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Khanal MK, Karimi L, Saunders P, Schneider RH, Salerno J, Livesay K, Hallam KT, de Courten B. The promising role of Transcendental Meditation in the prevention and treatment of cardiometabolic diseases: A systematic review. Obes Rev 2024; 25:e13800. [PMID: 39072971 DOI: 10.1111/obr.13800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 06/22/2024] [Accepted: 06/23/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
Psychological distress has a demonstrable impact on cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and risk factors. Transcendental Meditation (TM) has been shown to reduce stress and improve health and well-being. The current review aimed to synthesize the evidence on the effects of TM on cardiometabolic outcomes and identify gaps for future research. We searched PubMed/MEDLINE, EMBASE, SCOPUS, and Web of Science databases for relevant literature. Forty-five papers that reported studies of TM on cardiometabolic risk factors and diseases were included. Evidence shows that TM is effective in reducing blood pressure (BP). We found some evidence that TM can improve insulin resistance and may play a role in improving dyslipidemia, exercise tolerance, and myocardial blood flow, and in reducing carotid intima-media thickness and left ventricular mass. Studies show that long-term TM practice can reduce the risk of myocardial infarction, stroke, and CVD mortality. This review identified that certain studies have high participant drop-out rates, and fewer studies targeted comprehensive cardiometabolic outcomes beyond BP with longer follow-up periods. We found that most studies were conducted in specific populations, which may limit generalizability. In conclusion, TM has the potential to improve cardiometabolic health; however, research gaps highlight the need for larger phase III multicenter clinical trials with long-term follow-ups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahesh Kumar Khanal
- School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Leila Karimi
- School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Peter Saunders
- School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Robert H Schneider
- College of Integrative Medicine, Maharishi International University, Fairfield, Iowa, USA
- Institute for Prevention Research, Vedic City, Iowa, USA
| | - John Salerno
- Institute for Prevention Research, Vedic City, Iowa, USA
| | - Karen Livesay
- School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Karen T Hallam
- School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Barbora de Courten
- School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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Hareru HE, Mamo TT, Abebe M, Debela BG. Health-promoting behavior and its determinants towards non-communicable diseases among adult residents of the Gedeo zone, South Ethiopia: the application of the health belief model. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1453281. [PMID: 39324155 PMCID: PMC11423864 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1453281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2024] [Accepted: 08/20/2024] [Indexed: 09/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Non-communicable diseases are becoming a challenge for the health care system in Ethiopia, which has suffered a double burden from infectious and rapidly increasing non-communicable diseases. However, there is little information on health-promoting behavior in the study settings. Thus, the purpose of this study was to determine health-promoting behaviors and its associated factors among adult's residents of Gedeo zone. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted among 705 adult residents of Gedeo zone, south Ethiopia, selected using a multi-stage sampling technique. Interviews administered through a structured questionnaire were used to collect the data. The data were entered using Kobo Collect and analyzed using Stata version 17. The baseline characteristics of the participants were summarized using descriptive statistics. The independent sample t-test and one-way ANOVA were used to compare two groups and more than two groups, respectively. Stepwise multiple linear regression analysis was used to identify the potential determinants of health-promoting behavior and its components. Statistically significant factors were declared at p-value of less than or equal to 0.05. Results The overall means score for health-promoting behavior was 73.88 ± 16.79. Physical activity and spiritual growth had the lowest and highest mean scores, respectively. The variables: gender, marital status, education, family history of NCDs, health insurance status, perceived health status, knowledge of NCD risk factors, risk perception of NCDs, expected outcome, cues to action, and self-efficacy showed a statistically significant difference in overall health-promoting behavior. The total health-promoting behavior score was associated with age, gender, perceived health status, marital status, family history of NCDs, health insurance, knowledge of NCD risk factors, perceived threat, expected outcome, self-efficacy, and cues to action. Conclusion and recommendations In the study, the mean score of health-promoting behaviors was low. Socio-demographic and economic variables, family history of NCD, perceived health status, knowledge of NCD risk factors, perceived threat, expected outcome, self-efficacy, and cues to action affect health-promoting behaviors. Therefore, the study suggests establishing health promotion programs to increase residents' awareness of health-promoting lifestyles, empower them to adopt healthy lifestyles, and improve health outcomes by increasing self-efficacy, providing education, and creating supportive environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Habtamu Endashaw Hareru
- School of Public Health, College of Health Sciences and Medicine, Dilla University, Dilla, Ethiopia
| | - Tizalegn Tesfaye Mamo
- School of Public Health, College of Health Sciences and Medicine, Dilla University, Dilla, Ethiopia
| | - Mesfin Abebe
- Department of Midwifery, College of Health Sciences and Medicine, Dilla University, Dilla, Ethiopia
| | - Berhanu Gidisa Debela
- School of Public Health, College of Health Sciences and Medicine, Dilla University, Dilla, Ethiopia
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Sukhabogi JR, Doshi D, Vaggala B, Billa AL. Development and validation of dental visiting behavior among adults based on health belief model. J Oral Biol Craniofac Res 2024; 14:620-625. [PMID: 39252796 PMCID: PMC11381785 DOI: 10.1016/j.jobcr.2024.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Revised: 05/27/2024] [Accepted: 08/13/2024] [Indexed: 09/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Aim This study aimed to develop and validate an instrument, Dental Visiting Behavior Based on Health Belief Model among Adults (DVBHBM), and to assess factors influencing adults' dental visiting behavior based on Health Belief Model. Materials and methods This cross-sectional study was conducted among 277 adults in Hyderabad, India. The DVBHBM instrument, based on Health Belief Model, was developed, validated, and distributed among participants. Exploratory factor analysis, reliability analysis, descriptive analysis, independent t-tests, and path analysis were conducted to explore construct validity, internal consistency, attitudes, and relationship among variables. Results Participants with discomfort exhibited higher perceived susceptibility (3.70 ± 1.15) compared to those with regular dental visits (2.84 ± 1.26, p < 0.05). Conversely, individuals with regular dental visits demonstrated significantly greater perceived benefits (22.32 ± 2.5) than those experiencing discomfort (19.76 ± 3.36, p = 0.001). Perceived barriers were lower among individuals with regular dental visits (11.01 ± 4.61) compared to those experiencing discomfort (12.71 ± 4.26, p = 0.001). Participants with regular dental visits also perceived the severity of not visiting a dentist (3.87 ± 0.95) more strongly than those experiencing discomfort (2.91 ± 1.03, p = 0.000). Cues to action were more pronounced in individuals with discomfort (3.34 ± 1.06) compared to those with regular dental visits (2.98 ± 1.07, p < 0.05). Conclusion Participants exhibiting discomfort in dental visits had significantly higher perceived susceptibility, perceived barriers, cues to action and self-efficacy towards dental visits. However, factors such as age, gender, marital status, income, brushing, flossing and tobacco use did not impact dental visiting behaviour of adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jagadeeswara Rao Sukhabogi
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Government Dental College & Hospital, Afzalgunj, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Dolar Doshi
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Government Dental College & Hospital, Afzalgunj, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Bhavyatha Vaggala
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Government Dental College & Hospital, Afzalgunj, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Aishwarya Lakshmi Billa
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Government Dental College & Hospital, Afzalgunj, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
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Havighurst SS, Mangelsdorf SN, Boswell N, Little J, Zhang A, Gleeson K, Hussain A, Harley A, Radovini A, Kehoe CE. A self-paced online emotion socialization intervention for parents of children with challenging behavior: Tuning in to Kids OnLine. Front Psychol 2024; 15:1393708. [PMID: 39268375 PMCID: PMC11390426 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1393708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 08/13/2024] [Indexed: 09/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Evidence-based parenting programs delivered using online technology are an important way to enhance program uptake. To date, programs that address emotion socialization processes, such as Tuning in to Kids, have always been delivered in person, via group or one-to-one delivery. This study used a randomized control design to examine the efficacy of the self-paced Tuning in to Kids OnLine (TIKOL). Method Participants were 150 parents of children aged 4-10 years old with challenging behaviors, randomized into intervention or 10-month waitlist control. Parents and teachers completed questionnaires at baseline and 6 months after the intervention (equivalent time points for controls) measuring parent wellbeing, parent emotion socialization, parent efficacy, child behavior, and anxiety. Results Analyses, using mixed methods multilevel modeling, showed that intervention parents reported significantly reduced emotion dismissiveness and increased emotion coaching, empathy and efficacy compared to controls who did not. Parents participating in TIKOL also reported that their children's behavior problems and anxiety were significantly improved. Greater engagement (modules watched and duration of support calls) was associated with more significant improvements. Conclusion Findings provide preliminary support for the efficacy of TIKOL in improving parents' emotion socialization and reducing child behavior problems and anxiety, especially when efforts to support online engagement are utilized. Further evaluation using independent observations and a sample representing a wider demographic would strengthen these findings. Clinical trial registration Australian and New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry No. ACTRN12618000310268.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie S Havighurst
- Mindful: Centre for Training and Research in Developmental Health, Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Shaminka N Mangelsdorf
- Mindful: Centre for Training and Research in Developmental Health, Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Nikki Boswell
- Mindful: Centre for Training and Research in Developmental Health, Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Jonathon Little
- Mindful: Centre for Training and Research in Developmental Health, Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Abby Zhang
- Mindful: Centre for Training and Research in Developmental Health, Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Kate Gleeson
- Mindful: Centre for Training and Research in Developmental Health, Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Aniqa Hussain
- Mindful: Centre for Training and Research in Developmental Health, Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Ann Harley
- Mindful: Centre for Training and Research in Developmental Health, Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Alessandra Radovini
- Mindful: Centre for Training and Research in Developmental Health, Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Christiane E Kehoe
- Mindful: Centre for Training and Research in Developmental Health, Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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Wang L, Guo M, Wang Y, Chen R, Wei X. The relationship between influenza vaccine hesitancy and vaccine literacy among youth and adults in China. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1444393. [PMID: 39161763 PMCID: PMC11330759 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1444393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2024] [Accepted: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 08/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Objectives The present study aimed to assess influenza vaccine hesitancy and vaccine literacy levels among youth and adults in China, as well as the association between them. Methods An online cross-sectional survey was conducted in Mainland China. Participants' total vaccine literacy and three sub-dimension vaccine literacy (knowledge literacy, competence literacy, and decision-making literacy) were assessed by a validated vaccine literacy scale. Having received influenza vaccination in the past three years or intending to accept it in next influenza season indicates less influenza vaccine hesitancy. Results Among 997 participants, a sub-optimal vaccine literacy was observed, with a mean score of 66.83 ± 10.27. Regression models 1-4 revealed that participants with middle (aOR: 1.431, P=0.039, 95% CI: 1.018~2.010) or high (aOR: 1.651, P=0.006, 95% CI: 1.157~2.354) total vaccine literacy, as well as those with high competence literacy (aOR: 1.533, P=0.017, 95% CI: 1.079~2.180), or high decision-making literacy (aOR: 1.822, P=0.001, 95% CI: 1.261~2.632) were more likely to have been vaccinated against influenza at least once in past three years. However, those with a high knowledge literacy were associated with a lower influenza vaccine rate (aOR: 0.676, P=0.046, 95% CI: 0.460~0.994). Regression models 5-8 revealed that participants with middle (aOR: 1.661, P=0.008, 95% CI: 1.142~2.414) or high total vaccine literacy (aOR: 2.645, P=0.000, 95% CI: 1.774~3.942), as well as those with middle (aOR: 1.703, P=0.005, 95% CI: 1.177~2.464) or high competence literacy (aOR: 2.346, P=0.000, 95% CI: 1.159~3.461), or high decision-making literacy (aOR: 2.294, P=0.000, 95% CI: 1.531~3.436) were more likely to express the willingness to receive the influenza vaccine in the next influenza season. Conclusion The participants' influenza vaccine hesitancy was negatively associated with their total vaccine literacy levels and two of the three sub-dimensions: competence literacy and decision-making literacy. Knowledge literacy suggested a positive or no relationship with influenza vaccine hesitancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Wang
- School of Health Service Management, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Mengjie Guo
- School of Health Service Management, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Yan Wang
- School of Health Service Management, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Ren Chen
- School of Health Service Management, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Xiaolin Wei
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Institute of Health Policy, Management, and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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Fujimoto H, Iida M, Takeuchi S, Shinohara E, Kubota K, Nakamura S. Effects of an individualized nutritional educational program in pregnant women: A randomized controlled trial in Japan. Jpn J Nurs Sci 2024; 21:e12599. [PMID: 38636537 DOI: 10.1111/jjns.12599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
AIM To evaluate the effectiveness of an individualized nutritional education program in promoting adequate nutrient intake in pregnant women. METHODS A stratified randomized controlled trial was conducted. Participants were stratified by factors affecting the primary outcome and randomly assigned to the intervention or control groups. Intervention group participants received an individualized 30-min booklet-based education program in their 2nd and 3rd trimesters; the control group received usual care. The primary outcome was protein intake after the intervention, which was compared between the intervention and control groups. Secondary outcomes included comparing the amount of increase of protein before and after the intervention. Nutrient intake was measured using a self-administered short dietary history questionnaire, and analyses of covariance and t tests were performed. RESULTS Of the 130 participants, 66 were assigned to the intervention group and 64 to the control group. There was no difference in protein intake between the two groups after the intervention (p = .051, 95% CI [-0.021, 12.4]). Comparing the increase in protein intake before and after intervention, the intervention group was 7.4 g/day higher than that of the control group (p = .040; F = 4.31; effect size = 0.36). CONCLUSIONS The primary outcome, a comparison of protein intake between the groups after the program, revealed no significant differences. However, on comparing the amount of protein increase before and after the intervention, the intervention group's increase was significantly higher than that of the control group. Results indicate the potential for individualized face-to-face interventions for pregnant women in Japan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hisae Fujimoto
- Department of Nursing, Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Mariko Iida
- Department of Nursing, Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Shoko Takeuchi
- Department of Nursing, Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Eriko Shinohara
- Department of Nursing, Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Kazumi Kubota
- Department of Nursing, Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Japan
- Department of Healthcare Information Management, The University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Sachiyo Nakamura
- Department of Nursing, Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Japan
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McCartan CJ, Yap J, Best P, Breedvelt J, Breslin G, Firth J, Tully MA, Webb P, White C, Gilbody S, Churchill R, Davidson G. Factors that influence participation in physical activity for people with bipolar disorder: a synthesis of qualitative evidence. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2024; 6:CD013557. [PMID: 38837220 PMCID: PMC11152184 DOI: 10.1002/14651858.cd013557.pub2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mental health problems contribute significantly to the overall disease burden worldwide and are major causes of disability, suicide, and ischaemic heart disease. People with bipolar disorder report lower levels of physical activity than the general population, and are at greater risk of chronic health conditions including cardiovascular disease and obesity. These contribute to poor health outcomes. Physical activity has the potential to improve quality of life and physical and mental well-being. OBJECTIVES To identify the factors that influence participation in physical activity for people diagnosed with bipolar disorder from the perspectives of service users, carers, service providers, and practitioners to help inform the design and implementation of interventions that promote physical activity. SEARCH METHODS We searched MEDLINE, PsycINFO, and eight other databases to March 2021. We also contacted experts in the field, searched the grey literature, and carried out reference checking and citation searching to identify additional studies. There were no language restrictions. SELECTION CRITERIA We included qualitative studies and mixed-methods studies with an identifiable qualitative component. We included studies that focused on the experiences and attitudes of service users, carers, service providers, and healthcare professionals towards physical activity for bipolar disorder. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS We extracted data using a data extraction form designed for this review. We assessed methodological limitations using a list of predefined questions. We used the "best fit" framework synthesis based on a revised version of the Health Belief Model to analyse and present the evidence. We assessed methodological limitations using the CASP Qualitative Checklist. We used the GRADE-CERQual (Confidence in the Evidence from Reviews of Qualitative research) guidance to assess our confidence in each finding. We examined each finding to identify factors to inform the practice of health and care professionals and the design and development of physical activity interventions for people with bipolar disorder. MAIN RESULTS We included 12 studies involving a total of 592 participants (422 participants who contributed qualitative data to an online survey, 170 participants in qualitative research studies). Most studies explored the views and experiences of physical activity of people with experience of bipolar disorder. A number of studies also reported on personal experiences of physical activity components of lifestyle interventions. One study included views from family carers and clinicians. The majority of studies were from high-income countries, with only one study conducted in a middle-income country. Most participants were described as stable and had been living with a diagnosis of bipolar disorder for a number of years. We downgraded our confidence in several of the findings from high confidence to moderate or low confidence, as some findings were based on only small amounts of data, and the findings were based on studies from only a few countries, questioning the relevance of these findings to other settings. We also had very few perspectives of family members, other carers, or health professionals supporting people with bipolar disorder. The studies did not include any findings from service providers about their perspectives on supporting this aspect of care. There were a number of factors that limited people's ability to undertake physical activity. Shame and stigma about one's physical appearance and mental health diagnosis were discussed. Some people felt their sporting skills/competencies had been lost when they left school. Those who had been able to maintain exercise through the transition into adulthood appeared to be more likely to include physical activity in their regular routine. Physical health limits and comorbid health conditions limited activity. This included bipolar medication, being overweight, smoking, alcohol use, poor diet and sleep, and these barriers were linked to negative coping skills. Practical problems included affordability, accessibility, transport links, and the weather. Workplace or health schemes that offered discounts were viewed positively. The lack of opportunity for exercise within inpatient mental health settings was a problem. Facilitating factors included being psychologically stable and ready to adopt new lifestyle behaviours. There were positive benefits of being active outdoors and connecting with nature. Achieving balance, rhythm, and routine helped to support mood management. Fitting physical activity into a regular routine despite fluctuating mood or motivation appeared to be beneficial if practised at the right intensity and pace. Over- or under-exercising could be counterproductive and accelerate depressive or manic moods. Physical activity also helped to provide a structure to people's daily routines and could lead to other positive lifestyle benefits. Monitoring physical or other activities could be an effective way to identify potential triggers or early warning signs. Technology was helpful for some. People who had researched bipolar disorder and had developed a better understanding of the condition showed greater confidence in managing their care or providing care to others. Social support from friends/family or health professionals was an enabling factor, as was finding the right type of exercise, which for many people was walking. Other benefits included making social connections, weight loss, improved quality of life, and better mood regulation. Few people had been told of the benefits of physical activity. Better education and training of health professionals could support a more holistic approach to physical and mental well-being. Involving mental health professionals in the multidisciplinary delivery of physical activity interventions could be beneficial and improve care. Clear guidelines could help people to initiate and incorporate lifestyle changes. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS There is very little research focusing on factors that influence participation in physical activity in bipolar disorder. The studies we identified suggest that men and women with bipolar disorder face a range of obstacles and challenges to being active. The evidence also suggests that there are effective ways to promote managed physical activity. The research highlighted the important role that health and care settings, and professionals, can play in assessing individuals' physical health needs and how healthy lifestyles may be promoted. Based on these findings, we have provided a summary of key elements to consider for developing physical activity interventions for bipolar disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire J McCartan
- IMPACT Research Centre, Northern Health & Social Care Trust, Antrim, UK
| | - Jade Yap
- Mental Health Foundation, London, UK
| | - Paul Best
- School of Social Sciences, Education & Social Work, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - Josefien Breedvelt
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Gavin Breslin
- School of Psychology, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - Joseph Firth
- Division of Psychology & Mental Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Mark A Tully
- Institute of Mental Health Sciences, School of Health Sciences, Ulster University, Newtownabbey, UK
| | | | | | - Simon Gilbody
- Mental Health and Addiction Research Group, Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, UK
| | - Rachel Churchill
- Centre for Reviews and Dissemination, University of York, York, UK
- Cochrane Common Mental Disorders, University of York, York, UK
| | - Gavin Davidson
- School of Social Sciences, Education & Social Work, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
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Wang H, Feng Z, Zheng Z, Yang J. Chinese undergraduates' mental health help-seeking behavior: the health belief model. Front Psychol 2024; 15:1377669. [PMID: 38817829 PMCID: PMC11137748 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1377669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024] Open
Abstract
The detection rate of mental health problems among undergraduates has recently risen significantly. However, undergraduates underutilize mental health services; approximately a third only of undergraduates in need of treatment use school counseling resources. Based on a social psychological theoretical framework, the health belief model, factors of undergraduates' willingness to seek help when dealing with psychological problems were investigated. A cross-sectional online questionnaire and a snowball sampling method with 446 undergraduates investigated perceived susceptibility, perceived severity, perceived behavioral benefits, perceived barriers, self-efficacy, and cues to action to understand how students' mental health-seeking behaviors are affected. We found that perceived susceptibility (p < 0.01), perceived severity (p < 0.01), perceived benefits (p < 0.01), perceived barriers (p < 0.01), self-efficacy (p < 0.01), and cues to action (p < 0.01) significantly correlated with behavioral intention. Encouragement or counseling from others would be more likely to motivate undergraduates to seek mental health help. In addition, we used a bias-corrected Bootstrap approach to test the significance of the mediating effect, the mediation effect of cues to action between undergraduates' perceived susceptibility and mental health help-seeking behavior was utterly significant [mediation effect value of 0.077, with an SE value of 0.027 and a 95% CI (0.028, 0.133)]. It demonstrated that those who perceived themselves to be at high risk of developing a mental illness and who had received encouragement or counseling to seek mental health help were more likely to be motivated to seek mental health help. Multiple regression analyses indicated that self-efficacy (Z = 5.425, p < 0.01) and cues to action (Z = 6.673, p < 0.01) independently influenced behavioral intentions. Encouragement or counseling from others would be more likely to motivate undergraduates to seek mental health help.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Zhuowen Feng
- College of Literature and News Communication, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
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Shin YH, Im J, Jung SE, Kim H, Shin HW. Factors influencing baby boomers' intention to choose a dish featuring plant-based meat alternatives (PBMA) at a restaurant: Findings from an online panel study. Appetite 2024; 196:107283. [PMID: 38403200 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2024.107283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to examine the psychosocial determinants of baby boomers'-born between 1946 and 1964- intention to choose a menu item featuring plant-based meat alternatives (PBMA) when dining out. The specific objectives are as follows: 1) to identify the baby boomer generation's health-related perceptions about PBMA, and 2) to examine the factors that influence baby boomers' intention to choose a dish featuring PBMA at a restaurant. A total of 174 responses obtained using the Qualtrics panel were analyzed with content analysis and partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM). The findings identified various underlying perceptions of baby boomers toward PBMA, such as perceived health outcomes, perceived availability, and willingness to purchase. Furthermore, subjective norm, cues to action, and self-identity were found to be significant predictors of the intention to choose a menu item featuring PBMA when dining out. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeon Ho Shin
- Department of Human Nutrition and Hospitality Management, The University of Alabama, 457A Russell Hall, Tuscaloosa, AL, USA.
| | - Jinyoung Im
- School of Hospitality and Tourism Management, Oklahoma State University, 365 Nancy Randolph Davis, Stillwater, OK, USA.
| | - Seung Eun Jung
- Department of Human Nutrition and Hospitality Management, The University of Alabama, 486 Russell Hall, Tuscaloosa, AL, USA.
| | - Haemi Kim
- Department of Human Nutrition and Hospitality Management, The University of Alabama, 416 Russell Hall, Tuscaloosa, AL, USA.
| | - Hhye Won Shin
- Department of Human Nutrition and Hospitality Management, The University of Alabama, 434 Russell Hall, Tuscaloosa, AL, USA.
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Crowther ME, Ferguson SA, Gupta CC, Reynolds AC. The Development and Validation of the Health Belief Model for Shift Workers (HBM-SW) Scale. Behav Sleep Med 2024; 22:353-377. [PMID: 37807653 DOI: 10.1080/15402002.2023.2265520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Shift work is associated with circadian misalignment, sleep loss, and suboptimal health behaviors, which may contribute to longer term negative health outcomes. To inform future interventions for shift workers, the present study aimed to develop and evaluate the Health Belief Model for Shift Workers (HBM-SW) scale. METHODS The HBM-SW development involved a seven-step process, including a literature review, expert panel analysis, cognitive interviews with shift workers, and a trial with a pilot sample of shift workers (n = 153). Utilizing exploratory factor analysis for factor identification and item reduction, the developed scale loaded on seven factors in line with the theoretical framework of the Health Belief Model: Perceived Threat, Perceived Severity, Perceived Benefits, Perceived Barriers, Cues to Action, Self-efficacy, and Health Motivation. Validation of the scale was conducted utilizing Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, International Physical Activity Questionnaire, and Food Frequency Questionnaire. RESULTS The pilot sample had an average age of 34.0 (18.0) years, was majority female (54.2%), with an average of 8.0 (11.0) years shift work experience. The HBM-SW showed good - excellent (α = 0.74-0.93) internal consistency and moderate - good (ICC = 0.64-0.89) test re-test reliability. Using health behavior outcome measures, the HBM-SW scale showed meaningful correlations with sleep quality, sleep duration, diet quality and leisure time physical activity, and acceptable validity and reliability. Further testing should be conducted in a larger sample to facilitate confirmatory factor analysis. CONCLUSIONS The developed Health Belief Model for Shift Workers scale is likely beneficial for use in future studies of interventions for shift workers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meagan E Crowther
- Appleton Institute, CQUniversity Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Sally A Ferguson
- Appleton Institute, CQUniversity Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Charlotte C Gupta
- Appleton Institute, CQUniversity Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Amy C Reynolds
- Flinders Health and Medical Research Institute (Sleep Health), Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
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Muller JL, Tomlin L, March S, Jackson B, Budden T, Law KH, Dimmock JA. Understanding parent perspectives on engagement with online youth-focused mental health programs. Psychol Health 2024; 39:613-630. [PMID: 35758102 DOI: 10.1080/08870446.2022.2090561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Revised: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/11/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Online youth-focused health programs often include parent modules-that equip parents with skills to assist their child in improving their health-alongside youth-specific content. BRAVE Self-Help, an evidence-based program designed for children and teenagers with early signs of anxiety, is a popular Australian program that includes six parent modules. Despite its popularity and proven efficacy, BRAVE Self-Help shares the same challenge as many online self-help programs-that of low participant engagement. Using parents registered in BRAVE Self-Help as 'information rich' participants, we explored (a) factors that influenced parent engagement in online health programs, and (b) their recommendations for enhancing parent engagement. DESIGN AND OUTCOME MEASURE We conducted semi-structured interviews with 14 parents registered in BRAVE Self-Help. Data were analysed through reflexive thematic analysis. RESULTS Social-, family- and program-related factors drove parents' program engagement and recommendations. Social sub-themes related to the benefits of professional and community support in promoting more engagement. Family sub-themes included difficulties with program engagement due to competing priorities, perceptions that condition severity influenced engagement, and feelings that previously-acquired health knowledge reduced motivation to engage. Program sub-themes included perceived usefulness and ease-of-use. CONCLUSION Program designers could target support systems, include flexible delivery options, and use iterative design processes to enhance parent engagement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica L Muller
- College of Healthcare Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia
| | - Luke Tomlin
- School of Human Sciences (Exercise and Sport Science), University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Sonja March
- School of Psychology and Counselling and Centre for Health Research, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, Queensland, Australia
| | - Ben Jackson
- School of Human Sciences (Exercise and Sport Science), University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- Telethon Kids Institute, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Timothy Budden
- School of Human Sciences (Exercise and Sport Science), University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Kwok Hong Law
- College of Healthcare Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia
| | - James A Dimmock
- College of Healthcare Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia
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12
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Abdullah N, Kueh YC, Kuan G, Wong MS, Tee V, Tengku Alang TAI, Hamid N, Lee YY. Structural equation models of health behaviour, psychological well-being, symptom severity and quality of life in abdominal bloating. PeerJ 2024; 12:e17265. [PMID: 38708340 PMCID: PMC11067892 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.17265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The objective of this study was to investigate the inter-relationship between psychosocial variables and their impact on symptom severity and quality of life (QoL) concerning abdominal bloating. Methods The study adopted a cross-sectional design with purposive sampling. Participants who consented and met the criteria for bloating based on the Rome IV classification completed designated questionnaires. Independent variables comprised health beliefs, intentions, health-promoting behaviors, social support, depression, and anxiety, while dependent variables included bloating severity (general and within 24 h) and QoL. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) was conducted utilizing Mplus 8.0 to analyze the relationships between these factors. Results A total of 323 participants, with a mean age of 27.69 years (SD = 11.50), predominantly females (64.7%), volunteered to participate in the study. The final SEM model exhibited good fit based on various indices (CFI = 0.922, SRMR = 0.064, RMSEA (95% CI) = 0.048 (0.041-0.054), p-value = 0.714), with 15 significant path relationships identified. The model explained 12.0% of the variance in severity within 24 h, 6% in general severity, and 53.8% in QoL. Conclusion The findings underscore the significant influence of health beliefs, intentions, behaviors, social support, depression, and anxiety on symptom severity and QoL in individuals experiencing abdominal bloating.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nurzulaikha Abdullah
- Biostatistics and Research Methodology Unit, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
- Faculty of Data Science and Computing, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Yee Cheng Kueh
- Biostatistics and Research Methodology Unit, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Garry Kuan
- Exercise and Sport Science, School of Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Kubang Kerian, Malaysia
| | - Mung Seong Wong
- Department of Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Vincent Tee
- Department of Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | | | - Nurhazwani Hamid
- Department of Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Yeong Yeh Lee
- Department of Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
- GI & Motility Unit, Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
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Ledoux T, Gamal B, Duque A, Berens PD. Receiving gestational weight gain recommendations and associated risks: A qualitative study among low-income women. Midwifery 2024; 131:103939. [PMID: 38330743 DOI: 10.1016/j.midw.2024.103939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
Appropriate weight gain goals promote healthy gestational weight gain (GWG). Despite receiving recommendations from their providers, most women do not know how much weight they should gain during pregnancy. This study sought to describe the experiences of pregnant women when given GWG recommendations. The research proceeded using a phenomenological approach. With Institutional Review Board approval, primigravida women with a healthy singleton pregnancy at 8-20 weeks gestation were recruited from the community and purposively from a low-income obstetrics clinic. Within 60-minutes, trained interviewers 1) presented GWG recommendations and associated risks; and 2) interviewed participants using a semi-structured guide. Participants received a $40 gift card. Interviews were recorded and transcribed. Two trained coders used Braun and Clarke's (2020) reflexive thematic analysis procedures. When presented with GWG information, participants (n = 29, Mage = 25.5, 4.7 SD) proceeded to: 1) make sense of the information, 2) evaluate the credibility of the information, 3) weigh the importance of the information, 4) predict likely outcomes, and 5) plan behaviors. Participants who were able to understand the information, found it to be credible and important, and who predicted adverse outcomes for failing to adhere to recommendations reported intentions for health promoting behaviors. Future research should test GWG counseling methods based on these cognitive processes. Clinicians should consider these 5 cognitive processes when providing initial GWG counseling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tracey Ledoux
- Department of Health and Human Performance, University of Houston, 3875 Holman Street, Houston 77204, TX, USA.
| | - Basant Gamal
- Department of Health and Human Performance, University of Houston, 3875 Holman Street, Houston 77204, TX, USA
| | - Alejandra Duque
- Department of Health and Human Performance, University of Houston, 3875 Holman Street, Houston 77204, TX, USA
| | - Pamela D Berens
- McGovern School of Medicine, University of Texas Health Sciences Center, 6431 Fannin St, Houston 77030, TX, USA
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Aggrey-Bluwey L, Abekah-Nkrumah G. Determinants of vaccination decisions and lived experiences of Ghanaians with the COVID-19 pandemic; a qualitative study. Vaccine X 2024; 17:100463. [PMID: 38425414 PMCID: PMC10901909 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvacx.2024.100463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Two years after the WHO declared a state of emergency as a result of the rapid spread of the COVID-19 virus from Wuhan, China, the rate of new infections experienced intermittent flare-ups globally, with vaccinations still ongoing in countries such as Ghana. One year after the implementation of Ghana's COVID-19 vaccine deployment program, Ghanaians have had the opportunity to reflect on their vaccination decisions, albeit the initial vaccine hesitancy. Objectives The current paper examined the knowledge and lived experiences of Ghanaians during the COVID-19 pandemic, and the factors influencing their vaccination decisions, one year after COVID-19 vaccinations commenced in Ghana, with special focus on the social and geographical histories which influenced their vaccination decisions. Methodology A qualitative approach using a case study design was used to conduct in-depth interviews among 25 respondents who were 18 years and above, not pregnant, and willing to participate in the study, between 5th and 23rd September 2022. Data was collected in 5 hotspot areas in Ghana with the highest cumulative case counts. A semi-structured interview guide was used to collect data which was analyzed using a thematic approach. Findings Respondents demonstrated a good level of knowledge on COVID-19 and related vaccines. Fear, panic, and anxiety were some of the experiences lived by respondents during the pandemic. The factors influencing vaccination decisions included conspiracy theories about COVID-19 and related vaccines, subjective notions about the COVID-19 disease, and subjective notions about the vaccine. The type of community one lived in, taboos, and previous successful vaccination programs in the community were geographic factors that informed respondents' decision to vaccinate or not. Social circles, religion, opinion leaders, and media-based campaigns were the social factors that influenced respondents' decision to vaccinate or not.
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15
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Tesfaye A, Tamiru D, Belachew T. Effect of nutrition counseling on nutritional status and gestational weight gain of pregnant adolescents in West Arsi, Central Ethiopia: a cluster randomized controlled trial. Sci Rep 2024; 14:5070. [PMID: 38429426 PMCID: PMC10907709 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-55709-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024] Open
Abstract
When pregnancy occurs in adolescence, the growth and development of the mother and fetus may be impaired due to strong competition for nutrients between the still-growing adolescent and the fetus. Pregnant adolescents constitute an underserved population; they lack adequate nutritional knowledge. Therefore, this study investigated the effect of nutritional behavior change communication (NBCC) through alliance for development (AFD) on the nutritional status and gestational weight gain (GWG) of pregnant adolescents. A two-arm parallel cluster randomized controlled community trial was conducted in the West Arsi Zone, central Ethiopia, from August 2022 to July 2023. The nutritional status of the pregnant adolescent was assessed using mid-upper arm circumference. Weight was measured at baseline and at the end of the intervention. A total of 207 and 219 pregnant adolescents participated in the intervention and control clusters, respectively. The intervention started before 16 weeks of gestation, and the intervention group attended four NBCC sessions. The NBCC was based on the health belief model (HBM) and was given at the participants' homes with their husbands. The NBCC intervention was delivered by AFDs and community-level health actors. Pregnant adolescents in the control group received routine nutrition education from the health care system. A linear mixed-effects model and difference in difference (DID) were used to measure the intervention effect after adjusting for potential confounders. After the implementation of the trial, the mean mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC) in the intervention arm significantly increased from baseline (p ≤ 0.001), 23.19 ± 2.1 to 25.06 ± 2.9 among intervention group and 23.49 ± 2.1 to 23.56 ± 2.0 among control group and the mean difference in the MUAC (DID) was 1.89 ± 2 cm (p ≤ 0.001); the mean GWG in the intervention arm significantly increased from baseline; 51.54 ± 4.7 to 60.98 ± 4.6 among intervention group and 52.86 ± 5.27 to 58 ± 5.3 among control group; the mean GWG in the intervention group was 9.4 kg, and that in the control group was 5.14 kg, and the difference in difference was 4.23 kg and this was statically significant p ≤ 0.001). This study demonstrated that the use of the HBM for NBCC delivered through the AFD was effective at improving the nutritional status and GWG of pregnant adolescents. These results imply the need for the design of model-based nutritional counseling guidelines.Clinical trial registration: PACTR202203696996305, Pan African Clinical Trials Registry, date of first registration: 16/03/2022.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adane Tesfaye
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Public Health, Institute of Health, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia.
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Science, Dilla University, Dilla, Ethiopia.
| | - Dessalegn Tamiru
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Public Health, Institute of Health, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia
| | - Tefera Belachew
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Public Health, Institute of Health, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia
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Bénard M, Robert M, Méjean C, Allès B, Kesse-Guyot E, Paolassini-Guesnier P, Bellisle F, Etilé F, Reach G, Hercberg S, Touvier M, Péneau S. The association between consideration of future consequences and food intake is mediated by food choice motives in a French adult population. Public Health Nutr 2024; 27:e82. [PMID: 38326937 DOI: 10.1017/s1368980023002501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Consideration of future consequences (CFC) distinguishes individuals who adopt behaviours based on immediate needs and concerns from individuals who consider the future consequences of their behaviours. We aimed to assess the association between CFC and diet, and testing the mediating role of food choice motives on this relationship. DESIGN Individuals (aged ≥ 18 years) completed the CFC-12 questionnaire in 2014, at least three 24-h dietary records, and a food choice motive questionnaire. A multiple mediator analysis allowed to assess the mediating effect of food choice motives on the cross-sectional association between CFC and diet, adjusted for socio-demographic factors. SETTING Data from the NutriNet-Santé cohort study. PARTICIPANTS 27 330 participants. RESULTS CFC was associated with all food choice motives (P < 0·001), with the strongest positive associations for avoidance for environmental reasons, absence of contaminants and health motives and the strongest negative associations for innovation and convenience. Positive total effects were found between CFC and the consumption of healthy food groups (fruits and vegetables, whole-grain foods, legumes), and negative total effects for alcohol, meat and poultry and processed meat (P < 0·001). CFC was positively associated with diet quality (P < 0·001). Across food groups, major mediators of these relationships were higher health (8·4-32·6%), higher environmental (13·7-22·1 %) and lower innovation (7·3-25·1 %) concerns. CONCLUSIONS CFC was associated with healthier dietary intake, essentially mediated by a greater motivation of future-oriented participants for self-centred and altruistic outcomes, including health and environment. Focusing on the awareness of future benefits in public health interventions might lead to healthier dietary behaviours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Bénard
- Sorbonne Paris Nord University, Inserm U1153, Inrae U1125, Cnam, Nutritional Epidemiology Research Team (EREN), Epidemiology and Statistics Research Center - University of Paris (CRESS), 74, rue Marcel Cachin, 93017Bobigny, France
| | - Margaux Robert
- Sorbonne Paris Nord University, Inserm U1153, Inrae U1125, Cnam, Nutritional Epidemiology Research Team (EREN), Epidemiology and Statistics Research Center - University of Paris (CRESS), 74, rue Marcel Cachin, 93017Bobigny, France
| | - Caroline Méjean
- Sorbonne Paris Nord University, Inserm U1153, Inrae U1125, Cnam, Nutritional Epidemiology Research Team (EREN), Epidemiology and Statistics Research Center - University of Paris (CRESS), 74, rue Marcel Cachin, 93017Bobigny, France
- MOISA, Univ Montpellier, INRAE, CIRAD, CIHEAM-IAMM, Montpellier SupAgro, Montpellier, France
| | - Benjamin Allès
- Sorbonne Paris Nord University, Inserm U1153, Inrae U1125, Cnam, Nutritional Epidemiology Research Team (EREN), Epidemiology and Statistics Research Center - University of Paris (CRESS), 74, rue Marcel Cachin, 93017Bobigny, France
| | - Emmanuelle Kesse-Guyot
- Sorbonne Paris Nord University, Inserm U1153, Inrae U1125, Cnam, Nutritional Epidemiology Research Team (EREN), Epidemiology and Statistics Research Center - University of Paris (CRESS), 74, rue Marcel Cachin, 93017Bobigny, France
| | - Pauline Paolassini-Guesnier
- Sorbonne Paris Nord University, Inserm U1153, Inrae U1125, Cnam, Nutritional Epidemiology Research Team (EREN), Epidemiology and Statistics Research Center - University of Paris (CRESS), 74, rue Marcel Cachin, 93017Bobigny, France
| | - France Bellisle
- Sorbonne Paris Nord University, Inserm U1153, Inrae U1125, Cnam, Nutritional Epidemiology Research Team (EREN), Epidemiology and Statistics Research Center - University of Paris (CRESS), 74, rue Marcel Cachin, 93017Bobigny, France
| | - Fabrice Etilé
- Paris School of Economics and INRAE, UMR1393 PjSE, 48 Boulevard Jourdan, Paris, France
| | - Gérard Reach
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Avicenne Hospital, Bobigny, France
| | - Serge Hercberg
- Sorbonne Paris Nord University, Inserm U1153, Inrae U1125, Cnam, Nutritional Epidemiology Research Team (EREN), Epidemiology and Statistics Research Center - University of Paris (CRESS), 74, rue Marcel Cachin, 93017Bobigny, France
- Public Health Department, Avicenne Hospital, Bobigny, France
| | - Mathilde Touvier
- Sorbonne Paris Nord University, Inserm U1153, Inrae U1125, Cnam, Nutritional Epidemiology Research Team (EREN), Epidemiology and Statistics Research Center - University of Paris (CRESS), 74, rue Marcel Cachin, 93017Bobigny, France
| | - Sandrine Péneau
- Sorbonne Paris Nord University, Inserm U1153, Inrae U1125, Cnam, Nutritional Epidemiology Research Team (EREN), Epidemiology and Statistics Research Center - University of Paris (CRESS), 74, rue Marcel Cachin, 93017Bobigny, France
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Al-Haroni H, Nik Farid ND, Azanan MS. Effectiveness of education intervention, with regards to physical activity level and a healthy diet, among Middle Eastern adolescents in Malaysia: A study protocol for a randomized control trial, based on a health belief model. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0289937. [PMID: 38232100 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0289937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Among the most urgent public health challenges, of the twenty-first century, is obesity. This can be attributed to its relationship with several non-communicable diseases (NCDs), as well as premature mortality. Being overweight or obese is a major concern not only in high-income countries, but also in low-income and middle-income countries, particularly in urban areas. Several studies have highlighted the prevalence of obesity, among Middle Eastern-descent adolescents, studying in Arabic secondary schools, located in Malaysia. Intervention studies, directed at Middle Eastern adolescents in Malaysia, are limited. This paper, describes the protocol, for an integrated health education intervention process. Titled 'Healthy lifestyle', it is a primary prevention process, aimed at curbing obesity and disordered eating, among Middle Eastern secondary school adolescents, aged 13-14 years old, residing in Malaysia. METHODS AND ANTICIPATED RESULTS A cluster randomized controlled study will be conducted, involving 250 Middle Eastern adolescents, in Arabic schools in Malaysia. The participants will be randomly assigned to the intervention and control groups. While the intervention group participates in six weeks of fortnightly six sessions (45 minutes per session), the control group will carry on with their regular curriculums, and normal physical activity routines. The variables which will be evaluated include anthropometric measurements, knowledge, attitude, daily routines, physical activity, sedentary behaviour, food assessment, eating attitudes test-26, and a structured questionnaire based on the HBM. Data will be collected from the intervention and control groups at baseline, post-intervention, and two months following the intervention. Data analysis will be performed by way of the SPSS Statistics software version 26. The generalized estimating equation (GEE) will be used, to test the effect of the intervention program, with regards to the selected variables (outcomes), between and within-group at baseline, as well as six weeks and two months following intervention, after adjusting for clustering. Outcomes will be assessed at each time point, along with a derived average over all three-time points; thus, ensuring that both the cumulative and overall effects are determined. CONCLUSIONS This trial will provide useful information for improving the knowledge, attitude, and practices of Middle Eastern adolescents, with regards to body weight status, physical activity level, nutrition status (BMI and dietary intake), and disordered eating. This will go a long way, towards ensuring their adherence to appropriate physical activities, and a healthy diet, to keep non-communicable diseases at bay. TRIAL REGISTRATION This study is registered at NCT: NCT05694143.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanan Al-Haroni
- Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sana'a University, Sana'a, Yemen
| | - Nik Daliana Nik Farid
- Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Centre for Population Health, Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Mohamad Shafiq Azanan
- Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Qin C, Du M, Wang Y, Liu Q, Yan W, Tao L, Liu M, Liu J. Assessing acceptability of the fourth dose against COVID-19 among Chinese adults: A population-based survey. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2023; 19:2186108. [PMID: 36892289 PMCID: PMC10026929 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2023.2186108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has wreaked havoc across the globe for approximately three years. Vaccination is a key factor to ending this pandemic, but its protective effect diminishes over time. A second booster dose at the right time is needed. To explore the willingness to receive the fourth dose of the COVID-19 vaccine and its influencing factors, we commenced a national, cross-sectional and anonymous survey in mainland China among people aged 18 and above from October 24 to November 7, 2022. A total of 3,224 respondents were eventually included. The acceptance rate of the fourth dose was 81.1% (95% CI: 79.8-82.5%), while it was 72.6% (95% CI: 71.1-74.2%) for a heterologous booster. Confidence in current domestic situation and the effectiveness of previous vaccinations, and uncertainty about extra protection were the main reasons for vaccine hesitancy. Perceived benefit (aOR = 1.29, 95% CI: 1.159-1.40) and cues to action (aOR = 1.73, 95% CI: 1.60-1.88) were positively associated with the vaccine acceptance, whereas perceived barriers (aOR = 0.78, 95% CI: 0.72-0.84) and self-efficacy (aOR = 0.79, 95% CI: 0.71-0.89) were both negatively associated with it. Additionally, sex, age, COVID-19 vaccination history, time for social media, and satisfaction with the government's response to COVID-19 were also factors affecting vaccination intention. Factors influencing the intention of heterologous booster were similar to the above results. It is of profound theoretical and practical significance to clarify the population's willingness to vaccinate in advance and explore the relevant influencing factors for the subsequent development and promotion of the fourth-dose vaccination strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenyuan Qin
- School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Min Du
- School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yaping Wang
- School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Qiao Liu
- School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Wenxin Yan
- School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Liyuan Tao
- Research Center of Clinical Epidemiology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Min Liu
- School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Jue Liu
- School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Institute for Global Health and Development, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, National Health and Family Planning Commission of the People's Republic of China, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Global Center for Infectious Disease and Policy Research & Global Health and Infectious Diseases Group, Peking University, Beijing, China
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Amanvermez Y, Karyotaki E, Cuijpers P, Ciharova M, Donker M, Hurks P, Salemink E, Spinhoven P, Struijs S, de Wit LM. A Guided, Internet-Based Stress Management Intervention for University Students With High Levels of Stress: Feasibility and Acceptability Study. JMIR Form Res 2023; 7:e45725. [PMID: 37948106 PMCID: PMC10674149 DOI: 10.2196/45725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2023] [Revised: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Transitioning to adulthood and challenges in university life can result in increased stress levels among university students. Chronic and severe stress is associated with deleterious psychological and physiological effects. Digital interventions could succeed in approaching and helping university students who might be at risk; however, the experiences of students with internet-based stress management interventions are insufficiently understood. OBJECTIVE This study aims to explore the feasibility; acceptability; and changes in perceived stress, depressive symptoms, and quality of life from baseline to posttest assessment of a 5-session, internet-based stress management intervention guided by an e-coach, developed for university students experiencing high levels of stress. METHODS A single-arm study was conducted. Students were recruited from different channels, mainly from a web survey. Students were eligible if they (1) scored ≥20 on the Perceived Stress Scale-10, (2) were aged ≥18 years, and (3) were studying at one of the participating universities. Feasibility and acceptability of the intervention were investigated using several indications, including satisfaction (Client Satisfaction Questionnaire-8) and usability (System Usability Scale-10). We also investigated the indicators of intervention adherence using use metrics (eg, the number of completed sessions). Our secondary goal was to explore the changes in perceived stress (Perceived Stress Scale-10), depressive symptoms (Patient Health Questionnaire-9), and quality of life (EQ-5D-5L scale) from baseline to posttest assessment. In addition, we conducted semistructured interviews with intervention completers and noncompleters to understand user experiences in depth. For all primary outcomes, descriptive statistics were calculated. Changes from baseline to posttest assessment were examined using 2-tailed paired sample t tests or the Wilcoxon signed rank test. Qualitative data were analyzed using thematic analysis. RESULTS Of 436 eligible students, 307 (70.4%) students started using the intervention. Overall, 25.7% (79/307) completed the core sessions (ie, sessions 1-3) and posttest assessment. A substantial proportion of the students (228/307, 74.3%) did not complete the core sessions or the posttest assessment. Students who completed the core sessions reported high satisfaction (mean 25.78, SD 3.30) and high usability of the intervention (mean 86.01, SD 10.25). Moreover, this group showed large reductions in perceived stress (Cohen d=0.80) and moderate improvements in depression score (Cohen d=0.47) and quality of life (Cohen d=-0.35) from baseline to posttest assessment. Qualitative findings highlight that several personal and intervention-related factors play a role in user experience. CONCLUSIONS The internet-based stress management intervention seems to be feasible, acceptable, and possibly effective for some university students with elevated stress levels. However, given the high dropout rate and qualitative findings, several adjustments in the content and features of the intervention are needed to maximize the user experience and the impact of the intervention. TRIAL REGISTRATION Netherlands Trial Register 8686; https://onderzoekmetmensen.nl/nl/trial/20889. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID) RR2-10.1016/j.invent.2021.100369.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yagmur Amanvermez
- Department of Clinical, Neuro and Developmental Psychology, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Department of Medical and Clinical Psychology, Tilburg University, Tilburg, Netherlands
| | - Eirini Karyotaki
- Department of Clinical, Neuro and Developmental Psychology, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Pim Cuijpers
- Department of Clinical, Neuro and Developmental Psychology, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Marketa Ciharova
- Department of Clinical, Neuro and Developmental Psychology, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Black Dog Institute, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Marianne Donker
- Department of Health Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Petra Hurks
- Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Elske Salemink
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | | | - Sascha Struijs
- Department of Clinical, Neuro and Developmental Psychology, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Leonore M de Wit
- Department of Clinical, Neuro and Developmental Psychology, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, Netherlands
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20
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Karloh M, Matias TS, de Oliveira JM, de Lima FF, Araújo Pinheiro DH, Barbosa GB, Furlanetto KC, Carvalho CRF. Breaking barriers to rehabilitation: the role of behavior change theories in overcoming the challenge of exercise-related behavior change. Braz J Phys Ther 2023; 27:100574. [PMID: 38056192 PMCID: PMC10749239 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjpt.2023.100574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Promoting exercise-related behavior change in rehabilitation is a challenge. The lack of integration between rehabilitation program prescriptions, behavior change interventions, and behavioral change theories is profound. Using behavior change theories properly is crucial for better adherence and promoting positive outcomes. Therefore, it is essential to bring theories that support the understanding of exercise-related behavioral change to the attention of rehabilitation practitioners. OBJECTIVE This masterclass article aims to provide the theoretical background of theories and strategies for exercise behavior change within the physical therapy context based on acknowledged behavioral change theoretical models. METHODS This is a narrative review that examines six behavior theories; five of them well-established, and a new (and promising) theory that has exhibited the most favorable outcomes in rehabilitation settings. The development process for this masterclass included conversations between authors, reviewing behavior theories, summarizing and discussing the theories' concepts and strategies for physical therapy. RESULTS The included theories were self-determination theory, social-cognitive theory, the transtheoretical model, the theory of planned behavior, the health belief model, and the unifying theory of physical activity. Each theory offers a unique perspective on exercise behavior change within rehabilitation, exploring constructs such as motivation, self-efficacy, stages of change, behavioral intention, perceived threat, and the core elements of physical activity expression. CONCLUSION These theoretical models provide a foundation for understanding and developing strategies for promoting exercise behavior change in rehabilitation. Knowing and using these theories is important for respecting the patient's individuality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuela Karloh
- Center for Assistance, Teaching and Research in Pulmonary Rehabilitation (NuReab). Center for Health Sciences and Sport (CEFID), Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Florianópolis, SC, Brazil; Graduate Program in Physical Therapy, Center for Health Sciences and Sport (CEFID), Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Florianópolis, SC, Brazil.
| | - Thiago Sousa Matias
- Department of Physical Education, School of Sports, Graduate Program in Physical Education, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis, SC, Brazil; Graduate Program in Public Health, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Joice Mara de Oliveira
- Laboratory of Research in Respiratory Physical Therapy (LFIP), Department of Physical Therapy, Universidade Estadual de Londrina (UEL), Londrina, PR, Brazil; Graduate Program in Rehabilitation Sciences, Universidade Pitágoras-Unopar (UNOPAR), Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | - Fabiano Francisco de Lima
- Physical Therapy Department, School of Medicine, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Graziele Besen Barbosa
- Center for Assistance, Teaching and Research in Pulmonary Rehabilitation (NuReab). Center for Health Sciences and Sport (CEFID), Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Florianópolis, SC, Brazil; Graduate Program in Physical Therapy, Center for Health Sciences and Sport (CEFID), Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Karina Couto Furlanetto
- Laboratory of Research in Respiratory Physical Therapy (LFIP), Department of Physical Therapy, Universidade Estadual de Londrina (UEL), Londrina, PR, Brazil; Graduate Program in Rehabilitation Sciences, Universidade Pitágoras-Unopar (UNOPAR), Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | - Celso R F Carvalho
- Physical Therapy Department, School of Medicine, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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21
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Varol ZS, Çiçeklioğlu M. Postpartum family planning attitudes among Turkish women: development of a reliable and valid scale. Prim Health Care Res Dev 2023; 24:e59. [PMID: 37850456 PMCID: PMC10594533 DOI: 10.1017/s1463423623000476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Revised: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM The aim of this study was to develop a scale based on the Health Belief Model (HBM) to assess the family planning (FP) attitudes of postpartum women with 0- to 12-month-old infants residing in eight neighbourhoods of the Bornova province, Izmir, Turkey. INTRODUCTION Family planning is an integral component of maternal and infant health during the postpartum period and is a fundamental aspect of healthcare services in the prenatal and postnatal period. METHODS The Postpartum Family Planning Attitude Scale (PFPAS) was developed in four stages: item pool development, content validity evaluation, pilot study, and reliability and validity assessment. The PFPAS was administered to 292 women. The developed scale comprised 27 items and six sub-dimensions. Cronbach's alpha coefficient was used to evaluate the reliability of the scale. Construct validity was evaluated using confirmatory factor analysis. FINDINGS Cronbach's alpha coefficient was 0.88, indicating good reliability. Confirmatory factor analysis validated the structural validity of the scale, with a chi-square/degree of freedom ratio of 2.24, an RMSEA value of 0.068, and a CFI value of 0.95. The lowest and highest possible scores for the PFPAS were 27 and 135, respectively, with a mean total score of 105.32 ± 11.91.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeynep Sedef Varol
- Department of Public Health, Division of Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, Dokuz Eylül University, Turkey
| | - Meltem Çiçeklioğlu
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Ege University, Turkey
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22
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Zhang X, Raghavan V, Yang X. Health perceptions and attitudes on mobile health apps in China. Health Informatics J 2023; 29:14604582231207745. [PMID: 37837412 DOI: 10.1177/14604582231207745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2023]
Abstract
Since the COVID-19 pandemic, the use of mobile health apps has been increasing significantly. Many have started using mobile health apps to manage their health and well-being. People need to develop healthy habits that will increase their job productivity, life expectancy and improve their social relationships. This study tests the Health Belief Model with adults in China in influencing health motivation and in turn improving their health behavior. A mobile and online survey was developed, and 120 usable responses were collected. A structural equation modeling was used to test the relationships between perceived benefits, perceived susceptibility, perceived barriers, health motivation, and health behavior. We found perceived self-efficacy, perceived benefits, and perceived susceptibility predicts health motivation, and health motivation predicts health behavior. We did not find that perceived barrier is a predictor for health motivation. We conclude that to encourage behavioral change, it is important to enhance self-efficacy and address the benefits; in the meantime, educating people on susceptibility is also important.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoni Zhang
- Management, Information Systems and Quantitative Methods, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Vijay Raghavan
- Information Systems & Analytics, Northern Kentucky University, Highland Heights, KY, USA
| | - Xueyan Yang
- Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Linan, China
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23
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Gray KM, Blanchard MR, LePrevost CE. Educator beliefs and organizational constraints: Factors that influence informal education about fish consumption advisories in a southeastern US state. SUSTAINABLE ENVIRONMENT 2023; 9:2259716. [PMID: 38031579 PMCID: PMC10686613 DOI: 10.1080/27658511.2023.2259716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
All US states, and many countries around the world, have waterways with environmental health advisories intended to protect individuals from harmful chemicals in fish, yet little is known about how informal science educators, even those who engage anglers along waterways, incorporate advisory information into their educational activities. This study, grounded in environmental health literacy, investigated the practices, knowledge, and beliefs of 24 informal educators housed in varied agencies and organizations in a southeastern US state. Participants described a range of educational activities and identified organizational constraints on their education about fish consumption advisories, which varied by organization type. Their knowledge of relevant environmental health concepts was incomplete, and they described health and teaching beliefs consistent with limited focus on advisory education. Local government and nonprofit educators were well positioned to educate anglers about advisories, due to their freedom to design and deliver instruction and their regular contact with anglers. Educators in wildlife agencies had more contact with anglers and were identified as potential conduits given their interactions, but organizational constraints (such as educators' ability to choose content/pedagogy and conflicting missions of agencies) would need to be addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathleen M. Gray
- Institute for the Environment, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
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24
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Lan X, Su B, Liang S, Yu M, Qiao Y, Wang L, Song M, Wang Y, Xu J. Willingness of people living with HIV to receive a second COVID-19 booster dose: a multicenter cross-sectional study in China. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1227277. [PMID: 37680268 PMCID: PMC10480566 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1227277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has significantly affected the global population, with People Living with HIV (PLWH) being particularly vulnerable due to their compromised immune systems. Although vaccination is a crucial preventative measure against the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus, little is understood about the willingness of PLWH to receive a second COVID-19 booster dose and the factors that may influence this decision. This study investigates the willingness of PLWH in China to receive a second COVID-19 booster dose and its influencing factors, comparing these with a group of healthy individuals. Methods A multicenter cross-sectional study was conducted across five Chinese cities, namely, Beijing, Tianjin, Zhengzhou, Hohhot, and Harbin. Participants were recruited through five community-based organizations. Data were collected via participant self-administered questionnaires included demographic information, willingness to receive a second COVID-19 booster dose, and knowledge about HIV and COVID-19 vaccination. Factors influencing vaccination willingness were identified using multivariable logistic regression analyzes. Results A total of 156 PLWH and 151 healthy individuals were included in the study. After adjusting for potential confounders, it was found that PLWH demonstrated a lower willingness to receive a second COVID-19 booster dose compared to healthy individuals (77.6% vs. 88.7%, p = 0.009). Lower willingness was associated with HIV positive status (Adjusted Odds Ratio [AOR]: 0.39, 95%CI: 0.20, 0.75), perceived barriers (AOR: 0.05, 95%CI: 0.01, 0.26), and perceived severity (AOR: 0.32, 95%CI: 0.12, 0.90). Conclusion PLWH in China demonstrated a lower willingness to receive a second COVID-19 booster dose compared to healthy individuals. The findings suggest that perceptions and understanding of the COVID-19 vaccination and its necessity for protection against SARS-CoV-2 could influence this willingness. Efforts should be made to strengthen and disseminate knowledge about HIV and COVID-19 vaccinations among this population. In addition, developing interventions and policies that target specific subgroups and address misconceptions about vaccination could be instrumental in improving vaccination rates among PLWH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinquan Lan
- Clinical Research Academy, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Peking University, Shenzhen, China
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Bin Su
- Beijing Key Laboratory for HIV/AIDS Research, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Shijie Liang
- Department of Infection, Zhengzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Maohe Yu
- Department of AIDS/STD Control and Prevention, Tianjin Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Tianjin, China
| | - Ying Qiao
- Department of Infection, The Second Hospital of Hohhot, Hohhot, China
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Infection, Heilongjiang Provincial Hospital, Harbin, China
| | - Moxin Song
- Clinical Research Academy, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Peking University, Shenzhen, China
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yuxiao Wang
- Clinical Research Academy, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Peking University-The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Medical Center, Shenzhen, China
| | - Junjie Xu
- Clinical Research Academy, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Peking University, Shenzhen, China
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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25
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Bertholet N, Schmutz E, Studer J, Adam A, Gmel G, Cunningham JA, McNeely J, Daeppen JB. Effect of a smartphone intervention as a secondary prevention for use among university students with unhealthy alcohol use: randomised controlled trial. BMJ 2023; 382:e073713. [PMID: 37586742 PMCID: PMC10428135 DOI: 10.1136/bmj-2022-073713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To estimate the effects of providing access to an alcohol intervention based on a smartphone. DESIGN Randomised controlled trial.. SETTING Four higher education institutions in Switzerland. PARTICIPANTS 1770 students (≥18 years) who screened positive for unhealthy alcohol use (ie, a score on the alcohol use disorders identification test-consumption (AUDIT-C) of ≥4 for men and ≥3 for women) were randomly assigned by 1:1 allocation ratio in blocks of 10. INTERVENTION Providing access to a brief, smartphone based alcohol intervention. OUTCOME MEASURES The primary outcome studied was number of standard drinks per week at six months and the secondary outcome was number of heavy drinking days (past 30 days). Additional outcomes were maximum number of drinks consumed on one occasion, alcohol related consequences, and academic performance. Follow-up assessments occurred at months three, six, and 12. Data were analysed by intention to treat and by using generalised linear mixed models with random intercepts for the recruitment site and participants nested within the recruitment site, and with intervention (v control), time (three months v six months; 12 months v six months), and baseline outcome values as fixed effects. RESULTS Between 26 April 26 2021 and 30 May 2022, 1770 participants (intervention group (n=884); control group (n=886)) were included. Mean age was 22.4 years (standard deviation 3.07); 958 (54.1%) were women; and 1169 (66.0%) were undergraduate students, 533 (30.1%) were studying for a master's degree, 43 (2.4%) were studying for a doctorate, and 25 (1.4%) were students of other higher education programme. The baseline mean number of standard drinks per week was 8.59 (standard deviation 8.18); the baseline number of heavy drinking days was 3.53 (4.02). Of 1770 participants, follow-up rates were 1706 (96.4%) at three months, 1697 (95.9%) at six months, and 1660 (93.8%) at 12 months. Of 884 students randomly assigned to the intervention group, 738 (83.5%) downloaded the smartphone application. The intervention had a significant overall effect on the number of standard drinks per week (incidence rate ratio 0.90 (95% confidence interval 0.85 to 0.96)), heavy drinking days (0.89 (0.83 to 0.96)), and the maximum number of drinks consumed on one occasion (0.96 (0.93 to 1.00), P=0.029), indicating significantly lower drinking outcomes in the intervention group than in the control group during the follow-up period. The intervention did not affect alcohol related consequences or academic performance. CONCLUSIONS Providing access to the smartphone application throughout the 12 month follow-up was effective at limiting the average drinking volume of university students who had self-reported unhealthy alcohol use at baseline. TRIAL REGISTRATION ISRCTN 10007691.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Bertholet
- Addiction Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Elodie Schmutz
- Addiction Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Joseph Studer
- Addiction Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Service of Adult Psychiatry North-West, Department of Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Angéline Adam
- Addiction Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Gerhard Gmel
- Addiction Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - John A Cunningham
- National Addiction Centre, King's College, London, UK
- Center for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Jennifer McNeely
- New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jean-Bernard Daeppen
- Addiction Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
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Pilch M, van Rietschoten T, Ortiz-Catalan M, Lendaro E, van der Sluis CK, Hermansson L. Interplay Between Innovation and Intersubjectivity: Therapists Perceptions of Phantom Motor Execution Therapy and Its Effect on Phantom Limb Pain. J Pain Res 2023; 16:2747-2761. [PMID: 37577161 PMCID: PMC10422994 DOI: 10.2147/jpr.s412895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Interpersonal processes, including therapeutic alliance, may modulate the impact of interventions on pain experience. However, the role of interpersonal context on the effects of technology-enhanced interventions remains underexplored. This study elicited therapists' perspectives on how a novel rehabilitative process, involving Phantom Motor Execution (PME), may impact phantom limb pain. The mediating role of therapeutic alliance, and the way PME influenced its formation, was investigated. Methods A qualitative descriptive design, using a framework method, was used to explore therapists' (n=11) experiences of delivering PME treatment. Semi-structured online-based interviews were conducted. Results A 3-way interaction between therapist, patient, and the PME device was an overarching construct tying four themes together. It formed the context for change in phantom limb experience. The perceived therapeutic effects (theme 1) extended beyond those initially hypothesised and highlighted the mediating role of the key actors and context (theme 2). The therapeutic relationship was perceived as a transformative journey (theme 3), creating an opportunity for communication, collaboration, and bonding. It was seen as a cause and a consequence of therapeutic effects. Future directions, including the role of expertise-informed adaptations and enabling aspects of customised solutions, were indicated (theme 4). Conclusion This study pointed to intrapersonal, interpersonal, and contextual factors that should be considered in clinical implementation of novel rehabilitative tools. The results demonstrated that therapists have unique insights and a crucial role in facilitating PME treatment. The study highlighted the need to consider the biopsychosocial model of pain in designing, evaluating, and implementing technology-supported interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Pilch
- Centre for Health Policy & Management, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Tijn van Rietschoten
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Groningen, the Netherlands
- University of Groningen, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Max Ortiz-Catalan
- Center for Bionics and Pain Research, Mölndal, Sweden
- Bionics Institute, Melbourne, VC, Australia
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Eva Lendaro
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Corry K van der Sluis
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Liselotte Hermansson
- Department of Prosthetics and Orthotics, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
- University Health Care Research Center, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
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Zhou J, Zhao L, Liu Y, He L, Yang F, Wang H, Fan J, Li Q, Guo S, Wang Y, Liu Y, Zhou D, Tan Q. Relationship between health information literacy and health promoting lifestyle among first-degree relatives of patients with colorectal cancer in China: the mediating effect of health belief. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1178848. [PMID: 37522002 PMCID: PMC10382199 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1178848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background History of first-degree relatives with colorectal cancer is one of the most important and common risk factors for colorectal cancer in China. Most chronic diseases, such as malignancies, are preventable by adopting health-promoting behaviors and other approaches. However, the relationships among factors affecting the health-promoting lifestyles of first-degree relatives with colorectal cancer have not been sufficiently studied. This study aimed to test the mediation effects of Health belief in the relationship between health-promoting lifestyle and health information literacy among first-degree relatives with colorectal cancer. Methods A cross-sectional descriptive design was conducted using convenience sampling of 856 first-degree relatives of CRC patients attending three tertiary care hospitals in Nanchong and Deyang of China from December 2020 to December 2022. Questionnaires were used to collect data on the participants' demographic information, the colorectal cancer health beliefs, the health promotion lifestyle, and the health information literacy. Data were analyzed with descriptive statistics, one-way ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficients, and mediation analysis using SPSS 25.0 program and its macro-program PROCESS. Results The findings indicated health information literacy was less, health belief was at the medium level, and performance of health promotion behavior was average for first-degree relatives of colorectal cancer. Whereas first-degree relatives of colorectal cancer health-promotion lifestyle had a positive correlation with health beliefs (r = 0.376, p < 0.01) and health information literacy (r = 0.533, p < 0.01), health beliefs had a positive correlation with health information literacy (r = 0.337, p < 0.01). Health beliefs mediated the positive effect of health information literacy on health-promoting lifestyles (β =0.420, 95% CI, 0.288-0.581), and indirect effects accounted for 14.0% of the total effect. Conclusion Health information literacy and health beliefs are key factors associated with a health-promoting lifestyle among first-degree relatives with colorectal cancer. These factors have direct and indirect effects on each other and on health-promoting lifestyles. To enhance health-promoting lifestyles among first-degree relatives with colorectal cancer, interventions that strengthen health beliefs and provide health information literacy should be developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingru Zhou
- Department of Nursing, Deyang People's Hospital, Deyang, Sichuan, China
- Department of Nursing, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Li Zhao
- Department of Nursing, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Yanjun Liu
- Department of Infection, Mianzhu People’s Hospital, Mianzhu, Sichuan, China
| | - Lin He
- Department of Nursing, Deyang People's Hospital, Deyang, Sichuan, China
| | - Fang Yang
- Department of Nursing, Deyang People's Hospital, Deyang, Sichuan, China
| | - Haichao Wang
- Department of Nursing, Nanchong Health School, Nanchong, Sichuan, China
| | - Jing Fan
- Department of Nursing, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Qianer Li
- Department of Nursing, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Sisi Guo
- Department of Nursing, Deyang People's Hospital, Deyang, Sichuan, China
| | - Yanfen Wang
- Department of Nursing, Deyang People's Hospital, Deyang, Sichuan, China
| | - Yan Liu
- Department of Nursing, Deyang People's Hospital, Deyang, Sichuan, China
| | - Dan Zhou
- Department of Nursing, Deyang People's Hospital, Deyang, Sichuan, China
| | - Qin Tan
- Department of Nursing, Deyang People's Hospital, Deyang, Sichuan, China
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Moyo SA, Mashau NS, Makhado L. Growth Monitoring and Promotion Index Development: A Novel Approach. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:2011. [PMID: 37510452 PMCID: PMC10379847 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11142011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Revised: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There are few growth monitoring and promotion indexes, and currently none of them include any metrics that measure caregiver behaviours. No index to date combines the metrics of both community health worker activeness and caregiver barriers and facilitators towards growth monitoring and promotion (GMP). This study developed a new growth monitoring and promotion index and validated it using the Delphi Technique. METHODS The study began with phase 1, which was a scoping review of the literature on GMP indexes. Phase 2 involved a community health worker (CHW) survey which explored the process of GMP within the Umguza health system, and determined how knowledge of GMP by CHWs translated to frequency of activities. A barrier analysis was also conducted with caregivers of children under five to determine the barriers and facilitators towards GMP attendance by caregivers. Phase 3 was the construction of the index along with its validation, using the Delphi Technique where fifteen experts within the health and nutrition sector were consulted to analyse the constructs/variables of the index. RESULTS A growth monitoring and promotion index was developed and validated by several technical experts in the health and nutrition sector in Zimbabwe. CONCLUSIONS A new index has been developed to improve the quality of growth monitoring and promotion activities within the communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shamiso Alice Moyo
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Venda, Thohoyandou 0950, South Africa
| | - Ntsieni Stella Mashau
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Venda, Thohoyandou 0950, South Africa
| | - Lufuno Makhado
- Office of the Executive Dean, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Venda, Thohoyandou 0950, South Africa
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Wakwoya EB, Belachew T, Girma T. Effects of intensive nutrition education and counseling on nutritional status of pregnant women in East Shoa Zone, Ethiopia. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1144709. [PMID: 37469548 PMCID: PMC10352577 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1144709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Nutritional status is defined as an individual's health condition as it is influenced by the intake and utilization of nutrients. Maternal malnutrition is widespread throughout the world, with Sub-Saharan Africa and Asia bearing the brunt of the burden. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of intensive nutrition education and counseling on nutritional status during pregnancy. Methods and materials The study was a one-year, two-arm parallel design cluster randomized controlled trial conducted in the East Shoa zone, Ethiopia, from January 1, 2021, to February 30, 2022. A total of 374 participants were enrolled in the intervention (n = 185) and control (n = 189) groups. End-line data were collected from 163 women, from each group. The intervention package provided three counseling sessions by trained midwives, three-page take-home brochures prepared in local languages, and the delivery of 18 weekly serial short text messages. The women in the control group received routine nutrition education from the health facilities. After adjusting for potential confounders, a linear mixed-effects model was employed to assess the intervention effect. Results After the intervention, the mean mid-upper arm circumference in the intervention group increased by 1.8% (23.08 vs. 23.44, p < 0.01). Similarly, the proportion of undernutrition in the intervention group was 11% (25 vs. 36%, p = 0.02) lower compared to the control arm. At the end of the trial, women in the intervention arm had significantly better nutritional status than women in the control group (β = 0.47, p < 0.01). Conclusion The findings showed that intensive nutrition education and counseling using the health belief model was effective in improving nutritional status and reducing undernutrition among pregnant women. As a result, nutrition education and counseling using HBM constructs, as well as regular reminder messages, should be provided to pregnant women as part of the routine antenatal care service.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tefera Belachew
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia
| | - Tsinuel Girma
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia
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Reach G, Calvez A, Sritharan N, Boubaya M, Lévy V, Sidorkiewicz S, Fiani M. Patients' Perceived Importance of Medication and Adherence in Polypharmacy, a Quantitative, Cross-Sectional Study Using a Questionnaire Administered in Three Doctors' Private Practices in France. Drugs Real World Outcomes 2023:10.1007/s40801-023-00361-7. [PMID: 36997772 DOI: 10.1007/s40801-023-00361-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 04/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Among the determinants of nonadherence, polypharmacy (common in people with multiple pathologies and especially in elderly patients), plays a major role. OBJECTIVE In patients who are subject to polypharmacy involving different classes of medications, the first aim is to assess the impact of medication importance given by patients on (i) medication adherence and (ii) the respective effect of intentionality and habit in medication importance and medication adherence. The second objective is to compare the importance given to medication and adherence in the different therapeutic classes. PATIENTS AND METHODS Patients taking 5-10 different medications for at least 1 month were included in a cross-sectional survey in three private practices in one region in France. RESULTS This study included 130 patients (59.2 % female) with 851 medications in total. The mean ± standard deviation (SD) age was 70.5 ± 12.2 years. The mean ± SD of medications taken was 6.9 ± 1.7. Treatment adherence had a strong positive correlation with the patient-perceived medication importance (p < 0.001). Counter-intuitively, taking a large number of medications (≥7) was associated with being fully adherent (p = 0.02). A high intentional nonadherence score was negatively associated with high medication importance (p = 0.003). Furthermore, patient-perceived medication importance was positively associated with taking treatment by habit (p = 0.03). Overall nonadherence more strongly correlated with unintentional nonadherence (p < 0.001) than with intentional nonadherence (p = 0.02). Compared to the antihypertensive class, a decrease in adherence by medication was observed in psychoanaleptics (p < 0.0001) and drugs used in diabetes class (p = 0.002), and a decrease in importance in lipid-modifying agents class (p = 0.001) and psychoanaleptics (p < 0.0001). CONCLUSION The perception of the importance of a medicine is associated with the place of intentionality and habit in patient adherence. Therefore, explaining the importance of a medicine should become an important part of patient education.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gérard Reach
- Health Education and Promotion Laboratory (LEPS UR 3412), Sorbonne Paris Nord University, 74 rue Marcel Cachin 93017, Bobigny Cedex, France.
| | - Aurélie Calvez
- Department of General Practice, University of Picardy Jules Verne, Amiens, France
| | | | - Marouane Boubaya
- Department of Clinical Research, CHU Avicenne, APHP, Bobigny, France
| | - Vincent Lévy
- Department of Clinical Research, CHU Avicenne, APHP, Bobigny, France
| | - Stéphanie Sidorkiewicz
- Department of General Medicine, University of Paris Cité, 75014, Paris, France
- University of Paris Cité, Centre of Research in Epidemiology and Statistics Sorbonne Paris Cité (CRESS), INSERM, UMR 1153, 75004, Paris, France
| | - May Fiani
- Health Education and Promotion Laboratory (LEPS UR 3412), Sorbonne Paris Nord University, 74 rue Marcel Cachin 93017, Bobigny Cedex, France
- Department of General Practice, University of Picardy Jules Verne, Amiens, France
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Bertholet N, Schmutz E, Cunningham JA, McNeely J, Gmel G, Daeppen JB, Grazioli VS. Development of a Secondary Prevention Smartphone App for Students With Unhealthy Alcohol Use: Results From a Qualitative Assessment. JMIR Hum Factors 2023; 10:e41088. [PMID: 36881448 PMCID: PMC10031438 DOI: 10.2196/41088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite considerable efforts devoted to the development of prevention interventions aiming at reducing unhealthy alcohol use in tertiary students, their delivery remains often challenging. Interventions including information technology are promising given their potential to reach large parts of the population. OBJECTIVE This study aims to develop a secondary prevention smartphone app with an iterative qualitative design involving the target population. METHODS The app development process included testing a first prototype and a second prototype, developed based on the results of 2 consecutive qualitative assessments. Participants (aged ≥18 years, screened positive for unhealthy alcohol use) were students from 4 tertiary education institutions in the French-speaking part of Switzerland. Participants tested prototype 1 or prototype 2 or both and provided feedback in 1-to-1 semistructured interviews after 2-3 weeks of testing. RESULTS The mean age of the participants was 23.3 years. A total of 9 students (4/9 female) tested prototype 1 and participated in qualitative interviews. A total of 11 students (6/11 female) tested prototype 2 (6 who tested prototype 1 and 5 new) and participated in semistructured interviews. Content analysis identified 6 main themes: "General Acceptance of the App," "Importance of the Targeted and Relevant App Content," "Importance of Credibility," "Importance of the App Usability," "Importance of a Simple and Attractive Design," "Importance of Notifications to Ensure App Use over Time." Besides a general acceptance of the app, these themes reflected participants' recommendations toward increased usability; to improve the design; to include useful and rewarding contents; to make the app look serious and credible; and to add notifications to ensure its use over time. A total of 11 students tested prototype 2 (6 who tested prototype 1 and 5 new) and participated in semistructured interviews. The 6 same themes emerged from the analysis. Participants from phase 1 generally found the design and content of the app improved. CONCLUSIONS Students recommend prevention smartphone apps to be easy to use, useful, rewarding, serious, and credible. These findings may be important to consider when developing prevention smartphone apps to increase the likelihood of app use over time. TRIAL REGISTRATION ISRCTN registry 10007691; https://www.isrctn.com/ISRCTN10007691. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID) RR2-10.1186/s13063-020-4145-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Bertholet
- Addiction Medicine Unit, Department of Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Elodie Schmutz
- Addiction Medicine Unit, Department of Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - John A Cunningham
- National Addiction Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, Kings College London, London, United Kingdom
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Jennifer McNeely
- Section on Tobacco, Alcohol and Drug Use, Department of Population Health, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York City, NY, United States
| | - Gerhard Gmel
- Addiction Medicine Unit, Department of Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jean-Bernard Daeppen
- Addiction Medicine Unit, Department of Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Véronique S Grazioli
- Department of Vulnerabilities and Social Medicine, Center for Primary Care and Public Health, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
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Darisi RD, Buckland AJ, Morales M, Ingram M, Harris E, Holzberg JR. Vaccine hesitancy and the willingness to recommend the COVID-19 vaccine to children in a rural country on the United States-Mexico border. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1127745. [PMID: 37206870 PMCID: PMC10189097 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1127745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction As of October 26, 2022, only 9% of children in the United States aged 6 months to 4 years have received at least one dose of COVID-19 vaccine despite FDA approval since June 17, 2022. Rates are better yet still low for children aged 5 to 11 years as nearly 30% were fully vaccinated as of August 23, 2022. Vaccine hesitancy among adults is one of the major factors affecting low vaccine uptake rates in children against COVID-19, yet most studies examining vaccine hesitancy have targeted school-age and adolescent children. Methods With the aim of assessing the willingness to recommend the COVID-19 vaccination to children under 5 years compared to children 5 to 12 years of age, a county-wide survey was conducted between January 11 and March 7, 2022, among adults on the United States-Mexico border. Results Among the 765 responses, 72.5% were female and 42.3% were Latinx. The most significant factor associated with likelihood to recommend the COVID-19 vaccine to children less than 5 years and 5-12 years of age was adult vaccination status. Ordinal logistic regression also indicated that ethnicity, primary language, being a parent, previous COVID-19 infection, and concern about getting COVID-19 in the future were significantly associated with likelihood of COVID-19 vaccine recommendation to children < 5 years and 5-12 years old. Discussion This study found high consistency among respondents in their willingness to vaccinate children aged < 5 years compared with children aged 5-12 years. Our findings support public health strategies that target adult vaccinations as an avenue to improve childhood vaccinations for young children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raghu D. Darisi
- Chiricahua Community Health Centers, Inc., Douglas, AZ, United States
| | - Audrey J. Buckland
- Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Mario Morales
- Health Behavior Health Promotion, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Maia Ingram
- Arizona Prevention Research Center, College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Emily Harris
- Chiricahua Community Health Centers, Inc., Douglas, AZ, United States
| | - Jeffrey R. Holzberg
- Chiricahua Community Health Centers, Inc., Douglas, AZ, United States
- *Correspondence: Jeffrey R. Holzberg,
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Ramanathan K, Schliemann D, Binti Ibrahim Tamin NS, Mohan D, Donnelly M, Su TT. Facilitators and barriers to colorectal cancer screening using the immunochemical faecal occult blood test among an average-risk population in semi-rural Malaysia: A qualitative study. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0279489. [PMID: 36580458 PMCID: PMC9799312 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0279489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer (CRC) incidence in Malaysia is increasing, and most CRC patients are diagnosed at a late stage. This study investigated participant awareness of CRC and their perceptions and views about CRC screening, barriers, benefits, and facilitators towards CRC screening participation as well as health-seeking behaviour and the use of preventative health services. METHOD Eleven focus group discussions (FGDs) were conducted with a purposive sample of 89 participants aged > 50 from the major ethnic groups in the Segamat District, Johor State. FGDs were audiotaped, transcribed verbatim, and translated into English. Data were analysed using thematic analysis. RESULTS We identified trust in doctors as a key reason for whether or not to seek health care. Generally, the participants had low awareness of CRC sign/symptoms and screening. Emotional and logistic concerns about sending a stool sample to a clinic emerged as the main barriers to screening. Simplified illustrated instructions about stool collection in Malay, Chinese and Tamil, free screening at health clinics and reminders to complete the iFOBT test were perceived to facilitate engagement in screening, and posited as strategies that were likely to increase iFOBT uptake. CONCLUSION Primary care physicians play a crucial role in terms of reducing patient's misperceptions, recommending screening to patients, enhancing attendance, and improving uptake of CRC screening. There is a need for further research to investigate ways in which to reduce identified barriers and implement and test potential facilitative strategies as well as examine adherence by doctors to clinical guidelines about CRC screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kogila Ramanathan
- Global Public Health, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Désirée Schliemann
- Centre for Public Health and UKCRC Centre of Excellence for Public Health, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | | | - Devi Mohan
- Global Public Health, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Michael Donnelly
- Centre for Public Health and UKCRC Centre of Excellence for Public Health, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
- * E-mail: (MD); (TTS)
| | - Tin Tin Su
- Global Public Health, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
- Centre for Public Health and UKCRC Centre of Excellence for Public Health, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
- South East Asia Community Observatory (SEACO), Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Subang Jaya, Malaysia
- * E-mail: (MD); (TTS)
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Lee G, Park SH. How health beliefs and sense of control predict adherence to COVID-19 prevention guidelines among young adults in South Korea. Front Psychol 2022; 13:1025638. [PMID: 36591014 PMCID: PMC9798332 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.1025638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This study defined adherence to COVID-19 prevention guidelines as health behavior and examined whether the two constructs of the health belief model (i.e., perceived susceptibility and perceived severity) and sense of control predict the level of adherence among young adults in South Korea. An online survey (N = 200) conducted in June 2021, showed that perceived susceptibility, perceived severity, and sense of control positively predict adherence behavior. Sense of control significantly moderated the relationship between perceived susceptibility and adherence even after controlling for depression and perceived health status. Specifically, individuals with a lower level of perceived susceptibility still adhered to COVID-19 prevention guidelines if they had a higher level of sense of control. The finding demonstrates the key role of sense of control in promoting adherence to COVID-19 prevention guidelines and the relationship between sense of control and two constructs of the health belief model. Implication for public messaging targeted at young adults during pandemic situations is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Soo Hyun Park
- Department of Psychology, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
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Zhu W, Zou H, Song Y, Ren L, Xu Y. Understanding the impact process of vaccine adoption for COVID-19. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2022; 18:2099166. [PMID: 35905384 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2022.2099166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Vaccination for the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) provides an effective approach for the general improvement of social safety and individual health. To date, few studies have analyzed the adoption of COVID-19 vaccines from an entire impact process perspective. Using the health belief model (HBM) and the valence theory, this research evaluates the impact process of vaccine adoption for COVID-19. The respondents in this study were individuals who have been vaccinated in China. The effective sample included 595 individuals. Four valuable and novel findings are identified through this research. First, neither perceived susceptibility nor perceived severity has a statistically significant impact on the benefits from vaccination, threats from vaccination and self-efficacy. Second, benefits from vaccination produce a significant positive effect on self-efficacy and vaccine adoption. Third, threats from vaccination produce a significant negative effect on self-efficacy and vaccine adoption. Fourth, both self-efficacy and cues to adoption produce a significantly positive impact on vaccine adoption. Our theoretical model, which is the main contribution of this research, indicates that individual vaccine adoption is simply a process that leads from behavioral cognition to behavioral intention, rather than from psychological perception to behavioral cognition and then from behavioral cognition to behavioral intention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenlong Zhu
- Business School, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Hao Zou
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Ying Song
- Business School, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Lili Ren
- Business School, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Yingjie Xu
- Central Laboratory, Qingdao Stomatological Hospital, Qingdao, China
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Huang CK, Chen SH, Hu CC, Lee MC. Understanding the adoption of the mask-supply information platforms during the COVID-19. ELECTRONIC MARKETS 2022; 32:2405-2427. [PMID: 36407279 PMCID: PMC9660176 DOI: 10.1007/s12525-022-00602-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Since late 2019, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has led to a significant increase in the demand for medical resources. To publish data on face mask supplies, the Taiwanese government collaborated with program developers to construct a mask-supply information transitional platform (MITP). To comprehend the adoption of MITP, the study proposes a research model that integrates the health behavior model (HBM) and IS/IT continuance model for examining the factors affecting intention to use an MITP. Survey data collected from 524 respondents indicated that (1) intention to use an MITP is directly influenced by perceived threat of COVID-19 and beliefs toward using the MITP; (2) cues to action directly influence the perceived threat of COVID-19; and (3) perceived ease of use of MITP is a significant determinant of perceived usefulness of MITP. These results provide practical guidelines for health authorities and government to develop health information systems and strategies to control pandemics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Kui Huang
- Department of Business Administration, National Chung Cheng University, Minxiong, Taiwan (R.O.C.)
| | - Shin-Horng Chen
- Department of Information Management, National Taipei University of Business, Taipei, Taiwan (R.O.C.)
| | - Chia-Chen Hu
- Department of Business Administration, National Chung Cheng University, Minxiong, Taiwan (R.O.C.)
| | - Ming-Ching Lee
- Department of Business Administration, National Chung Cheng University, Minxiong, Taiwan (R.O.C.)
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Li M, Zhou K, Huo L, He X, An J, Wang W, Li X. Perceived needs and health-related quality of life in women with breast cancer undergoing chemotherapy: a cross-sectional study. BMJ Open 2022; 12:e062407. [PMID: 36368758 PMCID: PMC9660601 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-062407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Women with breast cancer have different needs that are various in perceived importance and satisfaction. This study aimed to examine the relationship among perceived needs satisfaction, perceived needs importance with health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in women with breast cancer and determine the intermediary role of perceived needs importance in the relationship between perceived needs satisfaction and HRQoL. DESIGN Cross-sectional design. SETTING Two tertiary level hospitals in Shaanxi Province, China. PARTICIPANTS Women newly diagnosed with breast cancer were recruited. OUTCOME MEASURES The Needs Self-Rating Questionnaire for Breast Cancer and the Medical Outcomes Study 36-item Short-Form Health Survey V. 2.0 were used for data collection regarding perceived needs satisfaction, perceived needs importance and HRQoL. RESULTS A total of 359 valid questionnaires were collected. The perceived needs importance was negatively associated with physical component summary (PCS) (b=-0.067, p=0.024) and mental component summary (MCS) (b=-0.185, p<0.001). On the contrary, perceived needs satisfaction was positively associated with PCS (c'=0.005, p=0.843), although not statistically significant. Perceived needs satisfaction was positively associated with MCS (c'=0.194, p<0.001) and perceived needs importance (a=0.458, p<0.001). Furthermore, the perceived needs importance suppressed the relationship between perceived needs satisfaction and PCS (a*b=-0.031; 95% CI -0.058 to -0.004) and the relationship between perceived needs satisfaction and MCS (a*b=-0.085; 95% CI -0.138 to -0.043). CONCLUSION For women with breast cancer, higher perceived needs satisfaction is associated with higher HRQoL. However, higher perceived needs importance would be conversely associated with lower HRQoL by suppressing the positive association of perceived needs satisfaction with HRQoL. Healthcare providers should pay more attention to those who have high perceived needs importance but low perceived needs satisfaction and fulfil the important needs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minjie Li
- The Nursing Department, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
- Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Kaina Zhou
- Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Lanting Huo
- Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiaole He
- Department of Nursing, Huizhou Central People's Hospital, Huizhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jinghua An
- College of Nursing, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Wen Wang
- Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiaomei Li
- Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
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Nigusie A, Azale T, Yitayal M, Derseh L. The impact of perception on institutional delivery service utilization in Northwest Ethiopia: the health belief model. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2022; 22:822. [PMID: 36336694 PMCID: PMC9639283 DOI: 10.1186/s12884-022-05140-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ethiopia has been striving to promote institutional delivery through community wide programs. However, home is still the preferred place of delivery for most women encouraged by the community`s perception that delivery is a normal process and home is the ideal environment. The proportion of women using institutional delivery service is below the expected level. Therefore, we examined the impact of perception on institutional delivery service use by using the health belief model. METHODS A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 1,394 women who gave birth during the past 1 year from September to December 2019. A multistage sampling technique was used to select the study participants. Data were collected by using health belief model constructs, and structured and pretested questionnaire. Binary logistic regression was performed to identify factors associated with the outcome variable at 95% confidence level. RESULTS Institutional delivery service was used by 58.17% (95% CI: 55.57- 60.77%) of women. The study showed that high perceived susceptibility (AOR = 1.87; 95% CI 1.19-2.92), high cues to action (AOR = 1.57; 95% CI: 1.04-2.36), husbands with primary school education (AOR = 1.43; 95% CI 1.06-1.94), multiparty(5 or more) (AOR = 2.96; 95% CI 1.85-4.72), discussion on institutional delivery at home (AOR = 4.25; 95% CI 2.85-6.35), no close follow-up by health workers (AOR = 0.59;95% CI 0.39-0.88), regular antenatal care follow-up (AOR = 1.77;95% CI 1.23,2.58), health professionals lack of respect to clients (AOR = 2.32; 95% CI 1.45-3.79), and lack of health workers (AOR = 0.43;95% CI 0.29-0.61) were significantly associated with the utilization health behavior of institutional delivery service. CONCLUSION The prevalence of institutional delivery in the study area was low. The current study revealed that among the health belief model construct perceived susceptibility and cues to action were significantly associated with the utilization behavior of institutional delivery service. On top of that strong follow-up of the community and home based discussion was a significant factor for the utilization behavior of institutional delivery service.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adane Nigusie
- Department of Health Promotion and Health Behavior, Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Telake Azale
- Department of Health Promotion and Health Behavior, Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Mezgebu Yitayal
- Departemenr of Health Systems and Policy, Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Lemma Derseh
- Departement of Epidemiology and Biostatics, Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
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Olson RE, Goldsmith L, Winter S, Spaulding E, Dunn N, Mander S, Ryan A, Smith A, Marshall HM. Emotions and lung cancer screening: Prioritising a humanistic approach to care. HEALTH & SOCIAL CARE IN THE COMMUNITY 2022; 30:e5259-e5269. [PMID: 35894098 PMCID: PMC10947369 DOI: 10.1111/hsc.13945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Revised: 06/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Low-dose computed tomography lung cancer screening has mortality benefits. Yet, uptake has been low. To inform strategies to better deliver and promote screening, in 2018, we interviewed 27 long-term smokers immediately following lung cancer screening in Australia, prior to receiving scan results. Existing lung screening studies employ the Health Belief Model. Reflecting growing acknowledgement of the centrality of emotions to screening uptake, we draw on psychological and sociological theories on emotions to thematically and abductively analyse the emotional dimensions of lung cancer screening, with implications for screening promotion and delivery. As smokers, interviewees described feeling stigmatised, with female participants internalising and male participants resisting stigma. Guilt and fear related to lung cancer were described as screening motivators. The screening itself elicited mild positive emotions. Notably, interviewees expressed gratitude for the care implicitly shown through lung screening to smokers. More than individual risk assessment, findings suggest lung screening campaigns should prioritise emotions. Peer workers have been found to increase cancer screening uptake in marginalised communities, however the risk to confidentiality-especially for female smokers-limits its feasibility in lung cancer screening. Instead, we suggest involving peer consultants in developing targeted screening strategies that foreground emotions. Furthermore, findings suggest prioritising humanistic care in lung screening delivery. Such an approach may be especially important for smokers from low socioeconomic backgrounds, who perceive lung cancer screening and smoking as sources of stigma and face a higher risk of dying from lung cancer and lower engagement with screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca E. Olson
- School of Social ScienceThe University of QueenslandSt LuciaQueenslandAustralia
| | | | - Sara Winter
- School of Applied PsychologyGriffith UniversityMt GravattQueenslandAustralia
| | | | - Nicola Dunn
- The Prince Charles HospitalChermsideQueenslandAustralia
| | - Sarah Mander
- Psychology DepartmentThe Prince Charles HospitalChermsideQueenslandAustralia
| | - Alyssa Ryan
- Cancer Care ServicesThe Prince Charles HospitalChermsideQueenslandAustralia
| | - Alexandra Smith
- School of Social ScienceThe University of QueenslandSt LuciaQueenslandAustralia
| | - Henry M. Marshall
- University of Queensland Thoracic Research Centre and Department of Thoracic MedicineThe Prince Charles HospitalChermsideQueenslandAustralia
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Yu Y, Ling RHY, Ip TKM, Luo S, Lau JTF. Factors of COVID-19 Vaccination among Hong Kong Chinese Men Who Have Sex with Men during Months 5–8 since the Vaccine Rollout—General Factors and Factors Specific to This Population. Vaccines (Basel) 2022; 10:vaccines10101763. [PMID: 36298627 PMCID: PMC9609851 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines10101763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Revised: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This study investigated an under-researched topic regarding the prevalence of COVID-19 vaccination behavior among Chinese men who have sex with men (MSM) and the associations of this with general and MSM-specific perceptions grounded in the health belief model (HBM) and the theory of planned behaviors (TPB). A total of 400 Chinese MSM were recruited from multiple sources (site recruitment, online recruitment, and peer referral) in Hong Kong from July to October 2021, who then participated in a structured telephone interview. Of all the participants, the prevalence of COVID-19 vaccination (i.e., taking at least one dose of COVID-19 vaccination) was 78.3%. Multivariable logistic regression analyses showed that, after adjusting for background factors, (1) the general and MSM-specific HBM variables of perceived benefits and self-efficacy were positively associated with COVID-19 vaccination behavior; (2) the items or scale of general/MSM-specific perceived barriers and social norms were negatively associated with COVID-19 vaccination behavior; (3) the general perceived severity and MSM-specific perceived susceptibility, perceived severity, and cue to action were not significantly associated with COVID-19 vaccination behavior. The findings suggest that the HBM and social norm construct of the TPB only partially explained the participant’s COVID-19 vaccination behavior. Health promotion may need to focus more on modifying perceptions related to COVID-19 vaccination rather than COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanqiu Yu
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Health Education, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
- Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Rachel Hau Yin Ling
- Centre for Health Behaviours Research, Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Tsun Kwan Mary Ip
- Centre for Health Behaviours Research, Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Sitong Luo
- Vanke School of Public Health, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Joseph T. F. Lau
- Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Affiliated Wenzhou Kangning Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
- School of Mental Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
- School of Public Health, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Correspondence:
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Song Y, Reifsnider E, Chen Y, Wang Y, Chen H. The Impact of a Theory-Based mHealth Intervention on Disease Knowledge, Self-efficacy, and Exercise Adherence Among Ankylosing Spondylitis Patients: Randomized Controlled Trial. J Med Internet Res 2022; 24:e38501. [PMID: 36264605 DOI: 10.2196/38501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Revised: 05/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patient education is recommended as an integral part of disease management in ankylosing spondylitis (AS), a chronic rheumatic disease that predominantly affects young males and requires long-term disease management. Convenient and cost-effective approaches to deliver patient education are required to these patients. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to examine the effects of a theory-based educational intervention delivered through a social networking app, WeChat, on disease knowledge, self-efficacy, exercise adherence, and health outcomes in Chinese AS patients. METHODS This study was a single-blind randomized controlled trial conducted in a tertiary hospital in Chengdu, China. Eligible participants were randomly allocated to the intervention or control group. Participants in the control group received standard care. The intervention group received the health belief model (HBM)-based educational intervention, consisting of 4 individual educational sessions and educational information sharing through WeChat, the predominant social networking app in China. The primary outcomes were disease knowledge, self-efficacy, and exercise adherence. The secondary outcomes were disease activity and physical function. Data were collected at baseline and at the end of the intervention (12th week). Chi-square test, t test, Mann-Whitney U tests were used to examine the effects of educational intervention. RESULTS This study included 118 patients with AS. The majority of participants were male (93/118, 78.8%). Around half of them were married (56/118, 47.5%), never smoked (70/118, 59.3%), and had college educational level or above (62/118, 52.5%). At posttest, participants in the intervention group had higher disease knowledge (all P<.001) and self-efficacy (P<.001), and a larger proportion of participants in the intervention group adhered to regular exercise routines than those in the control group (P=.003). The within-group analyses for the intervention group showed increases in all scores of disease knowledge (all P<.001) and self-efficacy score (P<.001), but only correct answer score (P=.04) and general knowledge score (P=.002) of disease knowledge in the control group improved. The within-group analysis for the control group found a decline of physical function (P=.002) but no significant change in disease activity (P>.05). The within-group analysis for the intervention group showed no significant change in disease activity or physical function (P>.05). At posttest, no statistically significant difference was found on disease activity or physical function between the intervention and control groups (P>.05). CONCLUSIONS The HBM-based educational intervention through WeChat can effectively improve patient disease knowledge, self-efficacy, and exercise adherence. WeChat is feasible and effective to deliver patient education for patients with chronic diseases such as AS. This mHealth intervention can be integrated into routine rheumatology care. TRIAL REGISTRATION Chinese Clinical Trial Registry ChiCTR-IPR-16009293; https://tinyurl.com/swxt8xk7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqing Song
- West China School of Nursing, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Elizabeth Reifsnider
- Edson College of Nursing and Health Innovation, Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ, United States
| | - Yanling Chen
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hong Chen
- West China School of Nursing, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Zakar R, Momina AU, Shahzad R, Shahzad S, Hayee M, Zakar MZ, Fischer F. COVID-19 Vaccination Acceptance in the Context of the Health Belief Model: Comparative Cross-Sectional Study in Punjab, Pakistan. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:12892. [PMID: 36232189 PMCID: PMC9566713 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191912892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
One of the models that could be used to understand the adoption of vaccine uptake is the Health Belief Model (HBM). The aim of this study is to assess the role of HBM constructs and Perceived Health Status (PHS) on the vaccination status of individuals and to understand the role of socio-demographic variables on HBM scoring. A comparative cross-sectional telephone survey was conducted among 1325 vaccinated (60.0%) and non-vaccinated (40.0%) individuals aged 40 years and above in July 2021 in Punjab province, Pakistan. A higher level of education was the strongest predictor of positive HBM. All constructs of HBM, PHS and cues-to-action were significant predictors of COVID-19 vaccination uptake, with perceived benefits as the strongest predictor. In order to expand the vaccination coverage, double-pronged interventions utilizing both information and communication technology and human resources should be designed that address each barrier perceived by individuals and understandably communicate the benefits of COVID-19 vaccination to the broader population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rubeena Zakar
- Department of Public Health, University of the Punjab, Lahore 54590, Pakistan
| | - Ain ul Momina
- Health Service Delivery in Punjab, King Edward Medical University, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Ruhma Shahzad
- Department of Public Health, University of the Punjab, Lahore 54590, Pakistan
| | - Sara Shahzad
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1TN, UK
| | | | - Muhammad Zakria Zakar
- Vice Chancellor Office, University of Poonch Rawalakot, Rawalakot 12350, Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Pakistan
| | - Florian Fischer
- Institute of Public Health, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany
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Tinius RA, Blankenship MM, Colao AM, Hawk GS, Perera M, Schoenberg NE. A Pilot Study on the Impact of the BumptUp ® Mobile App on Physical Activity during and after Pregnancy. SUSTAINABILITY 2022; 14:12801. [PMID: 37840967 PMCID: PMC10574187 DOI: 10.3390/su141912801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
To combat maternal morbidity and mortality, interventions designed to increase physical activity levels during and after pregnancy are needed. Mobile phone-based interventions show considerable promise, and BumptUp® has been carefully developed to address the lack of exercise among pregnant and postpartum women. The primary goal of this pilot study was to test the potential efficacy of BumptUp® for improving physical activity among pregnant and postpartum women. A randomized controlled clinical trial was performed (N = 35) with women either receiving access to the mhealth app or an educational brochure. Physical activity and self-efficacy for exercise data were collected at baseline (in mid-pregnancy) and at three additional timepoints (late pregnancy, 6 and 12 weeks postpartum). For moderate-to-vigorous physical activity, a clear trend is observed as the mean estimated difference between groups increases from -0.35 (SE: 1.75) in mid-pregnancy to -0.81 (SE: 1.75) in late pregnancy. For self-efficacy for exercise, the estimated difference of means (control-intervention) changed from 0.96 (SE: 6.53) at baseline to -7.64 (SE: 6.66) in late pregnancy and remained at -6.41 (SE: 6.79) and -6.70 (SE: 6.96) at 6 and 12 weeks postpartum, respectively. When assessing the change in self-efficacy from mid-to -ate pregnancy only, there was a statistically significant difference between groups (p = 0.044). BumptUp® (version 1.0 (3)) shows potential for efficacy. Pilot data suggest key refinements to be made and a larger clinical trial is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel A. Tinius
- Exercise Science, Western Kentucky University, Bowling Green, KY 42101, USA
| | - Maire M. Blankenship
- Nursing and Allied Health, Western Kentucky University, Bowling Green, KY 42101, USA
| | - Alison M. Colao
- Exercise Science, Western Kentucky University, Bowling Green, KY 42101, USA
| | - Gregory S. Hawk
- Department of Statistics, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506, USA
| | - Madhawa Perera
- Exercise Science, Western Kentucky University, Bowling Green, KY 42101, USA
| | - Nancy E. Schoenberg
- Gender and Women’s Studies, College of Arts and Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506, USA
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Dougherty B, Fisher JL, Adeyanju T, Paskett E. Impact of a Culturally Tailored Education Intervention for African-American and Appalachian Men in Ohio. JOURNAL OF CANCER EDUCATION : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ASSOCIATION FOR CANCER EDUCATION 2022; 37:1389-1400. [PMID: 33638816 PMCID: PMC9550761 DOI: 10.1007/s13187-021-01970-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Men, particularly those of underserved groups, bear a disproportionate cancer burden. Knowledge about cancer and screening is associated with adherence to screening guidelines. However it is possible that a correlation exists between an individual's education attainment and ability to gain knowledge from health education. Men were recruited from Ohio counties with significant cancer disparities and asked to participate in three education sessions. Measures included a baseline survey collecting demographic information and pre- and post-intervention knowledge assessments about each of the topics. Paired t tests were used to determine whether there were statistically significant changes in mean scores after the intervention. Repeated measures of variance (ANOVA) conducted through generalized linear models (GLM) were used to determine if scores varied significantly by educational attainment. Appalachian men, regardless of level of educational attainment, had significant increases in knowledge for all topics. African American men with at least some college education demonstrated significant increases in knowledge for all three topics, while those with no college education had significant increases for only two topics. College education had a significant effect on scores for one topic among the Appalachian men and all three topics among the African American men. The interaction between change in score and higher educational attainment was significant for only one topic among Appalachian men and no topics among African American men. Higher educational attainment was associated with greater increases in knowledge scores for only one topic among Appalachian men and no topics among African American men. Culturally tailored health educational interventions are a promising approach to reducing disparities in cancer screening and outcomes among men of underserved groups. While all groups demonstrated increases in mean knowledge scores after participating in the educational intervention, there was not a significant association between educational attainment and increases in knowledge scores. Future research is needed to explore additional approaches to delivering health education and increasing the knowledge of men with lower levels of educational attainment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bryn Dougherty
- College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Ohio, USA.
| | - James L Fisher
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Ohio, USA
- College of Public Health, The Ohio State University, Ohio, USA
| | - Toyin Adeyanju
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Ohio, USA
| | - Electra Paskett
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Ohio, USA
- College of Public Health, The Ohio State University, Ohio, USA
- College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Ohio, USA
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Juengst SB, Vega M, Holland AB, Herrera S, Higashi RT, Boix Braga M, Khera A, Kew CL, Silva V. Development of the multidimensional health perceptions questionnaire in English and Spanish. J Patient Rep Outcomes 2022; 6:104. [PMID: 36153417 PMCID: PMC9509514 DOI: 10.1186/s41687-022-00512-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To develop the novel multidimensional health perceptions questionnaire (MHPQ), a self-reported assessment of health perceptions inclusive of (1) individuals beliefs about the causes and consequences of health conditions, benefits and barriers to maintaining and improving health, ability to accomplish health-related goals and control health circumstances, and the role of God and/or spirituality in health and healthcare, (2) anticipated discrimination in the healthcare systems, and (3) trust in healthcare providers and medicine, illustrated in our newly proposed Multidimensional Health Perceptions Conceptual Model. Methods We developed an initial MHPQβ item set, corresponding to domains of our conceptual model, using a patient-centered outcomes development approach. This include literature review, expert and end-user feedback, translation and language validation (specifically to Latin American Spanish), and cognitive interviewing. Results The initial 104 items of MHPQβ had excellent content validity, with a Content Validity Index of 98.1%. After expert (n = 13) feedback, translation and language validation, and cognitive interviewing among community-dwelling English-speakers (n = 5) and Spanish-speakers (n = 4), the final MHPQβ comprised 93 items rated on a five-point agreement scale (1 = Strongly disagree to 5 = Strongly agree), with a reading grade level of 6th grade in English and 8th grade in Spanish. Conclusion The MHPQβ is a promising tool to assess individuals’ health perceptions. It has excellent content validity and good reading accessibility. Future work will establish the factor structure and final item set of the MHPQ.
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Mortada EM, Elhessewi GMS. Assessment of perceived risk and precautionary behavior toward COVID-19 pandemic using the health belief model, Saudi Arabia. J Egypt Public Health Assoc 2022; 97:16. [PMID: 36127569 PMCID: PMC9489266 DOI: 10.1186/s42506-022-00111-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Background The global threat of the COVID-19 pandemic continues to evolve forming the most impactful health crises in modern history, necessities of individuals adhering to mandatory behavior change that limits the spread of the pandemic. The purpose of the current study is to identify behavioral responses of the health sciences university students during the period of the COVID-19 pandemic and determine risk perceptions using the health belief model (HBM). Methods A cross-sectional study using an online survey distributed among health sciences female university students in Riyadh, KSA. The questionnaire was used to assess sociodemographic characteristics; knowledge about COVID-19 and its preventive measures, risk perceptions, and beliefs using the HBM; and their actual adoption of precautionary measures. Results The mean age of 286 respondents was 21.6 years (SD 2.5). They had good knowledge, positive risk perception, and good practice. Fifty-seven percent of the respondents adhere satisfactorily to COVID-19 precautionary behavior. Respondents with positive overall risk perception had around 6 times significantly higher adherence compared to those with negative risk perception. Perceived benefits have higher odds of adherence to COVID-19 precautionary behavior. Similarly, cues to action were a significant determinant of adherence to COVID-19 precautionary behavior. Conclusions The constructs of the HBM provided good measurement of risk perception and the respondent students had good knowledge. Yet, significant gaps were shown between COVID-19 perceived risks and the students’ actual practice of personal hygienic measures, particularly hand hygiene. To put an end to the present COVID-19 and its upcoming waves, it is highly recommended to direct COVID-19 training programs specifically tailored towards university students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eman M Mortada
- Department of Health Sciences, College of Health & Rehabilitation Sciences, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh, 11671, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Ghada Moh Samir Elhessewi
- Department of Health Sciences, College of Health & Rehabilitation Sciences, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh, 11671, Saudi Arabia.,Nursing Administration Department, Faculty of Nursing, Damanhour University, Damanhur, Egypt
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Zhou HJ, Pan L, Shi H, Luo JW, Wang P, Porter HK, Bi Y, Li M. Willingness to pay for and willingness to vaccinate with the COVID-19 vaccine booster dose in China. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1013485. [PMID: 36204240 PMCID: PMC9530802 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1013485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: The present study aims to assess the willingness to pay (WTP) for and willingness to vaccinate (WTV) with the Coronavirus (COVID-19) vaccine booster dose in China when the pandemic is under adequate control and the majority of the population is vaccinated. This study is also to identify significant factors associated with the WTP. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study on adults with no past or present COVID-19 infection. An online questionnaire was distributed to collect data on vaccination status, quarantine experience, and factors related to health beliefs on vaccination. The WTV was assessed through the vaccination preference. The WTP was examined by payment scale (PS) and iterative bidding game (IBG) administered in random order. Three IBG algorithms with different starting-price were presented randomly. The average WTP of PS and IBG were analyzed as primary outcomes using univariate and multivariate analyses. Multivariate ordered logistic regression was performed to identify significant factors for the WTP. Results: The survey recruited 543 participants with a mean age of 32 years and 57.80% being female. The WTV rate was 86.74%, while 94.66% of participants completed full-schedule or enhanced vaccination. The mean WTP was CNY 149 (±CNY 197) and the median WTP was CNY 80. Regarding significant factors for the WTP, urban residents were 57% more likely (95% CI: 1.11-2.22) to pay for a high-priced vaccine than rural residents. Respondents who completed full-schedule vaccination were 46% more likely (95% CI: 1.03-2.07) to pay for a high-priced vaccine than those who completed enhanced vaccination. Respondents with a low household income of CNY 40k or lower were 62% less likely (95% CI: 0.21-0.66) to pay for a high-priced vaccine than those with a middle household income of CNY 110k-210k. Other significant factors associated with the WTP included the perceived benefit of vaccination and peer environmental pressure in the health belief model. Conclusion: The WTV with the COVID-19 vaccine booster dose was high in China. The WTP was influenced by the place of residence, vaccination status, household income, perceived benefit of vaccination, and environmental peer pressure. Study findings can inform policymakers to better design vaccination programs and financial schemes involving out-of-pocket payments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Jun Zhou
- Department of Public Administration, Business School, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Lei Pan
- Department of Public Administration, Business School, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Hui Shi
- Department of Public Administration, Business School, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Ji Wei Luo
- Department of Orthopedics, Zengcheng Branch, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Pei Wang
- School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Key Lab of Health Technology Assessment, National Health Commission, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hannah K. Porter
- College of Pharmacy, Univesity of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States
| | - Ye Bi
- I.Baby Preconception Care, Shanghai, China
| | - Minghui Li
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Translational Science, Univesity of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States
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Goh SA, Lee JK, Seh WY, Ho EQY, Hartman M, Chou C, Wong ML. Multi-level determinants of breast cancer screening among Malay-Muslim women in Singapore: a sequential mixed-methods study. BMC Womens Health 2022; 22:383. [PMID: 36123600 PMCID: PMC9483897 DOI: 10.1186/s12905-022-01972-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Ethnic disparity persists despite equal access to health care in Singapore, with Malay-Muslim women having the lowest mammogram uptake rate and highest breast cancer mortality rate. We sought to understand barriers to and facilitators for mammogram uptake in this community.
Methods We used a sequential mixed-methods design to first explore reasons for screening and not screening for breast cancer, then determine factors associated with screening and regular screening in a survey. We used maximum variation sampling for semi-structured in-depth interviews to select screeners and non-screeners of diverse ages and educational levels. Twenty-three Malay-Muslim women aged 40–69 years old were interviewed. Themes were categorized using thematic analysis. For the survey, we applied the Health Belief Model, Social Ecological Model, as well as themes from the interviews and findings from previous studies on factors influencing screening in Muslim women to guide questionnaire design. We surveyed 271 Malay-Muslim women aged 50–69 years old in a nationally representative sample. Multivariable logistic regression was used to determine factors associated with ever gone for mammogram and regular mammogram uptake. Results Through in-depth-interviews, we found perceived benefits of saving lives and breasts from early detection, reminders from doctors and husbands, symptoms, perceived test from God, and personal responsibility to care for one’s health facilitated screening. Barriers were perceived low susceptibility, inconvenience, cost, negative psychological effects, misinformation on mammogram triggering cancer cells, religious beliefs, perceived negative outcomes from mammography and distrust of doctor. From the survey, we found cues from health care professionals and needing symptoms before deciding to go for mammogram to be significantly associated with ever gone for mammogram and regular mammogram. Factors associated with ever gone for mammogram only included age, perceived benefits of saving lives from early detection, perceived importance of mammogram, Punishing Allah Reappraisal, and modesty. Factors associated with regular mammogram only included household income, perceived structural barriers to screening and perceived susceptibility to breast cancer. Conclusions Mammogram uptake is affected by multiple levels of influence. Interventions to promote screening should be designed with multiple stakeholders including doctors, religious leaders and women who had attended screening.
Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12905-022-01972-y.
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Azia IN, Carelse S, Nyembezi A, Mukumbang FC. Role of religious beliefs in adherence to antiretroviral therapy in the Cape Town metropole: a study protocol. BMJ Open 2022; 12:e062464. [PMID: 36104142 PMCID: PMC9476115 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-062464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION There are presently over four million people living with HIV (PLHIV) in the South African national antiretroviral therapy (ART) programme. However, some ART programmes are battling poor ART adherence emanating from patient-related factors, including their religious beliefs. In this paper, we outline a study protocol to understand the adherence behaviours of Pentecostal Christians living with HIV to ART and to develop guidelines that can be used to strengthen ART adherence. METHODS AND ANALYSIS We propose an exploratory multimethod research design. In phase 1, a scoping review will be conducted. The data captured in this phase will be put into charting forms, analysed qualitatively, and then collated and summarised to hypothesise the relationship between religious beliefs and ART adherence. In phase 2, an explanatory qualitative approach will be used. Semistructured interviews will be conducted with purposefully selected religious leaders, Pentecostal Christians living with HIV who are not adhering to ART and healthcare workers delivering ART at selected healthcare facilities in the Milnerton subhealth district. The qualitative data obtained in this phase will be transcribed verbatim and analysed thematically using the ATLAS.ti V.8 software program towards strengthening the hypothesised relationship between religious beliefs and ART adherence. In phase 3, intervention mapping and nominal group techniques will be applied with purposefully selected stakeholders to develop guidelines to strengthen ART adherence among PLHIV. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION Phase 1 of the study will not require ethics approval. Ethics approval for phases 2 and 3 has been received from the University of the Western Cape Biomedical Research and Ethics Committee and the Western Cape Department of Health. Informed consent forms will be obtained from all participants at the different phases of the study. The study findings will be disseminated through publications in scientific journals, presentations at conferences and workshops aimed at improving ART adherence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivo Nchendia Azia
- School of Public Health, University of the Western Cape, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Shernaaz Carelse
- Department of Social Works, University of the Western Cape Faculty of Community and Health Sciences, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Anam Nyembezi
- School of Public Health, University of the Western Cape, Cape Town, South Africa
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Liao Y, Schembre SM, Brannon GE, Pan Z, Wang J, Ali S, Beg MS, Basen-Engquist KM. Using wearable biological sensors to provide personalized feedback to motivate behavioral changes: Study protocol for a randomized controlled physical activity intervention in cancer survivors (Project KNOWN). PLoS One 2022; 17:e0274492. [PMID: 36099282 PMCID: PMC9469963 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0274492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Regular physical activity reduces the progression of several cancers and offers physical and mental health benefits for cancer survivors. However, many cancer survivors are not sufficiently active to achieve these health benefits. Possible biological mechanisms through which physical activity could affect cancer progression include reduced systemic inflammation and positive changes in metabolic markers. Chronic and acute hyperglycemia could have downstream effects on cell proliferation and tumorigenesis. One novel strategy to motivate cancer survivors to be more active is to provide personalized biological-based feedback that demonstrates the immediate positive impact of physical activity. Continuous glucose monitors (CGMs) have been used to demonstrate the acute beneficial effects of physical activity on insulin sensitivity and glucose metabolisms in controlled lab settings. Using personal data from CGMs to illustrate the immediate impact of physical activity on glucose patterns could be particularly relevant for cancer survivors because they are at a higher risk for developing type 2 diabetes (T2D). As a pilot project, this study aims to (1) test the preliminary effect of a remotely delivered physical activity intervention that incorporates personalized biological-based feedback on daily physical activity levels, and (2) explore the association between daily glucose patterns and cancer-related insulin pathway and inflammatory biomarkers in cancer survivors who are at high risk for T2D. We will recruit 50 insufficiently active, post-treatment cancer survivors who are at elevated risk for T2D. Participants will be randomly assigned into (1) a group that receives personalized biological feedback related to physical activity behaviors; and (2) a control group that receives standard educational material. The feasibility and preliminary efficacy of this wearable sensor-based, biofeedback-enhanced 12-week physical activity intervention will be evaluated. Data from this study will support the further refinement and enhancement of a more comprehensive remotely delivered physical activity intervention that targets cancer survivors. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT05490641.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Liao
- Department of Kinesiology, College of Nursing and Health Innovation, The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, Texas, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Susan M. Schembre
- Department of Oncology, Georgetown Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, United States of America
| | - Grace E. Brannon
- Department of Communication, College of Liberal Arts, The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, Texas, United States of America
| | - Zui Pan
- Department of Graduate Nursing, College of Nursing and Health Innovation, The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, Texas, United States of America
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Graduate Nursing, College of Nursing and Health Innovation, The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, Texas, United States of America
| | - Sadia Ali
- Department of Internal Medicine, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, United States of America
| | - M. Shaalan Beg
- Department of Internal Medicine, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, United States of America
| | - Karen M. Basen-Engquist
- Department of Health Disparities Research, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
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