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Jamialahamdi T, Mirhadi E, Almahmeed W, Sukhorukov VN, Eid AH, Salehabadi S, Sahebkar A. The Effect of Bariatric Surgery on PAI-1 Levels: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Obes Surg 2024; 34:3876-3887. [PMID: 39222193 DOI: 10.1007/s11695-024-07473-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2024] [Revised: 08/13/2024] [Accepted: 08/14/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
The purpose of this meta-analysis was to determine the effect of bariatric surgery on circulating PAI-1. The meta-analysis was provided by comprehensive meta-analysis (CMA) V4 software. Meta-analysis of 33 studies showed a significant decrease in circulating PAI-1 after bariatric surgery (p < 0.001). A significant reduction was observed for two types of surgery) (p < 0.001 for LSG and p < 0.001 for RYGB). Furthermore, there was a significant change in circulating PAI-1 based on the follow-up duration (p < 0.001 for follow-up < 12 months and p < 0.001 for follow-up ≥ 12). We showed that bariatric surgery changed PAI-1 level significantly and changes in BMI after surgery were not related to PAI-1 alteration. Furthermore, this result was consistent based on follow-up duration and type of surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tannaz Jamialahamdi
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Medical Toxicology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Elaheh Mirhadi
- School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Wael Almahmeed
- Heart and Vascular Institute, Cleveland Clinic Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Vasily N Sukhorukov
- Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, 8 Baltiiskaya Street, Moscow, 125315, Russia
| | - Ali H Eid
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Sepideh Salehabadi
- Medical Toxicology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Center for Global Health Research, Saveetha Medical College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, India.
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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2
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Bârsan IC, Iluţ S, Tohănean N, Pop RM, Vesa ŞC, Perju-Dumbravă L. Development and Validation of a Predictive Score for Three-Year Mortality in Acute Ischemic Stroke Patients. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2024; 60:1413. [PMID: 39336454 PMCID: PMC11434564 DOI: 10.3390/medicina60091413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2024] [Revised: 08/26/2024] [Accepted: 08/28/2024] [Indexed: 09/30/2024]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Acute ischemic stroke (AIS) is a leading cause of death and disability with poor long-term outcomes. Creating a predictive score for long-term mortality in AIS might be important for optimizing treatment strategies. The aim of this study is to develop and validate a predictive score for three-year mortality in patients with AIS using several demographic, clinical, laboratory and imaging parameters. Materials and Methods: This study included 244 AIS patients admitted to a tertiary center and followed up for three years. The patients' data included demographics, clinical features, laboratory tests (including resistin and leptin levels) and imaging parameters. The patients were randomly divided into a predictive group (n = 164) and a validation group (n = 80). Results: Advanced age, a high NIHSS score, low levels of hemoglobin, elevated resistin levels and the presence of carotid plaques were independently associated with three-year mortality. The predictive model incorporated these variables, and it was validated in a separate cohort. Leptin levels did not significantly predict mortality. Conclusions: This study developed and validated a promising predictive score for three-year mortality in patients with AIS. Advanced age, high NIHSS scores, low hemoglobin levels, elevated resistin levels and the presence of carotid plaques were the independent predictors of long-term mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioana Cristina Bârsan
- Faculty of Medicine, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Silvina Iluţ
- Department of Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Nicoleta Tohănean
- Department of Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Raluca Maria Pop
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacology, Iuliu Haţieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400337 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Ştefan Cristian Vesa
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacology, Iuliu Haţieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400337 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Lăcrămioara Perju-Dumbravă
- Department of Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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Rodrigues Moro C, Abreu EDL, Kanaan SHH, Márquez A, Uranga-Ocio JA, Rossoni LV, Vassallo DV, Miguel-Castro M, Wiggers GA. Egg white hydrolysate protects white adipose tissue against metabolic insult in deoxycorticosterone acetate-salt rats. Br J Nutr 2024; 131:1827-1840. [PMID: 38410884 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114524000552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of an egg white hydrolysate (EWH) to protect white adipose tissue damage from cardiometabolic changes induced by severe hypertension. Male Wistar rats were uninephrectomised and divided: SHAM (weekly subcutaneous vehicle (mineral oil + propylene glycol, 1:1)), SHAM + EWH (subcutaneous vehicle plus EWH via gavage, 1 g/kg per day), DOCA (deoxycorticosterone acetate diluted in vehicle subcutaneously weekly in subsequent doses of 20 mg/kg -1st week, 12 mg/kg - 2–3th week, and 6 mg/kg -4–8th week, respectively, plus 1 % NaCl and 0·2 % KCl in drinking water), and DOCA + EWH. Body weight gain, food and water intake, glucose and lipid metabolism were evaluated. Oxidative stress was assessed by biochemical assay and immunofluorescence for NOX-1, nuclear factor kappa B (NFκB), and caspase-3 in retroperitoneal white adipose tissue (rtWAT). Proinflammatory cytokines (IL-6 and 1β), CD163+ macrophage infiltration, and immunohistochemistry for TNFα and uncoupling protein-1 were evaluated, as well as histological analysis on rtWAT. Glutathione peroxidase and reductase were also determined in plasma. EWH showed hypocholesterolemic, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic properties in the arterial hypertension DOCA-salt model. The results demonstrated the presence of functional changes in adipose tissue function by a decrease in macrophage infiltration and in the fluorescence intensity of NFκB, NOX-1, and caspase-3. A reduction of proinflammatory cytokines and restoration of antioxidant enzymatic activity and mitochondrial oxidative damage by reducing uncoupling protein-1 fluorescence intensity were also observed. EWH could be used as a potential alternative therapeutic strategy in the treatment of cardiometabolic complications associated with malignant secondary arterial hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camila Rodrigues Moro
- Cardiovascular Physiology Laboratory, Universidade Federal do Pampa, BR 472, Km 592, Uruguaiana, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Edina da Luz Abreu
- Cardiovascular Physiology Laboratory, Universidade Federal do Pampa, BR 472, Km 592, Uruguaiana, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Samia Hassan Husein Kanaan
- Cardiovascular Physiology Laboratory, Universidade Federal do Pampa, BR 472, Km 592, Uruguaiana, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Antonio Márquez
- Department of Ciencias Básicas de la Salud, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos (URJC), Avda. de Atenas s/n, 28032 Alcorcón, Spain and High Performance Research Group in Physiopathology and Pharmacology of the Digestive System (NeuGut), URJC, Alcorcón, Spain
| | - Jose Antonio Uranga-Ocio
- Department of Ciencias Básicas de la Salud, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos (URJC), Avda. de Atenas s/n, 28032 Alcorcón, Spain and High Performance Research Group in Physiopathology and Pharmacology of the Digestive System (NeuGut), URJC, Alcorcón, Spain
| | - Luciana Venturini Rossoni
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biomedical Science, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, nº 2415, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Dalton Valentim Vassallo
- Cardiac Electromechanical and Vascular Reactivity Laboratory, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Av. Marechal Campos, 1468, Vitória, Espírito Santo, Brazil
| | - Marta Miguel-Castro
- Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias de la Alimentación (CIAL, CSIC-UAM.), C/Nicolás Cabrera, 9, Campus Universitario de Cantoblanco, Madrid, Spain
| | - Giulia Alessandra Wiggers
- Cardiovascular Physiology Laboratory, Universidade Federal do Pampa, BR 472, Km 592, Uruguaiana, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
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Luengo-Pérez LM, Fernández-Bueso M, Guzmán-Carmona C, López-Navia A, García-Lobato C. Morphofunctional Assessment beyond Malnutrition: Fat Mass Assessment in Adult Patients with Phenylketonuria-Systematic Review. Nutrients 2024; 16:1833. [PMID: 38931188 PMCID: PMC11206948 DOI: 10.3390/nu16121833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2024] [Revised: 06/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Morphofunctional assessment was developed to evaluate disease-related malnutrition. However, it can also be used to assess cardiometabolic risk, as excess adiposity increases this risk. Phenylketonuria (PKU) is the most prevalent inherited metabolic disease among adults, and obesity in PKU has recently gained interest, although fat mass correlates better with cardiometabolic risk than body mass index. In this systematic review, the objective was to assess whether adult patients with PKU have higher fat mass than healthy controls. Studies of adult PKU patients undergoing dietary treatment in a metabolic clinic reporting fat mass were included. The PubMed and EMBASE databases were searched. Relevance of articles, data collection, and risk of bias were evaluated by two independent reviewers. Ten articles were evaluated, six with a control group, including 310 subjects with PKU, 62 with mild hyperphenylalaninemia, and 157 controls. One study reported a significant and four a tendency towards an increased fat mass in all patients or only females with PKU. Limitations included not having a healthy control group, not reporting sex-specific results and using different techniques to assess fat mass. Evaluation of fat mass should be included in the morphofunctional assessment of cardiometabolic risk in adult patients with PKU.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis M. Luengo-Pérez
- Medical Sciences Department, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Extremadura, 06006 Badajoz, Spain
- Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics Unit, Endocrinology and Nutrition Section, Badajoz University Hospital, 06008 Badajoz, Spain; (M.F.-B.); (C.G.-L.)
| | - Mercedes Fernández-Bueso
- Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics Unit, Endocrinology and Nutrition Section, Badajoz University Hospital, 06008 Badajoz, Spain; (M.F.-B.); (C.G.-L.)
| | - Carlos Guzmán-Carmona
- Endocrinology and Nutrition, Don Benito-Villanueva de la Serena Hospital Complex, 06400 Don Benito, Spain; (C.G.-C.); (A.L.-N.)
| | - Ana López-Navia
- Endocrinology and Nutrition, Don Benito-Villanueva de la Serena Hospital Complex, 06400 Don Benito, Spain; (C.G.-C.); (A.L.-N.)
| | - Claudia García-Lobato
- Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics Unit, Endocrinology and Nutrition Section, Badajoz University Hospital, 06008 Badajoz, Spain; (M.F.-B.); (C.G.-L.)
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Potestio L, Tommasino N, Lauletta G, Martora F, Megna M. Psoriasis and Molecular Target Therapies: Evidence of Efficacy in Preventing Cardiovascular Comorbidities. Dermatol Ther (Heidelb) 2024; 14:841-852. [PMID: 38592640 PMCID: PMC11052943 DOI: 10.1007/s13555-024-01152-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Psoriasis is now considered a systemic disease, and several comorbidities have been described such as cardiovascular diseases, neurologic and psychiatric disorders, chronic inflammatory bowel disease, psoriatic arthritis, etc. Regarding cardiovascular comorbidities, major adverse cardiovascular events have been reported in psoriasis patients by multiple epidemiologic studies. Moreover, smoking, obesity, metabolic syndrome, hypertension, dyslipidemia, diabetes and reduced physical activity are associated with psoriasis, increasing cardiovascular risk. Consequently, several aspects should be considered when making the treatment decision. The aim of this review manuscript was to investigate the effectiveness and safety of biologic drugs acting on molecular mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of psoriasis in preventing cardiovascular complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Potestio
- Section of Dermatology, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Via Pansini 5, 80131, Naples, Italy.
| | - Nello Tommasino
- Section of Dermatology, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Via Pansini 5, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Lauletta
- Section of Dermatology, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Via Pansini 5, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Martora
- Section of Dermatology, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Via Pansini 5, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Matteo Megna
- Section of Dermatology, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Via Pansini 5, 80131, Naples, Italy
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Gruneisen E, Kremer R, Duque G. Fat as a Friend or Foe of the Bone. Curr Osteoporos Rep 2024; 22:245-256. [PMID: 38416274 DOI: 10.1007/s11914-024-00864-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The objective of this review is to summarize the literature on the prevalence and diagnosis of obesity and its metabolic profile, including bone metabolism, focusing on the main inflammatory and turnover bone mediators that better characterize metabolically healthy obesity phenotype, and to summarize the therapeutic interventions for obesity with their effects on bone health. RECENT FINDINGS Osteoporosis and fracture risk not only increase with age and menopause but also with metabolic diseases, such as diabetes mellitus. Thus, patients with high BMI may have a higher bone fragility and fracture risk. However, some obese individuals with healthy metabolic profiles seem to be less at risk of bone fracture. Obesity has become an alarming disease with growing prevalence and multiple metabolic comorbidities, resulting in a significant burden on healthcare and increased mortality. The imbalance between increased food ingestion and decreased energy expenditure leads to pathological adipose tissue distribution and function, with increased secretion of proinflammatory markers and harmful consequences for body tissues, including bone tissue. However, some obese individuals seem to have a healthy metabolic profile and may not develop cardiometabolic disease during their lives. This healthy metabolic profile also benefits bone turnover and is associated with lower fracture risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elodie Gruneisen
- Division of Endocrinology & Metabolism, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Richard Kremer
- Division of Endocrinology & Metabolism, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Bone, Muscle & Geroscience Group, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Gustavo Duque
- Bone, Muscle & Geroscience Group, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada.
- Dr. Joseph Kaufmann Chair in Geriatric Medicine, Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
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7
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Lal H, Verma SK, Wang Y, Xie M, Young ME. Circadian Rhythms in Cardiovascular Metabolism. Circ Res 2024; 134:635-658. [PMID: 38484029 PMCID: PMC10947116 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.123.323520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Energetic demand and nutrient supply fluctuate as a function of time-of-day, in alignment with sleep-wake and fasting-feeding cycles. These daily rhythms are mirrored by 24-hour oscillations in numerous cardiovascular functional parameters, including blood pressure, heart rate, and myocardial contractility. It is, therefore, not surprising that metabolic processes also fluctuate over the course of the day, to ensure temporal needs for ATP, building blocks, and metabolism-based signaling molecules are met. What has become increasingly clear is that in addition to classic signal-response coupling (termed reactionary mechanisms), cardiovascular-relevant cells use autonomous circadian clocks to temporally orchestrate metabolic pathways in preparation for predicted stimuli/stresses (termed anticipatory mechanisms). Here, we review current knowledge regarding circadian regulation of metabolism, how metabolic rhythms are synchronized with cardiovascular function, and whether circadian misalignment/disruption of metabolic processes contribute toward the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hind Lal
- Division of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Suresh Kumar Verma
- Division of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Yajing Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Min Xie
- Division of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Martin E. Young
- Division of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
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Gilani A, Stoll L, Homan EA, Lo JC. Adipose Signals Regulating Distal Organ Health and Disease. Diabetes 2024; 73:169-177. [PMID: 38241508 PMCID: PMC10796297 DOI: 10.2337/dbi23-0005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2024]
Abstract
Excessive adiposity in obesity is a significant risk factor for development of type 2 diabetes (T2D), nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, and other cardiometabolic diseases. An unhealthy expansion of adipose tissue (AT) results in reduced adipogenesis, increased adipocyte hypertrophy, adipocyte hypoxia, chronic low-grade inflammation, increased macrophage infiltration, and insulin resistance. This ultimately culminates in AT dysfunction characterized by decreased secretion of antidiabetic adipokines such as adiponectin and adipsin and increased secretion of proinflammatory prodiabetic adipokines including RBP4 and resistin. This imbalance in adipokine secretion alters the physiological state of AT communication with target organs including pancreatic β-cells, heart, and liver. In the pancreatic β-cells, adipokines are known to have a direct effect on insulin secretion, gene expression, cell death, and/or dedifferentiation. For instance, impaired secretion of adipsin, which promotes insulin secretion and β-cell identity, results in β-cell failure and T2D, thus presenting a potential druggable target to improve and/or preserve β-cell function. The cardiac tissue is affected by both the classic white AT-secreted adipokines and the newly recognized brown AT (BAT)-secreted BATokines or lipokines that alter lipid deposition and ventricular function. In the liver, adipokines affect hepatic gluconeogenesis, lipid accumulation, and insulin sensitivity, underscoring the importance of adipose-liver communication in the pathogenesis of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. In this perspective, we outline what is currently known about the effects of individual adipokines on pancreatic β-cells, liver, and the heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankit Gilani
- Weill Center for Metabolic Health, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Lisa Stoll
- Weill Center for Metabolic Health, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Edwin A. Homan
- Weill Center for Metabolic Health, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY
| | - James C. Lo
- Weill Center for Metabolic Health, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY
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Sun Y, Wang M, Tan X, Zhang H, Yang S. Identification of Oxidative Stress-Related Biomarkers in Acute Myocardial Infarction. Int J Gen Med 2023; 16:4805-4818. [PMID: 37908757 PMCID: PMC10614660 DOI: 10.2147/ijgm.s428709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Acute Myocardial Infarction (AMI) is globally prevalent, with oxidative stress as a key contributor to its pathogenesis. This study aimed to explore oxidative stress-related genes as potential AMI biomarkers, elucidating their role in disease progression. Patients and Methods Gene expression data from AMI samples in the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database and oxidative stress-related genes (OSRGs) from the GeneCards database were extracted. Weighted Gene Co-expression Network Analysis (WGCNA) identified key module genes associated with AMI. Intersecting OSRGs, key module genes, and differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between AMI and normal samples led to the extraction of differentially expressed ORSGs (DE-ORSGs) related to AMI. Feature genes were mined using the Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) regression and Support Vector Machine (SVM) algorithm, followed by potential diagnostic value assessment using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) was executed on the identified key genes. Immune infiltration levels were explored using the CIBERSORT algorithm, and a Transcription Factor (TF) -mRNA regulatory network of key genes was created. The key genes were validated using qRT-PCR. Results We authenticated three key genes (MMP9, TGFBR3, and S100A12) from 6 DE-ORSGs identified in AMI. GSEA revealed that these key genes were enriched in immune-related signaling pathways. Immune infiltration analysis identified three differential immune cell types (resting NK cells, Monocytes, and M0 Macrophages) between AMI and normal groups. Correlation analysis revealed positive associations of MMP9 with M0 Macrophages and S100A12 with Monocytes and M0 Macrophages, whereas TGFBR3 was negatively related to Monocytes. A TF-mRNA regulatory network was generated based on these key genes. qRT-PCR validation confirmed the differential expression of S100A12 and TGFBR3 between AMI and control samples. Conclusion TGFBR3, and S100A12 were identified as potential oxidative stress-related biomarkers in AMI, providing new insights for AMI diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yihan Sun
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia, Chinese Ministry of Education, Harbin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Min Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia, Chinese Ministry of Education, Harbin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xi Tan
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia, Chinese Ministry of Education, Harbin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Huidi Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shuang Yang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia, Chinese Ministry of Education, Harbin, People’s Republic of China
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Cintron SA, Pierce J, Sardiu ME, Mahoney D, Peltzer J, Gupta B, Shen Q. Differences in Leukocyte Transcriptomes of Morbidly Obese Patients With High Output Heart Failure: A Pilot Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEART FAILURE 2023; 5:201-212. [PMID: 37937202 PMCID: PMC10625880 DOI: 10.36628/ijhf.2023.0027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023]
Abstract
Background and Objectives Heart failure is characterized by alterations of gene expression that provide insight into the underlying pathophysiologic mechanisms. However, obesity-related high output heart failure (HOHF) is a specific phenotype of heart failure that has not been studied using gene expression. Our aim in this study was to examine the variances in leukocyte transcriptomes of morbidly obese patients with HOHF. Methods In this cross-sectional study, we applied stranded total RNA-sequencing to six patients with morbid obesity and HOHF and 6 patients with morbid obesity and non-HOHF. Differential gene expression was calculated, and Ingenuity Pathway Analysis software was used to interpret the canonical pathways, functional changes, upstream regulators, and networks in these patients. Results We found in patients with HOHF that there were 116 differentially expressed genes with upregulation of 114 genes and downregulation of 2 genes. The differentially expressed genes were involved with cell proliferation, mitochondrial function, erythropoiesis, erythrocyte stability, and apoptosis. The top upregulated canonical pathways associated with differentially expressed genes were autophagy, adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase signaling, and senescence pathways. We identified GATA binding protein 1 as an upstream regulator and nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells associated network. Conclusions We are the first to report the differential gene expression in patients with obesity-related HOHF and reveal the various pathophysiologic mechanisms underlying the disease. Further research is needed to determine the role of cellular function and maintenance, inflammation, and iron homeostasis in obesity-related HOHF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha A. Cintron
- School of Nursing, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Janet Pierce
- School of Nursing, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Mihaela E. Sardiu
- Department of Biostatistics & Data Science, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Diane Mahoney
- School of Nursing, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Jill Peltzer
- School of Nursing, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Bhanu Gupta
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Qiuhua Shen
- School of Nursing, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
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11
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Lis-Kuberka J, Pupek M, Orczyk-Pawiłowicz M. The Mother-Child Dyad Adipokine Pattern: A Review of Current Knowledge. Nutrients 2023; 15:4059. [PMID: 37764842 PMCID: PMC10535905 DOI: 10.3390/nu15184059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
An important role in the network of interconnections between the mother and child is played by adipokines, which are adipose tissue hormones engaged in the regulation of metabolism. Alternations of maternal adipokines translate to the worsening of maternal insulin resistance as well as metabolic stress, altered placenta functions, and fetal development, which finally contribute to long-term metabolic unfavorable conditions. This paper is the first to summarize the current state of knowledge concerning the concentrations of individual adipokines in different biological fluids of maternal and cord plasma, newborn/infant plasma, milk, and the placenta, where it highlights the impact of adverse perinatal risk factors, including gestational diabetes mellitus, preeclampsia, intrauterine growth restriction, preterm delivery, and maternal obesity on the adipokine patterns in maternal-infant dyads. The importance of adipokine measurement and relationships in biological fluids during pregnancy and lactation is crucial for public health in the area of prevention of most diet-related metabolic diseases. The review highlights the huge knowledge gap in the field of hormones participating in the energy homeostasis and metabolic pathways during perinatal and postnatal periods in the mother-child dyad. An in-depth characterization is needed to confirm if the adverse outcomes of early developmental programming might be modulated via maternal lifestyle intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jolanta Lis-Kuberka
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunochemistry, Division of Chemistry and Immunochemistry, Wroclaw Medical University, M. Skłodowskiej-Curie 48/50, 50-369 Wroclaw, Poland
| | | | - Magdalena Orczyk-Pawiłowicz
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunochemistry, Division of Chemistry and Immunochemistry, Wroclaw Medical University, M. Skłodowskiej-Curie 48/50, 50-369 Wroclaw, Poland
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12
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Omiya K, Nakadate Y, Sato H, Oguchi T, Matsuoka T, Kawakami A, Schricker T, Matsukawa T. Role of the protein kinase A signaling pathway and identification of mediators in the cardioprotective effects of enteral lactoferrin for ischemia-reperfusion injury in an isolated rat heart model. Nutrition 2023; 113:112088. [PMID: 37354654 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2023.112088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/26/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Lactoferrin is an iron-binding glycoprotein. Enteral lactoferrin attenuates myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury, but the underlying mechanism remains unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate protein kinase A (PKA) signaling pathway activation and levels of serum glucagonlike peptide-1 (GLP-1), secreted by intestinal endocrine L cells, and adiponectin, secreted by adipose tissue, after enteral lactoferrin administration. METHODS Hearts (N = 32) were excised from Wistar rats and perfused using a Langendorff system. To assess the role of the PKA pathway in the cardioprotective effects of lactoferrin, an inhibitor of PKA (H89) was applied before no-flow ischemia. Rats were randomly divided into four groups: control, lactoferrin (LF), control+H89, and LF+H89. The control and control+H89 groups were administered normal saline by gavage, and the LF and L +H89 groups were administered bovine lactoferrin (1000 mg/kg) by gavage 15 min before intraperitoneal pentobarbital injection. Muscle sampling was performed at the end of reperfusion. When rats were sacrificed, blood was sampled to measure hormone levels. The primary outcome was maximum left ventricular pressure derivative (LV dP/dt max) 15 min after reperfusion. RESULTS LV dP/dt max at 10 and 15 min after reperfusion was significantly higher in the LF group than in the control group (P < 0.05), and the effect was diminished by H89. The PKA pathway was significantly activated in the LF group. Enteral lactoferrin increased serum GLP-1 but not serum adiponectin levels. CONCLUSIONS Enteral lactoferrin induces cardioprotective effects against myocardial IR injury via the PKA signaling pathway and increases serum GLP-1 levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keisuke Omiya
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Yamanashi, Chuo, Yamanashi, Japan.
| | - Yosuke Nakadate
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Yamanashi, Chuo, Yamanashi, Japan; Department of Anesthesiology, University of Tsukuba Hospital, Tsukuba-City, Ibaraki Japan
| | - Hiroaki Sato
- Department of Anesthesia, McGill University Health Centre Glen Site, Royal Victoria Hospital, Decarie, Montreal QC Canada
| | - Takeshi Oguchi
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Yamanashi, Chuo, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Toru Matsuoka
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Yamanashi, Chuo, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Akiko Kawakami
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Yamanashi, Chuo, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Thomas Schricker
- Department of Anesthesia, McGill University Health Centre Glen Site, Royal Victoria Hospital, Decarie, Montreal QC Canada
| | - Takashi Matsukawa
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Yamanashi, Chuo, Yamanashi, Japan
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13
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Szabó R, Börzsei D, Hoffmann A, Kiss V, Nagy A, Török S, Veszelka M, Almási N, Varga C. The Interplay of Lifestyle and Adipokines in the Non-Obese Stroke-Prone Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1450. [PMID: 37507988 PMCID: PMC10376584 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12071450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Although the morphological features and functions of adipose tissue are well-described in obesity-prone animal models, less information is available on animals such as the stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive (SHRSP) strain with cardiovascular abnormalities, which is not characterized by excessive adiposity. Our aim was to focus on lifestyle-induced (type of diet and physical exercise) effects on adipokine profile and lipid peroxidation in SHRSP rats. In our study, male Wistar-kyoto (control) and SHRSP rats were used. SHRSP rats were fed either standard chow or a high-fat diet with 40% fat content (HFD). One group of the animals was placed into cages fitted with a running-wheel; thus, the dietary and training period started at the same time and lasted for 12 weeks. At the end of the experimental period, adiponectin, leptin, omentin, and chemerin concentrations were determined from adipose tissue and serum. Besides adipokines, malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were also measured. Twelve weeks of HFD significantly decreased adiponectin and omentin concentrations of both adipose tissue and serum, which were ameliorated by physical exercise. Serum leptin, chemerin, and MDA values were elevated in HFD groups; however, physical exercise was able to mitigate these adverse changes. Our results underpin the crosstalk between lifestyle changes and dysfunctional adipose tissue in SHRSP rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renáta Szabó
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Neuroscience, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Denise Börzsei
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Neuroscience, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Alexandra Hoffmann
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Neuroscience, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Viktória Kiss
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Neuroscience, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary
| | - András Nagy
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Neuroscience, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Szilvia Török
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Neuroscience, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Médea Veszelka
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Neuroscience, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Nikoletta Almási
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Neuroscience, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Csaba Varga
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Neuroscience, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary
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14
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Yang H, Song S, Li J, Li Y, Feng J, Sun Q, Qiu X, Chen Z, Bai X, Liu X, Lian H, Liu L, Bai Y, Zhang G, Nie Y. Omentin-1 drives cardiomyocyte cell cycle arrest and metabolic maturation by interacting with BMP7. Cell Mol Life Sci 2023; 80:186. [PMID: 37344704 PMCID: PMC11071824 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-023-04829-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2022] [Revised: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023]
Abstract
Mammalian cardiomyocytes (CMs) undergo maturation during postnatal heart development to meet the increased demands of growth. Here, we found that omentin-1, an adipokine, facilitates CM cell cycle arrest and metabolic maturation. Deletion of omentin-1 causes mouse heart enlargement and dysfunction in adulthood and CM maturation retardation in juveniles, including delayed cell cycle arrest and reduced fatty acid oxidation. Through RNA sequencing, molecular docking analysis, and proximity ligation assays, we found that omentin-1 regulates CM maturation by interacting directly with bone morphogenetic protein 7 (BMP7). Omentin-1 prevents BMP7 from binding to activin type II receptor B (ActRIIB), subsequently decreasing the downstream pathways mothers against DPP homolog 1 (SMAD1)/Yes-associated protein (YAP) and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38 MAPK). In addition, omentin-1 is required and sufficient for the maturation of human embryonic stem cell-derived CMs. Together, our findings reveal that omentin-1 is a pro-maturation factor for CMs that is essential for postnatal heart development and cardiac function maintenance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huijun Yang
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, National Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 167 Street, Beilishi Road, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100037, People's Republic of China
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518033, China
| | - Shen Song
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, National Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 167 Street, Beilishi Road, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100037, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiacheng Li
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Yandong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, National Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 167 Street, Beilishi Road, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100037, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, National Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 167 Street, Beilishi Road, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100037, People's Republic of China
| | - Quan Sun
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Street, Xiangya Road, Kaifu District, Changsha, 410008, People's Republic of China
| | - Xueting Qiu
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Street, Xiangya Road, Kaifu District, Changsha, 410008, People's Republic of China
| | - Ziwei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, National Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 167 Street, Beilishi Road, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100037, People's Republic of China
| | - Xue Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, National Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 167 Street, Beilishi Road, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100037, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinchang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, National Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 167 Street, Beilishi Road, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100037, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong Lian
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, National Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 167 Street, Beilishi Road, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100037, People's Republic of China
| | - Lihui Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, National Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 167 Street, Beilishi Road, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100037, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongping Bai
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China.
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Street, Xiangya Road, Kaifu District, Changsha, 410008, People's Republic of China.
| | - Guogang Zhang
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China.
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Street, Xiangya Road, Kaifu District, Changsha, 410008, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yu Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, National Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 167 Street, Beilishi Road, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100037, People's Republic of China.
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shenzhen, 518057, China.
- National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Regenerative Medicine, Fuwai Central-China Hospital, Central China Branch of National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhengzhou, 450046, China.
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15
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Peng J, Chen Q, Wu C. The role of adiponectin in cardiovascular disease. Cardiovasc Pathol 2023; 64:107514. [PMID: 36634790 DOI: 10.1016/j.carpath.2022.107514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2022] [Revised: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a common disease that seriously threatens the health of human beings, especially middle-aged and elderly people over 50 years old. It has the characteristics of high prevalence, high disability rate and high mortality rate. Previous studies have shown that adiponectin has therapeutic effects on a variety of CVDs. As a key adipokine, adiponectin, is an abundant peptide-regulated hormone that is mainly released by adipocytes and cardiomyocytes, as well as endothelial and skeletal cells. Adiponectin can protect against CVD by improving lipid metabolism, protecting vascular endothelial cells and inhibiting foam cell formation and vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation. Further investigation of the molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying the adiponectin system may provide new ideas for the treatment of CVD. Herein, this review aims to describe the structure and function of adiponectin and adiponectin receptors, introduce the function of adiponectin in the protection of cardiovascular disease and analyze the potential use and clinical significance of this hormone in the protection and treatment of cardiovascular disease, which shows that adiponectin can be expected to become a new therapeutic target and biomarker for the diagnosis and treatment of CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Peng
- Clinical Medical Research Center, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qian Chen
- Clinical Medical Research Center, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Chuncao Wu
- Insititution of Chinese Materia Medica Preparation, Chongqing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing, China.
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16
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Tanriover C, Copur S, Gaipov A, Ozlusen B, Akcan RE, Kuwabara M, Hornum M, Van Raalte DH, Kanbay M. Metabolically healthy obesity: Misleading phrase or healthy phenotype? Eur J Intern Med 2023; 111:5-20. [PMID: 36890010 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejim.2023.02.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023]
Abstract
Obesity is a heterogenous condition with multiple different phenotypes. Among these a particular subtype exists named as metabolically healthy obesity (MHO). MHO has multiple definitions and its prevalence varies according to study. The potential mechanisms underlying the pathophysiology of MHO include the different types of adipose tissue and their distribution, the role of hormones, inflammation, diet, the intestinal microbiota and genetic factors. In contrast to the negative metabolic profile associated with metabolically unhealthy obesity (MUO), MHO has relatively favorable metabolic characteristics. Nevertheless, MHO is still associated with many important chronic diseases including cardiovascular disease, hypertension, type 2 diabetes, chronic kidney disease as well as certain types of cancer and has the risk of progression into the unhealthy phenotype. Therefore, it should not be considered as a benign condition. The major therapeutic alternatives include dietary modifications, exercise, bariatric surgery and certain medications including glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) analogs, sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT-2) inhibitors and tirzepatide. In this review, we discuss the significance of MHO while comparing this phenotype with MUO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cem Tanriover
- Department of Medicine, Koc University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Sidar Copur
- Department of Medicine, Koc University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Abduzhappar Gaipov
- Department of Medicine, Nazarbayev University School of Medicine, Astana, Kazakhstan; Clinical Academic Department of Internal Medicine, CF "University Medical Center", Astana, Kazakhstan
| | - Batu Ozlusen
- Department of Medicine, Koc University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Rustu E Akcan
- Department of Medicine, Koc University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | | | - Mads Hornum
- Department of Nephrology, Rigshospitalet, Inge Lehmanns Vej 7, Copenhagen 2100, Denmark; Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Daniel H Van Raalte
- Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Loaction VUMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Mehmet Kanbay
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Koc University School of Medicine, Istanbul 34010, Turkey.
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17
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Clemente-Suárez VJ, Redondo-Flórez L, Beltrán-Velasco AI, Martín-Rodríguez A, Martínez-Guardado I, Navarro-Jiménez E, Laborde-Cárdenas CC, Tornero-Aguilera JF. The Role of Adipokines in Health and Disease. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11051290. [PMID: 37238961 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11051290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 55.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Adipokines are cell-signaling proteins secreted by adipose tissue that has been related to a low-grade state of inflammation and different pathologies. The present review aims to analyze the role of adipokines in health and disease in order to understand the important functions and effects of these cytokines. For this aim, the present review delves into the type of adipocytes and the cytokines produced, as well as their functions; the relations of adipokines in inflammation and different diseases such as cardiovascular, atherosclerosis, mental diseases, metabolic disorders, cancer, and eating behaviors; and finally, the role of microbiota, nutrition, and physical activity in adipokines is discussed. This information would allow for a better understanding of these important cytokines and their effects on body organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Laura Redondo-Flórez
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, C/Tajo s/n, 28670 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Isabel Beltrán-Velasco
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Life and Natural Sciences, University of Nebrija, C/del Hostal, 28248 Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Ismael Martínez-Guardado
- BRABE Group, Department of Psychology, Faculty of Life and Natural Sciences, University of Nebrija, C/del Hostal, 28248 Madrid, Spain
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18
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Kunutsor SK. Obesity or adipokines-which should be targeted for venous thromboembolism prevention? JOURNAL OF THROMBOSIS AND HAEMOSTASIS : JTH 2023; 21:195-197. [PMID: 36775413 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtha.2022.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Setor K Kunutsor
- Diabetes Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester General Hospital, Gwendolen Road, Leicester, UK.
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19
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Omiya K, Nakadate Y, Oguchi T, Sato T, Matsuoka T, Abe M, Kawakami A, Matsukawa T, Sato H. Cardioprotective effects of enteral vs. parenteral lactoferrin administration on myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury in a rat model of stunned myocardium. BMC Pharmacol Toxicol 2022; 23:78. [PMID: 36242077 PMCID: PMC9563476 DOI: 10.1186/s40360-022-00619-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Revised: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lactoferrin, an iron-binding glycoprotein, is known to have protective effects against intestinal and cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injuries; however, its cardioprotective effects against the stunned myocardium are unknown. This study aimed to test the hypothesis that lactoferrin has cardioprotective effects against stunned myocardium. METHODS Using isolated rat hearts (Langendorff system), we determined the effects of lactoferrin administered enterally and by direct cardiac perfusion. Rat hearts were perfused using the Langendorff system, and two experiments were performed. In experiment 1, the hearts were divided into the enteral lactoferrin (E-LF) 7.5 m, 15 m, 30 m, and 60 m groups, where lactoferrin (1000 mg/kg) was administered enterally 7.5, 15, 30, and 60 min, respectively, before perfusion; and a control group, where saline was administered 30 min before perfusion. In experiment 2, hearts were allocated to the perfusate lactoferrin (P-LF) 15 and 100 groups, where 15 mg/L and 100 mg/L lactoferrin were respectively added to the perfusate, and a control group. Each group was perfused for 20 min prior to 15 min of no-flow ischemia with pacing, followed by 20 min of reperfusion. The primary outcome was the maximum left ventricular derivative of pressure development (LV dP/dt max) 15 min after reperfusion. Myocardial phospho-protein kinase B (p-Akt) was assayed using western blotting. RESULTS The LV dP/dt max 15 min after reperfusion in the E-LF 15 and 30 m groups was significantly higher than that in the control group. However, the effects disappeared in the E-LF 60 m group. In the second experiment, there were no significant differences in LV dP/dt max. Myocardial p-Akt was not significantly activated in any lactoferrin group. CONCLUSION Cardioprotection was observed 15-30 min after enteral lactoferrin but not by direct cardiac perfusion with lactoferrin. Myocardial p-Akt was not associated with the cardioprotective effect. The cardioprotective effect may be induced by enteral lactoferrin-induced substances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keisuke Omiya
- Department of Anesthesiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, 1110 Shimokato, 409-3898, Chuo, Yamanashi, Japan.
| | - Yosuke Nakadate
- Department of Anesthesiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, 1110 Shimokato, 409-3898, Chuo, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Takeshi Oguchi
- Department of Anesthesiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, 1110 Shimokato, 409-3898, Chuo, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Tamaki Sato
- Department of Anesthesia, McGill University Health Centre Glen Site, Royal Victoria Hospital, Montreal, Canada
| | - Toru Matsuoka
- Department of Anesthesiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, 1110 Shimokato, 409-3898, Chuo, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Masako Abe
- Department of Anesthesiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, 1110 Shimokato, 409-3898, Chuo, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Akiko Kawakami
- Department of Anesthesiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, 1110 Shimokato, 409-3898, Chuo, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Takashi Matsukawa
- Department of Anesthesiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, 1110 Shimokato, 409-3898, Chuo, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Sato
- Department of Anesthesia, McGill University Health Centre Glen Site, Royal Victoria Hospital, Montreal, Canada
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20
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Pathogenesis, Murine Models, and Clinical Implications of Metabolically Healthy Obesity. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23179614. [PMID: 36077011 PMCID: PMC9455655 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23179614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Revised: 08/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Although obesity is commonly associated with numerous cardiometabolic pathologies, some people with obesity are resistant to detrimental effects of excess body fat, which constitutes a condition called “metabolically healthy obesity” (MHO). Metabolic features of MHO that distinguish it from metabolically unhealthy obesity (MUO) include differences in the fat distribution, adipokine types, and levels of chronic inflammation. Murine models are available that mimic the phenotype of human MHO, with increased adiposity but preserved insulin sensitivity. Clinically, there is no established definition of MHO yet. Despite the lack of a uniform definition, most studies describe MHO as a particular case of obesity with no or only one metabolic syndrome components and lower levels of insulin resistance or inflammatory markers. Another clinical viewpoint is the dynamic and changing nature of MHO, which substantially impacts the clinical outcome. In this review, we explore the pathophysiology and some murine models of MHO. The definition, variability, and clinical implications of the MHO phenotype are also discussed. Understanding the characteristics that differentiate people with MHO from those with MUO can lead to new insights into the mechanisms behind obesity-related metabolic derangements and diseases.
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21
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Rodriguez CP, Ogunmoroti O, Quispe R, Osibogun O, Ndumele CE, Echouffo Tcheugui J, Minhas AS, Bertoni AG, Allison MA, Michos ED. The Association Between Multiparity and Adipokine Levels: The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis. J Womens Health (Larchmt) 2022; 31:741-749. [PMID: 34747649 PMCID: PMC9133972 DOI: 10.1089/jwh.2021.0091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Multiparity is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, the mechanisms of this relationship are unknown. Adipokines may predispose multiparous women to certain cardiometabolic complications that can increase their risk of future CVD. Materials and Methods: We studied 973 female participants of the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis free of CVD, who had complete data on parity and adipokines measured at Examination 2 or 3 (randomly assigned). Parity was categorized as nulliparity, 1-2, 3-4, and ≥5 live births. Multivariable linear regression was used to evaluate the association of parity with leptin, resistin, and adiponectin levels. Results: The women had mean age of 65 ± 9 years. After adjustment for age, race/ethnicity, study site, education, menopause status, smoking, physical activity, use of hormone therapy, and waist circumference, a history of grand multiparity (≥5 live births) was associated with 11% higher resistin levels (95% confidence interval [CI] 0-23) and 3-4 live births was associated with 23% higher leptin levels (95% CI 7-42), compared with nulliparity. After adjustment for computed tomography-measured visceral fat, the association of 3-4 live births with leptin remained significant. There were no significant associations of parity with adipokines after further adjustment for additional CVD risk factors. Multigravidity (but not parity) was inversely associated with adiponectin levels. Conclusions: In a multiethnic cohort of women, greater parity was associated with resistin and leptin; however, this association was attenuated after accounting for CVD risk factors. Dysregulation of adipokines could contribute to the excess CVD risk associated with multiparity. Further studies are needed to determine whether adipokines independently mediate the relationship between multiparity and CVD. Clinical trials registration: The MESA cohort is registered at NCT00005487.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla P. Rodriguez
- Division of Cardiology, The Ciccarone Center for the Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Oluseye Ogunmoroti
- Division of Cardiology, The Ciccarone Center for the Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Renato Quispe
- Division of Cardiology, The Ciccarone Center for the Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Olatokunbo Osibogun
- Department of Epidemiology, Robert Stempel College of Public Health, Florida International University, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Chiadi E. Ndumele
- Division of Cardiology, The Ciccarone Center for the Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Justin Echouffo Tcheugui
- Division of Cardiology, The Ciccarone Center for the Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Anum S. Minhas
- Division of Cardiology, The Ciccarone Center for the Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Alain G. Bertoni
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Matthew A. Allison
- Department of Family Medicine, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Erin D. Michos
- Division of Cardiology, The Ciccarone Center for the Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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22
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Jiang Y, Zhao Q, Li L, Huang S, Yi S, Hu Z. Effect of Traditional Chinese Medicine on the Cardiovascular Diseases. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:806300. [PMID: 35387325 PMCID: PMC8978630 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.806300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is the health care system developed with the help of clinical trials that are based ideally on the scientific model of regulation. Objective: This systematic health care system relies on some specific unique theories and practical experiences to treat and cure diseases, thus enhancing the public's health. Review Methodology: The current review covers the available literature from 2000 to 2021. The data was collected from journals research articles, published books, thesis, and electronic databases, search engines such as Google Scholar, Elsevier, EBSCO, PMC, PubMed, ScienceDirect, Willey Online Library, Springer Link, and CNKI) searching key terms, cardiovascular disease, traditional Chinese medicines, natural products, and bioactive compounds. Full-length articles and abstracts were screened for the collection of information included in the paper. Results: Clinical trials on the TCM and basic research carried out on its mechanism and nature have led to the application and development of the perfect design of the research techniques, for example, twofold striking in acupuncture that aid in overcoming the limitations and resistances in integrating and applicability of these experiences and trials into the pre-existing biomedical models. Furthermore, TCM has also been utilized from ancient times to treat heart diseases in Asia, particularly in China, and is now used by people in many other areas. Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is mainly developed by oxidative stress. Hence antioxidants can be beneficial in treating this particular disease. TCM has a wide variety of antioxidant components. Conclusion: The current review article summarizes the underlying therapeutic property of TCM and its mechanism. It also overviews the evidence of the mechanism of TCM action in CVD prevention by controlling oxidative stress and its signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Jiang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China.,Hunan Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated Hospital, Changsha, China
| | - Qi Zhao
- Hunan Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated Hospital, Changsha, China
| | - Lin Li
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Shumin Huang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Shuai Yi
- Hunan Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated Hospital, Changsha, China
| | - Zhixi Hu
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
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23
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Varma B, Ogunmoroti O, Ndumele CE, Zhao D, Szklo M, Sweeney T, Allison MA, Budoff MJ, Subramanya V, Bertoni AG, Michos ED. Higher Leptin Levels Are Associated with Coronary Artery Calcium Progression: the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA). DIABETES EPIDEMIOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT 2022; 6:100047. [PMID: 35132401 PMCID: PMC8817736 DOI: 10.1016/j.deman.2021.100047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adipokines play a role in cardiometabolic pathways. Coronary artery calcium (CAC) progression prognosticates cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. However, the association of adipokines with CAC progression is not well established. We examined the association of adipokines with CAC progression in a multi-ethnic cohort free of CVD at baseline. METHODS We included 1,904 randomly-selected adults enrolled in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis who had both adipokine levels [leptin, resistin, adiponectin] and CAC by CT measured at either exam 2 (2002-2004) or exam 3 (2004-2005). CAC was previously measured at exam 1 (2000-2002) and a subset (n=566) had CAC measured at exam 5 (2010-2012). We used logistic regression to examine odds of CAC progression between exam 1 and 2/3 (defined as >0 Agatston units of change/year). We used linear mixed effect models to examine CAC progression from exam 2/3 to 5. RESULTS At exam 2/3, the mean age was 65(10) yrs; 50% women. In models adjusted for sociodemographic factors and BMI, the highest tertile of leptin, compared to lowest, was associated with an increased odds of CAC progression over the preceding 2.6yrs [OR 1.60 (95% CI: 1.10-2.33)]. In models further adjusted for visceral fat and CVD risk factors, the highest tertile of leptin was statistically significantly associated with a 4% (1-7%) greater CAC progression over an average of 7yrs. No associations were seen for resistin and adiponectin. CONCLUSIONS Higher leptin levels were independently, but modestly, associated with CAC progression. Atherosclerosis progression may be one mechanism through which leptin confers increased CVD risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhavya Varma
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Oluseye Ogunmoroti
- Division of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Chiadi E. Ndumele
- Division of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Di Zhao
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD
| | - Moyses Szklo
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD
| | - Ty Sweeney
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Matthew A. Allison
- Department of Family Medicine, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA
| | | | - Vinita Subramanya
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA
| | - Alain G. Bertoni
- Department of Epidemiology & Prevention, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston Salem, NC
| | - Erin D. Michos
- Division of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD
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24
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Ait Eldjoudi D, Cordero Barreal A, Gonzalez-Rodríguez M, Ruiz-Fernández C, Farrag Y, Farrag M, Lago F, Capuozzo M, Gonzalez-Gay MA, Mera Varela A, Pino J, Gualillo O. Leptin in Osteoarthritis and Rheumatoid Arthritis: Player or Bystander? Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23052859. [PMID: 35270000 PMCID: PMC8911522 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23052859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Revised: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
White adipose tissue (WAT) is a specialized tissue whose main function is lipid synthesis and triglyceride storage. It is now considered as an active organ secreting a plethora of hormones and cytokines namely adipokines. Discovered in 1994, leptin has emerged as a key molecule with pleiotropic functions. It is primarily recognized for its role in regulating energy homeostasis and food intake. Currently, further evidence suggests its potent role in reproduction, glucose metabolism, hematopoiesis, and interaction with the immune system. It is implicated in both innate and adaptive immunity, and it is reported to contribute, with other adipokines, in the cross-talking networks involved in the pathogenesis of chronic inflammation and immune-related diseases of the musculo-skeletal system such as osteoarthritis (OA) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA). In this review, we summarize the most recent findings concerning the involvement of leptin in immunity and inflammatory responses in OA and RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Djedjiga Ait Eldjoudi
- SERGAS (Servizo Galego de Saude) and IDIS (Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago), NEIRID Lab (Neuroendocrine Interactions in Rheumatology and Inflammatory Diseases), Research Laboratory 9, Santiago University Clinical Hospital, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (D.A.E.); (A.C.B.); (M.G.-R.); (C.R.-F.); (Y.F.); (M.F.); (J.P.)
| | - Alfonso Cordero Barreal
- SERGAS (Servizo Galego de Saude) and IDIS (Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago), NEIRID Lab (Neuroendocrine Interactions in Rheumatology and Inflammatory Diseases), Research Laboratory 9, Santiago University Clinical Hospital, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (D.A.E.); (A.C.B.); (M.G.-R.); (C.R.-F.); (Y.F.); (M.F.); (J.P.)
- International PhD School, University of Santiago de Compostela (EDIUS), 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - María Gonzalez-Rodríguez
- SERGAS (Servizo Galego de Saude) and IDIS (Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago), NEIRID Lab (Neuroendocrine Interactions in Rheumatology and Inflammatory Diseases), Research Laboratory 9, Santiago University Clinical Hospital, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (D.A.E.); (A.C.B.); (M.G.-R.); (C.R.-F.); (Y.F.); (M.F.); (J.P.)
- International PhD School, University of Santiago de Compostela (EDIUS), 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Clara Ruiz-Fernández
- SERGAS (Servizo Galego de Saude) and IDIS (Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago), NEIRID Lab (Neuroendocrine Interactions in Rheumatology and Inflammatory Diseases), Research Laboratory 9, Santiago University Clinical Hospital, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (D.A.E.); (A.C.B.); (M.G.-R.); (C.R.-F.); (Y.F.); (M.F.); (J.P.)
- International PhD School, University of Santiago de Compostela (EDIUS), 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Yousof Farrag
- SERGAS (Servizo Galego de Saude) and IDIS (Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago), NEIRID Lab (Neuroendocrine Interactions in Rheumatology and Inflammatory Diseases), Research Laboratory 9, Santiago University Clinical Hospital, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (D.A.E.); (A.C.B.); (M.G.-R.); (C.R.-F.); (Y.F.); (M.F.); (J.P.)
| | - Mariam Farrag
- SERGAS (Servizo Galego de Saude) and IDIS (Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago), NEIRID Lab (Neuroendocrine Interactions in Rheumatology and Inflammatory Diseases), Research Laboratory 9, Santiago University Clinical Hospital, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (D.A.E.); (A.C.B.); (M.G.-R.); (C.R.-F.); (Y.F.); (M.F.); (J.P.)
| | - Francisca Lago
- Molecular and Cellular Cardiology Group, SERGAS (Servizo Galego de Saude) and IDIS (Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago), Research Laboratory 7, Santiago University Clinical Hospital, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain;
| | - Maurizio Capuozzo
- National Health Service, Local Health Authority ASL 3 Napoli Sud, Department of Pharmacy, Ercolano, 80056 Naples, Italy;
| | - Miguel Angel Gonzalez-Gay
- Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla, Epidemiology, Genetics and Atherosclerosis Research Group on Systemic Inflammatory Diseases, IDIVAL, University of Cantabria, Avenida de Valdecilla s/n, 39011 Santander, Spain;
| | - Antonio Mera Varela
- SERGAS, Servizo Galego de Saude, Santiago University Clinical Hospital, Division of Rheumatology, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain;
| | - Jesús Pino
- SERGAS (Servizo Galego de Saude) and IDIS (Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago), NEIRID Lab (Neuroendocrine Interactions in Rheumatology and Inflammatory Diseases), Research Laboratory 9, Santiago University Clinical Hospital, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (D.A.E.); (A.C.B.); (M.G.-R.); (C.R.-F.); (Y.F.); (M.F.); (J.P.)
| | - Oreste Gualillo
- SERGAS (Servizo Galego de Saude) and IDIS (Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago), NEIRID Lab (Neuroendocrine Interactions in Rheumatology and Inflammatory Diseases), Research Laboratory 9, Santiago University Clinical Hospital, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (D.A.E.); (A.C.B.); (M.G.-R.); (C.R.-F.); (Y.F.); (M.F.); (J.P.)
- Correspondence:
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25
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Sinitsky MY, Dyleva YA, Uchasova EG, Belik EV, Yuzhalin AE, Gruzdeva OV, Matveeva VG, Ponasenko AV. Adipokine gene expression in adipocytes isolated from different fat depots of coronary artery disease patients. Arch Physiol Biochem 2022; 128:261-269. [PMID: 31595792 DOI: 10.1080/13813455.2019.1674338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
To compare DPP4, LCN2, NAMPT, ITLN1, APLN mRNA levels in adipocytes isolated from the biopsies of subcutaneous, epicardial and perivascular fat obtained from 25 patients with coronary artery disease. Gene expression signature was determined by RT-qPCR with hydrolysis probes. We found DPP4 and APLN mRNA was higher expressed only in adipocytes isolated from epicardial adipose tissue compared to the subcutaneous fat. The ITLN1 gene was overexpressed in epicardial adipose tissue compared to both subcutaneous and perivascular tissues. APLN mRNA expression was positively correlated with total and LDL cholesterol plasma level, and DPP4 mRNA expression - with VLDL cholesterol concentration. Thus, adipocytes isolated from different adipose depots are characterised by differential gene expression of adipokines. Epicardial adipose tissue is of particular interest in the context of its function, molecular and genetic mechanisms of regulation of the cardiovascular system and as a therapeutic target for correction of adipose tissue-induced effects on health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxim Yu Sinitsky
- Laboratory of Genome Medicine, Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases, Kemerovo, Russian Federation
| | - Yulia A Dyleva
- Laboratory of Homeostasis, Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases, Kemerovo, Russian Federation
| | - Evgenya G Uchasova
- Laboratory of Homeostasis, Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases, Kemerovo, Russian Federation
| | - Ekaterina V Belik
- Laboratory of Homeostasis, Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases, Kemerovo, Russian Federation
| | - Arseniy E Yuzhalin
- Laboratory of Fundamental Aspects of Atherosclerosis, Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases, Kemerovo, Russian Federation
| | - Olga V Gruzdeva
- Laboratory of Homeostasis, Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases, Kemerovo, Russian Federation
| | - Vera G Matveeva
- Laboratory of Cell Technologies, Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases, Kemerovo, Russian Federation
| | - Anastasia V Ponasenko
- Laboratory of Genome Medicine, Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases, Kemerovo, Russian Federation
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26
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Moscoso I, Cebro-Márquez M, Martínez-Gómez Á, Abou-Jokh C, Martínez-Monzonís MA, Martínez-Sande JL, González-Melchor L, García-Seara J, Fernández-López XA, Moraña-Fernández S, González-Juanatey JR, Rodríguez-Mañero M, Lage R. Circulating miR-499a and miR-125b as Potential Predictors of Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction Improvement after Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy. Cells 2022; 11:cells11020271. [PMID: 35053387 PMCID: PMC8773679 DOI: 10.3390/cells11020271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Revised: 12/24/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiac resynchronization therapy represents a therapeutic option for heart failure drug-refractory patients. However, due to the lack of success in 30% of the cases, there is a demand for an in-depth analysis of individual heterogeneity. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the prognostic value of circulating miRNA differences. Responder patients were defined by a composite endpoint of the presence of left ventricular reverse remodelling (a reduction ≥15% in telesystolic volume and an increment ≥10% in left ventricular ejection fraction). Circulating miRNAs signature was analysed at the time of the procedure and at a 6-month follow-up. An expression analysis showed, both at baseline and at follow-up, differences between responders and non-responders. Responders presented lower baseline expressions of miR-499, and at follow-up, downregulation of miR-125b-5p, both associated with a significant improvement in left ventricular ejection fraction. The miRNA profile differences showed a marked sensitivity to distinguish between responders and non-responders. Our data suggest that miRNA differences might contribute to prognostic stratification of patients undergoing cardiac resynchronization therapy and suggest that preimplant cardiac context as well as remodelling response are key to therapeutic success.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Moscoso
- Cardiology Group, Centre for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CIMUS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (I.M.); (M.C.-M.); (J.R.G.-J.)
- Department of Cardiology and Coronary Unit and Cellular and Molecular Cardiology Research Unit, Institute of Biomedical Research (IDIS-SERGAS), University Clinical Hospital, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (Á.M.-G.); (C.A.-J.); (M.A.M.-M.); (J.L.M.-S.); (L.G.-M.); (J.G.-S.); (X.A.F.-L.); (S.M.-F.); (M.R.-M.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - María Cebro-Márquez
- Cardiology Group, Centre for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CIMUS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (I.M.); (M.C.-M.); (J.R.G.-J.)
- Department of Cardiology and Coronary Unit and Cellular and Molecular Cardiology Research Unit, Institute of Biomedical Research (IDIS-SERGAS), University Clinical Hospital, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (Á.M.-G.); (C.A.-J.); (M.A.M.-M.); (J.L.M.-S.); (L.G.-M.); (J.G.-S.); (X.A.F.-L.); (S.M.-F.); (M.R.-M.)
| | - Álvaro Martínez-Gómez
- Department of Cardiology and Coronary Unit and Cellular and Molecular Cardiology Research Unit, Institute of Biomedical Research (IDIS-SERGAS), University Clinical Hospital, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (Á.M.-G.); (C.A.-J.); (M.A.M.-M.); (J.L.M.-S.); (L.G.-M.); (J.G.-S.); (X.A.F.-L.); (S.M.-F.); (M.R.-M.)
| | - Charigan Abou-Jokh
- Department of Cardiology and Coronary Unit and Cellular and Molecular Cardiology Research Unit, Institute of Biomedical Research (IDIS-SERGAS), University Clinical Hospital, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (Á.M.-G.); (C.A.-J.); (M.A.M.-M.); (J.L.M.-S.); (L.G.-M.); (J.G.-S.); (X.A.F.-L.); (S.M.-F.); (M.R.-M.)
| | - María Amparo Martínez-Monzonís
- Department of Cardiology and Coronary Unit and Cellular and Molecular Cardiology Research Unit, Institute of Biomedical Research (IDIS-SERGAS), University Clinical Hospital, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (Á.M.-G.); (C.A.-J.); (M.A.M.-M.); (J.L.M.-S.); (L.G.-M.); (J.G.-S.); (X.A.F.-L.); (S.M.-F.); (M.R.-M.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - José Luis Martínez-Sande
- Department of Cardiology and Coronary Unit and Cellular and Molecular Cardiology Research Unit, Institute of Biomedical Research (IDIS-SERGAS), University Clinical Hospital, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (Á.M.-G.); (C.A.-J.); (M.A.M.-M.); (J.L.M.-S.); (L.G.-M.); (J.G.-S.); (X.A.F.-L.); (S.M.-F.); (M.R.-M.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Laila González-Melchor
- Department of Cardiology and Coronary Unit and Cellular and Molecular Cardiology Research Unit, Institute of Biomedical Research (IDIS-SERGAS), University Clinical Hospital, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (Á.M.-G.); (C.A.-J.); (M.A.M.-M.); (J.L.M.-S.); (L.G.-M.); (J.G.-S.); (X.A.F.-L.); (S.M.-F.); (M.R.-M.)
| | - Javier García-Seara
- Department of Cardiology and Coronary Unit and Cellular and Molecular Cardiology Research Unit, Institute of Biomedical Research (IDIS-SERGAS), University Clinical Hospital, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (Á.M.-G.); (C.A.-J.); (M.A.M.-M.); (J.L.M.-S.); (L.G.-M.); (J.G.-S.); (X.A.F.-L.); (S.M.-F.); (M.R.-M.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Xesús Alberte Fernández-López
- Department of Cardiology and Coronary Unit and Cellular and Molecular Cardiology Research Unit, Institute of Biomedical Research (IDIS-SERGAS), University Clinical Hospital, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (Á.M.-G.); (C.A.-J.); (M.A.M.-M.); (J.L.M.-S.); (L.G.-M.); (J.G.-S.); (X.A.F.-L.); (S.M.-F.); (M.R.-M.)
| | - Sandra Moraña-Fernández
- Department of Cardiology and Coronary Unit and Cellular and Molecular Cardiology Research Unit, Institute of Biomedical Research (IDIS-SERGAS), University Clinical Hospital, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (Á.M.-G.); (C.A.-J.); (M.A.M.-M.); (J.L.M.-S.); (L.G.-M.); (J.G.-S.); (X.A.F.-L.); (S.M.-F.); (M.R.-M.)
| | - José R. González-Juanatey
- Cardiology Group, Centre for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CIMUS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (I.M.); (M.C.-M.); (J.R.G.-J.)
- Department of Cardiology and Coronary Unit and Cellular and Molecular Cardiology Research Unit, Institute of Biomedical Research (IDIS-SERGAS), University Clinical Hospital, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (Á.M.-G.); (C.A.-J.); (M.A.M.-M.); (J.L.M.-S.); (L.G.-M.); (J.G.-S.); (X.A.F.-L.); (S.M.-F.); (M.R.-M.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Moisés Rodríguez-Mañero
- Department of Cardiology and Coronary Unit and Cellular and Molecular Cardiology Research Unit, Institute of Biomedical Research (IDIS-SERGAS), University Clinical Hospital, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (Á.M.-G.); (C.A.-J.); (M.A.M.-M.); (J.L.M.-S.); (L.G.-M.); (J.G.-S.); (X.A.F.-L.); (S.M.-F.); (M.R.-M.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ricardo Lage
- Cardiology Group, Centre for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CIMUS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (I.M.); (M.C.-M.); (J.R.G.-J.)
- Department of Cardiology and Coronary Unit and Cellular and Molecular Cardiology Research Unit, Institute of Biomedical Research (IDIS-SERGAS), University Clinical Hospital, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (Á.M.-G.); (C.A.-J.); (M.A.M.-M.); (J.L.M.-S.); (L.G.-M.); (J.G.-S.); (X.A.F.-L.); (S.M.-F.); (M.R.-M.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence:
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Varma B, Ogunmoroti O, Ndumele CE, Kazzi B, Rodriquez CP, Osibogun O, Allison MA, Bertoni AG, Michos ED. Associations between endogenous sex hormone levels and adipokine levels in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:1062460. [PMID: 36712262 PMCID: PMC9880051 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.1062460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Differences in sex hormone levels contribute to differences in cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. Adipokines play a role in cardiometabolic pathways and have differing associations with CVD. Adipokine levels differ by sex; however, the association between sex hormone profiles and adipokines is not well established. We hypothesized that a more androgenic sex hormone profile would be associated with higher leptin and resistin and lower adiponectin levels among postmenopausal women, with the opposite associations in men. Methods We performed an analysis of 1,811 adults in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis who had both sex hormones and adipokines measured an average of 2.6 years apart. Sex hormones [Testosterone (T), estradiol (E2), sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG), and dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA)] were measured at exam 1; free T was estimated. Serum adipokines (leptin, resistin, adiponectin) were measured at exams 2 or 3. We used multivariable linear regression to examine the cross-sectional associations between sex hormones and adipokines. Results The mean (SD) age was 63 (10) years, 48% were women; 59% non-White participants. For leptin, after adjusting for demographics only, higher free T and lower SHBG, were associated with higher leptin in women; this association was attenuated after further covariate adjustment. However in men, higher free T and lower SHBG were associated with greater leptin levels in fully adjusted models. For adiponectin, lower free T and higher SHBG were associated with greater adiponectin in both women and men after adjustment for CVD risk factors. For resistin, no significant association was found women, but an inverse association with total T and bioT was seen in men. Conclusion Overall, these results further suggest a more androgenic sex profile (higher free T and lower SHBG) is associated with a less favorable adipokine pattern. These findings may provide mechanistic insight into the interplay between sex hormones, adipokines, and CVD risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhavya Varma
- Ciccarone Center for the Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Oluseye Ogunmoroti
- Ciccarone Center for the Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Chiadi E Ndumele
- Ciccarone Center for the Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Brigitte Kazzi
- Ciccarone Center for the Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Carla P Rodriquez
- Ciccarone Center for the Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Olatokunbo Osibogun
- Department of Epidemiology, Robert Stempel College of Public Health and Social Work, Florida International University, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Matthew A Allison
- Department of Family Medicine, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Alain G Bertoni
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, United States
| | - Erin D Michos
- Ciccarone Center for the Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
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Influence of Obesity on Heart Rate Variability in Nurses with Age and Shift Type as Moderators. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 2021:8119929. [PMID: 34840981 PMCID: PMC8612804 DOI: 10.1155/2021/8119929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2021] [Revised: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Obesity is a risk factor of cardiovascular disease-related mortality and may be associated with changes in the autonomic nerve activity. Nurses working shifts and caring for patients are under great mental and physical pressure, and research has proven that these can negatively affect the body. The objective of this study was to examine the influence of obesity in nurses on their heart rate variability (HRV) and determine whether age or shift type moderates this influence. A questionnaire survey and HRV measurements were conducted on nurses at a hospital in Taiwan during a routine employee health checkup. HRV analysis was conducted using a noninvasive HRV monitor for five minutes. A total of 242 nurses with a mean age of 28.98 ± 6.56 years were enrolled in this study. An overly large waist circumference (WC) had a negative impact on high frequency (HF), low frequency (LF), and standard deviation of normal-to-normal interval (SDNN), while an overly high body mass index (BMI) had a negative impact on very low frequency (VLF) and SDNN. The interaction term “overly large WC × age” had a negative impact on HF (β = −0.21, p = 0.010) and LF (β = −0.18, p = 0.030), whereas the interaction term “overly high BMI×age” had a negative impact on HF (β = −0.27, p = 0.001), LF (β = −0.19, p = 0.023), and VLF (β = −0.17, p = 0.045). The interaction terms “overly large WC × shift type” and “overly high BMI × shift type” did not influence any HRV parameters. As age increased, so did the degree to which the HF and LF of nurses with an overly large WC were lower than normal, and so did the degree to which the HF, LF, and VLF of nurses with an overly high BMI were lower than normal.
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Krishnan A, Chilton E, Raman J, Saxena P, McFarlane C, Trollope AF, Kinobe R, Chilton L. Are Interactions between Epicardial Adipose Tissue, Cardiac Fibroblasts and Cardiac Myocytes Instrumental in Atrial Fibrosis and Atrial Fibrillation? Cells 2021; 10:2501. [PMID: 34572150 PMCID: PMC8467050 DOI: 10.3390/cells10092501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Revised: 09/12/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Atrial fibrillation is very common among the elderly and/or obese. While myocardial fibrosis is associated with atrial fibrillation, the exact mechanisms within atrial myocytes and surrounding non-myocytes are not fully understood. This review considers the potential roles of myocardial fibroblasts and myofibroblasts in fibrosis and modulating myocyte electrophysiology through electrotonic interactions. Coupling with (myo)fibroblasts in vitro and in silico prolonged myocyte action potential duration and caused resting depolarization; an optogenetic study has verified in vivo that fibroblasts depolarized when coupled myocytes produced action potentials. This review also introduces another non-myocyte which may modulate both myocardial (myo)fibroblasts and myocytes: epicardial adipose tissue. Epicardial adipocytes are in intimate contact with myocytes and (myo)fibroblasts and may infiltrate the myocardium. Adipocytes secrete numerous adipokines which modulate (myo)fibroblast and myocyte physiology. These adipokines are protective in healthy hearts, preventing inflammation and fibrosis. However, adipokines secreted from adipocytes may switch to pro-inflammatory and pro-fibrotic, associated with reactive oxygen species generation. Pro-fibrotic adipokines stimulate myofibroblast differentiation, causing pronounced fibrosis in the epicardial adipose tissue and the myocardium. Adipose tissue also influences myocyte electrophysiology, via the adipokines and/or through electrotonic interactions. Deeper understanding of the interactions between myocytes and non-myocytes is important to understand and manage atrial fibrillation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anirudh Krishnan
- College of Medicine and Dentistry, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4811, Australia;
| | - Emily Chilton
- Department of Biomedical Physiology and Kinesiology, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada;
| | - Jaishankar Raman
- Austin & St Vincent’s Hospitals, Melbourne University, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia;
- Applied Artificial Intelligence Institute, Deakin University, Melbourne, VIC 3217, Australia
- Department of Surgery, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
- School of Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL 61820, USA
| | - Pankaj Saxena
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Townsville University Hospital, Townsville, QLD 4814, Australia;
| | - Craig McFarlane
- Centre for Tropical Bioinformatics and Molecular Biology, Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4811, Australia;
| | - Alexandra F. Trollope
- Centre for Molecular Therapeutics, Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, College of Medicine and Dentistry, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4811, Australia;
| | - Robert Kinobe
- Centre for Molecular Therapeutics, Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4811, Australia;
| | - Lisa Chilton
- Centre for Molecular Therapeutics, Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4811, Australia;
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Liu S, Jiang H, Chang C, Rui Y, Zuo Z, Liu T, Song Y, Zhao F, Chen Q, Geng J. Effects and Mechanism of Noninvasive Positive-Pressure Ventilation in a Rat Model of Heart Failure Due to Myocardial Infarction. Med Sci Monit 2021; 27:e928476. [PMID: 33609350 PMCID: PMC7903847 DOI: 10.12659/msm.928476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Impaired heart function induced by myocardial infarction is a leading cause of chronic heart failure (HF). This study aimed to investigate the effects and mechanism of noninvasive positive-pressure ventilation (NIPPV) in a rat model of HF due to myocardial infarction. MATERIAL AND METHODS To explore the therapeutic effect and mechanism of NIPPV on acute myocardial infarction-induced HF, we established a rat model of HF by ligating the anterior descending branch of the left coronary artery and confirmed by ultrasonic cardiography and brain natriuretic peptide 45 detection. RESULTS The levels of heat-shock protein (HSP)-70 increased and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2, MMP-9, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha decreased in the group that received NIPPV treatment compared with the control group. In addition, the histopathologic results showed less severe inflammatory infiltration and a smaller area of myocardial fibrosis in the NIPPV treatment group. CONCLUSIONS In a rat model of HF due to myocardial infarction, NIPPV resulted in increased levels of HSP70 and reduced expression of MMP2, MMP9, and TNF-alpha and reduced myocardial neutrophil infiltration and fibrosis. Taken together, we showed that NIPPV is an effective treatment for HF induced by myocardial infarction by inhibiting the release of inflammatory factors and preventing microvascular embolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Liu
- Tianjin Cardiovascular Diseases Institute, Tianjin Chest Hospital, Tianjin, China (mainland)
| | - He Jiang
- Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Chest Hospital, Tianjin, China (mainland)
| | - Chao Chang
- Cardiac Surgery Intensive Care Unit, Tianjin Chest Hospital, Tianjin, China (mainland)
| | - Yuhua Rui
- Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China (mainland)
| | - Zhigang Zuo
- Department of Orthodontics, Stomatological Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China (mainland)
| | - Ting Liu
- Tianjin Cardiovascular Diseases Institute, Tianjin Chest Hospital, Tianjin, China (mainland)
| | - Yanqiu Song
- Tianjin Cardiovascular Diseases Institute, Tianjin Chest Hospital, Tianjin, China (mainland)
| | - Fumei Zhao
- Tianjin Cardiovascular Diseases Institute, Tianjin Chest Hospital, Tianjin, China (mainland)
| | - Qingliang Chen
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Tianjin Chest Hospital, Tianjin, China (mainland)
| | - Jie Geng
- Cardiac Intensive Care Unit, Tianjin Chest Hospital, Tianjin, China (mainland)
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Elia E, Ministrini S, Carbone F, Montecucco F. Diabetic cardiomyopathy and inflammation: development of hostile microenvironment resulting in cardiac damage. Minerva Cardiol Angiol 2021; 70:357-369. [PMID: 33427423 DOI: 10.23736/s2724-5683.20.05454-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is emerging as a major risk factor for heart failure. Diabetic cardiomyopathy is defined as a myocardial dysfunction that is not caused by underlying hypertension or coronary artery disease. Studies about clinical features, natural history and outcomes of the disease are few and often conflicting, because a universally accepted operative definition of diabetic cardiomyopathy is still lacking. Hyperglycemia and related metabolic and endocrine disorders are the triggering factors of myocardial damage in diabetic cardiomyopathy through multiple mechanisms. Among these mechanisms, inflammation has a relevant role, similar to other chronic myocardial disease, such as hypertensive or ischemic heart disease. A balance between inflammatory damage and healing processes is fundamental for homeostasis of myocardial tissue, whereas diabetes mellitus produces an imbalance, promoting inflammation and delaying healing. Therefore, diabetes-related chronic inflammatory state can produce a progressive qualitative deterioration of myocardial tissue, which reflects on progressive left ventricular functional impairment, which can be either diastolic, with prevalent myocardial hypertrophy, or systolic, with prevalent myocardial fibrosis. The aim of this narrative review is to summarize the existing evidence about the role of inflammation in diabetic cardiomyopathy onset and development. Ultimately, potential pharmacological strategies targeting inflammatory response will be reviewed and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edoardo Elia
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Città della Salute e della Scienza, Turin, Italy
| | - Stefano Ministrini
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Federico Carbone
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.,IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa - Italian Cardiovascular Network, Genoa, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Montecucco
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy - .,IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa - Italian Cardiovascular Network, Genoa, Italy
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Sanidas E, Velliou Μ, Papadopoulos D, Iliopoulos D, Barbetseas J. Healthy and non healthy obese patients. The truth lies in the adipose tissue. Eur J Intern Med 2020; 82:133-134. [PMID: 32828616 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejim.2020.08.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Revised: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- E Sanidas
- Dept. Of Cardiology, LAIKO General Hospital, 17 Agiou Thoma Street, 11527, Athens, Greece.
| | - Μ Velliou
- Dept. Of Cardiology, LAIKO General Hospital, 17 Agiou Thoma Street, 11527, Athens, Greece
| | - D Papadopoulos
- Dept. Of Cardiology, LAIKO General Hospital, 17 Agiou Thoma Street, 11527, Athens, Greece
| | - D Iliopoulos
- Laboratory of Experimental Surgery and Surgical Research "N.S. Christeas", University of Athens, Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - J Barbetseas
- Dept. Of Cardiology, LAIKO General Hospital, 17 Agiou Thoma Street, 11527, Athens, Greece
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Berezin AE, Berezin AA, Lichtenauer M. Emerging Role of Adipocyte Dysfunction in Inducing Heart Failure Among Obese Patients With Prediabetes and Known Diabetes Mellitus. Front Cardiovasc Med 2020; 7:583175. [PMID: 33240938 PMCID: PMC7667132 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2020.583175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Adipose tissue dysfunction is a predictor for cardiovascular (CV) events and heart failure (HF) in patient population with obesity, metabolic syndrome, and known type 2 diabetes mellitus. Previous preclinical and clinical studies have yielded controversial findings regarding the role of accumulation of adipose tissue various types in CV risk and HF-related clinical outcomes in obese patients. There is evidence for direct impact of infiltration of epicardial adipocytes into the underlying myocardium to induce adverse cardiac remodeling and mediate HF development and atrial fibrillation. Additionally, perivascular adipocytes accumulation is responsible for release of proinflammatory adipocytokines (adiponectin, leptin, resistin), stimulation of oxidative stress, macrophage phenotype switching, and worsening vascular reparation, which all lead to microvascular inflammation, endothelial dysfunction, atherosclerosis acceleration, and finally to increase in CV mortality. However, systemic effects of white and brown adipose tissue can be different, and adipogenesis including browning of adipose tissue and deficiency of anti-inflammatory adipocytokines (visfatin, omentin, zinc-α2-glycoprotein, glypican-4) was frequently associated with adipose triglyceride lipase augmentation, altered glucose homeostasis, resistance to insulin of skeletal muscles, increased cardiomyocyte apoptosis, lowered survival, and weak function of progenitor endothelial cells, which could significantly influence on HF development, as well as end-organ fibrosis and multiple comorbidities. The exact underlying mechanisms for these effects are not fully understood, while they are essential to help develop improved treatment strategies. The aim of the review is to summarize the evidence showing that adipocyte dysfunction may induce the onset of HF and support advance of HF through different biological mechanisms involving inflammation, pericardial, and perivascular adipose tissue accumulation, adverse and electrical cardiac remodeling, and skeletal muscle dysfunction. The unbalancing effects of natriuretic peptides, neprilysin, and components of renin–angiotensin system, as exacerbating cause of altered adipocytokine signaling on myocardium and vasculature, in obesity patients at high risk of HF are disputed. The profile of proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory adipocytokines as promising biomarker for HF risk stratification is discussed in the review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander E Berezin
- Internal Medicine Department, State Medical University, Ministry of Health of Ukraine, Zaporozhye, Ukraine
| | - Alexander A Berezin
- Internal Medicine Department, Medical Academy of Post-Graduate Education, Ministry of Health of Ukraine, Zaporozhye, Ukraine
| | - Michael Lichtenauer
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine II, Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
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Samanidis G, Gkogkos A, Bousounis S, Alexopoulos L, Perrea DN, Perreas K. Blood Plasma Resistin and Atrial Fibrillation in Patients With Cardiovascular Disease. Cardiol Res 2020; 11:286-293. [PMID: 32849963 PMCID: PMC7430895 DOI: 10.14740/cr1121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Atrial fibrillation (AF) affects quality of life and prognosis of patients with cardiovascular disease. Resistin plays an important role in inflammatory response to internal and external factors. The aim of this study is to evaluate the association between resistin and permanent AF (PAF) in patients with cardiovascular disease. METHODS In our study, we included 146 patients with cardiovascular disease. Plasma resistin concentrations and demographic characteristics of patients were recorded. The patients were divided in two groups: 118 patients without a history of PAF (NonAF group), and 28 patients with a history of PAF (AF group). Association of resistin with PAF and other variables was examined by parametric and non-parametric tests, and multivariable linear and univariable logistic regression analysis. RESULTS No differences of demographic characteristics (gender, age and body mass index (BMI)) between two groups were observed (P > 0.05). Higher median levels of resistin were observed in group AF than in group NonAF (6.90 ng/mL vs. 5.83 ng/mL, P = 0.03). Multivariate linear regression analysis (adjusted to gender, age, BMI, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, coronary artery disease, and mitral valve disease) showed that resistin was associated with PAF (β = 0.79, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.08 to 1.51, P = 0.03). CONCLUSIONS Our analysis showed that plasma resistin was associated with PAF, and resistin concentration was higher in patients with AF compared to those without AF.
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Affiliation(s)
- George Samanidis
- Laboratory of Experimental Surgery and Surgical Research “N.S. Christeas”, Athens Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
- First Department of Cardiac Surgery, Onassis Cardiac Surgery Center, Athens, Greece
| | - Anastasios Gkogkos
- Laboratory of Experimental Surgery and Surgical Research “N.S. Christeas”, Athens Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Stefanos Bousounis
- Laboratory of Experimental Surgery and Surgical Research “N.S. Christeas”, Athens Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | | | - Despina N. Perrea
- Laboratory of Experimental Surgery and Surgical Research “N.S. Christeas”, Athens Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Perreas
- First Department of Cardiac Surgery, Onassis Cardiac Surgery Center, Athens, Greece
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YKL-40 as a novel biomarker in cardio-metabolic disorders and inflammatory diseases. Clin Chim Acta 2020; 511:40-46. [PMID: 33002471 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2020.09.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Revised: 09/25/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Dyslipidaemia is associated with numerous health problems that include the combination of insulin resistance, hypertension and obesity, ie, metabolic syndrome. Although the use of statins to decrease serum low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) has been an effective therapeutic in treating atherosclerosis, the persistence of high atherosclerotic risk, ie, residual risk, is notable and is not simply explained as a phenomenon of dyslipidaemia. As such, it is imperative that we identify new biomarkers to monitor treatment and more accurately predict future cardiovascular events. This athero-protective strategy includes the assessment of novel inflammatory biomarkers such as YKL-40. Recent evidence has implicated YKL-40 in patients with inflammatory diseases and cardio-metabolic disorders, making it potentially useful to evaluate disease severity, prognosis and survival. In this review, we summarize role of YKL-40 in the pathogenesis of cardio-metabolic disorders and explore its use as a novel biomarker for monitoring athero-protective therapy.
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Buyukaydin B, Guler EM, Karaaslan T, Olgac A, Zorlu M, Kiskac M, Kocyigit A. Relationship between diabetic polyneuropathy, serum visfatin, and oxidative stress biomarkers. World J Diabetes 2020; 11:309-321. [PMID: 32843933 PMCID: PMC7415233 DOI: 10.4239/wjd.v11.i7.309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2019] [Revised: 05/08/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetic polyneuropathy is a very common complication of diabetes. Numerous studies are available in terms of pathogenesis. But examination methods with low reliability are still not standardized and generally time consuming. High-sensitive, easy-to-access methods are expected. Biochemical markers are one of the subjects of research. We aimed to discover a potential biomarker that can be used for this purpose in patients with diabetes who have not yet developed symptoms of neuropathy.
AIM To determine the place and availability of visfatin and thiol-disulfide homeostasis in this disorder.
METHODS A total of 392 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus were included in the study. The polyneuropathy clinical signs were evaluated with the Subjective Peripheral Neuropathy Screen Questionnaire and Michigan Neuropathy Screening Instrument questionnaire and examination. The biochemical parameters, oxidative stress markers, visfatin, and thiol-disulfide homeostasis were analyzed and correlated with each other and clinical signs.
RESULTS Subjective Peripheral Neuropathy Screen Questionnaire and Michigan Neuropathy Screening Instrument questionnaire with examination scores were correlated with each other and diabetes duration (P < 0.005). Neuropathy related symptoms were present in 20.7% of the patients, but neuropathy related findings were observed in 43.9% of the patients. Serum glucose, glycated hemoglobin, and visfatin were positively correlated with each other. Also, these parameters were positively correlated with the total oxidative stress index. Total and native thiol was positively correlated with total antioxidant status and negatively with oxidant status. Inversely thiol-disulfide positively correlated with higher glucose and oxidant status and negatively with total antioxidant status (P < 0.005). There was no correlation between visfatin and thiol-disulphide (P = 0.092, r = 0.086). However, a significant negative correlation was observed between visfatin and total with native thiol (P < 0.005, r = -0.338), (P < 0.005, r = -0.448).
CONCLUSION Diagnosis of neuropathy is one of the issues studied in patients with diabetes. Visfatin and thiol-disulfide balance were analyzed for the first time in this study with inspiring results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Banu Buyukaydin
- Department of Internal Medicine, Bezmialem Vakif University Medical Faculty, İstanbul 34093, Turkey
| | - Eray Metin Guler
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Bezmialem Vakif University Medical Faculty, İstanbul 34093, Turkey
| | - Tahsin Karaaslan
- Department of Nephrology, Istanbul Medeniyet University Medical Faculty, İstanbul 34093, Turkey
| | - Atilla Olgac
- Department of Internal Medicine, Bezmialem Vakif University Medical Faculty, İstanbul 34093, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Zorlu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Bezmialem Vakif University Medical Faculty, İstanbul 34093, Turkey
| | - Muharrem Kiskac
- Department of Internal Medicine, Bezmialem Vakif University Medical Faculty, İstanbul 34093, Turkey
| | - Abdurrahim Kocyigit
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Bezmialem Vakif University Medical Faculty, İstanbul 34093, Turkey
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Serinkan Cinemre FB, Cinemre H, Bahtiyar N, Kahyaoğlu B, Ağaç MT, Shundo H, Sevinç L, Aydemir B. Apelin, Omentin-1, and Vaspin in patients with essential hypertension: association of adipokines with trace elements, inflammatory cytokines, and oxidative damage markers. Ir J Med Sci 2020; 190:97-106. [PMID: 32583310 DOI: 10.1007/s11845-020-02272-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hypertension (HT) is a disease associated with endothelial dysfunction which is related to some adipokines and pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines. AIMS Our aim was to investigate roles of apelin, omentin-1, and vaspin in essential HT and to evaluate their relationships with other pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines, trace elements, and oxidative stress. We also investigated these parameters to determine asymptomatic target organ damage period and grading essential hypertension. METHODS One hundred fifty-three patients diagnosed with essential hypertension and 45 healthy controls were included in the study. Hypertension was defined as a systolic blood pressure > 140 mmHg and/or a diastolic blood pressure > 90 mm Hg or current use of an antihypertensive medication. The patients who had secondary HT, other chronic metabolic, cardiovascular, cerebrovascular diseases were excluded. History and physical exam including detailed cardiovascular examination were performed in all participants. Adipokines, cytokines, trace elements, lipid peroxidation, and ischemia-modified albumin levels were measured in blood samples by biochemical methods. RESULTS Vaspin, IL-4, IL-8, IL-10, selenium, and zinc levels were significantly lower in the HT group compared to healthy controls while omentin-1, TNF-α, copper, iron, MDA, SOD, and IMA-C levels were significantly higher in HT patients compared to controls. Multiple ordinal regression revealed that TNF-α, IL-10, and body mass index of patients were statistically significant independent predictors (P = 0.024, P = 0.019, and P = 0.032, respectively) for grading of HT. IL-4 and IL-10 were significantly higher in patients with asymptomatic target organ damage, compared to patients without asymptomatic target organ damage (P = 0.032 and P = 0.015, respectively). Our findings suggest that adipokines apelin, omentin, and vaspin may be involved in hypertension by a complex interaction with the anti- and pro-inflammatory cytokines, trace elements, and oxidative stress pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatma Behice Serinkan Cinemre
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Sakarya University, Korucuk Campus Adapazari, 54290, Sakarya, Turkey.
| | - Hakan Cinemre
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Sakarya University, Sakarya, Turkey
| | - Nurten Bahtiyar
- Department of Biophysics, Cerrahpaşa Medical Faculty, Istanbul University Cerrahpaşa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Behlül Kahyaoğlu
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Sakarya University, Sakarya, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Tarık Ağaç
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Sakarya University, Sakarya, Turkey
| | - Harika Shundo
- Faculty of Medicine, Sakarya University, Sakarya, Turkey
| | - Leyla Sevinç
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Sakarya University, Korucuk Campus Adapazari, 54290, Sakarya, Turkey
| | - Birsen Aydemir
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, Sakarya University, Sakarya, Turkey
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Affiliation(s)
- Liu Yuxiang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo
| | - Katsuhito Fujiu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo.,Department of Advanced Cardiology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo
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The Association of Plasma Apelin Levels with Plaque Vulnerability. MEDICAL BULLETIN OF SISLI ETFAL HOSPITAL 2020; 53:267-271. [PMID: 32377094 PMCID: PMC7192275 DOI: 10.14744/semb.2018.25582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2018] [Accepted: 05/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
Objectives: Apelin is a recently discovered peptide that is expressed in many tissues particularly in the cardiovascular system and exerts several actions, most of which are vasodilatory and positive inotropic effects. Based on this, an apelin deficiency is believed to play a significant role in the development of hypertension and heart failure. However, the association of apelin with the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and especially plaque vulnerability remains unestablished. Thus, to contribute to the literature, in this study, we sought to determine the association of apelin concerning plaque vulnerability in the setting of the acute coronary syndrome. Methods: In this study, we prospectively enrolled a total of 80 patients; 40 with acute coronary syndrome and 40 patients with stable chronic ischemic heart disease. Plasma apelin levels were measured in all patients along with other routine biochemical parameters, and all patients underwent a transthoracic echocardiographic examination. Results: Plasma apelin levels were significantly lower in patients with the acute coronary syndrome (221.2±66.7 vs 254.3±77.9 p=0.04). However, there was no correlation between plasma apelin levels and serum inflammatory markers or coronary artery disease severity. Conclusion: Low plasma apelin levels may create a tendency towards vulnerable plaque and acute coronary syndrome.
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40
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Short-Term Physiological Effects of a Very Low-Calorie Ketogenic Diet: Effects on Adiponectin Levels and Inflammatory States. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21093228. [PMID: 32370212 PMCID: PMC7246656 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21093228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Revised: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Adipose tissue is a multifunctional organ involved in many physiological and metabolic processes through the production of adipokines and, in particular, adiponectin. Caloric restriction is one of the most important strategies against obesity today. The very low-calorie ketogenic diet (VLCKD) represents a type of caloric restriction with very or extremely low daily food energy consumption. This study aimed to investigate the physiological effects of a VLCKD on anthropometric and biochemical parameters such as adiponectin levels, as well as analyzing oligomeric profiles and cytokine serum levels in obese subjects before and after a VLCKD. Twenty obese subjects were enrolled. At baseline and after eight weeks of intervention, anthropometric and biochemical parameters, such as adiponectin levels, were recorded. Our findings showed a significant change in the anthropometric and biochemical parameters of these obese subjects before and after a VLCKD. We found a negative correlation between adiponectin and lipid profile, visceral adipose tissue (VAT), C-reactive protein (CRP), and pro-inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), which confirmed the important involvement of adiponectin in metabolic and inflammatory diseases. We demonstrated the beneficial short-term effects of a VLCKD not only in the treatment of obesity but also in the establishment of obesity-correlated diseases.
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Mourouzis K, Oikonomou E, Siasos G, Tsalamadris S, Vogiatzi G, Antonopoulos A, Fountoulakis P, Goliopoulou A, Papaioannou S, Tousoulis D. Pro-inflammatory Cytokines in Acute Coronary Syndromes. Curr Pharm Des 2020; 26:4624-4647. [PMID: 32282296 DOI: 10.2174/1381612826666200413082353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2019] [Accepted: 04/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Over the last decades, the role of inflammation and immune system activation in the initiation and progression of coronary artery disease (CAD) has been established. OBJECTIVES The study aimed to present the interplay between cytokines and their actions preceding and shortly after ACS. METHODS We searched in a systemic manner the most relevant articles to the topic of inflammation, cytokines, vulnerable plaque and myocardial infarction in MEDLINE, COCHRANE and EMBASE databases. RESULTS Different classes of cytokines (intereleukin [IL]-1 family, Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) family, chemokines, adipokines, interferons) are implicated in the entire process leading to destabilization of the atherosclerotic plaque, and consequently, to the incidence of myocardial infarction. Especially IL-1 and TNF-α family are involved in inflammatory cell accumulation, vulnerable plaque formation, platelet aggregation, cardiomyocyte apoptosis and adverse remodeling following the myocardial infarction. Several cytokines such as IL-6, adiponectin, interferon-γ, appear with significant prognostic value in ACS patients. Thus, research interest focuses on the modulation of inflammation in ACS to improve clinical outcomes. CONCLUSION Understanding the unique characteristics that accompany each cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction could illuminate the signaling pathways involved in plaque destabilization and indicate future treatment strategies to improve cardiovascular prognosis in ACS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantinos Mourouzis
- 1st Department of Cardiology, 'Hippokration' Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Evangelos Oikonomou
- 1st Department of Cardiology, 'Hippokration' Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Gerasimos Siasos
- 1st Department of Cardiology, 'Hippokration' Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Sotiris Tsalamadris
- 1st Department of Cardiology, 'Hippokration' Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Georgia Vogiatzi
- 1st Department of Cardiology, 'Hippokration' Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Alexios Antonopoulos
- 1st Department of Cardiology, 'Hippokration' Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Petros Fountoulakis
- 1st Department of Cardiology, 'Hippokration' Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Athina Goliopoulou
- 1st Department of Cardiology, 'Hippokration' Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Spyridon Papaioannou
- 1st Department of Cardiology, 'Hippokration' Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Dimitris Tousoulis
- 1st Department of Cardiology, 'Hippokration' Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
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Ragino YI, Stakhneva EM, Polonskaya YV, Kashtanova EV. The Role of Secretory Activity Molecules of Visceral Adipocytes in Abdominal Obesity in the Development of Cardiovascular Disease: A Review. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10030374. [PMID: 32121175 PMCID: PMC7175189 DOI: 10.3390/biom10030374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2019] [Revised: 02/25/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Adipose tissue is considered one of the endocrine organs in the body because of its ability to synthesize and release a large number of hormones, cytokines, and growth and vasoactive factors that influence a variety of physiological and pathophysiological processes, such as vascular tone, inflammation, vascular smooth muscle cell migration, endothelial function, and vascular redox state. Moreover, genetic factors substantially contribute to the risk of obesity. Research into the biochemical effects of molecules secreted by visceral adipocytes as well as their molecular genetic characteristics is actively conducted around the world mostly in relation to pathologies of the cardiovascular system, metabolic syndrome, and diabetes mellitus. Adipokines could be developed into biomarkers for diagnosis, prognosis, and therapeutic targets in different diseases. This review describes the relevance of secretory activity molecules of visceral adipocytes in cardiovascular disease associated abdominal obesity.
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Gutierrez-Hervas A, Gómez-Martínez S, Izquierdo-Gómez R, Veiga OL, Perez-Bey A, Castro-Piñero J, Marcos A. Inflammation and fatness in adolescents with and without Down syndrome: UP & DOWN study. JOURNAL OF INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY RESEARCH : JIDR 2020; 64:170-179. [PMID: 31858639 DOI: 10.1111/jir.12697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2019] [Revised: 10/08/2019] [Accepted: 10/09/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The main objective of this study was to describe the inflammatory status of adolescents with Down syndrome (DS) and their relationship with adiposity. METHODS Ninety-five adolescents with DS (44.2% girls) and a control group of 113 adolescents (47.8% girls), aged between 11 and 18 years old, from the UP & DOWN study were included in this substudy. Serum C-reactive protein, C3 and C4 complement factors, total proteins, interleukin-6, tumour necrosis factor-α, insulin, cortisol, leptin, adiponectin, galactin-3 and visfatin were analysed; homeostatic model assessment index was calculated. In order to evaluate adiposity, we measured the following body fat variables: weight, height, waist circumference and skinfold thicknesses. Birth weight was obtained by questionnaire. In addition, body mass index, waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) and body fat percentage (BF%) were calculated. RESULTS Down syndrome group showed higher levels of body mass index, WHtR, waist circumference, BF% and lower birth weight than controls (P < 0.001). In the general linear model in the total sample, WHtR was positively associated with C3 and C4 (P < 0.001) as well as with leptin levels (P = 0.015). BF% was positively associated with total proteins (P = 0.093) and leptin levels (P < 0.001). DS was positively associated with total proteins (P < 0.001), C3 (P = 0.047) and C4 (P = 0.019). Despite the higher levels of adiposity found in DS group, no direct association was found between BF% and leptin levels, comparing with the control group. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that abdominal obesity should be controlled in adolescents because of its relationship with acute phase-inflammatory biomarkers but especially in DS adolescents who may show a peculiar metabolic status according to their relationship between adiposity and inflammatory biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Gutierrez-Hervas
- Nursing Department, University of Alicante, Alicante, Spain
- Department of Nutrition and Metabolism (DMN), Institute of Food Science, Technology and Nutrition (ICTAN), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - S Gómez-Martínez
- Department of Nutrition and Metabolism (DMN), Institute of Food Science, Technology and Nutrition (ICTAN), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - R Izquierdo-Gómez
- Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Education Sciences, University of Cádiz, Puerto Real, Spain
- Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Education, Universidad Central de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - O L Veiga
- Department of Physical Education, Sport and Human Movement, Faculty of Education, Autonomous University of Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria de Cantoblanco, Madrid, Spain
| | - A Perez-Bey
- Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Education Sciences, University of Cádiz, Puerto Real, Spain
| | - J Castro-Piñero
- Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Education Sciences, University of Cádiz, Puerto Real, Spain
| | - A Marcos
- Department of Nutrition and Metabolism (DMN), Institute of Food Science, Technology and Nutrition (ICTAN), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
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Adipokines and Adipose Tissue-Related Metabolites, Nuts and Cardiovascular Disease. Metabolites 2020; 10:metabo10010032. [PMID: 31940832 PMCID: PMC7022531 DOI: 10.3390/metabo10010032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2019] [Revised: 01/06/2020] [Accepted: 01/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Adipose tissue is a complex structure responsible for fat storage and releasing polypeptides (adipokines) and metabolites, with systemic actions including body weight balance, appetite regulation, glucose homeostasis, and blood pressure control. Signals sent from different tissues are generated and integrated in adipose tissue; thus, there is a close connection between this endocrine organ and different organs and systems such as the gut and the cardiovascular system. It is known that functional foods, especially different nuts, may be related to a net of molecular mechanisms contributing to cardiometabolic health. Despite being energy-dense foods, nut consumption has been associated with no weight gain, weight loss, and lower risk of becoming overweight or obese. Several studies have reported beneficial effects after nut consumption on glucose control, appetite suppression, metabolites related to adipose tissue and gut microbiota, and on adipokines due to their fatty acid profile, vegetable proteins, l-arginine, dietary fibers, vitamins, minerals, and phytosterols. The aim of this review is to briefly describe possible mechanisms implicated in weight homeostasis related to different nuts, as well as studies that have evaluated the effects of nut consumption on adipokines and metabolites related to adipose tissue and gut microbiota in animal models, healthy individuals, and primary and secondary cardiovascular prevention.
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Niedziela M, Wojciechowska M, Zarębiński M, Cudnoch-Jędrzejewska A, Mazurek T. Adiponectin promotes ischemic heart preconditioning- PRO and CON. Cytokine 2020; 127:154981. [PMID: 31911263 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2019.154981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2019] [Revised: 12/07/2019] [Accepted: 12/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Niedziela
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Physiology, Laboratory of Center for Preclinical Research, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Wojciechowska
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Physiology, Laboratory of Center for Preclinical Research, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland; Independent Public Specialist Western Hospital John Paul II in Grodzisk Mazowiecki, Poland.
| | - Maciej Zarębiński
- Independent Public Specialist Western Hospital John Paul II in Grodzisk Mazowiecki, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Cudnoch-Jędrzejewska
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Physiology, Laboratory of Center for Preclinical Research, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Tomasz Mazurek
- 1st Chair and Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Warsaw, Poland
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Wu Q, Chen Y, Chen S, Wu X, Nong W. Correlation between adiponectin, chemerin, vascular endothelial growth factor and epicardial fat volume in patients with coronary artery disease. Exp Ther Med 2019; 19:1095-1102. [PMID: 32010275 PMCID: PMC6966190 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2019.8299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2019] [Accepted: 09/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Epicardial fat, a local visceral fat depot surrounded by visceral pericardial sac, surrounds the coronary arteries for most of their course and may contribute to the development of coronary atherosclerosis by local production of inflammatory cytokines. Some studies on non-invasive measurement of epicardial fat mass have shown that epicardial fat mass is associated with the increased incidence of coronary artery disease (CAD), onset and progression of coronary plaque, mainly including major adverse cardiovascular events, myocardial ischemia, and atrial fibrillation. In the present study the correlation of adiponectin, chemerin, and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) with the epicardial fat volume in patients with coronary artery disease was explored, and the risk factors for vascular remodeling of CAD patients were analyzed. A total of 50 CAD patients, treated in Chongzuo People's Hospital from August 2017 to September 2018, were enrolled as the observation group, and further 50 healthy individuals, who underwent physical examinations in the hospital at the same period, were enrolled as the control group. RT-qPCR was adopted to detect the expression levels of adiponectin, chemerin and VEGF in the two groups, a 64-slice dual-source CT to detect epicardial fat volume, and Pearson's correlation to analyze adiponectin, chemerin, VEGF and epicardial fat volume. Logistic regression analysis was performed to analyze the risk factors for vascular remodeling in CAD patients, and a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was used to analyze the value of indexes with multifactorial significance in vascular remodeling. The observation group showed obviously larger epicardial fat volume than the control group (P<0.001), lower adiponectin expression than the control group (P<0.001), and higher chemerin and VEGF expression than the control group (P<0.001). In the observation group, adiponectin expression decreased with the increase of epicardial fat volume (P<0.001), while the expression of chemerin and VEGF increased with the increase of epicardial fat volume (P<0.001). Remodeling occurred in 27 of the 50 patients. ROC curve analysis showed that the areas under the curves of adiponectin, chemerin, VEGF and epicardial fat volume were 0.697, 0.652, 0.696 and 0.689, respectively. Epicardial fat volume, adiponectin, chemerin and VEGF are independent risk factors for vascular remodeling and the expression of adiponectin, chemerin and VEGF can reflect epicardial fat volume.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qixin Wu
- Department of Radiology, Chongzuo People's Hospital, Chongzuo, Guangxi 532200, P.R. China
| | - Yuxiang Chen
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Chongzuo People's Hospital, Chongzuo, Guangxi 532200, P.R. China
| | - Song Chen
- Department of Radiology, The People's Hospital of Qinzhou, Qinzhou, Guangxi 535000, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoqiu Wu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Chongzuo People's Hospital, Chongzuo, Guangxi 532200, P.R. China
| | - Weixia Nong
- Department of Physiology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
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Hernández-Rodríguez CE, Estrada-Zúñiga CM, De la O-Cavazos ME, García-Rodríguez F, Rodríguez-Balderrama I, Zapata-Castilleja CA, Treviño-Garza C. Differences in omentin-1 levels in term newborns according to birth weight. Early Hum Dev 2019; 139:104842. [PMID: 31476543 DOI: 10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2019.104842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2019] [Revised: 07/29/2019] [Accepted: 08/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adipokines are produced by adipose tissue and are involved in metabolic processes. Omentin-1 is an adipokine that has been shown in vitro to possibly be involved in insulin sensitivity modulation. The prenatal stage is a crucial period for development of metabolic diseases in the long term, therefore, small (SGA) and large (LGA) for gestational age newborns have an increased risk of type 2 diabetes and metabolic syndrome later in life. AIMS To evaluate the differences in omentin-1 concentrations in umbilical cord blood from healthy term newborns according to birth weight and explore the association between omentin-1 and anthropometry, glucose, insulin and insulin sensitivity. STUDY DESIGN This was a secondary analysis of stored umbilical cord blood of term newborns. SUBJECTS Newborns classified according to birth weight as SGA (n = 30), adequate for gestational age (AGA) (n = 12) and LGA (n = 34). OUTCOME MEASURES An analysis of omentin-1, glucose and insulin were performed. RESULTS Differences were found in serum omentin-1 levels (ng/mL) between SGA 328.17 ± 108.04, AGA 253.05 ± 98.25 and LGA 250.91 ± 100.48 (p = 0.009). In the linear regression analysis, the independent variables HOMA-IR, QUICK-I and FGIR were predictors of serum omentin-1 levels (r = 0.175, p = 0.003). CONCLUSIONS Omentin-1 cord blood levels have a differentiated behavior according to weight for gestational age with LGA newborns having lower levels and SGA newborns higher levels. HOMA-IR, QUICK-I and FGIR weakly predicted omentin-1 in cord blood, suggesting that omentin-1 possibly has an implication in insulin sensitivity since birth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Citlalli E Hernández-Rodríguez
- Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Facultad de Medicina y Hospital Universitario "Dr. Jose E. Gonzalez", Department of Pediatrics, Monterrey, Mexico
| | - Cynthia M Estrada-Zúñiga
- Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Facultad de Medicina y Hospital Universitario "Dr. Jose E. Gonzalez", Department of Pediatrics, Monterrey, Mexico
| | - Manuel E De la O-Cavazos
- Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Facultad de Medicina y Hospital Universitario "Dr. Jose E. Gonzalez", Department of Pediatrics, Monterrey, Mexico
| | - Fernando García-Rodríguez
- Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Facultad de Medicina y Hospital Universitario "Dr. Jose E. Gonzalez", Department of Pediatrics, Monterrey, Mexico
| | - Isaías Rodríguez-Balderrama
- Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Facultad de Medicina y Hospital Universitario "Dr. Jose E. Gonzalez", Department of Pediatrics, Monterrey, Mexico
| | - Carlos A Zapata-Castilleja
- Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Facultad de Medicina y Hospital Universitario "Dr. Jose E. Gonzalez", Department of Pediatrics, Monterrey, Mexico
| | - Consuelo Treviño-Garza
- Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Facultad de Medicina y Hospital Universitario "Dr. Jose E. Gonzalez", Department of Pediatrics, Monterrey, Mexico.
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Smékal A, Václavík J, Stejskal D, Benešová K, Jarkovský J, Svobodová G, Richterová R, Švesták M, Táborský M. Plasma levels and leucocyte RNA expression of adipokines in young patients with coronary artery disease, in metabolic syndrome and healthy controls. Cytokine 2019; 122:154017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2017.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2016] [Revised: 03/14/2017] [Accepted: 03/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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Ismaiel A, Dumitraşcu DL. Cardiovascular Risk in Fatty Liver Disease: The Liver-Heart Axis-Literature Review. Front Med (Lausanne) 2019; 6:202. [PMID: 31616668 PMCID: PMC6763690 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2019.00202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2019] [Accepted: 08/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
According to the World Health Organization, cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains the leading cause of death worldwide, accounting for approximately 18 million deaths per year. Nevertheless, the worldwide prevalence of metabolic diseases, such as type 2 diabetes mellitus, obesity, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), also known to be common risk factors for CVD, have dramatically increased over the last decades. Chronic alcohol consumption is a major cause of chronic liver diseases (CLD) as well as being a major health care cost expenditure accounting for the spending of tremendous amounts of money annually. NAFLD has become one of the major diseases plaguing the world while standing as the most common cause of liver disease in the Western countries by representing about 75% of all CLD. Currently, the most common cause of death in NAFLD remains to be CVD. Several mechanisms have been suggested to be responsible for associating FLD with CVD through several mechanisms including low-grade systemic inflammation, oxidative stress, adipokines, endoplasmic reticulum stress, lipotoxicity and microbiota dysbiosis which may also be influenced by other factors such as genetic and epigenetic variations. Despite of all this evidence, the exact mechanisms of how FLD can causally contribute to CVD are not fully elucidated and much remains unknown. Moreover, the current literature supports the increasing evidence associating FLD with several cardiovascular (CV) adverse events including coronary artery disease, increased subclinical atherosclerosis risk, structural alterations mainly left ventricular hypertrophy, increased epicardial fat thickness, valvular calcifications including aortic valve sclerosis and mitral annular calcification and functional cardiac modifications mainly diastolic dysfunction in addition to cardiac arrhythmias such as atrial fibrillation and ventricular arrythmias and conduction defects including atrioventricular blocks and bundle branch blocks. Patients with FLD should be evaluated and managed accordingly in order to prevent further complications. Possible management methods include non-pharmacological strategies including life style modifications, pharmacological therapies as well as surgical management. This review aims to summarize the current state of knowledge regarding the pathophysiological mechanisms linking FLD with an increased CV risk, in addition to associated CV adverse events and current management modalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdulrahman Ismaiel
- Iuliu Haţieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.,2nd Department of Internal Medicine, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Dan L Dumitraşcu
- Iuliu Haţieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.,2nd Department of Internal Medicine, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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Hernández-Rodríguez CE, Estrada Zúñiga CM, De la O-Cavazos ME, Montes-Tapia FF, Gerez-Martínez P, Lavalle-González FJ, Garza CT. Vaspin, a Compensatory Mechanism Against High Glucose Levels Since Birth? J Clin Res Pediatr Endocrinol 2019; 11:125-131. [PMID: 30325336 PMCID: PMC6571537 DOI: 10.4274/jcrpe.galenos.2018.2018.0141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Hormones produced by fat tissue, adipokines, produced during intrauterine life have recently been implicated in fetal growth. Vaspin is an adipokine expressed in visceral adipose tissue and has insulin-sensitizing effects. Elevated serum vaspin concentrations are associated with alterations in insulin sensitivity. We aimed to determine if vaspin concentrations in cord blood from healthy, term newborns differ among those born small for gestational age (SGA), appropriate for gestational age (AGA), and large for gestational age (LGA). A secondary objective was to determine whether an association existed between vaspin and anthropometric measurements, glucose and insulin levels in the newborn. METHODS The study population included healthy term newborns, 30 subjects in the SGA, 12 in the AGA, and 34 in the LGA group. Anthropometry was documented in all subjects. Blood was taken from the umbilical cord vein from each child for later analysis for vaspin, insulin and glucose concentrations. RESULTS Cord blood vaspin, insulin and glucose concentrations were not different between the three study groups. A negative correlation between vaspin and glucose concentrations was demonstrated in the whole cohort (r=-0.364, p=0.001). This correlation was also observed in the LGA group (r=-0.482, p=0.004). Glucose concentrations significantly predicted vaspin concentrations (r2=0.132, p=0.001). CONCLUSION We found a negative association between glucose and vaspin concentrations in umbilical cord blood. In addition there was a predictive association between blood glucose and resulting vaspin concentration, suggesting that vaspin can be used as a predictor of alterations in the insulin-glucose metabolism from birth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Citlalli E. Hernández-Rodríguez
- Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon, Facultad de Medicina y Hospital Univeristario “Dr. Jose E. Gonzalez”, Department of Pediatrics, Monterrey, Mexico
| | - Cynthia M. Estrada Zúñiga
- Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon, Facultad de Medicina y Hospital Univeristario “Dr. Jose E. Gonzalez”, Department of Pediatrics, Monterrey, Mexico
| | - Manuel E. De la O-Cavazos
- Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon, Facultad de Medicina y Hospital Univeristario “Dr. Jose E. Gonzalez”, Department of Pediatrics, Monterrey, Mexico
| | - Fernando F. Montes-Tapia
- Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon, Facultad de Medicina y Hospital Univeristario “Dr. Jose E. Gonzalez”, Department of Pediatrics, Monterrey, Mexico
| | - Patricia Gerez-Martínez
- Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon, Facultad de Medicina y Hospital Univeristario “Dr. Jose E. Gonzalez”, Department of Pediatrics, Monterrey, Mexico
| | - Fernando J. Lavalle-González
- Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon, Facultad de Medicina y Hospital Univeristario “Dr. Jose E. Gonzalez”, Department of Endocrinology, Monterrey, Mexico
| | - Consuelo Treviño Garza
- Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon, Facultad de Medicina y Hospital Univeristario “Dr. Jose E. Gonzalez”, Department of Pediatrics, Monterrey, Mexico,* Address for Correspondence: Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon, Facultad de Medicina y Hospital Univeristario “Dr. Jose E. Gonzalez”, Department of Pediatrics, Monterrey, Mexico Phone: +52(81)83469959 E-mail:
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