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Boutboul D, Picard C, Latour S. Inborn errors of immunity underlying defective T-cell memory. Curr Opin Allergy Clin Immunol 2023; 23:491-499. [PMID: 37797193 DOI: 10.1097/aci.0000000000000946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW T-cell memory is a complex process not well understood involving specific steps, pathways and different T-cell subpopulations. Inborn errors of immunity (IEIs) represent unique models to decipher some of these requirements in humans. More than 500 different IEIs have been reported to date, and recently a subgroup of monogenic disorders characterized by memory T-cell defects has emerged, providing novel insights into the pathways of T-cell memory generation and maintenance, although this new knowledge is mostly restricted to peripheral blood T-cell memory populations. RECENT FINDINGS This review draws up an inventory of the main and recent IEIs associated with T-cell memory defects and their mice models, with a particular focus on the nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) signalling pathway, including the scaffold protein capping protein regulator and myosin 1 linker 2 (CARMIL2) and the T-cell co-stimulatory molecules CD28 and OX-40. Besides NF-κB, IKZF1 (IKAROS), a key transcription factor of haematopoiesis and STAT3-dependent interleukin-6 signals involving the transcription factor ZNF341 also appear to be important for the generation of T cell memory. Somatic reversion mosaicism in memory T cells is documented for several gene defects supporting the critical role of these factors in the development of memory T cells with a potential clinical benefit. SUMMARY Systematic examination of T-cell memory subsets could be helpful in the diagnosis of IEIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Boutboul
- Laboratory of Lymphocyte Activation and Susceptibility to EBV infection, INSERM UMR 1163, Imagine Institute
- Haematology department, Hospital Cochin, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (APHP)
- Université de Paris Cité
| | - Capucine Picard
- Laboratory of Lymphocyte Activation and Susceptibility to EBV infection, INSERM UMR 1163, Imagine Institute
- Study Center for Primary Immunodeficiencies, Necker-Enfants Malades Hospital
- Université de Paris Cité
- Centre de références des déficits immunitaires Héréditaires (CEREDIH), Necker-Enfants Malades Hospital APHP, Paris, France
| | - Sylvain Latour
- Laboratory of Lymphocyte Activation and Susceptibility to EBV infection, INSERM UMR 1163, Imagine Institute
- Université de Paris Cité
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2
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Wei W, Bai H, Zhang T, Cai S, Zhou Y, Liu M, Zhang Y, Chen Y, Hua J, He J, Ding N, Miao G, Wang J. Regulation of Circulating miR-342-3p Alleviates the Radiation-Induced Immune System Injury. Radiat Res 2023; 200:556-568. [PMID: 37874034 DOI: 10.1667/rade-23-00125.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
Ionizing radiation in space, radiation devices or nuclear disasters are major threats to human health and public security. Expanding countermeasures for dealing with accidental or occupational radiation exposure is crucial for the protection of radiation injuries. Circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) have emerged as promising radiation biomarkers in recent years. However, the origin, distribution and functions of radiosensitive circulating miRNAs remain unclear, which obstructs their clinical applications in the future. In this study, we found that mmu-miR-342-3p (miR-342) in mouse serum presents a stable and significant decrease after X-ray total-body irradiation (TBI). Focusing on this miRNA, we investigated the influences of circulating miR-342 on the radiation-induced injury. Through tail vein injection of Cy5-labeled synthetic miR-342, we found the exogenous miR-342-Cy5 was mainly enriched in metabolic and immune organs. Besides, the bioinformatic analysis predicted that miR-342 might involve in immune-related processes or pathways. Further, mice were tail vein injected with synthetic miR-342 mimetics (Ago-miR-342) after irradiation to upregulate the level of miR-342 in circulating blood. The results showed that the upregulation of circulating miR-342 alleviated the radiation-induced depletion of CD3+CD4+ T lymphocytes and influenced the levels of IL-2 and IL-6 in irradiated mice. Moreover, the injection of Ago-miR-342 improved the survival rates of mice with acute radiation injury. Our findings demonstrate that upregulation of circulating miR-342 alleviates the radiation-induced immune system injury, which provides us new insights into the functions of circulating miRNAs and the prospect as the targets for mitigation of radiation injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjun Wei
- Biomedical Research Center, Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Hao Bai
- Biomedical Research Center, Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
- Laboratory of Radiation Medicine, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Tianyi Zhang
- Biomedical Research Center, Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Shufan Cai
- Biomedical Research Center, Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
- School of Nuclear Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Yumeng Zhou
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050, China
| | - Min Liu
- Biomedical Research Center, Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Yanan Zhang
- Biomedical Research Center, Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Yaxiong Chen
- Biomedical Research Center, Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Junrui Hua
- Biomedical Research Center, Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Jinpeng He
- Biomedical Research Center, Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Nan Ding
- Biomedical Research Center, Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - GuoYing Miao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Gansu Provincial Central Hospital, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Jufang Wang
- Biomedical Research Center, Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
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3
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Becker M, Joseph SS, Garcia-Carrizo F, Tom RZ, Opaleva D, Serr I, Tschöp MH, Schulz TJ, Hofmann SM, Daniel C. Regulatory T cells require IL6 receptor alpha signaling to control skeletal muscle function and regeneration. Cell Metab 2023; 35:1736-1751.e7. [PMID: 37734370 PMCID: PMC10563138 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2023.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023]
Abstract
Muscle-residing regulatory T cells (Tregs) control local tissue integrity and function. However, the molecular interface connecting Treg-based regulation with muscle function and regeneration remains largely unexplored. Here, we show that exercise fosters a stable induction of highly functional muscle-residing Tregs with increased expression of amphiregulin (Areg), EGFR, and ST2. Mechanistically, we find that mice lacking IL6Rα on T cells (TKO) harbor significant reductions in muscle Treg functionality and satellite and fibro-adipogenic progenitor cells, which are required for muscle regeneration. Using exercise and sarcopenia models, IL6Rα TKO mice demonstrate deficits in Tregs, their functional maturation, and a more pronounced decline in muscle mass. Muscle injury models indicate that IL6Rα TKO mice have significant disabilities in muscle regeneration. Treg gain of function restores impaired muscle repair in IL6Rα TKO mice. Of note, pharmacological IL6R blockade in WT mice phenocopies deficits in muscle function identified in IL6Rα TKO mice, thereby highlighting the clinical implications of the findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maike Becker
- Research Unit Type 1 Diabetes Immunology, Helmholtz Diabetes Center at Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764 Munich-Neuherberg, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), 85764 Munich-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Sini S Joseph
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), 85764 Munich-Neuherberg, Germany; Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Diabetes Center at Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764 Munich-Neuherberg, Germany; Division of Metabolic Diseases, Department of Medicine, Technische Universität München, 80333 Munich, Germany
| | - Francisco Garcia-Carrizo
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), 85764 Munich-Neuherberg, Germany; Department of Adipocyte Development and Nutrition, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbrücke, 14558 Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Robby Z Tom
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), 85764 Munich-Neuherberg, Germany; Institute for Diabetes and Regeneration, Helmholtz Diabetes Center at Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764 Munich-Neuherberg, Germany; Department of Medicine IV, University Hospital, LMU Munich, 80336 Munich, Germany
| | - Daria Opaleva
- Research Unit Type 1 Diabetes Immunology, Helmholtz Diabetes Center at Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764 Munich-Neuherberg, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), 85764 Munich-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Isabelle Serr
- Research Unit Type 1 Diabetes Immunology, Helmholtz Diabetes Center at Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764 Munich-Neuherberg, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), 85764 Munich-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Matthias H Tschöp
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), 85764 Munich-Neuherberg, Germany; Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Diabetes Center at Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764 Munich-Neuherberg, Germany; Division of Metabolic Diseases, Department of Medicine, Technische Universität München, 80333 Munich, Germany
| | - Tim J Schulz
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), 85764 Munich-Neuherberg, Germany; Department of Adipocyte Development and Nutrition, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbrücke, 14558 Nuthetal, Germany; University of Potsdam, Institute of Nutritional Science, Potsdam-Rehbrücke, 14558 Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Susanna M Hofmann
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), 85764 Munich-Neuherberg, Germany; Institute for Diabetes and Regeneration, Helmholtz Diabetes Center at Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764 Munich-Neuherberg, Germany; Department of Medicine IV, University Hospital, LMU Munich, 80336 Munich, Germany
| | - Carolin Daniel
- Research Unit Type 1 Diabetes Immunology, Helmholtz Diabetes Center at Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764 Munich-Neuherberg, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), 85764 Munich-Neuherberg, Germany; Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine IV, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 80337 Munich, Germany.
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4
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Toney NJ, Schlom J, Donahue RN. Phosphoflow cytometry to assess cytokine signaling pathways in peripheral immune cells: potential for inferring immune cell function and treatment response in patients with solid tumors. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2023; 42:247. [PMID: 37741983 PMCID: PMC10517546 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-023-02802-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor biopsy is often not available or difficult to obtain in patients with solid tumors. Investigation of the peripheral immune system allows for in-depth and dynamic profiling of patient immune response prior to and over the course of treatment and disease. Phosphoflow cytometry is a flow cytometry‒based method to detect levels of phosphorylated proteins in single cells. This method can be applied to peripheral immune cells to determine responsiveness of signaling pathways in specific immune subsets to cytokine stimulation, improving on simply defining numbers of populations of cells based on cell surface markers. Here, we review studies using phosphoflow cytometry to (a) investigate signaling pathways in cancer patients' peripheral immune cells compared with healthy donors, (b) compare immune cell function in peripheral immune cells with the tumor microenvironment, (c) determine the effects of agents on the immune system, and (d) predict cancer patient response to treatment and outcome. In addition, we explore the use and potential of phosphoflow cytometry in preclinical cancer models. We believe this review is the first to provide a comprehensive summary of how phosphoflow cytometry can be applied in the field of cancer immunology, and demonstrates that this approach holds promise in exploring the mechanisms of response or resistance to immunotherapy both prior to and during the course of treatment. Additionally, it can help identify potential therapeutic avenues that can restore normal immune cell function and improve cancer patient outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole J Toney
- Center for Immuno-Oncology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jeffrey Schlom
- Center for Immuno-Oncology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
| | - Renee N Donahue
- Center for Immuno-Oncology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
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Bird MF, Hebbes CP, Tamang A, Willets JM, Thompson JP, Guerrini R, Calo G, Lambert DG. In vitro sepsis up-regulates Nociceptin/Orphanin FQ receptor expression and function on human T- but not B-cells. Br J Pharmacol 2023; 180:2298-2314. [PMID: 37021779 PMCID: PMC10953342 DOI: 10.1111/bph.16088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE In animal models of sepsis, increased activation of the Nociceptin/Orphanin FQ (N/OFQ) receptor NOP is associated with mortality and NOP antagonists improved survival. We have explored the role of the N/OFQ-NOP system in freshly isolated volunteer human B- and T-cells incubated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and peptidoglycan G (PepG) as a model of in vitro sepsis. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH B- and T-cell NOP expression was measured using the NOP fluorescent probe N/OFQATTO594 , N/OFQ content was measured using immunofluorescence, N/OFQ release was tracked using a CHOhNOPGαiq5 biosensor assay and NOP function was measured using transwell migration and cytokine/chemokine release using a 25-plex assay format. Cells were challenged with LPS/PepG. KEY RESULTS CD19-positive B-cells bound N/OFQATTO594 ; they also contain N/OFQ. Stimulation with CXCL13/IL-4 increased N/OFQ release. N/OFQ trended to reduced migration to CXCL13/IL-4. Surface NOP expression was unaffected by LPS/PepG, but this treatment increased GM-CSF release in an N/OFQ sensitive manner. CD3-positive T-cells did not bind N/OFQATTO594 ; they did contain N/OFQ. Stimulation with CXCL12/IL-6 increased N/OFQ release. When incubated with LPS/PepG, NOP surface expression was induced leading to N/OFQATTO594 binding. In LPS/PepG-treated cells, N/OFQ reduced migration to CXCL12/IL-6. LPS/PepG increased GM-CSF release in an N/OFQ sensitive manner. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS We suggest both a constitutive and sepsis-inducible N/OFQ-NOP receptor autocrine regulation of B- and T-cell function, respectively. These NOP receptors variably inhibit migration and reduce GM-CSF release. These data provide mechanistic insights to the detrimental role for increased N/OFQ signalling in sepsis and suggest a potential role for NOP antagonists as treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark F. Bird
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Anaesthesia, Critical Care and Pain ManagementUniversity of LeicesterLeicesterUK
| | - Christopher P. Hebbes
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Anaesthesia, Critical Care and Pain ManagementUniversity of LeicesterLeicesterUK
| | | | | | - Jonathan P. Thompson
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Anaesthesia, Critical Care and Pain ManagementUniversity of LeicesterLeicesterUK
| | - Remo Guerrini
- Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural SciencesUniversity of FerraraFerraraItaly
| | - Girolamo Calo
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological SciencesUniversity of PadovaPaduaItaly
| | - David G. Lambert
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Anaesthesia, Critical Care and Pain ManagementUniversity of LeicesterLeicesterUK
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6
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Zhang Y, Gao S, Yao S, Weng D, Wang Y, Huang Q, Zhang X, Wang H, Xu W. IL-27 mediates immune response of pneumococcal vaccine SPY1 through Th17 and memory CD4 +T cells. iScience 2023; 26:107464. [PMID: 37588169 PMCID: PMC10425906 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.107464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Vaccination is an effective means of preventing pneumococcal disease and SPY1 is a live attenuated pneumococcal vaccine we obtained earlier. We found IL-27 and its specific receptor (WSX-1) were increased in SPY1 vaccinated mice. Bacterial clearance and survival rates were decreased in SPY1 vaccinated IL-27Rα-/- mice. The vaccine-induced Th17 cell response and IgA secretion were also suppressed in IL-27Rα-/- mice. STAT3 and NF-κB signaling and expression of the Th17 cell polarization-related cytokines were also decreased in IL-27Rα-/- bone-marrow-derived dendritic cells(BMDC) stimulated with inactivated SPY1. The numbers of memory CD4+T cells were also decreased in SPY1 vaccinated IL-27Rα-/- mice. These results suggested that IL-27 plays a protective role in SPY1 vaccine by promoting Th17 polarization through STAT3 and NF-κB signaling pathways and memory CD4+T cells production in the SPY1 vaccine. In addition, we found that the immune protection of SPY1 vaccine was independent of aerobic glycolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanyu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medical Diagnostics Designated by the Ministry of Education, School of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Song Gao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, School of Laboratory Medicine, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Shifei Yao
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medical Diagnostics Designated by the Ministry of Education, School of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Danlin Weng
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medical Diagnostics Designated by the Ministry of Education, School of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medical Diagnostics Designated by the Ministry of Education, School of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qi Huang
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medical Diagnostics Designated by the Ministry of Education, School of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xuemei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medical Diagnostics Designated by the Ministry of Education, School of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medical Diagnostics Designated by the Ministry of Education, School of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Wenchun Xu
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medical Diagnostics Designated by the Ministry of Education, School of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Chang LY, Shan J, Hou XX, Li DJ, Wang XQ. Synergy between Th1 and Th2 responses during endometriosis: A review of current understanding. J Reprod Immunol 2023; 158:103975. [PMID: 37331087 DOI: 10.1016/j.jri.2023.103975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2023] [Revised: 05/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023]
Abstract
Endometriosis is widely perceived as an estrogen-dependent chronic disorder with infertility and pelvic pain. Although the etiology of endometriosis has remained elusive, many studies have proclaimed the relevance of immune system disorders with endometriosis. With the discovery that the dysregulation of multiple biological functions in endometriosis is caused by the aberrant differentiation of T helper cells, a shift towards Th2 immune response may account for the disease progression. This review attempts to present mechanisms of cytokines, chemokines, signal pathways, transcription factors and some other factors related with the derivation of Th1/Th2 immune response involved in the development of endometriosis. The current understanding of treatment approaches and potential therapeutic targets will also be outlined with brief discussion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling-Yu Chang
- Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fudan University, Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Jing Shan
- Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fudan University, Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Xin-Xin Hou
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Da-Jin Li
- Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fudan University, Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai 200011, China.
| | - Xiao-Qiu Wang
- Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fudan University, Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai 200011, China.
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Mohan D, Sherman HL, Mitra A, Lawlor R, Shanthalingam S, Ullom J, Pobezinskaya EL, Zhang G, Osborne BA, Pobezinsky LA, Tew GN, Minter LM. LKB1 isoform expression modulates T cell plasticity downstream of PKCθ and IL-6. Mol Immunol 2023; 157:129-141. [PMID: 37018939 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2023.03.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2022] [Revised: 03/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/26/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023]
Abstract
Following activation, CD4 T cells undergo metabolic and transcriptional changes as they respond to external cues and differentiate into T helper (Th) cells. T cells exhibit plasticity between Th phenotypes in highly inflammatory environments, such as colitis, in which high levels of IL-6 promote plasticity between regulatory T (Treg) cells and Th17 cells. Protein Kinase C theta (PKCθ) is a T cell-specific serine/threonine kinase that promotes Th17 differentiation while negatively regulating Treg differentiation. Liver kinase B1 (LKB1), also a serine/threonine kinase and encoded by Stk11, is necessary for Treg survival and function. Stk11 can be alternatively spliced to produce a short variant (Stk11S) by transcribing a cryptic exon. However, the contribution of Stk11 splice variants to Th cell differentiation has not been previously explored. Here we show that in Th17 cells, the heterogeneous ribonucleoprotein, hnRNPLL, mediates Stk11 splicing into its short splice variant, and that Stk11S expression is diminished when Hnrnpll is depleted using siRNA knock-down approaches. We further show that PKCθ regulates hnRNPLL and, thus, Stk11S expression in Th17 cells. We provide additional evidence that exposing induced (i)Tregs to IL-6 culminates in Stk11 splicing downstream of PKCθAltogether our data reveal a yet undescribed outside-in signaling pathway initiated by IL-6, that acts through PKCθ and hnRNPLL to regulate Stk11 splice variants and facilitate Th17 cell differentiation. Furthermore, we show for the first time, that this pathway can also be initiated in developing iTregs exposed to IL-6, providing mechanistic insight into iTreg phenotypic stability and iTreg to Th17 cell plasticity.
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9
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Lion J, Maitre ML, de Truchis C, Taupin JL, Poussin K, Haziot A, Chong E, Glotz D, Mooney N. Restriction of interleukin-6 alters endothelial cell immunogenicity in an allogenic environment. Clin Transplant 2023; 37:e14851. [PMID: 36495142 DOI: 10.1111/ctr.14851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The microvascular endothelium of the renal transplant is the first site of graft interaction with the host immune system and is often injured in chronic Antibody Mediated Rejection (AMR). Microvascular inflammation is an independent determinant of AMR and heightens endothelial expression of HLA molecules thereby increasing the possibility of Donor Specific Antibody (DSA) binding. Endothelial cells produce IL-6 in the steady-state and this is increased by inflammation or by HLA-DR antibody binding in an allogeneic setting. Because IL-6 has been implicated in AMR, IL-6 blockade is currently under investigation as a therapeutic target. To further understand the role of IL-6 in endothelial cell immunogenicity, we have examined whether humanized antibody blockade of IL-6 altered endothelial cell interactions with allogeneic PBMC and after anti-HLA or DSA binding to endothelial cells in an in vitro human experimental model. Soluble factors, endothelial phenotype, Stat-3 activation, CD4+ -T differentiation, and C4d deposition were examined. Blockade of IL-6 reduced endothelial cell secretion of IL-6 and of the monocyte chemoattractant MCP-1. Pre-activation of endothelial cells by anti-HLA or DSA binding increased IL-6 secretion, that was further increased by concurrent binding of both antibodies and this was inhibited by IL-6 blockade. Activation of Stat-3 in CD4+ -T mediated by soluble factors produced in endothelial-PBMC interactions, and endothelial differentiation of CD4+ -T cell subsets (Th1, Th17, Treg), were impaired whereas activation of Complement by anti-HLA antibody binding remained unchanged by IL-6 blockade. Together, these data identify EC-mediated pro-inflammatory responses (T cell expansion, EC auto-activation, chemokine secretion) targeted by IL-6 blockade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julien Lion
- INSERM U976, Institut de Recherche Saint Louis, Paris
| | | | | | | | | | - Alain Haziot
- INSERM U976, Institut de Recherche Saint Louis, Paris.,Université de Paris, Paris
| | | | - Denis Glotz
- INSERM U976, Institut de Recherche Saint Louis, Paris.,Université de Paris, Paris
| | - Nuala Mooney
- INSERM U976, Institut de Recherche Saint Louis, Paris.,Université de Paris, Paris
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10
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Daniels MA, Luera D, Teixeiro E. NFκB signaling in T cell memory. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1129191. [PMID: 36911729 PMCID: PMC9998984 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1129191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Memory T cells play an essential role in protecting against infectious diseases and cancer and contribute to autoimmunity and transplant rejection. Understanding how they are generated and maintained in the context of infection or vaccination holds promise to improve current immune-based therapies. At the beginning of any immune response, naïve T cells are activated and differentiate into cells with effector function capabilities. In the context of infection, most of these cells die once the pathogenic antigen has been cleared. Only a few of them persist and differentiate into memory T cells. These memory T cells are essential to host immunity because they are long-lived and can perform effector functions immediately upon re-infection. How a cell becomes a memory T cell and continues being one for months and even years past the initial infection is still not fully understood. Recent reviews have thoroughly discussed the transcriptional, epigenomic, and metabolic mechanisms that govern T cell memory differentiation. Yet much less is known of how signaling pathways that are common circuitries of multiple environmental signals regulate T cell outcome and, precisely, T cell memory. The function of the NFκB signaling system is perhaps best understood in innate cells. Recent findings suggest that NFκB signaling plays an essential and unique role in generating and maintaining CD8 T cell memory. This review aims to summarize these findings and discuss the remaining questions in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark A. Daniels
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
- Roy Blunt NextGen Precision Health Building, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
| | - Dezzarae Luera
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
- Roy Blunt NextGen Precision Health Building, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
| | - Emma Teixeiro
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
- Roy Blunt NextGen Precision Health Building, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
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11
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Zhao Z, Grégoire C, Oliveira B, Chung K, Melenhorst JJ. Challenges and opportunities of CAR T cell therapies for CLL. Semin Hematol 2023; 60:25-33. [PMID: 37080707 DOI: 10.1053/j.seminhematol.2023.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapies have transformed the treatment landscape of blood cancers. These engineered receptors which endow T cells with antibody-like target cell recognition combined with the typical T cell target cell lysis abilities. Introduced into the clinic in the 2010s, CAR T-cells have shown efficacy in chronic B lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), but a majority of patients do not achieve sustained remission. Here we discuss the current treatment landscape in CLL using small molecules and allogeneic stem cell transplantation, the niche CAR T-cells filled in this context, and what we have learned from biomarker and mechanistic studies. Several product parameters and improvements are introduced as examples of how the bedside-to-bench is translated into improved CAR T-cells for CLL. We hope to convey to our readers the crucial role translational medicine plays in transforming the treatment outcomes for patients with CLL and how this line of research is an essential component of modern medicine.
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12
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Huseni MA, Wang L, Klementowicz JE, Yuen K, Breart B, Orr C, Liu LF, Li Y, Gupta V, Li C, Rishipathak D, Peng J, Şenbabaoǧlu Y, Modrusan Z, Keerthivasan S, Madireddi S, Chen YJ, Fraser EJ, Leng N, Hamidi H, Koeppen H, Ziai J, Hashimoto K, Fassò M, Williams P, McDermott DF, Rosenberg JE, Powles T, Emens LA, Hegde PS, Mellman I, Turley SJ, Wilson MS, Mariathasan S, Molinero L, Merchant M, West NR. CD8 + T cell-intrinsic IL-6 signaling promotes resistance to anti-PD-L1 immunotherapy. Cell Rep Med 2023; 4:100878. [PMID: 36599350 PMCID: PMC9873827 DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2022.100878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Revised: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Although immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are established as effective cancer therapies, overcoming therapeutic resistance remains a critical challenge. Here we identify interleukin 6 (IL-6) as a correlate of poor response to atezolizumab (anti-PD-L1) in large clinical trials of advanced kidney, breast, and bladder cancers. In pre-clinical models, combined blockade of PD-L1 and the IL-6 receptor (IL6R) causes synergistic regression of large established tumors and substantially improves anti-tumor CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) responses compared with anti-PD-L1 alone. Circulating CTLs from cancer patients with high plasma IL-6 display a repressed functional profile based on single-cell RNA sequencing, and IL-6-STAT3 signaling inhibits classical cytotoxic differentiation of CTLs in vitro. In tumor-bearing mice, CTL-specific IL6R deficiency is sufficient to improve anti-PD-L1 activity. Thus, based on both clinical and experimental evidence, agents targeting IL-6 signaling are plausible partners for combination with ICIs in cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lifen Wang
- Genentech, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | | | - Kobe Yuen
- Genentech, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | | | | | - Li-Fen Liu
- Genentech, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Yijin Li
- Genentech, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | | | - Congfen Li
- Genentech, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | | | - Jing Peng
- Genentech, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Ning Leng
- Genentech, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | | | | | - James Ziai
- Genentech, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Jonathan E Rosenberg
- Genitourinary Oncology Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Thomas Powles
- Barts Experimental Cancer Medicine Centre, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Leisha A Emens
- University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | | | - Ira Mellman
- Genentech, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
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13
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Madissoon E, Oliver AJ, Kleshchevnikov V, Wilbrey-Clark A, Polanski K, Richoz N, Ribeiro Orsi A, Mamanova L, Bolt L, Elmentaite R, Pett JP, Huang N, Xu C, He P, Dabrowska M, Pritchard S, Tuck L, Prigmore E, Perera S, Knights A, Oszlanczi A, Hunter A, Vieira SF, Patel M, Lindeboom RGH, Campos LS, Matsuo K, Nakayama T, Yoshida M, Worlock KB, Nikolić MZ, Georgakopoulos N, Mahbubani KT, Saeb-Parsy K, Bayraktar OA, Clatworthy MR, Stegle O, Kumasaka N, Teichmann SA, Meyer KB. A spatially resolved atlas of the human lung characterizes a gland-associated immune niche. Nat Genet 2023; 55:66-77. [PMID: 36543915 PMCID: PMC9839452 DOI: 10.1038/s41588-022-01243-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Single-cell transcriptomics has allowed unprecedented resolution of cell types/states in the human lung, but their spatial context is less well defined. To (re)define tissue architecture of lung and airways, we profiled five proximal-to-distal locations of healthy human lungs in depth using multi-omic single cell/nuclei and spatial transcriptomics (queryable at lungcellatlas.org ). Using computational data integration and analysis, we extend beyond the suspension cell paradigm and discover macro and micro-anatomical tissue compartments including previously unannotated cell types in the epithelial, vascular, stromal and nerve bundle micro-environments. We identify and implicate peribronchial fibroblasts in lung disease. Importantly, we discover and validate a survival niche for IgA plasma cells in the airway submucosal glands (SMG). We show that gland epithelial cells recruit B cells and IgA plasma cells, and promote longevity and antibody secretion locally through expression of CCL28, APRIL and IL-6. This new 'gland-associated immune niche' has implications for respiratory health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elo Madissoon
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Cambridge, UK
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - Amanda J Oliver
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | | | | | | | - Nathan Richoz
- Molecular Immunity Unit, University of Cambridge Department of Medicine, MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Francis Crick Ave, Cambridge, UK
| | - Ana Ribeiro Orsi
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Genetics and Evolutionary Biology, Institute of Biosciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Lira Mamanova
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - Liam Bolt
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - Rasa Elmentaite
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - J Patrick Pett
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - Ni Huang
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - Chuan Xu
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - Peng He
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Cambridge, UK
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - Monika Dabrowska
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - Sophie Pritchard
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - Liz Tuck
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - Elena Prigmore
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - Shani Perera
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - Andrew Knights
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - Agnes Oszlanczi
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - Adam Hunter
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - Sara F Vieira
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - Minal Patel
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Lia S Campos
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | | | | | - Masahiro Yoshida
- UCL Respiratory, Division of Medicine, University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Kaylee B Worlock
- UCL Respiratory, Division of Medicine, University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Marko Z Nikolić
- UCL Respiratory, Division of Medicine, University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Nikitas Georgakopoulos
- Department of Surgery, University of Cambridge, and Cambridge NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Cambridge, UK
| | - Krishnaa T Mahbubani
- Department of Surgery, University of Cambridge, and Cambridge NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Cambridge, UK
| | - Kourosh Saeb-Parsy
- Department of Surgery, University of Cambridge, and Cambridge NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Menna R Clatworthy
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Cambridge, UK
- Molecular Immunity Unit, University of Cambridge Department of Medicine, MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Francis Crick Ave, Cambridge, UK
| | - Oliver Stegle
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Cambridge, UK
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Heidelberg, Germany
- Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Sarah A Teichmann
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Cambridge, UK.
- Theory of Condensed Matter, Cavendish Laboratory/Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
| | - Kerstin B Meyer
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Cambridge, UK.
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14
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Opposing Roles of DCs and iNKT Cells in the Induction of Foxp3 Expression by MLN CD25 +CD4 + T Cells during IFNγ-Driven Colitis. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232315316. [PMID: 36499642 PMCID: PMC9738888 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232315316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 10/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/07/2022] Open
Abstract
We have previously shown that a deficiency of CD1d-restricted invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells exacerbates dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis in Yeti mice that exhibit IFNγ-mediated hyper-inflammation. Although iNKT cell-deficiency resulted in reduced Foxp3 expression by mesenteric lymph node (MLN) CD4+ T cells in DSS-treated Yeti mice, the cellular mechanisms that regulate Foxp3 expression by CD25+CD4+ T cells during intestinal inflammation remain unclear. We found that Foxp3-CD25+CD4+ T cells expressing Th1 and Th17 phenotypic hallmarks preferentially expanded in the MLNs of DSS-treated Yeti/CD1d knockout (KO) mice. Moreover, adoptive transfer of Yeti iNKT cells into iNKT cell-deficient Jα18 KO mice effectively suppressed the expansion of MLN Foxp3-CD25+CD4+ T cells during DSS-induced colitis. Interestingly, MLN dendritic cells (DCs) purified from DSS-treated Yeti/CD1d KO mice promoted the differentiation of naive CD4+ T cells into Foxp3-CD25+CD4+ T cells rather than regulatory T (Treg) cells, indicating that MLN DCs might mediate Foxp3+CD25+CD4+ T cell expansion in iNKT cell-sufficient Yeti mice. Furthermore, we showed that Foxp3-CD25+CD4+ T cells were pathogenic in DSS-treated Yeti/CD1d KO mice. Our result suggests that pro-inflammatory DCs and CD1d-restricted iNKT cells play opposing roles in Foxp3 expression by MLN CD25+CD4+ T cells during IFNγ-mediated intestinal inflammation, with potential therapeutic implications.
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15
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Chandran S, Tang Q. Impact of interleukin-6 on T cells in kidney transplant recipients. Am J Transplant 2022; 22 Suppl 4:18-27. [PMID: 36453710 DOI: 10.1111/ajt.17209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Interleukin-6 (IL-6), a multifunctional proinflammatory cytokine, plays a key role in T cell activation, survival, and differentiation. Acting as a switch that induces the differentiation of naïve T cells into Th17 cells and inhibits their development into regulatory T cells, IL-6 promotes rejection and abrogates tolerance. Therapies that target IL-6 signaling include antibodies to IL-6 and the IL-6 receptor and inhibitors of janus kinases; several of these therapeutics have demonstrated robust clinical efficacy in autoimmune and inflammatory diseases. Clinical trials of IL-6 inhibition in kidney transplantation have focused primarily on its effects on B cells, plasma cells, and HLA antibodies. In this review, we summarize the impact of IL-6 on T cells in experimental models of transplant and describe the effects of IL-6 inhibition on the T cell compartment in kidney transplant recipients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sindhu Chandran
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Qizhi Tang
- Department of Surgery, Diabetes Center, Gladstone-UCSF Institute of Genome Immunology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
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16
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Lion J, Maitre ML, de Truchis C, Taupin JL, Poussin K, Haziot A, Chong E, Glotz D, Mooney N. Restriction of interleukin-6 alters endothelial cell immunogenicity in an allogenic environment. Clin Transplant 2022; 36:e14815. [PMID: 36114597 DOI: 10.1111/ctr.14815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The microvascular endothelium of the renal transplant is the first site of graft interaction with the host immune system and is often injured in chronic Antibody Mediated Rejection (AMR). Microvascular inflammation is an independent determinant of AMR and heightens endothelial expression of human leukocyte antigen (HLA) molecules thereby increasing the possibility of Donor Specific Antibody (DSA) binding. Endothelial cells (ECs) produce IL-6 in the steady-state that is increased by inflammation or by HLA-DR antibody binding in an allogeneic setting. Because IL-6 has been implicated in AMR, IL-6 blockade is currently under investigation as a therapeutic target. To further understand the role of IL-6 in EC immunogenicity, we have examined whether humanized antibody blockade of IL-6 altered EC interactions with allogeneic PBMC and after anti-HLA or DSA binding to ECs in an in vitro human experimental model. Soluble factors, endothelial phenotype, Stat-3 activation, CD4+ -T differentiation and C4d deposition were examined. Blockade of IL-6 reduced EC secretion of IL-6 and of the monocyte chemoattractant MCP-1. Pre-activation of ECs by anti-HLA or DSA binding increased IL-6 secretion, that was further increased by concurrent binding of both antibodies and this was inhibited by IL-6 blockade. Activation of Stat-3 in CD4+ -T mediated by soluble factors produced in endothelial-PBMC interactions, and endothelial differentiation of CD4+ -T cell subsets (Th1, Treg), were impaired whereas activation of Complement by anti-HLA antibody binding remained unchanged by IL-6 blockade. Together, these data identify EC-mediated pro-inflammatory responses (T cell expansion, EC auto-activation, chemokine secretion) targeted by IL-6 blockade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julien Lion
- INSERM U976, Institut de Recherche Saint Louis, Paris, France
| | | | | | - Jean-Luc Taupin
- INSERM U976, Institut de Recherche Saint Louis, Paris, France
| | - Karine Poussin
- INSERM U976, Institut de Recherche Saint Louis, Paris, France
| | - Alain Haziot
- INSERM U976, Institut de Recherche Saint Louis, Paris, France.,Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | | | - Denis Glotz
- INSERM U976, Institut de Recherche Saint Louis, Paris, France.,Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Nuala Mooney
- INSERM U976, Institut de Recherche Saint Louis, Paris, France.,Université de Paris, Paris, France
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17
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Pascolutti R, Yeturu L, Philippin G, Costa Borges S, Dejob M, Santiago-Raber ML, Derouazi M. ATP128 Clinical Therapeutic Cancer Vaccine Activates NF-κB and IRF3 Pathways through TLR4 and TLR2 in Human Monocytes and Dendritic Cells. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14205134. [PMID: 36291919 PMCID: PMC9600632 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14205134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of cancer vaccines is a promising therapeutic strategy able to stimulate anti-tumor immunity by inducing both humoral and cellular immunity. In this study, antigen presenting cells play a key role by inducing a strong activation of the T cell-mediated adaptive immune response, essential for the anti-tumor potential of cancer vaccines. The first human candidate vaccine created from the KISIMA platform, ATP128, bears three tumor-associated antigens highly expressed in colorectal cancer tissues. At the N-terminus, the cell-penetrating peptide allows the antigen delivery inside the cell and, together with the TLR agonist-derived peptide at the C-terminus, ensures the activation of the monocyte-derived dendritic cells. Here, we show that ATP128 leads to both NF-κB and IRF3 pathway activation, with subsequent pro-inflammatory cytokines and type I Interferon release, as well as an increase in the expression of costimulatory molecules, alongside an upregulation of MHC class I molecules. This cellular immune response involves TLR2 and TLR4, for both membrane and intracellular signaling. We demonstrated an endocytic component in ATP128’s activity by combining the use of a variant of ATP128 lacking the cell-penetrating peptide with endocytosis inhibitors. Importantly, this internalization step is detemined essential for the activation of the IRF3 pathway. This study validates the design of the self-adjuvanting ATP128 vaccine for cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Pascolutti
- AMAL Therapeutics, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland
- Boehringer-Ingelheim GmbH, 55216 Ingelheim, Germany
| | - Lakshmi Yeturu
- AMAL Therapeutics, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland
- Boehringer-Ingelheim GmbH, 55216 Ingelheim, Germany
| | - Géraldine Philippin
- AMAL Therapeutics, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland
- Boehringer-Ingelheim GmbH, 55216 Ingelheim, Germany
| | - Stéphane Costa Borges
- AMAL Therapeutics, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland
- Boehringer-Ingelheim GmbH, 55216 Ingelheim, Germany
| | - Magali Dejob
- AMAL Therapeutics, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland
- Boehringer-Ingelheim GmbH, 55216 Ingelheim, Germany
| | - Marie-Laure Santiago-Raber
- AMAL Therapeutics, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland
- Boehringer-Ingelheim GmbH, 55216 Ingelheim, Germany
- Correspondence: (M.-L.S.-R.); (M.D.)
| | - Madiha Derouazi
- AMAL Therapeutics, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland
- Boehringer-Ingelheim GmbH, 55216 Ingelheim, Germany
- Correspondence: (M.-L.S.-R.); (M.D.)
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18
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Jha A, Ahad A, Mishra GP, Sen K, Smita S, Minz AP, Biswas VK, Tripathy A, Senapati S, Gupta B, Acha-Orbea H, Raghav SK. SMRT and NCoR1 fine-tune inflammatory versus tolerogenic balance in dendritic cells by differentially regulating STAT3 signaling. Front Immunol 2022; 13:910705. [PMID: 36238311 PMCID: PMC9552960 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.910705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Dendritic cell (DC) fine-tunes inflammatory versus tolerogenic responses to protect from immune-pathology. However, the role of co-regulators in maintaining this balance is unexplored. NCoR1-mediated repression of DC immune-tolerance has been recently reported. Here we found that depletion of NCoR1 paralog SMRT (NCoR2) enhanced cDC1 activation and expression of IL-6, IL-12 and IL-23 while concomitantly decreasing IL-10 expression/secretion. Consequently, co-cultured CD4+ and CD8+ T-cells depicted enhanced Th1/Th17 frequency and cytotoxicity, respectively. Comparative genomic and transcriptomic analysis demonstrated differential regulation of IL-10 by SMRT and NCoR1. SMRT depletion represses mTOR-STAT3-IL10 signaling in cDC1 by down-regulating NR4A1. Besides, Nfkbia and Socs3 were down-regulated in Ncor2 (Smrt) depleted cDC1, supporting increased production of inflammatory cytokines. Moreover, studies in mice showed, adoptive transfer of SMRT depleted cDC1 in OVA-DTH induced footpad inflammation led to increased Th1/Th17 and reduced tumor burden after B16 melanoma injection by enhancing oncolytic CD8+ T-cell frequency, respectively. We also depicted decreased Ncor2 expression in Rheumatoid Arthritis, a Th1/Th17 disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atimukta Jha
- Immuno-genomics & Systems Biology laboratory, Institute of Life Sciences (ILS), Bhubaneswar, OR, India
- Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, KA, India
| | - Abdul Ahad
- Immuno-genomics & Systems Biology laboratory, Institute of Life Sciences (ILS), Bhubaneswar, OR, India
- Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, KA, India
| | - Gyan Prakash Mishra
- Immuno-genomics & Systems Biology laboratory, Institute of Life Sciences (ILS), Bhubaneswar, OR, India
- Department of Biotechnology, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology (KIIT), Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Kaushik Sen
- Regional Centre for Biotechnology, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, Haryana, India
| | - Shuchi Smita
- Immuno-genomics & Systems Biology laboratory, Institute of Life Sciences (ILS), Bhubaneswar, OR, India
- Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, KA, India
| | - Aliva Prity Minz
- Immuno-genomics & Systems Biology laboratory, Institute of Life Sciences (ILS), Bhubaneswar, OR, India
| | - Viplov Kumar Biswas
- Immuno-genomics & Systems Biology laboratory, Institute of Life Sciences (ILS), Bhubaneswar, OR, India
- Department of Biotechnology, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology (KIIT), Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Archana Tripathy
- Department of Biotechnology, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology (KIIT), Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Shantibhushan Senapati
- Immuno-genomics & Systems Biology laboratory, Institute of Life Sciences (ILS), Bhubaneswar, OR, India
- Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, KA, India
| | - Bhawna Gupta
- Department of Biotechnology, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology (KIIT), Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Hans Acha-Orbea
- Department of Biochemistry Center of Immunity and Infection Lausanne (CIIL), University of Lausanne (UNIL), Epalinges, Switzerland
| | - Sunil Kumar Raghav
- Immuno-genomics & Systems Biology laboratory, Institute of Life Sciences (ILS), Bhubaneswar, OR, India
- Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, KA, India
- *Correspondence: Sunil Kumar Raghav, ;
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19
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Kaviany S, Bartkowiak T, Dulek DE, Khan YW, Hayes MJ, Schaefer SG, Ye X, Dahunsi DO, Connelly JA, Irish JM, Rathmell JC. Systems Immunology Analyses of STAT1 Gain-of-Function Immune Phenotypes Reveal Heterogeneous Response to IL-6 and Broad Immunometabolic Roles for STAT1. Immunohorizons 2022; 6:447-464. [PMID: 35840326 PMCID: PMC9623573 DOI: 10.4049/immunohorizons.2200041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients with STAT1 gain-of-function (GOF) pathogenic variants have enhanced or prolonged STAT1 phosphorylation following cytokine stimulation and exhibit increased yet heterogeneous susceptibility to infections, autoimmunity, and cancer. Although disease phenotypes are diverse and other genetic factors contribute, how STAT1 GOF affects cytokine sensitivity and cell biology remains poorly defined. In this study, we analyzed the immune and immunometabolic profiles of two patients with known pathogenic heterozygous STAT1 GOF mutation variants. A systems immunology approach of peripheral blood cells from these patients revealed major changes in multiple immune cell compartments relative to healthy adult and pediatric donors. Although many phenotypes of STAT1 GOF donors were shared, including increased Th1 cells but decreased class-switched B cells and plasmacytoid dendritic cell populations, others were heterogeneous. Mechanistically, hypersensitivity for cytokine-induced STAT1 phosphorylation in memory T cell populations was particularly evident in response to IL-6 in one STAT1 GOF patient. Immune cell metabolism directly influences cell function, and the STAT1 GOF patients shared an immunometabolic phenotype of heightened glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1) and carnitine palmitoyl transferase 1A (CPT1a) expression across multiple immune cell lineages. Interestingly, the metabolic phenotypes of the pediatric STAT1 GOF donors more closely resembled or exceeded those of healthy adult than healthy age-similar pediatric donors, which had low expression of these metabolic markers. These results define new features of STAT1 GOF patients, including a differential hypersensitivity for IL-6 and a shared increase in markers of metabolism in many immune cell types that suggests a role for STAT1 in metabolic regulation of immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saara Kaviany
- Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN.,Vanderbilt Human Immunology Discovery Initiative of the Vanderbilt Center for Immunobiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
| | - Todd Bartkowiak
- Vanderbilt Human Immunology Discovery Initiative of the Vanderbilt Center for Immunobiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN.,Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN; and
| | - Daniel E Dulek
- Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
| | - Yasmin W Khan
- Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
| | - Madeline J Hayes
- Vanderbilt Human Immunology Discovery Initiative of the Vanderbilt Center for Immunobiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN.,Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN; and
| | - Samuel G Schaefer
- Vanderbilt Human Immunology Discovery Initiative of the Vanderbilt Center for Immunobiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN.,Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
| | - Xiang Ye
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
| | - Debolanle O Dahunsi
- Vanderbilt Human Immunology Discovery Initiative of the Vanderbilt Center for Immunobiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN.,Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
| | - James A Connelly
- Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN.,Vanderbilt Human Immunology Discovery Initiative of the Vanderbilt Center for Immunobiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
| | - Jonathan M Irish
- Vanderbilt Human Immunology Discovery Initiative of the Vanderbilt Center for Immunobiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN; .,Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN; and
| | - Jeffrey C Rathmell
- Vanderbilt Human Immunology Discovery Initiative of the Vanderbilt Center for Immunobiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN; .,Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
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20
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Shive C, Pandiyan P. Inflammation, Immune Senescence, and Dysregulated Immune Regulation in the Elderly. FRONTIERS IN AGING 2022; 3:840827. [PMID: 35821823 PMCID: PMC9261323 DOI: 10.3389/fragi.2022.840827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
An optimal immune response requires the appropriate interaction between the innate and the adaptive arms of the immune system as well as a proper balance of activation and regulation. After decades of life, the aging immune system is continuously exposed to immune stressors and inflammatory assaults that lead to immune senescence. In this review, we will discuss inflammaging in the elderly, specifically concentrating on IL-6 and IL-1b in the context of T lymphocytes, and how inflammation is related to mortality and morbidities, specifically cardiovascular disease and cancer. Although a number of studies suggests that the anti-inflammatory cytokine TGF-b is elevated in the elderly, heightened inflammation persists. Thus, the regulation of the immune response and the ability to return the immune system to homeostasis is also important. Therefore, we will discuss cellular alterations in aging, concentrating on senescent T cells and CD4+ CD25+ FOXP3+ regulatory T cells (Tregs) in aging
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Affiliation(s)
- Carey Shive
- Louis Stokes Cleveland VA Medical Center, United States Department of Veterans Affairs, Cleveland, OH, United States.,Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Pushpa Pandiyan
- Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
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21
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Kuttke M, Hromadová D, Yildirim C, Brunner JS, Vogel A, Paar H, Peters S, Weber M, Hofmann M, Kerndl M, Kieler M, Datler H, Musiejovsky L, Salzmann M, Lang M, Soukup K, Halfmann A, Sharif O, Schabbauer G. PI3K Signaling in Dendritic Cells Aggravates DSS-Induced Colitis. Front Immunol 2022; 13:695576. [PMID: 35514976 PMCID: PMC9063450 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.695576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Aberrant innate immune responses to the gut microbiota are causally involved in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). The exact triggers and main signaling pathways activating innate immune cells and how they modulate adaptive immunity in IBD is still not completely understood. Here, we report that the PI3K/PTEN signaling pathway in dendritic cells enhances IL-6 production in a model of DSS-induced colitis. This results in exacerbated Th1 cell responses and increased mortality in DC-specific PTEN knockout (PTENΔDC) animals. Depletion of the gut microbiota using antibiotics as well as blocking IL-6R signaling rescued mortality in PTENΔDC mice, whereas adoptive transfer of Flt3L-derived PTEN-/- DCs into WT recipients exacerbated DSS-induced colitis and increased mortality. Taken together, we show that the PI3K signaling pathway in dendritic cells contributes to disease pathology by promoting IL-6 mediated Th1 responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Kuttke
- Institute for Vascular Biology and Thrombosis Research, Center for Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Dominika Hromadová
- Institute for Vascular Biology and Thrombosis Research, Center for Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ceren Yildirim
- Institute for Vascular Biology and Thrombosis Research, Center for Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Julia S. Brunner
- Institute for Vascular Biology and Thrombosis Research, Center for Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Andrea Vogel
- Institute for Vascular Biology and Thrombosis Research, Center for Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Hannah Paar
- Institute for Vascular Biology and Thrombosis Research, Center for Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Sophie Peters
- Institute for Vascular Biology and Thrombosis Research, Center for Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Maria Weber
- Institute for Vascular Biology and Thrombosis Research, Center for Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Melanie Hofmann
- Institute for Vascular Biology and Thrombosis Research, Center for Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Martina Kerndl
- Institute for Vascular Biology and Thrombosis Research, Center for Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Markus Kieler
- Institute for Vascular Biology and Thrombosis Research, Center for Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Hannes Datler
- Institute for Vascular Biology and Thrombosis Research, Center for Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Laszlo Musiejovsky
- Institute for Vascular Biology and Thrombosis Research, Center for Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Manuel Salzmann
- Institute for Vascular Biology and Thrombosis Research, Center for Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Michaela Lang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Klara Soukup
- St. Anna Children’s Cancer Research Institute, Vienna, Austria
| | - Angela Halfmann
- St. Anna Children’s Cancer Research Institute, Vienna, Austria
| | - Omar Sharif
- Institute for Vascular Biology and Thrombosis Research, Center for Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Gernot Schabbauer
- Institute for Vascular Biology and Thrombosis Research, Center for Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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22
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STAT3 Role in T-Cell Memory Formation. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23052878. [PMID: 35270020 PMCID: PMC8910982 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23052878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Revised: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Along with the clinical success of immuno-oncology drugs and cellular therapies, T-cell biology has attracted considerable attention in the immunology community. Long-term immunity, traditionally analyzed in the context of infection, is increasingly studied in cancer. Many signaling pathways, transcription factors, and metabolic regulators have been shown to participate in the formation of memory T cells. There is increasing evidence that the signal transducer and activator of transcription-3 (STAT3) signaling pathway is crucial for the formation of long-term T-cell immunity capable of efficient recall responses. In this review, we summarize what is currently known about STAT3 role in the context of memory T-cell formation and antitumor immunity.
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23
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Onwuha‐Ekpete L, Fields GB. Application of a triple‐helical peptide inhibitor of
MMP
‐2/
MMP
‐9 to examine T‐cell activation in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. Pept Sci (Hoboken) 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/pep2.24262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lillian Onwuha‐Ekpete
- The Institute for Human Health & Disease Intervention (I‐HEALTH) Florida Atlantic University Jupiter Florida USA
| | - Gregg B. Fields
- The Institute for Human Health & Disease Intervention (I‐HEALTH) Florida Atlantic University Jupiter Florida USA
- Department of Chemistry The Scripps Research Institute/Scripps Florida Jupiter Florida USA
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24
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Venkatadri R, Sabapathy V, Dogan M, Sharma R. Targeting Regulatory T Cells for Therapy of Lupus Nephritis. Front Pharmacol 2022; 12:806612. [PMID: 35069220 PMCID: PMC8775001 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.806612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Lupus glomerulonephritis (LN) is a complex autoimmune disease characterized by circulating autoantibodies, immune-complex deposition, immune dysregulation and defects in regulatory T cell (Tregs). Treatment options rely on general immunosuppressants and steroids that have serious side effects. Approaches to target immune cells, such as B cells in particular, has had limited success and new approaches are being investigated. Defects in Tregs in the setting of autoimmunity is well known and Treg-replacement strategies are currently being explored. The aim of this minireview is to rekindle interest on Treg-targeting strategies. We discuss the existing evidences for Treg-enhancement strategies using key cytokines interleukin (IL)-2, IL-33 and IL-6 that have shown to provide remission in LN. We also discuss strategies for indirect Treg-modulation for protection from LN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajkumar Venkatadri
- Center for Immunity, Inflammation and Regenerative Medicine (CIIR), Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - Vikram Sabapathy
- Center for Immunity, Inflammation and Regenerative Medicine (CIIR), Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - Murat Dogan
- Center for Immunity, Inflammation and Regenerative Medicine (CIIR), Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - Rahul Sharma
- Center for Immunity, Inflammation and Regenerative Medicine (CIIR), Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States
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25
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Al-Roub A, Al Madhoun A, Akhter N, Thomas R, Miranda L, Jacob T, Al-Ozairi E, Al-Mulla F, Sindhu S, Ahmad R. IL-1β and TNFα Cooperativity in Regulating IL-6 Expression in Adipocytes Depends on CREB Binding and H3K14 Acetylation. Cells 2021; 10:3228. [PMID: 34831450 PMCID: PMC8619559 DOI: 10.3390/cells10113228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2021] [Revised: 11/13/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
IL-6 was found to be overexpressed in the adipose tissue of obese individuals, which may cause insulin resistance. However, the regulation of IL-6 in adipocytes in obesity setting remains to be explored. Since IL-1β and TNFα are increased in obese adipose tissue and promote inflammation, we investigated whether cooperation between IL-1β and TNFα influences the production of IL-6. Our data show that IL-1β and TNFα cooperatively enhance IL-6 expression in 3T3L-1 adipocytes. Similar results were seen in human adipocytes isolated from subcutaneous and visceral fat. Although adipocytes isolated from lean and obese adipose tissues showed similar responses for production of IL-6 when incubated with IL-1β/TNFα, secretion of IL-6 was higher in adipocytes from obese tissue. TNFα treatment enhanced CREB binding at CRE locus, which was further enhanced with IL-1β, and was associated with elevated histone acetylation at CRE locus. On the other hand, IL-1β treatments mediated C/EBPβ binding to NF-IL-6 consensus, but not sufficiently to mediate significant histone acetylation. Interestingly, treatment with both stimulatory factors amplifies CREB binding and H3K14 acetylation. Furthermore, histone acetylation inhibition by anacardic acid or curcumin reduces IL-6 production. Notably, inhibition of histone deacetylase (HDAC) activity by trichostatin A (TSA) resulted in the further elevation of IL-6 expression in response to combined treatment of adipocytes with IL-1β and TNFα. In conclusion, our results show that there is an additive interaction between IL-1β and TNFα that depends on CREB binding and H3K14 acetylation, and leads to the elevation of IL-6 expression in adipocytes, providing interesting pathophysiological connection among IL-1β, TNFα, and IL-6 in settings such as obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Areej Al-Roub
- Immunology & Microbiology Department, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Dasman 15462, Kuwait
| | - Ashraf Al Madhoun
- Genetics & Bioinformatics, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Dasman 15462, Kuwait
- Animal and Imaging Core Facilities, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Dasman 15462, Kuwait
| | - Nadeem Akhter
- Immunology & Microbiology Department, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Dasman 15462, Kuwait
| | - Reeby Thomas
- Immunology & Microbiology Department, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Dasman 15462, Kuwait
| | - Lavina Miranda
- Genetics & Bioinformatics, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Dasman 15462, Kuwait
- Animal and Imaging Core Facilities, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Dasman 15462, Kuwait
| | - Texy Jacob
- Immunology & Microbiology Department, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Dasman 15462, Kuwait
| | - Ebaa Al-Ozairi
- Medical Division, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Dasman 15462, Kuwait
| | - Fahd Al-Mulla
- Genetics & Bioinformatics, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Dasman 15462, Kuwait
| | - Sardar Sindhu
- Immunology & Microbiology Department, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Dasman 15462, Kuwait
- Animal and Imaging Core Facilities, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Dasman 15462, Kuwait
| | - Rasheed Ahmad
- Immunology & Microbiology Department, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Dasman 15462, Kuwait
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26
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Mangal JL, Inamdar S, Le T, Shi X, Curtis M, Gu H, Acharya AP. Inhibition of glycolysis in the presence of antigen generates suppressive antigen-specific responses and restrains rheumatoid arthritis in mice. Biomaterials 2021; 277:121079. [PMID: 34454372 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2021.121079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2021] [Revised: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) rely on glycolysis for their energy needs to induce pro-inflammatory antigen-specific immune responses. Therefore, inhibiting DC glycolysis, while presenting the self-antigen, may prevent pro-inflammatory antigen-specific immune responses. Previously we demonstrated that microparticles with alpha-ketoglutarate (aKG) in the polymer backbone (paKG MPs) were able to generate anti-inflammatory DCs by sustained delivery of the aKG metabolite, and by modulating energy metabolism of DCs. Herein, we demonstrate that paKG MPs-based delivery of a glycolytic inhibitor, PFK15, using paKG MPs induces anti-inflammatory DCs (CD86LoMHCII+) by down-regulating glycolysis, CD86, tnf and IL-6 genes, while upregulating oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) and mitochondrial genes. Furthermore, paKG MPs delivering PFK15 and a self-antigen, collagen type II (bc2), in vivo, in a collagen-induced autoimmune arthritis (CIA) mouse model, normalized paw inflammation and arthritis score, by generating antigen-specific immune responses. Specifically, these formulations were able to reduce activation of DCs in draining lymph nodes and impressively generated proliferating bc2-specific anti-inflammatory regulatory T cells in joint-associated popliteal lymph nodes. These data strongly suggest that sustained glycolytic inhibition of DCs in the presence of an antigen can induce antigen-specific immunosuppressive responses, therefore, generating a technology that can be applicable for treating autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joslyn L Mangal
- Biological Design, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, 85281, USA
| | - Sahil Inamdar
- Chemical Engineering, School for the Engineering of Matter, Transport, and Energy, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, 85281, USA
| | - Tien Le
- Chemical Engineering, School for the Engineering of Matter, Transport, and Energy, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, 85281, USA
| | - Xiaojian Shi
- College of Health Solutions, Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ, 85281, USA
| | - Marion Curtis
- Mayo Clinic, Department of Immunology, Scottsdale, AZ, 85259, USA
| | - Haiwei Gu
- College of Health Solutions, Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ, 85281, USA
| | - Abhinav P Acharya
- Biological Design, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, 85281, USA; Chemical Engineering, School for the Engineering of Matter, Transport, and Energy, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, 85281, USA; Materials Science and Engineering, School for the Engineering of Matter, Transport, and Energy, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, 85281, USA; Center for Immunotherapy, Vaccines and Virotherapy, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, 85281, USA; Biomedical Engineering, School of Biological and Health System Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, 85281, USA.
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27
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Regulatory T cells function in established systemic inflammation and reverse fatal autoimmunity. Nat Immunol 2021; 22:1163-1174. [PMID: 34426690 PMCID: PMC9341271 DOI: 10.1038/s41590-021-01001-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The immunosuppressive function of regulatory T (Treg) cells is dependent on continuous expression of the transcription factor Foxp3. Foxp3 loss-of-function or induced ablation of Treg cells results in a fatal autoimmune disease featuring all known types of inflammatory responses with every manifestation stemming from Treg cell paucity, highlighting a vital function of Treg cells in preventing fatal autoimmune inflammation. However, a major question remains whether Treg cells can persist and effectively exert their function in a disease state, where a broad spectrum of inflammatory mediators can either inactivate Treg cells or render innate and adaptive pro-inflammatory effector cells insensitive to suppression. By reinstating Foxp3 protein expression and suppressor function in cells expressing a reversible Foxp3 null allele in severely diseased mice, we found that the resulting single pool of “redeemed” Treg cells normalized immune activation, quelled severe tissue inflammation, reversed fatal autoimmune disease, and provided long-term protection against them. Thus, Treg cells are functional in settings of established broad spectrum systemic inflammation and are capable of affording sustained reset of immune homeostasis.
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28
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HuR Plays a Positive Role to Strengthen the Signaling Pathways of CD4 + T Cell Activation and Th17 Cell Differentiation. J Immunol Res 2021; 2021:9937243. [PMID: 34395636 PMCID: PMC8357502 DOI: 10.1155/2021/9937243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Revised: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
After antigen and/or different cytokine stimulation, CD4+ T cells activated and differentiated into distinct T helper (Th) cells via differential T cell signaling pathways. Transcriptional regulation of the activation and differentiation of naïve CD4+ T cells into distinct lineage Th cells such as Th17 cells has been fully studied. However, the role of RNA-binding protein HuR in the signaling pathways of their activation and differentiation has not been well characterized. Here, we used HuR conditional knockout (HuR KO) CD4+ T cells to study mechanisms underlying HuR regulation of T cell activation and differentiation through distinct signaling pathways. Our work showed that, mechanistically, HuR positively promoted CD3g expression by binding its mRNA and enhanced the expression of downstream adaptor Zap70 and Malt1 in activated CD4+ T cells. Compared to WT Th0 cells, HuR KO Th0 cells with reduced Bcl-2 expression are much more susceptible to apoptosis than WT Th0 cells. We also found that HuR stabilized IL-6Rα mRNA and promoted IL-6Rα protein expression, thereby upregulating its downstream phosphorylation of Jak1 and Stat3 and increased level of phosphorylation of IκBα to facilitate Th17 cell differentiation. However, knockout of HuR increased IL-22 production in Th17 cells, which was due to HuR deficiency in reducing IL-22 transcription repressor c-Maf expression. These results highlight the importance of HuR in TCR signaling and IL-6/IL-6R axis driving naïve CD4+ T cell activation and differentiation into Th17 cells.
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29
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Korn T, Hiltensperger M. Role of IL-6 in the commitment of T cell subsets. Cytokine 2021; 146:155654. [PMID: 34325116 PMCID: PMC8375581 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2021.155654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Revised: 07/11/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
IL-6 is a non-redundant differentiation factor for Th17 cells and Tfh cells. The induction of ROR-γt+ Treg cells in the lamina propria depends on IL-6. Generation of distinct T helper cell subsets might depend on different IL-6 signaling modalities. IL-6-directed therapies must consider the disease-relevant IL-6 signaling modality.
IL-6 gained much attention with the discovery that this cytokine is a non-redundant differentiation factor for Th17 cells and T follicular helper cells. Adaptive immune responses to fungi and extracellular bacteria are impaired in the absence of IL-6. IL-6 is also required for the induction of ROR-γt+ Treg cells, which are gatekeepers of homeostasis in the gut lamina propria in the presence of commensal bacteria. Conversely, severe immunopathology in T cell-mediated autoimmunity is mediated by Th17 cells that rely on IL-6 for their generation and maintenance. Recently, it has been discovered that the differentiation of these distinct T helper cell subsets may be linked to distinct signaling modalities of IL-6. Here, we summarize the current knowledge on the mode of action of IL-6 in the differentiation and maintenance of T cell subsets and propose that a context-dependent understanding of the impact of IL-6 on T cell subsets might inform rational IL-6-directed interventions in autoimmunity and chronic inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Korn
- Institute for Experimental Neuroimmunology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Ismaninger Str. 22, 81675 Munich, Germany; Dept. of Neurology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Ismaninger Str. 22, 81675 Munich, Germany; Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Feodor-Lynen-Str. 17, 81377 Munich, Germany.
| | - Michael Hiltensperger
- Institute for Experimental Neuroimmunology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Ismaninger Str. 22, 81675 Munich, Germany
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30
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Jones M, Nankervis B, Roballo KS, Pham H, Bushman J, Coeshott C. A Comparison of Automated Perfusion- and Manual Diffusion-Based Human Regulatory T Cell Expansion and Functionality Using a Soluble Activator Complex. Cell Transplant 2021; 29:963689720923578. [PMID: 32662685 PMCID: PMC7586259 DOI: 10.1177/0963689720923578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Absence or reduced frequency of human regulatory T cells (Tregs) can limit the control of inflammatory responses, autoimmunity, and the success of transplant engraftment. Clinical studies indicate that use of Tregs as immunotherapeutics would require billions of cells per dose. The Quantum® Cell Expansion System (Quantum system) is a hollow-fiber bioreactor that has previously been used to grow billions of functional T cells in a short timeframe, 8–9 d. Here we evaluated expansion of selected Tregs in the Quantum system using a soluble activator to compare the effects of automated perfusion with manual diffusion-based culture in flasks. Treg CD4+CD25+ cells from three healthy donors, isolated via column-free immunomagnetic negative/positive selection, were grown under static conditions and subsequently seeded into Quantum system bioreactors and into T225 control flasks in an identical culture volume of PRIME-XV XSFM medium with interleukin-2, for a 9-d expansion using a soluble anti-CD3/CD28/CD2 monoclonal antibody activator complex. Treg harvests from three parallel expansions produced a mean of 3.95 × 108 (range 1.92 × 108 to 5.58 × 108) Tregs in flasks (mean viability 71.3%) versus 7.00 × 109 (range 3.57 × 109 to 13.00 × 109) Tregs in the Quantum system (mean viability 91.8%), demonstrating a mean 17.7-fold increase in Treg yield for the Quantum system over that obtained in flasks. The two culture processes gave rise to cells with a memory Treg CD4+CD25+FoxP3+CD45RO+ phenotype of 93.7% for flasks versus 97.7% for the Quantum system. Tregs from the Quantum system demonstrated an 8-fold greater interleukin-10 stimulation index than cells from flask culture following restimulation. Quantum system–expanded Tregs proliferated, maintained their antigenic phenotype, and suppressed effector immune cells after cryopreservation. We conclude that an automated perfusion bioreactor can support the scale-up expansion of functional Tregs more efficiently than diffusion-based flask culture.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Huong Pham
- School of Pharmacy, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY, USA
| | - Jared Bushman
- School of Pharmacy, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY, USA
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31
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Gudd CLC, Au L, Triantafyllou E, Shum B, Liu T, Nathwani R, Kumar N, Mukherjee S, Dhar A, Woollard KJ, Yone Y, Pinato DJ, Thursz MR, Goldin RD, Gore ME, Larkin J, Khamri W, Antoniades CG, Turajlic S, Possamai LA. Activation and transcriptional profile of monocytes and CD8 + T cells are altered in checkpoint inhibitor-related hepatitis. J Hepatol 2021; 75:177-189. [PMID: 33631227 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2021.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Revised: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Checkpoint inhibitor-related hepatitis (CPI-Hep) is an emerging clinical challenge. We aimed to gain insights into the immunopathology of CPI-Hep by comprehensively characterising myeloid and lymphoid subsets. METHODS CPI-treated patients with or without related hepatitis (CPI-Hep; n = 22 and CPI-noHep; n = 7) were recruited. Phenotypic and transcriptional profiling of peripheral immune subsets was performed and compared with 19 healthy controls (HCs). In vitro monocyte-derived macrophages (MoMFs) were assessed for activation and cytokine production. CD163, CCR2, CD68, CD3, CD8 and granzyme B expression was assessed using immunohistochemistry/immunofluorescence (n = 4). RESULTS A significant total monocyte depletion was observed in CPI-Hep compared with HCs (p = 0.04), along with a proportionate increase in the classical monocyte population (p = 0.0002) and significant upregulation of CCR2, CD163 and downregulation of CCR7. Soluble CD163 levels were significantly elevated in CPI-Hep compared with HCs (p <0.0001). In vitro MoMFs from CPI-Hep showed enhanced production of pro-inflammatory cytokines. CD8+ T cells demonstrated increased perforin, granzyme B, ICOS and HLA-DR expression in CPI-Hep. Transcriptional profiling indicated the presence of activated monocyte and enhanced effector CD8+ T cell populations in CPI-Hep. Immunohistochemistry demonstrated co-localisation of CD8+/granzyme B+ T cells with CD68+CCR2+/CD68+CD163+ macrophages in CPI-Hep liver tissue. CONCLUSIONS CPI-Hep is associated with activation of peripheral monocytes and an enhanced cytotoxic, effector CD8+ T cell phenotype. These changes were reflected by liver inflammation composed of CD163+/CCR2+ macrophages and CD8+ T cells. LAY SUMMARY Some patients who receive immunotherapy for cancer develop liver inflammation, which requires cessation of cancer treatment. Herein, we describe ways in which the white blood cells of patients who develop liver inflammation differ from those of patients who receive the same immunotherapy but do not experience liver-related side effects. Targeting some of the pathways we identify may help to prevent or manage this side effect and facilitate cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cathrin L C Gudd
- Department of Metabolism, Digestion & Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Lewis Au
- Renal and Skin Units, The Royal Marsden Hospital National Health Service Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | | | - Benjamin Shum
- Renal and Skin Units, The Royal Marsden Hospital National Health Service Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Tong Liu
- Department of Metabolism, Digestion & Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Rooshi Nathwani
- Department of Metabolism, Digestion & Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Naveenta Kumar
- Department of Metabolism, Digestion & Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Sujit Mukherjee
- Department of Metabolism, Digestion & Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Ameet Dhar
- Department of Metabolism, Digestion & Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Kevin J Woollard
- Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - You Yone
- Department of Surgery & Cancer, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - David J Pinato
- Department of Surgery & Cancer, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Mark R Thursz
- Department of Metabolism, Digestion & Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Robert D Goldin
- Department of Metabolism, Digestion & Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Martin E Gore
- Renal and Skin Units, The Royal Marsden Hospital National Health Service Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - James Larkin
- Renal and Skin Units, The Royal Marsden Hospital National Health Service Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Wafa Khamri
- Department of Metabolism, Digestion & Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | | | - Samra Turajlic
- Renal and Skin Units, The Royal Marsden Hospital National Health Service Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Lucia A Possamai
- Department of Metabolism, Digestion & Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, UK.
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32
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Liu C, Mo LH, Feng BS, Jin QR, Li Y, Lin J, Shu Q, Liu ZG, Liu Z, Sun X, Yang PC. Twist1 contributes to developing and sustaining corticosteroid resistance in ulcerative colitis. Am J Cancer Res 2021; 11:7797-7812. [PMID: 34335965 PMCID: PMC8315068 DOI: 10.7150/thno.62256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Rationale: Corticosteroid resistance (CR) is a serious drawback to steroid therapy in patients with ulcerative colitis (UC); the underlying mechanism is incompletely understood. Twist1 protein (TW1) is an apoptosis inhibitor and has immune regulatory functions. This study aims to elucidate the roles of TW1 in inducing and sustaining the CR status in UC. Methods: Surgically removed colon tissues of patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) were collected, from which neutrophils were isolated by flow cytometry. The inflammation-related gene activities in neutrophils were analyzed by RNA sequencing. A CR colitis mouse model was developed with the dextran sulfate sodium approach in a hypoxia environment. Results: Higher TW1 gene expression was detected in neutrophils isolated from the colon tissues of UC patients with CR and the CR mouse colon tissues. TW1 physically interacted with glucocorticoid receptor (GR)α in CR neutrophils that prevented GRα from interacting with steroids; which consequently abrogated the effects of steroids on regulating the cellular activities of neutrophils. STAT3 (Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription-3) interacted with Ras protein activator like 1 to sustain the high TW1 expression in colon mucosal neutrophils of CR patients and CR mice. Inhibition of TW1 restored the sensitivity to corticosteroid of neutrophils in the colon tissues of a CR murine model. Conclusions: UC patients at CR status showed high TW1 expression in neutrophils. TW1 prevented steroids from regulating neutrophil activities. Inhibition of TW1 restored the sensitivity to corticosteroids in the colon tissues at the CR status.
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Scheinman PL, Vocanson M, Thyssen JP, Johansen JD, Nixon RL, Dear K, Botto NC, Morot J, Goldminz AM. Contact dermatitis. Nat Rev Dis Primers 2021; 7:38. [PMID: 34045488 DOI: 10.1038/s41572-021-00271-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Contact dermatitis (CD) is among the most common inflammatory dermatological conditions and includes allergic CD, photoallergic CD, irritant CD, photoirritant CD (also called phototoxic CD) and protein CD. Occupational CD can be of any type and is the most prevalent occupational skin disease. Each CD type is characterized by different immunological mechanisms and/or requisite exposures. Clinical manifestations of CD vary widely and multiple subtypes may occur simultaneously. The diagnosis relies on clinical presentation, thorough exposure assessment and evaluation with techniques such as patch testing and skin-prick testing. Management is based on patient education, avoidance strategies of specific substances, and topical treatments; in severe or recalcitrant cases, which can negatively affect the quality of life of patients, systemic medications may be needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pamela L Scheinman
- Department of Dermatology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Marc Vocanson
- CIRI - Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, INSERM, U1111; Univ Lyon; Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1; Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon; CNRS, UMR, 5308, Lyon, France
| | - Jacob P Thyssen
- National Allergy Research Centre, Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jeanne Duus Johansen
- National Allergy Research Centre, Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Rosemary L Nixon
- Skin Health Institute - Occupational Dermatology Research and Education Centre, Carlton, VIC, Australia
| | - Kate Dear
- Skin Health Institute - Occupational Dermatology Research and Education Centre, Carlton, VIC, Australia
| | - Nina C Botto
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Johanna Morot
- CIRI - Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, INSERM, U1111; Univ Lyon; Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1; Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon; CNRS, UMR, 5308, Lyon, France
| | - Ari M Goldminz
- Department of Dermatology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
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34
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Ebersole JL, Kirakodu SS, Orraca L, Gonzalez Martinez J, Gonzalez OA. Gingival transcriptomics of follicular T cell footprints in progressing periodontitis. Clin Exp Immunol 2021; 204:373-395. [PMID: 33565609 DOI: 10.1111/cei.13584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Follicular helper T cells (Tfh) cells have been identified in the circulation and in tertiary lymphoid structures in chronic inflammation. Gingival tissues with periodontitis reflect chronic inflammation, so genomic footprints of Tfh cells should occur in these tissues and may differ related to aging effects. Macaca mulatta were used in a ligature-induced periodontitis model [adult group (aged 12-23 years); young group (aged 3-7 years)]. Gingival tissue and subgingival microbiome samples were obtained at matched healthy ligature-induced disease and clinical resolution sites. Microarray analysis examined Tfh genes (n = 54) related to microbiome characteristics documented using 16S MiSeq. An increase in the major transcription factor of Tfh cells, BCL6, was found with disease in both adult and young animals, while master transcription markers of other T cell subsets were either decreased or showed minimal change. Multiple Tfh-related genes, including surface receptors and transcription factors, were also significantly increased during disease. Specific microbiome patterns were significantly associated with profiles indicative of an increased presence/function of Tfh cells. Importantly, unique microbial complexes showed distinctive patterns of interaction with Tfh genes differing in health and disease and with the age of the animals. An increase in Tfh cell responsiveness occurred in the progression of periodontitis, affected by age and related to specific microbial complexes in the oral microbiome. The capacity of gingival Tfh cells to contribute to localized B cell activation and active antibody responses, including affinity maturation, may be critical for controlling periodontal lesions and contributing to limiting and/or resolving the lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- J L Ebersole
- Department of Biomedical Science, School of Dental Medicine, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV, USA
| | - S S Kirakodu
- Center for Oral Health Research, College of Dentistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - L Orraca
- School of Dental Medicine, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, PR, USA
| | - J Gonzalez Martinez
- Caribbean Primate Research Center, University of Puerto Rico, Toa Baja, PR, USA
| | - O A Gonzalez
- Center for Oral Health Research, College of Dentistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA.,Division of Periodontology, College of Dentistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
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35
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Synergistic effect of GRA7 and profilin proteins in vaccination against chronic Toxoplasma gondii infection. Vaccine 2021; 39:933-942. [PMID: 33451777 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2020.12.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Revised: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Toxoplasmosis is a zoonotic disease with worldwide prevalence in humans and warm-blooded animal populations. In livestock Toxoplasma gondii is the causal agent of significant economic losses since it can cause abortions in goats and sheep. It is estimated that one third of the world population is infected. Although there are effective therapies for acute infection, these are sometimes poorly tolerated, teratogenic, and have a long administration time. Considering the deficiencies that exist related to the prevention and treatment of toxoplasmosis, the development of a safe and effective vaccine would be extremely valuable in fighting against this infection. In the present work, we characterize for the first time the adjuvant and immunogenic potential of a recombinant profilin protein (rTgPF), in a vaccine formulation alone or in combination with the well-known GRA7 antigen candidate in a murine toxoplasmosis model. Since TgPF acts as a ligand for TLR11 and 12 inducing innate immune responses that promote type 1 adaptive responses, we first study the capacity of the mix rGRA7 + rTgPF to initiate an immune response by evaluating dendritic cell activation. Both rTgPF and rGRA7 induces activation of mouse BMDCs more efficiently than the single proteins, evidenced by increased expression of CD80 and CD86 co-stimulatory proteins and secretion of IL-6, IL-10 and IL-12 cytokines after in vitro stimulation. The sum of the effects of rGRA7 and rTgPF on BMDCs maturation led us to assay them in a vaccination protocol. BALB/c mice vaccinated with this mix elicited a Th1-biased immunity via the induction of lymphocyte proliferation, activation of CD4+T cells and increased IFN-γ production that resulted in enhanced protection against chronic Toxoplama gondii infection. Profilin per se induce only cellular immunity but augments the effect of rGRA7 immune responses when used together, thus allowing us to postulate rTgPF as a potential adjuvant in a protein vaccine.
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Curci C, Picerno A, Chaoul N, Stasi A, De Palma G, Franzin R, Pontrelli P, Castellano G, Pertosa GB, Macchia L, Di Lorenzo VF, Sabbà C, Gallone A, Gesualdo L, Sallustio F. Adult Renal Stem/Progenitor Cells Can Modulate T Regulatory Cells and Double Negative T Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 22:ijms22010274. [PMID: 33383950 PMCID: PMC7795073 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22010274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Revised: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Adult Renal Stem/Progenitor Cells (ARPCs) have been recently identified in the human kidney and several studies show their active role in kidney repair processes during acute or chronic injury. However, little is known about their immunomodulatory properties and their capacity to regulate specific T cell subpopulations. We co-cultured ARPCs activated by triggering Toll-Like Receptor 2 (TLR2) with human peripheral blood mononuclear cells for 5 days and 15 days and studied their immunomodulatory capacity on T cell subpopulations. We found that activated-ARPCs were able to decrease T cell proliferation but did not affect CD8+ and CD4+ T cells. Instead, Tregs and CD3+ CD4- CD8- double-negative (DN) T cells decreased after 5 days and increased after 15 days of co-culture. In addition, we found that PAI1, MCP1, GM-CSF, and CXCL1 were significantly expressed by TLR2-activated ARPCs alone and were up-regulated in T cells co-cultured with activated ARPCs. The exogenous cocktail of cytokines was able to reproduce the immunomodulatory effects of the co-culture with activated ARPCs. These data showed that ARPCs can regulate immune response by inducing Tregs and DN T cells cell modulation, which are involved in the balance between immune tolerance and autoimmunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Curci
- Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation Unit, DETO, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (C.C.); (A.P.); (A.S.); (R.F.); (P.P.); (G.B.P.); (L.G.)
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience and Sense Organs, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy;
| | - Angela Picerno
- Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation Unit, DETO, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (C.C.); (A.P.); (A.S.); (R.F.); (P.P.); (G.B.P.); (L.G.)
| | - Nada Chaoul
- Allergology Unit, DETO, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (N.C.); (L.M.)
| | - Alessandra Stasi
- Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation Unit, DETO, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (C.C.); (A.P.); (A.S.); (R.F.); (P.P.); (G.B.P.); (L.G.)
| | - Giuseppe De Palma
- Institutional BioBank, Experimental Oncology and Biobank Management Unit, IRCCS Istituto Tumori “Giovanni Paolo II”, 70124 Bari, Italy;
| | - Rossana Franzin
- Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation Unit, DETO, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (C.C.); (A.P.); (A.S.); (R.F.); (P.P.); (G.B.P.); (L.G.)
| | - Paola Pontrelli
- Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation Unit, DETO, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (C.C.); (A.P.); (A.S.); (R.F.); (P.P.); (G.B.P.); (L.G.)
| | - Giuseppe Castellano
- Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Science, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy;
| | - Giovanni B. Pertosa
- Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation Unit, DETO, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (C.C.); (A.P.); (A.S.); (R.F.); (P.P.); (G.B.P.); (L.G.)
| | - Luigi Macchia
- Allergology Unit, DETO, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (N.C.); (L.M.)
| | | | - Carlo Sabbà
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy;
| | - Anna Gallone
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience and Sense Organs, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy;
| | - Loreto Gesualdo
- Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation Unit, DETO, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (C.C.); (A.P.); (A.S.); (R.F.); (P.P.); (G.B.P.); (L.G.)
| | - Fabio Sallustio
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy;
- Correspondence:
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37
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Naessens T, Morias Y, Hamrud E, Gehrmann U, Budida R, Mattsson J, Baker T, Skogberg G, Israelsson E, Thörn K, Schuijs MJ, Angermann B, Melville F, Staples KJ, Cunoosamy DM, Lambrecht BN. Human Lung Conventional Dendritic Cells Orchestrate Lymphoid Neogenesis during Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2020; 202:535-548. [PMID: 32255375 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.201906-1123oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Rationale: Emerging evidence supports a crucial role for tertiary lymphoid organs (TLOs) in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) progression. However, mechanisms of immune cell activation leading to TLOs in COPD remain to be defined.Objectives: To examine the role of lung dendritic cells (DCs) in T follicular helper (Tfh)-cell induction, a T-cell subset critically implicated in lymphoid organ formation, in COPD.Methods: Myeloid cell heterogeneity and phenotype were studied in an unbiased manner via single-cell RNA sequencing on HLA-DR+ cells sorted from human lungs. We measured the in vitro capability of control and COPD lung DC subsets, sorted using a fluorescence-activated cell sorter, to polarize IL-21+CXCL13+ (IL-21-positive and C-X-C chemokine ligand type 13-positive) Tfh-like cells. In situ imaging analysis was performed on Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease stage IV COPD lungs with TLOs.Measurements and Main Results: Single-cell RNA-sequencing analysis revealed a high degree of heterogeneity among human lung myeloid cells. Among these, conventional dendritic type 2 cells (cDC2s) showed increased induction of IL-21+CXCL13+ Tfh-like cells. Importantly, the capacity to induce IL-21+ Tfh-like cells was higher in cDC2s from patients with COPD than in those from control patients. Increased Tfh-cell induction by COPD cDC2s correlated with increased presence of Tfh-like cells in COPD lungs as compared with those in control lungs, and cDC2s colocalized with Tfh-like cells in TLOs of COPD lungs. Mechanistically, cDC2s exhibited a unique migratory signature and (transcriptional) expression of several pathways and genes related to DC-induced Tfh-cell priming. Importantly, blocking the costimulatory OX40L (OX40 ligand)-OX40 axis reduced Tfh-cell induction by control lung cDC2s.Conclusions: In COPD lungs, we found lung EBI2+ (Epstein-Barr virus-induced gene 2-positive) OX-40L-expressing cDC2s that induced IL-21+ Tfh-like cells, suggesting an involvement of these cells in TLO formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Naessens
- Translational Science and Experimental Medicine, Research and Early Development, Respiratory, Inflammation, Autoimmunity
| | - Yannick Morias
- Bioscience Cardiovascular, Research and Early Development, Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism (CVRM), and
| | - Eva Hamrud
- Translational Science and Experimental Medicine, Research and Early Development, Respiratory, Inflammation, Autoimmunity
| | - Ulf Gehrmann
- Translational Science and Experimental Medicine, Research and Early Development, Respiratory, Inflammation, Autoimmunity
| | - Ramachandramouli Budida
- Translational Science and Experimental Medicine, Research and Early Development, Respiratory, Inflammation, Autoimmunity
| | - Johan Mattsson
- Translational Science and Experimental Medicine, Research and Early Development, Respiratory, Inflammation, Autoimmunity
| | - Tina Baker
- Translational Science and Experimental Medicine, Research and Early Development, Respiratory, Inflammation, Autoimmunity, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Gabriel Skogberg
- Bioscience COPD/IPF, Research and Early Development, Respiratory, Inflammation, Autoimmunity, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Elisabeth Israelsson
- Translational Science and Experimental Medicine, Research and Early Development, Respiratory, Inflammation, Autoimmunity
| | - Kristofer Thörn
- Translational Science and Experimental Medicine, Research and Early Development, Respiratory, Inflammation, Autoimmunity
| | - Martijn J Schuijs
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Bastian Angermann
- Translational Science and Experimental Medicine, Research and Early Development, Respiratory, Inflammation, Autoimmunity
| | - Faye Melville
- Faculty of Medicine, Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Karl J Staples
- Faculty of Medicine, Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Danen M Cunoosamy
- Translational Science and Experimental Medicine, Research and Early Development, Respiratory, Inflammation, Autoimmunity
| | - Bart N Lambrecht
- Laboratory of Immunoregulation, VIB-UGhent Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; and.,Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
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38
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Bhaskaran N, Faddoul F, Paes da Silva A, Jayaraman S, Schneider E, Mamileti P, Weinberg A, Pandiyan P. IL-1β-MyD88-mTOR Axis Promotes Immune-Protective IL-17A +Foxp3 + Cells During Mucosal Infection and Is Dysregulated With Aging. Front Immunol 2020; 11:595936. [PMID: 33240286 PMCID: PMC7677307 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.595936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
CD4+Foxp3+Tregs maintain immune homeostasis, but distinct mechanisms underlying their functional heterogeneity during infections are driven by specific cytokine milieu. Here we show that MyD88 deletion in Foxp3+ cells altered their function and resulted in increased fungal burden and immunopathology during oral Candida albicans (CA) challenge. Excessive inflammation due to the absence of MyD88 in Tregs coincided with a reduction of the unique population of IL-17A expressing Foxp3+ cells (Treg17) and an increase in dysfunctional IFN-γ+/Foxp3+ cells (TregIFN-γ) in infected mice. Failure of MyD88-/- Tregs to regulate effector CD4+ T cell functions correlated with heightened levels of IFN-γ in CD4+ T cells, as well as increased infiltration of inflammatory monocytes and neutrophils in oral mucosa in vivo. Mechanistically, IL-1β/MyD88 signaling was required for the activation of IRAK-4, Akt, and mTOR, which led to the induction and proliferation of Treg17 cells. In the absence of IL-1 receptor signaling, Treg17 cells were reduced, but IL-6-driven expansion of TregIFN-γ cells was increased. This mechanism was physiologically relevant during Candida infection in aged mice, as they exhibited IL-1 receptor/MyD88 defect in Foxp3+ cells, loss of p-mTORhighTreg17 cells and reduced levels of IL-1β in oral mucosa, which coincided with persistent tongue inflammation. Concurrent with Treg dysfunction, aging was associated with increased CD4+ T cell hyperactivation and heightened levels of IL-6 in mice and humans in oral mucosa in vivo. Taken together, our data identify IL-1β/MyD88/Treg axis as a new component that modulates inflammatory responses in oral mucosa. Also, dysregulation of this axis in an aging immune system may skew host defense towards an immunopathological response in mucosal compartments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natarajan Bhaskaran
- Department of Biological Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Fady Faddoul
- Advanced Education in General Dentistry, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Andre Paes da Silva
- Department of Periodontics, School of Dental Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Sangeetha Jayaraman
- Department of Biological Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Elizabeth Schneider
- Department of Biological Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Prerna Mamileti
- Department of Biological Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Aaron Weinberg
- Department of Biological Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Pushpa Pandiyan
- Department of Biological Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States.,Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
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39
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Paris S, Chapat L, Martin-Cagnon N, Durand PY, Piney L, Cariou C, Bergamo P, Bonnet JM, Poulet H, Freyburger L, De Luca K. β-Glucan as Trained Immunity-Based Adjuvants for Rabies Vaccines in Dogs. Front Immunol 2020; 11:564497. [PMID: 33162977 PMCID: PMC7580252 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.564497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The mechanisms of trained immunity have been extensively described in vitro and the beneficial effects are starting to be deciphered in in vivo settings. Prototypical compounds inducing trained immunity, such as β-glucans, act through epigenetic reprogramming and metabolic changes of innate immune cells. The recent advances in this field have opened new areas for the development of Trained immunity-based adjuvants (TIbAs). In this study, we assessed in dogs the potential immune training effects of β-glucans as well as their capacity to enhance the adaptive immune response of an inactivated rabies vaccine (Rabisin®). Injection of β-glucan from Euglena gracilis was performed 1 month before vaccination with Rabisin® supplemented or not with the same β-glucan used as adjuvant. Trained innate immunity parameters were assessed during the first month of the trial. The second phase of the study was focused on the ability of β-glucan to enhance adaptive immune responses measured by multiple immunological parameters. B and T-cell specific responses were monitored to evaluate the immunogenicity of the rabies vaccine adjuvanted with β-glucan or not. Our preliminary results support that adjuvantation of Rabisin® vaccine with β-glucan elicit a higher B-lymphocyte immune response, the prevailing factor of protection against rabies. β-glucan also tend to stimulate the T cell response as shown by the cytokine secretion profile of PBMCs re-stimulated ex vivo. Our data are providing new insights on the impact of trained immunity on the adaptive immune response to vaccines in dogs. The administration of β-glucan, 1 month before or simultaneously to Rabisin® vaccination give promising results for the generation of new TIbA candidates and their potential to provide increased immunogenicity of specific vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Paris
- Boehringer Ingelheim Animal Health, R&D, Lyon, France
- Université de Lyon, APCSe, Pulmonary and Cardiovascular Agression in Sepsis, VetAgro Sup-Campus Vétérinaire de Lyon, Marcy l’Etoile, France
- Département Biologie, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Villeurbanne, France
| | | | | | | | | | - Carine Cariou
- Boehringer Ingelheim Animal Health, R&D, Lyon, France
| | | | - Jeanne-Marie Bonnet
- Université de Lyon, APCSe, Pulmonary and Cardiovascular Agression in Sepsis, VetAgro Sup-Campus Vétérinaire de Lyon, Marcy l’Etoile, France
| | - Hervé Poulet
- Boehringer Ingelheim Animal Health, R&D, Lyon, France
| | - Ludovic Freyburger
- Université de Lyon, APCSe, Pulmonary and Cardiovascular Agression in Sepsis, VetAgro Sup-Campus Vétérinaire de Lyon, Marcy l’Etoile, France
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40
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Hasgur S, Fan R, Zwick DB, Fairchild RL, Valujskikh A. B cell-derived IL-1β and IL-6 drive T cell reconstitution following lymphoablation. Am J Transplant 2020; 20:2740-2754. [PMID: 32342598 PMCID: PMC7956246 DOI: 10.1111/ajt.15960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Revised: 03/26/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the mechanisms of T cell homeostatic expansion is crucial for clinical applications of lymphoablative therapies. We previously established that T cell recovery in mouse heart allograft recipients treated with anti-thymocyte globulin (mATG) critically depends on B cells and is mediated by B cell-derived soluble factors. B cell production of interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-6 is markedly upregulated after heart allotransplantation and lymphoablation. Neutralizing IL-1β or IL-6 with mAb or the use of recipients lacking mature IL-1β, IL-6, IL-1R, MyD88, or IL-6R impair CD4+ and CD8+ T cell recovery and significantly enhance the graft-prolonging efficacy of lymphoablation. Adoptive co-transfer experiments demonstrate a direct effect of IL-6 but not IL-1β on T lymphocytes. Furthermore, B cells incapable of IL-1β or IL-6 production have diminished capacity to mediate T cell reconstitution and initiate heart allograft rejection upon adoptive transfer into mATG treated B cell deficient recipients. These findings reveal the essential role of B cell-derived IL-1β and IL-6 during homeostatic T cell expansion in a clinically relevant model of lymphoablation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suheyla Hasgur
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio 44195, USA
| | - Ran Fan
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio 44195, USA
| | - Daniel B. Zwick
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio 44195, USA
| | - Robert L. Fairchild
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio 44195, USA
| | - Anna Valujskikh
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio 44195, USA
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41
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O’Ketch M, Williams S, Larson C, Uhrlaub JL, Wong R, Hall B, Deshpande NR, Schenten D. MAVS regulates the quality of the antibody response to West-Nile Virus. PLoS Pathog 2020; 16:e1009009. [PMID: 33104760 PMCID: PMC7644103 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1009009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Revised: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
A key difference that distinguishes viral infections from protein immunizations is the recognition of viral nucleic acids by cytosolic pattern recognition receptors (PRRs). Insights into the functions of cytosolic PRRs such as the RNA-sensing Rig-I-like receptors (RLRs) in the instruction of adaptive immunity are therefore critical to understand protective immunity to infections. West Nile virus (WNV) infection of mice deficent of RLR-signaling adaptor MAVS results in a defective adaptive immune response. While this finding suggests a role for RLRs in the instruction of adaptive immunity to WNV, it is difficult to interpret due to the high WNV viremia, associated exessive antigen loads, and pathology in the absence of a MAVS-dependent innate immune response. To overcome these limitations, we have infected MAVS-deficient (MAVSKO) mice with a single-round-of-infection mutant of West Nile virus. We show that MAVSKO mice failed to produce an effective neutralizing antibody response to WNV despite normal antibody titers against the viral WNV-E protein. This defect occurred independently of antigen loads or overt pathology. The specificity of the antibody response in infected MAVSKO mice remained unchanged and was still dominated by antibodies that bound the neutralizing lateral ridge (LR) epitope in the DIII domain of WNV-E. Instead, MAVSKO mice produced IgM antibodies, the dominant isotype controlling primary WNV infection, with lower affinity for the DIII domain. Our findings suggest that RLR-dependent signals are important for the quality of the humoral immune response to WNV.
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MESH Headings
- Adaptive Immunity/immunology
- Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing/genetics
- Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing/immunology
- Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing/metabolism
- Animals
- Antibodies, Neutralizing/immunology
- Antibodies, Viral/immunology
- Antibody Formation
- DEAD Box Protein 58/immunology
- DEAD Box Protein 58/metabolism
- Female
- Immunity, Humoral
- Immunity, Innate/immunology
- Immunoglobulin M
- Male
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Knockout
- Receptors, Pattern Recognition/immunology
- Receptors, Pattern Recognition/metabolism
- Signal Transduction/immunology
- West Nile Fever/immunology
- West Nile Fever/virology
- West Nile virus/pathogenicity
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Affiliation(s)
- Marvin O’Ketch
- Department of Immunobiology, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, United States of America
| | - Spencer Williams
- Department of Immunobiology, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, United States of America
| | - Cameron Larson
- Department of Immunobiology, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, United States of America
| | - Jennifer L. Uhrlaub
- Department of Immunobiology, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, United States of America
| | - Rachel Wong
- Department of Immunobiology, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, United States of America
- Division of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Washington University in St. Louis, Saint Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Brenna Hall
- Department of Immunobiology, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, United States of America
| | - Neha R. Deshpande
- Department of Immunobiology, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, United States of America
| | - Dominik Schenten
- Department of Immunobiology, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, United States of America
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42
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Nüssing S, Trapani JA, Parish IA. Revisiting T Cell Tolerance as a Checkpoint Target for Cancer Immunotherapy. Front Immunol 2020; 11:589641. [PMID: 33072137 PMCID: PMC7538772 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.589641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapy has revolutionized the treatment of cancer. Nevertheless, the majority of patients do not respond to therapy, meaning a deeper understanding of tumor immune evasion strategies is required to boost treatment efficacy. The vast majority of immunotherapy studies have focused on how treatment reinvigorates exhausted CD8+ T cells within the tumor. In contrast, how therapies influence regulatory processes within the draining lymph node is less well studied. In particular, relatively little has been done to examine how tumors may exploit peripheral CD8+ T cell tolerance, an under-studied immune checkpoint that under normal circumstances prevents detrimental autoimmune disease by blocking the initiation of T cell responses. Here we review the therapeutic potential of blocking peripheral CD8+ T cell tolerance for the treatment of cancer. We first comprehensively review what has been learnt about the regulation of CD8+ T cell peripheral tolerance from the non-tumor models in which peripheral tolerance was first defined. We next consider how the tolerant state differs from other states of negative regulation, such as T cell exhaustion and senescence. Finally, we describe how tumors hijack the peripheral tolerance immune checkpoint to prevent anti-tumor immune responses, and argue that disruption of peripheral tolerance may contribute to both the anti-cancer efficacy and autoimmune side-effects of immunotherapy. Overall, we propose that a deeper understanding of peripheral tolerance will ultimately enable the development of more targeted and refined cancer immunotherapy approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Nüssing
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Joseph A Trapani
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Ian A Parish
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
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43
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Harbour SN, DiToro DF, Witte SJ, Zindl CL, Gao M, Schoeb TR, Jones GW, Jones SA, Hatton RD, Weaver CT. T H17 cells require ongoing classic IL-6 receptor signaling to retain transcriptional and functional identity. Sci Immunol 2020; 5:5/49/eaaw2262. [PMID: 32680955 DOI: 10.1126/sciimmunol.aaw2262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2018] [Revised: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 06/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Acting in concert with TGF-β, interleukin-6 (IL-6) signaling induces T helper 17 (TH17) cell development by programming TH17-related genes via signal transducers and activators of transcription 3 (STAT3). A role for IL-6 signaling beyond the inductive phase of TH17 cell development has not been defined because IL-23 signaling downstream of TH17 cell induction also activates STAT3 and is thought responsible for TH17 cell maintenance. Here, we find that IL-6 signaling is required for both induction and maintenance of mouse TH17 cells; IL-6Rα-deficient TH17 cells rapidly lost their TH17 phenotype and did not cause disease in two models of colitis. Cotransfer of wild-type TH17 cells with IL-6Rα-deficient TH17 cells induced colitis but was unable to rescue phenotype loss of the latter. High IL-6 expression in the colon promoted classic, or cis, rather than transreceptor signaling that was required for maintenance of TH17 cells. Thus, ongoing classic IL-6 signaling underpins the TH17 program and is required for TH17 cell maintenance and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stacey N Harbour
- Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Daniel F DiToro
- Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Steven J Witte
- Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Carlene L Zindl
- Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Min Gao
- Department of Genetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA.,Informatics Institute, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Trenton R Schoeb
- Department of Genetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Gareth W Jones
- School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.,Systems Immunity University Research Institute, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF14 4XN, Wales, UK.,Division of Infection and Immunity, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF14 4XN, Wales, UK
| | - Simon A Jones
- Systems Immunity University Research Institute, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF14 4XN, Wales, UK.,Division of Infection and Immunity, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF14 4XN, Wales, UK
| | - Robin D Hatton
- Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Casey T Weaver
- Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA.
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44
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Lee K, Jang SH, Tian H, Kim SJ. NonO Is a Novel Co-factor of PRDM1 and Regulates Inflammatory Response in Monocyte Derived-Dendritic Cells. Front Immunol 2020; 11:1436. [PMID: 32765503 PMCID: PMC7378894 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.01436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Proper expression of the transcription factor, Positive regulatory domain 1 (PRDM1), is required for maintaining homeostasis of human monocyte derived-dendritic cells (MO-DCs). The molecular mechanisms and gene targets of PRDM1 in B and T lymphocytes have been identified. However, the function of PRDM1 in dendritic cells (DCs) remains unclear. We investigate co-regulators of PRDM1 in MO-DCs identified by mass spectrometry (MS) and co-immunoprecipitation (Co-IP). Notably, non-POU domain-containing octamer-binding protein (NonO) was found to be a PRDM1 binding protein in the nucleus of MO-DCs. NonO is recruited to the PRDM1 binding site in the promoter region of IL-6. Knockdown of NonO expression by siRNA lessened suppression of IL-6 promoter activity by PRMD1 following LPS stimulation. While NonO binding to PRDM1 was observed in human myeloma cell lines, an effect of NonO on IL-6 expression was not observed. Thus, loss of NonO interrupted the inhibitory effect of PRDM1 on IL-6 expression in MO-DCs, but not plasma cells. Moreover, MO-DCs with low expression of PRDM1 or NonO induce an increased number of IL-21-producing TFH-like cells in vitro. These data suggest that low level of PRDM1 and NonO lead to enhanced activation of MO-DCs and the regulation of MO-DC function by PRDM1 is mediated through cell lineage-specific mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyungwoo Lee
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY, United States
| | - Su Hwa Jang
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY, United States.,Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hong Tian
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY, United States
| | - Sun Jung Kim
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY, United States
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45
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Knochelmann HM, Dwyer CJ, Smith AS, Bowers JS, Wyatt MM, Nelson MH, Rangel Rivera GO, Horton JD, Krieg C, Armeson K, Lesinski GB, Rubinstein MP, Li Z, Paulos CM. IL6 Fuels Durable Memory for Th17 Cell-Mediated Responses to Tumors. Cancer Res 2020; 80:3920-3932. [PMID: 32561531 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-19-3685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2019] [Revised: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The accessibility of adoptive T-cell transfer therapies (ACT) is hindered by the cost and time required for product development. Here we describe a streamlined ACT protocol using Th17 cells expanded only 4 days ex vivo. While shortening expansion compromised cell yield, this method licensed Th17 cells to eradicate large tumors to a greater extent than cells expanded longer term. Day 4 Th17 cells engrafted, induced release of multiple cytokines including IL6, IL17, MCP-1, and GM-CSF in the tumor-bearing host, and persisted as memory cells. IL6 was a critical component for efficacy of these therapies via its promotion of long-term immunity and resistance to tumor relapse. Mechanistically, IL6 diminished engraftment of FoxP3+ donor T cells, corresponding with robust tumor infiltration by donor effector over regulatory cells for the Day 4 Th17 cell product relative to cell products expanded longer durations ex vivo. Collectively, this work describes a method to rapidly generate therapeutic T-cell products for ACT and implicates IL6 in promoting durable immunity of Th17 cells against large, established solid tumors. SIGNIFICANCE: An abbreviated, 4-day ex vivo expansion method licenses Th17 cells to confer long-lived immunity against solid malignancies via induction of systemic IL6 in the host.See related commentary by Fiering and Ho, p. 3795.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah M Knochelmann
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina. .,Department of Dermatology & Dermatologic Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - Connor J Dwyer
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina.,Department of Dermatology & Dermatologic Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - Aubrey S Smith
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina.,Department of Dermatology & Dermatologic Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - Jacob S Bowers
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina.,Department of Dermatology & Dermatologic Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - Megan M Wyatt
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina.,Department of Dermatology & Dermatologic Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - Michelle H Nelson
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina.,Department of Dermatology & Dermatologic Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - Guillermo O Rangel Rivera
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina.,Department of Dermatology & Dermatologic Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - Joshua D Horton
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - Carsten Krieg
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - Kent Armeson
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - Gregory B Lesinski
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Mark P Rubinstein
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina.,Department of Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - Zihai Li
- Pelotonia Institute for Immuno-Oncology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Chrystal M Paulos
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina. .,Department of Dermatology & Dermatologic Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
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46
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Batista A, Rodvold JJ, Xian S, Searles SC, Lew A, Iwawaki T, Almanza G, Waller TC, Lin J, Jepsen K, Carter H, Zanetti M. IRE1α regulates macrophage polarization, PD-L1 expression, and tumor survival. PLoS Biol 2020; 18:e3000687. [PMID: 32520957 PMCID: PMC7307794 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3000687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Revised: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
In the tumor microenvironment, local immune dysregulation is driven in part by macrophages and dendritic cells that are polarized to a mixed proinflammatory/immune-suppressive phenotype. The unfolded protein response (UPR) is emerging as the possible origin of these events. Here we report that the inositol-requiring enzyme 1 (IRE1α) branch of the UPR is directly involved in the polarization of macrophages in vitro and in vivo, including the up-regulation of interleukin 6 (IL-6), IL-23, Arginase1, as well as surface expression of CD86 and programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1). Macrophages in which the IRE1α/X-box binding protein 1 (Xbp1) axis is blocked pharmacologically or deleted genetically have significantly reduced polarization and CD86 and PD-L1 expression, which was induced independent of IFNγ signaling, suggesting a novel mechanism in PD-L1 regulation in macrophages. Mice with IRE1α- but not Xbp1-deficient macrophages showed greater survival than controls when implanted with B16.F10 melanoma cells. Remarkably, we found a significant association between the IRE1α gene signature and CD274 gene expression in tumor-infiltrating macrophages in humans. RNA sequencing (RNASeq) analysis showed that bone marrow-derived macrophages with IRE1α deletion lose the integrity of the gene connectivity characteristic of regulated IRE1α-dependent decay (RIDD) and the ability to activate CD274 gene expression. Thus, the IRE1α/Xbp1 axis drives the polarization of macrophages in the tumor microenvironment initiating a complex immune dysregulation leading to failure of local immune surveillance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alyssa Batista
- The Laboratory of Immunology, Department of Medicine and Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
| | - Jeffrey J. Rodvold
- The Laboratory of Immunology, Department of Medicine and Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
| | - Su Xian
- Division of Medical Genetics; Department of Medicine, and Bioinformatics and Systems Biology Program, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
| | - Stephen C. Searles
- The Laboratory of Immunology, Department of Medicine and Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
| | - Alyssa Lew
- The Laboratory of Immunology, Department of Medicine and Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
| | - Takao Iwawaki
- Laboratory for Cell Recovery Mechanisms, Brain Science Institute, RIKEN, Hirosawa, Japan
| | - Gonzalo Almanza
- The Laboratory of Immunology, Department of Medicine and Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
| | - T. Cameron Waller
- Division of Medical Genetics; Department of Medicine, and Bioinformatics and Systems Biology Program, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
| | - Jonathan Lin
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California, United States of America
| | - Kristen Jepsen
- IGM Genomics Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
| | - Hannah Carter
- Division of Medical Genetics; Department of Medicine, and Bioinformatics and Systems Biology Program, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
| | - Maurizio Zanetti
- The Laboratory of Immunology, Department of Medicine and Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
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47
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Johnson BZ, Stevenson AW, Prêle CM, Fear MW, Wood FM. The Role of IL-6 in Skin Fibrosis and Cutaneous Wound Healing. Biomedicines 2020; 8:biomedicines8050101. [PMID: 32365896 PMCID: PMC7277690 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines8050101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 197] [Impact Index Per Article: 49.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2020] [Revised: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The timely resolution of wound healing is critical for restoring the skin as a protective barrier. The switch from a proinflammatory to a reparative microenvironment must be tightly regulated. Interleukin (IL)-6 is a key modulator of the inflammatory and reparative process: it is involved in the differentiation, activation, and proliferation of leukocytes, endothelial cells, keratinocytes, and fibroblasts. This review examines the role of IL-6 in the healing of cutaneous wounds, and how dysregulation of IL-6 signaling can lead to either fibrosis or a failure to heal. The role of an IL-6/TGF-β feedback loop is discussed in the context of fibrogenesis, while IL-6 expression and responses in advanced age, diabetes, and obesity is outlined regarding the development of chronic wounds. Current research on therapies that modulate IL-6 is explored. Here, we consider IL-6′s diverse impact on cutaneous wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Blair Z. Johnson
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia; (A.W.S.); (C.M.P.); (M.W.F.); (F.M.W.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Andrew W. Stevenson
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia; (A.W.S.); (C.M.P.); (M.W.F.); (F.M.W.)
| | - Cecilia M. Prêle
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia; (A.W.S.); (C.M.P.); (M.W.F.); (F.M.W.)
- Institute for Respiratory Health, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Mark W. Fear
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia; (A.W.S.); (C.M.P.); (M.W.F.); (F.M.W.)
| | - Fiona M. Wood
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia; (A.W.S.); (C.M.P.); (M.W.F.); (F.M.W.)
- WA Department of Health, 189 Royal St, East Perth, WA 6004, Australia
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Heiniö C, Havunen R, Santos J, de Lint K, Cervera-Carrascon V, Kanerva A, Hemminki A. TNFa and IL2 Encoding Oncolytic Adenovirus Activates Pathogen and Danger-Associated Immunological Signaling. Cells 2020; 9:cells9040798. [PMID: 32225009 PMCID: PMC7225950 DOI: 10.3390/cells9040798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Revised: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
In order to break tumor resistance towards traditional treatments, we investigate the response of tumor and immune cells to a novel, cytokine-armed oncolytic adenovirus: Ad5/3-d24-E2F-hTNFa-IRES-hIL2 (also known as TILT-123 and OAd.TNFa-IL2). There are several pattern recognition receptors (PRR) that might mediate adenovirus-infection recognition. However, the role and specific effects of each PRR on the tumor microenvironment and treatment outcome remain unclear. Hence, the aim of this study was to investigate the effects of OAd.TNFa-IL2 infection on PRR-mediated danger- and pathogen-associated molecular pattern (DAMP and PAMP, respectively) signaling. In addition, we wanted to see which PRRs mediate an antitumor response and are therefore relevant for optimizing this virotherapy. We determined that OAd.TNFa-IL2 induced DAMP and PAMP release and consequent tumor microenvironment modulation. We show that the AIM2 inflammasome is activated during OAd.TNFa-IL2 virotherapy, thus creating an immunostimulatory antitumor microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camilla Heiniö
- Cancer Gene Therapy Group, Faculty of Medicine, TRIMM, University of Helsinki, Haartmaninkatu 3, 00290 Helsinki, Finland; (C.H.); (J.S.); (V.C.-C.); (A.K.)
| | - Riikka Havunen
- TILT Biotherapeutics Ltd., Haartmaninkatu 3, 00290 Helsinki, Finland;
| | - Joao Santos
- Cancer Gene Therapy Group, Faculty of Medicine, TRIMM, University of Helsinki, Haartmaninkatu 3, 00290 Helsinki, Finland; (C.H.); (J.S.); (V.C.-C.); (A.K.)
- TILT Biotherapeutics Ltd., Haartmaninkatu 3, 00290 Helsinki, Finland;
| | - Klaas de Lint
- Cancer Center Amsterdam, Department of Clinical Genetics, Section Oncogenetics, Amsterdam UMC, De Boelelaan 1117, 1118, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands;
| | - Victor Cervera-Carrascon
- Cancer Gene Therapy Group, Faculty of Medicine, TRIMM, University of Helsinki, Haartmaninkatu 3, 00290 Helsinki, Finland; (C.H.); (J.S.); (V.C.-C.); (A.K.)
- TILT Biotherapeutics Ltd., Haartmaninkatu 3, 00290 Helsinki, Finland;
| | - Anna Kanerva
- Cancer Gene Therapy Group, Faculty of Medicine, TRIMM, University of Helsinki, Haartmaninkatu 3, 00290 Helsinki, Finland; (C.H.); (J.S.); (V.C.-C.); (A.K.)
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Helsinki University Hospital, Haartmaninkatu 2, 00290 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Akseli Hemminki
- Cancer Gene Therapy Group, Faculty of Medicine, TRIMM, University of Helsinki, Haartmaninkatu 3, 00290 Helsinki, Finland; (C.H.); (J.S.); (V.C.-C.); (A.K.)
- TILT Biotherapeutics Ltd., Haartmaninkatu 3, 00290 Helsinki, Finland;
- Helsinki University Hospital Comprehensive Cancer Center, Paciuksenkatu 3, 00290 Helsinki, Finland
- Correspondence:
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49
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Siddiq M, Wang F, Xiao M, Lin XJ, Fatima N, Iqbal S, Iqbal U, Piao XH, Liu L. Inhibition of lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation via the protective role of T regulatory cells in the fetal liver in a late-pregnancy preterm mouse model. Clinics (Sao Paulo) 2020; 75:e1665. [PMID: 33206750 PMCID: PMC7603294 DOI: 10.6061/clinics/2020/e1665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2019] [Accepted: 03/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study intended to explore the effect of T regulatory cells (Tregs) in the perinatal liver against LPS-induced inflammation in a preterm birth mouse model. Moreover, the role of adoptive Tregs on the inflammatory response induced by LPS was also studied. METHODS Female BALB/C mice were injected intraperitoneally (IP) with LPS dissolved in normal saline solution at a dose of 50 µg/kg. Spleens from pregnant mice were used to obtain Tregs. The expression of Forkhead family transcription factor-3 (Foxp3), Interleukin-6 (IL-6), Toll-like receptor-4 (TLR-4), and Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) were assessed from fetal liver tissues by polymerase chain reaction and western blotting. RESULTS LPS administered to mice induced an inflammatory response in the perinatal liver, and this inflammatory response was negatively regulated by Tregs in the experimental group. Maternal-fetal tolerance was maintained by Tregs. Transmission of Tregs was estimated in different experimental groups based on the mRNA expression of TLR-4, IL-6, HO-1, and Foxp3. CONCLUSIONS After analysis of the experimental data, it was determined that Tregs exhibited regulatory potential against LPS-induced inflammatory response. Further, it was concluded that the transmission of Tregs improved the mother's immune tolerance against LPS-induced inflammation in the fetal liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Siddiq
- Department of Neonatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University College of Medicine, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Fan Wang
- Department of Neonatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University College of Medicine, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Mi Xiao
- Department of Neonatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University College of Medicine, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiao Jie Lin
- Department of Neonatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University College of Medicine, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Nazira Fatima
- Department of Biotechnology, Mirpur University of Science & Technology Pakistan, Pakistan and Laboratory Animal Center Xian Jiaotong University Health Science Centre, Xian Shaanxi, China
| | - Sara Iqbal
- Akhtar Saeed Medical & Dental College, Akhtar Saeed Trust Hospital & Farooq Hospital Lahore, Akhtar Saeed Medical & Dental CollegeAkhtar Saeed Trust Hospital & Farooq Hospital LahorePakistanPakistan
| | - Umar Iqbal
- Akhtar Saeed Medical & Dental College, Akhtar Saeed Trust Hospital & Farooq Hospital Lahore, Akhtar Saeed Medical & Dental CollegeAkhtar Saeed Trust Hospital & Farooq Hospital LahorePakistanPakistan
| | - Xian-Hua Piao
- The Division of Newborn Medicine, Boston Children’s Hospital of Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, U.S.A
| | - Li Liu
- Department of Neonatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University College of Medicine, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
- *Corresponding authors. E-mail:
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Ligeiro D, Rao M, Maia A, Castillo M, Beltran A, Maeurer M. B Cells in the Gastrointestinal Tumor Microenvironment with a Focus on Pancreatic Cancer: Opportunities for Precision Medicine? ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2020; 1273:175-195. [PMID: 33119882 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-49270-0_10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
We review state-of-the-art in translational and clinical studies focusing on the tumor microenvironment (TME) with a focus on tumor-infiltrating B cells (TIBs). The TME is a dynamic matrix of mutations, immune-regulatory networks, and distinct cell-to-cell interactions which collectively impact on disease progress. We discuss relevant findings concerning B cells in pancreatic cancer, the concepts of "bystander" B cells, the role of antigen-specific B cells contributing to augmenting anticancer-directed immune responses, the role of B cells as prognostic markers for response to checkpoint inhibitors (ICBs), and the potential use in adoptive cell tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte (TIL) products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dário Ligeiro
- Immunogenetics Unit, Lisbon Centre for Blood and Transplantation (Instituto Português do Sangue e Transplantação, IPST), Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Martin Rao
- Immunosurgery Unit, Champalimaud Center for the Unknown, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Andreia Maia
- Department of Pathology, Champalimaud Centre for the Unknown, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Mireia Castillo
- Department of Pathology, Champalimaud Centre for the Unknown, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Antonio Beltran
- Department of Pathology, Champalimaud Centre for the Unknown, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Markus Maeurer
- Immunosurgery Unit, Champalimaud Center for the Unknown, Lisbon, Portugal.
- I Med Clinical University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany.
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