the distribution of blood pressure (BP) and the prevalence of hypertension and prehypertension among schoolchildren. Methods: A total of 11,312 children (5305 girls, 6007 boys) aged 5–15 years, drawn from 80 government and private schools in equal proportion, were evaluated. Anthropometric measurements were obtained and BPs were measured using The Fourth Report on The Diagnosis, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure in Children and Adolescents as reference standard. BP ≥90th to <95th percentile for given percentile of height was considered as prehypertension, whereas any BP ≥95th percentile was defined as hypertension. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to find out the determinants of hypertension in these children. Results: Prehypertension was detected in 6.9% and 6.5% and hypertension was found in 6.8% and 7.0% of boys and girls, respectively. Height and weight were found to be a significant predictor of systolic and diastolic BP among both boys and girls. Conclusions: Our results show a high prevalence of prehypertension and hypertension in Indore schoolchildren with age and height being significant determinants. This highlights the need for routine BP measurements in children by pediatricians when they treat them for intercurrent illnesses or vaccinate them. It should also be mandatory as a part of school health checkup programs to detect childhood hypertension for further counseling and therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ashish Patel
- Department of Medicine, MGM Medical College, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Anil Bharani
- Department of Medicine, MGM Medical College, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Meenakshi Sharma
- Scientist 'F', Division of Noncommunicable Diseases, Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi, India
| | - Anuradha Bhagwat
- JVMM Project on Community Control of Rheumatic Fever/Rheumatic Heart Disease, Rheumatic Fever/Rheumatic Heart Disease Registry, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Neepa Ganguli
- JVMM Project on Community Control of Rheumatic Fever/Rheumatic Heart Disease, Rheumatic Fever/Rheumatic Heart Disease Registry, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Fowokan AO, Sakakibara BM, Onsel N, Punthakee Z, Waddell C, Rosin M, Lear SA. Correlates of elevated blood pressure in healthy children: a systematic review. Clin Obes 2018; 8:366-381. [PMID: 30066442 DOI: 10.1111/cob.12271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2018] [Revised: 05/22/2018] [Accepted: 05/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The prevalence of hypertension in children is increasing globally. Addressing this will require a robust understanding of associated risk factors. To this end, we conducted a systematic review to identify correlates of elevated blood pressure (BP) in children. Literature searches were conducted using pre-defined search terms from three academic databases. The abstract and full text of identified studies were screened for eligibility by two independent reviewers. A total of 100 studies were included in this systematic review. An assessment tool was first used to assess study quality; a narrative synthesis was then performed. We found a broad range of physiological, social and behavioural factors associated with elevated BP in children. The most common correlate observed was adiposity, suggesting that childhood obesity may be implicated in the increased prevalence of hypertension observed in children. However, the broad range of other factors identified underscores the multi-factorial aetiology of hypertension. Data from a broad range of studies showed that the correlates of hypertension in children are multi-factorial. Therefore, approaches aimed at preventing hypertension must in turn be multi-factorial to ensure that the burden of hypertension in childhood is addressed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A O Fowokan
- Department of Biomedical Physiology and Kinesiology, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada
| | - B M Sakakibara
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada
| | - N Onsel
- Department of Industrial Engineering, Boğaziçi University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Z Punthakee
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University and Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - C Waddell
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada
| | - M Rosin
- Department of Biomedical Physiology and Kinesiology, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada
| | - S A Lear
- Department of Biomedical Physiology and Kinesiology, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada
- Division of Cardiology, Providence Health Care, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Al-Amodi HS, Abdelbasit NA, Fatani SH, Babakr AT, Mukhtar MM. The effect of obesity and components of metabolic syndrome on leptin levels in Saudi women. Diabetes Metab Syndr 2018; 12:357-364. [PMID: 29307577 DOI: 10.1016/j.dsx.2017.12.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2017] [Accepted: 12/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Leptin levels are reported to be increased with excessive body fat and is a potential determinant of obesity and its complications. Our Objective is to evaluate the relationship between leptin levels and BMI, waist circumference and metabolic syndrome components in normal and obese females classified according to their BMI. SUBJECTS AND METHODS A total of 136 female subjects aged between 20 and 60 years were recruited for the current study. Anthropometric measures included body mass index and waist circumference. The blood samples were used for estimation of plasma fasting blood glucose and serum was used for estimation of triglycerides, total cholesterol, low and high density lipoproteins, and total leptin. RESULTS Correlation between glucose and lipids profile with waist circumference among the whole study group (obese and non-obese) is reflecting that a strong positive correlation between BMI and blood glucose, serum TGs, cholesterol and LDL, a negative correlation was reported between BMI and serum HDL. Mean of leptin concentrations in two groups were found to be 5.77 ng/ml (±1.00) in non-obese and 28.89 ng/ml (±4.91) in the obese with metabolic syndrome. Leptin had a positive correlations with triglycerides (r = 0.84, p < 0.001), total cholesterol (r = 0.77, p < 0.001), LDL (r = 0.83, p < 0.001), waist circumference (r = 0.86, p < 0.001) and BMI (r = 0.72, p < 0.001) in the test group. a negative correlation was reported between BMI and serum HDL (r = -0.48, p < 0.001). CONCLUSION Leptin levels were high in Saudi women with high BMI and waist circumference. There was a significant correlation between leptin levels and Obesity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hiba S Al-Amodi
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Nazik Altayeb Abdelbasit
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Samir H Fatani
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Abdullatif Taha Babakr
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia.
| | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Yuen JWM, Yan YKY, Wong VCW, Tam WWS, So KW, Chien WT. A Physical Health Profile of Youths Living with a "Hikikomori" Lifestyle. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2018; 15:E315. [PMID: 29439488 PMCID: PMC5858384 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15020315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2017] [Revised: 02/05/2018] [Accepted: 02/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
A cross-sectional study was designed to understand the impacts of "hikikomori" lifestyle on physical health. A total of 104 eligible hikikomori cases were recruited from the social services network of Hong Kong with a mean age of 19.02 ± 3.62 (ranged 13-31) year-old, and had completed the set of questionnaires and a series of anthropometric and physical health measurements. Despite SF36 score of 84.0 indicated good physical functioning in general, participants were lived sedentarily with high incidence of hypertension at 15.4% and prehypertension at 31.7%. Occurrence of hypertension and prehypertension in cases living as hikikomori >6 months were 3 times and 1.5 times higher than those newly onset cases, respectively. The blood pressure levels were correlated with age and all obesity index parameters measured including waist circumference and body mass index. Results also observed a shift of body weight from underweight to overweight and obesity along the hikikomori duration. Half of the hypertensive cases involved the elevation of systolic blood pressure, which suggested higher odds of cardiovascular complications. In conclusion, the hikikomori lifestyle could be a risk behavior that may harm the younger generation physically by promoting obesity and hypertension and probably other chronic illnesses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- John W M Yuen
- School of Nursing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Yoyo K Y Yan
- School of Nursing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Victor C W Wong
- Department of Social Work, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Wilson W S Tam
- Alice Lee Centre for Nursing Studies, National University of Singapore, Lower Kent Ridge Road, Singapore 119077, Singapore.
| | - Ka-Wing So
- Withdrawal Youth Service, Hong Kong Christian Service, Tsim Sha Tsui, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Wai-Tong Chien
- School of Nursing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Frates EP, Xiao RC, Sannidhi D, McBride Y, McCargo T, Stern TA. A Web-Based Lifestyle Medicine Curriculum: Facilitating Education About Lifestyle Medicine, Behavioral Change, and Health Care Outcomes. JMIR MEDICAL EDUCATION 2017; 3:e14. [PMID: 28893726 PMCID: PMC5613210 DOI: 10.2196/mededu.7587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2017] [Revised: 07/21/2017] [Accepted: 07/22/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lifestyle medicine is the science and application of healthy lifestyles as interventions for the prevention and treatment of disease, and has gained significant momentum as a specialty in recent years. College is a critical time for maintenance and acquisition of healthy habits. Longer-term, more intensive web-based and in-person lifestyle medicine interventions can have a positive effect. Students who are exposed to components of lifestyle medicine in their education have improvements in their health behaviors. A semester-long undergraduate course focused on lifestyle medicine can be a useful intervention to help adopt and sustain healthy habits. OBJECTIVE To describe a novel, evidence based curriculum for a course teaching the concepts of Lifestyle Medicine based on a web-based course offered at the Harvard Extension School. METHODS The course was delivered in a web-based format. The Lifestyle Medicine course used evidence based principles to guide students toward a "coach approach" to behavior change, increasing their self-efficacy regarding various lifestyle-related preventive behaviors. Students are made to understand the cultural trends and national guidelines that have shaped lifestyle medicine recommendations relating to behaviors. They are encouraged to engage in behavior change. Course topics include physical activity, nutrition, addiction, sleep, stress, and lifestyle coaching and counseling. The course addressed all of the American College of Preventive Medicine/American College of Lifestyle Medicine competencies save for the competency of office systems and technologies to support lifestyle medicine counseling. RESULTS The course was well-received, earning a ranking of 4.9/5 at the school. CONCLUSIONS A novel, semester-long course on Lifestyle Medicine at the Harvard Extension School is described. Student evaluations suggest the course was well-received. Further research is needed to evaluate whether such a course empowers students to adopt behavior changes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Pegg Frates
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital, Charlestown, MA, United States
- Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Ryan C Xiao
- Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Deepa Sannidhi
- Division of Family Medicine, Department of Family and Preventative Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Yasamina McBride
- Harvard Extension School, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, United States
| | - Tracie McCargo
- Harvard Extension School, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, United States
| | - Theodore A Stern
- Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, MA, United States
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Roy S, Ghosh JR. Hypertension in Asian Indian Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review on the Prevalence and Associated Risk Factors. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/09751270.2017.1336014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Swastika Roy
- Department of Anthropology, Visva-Bharati University, Santiniketan 731 235, West Bengal, India
| | - Jyoti Ratan Ghosh
- Department of Anthropology, Visva-Bharati University, Santiniketan 731 235, West Bengal, India
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Karaduman M, Aparci M, Unlu M, Ozturk C, Balta S, Celik T. Role of Screening Tests in the Detection and Management of Blood Pressure Abnormalities Among Young Population. Angiology 2016; 68:441-446. [PMID: 27494938 DOI: 10.1177/0003319716661944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The prevalence of hypertension is increasing among young population worldwide. So there is an interest in detecting prehypertension and hypertension in childhood. We determined blood pressure (BP) recorded at a screening test in a young population. We retrospectively evaluated the medical records including systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), weight, height, and body mass index (BMI) of 685 male and 130 female apparently healthy adolescents. We evaluated the prevalence of BP categories: normotension, prehypertension, and hypertension. The prevalence of normotension (n = 369), prehypertension (n = 333), and hypertension (n = 113) was 45.3%, 40.9% and 13.9%, respectively; prehypertension and hypertension were significantly higher among males. The prevalence of prehypertension and hypertension was significantly higher among overweight males and females. The BMI significantly correlated with SBP, DBP, and heart rate among both genders. The prevalence of prehypertension and hypertension is high among Turkish adolescents. Screening tests focused on BP and BMI measurement may help detect the young population at risk of hypertension and cardiovascular disease in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet Karaduman
- 1 Department of Internal Medicine, Etimesgut Military Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Aparci
- 2 Department of Cardiology, Haydarpasa Training Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Murat Unlu
- 3 Department of Cardiology, Gulhane Military Medical Faculty, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Cengiz Ozturk
- 3 Department of Cardiology, Gulhane Military Medical Faculty, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Sevket Balta
- 3 Department of Cardiology, Gulhane Military Medical Faculty, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Turgay Celik
- 3 Department of Cardiology, Gulhane Military Medical Faculty, Ankara, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|