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Zhang L, Meng Z, Huang C, Xian J. Combined average standard uptake value and rate constant can predict expression of EGFR in hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma: A pilot study with integrated PET/MRI. Eur J Radiol 2024; 172:111326. [PMID: 38280301 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejrad.2024.111326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 01/29/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate whether the quantitative multiparameters of 18F-FDG PET/MRI can predict expression of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) of hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (HSCC). METHODS Twenty-one patients with HSCC confirmed by biopsy underwent neck integrated 18F-FDG PET/MRI and EGFR expression detection. Quantitative parameters derived from 18F-FDG PET, difusion-weighted imaging (DWI), and dynamic contrast enhanced-magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) were measured. The efficacies of quantitative multiparameters derived from 18F-FDG PET/MRI for predicting the expression of EGFR of HSCC were evaluated. RESULTS The patients were divided into positive expression group (PEG, n = 14) and negative expression group (NEG, n = 7). Mann-Whitney U nonparametric test showed that SUVmean and Kep had statistical difference between PEG and NPG, while other parameters had no statistical difference. Using 14.50 and 2.10 min-1 as the threshold values, areas under the curve (AUCs) for SUVmean and Kep were 0.786 with specificity of 92.9 % and sensitivity of 57.1 %. The combined use of SUVmean and Kep had better efficacy to evaluate the expression of EGFR with AUC of 0.980, sensitivity of 92.9 %, and specificity of 100.0 %. CONCLUSION Combined use of SUVmean and Kep showed good performance in predicting the expression of EGFR in HSCC. Integrated 18F-FDG PET/MRI enables simultaneous acquisition of SUVmean and Kep, so it represents as a powerful tool to noninvasively and repeatably evaluate the expression of EGFR during the management of HSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingyu Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 1, DongJiaoMinXiang Street, Dongcheng District, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Zhaoting Meng
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Beijing Universal Medical Imaging Diagnostic Center, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Caiyun Huang
- Department of Radiology, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning 530022, China
| | - Junfang Xian
- Department of Radiology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 1, DongJiaoMinXiang Street, Dongcheng District, Beijing 100730, China.
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Al Taher RS, Abbas MA, Halahleh K, Sughayer MA. Correlation Between ImageJ and Conventional Manual Scoring Methods for Programmed Death-Ligand 1 Immuno-Histochemically Stained Sections. Technol Cancer Res Treat 2024; 23:15330338241242635. [PMID: 38562094 PMCID: PMC10989033 DOI: 10.1177/15330338241242635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: One of the most frequently used methods for quantifying PD-L1 (programmed cell death-ligand 1) expression in tumor tissue is IHC (immunohistochemistry). This may predict the patient's response to anti-PD1/PD-L1 therapy in cancer. Methods: ImageJ software was used to score IHC-stained sections for PD-L1 and compare the results with the conventional manual method. Results: In diffuse large B cell lymphoma, no significant difference between the scores obtained by the conventional method and ImageJ scores obtained using the option "RGB" or "Brightness/Contrast." On the other hand, a significant difference was found between the conventional and HSB scoring methods. ImageJ faced some challenges in analyzing head and neck squamous cell carcinoma tissues because of tissue heterogenicity. A significant difference was found between the conventional and ImageJ scores using HSB or RGB but not with the "Brightness/Contrast" option. Scores obtained by ImageJ analysis after taking images using 20 × objective lens gave significantly higher readings compared to 40 × magnification. A significant difference between camera-captured images' scores and scanner whole slide images' scores was observed. Conclusion: ImageJ can be used to score homogeneous tissues. In the case of highly heterogeneous tissues, it is advised to use the conventional method rather than ImageJ scoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rand Suleiman Al Taher
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Allied Medical Sciences, Al-Ahliyya Amman University, Amman, Jordan
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, King Hussein Cancer Center, Amman, Jordan
| | - Manal A. Abbas
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Allied Medical Sciences, Al-Ahliyya Amman University, Amman, Jordan
- Pharmacological and Diagnostic Research Laboratory, Al-Ahliyya Amman University, Amman, Jordan
| | - Khalid Halahleh
- Department of Medical Oncology, King Hussein Cancer Center, Amman, Jordan
| | - Maher A. Sughayer
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, King Hussein Cancer Center, Amman, Jordan
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Kato T, Shinohara I, Mifune Y, Inui A, Nishimoto H, Yoshikawa T, Furukawa T, Tanaka S, Kusunose M, Hoshino Y, Matsushita T, Kuroda R. Intra-articular site-specific distribution of advanced glycation end products in the shoulder of patients with diabetes mellitus having rotator cuff tears. Mol Biol Rep 2023; 50:10339-10349. [PMID: 37982930 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-023-08861-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) are compounds formed due to aging and diabetes mellitus (DM). They activate NADPH oxidase (NOX) by binding to their receptors, thereby increasing the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which cause oxidative stress. In this study, we investigated the effects of AGEs on the tissues of the shoulder joint (such as rotator cuff synovium, and capsule) in patients with DM having rotator cuff tears. METHODS This study included eight patients with DM who underwent surgical treatment for rotator cuff tears with contracture. The rotator cuff, synovium, and joint capsule were harvested at the time of surgery and evaluated by hematoxylin-eosin staining. Furthermore, immunostaining was used for evaluating AGEs and receptor for AGEs (RAGE), cell activity, ROS, and apoptosis. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) was employed for the cellular evaluation of NOX, interleukins, RAGE, and collagen. RESULTS The AGEs and RAGE staining as well as the ratio of ROS and apoptosis were in the following order: rotator cuff > joint capsule > synovium. In contrast, the cellular activity was significantly higher in the synovium than in the other regions. The type I collagen expression (as shown by qPCR) as well as the RAGE and NOX expressions were as follows: rotator cuff > joint capsule > synovium. Conversely, the expression of inflammatory cytokines (i.e., IL-6 and IL-1β) was higher in the synovium than in the other regions. CONCLUSIONS Our study is among the first to evaluate the effects of AGEs on each tissue of the shoulder joint in patients with DM having rotator cuff tears and contractures. The accumulation of AGEs in each tissue of the shoulder joint could reveal the locations affected by DM, which can lead to a better understanding of the pathophysiology of DM-related shoulder diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuo Kato
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 5-2, Kusunoki-cho7, Chuo-ku, Kobe-shi, 650-0017, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Issei Shinohara
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 5-2, Kusunoki-cho7, Chuo-ku, Kobe-shi, 650-0017, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Yutaka Mifune
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 5-2, Kusunoki-cho7, Chuo-ku, Kobe-shi, 650-0017, Hyogo, Japan.
| | - Atsuyuki Inui
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 5-2, Kusunoki-cho7, Chuo-ku, Kobe-shi, 650-0017, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Hanako Nishimoto
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 5-2, Kusunoki-cho7, Chuo-ku, Kobe-shi, 650-0017, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Tomoya Yoshikawa
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 5-2, Kusunoki-cho7, Chuo-ku, Kobe-shi, 650-0017, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Takahiro Furukawa
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 5-2, Kusunoki-cho7, Chuo-ku, Kobe-shi, 650-0017, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Shuya Tanaka
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 5-2, Kusunoki-cho7, Chuo-ku, Kobe-shi, 650-0017, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Masaya Kusunose
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 5-2, Kusunoki-cho7, Chuo-ku, Kobe-shi, 650-0017, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Yuichi Hoshino
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 5-2, Kusunoki-cho7, Chuo-ku, Kobe-shi, 650-0017, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Takehiko Matsushita
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 5-2, Kusunoki-cho7, Chuo-ku, Kobe-shi, 650-0017, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Kuroda
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 5-2, Kusunoki-cho7, Chuo-ku, Kobe-shi, 650-0017, Hyogo, Japan
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Khan A, Shal B, Ullah Khan A, Ullah Shah K, Saniya Zahra S, ul Haq I, ud Din F, Ali H, Khan S. Neuroprotective mechanism of Ajugarin-I against Vincristine-Induced neuropathic pain via regulation of Nrf2/NF-κB and Bcl2 signalling. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 118:110046. [PMID: 36989890 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.110046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
Vincristine (VCR) is a well-known chemotherapeutic agent that frequently triggers neuropathic pain. Ajugarin-I (Aju-I) isolated from Ajuga bracteosa exerts antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective properties. The present study was designed to investigate the ameliorative potential of Aju-I against VCR-induced neuropathic pain and explored the underlying mechanism involved. The neuroprotective potential of Aju-I was first confirmed against hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced cytotoxicity and oxidative stress in PC12 cells. For neuropathic pain induction, vincristine was given intraperitoneally (i.p.) into adult male albino mice (BALB/c) of the same age (8-12 weeks old) for 10 days (days 1-10). Aju-I (1 and 5 mg/kg) doses were administered from day 11 to 21 intraperitoneally (i.p.) after the neuropathic induction. Initially, behavioral tests such as thermal hyperalgesia, mechanical allodynia, and cold allodynia were performed to investigate the antinociceptive potential of Ajugarin-I (1 and 5 mg/kg, b.w). The nuclear factor-erythroid factor 2-related factor 2(Nrf2), nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), BCL2-associated × protein (Bax), and B-cell-lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) signaling proteins were determined by immunohistochemistry and western blot. Additionally, inflammatory cytokines, antioxidant, and oxidative stress parameters were also measured in the spinal cord and sciatic nerve. The behavioral results demonstrated that Aju-I (5 mg/kg) markedly alleviated VCR-induced neuropathic pain behaviors including hyperalgesia and allodynia. It reversed the histological alterations caused by VCR in the sciatic nerve, spinal cord, and brain. It significantly alleviated oxidative stress and inflammation by regulating the immunoreactivity of Nrf2/NF-κB signaling. It suppressed apoptosis by regulating the immunoreactivity of Bcl-2/Bax and Caspase-3. The flow cytometry and comet analysis also confirmed its anti-apoptotic potential. It considerably improved the antioxidant status and mitigated VCR-induced inflammatory cytokines. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis indicated that Aju-I crosses the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and penetrated the brain tissue. These findings suggest that Aju-I treatment inhibited vincristine-induced neuropathy via regulation of Nrf2/NF-κB and Bcl2 signaling.
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Khan A, Shal B, Khan AU, Baig MW, Haq IU, Khan S. Withametelin, a steroidal lactone, isolated from datura innoxa attenuates STZ-induced diabetic neuropathic pain in rats through inhibition of NF-kB/MAPK signaling. Food Chem Toxicol 2023; 175:113742. [PMID: 36958385 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2023.113742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/25/2023]
Abstract
Diabetic neuropathic pain is one of the microvascular complications of diabetes mellitus characterized by symmetrical pain and sensory abnormalities. A steroidal lactone isolated from the datura innoxa plant, withametelin (WMT), exhibited significant neuroprotective, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anticancer properties. The current study aimed to investigate anti-neuropathic pain activity and the molecular mechanism of WMT against streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic neuropathy. Rats were given a single injection of STZ (60 mg/kg, intraperitoneally (i.p.)) for induction of diabetes on the first day of the study. After the onset of diabetic neuropathy, pregabalin (10 mg/kg, i.p.) and WMT (0.1 and 1 mg/kg, i.p.) treatments were started from day 14 up to day 42. It was found that STZ-induced neuropathic pain behaviors were markedly reduced by WMT. It inhibited the STZ-associated histopathological changes and genotoxicity in the sciatic nerve and spinal cord. Additionally, Fourier transforms infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy results revealed that STZ-induced alterations in the biochemical components of the sciatic nerve's myelin sheath were inhibited by WMT. In the spinal cord, it markedly reduced the immunoreactivity of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) signaling components such as p38-MAPK, c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), extracellular-signal-regulated-kinase (ERK), and activator-protein 1 (AP-1). It also reduced the expression levels of nuclear factor-kappa-B (NF-κB), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS). The production of inflammatory cytokines was considerably reduced by WMT. This study provides convincing evidence that WMT treatment attenuated STZ-induced diabetic neuropathic pain by inhibition of MAPK/NF-κB signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adnan Khan
- Pharmacological Sciences Research Lab, Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan; Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan; DHQ Teaching Hospital Timergara, Lower Dir, KPK, Pakistan.
| | - Bushra Shal
- Pharmacological Sciences Research Lab, Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan; Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pak-Austria Fachhochschule Institute of Applied Sciences and Technology, Haripur, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.
| | - Ashraf Ullah Khan
- Pharmacological Sciences Research Lab, Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan; Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan; Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Abasyn University, Peshawar, Pakistan.
| | - Muhammad Waleed Baig
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan.
| | - Ihsan Ul Haq
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan.
| | - Salman Khan
- Pharmacological Sciences Research Lab, Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan; Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan.
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Zhu W, Qiong D, Yanli G, Min L, Ying Z, Qiyi H, Shenping Z, Xisheng W, Hui L. Proteomics and transcriptomics profiling reveals distinct aspects of kidney stone related genes in calculi rats. BMC Genomics 2023; 24:127. [PMID: 36932340 PMCID: PMC10024419 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-023-09222-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUNDS Kidney stone also known as urolithiasis or nephrolithiasis, is one of the oldest diseases known to medicine, however, the gene expression changes and related kidney injury remains unclear. METHODS A calculi rat model was developed via ethylene glycol- and ammonium chloride-induction. Integrated proteomic and transcriptomic analysis was performed to characterize the distinct gene expression profiles in the kidney of calculi rat. Differential expressed genes (DEGs) were sub-clustered into distinct groups according to the consistency of transcriptome and proteome. Gene Ontology and KEGG pathway enrichment was performed to analyze the functions of each sub-group of DEGs. Immunohistochemistry was performed to validated the expression of identified proteins. RESULTS Five thousand eight hundred ninety-seven genes were quantified at both transcriptome and proteome levels, and six distinct gene clusters were identified, of which 14 genes were consistently dysregulated. Functional enrichment analysis showed that the calculi rat kidney was increased expression of injured & apoptotic markers and immune-molecules, and decreased expression of solute carriers & transporters and many metabolic related factors. CONCLUSIONS The present proteotranscriptomic study provided a data resource and new insights for better understanding of the pathogenesis of nephrolithiasis, will hopefully facilitate the future development of new strategies for the recurrence prevention and treatment in patients with kidney stone disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wang Zhu
- Department of Urology, People's Hospital of Longhua Shenzhen, Southern Medical University, 38 Jinglong Jianshe Road, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518109, People's Republic of China
| | - Deng Qiong
- Department of Urology, People's Hospital of Longhua Shenzhen, Southern Medical University, 38 Jinglong Jianshe Road, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518109, People's Republic of China
| | - Gu Yanli
- Central Laboratory, People's Hospital of Longhua Shenzhen, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518109, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Min
- Department of Pathology, People's Hospital of Longhua Shenzhen, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518109, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhang Ying
- Department of Urology, People's Hospital of Longhua Shenzhen, Southern Medical University, 38 Jinglong Jianshe Road, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518109, People's Republic of China
| | - Hu Qiyi
- Department of Urology, People's Hospital of Longhua Shenzhen, Southern Medical University, 38 Jinglong Jianshe Road, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518109, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhang Shenping
- Department of Urology, People's Hospital of Longhua Shenzhen, Southern Medical University, 38 Jinglong Jianshe Road, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518109, People's Republic of China
| | - Wang Xisheng
- Department of Urology, People's Hospital of Longhua Shenzhen, Southern Medical University, 38 Jinglong Jianshe Road, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518109, People's Republic of China.
| | - Liang Hui
- Department of Urology, People's Hospital of Longhua Shenzhen, Southern Medical University, 38 Jinglong Jianshe Road, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518109, People's Republic of China.
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Li H, Xu JX, Cheng TC, Tian LJ, Lin JF, Luo X, Bian ZL, Han XD. Inhibition of Phosphoinositide 3-Kinase Gamma Protects Endothelial Cells via the Akt Signaling Pathway in Sepsis-Induced Acute Kidney Injury. Kidney Blood Press Res 2022; 47:616-630. [PMID: 36130530 PMCID: PMC9808661 DOI: 10.1159/000526916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Sepsis is a primary cause of death in critically ill patients and is characterized by multiple organ dysfunction, including sepsis-induced acute kidney injury (AKI), which contributes to high mortality in sepsis. However, its pathophysiological mechanisms remain unclear. The kidney has one of the richest and most diversified endothelial cell populations in the body. This study was designed to investigate the effects of endothelial dysfunction in sepsis-induced AKI and explore possible intervention measures to offer new insight into the pathogenesis and treatment of sepsis-induced AKI. METHODS The circulating levels of endothelial adhesion molecules were detected in patients with sepsis and healthy controls to observe the role of endothelial damage in sepsis and sepsis-induced AKI. A murine sepsis model induced by cecal ligation and perforation was pretreated with a phosphoinositide 3-kinase gamma (PI3Kγ) inhibitor (CZC24832), and survival, kidney damage, and renal endothelial injury were assessed by pathological examination, immunohistochemistry, quantitative polymerase chain reaction, and Western blotting. Lipopolysaccharides and CZC24832 were administered to human umbilical vein endothelial cells in vitro, and endothelial cell function and the expression of adhesion molecules were evaluated. RESULTS Endothelial damage was more serious in sepsis-induced AKI than that in non-AKI, and the inhibition of PI3Kγ alleviates renal endothelial injury in a murine sepsis model, protecting endothelial cell function and repairing endothelial cell injury through the Akt signaling pathway. CONCLUSIONS In this study, endothelial cell dysfunction plays an important role in sepsis-induced AKI, and the inhibition of PI3Kγ alleviates endothelial cell injury in sepsis-induced AKI through the PI3Kγ/Akt pathway, providing novel targets for treating sepsis and related kidney injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Li
- Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Jun-Xian Xu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Nantong Third People's Hospital, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | | | - Li-Jun Tian
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Nantong Third People's Hospital, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Jin-Feng Lin
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Nantong Third People's Hospital, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Xi Luo
- Nantong Institute of Liver Diseases, Nantong Third People's Hospital, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Zhao-Lian Bian
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Nantong Third People's Hospital, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Xu-Dong Han
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Nantong Third People's Hospital, Nantong University, Nantong, China,*Xu-Dong Han,
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Shinohara I, Mifune Y, Inui A, Nishimoto H, Yamaura K, Mukohara S, Yoshikawa T, Kato T, Furukawa T, Hoshino Y, Matsushita T, Kuroda R. Biochemical Markers of Aging (Advanced Glycation End Products) and Degeneration Are Increased in Type 3 Rotator Cuff Tendon Stumps With Increased Signal Intensity Changes on MRI. Am J Sports Med 2022; 50:1960-1970. [PMID: 35486520 DOI: 10.1177/03635465221090649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) are end products of protein glycation that bind to the receptor for AGEs (RAGE) and activate nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase (NOX), resulting in increased oxidative stress and rotator cuff fragility. Stump classification using the signal intensity ratio of the tendon rupture site to the deltoid muscle in the coronal view of T2-weighted fat-suppressed magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans is an indicator of clinical outcomes after rotator cuff repair surgery. Comparing the signal intensities of the deltoid (D) and rotator cuff tears (C), Ishitani et al. classified C/D <0.8 as type 1, 0.8 to 1.3 as type 2, and >1.3 as type 3. HYPOTHESIS/PURPOSE It was hypothesized that the oxidative stress and collagen degeneration that occur in the rotator cuff due to accumulation of AGEs can be assessed on MRI scans (stump classification). Therefore, this study aimed to compare AGE-related factors in the rotator cuff tear site tissues based on stump classification. STUDY DESIGN Descriptive laboratory study. METHODS The authors included 30 patients (11 with type 1, 9 with type 2, and 10 with type 3; mean age, 62.3 years) who underwent surgery for complete rotator cuff tears at our hospital. Tendon tissue was harvested from the torn rotator cuff site during surgery for tissue and cell evaluation. RESULTS There was no significant difference in the mean age according to stump classification. The number of patients with diabetes was significantly larger in type 3 than in the other types (P < .05). Tissue evaluation showed significantly higher expression of AGE and RAGE staining in type 3 than in the other types (~6.7-fold; P < .01). Cell evaluation showed that the expression rates of reactive oxygen species and apoptosis were significantly higher in type 3 than in the other types (~4.3-fold; P < .01). Gene expression by real-time polymerase chain reaction showed significantly higher RAGE (~5.1-fold), NOX (~5.3-fold), and IL (~3.0-fold) in type 3 than in the other types (P < .05). CONCLUSION Stump classification type 3 exhibited the highest accumulation of AGEs and the highest oxidative stress and apoptosis, suggesting a high degree of degeneration and inflammation. Imaging based on stump classification reflects the degeneration and fragility of the torn rotator cuff site. CLINICAL RELEVANCE This study provides evidence of a relationship between stump classification, which reflects rotator cuff fragility on MRI, and pathologies related to advanced glycation end products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Issei Shinohara
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Yutaka Mifune
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Atsuyuki Inui
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Hanako Nishimoto
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Kohei Yamaura
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Shintaro Mukohara
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Tomoya Yoshikawa
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Tatsuo Kato
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Takahiro Furukawa
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Yuichi Hoshino
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Takehiko Matsushita
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Kuroda
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
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Laohavisudhi F, Chunchai T, Ketchaikosol N, Thosaporn W, Chattipakorn N, Chattipakorn SC. Evaluation of CD44s, CD44v6, CXCR2, CXCL1, and IL-1β in Benign and Malignant Tumors of Salivary Glands. Diagnostics (Basel) 2022; 12:1275. [PMID: 35626430 PMCID: PMC9141664 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics12051275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 05/14/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several studies have reported an association between high expression of CD44 in different types of cancer. However, no study has reported a link among CD44 expression, other biomarkers, and the aggressiveness of salivary gland tumors. METHODS A total of 38 specimens were obtained from non-tumorous salivary glands, benign and malignant tumors in salivary glands. Immunohistochemical analyses of CD44s, CD44v6, IL-1β, CXCL1, and CXCR2 were performed, and the area of positive cells was assessed. RESULTS We found that both CD44s and CXCR2 expression were increased in the benign and malignant groups. CD44v6 was also increased in both groups, but it had the highest level in the malignant group. IL-1β was the only biomarker that increased significantly in the malignant group in comparison to the other two groups. CONCLUSIONS CD44s, CD44v6, CXCR2, and IL-1β expressions were found to be higher in salivary gland tumors. However, IL-1β alone may play a crucial role in the aggressiveness of salivary gland tumors as this cytokine was expressed only in the malignant group with high expression associated with high-grade malignancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fonthip Laohavisudhi
- Department of Oral Biology and Oral Diagnostic Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; (F.L.); (N.K.); (W.T.)
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; (T.C.); (N.C.)
- Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Titikorn Chunchai
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; (T.C.); (N.C.)
- Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Natnicha Ketchaikosol
- Department of Oral Biology and Oral Diagnostic Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; (F.L.); (N.K.); (W.T.)
| | - Wacharaporn Thosaporn
- Department of Oral Biology and Oral Diagnostic Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; (F.L.); (N.K.); (W.T.)
| | - Nipon Chattipakorn
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; (T.C.); (N.C.)
- Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Siriporn C. Chattipakorn
- Department of Oral Biology and Oral Diagnostic Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; (F.L.); (N.K.); (W.T.)
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; (T.C.); (N.C.)
- Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
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Comparison of Different Hepatocyte Nuclear Factor 4α Clones for Invasive Mucinous Adenocarcinoma of the Lung. Appl Immunohistochem Mol Morphol 2022; 30:383-388. [PMID: 35510773 DOI: 10.1097/pai.0000000000001020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Invasive mucinous adenocarcinoma (IMA) is a rare variant of adenocarcinoma that comprises mucinous epithelial cells. The expression of hepatocyte nuclear factor 4α (HNF4α) has been previously reported as a marker for IMA, but controversy remains regarding whether HNF4α is a reliable marker for lung IMAs. In the present study, we compared HNF4α expression levels between IMA and nonmucinous adenocarcinoma (NMA) cases using 2 different HNF4α clones. We used 2 HNF4α antibody clones, H1 and H1415, to examine HNF4α expression in 36 IMA and 40 NMA cases, which comprised the control group. HNF4α immunostaining intensity (range, 0 to 3) and percentage of intensity (range, 0% to 100%) were evaluated by 3 pathologists and ImageJ software, and average H-scores were calculated for each case. Interobserver agreement was assessed using intraclass correlation coefficient. Receiver-operating characteristic curve was used to analyze sensitivity and specificity of the clones. The mean H-score was higher in the IMA group than in the NMA group for both the H1415 (141.3 vs. 9.3) and H1 (67.3 vs. 3.4) clones. The intraclass correlation coefficient for agreement among the 4 observers was good (0.806 and 0.711). The H1415 clone exhibited comparable sensitivity (83.3% vs. 83.3%) with higher specificity (97.5% vs. 92.5%) compared with the H1 clone when using cutoff values of 36.2 (H1415) and 9.5 (H1), respectively. Our analyses suggest that HNF4α should be considered as a reliable marker for primary IMA of the lung. The H1415 clone should be preferred for use in clinical practice.
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A Method for Unsupervised Semi-Quantification of Inmunohistochemical Staining with Beta Divergences. ENTROPY 2022; 24:e24040546. [PMID: 35455209 PMCID: PMC9029173 DOI: 10.3390/e24040546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2022] [Revised: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
In many research laboratories, it is essential to determine the relative expression levels of some proteins of interest in tissue samples. The semi-quantitative scoring of a set of images consists of establishing a scale of scores ranging from zero or one to a maximum number set by the researcher and assigning a score to each image that should represent some predefined characteristic of the IHC staining, such as its intensity. However, manual scoring depends on the judgment of an observer and therefore exposes the assessment to a certain level of bias. In this work, we present a fully automatic and unsupervised method for comparative biomarker quantification in histopathological brightfield images. The method relies on a color separation method that discriminates between two chromogens expressed as brown and blue colors robustly, independent of color variation or biomarker expression level. For this purpose, we have adopted a two-stage stain separation approach in the optical density space. First, a preliminary separation is performed using a deconvolution method in which the color vectors of the stains are determined after an eigendecomposition of the data. Then, we adjust the separation using the non-negative matrix factorization method with beta divergences, initializing the algorithm with the matrices resulting from the previous step. After that, a feature vector of each image based on the intensity of the two chromogens is determined. Finally, the images are annotated using a systematically initialized k-means clustering algorithm with beta divergences. The method clearly defines the initial boundaries of the categories, although some flexibility is added. Experiments for the semi-quantitative scoring of images in five categories have been carried out by comparing the results with the scores of four expert researchers yielding accuracies that range between 76.60% and 94.58%. These results show that the proposed automatic scoring system, which is definable and reproducible, produces consistent results.
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12
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Yoshikawa T, Mifune Y, Inui A, Nishimoto H, Yamaura K, Mukohara S, Shinohara I, Kuroda R. Influence of Diabetes-Induced Glycation and Oxidative Stress on the Human Rotator Cuff. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11040743. [PMID: 35453426 PMCID: PMC9032678 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11040743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2022] [Revised: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Most shoulder rotator cuff tears (RCTs) are caused by non-traumatic age-related rotator cuff degeneration, of which hyperglycemia is a risk factor due to its glycation reaction and oxidative stress. We aimed to identify the influence of diabetes-induced glycation and oxidative stress in patients with non-traumatic shoulder RCTs. Twenty patients, aged over 50 years, with non-traumatic shoulder RCTs participated in this study. Patients with a history of diabetes mellitus or preoperative HbA1c ≥ 6.5% were assigned to the diabetic group (n = 10), and the rest to the non-diabetic group (n = 10). Cell proliferation; expression of genes related to oxidative stress, glycation reaction, inflammation, and collagen; intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels; and apoptosis rates were analyzed. The diabetic group had significantly lower cell proliferation than the non-diabetic group. In the diabetic group, the mRNA expression levels of NOX1, NOX4, IL6, RAGE, type III collagen, MMP2, TIMP1, and TIMP2 were significantly higher; type I collagen expression was significantly lower; and the rate of ROS-positive cells and apoptotic cells, as well as the expression of advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) and the receptor for AGEs (RAGE), was significantly higher. In conclusion, hyperglycemia caused by diabetes mellitus increased AGE and RAGE expression, and led to increased NOX expression, ROS production, and apoptosis in the human rotator cuff. This provides scope to find a preventive treatment for non-traumatic RCTs by inhibiting glycation and oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yutaka Mifune
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-78-382-5985; Fax: +81-78-351-6944
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Genistein Up-Regulates the Expression of EGF and E-Cadherin in the Treatment of Senile Vaginitis. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27082388. [PMID: 35458584 PMCID: PMC9025819 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27082388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2022] [Revised: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Investigating the therapeutic effect of genistein (Gen) on postmenopausal senile vaginitis (SV) and its mechanism of action. Adult SPF female Wistar rats were selected to establish a bilateral ovariectomized animal model (OVX), which simulated senile vaginitis dominated by estrogen deficiency in ovarian dysfunction. After 14 days of continuous treatment, the morphology of vaginal epithelial tissue was observed and various types of epithelial cells were counted, and the body mass and uterine and vaginal index of rats were measured. the levels of vaginal tissue secretion, microorganism, hormone and glycogen in each group were measured and the reproductive health was evaluated clinically. The protein expression and mRNA expression of epidermal growth factor (EGF) and E-cadherin (E-cadherin) in vaginal tissues were detected by immunohistochemistry and RT-PCR, respectively. Result showed that Genistein lowered vaginal pH, increased vaginal index and vaginal health score, thickened epithelial layers and improved vaginal tissue atrophy after administration. Genistein also increased the contents of glycogen and Lactobacillus in vagina, and promoted the expression of EGF, E-cadherin protein and mRNA. To sum up, there is no significant change in serum E2 and FSH levels, indicating that genistein has no effect on hormone levels in rats. genistein promoted the proliferation of vaginal epithelial cells, thickened epithelial layers and the vaginal wall, which improved the resistance of vaginal epithelium, the recovery of self-cleaning ability and healed the vaginal wound and erosive surface to improve atrophy.
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Digital Image Analysis-Based Evaluation of Claudin-1 and Claudin-7 Delocalization in Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma and in Its Precancerous State. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2022; 2022:2750193. [PMID: 35432533 PMCID: PMC9007676 DOI: 10.1155/2022/2750193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Revised: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Accumulating evidence has revealed that delocalization of the transmembrane proteins, Claudin-1 and Claudin-7, to the cytoplasm and/or nucleus occurs in various tumors. However, their subcellular distribution in terms of the membrane, cytoplasm, and nucleus and relationship with signaling pathways have not been elucidated during carcinogenesis. We first determined the expression of these proteins in the membrane, cytoplasm, and nucleus using ImageJ software and automatically collected the immunohistochemical quantification of dysplasia (actinic keratosis (AK)), carcinoma in situ (CIS; Bowen’s disease (BD)), and invasive cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) for digital image analysis (DIA). The activity of p-ERK, p-AKT, and p-mTOR and their correlation with subcellular Claudin-1 and Claudin-7 were also performed. Finally, we validated Claudin-1 and Claudin-7 delocalization at the cytoplasm and nucleus in cultured human normal keratinocytes and cutaneous SCC cells. Claudin-1 and Claudin-7 were delocalized as revealed by membranous, cytoplasmic, and nuclear staining in sun-exposed skin, AK, BD, and SCC. In BD, both membranous and cytoplasmic Claudin-1 (nuclear Claudin-1 decrease but no significant difference) were higher than AK, while Claudin-7 almost had the opposite situation. In SCC, cytoplasmic and nuclear Claudin-1 (membranous Claudin-1 no significant difference) was lower than in AK and sun-exposed skin, while Claudin-7 had higher membranous and cytoplasmic but lower nuclear expression. Moreover, p-AKT and p-mTOR (but not p-ERK) were downregulated in the SCC. Subcellular Claudin-1 and Claudin-7 were not only correlated with each other, but also correlated with p-ERK in BD and p-AKT and p-mTOR in SCC. Together, these results imply the delocalization of Claudin-1 and Claudin-7 and their correlation with MAPK/ERK and PI3K-AKT-mTOR signaling pathways in tumorigenesis and infiltration in cutaneous SCC.
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A promising antifibrotic drug, pyridoxamine attenuates thioacetamide-induced liver fibrosis by combating oxidative stress, advanced glycation end products, and balancing matrix metalloproteinases. Eur J Pharmacol 2022; 923:174910. [PMID: 35339478 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2022.174910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Liver fibrosis is a common chronic hepatic disease. This study was done to examine the effect of pyridoxamine against thioacetamide-induced hepatic fibrosis. Animals were divided into four groups (1) control group; (2) Thioacetamide group (200 mg/kg, i.p.) twice a week for eight weeks; (3) Pyridoxamine-treated group treated with pyridoxamine (100 mg/kg/day, i.p.) for eight weeks; (4) Thioacetamide and pyridoxamine group, in which pyridoxamine was given (100 mg/kg/day, i.p.) during thioacetamide injections. Thioacetamide treatment resulted in hepatic dysfunction manifested by increased serum levels of bilirubin, gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and aspartate aminotransferase (AST). Oxidative stress was noted by increased hepatic lipid peroxidation and decreased glutathione (GSH). Increased concentrations of total nitrite/nitrate, advanced glycation end products (AGEs), monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), matrix metalloproteinases (MMP-2&9) and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1) were noticed in hepatic tissues. Immunostaining sections also revealed overexpression of MMP-2, MMP-9 and collagen IV. Liver fibrosis was confirmed by severe histopathological changes. Pyridoxamine improved the assessed parameters. Moreover, histopathological and immunohistological studies supported the ability of pyridoxamine to reduce liver fibrosis. The findings of the present study provide evidence that pyridoxamine is a novel target for the treatment of liver fibrosis.
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Shinohara I, Mifune Y, Inui A, Nishimoto H, Yamaura K, Mukohara S, Yoshikawa T, Kato T, Furukawa T, Hoshino Y, Matsushita T, Kuroda R. Advanced glycation end products are associated with limited range of motion of the shoulder joint in patients with rotator cuff tears associated with diabetes mellitus. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2022; 23:271. [PMID: 35317765 PMCID: PMC8939191 DOI: 10.1186/s12891-022-05229-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Most degenerative rotator cuff tears (RCTs) are associated with a limited range of motion (ROM) of the shoulder joint. Additionally, patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) show a higher frequency of limited ROM. Recently, advanced glycation end products (AGEs) of proteins have been observed to cause tissue fibrosis, primarily through abnormal collagen cross-linking and oxidative stress. In this study, we investigated the effect of AGEs on ROM limitation in the shoulder capsule and its relationship with DM in the patients with RCTs. Methods Sixteen patients (eight in the DM and non-DM groups) who underwent arthroscopic surgery for RCT with limited shoulder ROM were included in this study. AGE-related pathologies in both groups were compared, and the relationship between AGE accumulation and shoulder joint ROM was evaluated. Shoulder capsule tissue was harvested and subjected to histological and in vitro evaluation. Results The DM group displayed high levels of AGEs and reactive oxygen species (ROS), and reduced cell viability. There was a significant positive correlation between ROS expression, apoptosis, and preoperative hemoglobin A1c. ROS expression, apoptosis, and ROM of the shoulder joint showed a negative correlation. The NADPH oxidase (NOX) expression and collagen III/I ratio were significantly higher in the DM group than in the non-DM group. Conclusions The DM group showed significant AGEs deposition in the shoulder capsule. Additionally, there was a significant association between AGEs and ROM limitation. Collectively, the findings suggest that the oxidative stress induced by AGEs deposition, which leads to fibrosis and local inflammation, might contribute to the limited ROM of the shoulder joint in patients with RCTs accompanied by DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Issei Shinohara
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 5-2, Kusunoki-cho7, Chuo-ku, Kobe-shi, Hyogo, 650-0017, Japan
| | - Yutaka Mifune
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 5-2, Kusunoki-cho7, Chuo-ku, Kobe-shi, Hyogo, 650-0017, Japan.
| | - Atsuyuki Inui
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 5-2, Kusunoki-cho7, Chuo-ku, Kobe-shi, Hyogo, 650-0017, Japan
| | - Hanako Nishimoto
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 5-2, Kusunoki-cho7, Chuo-ku, Kobe-shi, Hyogo, 650-0017, Japan
| | - Kohei Yamaura
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 5-2, Kusunoki-cho7, Chuo-ku, Kobe-shi, Hyogo, 650-0017, Japan
| | - Shintaro Mukohara
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 5-2, Kusunoki-cho7, Chuo-ku, Kobe-shi, Hyogo, 650-0017, Japan
| | - Tomoya Yoshikawa
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 5-2, Kusunoki-cho7, Chuo-ku, Kobe-shi, Hyogo, 650-0017, Japan
| | - Tatsuo Kato
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 5-2, Kusunoki-cho7, Chuo-ku, Kobe-shi, Hyogo, 650-0017, Japan
| | - Takahiro Furukawa
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 5-2, Kusunoki-cho7, Chuo-ku, Kobe-shi, Hyogo, 650-0017, Japan
| | - Yuichi Hoshino
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 5-2, Kusunoki-cho7, Chuo-ku, Kobe-shi, Hyogo, 650-0017, Japan
| | - Takehiko Matsushita
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 5-2, Kusunoki-cho7, Chuo-ku, Kobe-shi, Hyogo, 650-0017, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Kuroda
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 5-2, Kusunoki-cho7, Chuo-ku, Kobe-shi, Hyogo, 650-0017, Japan
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Lentinan Attenuates Damage of the Small Intestinal Mucosa, Liver, and Lung in Mice with Gut-Origin Sepsis. J Immunol Res 2021; 2021:2052757. [PMID: 34790828 PMCID: PMC8592742 DOI: 10.1155/2021/2052757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Revised: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
This study is aimed at exploring the effects of lentinan on small intestinal mucosa as well as lung and liver injury in mice with gut-origin sepsis. Cecal ligation and perforation (CLP) were used to construct a mouse model of gut-origin sepsis. The mice were randomly divided into six groups: sham operation group (sham), gut-origin sepsis model group (CLP), ulinastatin-positive drug control group (UTI), lentinan low concentration group (LTN-L, 5 mg/kg), lentinan medium concentration group (LTN-M, 10 mg/kg), and lentinan high concentration group (LTN-H, 20 mg/kg). H&E staining was used to detect the pathological damage of the small intestine, liver, and lung. The serum of mice in each group was collected to detect the expression changes of inflammatory cytokines, oxidative stress biomarkers, and liver function indexes. In vitro assessment of bacterial translocation was achieved through inoculated culture media. Western blot and RT-qPCR were used to detect the expression of molecules related to the NF-κB signaling pathway in the small intestine tissues of mice. The results showed that compared with the CLP group, the injury degree of the small intestine, liver, and lung in mice with gut-origin sepsis was improved with the increase of lentinan concentration. In addition, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and HMGB1 were decreased with the increase of lentinan concentration, but the expression of IL-10 was increased. Lentinan could also reduce the expression of oxidative stress injury indexes and liver function indexes and inhibit bacterial translocation to liver and lung tissues. Further mechanism investigation revealed that lentinan downregulated the expression of the NF-κB signaling pathway molecules (NF-κB, TLR4, and Bax) and upregulated the expression of occludin and Bcl-2. In conclusion, lentinan inhibits the activity of the NF-κB signaling pathway, thus attenuating injuries of small intestinal mucosa and liver and lung in mice with gut-origin sepsis and reducing the inflammatory response in the process of sepsis.
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Li L, Wu Y, Zhao C, Miao Y, Cai J, Song L, Wei J, Chakraborty T, Wu L, Wang D, Zhou L. The role of StAR2 gene in testicular differentiation and spermatogenesis in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2021; 214:105974. [PMID: 34425195 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2021.105974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2021] [Revised: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Sex steroids play critical roles in sex differentiation and gonadal development in teleosts. Steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (StAR), transporting cholesterol (the substrate for steroidogenesis) from the outer mitochondrial membrane to the inner membrane, is the first rate-limiting factor of steroidogenesis. Interestingly, two StAR genes (named as StAR1 and StAR2) have been isolated from non-mammalian vertebrates. To characterize the functions of the novel StAR2 gene in the gonadal differentiation and fertility, we generated a StAR2 homozygous mutant line in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). StAR2 gene knockout in male tilapia impeded meiotic initiation, associate with the down-regulation of meiosis related gene expressions of vasa, sycp3 and dazl at 90 days after hatching (dah). Meanwhile, cyp11b2 expression and serum 11-KT production significantly declined in StAR2-/- XY fish at 90 dah. From 120-300 dah, spermatogenesis gradually recovered, and so did the expressions of vasa, sycp3 and dazl in StAR2-/- XY fish testes. However, seminiferous lobules arranged disorderly in StAR2-/- XY fish testes at 300 dah. The number of Leydig cells and expressions of downstream steroidogenesis enzymes including cyp11a1, 3β-HSD-I, 3β-HSD-II, cyp17a1 and cyp17a2 decreased in StAR2-/- XY fish testes at 300 dah. Serum testosterone and 11-KT levels were significantly lower in StAR2-/- XY fish than that of their control counterparts. Furthermore, significantly elevated ar, fsh and lh expressions in StAR2-deficient XY fish testes and pituitaries were found when compared with the control XY fish. Testes degeneration and spermatogenic cell apoptosis were observed, while no sperm were squeezed out in StAR2-/- XY fish testes at 540 dah. Taken together, our results suggest that StAR2 has a role in testicular development, spermatogenesis and spermiation by regulating androgen production in tilapia, but may not be essential and could be compensated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Li
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fish Reproduction and Development (Ministry of Education), Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science of Chongqing, School of Life Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, PR China; Key Laboratory of Bio-resources and Eco-environment, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - You Wu
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fish Reproduction and Development (Ministry of Education), Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science of Chongqing, School of Life Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, PR China
| | - Chenhua Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fish Reproduction and Development (Ministry of Education), Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science of Chongqing, School of Life Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, PR China
| | - Yiyang Miao
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fish Reproduction and Development (Ministry of Education), Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science of Chongqing, School of Life Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, PR China
| | - Jing Cai
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fish Reproduction and Development (Ministry of Education), Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science of Chongqing, School of Life Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, PR China
| | - Lingyun Song
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fish Reproduction and Development (Ministry of Education), Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science of Chongqing, School of Life Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, PR China
| | - Jing Wei
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fish Reproduction and Development (Ministry of Education), Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science of Chongqing, School of Life Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, PR China
| | | | - Limin Wu
- College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan, 453007, China.
| | - Deshou Wang
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fish Reproduction and Development (Ministry of Education), Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science of Chongqing, School of Life Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, PR China.
| | - Linyan Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fish Reproduction and Development (Ministry of Education), Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science of Chongqing, School of Life Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, PR China.
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Albadawi H, Zhang Z, Altun I, Hu J, Jamal L, Ibsen KN, Tanner EEL, Mitragotri S, Oklu R. Percutaneous liquid ablation agent for tumor treatment and drug delivery. Sci Transl Med 2021; 13:13/580/eabe3889. [PMID: 33568519 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.abe3889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Percutaneous locoregional therapies (LRTs), such as thermal ablation, are performed to limit the progression of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and offer a bridge for patients waiting for liver transplantation. However, physiological challenges related to tumor location, size, and existence of multiple lesions as well as safety concerns related to potential thermal injury to adjacent tissues may preclude the use of thermal ablation or lead to its failure. Here, we showed a successful injection of an ionic liquid into tissue under image guidance, ablation of tumors in response to the injected ionic liquid, and persistence (28 days) of coinjected chemotherapy with the ionic liquid in the ablation zone. In a rat HCC model, the rabbit VX2 liver tumor model, and 12 human resected tumors, injection of the ionic liquid led to consistent tumor ablation. Combining the ionic liquid with the chemotherapy agent, doxorubicin, resulted in synergistic cytotoxicity when tested with cultured HCC cells and uniform drug distribution throughout the ablation zone when percutaneously injected into liver tumors in the rabbit liver tumor model. Because this ionic liquid preparation is simple to use, is efficacious, and has a low cost, we propose that this new LRT may bridge more patients to liver transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hassan Albadawi
- Minimally Invasive Therapeutics Laboratory, Department of Vascular and Interventional Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, AZ 85054, USA
| | - Zefu Zhang
- Minimally Invasive Therapeutics Laboratory, Department of Vascular and Interventional Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, AZ 85054, USA
| | - Izzet Altun
- Minimally Invasive Therapeutics Laboratory, Department of Vascular and Interventional Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, AZ 85054, USA
| | - Jingjie Hu
- Minimally Invasive Therapeutics Laboratory, Department of Vascular and Interventional Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, AZ 85054, USA
| | - Leila Jamal
- Minimally Invasive Therapeutics Laboratory, Department of Vascular and Interventional Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, AZ 85054, USA
| | - Kelly N Ibsen
- John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Eden E L Tanner
- John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Samir Mitragotri
- John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA.
| | - Rahmi Oklu
- Minimally Invasive Therapeutics Laboratory, Department of Vascular and Interventional Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, AZ 85054, USA.
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Satir S, Buyukcavus MH, Orhan K. A novel approach to radiographic detection of bucco-palatal/lingual dilacerations: A preliminary study with ImageJ. Proc Inst Mech Eng H 2021; 235:1310-1314. [PMID: 34227428 DOI: 10.1177/09544119211030717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of our study is to determine whether bucco-palatal/lingual (BPL) root dilacerations (RD), especially in single root teeth, can be determined using the ImageJ program through only one periapical radiography. Extracted teeth without any RD (n = 8) were determined as the control group (Group 1) and with RD in apical 1/3 part at least 20° with the longitudinal axis in the BPL direction (n = 8) as the study group (Group 2). With the help of a simple holder system prepared, digital periapical radiographs of all teeth were taken in an anteroposterior position. Histogram analysis of all periapical radiographs was performed using the spectrum feature of ImageJ software. It was aimed to make a dilaceration analysis by comparing the groups using mean, standard deviation, minimum, maximum, and bin width values. As a result of the Mann-Whitney U test, all mean and maximum values showed a statistically significant difference between the study and control groups (p < 0.05). This pilot study revealed that the ImageJ software can be used to diagnose BPL dilaceration in the apical 1/3 part of the root. It is important for dentists and patients that it can contribute to limiting the radiation dose to which patients will be exposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samed Satir
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Alanya Alaaddin Keykubat University, Alanya, Turkey
| | | | - Kaan Orhan
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
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Mouratidis PXE, Costa M, Rivens I, Repasky EE, ter Haar G. Pulsed focused ultrasound can improve the anti-cancer effects of immune checkpoint inhibitors in murine pancreatic cancer. J R Soc Interface 2021; 18:20210266. [PMID: 34229458 PMCID: PMC8261215 DOI: 10.1098/rsif.2021.0266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulsed high-intensity focused ultrasound (pHIFU) uses acoustic pressure to physically disrupt tumours. The aim of this study was to investigate whether pHIFU can be used in combination with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) to enhance survival of tumour-bearing animals. Murine orthotopic pancreatic KPC tumours were exposed both to a grid of pHIFU lesions (peak negative pressure = 17 MPa, frequency = 1.5 MHz, duty cycle = 1%, 1 pulse s-1, duration = 25 s) and to anti-CTLA-4/anti-PD-1 antibodies. Acoustic cavitation was detected using a weakly focused passive sensor. Tumour dimensions were measured with B-mode ultrasound before treatment and with callipers post-mortem. Immune cell subtypes were quantified with immunohistochemistry and flow cytometry. pHIFU treatment of pancreatic tumours resulted in detectable acoustic cavitation and increased infiltration of CD8+ T cells in the tumours of pHIFU and pHIFU + ICI-treated subjects compared with sham-exposed subjects. Survival of subjects treated with pHIFU + ICI was extended relative to both control untreated subjects and those treated with either pHIFU or ICI alone. Subjects treated with pHIFU + ICI had increased levels of CD8+IFNγ+ T cells, increased ratios of CD8+IFNγ+ to CD3+CD4+FoxP3+ and CD11b+Ly6G+ cells, and decreased CD11chigh cells in their tumours compared with controls. These results provide evidence that pHIFU combined with ICI may have potential for use in pancreatic cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petros X. E. Mouratidis
- Joint Department of Physics, Division of Radiotherapy and Imaging, The Institute of Cancer Research—Royal Marsden Hospital, Sutton SM2 5NG, UK
| | - Marcia Costa
- Joint Department of Physics, Division of Radiotherapy and Imaging, The Institute of Cancer Research—Royal Marsden Hospital, Sutton SM2 5NG, UK
| | - Ian Rivens
- Joint Department of Physics, Division of Radiotherapy and Imaging, The Institute of Cancer Research—Royal Marsden Hospital, Sutton SM2 5NG, UK
| | - Elizabeth E. Repasky
- Department of Immunology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA
| | - Gail ter Haar
- Joint Department of Physics, Division of Radiotherapy and Imaging, The Institute of Cancer Research—Royal Marsden Hospital, Sutton SM2 5NG, UK
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Sustained-Release Hydrogel-Based Rhynchophylline Delivery System Improved Injured Tendon Repair. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2021; 205:111876. [PMID: 34087778 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2021.111876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Revised: 04/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
During the injured flexor tendon healing process, tendon tissue is easy to form extremely dense adhesion with the surrounding tissue, which causes the serious influence of hand function recovery. Uncaria is widely used in clinic and its main composition, Rhynchophylline (Rhy), has been reported on its good therapeutic effect, which could effectively inhibit the intra-abdominal adhesion formation. However, the therapeutic effect of Rhy on tendon healing and adhesion formation is still unclear. Due to the short half-life of Rhy, hyaluronic acid (HA) sustained-release system for Rhy delivery was constructed and it could also avoid drug from the undesired loss during the transit. After Rhy delivery system was applied around the injured tendons, adhesion formation, gliding function and healing strength of tendons were evaluated. Our results showed that the gliding excursion and healing strength of repaired tendons were both significantly increased, as well as the adhesion was inhibited. From in vivo experiments, Rhy could be able to increase the expression of Col Ⅰ/Col Ⅲ and helped fibroblasts to ordered organization for tendon tissues. But for adhesion tissues, Rhy promoted the apoptosis and accelerated the degradation of extracellular matrix. In vitro study showed Rhy could help tenocytes stimulated with TGF-β1 to recover to normal cell functions involving cell proliferation and apoptosis level. Through high-throughput sequencing, we found that Rhy was involved in the regulation of Extracellular Matrix (ECM) signaling pathway. We draw a conclusion that Rhy enhanced the tendon healing and prevented adhesion formation through inhibiting the phosphorylation of Smad2. In a word, this sustained release system of Rhy may be a promising strategy for the treatment of injured tendons.
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Gu WT, Zhou F, Xie WQ, Wang S, Yao H, Liu YT, Gao L, Wu ZB. A potential impact of SARS-CoV-2 on pituitary glands and pituitary neuroendocrine tumors. Endocrine 2021; 72:340-348. [PMID: 33786714 PMCID: PMC8009460 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-021-02697-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) is the receptor of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The effects of SARS-CoV-2 on normal pituitary glands function or pituitary neuroendocrine tumors (PitNETs) have not yet been elucidated. Thus, the present study aimed to investigate the potential risks of SARS-CoV-2 infection on the impairment of pituitary glands and the development of PitNETs. METHODS PitNETs tissues were obtained from 114 patients, and normal pituitary gland tissues were obtained from the autopsy. The mRNA levels of ACE2 and angiotensin II receptor type 1 (AGTR1) were examined by quantitative real-time PCR. Immunohistochemical staining was performed for ACE2 in 69 PitNETs and 3 normal pituitary glands. The primary tumor cells and pituitary cell lines (MMQ, GH3 and AtT-20/D16v-F2) were treated with diminazene aceturate (DIZE), an ACE2 agonist, with various dose regimens. The pituitary hormones between 43 patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection were compared with 45 healthy controls. RESULTS Pituitary glands and the majority of PitNET tissues showed low/negative ACE2 expression at both the mRNA and protein levels, while AGTR1 showed high expression in normal pituitary and corticotroph adenomas. ACE2 agonist increased the secretion of ACTH in AtT-20/D16v-F2 cells through downregulating AGTR1. The level of serum adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) was significantly increased in COVID-19 patients compared to normal controls (p < 0.001), but was dramatically decreased in critical cases compared to non-critical patients (p = 0.003). CONCLUSIONS This study revealed a potential impact of SARS-CoV-2 infection on corticotroph cells and adenomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Ting Gu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Center of Pituitary Tumor, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200025, Shanghai, China
| | - Fen Zhou
- Department of Endocrinology & Metabolism, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 430060, Wuhan, China
| | - Wan Qun Xie
- Department of Neurosurgery, Center of Pituitary Tumor, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200025, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuo Wang
- Department of Endocrinology & Metabolism, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 430060, Wuhan, China
| | - Hong Yao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Center of Pituitary Tumor, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200025, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Ting Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Center of Pituitary Tumor, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200025, Shanghai, China
| | - Ling Gao
- Department of Endocrinology & Metabolism, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 430060, Wuhan, China.
| | - Zhe Bao Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Center of Pituitary Tumor, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200025, Shanghai, China.
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Perillyl alcohol reduces parasite sequestration and cerebrovascular dysfunction during experimental cerebral malaria. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2021; 65:AAC.00004-21. [PMID: 33649109 PMCID: PMC8092904 DOI: 10.1128/aac.00004-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cerebral malaria (CM) is a severe immunovasculopathy which presents high mortality rate (15-20%), despite the availability of artemisinin-based therapy. More effective immunomodulatory and/or antiparasitic therapies are urgently needed. Experimental Cerebral Malaria (ECM) in mice is used to elucidate aspects involved in this pathology since manifests many of the neurological features of CM. In the present study, we evaluated the potential mechanisms involved in the protection afforded by perillyl alcohol (POH) in mouse strains susceptible to CM caused by Plasmodium berghei ANKA (PbA) infection through intranasal preventive treatment. Additionally, to evaluate the interaction of POH with the cerebral endothelium using an in vitro model of human brain endothelial cells (HBEC). Pharmacokinetic approaches demonstrated constant and prolonged levels of POH in the plasma and brain after a single intranasal dose. Treatment with POH effectively prevented vascular dysfunction. Furthermore, treatment with POH reduced the endothelial cell permeability and PbA s in the brain and spleen. Finally, POH treatment decreased the accumulation of macrophages and T and B cells in the spleen and downregulated the expression of endothelial adhesion molecules (ICAM-1, VCAM-1, and CD36) in the brain. POH is a potent monoterpene that prevents cerebrovascular dysfunction in vivo and in vitro, decreases parasite sequestration, and modulates different processes related to the activation, permeability, and integrity of the blood brain barrier (BBB), thereby preventing cerebral oedema and inflammatory infiltrates.
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Liu P, Liang SQ, Zheng C, Mintzer E, Zhao YG, Ponnienselvan K, Mir A, Sontheimer EJ, Gao G, Flotte TR, Wolfe SA, Xue W. Improved prime editors enable pathogenic allele correction and cancer modelling in adult mice. Nat Commun 2021; 12:2121. [PMID: 33837189 PMCID: PMC8035190 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-22295-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 146] [Impact Index Per Article: 48.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Prime editors (PEs) mediate genome modification without utilizing double-stranded DNA breaks or exogenous donor DNA as a template. PEs facilitate nucleotide substitutions or local insertions or deletions within the genome based on the template sequence encoded within the prime editing guide RNA (pegRNA). However, the efficacy of prime editing in adult mice has not been established. Here we report an NLS-optimized SpCas9-based prime editor that improves genome editing efficiency in both fluorescent reporter cells and at endogenous loci in cultured cell lines. Using this genome modification system, we could also seed tumor formation through somatic cell editing in the adult mouse. Finally, we successfully utilize dual adeno-associated virus (AAVs) for the delivery of a split-intein prime editor and demonstrate that this system enables the correction of a pathogenic mutation in the mouse liver. Our findings further establish the broad potential of this genome editing technology for the directed installation of sequence modifications in vivo, with important implications for disease modeling and correction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengpeng Liu
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Shun-Qing Liang
- RNA Therapeutics Institute, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Chunwei Zheng
- RNA Therapeutics Institute, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Esther Mintzer
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Yan G Zhao
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Karthikeyan Ponnienselvan
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Aamir Mir
- RNA Therapeutics Institute, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Erik J Sontheimer
- RNA Therapeutics Institute, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
- Li Weibo Institute for Rare Diseases Research, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Guangping Gao
- Horae Gene Therapy Center, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Terence R Flotte
- Horae Gene Therapy Center, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
- Departments of Pediatrics and Microbiology and Physiological Systems, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Scot A Wolfe
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA.
- Li Weibo Institute for Rare Diseases Research, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA.
| | - Wen Xue
- RNA Therapeutics Institute, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA.
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA.
- Li Weibo Institute for Rare Diseases Research, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA.
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Cizkova K, Foltynkova T, Gachechiladze M, Tauber Z. Comparative Analysis of Immunohistochemical Staining Intensity Determined by Light Microscopy, ImageJ and QuPath in Placental Hofbauer Cells. Acta Histochem Cytochem 2021; 54:21-29. [PMID: 33731967 PMCID: PMC7947637 DOI: 10.1267/ahc.20-00032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 01/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Software based analyses of immunohistochemical staining are designed for obtaining quantitative, reproducible, and objective data. However, often times only a certain type of positive cells or structures need to be quantified thus whole image analysis cannot be performed. Such an example is Hofbauer placental cells, which show positivity of some antigens together with trophoblast, but only Hofbauer cells represent the regions of interest (ROIs). Two independent observers evaluated the immunohistochemical staining intensity of Hofbauer cells in placenta samples stained for cytoplasmic antigens by ImageJ, QuPath and light microscopy. Thus, the precise manual determination of ROIs, i.e. Hofbauer cells, was necessary. We detected low inter-observer variability in staining intensity. Almost perfect agreement between observers was reached for ImageJ and QuPath whilst substantial agreement was reached for light microscopy evaluation. As for the comparison of ImageJ, QuPath and light microscopy, the agreement of all three methods (identical immunohistochemical intensity) was achieved for 38.1% samples. The almost perfect agreement of staining intensities was reached between ImageJ and QuPath, and moderate agreement for comparison of the light microscopy to both software. Software analyses are much more time-consuming, thus their utilization is at least questionable to evaluate ROIs with selection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katerina Cizkova
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University
| | - Tereza Foltynkova
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University
| | - Mariam Gachechiladze
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Pathology & Laboratory of Molecular Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University
| | - Zdenek Tauber
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University
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Khan A, Khan A, Khalid S, Shal B, Kang E, Lee H, Laumet G, Seo EK, Khan S. 7β-(3-Ethyl- cis-crotonoyloxy)-1α-(2-methylbutyryloxy)-3,14-dehydro- Z Notonipetranone Attenuates Neuropathic Pain by Suppressing Oxidative Stress, Inflammatory and Pro-Apoptotic Protein Expressions. Molecules 2021; 26:E181. [PMID: 33401491 PMCID: PMC7795484 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26010181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2020] [Revised: 12/19/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
7β-(3-Ethyl-cis-crotonoyloxy)-1α-(2-methylbutyryloxy)-3,14-dehydro-Z-notonipetranone (ECN), a sesquiterpenoid obtained from a natural source has proved to be effective in minimizing various side effects associated with opioids and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. The current study focused on investigating the effects of ECN on neuropathic pain induced by partial sciatic nerve ligation (PSNL) by mainly focusing on oxidative stress, inflammatory and apoptotic proteins expression in mice. ECN (1 and 10 mg/kg, i.p.), was administered once daily for 11 days, starting from the third day after surgery. ECN post-treatment was found to reduce hyperalgesia and allodynia in a dose-dependent manner. ECN remarkably reversed the histopathological abnormalities associated with oxidative stress, apoptosis and inflammation. Furthermore, ECN prevented the suppression of antioxidants (glutathione, glutathione-S-transferase, catalase, superoxide dismutase, NF-E2-related factor-2 (Nrf2), hemeoxygenase-1 and NAD(P)H: quinone oxidoreductase) by PSNL. Moreover, pro-inflammatory cytokines (tumor necrotic factor-alpha, interleukin 1 beta, interleukin 6, cyclooxygenase-2 and inducible nitric oxide synthase) expression was reduced by ECN administration. Treatment with ECN was successful in reducing the caspase-3 level consistent with the observed modulation of pro-apoptotic proteins. Additionally, ECN showed a protective effect on the lipid content of myelin sheath as evident from FTIR spectroscopy which showed the shift of lipid component bands to higher values. Thus, the anti-neuropathic potential of ECN might be due to the inhibition of oxidative stress, inflammatory mediators and pro-apoptotic proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amna Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan; (A.K.); (A.K.); (S.K.); (B.S.)
| | - Adnan Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan; (A.K.); (A.K.); (S.K.); (B.S.)
| | - Sidra Khalid
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan; (A.K.); (A.K.); (S.K.); (B.S.)
| | - Bushra Shal
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan; (A.K.); (A.K.); (S.K.); (B.S.)
| | - Eunwoo Kang
- College of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea; (E.K.); (H.L.)
| | - Hwaryeong Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea; (E.K.); (H.L.)
| | - Geoffroy Laumet
- Department of Physiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA;
| | - Eun Kyoung Seo
- College of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea; (E.K.); (H.L.)
| | - Salman Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan; (A.K.); (A.K.); (S.K.); (B.S.)
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Akang E, Dosumu O, Afolayan S, Agumah R, Akanmu AS. Modeling cerebellar limb dysmetria and impaired spatial memory in rats using lamivudine: A preliminary study. J Chem Neuroanat 2020; 109:101838. [PMID: 32569723 PMCID: PMC11065771 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchemneu.2020.101838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Revised: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Neurodegeneration has been associated with the use of combination antiretroviral therapy (cART). This study is aimed at determining if any constituent of cART can induce cerebellar limb dysmetria and spatial memory impairments. MATERIALS AND METHODS Forty adult male Wistar rats were randomly grouped into four (n = 10): control (distilled water 0.5 mL); Tenofovir (6 mg/kg); Lamivudine (6 mg/kg) and Efavirenz (12 mg/kg). The following neurobehavioral studies were conducted: open field, beam walk, and Morris water maze. Immunohistochemistry of CD 68 and GFAP were used to test for neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration. RESULTS There was marked increase in pyknotic pyramidal cells of the hippocampus and ghost Purkinje cells in the cerebellum of treatment groups. There was also a significant increase in oxidative stress in lamivudine and efavirenz groups. In addition, Lamivudine caused a significant increase of microglial and astrocytic activity (p < 0.001, 0.05 respectively) compared to control. The open field test showed a significant decrease (p < 0.0001) of the line crossing performance in the efavirenz, lamivudine and tenofovir (with means: 26.4, 4.6, 17.4 respectively) compared to control (50.6). There was also a significant decrease in the grooming (p < 0.05) and rearing (p < 0.01) in lamivudine group. Whereas, walk latency increased in efavirenz (p < 0.01), and lamivudine (p < 0.0001) compared to control. While hind limb slips significantly increased in efavirenz (p < 0.05) and lamivudine (p < 0.0001) compared with control group. Likewise, Lamivudine and Tenofovir exposed groups experienced a significant delay in the time to identify the hidden platform in compared to control (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION Lamivudine altered efferent stimuli along the cerebellospinal tracts thereby causing motor impairments. The degenerating Purkinje fibers may have induced marked neurodegeneration in the hippocampus resulting in impaired spatial memory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edidiong Akang
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, P.M.B. 12003, Idi-Araba, Lagos, Nigeria.
| | - Olufunke Dosumu
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, P.M.B. 12003, Idi-Araba, Lagos, Nigeria.
| | - Samuel Afolayan
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, P.M.B. 12003, Idi-Araba, Lagos, Nigeria.
| | - Rhoda Agumah
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, P.M.B. 12003, Idi-Araba, Lagos, Nigeria.
| | - Alani Sulaimon Akanmu
- Department of Haematology and Blood Transfusion, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Idi-Araba, Lagos, Nigeria.
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Abstract
Background: Early diagnosis in pancreatic cancer is key for improving prognosis. Hypoxia plays a critical role in tumor progression. Thus, an evaluation of associations between pancreatic tumor progression and markers of hypoxia is needed. Methods: We assessed the expression of hypoxia-inducible factors (HIF-1α and HIF-2α) by immuno-histochemical staining from 29 subjects with the following: pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PanIN), intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm (IPMN), neuroendocrine tumor (NET), and pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) and compared it to the expression in non-tumor samples. Results: Expression of HIF-1α increased significantly from PanIN (3.01 ± 0.17) to IPMN (7.63 ± 0.18), NET (9.10 ± 0.23) and PDAC samples (11.06 ± 0.15, p < 0.0001). Similar findings were observed for HIF-2α (p < 0.0001)}. A strong correlation between HIF-1α and HIF-2α expression was demonstrated (R2 = 0.8408, p < 0.0001). Conclusions: This data suggest that HIF-1α and HIF-2α may play a role in the progression from PanIN through PDAC. Further studies are necessary to confirm these findings and determine the effect of HIFs abrogation on tumor progression that can lead to novel therapies.
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FATS regulates polyamine biosynthesis by promoting ODC degradation in an ERβ-dependent manner in non-small-cell lung cancer. Cell Death Dis 2020; 11:839. [PMID: 33037185 PMCID: PMC7547721 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-020-03052-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2020] [Revised: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Polyamine biosynthesis is an essential metabolic pathway for cell growth and differentiation in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Fragile-site associated tumour suppressor (FATS) is a novel gene involved in cancer. The results of our previous study showed that FATS-mediated polyubiquitination of p53 promotes the activation of p53 in response to DNA damage; however, little is known about the role of FATS in metabolic reprogramming in NSCLC. In the present study, FATS was observed to be significantly downregulated in NSCLC tissues compared with paired adjacent normal tissues and was associated with the survival of NSCLC patients. We further showed that the presence of the tumour suppressor FATS in NSCLC cells led to apoptosis by inducing pro-death autophagy. In addition, FATS was shown to function as a suppressor of polyamine biosynthesis by inhibiting ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) at the protein and mRNA levels, which was partially dependent on oestrogen receptor (ER). Furthermore, FATS was observed to bind to ERβ and translocate to the cytosol, leading to ODC degradation. The findings of our study demonstrate that FATS plays important roles in polyamine metabolism in NSCLC and provides a new perspective for NSCLC progression.
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Matrine alleviates neurobehavioral alterations via modulation of JNK-mediated caspase-3 and BDNF/VEGF signaling in a mouse model of burn injury. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2020; 237:2327-2343. [PMID: 32399631 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-020-05537-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE The c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) pathway and neurotrophic factor dysregulation play a critical role in the pathogenesis of neurobehavioral disorders (anxiety and depression). Targeting the JNK pathway and BDNF/VEGF signaling may signify a new avenue for the treatment of neurobehavioral disorders. OBJECTIVES The present study investigated the effect of matrine (Mat) against anxiety- and depressive-like emotional status in an acute mouse model of burn injury and explores its underlying mechanism. METHODS In the mouse model of thermal injury, anxiety- and depression-related behaviors were evaluated using the elevated plus-maze test, the light-dark box test, the open-field test, the forced swimming test, and the tail suspension test. The JNK/caspase-3 and BDNF/VEGF proteins were determined by immunohistochemistry. Additionally, proinflammatory cytokine, antioxidant, nitric oxide, and corticosterone levels were also measured. RESULTS The results showed that treatment with Mat significantly improves anxiety- and depressive-like behaviors. It remarkably reduced the levels of proinflammatory cytokines, malondialdehyde, and nitric oxide in the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex of a mouse brain. It considerably improved burn-induced alteration in the antioxidant status, corticosterone, and BDNF/VEGF. It also inhibited burn-induced apoptotic signaling by downregulating the expression of JNK/caspase-3. Similarly, it prevented DNA damage and histopathological changes in the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus. Furthermore, molecular docking results showed that Mat possess better binding affinity for JNK/caspase-3 and BDNF/VEGF proteins. CONCLUSIONS These findings provide convincing evidence that Mat improves anxiety- and depressive-like emotional status through modulation of JNK-mediated inflammatory, oxidative stress, apoptotic, and BDNF/VEGF signaling in an acute mouse model of burn injury.
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da Silva TP, Bittencourt TL, de Oliveira AL, Prata RBDS, Menezes V, Ferreira H, Nery JADC, de Oliveira EB, Sperandio da Silva GM, Sarno EN, Pinheiro RO. Macrophage Polarization in Leprosy-HIV Co-infected Patients. Front Immunol 2020; 11:1493. [PMID: 32849508 PMCID: PMC7403476 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.01493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2019] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
In HIV-infected individuals, a paradoxical clinical deterioration may occur in preexisting leprosy when highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART)-associated reversal reaction (RR) develops. Leprosy–HIV co-infected patients during HAART may present a more severe form of the disease (RR/HIV), but the immune mechanisms related to the pathogenesis of leprosy–HIV co-infection remain unknown. Although the adaptive immune responses have been extensively studied in leprosy–HIV co-infected individuals, recent studies have described that innate immune cells may drive the overall immune responses to mycobacterial antigens. Monocytes are critical to the innate immune system and play an important role in several inflammatory conditions associated with chronic infections. In leprosy, different tissue macrophage phenotypes have been associated with the different clinical forms of the disease, but it is not clear how HIV infection modulates the phenotype of innate immune cells (monocytes or macrophages) during leprosy. In the present study, we investigated the phenotype of monocytes and macrophages in leprosy–HIV co-infected individuals, with or without RR. We did not observe differences between the monocyte profiles in the studied groups; however, analysis of gene expression within the skin lesion cells revealed that the RR/HIV group presents a higher expression of macrophage scavenger receptor 1 (MRS1), CD209 molecule (CD209), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), arginase 2 (ARG2), and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARG) when compared with the RR group. Our data suggest that different phenotypes of tissue macrophages found in the skin from RR and RR/HIV patients could differentially contribute to the progression of leprosy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Vinicius Menezes
- Leprosy Laboratory, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Helen Ferreira
- Leprosy Laboratory, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | | | - Gilberto Marcelo Sperandio da Silva
- Chagas Disease Clinic Research Laboratory, Evandro Chagas National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Euzenir Nunes Sarno
- Leprosy Laboratory, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Roberta Olmo Pinheiro
- Leprosy Laboratory, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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NUDT7 Loss Promotes KrasG12D CRC Development. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12030576. [PMID: 32131398 PMCID: PMC7139971 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12030576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Revised: 01/02/2020] [Accepted: 02/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Studies have suggested that dysregulation of peroxisomal lipid metabolism might play an important role in colorectal cancer (CRC) development. Here, we found that KrasG12D-driven CRC tumors demonstrate dysfunctional peroxisomal β-oxidation and identified Nudt7 (peroxisomal coenzyme A diphosphatase NUDT7) as one of responsible peroxisomal genes. In KrasG12D-driven CRC tumors, the expression level of Nudt7 was significantly decreased. Treatment of azoxymethane/dextran sulfate sodium (AOM/DSS) into Nudt7 knockout (Nudt7−/−) mice significantly induced lipid accumulation and the expression levels of CRC-related genes whereas xenografting of Nudt7-overexpressed LS-174T cells into mice significantly reduced lipid accumulation and the expression levels of CRC-related genes. Ingenuity pathway analysis of microarray using the colon of Nudt7−/− and Nudt7+/+ mice treated with AOM/DSS suggested Wnt signaling as one of activated signaling pathways in Nudt7−/− colons. Upregulated levels of β-catenin were observed in the colons of KrasG12D and AOM/DSS-treated Nudt7−/− mice and downstream targets of β-catenin such as Myc, Ccdn1, and Nos2, were also significantly increased in the colon of Nudt7−/− mice. We observed an increased level of palmitic acid in the colon of Nudt7−/− mice and attachment of palmitic acid-conjugated chitosan patch into the colon of mice induced the expression levels of β-catenin and CRC-related genes. Overall, our data reveal a novel role for peroxisomal NUDT7 in KrasG12D-driven CRC development.
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Large-scale generation of functional mRNA-encapsulating exosomes via cellular nanoporation. Nat Biomed Eng 2019; 4:69-83. [PMID: 31844155 PMCID: PMC7080209 DOI: 10.1038/s41551-019-0485-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 406] [Impact Index Per Article: 81.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2018] [Accepted: 11/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Exosomes are attractive as nucleic-acid carriers because of their favourable pharmacokinetic and immunological properties and their ability to penetrate physiological barriers that are impermeable to synthetic drug-delivery vehicles. However, inserting exogenous nucleic acids, especially large messenger RNAs, into cell-secreted exosomes leads to low yields. Here we report a cellular-nanoporation method for the production of large quantities of exosomes containing therapeutic mRNAs and targeting peptides. We transfected various source cells with plasmid DNAs and stimulated the cells with a focal and transient electrical stimulus that promotes the release of exosomes carrying transcribed mRNAs and targeting peptides. Compared with bulk electroporation and other exosome-production strategies, cellular nanoporation produced up to 50-fold more exosomes and a more than 103-fold increase in exosomal mRNA transcripts, even from cells with low basal levels of exosome secretion. In orthotopic phosphatase and tensin homologue (PTEN)-deficient glioma mouse models, mRNA-containing exosomes restored tumour-suppressor function, enhanced inhibition of tumour growth and increased survival. Cellular nanoporation may enable the use of exosomes as a universal nucleic-acid carrier for applications requiring transcriptional manipulation.
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Soliman E, Behairy SF, El-maraghy NN, Elshazly SM. PPAR-γ agonist, pioglitazone, reduced oxidative and endoplasmic reticulum stress associated with L-NAME-induced hypertension in rats. Life Sci 2019; 239:117047. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2019.117047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2019] [Revised: 10/30/2019] [Accepted: 11/02/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Fujii Y, Inoue H, Arai Y, Shimomura S, Nakagawa S, Kishida T, Tsuchida S, Kamada Y, Kaihara K, Shirai T, Terauchi R, Toyama S, Ikoma K, Mazda O, Mikami Y. Treadmill Running in Established Phase Arthritis Inhibits Joint Destruction in Rat Rheumatoid Arthritis Models. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20205100. [PMID: 31618828 PMCID: PMC6834114 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20205100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2019] [Revised: 10/10/2019] [Accepted: 10/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Exercise therapy inhibits joint destruction by suppressing pro-inflammatory cytokines. The efficacy of pharmacotherapy for rheumatoid arthritis differs depending on the phase of the disease, but that of exercise therapy for each phase is unknown. We assessed the differences in the efficacy of treadmill running on rheumatoid arthritis at various phases, using rat rheumatoid arthritis models. Rats with collagen-induced arthritis were used as rheumatoid arthritis models, and the phase after immunization was divided as pre-arthritis and established phases. Histologically, the groups with forced treadmill running in the established phase had significantly inhibited joint destruction compared with the other groups. The group with forced treadmill running in only the established phase had significantly better bone morphometry and reduced expression of connexin 43 and tumor necrosis factor α in the synovial membranes compared with the no treadmill group. Furthermore, few cells were positive for cathepsin K immunostaining in the groups with forced treadmill running in the established phase. Our results suggest that the efficacy of exercise therapy may differ depending on rheumatoid arthritis disease activity. Active exercise during phases of decreased disease activity may effectively inhibit arthritis and joint destruction.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Arthritis, Experimental
- Arthritis, Rheumatoid/diagnostic imaging
- Arthritis, Rheumatoid/etiology
- Arthritis, Rheumatoid/metabolism
- Arthritis, Rheumatoid/pathology
- Biomarkers
- Body Weight
- Bone Resorption/diagnostic imaging
- Bone Resorption/metabolism
- Cartilage, Articular/diagnostic imaging
- Cartilage, Articular/metabolism
- Cartilage, Articular/pathology
- Connexin 43/metabolism
- Cytokines/metabolism
- Disease Models, Animal
- Inflammation Mediators/metabolism
- Physical Conditioning, Animal
- Rats
- Synovial Membrane/metabolism
- Synovial Membrane/pathology
- Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuta Fujii
- Department of Orthopaedics, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kawaramachi-Hirokoji, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan.
| | - Hiroaki Inoue
- Department of Orthopaedics, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kawaramachi-Hirokoji, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan.
| | - Yuji Arai
- Department of Sports and Para-Sports Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kawaramachi-Hirokoji, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan.
| | - Seiji Shimomura
- Department of Orthopaedics, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kawaramachi-Hirokoji, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan.
| | - Shuji Nakagawa
- Department of Sports and Para-Sports Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kawaramachi-Hirokoji, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan.
| | - Tsunao Kishida
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kawaramachi-Hirokoji, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan.
| | - Shinji Tsuchida
- Department of Orthopaedics, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kawaramachi-Hirokoji, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan.
| | - Yoichiro Kamada
- Department of Orthopaedics, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kawaramachi-Hirokoji, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan.
| | - Kenta Kaihara
- Department of Orthopaedics, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kawaramachi-Hirokoji, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan.
| | - Toshiharu Shirai
- Department of Orthopaedics, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kawaramachi-Hirokoji, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan.
| | - Ryu Terauchi
- Department of Orthopaedics, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kawaramachi-Hirokoji, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan.
| | - Shogo Toyama
- Department of Orthopaedics, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kawaramachi-Hirokoji, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan.
| | - Kazuya Ikoma
- Department of Orthopaedics, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kawaramachi-Hirokoji, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan.
| | - Osam Mazda
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kawaramachi-Hirokoji, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan.
| | - Yasuo Mikami
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kawaramachi-Hirokoji, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan.
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Tian S, Lei P, Teng C, Sun Y, Song X, Li B, Shan Y. Targeting PLIN2/PLIN5-PPARγ: Sulforaphane Disturbs the Maturation of Lipid Droplets. Mol Nutr Food Res 2019; 63:e1900183. [PMID: 31325205 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201900183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2019] [Revised: 07/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
SCOPE The effects of sulforaphane (SFN) on the maturation of lipid droplets (LDs)-the storage units for free fatty acids and sterols as triacylglycerides (TAG) and cholesterol esters (CE)-are far from being understood, despite the fact that SFN is known to be beneficial for ameliorating lipid metabolism disorders. METHODS AND RESULTS High-fat-intake models are established in both HHL-5 hepatocytes and rodents. The numbers and sizes of LDs are decreased by SFN. The accumulation of lipid core components (TAG & CE) is reduced and the expression of their key synthetases, acyl-coenzyme A: diacylglycerol acyltransferases 2 (DGAT2) and acyl-coenzyme A: cholesterol acyltransferases 1 (ACAT1), is also inhibited. Moreover, SFN decreases LD-associated protein PLIN2 and PLIN5 expression, but not that of PLIN1 and PLIN3, both in vivo and in vitro. Furthermore, over-expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) induces the accumulation of TAG and the up-regulation of PLIN2 and PLIN5, which are not reversed by SFN. These results suggest that PPARγ may be a target of SFN in lipid metabolism. CONCLUSION SFN disturbs LD maturation by inhibiting the formation of the neutral lipid core and decreases PLIN2 and PLIN5 via down-regulation of PPARγ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sicong Tian
- School of Public Health and Management, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Peng Lei
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Chunying Teng
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Yao Sun
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Xinyue Song
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Baolong Li
- Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Yujuan Shan
- School of Public Health and Management, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
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Liu J, Ye M, Han R, Gui Y, Li X, Zhang H, Wang X, Guo H, Li F, Zhao AZ, Guan K, Chen H. Expression of cellular apoptosis susceptibility (CAS) in the human testis and testicular germ cell tumors. Med Oncol 2019; 36:61. [PMID: 31140031 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-019-1281-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2018] [Accepted: 05/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Testicular germ cell tumors are the most frequent malignancies found in men between 15 and 44 years old. Although cellular apoptosis susceptibility (CAS) was demonstrated to be upregulated in breast cancer and colon cancer, the expression of CAS in the human testis and testicular germ cell tumors remained elusive. In the present study, CAS-positive signals were detected in the normal testicular tissues, cancer adjacent normal testicular tissues, seminoma, yolk sac tumor, and teratoma. Interestingly, the expression level of CAS in testicular germ cell tumors (TGCTs) (but not seminoma) was significantly lower than that of human testicular tissues and cancer adjacent normal testicular tissues, suggesting that decreased CAS contributed to the progression of TGCTs. Notably, the expression of CAS in seminoma was significantly higher than that of in the non-seminomas, consistent with the results from TCGA database. Furthermore, the localization of CAS is mainly restricted in the nucleus in the lesions of normal human testicular tissue and cancer adjacent normal testicular tissue. Although the expression of CAS was not significantly different between normal testicular tissue and seminoma, CAS was more enriched in cytoplasm in seminoma compared to the normal, cancer adjacent tissue and other types of TGCTs. The current results demonstrated reduced expression of CAS in the human testicular germ cell tumors and the CAS translocation from the nuclear to cytoplasm in seminoma, thereby supporting a possible role in normal testis function and in the development of seminoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianni Liu
- School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guandong Province, People's Republic of China.,Second Hospital of ShanXi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Mei Ye
- School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruigang Han
- Reproductive Medicine Center of The 306th Hospital of PLA, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yaoting Gui
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, 518035, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaofeng Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, 518035, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Han Zhang
- Second Hospital of ShanXi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Wang
- Second Hospital of ShanXi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Haoran Guo
- Second Hospital of ShanXi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Fanghong Li
- School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Allan Zijian Zhao
- School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Kunping Guan
- Second Hospital of ShanXi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, People's Republic of China.
| | - Hao Chen
- School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guandong Province, People's Republic of China.
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Akang EN, Dosumu OO, Afolayan OO, Fagoroye AM, Osiagwu DD, Usman IT, Oremosu AA, Akanmu AS. Combination antiretroviral therapy (cART)-induced hippocampal disorders: Highlights on therapeutic potential of Naringenin and Quercetin. IBRO Rep 2019; 6:137-146. [PMID: 31061913 PMCID: PMC6488719 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibror.2019.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2018] [Accepted: 04/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Naringenin and Quercetin decrease ROS and potentiate enzymatic antioxidant production in the hippocampus. cART induced marked cytoplasmic shrinkage and several pyknotic nuclei in the dentate gyrus and cornus ammonis region. Naringenin and Quercetin attenuates cART-induced upregulation of monoamine oxidase-B expression in neurons. Naringenin and Quercetin also ameliorates cART-induced spatial memory impairments. Naringenin and Quercetin acted as effective antioxidants in vivo against cART-induced neurotoxicity.
Introduction In spite of the multiple benefits of combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) on HIV positive patients, prolonged usage has been reported to exacerbate oxidative stress, and induce neurological and cognitive dysfunction, thus, the need to search for an adjuvant therapy to ameliorate the oxidative and improve treatment adherence with better virological outcome. This study aimed at determining the potential therapeutic effects of Quercetin and Naringenin on cART-induced cyto-architectural, neuro-behavioral and immunohistochemical changes in the hippocampus of the adult Wister rats. Materials and Methods The animals were grouped as follows: Control, DMSO, 24 mg/kg cART (Tenovovir 300 mg, Lamivudine 300 mg and Efavirenz 600 mg), 50 mg/kg Naringenin, 50 mg/kg Quercetin, cART + Naringenin, cART + Quercetin were administered orally for 8 weeks. At the end of administration, neurobehavioural test was conducted, animals were euthanized and hippocampus was processed for oxidative stress markers, histology, TNF-α, and Monoamine oxidase-B expression. Results At the end of 8 weeks of administration, 24 mg/kg cART decreased superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), reduced glutathione (GSH) and increased Malondialdehyde (MDA). Whereas, 50 mg/kg quercetin, and 50 mg/kg Naringenin decreased the oxidative stress (increased SOD, CAT, GSH, and reduced MDA) induced by cART (reduced SOD, CAT, GSH, and increased MDA). In addition, hematoxylin and eosin stained hippocampus showed that quercetin and naringenin prevented neurodegenerative changes (marked cytoplasmic shrinkage and several pyknotic nuclei in the dentate gyrus and cornus ammonis regions) in cART-treated rats. Furthermore, immunohistochemical studies revealed that quercetin and naringenin attenuates cART-induced upregulation of monoamine oxidase-B (MAO-B) expression. Likewise, from the Morris water maze neurobehavioral studies, naringenin and quercetin also ameliorated cART-induced memory impairments (initial spatial memory, reversal spatial memory and probe tests). Conclusion This study shows that Naringenin and Quercetin have a good potential in reversing cART-induced hippocampal disorders in Wistar rats.
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Key Words
- CA/Q, 24 mg/kg combination antiretroviral therapy + 50 mg Quercetin
- CAT, catalase
- DMSO, dimethyl sulfoxide
- DTA, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid
- ELISA, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay
- GSH, reduced glutathione
- HCL, hydrochloric acidE
- Hippocampus
- MAO-B, monoamine oxidase B
- MDA, malondialdehyde
- Nar, naringenin
- Naringenin
- Neurodegeneration
- Oxidative stress
- Quer, quercetin
- Quercetin
- ROS, reactive oxygen species
- SOD, superoxide dismutase
- TBA, thiobarbituric acid
- TNFα, tumor necrosis factor alpha
- cA/N, 24 mg/kg combination antiretroviral therapy + 50 mg Naringenin
- cART
- cART, combination antiretroviral therapy
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Affiliation(s)
- Edidiong N. Akang
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Idi-Araba, Lagos, Nigeria
- Corresponding author.
| | - Olufunke O. Dosumu
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Idi-Araba, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Olasunmbo O. Afolayan
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Idi-Araba, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Adeola M. Fagoroye
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Idi-Araba, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Daniel D. Osiagwu
- Department of Anatomic and Molecular Pathology, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Idi-Araba, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Isilamiyat T. Usman
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Idi-Araba, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Ademola A. Oremosu
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Idi-Araba, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Alani S. Akanmu
- Department of Haematology and Blood Transfusion, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Idi-Araba, Lagos, Nigeria
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Fang X, Wu L, Yang L, Song L, Cai J, Luo F, Wei J, Zhou L, Wang D. Nuclear progestin receptor (Pgr) knockouts resulted in subfertility in male tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2018; 182:62-71. [PMID: 29705270 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2018.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2017] [Revised: 03/30/2018] [Accepted: 04/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
It was documented that 17α, 20β-dihydroxy-4-pregnen-3-one (DHP), a fish specific progestin, might play critical roles in spermatogenesis, sperm maturation and spermiation partially through activating nuclear receptor (Pgr). However, no direct evidence is available to demonstrate the functions of DHP in fish spermatogenesis. To further elucidate the roles of DHP in teleosts, we generated a pgr homozygous mutant line in XY Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Pgr gene mutation resulted in the development of a smaller, thinner testis and a lower GSI compared with normal testis. Pgr gene knockout led to irregular arrangement of spermatogenic cysts, decline of sperm count and sperm motility. Significant decrease of spermatocytes and spermatozoa was observed, which was further proved by the PCNA and Ph3 staining. Real-time PCR analysis demonstrated that mutation of pgr gene resulted in a significant up-regulation of steroidogenesis-related genes of cyp17a, cyp11b2, StAR, scc, 20β-HSD, and sf1, and down-regulation of fshb, fshr, oct4, sycp3, cdk1, prm, cyclinB1, cyclinB2 and cdc25 genes. Furthermore, both Immunohistochemistry and Western blotting experiments revealed a remarkable increase of Cyp17a1, Cyp17a2 and Cyp11b2 expressions in the pgr-/- testis. EIA measurement showed that an evident increase of 11-KT level was found in the pgr-/- XY fish. There was a significant increase in the mortality of offspring when crossing pgr-/- XY fish with wild type XX fish. Increased TUNEL staining and enhanced apoptosis maker gene (bax) expressions were also observed. Taken together, our data suggested that DHP-activated physiology via pgr is crucial for the fertility in the XY tilapia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuelian Fang
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fish Reproduction and Development (Ministry of Education), Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science of Chongqing, School of Life Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, PR China
| | - Limin Wu
- College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, HeNan, 453007, PR China
| | - Lanying Yang
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fish Reproduction and Development (Ministry of Education), Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science of Chongqing, School of Life Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, PR China
| | - Lingyun Song
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fish Reproduction and Development (Ministry of Education), Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science of Chongqing, School of Life Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, PR China
| | - Jing Cai
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fish Reproduction and Development (Ministry of Education), Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science of Chongqing, School of Life Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, PR China
| | - Feng Luo
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fish Reproduction and Development (Ministry of Education), Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science of Chongqing, School of Life Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, PR China
| | - Jing Wei
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fish Reproduction and Development (Ministry of Education), Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science of Chongqing, School of Life Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, PR China
| | - Linyan Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fish Reproduction and Development (Ministry of Education), Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science of Chongqing, School of Life Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, PR China.
| | - Deshou Wang
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fish Reproduction and Development (Ministry of Education), Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science of Chongqing, School of Life Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, PR China.
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Chen C, Zhang J, Ling J, Du Y, Hou Y. Nkd2 promotes the differentiation of dental follicle stem/progenitor cells into osteoblasts. Int J Mol Med 2018; 42:2403-2414. [PMID: 30106129 PMCID: PMC6192769 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2018.3822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2018] [Accepted: 08/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Dental follicle stem/progenitor cells have the potential to undergo osteogenesis. naked cuticle homolog 2 (Nkd2) is a signal-inducible feedback antagonist of the canonical Wnt signaling pathway. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the function of Nkd2 in the differentiation of dental follicle stem/progenitor cells (DFSCs) into osteoblasts. Immunohistochemistry, reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blotting were employed to detect Nkd2 expression in rat DFSCs. In addition, rat DFSCs (rDFSCs) were transfected with small interfering RNAs to examine the effect of Nkd2 on the differentiation of these cells into osteoblasts. Furthermore, the function of Nkd2 in the Wnt/β-catenin pathway in rDFSCs was investigated using β-catenin/T-cell factor luciferase activity assays and western blotting. It was revealed that the expression of Nkd2 was upregulated during the differentiation of rDFSCs into osteoblasts. Furthermore, osteoblast differentiation ability and Wnt/β-catenin pathway activity were significantly decreased in Nkd2-silenced rDFSCs compared with the si-NC group (P<0.05 and P<0.001, respectively). The results suggest that Nkd2 promotes the differentiation of rDFSCs into osteoblasts through Wnt/β-catenin signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chanchan Chen
- Department of Stomatology, Shenzhen Children's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518038, P.R. China
| | - Jianying Zhang
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Xiangya School of Stomatology, Xiangya Stomatological Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hu'nan 410083, P.R. China
| | - Junqi Ling
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Research Institute of Stomatology, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat‑sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510055, P.R. China
| | - Yu Du
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Research Institute of Stomatology, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat‑sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510055, P.R. China
| | - Yuluan Hou
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Research Institute of Stomatology, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat‑sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510055, P.R. China
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Zhang L, Li J, Lv X, Guo T, Li W, Zhang J. MID1-PP2A complex functions as new insights in human lung adenocarcinoma. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2018; 144:855-864. [PMID: 29450633 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-018-2601-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2017] [Accepted: 02/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE MID1 is an E3 ubiquitin ligase that was first found in Opitz G/BBB syndrome, but there has been little research into its role in lung diseases. We have found an accumulating evidence that indicates the MID1-PP2A complex plays a role in asthma and contributes to inflammation, but its roles in lung adenocarcinoma are unclear. This study aimed at evaluating the function of MID1-PP2A complex in human lung adenocarcinoma. METHODS We used western blot, ELISA and real-time quantitative PCR to detect the protein and mRNA levels of MID1 and PP2A in A549, H1975, and H1650 lung adenocarcinoma cell lines compared with the human bronchial epithelial cell line BEAS-2B. Additionally, we used IHC, ELISA and real-time quantitative PCR to dectect MID1 and PP2A levels in 30-paired lung adenocarcinoma tissues. We also detected apoptosis, proliferation and cell cycle-related protein expression after silencing MID1 and activing PP2A. RESULTS Our data show that MID1 was significantly upregulated in 30-paired lung adenocarcinoma tissues, and in A549, H1975 and H1650 cell lines compared with BEAS-2B. PP2A showed the opposite results. Furthermore, both upregulated MID1 and downregulated PP2A were correlated with age, but not sex, TNM stage or smoking history. In vitro experiments showed that PP2A was upregulated in lung adenocarcinoma cell lines that were transfected with MID1-siRNA, suggesting MID1 negatively regulates PP2A in lung adenocarcinoma. We also found that silencing MID1 expression or activating PP2A induced apoptosis, proliferation and cell cycle arrest. CONCLUSIONS We demonstrated that the MID1-PP2A complex plays an important role in lung adenocarcinoma, influencing cell cycle progression, proliferation and apoptosis. Our findings showed a novel molecular mechanism of lung tumorigenesis that may provide new insights for anti-tumor therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Zhang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jilin University, 218 Ziqiang Street, Nanguan, Changchun, 130041, Jilin, People's Republic of China
| | - Junyao Li
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jilin University, 218 Ziqiang Street, Nanguan, Changchun, 130041, Jilin, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuejiao Lv
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jilin University, 218 Ziqiang Street, Nanguan, Changchun, 130041, Jilin, People's Republic of China
| | - Tingting Guo
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jilin University, 218 Ziqiang Street, Nanguan, Changchun, 130041, Jilin, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jilin University, 218 Ziqiang Street, Nanguan, Changchun, 130041, Jilin, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jilin University, 218 Ziqiang Street, Nanguan, Changchun, 130041, Jilin, People's Republic of China.
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Liu S, Su L, Mu X, Shi Y, Zhang A, Ge X. Apatinib inhibits macrophage-mediated epithelial–mesenchymal transition in lung cancer. RSC Adv 2018; 8:21451-21459. [PMID: 35539916 PMCID: PMC9080926 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra01231h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2018] [Accepted: 05/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemotherapy is one of the main treatment approaches for lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuliang Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery
- Yantaishan Hospital
- Yantai
- China
| | - Lingfei Su
- Department of Radiotherapy
- Yantaishan Hospital
- Yantai
- P. R. China
| | - Xuri Mu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery
- Yantaishan Hospital
- Yantai
- China
| | - Yubo Shi
- Department of Thoracic Surgery
- Yantaishan Hospital
- Yantai
- China
| | - Aifeng Zhang
- Department of Outpatient
- Yantaishan Hospital
- Yantai
- China
| | - Xingping Ge
- Department of Radiotherapy
- Yantaishan Hospital
- Yantai
- P. R. China
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