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Hong GL, Kim KH, Cho SP, Lee HJ, Kim YJ, Jung JY. Korean red ginseng alleviates benign prostatic hyperplasia by dysregulating androgen receptor signaling and inhibiting DRP1-mediated mitochondrial fission. Chin J Nat Med 2024; 22:599-607. [PMID: 39059829 DOI: 10.1016/s1875-5364(24)60671-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
Panax ginseng (C.A. Mey.) has been traditionally employed in Korea and China to alleviate fatigue and digestive disorders. In particular, Korean red ginseng (KRG), derived from streamed and dried P. ginseng, is known for its anti-aging and anti-inflammatory properties. However, its effects on benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), a representative aging-related disease, and the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. This study aims to elucidate the therapeutic effects of KRG on BPH, with a particular focus on mitochondrial dynamics, including fission and fusion processes. The effects of KRG on cell proliferation, apoptosis, and mitochondrial dynamics and morphology were evaluated in a rat model of testosterone propionate (TP)-induced BPH and TP-treated LNCaP cells, with mdivi-1 as a control. The results revealed that KRG treatment reduced the levels of androgen receptors (AR) and prostate-specific antigens in the BPH group. KRG inhibited cell proliferation by downregulating cyclin D and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) levels, and it promoted apoptosis by increasing the ratio of B-cell lymphoma protein 2 (Bcl-2)-associated X protein (Bax) to Bcl-2 expression. Notably, KRG treatment enhanced the phosphorylation of dynamin-related protein 1 (DRP-1, serine 637) compared with that in the BPH group, which inhibited mitochondrial fission and led to mitochondrial elongation. This modulation of mitochondrial dynamics was associated with decreased cell proliferation and increased apoptosis. By dysregulating AR signaling and inhibiting mitochondrial fission through enhanced DRP-1 (ser637) phosphorylation, KRG effectively reduced cell proliferation and induced apoptosis. These findings suggest that KRG's regulation of mitochondrial dynamics offers a promising clinical approach for the treatment of BPH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geum-Lan Hong
- Department of Veterinary Medicine & Institute of Veterinary Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea; Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, Konyang University, Daejeon 35365, Korea
| | - Kyung-Hyun Kim
- Department of Veterinary Medicine & Institute of Veterinary Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea
| | - Sung-Pil Cho
- Department of Veterinary Medicine & Institute of Veterinary Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea
| | - Hui-Ju Lee
- Department of Veterinary Medicine & Institute of Veterinary Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea
| | - Yae-Ji Kim
- Department of Veterinary Medicine & Institute of Veterinary Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea
| | - Ju-Young Jung
- Department of Veterinary Medicine & Institute of Veterinary Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea.
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2
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Shin D, Yoon BI, Bang S, Bae WJ, Ha US, Kim S, Piao J, Kim JH, Koo GB, Jeon KH, Kim TH, Kim SW. Safety and Efficacy Assessment of Red Ginseng Oil (RXGIN) in Men with Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms in a Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial. World J Mens Health 2024; 42:229-236. [PMID: 37652660 PMCID: PMC10782132 DOI: 10.5534/wjmh.230172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of red ginseng oil (RXGIN) in men with lower urinary tract symptoms. MATERIALS AND METHODS Men aged between 40 and 75 years with a total International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) of 8 to 19 points were recruited from April 2020 to December 2020. Subjects were randomly assigned to either the RXGIN group or the control group in a 1:1 ratio and received either RXGIN or placebo daily for 12 weeks. For the primary outcome, changes in IPSS scores at 6 and 12 weeks from baseline were analyzed. The secondary outcomes were changes in International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF), maximum urinary flow rate, and post-void residual volume at weeks 6 and 12 compared to baseline. Urine analysis and blood tests were additionally performed for safety assessment. RESULTS A total of 88 subjects (RXGIN group, 46; control group, 42) completed the study. The total IPSS and IPSS subscores (residual urine sensation, frequency, intermittency, urgency, weak stream, straining, nocturia, and quality of life) were significantly improved in the RXGIN group compared to the control group at weeks 6 and 12. Total IIEF and sexual desire were significantly improved in the RXGIN group at week 6 and week 12, respectively, but there were no significant changes in the level of serum testosterone or dihydrotestosterone. The serum prostate-specific antigen showed significant decrease at weeks 12. No serious adverse events leading to discontinuation of the study drug were observed in the RXGIN group. CONCLUSIONS Red ginseng oil (RXGIN) appears to be safe and effective in improving lower urinary tract symptoms in men and may also improve some aspects of sexual function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongho Shin
- Department of Urology, Catholic Kwandong University College of Medicine, Incheon, Korea
| | - Byung Il Yoon
- Department of Urology, Catholic Kwandong University College of Medicine, Incheon, Korea
| | - Seokhwan Bang
- Department of Urology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Woong Jin Bae
- Department of Urology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
- Catholic Integrative Medicine Research Institute, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - U-Syn Ha
- Department of Urology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Soomin Kim
- Catholic Integrative Medicine Research Institute, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Junjie Piao
- Catholic Integrative Medicine Research Institute, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jong Han Kim
- Laboratory of Efficacy Research, Korea Ginseng Corporation, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Gi-Bang Koo
- Laboratory of Efficacy Research, Korea Ginseng Corporation, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Kyung-Hwa Jeon
- College of Pharmacy, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
| | | | - Sae Woong Kim
- Department of Urology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
- Catholic Integrative Medicine Research Institute, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
- Green Medicine Co., Ltd., Busan, Korea.
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3
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Haghpanah A, Hosseinpour H, Hosseinpour A, Defidio L, Dehghani A, Namjoyan F. The effect of Panax ginseng on facilitating the expulsion of ureteral stones and improving of renal function: A hypothesis. Urologia 2022; 89:410-412. [PMID: 34041984 DOI: 10.1177/03915603211020467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Abdolreza Haghpanah
- Shiraz Nephro-Urology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.,Endourology Ward, Urology Department, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | | | - Alireza Hosseinpour
- Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | | | - Anahita Dehghani
- Shiraz Nephro-Urology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Foroogh Namjoyan
- Research Center for Traditional Medicine and History of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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Integrative Analysis of Bulk RNA-Seq and Single-Cell RNA-Seq Unveils the Characteristics of the Immune Microenvironment and Prognosis Signature in Prostate Cancer. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2022; 2022:6768139. [PMID: 35909899 PMCID: PMC9325591 DOI: 10.1155/2022/6768139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Revised: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
The immune microenvironment is a culmination of the collaborative effort of immune cells and is important in cancer development. The underlying mechanisms of the tumor immune microenvironment in regulating prostate cancer (PRAD) are unclear. In the current study, 144 natural killer cell-related genes were identified using differential expression, single-sample gene set enrichment analysis, and weighted gene coexpression network analysis. Furthermore, VCL, ACTA2, MYL9, MYLK, MYH11, TPM1, ACTG2, TAGLN, and FLNC were selected as hub genes via the protein-protein interaction network. Based on the expression patterns of the hub genes, endothelial, epithelial, and tissue stem cells were identified as key cell subpopulations, which could regulate PRAD via immune response, extracellular signaling, and protein formation. Moreover, 27 genes were identified as prognostic signatures and used to construct the risk score model. Receiver operating characteristic curves revealed the good performance of the risk score model in both the training and testing datasets. Different chemotherapeutic responses were observed between the low- and high-risk groups. Additionally, a nomogram based on the risk score and other clinical features was established to predict the 1-, 3-, and 5-year progression-free interval of patients with PRAD. This study provides novel insights into the molecular mechanisms of the immune microenvironment and its role in the pathogenesis of PARD. The identification of key cell subpopulations has a potential therapeutic and prognostic use in PRAD.
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Liu Z, Liu T, Li W, Li J, Wang C, Zhang K. Insights into the antitumor mechanism of ginsenosides Rg3. Mol Biol Rep 2021; 48:2639-2652. [PMID: 33661439 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-021-06187-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2020] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Panax ginseng, an ancient herb, belonging to Chinese traditional medicine, is an important herb that has a remarkable impact on various diseases. Ginsenoside Rg3, one of the most abundant ginsenosides, exerts significant functions in the prevention of various types of cancers with few side effects. In the present review, its functional molecular mechanisms are explored, including the improvement of antioxidant and anti-inflammation properties, immune regulation, induction of tumor apoptosis, prevention of tumor invasion and metastasis, tumor proliferation and angiogenesis, and reduction of chemoresistance and radioresistance. On the other hand, metabolism, pharmacokinetics and clinical indications of Rg3 are also discussed. The biological functional role of ginsenoside Rg3 may be associated with that it is a steroid glycoside with diverse biological activities and many signaling pathway can be regulated. Many clinical trials are highly needed to confirm the functions of ginsenoside Rg3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zongyu Liu
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, No.218 Ziqiang Street, Changchun, 130000, China
| | - Tongjun Liu
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, No.218 Ziqiang Street, Changchun, 130000, China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, No.218 Ziqiang Street, Changchun, 130000, China
| | - Jiannan Li
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, No.218 Ziqiang Street, Changchun, 130000, China
| | - Cuizhu Wang
- Department of New Drug Research Office, College of Pharmacy of Jilin University, Changchun, 130000, China
| | - Kai Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, No.218 Ziqiang Street, Changchun, 130000, China.
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6
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He S, Lyu F, Lou L, Liu L, Li S, Jakowitsch J, Ma Y. Anti-tumor activities of Panax quinquefolius saponins and potential biomarkers in prostate cancer. J Ginseng Res 2021; 45:273-286. [PMID: 33841008 PMCID: PMC8020356 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgr.2019.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2019] [Revised: 10/28/2019] [Accepted: 12/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prostate carcinoma is the second most common cancer among men worldwide. Developing new therapeutic approaches and diagnostic biomarkers for prostate cancer (PC) is a significant need. The Chinese herbal medicine Panax quinquefolius saponins (PQS) have been reported to show anti-tumor effects. We hypothesized that PQS exhibits anti-cancer activity in human PC cells and we aimed to search for novel biomarkers allowing early diagnosis of PC. METHODS We used the human PC cell line DU145 and the prostate epithelial cell line PNT2 to perform cell viability assays, flow cytometric analysis of the cell cycle, and FACS-based apoptosis assays. Microarray-based gene expression analysis was used to display specific gene expression patterns and to search for novel biomarkers. Western blot and quantitative real-time PCR were performed to demonstrate the expression levels of multiple cancer-related genes. RESULTS Our data showed that PQS inhibited the viability of DU145 cells and induced cell cycle arrest at the G1 phase. A significant decrease in DU145 cell invasion and migration were observed after 24 h treatment by PQS. PQS up-regulated the expression levels of p21, p53, TMEM79, ACOXL, ETV5, and SPINT1 while it down-regulated the expression levels of bcl2, STAT3, FANCD2, DRD2, and TMPRSS2. CONCLUSION PQS promoted cells apoptosis and inhibited the proliferation of DU145 cells, which suggests that PQS may be effective for treating PC. TMEM79 and ACOXL were expressed significantly higher in PNT2 than in DU145 cells and could be novel biomarker candidates for PC diagnosis.
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Key Words
- ACOXL, Acyl-CoA oxidase-like protein
- Chinese medicinal herbs
- DRD2, dopamine receptor D2
- ETV5, ETS variant 5
- FACS, fluorescence-activated cell sorting
- FANCD2, fanconi anemia group D2
- PC, prostate cancer
- PQS, Panax quinquefolius saponins
- Panax quinquefolius
- Potential biomarkers
- Prostate cancer cells
- SPINT1, serine peptidase inhibitor Kunitz type 1
- STAT3, signal transducer and activator of transcription 3
- TCM, Traditional Chinese Medicine
- TMEM79, transmembrane protein 79
- TMPRSS2, transmembrane protease serine 2
- bcl2, B-cell lymphoma 2
- p21, cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21
- p53, tumor suppressor p53
- qRT-PCR, quantitative real-time PCR
- saponins
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan He
- Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center of Pathophysiology, Infectiology & Immunology, Vienna General Hospital, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Fangqiao Lyu
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Lixia Lou
- The Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of Ministry of Education, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Lu Liu
- Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Songlin Li
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Metabolomics, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Jiangsu Branch of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Johannes Jakowitsch
- Department of Internal Medicine, Vienna General Hospital, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Yan Ma
- Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center of Pathophysiology, Infectiology & Immunology, Vienna General Hospital, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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7
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Basati G, Ghanadi P, Abbaszadeh S. A review of the most important natural antioxidants and effective medicinal plants in traditional medicine on prostate cancer and its disorders. JOURNAL OF HERBMED PHARMACOLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.34172/jhp.2020.15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Herbal plants can be used to treat and prevent life-threatening diseases, such as prostate cancer, infections and other diseases. The findings from traditional medicine and the use of medicinal plants can help control and treat most problems due to prostate diseases. The aim of this study was to identify and report the most important medicinal plants that affect prostate disorders. Based on the results of the review of numerous articles indexed in the databases ISI, Scopus, PubMed, Google Scholar, etc., a number of plants have been reported to be used in the treatment and prevention of diseases, inflammation, infection, and cancer of the prostate gland. The plants include Panax ginseng, Arum palaestinum, Melissa officinalis, Syzygium paniculatum, Coptis chinensis, Embelia ribes, Scutellaria baicalensis, Tripterygium wilfordii, Salvia triloba, Ocimum tenuiflorum, Psidium guajava, Ganoderma lucidum, Litchi chinensis, Saussurea costus, Andrographis paniculata, Magnolia officinalis and Prunus africana. Phytochemical investigations have examined the therapeutic effects of medicinal plants effective on prostate cancer and their possible mechanisms of action and clinical effects as well as the use of active flavonoids in production of herbal drugs. Due to the active ingredients and important flavonoids of these plants, they can be used in production of herbal drugs that prevent and treat infections, inflammation and cancer of the prostate gland, and reduce the metastasis of prostate cancer cells, reducing the patients’ suffering and pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gholam Basati
- Biotechnology and Medicinal Plants Research Center, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
| | - Pardis Ghanadi
- Medical Student, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - Saber Abbaszadeh
- Student Research Committee, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
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8
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Madersbacher S, Sampson N, Culig Z. Pathophysiology of Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia and Benign Prostatic Enlargement: A Mini-Review. Gerontology 2019; 65:458-464. [PMID: 30943489 DOI: 10.1159/000496289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2018] [Accepted: 12/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), benign prostatic enlargement (BPE) and lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) belong to the most frequent diseases in ageing men. Beyond the 6th decade of life, more than 30% of men suffer from moderate to severe LUTS requiring intervention. The pathophysiology of BPH/BPE is still incompletely understood. The dominant role of the androgen system and the androgen receptor is well defined. Androgen receptors are expressed in BPH tissue in which they are activated by the potent androgen dihydrotestosterone. Synthesis of dihydrotestosterone is under control of the 5α-reductase enzyme, activity of which is antagonized by finasteride and dutasteride. More recently, the impact of prostatic inflammation and metabolic parameters particularly for the development of BPE and LUTS has increasingly been recognized. A better understanding of the pathophysiology is a prerequisite for the development of novel, more effective medical treatment options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephan Madersbacher
- Department of Urology, Kaiser Franz Josef Hospital, Vienna, Austria,
- Sigmund Freud Private University, Vienna, Austria,
| | - Natalie Sampson
- Department of Urology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Zoran Culig
- Department of Urology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
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9
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Pyke RE. Toward a Scientific Nutritional Supplement Combination for Prostatism and Erectile Dysfunction I: From Known Pharmacology to Clinical Testing. J Med Food 2019; 22:529-537. [PMID: 30864860 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2018.0148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostatism and erectile dysfunction (ED) are highly prevalent and closely comorbid. Prescription treatments are limitingly expensive but robust in mechanisms of action (MoA). Nutritional supplements (NS) are low-cost but inadequately supported by evidence. Do any NS use robust MoA? Could their efficacy be amplified via dosing, concentration of active principles, and/or use in combination? The goal is to develop an effective NS for prostatism and ED using the MoA of prescription treatments. Literature reviews were conducted on dietary supplements for prostatism or ED and MoA of relevant drugs. The most promising NS employing these MoA were chosen. A pilot study of a prototype combination was conducted. A protocol was created for an adequate dose-response trial to test the NS combination in men with ED and prostatism. The main measures were response rates, International Prostate Symptom Score, and International Index of Erectile Function. For drugs, the MoAs best proven for prostatism and ED were nitric oxide augmentation, mild androgen inhibition, and anti-inflammatory effects. The following NS best simulate these MoA and are best supported for efficacy; for prostatism: beta sitosterol; for ED: panax ginseng, arginine, and citrulline. Pilot clinical data provided support. A plan for a formal dose-response clinical trial was approved by a central institutional review board. NS using effective MoA might suffice for prostatism and ED. Pilot testing of a combination NS with the best-supported MoA supported further development. A dose-response trial should be conducted using adequate doses of L-citrulline, beta-sitosterol, ginseng, and vitamin D3.
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10
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The Effects of Korea Red Ginseng on Inflammatory Cytokines and Apoptosis in Rat Model with Chronic Nonbacterial Prostatitis. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 2019:2462561. [PMID: 30756082 PMCID: PMC6348920 DOI: 10.1155/2019/2462561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2018] [Revised: 10/24/2018] [Accepted: 12/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Chronic prostatitis typically occurs in aging men, and its symptoms include frequent and painful urination. In recent study, several studies have shown that Korean red ginseng (KRG) can be used in the prevention and treatment of various diseases. The objective of this study is to investigate whether KRG can play a role in repressing the development of chronic nonbacterial prostatitis (CNP) in male Wistar rats. To induce CNP, rats were castrated and beta-estradiol (0.25 mg/kg) was subcutaneously (s.c.) injected daily. 7-week-old male Wistar rats were divided into 5 groups (the normal group, CNP group, positive group, and KRG group (0.25g/kg) and another KRG (0.50g/kg) group. After 4 weeks, all rats were sacrificed and their prostate and serum were analyzed. Compared to the positive group, the KRG groups (0.25g/kg and 0.50g/kg) showed similar protective properties on CNP based on the histopathologic morphology of the prostate and the inflammation cytokines in the prostate tissue. Also, results of the immunohistochemistry staining showed that expression levels of vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA), interleukin 6 (IL6), interleukin 1 beta (IL-1ß), tumor necrosis factor (TNF-alpha), and cytochrome c oxidase subunit II (COX2) were also decreased in KRG group (0.25g/kg) and KRG group (0.50g/kg). These results suggested that KRG inhibited the development of CNP and might a useful herbal treatment or functional food for CNP.
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Choi BR, Kim HK, Soni KK, Karna KK, Lee SW, So I, Park JK. Additive effect of oral LDD175 to tamsulosin and finasteride in a benign prostate hyperplasia rat model. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2018; 12:1855-1863. [PMID: 29970959 PMCID: PMC6021003 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s164049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Objective We investigated the benefits of the BKCa agonist 4-chloro-7-trifluoromethyl-10H-benzo[4,5]furo[3,2-b]indole-1-carboxylic acid (LDD175) combined with tamsulosin and finasteride, in a benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) rat model. Materials and methods Castration was performed by bilateral orchiectomy under ketamine anesthesia. A rat model of BPH was established by daily intramuscular administration of testosterone propionate plus 17β-estradiol for 8 weeks. Model rats were administered combinations of 20 mg/kg LDD175, 0.01 mg/kg tamsulosin and 1 mg/kg finasteride once daily by oral gavage for 4 weeks from week 6 to 9 post-surgery. Intraurethral pressure induced by electrostimulation of the hypogastric nerve was measured at the end of administration. Body and genitourinary organ weights were recorded, serums were assayed for hormone concentrations, and tissues were subjected to histopathology, and analyses of α1-adrenoceptor mRNA and protein expression levels after treatment. Results Combined LDD175, tamsulosin, and finasteride significantly decreased prostatic index, serum hormone levels, epithelial thickness, and prostate expression of α1-adrenoceptors in BPH model rats. The 3-drug combination was more effective than any other combination or LDD175 alone. Conclusion These results suggest that LDD175 addition to tamsulosin and finasteride may be beneficial for the treatment of BPH patients who do not respond to tamsulosin plus finasteride.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Ram Choi
- Department of Urology, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea.,Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Chonbuk National University-Biomedical Research Institute, Chonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Republic of Korea.,Clinical Trial Center of Medical Device of Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Kyung Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Kyungsung University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Kiran Kumar Soni
- Department of Urology, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea.,Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Chonbuk National University-Biomedical Research Institute, Chonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Republic of Korea.,Clinical Trial Center of Medical Device of Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Keshab Kumar Karna
- Department of Urology, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea.,Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Chonbuk National University-Biomedical Research Institute, Chonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Republic of Korea.,Clinical Trial Center of Medical Device of Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Won Lee
- Department of Urology, Samsung Medical Center, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Insuk So
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Kwan Park
- Department of Urology, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea.,Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Chonbuk National University-Biomedical Research Institute, Chonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Republic of Korea.,Clinical Trial Center of Medical Device of Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
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12
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Kim SK, GyuKo I, Park HJ, Chung JH, Cho KB, Kwon OY, Park KH, Ahn YS, Park CG, Kim YO. Effects of Panax ginseng on the nerve growth factor expression in testosterone induced benign prostatic hyperplasia. Saudi J Biol Sci 2016; 25:66-70. [PMID: 29379359 PMCID: PMC5775092 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2016.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2016] [Revised: 07/23/2016] [Accepted: 07/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The prostatic hyperplasia in benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) leads to obstructive micturition symptoms. Previous studies showed that pontine micturition center (PMC), ventrolateral periaqueductal gray (vlPAG), and medial preopticnucleus (MPA) regions in the brain have been known to regulate the urinary bladder function. The present study shows the influences of Panax ginseng on nerve growth factor (NGF) expressions in PMC, vlPAG, and MPA regions in the brain. Wistar rats were used for the present study. The rats split into four groups; 4 groups (n = 6) in control group, BPH-induced group, BPH-induced and P. ginseng-treated group, and BPH-induced and finasteride-treated group. BPH in rats was induced by testosterone and the animals were evaluated for NGF expression in PMC, vlPAG, and MPA regions in the brain. The NGF expression was identified using immunohistochemistry (IHC). The NGF expression by IHC showed spots with dark brown color. In our results, NGF expressions in PMC, vlPAG, and MPA regions in the brainstem of the BPH-induced group showed increase than the control animal. These increased NGF expressions in three regions were decreased using treatment with P. ginseng (200 mg/kg). These results suggest that P. ginseng has therapeutic effects on the symptoms of BPH and is associated with the regulation of NGF expression in the brain. In conclusion, the administration of P. ginseng helps nerve growth factor activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su Kang Kim
- Kohwang Medical Research Institute, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Il GyuKo
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Hae Jeong Park
- Kohwang Medical Research Institute, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Joo-Ho Chung
- Kohwang Medical Research Institute, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyu Bong Cho
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, College of Health Sciences, Shinhan University, Gyeonggi 11644, Republic of Korea
| | - Oh Young Kwon
- Department of Medical Education and Medical Humanities, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyeong Hun Park
- Herbal Crop Utilization Research Team, Department of Medicinal Crop Research Institute, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Sub Ahn
- Herbal Crop Utilization Research Team, Department of Medicinal Crop Research Institute, Republic of Korea
| | - Chun Geon Park
- Herbal Crop Utilization Research Team, Department of Medicinal Crop Research Institute, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Ock Kim
- Herbal Crop Utilization Research Team, Department of Medicinal Crop Research Institute, Republic of Korea
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A herbal formula, comprising Panax ginseng and bee-pollen, inhibits development of testosterone-induced benign prostatic hyperplasia in male Wistar rats. Saudi J Biol Sci 2015; 24:1555-1561. [PMID: 30294225 PMCID: PMC6169514 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2015.10.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2015] [Revised: 10/24/2015] [Accepted: 10/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
A recent study reported that Panax ginseng (P. ginseng) has a protective effect on the development of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). KH053 is used as a new herbal prescription consisting of P. ginseng and bee-pollen. The present study aimed to investigate whether the KH053 has inhibition effects on the development of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) using an animal model with testosterone induced BPH. The experiment was carried out in forty male Wistar 7 week old rats that were divided into four groups (control group, BPH group, positive group, and KH053 group). One group was used as the control and the three groups received subcutaneous injections of testosterone 20 mg/kg for 4 weeks to induce BPH. One of them received KH053 by oral gavage daily at doses of 200 mg/kg concurrently with the testosterone. The positive group received finasteride at a dose of 1 mg/kg with testosterone. After 4 weeks, all rats were sacrificed and analyzed for prostate weight, and growth factors. Results revealed that, compared to rats in the BPH group, KH053 showed that the prostate weight and dihydrotestosterone (DHT) levels in serum were significantly decreased and the decreases in hyperplasia in prostate were also observed. In addition, immunohistochemistry (IHC) also revealed that the protein expressions of growth factors [transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)] in prostate tissue were decreased in the KH053 group. In conclusion, these results suggest that KH053, comprising P. ginseng and bee-pollen, inhibits the development of BPH in Wistar rat model and might be used as functional food for BPH.
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From assessment for new targets to comprehensive assessment. Int Neurourol J 2015; 18:169-70. [PMID: 25558414 PMCID: PMC4280435 DOI: 10.5213/inj.2014.18.4.169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
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