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Ali GF, Hassanein EHM, Mohamed WR. Molecular mechanisms underlying methotrexate-induced intestinal injury and protective strategies. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2024:10.1007/s00210-024-03164-x. [PMID: 38822868 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-024-03164-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/03/2024]
Abstract
Methotrexate (MTX) is a folic acid reductase inhibitor that manages various malignancies as well as immune-mediated inflammatory chronic diseases. Despite being frequently prescribed, MTX's severe multiple toxicities can occasionally limit its therapeutic potential. Intestinal toxicity is a severe adverse effect associated with the administration of MTX, and patients are significantly burdened by MTX-provoked intestinal mucositis. However, the mechanism of such intestinal toxicity is not entirely understood, mechanistic studies demonstrated oxidative stress and inflammatory reactions as key factors that lead to the development of MTX-induced intestinal injury. Besides, MTX causes intestinal cells to express pro-inflammatory cytokines like interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), which activate nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB). This is followed by the activation of the Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of the transcription3 (JAK/STAT3) signaling pathway. Moreover, because of its dual anti-inflammatory and antioxidative properties, nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2/heme oxygenase-1 (Nrf2/HO-1) has been considered a critical signaling pathway that counteracts oxidative stress in MTX-induced intestinal injury. Several agents have potential protective effects in counteracting MTX-provoked intestinal injury such as omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, taurine, umbelliferone, vinpocetine, perindopril, rutin, hesperidin, lycopene, quercetin, apocynin, lactobacillus, berberine, zinc, and nifuroxazide. This review aims to summarize the potential redox molecular mechanisms of MTX-induced intestinal injury and how they can be alleviated. In conclusion, studying these molecular pathways might open the way for early alleviation of the intestinal damage and the development of various agent plans to attenuate MTX-mediated intestinal injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaber F Ali
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni Suef, 62514, Egypt
| | - Emad H M Hassanein
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut Branch, Al-Azhar University, Assiut, 71524, Egypt
| | - Wafaa R Mohamed
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni Suef, 62514, Egypt.
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Mostafa OAA, Ibrahim F, Borai E. Protective effects of hesperidin in cyclophosphamide-induced parotid toxicity in rats. Sci Rep 2023; 13:158. [PMID: 36599902 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-26881-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Cyclophosphamide (CYP) is an alkylating agent that is used on a wide range as a treatment of malignancies and autoimmune diseases. Previous studies have shown the promising role of hesperidin (HSP) as an antioxidant agent against various models of toxic agents. The protective effect of the HSP against CYP-induced parotid damage was evaluated in this study. Forty rats (180-200 g) were divided into four equal groups: Group I (received normal saline), Group II (HSP-treated at a dose of 100 mg/kg/day for 7 consecutive days), Group III (CYP-treated at a dose of 200 mg/kg single intraperitoneal injection on the 7th day of the experiment), Group IV (CYP + HSP); HSP-treated at a dose of 100 mg/kg/day for 7 consecutive days and CYP (200 mg/kg) single intraperitoneal injection on the 7th day of the experiment. Afterwards, the oxidative stress and inflammatory markers, the histopathological and immunohistochemical alterations of the parotid tissues in the studied groups were evaluated. CYP intoxication induced a significant parotid tissue injury represented by the elevation in the values of malondialdehyde (MDA), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and decrease in the catalase activity and glutathione peroxidase (GPx). Histologically, extensive histopathological alterations e.g., widely spaced serous acini with irregular shapes and congested blood vessels as well as downregulated ki-67 and alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) immunoexpression were induced by CYP. HSP administration markedly improved the biochemical and the histopathological studies. We can conclude that HSP elicited protective effects against the CYP-induced parotid toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ola A Abdelwahab Mostafa
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44519, Egypt.
| | - Fatma Ibrahim
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Clinical Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Eman Borai
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44519, Egypt
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Tekin S, Beytur A, Cakir M, Taslıdere A, Erden Y, Tekin C, Sandal S. Protective effect of saxagliptin against renal ischaemia reperfusion injury in rats. Arch Physiol Biochem 2022; 128:608-618. [PMID: 31979992 DOI: 10.1080/13813455.2020.1715442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Saxagliptin is an effective and selective dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitor. This study was designed to determine possible protective effects of saxagliptin against damage caused by renal ischaemia/reperfusion (I/R) in rats. In this study, 40 rats were divided into 4 groups (n = 10 for each). Group 1 (Control), Group 2 (I/R) in both kidneys ischaemia of 45 min was performed, and then reperfusion was applied for 24 h. Saxagliptin (Group 3: 2 mg/kg and Group 4: 10 mg/kg) was administered by oral gavage to the animals in treatment groups, before the I/R. Saxagliptin decreased the markers (BUN, Cre, NGAL, KIM-1 and IL-18) of acute renal damage in blood and kidney tissue. Saxagliptin provided increase in antioxidant enzyme levels and decrease in MDA and apoptosis. Histological results showed that the administration of saxagliptin exhibited a protective effect against renal damage caused by I/R. These results indicates that saxagliptin provide protection against kidney injury caused by I/R.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suat Tekin
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Physiology, Inonu University, Malatya, Turkey
| | - Asiye Beytur
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Physiology, Inonu University, Malatya, Turkey
| | - Murat Cakir
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Physiology, Yozgat Bozok University, Yozgat, Turkey
| | - Aslı Taslıdere
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, Inonu University, Malatya, Turkey
| | - Yavuz Erden
- Faculty of Science, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Bartin University, Bartin, Turkey
| | - Cigdem Tekin
- Health Services Vocational School, Inonu University, Malatya, Turkey
| | - Suleyman Sandal
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Physiology, Inonu University, Malatya, Turkey
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TÜRKMEN NB, YÜCE H, TAŞLIDERE A, ŞAHİN Y, ÇİFTÇİ O. The Ameliorate Effects of Nerolidol on Thioasteamide-induced Oxidative Damage in Heart and Kidney Tissue. Turk J Pharm Sci 2022; 19:1-8. [DOI: 10.4274/tjps.galenos.2021.30806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Baghaei K, Mazhari S, Tokhanbigli S, Parsamanesh G, Alavifard H, Schaafsma D, Ghavami S. Therapeutic potential of targeting regulatory mechanisms of hepatic stellate cell activation in liver fibrosis. Drug Discov Today 2021; 27:1044-1061. [PMID: 34952225 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2021.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Revised: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Hepatic fibrosis is a manifestation of different etiologies of liver disease with the involvement of multiple mediators in complex network interactions. Activated hepatic stellate cells (aHSCs) are the central driver of hepatic fibrosis, given their potential to induce connective tissue formation and extracellular matrix (ECM) protein accumulation. Therefore, identifying the cellular and molecular pathways involved in the activation of HSCs is crucial in gaining mechanistic and therapeutic perspectives to more effectively target the disease. In addition to a comprehensive summary of our current understanding of the role of HSCs in liver fibrosis, we also discuss here the proposed therapeutic strategies based on targeting HSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaveh Baghaei
- Basic and Molecular Epidemiology of Gastrointestinal Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1985717413, Iran; Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1985717413, Iran
| | - Sogol Mazhari
- Basic and Molecular Epidemiology of Gastrointestinal Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1985717413, Iran
| | - Samaneh Tokhanbigli
- Basic and Molecular Epidemiology of Gastrointestinal Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1985717413, Iran
| | - Gilda Parsamanesh
- Basic and Molecular Epidemiology of Gastrointestinal Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1985717413, Iran
| | - Helia Alavifard
- Basic and Molecular Epidemiology of Gastrointestinal Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1985717413, Iran
| | | | - Saeid Ghavami
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada.
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Naringin and Hesperidin Counteract Diclofenac-Induced Hepatotoxicity in Male Wistar Rats via Their Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory, and Antiapoptotic Activities. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:9990091. [PMID: 34422219 PMCID: PMC8376442 DOI: 10.1155/2021/9990091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Revised: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
This study is aimed at evaluating the preventive effect and at suggesting the mode of actions of naringin and hesperidin and their combination in diclofenac-induced hepatotoxicity. Male Wistar rats, intraperitoneally injected with diclofenac sodium (3 mg/kg b.wt/day), were orally treated with naringin (20 mg/kg b.wt/day) and hesperidin (20 mg/kg b.wt/day) and their combination for 4 weeks. The administrations of naringin and hesperidin to diclofenac-injected rats led to a significant decrease in the elevated serum ALT, AST, LDH, ALP, GGT, total bilirubin, TNF-α, and IL-17 levels as well as liver lipid peroxidation and liver p53 and caspase-3 mRNA expressions. In contrast, serum IL-4 level, liver GSH content, and liver GPx and SOD activities increased. In association, diclofenac-induced deleterious histological alterations including hydropic degeneration, cytoplasmic vacuolization, apoptosis, and focal hepatic necrosis of hepatocytes associated with inflammatory cells' infiltration were remarkably improved by treatments with naringin and hesperidin. In conclusion, naringin, hesperidin, and their combination, which was the most potent, counteract diclofenac-induced liver injury via antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiapoptotic actions. Thus, this study recommends the use of naringin and hesperidin or their combination to resolve the side effects of drugs like diclofenac on the liver.
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Hassan RA, Hozayen WG, Abo Sree HT, Al-Muzafar HM, Amin KA, Ahmed OM. Naringin and Hesperidin Counteract Diclofenac-Induced Hepatotoxicity in Male Wistar Rats via Their Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory, and Antiapoptotic Activities. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:1-14. [DOI: https:/doi.org/10.1155/2021/9990091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
This study is aimed at evaluating the preventive effect and at suggesting the mode of actions of naringin and hesperidin and their combination in diclofenac-induced hepatotoxicity. Male Wistar rats, intraperitoneally injected with diclofenac sodium (3 mg/kg b.wt/day), were orally treated with naringin (20 mg/kg b.wt/day) and hesperidin (20 mg/kg b.wt/day) and their combination for 4 weeks. The administrations of naringin and hesperidin to diclofenac-injected rats led to a significant decrease in the elevated serum ALT, AST, LDH, ALP, GGT, total bilirubin, TNF-α, and IL-17 levels as well as liver lipid peroxidation and liver p53 and caspase-3 mRNA expressions. In contrast, serum IL-4 level, liver GSH content, and liver GPx and SOD activities increased. In association, diclofenac-induced deleterious histological alterations including hydropic degeneration, cytoplasmic vacuolization, apoptosis, and focal hepatic necrosis of hepatocytes associated with inflammatory cells’ infiltration were remarkably improved by treatments with naringin and hesperidin. In conclusion, naringin, hesperidin, and their combination, which was the most potent, counteract diclofenac-induced liver injury via antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiapoptotic actions. Thus, this study recommends the use of naringin and hesperidin or their combination to resolve the side effects of drugs like diclofenac on the liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rasha A. Hassan
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, P.O. Box 62521, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Walaa G. Hozayen
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, P.O. Box 62521, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Haidy T. Abo Sree
- Faculty of Oral and Dental Medicine, Nahda University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Hessah M. Al-Muzafar
- Chemistry Department, College of Science, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
| | - Kamal A. Amin
- Chemistry Department, College of Science, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
- Basic & Applied Scientific Research Center, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
| | - Osama M. Ahmed
- Physiology Division, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, P.O. Box 62521, Beni-Suef, Egypt
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Bacharewicz-Szczerbicka J, Reduta T, Pawłoś A, Flisiak I. Paraphenylenediamine and related chemicals as allergens responsible for allergic contact dermatitis. Arch Med Sci 2021; 17:714-723. [PMID: 34025842 PMCID: PMC8130485 DOI: 10.5114/aoms.2019.86709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2017] [Accepted: 03/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Paraphenylenediamine (PPDA) is a chemical with strong sensitizing properties used for dyeing of hair and textiles. Paraphenylenediamine can cross-react, resulting in allergy to other related compounds. The prevalence of PPDA sensitization varies widely. The objectives were to assess the frequency of positive patch test reactions to PPDA and related chemicals among patients with allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) and to analyze them regarding their clinical pattern, occupation and cross-reactions. MATERIAL AND METHODS The sociodemographic and clinical data of patients with positive patch tests to PPDA, N-isopropyl-N-phenyl-4-phenylenediamine (IPPD), ethylenediamine (EDA), triethylenetetramine (TETA) and toluene-2,5-diamine (TDA) were analyzed. The frequency, strength and cross-reactions with other chemicals were assessed. RESULTS Of 4087 ACD patients patch-tested between 2006 and 2015, positive reactions to PPDA and other amines were found in 166 (4.1%). The occupational character of PPDA allergy was established in 34.3% of patients. Personal history of atopy was reported by 36.7% of patients. In 98% of those examined, allergy presented as ACD, most frequently affecting hands. Hypersensitivity to PPDA was diagnosed in 77.1%, to IPPD in 20.5%, to TDA in 6%, to TETA in 1.2%, and to EDA in 0.6% of cases. The patients with an extremely strong PPDA reaction significantly more frequently showed reactions to other para group chemicals, especially to benzocaine. CONCLUSIONS Paraphenylenediamine was a major cause of contact allergy of diverse clinical picture more often affecting women, especially with atopy. Every fifth PPDA-allergic person exhibited hypersensitivity to other related compounds. Strong reactions to PPDA increased the risk of cross-reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Teresa Reduta
- Department of Dermatology and Venerology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Anna Pawłoś
- Department of Dermatology and Venerology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Iwona Flisiak
- Department of Dermatology and Venerology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
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Legaz I, Bolarin JM, Campillo JA, Moya RM, Luna A, Osuna E, Minguela A, Sanchez-Bueno F, Alvarez MR, Muro M. Pretransplant ascites and encephalopathy and their influence on survival and liver graft rejection in alcoholic cirrhosis disease. Arch Med Sci 2021; 17:682-693. [PMID: 34025838 PMCID: PMC8130464 DOI: 10.5114/aoms.2018.80651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2018] [Accepted: 05/20/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The Child-Pugh and model for end-stage liver disease (MELD) scores are widely used to predict the outcomes of liver transplant (LT). Both have similar prognostic values in most cases, although their benefits might differ in some specific conditions. The aim of our study was to analyze the influence of pre-transplant ascites and encephalopathy in post-transplant liver rejection development and survival in alcohol cirrhosis (AC) patients undergoing LT to determine the usefulness of the Child-Pugh score for the assessment of prognosis in such patients. MATERIAL AND METHODS Two hundred and eighty-one AC patients, classified according to viral infections and pre-transplant complications, were analyzed. Acute (AR) and chronic (CR) liver rejections and Child-Pugh, MELD and albumin-bilirubin (ALBI) scores were studied in all cases. RESULTS Similar AC rejection percentages were observed in ascites or encephalopathy groups (18.5% and 16.5%, p = 0.735), although a higher but not statistically significant AC rate was observed in patients with grade III ascites (p = 0.777) and with grade II encephalopathy (p = 0.089). Chronic rejection was only developed by 9.1% of AC patients, regardless of the presence of ascites (6.2%) or encephalopathy (5.5%). The presence of ascites and encephalopathy complications did not seem to influence post-transplant survival. Neither the Child-Pugh nor the ALBI score can be considered the best for predicting patient survival in the short or long term. CONCLUSIONS Ascites and encephalopathy do not seem to influence AC or CR in patient survival, regardless of the presence of viral infections, so in our study neither the Child-Pugh nor ALBI score seems to be the best score to predict the outcomes of these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Legaz
- Department of Legal and Forensic Medicine, Biomedical Research Institute (IMIB), Regional Campus of International Excellence “Campus Mare Nostrum”, Faculty of Medicine, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Jose M. Bolarin
- Immunology Service, Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB) and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca (HCUVA), Murcia, Spain
| | - Jose A. Campillo
- Immunology Service, Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB) and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca (HCUVA), Murcia, Spain
| | - Rosa M. Moya
- Immunology Service, Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB) and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca (HCUVA), Murcia, Spain
| | - Aurelio Luna
- Department of Legal and Forensic Medicine, Biomedical Research Institute (IMIB), Regional Campus of International Excellence “Campus Mare Nostrum”, Faculty of Medicine, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Eduardo Osuna
- Department of Legal and Forensic Medicine, Biomedical Research Institute (IMIB), Regional Campus of International Excellence “Campus Mare Nostrum”, Faculty of Medicine, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Alfredo Minguela
- Immunology Service, Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB) and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca (HCUVA), Murcia, Spain
| | - Francisco Sanchez-Bueno
- Digestive Medicine Service, Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca (HCUVA), Murcia, Spain
| | - Maria Rocio Alvarez
- Immunology Service, Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB) and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca (HCUVA), Murcia, Spain
| | - Manuel Muro
- Immunology Service, Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB) and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca (HCUVA), Murcia, Spain
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Nutraceutical Properties of Polyphenols against Liver Diseases. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12113517. [PMID: 33203174 PMCID: PMC7697723 DOI: 10.3390/nu12113517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Revised: 11/08/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Current food tendencies, suboptimal dietary habits and a sedentary lifestyle are spreading metabolic disorders worldwide. Consequently, the prevalence of liver pathologies is increasing, as it is the main metabolic organ in the body. Chronic liver diseases, with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) as the main cause, have an alarming prevalence of around 25% worldwide. Otherwise, the consumption of certain drugs leads to an acute liver failure (ALF), with drug-induced liver injury (DILI) as its main cause, or alcoholic liver disease (ALD). Although programs carried out by authorities are focused on improving dietary habits and lifestyle, the long-term compliance of the patient makes them difficult to follow. Thus, the supplementation with certain substances may represent a more easy-to-follow approach for patients. In this context, the consumption of polyphenol-rich food represents an attractive alternative as these compounds have been characterized to be effective in ameliorating liver pathologies. Despite of their structural diversity, certain similar characteristics allow to classify polyphenols in 5 groups: stilbenes, flavonoids, phenolic acids, lignans and curcuminoids. Herein, we have identified the most relevant compounds in each group and characterized their main sources. By this, authorities should encourage the consumption of polyphenol-rich products, as most of them are available in quotidian life, which might reduce the socioeconomical burden of liver diseases.
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Flavonoids from Aurantii Fructus Immaturus and Aurantii Fructus: promising phytomedicines for the treatment of liver diseases. Chin Med 2020; 15:89. [PMID: 32863858 PMCID: PMC7449045 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-020-00371-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Liver diseases and related complications are major sources of morbidity and mortality, which places a huge financial burden on patients and lead to nonnegligible social problems. Therefore, the discovery of novel therapeutic drugs for the treatment of liver diseases is urgently required. Aurantii Fructus Immaturus (AFI) and Aurantii Fructus (AF) are frequently used herbal medicines in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) formulas for the treatment of diverse ailments. A variety of bioactive ingredients have been isolated and identified from AFI and AF, including alkaloids, flavonoids, coumarins and volatile oils. Main body Emerging evidence suggests that flavonoids, especially hesperidin (HD), naringenin (NIN), nobiletin (NOB), naringin (NRG), tangeretin (TN), hesperetin (HT) and eriodictyol (ED) are major representative bioactive ingredients that alleviate diseases through multi-targeting mechanisms, including anti-oxidative stress, anti-cytotoxicity, anti-inflammation, anti-fibrosis and anti-tumor mechanisms. In the current review, we summarize the recent progress in the research of hepatoprotective effects of HD, NIN, NOB, NRG, TN, HT and ED and highlight the potential underlying molecular mechanisms. We also point out the limitations of the current studies and shed light on further in-depth pharmacological and pharmacokinetic studies of these bioactive flavonoids. Conclusion This review outlines the recent advances in the literature and highlights the potential of these flavonoids isolated from AFI and AF as therapeutic agents for the treatment of liver diseases. Further pharmacological studies will accelerate the development of natural products in AFI and AF and their derivatives as medicines with tantalizing prospects in the clinical application.
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Abd-Elhakim YM, Ghoneim MH, Ebraheim LLM, Imam TS. Taurine and hesperidin rescues carbon tetrachloride-triggered testicular and kidney damage in rats via modulating oxidative stress and inflammation. Life Sci 2020; 254:117782. [PMID: 32407847 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.117782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Revised: 05/02/2020] [Accepted: 05/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
AIMS This study assessed the prophylactic or therapeutic effects of taurine (TR) and/or hesperidin (HES) on carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) induced acute kidney and testicular injury in rats. MAIN METHODS Rats were randomly divided into nine experimental groups including control; corn oil; CCl4; HES/CCl4; TR/CCl4; HES + TR/CCl4; CCl4/HES; CCl4/TR; and CCl4/HES + TR groups. CCl4 was intraperitoneally injected with a single dose of 2 ml /kg b.w. HES and TR were orally gavaged twice weekly 100 mg/kg b.w. for four weeks. Kidney function, inflammatory response, sexual hormones, and oxidative stress indicators were assessed. Histomorphological and immune-histochemical studies of the inflammatory marker nuclear factor kappa (NF-κB) in renal and testicular tissues were performed. KEY FINDINGS The results showed that the TR and/or HES treatment significantly suppressed CCl4 induced rise of urea, uric acid, potassium, and follicle-stimulating hormone levels. However, significant restoration of sodium, testosterone, and luteinizing hormone was apparent in CCl4 exposed rats received HES and/or TR. Also, the HES and/or TR treatment significantly rescues CCl4 induced oxidative stress and inflammation. Moreover, the HES and/or TR dosing significantly repaired the CCl4 evoked altered renal and testicular architecture and suppressed NF-κB immunoexpression. Notably, alleviating CCl4 induced renal and testicular damage was more effective in the prophylactic groups than the therapeutic groups. Also, most of the estimated parameters of the HES + TR group did not significantly vary from those of single TR or HES. SIGNIFICANCE In conclusion, HES or TR could efficiently guard against CCl4 nephro-and reprotoxic effects, but both bioactive combinations afford only a limited synergistic outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasmina M Abd-Elhakim
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt.
| | - Mervat H Ghoneim
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Lamiaa L M Ebraheim
- Department of Cytology and Histology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Tamer S Imam
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
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Tabeshpour J, Hosseinzadeh H, Hashemzaei M, Karimi G. A review of the hepatoprotective effects of hesperidin, a flavanon glycoside in citrus fruits, against natural and chemical toxicities. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 28:305-317. [PMID: 32277430 DOI: 10.1007/s40199-020-00344-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2019] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Liver is the most important and functional organ in the body to metabolize and detoxify endogenous compounds and xenobiotics. The major goal of the present narrative review is to assess the hepatoprotective properties of hesperidin against a variety of natural and chemical hepatotoxins via different mechanisms. EVIDENCE ACQUISITION Scientific databases such as Scopus, Medline, Web of Science and Google scholar were thoroughly searched, based on different keywords. RESULTS A variety of natural hepatotoxins such as lipopolysaccharide, concanavalin A and microcystins, and chemical hepatotoxins such as ethanol, acrylamide and carbon tetrachloride have been shown to damage hepatocytes as well as other liver cells. In addition to hepatocytes, ethanol can also damage liver hepatic stellate cells, Kupffer cells and sinusoidal endothelial cells. In this regard, the flavanone hesperidin, occur in the rind of citrus fruits, had been demonstrated to possess widespread pharmacological properties. Hesperidin exerts its hepatoprotective properties via different mechanisms including elevation in the activities of nuclear factor-like 2/antioxidant response element and heme oxygenase 1 as well as the levels of enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants. Furthermore, reduction in the levels of high-mobility group box 1 protein, inhibitor of kappa B protein-alpha, matrix metalloproteinase-9 and C-reactive protein are some other important hesperidin-derived hepatoprotective mechanisms. CONCLUSION Based on several research papers, it could be concluded that hesperidin is able to protect against liver damage from inflammation and/or oxidative stress-mediated natural and chemical toxins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamshid Tabeshpour
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Damghan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Damghan, Iran
| | - Hossein Hosseinzadeh
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Pharmaceutical Research Center, Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, P. O. Box 1365-91775, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Hashemzaei
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran
| | - Gholamreza Karimi
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. .,Pharmaceutical Research Center, Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, P. O. Box 1365-91775, Mashhad, Iran.
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Abd-Elhakim YM, Ghoneim MH, Khairy MH, Eissa SA. Single or combined protective and therapeutic impact of taurine and hesperidin on carbon tetrachloride-induced acute hepatic injury in rat. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:13180-13193. [PMID: 32016862 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-07895-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2019] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Currently, hepatic injury due to environmental pollutants extremely threatens human health and elicits great concern. Hence, there is a high global interest to find natural novel formulation products with potent hepatoprotective activity to combat liver disease. Hence, we evaluated the protective or therapeutic effect of hesperidin (HSP) and taurine (TAU), individually and in combination, on carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced acute hepatic injury in rats. The pre- or posttreatment by HSP and/or TAU significantly depressed CCl4-induced elevation of alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, aspartate aminotransferase, gamma-glutamyl transferase, total bilirubin, direct bilirubin, indirect bilirubin, malondialdehyde, globulins (α1, α2, β, and γ), albumin/globulin ratio, triglycerides, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, very low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, nitric oxide, and myeloperoxidase levels. Also, the pre- or posttreatment by HSP and/or TAU significantly minimized CCl4-induced reduction of superoxide dismutase, catalase, reduced glutathione, and albumin concentrations. Furthermore, the protective or therapeutic administration of HSP and/or TAU markedly restored the CCl4-induced altered hepatic architecture, depleted glycogen, and DNA contents. Notably, alleviating CCl4-induced hepatotoxicity was more prominent in the protective groups than the therapeutic groups. More importantly, most of biochemical and histopathological parameters of HSP+TAU did not significantly differ from those of separate TAU or HSP neither before nor after CCl4 exposure. Conclusively, HSP or TAU could be candidate protective agents against CCl4 hepatotoxic impacts but the combination of both bioactive offers only a limited synergistic effect. Graphical abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasmina M Abd-Elhakim
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt.
| | - Mervat H Ghoneim
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Mohamed H Khairy
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Smr A Eissa
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
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Protective effects of hesperidin against MTX-induced hepatotoxicity in male albino rats. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2020; 393:1405-1417. [PMID: 32103295 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-020-01843-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2019] [Accepted: 02/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Hesperidin (HD), a bioflavonoid, has been shown to exert hepatoprotective effects. Our aim is to investigate the possible protective effects of HD against methotrexate (MTX) hepatotoxicity in adult male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats that were divided into four groups (10 rats/each) and were exposed to MTX with or without HD co-administration for consecutive 28 days. The results showed that HD significantly ameliorated MTX-induced increase in liver enzymes and histopathological changes. Hepatic oxidative stress was suppressed by HD, as evidenced by the decrease in malondialdehyde (MDA), with a concomitant increase in total antioxidant activity (TAC), catalase (CAT), and glutathione (GSH) levels. Moreover, co-administration of HD with MTX remarkably upregulated the expression of Nrf2 and HO-1 compared with the MTX group. By the decrease in nuclear factor-kB (NF-κB) pathway and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), HD obviously attenuated inflammatory response in MTX-lesioned livers. Likewise, the downregulation of P53 by HD could explain its antiapoptotic effects as indicated by increase BCl2 and the significant decrease of caspase-9 mRNA expression as compared with the MTX group. Thus, these findings revealed the hepatoprotective nature of HD against MTX hepatotoxicity by attenuating the pro-inflammatory and apoptotic mediators and improving antioxidant aptitude.
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Bano N, Najam R. Histopathological and biochemical assessment of liver damage in albino Wistar rats treated with cytotoxic platinum compounds in combination with 5-fluorouracil. Arch Med Sci 2019; 15:1092-1103. [PMID: 31360204 PMCID: PMC6657249 DOI: 10.5114/aoms.2019.86064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2016] [Accepted: 04/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Chemotherapy-induced hepatotoxicity in cancer patients often results in cessation of therapy and prevents completion of the treatment plan. The entire pathological description and comparison of hepatic damage induced by oxaliplatin or cisplatin in combination with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) is not adequately reported. This study reports histopathological assessment of hepatotoxicity of a non-tumor bearing organ in rats treated with 5-FU, oxaliplatin and cisplatin (CDDP). MATERIAL AND METHODS Changes in hepatic biochemical profile of 36 albino Wistar rats equally divided into different treatment groups with cisplatin, oxaliplatin, 5-FU, cisplatin plus 5-FU and oxaliplatin plus 5-FU were compared with a group of rats treated with normal saline (control group). At the end of treatments, hepatic tissues were taken for blinded histopathological assessment by light microscopy. RESULTS Serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase and serum glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase levels were disrupted in rats treated with 5-FU alone and in combination with cisplatin or oxaliplatin. Hepatocellular injuries, e.g. sinusoidal dilatation, venular fibrosis and centrilobular vein injury induced by oxaliplatin were intensified in treatment groups also receiving 5-FU, manifested as massive architectural distortion, periportal fibrosis, hepatic cord degeneration and cystic lesions with demarcated margins. Hepatocellular degenerative sequence and abnormally dilated central hepatic vein was shown in the cisplatin plus 5-FU treatment group with hemorrhage and blood filled sinusoids. CONCLUSIONS Oxaliplatin-associated cystic lesions were intensified in rats treated with a combination of 5-FU and oxaliplatin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nusrat Bano
- Department of Pharmacology, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University For Health Sciences, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rahila Najam
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Karachi, Karachi, Saudi Arabia
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Turk E, Kandemir FM, Yildirim S, Caglayan C, Kucukler S, Kuzu M. Protective Effect of Hesperidin on Sodium Arsenite-Induced Nephrotoxicity and Hepatotoxicity in Rats. Biol Trace Elem Res 2019; 189:95-108. [PMID: 30066062 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-018-1443-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2018] [Accepted: 07/12/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The present study was conducted to investigate the protective effects of hesperidin (HSP) against sodium arsenite (SA)-induced nephrotoxicity and hepatotoxicity in rats. Thirty-five male Sprague Dawley rats were divided into five groups as follows: control, HSP, SA, SA + HSP 100, and SA + HSP 200. Rats were orally gavaged with SA (10 mg/kg body weight) and HSP (100 and 200 mg/kg body weight) for 15 days. SA increased oxidative damage by decreasing antioxidant enzyme activities, such as catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and glutathione (GSH) level and increasing malondialdehyde (MDA) level in the kidney and liver tissues. In addition, it increased serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) activities and serum urea and creatinine levels. Furthermore, SA caused inflammation, apoptosis, and oxidative DNA damage by increasing tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), cysteine aspartate-specific protease-3 (caspase-3), and 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) levels in the kidney and liver tissues and by increasing liver p53 and kidney interleukin-6 (IL-6) expressions. In other words, HSP administration reduced apoptosis, oxidative stress, inflammation, and oxidative DNA damage significantly in SA-induced kidney and liver tissues depending on dose. In this study, it was seen that HSP showed a protective effect against SA-induced kidney and liver toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erdinç Turk
- Department of Pharmacy Professional Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Agri Ibrahim Cecen University, 04100, Ağrı, Turkey.
| | - Fatih Mehmet Kandemir
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Serkan Yildirim
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Cuneyt Caglayan
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Bingol University, Bingol, Turkey
| | - Sefa Kucukler
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Muslum Kuzu
- Department of Basic Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Agri Ibrahim Cecen University, Agri, Turkey
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Adana MY, Akang EN, Naidu ECS, Aniekan PI, Kouame K, Offor U, Ogedengbe OO, Azu OO. Testicular microanatomical and hormonal alterations following use of antiretroviral therapy inSprague Dawleyrats: Role of Naringenin. Andrologia 2018; 50:e13137. [DOI: 10.1111/and.13137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2018] [Revised: 07/09/2018] [Accepted: 07/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Misturah Yetunde Adana
- Discipline of Clinical Anatomy, School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences; University of KwaZulu-Natal; Durban South Africa
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences; College of Health Sciences, University of Ilorin; Ilorin Nigeria
| | - Edidiong Nnamso Akang
- Discipline of Clinical Anatomy, School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences; University of KwaZulu-Natal; Durban South Africa
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine; University of Lagos; Lagos Nigeria
| | - Edwin Coleridge Stephen Naidu
- Discipline of Clinical Anatomy, School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences; University of KwaZulu-Natal; Durban South Africa
| | - Peter Imo Aniekan
- Discipline of Clinical Anatomy, School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences; University of KwaZulu-Natal; Durban South Africa
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences; University of Uyo; Uyo Nigeria
| | - Koffi Kouame
- Discipline of Clinical Anatomy, School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences; University of KwaZulu-Natal; Durban South Africa
| | - Ugochukwu Offor
- Discipline of Clinical Anatomy, School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences; University of KwaZulu-Natal; Durban South Africa
| | - Oluwatosin Olalekan Ogedengbe
- Discipline of Clinical Anatomy, School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences; University of KwaZulu-Natal; Durban South Africa
| | - Onyemaechi Okpara Azu
- Discipline of Clinical Anatomy, School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences; University of KwaZulu-Natal; Durban South Africa
- Department of Anatomy; School of Medicine; Windhoek Namibia
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Sun YZ, Chen JF, Shen LM, Zhou J, Wang CF. Anti-atherosclerotic effect of hesperidin in LDLr −/− mice and its possible mechanism. Eur J Pharmacol 2017; 815:109-117. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2017.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2017] [Revised: 08/30/2017] [Accepted: 09/08/2017] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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Raghuvanshi R, Chaudhari A, Kumar GN. 2-Ketogluconic acid and pyrroloquinoline quinone secreting probiotic Escherichia coli Nissle 1917 as a dietary strategy against heavy metal induced damage in rats. J Funct Foods 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2017.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
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Zaghloul RA, Elsherbiny NM, Kenawy HI, El-Karef A, Eissa LA, El-Shishtawy MM. Hepatoprotective effect of hesperidin in hepatocellular carcinoma: Involvement of Wnt signaling pathways. Life Sci 2017; 185:114-125. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2017.07.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2017] [Revised: 07/18/2017] [Accepted: 07/23/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Hesperidin Protects against Acute Alcoholic Injury through Improving Lipid Metabolism and Cell Damage in Zebrafish Larvae. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2017; 2017:7282653. [PMID: 28596796 PMCID: PMC5449749 DOI: 10.1155/2017/7282653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2016] [Revised: 04/03/2017] [Accepted: 04/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) is a series of abnormalities of liver function, including alcoholic steatosis, steatohepatitis, and cirrhosis. Hesperidin, the major constituent of flavanone in grapefruit, is proved to play a role in antioxidation, anti-inflammation, and reducing multiple organs damage in various animal experiments. However, the underlying mechanism of resistance to alcoholic liver injury is still unclear. Thus, we aimed to investigate the protective effects of hesperidin against ALD and its molecular mechanism in this study. We established an ALD zebrafish larvae model induced by 350 mM ethanol for 32 hours, using wild-type and transgenic line with liver-specific eGFP expression Tg (lfabp10α:eGFP) zebrafish larvae (4 dpf). The results revealed that hesperidin dramatically reduced the hepatic morphological damage and the expressions of alcohol and lipid metabolism related genes, including cyp2y3, cyp3a65, hmgcra, hmgcrb, fasn, and fads2 compared with ALD model. Moreover, the findings demonstrated that hesperidin alleviated hepatic damage as well, which is reflected by the expressions of endoplasmic reticulum stress and DNA damage related genes (chop, gadd45αa, and edem1). In conclusion, this study revealed that hesperidin can inhibit alcoholic damage to liver of zebrafish larvae by reducing endoplasmic reticulum stress and DNA damage, regulating alcohol and lipid metabolism.
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Iskender H, Dokumacioglu E, Sen TM, Ince I, Kanbay Y, Saral S. The effect of hesperidin and quercetin on oxidative stress, NF-κB and SIRT1 levels in a STZ-induced experimental diabetes model. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 90:500-508. [PMID: 28395272 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.03.102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study is to investigate the roles of SIRT1 and NF-κB in the pathogenesis of diabetes mellitus in rats with STZ-induced diabetes and determine the effects of hesperidin and quercetin on oxidative stress and on the levels of SIRT1 and NF-κB. MATERIALS AND METHODS The experimental animals were divided into four groups, each group comprising ten rats designated as follows: group 1 served as control rats (C); group 2 served as diabetic rats (DM); group 3 served as diabetic rats administered hesperidin (DM+HSP) (100mg/kg b.w.) in aqueous suspension orally for 15 days; and group 4 served as diabetic rats administered quercetin (DM+Q) (100mg/kg b.w.) in aqueous suspension orally for 15 days. RESULTS In diabetic group, liver and kidney SIRT1, SOD and CAT activities were significantly lower than control group (p<0.05). Hesperidin and quercetin caused significant increase in the SIRT1, SOD and CAT activities of both DM+HP and DM+Q groups kidney tissues compared to DM group (p<0.05). Liver SOD activies were not found to differ significantly between DM, DM+Q and DM+HP groups (p>0.05). In DM+HP group, liver CAT activities were significantly higher than DM (p<0.05), but there was no significant difference in liver CAT activities between DM and DM+Q (p>0.05). In diabetic group, liver and kidney NF-κB and MDA levels were increased compared to control group (p<0.05), and groups of DM+HP and DM+Q had lower NF-κB and MDA levels than diabetic group (p<0.05). CONCLUSION As a conclusion, based on the results we obtained from this study and the literature data discussed above, we determined in STZ-induced diabetic rats that, increased glucose levels and liver and kidney damage markers decreased significantly after administration of hesperedin and quercetin, and that oxidative stress and NF-κB levels increased while SIRT1 levels decreased in the diabetic group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hatice Iskender
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Artvin Coruh University, Artvin 08000, Turkey.
| | - Eda Dokumacioglu
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Artvin Coruh University, Artvin 08000, Turkey.
| | - Tugba Mazlum Sen
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Karadeniz Teknik University, Trabzon 61000, Turkey.
| | - Imran Ince
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Karadeniz Teknik University, Trabzon 61000, Turkey.
| | - Yalcin Kanbay
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Artvin Coruh University, Artvin 08000, Turkey.
| | - Sinan Saral
- Guneysu Vocational School of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Rize 53000, Turkey.
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Merzoug S, Toumi ML. Effects of hesperidin on formaldehyde-induced toxicity in pregnant rats. EXCLI JOURNAL 2017; 16:400-413. [PMID: 28507483 PMCID: PMC5427472 DOI: 10.17179/excli2017-142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2017] [Accepted: 03/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
This experimental study aimed to investigate the protective effect of a bioflavonoid, hesperidin (HP), on formaldehyde (FA)-related pathophysiological and behavioral outcomes in pregnant rats and developmental aspects in their offspring. Female Wistar rats were subjected to perigestational exposure to FA (2 mg/kg/day per os) with a concomitant treatment with HP (50 mg/kg/day per os). Pregnant rats were weighed throughout gestation and tested in two behavioral paradigms (elevated plus-maze and open field) at gestational days (GD) 1, 10 and 19 to evaluate the anxiety-like behavior and locomotive alterations. Another subset of rats was decapitated at GD19 to determine the hematological profile along with cortisol, 17β-estradiol, and progesterone plasma levels. Reproductive and fetal measures and observations were also performed to check for developmental deformities. Significant body weight loss, hemato-immune decline, hormonal changes, anxiety and lethargy signs, locomotor disabilities, reproductive failure and fetal weight decrease were observed in FA-exposed rats. Treatment with HP alleviated the reproductive and fetal weight defects. Its behavioral benefits were only seen at GD1 and 10. This flavanone ameliorated some hematological parameters, decreased cortisol levels and increased 17β-estradiol rates. A potential preventive impact of HP was found against FA toxicity in pregnant rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sameha Merzoug
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Natural and Life Sciences, University of Chadli Bendjedid - El-Tarf, BP 73, 36000, El-Tarf, Algeria
| | - Mohamed Lamine Toumi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Natural and Life Sciences, University of Chadli Bendjedid - El-Tarf, BP 73, 36000, El-Tarf, Algeria
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Qin WS, Deng YH, Cui FC. Sulforaphane protects against acrolein-induced oxidative stress and inflammatory responses: modulation of Nrf-2 and COX-2 expression. Arch Med Sci 2016; 12:871-80. [PMID: 27478470 PMCID: PMC4947616 DOI: 10.5114/aoms.2016.59919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2014] [Accepted: 08/07/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Acrolein (2-propenal) is a reactive α, β-unsaturated aldehyde which causes a health hazard to humans. The present study focused on determining the protection offered by sulforaphane against acrolein-induced damage in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). MATERIAL AND METHODS Acrolein-induced oxidative stress was determined through evaluating the levels of reactive oxygen species, protein carbonyl and sulfhydryl content, thiobarbituric acid reactive species, total oxidant status and antioxidant status (total antioxidant capacity, glutathione, superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione-S-transferase activity). Also, Nrf-2 expression levels were determined using western blot analysis. Acrolein-induced inflammation was determined through analyzing expression of cyclooxygenase-2 by western blot and PGE2 levels by ELISA. The protection offered by sulforaphane against acrolein-induced oxidative stress and inflammation was studied. RESULTS Acrolein showed a significant (p < 0.001) increase in the levels of oxidative stress parameters and down-regulated Nrf-2 expression. Acrolein-induced inflammation was observed through upregulation (p < 0.001) of COX-2 and PGE2 levels. Pretreatment with sulforaphane enhanced the antioxidant status through upregulating Nrf-2 expression (p < 0.001) in PBMC. Acrolein-induced inflammation was significantly inhibited through suppression of COX-2 (p < 0.001) and PGE2 levels (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS The present study provides clear evidence that pre-treatment with sulforaphane completely restored the antioxidant status and prevented inflammatory responses mediated by acrolein. Thus the protection offered by sulforaphane against acrolein-induced damage in PBMC is attributed to its anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wang-Sen Qin
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Henan, China
| | - Yu-Hui Deng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Henan, China
| | - Fa-Cai Cui
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Henan, China
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