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Kreisinger J, Dooley J, Singh K, Čížková D, Schmiedová L, Bendová B, Liston A, Moudra A. Investigating the effects of radiation, T cell depletion, and bone marrow transplantation on murine gut microbiota. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1324403. [PMID: 38903788 PMCID: PMC11188301 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1324403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Microbiome research has gained much attention in recent years as the importance of gut microbiota in regulating host health becomes increasingly evident. However, the impact of radiation on the microbiota in the murine bone marrow transplantation model is still poorly understood. In this paper, we present key findings from our study on how radiation, followed by bone marrow transplantation with or without T cell depletion, impacts the microbiota in the ileum and caecum. Our findings show that radiation has different effects on the microbiota of the two intestinal regions, with the caecum showing increased interindividual variation, suggesting an impaired ability of the host to regulate microbial symbionts, consistent with the Anna Karenina principle. Additionally, we observed changes in the ileum composition, including an increase in bacterial taxa that are important modulators of host health, such as Akkermansia and Faecalibaculum. In contrast, radiation in the caecum was associated with an increased abundance of several common commensal taxa in the gut, including Lachnospiraceae and Bacteroides. Finally, we found that high doses of radiation had more substantial effects on the caecal microbiota of the T-cell-depleted group than that of the non-T-cell-depleted group. Overall, our results contribute to a better understanding of the complex relationship between radiation and the gut microbiota in the context of bone marrow transplantation and highlight the importance of considering different intestinal regions when studying microbiome responses to environmental stressors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakub Kreisinger
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czechia
| | - James Dooley
- Immunology Programme, The Babraham Institute, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Kailash Singh
- Immunology Programme, The Babraham Institute, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Department of Medical Cell Biology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Dagmar Čížková
- Institute of Vertebrate Biology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czechia
| | - Lucie Schmiedová
- Institute of Vertebrate Biology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czechia
| | - Barbora Bendová
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czechia
| | - Adrian Liston
- Immunology Programme, The Babraham Institute, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Alena Moudra
- Immunology Programme, The Babraham Institute, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- The National Institute of Mental Health, Klecany, Czechia
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2
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Ford AC, Vanner S, Kashyap PC, Nasser Y. Chronic Visceral Pain: New Peripheral Mechanistic Insights and Resulting Treatments. Gastroenterology 2024; 166:976-994. [PMID: 38325759 PMCID: PMC11102851 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2024.01.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Chronic visceral pain is one of the most common reasons for patients with gastrointestinal disorders, such as inflammatory bowel disease or disorders of brain-gut interaction, to seek medical attention. It represents a substantial burden to patients and is associated with anxiety, depression, reductions in quality of life, and impaired social functioning, as well as increased direct and indirect health care costs to society. Unfortunately, the diagnosis and treatment of chronic visceral pain is difficult, in part because our understanding of the underlying pathophysiologic basis is incomplete. In this review, we highlight recent advances in peripheral pain signaling and specific physiologic and pathophysiologic preclinical mechanisms that result in the sensitization of peripheral pain pathways. We focus on preclinical mechanisms that have been translated into treatment approaches and summarize the current evidence base for directing treatment toward these mechanisms of chronic visceral pain derived from clinical trials. The effective management of chronic visceral pain remains of critical importance for the quality of life of suffers. A deeper understanding of peripheral pain mechanisms is necessary and may provide the basis for novel therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander C Ford
- Leeds Institute of Medical Research at St. James's, University of |Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom; Leeds Gastroenterology Institute, Leeds Teaching Hospitals National Health Service Trust, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Stephen Vanner
- Gastrointestinal Diseases Research Unit, Kingston General Hospital, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Purna C Kashyap
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Yasmin Nasser
- Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Department of Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
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3
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Wiącek J, Podgórski T, Kusy K, Łoniewski I, Skonieczna-Żydecka K, Karolkiewicz J. Evaluating the Impact of Probiotic Therapy on the Endocannabinoid System, Pain, Sleep and Fatigue: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial in Dancers. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:5611. [PMID: 38891799 PMCID: PMC11171887 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25115611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2024] [Revised: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Emerging research links the endocannabinoid system to gut microbiota, influencing nociception, mood, and immunity, yet the molecular interactions remain unclear. This study focused on the effects of probiotics on ECS markers-cannabinoid receptor type 2 (CB2) and fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH)-in dancers, a group selected due to their high exposure to physical and psychological stress. In a double-blind, placebo-controlled trial (ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05567653), 15 dancers were assigned to receive either a 12-week regimen of Lactobacillus helveticus Rosell-52 and Bifidobacterium longum Rosell-17 or a placebo (PLA: n = 10, PRO: n = 5). There were no significant changes in CB2 (probiotic: 0.55 to 0.29 ng/mL; placebo: 0.86 to 0.72 ng/mL) or FAAH levels (probiotic: 5.93 to 6.02 ng/mL; placebo: 6.46 to 6.94 ng/mL; p > 0.05). A trend toward improved sleep quality was observed in the probiotic group, while the placebo group showed a decline (PRO: from 1.4 to 1.0; PLA: from 0.8 to 1.2; p = 0.07841). No other differences were noted in assessed outcomes (pain and fatigue). Probiotic supplementation showed no significant impact on CB2 or FAAH levels, pain, or fatigue but suggested potential benefits for sleep quality, suggesting an area for further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakub Wiącek
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Poznan University of Physical Education, 61-871 Poznan, Poland
| | - Tomasz Podgórski
- Department of Biochemistry and Physiology, Poznan University of Physical Education, 61-871 Poznan, Poland;
| | - Krzysztof Kusy
- Department of Athletics, Strength and Conditioning, Poznan University of Physical Education, 61-871 Poznan, Poland;
| | - Igor Łoniewski
- Department of Biochemical Science, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Broniewskiego 24, 71-460 Szczecin, Poland; (I.Ł.); (K.S.-Ż.)
| | - Karolina Skonieczna-Żydecka
- Department of Biochemical Science, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Broniewskiego 24, 71-460 Szczecin, Poland; (I.Ł.); (K.S.-Ż.)
| | - Joanna Karolkiewicz
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Poznan University of Physical Education, 61-871 Poznan, Poland
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4
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Tiwari N, Qiao LY. Sex Differences in Visceral Pain and Comorbidities: Clinical Outcomes, Preclinical Models, and Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms. Cells 2024; 13:834. [PMID: 38786056 PMCID: PMC11119472 DOI: 10.3390/cells13100834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Revised: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Sexual dimorphism of visceral pain has been documented in clinics and experimental animal models. Aside from hormones, emerging evidence suggests the sex-differential intrinsic neural regulation of pain generation and maintenance. According to the International Association for the Study of Pain (IASP) and the American College of Gastroenterology (ACG), up to 25% of the population have visceral pain at any one time, and in the United States 10-15 percent of adults suffer from irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). Here we examine the preclinical and clinical evidence of sex differences in visceral pain focusing on IBS, other forms of bowel dysfunction and IBS-associated comorbidities. We summarize preclinical animal models that provide a means to investigate the underlying molecular mechanisms in the sexual dimorphism of visceral pain. Neurons and nonneuronal cells (glia and immune cells) in the peripheral and central nervous systems, and the communication of gut microbiota and neural systems all contribute to sex-dependent nociception and nociplasticity in visceral painful signal processing. Emotion is another factor in pain perception and appears to have sexual dimorphism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Namrata Tiwari
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
| | - Liya Y. Qiao
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
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5
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Hearn-Yeates F, Horne AW, O’Mahony SM, Saunders PTK. The impact of the microbiota-gut-brain axis on endometriosis-associated symptoms: mechanisms and opportunities for personalised management strategies. REPRODUCTION AND FERTILITY 2024; 5:RAF-23-0085. [PMID: 38739749 PMCID: PMC11227073 DOI: 10.1530/raf-23-0085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Endometriosis is a chronic inflammatory condition affecting one in 10 women and those assigned female at birth, defined by the presence of endometrial-like tissue outside the uterus. It is commonly associated with pain, infertility, and mood disorders, and often comorbid with other chronic pain conditions, such as irritable bowel syndrome. Recent research has identified a key role for the microbiota-gut-brain axis in health and a range of inflammatory and neurological disorders, prompting an exploration of its potential mechanistic role in endometriosis. Increased awareness of the impact of the gut microbiota within the patient community, combined with the often-detrimental side effects of current therapies, has motivated many to utilise self-management strategies, such as dietary modification and supplements, despite a lack of robust clinical evidence. Current research has characterised the gut microbiota in endometriosis patients and animal models. However, small cohorts and differing methodology has resulted in little consensus in the data. In this narrative review, we summarise research studies that have investigated the role of gut microbiota and their metabolic products in the development and progression of endometriosis lesions, before summarising insights from research into co-morbid conditions and discussing the reported impact of self-management strategies on symptoms of endometriosis. Finally, we suggest ways in which this promising field of research could be expanded to explore the role of specific bacteria, improve access to 'microbial' phenotyping, and to develop personalised patient advice for reduction of symptoms such as chronic pain and bloating.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Hearn-Yeates
- EXPPECT Edinburgh and Centre for Reproductive Health, University of Edinburgh, Institute for Regeneration and Repair, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Andrew W Horne
- EXPPECT Edinburgh and Centre for Reproductive Health, University of Edinburgh, Institute for Regeneration and Repair, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Siobhain M O’Mahony
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Philippa T K Saunders
- EXPPECT Edinburgh and Centre for Reproductive Health, University of Edinburgh, Institute for Regeneration and Repair, Edinburgh, UK
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6
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Alshaarawy O, Balasubramanian G, Venkatesan T. Cannabis use in the United States and its impact on gastrointestinal health. Nutr Clin Pract 2024; 39:281-292. [PMID: 38142306 DOI: 10.1002/ncp.11111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/25/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, the legalization and social acceptability of cannabis use have increased in the United States. Concurrently, the prevalence of cannabis use has continued to rise, and cannabis products have diversified. There are growing concerns regarding the health effects of regular and high-potency cannabis use, and new research has shed light on its potentially negative effects. Here, we review evidence of the gastrointestinal (GI) effects of cannabis and cannabinoids. Dysregulation of the endocannabinoid system might contribute to various GI disorders, including irritable bowel syndrome and cyclic vomiting syndrome, and endocannabinoids have been found to regulate visceral sensation, nausea, vomiting, and the gut microbiome. Cannabis has been shown to have antiemetic properties, and the US Food and Drug Administration has approved cannabis-based medications for treating chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting. Yet, chronic heavy cannabis use has been linked to recurrent episodes of severe nausea and intractable vomiting (cannabinoid hyperemesis syndrome). Given the considerable heterogeneity in the scientific literature, it is unclear if cannabinoid hyperemesis syndrome is truly a distinct entity or a subtype of cyclic vomiting that is unmasked by heavy cannabis use and the associated dysregulation of the endocannabinoid system. The changes in cannabis legalization, availability, and public risk perceptions have outpaced research in this area and there is a need for robust, prospective, large-scale studies to understand the effects of cannabis use on GI health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omayma Alshaarawy
- Department of Family Medicine, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | - Gokulakrishnan Balasubramanian
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Thangam Venkatesan
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio, USA
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7
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Waitzberg D, Guarner F, Hojsak I, Ianiro G, Polk DB, Sokol H. Can the Evidence-Based Use of Probiotics (Notably Saccharomyces boulardii CNCM I-745 and Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG) Mitigate the Clinical Effects of Antibiotic-Associated Dysbiosis? Adv Ther 2024; 41:901-914. [PMID: 38286962 PMCID: PMC10879266 DOI: 10.1007/s12325-024-02783-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/31/2024]
Abstract
Dysbiosis corresponds to the disruption of a formerly stable, functionally complete microbiota. In the gut, this imbalance can lead to adverse health outcomes in both the short and long terms, with a potential increase in the lifetime risks of various noncommunicable diseases and disorders such as atopy (like asthma), inflammatory bowel disease, neurological disorders, and even behavioural and psychological disorders. Although antibiotics are highly effective in reducing morbidity and mortality in infectious diseases, antibiotic-associated diarrhoea is a common, non-negligible clinical sign of gut dysbiosis (and the only visible one). Re-establishment of a normal (functional) gut microbiota is promoted by completion of the clinically indicated course of antibiotics, the removal of any other perturbing external factors, the passage of time (i.e. recovery through the microbiota's natural resilience), appropriate nutritional support, and-in selected cases-the addition of probiotics. Systematic reviews and meta-analyses of clinical trials have confirmed the strain-specific efficacy of some probiotics (notably the yeast Saccharomyces boulardii CNCM I-745 and the bacterium Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG) in the treatment and/or prevention of antibiotic-associated diarrhoea in children and in adults. Unusually for a probiotic, S. boulardii is a eukaryote and is not therefore directly affected by antibiotics-making it suitable for administration in cases of antibiotic-associated diarrhoea. A robust body of evidence from clinical trials and meta-analyses shows that the timely administration of an adequately dosed probiotic (upon initiation of antibiotic treatment or within 48 h) can help to prevent or resolve the consequences of antibiotic-associated dysbiosis (such as diarrhoea) and promote the resilience of the gut microbiota and a return to the pre-antibiotic state. A focus on the prescription of evidence-based, adequately dosed probiotics should help to limit unjustified and potentially ineffective self-medication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Waitzberg
- Department of Gastroenterology, LIM-35, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Iva Hojsak
- Referral Centre for Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
- University of Zagreb Medical School, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Gianluca Ianiro
- Department of Translational Medicine and Surgery, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, UOC Gastroenterologia, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, UOC CEMAD Centro Malattie Dell'Apparato Digerente, Medicina Interna e Gastroenterologia, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - D Brent Polk
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, San Diego, and Rady Children's Hospital, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Harry Sokol
- Gastroenterology Department, Saint-Antoine Hospital, Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, CRSA, AP-HP, 184 Rue du Faubourg Saint-Antoine, 75571, Paris Cedex 12, France.
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAe, AgroParisTech, Micalis Institute, Jouy-en-Josas, France.
- Paris Center for Microbiome Medicine (PaCeMM) FHU, Paris, France.
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8
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Sun Y, Wang X, Li L, Zhong C, Zhang Y, Yang X, Li M, Yang C. The role of gut microbiota in intestinal disease: from an oxidative stress perspective. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1328324. [PMID: 38419631 PMCID: PMC10899708 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1328324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have indicated that gut microbiota-mediated oxidative stress is significantly associated with intestinal diseases such as colorectal cancer, ulcerative colitis, and Crohn's disease. The level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) has been reported to increase when the gut microbiota is dysregulated, especially when several gut bacterial metabolites are present. Although healthy gut microbiota plays a vital role in defending against excessive oxidative stress, intestinal disease is significantly influenced by excessive ROS, and this process is controlled by gut microbiota-mediated immunological responses, DNA damage, and intestinal inflammation. In this review, we discuss the relationship between gut microbiota and intestinal disease from an oxidative stress perspective. In addition, we also provide a summary of the most recent therapeutic approaches for preventing or treating intestinal diseases by modifying gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiqi Sun
- Surgery of Traditional Chinese Medicine Department, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Xurui Wang
- Surgery of Traditional Chinese Medicine Department, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Lei Li
- Department of Anorectal Surgery, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Chao Zhong
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Department of Orthopaedic and Traumatic, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Colorectal and Anal Surgery, Chengdu Anorectal Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiangdong Yang
- Colorectal and Anal Surgery, Chengdu Anorectal Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Mingyue Li
- Special Needs Outpatient Department, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Chao Yang
- Surgery of Traditional Chinese Medicine Department, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
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9
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Kashyap Y, Wang ZJ. Gut microbiota dysbiosis alters chronic pain behaviors in a humanized transgenic mouse model of sickle cell disease. Pain 2024; 165:423-439. [PMID: 37733476 PMCID: PMC10843763 DOI: 10.1097/j.pain.0000000000003034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Pain is the most common symptom experienced by patients with sickle cell disease (SCD) throughout their lives and is the main cause of hospitalization. Despite the progress that has been made towards understanding the disease pathophysiology, major gaps remain in the knowledge of SCD pain, the transition to chronic pain, and effective pain management. Recent evidence has demonstrated a vital role of gut microbiota in pathophysiological features of SCD. However, the role of gut microbiota in SCD pain is yet to be explored. We sought to evaluate the compositional differences in the gut microbiota of transgenic mice with SCD and nonsickle control mice and investigate the role of gut microbiota in SCD pain by using antibiotic-mediated gut microbiota depletion and fecal material transplantation (FMT). The antibiotic-mediated gut microbiota depletion did not affect evoked pain but significantly attenuated ongoing spontaneous pain in mice with SCD. Fecal material transplantation from mice with SCD to wild-type mice resulted in tactile allodynia (0.95 ± 0.17 g vs 0.08 ± 0.02 g, von Frey test, P < 0.001), heat hyperalgesia (15.10 ± 0.79 seconds vs 8.68 ± 1.17 seconds, radiant heat, P < 0.01), cold allodynia (2.75 ± 0.26 seconds vs 1.68 ± 0.08 seconds, dry ice test, P < 0.01), and anxiety-like behaviors (Elevated Plus Maze Test, Open Field Test). On the contrary, reshaping gut microbiota of mice with SCD with FMT from WT mice resulted in reduced tactile allodynia (0.05 ± 0.01 g vs 0.25 ± 0.03 g, P < 0.001), heat hyperalgesia (5.89 ± 0.67 seconds vs 12.25 ± 0.76 seconds, P < 0.001), and anxiety-like behaviors. These findings provide insights into the relationship between gut microbiota dysbiosis and pain in SCD, highlighting the importance of gut microbial communities that may serve as potential targets for novel pain interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yavnika Kashyap
- Departments of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Center for Biomolecular Science, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Zaijie Jim Wang
- Departments of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Center for Biomolecular Science, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL, United States
- Department of Neurology & Rehabilitation, and Sickle Cell Center, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL 60607, United States
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10
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Thornton T, Mills D, Bliss E. The impact of lipopolysaccharide on cerebrovascular function and cognition resulting from obesity-induced gut dysbiosis. Life Sci 2024; 336:122337. [PMID: 38072189 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.122337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
Obesity is a worldwide epidemic coinciding with a concomitant increase in the incidence of neurodegenerative diseases, particularly dementia. Obesity is characterised by increased adiposity, chronic low-grade systemic inflammation, and oxidative stress, which promote endothelial dysfunction. Endothelial dysfunction reduces cerebrovascular function leading to reduced cerebral blood flow and, eventually, cognitive decline, thus predisposing to a neurodegenerative disease. Obesity is also characterised by gut dysbiosis and a subsequent increase in the lipopolysaccharide which increasingly activates toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and further promotes chronic low-grade systemic inflammation. This also disrupts the crosstalk within the gut-brain axis, thus influencing the functions of the central nervous system, including cognition. However, the mechanisms by which obesity-related increases in oxidative stress, inflammation and endothelial dysfunction are driven by, or associated with, increased systemic lipopolysaccharide leading to reduced cerebrovascular function and cognition, beyond normal ageing, have not been elucidated. Hence, this review examines how increased concentrations of lipopolysaccharide and the subsequent increased TLR4 activation observed in obesity exacerbate the development of obesity-induced reductions in cerebrovascular function and cognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tammy Thornton
- School of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Southern Queensland, Ipswich, QLD 4305, Australia; Respiratory and Exercise Physiology Research Group, School of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Southern Queensland, Ipswich, QLD 4305, Australia.
| | - Dean Mills
- School of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Southern Queensland, Ipswich, QLD 4305, Australia; Respiratory and Exercise Physiology Research Group, School of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Southern Queensland, Ipswich, QLD 4305, Australia; Centre for Health Research, Institute for Resilient Regions, University of Southern Queensland, Ipswich, QLD 4305, Australia; Molecular Biomarkers Research Group, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, QLD 4350, Australia
| | - Edward Bliss
- School of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Southern Queensland, Ipswich, QLD 4305, Australia; Respiratory and Exercise Physiology Research Group, School of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Southern Queensland, Ipswich, QLD 4305, Australia; Centre for Health Research, Institute for Resilient Regions, University of Southern Queensland, Ipswich, QLD 4305, Australia; Molecular Biomarkers Research Group, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, QLD 4350, Australia
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11
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Alshammari K, Alotaibi FM, Alsugheir F, Aldawoud M, Alolayan A, Algarni MA, Sabatin F, Mohammad MF, Alosaimi A, Sanai FM, Odah H, Alshehri AS, Aldibasi OS, Alrehaily S, Al Saleh AS. Antibiotic Exposure Concurrently with Anti-PD1 Blockade Therapy Reduces Overall Survival in Patients with Child-Pugh Class A Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 16:133. [PMID: 38201560 PMCID: PMC10777962 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16010133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the third leading cause of cancer death worldwide with a poor prognosis. Treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) has improved overall survival in patients with HCC. However, not all patients benefit from the treatment. In this study, 59 patients with HCC were enrolled from two medical centers in Saudi Arabia, with 34% using antibiotics concurrently with their Nivolumab (anti-PD1 blockade). The impact of antibiotic use on the clinical outcomes of patients with HCC undergoing treatment with anti-PD1 blockade was examined. The patients' overall survival (OS) was 5 months (95% CI: 3.2, 6.7) compared to 10 months (95% CI: 0, 22.2) (p = 0.08). Notably, patients with Child-Pugh A cirrhosis receiving anti-PD1 blockade treatment without concurrent antibiotic use showed a significantly longer median OS reaching 22 months (95% CI: 6.5, 37.4) compared to those who were given antibiotics with a median OS of 6 months (95% CI: 2.7, 9.2) (p = 0.02). This difference in overall survival was particularly found in Child-Pugh class A patients receiving anti-PD1 blockade. These findings suggest that antibiotic use may negatively affect survival outcomes in HCC patients undergoing anti-PD1 blockade, potentially due to antibiotic-induced alterations to the gut microbiome impacting the anti-PD1 blockade response. This study suggests the need for careful consideration when prescribing antibiotics to patients with HCC receiving anti-PD1 blockade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanan Alshammari
- King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard-Health Affairs, Riyadh 11481, Saudi Arabia; (K.A.); (F.A.); (M.A.); (A.A.); (M.A.A.); (F.S.); (A.A.); (O.S.A.); (A.S.A.S.)
- College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh 11481, Saudi Arabia
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Ministry of National Guard-Health Affairs, Riyadh 11481, Saudi Arabia
| | - Faizah M. Alotaibi
- King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard-Health Affairs, Riyadh 11481, Saudi Arabia; (K.A.); (F.A.); (M.A.); (A.A.); (M.A.A.); (F.S.); (A.A.); (O.S.A.); (A.S.A.S.)
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Ministry of National Guard-Health Affairs, Riyadh 11481, Saudi Arabia
- College of Science and Health Professions, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Alahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Futoon Alsugheir
- King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard-Health Affairs, Riyadh 11481, Saudi Arabia; (K.A.); (F.A.); (M.A.); (A.A.); (M.A.A.); (F.S.); (A.A.); (O.S.A.); (A.S.A.S.)
- College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh 11481, Saudi Arabia
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Ministry of National Guard-Health Affairs, Riyadh 11481, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Aldawoud
- King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard-Health Affairs, Riyadh 11481, Saudi Arabia; (K.A.); (F.A.); (M.A.); (A.A.); (M.A.A.); (F.S.); (A.A.); (O.S.A.); (A.S.A.S.)
- College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh 11481, Saudi Arabia
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Ministry of National Guard-Health Affairs, Riyadh 11481, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ashwaq Alolayan
- King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard-Health Affairs, Riyadh 11481, Saudi Arabia; (K.A.); (F.A.); (M.A.); (A.A.); (M.A.A.); (F.S.); (A.A.); (O.S.A.); (A.S.A.S.)
- College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh 11481, Saudi Arabia
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Ministry of National Guard-Health Affairs, Riyadh 11481, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Ahmad Algarni
- King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard-Health Affairs, Riyadh 11481, Saudi Arabia; (K.A.); (F.A.); (M.A.); (A.A.); (M.A.A.); (F.S.); (A.A.); (O.S.A.); (A.S.A.S.)
- College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh 11481, Saudi Arabia
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Ministry of National Guard-Health Affairs, Riyadh 11481, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fouad Sabatin
- King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard-Health Affairs, Riyadh 11481, Saudi Arabia; (K.A.); (F.A.); (M.A.); (A.A.); (M.A.A.); (F.S.); (A.A.); (O.S.A.); (A.S.A.S.)
- College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh 11481, Saudi Arabia
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Ministry of National Guard-Health Affairs, Riyadh 11481, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad F. Mohammad
- College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh 11481, Saudi Arabia
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Ministry of National Guard-Health Affairs, Riyadh 11481, Saudi Arabia
- Abdominal Imaging Section, Department of Radiology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Center, Riyadh 11564, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulaziz Alosaimi
- King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard-Health Affairs, Riyadh 11481, Saudi Arabia; (K.A.); (F.A.); (M.A.); (A.A.); (M.A.A.); (F.S.); (A.A.); (O.S.A.); (A.S.A.S.)
- College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh 11481, Saudi Arabia
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Ministry of National Guard-Health Affairs, Riyadh 11481, Saudi Arabia
| | - Faisal M. Sanai
- King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard-Health Affairs, Jeddah 21423, Saudi Arabia; (F.M.S.); dr.hassan-@hotmail.com (H.O.); (A.S.A.); (S.A.)
| | - Hassan Odah
- King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard-Health Affairs, Jeddah 21423, Saudi Arabia; (F.M.S.); dr.hassan-@hotmail.com (H.O.); (A.S.A.); (S.A.)
| | - Ahmed Saleh Alshehri
- King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard-Health Affairs, Jeddah 21423, Saudi Arabia; (F.M.S.); dr.hassan-@hotmail.com (H.O.); (A.S.A.); (S.A.)
- College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah 21423, Saudi Arabia
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Ministry of National Guard-Health Affairs, Jeddah 21423, Saudi Arabia
| | - Omar S. Aldibasi
- King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard-Health Affairs, Riyadh 11481, Saudi Arabia; (K.A.); (F.A.); (M.A.); (A.A.); (M.A.A.); (F.S.); (A.A.); (O.S.A.); (A.S.A.S.)
- College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh 11481, Saudi Arabia
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Ministry of National Guard-Health Affairs, Riyadh 11481, Saudi Arabia
| | - Samah Alrehaily
- King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard-Health Affairs, Jeddah 21423, Saudi Arabia; (F.M.S.); dr.hassan-@hotmail.com (H.O.); (A.S.A.); (S.A.)
- College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah 21423, Saudi Arabia
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Ministry of National Guard-Health Affairs, Jeddah 21423, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah S. Al Saleh
- King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard-Health Affairs, Riyadh 11481, Saudi Arabia; (K.A.); (F.A.); (M.A.); (A.A.); (M.A.A.); (F.S.); (A.A.); (O.S.A.); (A.S.A.S.)
- College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh 11481, Saudi Arabia
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Ministry of National Guard-Health Affairs, Riyadh 11481, Saudi Arabia
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12
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López-Estévez S, Aguilera M, Gris G, de la Puente B, Carceller A, Martínez V. Genetic and Pharmacological Blockade of Sigma-1 Receptors Attenuates Inflammation-Associated Hypersensitivity during Acute Colitis in CD1 Mice. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2758. [PMID: 37893131 PMCID: PMC10604167 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11102758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Sigma-1 receptors (σ1Rs) are implicated in nociception, including pain sensitization, and inflammation. We assessed the role of σ1Rs on acute colitis-associated hypersensitivity using both genetic (constitutive knockout) and pharmacological blockade of the receptor. Colitis was induced in CD1 wild-type (WT) and σ1R KO mice (exposure to dextran sodium sulfate, 3%). A von Frey test was used to assess referred mechanosensitivity (abdominal and plantar withdrawal responses). The effects of the selective σ1R antagonists BD1063 and E-52862 were also assessed in WT animals. The expression of immune and sensory-related markers (RT-qPCR, Western blot) was assessed in the colon and lumbosacral spinal cord. The genetic ablation or pharmacological blockade of σ1Rs attenuated acute colonic inflammation in a similar manner. Mechanosensitivity was similar in WT and σ1R KO mice before colitis. In WT mice, but not in σ1R KO, colitis was associated with the development of referred mechanical hypersensitivity, manifested as a reduction in the withdrawal thresholds to mechanical probing (paw and abdominal wall). In WT mice, BD1063 and E-52862 blocked colitis-associated hypersensitivity. A genotype- and treatment-related differential regulation of sensory-related markers was detected locally (colon) and within the spinal cord. σ1Rs are involved in the development of acute intestinal inflammation and its associated referred mechanical hypersensitivity. The selective modulation of sensory-related pathways within the colon and spinal cord might be part of the underlying mechanisms. These observations support the pharmacological use of σ1R antagonists for the treatment of intestinal inflammation-induced hypersensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio López-Estévez
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Barcelona, Spain; (S.L.-E.)
- Neuroscience Institute, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mònica Aguilera
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Barcelona, Spain; (S.L.-E.)
- Neuroscience Institute, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Georgia Gris
- Department of Pharmacology, Welab Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (G.G.); (B.d.l.P.); (A.C.)
| | - Beatriz de la Puente
- Department of Pharmacology, Welab Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (G.G.); (B.d.l.P.); (A.C.)
| | - Alicia Carceller
- Department of Pharmacology, Welab Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (G.G.); (B.d.l.P.); (A.C.)
| | - Vicente Martínez
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Barcelona, Spain; (S.L.-E.)
- Neuroscience Institute, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28049 Madrid, Spain
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13
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Peng S, Xia Y, Wang Y, Yu X, Wu Z, Zhang L, Xu K, Shen L, Luo H. Research hotspots and trend analysis of abdominal pain in inflammatory bowel disease: a bibliometric and visualized analysis. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1220418. [PMID: 37808188 PMCID: PMC10552780 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1220418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Aims: The study aimed to provide a bibliometric and visual analysis of research on abdominal pain in inflammatory bowel disease and discuss the current status, research hotspots, and future developments. Methods: We used the Web of Science Core Collection to comprehensively search the literature on abdominal pain-related research in IBD published between 2003 and 2022. The bibliometric and visual analysis was performed through CiteSpace, VOSviewer software, R language, and the bibliometric online analysis platform, including authors, institutions, countries, journals, references, and keywords in the literature. Results: A total of 3,503 relevant articles are included, indicating that the number of articles in this field has increased in recent years. The United States leads the way with a dominant position in terms of article output, followed by China and JAPAN. United States (967 articles), University of Calgary (98 articles), and World Journal of Gastroenterology (127 articles) are the top publishing countries, institutions, and journals, respectively; keyword analysis shows that gut microbiota, depression, stress, visceral hypersensitivity, and multidisciplinary approach are the hot spots and trends in this research area. Conclusion: Abdominal pain-related studies in IBD have received increasing attention in the past two decades. This study provides the first bibliometric analysis of papers in this research area using visualization software and data information mining. It provides insights into this field's current status, hot spots, and trends. However, many outstanding issues in this research area still need further exploration to provide a theoretical basis for its clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Peng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuan Xia
- Department of Gastroenterology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaoyun Yu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zunan Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Ke Xu
- Department of Neurology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Lei Shen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Hesheng Luo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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14
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Choudhury A, Ortiz PS, Young M, Mahmud MT, Stoffel RT, Greathouse KL, Kearney CM. Control of Helicobacter pylori with engineered probiotics secreting selective guided antimicrobial peptides. Microbiol Spectr 2023; 11:e0201423. [PMID: 37712669 PMCID: PMC10580918 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.02014-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori is the primary cause of 78% of gastric cancer cases, providing an opportunity to prevent cancer by controlling a single bacterial pathogen within the complex gastric microbiota. We developed highly selective antimicrobial agents against H. pylori by fusing an H. pylori-binding guide peptide (MM1) to broad-spectrum antimicrobial peptides. The common dairy probiotic Lactococcus lactis was then engineered to secrete these guided antimicrobial peptides (gAMPs). When co-cultured in vitro with H. pylori, the gAMP probiotics lost no toxicity compared to unguided AMP probiotics against the target, H. pylori, while losing >90% of their toxicity against two tested off-target bacteria. To test binding to H. pylori, the MM1 guide was fused to green fluorescent protein (GFP), resulting in enhanced binding compared to unguided GFP as measured by flow cytometry. In contrast, MM1-GFP showed no increased binding over GFP against five different off-target bacteria. These highly selective gAMP probiotics were then tested by oral gavage in mice infected with H. pylori. As a therapy, the probiotics outperformed antibiotic treatment, effectively eliminating H. pylori in just 5 days, and also protected mice from challenge infection as a prophylactic. As expected, the gAMP probiotics were as toxic against H. pylori as the unguided AMP probiotics. However, a strong rebound in gastric species diversity was found with both the selective gAMP probiotics and the non-selective AMP probiotics. Eliminating the extreme microbial dysbiosis caused by H. pylori appeared to be the major factor in diversity recovery. IMPORTANCE Alternatives to antibiotics in the control of Helicobacter pylori and the prevention of gastric cancer are needed. The high prevalence of H. pylori in the human population, the induction of microbial dysbiosis by antibiotics, and increasing antibiotic resistance call for a more sustainable approach. By selectively eliminating the pathogen and retaining the commensal community, H. pylori control may be achieved without adverse health outcomes. Antibiotics are typically used as a therapeutic post-infection, but a more targeted, less disruptive approach could be used as a long-term prophylactic against H. pylori or, by extension, against other gastrointestinal pathogens. Furthermore, the modular nature of the guided antimicrobial peptide (gAMP) technology allows for the substitution of different guides for different pathogens and the use of a cocktail of gAMPs to avoid the development of pathogen resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Mikaeel Young
- Department of Biology, Baylor University, Waco, Texas, USA
| | | | - Ryan T. Stoffel
- Baylor Sciences Building Vivarium, Baylor University, Waco, Texas, USA
| | - K. Leigh Greathouse
- Department of Biology, Baylor University, Waco, Texas, USA
- Robbins College of Health and Human Sciences, Baylor University, Waco, Texas, USA
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Maccarrone M, Di Marzo V, Gertsch J, Grether U, Howlett AC, Hua T, Makriyannis A, Piomelli D, Ueda N, van der Stelt M. Goods and Bads of the Endocannabinoid System as a Therapeutic Target: Lessons Learned after 30 Years. Pharmacol Rev 2023; 75:885-958. [PMID: 37164640 PMCID: PMC10441647 DOI: 10.1124/pharmrev.122.000600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The cannabis derivative marijuana is the most widely used recreational drug in the Western world and is consumed by an estimated 83 million individuals (∼3% of the world population). In recent years, there has been a marked transformation in society regarding the risk perception of cannabis, driven by its legalization and medical use in many states in the United States and worldwide. Compelling research evidence and the Food and Drug Administration cannabis-derived cannabidiol approval for severe childhood epilepsy have confirmed the large therapeutic potential of cannabidiol itself, Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol and other plant-derived cannabinoids (phytocannabinoids). Of note, our body has a complex endocannabinoid system (ECS)-made of receptors, metabolic enzymes, and transporters-that is also regulated by phytocannabinoids. The first endocannabinoid to be discovered 30 years ago was anandamide (N-arachidonoyl-ethanolamine); since then, distinct elements of the ECS have been the target of drug design programs aimed at curing (or at least slowing down) a number of human diseases, both in the central nervous system and at the periphery. Here a critical review of our knowledge of the goods and bads of the ECS as a therapeutic target is presented to define the benefits of ECS-active phytocannabinoids and ECS-oriented synthetic drugs for human health. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: The endocannabinoid system plays important roles virtually everywhere in our body and is either involved in mediating key processes of central and peripheral diseases or represents a therapeutic target for treatment. Therefore, understanding the structure, function, and pharmacology of the components of this complex system, and in particular of key receptors (like cannabinoid receptors 1 and 2) and metabolic enzymes (like fatty acid amide hydrolase and monoacylglycerol lipase), will advance our understanding of endocannabinoid signaling and activity at molecular, cellular, and system levels, providing new opportunities to treat patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mauro Maccarrone
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, Italy (M.M.); European Center for Brain Research, Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy (M.M.); Canada Excellence Research Chair on the Microbiome-Endocannabinoidome Axis in Metabolic Health, University of Laval, Quebec, Canada (V.D.); Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, NCCR TransCure, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (J.G.); Roche Pharma Research & Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd., Basel, Switzerland (U.G.); Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina (A.C.H.); iHuman Institute, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China (T.H.); Center for Drug Discovery and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts (A.M.); Departments of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Biological Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, California (D.P.); Department of Biochemistry, Kagawa University School of Medicine, Miki, Kagawa, Japan (N.U.); Department of Molecular Physiology, Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Leiden, Netherlands (M.S.)
| | - Vincenzo Di Marzo
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, Italy (M.M.); European Center for Brain Research, Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy (M.M.); Canada Excellence Research Chair on the Microbiome-Endocannabinoidome Axis in Metabolic Health, University of Laval, Quebec, Canada (V.D.); Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, NCCR TransCure, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (J.G.); Roche Pharma Research & Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd., Basel, Switzerland (U.G.); Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina (A.C.H.); iHuman Institute, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China (T.H.); Center for Drug Discovery and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts (A.M.); Departments of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Biological Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, California (D.P.); Department of Biochemistry, Kagawa University School of Medicine, Miki, Kagawa, Japan (N.U.); Department of Molecular Physiology, Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Leiden, Netherlands (M.S.)
| | - Jürg Gertsch
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, Italy (M.M.); European Center for Brain Research, Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy (M.M.); Canada Excellence Research Chair on the Microbiome-Endocannabinoidome Axis in Metabolic Health, University of Laval, Quebec, Canada (V.D.); Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, NCCR TransCure, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (J.G.); Roche Pharma Research & Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd., Basel, Switzerland (U.G.); Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina (A.C.H.); iHuman Institute, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China (T.H.); Center for Drug Discovery and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts (A.M.); Departments of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Biological Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, California (D.P.); Department of Biochemistry, Kagawa University School of Medicine, Miki, Kagawa, Japan (N.U.); Department of Molecular Physiology, Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Leiden, Netherlands (M.S.)
| | - Uwe Grether
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, Italy (M.M.); European Center for Brain Research, Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy (M.M.); Canada Excellence Research Chair on the Microbiome-Endocannabinoidome Axis in Metabolic Health, University of Laval, Quebec, Canada (V.D.); Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, NCCR TransCure, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (J.G.); Roche Pharma Research & Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd., Basel, Switzerland (U.G.); Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina (A.C.H.); iHuman Institute, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China (T.H.); Center for Drug Discovery and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts (A.M.); Departments of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Biological Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, California (D.P.); Department of Biochemistry, Kagawa University School of Medicine, Miki, Kagawa, Japan (N.U.); Department of Molecular Physiology, Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Leiden, Netherlands (M.S.)
| | - Allyn C Howlett
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, Italy (M.M.); European Center for Brain Research, Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy (M.M.); Canada Excellence Research Chair on the Microbiome-Endocannabinoidome Axis in Metabolic Health, University of Laval, Quebec, Canada (V.D.); Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, NCCR TransCure, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (J.G.); Roche Pharma Research & Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd., Basel, Switzerland (U.G.); Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina (A.C.H.); iHuman Institute, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China (T.H.); Center for Drug Discovery and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts (A.M.); Departments of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Biological Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, California (D.P.); Department of Biochemistry, Kagawa University School of Medicine, Miki, Kagawa, Japan (N.U.); Department of Molecular Physiology, Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Leiden, Netherlands (M.S.)
| | - Tian Hua
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, Italy (M.M.); European Center for Brain Research, Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy (M.M.); Canada Excellence Research Chair on the Microbiome-Endocannabinoidome Axis in Metabolic Health, University of Laval, Quebec, Canada (V.D.); Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, NCCR TransCure, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (J.G.); Roche Pharma Research & Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd., Basel, Switzerland (U.G.); Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina (A.C.H.); iHuman Institute, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China (T.H.); Center for Drug Discovery and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts (A.M.); Departments of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Biological Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, California (D.P.); Department of Biochemistry, Kagawa University School of Medicine, Miki, Kagawa, Japan (N.U.); Department of Molecular Physiology, Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Leiden, Netherlands (M.S.)
| | - Alexandros Makriyannis
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, Italy (M.M.); European Center for Brain Research, Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy (M.M.); Canada Excellence Research Chair on the Microbiome-Endocannabinoidome Axis in Metabolic Health, University of Laval, Quebec, Canada (V.D.); Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, NCCR TransCure, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (J.G.); Roche Pharma Research & Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd., Basel, Switzerland (U.G.); Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina (A.C.H.); iHuman Institute, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China (T.H.); Center for Drug Discovery and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts (A.M.); Departments of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Biological Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, California (D.P.); Department of Biochemistry, Kagawa University School of Medicine, Miki, Kagawa, Japan (N.U.); Department of Molecular Physiology, Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Leiden, Netherlands (M.S.)
| | - Daniele Piomelli
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, Italy (M.M.); European Center for Brain Research, Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy (M.M.); Canada Excellence Research Chair on the Microbiome-Endocannabinoidome Axis in Metabolic Health, University of Laval, Quebec, Canada (V.D.); Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, NCCR TransCure, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (J.G.); Roche Pharma Research & Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd., Basel, Switzerland (U.G.); Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina (A.C.H.); iHuman Institute, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China (T.H.); Center for Drug Discovery and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts (A.M.); Departments of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Biological Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, California (D.P.); Department of Biochemistry, Kagawa University School of Medicine, Miki, Kagawa, Japan (N.U.); Department of Molecular Physiology, Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Leiden, Netherlands (M.S.)
| | - Natsuo Ueda
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, Italy (M.M.); European Center for Brain Research, Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy (M.M.); Canada Excellence Research Chair on the Microbiome-Endocannabinoidome Axis in Metabolic Health, University of Laval, Quebec, Canada (V.D.); Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, NCCR TransCure, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (J.G.); Roche Pharma Research & Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd., Basel, Switzerland (U.G.); Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina (A.C.H.); iHuman Institute, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China (T.H.); Center for Drug Discovery and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts (A.M.); Departments of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Biological Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, California (D.P.); Department of Biochemistry, Kagawa University School of Medicine, Miki, Kagawa, Japan (N.U.); Department of Molecular Physiology, Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Leiden, Netherlands (M.S.)
| | - Mario van der Stelt
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, Italy (M.M.); European Center for Brain Research, Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy (M.M.); Canada Excellence Research Chair on the Microbiome-Endocannabinoidome Axis in Metabolic Health, University of Laval, Quebec, Canada (V.D.); Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, NCCR TransCure, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (J.G.); Roche Pharma Research & Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd., Basel, Switzerland (U.G.); Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina (A.C.H.); iHuman Institute, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China (T.H.); Center for Drug Discovery and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts (A.M.); Departments of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Biological Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, California (D.P.); Department of Biochemistry, Kagawa University School of Medicine, Miki, Kagawa, Japan (N.U.); Department of Molecular Physiology, Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Leiden, Netherlands (M.S.)
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Kappéter Á, Sipos D, Varga A, Vigvári S, Halda-Kiss B, Péterfi Z. Migraine as a Disease Associated with Dysbiosis and Possible Therapy with Fecal Microbiota Transplantation. Microorganisms 2023; 11:2083. [PMID: 37630643 PMCID: PMC10458656 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11082083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Migraine is a painful neurological condition characterized by severe pain on one or both sides of the head. It may be linked to changes in the gut microbiota, which are influenced by antibiotic use and other factors. Dysbiosis, which develops and persists as a result of earlier antibiotic therapy, changes the composition of the intestinal flora, and can lead to the development of various diseases such as metabolic disorders, obesity, hematological malignancies, neurological or behavioral disorders, and migraine. Metabolites produced by the gut microbiome have been shown to influence the gut-brain axis. The use of probiotics as a dietary supplement may reduce the number and severity of migraine episodes. Dietary strategies can affect the course of migraines and are a valuable tool for improving migraine management. With fecal microbiota transplantation, gut microbial restoration is more effective and more durable. Changes after fecal microbiota transplantation were studied in detail, and many data help us to interpret the successful interventions. The microbiological alteration of the gut microflora can lead to normalization of the inflammatory mediators, the serotonin pathway, and influence the frequency and intensity of migraine pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ágnes Kappéter
- 1st Department of Internal Medicine, Department of Infectology, University of Pecs Clinical Centre, H7623 Pécs, Hungary; (Á.K.); (D.S.); (S.V.); (B.H.-K.)
| | - Dávid Sipos
- 1st Department of Internal Medicine, Department of Infectology, University of Pecs Clinical Centre, H7623 Pécs, Hungary; (Á.K.); (D.S.); (S.V.); (B.H.-K.)
| | - Adorján Varga
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Pecs Clinical Centre, H7624 Pécs, Hungary;
| | - Szabolcs Vigvári
- 1st Department of Internal Medicine, Department of Infectology, University of Pecs Clinical Centre, H7623 Pécs, Hungary; (Á.K.); (D.S.); (S.V.); (B.H.-K.)
| | - Bernadett Halda-Kiss
- 1st Department of Internal Medicine, Department of Infectology, University of Pecs Clinical Centre, H7623 Pécs, Hungary; (Á.K.); (D.S.); (S.V.); (B.H.-K.)
| | - Zoltán Péterfi
- 1st Department of Internal Medicine, Department of Infectology, University of Pecs Clinical Centre, H7623 Pécs, Hungary; (Á.K.); (D.S.); (S.V.); (B.H.-K.)
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Pei Y, Wang R, Chen W, Yi S, Huang C, Liang S, Cao H, Xu Y, Tan B. Impaired colonic motility in high-glycemic diet-induced diabetic mice is associated with disrupted gut microbiota and neuromuscular function. Endocr Connect 2023; 12:e230078. [PMID: 37399524 PMCID: PMC10448599 DOI: 10.1530/ec-23-0078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2023]
Abstract
Background Similar to the high-fat diet (HFD), the high-glycemic diet (HGD) contributes to the development and progression of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, the effect of HGD on gastrointestinal motility in T2DM and its underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Methods Thirty C57BL/6J mice were randomly designated into the normal-feeding diet (NFD) group, HFD group, and HGD group. The plasma glucose, plasma insulin, and gastrointestinal motility were examined. Meanwhile, the tension of isolated colonic smooth muscle rings was calculated, and the gut microbiota was analyzed by 16s rDNA high-throughput sequencing. Result After 16 weeks of HGD feeding, obesity, hyperglycemia, insulin resistance, and constipation were observed in HGD mice. Autonomic contraction frequency of the colonic neuromuscular system and electrical field stimulation-induced contractions were reduced in HGD mice. On the contrary, neuronal nitric oxide synthase activity and neuromuscular relaxation were found to be enhanced. Finally, gut microbiota analysis revealed that Rhodospirillaceae abundance significantly increased at the family level in HGD mice. At the genus level, the abundance of Insolitispirillum increased remarkably, whereas Turicibacter abundance decreased significantly in HGD mice. Conclusion HGD induced constipation in obese diabetic mice, which we speculated that it may be related to neuromuscular dysmotility and intestinal microbiota dysbiosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Pei
- Research Centre of Basic Integrative Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Rui Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wanyu Chen
- Research Centre of Basic Integrative Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shulin Yi
- Research Centre of Basic Integrative Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chen Huang
- Research Centre of Basic Integrative Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shaochan Liang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hongying Cao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yifei Xu
- Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Bo Tan
- Research Centre of Basic Integrative Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
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Yang N, Lan T, Han Y, Zhao H, Wang C, Xu Z, Chen Z, Tao M, Li H, Song Y, Ma X. Tributyrin alleviates gut microbiota dysbiosis to repair intestinal damage in antibiotic-treated mice. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0289364. [PMID: 37523400 PMCID: PMC10389721 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0289364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Tributyrin (TB) is a butyric acid precursor and has a key role in anti-inflammatory and intestinal barrier repair effects by slowly releasing butyric acid. However, its roles in gut microbiota disorder caused by antibiotics remain unclear. Herein, we established an intestinal microbiota disorder model using ceftriaxone sodium via gavage to investigate the effects of different TB doses for restoring gut microbiota and intestinal injury. First, we divided C57BL/6 male mice into two groups: control (NC, n = 8) and experimental (ABx, n = 24) groups, receiving gavage with 0.2 mL normal saline and 400 mg/mL ceftriaxone sodium solution for 7 d (twice a day and the intermediate interval was 6 h), respectively. Then, mice in the ABx group were randomly split into three groups: model (M, 0.2 mL normal saline), low TB group (TL, 0.3 g/kg BW), and high TB group (TH, 3 g/kg BW) for 11 d. We found that TB supplementation alleviated antibiotics-induced weight loss, diarrhea, and intestinal tissue damage. The 16S rRNA sequence analysis showed that TB intervention increased the α diversity of intestinal flora, increased potential short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs)-producing bacteria (such as Muribaculaceae and Bifidobacterium), and inhibited the relative abundance of potentially pathogenic bacteria (such as Bacteroidetes and Enterococcus) compared to the M group. TB supplementation reversed the reduction in SCFAs production in antibiotic-treated mice. Additionally, TB downregulated the levels of serum LPS and zonulin, TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β and NLRP3 inflammasome-related factors in intestinal tissue and upregulated tight junction proteins (such as ZO-1 and Occludin) and MUC2. Overall, the adjustment ability of low-dose TB to the above indexes was stronger than high-dose TB. In conclusion, TB can restore the dysbiosis of gut microbiota, increase SCFAs, suppress inflammation, and ameliorate antibiotic-induced intestinal damage, indicating that TB might be a potential gut microbiota modulator.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Yang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Tongtong Lan
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yisa Han
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Haifeng Zhao
- Qingdao Institute of Food and Drug Control, Key Laboratory of Quality Research and Evaluation of Marine Traditional Chinese Medicine, State Medical Products Administration, Qingdao, China
| | - Chuhui Wang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Zhen Xu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Zhao Chen
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Meng Tao
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Hui Li
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yang Song
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xuezhen Ma
- The Affiliated Qingdao Central Hospital of Qingdao University, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Medical College of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
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Chatterjee K, Mazumder PM, Sarkar SR, Saha R, Chatterjee A, Sarkar B, Banerjee S. Neuroprotective effect of Vitamin K2 against gut dysbiosis associated cognitive decline. Physiol Behav 2023:114252. [PMID: 37257737 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2023.114252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Vitamin K2/ Menaquinones produced predominantly by the gut microbiome improve bone health and prevent coronary calcification. The central nervous system has been linked with gut microbiota via the gut-brain axis and is strongly associated with psychiatric conditions. In the present study, we show the role of Vitamin K2 (MK-7) in gut dysbiosis-associated cognitive decline. Gut dysbiosis was induced in mice by administering Ampicillin (250 mg/kg twice a day orally) for 14 days and Vitamin K2 (0.05 mg/kg) for 21 days with or without antibiotic treatment and altered gene expression profile of intestinal microbes determined. This was followed by behavioural studies to determine cognitive changes. The behavioural observations are then correlated with proinflammatory, oxidative, and brain and intestinal histopathological changes in antibiotic-treated animals with or without vitamin K2 administration. With the use of antibiotics, Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, Firmicutes, and Clostridium's relative abundance reduced. When vitamin K2 was added to the medication, their levels were restored. Cognitive impairment was observed in behavioural trials in the antibiotic group, but this drop was restored in mice given both an antibiotic and vitamin K. Myeloperoxidase levels in the colon and brain increased due to gut dysbiosis, which vitamin K2 prevented. The acetylcholine esterase and oxidative stress markers brought on by antibiotics were also decreased by vitamin K2. Additionally, vitamin K2 guarded against alterations in intestine ultrastructure brought on by antibiotic use and preserved hippocampus neurons. So, it can be concluded that vitamin K2 improved cognitive skills, avoided hippocampus neuronal damage from antibiotics, and lowered intestine and brain inflammation and oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaberi Chatterjee
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Ranchi
| | - Papiya Mitra Mazumder
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Ranchi
| | - Suparna Roy Sarkar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Ranchi
| | - Rajdeep Saha
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Ranchi
| | - Amrita Chatterjee
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Ranchi
| | - Biswatrish Sarkar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Ranchi
| | - Sugato Banerjee
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Kolkata.
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Wang F, Li N, Ni S, Min Y, Wei K, Sun H, Fu Y, Liu Y, Lv D. The Effects of Specific Gut Microbiota and Metabolites on IgA Nephropathy-Based on Mendelian Randomization and Clinical Validation. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15102407. [PMID: 37242290 DOI: 10.3390/nu15102407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although recent research suggests that alterations in gut microbiota and metabolites play a critical role in the pathophysiology of immunoglobulin A nephropathy (IgAN), the causal relationship between specific intestinal flora and metabolites and the risk of IgAN remains unclear. METHOD This study employed Mendelian randomization (MR) to investigate the causal association between gut microbiota and IgAN. To explore potential associations between gut microbiota and various outcomes, four MR methods were applied: inverse variance weighted (IVW), MR-Egger, weighted median, and weighted mode. If the results of the four methods are inconclusive, we prefer the IVW as the primary outcome. Additionally, MR-Egger, MR-PRESSO-Global, and Cochrane's Q tests were used to detect heterogeneity and pleiotropy. The stability of MR findings was assessed using the leave-one-out approach, and the strength of the causal relationship between exposure and outcome was tested using Bonferroni correction. Additional clinical samples were utilized to validate the results of Mendelian randomization, and the outcomes were visualized through an ROC curve, confusion matrix, and correlation analysis. RESULT This study examined a total of 15 metabolites and 211 microorganisms. Among them, eight bacteria and one metabolite were found to be associated with the risk of IgAN (p < 0.05). The Bonferroni-corrected test reveals that only Class. Actinobacteria (OR: 1.20, 95% CI: 1.07-1.36, p = 0.0029) have a significant causal relationship with IgAN. According to Cochrane's Q test, there is no substantial heterogeneity across different single-nucleotide polymorphisms (p > 0.05). Furthermore, MR-Egger and MR-PRESSO-Global tests (p > 0.05) showed no evidence of pleiotropy. No reverse causal association was found between the risk of IgAN and microbiota or metabolites (p > 0.05). Clinical specimens demonstrated the effectiveness and accuracy of Actinobacteria in distinguishing IgAN patients from those with other glomerular diseases (AUC = 0.9, 95% CI: 0.78-1.00). Additionally, our correlation analysis revealed a potential association between Actinobacteria abundance and increased albuminuria (r = 0.85) and poorer prognosis in IgAN patients (p = 0.01). CONCLUSION Through MR analysis, we established a causal link between Actinobacteria and the incidence of IgAN. Moreover, clinical validation using fecal samples indicated that Actinobacteria might be associated with the onset and poorer prognosis of IgAN. This finding could provide valuable biomarkers for early, noninvasive detection of the disease and potential therapeutic targets in IgAN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Wang
- Institute of Nephrology, Liyang Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Liyang 213300, China
- Jiangsu Province Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210000, China
| | - Ning Li
- Institute of Nephrology, Southeast University School of Medicine, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Siming Ni
- Jiangsu Province Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210000, China
| | - Yu Min
- Department of Biotherapy and National Clinical Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Kang Wei
- Yangzhou People's Hospital, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225000, China
| | - Hongbin Sun
- Jiangsu Province Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210000, China
| | - Yuqi Fu
- Institute of Nephrology, Southeast University School of Medicine, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Yalan Liu
- Jiangsu Province Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210000, China
| | - Dan Lv
- Institute of Nephrology, Liyang Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Liyang 213300, China
- Jiangsu Province Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210000, China
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21
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Mir HD, Giorgini G, Di Marzo V. The emerging role of the endocannabinoidome-gut microbiome axis in eating disorders. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2023; 154:106295. [PMID: 37229916 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2023.106295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 05/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Among the sources of chemical signals regulating food intake, energy metabolism and body weight, few have attracted recently as much attention as the expanded endocannabinoid system, or endocannabinoidome (eCBome), and the gut microbiome, the two systems on which this review article is focussed. Therefore, it is legitimate to expect that these two systems also play a major role in the etiopathology of eating disorders (EDs), in particular of anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa and binge-eating disorder. The major mechanisms through which, also via interactions with other endogenous signaling systems, the eCBome, with its several lipid mediators and receptors, and the gut microbiome, via its variety of microbial kingdoms, phyla and species, and armamentarium of metabolites, intervene in these disorders, are described here, based on several published studies in either experimental models or patients. Additionally, in view of the emerging multi-faceted cross-talk mechanisms between these two complex systems, we discuss the possibility that the eCBome-gut microbiome axis is also involved in EDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hayatte-Dounia Mir
- Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Pneumologie et Cardiologie (CRIUCPQ), Université Laval, Québec, Canada; Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine (FMED), Université Laval, Québec, Canada; Canada Excellence Research Chair on the Microbiome-Endocannabinoidome Axis in Metabolic Health (CERC-MEND), Université Laval, Québec, Canada
| | - Giada Giorgini
- Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Pneumologie et Cardiologie (CRIUCPQ), Université Laval, Québec, Canada; Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine (FMED), Université Laval, Québec, Canada; Unité Mixte Internationale en Recherche Chimique et Biomoléculaire sur le Microbiome et son Impact sur la Santé Métabolique et la Nutrition (UMI-MicroMeNu) entre l'Université Laval, Québec, Canada, et le Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry (ICB-CNR), Pozzuoli, Italy; Canada Excellence Research Chair on the Microbiome-Endocannabinoidome Axis in Metabolic Health (CERC-MEND), Université Laval, Québec, Canada
| | - Vincenzo Di Marzo
- Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Pneumologie et Cardiologie (CRIUCPQ), Université Laval, Québec, Canada; Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine (FMED), Université Laval, Québec, Canada; Unité Mixte Internationale en Recherche Chimique et Biomoléculaire sur le Microbiome et son Impact sur la Santé Métabolique et la Nutrition (UMI-MicroMeNu) entre l'Université Laval, Québec, Canada, et le Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry (ICB-CNR), Pozzuoli, Italy; Centre Nutrition, Santé et Société (NUTRISS), Université Laval, Québec, Canada; Institut sur la nutrition et les aliments fonctionnels (INAF), Université Laval, Québec, Canada; École de nutrition, Faculté des Sciences de l'agriculture et de l'alimentation (FSAA), Université Laval, Québec, Canada; Canada Excellence Research Chair on the Microbiome-Endocannabinoidome Axis in Metabolic Health (CERC-MEND), Université Laval, Québec, Canada.
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22
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Yang J, Wang L, Mei M, Guo J, Yang X, Liu S. Electroacupuncture repairs intestinal barrier by upregulating CB1 through gut microbiota in DSS-induced acute colitis. Chin Med 2023; 18:24. [PMID: 36894930 PMCID: PMC9999655 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-023-00733-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/05/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A few studies have reported that electroacupuncture (EA) can repair the intestinal barrier through unknown mechanisms. Cannabinoid receptor 1 (CB1) was shown to play an important role in the protection of the gut barrier in recent studies. Gut microbiota can influence the expression of CB1. In this study, we explored the effect of EA on the gut barrier in acute colitis and its mechanism. METHODS A dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced acute colitis model, CB1 antagonist model and fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) model were used in this study. The disease activity index (DAI) score, colon length, histological score, and inflammatory factors were detected to evaluate colonic inflammation. Methods for detecting intestinal barrier functions included the expression of tight junction proteins, intestinal permeability, and the number of goblet cells. Moreover, 16S rRNA sequencing was applied to analyze alterations in the gut microbiota. Western blotting and RT-PCR were performed to assess the levels of CB1 and autophagy-related proteins. Autophagosomes were observed by transmission electron microscopy. RESULTS EA reduced the DAI score, histological score, levels of inflammatory factors, and restored the colon length. Moreover, EA increased the expression of tight junction proteins and the number of goblet cells, and decreased intestinal permeability. In addition, EA remodeled the community structure of the gut microbiota, increased the expression of CB1, and enhanced the degree of autophagy. However, the therapeutic effects were reversed by CB1 antagonists. In addition, FMT in the EA group exhibited similar effects to EA and upregulated CB1. CONCLUSIONS We concluded that EA may protect intestinal barrier functions by increasing the expression of CB1 to enhance autophagy through gut microbiota in DSS-induced acute colitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingze Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Lingli Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Minhui Mei
- Department of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Jinlu Guo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Xin Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Shi Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.
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Du Y, Cheng T, Liu C, Zhu T, Guo C, Li S, Rao X, Li J. IgA Nephropathy: Current Understanding and Perspectives on Pathogenesis and Targeted Treatment. Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 13:diagnostics13020303. [PMID: 36673113 PMCID: PMC9857562 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13020303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Immunoglobulin A nephropathy (IgAN) is the most common primary glomerulonephritis worldwide, with varied clinical and histopathological features between individuals, particularly across races. As an autoimmune disease, IgAN arises from consequences of increased circulating levels of galactose-deficient IgA1 and mesangial deposition of IgA-containing immune complexes, which are recognized as key events in the widely accepted "multi-hit" pathogenesis of IgAN. The emerging evidence further provides insights into the role of genes, environment, mucosal immunity and complement system. These developments are paralleled by the increasing availability of diagnostic tools, potential biomarkers and therapeutic agents. In this review, we summarize current evidence and outline novel findings in the prognosis, clinical trials and translational research from the updated perspectives of IgAN pathogenesis.
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The Local Activation of Toll-like Receptor 7 (TLR7) Modulates Colonic Epithelial Barrier Function in Rats. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24021254. [PMID: 36674770 PMCID: PMC9865626 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24021254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Revised: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Toll-like receptors (TLRs)-mediated host-bacterial interactions participate in the microbial regulation of gastrointestinal functions, including the epithelial barrier function (EBF). We evaluated the effects of TLR7 stimulation on the colonic EBF in rats. TLR7 was stimulated with the selective agonist imiquimod (100/300 µg/rat, intracolonic), with or without the intracolonic administration of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO). Colonic EBF was assessed in vitro (electrophysiology and permeability to macromolecules, Ussing chamber) and in vivo (passage of macromolecules to blood and urine). Changes in the expression (RT-qPCR) and distribution (immunohistochemistry) of tight junction-related proteins were determined. Expression of proglucagon, precursor of the barrier-enhancer factor glucagon-like peptide 2 (GLP-2) was also assessed (RT-qPCR). Intracolonic imiquimod enhanced the EBF in vitro, reducing the epithelial conductance and the passage of macromolecules, thus indicating a pro-barrier effect of TLR7. However, the combination of TLR7 stimulation and DMSO had a detrimental effect on the EBF, which manifested as an increased passage of macromolecules. DMSO alone had no effect. The modulation of the EBF (imiquimod alone or with DMSO) was not associated with changes in gene expression or the epithelial distribution of the main tight junction-related proteins (occludin, tricellulin, claudin-2, claudin-3, junctional adhesion molecule 1 and Zonula occludens-1). No changes in the proglucagon expression were observed. These results show that TLR7 stimulation leads to the modulation of the colonic EBF, having beneficial or detrimental effects depending upon the state of the epithelium. The underlying mechanisms remain elusive, but seem independent of the modulation of the main tight junction-related proteins or the barrier-enhancer factor GLP-2.
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Brierley SM, Greenwood-Van Meerveld B, Sarnelli G, Sharkey KA, Storr M, Tack J. Targeting the endocannabinoid system for the treatment of abdominal pain in irritable bowel syndrome. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 2023; 20:5-25. [PMID: 36168049 DOI: 10.1038/s41575-022-00682-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The management of visceral pain in patients with disorders of gut-brain interaction, notably irritable bowel syndrome, presents a considerable clinical challenge, with few available treatment options. Patients are increasingly using cannabis and cannabinoids to control abdominal pain. Cannabis acts on receptors of the endocannabinoid system, an endogenous system of lipid mediators that regulates gastrointestinal function and pain processing pathways in health and disease. The endocannabinoid system represents a logical molecular therapeutic target for the treatment of pain in irritable bowel syndrome. Here, we review the physiological and pathophysiological functions of the endocannabinoid system with a focus on the peripheral and central regulation of gastrointestinal function and visceral nociception. We address the use of cannabinoids in pain management, comparing them to other treatment modalities, including opioids and neuromodulators. Finally, we discuss emerging therapeutic candidates targeting the endocannabinoid system for the treatment of pain in irritable bowel syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stuart M Brierley
- Visceral Pain Research Group, College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders Health and Medical Research Institute, Flinders University, Bedford Park, South Australia, Australia.,Hopwood Centre for Neurobiology, Lifelong Health, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, North Terrace, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | | | - Giovanni Sarnelli
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Keith A Sharkey
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada. .,Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada. .,Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
| | - Martin Storr
- Department of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians University, Munich, Germany.,Zentrum für Endoskopie, Starnberg, Germany
| | - Jan Tack
- Translational Research Center for Gastrointestinal Disorders, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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Pujo J, De Palma G, Lu J, Galipeau HJ, Surette MG, Collins SM, Bercik P. Gut microbiota modulates visceral sensitivity through calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) production. Gut Microbes 2023; 15:2188874. [PMID: 36939195 PMCID: PMC10038053 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2023.2188874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Abdominal pain is common in patients with gastrointestinal disorders, but its pathophysiology is unclear, in part due to poor understanding of basic mechanisms underlying visceral sensitivity. Accumulating evidence suggests that gut microbiota is an important determinant of visceral sensitivity. Clinical and basic research studies also show that sex plays a role in pain perception, although the precise pathways are not elucidated. We investigated pain responses in germ-free and conventionally raised mice of both sexes, and assessed visceral sensitivity to colorectal distension, neuronal excitability of dorsal root ganglia (DRG) neurons and the production of substance P and calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) in response to capsaicin or a mixture of G-protein coupled receptor (GPCR) agonists. Germ-free mice displayed greater in vivo responses to colonic distention than conventional mice, with no differences between males and females. Pretreatment with intracolonic capsaicin or GPCR agonists increased responses in conventional, but not in germ-free mice. In DRG neurons, gut microbiota and sex had no effect on neuronal activation by capsaicin or GPCR agonists. While stimulated production of substance P by DRG neurons was similar in germ-free and conventional mice, with no additional effect of sex, the CGRP production was higher in germ-free mice, mainly in females. Absence of gut microbiota increases visceral sensitivity to colorectal distention in both male and female mice. This is, at least in part, due to increased production of CGRP by DRG neurons, which is mainly evident in female mice. However, central mechanisms are also likely involved in this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julien Pujo
- Farncombe Family Digestive Health Research Institute, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Giada De Palma
- Farncombe Family Digestive Health Research Institute, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Jun Lu
- Farncombe Family Digestive Health Research Institute, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Heather J Galipeau
- Farncombe Family Digestive Health Research Institute, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Michael G Surette
- Farncombe Family Digestive Health Research Institute, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Stephen M Collins
- Farncombe Family Digestive Health Research Institute, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Premysl Bercik
- Farncombe Family Digestive Health Research Institute, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
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Short-Chain Fatty Acids as Bacterial Enterocytes and Therapeutic Target in Diabetes Mellitus Type 2. Biomedicines 2022; 11:biomedicines11010072. [PMID: 36672580 PMCID: PMC9855839 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11010072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 12/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a disease with multiple gastrointestinal symptoms (diarrhea or constipation, abdominal pain, bloating) whose pathogenesis is multifactorial. The most important of these factors is the enteric nervous system, also known as the "second brain"; a part of the peripheral nervous system capable of functioning independently of the central nervous system. Modulation of the enteric nervous system can be done by short-chain fatty acids, which are bacterial metabolites of the intestinal microbiota. In addition, these acids provide multiple benefits in diabetes, particularly by stimulating glucagon-like peptide 1 and insulin secretion. However, it is not clear what type of nutraceuticals (probiotics, prebiotics, and alimentary supplements) can be used to increase the amount of short-chain fatty acids and achieve the beneficial effects in diabetes. Thus, even if several studies demonstrate that the gut microbiota modulates the activity of the ENS, and thus, may have a positive effect in diabetes, further studies are needed to underline this effect. This review outlines the most recent data regarding the involvement of SCFAs as a disease modifying agent in diabetes mellitus type 2. For an in-depth understanding of the modulation of gut dysbiosis with SCFAs in diabetes, we provide an overview of the interplay between gut microbiota and ENS.
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Mao M, Zhou Y, Jiao Y, Yin S, Cheung C, Yu W, Gao P, Yang L. Bibliometric and visual analysis of research on the links between the gut microbiota and pain from 2002 to 2021. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:975376. [PMID: 36457577 PMCID: PMC9705792 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.975376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 08/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS The gut microbiota is involved in the regulation of pain, which is proved by plenty of evidence. Although a substantial quantity of research on the link between the gut microbiota and pain has emerged, no study has focused on the bibliometric analysis of this topic. We aim to present a bibliometric review of publications over the past 20 years and predict research hot spots. METHODS Relevant publications between 2002 and 2021 were extracted from the Science Citation Index-Expanded (SCI-EXPANDED) of the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC) database on April 22, 2022. CiteSpace (version 5.8 R3c), VOSviewer, the Online Analysis Platform of Literature Metrology, and the R package bibliometrix were used to analyze and visualize. RESULTS A total of 233 articles have been published between 2002 and 2021. The number of publication outputs increased rapidly since 2016. The collaboration network revealed that the USA, Baylor College of Medicine, and Vassilia Theodorou were the most influential country, institute, and scholar, respectively. Alimentary pharmacology and therapeutics and Gut were the most co-cited journal and Neurogastroenterology and Motility was the most productive journal. Visceral sensitivity, fibromyalgia, gastrointestinal, chronic pain, stress, gut microbiome, LGG, brain-gut axis, SLAB51, and sequencing were the top 10 clusters in co-occurrence cluster analysis. Keyword burst detection indicated that the brain-gut axis and short-chain fatty acid were the current research hot spots. CONCLUSION Research on the links between the gut microbiota and pain has increased rapidly since 2016. The current research focused on the brain-gut axis and short-chain fatty acid. Accordingly, the SCFAs-mediated mechanism of pain regulation will be a research direction of great importance on the links between the gut microbiota and pain. This study provided instructive assistance to direct future research efforts on the links between the gut microbiota and pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Menghan Mao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanyu Zhou
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yingfu Jiao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Suqing Yin
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Chiwai Cheung
- Department of Anesthesiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Weifeng Yu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Po Gao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Liqun Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Bai Y, Ma K, Li J, Ren Z, Zhang J, Shan A. Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG ameliorates DON-induced intestinal damage depending on the enrichment of beneficial bacteria in weaned piglets. J Anim Sci Biotechnol 2022; 13:90. [PMID: 35962456 PMCID: PMC9375241 DOI: 10.1186/s40104-022-00737-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Deoxynivalenol (DON) is one of the most common environmental pollutants that induces intestinal inflammation and microbiota dysbiosis. Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) is a probiotic that not only has anti-inflammatory effects, but also shows protective effect on the intestinal barrier. However, it is still unknown whether LGG exerts beneficial effects against DON-induced intestinal damage in piglets. In this work, a total of 36 weaned piglets were randomized to one of four treatment groups for 21 d. The treatment groups were CON (basal diet); LGG (basal diet supplemented with 1.77 × 1011 CFU/kg LGG); DON (DON-contaminated diet) and LGG + DON (DON-contaminated diet supplemented with 1.77 × 1011 CFU/kg LGG). RESULT Supplementation of LGG can enhance growth performance of piglets exposed to DON by improving intestinal barrier function. LGG has a mitigating effect on intestinal inflammation induced by DON exposure, largely through repression of the TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway. Furthermore, supplementation of LGG increased the relative abundances of beneficial bacteria (e.g., Collinsella, Lactobacillus, Ruminococcus_torques_group and Anaerofustis), and decreased the relative abundances of harmful bacteria (e.g., Parabacteroides and Ruminiclostridium_6), and also promoted the production of SCFAs. CONCLUSIONS LGG ameliorates DON-induced intestinal damage, which may provide theoretical support for the application of LGG to alleviate the adverse effects induced by DON exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongsong Bai
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, P. R. China
| | - Kaidi Ma
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, P. R. China
| | - Jibo Li
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, P. R. China
| | - Zhongshuai Ren
- College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, Changchun, 130062, P. R. China
| | - Jing Zhang
- College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, Changchun, 130062, P. R. China.
| | - Anshan Shan
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, P. R. China.
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30
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Dynamics of the Gut Microbiome and Transcriptome in Korea Native Ricefish (Oryzias latipes) during Chronic Antibiotic Exposure. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13071243. [PMID: 35886026 PMCID: PMC9322331 DOI: 10.3390/genes13071243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Revised: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Antibiotics have been widely used to inhibit microbial growth and to control bacterial infection; however, they can trigger an imbalance in the gut flora of the host and dysregulate the host gene regulatory system when discharged into the aquatic environment. We investigated the effects of chronic exposure to a low concentration of erythromycin and ampicillin, focusing on gut microbiome and global gene expression profiles from Korea native ricefish (Oryzias latipes). The proportion of Proteobacteria (especially the opportunistic pathogen Aeromonas veronii) was significantly increased in the ricefish under the chronic exposure to erythromycin and ampicillin, whereas that of other bacterial phyla (i.e., Fusobacteria) decreased. In addition, the expression of genes involved in immune responses such as chemokines and immunocyte chemotaxis was significantly influenced in ricefish in the aquatic environment with antibiotics present. These results show that the internal microbial flora and the host gene expression are susceptible even at a low concentration of chronic antibiotics in the environment, supporting the importance of the appropriate use of antibiotic dose to maintain the sustainable and healthy aquaculture industry and water ecosystem.
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31
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Cuddihey H, MacNaughton WK, Sharkey KA. Role of the Endocannabinoid System in the Regulation of Intestinal Homeostasis. Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol 2022; 14:947-963. [PMID: 35750314 PMCID: PMC9500439 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmgh.2022.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Revised: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The maintenance of intestinal homeostasis is fundamentally important to health. Intestinal barrier function and immune regulation are key determinants of intestinal homeostasis and are therefore tightly regulated by a variety of signaling mechanisms. The endocannabinoid system is a lipid mediator signaling system widely expressed in the gastrointestinal tract. Accumulating evidence suggests the endocannabinoid system is a critical nexus involved in the physiological processes that underlie the control of intestinal homeostasis. In this review we will illustrate how the endocannabinoid system is involved in regulation of intestinal permeability, fluid secretion, and immune regulation. We will also demonstrate a reciprocal regulation between the endocannabinoid system and the gut microbiome. The role of the endocannabinoid system is complex and multifaceted, responding to both internal and external factors while also serving as an effector system for the maintenance of intestinal homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hailey Cuddihey
- Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada,Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada,Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Wallace K. MacNaughton
- Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada,Alberta Children’s Hospital Research Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada,Inflammation Research Network, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada,Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Keith A. Sharkey
- Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada,Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada,Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada,Correspondence Address correspondence to: Keith Sharkey, PhD, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, 3330 Hospital Drive NW, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada.
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32
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Mahoney DE, Chalise P, Rahman F, Pierce JD. Influences of Gastrointestinal Microbiota Dysbiosis on Serum Proinflammatory Markers in Epithelial Ovarian Cancer Development and Progression. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:3022. [PMID: 35740687 PMCID: PMC9220985 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14123022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Revised: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
GI microbiota has been implicated in producing the inflammatory tumor microenvironment of several cancers. Women with ovarian cancer often report GI-related symptoms at diagnosis although minimal is known about the possible GI bacteria that may trigger pro-tumorigenic immune responses in early EOC. The purpose of this study was to investigate the influences of GI microbiota dysbiosis on serum inflammatory markers during EOC utilizing a rodent model. This experimental design consisted of C57BL/6 mice randomly assigned to either the microbiota dysbiosis group (n = 6) or control group (n = 5). The CD7BL/6 mice assigned to the microbiota dysbiosis group were administered a mixture of broad-spectrum antibiotics (bacitracin and neomycin) for 2 weeks. Both groups were injected intraperitoneally with mouse ovarian epithelial cells that induce ovarian tumorigenesis. Levels of C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) were assessed in the serum, and the composition of the GI microbiota in fecal samples was measured using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Overall CRP serum levels were significantly lower and TNFα levels were significantly higher in the microbiota dysbiosis group compared to the control group. The abundances of microbiota that correlated with CRP serum levels in the combined groups were genus Parabacteroides, Roseburia, and Emergencia and species Ruminococcus faecis, Parabacteroides distasonis, Roseburia Faecis, and Emergencia timonensis. This study provides evidence to support for further investigation of the GI microbial profiles in patients at risk of EOC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diane E. Mahoney
- School of Nursing, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA;
| | - Prabhakar Chalise
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA;
| | - Faith Rahman
- Clinical Trials Clinical Operations, University of Kansas Cancer Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA;
| | - Janet D. Pierce
- School of Nursing, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA;
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33
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Srivastava RK, Lutz B, Ruiz de Azua I. The Microbiome and Gut Endocannabinoid System in the Regulation of Stress Responses and Metabolism. Front Cell Neurosci 2022; 16:867267. [PMID: 35634468 PMCID: PMC9130962 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2022.867267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The endocannabinoid system, with its receptors and ligands, is present in the gut epithelium and enteroendocrine cells, and is able to modulate brain functions, both indirectly through circulating gut-derived factors and directly through the vagus nerve, finally acting on the brain’s mechanisms regarding metabolism and behavior. The gut endocannabinoid system also regulates gut motility, permeability, and inflammatory responses. Furthermore, microbiota composition has been shown to influence the activity of the endocannabinoid system. This review examines the interaction between microbiota, intestinal endocannabinoid system, metabolism, and stress responses. We hypothesize that the crosstalk between microbiota and intestinal endocannabinoid system has a prominent role in stress-induced changes in the gut-brain axis affecting metabolic and mental health. Inter-individual differences are commonly observed in stress responses, but mechanisms underlying resilience and vulnerability to stress are far from understood. Both gut microbiota and the endocannabinoid system have been implicated in stress resilience. We also discuss interventions targeting the microbiota and the endocannabinoid system to mitigate metabolic and stress-related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raj Kamal Srivastava
- Department of Zoology, Indira Gandhi National Tribal University, Anuppur, India
- *Correspondence: Raj Kamal Srivastava,
| | - Beat Lutz
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- Leibniz Institute for Resilience Research (LIR), Mainz, Germany
| | - Inigo Ruiz de Azua
- Leibniz Institute for Resilience Research (LIR), Mainz, Germany
- Inigo Ruiz de Azua,
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34
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Ruiz MJ, Sirini NE, Signorini ML, Etcheverría A, Zbrun MV, Soto LP, Zimmermann JA, Frizzo LS. Protective effect of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum LP5 in a murine model of colonisation by Campylobacter coli DSPV458. Benef Microbes 2021; 12:553-565. [PMID: 34590533 DOI: 10.3920/bm2021.0010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Thermotolerant Campylobacter species are the leading cause of foodborne bacterial diarrheal disease worldwide. Campylobacter coli, abundant in pigs and pork products, have been identified as a source of human infection. In this study, we propose the use of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum LP5 as a probiotic to reduce colonisation of this intestinal pathogen in a murine colonisation model of C. coli DSPV458. Six-week-old adult female Balb/cCmedc mice were housed in groups: Control, Campy and Pro-Campy. Control and Pro-Campy groups received antibiotics for 5 days and the Campy group for 12 days. Pro-Campy group was inoculated for 7 days with 8.78 log10 cfu total of L. plantarum LP5 suspended in De Man, Rogosa and Sharpe broth. All groups were inoculated with 6.72 log10 cfu of C. coli DSPV458 suspended in brain heart infusion broth. L. plantarum LP5 was recovered only in the Pro- Campy group. C. coli DSPV458 was recovered at higher levels in the Control and Campy groups. The differences with the Pro-Campy group were significant. As regards faeces, Control and Campy groups reached 7.41 and 7.84 log10 cfu/g, respectively, and the Pro-Campy group only 4.62 log10 cfu/g. In the caecum, Control and Campy groups reached 8.01 and 9.26 log10cfu/g, respectively, and the Pro-Campy group only 4.51 log10 cfu/g. In the ileum, Control and Campy groups reached 3.43 and 3.26 log10 cfu/g, respectively, and the Pro-Campy group did not show detectable levels. The reduction of C. coli DSPV458 in the Pro-Campy group compared to the Control group in faeces, caecum and ileum was 99.55, 99.98 and 100%, respectively. Animals were maintained under normal health conditions, and haematological parameters were within the standard values for Balb/cCmedc. The incorporation of a probiotic generated a protective effect in the mice colonisation model. The protective effect would also apply to intestinal colonisation by indigenous enterobacteria. Therefore, the strategy used in this study is of great importance to understand the protection mechanisms in a murine model, as well as its application in food-producing animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- M J Ruiz
- Laboratory of Food Analysis 'Rodolfo Oscar Dalla Santina', Institute of Veterinary Science (ICiVet Litoral), National University of the Litoral - National Council of Scientific and Technical Research (UNL/CONICET), Kreder 2805, 3080 Esperanza, Province of Santa Fe, Argentina.,Department of Animal Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, National University of the Center of the Province of Buenos Aires, Tandil, Argentina
| | - N E Sirini
- Laboratory of Food Analysis 'Rodolfo Oscar Dalla Santina', Institute of Veterinary Science (ICiVet Litoral), National University of the Litoral - National Council of Scientific and Technical Research (UNL/CONICET), Kreder 2805, 3080 Esperanza, Province of Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - M L Signorini
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Litoral National University, Kreder 2805, 3080 Esperanza, Province of Santa Fe, Argentina.,National Council of Scientific and Technical Research, National Institute of Agricultural Technology EEA Rafaela, Ruta 34 Km 227, 2300 Rafaela, Province of Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - A Etcheverría
- Department of Animal Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, National University of the Center of the Province of Buenos Aires, Tandil, Argentina
| | - M V Zbrun
- Laboratory of Food Analysis 'Rodolfo Oscar Dalla Santina', Institute of Veterinary Science (ICiVet Litoral), National University of the Litoral - National Council of Scientific and Technical Research (UNL/CONICET), Kreder 2805, 3080 Esperanza, Province of Santa Fe, Argentina.,Department of Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Litoral National University, Kreder 2805, 3080 Esperanza, Province of Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - L P Soto
- Laboratory of Food Analysis 'Rodolfo Oscar Dalla Santina', Institute of Veterinary Science (ICiVet Litoral), National University of the Litoral - National Council of Scientific and Technical Research (UNL/CONICET), Kreder 2805, 3080 Esperanza, Province of Santa Fe, Argentina.,Department of Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Litoral National University, Kreder 2805, 3080 Esperanza, Province of Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - J A Zimmermann
- Laboratory of Food Analysis 'Rodolfo Oscar Dalla Santina', Institute of Veterinary Science (ICiVet Litoral), National University of the Litoral - National Council of Scientific and Technical Research (UNL/CONICET), Kreder 2805, 3080 Esperanza, Province of Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - L S Frizzo
- Laboratory of Food Analysis 'Rodolfo Oscar Dalla Santina', Institute of Veterinary Science (ICiVet Litoral), National University of the Litoral - National Council of Scientific and Technical Research (UNL/CONICET), Kreder 2805, 3080 Esperanza, Province of Santa Fe, Argentina.,Department of Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Litoral National University, Kreder 2805, 3080 Esperanza, Province of Santa Fe, Argentina
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35
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Xu X, Chen R, Zhan G, Wang D, Tan X, Xu H. Enterochromaffin Cells: Sentinels to Gut Microbiota in Hyperalgesia? Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2021; 11:760076. [PMID: 34722345 PMCID: PMC8552036 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.760076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, increasing studies have been conducted on the mechanism of gut microbiota in neuropsychiatric diseases and non-neuropsychiatric diseases. The academic community has also recognized the existence of the microbiota-gut-brain axis. Chronic pain has always been an urgent difficulty for human beings, which often causes anxiety, depression, and other mental symptoms, seriously affecting people's quality of life. Hyperalgesia is one of the main adverse reactions of chronic pain. The mechanism of gut microbiota in hyperalgesia has been extensively studied, providing a new target for pain treatment. Enterochromaffin cells, as the chief sentinel for sensing gut microbiota and its metabolites, can play an important role in the interaction between the gut microbiota and hyperalgesia through paracrine or neural pathways. Therefore, this systematic review describes the role of gut microbiota in the pathological mechanism of hyperalgesia, learns about the role of enterochromaffin cell receptors and secretions in hyperalgesia, and provides a new strategy for pain treatment by targeting enterochromaffin cells through restoring disturbed gut microbiota or supplementing probiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolin Xu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Rongmin Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Gaofeng Zhan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Danning Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xi Tan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Hui Xu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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36
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Takahashi K, Khwaja IG, Schreyer JR, Bulmer D, Peiris M, Terai S, Aziz Q. Post-inflammatory Abdominal Pain in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease During Remission: A Comprehensive Review. CROHN'S & COLITIS 360 2021; 3:otab073. [PMID: 36777266 PMCID: PMC9802269 DOI: 10.1093/crocol/otab073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients with inflammatory bowel disease often experience ongoing pain even after achieving mucosal healing (i.e., post-inflammatory pain). Factors related to the brain-gut axis, such as peripheral and central sensitization, altered sympatho-vagal balance, hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis activation, and psychosocial factors, play a significant role in the development of post-inflammatory pain. A comprehensive study investigating the interaction between multiple predisposing factors, including clinical psycho-physiological phenotypes, molecular mechanisms, and multi-omics data, is still needed to fully understand the complex mechanism of post-inflammatory pain. Furthermore, current treatment options are limited and new treatments consistent with the underlying pathophysiology are needed to improve clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuya Takahashi
- Centre for Neuroscience, Surgery and Trauma, Wingate Institute of Neurogastroenterology, Blizard Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK.,Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
| | - Iman Geelani Khwaja
- Centre for Neuroscience, Surgery and Trauma, Wingate Institute of Neurogastroenterology, Blizard Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Jocelyn Rachel Schreyer
- Centre for Neuroscience, Surgery and Trauma, Wingate Institute of Neurogastroenterology, Blizard Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - David Bulmer
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Madusha Peiris
- Centre for Neuroscience, Surgery and Trauma, Wingate Institute of Neurogastroenterology, Blizard Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Shuji Terai
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
| | - Qasim Aziz
- Centre for Neuroscience, Surgery and Trauma, Wingate Institute of Neurogastroenterology, Blizard Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
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Abstract
Recent decades have demonstrated significant strides in cancer screening, diagnostics and therapeutics. As such there have been dramatic changes in survival following a diagnosis of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew R D Brown
- The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, Fulham Road, London, SW3 6JJ, UK
| | | | - David J Magee
- The Royal Marsden Hospital, Fulham Road, London, SW3 6JJ, UK.
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Chamorro N, Montero DA, Gallardo P, Farfán M, Contreras M, De la Fuente M, Dubois K, Hermoso MA, Quera R, Pizarro-Guajardo M, Paredes-Sabja D, Ginard D, Rosselló-Móra R, Vidal R. Landscapes and bacterial signatures of mucosa-associated intestinal microbiota in Chilean and Spanish patients with inflammatory bowel disease. MICROBIAL CELL (GRAZ, AUSTRIA) 2021; 8:223-238. [PMID: 34527721 PMCID: PMC8404152 DOI: 10.15698/mic2021.09.760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Revised: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs), which include ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD), cause chronic inflammation of the gut, affecting millions of people worldwide. IBDs have been frequently associated with an alteration of the gut microbiota, termed dysbiosis, which is generally characterized by an increase in abundance of Proteobacteria such as Escherichia coli, and a decrease in abundance of Firmicutes such as Faecalibacterium prausnitzii (an indicator of a healthy colonic microbiota). The mechanisms behind the development of IBDs and dysbiosis are incompletely understood. Using samples from colonic biopsies, we studied the mucosa-associated intestinal microbiota in Chilean and Spanish patients with IBD. In agreement with previous studies, microbiome comparison between IBD patients and non-IBD controls indicated that dysbiosis in these patients is characterized by an increase of pro-inflammatory bacteria (mostly Proteobacteria) and a decrease of commensal beneficial bacteria (mostly Firmicutes). Notably, bacteria typically residing on the mucosa of healthy individuals were mostly obligate anaerobes, whereas in the inflamed mucosa an increase of facultative anaerobe and aerobic bacteria was observed. We also identify potential co-occurring and mutually exclusive interactions between bacteria associated with the healthy and inflamed mucosa, which appear to be determined by the oxygen availability and the type of respiration. Finally, we identified a panel of bacterial biomarkers that allow the discrimination between eubiosis from dysbiosis with a high diagnostic performance (96% accurately), which could be used for the development of non-invasive diagnostic methods. Thus, this study is a step forward towards understanding the landscapes and alterations of mucosa-associated intestinal microbiota in patients with IBDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nayaret Chamorro
- Programa de Microbiología y Micología, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Chile
| | - David A. Montero
- Programa de Microbiología y Micología, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Chile
- Programa de Inmunología, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Chile
| | - Pablo Gallardo
- Facultad de Medicina, Departamento de Pediatría y Cirugía Infantil, Campus Oriente-Hospital Dr. Luis Calvo Mackenna, Universidad de Chile, Chile
| | - Mauricio Farfán
- Facultad de Medicina, Departamento de Pediatría y Cirugía Infantil, Campus Oriente-Hospital Dr. Luis Calvo Mackenna, Universidad de Chile, Chile
| | - Mauricio Contreras
- Facultad de Ciencias Básicas, Departamento de Física, Universidad Metropolitana de Ciencias de la Educación, Santiago, Chile
| | - Marjorie De la Fuente
- Programa de Inmunología, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Chile
| | - Karen Dubois
- Programa de Inmunología, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Chile
| | - Marcela A. Hermoso
- Programa de Inmunología, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Chile
| | - Rodrigo Quera
- Programa Enfermedad Inflamatoria Intestinal. Servicio de Gastroenterología, Clínica Las Condes, Santiago, Chile
- Gastroenterología, Clínica Universidad de Los Andes, Santiago, Chile
| | - Marjorie Pizarro-Guajardo
- Microbiota-Host Interactions and Clostridia Research Group, Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andrés Bello, Santiago, Chile
- ANID - Millennium Science Initiative Program - Millennium Nucleus in the Biology of Intestinal Microbiota, Santiago, Chile
- Department of Biology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - Daniel Paredes-Sabja
- Microbiota-Host Interactions and Clostridia Research Group, Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andrés Bello, Santiago, Chile
- ANID - Millennium Science Initiative Program - Millennium Nucleus in the Biology of Intestinal Microbiota, Santiago, Chile
- Department of Biology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - Daniel Ginard
- Department of Gastroenterology and Palma Health Research Institute, Hospital Universitario Son Espases, Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Ramon Rosselló-Móra
- Marine Microbiology Group, Department of Animal and Microbial Diversity, IMEDEA (CSIC-UIB), 07190 Esporles, Illes Balears, Spain
| | - Roberto Vidal
- Programa de Microbiología y Micología, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Chile
- ANID - Millennium Science Initiative Program - Millennium Nucleus in the Biology of Intestinal Microbiota, Santiago, Chile
- Instituto Milenio de Inmunología e Inmunoterapia, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Chile
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Aguilera M, Rossini V, Hickey A, Simnica D, Grady F, Felice VD, Moloney A, Pawley L, Fanning A, McCarthy L, O’Mahony SM, Cryan JF, Nally K, Shanahan F, Melgar S. Inflammasome Signaling Regulates the Microbial-Neuroimmune Axis and Visceral Pain in Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22158336. [PMID: 34361102 PMCID: PMC8371481 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22158336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Revised: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Interactions between the intestinal microbiota, immune system and nervous system are essential for homeostasis in the gut. Inflammasomes contribute to innate immunity and brain–gut interactions, but their role in microbiota–neuro–immune interactions is not clear. Therefore, we investigated the effect of the inflammasome on visceral pain and local and systemic neuroimmune responses after antibiotic-induced changes to the microbiota. Wild-type (WT) and caspase-1/11 deficient (Casp1 KO) mice were orally treated for 2 weeks with an antibiotic cocktail (Abx, Bacitracin A and Neomycin), followed by quantification of representative fecal commensals (by qPCR), cecal short chain fatty acids (by HPLC), pathways implicated in the gut–neuro-immune axis (by RT-qPCR, immunofluorescence staining, and flow cytometry) in addition to capsaicin-induced visceral pain responses. Abx-treatment in WT-mice resulted in an increase in colonic macrophages, central neuro-immune interactions, colonic inflammasome and nociceptive receptor gene expression and a reduction in capsaicin-induced visceral pain. In contrast, these responses were attenuated in Abx-treated Casp1 KO mice. Collectively, the data indicate an important role for the inflammasome pathway in functional and inflammatory gastrointestinal conditions where pain and alterations in microbiota composition are prominent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mònica Aguilera
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, T12 YT20 Cork, Ireland; (M.A.); (V.R.); (A.H.); (D.S.); (F.G.); (V.D.F.); (A.M.); (L.P.); (A.F.); (L.M.); (S.M.O.); (J.F.C.); (K.N.); (F.S.)
| | - Valerio Rossini
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, T12 YT20 Cork, Ireland; (M.A.); (V.R.); (A.H.); (D.S.); (F.G.); (V.D.F.); (A.M.); (L.P.); (A.F.); (L.M.); (S.M.O.); (J.F.C.); (K.N.); (F.S.)
| | - Ana Hickey
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, T12 YT20 Cork, Ireland; (M.A.); (V.R.); (A.H.); (D.S.); (F.G.); (V.D.F.); (A.M.); (L.P.); (A.F.); (L.M.); (S.M.O.); (J.F.C.); (K.N.); (F.S.)
- School of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, University College Cork, T12 YT20 Cork, Ireland
| | - Donjete Simnica
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, T12 YT20 Cork, Ireland; (M.A.); (V.R.); (A.H.); (D.S.); (F.G.); (V.D.F.); (A.M.); (L.P.); (A.F.); (L.M.); (S.M.O.); (J.F.C.); (K.N.); (F.S.)
| | - Fiona Grady
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, T12 YT20 Cork, Ireland; (M.A.); (V.R.); (A.H.); (D.S.); (F.G.); (V.D.F.); (A.M.); (L.P.); (A.F.); (L.M.); (S.M.O.); (J.F.C.); (K.N.); (F.S.)
| | - Valeria D. Felice
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, T12 YT20 Cork, Ireland; (M.A.); (V.R.); (A.H.); (D.S.); (F.G.); (V.D.F.); (A.M.); (L.P.); (A.F.); (L.M.); (S.M.O.); (J.F.C.); (K.N.); (F.S.)
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, T12 YT20 Cork, Ireland
| | - Amy Moloney
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, T12 YT20 Cork, Ireland; (M.A.); (V.R.); (A.H.); (D.S.); (F.G.); (V.D.F.); (A.M.); (L.P.); (A.F.); (L.M.); (S.M.O.); (J.F.C.); (K.N.); (F.S.)
| | - Lauren Pawley
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, T12 YT20 Cork, Ireland; (M.A.); (V.R.); (A.H.); (D.S.); (F.G.); (V.D.F.); (A.M.); (L.P.); (A.F.); (L.M.); (S.M.O.); (J.F.C.); (K.N.); (F.S.)
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, T12 YT20 Cork, Ireland
| | - Aine Fanning
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, T12 YT20 Cork, Ireland; (M.A.); (V.R.); (A.H.); (D.S.); (F.G.); (V.D.F.); (A.M.); (L.P.); (A.F.); (L.M.); (S.M.O.); (J.F.C.); (K.N.); (F.S.)
| | - Lorraine McCarthy
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, T12 YT20 Cork, Ireland; (M.A.); (V.R.); (A.H.); (D.S.); (F.G.); (V.D.F.); (A.M.); (L.P.); (A.F.); (L.M.); (S.M.O.); (J.F.C.); (K.N.); (F.S.)
| | - Siobhan M. O’Mahony
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, T12 YT20 Cork, Ireland; (M.A.); (V.R.); (A.H.); (D.S.); (F.G.); (V.D.F.); (A.M.); (L.P.); (A.F.); (L.M.); (S.M.O.); (J.F.C.); (K.N.); (F.S.)
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, T12 YT20 Cork, Ireland
| | - John F. Cryan
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, T12 YT20 Cork, Ireland; (M.A.); (V.R.); (A.H.); (D.S.); (F.G.); (V.D.F.); (A.M.); (L.P.); (A.F.); (L.M.); (S.M.O.); (J.F.C.); (K.N.); (F.S.)
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, T12 YT20 Cork, Ireland
| | - Ken Nally
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, T12 YT20 Cork, Ireland; (M.A.); (V.R.); (A.H.); (D.S.); (F.G.); (V.D.F.); (A.M.); (L.P.); (A.F.); (L.M.); (S.M.O.); (J.F.C.); (K.N.); (F.S.)
- School of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, University College Cork, T12 YT20 Cork, Ireland
| | - Fergus Shanahan
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, T12 YT20 Cork, Ireland; (M.A.); (V.R.); (A.H.); (D.S.); (F.G.); (V.D.F.); (A.M.); (L.P.); (A.F.); (L.M.); (S.M.O.); (J.F.C.); (K.N.); (F.S.)
| | - Silvia Melgar
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, T12 YT20 Cork, Ireland; (M.A.); (V.R.); (A.H.); (D.S.); (F.G.); (V.D.F.); (A.M.); (L.P.); (A.F.); (L.M.); (S.M.O.); (J.F.C.); (K.N.); (F.S.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +353-21-4901384
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West C, McVey Neufeld KA. Animal models of visceral pain and the role of the microbiome. NEUROBIOLOGY OF PAIN (CAMBRIDGE, MASS.) 2021; 10:100064. [PMID: 34151049 PMCID: PMC8190503 DOI: 10.1016/j.ynpai.2021.100064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Revised: 05/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Visceral pain refers to pain arising from the internal organs and is distinctly different from the expression and mechanisms of somatic pain. Diseases and disorders with increased visceral pain are associated with significantly reduced quality of life and incur large financial costs due to medical visits and lost work productivity. In spite of the notable burden of illness associated with those disorders involving increased visceral pain, and some knowledge regarding etiology, few successful therapeutics have emerged, and thus increased attention to animal models of visceral hypersensitivity is warranted in order to elucidate new treatment opportunities. Altered microbiota-gut-brain (MGB) axis communication is central to the comorbid gastrointestinal/psychiatric diseases of which increased visceral (intestinal) sensitivity is a hallmark. This has led to a particular focus on intestinal microbiome disruption and its potential role in the etiology of heightened visceral pain. Here we provide a review of studies examining models of heightened visceral pain due to altered bidirectional communication of the MGB axis, many of which are conducted on a background of stress exposure. We discuss work in which the intestinal microbiota has either been directly manipulated (as with germ-free, antibiotic, and fecal microbial transplantation studies) or indirectly affected through early life or adult stress, inflammation, and infection. Animal models of visceral pain alterations with accompanying changes to the intestinal microbiome have the highest face and construct validity to the human condition and are the focus of the current review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine West
- McMaster Brain-Body Institute at St Joseph’s Healthcare, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Karen-Anne McVey Neufeld
- McMaster Brain-Body Institute at St Joseph’s Healthcare, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
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Antibiotic-Induced Dysbiosis of Microbiota Promotes Chicken Lipogenesis by Altering Metabolomics in the Cecum. Metabolites 2021; 11:metabo11080487. [PMID: 34436428 PMCID: PMC8398106 DOI: 10.3390/metabo11080487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2021] [Revised: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Elucidation of the mechanism of lipogenesis and fat deposition is essential for controlling excessive fat deposition in chicken. Studies have shown that gut microbiota plays an important role in regulating host lipogenesis and lipid metabolism. However, the function of gut microbiota in the lipogenesis of chicken and their relevant mechanisms are poorly understood. In the present study, the gut microbiota of chicken was depleted by oral antibiotics. Changes in cecal microbiota and metabolomics were detected by 16S rRNA sequencing and ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled with MS/MS (UHPLC–MS/MS) analysis. The correlation between antibiotic-induced dysbiosis of gut microbiota and metabolites and lipogenesis were analysed. We found that oral antibiotics significantly promoted the lipogenesis of chicken. 16S rRNA sequencing indicated that oral antibiotics significantly reduced the diversity and richness and caused dysbiosis of gut microbiota. Specifically, the abundance of Proteobacteria was increased considerably while the abundances of Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes were significantly decreased. At the genus level, the abundances of genera Escherichia-Shigella and Klebsiella were significantly increased while the abundances of 12 genera were significantly decreased, including Bacteroides. UHPLC-MS/MS analysis showed that antibiotic-induced dysbiosis of gut microbiota significantly altered cecal metabolomics and caused declines in abundance of 799 metabolites and increases in abundance of 945 metabolites. Microbiota-metabolite network revealed significant correlations between 4 differential phyla and 244 differential metabolites as well as 15 differential genera and 304 differential metabolites. Three metabolites of l-glutamic acid, pantothenate acid and N-acetyl-l-aspartic acid were identified as potential metabolites that link gut microbiota and lipogenesis in chicken. In conclusion, our results showed that antibiotic-induced dysbiosis of gut microbiota promotes lipogenesis of chicken by altering relevant metabolomics. The efforts in this study laid a basis for further study of the mechanisms that gut microbiota regulates lipogenesis and fat deposition of chicken.
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Hurtado-Lorenzo A, Honig G, Weaver SA, Larkin PB, Heller C. Chronic Abdominal Pain in IBD Research Initiative: Unraveling Biological Mechanisms and Patient Heterogeneity to Personalize Treatment and Improve Clinical Outcomes. CROHN'S & COLITIS 360 2021; 3:otab034. [PMID: 36776666 PMCID: PMC9802354 DOI: 10.1093/crocol/otab034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Andrés Hurtado-Lorenzo
- Research Department, Crohn’s & Colitis Foundation, New York, New York, USA,Address correspondence to: Andrés Hurtado-Lorenzo, PhD, Crohn’s & Colitis Foundation, 733 3rd Ave Suite 510, New York, NY 10017, USA ()
| | - Gerard Honig
- Research Department, Crohn’s & Colitis Foundation, New York, New York, USA
| | | | - Paul B Larkin
- Research Department, Crohn’s & Colitis Foundation, New York, New York, USA
| | - Caren Heller
- Research Department, Crohn’s & Colitis Foundation, New York, New York, USA
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Influence of Fluconazole Administration on Gut Microbiome, Intestinal Barrier, and Immune Response in Mice. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2021; 65:AAC.02552-20. [PMID: 33722893 DOI: 10.1128/aac.02552-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 03/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Antibiotics that can treat or prevent infectious diseases play an important role in medical therapy. However, the use of antibiotics has potentially negative effects on the health of the host. For example, antibiotics use may affect the host's immune system by altering the gut microbiota. Therefore, the aim of the study was to investigate the influence of antifungal (fluconazole) treatment on the gut microbiota and immune system of mice. Results showed that the gut microbial composition of mice receiving fluconazole treatment was significantly changed after the trial. Fluconazole did not affect the relative abundance of bacteria but significantly reduced the diversity of bacterial flora. In the bacteriome, Firmicutes and Proteobacteria significantly increased, while Bacteroidetes, Deferribacteres, Patescibacteria, and Tenericutes showed a remarkable reduction in the fluconazole-treated group compared with the control group. In the mycobiome, the relative abundance of Ascomycota was significantly decreased and Mucoromycota was significantly increased in the intestine of mice treated with fluconazole compared to the control group. Reverse transcription-quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) results showed that the relative gene expression of ZO-1, occludin, MyD88, interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and IL-6 was decreased in the fluconazole-treated group compared to the control. Serum levels of IL-2, LZM, and IgM were significantly increased, while the IgG level was considerably downregulated in the fluconazole-treated compared to the control group. These results suggest that the administration of fluconazole can influence the gut microbiota and that a healthy gut microbiome is important for the regulation of the host immune responses.
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Collinet A, Grimm P, Julliand S, Julliand V. Multidimensional Approach for Investigating the Effects of an Antibiotic-Probiotic Combination on the Equine Hindgut Ecosystem and Microbial Fibrolysis. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:646294. [PMID: 33841371 PMCID: PMC8027512 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.646294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2020] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The equine hindgut ecosystem is specialized in dietary fibers' fermentation to provide horses' energy and contribute to its health. Nevertheless, antibiotics are known to disrupt the hindgut microbiota, affecting the fibrolytic activity of bacteria and the intestinal immune balance, leading to diseases. This in vivo study used a general and comprehensive approach for characterizing the hindgut ecosystem of 9 healthy horses over 28 days in response to a 5-day challenge with oral trimethoprim-sulfadiazine (TMS), with a special emphasis on microbial fibrolytic activity and the host immune response. Horses were supplemented with two doses of Lactobacillus acidophilus, Ligilactobacillus salivarius (formerly L. salivarius), and Bifidobacterium lactis blend or a placebo in a 3 × 3 Latin square design. Changes in fecal microbiota were investigated using 16S rRNA sequencing. Clostridioides difficile was quantified in feces using quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Anaerobic microbiological culture was used to enumerate functional bacterial groups (cellulolytic, amylolytic, and lactic acid-utilizing). The environmental dimensions were assessed by measuring the concentrations of volatile fatty acids (VFAs) and lactic acid using biochemical methods, and changes in pH and dry matter weight. Systemic and local inflammation was evaluated by determination of cytokine and immunoglobulin (Ig)A concentrations in the serum and secretory IgA (SIgA) concentrations in the feces using immuno-enzymatic methods. Oral TMS treatment strongly altered the whole hindgut ecosystem by 2 days after the first administration. Bacterial diversity decreased in proportion to the relative abundance of fibrolytic genera, which coincided with the decrease in the concentration of cellulolytic bacteria. At the same time, the composition of microbiota members was reorganized in terms of relative abundances, probably to support the alteration in fibrolysis. C. difficile DNA was not found in these horses, but the relative abundances of several potential pathobiont genera increased. 2 days after the first TMS administration, fecal concentrations of VFAs and SIgA increased in parallel with fecal water content, suggesting an alteration of the integrity of the hindgut mucosa. Recovery in bacterial composition, functions, and immune biomarkers took 2-9 days after the end of TMS administration. Supplementation with this bacterial blend did not limit bacterial alteration but might have interesting mucosal immunomodulatory effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Axelle Collinet
- Lab To Field, Dijon, France.,Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, AgroSup Dijon, PAM UMR A 02.102, Dijon, France
| | | | | | - Véronique Julliand
- Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, AgroSup Dijon, PAM UMR A 02.102, Dijon, France
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Antibiotics Modulate Intestinal Regeneration. BIOLOGY 2021; 10:biology10030236. [PMID: 33808600 PMCID: PMC8003396 DOI: 10.3390/biology10030236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Revised: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Simple Summary The impact of the microbial community on host’s biological functions has uncovered the potential outcomes of antibiotics on host physiology, introducing the caveats of the antibiotic usage. Within animals, the digestive function is closely related to the microorganisms that inhabit this organ. The proper maintenance of the digestive system requires constant regeneration. These processes vary from self-renewal of some cells or tissues in some species to the complete regeneration of the organ in others. Whether antibiotics influence digestive organ regeneration remains unknown. We employ the sea cucumber, Holothuria glaberrima, for its capacity to regenerate the whole intestine after ejection from its internal cavity. We explored the antibiotics’ effects on several intestinal regeneration processes. In parallel, we studied the effect of antibiotics on the animals’ survival, toxicity, and gut bacteria growth. Our results show that tested antibiotics perturbed key cellular processes that occur during intestinal regeneration. Moreover, this happens at doses that inhibited bacteria growth but did not alter holothurian’s metabolic activity. We propose that antibiotics can perturb the cellular events of intestinal regeneration via their impact on the microbiota. These results highlight H. glaberrima as a promising model to study the importance of the microbiota during organ regeneration. Abstract The increased antibiotics usage in biomedical and agricultural settings has been well documented. Antibiotics have now been shown to exert effects outside their purposive use, including effects on physiological and developmental processes. We explored the effect of various antibiotics on intestinal regeneration in the sea cucumber Holothuria glaberrima. For this, holothurians were eviscerated and left to regenerate for 10 days in seawater with different penicillin/streptomycin-based cocktails (100 µg/mL PS) including: 100 µg/mL kanamycin (KPS), 5 µg/mL vancomycin (VPS), and 4 µg/mL (E4PS) or 20 µg/mL (E20PS) erythromycin. Immunohistological and histochemical analyses were performed to analyze regenerative processes, including rudiment size, extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling, cell proliferation, and muscle dedifferentiation. A reduction in muscle dedifferentiation was observed in all antibiotic-treated animals. ECM remodeling was decreased by VPS, E4PS, and E20PS treatments. In addition, organisms subjected to E20PS displayed a significant reduction in the size of their regenerating rudiments while VPS exposure altered cell proliferation. MTT assays were used to discard the possibility that the antibiotics directly affect holothurian metabolic activity while bacterial cultures were used to test antibiotic effects on holothurian enteric microbiota. Our results demonstrate a negative effect on intestinal regeneration and strongly suggest that these effects are due to alterations in the microbial community.
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Wang P, Tu K, Cao P, Yang Y, Zhang H, Qiu XT, Zhang MM, Wu XJ, Yang H, Chen T. Antibiotics-induced intestinal dysbacteriosis caused behavioral alternations and neuronal activation in different brain regions in mice. Mol Brain 2021; 14:49. [PMID: 33676528 PMCID: PMC7937204 DOI: 10.1186/s13041-021-00759-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2021] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Antibiotics affect gut microbial composition, leading to Gut-Brain-Axis imbalance and neurobehavioral changes. However, the intestinal dysbacteriosis associated behavior changes are not consistently reported. It is not clear whether these changes are transient or permanent. The neuroprotective effect of probiotics against intestinal dysbacteriosis induced alternations needs to be determined either. In the present study, oral antibiotic mixture including Ampicillin, Streptomycin, and Clindamycin was utilized to induce intestinal dysbacteriosis in mice. Antibiotics application triggered mechanical allodynia in von frey test and spontaneous pain in open field test. It also resulted in increased anxiety and depressive-like behaviors and damaged spatial memory performance. After application of probiotics, the mechanical allodynia and spontaneous pain were alleviated significantly. The anxiety behaviors, depressive-like behaviors and recognitive performance were ameliorative as well. By using Fos protein as a marker, it is found that the sensory, emotion and memory related brain regions were activated in mice with intestinal dysbacteriosis. Our study is not only helpful for enriching our basic knowledge for understanding the changed pain responses and related brain disorders in antibiotics-induced dysbacteriosis mice, but also beneficial for providing a more comprehensive mechanistic explanation for the regulation of antibiotics and probiotics on gut microbiota and relevant alternations in animal neurological behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pan Wang
- Institute of Medical Research, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi`an, Shaanxi, 710072, P. R. China
- Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology & K.K. Leung Brain Research Centre, The Air Force Medical University, No. 169 Changle West Road, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Ke Tu
- Department of Anesthesiology, General Hospital of Tibet Military District, Lhasa, Tibet, 850007, P. R. China
| | - Peng Cao
- Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology & K.K. Leung Brain Research Centre, The Air Force Medical University, No. 169 Changle West Road, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Yuefan Yang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Air Force Medical University, Xi`an, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi`an, China
| | - Xin-Tong Qiu
- Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology & K.K. Leung Brain Research Centre, The Air Force Medical University, No. 169 Changle West Road, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Ming-Ming Zhang
- Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology & K.K. Leung Brain Research Centre, The Air Force Medical University, No. 169 Changle West Road, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Xiao-Jun Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, 270 Dongan Road, Xuhui, 200032, Shanghai, China.
| | - Hui Yang
- Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi`an, China.
| | - Tao Chen
- Institute of Medical Research, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi`an, Shaanxi, 710072, P. R. China.
- Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology & K.K. Leung Brain Research Centre, The Air Force Medical University, No. 169 Changle West Road, Xi'an, 710032, China.
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Ferrer M, Aguilera M, Martinez V. Effects of Rifaximin on Luminal and Wall-Adhered Gut Commensal Microbiota in Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:E500. [PMID: 33419066 PMCID: PMC7825446 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22020500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Revised: 12/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Rifaximin is a broad-spectrum antibiotic that ameliorates symptomatology in inflammatory/functional gastrointestinal disorders. We assessed changes in gut commensal microbiota (GCM) and Toll-like receptors (TLRs) associated to rifaximin treatment in mice. Adult C57BL/6NCrl mice were treated (7/14 days) with rifaximin (50/150 mg/mouse/day, PO). Luminal and wall-adhered ceco-colonic GCM were characterized by fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) and microbial profiles determined by terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP). Colonic expression of TLR2/3/4/5/7 and immune-related markers was assessed (RT-qPCR). Regardless the period of treatment or the dose, rifaximin did not alter total bacterial counts or bacterial biodiversity. Only a modest increase in Bacteroides spp. (150 mg/1-week treatment) was detected. In control conditions, only Clostridium spp. and Bifidobacterium spp. were found attached to the colonic epithelium. Rifaximin showed a tendency to favour their adherence after a 1-week, but not 2-week, treatment period. Minor up-regulation in TLRs expression was observed. Only the 50 mg dose for 1-week led to a significant increase (by 3-fold) in TLR-4 expression. No changes in the expression of immune-related markers were observed. Rifaximin, although its antibacterial properties, induces minor changes in luminal and wall-adhered GCM in healthy mice. Moreover, no modulation of TLRs or local immune systems was observed. These findings, in normal conditions, do not rule out a modulatory role of rifaximin in inflammatory and or dysbiotic states of the gut.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Ferrer
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Barcelona, Spain; (M.F.); (M.A.)
- Neuroscience Institute, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mònica Aguilera
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Barcelona, Spain; (M.F.); (M.A.)
- Neuroscience Institute, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Vicente Martinez
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Barcelona, Spain; (M.F.); (M.A.)
- Neuroscience Institute, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédicaen Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
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48
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Rea K, O' Mahony SM, Cryan JF. High and Mighty? Cannabinoids and the microbiome in pain. NEUROBIOLOGY OF PAIN (CAMBRIDGE, MASS.) 2021; 9:100061. [PMID: 33665479 PMCID: PMC7905370 DOI: 10.1016/j.ynpai.2021.100061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Revised: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
In this review, we will focus on the potential role of the endogenous cannabinoids in modulating microbiota-driven changes in peripheral and central pain processing. We also focus on the overlap in mechanisms whereby commensal gut microbiota and endocannabinoid ligands can regulate inflammation and further aim to exploit our understanding of their role in microbiota-gut-brain axis communication in pain processing.
Within the human gut, we each harbour a unique ecosystem represented by trillions of microbes that contribute to our health and wellbeing. These gut microbiota form part of a complex network termed the microbiota-gut-brain axis along with the enteric nervous system, sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions of the autonomic nervous system, and neuroendocrine and neuroimmune components of the central nervous system. Through endocrine, immune and neuropeptide/neurotransmitter systems, the microbiota can relay information about health status of the gut. This in turn can profoundly impact neuronal signalling not only in the periphery, but also in the brain itself and thus impact on emotional systems and behavioural responses. This may be true for pain, as the top-down facilitation or inhibition of pain processing occurs at a central level, while ascending afferent nociceptive information from the viscera and systemic areas travel through the periphery and spinal cord to the brain. The endogenous cannabinoid receptors are ubiquitously expressed throughout the gut, periphery and in brain regions associated with pain responding, and represent targets for endogenous and exogenous manipulation. In this review, we will focus on the potential role of the endogenous cannabinoids in modulating microbiota-driven changes in peripheral and central pain processing. We also focus on the overlap in mechanisms whereby commensal gut microbiota and endocannabinoid ligands can regulate inflammation and further aim to exploit our understanding of their role in microbiota-gut-brain axis communication in pain processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kieran Rea
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Siobhain M O' Mahony
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.,Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - John F Cryan
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.,Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
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Hertati A, Hayashi S, Ogata H, Miyata K, Kato R, Yamamoto T, Kadowaki M. Morphological elucidation of short-chain fatty acid receptor GPR41-positive enteric sensory neurons in the colon of mice with dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis. Heliyon 2020; 6:e05647. [PMID: 33319102 PMCID: PMC7726667 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e05647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2020] [Revised: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Although the etiology of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) remains unclear, it has generally been accepted that abnormalities in the intestinal immune system and dysbiosis of the gut microbiota are involved in the pathology of IBD. Recently, short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) produced by gut microbiota were reported to maintain intestinal homeostasis through their receptors, such as GPR41. However, there are contradictory reports about the role of GPR41 in intestinal inflammation. Consequently, the roles of GPR41 in dysbiosis induced by intestinal inflammation remain unclear. Thus, we investigated the distribution of GPR41 in the colonic mucosa of mice with dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis. GPR41-immunoreactive fibrous structures were observed in the colonic lamina propria and muscularis layer of normal mice. In addition, GPR41-immunoreactive fibrous structures partly colocalized with calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP; a neurotransmitter of cholinergic enteric sensory neurons)-immunoreactive nerve fibers in the colonic lamina propria, indicating that GPR41 is expressed in cholinergic intrinsic sensory neurons. Furthermore, both GPR41-immunoreactivities and CGRP-immunoreactivities were significantly increased in the lamina propria of the colon in mice with DSS-induced colitis. Interestingly, GPR41-immunoreactivities were often found in close proximity to F4/80+ macrophages in the colonic mucosa of normal mice, and their frequency was elevated in the colonic mucosa of mice with DSS-induced colitis. Therefore, the crosstalk between SCFA-sensing intrinsic sensory neurons and macrophages might be involved in the pathology of acute colitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ai Hertati
- Division of Gastrointestinal Pathophysiology, Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan.,Research Center for Biotechnology, Indonesian Institute of Sciences, Cibinong, Indonesia
| | - Shusaku Hayashi
- Division of Gastrointestinal Pathophysiology, Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Hanako Ogata
- Division of Gastrointestinal Pathophysiology, Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Kana Miyata
- Division of Gastrointestinal Pathophysiology, Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Ryo Kato
- Division of Gastrointestinal Pathophysiology, Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Takeshi Yamamoto
- Division of Gastrointestinal Pathophysiology, Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Makoto Kadowaki
- Division of Gastrointestinal Pathophysiology, Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
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50
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Abstract
The management of pain, particularly chronic pain, is still an area of medical need. In this context, opioids remain a gold standard for the treatment of pain. However, significant side effects, mainly of central origin, limit their clinical use. Here, we review recent progress to improve the therapeutic and safety profiles of opioids for pain management. Characterization of peripheral opioid-mediated pain mechanisms have been a key component of this process. Several studies identified peripheral µ, δ, and κ opioid receptors (MOR, DOR, and KOR, respectively) and nociceptin/orphanin FQ (NOP) receptors as significant players of opioid-mediated antinociception, able to achieve clinically significant effects independently of any central action. Following this, particularly from a medicinal chemistry point of view, main efforts have been directed towards the peripheralization of opioid receptor agonists with the objective of optimizing receptor activity and minimizing central exposure and the associated undesired effects. These activities have allowed the characterization of a great variety of compounds and investigational drugs that show low central nervous system (CNS) penetration (and therefore a reduced side effect profile) yet maintaining the desired opioid-related peripheral antinociceptive activity. These include highly hydrophilic/amphiphilic and massive molecules unable to easily cross lipid membranes, substrates of glycoprotein P (a extrusion pump that avoids CNS penetration), nanocarriers that release the analgesic agent at the site of inflammation and pain, and pH-sensitive opioid agonists that selectively activate at those sites (and represent a new pharmacodynamic paradigm). Hopefully, patients with pain will benefit soon from the incorporation of these new entities.
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