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Tew WY, Tan CS, Yan CS, Loh HW, Wang X, Wen X, Wei X, Yam MF. Mechanistic study on vasodilatory and antihypertensive effects of hesperetin: ex vivo and in vivo approaches. Hypertens Res 2024; 47:2416-2434. [PMID: 38914702 DOI: 10.1038/s41440-024-01652-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 06/26/2024]
Abstract
Hesperetin is one of the prominent flavonoids found in citrus fruit. Several research studies have reported that hesperetin can promote vasodilation in vascular tissue by increasing the level of nitric oxide and cyclic nucleotides. However, these may not be the only pathway for hesperetin to exert its vasodilatory effect. In addition to vasodilation, hesperetin has been found to carry an antihypertensive effect through intraperitoneal injection, although no study has comprehensively investigated the antihypertensive effect of hesperetin through oral administration. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the possible mechanism pathways involved in hesperetin-induced vasodilation and investigated its antihypertensive effects on hypertensive rats' model via oral administration. The ex vivo experimental findings showed that the NO/sGC/cGMP signalling pathway was involved in hesperetin-mediated vasodilation. Moreover, hesperetin activated the AC/cAMP/PKA pathway through PGI2 and activated the β2-adrenergic receptor. Hesperetin can act as a voltage-gated potassium channel (KV) and ATP-sensitive potassium channel (KATP) opener. The intracellular calcium in vascular smooth muscle was reduced by hesperetin through blocking the voltage-operated calcium channels (VOCC) and inositol triphosphate receptor (IP3R). In the in vivo assessment, hesperetin shows a significant decrease in Spontaneously Hypertensive rats' blood pressure following 21 days of oral treatment. The sub-chronic toxicity assessment demonstrated that hesperetin exhibited no deleterious effects on the body weights, clinical biochemistry and haematological profile of Sprague-Dawley rats. This study implies that hesperetin holds promise as a potential medication for hypertension treatment, devoid of undesirable side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan Yin Tew
- College of Pharmacy, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1 Qiuyang Road, Shangjie, Minhou, Fuzhou, 350122, Fujian, China
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800, Minden, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
| | - Chu Shan Tan
- Material Characterization and Inorganic Spectroscopy, Perkin Elmer Sdn. Bhd., #2.01. Level 2, Wisma Academy, Lot 4A, Jalan 19/1, 46300, Petaling Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Chong Seng Yan
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800, Minden, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
| | - Hui Wei Loh
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800, Minden, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
| | - Xuye Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800, Minden, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
| | - Xu Wen
- College of Pharmacy, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1 Qiuyang Road, Shangjie, Minhou, Fuzhou, 350122, Fujian, China
| | - Xu Wei
- College of Pharmacy, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1 Qiuyang Road, Shangjie, Minhou, Fuzhou, 350122, Fujian, China.
| | - Mun Fei Yam
- College of Pharmacy, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1 Qiuyang Road, Shangjie, Minhou, Fuzhou, 350122, Fujian, China.
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800, Minden, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia.
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Choi YE, Yang JM, Jeong CW, Shin S, Park J, Lee K, Cho JH. Prunus yedoensis Bark Downregulates the Expression of Cell Adhesion Molecules in Human Endothelial Cell Lines and Relaxes Blood Vessels in Rat Aortic Rings. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:926. [PMID: 39065776 PMCID: PMC11279544 DOI: 10.3390/ph17070926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2024] [Revised: 07/02/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The incidence of cardiovascular diseases, such as high blood pressure, is increasing worldwide, owing to population aging and irregular lifestyle habits. Previous studies have reported the vasorelaxant effects of Prunus yedoensis bark methanol extract. However, various solvent extracts of P. yedoensis bark and their vascular relaxation mechanisms have not been sufficiently studied. We prepared extracts of P. yedoensis bark using various solvents (water, 30% ethanol, and 70% ethanol). P. yedoensis bark 30% ethanol extract (PYB-30E) decreased the expression of vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1), intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), and E-selectin in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) activated with 200 ng/mL TNF-α. Additionally, PYB-30E showed vasodilatory effects on isolated rat aortic rings. This was confirmed to be the result of the activation of the NO/cGMP pathway, regulation of non-selective calcium-activated K+ channels, and calcium channel blockade. Additionally, PYB-30E significantly reduced systolic and diastolic blood pressure in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). Taken together, our results indicated that PYB-30E is a candidate functional material with preventive and therapeutic effects against hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Eun Choi
- Haram Central Research Institute, Cheongju 28160, Republic of Korea; (Y.E.C.); (J.M.Y.); (C.W.J.)
| | - Jung Mo Yang
- Haram Central Research Institute, Cheongju 28160, Republic of Korea; (Y.E.C.); (J.M.Y.); (C.W.J.)
| | - Chae Won Jeong
- Haram Central Research Institute, Cheongju 28160, Republic of Korea; (Y.E.C.); (J.M.Y.); (C.W.J.)
| | - Sujin Shin
- Department of Korean Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea;
| | - Junkyu Park
- Department of Science in Korean Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea;
| | - Kyungjin Lee
- Department of Herbal Pharmacology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea;
| | - Ju Hyun Cho
- Haram Central Research Institute, Cheongju 28160, Republic of Korea; (Y.E.C.); (J.M.Y.); (C.W.J.)
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Abolfazli S, Mortazavi P, Kheirandish A, Butler AE, Jamialahmadi T, Sahebkar A. Regulatory effects of curcumin on nitric oxide signaling in the cardiovascular system. Nitric Oxide 2024; 143:16-28. [PMID: 38141926 DOI: 10.1016/j.niox.2023.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 11/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/25/2023]
Abstract
The continuously rising prevalence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) globally substantially impacts the economic growth of developing countries. Indeed, one of the leading causes of death worldwide is unfavorable cardiovascular events. Reduced nitric oxide (NO) generation is the pathogenic foundation of endothelial dysfunction, which is regarded as the first stage in the development of a number of CVDs. Nitric oxide exerts an array of biological effects, including vasodilation, the suppression of vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation and the functional control of cardiac cells. Numerous treatment strategies aim to increase NO synthesis or upregulate downstream NO signaling pathways. The major component of Curcuma longa, curcumin, has long been utilized in traditional medicine to treat various illnesses, especially CVDs. Curcumin improves CV function as well as having important pleiotropic effects, such as anti-inflammatory and antioxidant, through its ability to increase the bioavailability of NO and to positively impact NO-related signaling pathways. In this review, we discuss the scientific literature relating to curcumin's positive effects on NO signaling and vascular endothelial function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajad Abolfazli
- Student Research Committee, School of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Science, Sari, Iran
| | - Parham Mortazavi
- Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Ali Kheirandish
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Hemmat Highway, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alexandra E Butler
- Research Department, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Bahrain, PO Box, 15503, Adliya, Bahrain
| | - Tannaz Jamialahmadi
- Medical Toxicology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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Campos-Carraro C, Turck P, de Lima-Seolin BG, Teixeira RB, Zimmer A, Araujo ASDR, Belló-Klein A. Copaiba oil improves pulmonary nitric oxide bioavailability in monocrotaline-treated rats. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2023; 101:447-454. [PMID: 37581356 DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2023-0028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/16/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative stress is involved in increased pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) and right ventricular (RV) hypertrophy, characteristics of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). Copaiba oil, an antioxidant compound, could attenuate PAH damage. This study's aim was to determine the effects of copaiba oil on lung oxidative stress, PVR, and mean pulmonary arterial pressure (mPAP) in the monocrotaline (MCT) model of PAH. Male Wistar rats (170 g, n = 7/group) were divided into four groups: control, MCT, copaiba oil, and MCT + copaiba oil (MCT-O). PAH was induced by MCT (60 mg/kg i.p.) and, after 1 week, the treatment with copaiba oil (400 mg/kg/day gavage) was started for 14 days. Echocardiographic and hemodynamic measurements were performed. RV was collected for morphometric evaluations and lungs and the pulmonary artery were used for biochemical analysis. Copaiba oil significantly reduced RV hypertrophy, PVR, mPAP, and antioxidant enzyme activities in the MCT-O group. Moreover, increased nitric oxide synthase and decreased NADPH oxidase activities were observed in the MCT-O group. In conclusion, copaiba oil was able to improve the balance between nitric oxide and reactive oxygen species in lungs and the pulmonary artery and to reduce PVR, which could explain a decrease in RV hypertrophy in this PAH model.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Patrick Turck
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | | | | | - Alexsandra Zimmer
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | | | - Adriane Belló-Klein
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
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Luik AL, Hannocks MJ, Loismann S, Kapupara K, Cerina M, van der Stoel M, Tsytsyura Y, Glyvuk N, Nordenvall C, Klingauf J, Huveneers S, Meuth S, Jakobsson L, Sorokin L. Endothelial basement membrane laminins - new players in mouse and human myoendothelial junctions and shear stress communication. Matrix Biol 2023; 121:56-73. [PMID: 37311512 DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2023.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Basement membranes (BMs) are critical but frequently ignored components of the vascular system. Using high-resolution confocal imaging of whole-mount-stained mesenteric arteries, we identify integrins, vinculin, focal adhesion kinase (FAK) and several BM proteins including laminins as novel components of myoendothelial junctions (MEJs), anatomical microdomains that are emerging as regulators of cross-talk between endothelium and smooth muscle cells (SMCs). Electron microscopy revealed multiple layers of the endothelial BM that surround endothelial projections into the smooth muscle layer as structural characteristics of MEJs. The shear-responsive calcium channel TRPV4 is broadly distributed in endothelial cells and occurs in a proportion of MEJs where it localizes to the tips of the endothelial projections that are in contact with the underlying SMCs. In mice lacking the major endothelial laminin isoform, laminin 411 (Lama4-/-), which we have previously shown over-dilate in response to shear and exhibit a compensatory laminin 511 upregulation, localization of TRPV4 at the endothelial-SMC interface in MEJs was increased. Endothelial laminins do not affect TRPV4 expression, rather in vitro electrophysiology studies using human umbilical cord arterial endothelial cells revealed enhanced TRPV4 signalling upon culturing on an RGD-motif containing domain of laminin 511. Hence, integrin-mediated interactions with laminin 511 in MEJ structures unique to resistance arteries modulate TRPV4 localization at the endothelial-smooth muscle interface in MEJs and signalling over this shear-response molecule.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna-Liisa Luik
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry; Cells in Motion Interfaculty Centre
| | - Melanie-Jane Hannocks
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry; Cells in Motion Interfaculty Centre
| | - Sophie Loismann
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry; Cells in Motion Interfaculty Centre
| | - Kishan Kapupara
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry; Cells in Motion Interfaculty Centre
| | - Manuela Cerina
- Cells in Motion Interfaculty Centre; Institute of Translational Neurology and Department of Neurology, University of Muenster, Germany
| | - Miesje van der Stoel
- Dept of Medical Biochemistry, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam University Medical Centre, the Netherlands
| | - Yaroslav Tsytsyura
- Institute of Medical Physics and Biophysics, University of Münster, Germany
| | - Nataliya Glyvuk
- Institute of Medical Physics and Biophysics, University of Münster, Germany
| | - Caroline Nordenvall
- Dept of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institute, Sweden; Dept of Pelvic Cancer, GI Oncology and Colorectal Surgery Unit, Karolinska University Hospital, Sweden
| | - Jürgen Klingauf
- Institute of Medical Physics and Biophysics, University of Münster, Germany
| | - Stephan Huveneers
- Dept of Medical Biochemistry, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam University Medical Centre, the Netherlands
| | - Sven Meuth
- Cells in Motion Interfaculty Centre; Institute of Translational Neurology and Department of Neurology, University of Muenster, Germany; Neurology Clinic, Medical Faculty, University of Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Lars Jakobsson
- Dept of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institute, Sweden
| | - Lydia Sorokin
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry; Cells in Motion Interfaculty Centre.
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Balis P, Berenyiova A, Misak A, Grman M, Rostakova Z, Waczulikova I, Cacanyiova S, Domínguez-Álvarez E, Ondrias K. The Phthalic Selenoanhydride Decreases Rat Blood Pressure and Tension of Isolated Mesenteric, Femoral and Renal Arteries. Molecules 2023; 28:4826. [PMID: 37375381 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28124826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Phthalic selenoanhydride (R-Se) solved in physiological buffer releases various reactive selenium species including H2Se. It is a potential compound for Se supplementation which exerts several biological effects, but its effect on the cardiovascular system is still unknown. Therefore, herein we aimed to study how R-Se affects rat hemodynamic parameters and vasoactive properties in isolated arteries. The right jugular vein of anesthetized Wistar male rats was cannulated for IV administration of R-Se. The arterial pulse waveform (APW) was detected by cannulation of the left carotid artery, enabling the evaluation of 35 parameters. R-Se (1-2 µmol kg-1), but not phthalic anhydride or phthalic thioanhydride, transiently modulated most of the APW parameters including a decrease in systolic and diastolic blood pressure, heart rate, dP/dtmax relative level, or anacrotic/dicrotic notches, whereas systolic area, dP/dtmin delay, dP/dtd delay, anacrotic notch relative level or its delay increased. R-Se (~10-100 µmol L-1) significantly decreased the tension of precontracted mesenteric, femoral, and renal arteries, whereas it showed a moderate vasorelaxation effect on thoracic aorta isolated from normotensive Wistar rats. The results imply that R-Se acts on vascular smooth muscle cells, which might underlie the effects of R-Se on the rat hemodynamic parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Balis
- Institute of Normal and Pathological Physiology, Centre of Experimental Medicine, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 841 04 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Andrea Berenyiova
- Institute of Normal and Pathological Physiology, Centre of Experimental Medicine, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 841 04 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Anton Misak
- Institute of Clinical and Translational Research, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 845 05 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Marian Grman
- Institute of Clinical and Translational Research, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 845 05 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Zuzana Rostakova
- Institute of Measurement Science, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska Cesta 9, 841 04 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Iveta Waczulikova
- Faculty of Mathematics, Physics and Informatics, Comenius University, Mlynska Dolina F1, 842 48 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Sona Cacanyiova
- Institute of Normal and Pathological Physiology, Centre of Experimental Medicine, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 841 04 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Enrique Domínguez-Álvarez
- Instituto de Química Orgánica General (IQOG), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas CSIC, Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Karol Ondrias
- Institute of Clinical and Translational Research, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 845 05 Bratislava, Slovakia
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Rajai N, Ahmad A, Toya T, Sara JD, Herrmann J, Lerman LO, Lerman A. Coronary microvascular dysfunction is an independent predictor of developing cancer in patients with non-obstructive coronary artery disease. Eur J Prev Cardiol 2023; 30:209-216. [PMID: 35989450 PMCID: PMC10787540 DOI: 10.1093/eurjpc/zwac184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Revised: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Cardiovascular disease and cancer share common pathogenesis and risk factors. Coronary microvascular dysfunction (CMD), reflecting impaired coronary microvascular dilation in response to stress, is related to a higher risk of major cardiovascular events; however, its association with cancer has not been explored. METHODS AND RESULTS A retrospective study on 1042 patients with non-obstructive coronary artery diseases (NOCADs) was performed. Data regarding demographic, clinical history, diagnostic coronary reactivity test, and cancer occurrence were collected. Coronary microvascular dysfunction was defined as coronary flow reserve (the ratio of hyperaemic blood flow to resting blood flow) ≤2.5. Thirty-four per cent had CMD (67.4% female and the average age was 52.4 ± 12.2 years). Of 917 patients with no history of cancer, 15.5% developed cancer during follow-up [median of 9 (4, 16) years]. Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that CMD patients had lower cancer-free survival compared with those without CMD (log-rank P = 0.005). Cox proportional hazard analyses showed that after adjusting for age, sex, hypertension, diabetes, smoking, and glomerular filtration rate, CMD is independently associated with cancer [hazard ratio, 1.4; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.09-2.04; P = 0.04]. The rate of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) was significantly higher in CMD patients compared with that in non-CMD patients who had a previous history of cancer [odds ratio (OR), 2.5; 95% CI, 1-6.2; P = 0.04] and those with no history of cancer (OR, 1.4; 95% CI, 1.01-1.9; P = 0.044). CONCLUSION Coronary microvascular dysfunction is associated with cancer incidence in patients presenting with NOCADs. This study emphasizes follow-up in patients with CMD to evaluate the risk of MACE as well as potential malignant diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nazanin Rajai
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55902, USA
| | - Ali Ahmad
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55902, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - Takumi Toya
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55902, USA
- Division of Cardiology, National Defense Medical College, Tokorozawa, Saitama, Japan
| | - Jaskanwal D. Sara
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55902, USA
| | - Joerg Herrmann
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55902, USA
| | - Lilach O. Lerman
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Amir Lerman
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55902, USA
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Cabral MD, Martins FO, Martins IB, Melo BF, Sacramento JF, Conde SV, Prieto-Lloret J. Effect of Carotid Body Denervation on Systemic Endothelial Function in a Diabetic Animal Model. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2023; 1427:115-125. [PMID: 37322342 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-32371-3_13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Endothelial dysfunction is an essential intermediary for development of cardiovascular diseases associated with diabetes and hypertension (HT). The carotid body (CB) dysfunction contributes to dysmetabolic states, and the resection of carotid sinus nerve (CSN) prevents and reverts dysmetabolism and HT. Herein, we investigated if CSN denervation ameliorates systemic endothelial dysfunction in an animal model of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).We used Wistar male rats submitted to HFHSu diet during 25 weeks and the correspondent age-matched controls fed with a standard diet. CSN resection was performed in half of the groups after 14 weeks of diet. In vivo insulin sensitivity, glucose tolerance and blood pressure, ex vivo aortic artery contraction and relaxation and nitric oxide (NO) levels in plasma and aorta, aorta nitric oxide synthase (NOS) isoforms, and PGF2αR levels were evaluated.We demonstrated that, alongside to dysmetabolism and HT reversion, CSN resection restores endothelial function in the aorta and decreases the NO levels in plasma and aorta at the same time that restores normal levels of iNOS in aorta without changing eNOS or PGF2αR levels.These results suggest that the modulation of CB activity can be important for the treatment of HT and endothelial dysfunction related with T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marlene D Cabral
- iNOVA4Health, NOVA Medical School, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Fátima O Martins
- iNOVA4Health, NOVA Medical School, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Inês B Martins
- iNOVA4Health, NOVA Medical School, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Bernardete F Melo
- iNOVA4Health, NOVA Medical School, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Joana F Sacramento
- iNOVA4Health, NOVA Medical School, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Silvia V Conde
- iNOVA4Health, NOVA Medical School, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal.
| | - Jesus Prieto-Lloret
- iNOVA4Health, NOVA Medical School, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
- Instituto de Biologia y Genetica Molecular (IBGM), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Universidad de Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
- Departamento de Bioquimica, Biologia Molecular y Fisiologia, Universidad de Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
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White Wine—Induced Endothelium-Dependent Vasorelaxation in Sprague-Dawley Rats. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11050944. [PMID: 35624811 PMCID: PMC9137674 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11050944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Revised: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The vasodilatory activity and polyphenolic content of commercially available white wine is low compared to red wines. This study assessed the vasodilator potential of white wines produced by four different fermentation processes: (1) white wine produced by the standard procedure; (2) grapes left to macerate completely for 30 days; (3) grapes left to macerate up to half of unfermented sugar; and (4) wine produced by cooling the must. All tested wine samples were analyzed for their phenolic content, antioxidant capacity, and ethanol content. Vasodilation was examined in the norepinephrine pre-contracted isolated rat aortas of male Sprague-Dawley rats randomly exposed to cumulative concentrations (0.1‰ to 8‰ final dilutions in organ baths) of each of the tested wine samples with or without quercetin and/or gallic acid supplementation, in the absence/presence of NOS inhibitor L-NAME. Standard procedure and the procedure involving must cooling gives wine with lower phenolic content, antioxidant capacity, and lower vasodilator potential, respectively. L-NAME inhibited vasodilation to all wine samples. Quercetin with or without gallic acid supplementation restored vasodilation. Results show that vasodilation to white wine is NO-dependent and suggest the possibility of increasing the antioxidant capacity and vasodilatory potential of white wine using different production procedures, depending on quercetin content.
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Gupta R, Sahu M, Tripathi R, Ambasta RK, Kumar P. Protein S-sulfhydration: Unraveling the prospective of hydrogen sulfide in the brain, vasculature and neurological manifestations. Ageing Res Rev 2022; 76:101579. [PMID: 35124235 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2022.101579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Revised: 01/30/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) and hydrogen polysulfides (H2Sn) are essential regulatory signaling molecules generated by the entire body, including the central nervous system. Researchers have focused on the classical H2S signaling from the past several decades, whereas the last decade has shown the emergence of H2S-induced protein S-sulfhydration signaling as a potential therapeutic approach. Cysteine S-persulfidation is a critical paradigm of post-translational modification in the process of H2S signaling. Additionally, studies have shown the cross-relationship between S-sulfhydration and other cysteine-induced post-translational modifications, namely nitrosylation and carbonylation. In the central nervous system, S-sulfhydration is involved in the cytoprotection through various signaling pathways, viz. inflammatory response, oxidative stress, endoplasmic reticulum stress, atherosclerosis, thrombosis, and angiogenesis. Further, studies have demonstrated H2S-induced S-sulfhydration in regulating different biological processes, such as mitochondrial integrity, calcium homeostasis, blood-brain permeability, cerebral blood flow, and long-term potentiation. Thus, protein S-sulfhydration becomes a crucial regulatory molecule in cerebrovascular and neurodegenerative diseases. Herein, we first described the generation of intracellular H2S followed by the application of H2S in the regulation of cerebral blood flow and blood-brain permeability. Further, we described the involvement of S-sulfhydration in different biological and cellular functions, such as inflammatory response, mitochondrial integrity, calcium imbalance, and oxidative stress. Moreover, we highlighted the importance of S-sulfhydration in cerebrovascular and neurodegenerative diseases.
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Erdmann J, Kujaciński M, Wiciński M. Beneficial Effects of Ursolic Acid and Its Derivatives-Focus on Potential Biochemical Mechanisms in Cardiovascular Conditions. Nutrients 2021; 13:3900. [PMID: 34836155 PMCID: PMC8622438 DOI: 10.3390/nu13113900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Revised: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Ursolic acid (UA) is a natural pentacyclic triterpenoid found in a number of plants such as apples, thyme, oregano, hawthorn and others. Several in vitro and in vivo studies have presented its anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic properties. The inhibition of NF-κB-mediated inflammatory pathways and the increased scavenging of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in numerous ways seem to be the most beneficial effects of UA. In mice and rats, administration of UA appears to slow down the development of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), especially atherosclerosis and cardiac fibrosis. Upregulation of endothelial-type nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) and cystathionine-λ-lyase (CSE) by UA may suggest its vasorelaxant property. Inhibition of metalloproteinases activity by UA may contribute to better outcomes in aneurysms management. UA influence on lipid and glucose metabolism remains inconsistent, and additional studies are essential to verify its efficacy. Furthermore, UA derivatives appear to have a beneficial impact on the cardiovascular system. This review aims to summarize recent findings on beneficial effects of UA that may make it a promising candidate for clinical trials for the management of CVDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakub Erdmann
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University, M. Curie 9, 85-090 Bydgoszcz, Poland; (M.K.); (M.W.)
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McCarthy CG, Chakraborty S, Singh G, Yeoh BS, Schreckenberger ZJ, Singh A, Mell B, Bearss NR, Yang T, Cheng X, Vijay-Kumar M, Wenceslau CF, Joe B. Ketone body β-hydroxybutyrate is an autophagy-dependent vasodilator. JCI Insight 2021; 6:e149037. [PMID: 34499623 PMCID: PMC8564907 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.149037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Autophagy has long been associated with longevity, and it is well established that autophagy reverts and prevents vascular deterioration associated with aging and cardiovascular diseases. Currently, our understanding of how autophagy benefits the vasculature is centered on the premise that reduced autophagy leads to the accumulation of cellular debris, resulting in inflammation and oxidative stress, which are then reversed by reconstitution or upregulation of autophagic activity. Evolutionarily, autophagy also functions to mobilize endogenous nutrients in response to starvation. Therefore, we hypothesized that the biosynthesis of the most physiologically abundant ketone body, β-hydroxybutyrate (βHB), would be autophagy dependent and exert vasodilatory effects via its canonical receptor, Gpr109a. To the best of our knowledge, we have revealed for the first time that the biosynthesis of βHB can be impaired by preventing autophagy. Subsequently, βHB caused potent vasodilation via potassium channels but not Gpr109a. Finally, we observed that chronic consumption of a high-salt diet negatively regulates both βHB biosynthesis and hepatic autophagy and that reconstitution of βHB bioavailability prevents high-salt diet–induced endothelial dysfunction. In summary, this work offers an alternative mechanism to the antiinflammatory and antioxidative stress hypothesis of autophagy-dependent vasculoprotection. Furthermore, it reveals a direct mechanism by which ketogenic interventions (e.g., intermittent fasting) improve vascular health.
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Cui Z, Li B, Zhang Y, He J, Shi X, Wang H, Zhao Y, Yao L, Ai D, Zhang X, Zhu Y. Inhibition of Soluble Epoxide Hydrolase Attenuates Bosutinib-Induced Blood Pressure Elevation. Hypertension 2021; 78:1527-1540. [PMID: 34601968 PMCID: PMC8516812 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.121.17548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text. Endothelial cells play a critical role in maintaining homeostasis of vascular function, and endothelial activation is involved in the initial step of atherogenesis. Previously, we reported that Abl kinase mediates shear stress–induced endothelial activation. Bosutinib, a dual inhibitor of Src and Abl kinases, exerts an atheroprotective effect; however, recent studies have demonstrated an increase in the incidence of side effects associated with bosutinib, including increased arterial blood pressure (BP). To understand the effects of bosutinib on BP regulation and the mechanistic basis for novel treatment strategies against vascular dysfunction, we generated a line of mice conditionally lacking c-Abl in endothelial cells (endothelial cell-AblKO). Knockout mice and their wild-type littermates (Ablf/f) were orally administered a clinical dose of bosutinib, and their BP was monitored. Bosutinib treatment increased BP in both endothelial cell-AblKO and Ablf/f mice. Furthermore, acetylcholine-evoked endothelium-dependent relaxation of the mesenteric arteries was impaired by bosutinib treatment. RNA sequencing of mesenteric arteries revealed that the CYP (cytochrome P450)-dependent metabolic pathway was involved in regulating BP after bosutinib treatment. Additionally, bosutinib treatment led to an upregulation of soluble epoxide hydrolase in the arteries and a lower plasma content of eicosanoid metabolites in the CYP pathway in mice. Treatment with 1-Trifluoromethoxyphenyl-3-(1-propionylpiperidin-4-yl) urea, a soluble epoxide hydrolase inhibitor, reversed the bosutinib-induced changes to the eicosanoid metabolite profile, endothelium-dependent vasorelaxation, and BP. Thus, the present study demonstrates that upregulation of soluble epoxide hydrolase mediates bosutinib-induced elevation of BP, independent of c-Abl. The addition of soluble epoxide hydrolase inhibitor in patients treated with bosutinib may aid in preventing vascular side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Cui
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Tianjin Medical University, China
| | - Bochuan Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Tianjin Medical University, China
| | - Yanhong Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Tianjin Medical University, China
| | - Jinlong He
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Tianjin Medical University, China
| | - Xuelian Shi
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Tianjin Medical University, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Tianjin Medical University, China
| | - Yinjiao Zhao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Tianjin Medical University, China
| | - Liu Yao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Tianjin Medical University, China
| | - Ding Ai
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Tianjin Medical University, China
| | - Xu Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Tianjin Medical University, China
| | - Yi Zhu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Tianjin Medical University, China
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Lewis THJ, Getsy PM, Peroni JF, Ryan RM, Jenkins MW, Lewis SJ. Characterization of endothelium-dependent and -independent processes in occipital artery of the rat: Relevance to control of blood flow to nodose sensory cells. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2021; 131:1067-1079. [PMID: 34323595 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00221.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Circulating factors access cell bodies of vagal afferents in nodose ganglia (NG) via the occipital artery (OA). Constrictor responses of OA segments closer in origin from the external carotid artery (ECA) differ from segments closer to NG. Our objective was to determine the role of endothelium in this differential vasoreactivity in rat OA segments. Vasoreactivity of OA segments (proximal segments closer to ECA, distal segments closer to NG) were examined in wire myographs. We evaluated (a) vasoconstrictor effects of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) in intact and endothelium-denuded OA segments in absence/presence of soluble guanylate cyclase (SGC) inhibitor ODQ, (b) vasodilator responses elicited by NO-donor MAHMA NONOate in intact or endothelium-denuded OA segments in absence/presence of ODQ, and (c) vasodilator responses elicited by endothelium-dependent vasodilator, acetylcholine (ACh), in intact OA segments in absence/presence of ODQ. Intact distal OA responded more to 5-HT than intact proximal OA. Endothelium denudation increased 5-HT potency in both OA segments, especially proximal OA. ODQ increased maximal responses of 5HT in both segments, particularly proximal OA. ACh similarly relaxed both OA segments, effects abolished by endothelial denudation and attenuated by ODQ. MAHMA NONOate elicited transient vasodilation in both segments. Effects of ODQ against ACh were segment-dependent whereas those against MAHMA NONOate were not. The endothelium regulates OA responsiveness in a segment-dependently fashion. Endothelial cells at the OA-ECA junction more strongly influence vascular tone than those closer to NG. Differential endothelial regulation of OA tone may play a role in controlling blood flow and access of circulating factors to NG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tristan H J Lewis
- Department of Biology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Paulina M Getsy
- Department of Pediatrics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - John F Peroni
- Department of Large Animal Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, United States
| | - Rita M Ryan
- Department of Pediatrics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Michael W Jenkins
- Department of Pediatrics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Stephen John Lewis
- Department of Pediatrics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States.,Department of Pharmacology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States.,Functional Electrical Stimulation Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
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Onmaz DE, Isik K, Sivrikaya A, Abusoglu S, Gezer İA, Abusoglu G, Yerlikaya FH, Unlu A. Determination of serum methylarginine levels by tandem mass spectrometric method in patients with ankylosing spondylitis. Amino Acids 2021; 53:1329-1338. [PMID: 34273021 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-021-03046-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Our aim in this study was to measure serum levels of methylarginines and related metabolites in patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS), moreover, to investigate the relationship between these parameters and various clinical and laboratory parameters of patients with AS. The study included 60 patients with AS and 60 healthy volunteers. Serum asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA), L-N monomethylarginine (L-NMMA), symmetric dimethylarginine (SDMA), arginine (Arg), homoarginine (hArg), ornithine, and citrulline concentrations were measured with tandem mass spectrometry. In addition, participants were divided into three groups according to the treatment regimen: TNF-α inhibitor group (n = 25), conventional therapy group (n = 35), and control group (n = 60). These groups were compared in terms of serum levels of methylarginine pathway metabolites and various biochemical parameters. It was found that total methylated arginine load significantly increased in patients with AS (p < 0.001), and the Arg/ADMA ratio was positively correlated with HDL levels and negatively correlated with glucose, ESR, total cholesterol, triglyceride, and LDL levels. In addition, serum ADMA, SDMA, total methylated arginine load, and CRP levels were lower (p < 0.05) in the TNF-α group compared to the conventional treatment group. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to comprehensively investigate serum methylarginine levels in patients with AS. Elevated total methylated arginine load and decreased global arginine bioavailability ratio (GABR) indicate that NO metabolism is impaired in patients with AS. Therefore, the increased cardiovascular risk in patients with AS may be related to the decreased NO production or bioavailability due to the elevated total methylarginine load.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duygu Eryavuz Onmaz
- Department of Biochemistry, Selcuk University Faculty of Medicine Alaaddin Keykubat Campus, 42075, Selcuklu, Konya, Turkey.
| | - Kevser Isik
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Selcuk University Faculty of Medicine, Konya, Turkey
| | - Abdullah Sivrikaya
- Department of Biochemistry, Selcuk University Faculty of Medicine Alaaddin Keykubat Campus, 42075, Selcuklu, Konya, Turkey
| | - Sedat Abusoglu
- Department of Biochemistry, Selcuk University Faculty of Medicine Alaaddin Keykubat Campus, 42075, Selcuklu, Konya, Turkey
| | - İlknur Albayrak Gezer
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Selcuk University Faculty of Medicine, Konya, Turkey
| | - Gulsum Abusoglu
- Department of Medical Laboratory Techniques, Selcuk University Vocational School of Health, Konya, Turkey
| | - Fatma Humeyra Yerlikaya
- Department of Biochemistry, Selcuk University Faculty of Medicine Alaaddin Keykubat Campus, 42075, Selcuklu, Konya, Turkey
| | - Ali Unlu
- Department of Biochemistry, Selcuk University Faculty of Medicine Alaaddin Keykubat Campus, 42075, Selcuklu, Konya, Turkey
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López-Fernández-Sobrino R, Soliz-Rueda JR, Ávila-Román J, Arola-Arnal A, Suárez M, Muguerza B, Bravo FI. Blood Pressure-Lowering Effect of Wine Lees Phenolic Compounds Is Mediated by Endothelial-Derived Factors: Role of Sirtuin 1. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10071073. [PMID: 34356306 PMCID: PMC8301028 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10071073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Revised: 06/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The antihypertensive effect of wine lees powder (WLPW) from a Cabernet grape variety was related to its high content in flavanols and anthocyanins compounds. This study investigates the involvement of endothelial-derived factors and SIRT1 in its bioactivity. Spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) were orally administered water or WLPW (125 mg/kg bw). Posteriorly, both groups were intraperitoneally administered saline, Nω-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME), a nitric oxide (NO) synthesis inhibitor, indomethacin, a prostacyclin synthesis inhibitor, or sirtinol, an inhibitor of sirtuins. Blood pressure (BP) was recorded before and 6 h after WLPW administration. In an additional experiment, SHR were administered water or WLPW and endothelial expressions of eNos, Sirt1, Nox4, and Et1 were determined. The BP-lowering properties of WLPW were abolished by L-NAME and partially reduced by indomethacin, demonstrating that WLPW antihypertensive effect was mediated by changes in NO availability, although prostacyclin also contributed to this activity. Moreover, BP-lowering effect was reduced by sirtinol, indicating that WLPW decreased BP in a SIRT1-dependent manner. Furthermore, WLPW upregulated eNos and Sirt1 and downregulated Nox4 and Et1 endothelial gene expression. These results evidence the vasoprotective effect of WLPW and show that its antihypertensive effect in SHR is endothelium dependent and mediated by SIRT1.
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Melo BF, Prieto-Lloret J, Cabral MD, Martins FO, Martins IB, Sacramento JF, Ruivo P, Carvalho T, Conde SV. Type 2 diabetes progression differently affects endothelial function and vascular contractility in the aorta and the pulmonary artery. Sci Rep 2021; 11:6052. [PMID: 33723367 PMCID: PMC7960698 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-85606-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is associated with cardiovascular and pulmonary disease. How T2D affects pulmonary endothelial function is not well characterized. We investigated the effects of T2D progression on contractility machinery and endothelial function in the pulmonary and systemic circulation and the mechanisms promoting the dysfunction, using pulmonary artery (PA) and aorta. A high-fat (HF, 3 weeks 60% lipid-rich diet) and a high-fat/high-sucrose (HFHSu, combined 60% lipid-rich diet and 35% sucrose during 25 weeks) groups were used as prediabetes and T2D rat models. We found that T2D progression differently affects endothelial function and vascular contractility in the aorta and PA, with the contractile machinery being altered in the PA and aorta in prediabetes and T2D animals; and endothelial function being affected in both models in the aorta but only affected in the PA of T2D animals, meaning that PA is more resistant than aorta to endothelial dysfunction. Additionally, PA and systemic endothelial dysfunction in diabetic rats were associated with alterations in the nitrergic system and inflammatory pathways. PA dysfunction in T2D involves endothelial wall mineralization. The understanding of the mechanisms behind PA dysfunction in T2D can lead to significant advances in both preventative and therapeutic treatments of pulmonary disease-associated diabetes.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Aorta/metabolism
- Aorta/pathology
- Aorta/physiopathology
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/metabolism
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/pathology
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/physiopathology
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/metabolism
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/pathology
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/physiopathology
- Endothelium, Vascular/metabolism
- Endothelium, Vascular/pathology
- Endothelium, Vascular/physiopathology
- Male
- Pulmonary Artery/metabolism
- Pulmonary Artery/pathology
- Pulmonary Artery/physiopathology
- Rats
- Rats, Wistar
- Vasoconstriction
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernardete F Melo
- iNOVA4Health, CEDOC, NOVA Medical School, NMS, Faculdade Ciências Médicas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Rua Camara Pestana, nº6, 6A, edificio II, piso 3, 1150-082, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Jesus Prieto-Lloret
- iNOVA4Health, CEDOC, NOVA Medical School, NMS, Faculdade Ciências Médicas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Rua Camara Pestana, nº6, 6A, edificio II, piso 3, 1150-082, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Marlene D Cabral
- iNOVA4Health, CEDOC, NOVA Medical School, NMS, Faculdade Ciências Médicas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Rua Camara Pestana, nº6, 6A, edificio II, piso 3, 1150-082, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Fatima O Martins
- iNOVA4Health, CEDOC, NOVA Medical School, NMS, Faculdade Ciências Médicas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Rua Camara Pestana, nº6, 6A, edificio II, piso 3, 1150-082, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Inês B Martins
- iNOVA4Health, CEDOC, NOVA Medical School, NMS, Faculdade Ciências Médicas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Rua Camara Pestana, nº6, 6A, edificio II, piso 3, 1150-082, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Joana F Sacramento
- iNOVA4Health, CEDOC, NOVA Medical School, NMS, Faculdade Ciências Médicas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Rua Camara Pestana, nº6, 6A, edificio II, piso 3, 1150-082, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Pedro Ruivo
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Tânia Carvalho
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Lisbon, Portugal
- Champalimaud Research and Clinical Centre, Champalimaud Centre for the Unknown, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Silvia V Conde
- iNOVA4Health, CEDOC, NOVA Medical School, NMS, Faculdade Ciências Médicas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Rua Camara Pestana, nº6, 6A, edificio II, piso 3, 1150-082, Lisbon, Portugal.
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The Potential Role of Creatine in Vascular Health. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13030857. [PMID: 33807747 PMCID: PMC7999364 DOI: 10.3390/nu13030857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Revised: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Creatine is an organic compound, consumed exogenously in the diet and synthesized endogenously via an intricate inter-organ process. Functioning in conjunction with creatine kinase, creatine has long been known for its pivotal role in cellular energy provision and energy shuttling. In addition to the abundance of evidence supporting the ergogenic benefits of creatine supplementation, recent evidence suggests a far broader application for creatine within various myopathies, neurodegenerative diseases, and other pathologies. Furthermore, creatine has been found to exhibit non-energy related properties, contributing as a possible direct and in-direct antioxidant and eliciting anti-inflammatory effects. In spite of the new clinical success of supplemental creatine, there is little scientific insight into the potential effects of creatine on cardiovascular disease (CVD), the leading cause of mortality. Taking into consideration the non-energy related actions of creatine, highlighted in this review, it can be speculated that creatine supplementation may serve as an adjuvant therapy for the management of vascular health in at-risk populations. This review, therefore, not only aims to summarize the current literature surrounding creatine and vascular health, but to also shed light onto the potential mechanisms in which creatine may be able to serve as a beneficial supplement capable of imparting vascular-protective properties and promoting vascular health.
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Dela Justina V, Gama LA, Schönholzer T, Bressan AF, Lima VV, Americo MF, Giachini FR. Resistance mesenteric arteries display hypercontractility in the resolution time of Strongyloides venezuelensis infection. Exp Parasitol 2021; 222:108078. [PMID: 33485874 DOI: 10.1016/j.exppara.2021.108078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Revised: 10/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/17/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The blood flow in the mesenteric region is crucial for nutrient absorption and immune response in the gastrointestinal tract. The presence of nematodes or their excreted/secreted products seems to provoke vascular dysfunction. However, it is unclear whether and how the intestinal nematodes with habitat in the intestinal niche could affect the mesenteric vascular resistance. In this study, male Wistar rats were infected with 2000 larvae of S. venezuelensis, and experiments were conducted at 0 (non-infected control), 10 or 30 days post-infection (DPI). Eggs were counted in rats' feces and adult worms recovered from the small intestine. Second- or third-order mesenteric arteries were extracted for concentration-response curves (CRC) to phenylephrine [PE; in the presence or absence of L-NAME or indomethacin] and acetylcholine. The number of eggs and adult worms were significantly higher in the 10 DPI group than those of 30 DPI group. Augmented PE-induced contraction was seen after 30 DPI compared to 10 DPI or control group. Hypercontractility to PE was partially prevented by L-NAME and wholly abolished by indomethacin incubation. Endothelium-dependent relaxation and endothelial nitric oxide synthase expression were unchanged among groups. COX-1 and COX-2 display a different pattern of expression over the infection. Hypercontractility observed in mesenteric resistance arteries in the resolution time of S. venezuelensis infection may represent systemic damage, which can generate significant cardiovascular and gastrointestinal repercussions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Dela Justina
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Goias, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Loyane Almeida Gama
- Institute of Biological Sciences and Health, Federal University of Mato Grosso, Barra Do Garças, MT, Brazil; Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University - UNESP, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Tatiane Schönholzer
- Institute of Biological Sciences and Health, Federal University of Mato Grosso, Barra Do Garças, MT, Brazil
| | - Alecsander F Bressan
- Institute of Biological Sciences and Health, Federal University of Mato Grosso, Barra Do Garças, MT, Brazil; Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Victor Vitorino Lima
- Institute of Biological Sciences and Health, Federal University of Mato Grosso, Barra Do Garças, MT, Brazil
| | - Madileine F Americo
- Institute of Biological Sciences and Health, Federal University of Mato Grosso, Barra Do Garças, MT, Brazil; Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University - UNESP, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Fernanda R Giachini
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Goias, Goiânia, GO, Brazil; Institute of Biological Sciences and Health, Federal University of Mato Grosso, Barra Do Garças, MT, Brazil.
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20
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Silva H. The Vascular Effects of Isolated Isoflavones-A Focus on the Determinants of Blood Pressure Regulation. BIOLOGY 2021; 10:49. [PMID: 33445531 PMCID: PMC7827317 DOI: 10.3390/biology10010049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Revised: 12/27/2020] [Accepted: 01/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Isoflavones are phytoestrogen compounds with important biological activities, including improvement of cardiovascular health. This activity is most evident in populations with a high isoflavone dietary intake, essentially from soybean-based products. The major isoflavones known to display the most important cardiovascular effects are genistein, daidzein, glycitein, formononetin, and biochanin A, although the closely related metabolite equol is also relevant. Most clinical studies have been focused on the impact of dietary intake or supplementation with mixtures of compounds, with only a few addressing the effect of isolated compounds. This paper reviews the main actions of isolated isoflavones on the vasculature, with particular focus given to their effect on the determinants of blood pressure regulation. Isoflavones exert vasorelaxation due to a multitude of pathways in different vascular beds. They can act in the endothelium to potentiate the release of NO and endothelium-derived hyperpolarization factors. In the vascular smooth muscle, isoflavones modulate calcium and potassium channels, leading to hyperpolarization and relaxation. Some of these effects are influenced by the binding of isoflavones to estrogen receptors and to the inhibition of specific kinase enzymes. The vasorelaxation effects of isoflavones are mostly obtained with plasma concentrations in the micromolar range, which are only attained through supplementation. This paper highlights isolated isoflavones as potentially suitable alternatives to soy-based foodstuffs and supplements and which could enlarge the current therapeutic arsenal. Nonetheless, more studies are needed to better establish their safety profile and elect the most useful applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henrique Silva
- Informetrics Research Group, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City 758307, Vietnam;
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City 758307, Vietnam
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21
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Cherukuri L, Birudaraju D, Kinninger A, Chaganti BT, Shekar C, Hamal S, Shaikh K, Flores F, Roy SK, Sotka W, Green SJ, Budoff MJ. Effect of a plant-based bioequivalent inorganic nitrate (NO3−) complex with vitamins, antioxidants and phytophenol rich food extracts in hypertensive individuals - A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Clin Nutr ESPEN 2020; 40:327-335. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2020.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Revised: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 08/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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22
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Konst RE, Guzik TJ, Kaski JC, Maas AHEM, Elias-Smale SE. The pathogenic role of coronary microvascular dysfunction in the setting of other cardiac or systemic conditions. Cardiovasc Res 2020; 116:817-828. [PMID: 31977015 PMCID: PMC7526753 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvaa009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2019] [Revised: 12/09/2019] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Coronary microvascular dysfunction (CMD) plays a pathogenic role in cardiac and systemic conditions other than microvascular angina. In this review, we provide an overview of the pathogenic role of CMD in the setting of diabetes mellitus, obesity, hypertensive pregnancy disorders, chronic inflammatory and autoimmune rheumatic disorders, chronic kidney disease, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, and aortic valve stenosis. In these various conditions, CMD results from different structural, functional, and/or dynamic alterations in the coronary microcirculation associated with the primary disease process. CMD is often detectable very early in the course of the primary disease, before clinical symptoms or signs of myocardial ischaemia are present, and it portrays an increased risk for cardiovascular events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Regina E Konst
- Department of Cardiology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Tomasz J Guzik
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, British Heart Foundation Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, Glasgow, UK
| | - Juan-Carlos Kaski
- The Queen Elizabeth Hospital Discipline of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Central Adelaide Local Health Network, Coronary Vasomotion Disorders International Study Group (COVADIS), Adelaide, Australia.,Molecular and Clinical Sciences Research Institute, St George's, University of London, London, UK
| | - Angela H E M Maas
- Department of Cardiology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Suzette E Elias-Smale
- Department of Cardiology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
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23
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Role of potassium channels in female reproductive system. Obstet Gynecol Sci 2020; 63:565-576. [PMID: 32838485 PMCID: PMC7494774 DOI: 10.5468/ogs.20064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Potassium channels are widely expressed in most types of cells in living organisms and regulate the functions of a variety of organs, including kidneys, neurons, cardiovascular organs, and pancreas among others. However, the functional roles of potassium channels in the reproductive system is less understood. This mini-review provides information about the localization and functions of potassium channels in the female reproductive system. Five types of potassium channels, which include inward-rectifying (Kir), voltage-gated (Kv), calcium-activated (KCa), 2-pore domain (K2P), and rapidly-gating sodium-activated (Slo) potassium channels are expressed in the hypothalamus, ovaries, and uterus. Their functions include the regulation of hormone release and feedback by Kir6.1 and Kir6.2, which are expressed in the luteal granulosa cells and gonadotropin-releasing hormone neurons respectively, and regulate the functioning of the hypothalamus–pituitary–ovarian axis and the production of progesterone. Both channels are regulated by subtypes of the sulfonylurea receptor (SUR), Kir6.1/SUR2B and Kir6.2/SUR1. Kv and Slo2.1 affect the transition from uterine quiescence in late pregnancy to the state of strong myometrial contractions in labor. Intermediate- and small-conductance KCa modulate the vasodilatation of the placental chorionic plate resistance arteries via the secretion of nitric oxide and endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factors. Treatment with specific channel activators and inhibitors provides information relevant for clinical use that could help alter the functions of the female reproductive system.
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24
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Moraes RDA, Alves QL, Camargo SB, Medeiros CFDA, Jesus ADM, da Hora VRS, Stiz DS, Corrêa R, Cechinel-Filho V, Silva DF. Itaconimides derivatives induce relaxation in mesenteric artery and negative inotropism by inhibition of CA2+ influx. Pharmacol Rep 2020; 72:890-902. [DOI: 10.1007/s43440-019-00051-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2019] [Revised: 11/24/2019] [Accepted: 12/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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25
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Phytopharmacological Possibilities of Bird Cherry Prunus padus L. and Prunus serotina L. Species and Their Bioactive Phytochemicals. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12071966. [PMID: 32630652 PMCID: PMC7399899 DOI: 10.3390/nu12071966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Revised: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Wild cherry is a plant observed in the form of trees or shrubs. This species comprises about twenty kinds of plants and the most popular are two, Prunus padus L. and Prunus serotina L., whose properties and content of phytochemical compounds are subject to studies. Wild cherry contains many active compounds, including tocopherols, vitamins, polyphenols and terpenes, which can have beneficial effects on health. On the other hand, wild cherry contains cyanogenic glycosides. Nevertheless, current research results indicate pro-health properties associated with both P. serotina and P. padus. The aim of this study was to collect and present the current state of knowledge about wild cherry and to review available in vitro and in vivo studies concerning its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial and antidiabetic activity. Moreover, the current work presents and characterizes phytochemical content in the leaves, bark and fruits of P. padus and P. serotina and compiles data that indicate their health-promoting and functional properties and possibilities of using them to improve health. We find that the anatomical parts of P. padus and P. serotina can be a valuable raw material used in the food, pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries as a source of bioactive compounds with multi-directional action.
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26
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Amin FM, Abdelaziz RR, Hamed MF, Nader MA, Shehatou GSG. Dimethyl fumarate ameliorates diabetes-associated vascular complications through ROS-TXNIP-NLRP3 inflammasome pathway. Life Sci 2020; 256:117887. [PMID: 32497629 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.117887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Revised: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Vascular complications are a leading cause of morbidity and mortality among diabetic patients. This work aimed to investigate possible influences of dimethyl fumarate (DMF) on streptozotocin (STZ) diabetes-associated vascular complications in rats, exploring its potential to modulate ROS-TXNIP-NLRP3 inflammasome pathway. Two weeks after induction of diabetes (via a single injection of 50 mg/kg STZ, i.p.), diabetic rats were administered either DMF (25 mg/kg/day) or its vehicle for further eight weeks. Age-matched normal and DMF-administered non-diabetic rats served as controls. DMF treatment elicited a mild ameliorative effect on diabetic glycemia. DMF reduced serum TG and AGE levels and enhanced serum HDL-C concentrations in diabetic rats. Moreover, DMF significantly diminished aortic levels of ROS and MDA and restored aortic GSH, SOD and Nrf2 to near-normal levels in STZ rats. Aortic mRNA levels of TXNIP, NLRP3 and NF-κB p65 in diabetic rats were significantly reduced by DMF treatment. Serum and aortic protein levels of TXNIP and aortic contents of IL-1β, iNOS, NLRP3 and TGF-β1 were significantly lower in DMF-diabetic animals than non-treated diabetic rats. Furthermore, protein expression of TNF-α and caspase-3 in diabetic aortas was greatly attenuated by DMF administration. DMF enhanced eNOS mRNA and protein levels and increased bioavailable NO in diabetic aortas. Functionally, DMF attenuated contractile responses of diabetic aortic rings to KCl and phenylephrine and enhanced their relaxant responses to acetylcholine. DMF also mitigated diabetes-induced fibrous tissue proliferation in aortic tunica media. Collectively, these findings demonstrate that DMF offered vasculoprotective influences on diabetic aortas via attenuation of ROS-TXNIP-NLRP3 inflammasome pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatma M Amin
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Rania R Abdelaziz
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Mohamed F Hamed
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Manar A Nader
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - George S G Shehatou
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt; Department of Pharmacology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Delta University for Science and Technology, Gamasa City, Egypt.
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27
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Abstract
PURPOSE To review the recent developments on the effect of chronic high mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) on cerebral blood flow (CBF) autoregulation and supporting the notion that CBF autoregulation impairment has connection with chronic cerebral diseases. Method: A narrative review of all the relevant papers known to the authors was conducted. Results: Our understanding of the connection between cerebral perfusion impairment and chronic high MAP and cerebral disease is rapidly evolving, from cerebral perfusion impairment being the result of cerebral diseases to being the cause of cerebral diseases. We now better understand the intertwined impact of hypertension and Alzheimer's disease (AD) on cerebrovascular sensory elements and recognize cerebrovascular elements that are more vulnerable to these diseases. Conclusion: We conclude with the suggestion that the sensory elements pathology plays important roles in intertwined mechanisms of chronic high MAP and AD that impact cerebral perfusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noushin Yazdani
- College of Public Health, University of South Florida , Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Mark S Kindy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of South Florida , Tampa, FL, USA.,Biomedical Research, James A. Haley VA Medical Center , Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Saeid Taheri
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of South Florida , Tampa, FL, USA.,Byrd Neuroscience Institute, University of South Florida , Tampa, FL, USA
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28
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Domingos-Souza G, Santos-Almeida FM, Meschiari CA, Ferreira NS, Pereira CA, Martinez D, Dias DPM, Silva LEV, Castania JA, Tostes RC, Fazan R. Electrical stimulation of the carotid sinus lowers arterial pressure and improves heart rate variability in L-NAME hypertensive conscious rats. Hypertens Res 2020; 43:1057-1067. [PMID: 32358534 DOI: 10.1038/s41440-020-0448-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2019] [Revised: 03/03/2020] [Accepted: 03/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
We evaluated the effects of long-term (48 h) electrical stimulation of the carotid sinus (CS) in hypertensive rats. L-NAME-treated (10 days) Wistar rats were implanted with a catheter in the femoral artery and a miniaturized electrical stimulator attached to electrodes positioned around the left CS, encompassing the CS nerve. One day after implantation, arterial pressure (AP) was directly recorded in conscious animals for 60 min. Square pulses (1 ms, 3 V, 30 Hz) were applied intermittently (20/20 s ON/OFF) to the CS for 48 h. After the end of stimulation, AP was recorded again. Nonstimulated rats (control group) and rats without electrodes around the CS (sham-operated) were also studied. Next, the animals were decapitated, and segments of mesenteric resistance arteries were removed to study vascular function. After the stimulation period, AP was 16 ± 5 mmHg lower in the stimulated group, whereas sham-operated and control rats showed similar AP between the first and second recording periods. Heart rate variability (HRV) evaluated using time and frequency domain tools and a nonlinear approach (symbolic analysis) suggested that hypertensive rats with electrodes around the CS, stimulated or not, exhibited a shift in cardiac sympathovagal balance towards parasympathetic tone. The relaxation response to acetylcholine in endothelium-intact mesenteric arteries was enhanced in rats that underwent CS stimulation for 48 h. In conclusion, long-term CS stimulation is effective in reducing AP levels, improving HRV and increasing mesenteric vascular relaxation in L-NAME hypertensive rats. Moreover, only the presence of electrodes around the CS is effective in eliciting changes in HRV similar to those observed in stimulated rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gean Domingos-Souza
- Department of Physiology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil. .,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA.
| | | | - César Arruda Meschiari
- Department of Physiology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.,Health and Sports Science Center, Federal University of Acre, Rio Branco, AC, Brazil
| | - Nathanne S Ferreira
- Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Camila A Pereira
- Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Diana Martinez
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA
| | | | - Luiz Eduardo Virgílio Silva
- Department of Physiology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Jaci Airton Castania
- Department of Physiology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Rita C Tostes
- Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Rubens Fazan
- Department of Physiology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
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29
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Zhao Y, Zhu J, Liang H, Yang S, Zhang Y, Han W, Chen C, Cao N, Aruhan, Liang P, Du X, Huang J, Wang J, Zhang Y, Yang B. Kang Le Xin Reduces Blood Pressure Through Inducing Endothelial-Dependent Vasodilation by Activating the AMPK-eNOS Pathway. Front Pharmacol 2020; 10:1548. [PMID: 32038237 PMCID: PMC6990110 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.01548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2019] [Accepted: 11/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypertension is a major risk factor for stroke and cardiovascular events in clinic, which is accompanied by the abnormality of vascular tone and endothelial dysfunction of small artery. Here we report that Kang Le Xin (KLX), a novel anthraquinones compound, could reduce blood pressure and the underlying mechanisms involves that KLX induces endothelium-dependent vasodilation. KLX significantly decreases the arterial blood pressure of spontaneous hypertensive rats (SHR), decreases the contractile reactivity of superior mesenteric artery to phenylephrine and increases the vasodilatory reactivity of superior mesenteric artery to carbachol in a dose-dependent manner. Besides, KLX reduces vascular tension of endothelium-intact mesenteric artery pre-constricted with phenylephrine in a dose-dependent manner, while this effect is inhibited by depriving vascular endothelium or pretreating vascular rings with L-NAME (endothelial nitric oxide synthase inhibitor) or compound C (AMP-activated protein kinase inhibitor). Moreover, KLX increases nitric oxide (NO) generation, endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), AKT and AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) phosphorylation in cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), while these effects are inhibited by pretreating cells with compound C. In conclusion, KLX is a new compound with the pharmacological action of reducing arterial blood pressure. The underlying mechanism involves KLX induces endothelium-dependent vasodilation through activating AMPK-AKT-eNOS signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixiu Zhao
- State-Province Key Labratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Medicine Research, Ministry of Education, Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Jiuxin Zhu
- State-Province Key Labratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Medicine Research, Ministry of Education, Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Hangfei Liang
- State-Province Key Labratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Medicine Research, Ministry of Education, Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Shuang Yang
- State-Province Key Labratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Medicine Research, Ministry of Education, Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yannan Zhang
- State-Province Key Labratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Medicine Research, Ministry of Education, Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Weina Han
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Natural Medicine Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Chao Chen
- State-Province Key Labratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Medicine Research, Ministry of Education, Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Na Cao
- State-Province Key Labratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Medicine Research, Ministry of Education, Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Aruhan
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Natural Medicine Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Peiqiang Liang
- State-Province Key Labratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Medicine Research, Ministry of Education, Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Xing Du
- State-Province Key Labratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Medicine Research, Ministry of Education, Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Jian Huang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Natural Medicine Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Jinhui Wang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Natural Medicine Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- State-Province Key Labratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Medicine Research, Ministry of Education, Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Baofeng Yang
- State-Province Key Labratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Medicine Research, Ministry of Education, Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
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30
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Zaabalawi A, Astley C, Renshall L, Beards F, Lightfoot AP, Degens H, Whitehead D, Alexander Y, Harris LK, Azzawi M. Tetramethoxystilbene-Loaded Liposomes Restore Reactive-Oxygen-Species-Mediated Attenuation of Dilator Responses in Rat Aortic Vessels Ex vivo. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24234360. [PMID: 31795324 PMCID: PMC6930636 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24234360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2019] [Revised: 11/25/2019] [Accepted: 11/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The methylated analogue of the polyphenol resveratrol (RV), 2,3′,4,5′-tetramethoxystilbene (TMS) displays potent antioxidant properties and is an effective cytochrome P450 (CYP) 1B1 inhibitor. The bioavailability of TMS is low. Therefore, the use of liposomes for the encapsulation of TMS is a promising delivery modality for enhanced uptake into tissues. We examined the effect of delivery of TMS in liposomes on the restoration of vasodilator responses of isolated aortic vessels after acute tension elevation ex vivo. Aortic vessels from young male Wistar rats were isolated, and endothelial-dependent (acetylcholine, ACh) and -independent (sodium nitroprusside, SNP) responses assessed. Acute tension elevation (1 h) significantly reduced ACh dilator responses, which were restored following incubation with superoxide dismutase or apocynin (an NADPH oxidase inhibitor). Incubation with TMS-loaded liposomes (mean diameter 157 ± 6 nm; PDI 0.097) significantly improved the attenuated dilator responses following tension elevation, which was sustained over a longer period (4 h) when compared to TMS solution. Endothelial denudation or co-incubation with L-NNA (Nω-nitro-l-arginine; nitric oxide synthase inhibitor) resulted in loss of dilator function. Our findings suggest that TMS-loaded liposomes can restore attenuated endothelial-dependent dilator responses induced by an oxidative environment by reducing NADPH-oxidase-derived ROS and potentiating the release of the vasodilator nitric oxide. TMS-loaded liposomes may be a promising therapeutic strategy to restore vasodilator function in vascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azziza Zaabalawi
- Centre for Bioscience, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Manchester Metropolitan University, Chester Street, Manchester M1 5GD, UK; (A.Z.); (C.A.); (Y.A.)
| | - Cai Astley
- Centre for Bioscience, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Manchester Metropolitan University, Chester Street, Manchester M1 5GD, UK; (A.Z.); (C.A.); (Y.A.)
| | - Lewis Renshall
- Division of Pharmacy and Optometry, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, UK; (L.R.); (F.B.); (L.K.H.)
- Maternal and Fetal Health Research Centre, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9WL, UK
- Maternal and Fetal Health Research Centre, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, St Mary’s Hospital, Manchester M13 9WL, UK
| | - Frances Beards
- Division of Pharmacy and Optometry, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, UK; (L.R.); (F.B.); (L.K.H.)
- Maternal and Fetal Health Research Centre, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9WL, UK
- Maternal and Fetal Health Research Centre, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, St Mary’s Hospital, Manchester M13 9WL, UK
| | - Adam P. Lightfoot
- Centre for Musculoskeletal Science and Sports Medicine, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Manchester Metropolitan University, Chester Street, Manchester M1 5GD, UK; (A.P.L.); (H.D.)
| | - Hans Degens
- Centre for Musculoskeletal Science and Sports Medicine, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Manchester Metropolitan University, Chester Street, Manchester M1 5GD, UK; (A.P.L.); (H.D.)
- Institute of Sport Science and Innovations, Lithuanian Sports University, LT-44221 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Debra Whitehead
- Advances Materials and Surface Engineering Research Centre, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Manchester Metropolitan University, Chester Street, Manchester M1 5GD, UK;
| | - Yvonne Alexander
- Centre for Bioscience, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Manchester Metropolitan University, Chester Street, Manchester M1 5GD, UK; (A.Z.); (C.A.); (Y.A.)
| | - Lynda K Harris
- Division of Pharmacy and Optometry, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, UK; (L.R.); (F.B.); (L.K.H.)
- Maternal and Fetal Health Research Centre, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9WL, UK
- Maternal and Fetal Health Research Centre, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, St Mary’s Hospital, Manchester M13 9WL, UK
| | - May Azzawi
- Centre for Bioscience, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Manchester Metropolitan University, Chester Street, Manchester M1 5GD, UK; (A.Z.); (C.A.); (Y.A.)
- Correspondence:
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31
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Kongpol K, Nernpermpisooth N, Prompunt E, Kumphune S. Endothelial-Cell-Derived Human Secretory Leukocyte Protease Inhibitor (SLPI) Protects Cardiomyocytes against Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury. Biomolecules 2019; 9:biom9110678. [PMID: 31683729 PMCID: PMC6920779 DOI: 10.3390/biom9110678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2019] [Revised: 10/30/2019] [Accepted: 10/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Vascular endothelial cell (EC)-derived factors play an important role in endothelial-cardiomyocyte crosstalk and could save cardiomyocytes (CMs) from injury. The manipulation of endothelial cells to secrete protective factors could enhance cardioprotection. Secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor (SLPI) has been known to protect the heart. The goal of this study was to evaluate the in vitro paracrine protective effect and mechanisms of EC-derived human SLPI on cardiomyocytes subjected to hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) injury. Stable endothelial cells overexpressing human SLPI were generated from an endothelial cell line (EA.hy926). The cytoprotective effect was determined by cell survival assay. The results showed that endothelial-derived recombinant human SLPI (rhSLPI) reduced simulated ischemia/reperfusion (I/R)-(81.75% ± 1.42% vs. 60.27% ± 2.52%, p < 0.05) and hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R)-induced EC injury (83.57% ± 1.78% vs. 63.07% ± 1.93%, p < 0.05). Moreover, co-culture of ECs overexpressing rhSLPI with CMs at ratios 1:1 and 1:3 or treatment with conditioned medium enhanced cell viability by 10.51-16.7% (co-culture) and 15.25-20.45% (conditioned medium) by reducing intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, the Bax/Bcl-2 expression ratio, caspase-3, and caspase-8, and in preconditioned CMs by activation of p38 MAPK and Akt survival kinase. In conclusion, this study showed for the first time that EC-derived rhSLPI provided cardio-vasculoprotective effects against I/R injury as a possible alternative therapeutic strategy for cardioprotection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kantapich Kongpol
- Biomedical Research Unit in Cardiovascular Sciences (BRUCS), Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok 65000, Thailand.
- Graduate Program in Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok 65000, Thailand.
| | - Nitirut Nernpermpisooth
- Biomedical Research Unit in Cardiovascular Sciences (BRUCS), Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok 65000, Thailand.
- Department of Cardio-Thoracic Technology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok 65000, Thailand.
| | - Eakkapote Prompunt
- Biomedical Research Unit in Cardiovascular Sciences (BRUCS), Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok 65000, Thailand.
- Department of Medical Technology, School of Allied Health Sciences, University of Phayao, Phayao 56000, Thailand.
| | - Sarawut Kumphune
- Biomedical Research Unit in Cardiovascular Sciences (BRUCS), Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok 65000, Thailand.
- Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok 65000, Thailand.
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32
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Hernandez DR, Rojas MG, Martinez L, Rodriguez BL, Zigmond ZM, Vazquez-Padron RI, Lassance-Soares RM. c-Kit deficiency impairs nitric oxide signaling in smooth muscle cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2019; 518:227-232. [PMID: 31416613 PMCID: PMC6732002 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.08.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2019] [Revised: 08/06/2019] [Accepted: 08/07/2019] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Receptor tyrosine kinases have been implicated in various vascular remodeling processes and cardiovascular disease. However, their role in the regulation of vascular tone is poorly understood. Herein, we evaluate the contribution of c-Kit signaling to vasoactive responses. METHODS The vascular reactivity of mesenteric arteries was assessed under isobaric conditions in c-Kit deficient (KitW/W-v) and littermate control mice (Kit+/+) using pressure myography. Protein levels of soluble guanylyl cyclase beta 1 (sGCβ1) were quantified by Western blot. Mean arterial pressure was measured after high salt (8% NaCl) diet treatment using the tail-cuff method. RESULTS Smooth muscle cells (SMCs) from c-Kit deficient mice showed a 5-fold downregulation of sGCβ1 compared to controls. Endothelium-dependent relaxation of mesenteric arteries demonstrated a predominance of prostanoid vs. nitric oxide (NO) signaling in both animal groups. The dependence on prostanoid-induced dilation was higher in c-Kit mutant mice than in controls, as indicated by a significant impairment in vasorelaxation with indomethacin with respect to the latter. Endothelium-independent relaxation showed significant dysfunction of NO signaling in c-Kit deficient SMCs compared to controls. Mesenteric artery dilation was rescued by addition of a cGMP analog, but not with a NO donor, indicating a deficiency in cGMP production in c-Kit deficient SMCs. Finally, c-Kit deficient mice developed higher blood pressure on an 8% NaCl diet compared to their control littermates. CONCLUSION c-Kit deficiency inhibits NO signaling in SMCs. The existence of this c-Kit/sGC signaling axis may be relevant for vascular reactivity and remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana R Hernandez
- Department of Surgery, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Miguel G Rojas
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Laisel Martinez
- Department of Surgery, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Boris L Rodriguez
- Department of Surgery, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Zachary M Zigmond
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
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Grosman-Rimon L, Wright E, Freedman D, Kachel E, Hui S, Epstein I, Gutterman D, Eilat-Adar S. Can improvement in hormonal and energy balance reverse cardiovascular risk factors in athletes with amenorrhea? Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2019; 317:H487-H495. [PMID: 31322425 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00242.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Female athletes display a high prevalence of hypothalamic amenorrhea as a result of energy imbalance. In these athletes with amenorrhea, decreased luteinizing hormone/follicule-stimulating hormone secretion leads to deficiency in endogenous estrogen. The severe estrogen deficiency in these athletes may increase cardiovascular risk similar to that in postmenopausal women. This review discusses the potential cardiovascular risk factors in athletes with amenorrhea as a result of hypoestrogenism, which include endothelial dysfunction and unfavorable lipid profiles. We also consider the potential to reverse the cardiovascular risk by restoring energy or hormonal imbalance along the reproductive axis in athletes with amenorrhea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liza Grosman-Rimon
- Cardiovascular Department and Research Center of Baruch Padeh Medical Center, Poriya, Tiberias, Israel.,The Academic College at Wingate, Wingate Institute, Netanya, Israel
| | - Evan Wright
- Technion American Medical School, Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, St. Bat Galim, Haifa, Israel
| | - Danit Freedman
- Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry at the University of Western Ontario, Toronto, Canada
| | - Erez Kachel
- Cardiovascular Department and Research Center of Baruch Padeh Medical Center, Poriya, Tiberias, Israel
| | - Sarah Hui
- Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry at the University of Western Ontario, Toronto, Canada
| | - Iris Epstein
- School of Nursing, Faculty of Health, York University, Toronto, Canada
| | - David Gutterman
- Cardiovascular Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Sigal Eilat-Adar
- The Academic College at Wingate, Wingate Institute, Netanya, Israel
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McCarthy CG, Wenceslau CF, Calmasini FB, Klee NS, Brands MW, Joe B, Webb RC. Reconstitution of autophagy ameliorates vascular function and arterial stiffening in spontaneously hypertensive rats. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2019; 317:H1013-H1027. [PMID: 31469290 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00227.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Insufficient autophagy has been proposed as a mechanism of cellular aging, as this leads to the accumulation of dysfunctional macromolecules and organelles. Premature vascular aging occurs in hypertension. In fact, many factors that contribute to the deterioration of vascular function as we age are accelerated in clinical and experimental hypertension. Previously, we have reported decreased autophagy in arteries from spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs); however, the effects of restoring autophagic activity on blood pressure and vascular function are currently unknown. We hypothesized that reconstitution of arterial autophagy in SHRs would decrease blood pressure and improve endothelium-dependent relaxation. We treated 14- to 18-wk-old Wistar rats (n = 7 vehicle and n = 8 trehalose) and SHRs (n = 7/group) with autophagy activator trehalose (2% in drinking water) for 28 days. Blood pressure was measured by radiotelemetry, and vascular function and structure were measured in isolated mesenteric resistance arteries (MRAs) using wire and pressure myographs, respectively. Treatment with trehalose had no effect on blood pressure in SHRs; however, isolated MRAs presented enhanced relaxation to acetylcholine, in a cyclooxygenase- and reactive oxygen species-dependent manner. Similarly, trehalose treatment shifted the relaxation to the Rho kinase (ROCK) inhibitor Y-27632 to the right, indicating reduced ROCK activity. Finally, trehalose treatment decreased arterial stiffness as indicated by the slope of the stress-strain curve. Overall these data indicate that reconstitution of arterial autophagy in SHRs improves endothelial and vascular smooth muscle function, which could synergize to prevent stiffening. As a result, restoration of autophagic activity could be a novel therapeutic for premature vascular aging in hypertension.NEW & NOTEWORTHY This work supports the concept that diminished arterial autophagy contributes to premature vascular aging in hypertension and that therapeutic reconstitution of autophagic activity can ameliorate this phenotype. As vascular age is a new clinically used index for cardiovascular risk, understanding this mechanism may assist in the development of new drugs to prevent premature vascular aging in hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cameron G McCarthy
- Center for Hypertension and Precision Medicine, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, Ohio.,Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, Ohio
| | - Camilla F Wenceslau
- Center for Hypertension and Precision Medicine, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, Ohio.,Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, Ohio
| | - Fabiano B Calmasini
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Nicole S Klee
- Department of Physiology, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia
| | | | - Bina Joe
- Center for Hypertension and Precision Medicine, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, Ohio.,Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, Ohio
| | - R Clinton Webb
- Department of Physiology, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia
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Abbas E. Comorbid CAD and ventricular hypertrophy compromise the perfusion of myocardial tissue at subcritical stenosis of epicardial coronaries. Egypt Heart J 2019; 71:3. [PMID: 31659531 PMCID: PMC6821408 DOI: 10.1186/s43044-019-0003-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2019] [Accepted: 06/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Most studies of CAD revascularization have been based on and reported according to angiographic criteria which do not consider the relation between the resulting effective flow distal to the stenosis and the demand of a hypertrophied myocardial tissue. RESULTS A mathematical model of the myocardial perfusion in comorbid CAD and ventricular hypertrophy, using Poiseuille's law, indicates that the affected patients are more sensitive to CAD-related hemodynamic changes. They are more prone to develop ischemic complications, mainly non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI), and arrhythmias than their peers with isolated CAD regarding the same degree of coronary stenosis. CONCLUSION Patients with comorbid CAD and ventricular hypertrophy suffer from myocardial hypoperfusion at subcritical epicardial stenosis. Accordingly, the comorbidity of both diseases should be considered upon designing of the treatment regimen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eslam Abbas
- Kobri El Koba Medical Complex, El Khalifa El Maamoun St. Intersection of El Fangary St, Heliopolis, Cairo, 11766, Egypt.
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Silva DF, Wenceslau CF, Mccarthy CG, Szasz T, Ogbi S, Webb RC. TRPM8 channel activation triggers relaxation of pudendal artery with increased sensitivity in the hypertensive rats. Pharmacol Res 2019; 147:104329. [PMID: 31340190 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2019.104329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2019] [Revised: 06/11/2019] [Accepted: 06/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Erectile dysfunction (ED) is frequently encountered in patients with arterial hypertension and there is a recent functional correlation between the expression of thermoreceptor channels TRPM8 (melastatin 8) and alterations in blood pressure in hypertension. The aim of this study was to investigate the function of cold-sensing TRPM8 channel in internal pudendal artery (IPA) in both normotensive and hypertensive rats. METHODS We performed experiments integrating physiological, pharmacological, biochemical and cellular techniques. RESULTS TRPM8 channels are expressed in the IPA and in vascular smooth muscle cells from IPA. In addition, TRPM8 activation, by both a cooling compound icilin (82.1 ± 3.0%, n = 6) and cold temperature [thermal stimulus, basal tone (25 °C, 41.2 ± 3.4%, n = 5) or pre-contracted tone induced by phenylephrine (25 °C, 87.0 ± 3.6%, n = 7)], induced relaxation in IPA. Furthermore, the results showed that the concentration-response curve to icilin was significantly shifted to the right in different conditions, such as: the absence of the vascular endothelium, in the presence of L-NAME (10-4 M), or indomethacin (10-5 M) or by a combination of charybdotoxin (10-7 M) and apamin (5 × 10-6 M), and Y27632 (10-6 M). Interestingly, icilin-induced vasodilation was significantly higher in IPA from spontaneously hypertensive (SHR, E10-4M = 75.3 ± 1.7%) compared to wistar rats (E10-4M = 56.4 ± 2.6%), despite no changes in the TRPM8 expression in IPA between the strains, suggesting that the sensitivity of TRPM8 channels is higher in SHR. CONCLUSIONS These data demonstrate for the first time, the expression and function of TRPM8 channels in the IPA involving, at least in part, endothelium-derived relaxing factors and ROCK inhibition. Overall, this channel could potentially be a new target for the treatment of hypertension associated-ED.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darizy Flavia Silva
- Department of Bioregulation, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, BA, Brazil.
| | - Camilla Ferreira Wenceslau
- Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, OH, USA
| | - Cameron G Mccarthy
- Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, OH, USA
| | - Theodora Szasz
- Department of Physiology, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Safia Ogbi
- Department of Physiology, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - R Clinton Webb
- Department of Physiology, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
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Abstract
INTRODUCTION Migraine is the most common of all neurological disorders. A breakthrough in migraine treatment emerged in the early nineties with the introduction of 5-HT1B/D receptor agonists called triptans. Triptans are used as the standard of care for acute migraine; however, they have significant limitations such as incomplete and inconsistent pain relief, high rates of headache recurrence, class- specific side effects and cardiovascular contraindications. First- and second-generation calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) receptor antagonists, namely gepants, is a class of drugs primarily developed for the acute treatment of migraine. CGRP is the most evaluated target for migraine treatments that are in development. AREAS COVERED This article reviews the available data for first- and second-generation CGRP receptor antagonists, the role of CGRPs in human physiology and migraine pathophysiology and the possible mechanism of action and safety of CGRP-targeted drugs. EXPERT OPINION Available data suggest that second generation of gepants has clinical efficacy similar to triptans and lasmiditan (5-HT1F receptor agonist) and has improved tolerability. Future studies will assess their safety, especially in specific populations such as patients with cardiovascular disease and pregnant women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Negro
- a Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine , Sapienza University , Rome , Italy.,b Regional Referral Headache Centre , Rome , Italy
| | - Paolo Martelletti
- a Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine , Sapienza University , Rome , Italy.,b Regional Referral Headache Centre , Rome , Italy
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Lataro RM, Silva MAB, Mestriner FL, Cau SBA, Tostes RCA, Salgado HC. Chronic Treatment With Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitors Attenuates Vascular Dysfunction in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats. Am J Hypertens 2019; 32:579-587. [PMID: 30875426 DOI: 10.1093/ajh/hpz036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2018] [Revised: 01/18/2019] [Accepted: 03/06/2019] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acetylcholinesterase inhibition prevents autonomic imbalance, reduces inflammation, and attenuates the development of hypertension. Considering that vascular dysfunction is a crucial feature of arterial hypertension, we investigated the effects of chronic administration of acetylcholinesterase inhibitors-pyridostigmine or donepezil-on vascular reactivity of spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). METHODS Endothelium-dependent relaxant responses to acetylcholine (ACh) and contractile responses induced by electric field stimulation (EFS) and alpha-adrenergic agonist were studied in mesenteric resistance arteries from SHR and Wistar Kyoto rats. SHR were treated for 16 weeks with vehicle, pyridostigmine (1.5 mg/kg/day) or donepezil (1.4 mg/kg/day). RESULTS Pyridostigmine and donepezil decreased the vasoconstrictor responses to EFS, which were increased in vehicle-treated SHR. Acetylcholinesterase inhibition increased the modulatory effects of nitric oxide (NO) on SHR vascular reactivity, that is, N(ω)-nitro-(L)-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) increased EFS-induced contractions and reduced ACh-induced relaxation, with more significant effects in pyridostigmine- and donepezil-treated SHR. The acetylcholinesterase inhibitors also decreased vascular reactive oxygen species levels. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates for the first time that long-term administration of acetylcholinesterase inhibitors, pyridostigmine or donepezil, attenuates vascular reactivity dysfunction in SHR by decreasing reactive oxygen species generation and increasing NO bioavailability; possibly via increased endothelial NO synthase activity, and inhibition of NADPH oxidase activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renata M Lataro
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Center of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Marcondes A B Silva
- Department of Physiology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Fabiola L Mestriner
- Department of Physiology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Stefany B A Cau
- Department of Physiology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Rita C A Tostes
- Department of Physiology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Helio C Salgado
- Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
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Graton ME, Potje SR, Troiano JA, Vale GT, Perassa LA, Nakamune ACMS, Tirapelli CR, Bendhack LM, Antoniali C. Apocynin alters redox signaling in conductance and resistance vessels of spontaneously hypertensive rats. Free Radic Biol Med 2019; 134:53-63. [PMID: 30586635 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2018.12.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2018] [Revised: 12/18/2018] [Accepted: 12/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Chronic treatment with apocynin reduces blood pressure and prevents endothelial dysfunction development in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). Mechanisms underlying apocynin effects on SHR remain unclear. Compared to diapocynin and other drugs, apocynin is a weak antioxidant, which suggests that its effects on SHR are associated with other mechanisms besides its antioxidant capacity. Angiotensin (Ang) II regulates NOX, the major reactive oxygen species (ROS) source in the cardiovascular system. We hypothesized that, by inhibiting NOX, apocynin could alter Ang II pressor and vasoconstrictor effects on SHR. We analyzed how Ang II affects blood pressure and vascular reactivity in aorta and mesenteric resistance arteries and evaluated plasma antioxidant capacity, NOX isoforms and subunits, NOS isoforms, AT1 and AT2 receptors expression, ROS production, and NOS activity in apocynin-treated SHR blood vessels (30 mg/Kg/day, p.o.). In SHR, apocynin reduced Ang II pressor effects, increased plasmatic antioxidant capacity, and blunted aortic and mesenteric NOX-dependent oxidants production and NOX2 and p47phox overexpression, which demonstrated that apocynin inhibits NOX in SHR blood vessels. Moreover, apocynin raised plasmatic and aortic nitrate/nitrite levels, maintained NOS activity and eNOS, p-eNOS, nNOS, iNOS, sGC-α, and sGC-β expression in mesenteric bed, diminished AT1 expression in aorta and mesenteric bed, and elevated AT2 expression in SHR aorta. Apocynin increased Ang II vasoconstriction endothelial modulation in SHR resistance arteries. All these results showed that in vivo treatment with apocynin alters several mechanisms that reduce Ang II pressor and vasoconstrictor effects on SHR. Such apocynin effects involve other mechanisms besides vascular ROS modulation, which improves NO availability in SHR vascular cells. These integrated data could help us to understand the promising apocynin activity as an antihypertensive drug that acts differently from the drugs that are currently being used in the clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Murilo E Graton
- Programa de Pós-graduação Multicêntrico em Ciências Fisiológicas, SBFis, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil; São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry, Araçatuba, Department of Basic Sciences, Araçatuba, São Paulo 16015-050, Brazil
| | - Simone R Potje
- University of São Paulo (USP), Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, Department of Physics and Chemistry, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo 14040-903, Brazil
| | - Jéssica A Troiano
- Programa de Pós-graduação Multicêntrico em Ciências Fisiológicas, SBFis, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil; São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry, Araçatuba, Department of Basic Sciences, Araçatuba, São Paulo 16015-050, Brazil
| | - Gabriel T Vale
- University of São Paulo (USP), College of Nursing of Ribeirão Preto, Department of Psychiatry Nursing and Human Sciences, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo 14040-902, Brazil
| | - Ligia A Perassa
- Programa de Pós-graduação Multicêntrico em Ciências Fisiológicas, SBFis, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil; São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry, Araçatuba, Department of Basic Sciences, Araçatuba, São Paulo 16015-050, Brazil
| | - Ana Cláudia M S Nakamune
- Programa de Pós-graduação Multicêntrico em Ciências Fisiológicas, SBFis, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil; São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry, Araçatuba, Department of Basic Sciences, Araçatuba, São Paulo 16015-050, Brazil
| | - Carlos R Tirapelli
- University of São Paulo (USP), College of Nursing of Ribeirão Preto, Department of Psychiatry Nursing and Human Sciences, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo 14040-902, Brazil
| | - Lusiane M Bendhack
- University of São Paulo (USP), Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, Department of Physics and Chemistry, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo 14040-903, Brazil
| | - Cristina Antoniali
- Programa de Pós-graduação Multicêntrico em Ciências Fisiológicas, SBFis, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil; São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry, Araçatuba, Department of Basic Sciences, Araçatuba, São Paulo 16015-050, Brazil.
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Maltseva NV, Smirnova AS, Rublevskaya AC, Bichan NA. [Not Available]. KARDIOLOGIIA 2019; 59:4-10. [PMID: 30706833 DOI: 10.18087/cardio.2556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2019] [Accepted: 01/31/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Te increase in the prevalence of arterial hypertension (AH) in populations, ineffective treatment, the need for risk stratifcation, prevention, early diagnosis and successful treatment, actualize genomic studies to develop a personalized therapeutic approach to AH. Te review investigates the possible genetically determined mechanisms of the development of hypertension and endothelial dysfunction caused by polymorphism of the genes of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) and enzymes of phases I and II of the xenobiotics detoxifcation system. Te probable interaction of both systems under the influence of harmful environmental factors, including tobacco smoking, and in the gestational period is discussed. It is proposed to study AH candidate genes in the xenobiotics detoxifcation system, the carriage of different variants of which can determine the sensitivity or resistance to antihypertensive pharmacotherapy, which can be useful for developing of the personalized tactics of managing patients with AH.
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Affiliation(s)
- N V Maltseva
- Novokuznetsk State Institute for Further Training of Physicians - Branch Campus of the FSBEI FPE RМАСРЕ МОН Russia.
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Boudaka A, Al-Suleimani M, Al-Lawati I, Baomar H, Al-Siyabi S, Zadjali F. Downregulation of endothelial transient receptor potential vanilloid type 4 channel underlines impaired endothelial nitric oxide-mediated relaxation in the mesenteric arteries of hypertensive rats. Physiol Res 2019; 68:219-231. [PMID: 30628831 DOI: 10.33549/physiolres.933952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The endothelium contributes to the maintenance of vasodilator tone by releasing endothelium-derived relaxing factors, including nitric oxide (NO). In hypertension, endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) produces less NO and could be one of the contributing factors to the increased peripheral vascular resistance. Agonist-induced Ca(2+) entry is essential for the activation of eNOS. The transient receptor potential vanilloid type 4 (TRPV4) channel, a Ca(2+)-permeant cation channel, is expressed in the endothelial cells and involved in the regulation of vascular tone. The present study aimed to investigate the role of TRPV4 channel in endothelium-dependent NO-mediated relaxation of the resistance artery in hypertensive rats. Using a wire myograph, relaxation response to the TRPV4 activator, 4alpha-phorbol-12,13-didecanoate (4alphaPDD) was assessed in mesenteric arteries obtained from Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) and spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs). Compared to WKY, SHR demonstrated a significantly attenuated 4alphaPDD-induced endothelium-dependent NO-mediated relaxation. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed positive staining for TRPV4 in the endothelium of mesenteric artery sections in both WKY and SHR. Furthermore, TRPV4 mRNA and protein expressions in SHR were significantly lower than their expression levels in WKY rats. We conclude that 4alphaPDD-induced endothelium-dependent NO-mediated vasorelaxation is reduced in SHR and downregulation of TRPV4 could be one of the contributing mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Boudaka
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Al-Khoud, Sultanate of Oman.
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Parija S, Jandhyam H. Curcumin vasorelaxation in uterine artery of goat (Capra hircus) is mediated by differential activation of nitric oxide, prostaglandin I2, soluble guanylyl cyclase, and gap junction communication. Pharmacogn Mag 2019. [DOI: 10.4103/pm.pm_188_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Wang XJ, Gao X, Zhang AH, Wu FF, Yan GL, Sun H. High-throughput metabolomics for evaluating the efficacy and discovering the metabolic mechanism of Luozhen capsules from the excessive liver-fire syndrome of hypertension. RSC Adv 2019; 9:32141-32153. [PMID: 35530762 PMCID: PMC9072971 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra06622e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2019] [Accepted: 09/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Essential hypertension (EH) is a chronic disease characterized by a variety of causes of elevated systemic arterial pressure, which often causes functional or organic damage to important organs such as the heart, brain, and kidney. Hypertension of excessive liver-fire syndrome is a type of classification for young people with essential hypertension. The disease is slower in its onset and its symptoms are more ambiguous, and thus its pathogenesis is complicated and still unclear. In this study, aconite, dried ginger and cinnamon extracts were combined with l-NAME to establish a model of excessive liver-fire hypertension. Blood pressure (systolic blood pressure), ANGII, NE and 5-HT were used as evaluation indicators to establish the model. Urinary metabolomics based on ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadruple time-of-flight mass spectrometry was used to characterize the metabolic changes and potential biomarkers in modeled rats. Compared to the treatment group, 32 potential biomarkers were initially identified in the model using multivariate statistical analysis involving 11 metabolic pathways. After oral administration of Luozhen capsules, eight biomarkers that can be adjusted in high, medium and low doses of Luozhen capsules in urine were preliminarily determined, mainly involving two metabolic pathways of amino acid metabolism and lipid metabolism. In conclusion, this study explored the metabolomic changes in rats with hypertension of liver-fire hyperactivity syndrome and the post-dose metabolomics, determined the relevant biomarker groups, and clarified the metabonomic connotation of Luozhen capsules in the treatment of liver-fire excessive type hypertension. Essential hypertension (EH) is a chronic disease characterized by a variety of causes of elevated systemic arterial pressure, which often causes functional or organic damage to important organs such as the heart, brain, and kidney.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi-jun Wang
- National Engineering Laboratory for the Development of Southwestern Endangered Medicinal Materials
- Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plant
- Nanning
- China
- National Chinmedomics Research Center
| | - Xin Gao
- National Engineering Laboratory for the Development of Southwestern Endangered Medicinal Materials
- Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plant
- Nanning
- China
- National Chinmedomics Research Center
| | - Ai-hua Zhang
- National Engineering Laboratory for the Development of Southwestern Endangered Medicinal Materials
- Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plant
- Nanning
- China
- National Chinmedomics Research Center
| | - Fang-fang Wu
- National Engineering Laboratory for the Development of Southwestern Endangered Medicinal Materials
- Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plant
- Nanning
- China
- National Chinmedomics Research Center
| | - Guang-li Yan
- National Engineering Laboratory for the Development of Southwestern Endangered Medicinal Materials
- Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plant
- Nanning
- China
- National Chinmedomics Research Center
| | - Hui Sun
- National Engineering Laboratory for the Development of Southwestern Endangered Medicinal Materials
- Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plant
- Nanning
- China
- National Chinmedomics Research Center
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Luna-Vázquez FJ, Ibarra-Alvarado C, Camacho-Corona MDR, Rojas-Molina A, Rojas-Molina JI, García A, Bah M. Vasodilator Activity of Compounds Isolated from Plants Used in Mexican Traditional Medicine. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23061474. [PMID: 29912156 PMCID: PMC6100030 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23061474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2018] [Revised: 06/11/2018] [Accepted: 06/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Arterial hypertension is one of the main risk factors in the development of cardiovascular diseases. Therefore, it is important to look for new drugs to treat hypertension. In this study, we carried out the screening of 19 compounds (triterpenes, diterpenes, sesquiterpenes, lignans, and flavonoids) isolated from 10 plants used in Mexican traditional medicine to determine whether they elicited vascular smooth muscle relaxation and, therefore, could represent novel anti-hypertension drug candidates. The vasorelaxant activity of these compounds was evaluated on the isolated rat aorta assay and the results obtained from this evaluation showed that three compounds induced a significant vasodilatory effect: meso-dihydroguaiaretic acid [half maximal effective concentration (EC50), 49.9 ± 11.2 µM; maximum effect (Emax), 99.8 ± 2.7%]; corosolic acid (EC50, 108.9 ± 6.7 µM; Emax, 96.4 ± 4.2%); and 5,8,4′-trihydroxy-3,7-dimethoxyflavone (EC50, 122.3 ± 7.6 µM; Emax, 99.5 ± 5.4%). Subsequently, involvement of the NO/cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) and H2S/ATP-sensitive potassium channel (KATP) pathways on the vasodilator activity of these compounds was assessed. The results derived from this analysis showed that the activation of both pathways contributes to the vasorelaxant effect of corosolic acid. On the other hand, the vasodilator effect of meso-dihydroguaiaretic acid and 5,8,4′-trihydroxy-3,7-dimethoxyflavone, partly involves stimulation of the NO/cGMP pathway. However, these compounds also showed an important endothelium-independent vasorelaxant effect, whose mechanism of action remains to be clarified. This study indicates that meso-dihydroguaiaretic acid, corosolic acid, and 5,8,4′-trihydroxy-3,7-dimethoxyflavone could be used as lead compounds for the synthesis of new derivatives with a higher potency to be developed as drugs for the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco J Luna-Vázquez
- Laboratorio de Investigación Química y Farmacológica de Productos Naturales, Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, C.P. 76010 Querétaro, Mexico.
| | - César Ibarra-Alvarado
- Laboratorio de Investigación Química y Farmacológica de Productos Naturales, Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, C.P. 76010 Querétaro, Mexico.
| | - María Del Rayo Camacho-Corona
- Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Ciudad Universitaria, San Nicolás de los Garza, CP 66451 Nuevo León, Mexico.
| | - Alejandra Rojas-Molina
- Laboratorio de Investigación Química y Farmacológica de Productos Naturales, Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, C.P. 76010 Querétaro, Mexico.
| | - J Isela Rojas-Molina
- Laboratorio de Investigación Química y Farmacológica de Productos Naturales, Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, C.P. 76010 Querétaro, Mexico.
| | - Abraham García
- Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Ciudad Universitaria, San Nicolás de los Garza, CP 66451 Nuevo León, Mexico.
| | - Moustapha Bah
- Laboratorio de Investigación Química y Farmacológica de Productos Naturales, Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, C.P. 76010 Querétaro, Mexico.
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Dhananjayan K, Gunawardena D, Hearn N, Sonntag T, Moran C, Gyengesi E, Srikanth V, Münch G. Activation of Macrophages and Microglia by Interferon-γ and Lipopolysaccharide Increases Methylglyoxal Production: A New Mechanism in the Development of Vascular Complications and Cognitive Decline in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus? J Alzheimers Dis 2018; 59:467-479. [PMID: 28582854 DOI: 10.3233/jad-161152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Methylglyoxal (MGO), a dicarbonyl compound derived from glucose, is elevated in diabetes mellitus and contributes to vascular complications by crosslinking collagen and increasing arterial stiffness. It is known that MGO contributes to inflammation as it forms advanced glycation end products (AGEs), which activate macrophages via the receptor RAGE. The aim of study was to investigate whether inflammatory activation can increase MGO levels, thereby completing a vicious cycle. In order to validate this, macrophage (RAW264.7, J774A.1) and microglial (N11) cells were stimulated with IFN-γ and LPS (5 + 5 and 10 + 10 IFN-γ U/ml or μg/ml LPS), and extracellular MGO concentration was determined after derivatization with 5,6-Diamino-2,4-dihydroxypyrimidine sulfate by HPLC. MGO levels in activated macrophage cells (RAW264.7) peaked at 48 h, increasing 2.86-fold (3.14±0.4 μM) at 5 U/ml IFN-γ+5 μg/ml LPS, and 4.74-fold (5.46±0.30 μM) at 10 U/ml IFN-γ+10 μg/ml LPS compared to the non-activated controls (1.15±0.02 μM). The other two cell lines, J774A.1 macrophages and N11 microglia, showed a similar response. We suggest that inflammation increases MGO production, possibly exacerbating arterial stiffness, cardiovascular complications, and diabetes-related cognitive decline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karthik Dhananjayan
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW, Australia
| | - Dhanushka Gunawardena
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW, Australia
| | - Nerissa Hearn
- Molecular Medicine Research Group, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW, Australia
| | - Tanja Sonntag
- Molecular Medicine Research Group, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW, Australia
| | - Chris Moran
- Department of Medicine, Peninsula Health & Peninsula Clinical School, Monash University, VIC, Australia
| | - Erika Gyengesi
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW, Australia
| | - Velandai Srikanth
- Department of Medicine, Peninsula Health & Peninsula Clinical School, Monash University, VIC, Australia
| | - Gerald Münch
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW, Australia.,Molecular Medicine Research Group, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW, Australia.,National Institute of Complementary Medicine, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW, Australia
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Although the roles of oxidant stress and redox perturbations in hypertension have been the subject of several reviews, role of thioredoxin (Trx), a major cellular redox protein in age-related hypertension remains inadequately reviewed. The purpose of this review is to bring readers up-to-date with current understanding of the role of thioredoxin in age-related hypertension. RECENT FINDINGS Age-related hypertension is a major underlying cause of several cardiovascular disorders, and therefore, intensive management of blood pressure is indicated in most patients with cardiovascular complications. Recent studies have shown that age-related hypertension was reversed and remained lowered for a prolonged period in mice with higher levels of human Trx (Trx-Tg). Additionally, injection of human recombinant Trx (rhTrx) decreased hypertension in aged wild-type mice that lasted for several days. Both Trx-Tg and aged wild-type mice injected with rhTrx were normotensive, showed increased NO production, decreased arterial stiffness, and increased vascular relaxation. These studies suggest that rhTrx could potentially be a therapeutic molecule to reverse age-related hypertension in humans. The reversal of age-related hypertension by restoring proteins that have undergone age-related modification is conceptually novel in the treatment of hypertension. Trx reverses age-related hypertension via maintaining vascular redox homeostasis, regenerating critical vasoregulatory proteins oxidized due to advancing age, and restoring native function of proteins that have undergone age-related modifications with loss-of function. Recent studies demonstrate that Trx is a promising molecule that may ameliorate or reverse age-related hypertension in older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kumuda C Das
- Department of Translational and Vascular Biology, University of Texas Health Sciences Center at Tyler, 11937 US Hwy 271, Tyler, TX, 75708, USA.
| | - Venkatesh Kundumani-Sridharan
- Department of Translational and Vascular Biology, University of Texas Health Sciences Center at Tyler, 11937 US Hwy 271, Tyler, TX, 75708, USA
| | - Jaganathan Subramani
- Department of Translational and Vascular Biology, University of Texas Health Sciences Center at Tyler, 11937 US Hwy 271, Tyler, TX, 75708, USA
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Zhao Y, Zhu Q, Sun S, Qiu Y, Li J, Liu W, Yuan G, Ma H. Renal transplantation increases angiotensin II receptor-mediated vascular contractility associated with changes of epigenetic mechanisms. Int J Mol Med 2018; 41:2375-2388. [PMID: 29393347 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2018.3435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2016] [Accepted: 12/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypertension is one of the most common complications following renal transplantation, and it increases the risk of graft loss and other cardiovascular diseases. Previous studies have revealed that the use of angiotensin II (Ang II) blockers for preventing and treating hypertension is closely associated with higher survival following renal transplantation. However, the cellular and molecular mechanisms by which the vascular contractility of the recipient is altered in response to Ang II following renal transplantation have not been fully elucidated. In the present study, using the Fisher‑Lewis rat kidney transplantation model, the blood pressure (BP) of the conscious transplant recipient was measured following the intravenous administration of Ang II. In addition, the mechanisms underlying the Ang II-mediated vascular contractility via the type 1 and type 2 Ang II receptors (AT1R and AT2R, respectively) in large and small-resistance blood vessels were determined in the recipient after renal transplantation. The results showed that renal transplantation significantly increased the Ang II-stimulated BP of the rats. Additionally, ex vivo contractility experiments using aorta and mesenteric arteries revealed that the contractions induced by Ang II were significantly strengthened in the recipient following renal transplantation, and were associated with an increased intracellular Ca2+ concentration. Losartan almost eradicated the Ang II-induced contractions whereas PD-123319 had no apparent effects on the Ang II-induced contractions in the aorta and mesenteric arteries of the recipient. Furthermore, the expression levels of AT1R but not AT2R were significantly increased in the vasculature of the recipient following renal transplantation, which exhibited a close association with selective DNA demethylation detected in the promoter region of the vascular AT1aR gene. These results indicate that changes of recipient vascular AT1R gene expression, occurring through a mechanism involving DNA methylation, increase the vascular contractility in response to Ang II. This may lead to the increased risk of hypertension following renal transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yakun Zhao
- Department of Urinary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150086, P.R. China
| | - Qingguo Zhu
- Department of Urinary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150086, P.R. China
| | - Shiping Sun
- Department of Urinary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150086, P.R. China
| | - Yu Qiu
- Department of Urinary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150086, P.R. China
| | - Jingquan Li
- Department of Urinary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150086, P.R. China
| | - Wei Liu
- Department of Urinary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150086, P.R. China
| | - Gangjun Yuan
- Department of Urinary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150086, P.R. China
| | - Hua Ma
- Surgical Department, The People's Hospital of Fuyun County, Aletai, Xinjiang 836100, P.R. China
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Kane AE, Howlett SE. Differences in Cardiovascular Aging in Men and Women. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2018; 1065:389-411. [PMID: 30051398 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-77932-4_25] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases increase dramatically with age in both men and women. While it is clear that advanced age allows more time for individuals to be exposed to risk factors in general, there is strong evidence that age itself is a major independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Indeed, there are distinct age-dependent cellular, structural, and functional changes in both the heart and blood vessels, even in individuals with no clinical evidence of cardiovascular disease. Studies in older humans and in animal models of aging indicate that this age-related remodeling is maladaptive. An emerging view is that the heart and blood vessels accumulate cellular and subcellular deficits with age and these deficits increase susceptibility to disease in older individuals. Aspects of this age-dependent remodeling of the heart and blood vessels differ between the sexes. There is also new evidence that these maladaptive changes are more prominent in older animals and humans with a high degree of frailty. These observations may help explain why men and women are susceptible to different cardiovascular diseases as they age and why frail older adults are most often affected by these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice E Kane
- Department of Pharmacology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Susan E Howlett
- Department of Pharmacology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada.
- Department of Medicine (Geriatric Medicine), Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada.
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Hammoud SH, Omar AG, Eid AA, El-Mas MM. CYP4A/CYP2C modulation of the interaction of calcium channel blockers with cyclosporine on EDHF-mediated renal vasodilations in rats. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2017; 334:110-119. [DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2017.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2017] [Revised: 07/24/2017] [Accepted: 09/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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Kamisah Y, Zuhair JSF, Juliana AH, Jaarin K. Parkia speciosa empty pod prevents hypertension and cardiac damage in rats given N(G)-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 96:291-298. [PMID: 28992471 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.09.095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2017] [Revised: 08/25/2017] [Accepted: 09/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkia speciosa Hassk is a plant found abundantly in Southeast Asia region. Its seeds with or without pods and roots have been used in traditional medicine in this region to treat hypertension. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the potential effect of the plant empty pod extract on hypertension development and changes in heart induced by N(G)-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester (l-NAME) administration in rats. Twenty-four male Sprague Dawley rats were divided into four groups. Groups 1 to 3 were given l-NAME (25mg/kg, intraperitoneally) for 8 weeks. Groups 2 and 3 were also given Parkia speciosa empty pods methanolic extract (800mg/kg, orally) and nicardipine (3mg/kg, orally), concurrently with l-NAME. The last group served as the control. l-NAME reduced plasma nitric oxide level and therefore, increased systolic blood pressure, angiotensin-converting enzyme and NADPH oxidase activities as well as lipid peroxidation in the heart. Parkia speciosa extract and nicardipine treatments had significantly prevented the elevations of blood pressure, angiotensin-converting enzyme, NADPH oxidase activities and lipid peroxidation in the heart induced by the l-NAME. Parkia speciosa extract but not nicardipine prevented the reduction in plasma nitric oxide level caused by l-NAME. In conclusion, Parkia speciosa empty pods methanolic extract has a potential to prevent the development of hypertension possibly by preventing the loss of plasma nitric oxide, as well as has cardioprotective effects by reducing angiotensin-converting enzyme activity and oxidative stress in the heart in rats administered l-NAME.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusof Kamisah
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, UKMMC, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaacob Latif, 56000, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Japar Sidik Fadhlullah Zuhair
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, UKMMC, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaacob Latif, 56000, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Abdul Hamid Juliana
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, UKMMC, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaacob Latif, 56000, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Kamsiah Jaarin
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, UKMMC, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaacob Latif, 56000, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Pertahanan Nasional Malaysia, Kem Sungai Besi, 57000, Sungai Besi, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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