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Jamison JK, Zhou M, Gelmann EP, Luk L, Bates SE, Califano A, Fojo T. Entinostat in patients with relapsed or refractory abdominal neuroendocrine tumors. Oncologist 2024:oyae118. [PMID: 38886159 DOI: 10.1093/oncolo/oyae118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (GEP-NETs) are rare neoplasms with an increasing annual incidence and prevalence. Many are metastatic at presentation or recur following surgical resection and require systemic therapy, for which somatostatin analogs such as octreotide or lanreotide comprise typical first-line therapies. Nonetheless, treatment options remain limited. Epigenetic processes such as histone modifications have been implicated in malignant transformation and progression. In this study, we evaluated the anti-proliferative effects of a histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor, entinostat, which was computationally predicted to show anti-cancer activity, as confirmed in in vitro and in vivo models of GEP-NETs. METHODS This was a phase II study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of entinostat in patients with relapsed or refractory abdominal NETs. The primary objective was to estimate the objective response rate to entinostat. Additionally, with each patient as his/her own control we estimated the rates of tumor growth prior to enrollment on study and while receiving entinostat. Patients received 5 mg entinostat weekly until disease progression or intolerable toxicity. The dose could be changed to 10 mg biweekly for patients who did not experience grade ≥ 2 treatment-related adverse events (AEs) in cycle 1, but was primarily administered at the starting 5 mg weekly dose. RESULTS The study enrolled only 5 patients due to early termination by the drug sponsor. The first patient that enrolled had advanced disease and died within days of enrollment before follow-up imaging due to a grade 5 AE unrelated to study treatment and was considered non-evaluable. Best RECIST response for the remaining 4 patients was stable disease (SD) with time on study of 154+, 243, 574, and 741 days. With each patient as his/her own control, rates of tumor growth on entinostat were markedly reduced with rates 20%, 33%, 54%, and 68% of the rates prior to enrollment on study. Toxicities possibly or definitely related to entinostat included grade 2/3 neutrophil count decrease [2/4 (50%)/ 2/4 (50%)], grade 3 hypophosphatemia [1/4, (25%)], grade 1/2 fatigue [1/4 (25%)/ 2/4 (50%)], and other self-limiting grade 1/2 AEs. CONCLUSION In the treatment of relapsed or refractory abdominal NETs, entinostat 5 mg weekly led to prolonged SD and reduced the rate of tumor growth by 32% to 80% with an acceptable safety profile (ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03211988).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mengxi Zhou
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology Oncology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
| | | | - Lyndon Luk
- Department of Radiology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Susan E Bates
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology Oncology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Andrea Califano
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology Oncology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
- Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
- Chan Zuckerberg Biohub New York, New York, NY, United States
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, United States
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, United States
| | - Tito Fojo
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology Oncology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
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Bártová E. Epigenetic and gene therapy in human and veterinary medicine. ENVIRONMENTAL EPIGENETICS 2024; 10:dvae006. [PMID: 38751572 PMCID: PMC11095531 DOI: 10.1093/eep/dvae006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
Gene therapy is a focus of interest in both human and veterinary medicine, especially in recent years due to the potential applications of CRISPR/Cas9 technology. Another relatively new approach is that of epigenetic therapy, which involves an intervention based on epigenetic marks, including DNA methylation, histone post-translational modifications, and post-transcription modifications of distinct RNAs. The epigenome results from enzymatic reactions, which regulate gene expression without altering DNA sequences. In contrast to conventional CRISP/Cas9 techniques, the recently established methodology of epigenetic editing mediated by the CRISPR/dCas9 system is designed to target specific genes without causing DNA breaks. Both natural epigenetic processes and epigenetic editing regulate gene expression and thereby contribute to maintaining the balance between physiological functions and pathophysiological states. From this perspective, knowledge of specific epigenetic marks has immense potential in both human and veterinary medicine. For instance, the use of epigenetic drugs (chemical compounds with therapeutic potential affecting the epigenome) seems to be promising for the treatment of cancer, metabolic, and infectious diseases. Also, there is evidence that an epigenetic diet (nutrition-like factors affecting epigenome) should be considered as part of a healthy lifestyle and could contribute to the prevention of pathophysiological processes. In summary, epigenetic-based approaches in human and veterinary medicine have increasing significance in targeting aberrant gene expression associated with various diseases. In this case, CRISPR/dCas9, epigenetic targeting, and some epigenetic nutrition factors could contribute to reversing an abnormal epigenetic landscape to a healthy physiological state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Bártová
- Department of Cell Biology and Epigenetics, Institute of Biophysics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Brno, 612 00, the Czech Republic
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Adiga D, Eswaran S, Sriharikrishnaa S, Khan NG, Prasada Kabekkodu S, Kumar D. Epigenetics of Alzheimer’s Disease: Past, Present and Future. ENZYMATIC TARGETS FOR DRUG DISCOVERY AGAINST ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE 2023:27-72. [DOI: 10.2174/9789815136142123010005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) exemplifies a looming epidemic lacking effective
treatment and manifests with the accumulation of neurofibrillary tangles, amyloid-β
plaques, neuroinflammation, behavioral changes, and acute cognitive impairments. It is
a complex, multifactorial disorder that arises from the intricate interaction between
environment and genetic factors, restrained via epigenetic machinery. Though the
research progress has improved the understanding of clinical manifestations and
disease advancement, the causal mechanism of detrimental consequences remains
undefined. Despite the substantial improvement in recent diagnostic modalities, it is
challenging to distinguish AD from other forms of dementia. Accurate diagnosis is a
major glitch in AD as it banks on the symptoms and clinical criteria. Several studies are
underway in exploring novel and reliable biomarkers for AD. In this direction,
epigenetic alterations have transpired as key modulators in AD pathogenesis with the
impeding inferences for the management of this neurological disorder. The present
chapter aims to discuss the significance of epigenetic modifications reported in the
pathophysiology of AD such as DNA methylation, hydroxy-methylation, methylation
of mtDNA, histone modifications, and noncoding RNAs. Additionally, the chapter also
describes the possible therapeutic avenues that target epigenetic modifications in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Divya Adiga
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy
of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal – 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Sangavi Eswaran
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy
of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal – 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - S. Sriharikrishnaa
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy
of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal – 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Nadeem G. Khan
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy
of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal – 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Shama Prasada Kabekkodu
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy
of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal – 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Dileep Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Poona College of Pharmacy, Bharati Vidyapeeth
(Deemed to be University), Erandwane, Pune – 411038, Maharashtra, India
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Ahmed K, Jha S. Oncoviruses: How do they hijack their host and current treatment regimes. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2023; 1878:188960. [PMID: 37507056 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2023.188960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
Viruses have the ability to modulate the cellular machinery of their host to ensure their survival. While humans encounter numerous viruses daily, only a select few can lead to disease progression. Some of these viruses can amplify cancer-related traits, particularly when coupled with factors like immunosuppression and co-carcinogens. The global burden of cancer development resulting from viral infections is approximately 12%, and it arises as an unfortunate consequence of persistent infections that cause chronic inflammation, genomic instability from viral genome integration, and dysregulation of tumor suppressor genes and host oncogenes involved in normal cell growth. This review provides an in-depth discussion of oncoviruses and their strategies for hijacking the host's cellular machinery to induce cancer. It delves into how viral oncogenes drive tumorigenesis by targeting key cell signaling pathways. Additionally, the review discusses current therapeutic approaches that have been approved or are undergoing clinical trials to combat malignancies induced by oncoviruses. Understanding the intricate interactions between viruses and host cells can lead to the development of more effective treatments for virus-induced cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kainat Ahmed
- Department of Physiological Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA
| | - Sudhakar Jha
- Department of Physiological Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA.
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Milunović V, Smoljanović IM, Patekar MB, Zatezalo V, Kursar M, Radić-Krišto D, Kolonić SO, Gašparov S. First-Line Therapy for Nodal T-cell Non-Hodgkin Lymphomas: an Unmet Need in Hematology. Curr Oncol Rep 2023; 25:813-824. [PMID: 37043116 DOI: 10.1007/s11912-023-01400-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/13/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSEOF REVIEW The main aim of this review is to summarize first-line therapy of nodal T-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma. RECENT FINDINGS Current treatment with CHOP chemotherapy results in poor outcomes in the majority of patients. However, there are advances within the field. First breakthrough is the ECHELON-2 trial which showed that the addition of brentuximab vedotin improves outcomes in anaplastic large cell lymphoma. However, other types of peripheral T-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma were underrepresented with optimal treatment not known. Second breakthrough is an increase of autologous stem cell transplantation usage in the first complete metabolic remission, except in ALK + anaplastic large cell lymphoma, offering better disease control. Despite advances in the field, CHOP remains the standard treatment for the majority of these lymphomas, but multiple trials are underway with the aim to improve this unmet need in hematology and, hopefully, leading us to a new era in the treatment of peripheral T-cell lymphomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vibor Milunović
- Division of Hematology, Clinical Hospital Merkur, Zajčeva 19, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Inga Mandac Smoljanović
- Division of Hematology, Clinical Hospital Merkur, Zajčeva 19, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia
- School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | | | - Viktor Zatezalo
- Division of Hematology, Clinical Hospital Merkur, Zajčeva 19, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Marin Kursar
- Division of Hematology, Clinical Hospital Merkur, Zajčeva 19, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Delfa Radić-Krišto
- Division of Hematology, Clinical Hospital Merkur, Zajčeva 19, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia
- School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Slobodanka Ostojić Kolonić
- Division of Hematology, Clinical Hospital Merkur, Zajčeva 19, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia
- School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Slavko Gašparov
- School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
- Clinical Department of Pathology and Cytology, Clinical Hospital Merkur, Zagreb, Croatia
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Yang P, Tao Y, Zhao A, Shen K, Li H, Wang J, Zhou H, Wang Z, Wang M, Qu Y, Zhang L, Zheng Y, Niu T. Efficacy and safety of histone deacetylase inhibitors in peripheral T-cell lymphoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis on prospective clinical trials. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1127112. [PMID: 37384289 PMCID: PMC10293743 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1127112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The overall survival of peripheral T-cell lymphoma (PTCL) is dismal. Histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors have exhibited promising treatment outcomes for PTCL patients. Therefore, this work aims to systematically evaluate the treatment outcome and safety profile of HDAC inhibitor-based treatment for untreated and relapsed/refractory (R/R) PTCL patients. Methods The prospective clinical trials of HDAC inhibitors for the treatment of PTCL were searched on the Web of Science, PubMed, Embase, ClinicalTrials.gov, and Cochrane Library database. The pooled overall response rate, complete response (CR) rate, and partial response rate were measured. The risk of adverse events was evaluated. Moreover, the subgroup analysis was utilized to assess the efficacy among different HDAC inhibitors and efficacy in different PTCL subtypes. Results For untreated PTCL, 502 patients in seven studies were involved, and the pooled CR rate was 44% (95% CI, 39-48%). For R/R PTCL patients, there were 16 studies included, and the CR rate was 14% (95% CI, 11-16%). The HDAC inhibitor-based combination therapy exhibited better efficacy when compared with HDAC inhibitor monotherapy for R/R PTCL patients (P = 0.02). In addition, the pooled CR rate was 17% (95% CI, 13-22%), 10% (95% CI, 5-15%), and 10% (95% CI, 5-15%) in the romidepsin, belinostat, and chidamide monotherapy subgroups, respectively. In the R/R angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma subgroup, the pooled ORR was 44% (95% CI, 35-53%), higher than other subtypes. A total of 18 studies were involved in the safety assessment of treatment-related adverse events. Thrombocytopenia and nausea were the most common hematological and non-hematological adverse events, respectively. Conclusion This meta-analysis demonstrated that HDAC inhibitors were effective treatment options for untreated and R/R PTCL patients. The combination of HDAC inhibitor and chemotherapy exhibited superior efficacy to HDAC inhibitor monotherapy in the R/R PTCL setting. Additionally, HDAC inhibitor-based therapy had higher efficacy in angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma patients than that in other subtypes.
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Ribeiro ML, Sánchez Vinces S, Mondragon L, Roué G. Epigenetic targets in B- and T-cell lymphomas: latest developments. Ther Adv Hematol 2023; 14:20406207231173485. [PMID: 37273421 PMCID: PMC10236259 DOI: 10.1177/20406207231173485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (NHLs) comprise a diverse group of diseases, either of mature B-cell or of T-cell derivation, characterized by heterogeneous molecular features and clinical manifestations. While most of the patients are responsive to standard chemotherapy, immunotherapy, radiation and/or stem cell transplantation, relapsed and/or refractory cases still have a dismal outcome. Deep sequencing analysis have pointed out that epigenetic dysregulations, including mutations in epigenetic enzymes, such as chromatin modifiers and DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs), are prevalent in both B- cell and T-cell lymphomas. Accordingly, over the past decade, a large number of epigenetic-modifying agents have been developed and introduced into the clinical management of these entities, and a few specific inhibitors have already been approved for clinical use. Here we summarize the main epigenetic alterations described in B- and T-NHL, that further supported the clinical development of a selected set of epidrugs in determined diseases, including inhibitors of DNMTs, histone deacetylases (HDACs), and extra-terminal domain proteins (bromodomain and extra-terminal motif; BETs). Finally, we highlight the most promising future directions of research in this area, explaining how bioinformatics approaches can help to identify new epigenetic targets in B- and T-cell lymphoid neoplasms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcelo Lima Ribeiro
- Lymphoma Translational Group, Josep Carreras
Leukaemia Research Institute, Badalona, Spain
- Laboratory of Immunopharmacology and Molecular
Biology, Sao Francisco University Medical School, Braganca Paulista,
Brazil
| | - Salvador Sánchez Vinces
- Laboratory of Immunopharmacology and Molecular
Biology, Sao Francisco University Medical School, Braganca Paulista,
Brazil
| | - Laura Mondragon
- T Cell Lymphoma Group, Josep Carreras Leukaemia
Research Institute, IJC. Ctra de Can Ruti, Camí de les Escoles s/n, 08916
Badalona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gael Roué
- Lymphoma Translational Group, Josep Carreras
Leukaemia Research Institute, IJC. Ctra de Can Ruti, Camí de les Escoles
s/n, 08916 Badalona, Barcelona, Spain
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8
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Dong Y, Yan J, Yang M, Xu W, Hu Z, Paquet-Durand F, Jiao K. Inherited Retinal Degeneration: Towards the Development of a Combination Therapy Targeting Histone Deacetylase, Poly (ADP-Ribose) Polymerase, and Calpain. Biomolecules 2023; 13:biom13040581. [PMID: 37189329 DOI: 10.3390/biom13040581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 03/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Inherited retinal degeneration (IRD) represents a diverse group of gene mutation-induced blinding diseases. In IRD, the loss of photoreceptors is often connected to excessive activation of histone-deacetylase (HDAC), poly-ADP-ribose-polymerase (PARP), and calpain-type proteases (calpain). Moreover, the inhibition of either HDACs, PARPs, or calpains has previously shown promise in preventing photoreceptor cell death, although the relationship between these enzyme groups remains unclear. To explore this further, organotypic retinal explant cultures derived from wild-type mice and rd1 mice as a model for IRD were treated with different combinations of inhibitors specific for HDAC, PARP, and calpain. The outcomes were assessed using in situ activity assays for HDAC, PARP, and calpain, immunostaining for activated calpain-2, and the TUNEL assay for cell death detection. We confirmed that inhibition of either HDAC, PARP, or calpain reduced rd1 mouse photoreceptor degeneration, with the HDAC inhibitor Vorinostat (SAHA) being most effective. Calpain activity was reduced by inhibition of both HDAC and PARP whereas PARP activity was only reduced by HDAC inhibition. Unexpectedly, combined treatment with either PARP and calpain inhibitors or HDAC and calpain inhibitors did not produce synergistic rescue of photoreceptors. Together, these results indicate that in rd1 photoreceptors, HDAC, PARP, and calpain are part of the same degenerative pathway and are activated in a sequence that begins with HDAC and ends with calpain.
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Feld J, Tremblay D, Navada SC, Silverman LR. Ascertaining QUAZARs: slow-motion and light-speed development of oral azacitidine and decitabine. Leuk Lymphoma 2023; 64:525-539. [PMID: 36370098 DOI: 10.1080/10428194.2022.2142051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML) are devastating diseases that frequently rely on the use of parenteral hypomethylating agents (HMAs), either as monotherapy or in combination, as first-line treatment for many patients. Two new oral HMAs, decitabine/cedazuridine (DC) for use in place of azacitidine or decitabine in MDS, and azacitidine (CC-486) for use as maintenance treatment in AML, were recently approved by the FDA. We will discuss the development of these oral HMAs, including the advantages/disadvantages in transitioning to oral HMAs and an in depth look at the pivotal phase III trials that led to their FDA approval - ASCERTAIN for DC and QUAZAR-AML-001 for CC-486. We also review how these agents have been and are being studied in other malignancies, and examine the future role that these exciting novel agents will play in both MDS and AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Feld
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Douglas Tremblay
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Shyamala C Navada
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Lewis R Silverman
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
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Sun P, Wang J, Khan KS, Yang W, Ng BWL, Ilment N, Zessin M, Bülbül EF, Robaa D, Erdmann F, Schmidt M, Romier C, Schutkowski M, Cheng ASL, Sippl W. Development of Alkylated Hydrazides as Highly Potent and Selective Class I Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors with T cell Modulatory Properties. J Med Chem 2022; 65:16313-16337. [PMID: 36449385 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.2c01132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Histone deacetylases (HDACs) are epigenetic regulators and additionally control the activity of non-histone substrates. We recently demonstrated that inhibition of HDAC8 overexpressed in various of cancers reduces hepatocellular carcinoma tumorigenicity in a T cell-dependent manner. Here, we present alkylated hydrazide-based class I HDAC inhibitors in which the n-hexyl side chain attached to the hydrazide moiety shows HDAC8 selectivity in vitro. Analysis of the mode of inhibition of the most promising compound 7d against HDAC8 revealed a substrate-competitive binding mode. 7d marked induced acetylation of the HDAC8 substrates H3K27 and SMC3 but not tubulin in CD4+ T lymphocytes, and significantly upregulated gene expressions for memory and effector functions. Furthermore, intraperitoneal injection of 7d (10 mg/kg) in C57BL/6 mice increased interleukin-2 expression in CD4+ T cells and CD8+ T cell proportion with no apparent toxicity. This study expands a novel chemotype of HDAC8 inhibitors with T cell modulatory properties for future therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Sun
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Martin-Luther University of Halle-Wittenberg, 06120 Halle/Saale, Germany
| | - Jing Wang
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, 999077 Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Khadija S Khan
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, 999077 Hong Kong SAR, China.,School of Pharmacy, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, 999077 Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Weiqin Yang
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, 999077 Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Billy Wai-Lung Ng
- School of Pharmacy, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, 999077 Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Nikita Ilment
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Martin-Luther University of Halle-Wittenberg, 06120 Halle/Saale, Germany
| | - Matthes Zessin
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Martin-Luther University of Halle-Wittenberg, 06120 Halle/Saale, Germany
| | - Emre F Bülbül
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Martin-Luther University of Halle-Wittenberg, 06120 Halle/Saale, Germany
| | - Dina Robaa
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Martin-Luther University of Halle-Wittenberg, 06120 Halle/Saale, Germany
| | - Frank Erdmann
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Martin-Luther University of Halle-Wittenberg, 06120 Halle/Saale, Germany
| | - Matthias Schmidt
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Martin-Luther University of Halle-Wittenberg, 06120 Halle/Saale, Germany
| | - Christophe Romier
- Département de Biologie Structurale Intégrative, Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, INSERM, 67404 Illkirch Cedex, France
| | - Mike Schutkowski
- Department of Enzymology, Institute of Biotechnology, Martin-Luther University of Halle-Wittenberg, 06120 Halle/Saale, Germany
| | - Alfred Sze-Lok Cheng
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, 999077 Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Wolfgang Sippl
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Martin-Luther University of Halle-Wittenberg, 06120 Halle/Saale, Germany
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Zhao L, Hsiao T, Stonesifer C, Daniels J, Garcia-Saleem TJ, Choi J, Geskin L, Rook AH, Wood GS. The Robust Tumoricidal Effects of Combined BET/HDAC Inhibition in Cutaneous T-Cell Lymphoma Can Be Reproduced by ΔNp73 Depletion. J Invest Dermatol 2022; 142:3253-3261.e4. [PMID: 35787399 PMCID: PMC9691518 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2022.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Revised: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Combined BET inhibitor/histone deacetylase inhibitor treatment induces marked apoptosis of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL) with minimal normal T-cell toxicity. At 96 hours when apoptosis was extensive, a majority of CTCL lines showed ≥2-fold suppression of T-cell survival factors (e.g., AKT1, BCL2 antiapoptotic factors, BIRC5, CD40, CD70, GADD45A, PRKCA, TNFRSF1B, ΔNp73) and ≥2-fold upregulation of proapoptotic factors and tumor suppressors (e.g., ATM, BAK, BIM, multiple caspases, FHIT, HIC1, MGMT, NOD1) (P < 0.05). The largest alterations were in TP73 isoform expression, resulting in increased TAp73/ΔNp73 ratios in CTCL lines and leukemic Sézary cells. Targeted ΔNp73 inhibition by small interfering RNA knockdown resulted in robust CTCL apoptosis comparable with that induced by BET inhibitor/histone deacetylase inhibitor with minimal normal T-cell toxicity. Chromatin immunoprecipitation analysis showed that BET inhibitor/histone deacetylase inhibitor treatment reduced RNA polymerase II binding to ΔNp73, MYC, and AKT1 while increasing its binding to TAp73. CTCL skin lesions expressed both TAp73 and ΔNp73 isoforms in situ. In aggregate, these findings implicate TAp73/ΔNp73 balance as a major factor governing CTCL survival, show that the expression of p73 isoforms can be altered by molecular biological and pharmaceutical means, show that p73 isoforms are expressed across the entire CTCL clinical spectrum, and identify the p73 pathway as a potential target for therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhao
- Department of Dermatology, The School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Tony Hsiao
- Department of Dermatology, The School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Connor Stonesifer
- Department of Dermatology, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Jay Daniels
- Department of Dermatology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Ilinois, USA
| | | | - Jaehyuk Choi
- Department of Dermatology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Ilinois, USA
| | - Larisa Geskin
- Department of Dermatology, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Alain H Rook
- Department of Dermatology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Gary S Wood
- Department of Dermatology, The School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA.
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Atallah-Yunes SA, Robertson MJ, Davé UP. Epigenetic Aberrations and Targets in Peripheral T-Cell Lymphoma. CLINICAL LYMPHOMA, MYELOMA & LEUKEMIA 2022; 22:659-665. [PMID: 35577752 DOI: 10.1016/j.clml.2022.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Revised: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Peripheral T cell lymphomas (PTCL) comprise a diverse group of aggressive T-cell and NK-cell lymphomas with many subtypes sharing same treatment algorithms despite having different pathobiology and responses to treatment. The molecular advances made in discovery of genetic mutations that disrupt epigenetic modulation in some subtypes of PTCL such as angioimmunoblastic T cell lymphoma and PTCL-not otherwise specified (NOS) may explain the poor outcomes and unsatisfactory responses to frontline line CHOP and CHOP-like therapy seen in this group of lymphomas. In this article, we address the main genetic mutations such as IDH2, TET2 and DNMT3A seen in PTCL and that disrupt the epigenetic modulation pathways, focusing on acetylation, deacetylation and methylation. Since therapeutic agents that target the disrupted epigenetic modulation pathways in PTCL may change treatment landscape in the near future, we will highlight the ones approved for treatment of refractory and/or relapsed PTCL and also the pivotal regimens being evaluated in clinical trials for treatment of frontline and refractory relapsed disease. We stress the importance of determining whether there is an association between the discussed genetic mutations and responses to the highlighted therapeutic agents such that treatments could be better tailored in patients with this kind of lymphoma with unmet needs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suheil Albert Atallah-Yunes
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Melvin and Bren Simon Cancer Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN.
| | - Michael J Robertson
- Lymphoma Program, Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Melvin and Bren Simon Cancer Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN
| | - Utpal P Davé
- Departments of Medicine and Microbiology and Immunology, Division of Hematology/Oncology, R.L. Roudebush VA Medical Center, IU Simon Cancer Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN
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13
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Yang Y, Zhang M, Wang Y. The roles of histone modifications in tumorigenesis and associated inhibitors in cancer therapy. JOURNAL OF THE NATIONAL CANCER CENTER 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jncc.2022.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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14
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“RB-reactivator screening” as a novel cell-based assay for discoveries of molecular targeting agents including the first-in-class MEK inhibitor trametinib (trade name: Mekinist). Pharmacol Ther 2022; 236:108234. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2022.108234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Revised: 06/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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15
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Shen Y, Yang R, Zhao J, Chen M, Chen S, Ji B, Chen H, Liu D, Li L, Du G. The histone deacetylase inhibitor belinostat ameliorates experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis in mice by inhibiting TLR2/MyD88 and HDAC3/ NF-κB p65-mediated neuroinflammation. Pharmacol Res 2022; 176:105969. [PMID: 34758400 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2021.105969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2021] [Revised: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a Th cell-mediated inflammatory demyelinating autoimmune disease. MS cannot be cured, and long-term drug treatment is still needed for MS patients. In this study, we examined the effect of belinostat, a pan-histone deacetylase inhibitor (HDACi), on experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) and elucidated its mechanism of action. We found that belinostat alleviates the clinical symptoms, histopathological central nervous system (CNS) inflammation and demyelination outcomes in EAE mice. Compared to the MS oral drug dimethyl fumarate (DMF) (100 mg/kg), belinostat (30 mg/kg) treatment exhibited better efficacy in improving the clinical symptoms of EAE mice. Belinostat treatment significantly suppressed the activation of M1 microglia and the proinflammatory cytokine expression; but it had no effects on the M2 microglial polarization. Belinostat also decreased both NO and iNOS levels in LPS-stimulated BV2 microglia. Accordingly, belinostat treatment of EAE mice significantly inhibited activation of the TLR2/MyD88 signaling pathway and downregulated the expression of HDAC3 while upregulating the acetylated NF-κB p65 levels. Taken together, these data demonstrate for the first time that belinostat ameliorates EAE in mice through inhibiting neuroinflammation via suppressing M1 microglial polarization, and implicating belinostat as a potential candidate for the treatment of multiple sclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanjia Shen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Targets Identification and Drug Screening, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, NO.2, Nan Wei Road, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Ran Yang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Targets Identification and Drug Screening, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, NO.2, Nan Wei Road, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Jiaying Zhao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Targets Identification and Drug Screening, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, NO.2, Nan Wei Road, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Miao Chen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Targets Identification and Drug Screening, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, NO.2, Nan Wei Road, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Shuhan Chen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Targets Identification and Drug Screening, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, NO.2, Nan Wei Road, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Baixi Ji
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Targets Identification and Drug Screening, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, NO.2, Nan Wei Road, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Houzao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China
| | - Depei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China
| | - Li Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Targets Identification and Drug Screening, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, NO.2, Nan Wei Road, Beijing 100050, China.
| | - Guanhua Du
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Targets Identification and Drug Screening, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, NO.2, Nan Wei Road, Beijing 100050, China.
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16
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Clauzure M, Táquez Delgado MA, Phillip JM, Revuelta MV, Cerchietti L, Medina VA. Histamine H4 Receptor Agonism Induces Antitumor Effects in Human T-Cell Lymphoma. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23031378. [PMID: 35163302 PMCID: PMC8836034 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Revised: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 01/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The discovery of the human histamine H4 receptor (H4R) has contributed to our understanding of the role of histamine in numerous physiological and pathological conditions, including tumor development and progression. The lymph nodes of patients with malignant lymphomas have shown to contain high levels of histamine, however, less is known regarding the expression and function of the H4R in T-cell lymphoma (TCL). In this work we demonstrate the expression of H4R isoforms (mRNA and protein) in three human aggressive TCL (OCI-Ly12, Karpas 299, and HuT78). Histamine and specific H4R agonists (VUF8430 and JNJ28610244) significantly reduced cell viability in a dose-dependent manner (p < 0.05). The combined treatment with the H4R antagonist (JNJ7777120, 10 µM) reversed the effects of the H4R ligands. Importantly, we screened a drug repurposing library of 433 FDA-approved compounds (1 μM) in combination with histamine (10 μM) in Hut78 cells. Histamine produced a favorable antitumor effect with 18 of these compounds, including the histone deacetylase inhibitor panobinostat. Apoptosis, proliferation, and oxidative stress studies confirmed the antitumoral effects of the combination. We conclude that the H4R is expressed in TCL, and it is involved in histamine-mediated responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariángeles Clauzure
- Laboratory of Tumor Biology and Inflammation, Institute for Biomedical Research (BIOMED), School of Medical Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Argentina (UCA), National Scientific and Technical Research Council (CONICET), Buenos Aires 1107, Argentina; (M.C.); (M.A.T.D.)
- Faculty of Veterinary Science, National University of La Pampa (UNLPam), General Pico 6360, Argentina
| | - Mónica A. Táquez Delgado
- Laboratory of Tumor Biology and Inflammation, Institute for Biomedical Research (BIOMED), School of Medical Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Argentina (UCA), National Scientific and Technical Research Council (CONICET), Buenos Aires 1107, Argentina; (M.C.); (M.A.T.D.)
| | - Jude M. Phillip
- Hematology and Oncology Division, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA; (J.M.P.); (M.V.R.); (L.C.)
| | - Maria V. Revuelta
- Hematology and Oncology Division, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA; (J.M.P.); (M.V.R.); (L.C.)
| | - Leandro Cerchietti
- Hematology and Oncology Division, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA; (J.M.P.); (M.V.R.); (L.C.)
| | - Vanina A. Medina
- Laboratory of Tumor Biology and Inflammation, Institute for Biomedical Research (BIOMED), School of Medical Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Argentina (UCA), National Scientific and Technical Research Council (CONICET), Buenos Aires 1107, Argentina; (M.C.); (M.A.T.D.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +54-11-4349-0200 (ext. 6091)
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Li W, Li F, Zhang X, Lin HK, Xu C. Insights into the post-translational modification and its emerging role in shaping the tumor microenvironment. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2021; 6:422. [PMID: 34924561 PMCID: PMC8685280 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-021-00825-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Revised: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
More and more in-depth studies have revealed that the occurrence and development of tumors depend on gene mutation and tumor heterogeneity. The most important manifestation of tumor heterogeneity is the dynamic change of tumor microenvironment (TME) heterogeneity. This depends not only on the tumor cells themselves in the microenvironment where the infiltrating immune cells and matrix together forming an antitumor and/or pro-tumor network. TME has resulted in novel therapeutic interventions as a place beyond tumor beds. The malignant cancer cells, tumor infiltrate immune cells, angiogenic vascular cells, lymphatic endothelial cells, cancer-associated fibroblastic cells, and the released factors including intracellular metabolites, hormonal signals and inflammatory mediators all contribute actively to cancer progression. Protein post-translational modification (PTM) is often regarded as a degradative mechanism in protein destruction or turnover to maintain physiological homeostasis. Advances in quantitative transcriptomics, proteomics, and nuclease-based gene editing are now paving the global ways for exploring PTMs. In this review, we focus on recent developments in the PTM area and speculate on their importance as a critical functional readout for the regulation of TME. A wealth of information has been emerging to prove useful in the search for conventional therapies and the development of global therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Li
- grid.54549.390000 0004 0369 4060Integrative Cancer Center & Cancer Clinical Research Center, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, 610042 Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Feifei Li
- grid.54549.390000 0004 0369 4060Integrative Cancer Center & Cancer Clinical Research Center, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, 610042 Chengdu, P. R. China ,grid.256607.00000 0004 1798 2653Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomedicine (Guangxi-ASEAN Collaborative Innovation Center for Major Disease Prevention and Treatment), Guangxi Medical University, 530021 Nanning, Guangxi China
| | - Xia Zhang
- grid.410570.70000 0004 1760 6682Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), 400038 Chongqing, China
| | - Hui-Kuan Lin
- grid.241167.70000 0001 2185 3318Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center, Wake Forest University, Winston Salem, NC 27101 USA
| | - Chuan Xu
- Integrative Cancer Center & Cancer Clinical Research Center, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, 610042, Chengdu, P. R. China. .,Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center, Wake Forest University, Winston Salem, NC, 27101, USA.
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18
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Adult T-Cell Leukemia: a Comprehensive Overview on Current and Promising Treatment Modalities. Curr Oncol Rep 2021; 23:141. [PMID: 34735653 DOI: 10.1007/s11912-021-01138-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/14/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF THE REVIEW Adult T-cell leukemia (ATL) is an aggressive chemo-resistant malignancy secondary to HTLV-1 retrovirus. Prognosis of ATL remains dismal. Herein, we emphasized on the current ATL treatment modalities and their drawbacks, and opened up on promising targeted therapies with special focus on the HTLV-1 regulatory proteins Tax and HBZ. RECENT FINDINGS Indolent ATL and a fraction of acute ATL exhibit long-term survival following antiviral treatment with zidovudine and interferon-alpha. Monoclonal antibodies such as mogamulizumab improved response rates, but with little effect on survival. Allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation results in long-term survival in one third of transplanted patients, alas only few patients are transplanted. Salvage therapy with lenalidomide in relapsed/refractory patients leads to prolonged survival in some of them. ATL remains an unmet medical need. Targeted therapies focusing on the HTLV-1 viral replication and/or viral regulatory proteins, as well as on the host antiviral immunity, represent a promising approach for the treatment of ATL.
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19
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Omidkhah N, Ghodsi R. NO-HDAC dual inhibitors. Eur J Med Chem 2021; 227:113934. [PMID: 34700268 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2021.113934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Revised: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
HDAC inhibitors and NO donors have both demonstrated independently broad therapeutic potential in a variety of diseases. Borretto et al. presented the topic of NO-HDAC dual inhibitors for the first time in 2013 as an attractive new topic. Here we collected the general structure of all synthesized NO-HDAC dual inhibitors, lead compounds, synthesis methods and biological features of the most potent dual NO-HDAC inhibitor in each category with the intention of assisting in the synthesis and optimization of new drug-like compounds for diverse diseases. Based on studies done so far, NO-HDAC dual inhibitors have displayed satisfactory results against wound healing (3), heart hypertrophy (3), inflammatory, cardiovascular, neuromuscular illnesses (11a-11e) and cancer (6a-6o, 9a-9d, 10a-10d, 16 and 17). NO-HDAC dual inhibitors can have high therapeutic potential for various diseases due to their new properties, NO properties, HDAC inhibitor properties and also due to the effects of NO on HDAC enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Negar Omidkhah
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Razieh Ghodsi
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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20
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IAP and HDAC inhibitors interact synergistically in myeloma cells through noncanonical NF-κB- and caspase-8-dependent mechanisms. Blood Adv 2021; 5:3776-3788. [PMID: 34464977 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2020003597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Interactions between the inhibitor of apoptosis protein antagonist LCL161 and the histone deacetylase inhibitor panobinostat (LBH589) were examined in human multiple myeloma (MM) cells. LCL161 and panobinostat interacted synergistically to induce apoptosis in diverse MM cell lines, including those resistant to bortezomib (PS-R). Similar interactions were observed with other histone deacetylase inhibitors (MS-275) or inhibitors of apoptosis protein antagonists (birinapant). These events were associated with downregulation of the noncanonical (but not the canonical) NF-κB pathway and activation of the extrinsic, caspase-8-related apoptotic cascade. Coexposure of MM cells to LCL161/LBH589 induced TRAF3 upregulation and led to TRAF2 and NIK downregulation, diminished expression of BCL-XL, and induction of γH2A.X. Ectopic expression of TRAF2, NIK, or BCL-XL, or short hairpin RNA TRAF3 knock-down, significantly reduced LCL161/LBH589 lethality, as did ectopic expression of dominant-negative FADD. Stromal/microenvironmental factors failed to diminish LCL161/LBH589-induced cell death. The LCL161/LBH589 regimen significantly increased cell killing in primary CD138+ cells (N = 31) and was particularly effective in diminishing the primitive progenitor cell-enriched CD138-/19+/20+/27+ population (N = 23) but was nontoxic to normal CD34+ cells. Finally, combined LCL161/LBH589 treatment significantly increased survival compared with single-agent treatment in an immunocompetent 5TGM1 murine MM model. Together, these findings argue that LCL161 interacts synergistically with LBH589 in MM cells through a process involving inactivation of the noncanonical NF-κB pathway and activation of the extrinsic apoptotic pathway, upregulation of TRAF3, and downregulation of TRAF2/BCL-XL. Notably, this regimen overcomes various forms of resistance, is active against primary MM cells, and displays significant in vivo activity. This strategy warrants further consideration in MM.
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21
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Romanelli MN, Borgonetti V, Galeotti N. Dual BET/HDAC inhibition to relieve neuropathic pain: Recent advances, perspectives, and future opportunities. Pharmacol Res 2021; 173:105901. [PMID: 34547384 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2021.105901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Revised: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Despite the intense research on developing new therapies for neuropathic pain states, available treatments have limited efficacy and unfavorable safety profiles. Epigenetic alterations have a great influence on the development of cancer and neurological diseases, as well as neuropathic pain. Histone acetylation has prevailed as one of the well investigated epigenetic modifications in these diseases. Altered spinal activity of histone deacetylase (HDAC) and Bromo and Extra terminal domain (BET) have been described in neuropathic pain models and restoration of these aberrant epigenetic modifications showed pain-relieving activity. Over the last decades HDACs and BETs have been the focus of drug discovery studies, leading to the development of numerous small-molecule inhibitors. Clinical trials to evaluate their anticancer activity showed good efficacy but raised toxicity concerns that limited translation to the clinic. To maximize activity and minimize toxicity, these compounds can be applied in combination of sub-maximal doses to produce additive or synergistic interactions (combination therapy). Recently, of particular interest, dual BET/HDAC inhibitors (multi-target drugs) have been developed to assure simultaneous modulation of BET and HDAC activity by a single molecule. This review will summarize the most recent advances with these strategies, describing advantages and limitations of single drug treatment vs combination regimens. This review will also provide a focus on dual BET/HDAC drug discovery investigations as future therapeutic opportunity for human therapy of neuropathic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Novella Romanelli
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health (NEUROFARBA), Section of Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Sciences, University of Florence, Via Ugo Schiff 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Vittoria Borgonetti
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health (NEUROFARBA), Section of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Florence, Viale G. Pieraccini 6, 50139 Florence, Italy
| | - Nicoletta Galeotti
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health (NEUROFARBA), Section of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Florence, Viale G. Pieraccini 6, 50139 Florence, Italy.
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22
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Pojani E, Barlocco D. Selective Inhibitors of Histone Deacetylase 10 (HDAC-10). Curr Med Chem 2021; 29:2306-2321. [PMID: 34468295 DOI: 10.2174/0929867328666210901144658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Revised: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Histone acetylation balance is one epigenetic mechanism controlling gene expression associated with disease progression. It has been observed that histone deacetylase 10 (HDAC-10) isozyme contributes to the chemotherapy resistance; in addition, the poor clinical outcome observed in patients with aggressive solid tumors, such as neuroblastoma, has been associated with its overexpression. Moreover, HDAC-10 selective inhibition suppresses the autophagic response, thus providing an improved risk-benefit profile compared to cytotoxic cancer chemotherapy drugs. On these bases, HDAC-10 is becoming an emerging target for drug design. Due to the rapid progress in the development of next-generation HDAC inhibitors, this review article aims to provide an overview on novel selective or dual HDAC-8/10 inhibitors, as new leads for cancer chemotherapy, able to avoid the severe side-effects of several actual approved "pan" HDAC inhibitors. A literature search was conducted in MedLine, PubMed, Caplus, SciFinder Scholar databases from 2015 to the present. Since the disclosure that the HDAC-6 inhibitor Tubastatin A was able to bind HDAC-10 efficiently, several related analogues were synthesized and tested. Both tricyclic (25-30) and bicyclic (31-42) derivatives were considered. The best pharmacological profile was shown by 36 (HDAC-10 pIC50 = 8.4 and pIC50 towards Class I HDACs from 5.2-6.4). In parallel, based on the evidence that high levels of HDAC-8 are a marker of poor prognosis in neuroblastoma treatment, dual HDAC-8/10 inhibitors were designed. The hydroxamic acid TH34 (HDAC-8 and 10 IC50 = 1.9 µM and 7.7 µM, respectively) and the hybrid derivatives 46d, 46e and 46g were the most promising both in terms of potency and selectivity. Literature surveys indicate several structural requirements for inhibitory potency and selectivity towards HDAC-10, e.g., electrostatic and/or hydrogen bond interactions with E274 and complementarity to the P(E,A) CE motif helix.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eftiola Pojani
- Department of the Chemical-Toxicological and Pharmacological Evaluation of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Catholic University "Our Lady of Good Counsel", Tirana, Albania
| | - Daniela Barlocco
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Milan, L. Mangiagalli 25 - 20133 Milan, Italy
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23
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Bieszczad B, Garbicz D, Świtalska M, Dudek MK, Warszycki D, Wietrzyk J, Grzesiuk E, Mieczkowski A. Improved HDAC Inhibition, Stronger Cytotoxic Effect and Higher Selectivity against Leukemias and Lymphomas of Novel, Tricyclic Vorinostat Analogues. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:851. [PMID: 34577551 PMCID: PMC8470702 DOI: 10.3390/ph14090851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Revised: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors are a class of drugs used in the cancer treatment. Here, we developed a library of 19 analogues of Vorinostat, an HDAC inhibitor used in lymphomas treatment. In Vorinostat, we replaced the hydrophobic phenyl group with various tricyclic 'caps' possessing a central, eight-membered, heterocyclic ring, and investigated the HDAC activity and cytotoxic effect on the cancer and normal cell lines. We found that 3 out of the 19 compounds, based on dibenzo[b,f]azocin-6(5H)-one, 11,12-dihydrodibenzo[b,f]azocin-6(5H)-one, and benzo[b]naphtho[2,3-f][1,5]diazocine-6,14(5H,13H)-dione scaffolds, showed better HDACs inhibition than the referenced Vorinostat. In leukemic cell line MV4-11 and in the lymphoma cell line Daudi, three compounds showed lower IC50 values than Vorinostat. These compounds had higher activity and selectivity against MV4-11 and Daudi cell lines than reference Vorinostat. We also observed a strong correlation between HDACs inhibition and the cytotoxic effect. Cell lines derived from solid tumours: A549 (lung carcinoma) and MCF-7 (breast adenocarcinoma) as well as reference BALB/3T3 (normal murine fibroblasts) were less susceptible to compounds tested. Developed derivatives show improved properties than Vorinostat, thus they could be considered as possible agents for leukemia and lymphoma treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bartosz Bieszczad
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland; (B.B.); (D.G.)
| | - Damian Garbicz
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland; (B.B.); (D.G.)
| | - Marta Świtalska
- Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, 53-114 Wrocław, Poland; (M.Ś.); (J.W.)
| | - Marta K. Dudek
- Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences, Sienkiewicza 112, 90-363 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Dawid Warszycki
- Maj Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 31-343 Cracow, Poland;
| | - Joanna Wietrzyk
- Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, 53-114 Wrocław, Poland; (M.Ś.); (J.W.)
| | - Elżbieta Grzesiuk
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland; (B.B.); (D.G.)
| | - Adam Mieczkowski
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland; (B.B.); (D.G.)
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ChoK-Full of Potential: Choline Kinase in B Cell and T Cell Malignancies. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13060911. [PMID: 34202989 PMCID: PMC8234087 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13060911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Revised: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Aberrant choline metabolism, characterized by an increase in total choline-containing compounds, phosphocholine and phosphatidylcholine (PC), is a metabolic hallmark of carcinogenesis and tumor progression. This aberration arises from alterations in metabolic enzymes that control PC biosynthesis and catabolism. Among these enzymes, choline kinase α (CHKα) exhibits the most frequent alterations and is commonly overexpressed in human cancers. CHKα catalyzes the phosphorylation of choline to generate phosphocholine, the first step in de novo PC biosynthesis. CHKα overexpression is associated with the malignant phenotype, metastatic capability and drug resistance in human cancers, and thus has been recognized as a robust biomarker and therapeutic target of cancer. Of clinical importance, increased choline metabolism and CHKα activity can be detected by non-invasive magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) or positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) imaging with radiolabeled choline analogs for diagnosis and treatment monitoring of cancer patients. Both choline-based MRS and PET/CT imaging have also been clinically applied for lymphoid malignancies, including non-Hodgkin lymphoma, multiple myeloma and central nervous system lymphoma. However, information on how choline kinase is dysregulated in lymphoid malignancies is very limited and has just begun to be unraveled. In this review, we provide an overview of the current understanding of choline kinase in B cell and T cell malignancies with the goal of promoting future investigation in this area.
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Shawki MA, Elsayed NS, Mantawy EM, Said RS. Promising drug repurposing approach targeted for cytokine storm implicated in SARS-CoV-2 complications. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol 2021; 43:395-409. [PMID: 34057871 PMCID: PMC8171013 DOI: 10.1080/08923973.2021.1931302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
A global threat has emerged in 2019 due to the rapid spread of Coronavirus disease (COVID-19). As of January 2021, the number of cases worldwide reached 103 million cases and 2.22 million deaths which were confirmed as the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). This global pandemic galvanized the scientific community to study the causative virus (SARS-CoV2) pathogenesis, transmission, and clinical symptoms. Remarkably, the most common complication associated with this disease is the cytokine storm which is responsible for COVID-19 mortality. Thus, targeting the cytokine storm with new medications is needed to hamper COVID-19 complications where the most prominent strategy for the treatment is drug repurposing. Through this strategy, several steps are skipped especially those required for testing drug safety and thus may help in reducing the dissemination of this pandemic. Accordingly, the aim of this review is to outline the pathogenesis, clinical features, and immune complications of SARS-CoV2 in addition to suggesting several repurposed drugs with their plausible mechanism of action for possible management of severe COVID-19 cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- May Ahmed Shawki
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Noha Salah Elsayed
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Eman M Mantawy
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Riham S Said
- Department of Drug Radiation Research, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology, Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, Egypt
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Schnell AP, Kohrt S, Thoma-Kress AK. Latency Reversing Agents: Kick and Kill of HTLV-1? Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22115545. [PMID: 34073995 PMCID: PMC8197370 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22115545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Revised: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1), the cause of adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL), is a retrovirus, which integrates into the host genome and persistently infects CD4+ T-cells. Virus propagation is stimulated by (1) clonal expansion of infected cells and (2) de novo infection. Viral gene expression is induced by the transactivator protein Tax, which recruits host factors like positive transcription elongation factor b (P-TEFb) to the viral promoter. Since HTLV-1 gene expression is repressed in vivo by viral, cellular, and epigenetic mechanisms in late phases of infection, HTLV-1 avoids an efficient CD8+ cytotoxic T-cell (CTL) response directed against the immunodominant viral Tax antigen. Hence, therapeutic strategies using latency reversing agents (LRAs) sought to transiently activate viral gene expression and antigen presentation of Tax to enhance CTL responses towards HTLV-1, and thus, to expose the latent HTLV-1 reservoir to immune destruction. Here, we review strategies that aimed at enhancing Tax expression and Tax-specific CTL responses to interfere with HTLV-1 latency. Further, we provide an overview of LRAs including (1) histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACi) and (2) activators of P-TEFb, that have mainly been studied in context of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), but which may also be powerful in the context of HTLV-1.
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Pojani E, Barlocco D. Romidepsin (FK228), A Histone Deacetylase Inhibitor and its Analogues in Cancer Chemotherapy. Curr Med Chem 2021; 28:1290-1303. [PMID: 32013816 DOI: 10.2174/0929867327666200203113926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Revised: 11/24/2019] [Accepted: 12/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human HDACs represent a group of enzymes able to modify histone and non-histone proteins, which interact with DNA to generate chromatin. The correlation between irregular covalent modification of histones and tumor development has been proved over the last decades. Therefore, HDAC inhibitors are considered as potential drugs in cancer treatment. Romidepsin (FK228), Belinostat (PXD-101), Vorinostat (SAHA), Panobinostat (LBH-589) and Chidamide were approved by FDA as novel antitumor agents. OBJECTIVE The aim of this review article is to highlight the structure-activity relationships of several FK228 analogues as HDAC inhibitors. In addition, the synergistic effects of a dual HDAC/PI3K inhibition by some derivatives have been investigated. MATERIALS AND METHODS PubMed, MEDLINE, CAPLUS, SciFinder Scholar database were considered by selecting articles which fulfilled the objectives of this review, dating from 2015 till present time. RESULTS HDAC inhibitors have a significant role in cancer pathogenesis and evolution. Class I HDAC isoforms are expressed in many tumor types, therefore, potent and selective Class I HDAC inhibitors are of great interest as candidate therapeutic agents with limited side effects. By structurebased optimization, several FK228 analogues [15 (FK-A5), 22, 23 and 26 (FK-A11)] were identified, provided with significant activity against Class I HDAC enzymes and dose dependent antitumor activity. Compound 26 was recognized as an interesting HDAC/PI3K dual inhibitor (IC50 against p110α of 6.7 μM while for HDAC1 inhibitory activity IC50 was 0.64 nM). CONCLUSION Romidepsin analogues HDAC inhibitors have been confirmed as useful anticancer agents. In addition, dual HDAC/PI3K inhibition showed by some of them exhibited synergistic effects in inducing apoptosis in human cancer cells. Further studies on FK228 analogues may positively contribute to the availability of potent agents in tumor treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eftiola Pojani
- Department of the Chemical-Toxicological and Pharmacological Evaluation of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Catholic University "Our Lady of Good Counsel", Tirana, Albania
| | - Daniela Barlocco
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Milan, L. Mangiagalli 25, Milan 20133, Italy
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Ullmann T, Luckhardt S, Wolf M, Parnham MJ, Resch E. High-Throughput Screening for CEBPD-Modulating Compounds in THP-1-Derived Reporter Macrophages Identifies Anti-Inflammatory HDAC and BET Inhibitors. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22063022. [PMID: 33809617 PMCID: PMC8002291 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22063022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Revised: 03/07/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to identify alternative anti-inflammatory compounds that modulate the activity of a relevant transcription factor, CCAAT/enhancer binding protein delta (C/EBPδ). C/EBPδ is a master regulator of inflammatory responses in macrophages (Mϕ) and is mainly regulated at the level of CEBPD gene transcription initiation. To screen for CEBPD-modulating compounds, we generated a THP-1-derived reporter cell line stably expressing secreted alkaline phosphatase (SEAP) under control of the defined CEBPD promoter (CEBPD::SEAP). A high-throughput screening of LOPAC®1280 and ENZO®774 libraries on LPS- and IFN-γ-activated THP-1 reporter Mϕ identified four epigenetically active hits: two bromodomain and extraterminal domain (BET) inhibitors, I-BET151 and Ro 11-1464, as well as two histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors, SAHA and TSA. All four hits markedly and reproducibly upregulated SEAP secretion and CEBPD::SEAP mRNA expression, confirming screening assay reliability. Whereas BET inhibitors also upregulated the mRNA expression of the endogenous CEBPD, HDAC inhibitors completely abolished it. All hits displayed anti-inflammatory activity through the suppression of IL-6 and CCL2 gene expression. However, I-BET151 and HDAC inhibitors simultaneously upregulated the mRNA expression of pro-inflammatory IL-1ß. The modulation of CEBPD gene expression shown in this study contributes to our understanding of inflammatory responses in Mϕ and may offer an approach to therapy for inflammation-driven disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatjana Ullmann
- Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; (S.L.); (M.J.P.); (E.R.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Sonja Luckhardt
- Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; (S.L.); (M.J.P.); (E.R.)
| | - Markus Wolf
- Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Schnackenburgallee 114, 22525 Hamburg, Germany;
| | - Michael J. Parnham
- Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; (S.L.); (M.J.P.); (E.R.)
- EpiEndo Pharmaceuticals ehf, Eiðistorg 13-15, 170 Seltjarnarnes, Iceland
| | - Eduard Resch
- Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; (S.L.); (M.J.P.); (E.R.)
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Wolska-Washer A, Smolewski P, Robak T. Advances in the pharmacotherapeutic options for primary nodal peripheral T-cell lymphoma. Expert Opin Pharmacother 2021; 22:1203-1215. [PMID: 33524268 DOI: 10.1080/14656566.2021.1882997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Peripheral T cell lymphomas (PTCL) are a group of heterogenous hematologic malignancies derived from post-thymic T lymphocytes and mature NK cells. Conventional chemotherapy does not guarantee a good outcome. AREAS COVERED The article summarizes recent investigational therapies and their mechanism of action, as well as the pharmacological properties, clinical activity, and toxicity of new agents in the treatment of primary nodal PTCLs. The review scrutinized papers included in the MEDLINE (PubMed) database between 2010 and October 2020. These were supplemented with a manual search of conference proceedings from the previous five years of the American Society of Hematology, European Hematology Association, and American Society of Clinical Oncology. Further relevant publications were obtained by reviewing the references from the chosen articles. EXPERT OPINION PTCLs have proved difficult to treat and investigate because of their rarity. Studies of aggressive lymphoma, including a small proportion of T-cell lymphomas, found that any benefit from intensified traditional chemotherapy in patients with PTCL is accompanied by increased toxicity. However, the management of PTCL is beginning to change dramatically, thanks to the use of more sophisticated agents targeting the mechanisms of disease development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Wolska-Washer
- Department of Experimental Hematology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz. Poland.,Copernicus Memorial Hospital, Lodz. Poland
| | - Piotr Smolewski
- Department of Experimental Hematology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz. Poland.,Copernicus Memorial Hospital, Lodz. Poland
| | - Tadeusz Robak
- Copernicus Memorial Hospital, Lodz. Poland.,Department of Hematology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz. Poland
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Valiulienė G, Vitkevičienė A, Navakauskienė R. The epigenetic treatment remodel genome-wide histone H4 hyper-acetylation patterns and affect signaling pathways in acute promyelocytic leukemia cells. Eur J Pharmacol 2020; 889:173641. [PMID: 33045196 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2020.173641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Revised: 10/03/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Although majority of acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) patients achieve complete remission after the standard treatment, 5-10% of patients are shown to relapse or develop resistance to treatment. In such cases, medications that target epigenetic processes could become an appealing supplementary approach. In this study, we tested the anti-leukemic activity of histone deacetylase inhibitor Belinostat (PXD101) and histone methyltransferase inhibitor 3-Deazaneplanocin A combined with all-trans retinoic acid in APL cells NB4, promyelocytes resembling HL-60 cells and APL patients' cells. After HL-60 and NB4 cell treatment, ChIP-sequencing was performed using antibodies against hyper-acetylated histone H4. Hyper-acetylated histone H4 distribution peaks were compared in treated vs untreated HL-60 and NB4 cells. Results demonstrated that in treated HL-60 cells, the majority of peaks were distributed within the regions of proximal promoters, whereas in treated NB4 cells, hyper-acetylated histone H4 peaks were mainly localized in gene body regions. Further ChIP-seq data analysis revealed the changes in histone H4 hyper-acetylation in promoter/gene body regions of genes involved in cancer signaling pathways. In addition, quantitative gene expression analysis proved changes in various cellular pathways important for carcinogenesis. Epigenetic treatment down-regulated the expression of MTOR, LAMTOR1, WNT2B, VEGFR3, FGF2, FGFR1, TGFA, TGFB1, TGFBR1, PDGFA, PDGFRA and PDGFRB genes in NB4, HL-60 and APL patients' cells. In addition, effect of epigenetic treatment on protein expression of aforementioned signaling pathways was confirmed with mass spectrometry analysis. Taken together, these results provide supplementary insights into molecular changes that occur during epigenetic therapy application in in vitro promyelocytic leukemia cell model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giedrė Valiulienė
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute of Biochemistry, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, Sauletekio av. 7, LT-01257 Vilnius, Lithuania.
| | - Aida Vitkevičienė
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute of Biochemistry, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, Sauletekio av. 7, LT-01257 Vilnius, Lithuania.
| | - Rūta Navakauskienė
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute of Biochemistry, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, Sauletekio av. 7, LT-01257 Vilnius, Lithuania.
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Zhang P, Zhang M. Epigenetic alterations and advancement of treatment in peripheral T-cell lymphoma. Clin Epigenetics 2020; 12:169. [PMID: 33160401 PMCID: PMC7648940 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-020-00962-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Peripheral T-cell lymphoma (PTCL) is a rare and heterogeneous group of clinically aggressive diseases associated with poor prognosis. Except for ALK + anaplastic large-cell lymphoma (ALCL), most peripheral T-cell lymphomas are highly malignant and have an aggressive disease course and poor clinical outcomes, with a poor remission rate and frequent relapse after first-line treatment. Aberrant epigenetic alterations play an important role in the pathogenesis and development of specific types of peripheral T-cell lymphoma, including the regulation of the expression of genes and signal transduction. The most common epigenetic alterations are DNA methylation and histone modification. Histone modification alters the level of gene expression by regulating the acetylation status of lysine residues on the promoter surrounding histones, often leading to the silencing of tumour suppressor genes or the overexpression of proto-oncogenes in lymphoma. DNA methylation refers to CpG islands, generally leading to tumour suppressor gene transcriptional silencing. Genetic studies have also shown that some recurrent mutations in genes involved in the epigenetic machinery, including TET2, IDH2-R172, DNMT3A, RHOA, CD28, IDH2, TET2, MLL2, KMT2A, KDM6A, CREBBP, and EP300, have been observed in cases of PTCL. The aberrant expression of miRNAs has also gradually become a diagnostic biomarker. These provide a reasonable molecular mechanism for epigenetic modifying drugs in the treatment of PTCL. As epigenetic drugs implicated in lymphoma have been continually reported in recent years, many new ideas for the diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of PTCL originate from epigenetics in recent years. Novel epigenetic-targeted drugs have shown good tolerance and therapeutic effects in the treatment of peripheral T-cell lymphoma as monotherapy or combination therapy. NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines also recommended epigenetic drugs for PTCL subtypes as second-line therapy. Epigenetic mechanisms provide new directions and therapeutic strategies for the research and treatment of peripheral T-cell lymphoma. Therefore, this paper mainly reviews the epigenetic changes in the pathogenesis of peripheral T-cell lymphoma and the advancement of epigenetic-targeted drugs in the treatment of peripheral T-cell lymphoma (PTCL).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Zhang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou City, 450052, Henan Province, China.,Academy of Medical Sciences of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou City, 450052, Henan Province, China
| | - Mingzhi Zhang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou City, 450052, Henan Province, China. .,Academy of Medical Sciences of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou City, 450052, Henan Province, China.
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Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors as Multitarget-Directed Epi-Drugs in Blocking PI3K Oncogenic Signaling: A Polypharmacology Approach. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21218198. [PMID: 33147762 PMCID: PMC7662987 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21218198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2020] [Revised: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Genetic mutations and aberrant epigenetic alterations are the triggers for carcinogenesis. The emergence of the drugs targeting epigenetic aberrations has provided a better outlook for cancer treatment. Histone deacetylases (HDACs) are epigenetic modifiers playing critical roles in numerous key biological functions. Inappropriate expression of HDACs and dysregulation of PI3K signaling pathway are common aberrations observed in human diseases, particularly in cancers. Histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACIs) are a class of epigenetic small-molecular therapeutics exhibiting promising applications in the treatment of hematological and solid malignancies, and in non-neoplastic diseases. Although HDACIs as single agents exhibit synergy by inhibiting HDAC and the PI3K pathway, resistance to HDACIs is frequently encountered due to activation of compensatory survival pathway. Targeted simultaneous inhibition of both HDACs and PI3Ks with their respective inhibitors in combination displayed synergistic therapeutic efficacy and encouraged the development of a single HDAC-PI3K hybrid molecule via polypharmacology strategy. This review provides an overview of HDACs and the evolution of HDACs-based epigenetic therapeutic approaches targeting the PI3K pathway.
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Imaizumi Y, Iwanaga M, Nosaka K, Ishitsuka K, Ishizawa K, Ito S, Amano M, Ishida T, Uike N, Utsunomiya A, Ohshima K, Tanaka J, Tokura Y, Tobinai K, Watanabe T, Uchimaru K, Tsukasaki K. Prognosis of patients with adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma in Japan: A nationwide hospital-based study. Cancer Sci 2020; 111:4567-4580. [PMID: 32976684 PMCID: PMC7734015 DOI: 10.1111/cas.14658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Revised: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Adult T‐cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATL) is a mature T‐cell neoplasm and is classified into four subtypes (acute, lymphoma, chronic, and smoldering) according to the Shimoyama classification, established in 1991 through several nationwide surveys based on the clinical diversity of patients diagnosed in 1983‐1987 in Japan. Thereafter, no such studies have been conducted. Recently, we conducted a nationwide hospital survey using the method of the 1980s studies, collected baseline data on 996 ATL patients diagnosed in 2010‐2011 from 126 hospitals, and reported their unique epidemiological characteristics. Here, we report the follow‐up results of registered ATL patients with the goal of evaluating current prognoses and treatment modalities as of 2016‐2017. Of 770 evaluable patients, 391 (50.8%) had acute‐type, 192 (24.9%) had lymphoma‐type, 106 (13.8%) had chronic‐type, and 81 (10.5%) had smoldering‐type ATL. The initial therapy regimens used for acute/lymphoma‐type ATL were vincristine, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin and prednisone, followed by doxorubicin, ranimustine, and prednisone and then by vindesine, etoposide, carboplatin, and prednisone (VCAP‐AMP‐VECP)‐like in 38.5/41.7% and cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone (CHOP)‐like in 14.6/13.7% of patients. Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation was used to treat 15.9/10.4% of acute/lymphoma‐type ATL patients. The 4‐year survival rates (the median survival time, days) for acute‐, lymphoma‐, unfavorable chronic‐, favorable chronic‐, and smoldering‐type ATL were 16.8% (252), 19.6% (305), 26.6% (572), 62.1% (1937), and 59.8% (1851), respectively. The 4‐year survival rates for acute‐ and lymphoma‐type ATL improved compared with those reported in 1991, but those for chronic‐ and smoldering‐type ATL were not. Further efforts are warranted to develop more efficient therapeutic strategies to improve the prognosis of ATL in Japan.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Masako Iwanaga
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Nagasaki University School of Medicine, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Kisato Nosaka
- Department of Hematology, Kumamoto University School of Medicine, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Kenji Ishitsuka
- Department of Hematology and Rheumatology, Kagoshima University Hospital, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Kenichi Ishizawa
- Department of Third Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Yamagata University, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Shigeki Ito
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Iwate Medical University, Iwate, Japan
| | - Masahiro Amano
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Takashi Ishida
- Department of Immunology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Naokuni Uike
- Department of Hospice care, St. Mary's hospital, Kurume, Japan
| | - Atae Utsunomiya
- Department of Hematology, Imamura General Hospital, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Koichi Ohshima
- Department of Pathology, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Junji Tanaka
- Department of Hematology, Tokyo Woman's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Tokura
- Department of Dermatology, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Kensei Tobinai
- Department of Hematology, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toshiki Watanabe
- Department of Practical Management of Medical Information, St. Marianna University Graduate School of Medicine, Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Kaoru Uchimaru
- Department of Computational Biology and Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kunihiro Tsukasaki
- Department of Hematology, International Medical Center, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan
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Regulation of Expression and Latency in BLV and HTLV. Viruses 2020; 12:v12101079. [PMID: 32992917 PMCID: PMC7601775 DOI: 10.3390/v12101079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2020] [Revised: 09/20/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Human T-lymphotrophic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) and Bovine leukemia virus (BLV) belong to the Deltaretrovirus genus. HTLV-1 is the etiologic agent of the highly aggressive and currently incurable cancer adult T-cell leukemia (ATL) and a neurological disease HTLV-1-associated myelopathy (HAM)/tropical spastic paraparesis (TSP). BLV causes neoplastic proliferation of B cells in cattle: enzootic bovine leucosis (EBL). Despite the severity of these conditions, infection by HTLV-1 and BLV appear in most cases clinically asymptomatic. These viruses can undergo latency in their hosts. The silencing of proviral gene expression and maintenance of latency are central for the establishment of persistent infection, as well as for pathogenesis in vivo. In this review, we will present the mechanisms that control proviral activation and retroviral latency in deltaretroviruses, in comparison with other exogenous retroviruses. The 5′ long terminal repeats (5′-LTRs) play a main role in controlling viral gene expression. While the regulation of transcription initiation is a major mechanism of silencing, we discuss topics that include (i) the epigenetic control of the provirus, (ii) the cis-elements present in the LTR, (iii) enhancers with cell-type specific regulatory functions, (iv) the role of virally-encoded transactivator proteins, (v) the role of repressors in transcription and silencing, (vi) the effect of hormonal signaling, (vii) implications of LTR variability on transcription and latency, and (viii) the regulatory role of non-coding RNAs. Finally, we discuss how a better understanding of these mechanisms may allow for the development of more effective treatments against Deltaretroviruses.
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Peng J, Li SJ, Fu X, Liu Y, Zhao XL. Chidamide acts on the histone deacetylase-mediated miR-34a/Bcl-2 axis to regulate NB4 cell line proliferation and apoptosis. Kaohsiung J Med Sci 2020; 36:1004-1013. [PMID: 32783381 DOI: 10.1002/kjm2.12283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Revised: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL), a biologically and clinically distinct variant of acute myelogenous leukemia, is characterized by the fusion of the N-terminus of promyelocytic leukemia protein to the C terminus of retinoic acid receptor alpha, mostly due to chromosomal translocation t(15;17). Chidamide, a synthetic analogue of MS-275 identified from a group of benzamide-type compounds, has been found to have efficient anticancer activity in basic and clinical research studies. However, the concrete role and underlying mechanism of Chidamide in the treatment of APL has not been well characterized. Our data demonstrate that Chidamide inhibited the expression of histone deacetylase (HDAC) to induce apoptosis and suppress proliferation in NB4 cells. Mechanistically, Chidamide increases the expression of miR-34a by suppressing HDAC. Furthermore, B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) is a direct target of miR-34a, the expression of which is regulated by miR-34a. Functionally, Chidamide inhibits cell proliferation and promotes apoptosis through miR-34a/Bcl-2. Chidamide exerts its anticancer effect via the HDAC-mediated miR-34a/Bcl-2 axis, providing potential targets for APL therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Peng
- Department of Hematology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Shu-Jun Li
- Department of Hematology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xiao Fu
- Department of Hematology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yi Liu
- Department of Hematology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xie-Lan Zhao
- Department of Hematology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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Yin S, Qin W, Wang B, Zhou J, Yang L, Xiong X, Li J. Absence of Sirtuin 1 impairs the testicular development in cattleyak by inactivating SF-1. Reprod Domest Anim 2020; 55:1054-1060. [PMID: 32497285 DOI: 10.1111/rda.13737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Cattleyak, which are interspecific hybrids between cattle and yak, display much higher growth performances than yak. However, F1 male cattleyak are infertile due to defective testicular development. Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) is a histone deacetylase that is essential for various biological processes, while the roles of testicular SIRT1 in yak and cattleyak are still poorly understood. Here, we found that SIRT1 was localized in various kinds of yak testicular cells except elongated spermatids while it was deficient in cattleyak testis. Further studies indicated that cattleyak testis exhibited decreased histone acetylation levels on H3 and H4. One of SIRT1 co-factors, steroidogenic factor-1 (SF-1), was lost in cattleyak testis at protein level. Expressions of several SF-1 target genes responsible for Sertoli cell development and steroidogenesis, including STAR, CYP11A1, CYP26B1, FDX1 and HSD3B, decreased significantly in cattleyak testis. In addition, SIRT1-mediated P53 acetylation was not responsible for the cell apoptosis in cattleyak testis. Taken together, our results suggested the deficiency of SIRT1 in yak testis caused inactivation of SF-1 and the impairment of testicular development. This research provides theoretical bases for understanding the mechanism of cattleyak sterility and gives new insights in revealing the roles of SIRT1 in regulating yak testicular development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi Yin
- College of Life Science and Technology, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation and Utilization, Ministry of Education, Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation and Utilization Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory of Modem Technology (Southwest Minzu University), State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Chengdu, China
| | - Wenchang Qin
- College of Life Science and Technology, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Bin Wang
- College of Life Science and Technology, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jingwen Zhou
- College of Life Science and Technology, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Liuqing Yang
- College of Life Science and Technology, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xianrong Xiong
- College of Life Science and Technology, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jian Li
- College of Life Science and Technology, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation and Utilization, Ministry of Education, Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation and Utilization Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, China
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Iwanaga M. Epidemiology of HTLV-1 Infection and ATL in Japan: An Update. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:1124. [PMID: 32547527 PMCID: PMC7273189 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.01124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2020] [Accepted: 05/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Adult T-cell leukemia-lymphoma (ATL) is an aggressive T-cell malignancy caused by human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) infection that often occurs in HTLV-1-endemic areas, such as Japan, the Caribbean islands, Central and South America, Intertropical Africa, and the Middle East. In Japan, the nationwide estimation of the number of HTLV-1 carriers was at least 1.08 million in 2006–2007. Furthermore, in 2016, the nationwide annual incidence of newly infected with HTLV-1 was first estimated to be 3.8 per 100,000 person-years based on the age-specific seroconversion rates of blood donors in almost all areas of Japan. The incidence rate was three times higher in women than in men, and it was estimated that at least 4,000 new HTLV-1 infections occur yearly among adolescents and adults in Japan. As well known that HTLV-1 infection alone is not a sufficient condition for ATL to develop. To date, a variety of molecular abnormalities and host susceptibilities have been reported as candidate progression factors for the development of ATL in HTLV-1-carriers. In particular, quite recently in Japan, a variety of immunosuppressive conditions have been recognized as the most important host susceptibilities associated with the development of ATL from HTLV-1-carrier status. Furthermore, in 2013–2016 in Japan, a new nationwide epidemiological study of ATL was conducted targeting patients newly diagnosed with ATL in 2010–2011, from which the most current knowledge about the epidemiological characteristics of Japanese patients with ATL was updated as follows: (1) continuing regional unevenness of the distribution of people with HTLV-1, (2) further aging, with the mean age at diagnosis being 67.5 years, (3) declining M/F ratio, (4) increase of the lymphoma subtype, (5) sex differences in subtype distribution, (6) age differences in subtype distribution, and (7) comorbidity condition. In particular, 32.2% of ATL patients had comorbid malignancies other than ATL. However, the number of deaths due to ATL in Japan has been relatively stable, at around 1,000 patients annually, without significant decline from 1999 to 2017. Because the current epidemiological evidence about HTLV-1 and ATL is insufficient, further epidemiological studies are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masako Iwanaga
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
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El Hajj H, Tsukasaki K, Cheminant M, Bazarbachi A, Watanabe T, Hermine O. Novel Treatments of Adult T Cell Leukemia Lymphoma. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:1062. [PMID: 32547515 PMCID: PMC7270167 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.01062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Adult T cell leukemia-lymphoma (ATL) is an aggressive malignancy secondary to chronic infection with the human T cell leukemia virus type I (HTLV-I) retrovirus. ATL carries a dismal prognosis. ATL classifies into four subtypes (acute, lymphoma, chronic, and smoldering) which display different clinical features, prognosis and response to therapy, hence requiring different clinical management. Smoldering and chronic subtypes respond well to antiretroviral therapy using the combination of zidovudine (AZT) and interferon-alpha (IFN) with a significant prolongation of survival. Conversely, the watch and wait strategy or chemotherapy for these indolent subtypes allies with a poor long-term outcome. Acute ATL is associated with chemo-resistance and dismal prognosis. Lymphoma subtypes respond better to intensive chemotherapy but survival remains poor. Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) results in long-term survival in roughly one third of transplanted patients but only a small percentage of patients can make it to transplant. Overall, current treatments of aggressive ATL are not satisfactory. Prognosis of refractory or relapsed patients is dismal with some encouraging results when using lenalidomide or mogamulizumab. To overcome resistance and prevent relapse, preclinical or pilot clinical studies using targeted therapies such as arsenic/IFN, monoclonal antibodies, epigenetic therapies are promising but warrant further clinical investigation. Anti-ATL vaccines including Tax peptide-pulsed dendritic cells, induced Tax-specific CTL responses in ATL patients. Finally, based on the progress in understanding the pathophysiology of ATL, and the risk-adapted treatment approaches to different ATL subtypes, treatment strategies of ATL should take into account the host immune responses and the host microenvironment including HTLV-1 infected non-malignant cells. Herein, we will provide a summary of novel treatments of ATL in vitro, in vivo, and in early clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiba El Hajj
- Department of Experimental Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Kunihiro Tsukasaki
- Department of Hematology, International Medical Center, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Morgane Cheminant
- INSERM UMR 1163 and CNRS URL 8254, Imagine Institute, Paris, France.,Department of Hematology, Necker-Enfants Malades University Hospital, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris-Descartes University, Paris, France
| | - Ali Bazarbachi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon.,Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Toshiki Watanabe
- Department of Medical Genome Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Olivier Hermine
- INSERM UMR 1163 and CNRS URL 8254, Imagine Institute, Paris, France.,Department of Hematology, Necker-Enfants Malades University Hospital, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris-Descartes University, Paris, France
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Expression of H3K4me3 and H3K9ac in breast cancer. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2020; 146:2017-2027. [PMID: 32468423 PMCID: PMC7324433 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-020-03265-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Breast cancer is the leading cause of cancer death in females. Histone modifications have been shown to have an influence on the gene expression. This study focusses on the histone modifications H3K9ac and H3K4me3 in breast cancer and their impact on survival METHODS: H3K4me3 and H3K9ac expression was immunohistochemically examined in 235 tissue samples. RESULTS Positive estrogen receptor status was correlated with a higher IRS of the nuclear (p = 0.033), and of the cytoplasmic H3K4me3 staining (p = 0.009). H3K9ac intensity was associated to the Her2 status (p = 0.045) and to poor prognosis in cells with positive Ki67 status (p = 0.013). A high intensity of nuclear H3K4me3 staining was found to be correlated with a lower 10-year-survival (p = 0.026) and with lower breast cancer-specific survival (p = 0.004). High percentage score (> 190) of H3K9ac expression was correlated to worse breast cancer-specific survival (p = 0.005). Shorter progression-free survival was found in patients with nuclear (p = 0.013) and cytoplasmic H3K4me3expression (p = 0.024) and H3K9ac expression (p = 0.023). CONCLUSION This analysis provides new evidence of histone modifications in breast cancer. High H3K4me3 and H3K9ac expression was correlated with survival rates. Further investigation of histone modifications in breast cancer could lead to a more profound understanding of the molecular mechanisms of cancer development and could result in new therapeutic strategies.
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Kommalapati A, Tanvetyanon T. Epigenetic modulation of immunotherapy cofactors to enhance tumor response in lung cancer. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2020; 17:51-54. [PMID: 32460615 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2020.1764273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapy with a checkpoint inhibitor has revolutionized the treatment of advanced non-small cell lung cancer. Replacing cytotoxic chemotherapy in some settings, immunotherapy with checkpoint inhibitors enables many patients to live longer with much fewer side effects. Nonetheless, immunotherapy alone only works for about one-fifth of unselected patients and despite the durability of response, treatment will eventually fail. There are several important cofactors within the tumor microenvironment which can contribute to the efficacy of immunotherapy. These include T-cells, chemokines, and antigen presentations. Preliminary research has shown that these cofactors can be altered by epigenetic modulation. Specifically, hypomethylating agents or histone deacetylase inhibitors can lead to changes in the compositions and characteristics within the tumor microenvironment in a way that enhances the efficacy of checkpoint inhibitor. In recent clinical trials of combined immuno-epigenetic therapy, tumor responses were observed among patients who were previously resistant or refractory to immunotherapy. Furthermore, biological correlative studies also confirmed the mechanism of action of these agents, especially among patients who derived benefit. Nonetheless, at present, the efficacy in terms of tumor response seems modest and side effects, though mostly not serious, can result in treatment interruption or interfere with the quality of life.
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Kenny RG, Ude Z, Docherty JR, Marmion CJ. Vorinostat and Belinostat, hydroxamate-based anti-cancer agents, are nitric oxide donors. J Inorg Biochem 2020; 206:110981. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2019.110981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2019] [Revised: 12/10/2019] [Accepted: 12/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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Wang L, Qin W, Huo YJ, Li X, Shi Q, Rasko JEJ, Janin A, Zhao WL. Advances in targeted therapy for malignant lymphoma. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2020; 5:15. [PMID: 32296035 PMCID: PMC7058622 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-020-0113-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2019] [Revised: 12/10/2019] [Accepted: 12/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The incidence of lymphoma has gradually increased over previous decades, and it ranks among the ten most prevalent cancers worldwide. With the development of targeted therapeutic strategies, though a subset of lymphoma patients has become curable, the treatment of refractory and relapsed diseases remains challenging. Many efforts have been made to explore new targets and to develop corresponding therapies. In addition to novel antibodies targeting surface antigens and small molecular inhibitors targeting oncogenic signaling pathways and tumor suppressors, immune checkpoint inhibitors and chimeric antigen receptor T-cells have been rapidly developed to target the tumor microenvironment. Although these targeted agents have shown great success in treating lymphoma patients, adverse events should be noted. The selection of the most suitable candidates, optimal dosage, and effective combinations warrant further investigation. In this review, we systematically outlined the advances in targeted therapy for malignant lymphoma, providing a clinical rationale for mechanism-based lymphoma treatment in the era of precision medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Shanghai Institute of Hematology, Shanghai Rui Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Rui Jin Er Road, Shanghai, China
- Pôle de Recherches Sino-Français en Science du Vivant et Génomique, Laboratory of Molecular Pathology, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Shanghai Institute of Hematology, Shanghai Rui Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Rui Jin Er Road, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu-Jia Huo
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Shanghai Institute of Hematology, Shanghai Rui Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Rui Jin Er Road, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Shanghai Institute of Hematology, Shanghai Rui Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Rui Jin Er Road, Shanghai, China
| | - Qing Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Shanghai Institute of Hematology, Shanghai Rui Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Rui Jin Er Road, Shanghai, China
| | - John E J Rasko
- Gene & Stem Cell Therapy Program Centenary Institute, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Camperdown, Australia
- Cell and Molecular Therapies, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, Australia
| | - Anne Janin
- Pôle de Recherches Sino-Français en Science du Vivant et Génomique, Laboratory of Molecular Pathology, Shanghai, China
- U1165 Inserm/Université Paris 7, Hôpital Saint Louis, Paris, France
| | - Wei-Li Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Shanghai Institute of Hematology, Shanghai Rui Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Rui Jin Er Road, Shanghai, China.
- Pôle de Recherches Sino-Français en Science du Vivant et Génomique, Laboratory of Molecular Pathology, Shanghai, China.
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Abstract
Introduction: T-cell lymphomas represent a broad group of malignant T-cell neoplasms with marked molecular, clinical, and biologic heterogeneity. Survival rates after conventional chemotherapy regimens are poor for most subtypes and new therapies are needed. Rapidly expanding knowledge in the field of epigenomics and the development of an increasing number of epigenetic-modifying agents have created new opportunities for epigenetic therapies for patients with this complex group of diseases.Areas covered: The present review summarizes current knowledge on epigenetic alterations in T-cell lymphomas, availability, and mechanisms of action of epigenetic-modifying agents, results of clinical trials of epigenetic therapies in T-cell lymphomas, status of FDA approval, and biomarker approaches to guide therapy. Promising future directions are discussed.Expert opinion: Mutations in epigenetic-modifying genes are among the most common genetic alterations in T-cell lymphomas, highlighting the potential for epigenetic therapies to improve management of this group of diseases. Single-agent efficacy is well documented, leading to FDA approval for several indications, but overall response rates and durability of responses remain modest. Critical next steps for the field include optimizing combination therapies that incorporate epigenetic-modifying agents and developing predictive biomarkers that help guide patient and drug selection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nada Ahmed
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.,Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Andrew L Feldman
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
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Suberoylanilide Hydroxamic Acid Alleviates Acute Lung Injury Induced by Severe Hemorrhagic Shock and Resuscitation in Rats. Shock 2019; 54:474-481. [DOI: 10.1097/shk.0000000000001505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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Aprile S, Serafini M, Pirali T. Soft drugs for dermatological applications: recent trends. Drug Discov Today 2019; 24:2234-2246. [DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2019.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Revised: 07/26/2019] [Accepted: 08/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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