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Bögemann SA, Riepenhausen A, Puhlmann LMC, Bar S, Hermsen EJC, Mituniewicz J, Reppmann ZC, Uściƚko A, van Leeuwen JMC, Wackerhagen C, Yuen KSL, Zerban M, Weermeijer J, Marciniak MA, Mor N, van Kraaij A, Köber G, Pooseh S, Koval P, Arias-Vásquez A, Binder H, De Raedt W, Kleim B, Myin-Germeys I, Roelofs K, Timmer J, Tüscher O, Hendler T, Kobylińska D, Veer IM, Kalisch R, Hermans EJ, Walter H. Investigating two mobile just-in-time adaptive interventions to foster psychological resilience: research protocol of the DynaM-INT study. BMC Psychol 2023; 11:245. [PMID: 37626397 PMCID: PMC10464364 DOI: 10.1186/s40359-023-01249-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stress-related disorders such as anxiety and depression are highly prevalent and cause a tremendous burden for affected individuals and society. In order to improve prevention strategies, knowledge regarding resilience mechanisms and ways to boost them is highly needed. In the Dynamic Modelling of Resilience - interventional multicenter study (DynaM-INT), we will conduct a large-scale feasibility and preliminary efficacy test for two mobile- and wearable-based just-in-time adaptive interventions (JITAIs), designed to target putative resilience mechanisms. Deep participant phenotyping at baseline serves to identify individual predictors for intervention success in terms of target engagement and stress resilience. METHODS DynaM-INT aims to recruit N = 250 healthy but vulnerable young adults in the transition phase between adolescence and adulthood (18-27 years) across five research sites (Berlin, Mainz, Nijmegen, Tel Aviv, and Warsaw). Participants are included if they report at least three negative burdensome past life events and show increased levels of internalizing symptoms while not being affected by any major mental disorder. Participants are characterized in a multimodal baseline phase, which includes neuropsychological tests, neuroimaging, bio-samples, sociodemographic and psychological questionnaires, a video-recorded interview, as well as ecological momentary assessments (EMA) and ecological physiological assessments (EPA). Subsequently, participants are randomly assigned to one of two ecological momentary interventions (EMIs), targeting either positive cognitive reappraisal or reward sensitivity. During the following intervention phase, participants' stress responses are tracked using EMA and EPA, and JITAIs are triggered if an individually calibrated stress threshold is crossed. In a three-month-long follow-up phase, parts of the baseline characterization phase are repeated. Throughout the entire study, stressor exposure and mental health are regularly monitored to calculate stressor reactivity as a proxy for outcome resilience. The online monitoring questionnaires and the repetition of the baseline questionnaires also serve to assess target engagement. DISCUSSION The DynaM-INT study intends to advance the field of resilience research by feasibility-testing two new mechanistically targeted JITAIs that aim at increasing individual stress resilience and identifying predictors for successful intervention response. Determining these predictors is an important step toward future randomized controlled trials to establish the efficacy of these interventions.
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Grants
- 777084 European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program
- 777084 European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program
- 777084 European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program
- 777084 European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program
- 777084 European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program
- 777084 European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program
- 777084 European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program
- 777084 European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program
- 777084 European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program
- 777084 European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program
- 777084 European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program
- 777084 European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program
- 777084 European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program
- 777084 European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program
- 777084 European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program
- 777084 European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program
- DFG Grant CRC 1193, subprojects B01, C01, C04, Z03 Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft
- DFG Grant CRC 1193, subprojects B01, C01, C04, Z03 Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft
- 01KX2021 German Federal Ministry for Education and Research (BMBF) as part of the Network for University Medicine
- MARP program, DRZ program, Leibniz Institute for Resilience Research State of Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany
- MARP program, DRZ program, Leibniz Institute for Resilience Research State of Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany
- European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program
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Affiliation(s)
- S A Bögemann
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Kapittelweg 29, Nijmegen, 6525 EN, The Netherlands.
| | - A Riepenhausen
- Research Division of Mind and Brain, Department of Psychiatry and Neurosciences CCM, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität Zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
- Faculty of Philosophy, Berlin School of Mind and Brain, Humboldt-Universität Zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - L M C Puhlmann
- Leibniz Institute for Resilience Research (LIR), Mainz, Germany
- Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - S Bar
- Sagol Brain Institute, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - E J C Hermsen
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Kapittelweg 29, Nijmegen, 6525 EN, The Netherlands
| | - J Mituniewicz
- Faculty of Psychology, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Z C Reppmann
- Research Division of Mind and Brain, Department of Psychiatry and Neurosciences CCM, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität Zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - A Uściƚko
- Faculty of Psychology, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - J M C van Leeuwen
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Kapittelweg 29, Nijmegen, 6525 EN, The Netherlands
| | - C Wackerhagen
- Research Division of Mind and Brain, Department of Psychiatry and Neurosciences CCM, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität Zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - K S L Yuen
- Leibniz Institute for Resilience Research (LIR), Mainz, Germany
- Neuroimaging Center (NIC), Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN), Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany
| | - M Zerban
- Neuroimaging Center (NIC), Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN), Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany
| | - J Weermeijer
- Center for Contextual Psychiatry, Department of Neurosciences, KU Leuven, Louvain, Belgium
| | - M A Marciniak
- Division of Experimental Psychopathology and Psychotherapy, Department of Psychology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Psychiatric University Hospital (PUK), University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - N Mor
- Sagol Brain Institute, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - A van Kraaij
- OnePlanet Research Center, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - G Köber
- Institute of Medical Biometry and Statistics, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Freiburg Center for Data Analysis and Modelling, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - S Pooseh
- Freiburg Center for Data Analysis and Modelling, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - P Koval
- Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Vic, 3010, Australia
| | - A Arias-Vásquez
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Kapittelweg 29, Nijmegen, 6525 EN, The Netherlands
| | - H Binder
- Institute of Medical Biometry and Statistics, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Freiburg Center for Data Analysis and Modelling, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - W De Raedt
- Life Sciences Department, Imec, Louvain, Belgium
| | - B Kleim
- Division of Experimental Psychopathology and Psychotherapy, Department of Psychology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Psychiatric University Hospital (PUK), University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - I Myin-Germeys
- Center for Contextual Psychiatry, Department of Neurosciences, KU Leuven, Louvain, Belgium
| | - K Roelofs
- Center for Cognitive Neuroimaging, Donders Institute for Brain Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - J Timmer
- Freiburg Center for Data Analysis and Modelling, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Institute of Physics, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Signalling Research Centres BIOSS and CIBSS, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - O Tüscher
- Leibniz Institute for Resilience Research (LIR), Mainz, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany
| | - T Hendler
- Sagol Brain Institute, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- School of Psychological Science, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - D Kobylińska
- Faculty of Psychology, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - I M Veer
- Department of Developmental Psychology, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - R Kalisch
- Leibniz Institute for Resilience Research (LIR), Mainz, Germany
- Neuroimaging Center (NIC), Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN), Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany
| | - E J Hermans
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Kapittelweg 29, Nijmegen, 6525 EN, The Netherlands
| | - H Walter
- Research Division of Mind and Brain, Department of Psychiatry and Neurosciences CCM, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität Zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
- Faculty of Philosophy, Berlin School of Mind and Brain, Humboldt-Universität Zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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Wackerhagen C, Veer IM, van Leeuwen JMC, Reppmann Z, Riepenhausen A, Bögemann SA, Mor N, Puhlmann LM, Uściƚko A, Zerban M, Yuen KSL, Köber G, Pooseh S, Weermeijer J, Marciniak MA, Arias-Vásquez A, Binder H, de Raedt W, Kleim B, Myin-Germeys I, Roelofs K, Timmer J, Tüscher O, Hendler T, Kobylińska D, Hermans EJ, Kalisch R, Walter H. Study protocol description: Dynamic Modelling of Resilience - Observational Study (DynaM-OBS) (Preprint). JMIR Res Protoc 2022. [DOI: 10.2196/39817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
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Siegl A, Matura S, Reif A, Arteaga-Henríquez G, Rosales-Ortiz K, Arias-Vásquez A, Bitter I, Ginsberg Y, Kilencz T, Rethelyi J, Ramos-Quiroga JA. Treating impulsivity with synbiotics in adults: a multicentre, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial. PHARMACOPSYCHIATRY 2020. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0039-3403041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A Siegl
- Universitätsklinikum Frankfurt, Germany
| | - S Matura
- Universitätsklinikum Frankfurt, Germany
| | - A Reif
- Universitätsklinikum Frankfurt, Germany
| | | | | | | | - I Bitter
- Universitätsklinikum Frankfurt, Germany
| | | | - T Kilencz
- Universitätsklinikum Frankfurt, Germany
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4
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Arteaga-Henríquez G, Rosales-Ortiz SK, Arias-Vásquez A, Bitter I, Ginsberg Y, Ibañez-Jimenez P, Kilencz T, Lavebratt C, Matura S, Reif A, Rethelyi J, Richarte V, Rommelse N, Siegl A, Ramos-Quiroga JA. Treating impulsivity with probiotics in adults (PROBIA): study protocol of a multicenter, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial. Trials 2020; 21:161. [PMID: 32046750 PMCID: PMC7014653 DOI: 10.1186/s13063-019-4040-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2019] [Accepted: 12/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Impulsivity and compulsivity are related to emotional and social maladjustment and often underlie psychiatric disorders. Recently, alterations in microbiota composition have been shown to have implications for brain development and social behavior via the microbiota-gut-brain axis. However, the exact mechanisms are not fully identified. Recent evidence suggests the modulatory effect of synbiotics on gut microbiota and the contribution of these agents in ameliorating symptoms of many psychiatric diseases. To date, no randomized controlled trial has been performed to establish the feasibility and efficacy of this intervention targeting the reduction of impulsivity and compulsivity. We hypothesize that supplementation with synbiotics may be an effective treatment in adults with high levels of impulsivity and/or compulsivity. METHODS/DESIGN This is a prospective, multicenter, double-blind, randomized controlled trial with two arms: treatment with a synbiotic formula versus placebo treatment. The primary outcome is the response rate at the end of the placebo-controlled phase (response defined as a Clinical Global Impression-Improvement Scale score of 1 or 2 = very much improved or much improved, plus a reduction in the Affective Reactivity Index total score of at least 30% compared with baseline). A total of 180 participants with highly impulsive behavior and a diagnosis of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and/or borderline personality disorder, aged 18-65 years old, will be screened at three study centers. Secondary outcome measures, including changes in general psychopathology, ADHD symptoms, neurocognitive function, somatic parameters, physical activity, nutritional intake, and health-related quality of life, will be explored at assessments before, during, and at the end of the intervention. The effect of the intervention on genetics, microbiota, and several blood biomarkers will also be assessed. Gastrointestinal symptoms and somatic complaints will additionally be explored at 1-week follow-up. DISCUSSION This is the first randomized controlled trial to determine the effects of supplementation with synbiotics on reducing impulsive and compulsive behavior. This clinical trial can contribute to explaining the mechanisms involved in the crosstalk between the intestinal microbiome and the brain. If effects can be established by reducing impulsive and compulsive behavior, new cost-effective treatments might become available to these patients. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03495375. Registered on 26 February 2018.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gara Arteaga-Henríquez
- Department of Psychiatry, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | | | - Alejandro Arias-Vásquez
- Department of Human Genetics, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Department of Psychiatry, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Istvan Bitter
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Ylva Ginsberg
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Centre for Psychiatry Research, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Pol Ibañez-Jimenez
- Department of Psychiatry, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Tünde Kilencz
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Catharina Lavebratt
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.,Center for Molecular Medicine (CMM), Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Silke Matura
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Andreas Reif
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Janos Rethelyi
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Vanesa Richarte
- Department of Psychiatry, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.,Group of Psychiatry, Mental Health and Addictions, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.,Biomedical Network Research Centre on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.,Department of Psychiatry and Legal Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Nanda Rommelse
- Department of Psychiatry, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Karakter Child and Adolescent Psychiatry University Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Anne Siegl
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - J Antoni Ramos-Quiroga
- Department of Psychiatry, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. .,Group of Psychiatry, Mental Health and Addictions, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. .,Biomedical Network Research Centre on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. .,Department of Psychiatry and Legal Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
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5
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Sánchez-Mora C, Soler Artigas M, Garcia-Martínez I, Pagerols M, Rovira P, Richarte V, Corrales M, Fadeuilhe C, Padilla N, de la Cruz X, Franke B, Arias-Vásquez A, Casas M, Ramos-Quiroga JA, Ribasés M. Epigenetic signature for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: identification of miR-26b-5p, miR-185-5p, and miR-191-5p as potential biomarkers in peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Neuropsychopharmacology 2019; 44:890-897. [PMID: 30568281 PMCID: PMC6461896 DOI: 10.1038/s41386-018-0297-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2018] [Revised: 11/21/2018] [Accepted: 12/07/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one of the most prevalent neurodevelopmental disorders in childhood and persists into adulthood in 40-65% of cases. Given the polygenic and heterogeneous architecture of the disorder and the limited overlap between genetic studies, there is a growing interest in epigenetic mechanisms, such as microRNAs, that modulate gene expression and may contribute to the phenotype. We attempted to clarify the role of microRNAs in ADHD at a molecular level through the first genome-wide integrative study of microRNA and mRNA profiles in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of medication-naive individuals with ADHD and healthy controls. We identified 79 microRNAs showing aberrant expression levels in 56 ADHD cases and 69 controls, with three of them, miR-26b-5p, miR-185-5p, and miR-191-5p, being highly predictive for diagnostic status in an independent dataset of 44 ADHD cases and 46 controls. Investigation of downstream microRNA-mediated mechanisms underlying the disorder, which was focused on differentially expressed, experimentally validated target genes of the three highly predictive microRNAs, provided evidence for aberrant myo-inositol signaling in ADHD and indicated an enrichment of genes involved in neurological disease and psychological disorders. Our comprehensive study design reveals novel microRNA-mRNA expression profiles aberrant in ADHD, provides novel insights into microRNA-mediated mechanisms contributing to the disorder, and highlights promising candidate peripheral biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Sánchez-Mora
- Psychiatric Genetics Unit, Group of Psychiatry, Mental Health and Addiction, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
- Department of Psychiatry, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
- Biomedical Network Research Centre on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
| | - María Soler Artigas
- Psychiatric Genetics Unit, Group of Psychiatry, Mental Health and Addiction, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Department of Psychiatry, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Biomedical Network Research Centre on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Iris Garcia-Martínez
- Psychiatric Genetics Unit, Group of Psychiatry, Mental Health and Addiction, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Department of Psychiatry, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Mireia Pagerols
- Psychiatric Genetics Unit, Group of Psychiatry, Mental Health and Addiction, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Department of Psychiatry, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Paula Rovira
- Psychiatric Genetics Unit, Group of Psychiatry, Mental Health and Addiction, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Department of Psychiatry, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Vanesa Richarte
- Department of Psychiatry, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Biomedical Network Research Centre on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Psychiatry and Legal Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Montse Corrales
- Department of Psychiatry, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Biomedical Network Research Centre on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Psychiatry and Legal Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Christian Fadeuilhe
- Department of Psychiatry, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Natàlia Padilla
- Research Unit in Clinical and Translational Bioinformatics, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Research (VHIR), Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Xavier de la Cruz
- Research Unit in Clinical and Translational Bioinformatics, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Research (VHIR), Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- ICREA, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Barbara Franke
- Department of Human Genetics, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Department of Psychiatry, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Alejandro Arias-Vásquez
- Department of Human Genetics, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Department of Psychiatry, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Miguel Casas
- Psychiatric Genetics Unit, Group of Psychiatry, Mental Health and Addiction, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Department of Psychiatry, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Biomedical Network Research Centre on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Psychiatry and Legal Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Josep-Antoni Ramos-Quiroga
- Psychiatric Genetics Unit, Group of Psychiatry, Mental Health and Addiction, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Department of Psychiatry, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Biomedical Network Research Centre on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Psychiatry and Legal Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Marta Ribasés
- Psychiatric Genetics Unit, Group of Psychiatry, Mental Health and Addiction, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
- Department of Psychiatry, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
- Biomedical Network Research Centre on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
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Arias-Vásquez A, Groffen AJ, Spijker S, Ouwens KG, Klein M, Vojinovic D, Galesloot TE, Bralten J, Hottenga JJ, van der Most PJ, Kattenberg VM, Pool R, Nolte IM, Penninx BWJH, Fedko IO, Dolan CV, Nivard MG, den Braber A, van Duijn CM, Hoekstra PJ, Buitelaar JK, Kiemeney LA, Hoogman M, Middeldorp CM, Draisma HHM, Vermeulen SH, Sánchez-Mora C, Ramos-Quiroga JA, Ribasés M, Hartman CA, Kooij JJS, Amin N, Smit AB, Franke B, Boomsma DI. A Potential Role for the STXBP5-AS1 Gene in Adult ADHD Symptoms. Behav Genet 2019; 49:270-285. [PMID: 30659475 DOI: 10.1007/s10519-018-09947-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2018] [Accepted: 12/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
We aimed to detect Attention-deficit/hyperactivity (ADHD) risk-conferring genes in adults. In children, ADHD is characterized by age-inappropriate levels of inattention and/or hyperactivity-impulsivity and may persists into adulthood. Childhood and adulthood ADHD are heritable, and are thought to represent the clinical extreme of a continuous distribution of ADHD symptoms in the general population. We aimed to leverage the power of studies of quantitative ADHD symptoms in adults who were genotyped. Within the SAGA (Study of ADHD trait genetics in adults) consortium, we estimated the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP)-based heritability of quantitative self-reported ADHD symptoms and carried out a genome-wide association meta-analysis in nine adult population-based and case-only cohorts of adults. A total of n = 14,689 individuals were included. In two of the SAGA cohorts we found a significant SNP-based heritability for self-rated ADHD symptom scores of respectively 15% (n = 3656) and 30% (n = 1841). The top hit of the genome-wide meta-analysis (SNP rs12661753; p-value = 3.02 × 10-7) was present in the long non-coding RNA gene STXBP5-AS1. This association was also observed in a meta-analysis of childhood ADHD symptom scores in eight population-based pediatric cohorts from the Early Genetics and Lifecourse Epidemiology (EAGLE) ADHD consortium (n = 14,776). Genome-wide meta-analysis of the SAGA and EAGLE data (n = 29,465) increased the strength of the association with the SNP rs12661753. In human HEK293 cells, expression of STXBP5-AS1 enhanced the expression of a reporter construct of STXBP5, a gene known to be involved in "SNAP" (Soluble NSF attachment protein) Receptor" (SNARE) complex formation. In mouse strains featuring different levels of impulsivity, transcript levels in the prefrontal cortex of the mouse ortholog Gm28905 strongly correlated negatively with motor impulsivity as measured in the five choice serial reaction time task (r2 = - 0.61; p = 0.004). Our results are consistent with an effect of the STXBP5-AS1 gene on ADHD symptom scores distribution and point to a possible biological mechanism, other than antisense RNA inhibition, involved in ADHD-related impulsivity levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Arias-Vásquez
- Department of Psychiatry, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands. .,Department of Human Genetics, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Route 855, Postbus 9101, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands. .,Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
| | - A J Groffen
- Department of Functional Genomics and Department of Clinical Genetics, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam and VU Medical Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - S Spijker
- Netherlands Twin Register, Department of Biological Psychology, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - K G Ouwens
- Netherlands Twin Register, Department of Biological Psychology, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Amsterdam Public Health, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - M Klein
- Department of Human Genetics, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Route 855, Postbus 9101, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - D Vojinovic
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - T E Galesloot
- Department of Epidemiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - J Bralten
- Department of Human Genetics, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Route 855, Postbus 9101, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - J J Hottenga
- Netherlands Twin Register, Department of Biological Psychology, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Amsterdam Public Health, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - P J van der Most
- Department of Epidemiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - V M Kattenberg
- Netherlands Twin Register, Department of Biological Psychology, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - R Pool
- Netherlands Twin Register, Department of Biological Psychology, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Amsterdam Public Health, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - I M Nolte
- Department of Epidemiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - B W J H Penninx
- Department of Psychiatry, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - I O Fedko
- Netherlands Twin Register, Department of Biological Psychology, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Amsterdam Public Health, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - C V Dolan
- Netherlands Twin Register, Department of Biological Psychology, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - M G Nivard
- Netherlands Twin Register, Department of Biological Psychology, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Amsterdam Public Health, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - A den Braber
- Netherlands Twin Register, Department of Biological Psychology, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - C M van Duijn
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - P J Hoekstra
- Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - J K Buitelaar
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Karakter, Child and Adolescent Psychiatry University Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - L A Kiemeney
- Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - M Hoogman
- Department of Human Genetics, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Route 855, Postbus 9101, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - C M Middeldorp
- Netherlands Twin Register, Department of Biological Psychology, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Child Health Research Centre, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.,Child and Youth Mental Health Service, Children's Health Queensland Hospital and Health Services, Brisbane, Australia
| | - H H M Draisma
- Netherlands Twin Register, Department of Biological Psychology, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - S H Vermeulen
- Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - C Sánchez-Mora
- Psychiatric Genetics Unit, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Psychiatry, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain.,Biomedical Network Research Centre on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - J A Ramos-Quiroga
- Department of Psychiatry, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain.,Biomedical Network Research Centre on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Psychiatry and Legal Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - M Ribasés
- Psychiatric Genetics Unit, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Psychiatry, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain.,Biomedical Network Research Centre on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - C A Hartman
- Department of Psychiatry, Interdisciplinary Center Psychopathology and Emotion Regulation, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - J J S Kooij
- Psycho-Medical Programs, PsyQ, Program Adult ADHD, The Hague, The Netherlands
| | - N Amin
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - A B Smit
- Netherlands Twin Register, Department of Biological Psychology, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - B Franke
- Department of Psychiatry, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Department of Human Genetics, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Route 855, Postbus 9101, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - D I Boomsma
- Netherlands Twin Register, Department of Biological Psychology, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Amsterdam Public Health, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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7
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Guadalupe T, Mathias SR, vanErp TGM, Whelan CD, Zwiers MP, Abe Y, Abramovic L, Agartz I, Andreassen OA, Arias-Vásquez A, Aribisala BS, Armstrong NJ, Arolt V, Artiges E, Ayesa-Arriola R, Baboyan VG, Banaschewski T, Barker G, Bastin ME, Baune BT, Blangero J, Bokde ALW, Boedhoe PSW, Bose A, Brem S, Brodaty H, Bromberg U, Brooks S, Büchel C, Buitelaar J, Calhoun VD, Cannon DM, Cattrell A, Cheng Y, Conrod PJ, Conzelmann A, Corvin A, Crespo-Facorro B, Crivello F, Dannlowski U, de Zubicaray GI, de Zwarte SMC, Deary IJ, Desrivières S, Doan NT, Donohoe G, Dørum ES, Ehrlich S, Espeseth T, Fernández G, Flor H, Fouche JP, Frouin V, Fukunaga M, Gallinat J, Garavan H, Gill M, Suarez AG, Gowland P, Grabe HJ, Grotegerd D, Gruber O, Hagenaars S, Hashimoto R, Hauser TU, Heinz A, Hibar DP, Hoekstra PJ, Hoogman M, Howells FM, Hu H, Hulshoff Pol HE, Huyser C, Ittermann B, Jahanshad N, Jönsson EG, Jurk S, Kahn RS, Kelly S, Kraemer B, Kugel H, Kwon JS, Lemaitre H, Lesch KP, Lochner C, Luciano M, Marquand AF, Martin NG, Martínez-Zalacaín I, Martinot JL, Mataix-Cols D, Mather K, McDonald C, McMahon KL, Medland SE, Menchón JM, Morris DW, Mothersill O, Maniega SM, Mwangi B, Nakamae T, Nakao T, Narayanaswaamy JC, Nees F, Nordvik JE, Onnink AMH, Opel N, Ophoff R, Paillère Martinot ML, Papadopoulos Orfanos D, Pauli P, Paus T, Poustka L, Reddy JY, Renteria ME, Roiz-Santiáñez R, Roos A, Royle NA, Sachdev P, Sánchez-Juan P, Schmaal L, Schumann G, Shumskaya E, Smolka MN, Soares JC, Soriano-Mas C, Stein DJ, Strike LT, Toro R, Turner JA, Tzourio-Mazoyer N, Uhlmann A, Hernández MV, van den Heuvel OA, van der Meer D, van Haren NEM, Veltman DJ, Venkatasubramanian G, Vetter NC, Vuletic D, Walitza S, Walter H, Walton E, Wang Z, Wardlaw J, Wen W, Westlye LT, Whelan R, Wittfeld K, Wolfers T, Wright MJ, Xu J, Xu X, Yun JY, Zhao J, Franke B, Thompson PM, Glahn DC, Mazoyer B, Fisher SE, Francks C. Human subcortical brain asymmetries in 15,847 people worldwide reveal effects of age and sex. Brain Imaging Behav 2017; 11:1497-1514. [PMID: 27738994 PMCID: PMC5540813 DOI: 10.1007/s11682-016-9629-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The two hemispheres of the human brain differ functionally and structurally. Despite over a century of research, the extent to which brain asymmetry is influenced by sex, handedness, age, and genetic factors is still controversial. Here we present the largest ever analysis of subcortical brain asymmetries, in a harmonized multi-site study using meta-analysis methods. Volumetric asymmetry of seven subcortical structures was assessed in 15,847 MRI scans from 52 datasets worldwide. There were sex differences in the asymmetry of the globus pallidus and putamen. Heritability estimates, derived from 1170 subjects belonging to 71 extended pedigrees, revealed that additive genetic factors influenced the asymmetry of these two structures and that of the hippocampus and thalamus. Handedness had no detectable effect on subcortical asymmetries, even in this unprecedented sample size, but the asymmetry of the putamen varied with age. Genetic drivers of asymmetry in the hippocampus, thalamus and basal ganglia may affect variability in human cognition, including susceptibility to psychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tulio Guadalupe
- Language & Genetics Department, Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- International Max Planck Research School for Language Sciences, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Samuel R Mathias
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06519, USA
| | - Theo G M vanErp
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Christopher D Whelan
- Imaging Genetics Center, Institute for Neuroimaging & Informatics, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Marina del Rey, CA, USA
- Molecular and Cellular Therapeutics, The Royal College of Surgeons, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Marcel P Zwiers
- Donders Centre for Cognitive Neuroimaging, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Yoshinari Abe
- Department of Psychiatry, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Lucija Abramovic
- Brain Centre Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Ingrid Agartz
- NORMENT - KG Jebsen Centre, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Research and Development, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Psychiatry Section, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ole A Andreassen
- NORMENT - KG Jebsen Centre, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- NORMENT - KG Jebsen Centre, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Alejandro Arias-Vásquez
- Department of Human Genetics, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Department of Psychiatry, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Benjamin S Aribisala
- Department of Computer Science, Lagos State University, Lagos, Nigeria
- Brain Research Imaging Centre, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Nicola J Armstrong
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales (UNSW), Sydney, Australia
- Mathematics and Statistics, Murdoch University, Murdoch, Australia
| | - Volker Arolt
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Eric Artiges
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, INSERM Unit 1000 "Neuroimaging & Psychiatry", University Paris Sud, University Paris Descartes -Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Rosa Ayesa-Arriola
- Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital Marqués de Valdecilla, School of Medicine, University of Cantabria-IDIVAL, Santander, Spain
- CIBERSAM, Centro Investigación Biomédica en Red Salud Mental, Santander, Spain
| | - Vatche G Baboyan
- Imaging Genetics Center, Institute for Neuroimaging & Informatics, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, USA
| | - Tobias Banaschewski
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Square J5, 68159, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Gareth Barker
- Centre for Neuroimaging Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Mark E Bastin
- Brain Research Imaging Centre, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Scottish Imaging Network, A Platform for Scientific Excellence (SINAPSE) Collaboration, Department of Neuroimaging Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Bernhard T Baune
- Discipline of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, 5005, Australia
| | - John Blangero
- Department of Genetics, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
- South Texas Diabetes and Obesity Institute, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley School of Medicine, Brownsville, TX, USA
| | - Arun L W Bokde
- Discipline of Psychiatry, School of Medicine and Trinity College Institute of Neurosciences, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Premika S W Boedhoe
- Department of Psychiatry, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Anatomy & Neurosciences, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU/VUMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Anushree Bose
- Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore, India
| | - Silvia Brem
- University Clinic for and Adolescent Psychiatry UCCAP, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Neuroscience Center Zurich, University of Zurich and ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Henry Brodaty
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing (CHeBA), & Dementia Collaborative Research Centre, School of Psychiatry, UNSW Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Uli Bromberg
- University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, House W34, 3.OG, Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Samantha Brooks
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Christian Büchel
- University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, House W34, 3.OG, Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jan Buitelaar
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Raboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Karakter Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Vince D Calhoun
- Departments of Electrical and Computer Engineering,Neurosciences, Computer Science, and Psychiatry, The University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA
- The Mind Research Network, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Dara M Cannon
- Centre for Neuroimaging, Cognition & Genomics (NICOG), Clinical Neuroimaging Laboratory, NCBES Galway Neuroscience Centre, College of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, H91 TK33, Ireland
| | - Anna Cattrell
- Medical Research Council - Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Yuqi Cheng
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Patricia J Conrod
- Department of Psychiatry, Universite de Montreal, CHU Ste Justine Hospital, Montréal, Canada
- Department of Psychological Medicine and Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Annette Conzelmann
- Department of Psychology (Biological Psychology, Clinical Psychology, and Psychotherapy), University of Würzburg, Germany, Tübingen, Würzburg, Germany
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Aiden Corvin
- Department of Psychiatry, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Benedicto Crespo-Facorro
- Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital Marqués de Valdecilla, School of Medicine, University of Cantabria-IDIVAL, Santander, Spain
- CIBERSAM, Centro Investigación Biomédica en Red Salud Mental, Santander, Spain
| | | | - Udo Dannlowski
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Greig I de Zubicaray
- Faculty of Health and Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane City, Australia
| | - Sonja M C de Zwarte
- Brain Centre Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Ian J Deary
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Sylvane Desrivières
- Medical Research Council - Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Nhat Trung Doan
- NORMENT - KG Jebsen Centre, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- NORMENT - KG Jebsen Centre, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Gary Donohoe
- Cognitive Genetics and Cognitive Therapy Group, Neuroimaging, Cognition & Genomics Centre (NICOG), School of Psychology and Discipline of Biochemistry, National University of Ireland Galway, SW4 794, Galway, Ireland
- Department of Psychiatry & trinity College Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Erlend S Dørum
- NORMENT - KG Jebsen Centre, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Sunnaas Rehabilitation Hospital HT, Nesodden, Norway
- Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Stefan Ehrlich
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine of the TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, USA
- Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, USA
| | - Thomas Espeseth
- NORMENT - KG Jebsen Centre, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- NORMENT - KG Jebsen Centre, Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Guillén Fernández
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Raboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Herta Flor
- Department of Cognitive and Clinical Neuroscience, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Square J5, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Jean-Paul Fouche
- Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Vincent Frouin
- Neurospin, Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique, CEA-Saclay Center, Paris, France
| | - Masaki Fukunaga
- Division of Cerebral Integration, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, Okazaki, Japan
| | - Jürgen Gallinat
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), Martinistrasse 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Hugh Garavan
- Departments of Psychiatry and Psychology, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, 05405, USA
| | - Michael Gill
- Department of Psychiatry, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Trinity College Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Andrea Gonzalez Suarez
- Service of Neurology, University Hospital Marqués de Valdecilla (IDIVAL), University of Cantabria (UC), Santander, Spain
- CIBERNED, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en red Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas, Madrid, Spain
| | - Penny Gowland
- Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, UK
| | - Hans J Grabe
- Department of Psychiatry, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, HELIOS Hospital Stralsund, Stralsund, Germany
| | | | - Oliver Gruber
- Center for Translational Research in Systems Neuroscience and Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center, D-37075, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Saskia Hagenaars
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Ryota Hashimoto
- Molecular Research Center for Children's Mental Development, United Graduate School of Child Development, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
- Department of Psychiatry, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tobias U Hauser
- University Clinic for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry (UCCAP), University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Neuroimaging, University College London, London, UK
- UCL Max Planck Centre for Computational Psychiatry and Ageing, University College London, London, UK
| | - Andreas Heinz
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Campus Charité Mitte, Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, Berlin, Germany
| | - Derrek P Hibar
- Imaging Genetics Center, Institute for Neuroimaging & Informatics, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Marina del Rey, CA, USA
| | - Pieter J Hoekstra
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Martine Hoogman
- Department of Human Genetics, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Fleur M Howells
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Hao Hu
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 600 Wan Ping Nan Road, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | | | - Chaim Huyser
- De Bascule, Academic Center for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- AMC, department of child and adolescent psychiatry, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Bernd Ittermann
- Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB), Braunschweig and Berlin, Germany
| | - Neda Jahanshad
- Imaging Genetics Center, Institute for Neuroimaging & Informatics, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, USA
| | - Erik G Jönsson
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Psychiatry Section, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine. Psychiatry section, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Sarah Jurk
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuroimaging Center, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Rene S Kahn
- Brain Centre Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Sinead Kelly
- Imaging Genetics Center, Institute for Neuroimaging & Informatics, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, 90292, USA
| | - Bernd Kraemer
- Center for Translational Research in Systems Neuroscience and Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center, D-37075, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Harald Kugel
- Department of Clinical Radiology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Jun Soo Kwon
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Science, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Human Behavioral Medicine, SNU-MRC, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Brain & Cognitive Sciences, College of Natural Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Herve Lemaitre
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, INSERM Unit 1000 "Neuroimaging & Psychiatry", University Paris Sud, University Paris Descartes -Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Klaus-Peter Lesch
- Division of Molecular Psychiatry, Center of Mental Health, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience (MHeNS), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Christine Lochner
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Stellenbosch and MRC Unit on Anxiety & Stress Disorders, Tygerberg, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Michelle Luciano
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Andre F Marquand
- Donders Centre for Cognitive Neuroimaging, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Department of Neuroimaging, Centre for Neuroimaging Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London, UK
| | | | - Ignacio Martínez-Zalacaín
- Department of Psychiatry, Bellvitge University Hospital - Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jean-Luc Martinot
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, INSERM Unit 1000 "Neuroimaging & Psychiatry", University Paris Sud, University Paris Descartes - Sorbonne Paris Cité, and Maison de Solenn, Paris, France
- Maison de Solenn, Paris, France
| | - David Mataix-Cols
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience,Centre for Psychiatric Research and Education, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Karen Mather
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales (UNSW), Sydney, Australia
| | - Colm McDonald
- Centre for Neuroimaging, Cognition & Genomics (NICOG), Clinical Neuroimaging Laboratory, NCBES Galway Neuroscience Centre, College of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, H91 TK33, Ireland
| | - Katie L McMahon
- Centre for Advanced Imaging, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Sarah E Medland
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - José M Menchón
- Department of Psychiatry, Bellvitge University Hospital - Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Clinical Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Derek W Morris
- Cognitive Genetics and Cognitive Therapy Group, Neuroimaging, Cognition & Genomics Centre (NICOG), School of Psychology and Discipline of Biochemistry, National University of Ireland Galway, SW4 794, Galway, Ireland
| | - Omar Mothersill
- Department of Psychiatry, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Cognitive Genetics and Cognitive Therapy Group, Neuroimaging, Cognition & Genomics Centre (NICOG), School of Psychology and Discipline of Biochemistry, National University of Ireland Galway, SW4 794, Galway, Ireland
| | - Susana Munoz Maniega
- Brain Research Imaging Centre, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Scottish Imaging Network, A Platform for Scientific Excellence (SINAPSE) Collaboration, Department of Neuroimaging Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Benson Mwangi
- UT Center of Excellence on Mood Disorders, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, UT Houston Medical School, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Takashi Nakamae
- Department of Psychiatry, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
- Department of Neural Computation for Decision-Making, ATR Brain Information Communication Research Laboratory Group, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Nakao
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | | | - Frauke Nees
- Department of Cognitive and Clinical Neuroscience, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Square J5, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Jan E Nordvik
- Sunnaas Rehabilitation Hospital HT, Nesodden, Norway
| | - A Marten H Onnink
- Department of Human Genetics, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Nils Opel
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Roel Ophoff
- Brain Centre Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Center for Neurobehavioral Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, USA
| | - Marie-Laure Paillère Martinot
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, INSERM Unit 1000 "Neuroimaging & Psychiatry", University Paris Sud, University Paris Descartes -Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
- AP-HP, Department of Adolescent Psychopathology and Medicine, Maison de Solenn, Cochin Hospital, Paris, France
| | | | - Paul Pauli
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Tomáš Paus
- Rotman Research Institute, Baycrest and Departments of Psychology and Psychiatry, University of Toronto, M6A 2E1, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Luise Poustka
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Square J5, 68159, Mannheim, Germany
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Janardhan Yc Reddy
- Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore, India
| | | | - Roberto Roiz-Santiáñez
- Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital Marqués de Valdecilla, School of Medicine, University of Cantabria-IDIVAL, Santander, Spain
- CIBERSAM, Centro Investigación Biomédica en Red Salud Mental, Santander, Spain
| | - Annerine Roos
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Stellenbosch and MRC Unit on Anxiety & Stress Disorders, Tygerberg, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Natalie A Royle
- Brain Research Imaging Centre, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Scottish Imaging Network, A Platform for Scientific Excellence (SINAPSE) Collaboration, Department of Neuroimaging Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Perminder Sachdev
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales (UNSW), Sydney, Australia
| | - Pascual Sánchez-Juan
- Service of Neurology, University Hospital Marqués de Valdecilla (IDIVAL), University of Cantabria (UC), Santander, Spain
- CIBERNED, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en red Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas, Madrid, Spain
| | - Lianne Schmaal
- Department of Psychiatry, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Gunter Schumann
- Medical Research Council - Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Elena Shumskaya
- Donders Centre for Cognitive Neuroimaging, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Department of Human Genetics, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Michael N Smolka
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuroimaging Center, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Jair C Soares
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, 77054, USA
| | - Carles Soriano-Mas
- Department of Psychiatry, Bellvitge University Hospital - Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Psychobiology and Methodology of Health Sciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Dan J Stein
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cape Town and MRC Unit on Anxiety & Stress Disorders, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Lachlan T Strike
- Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Roberto Toro
- Laboratory of Human Genetics and Cognitive Functions, Institut Pasteur, 75015, Paris, France
| | - Jessica A Turner
- The Mind Research Network, Albuquerque, NM, USA
- Department of Psychology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | | | - Anne Uhlmann
- Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, University of Cape Town, Observatory, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Maria Valdés Hernández
- Brain Research Imaging Centre, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Scottish Imaging Network, A Platform for Scientific Excellence (SINAPSE) Collaboration, Department of Neuroimaging Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Odile A van den Heuvel
- Department of Anatomy & Neurosciences, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU/VUMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Psychiatry, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Dennis van der Meer
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Neeltje E M van Haren
- Brain Centre Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Dick J Veltman
- Department of Psychiatry, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Nora C Vetter
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuroimaging Center, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Daniella Vuletic
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Susanne Walitza
- University Clinic for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry (UCCAP), University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Neuroscience Center Zurich, University of Zurich and ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Zurich Center for Integrative Human Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Henrik Walter
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Campus Charité Mitte, Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, Berlin, Germany
| | - Esther Walton
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine of the TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- Department of Psychology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Zhen Wang
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 600 Wan Ping Nan Road, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Joanna Wardlaw
- Brain Research Imaging Centre, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Scottish Imaging Network, A Platform for Scientific Excellence (SINAPSE) Collaboration, Department of Neuroimaging Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Wei Wen
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales (UNSW), Sydney, Australia
| | - Lars T Westlye
- NORMENT - KG Jebsen Centre, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Robert Whelan
- Department of Psychology, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Katharina Wittfeld
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Site Rostock, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Thomas Wolfers
- Department of Human Genetics, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Raboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Margaret J Wright
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
- Queensland Brain Institute and Centre for Advanced Imaging, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Jian Xu
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Xiufeng Xu
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Je-Yeon Yun
- Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - JingJing Zhao
- Cognitive Genetics and Therapy Group, School of Psychology & Discipline of Biochemistry, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, SW4 794, Ireland
- School of Psychology, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
| | - Barbara Franke
- Department of Human Genetics, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Department of Psychiatry, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Paul M Thompson
- Imaging Genetics Center, Institute for Neuroimaging & Informatics, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Marina del Rey, CA, USA
| | - David C Glahn
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA
- Olin Neuropsychiatric Research Center, Hartford, CT, 06114, USA
| | - Bernard Mazoyer
- UMR5296 CNRS, CEA and University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Simon E Fisher
- Language & Genetics Department, Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Raboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Clyde Francks
- Language & Genetics Department, Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Raboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
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8
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Klein M, Onnink M, van Donkelaar M, Wolfers T, Harich B, Shi Y, Dammers J, Arias-Vásquez A, Hoogman M, Franke B. Brain imaging genetics in ADHD and beyond - Mapping pathways from gene to disorder at different levels of complexity. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2017; 80:115-155. [PMID: 28159610 PMCID: PMC6947924 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2017.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2016] [Revised: 12/08/2016] [Accepted: 01/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common and often persistent neurodevelopmental disorder. Beyond gene-finding, neurobiological parameters, such as brain structure, connectivity, and function, have been used to link genetic variation to ADHD symptomatology. We performed a systematic review of brain imaging genetics studies involving 62 ADHD candidate genes in childhood and adult ADHD cohorts. Fifty-one eligible research articles described studies of 13 ADHD candidate genes. Almost exclusively, single genetic variants were studied, mostly focussing on dopamine-related genes. While promising results have been reported, imaging genetics studies are thus far hampered by methodological differences in study design and analysis methodology, as well as limited sample sizes. Beyond reviewing imaging genetics studies, we also discuss the need for complementary approaches at multiple levels of biological complexity and emphasize the importance of combining and integrating findings across levels for a better understanding of biological pathways from gene to disease. These may include multi-modal imaging genetics studies, bioinformatic analyses, and functional analyses of cell and animal models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marieke Klein
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud university medical center, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Marten Onnink
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud university medical center, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Marjolein van Donkelaar
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud university medical center, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Thomas Wolfers
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud university medical center, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Benjamin Harich
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud university medical center, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Yan Shi
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud university medical center, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Janneke Dammers
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud university medical center, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Department of Psychiatry, Radboud university medical center, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Alejandro Arias-Vásquez
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud university medical center, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Department of Psychiatry, Radboud university medical center, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Radboud university medical center, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Martine Hoogman
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud university medical center, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Barbara Franke
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud university medical center, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Department of Psychiatry, Radboud university medical center, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
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9
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Zazo Seco C, Serrão de Castro L, van Nierop J, Morín M, Jhangiani S, Verver E, Schraders M, Maiwald N, Wesdorp M, Venselaar H, Spruijt L, Oostrik J, Schoots J, van Reeuwijk J, Lelieveld S, Huygen P, Insenser M, Admiraal R, Pennings R, Hoefsloot L, Arias-Vásquez A, de Ligt J, Yntema H, Jansen J, Muzny D, Huls G, van Rossum M, Lupski J, Moreno-Pelayo M, Kunst H, Kremer H, Kremer H. Allelic Mutations of KITLG, Encoding KIT Ligand, Cause Asymmetric and Unilateral Hearing Loss and Waardenburg Syndrome Type 2. Am J Hum Genet 2015; 97:647-60. [PMID: 26522471 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2015.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2015] [Accepted: 09/24/2015] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Linkage analysis combined with whole-exome sequencing in a large family with congenital and stable non-syndromic unilateral and asymmetric hearing loss (NS-UHL/AHL) revealed a heterozygous truncating mutation, c.286_303delinsT (p.Ser96Ter), in KITLG. This mutation co-segregated with NS-UHL/AHL as a dominant trait with reduced penetrance. By screening a panel of probands with NS-UHL/AHL, we found an additional mutation, c.200_202del (p.His67_Cys68delinsArg). In vitro studies revealed that the p.His67_Cys68delinsArg transmembrane isoform of KITLG is not detectable at the cell membrane, supporting pathogenicity. KITLG encodes a ligand for the KIT receptor. Also, KITLG-KIT signaling and MITF are suggested to mutually interact in melanocyte development. Because mutations in MITF are causative of Waardenburg syndrome type 2 (WS2), we screened KITLG in suspected WS2-affected probands. A heterozygous missense mutation, c.310C>G (p.Leu104Val), that segregated with WS2 was identified in a small family. In vitro studies revealed that the p.Leu104Val transmembrane isoform of KITLG is located at the cell membrane, as is wild-type KITLG. However, in culture media of transfected cells, the p.Leu104Val soluble isoform of KITLG was reduced, and no soluble p.His67_Cys68delinsArg and p.Ser96Ter KITLG could be detected. These data suggest that mutations in KITLG associated with NS-UHL/AHL have a loss-of-function effect. We speculate that the mechanism of the mutation underlying WS2 and leading to membrane incorporation and reduced secretion of KITLG occurs via a dominant-negative or gain-of-function effect. Our study unveils different phenotypes associated with KITLG, previously associated with pigmentation abnormalities, and will thereby improve the genetic counseling given to individuals with KITLG variants.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Hannie Kremer
- Hearing & Genes Division, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen 6525GA, the Netherlands; The Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen 6525GA, the Netherlands; Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen 6525GA, the Netherlands.
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10
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Vrijsen JN, Tendolkar I, Arias-Vásquez A, Franke B, Schene AH, Fernández G, van Oostrom I. Interaction of the 5-HTTLPR and childhood trauma influences memory bias in healthy individuals. J Affect Disord 2015; 186:83-9. [PMID: 26232751 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2015.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2015] [Revised: 06/09/2015] [Accepted: 06/09/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The tendency to recall more negative and less positive information has been frequently related to the genetic susceptibility to depression. This memory bias may be associated with depression candidate genes especially in individuals who experienced stressful childhood events. The serotonin transporter gene, SLC6A4/5-HTT, regulates the reuptake of serotonin. The 5-HTTLPR polymorphism in the gene's promoter region has a short (S) and a long (L) allele, of which L contains a further SNP (rs25531), resulting in a triallelic polymorphism: La, Lg, and S. Both S and Lg result in increased serotonin signaling (to simplify, we refer to both alleles as 'S'), which in turn appears associated with depression vulnerability, specifically in individuals with stressful events. In non-depressed individuals (N=1083), we examined the interaction between the 5-HTTLPR genotype (LaLa, SLa, and SS) and stressful childhood events in association with explicit verbal memory bias (positive, negative). Two types of stressful childhood events were studied, namely childhood adverse events (e.g. parental loss) and interpersonal traumatic childhood events (e.g. abuse). Less positive memory bias was found for individuals with the SS genotype who had experienced interpersonal childhood traumatic events. No general association of genotype with memory bias was found, nor was there a significant interaction between genotype and childhood adverse events. Our results suggest that the depression-susceptibility genotype of the 5-HTTLPR is associated with depressive information processing styles when occurring in combination with traumatic childhood events. Tailoring treatment to specific risk profiles based on genetic susceptibility and childhood stress could be promising.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janna N Vrijsen
- Radboud University Medical Center, Department of Psychiatry, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Radboud University, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
| | - Indira Tendolkar
- Radboud University Medical Center, Department of Psychiatry, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Radboud University, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Alejandro Arias-Vásquez
- Radboud University Medical Center, Department of Psychiatry, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Radboud University, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Radboud University Medical Center, Department of Human Genetics, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Radboud University Medical Center, Department of Cognitive Neurosciences, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Barbara Franke
- Radboud University Medical Center, Department of Psychiatry, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Radboud University, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Radboud University Medical Center, Department of Human Genetics, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Aart H Schene
- Radboud University Medical Center, Department of Psychiatry, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Radboud University, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Guillén Fernández
- Radboud University, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Radboud University Medical Center, Department of Cognitive Neurosciences, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Iris van Oostrom
- Radboud University Medical Center, Department of Psychiatry, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Radboud University, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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11
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Vrijsen JN, Speckens A, Arias-Vásquez A, Franke B, Becker ES, van Oostrom I. No evidence for the association between a polymorphism in the PCLO depression candidate gene with memory bias in remitted depressed patients and healthy individuals. PLoS One 2014; 9:e112153. [PMID: 25379724 PMCID: PMC4224395 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0112153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2014] [Accepted: 10/13/2014] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The PCLO rs2522833 candidate polymorphism for depression has been associated to monoaminergic neurotransmission. In healthy and currently depressed individuals, the polymorphism has been found to affect activation of brain areas during memory processing, but no direct association of PCLO with memory bias was found. We hypothesized that the absence of this association might have been obscured by current depressive symptoms or genetically driven individual differences in reactivity to stressful events. Experiencing stressful childhood events fosters dysfunctional assumptions that are related to cognitive biases, and may modulate the predisposition for depression via epigenetic effects. The association between PCLO and memory bias, as well as interaction between PCLO and childhood events was studied in patients remitted from depression (N = 299), as well as a sample of healthy individuals (N = 157). The participants performed an emotional verbal memory task after a sad mood induction. Childhood trauma and adversity were measured with a questionnaire. The Genotype main effect, and Genotype by Childhood Events interaction were analyzed for memory bias in both samples. PCLO risk allele carrying remitted depressed patients did not show more negatively biased memory than non-risk allele carriers, not even patients with stressful childhood events. A similar pattern of results was found in healthy individuals. Memory bias may not be strongly associated with the PCLO rs2522833 polymorphism. We did not find any support for the PCLO-childhood events interaction, but the power of our study was insufficient to exclude this possibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janna N. Vrijsen
- Department of Psychiatry, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
- * E-mail:
| | - Anne Speckens
- Department of Psychiatry, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Alejandro Arias-Vásquez
- Department of Psychiatry, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Barbara Franke
- Department of Psychiatry, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Eni S. Becker
- Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University Nijmegen, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Iris van Oostrom
- Department of Psychiatry, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
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12
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Cousijn H, Eissing M, Fernández G, Fisher SE, Franke B, Zwiers M, Harrison PJ, Arias-Vásquez A. No effect of schizophrenia risk genes MIR137, TCF4, and ZNF804A on macroscopic brain structure. Schizophr Res 2014; 159:329-32. [PMID: 25217366 PMCID: PMC4245712 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2014.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2014] [Revised: 07/28/2014] [Accepted: 08/06/2014] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within the MIR137, TCF4, and ZNF804A genes show genome-wide association to schizophrenia. However, the biological basis for the associations is unknown. Here, we tested the effects of these genes on brain structure in 1300 healthy adults. Using volumetry and voxel-based morphometry, neither gene-wide effects--including the combined effect of the genes--nor single SNP effects--including specific psychosis risk SNPs--were found on total brain volume, grey matter, white matter, or hippocampal volume. These results suggest that the associations between these risk genes and schizophrenia are unlikely to be mediated via effects on macroscopic brain structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helena Cousijn
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Marc Eissing
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Departments of Psychiatry, Human Genetics & Cognitive Neuroscience, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Guillén Fernández
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Departments of Psychiatry, Human Genetics & Cognitive Neuroscience, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Nijmegen, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Simon E Fisher
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Nijmegen, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Language and Genetics Department, Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Barbara Franke
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Departments of Psychiatry, Human Genetics & Cognitive Neuroscience, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Marcel Zwiers
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Nijmegen, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Alejandro Arias-Vásquez
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Departments of Psychiatry, Human Genetics & Cognitive Neuroscience, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
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13
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Cai DC, Fonteijn H, Guadalupe T, Zwiers M, Wittfeld K, Teumer A, Hoogman M, Arias-Vásquez A, Yang Y, Buitelaar J, Fernández G, Brunner HG, van Bokhoven H, Franke B, Hegenscheid K, Homuth G, Fisher SE, Grabe HJ, Francks C, Hagoort P. A genome-wide search for quantitative trait loci affecting the cortical surface area and thickness of Heschl's gyrus. Genes, Brain and Behavior 2014; 13:675-85. [DOI: 10.1111/gbb.12157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2014] [Revised: 07/10/2014] [Accepted: 07/24/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- D.-C. Cai
- Institute of Psychology; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing China
- Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour; Radboud University Nijmegen; Nijmegen The Netherlands
- Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing China
| | - H. Fonteijn
- Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour; Radboud University Nijmegen; Nijmegen The Netherlands
| | | | - M. Zwiers
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour; Radboud University Nijmegen; Nijmegen The Netherlands
- Departments of Human Genetics, Psychiatry and Cognitive Neuroscience; Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre; Nijmegen The Netherlands
| | - K. Wittfeld
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Rostock/Greifswald; Greifswald Germany
| | | | - M. Hoogman
- Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour; Radboud University Nijmegen; Nijmegen The Netherlands
- Departments of Human Genetics, Psychiatry and Cognitive Neuroscience; Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre; Nijmegen The Netherlands
| | - A. Arias-Vásquez
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour; Radboud University Nijmegen; Nijmegen The Netherlands
- Departments of Human Genetics, Psychiatry and Cognitive Neuroscience; Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre; Nijmegen The Netherlands
| | - Y. Yang
- Institute of Psychology; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing China
| | - J. Buitelaar
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour; Radboud University Nijmegen; Nijmegen The Netherlands
- Departments of Human Genetics, Psychiatry and Cognitive Neuroscience; Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre; Nijmegen The Netherlands
| | - G. Fernández
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour; Radboud University Nijmegen; Nijmegen The Netherlands
- Departments of Human Genetics, Psychiatry and Cognitive Neuroscience; Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre; Nijmegen The Netherlands
| | - H. G. Brunner
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour; Radboud University Nijmegen; Nijmegen The Netherlands
- Departments of Human Genetics, Psychiatry and Cognitive Neuroscience; Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre; Nijmegen The Netherlands
| | - H. van Bokhoven
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour; Radboud University Nijmegen; Nijmegen The Netherlands
- Departments of Human Genetics, Psychiatry and Cognitive Neuroscience; Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre; Nijmegen The Netherlands
| | - B. Franke
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour; Radboud University Nijmegen; Nijmegen The Netherlands
- Departments of Human Genetics, Psychiatry and Cognitive Neuroscience; Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre; Nijmegen The Netherlands
| | | | - G. Homuth
- Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics; University Medicine Greifswald; Greifswald
| | - S. E. Fisher
- Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour; Radboud University Nijmegen; Nijmegen The Netherlands
| | - H. J. Grabe
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Rostock/Greifswald; Greifswald Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy; University Medicine Greifswald, HELIOS Hospital Stralsund; Stralsund Germany
| | - C. Francks
- Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour; Radboud University Nijmegen; Nijmegen The Netherlands
| | - P. Hagoort
- Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour; Radboud University Nijmegen; Nijmegen The Netherlands
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14
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Vrijsen JN, Becker ES, Arias-Vásquez A, van Dijk MK, Speckens A, Oostrom IV. What is the contribution of different cognitive biases and stressful childhood events to the presence and number of previous depressive episodes? Psychiatry Res 2014; 217:134-42. [PMID: 24726815 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2014.02.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2013] [Revised: 02/20/2014] [Accepted: 02/24/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Negative cognitive biases as well as stressful childhood events are well-known risk factors for depression. Few studies have compared the association of different types of biases and events with depression. The current study examined whether different cognitive biases and stressful childhood events variables were associated with depression and recurrence. Three types of childhood events were assessed in 83 never-depressed and 337 formerly depressed individuals: trauma within the family, trauma outside the family, and adverse events. Furthermore, after a sad mood induction procedure, participants executed a Dot Probe task (selective attentional bias), an Emotional Stroop task (attentional interference bias) and an incidental learning task (memory bias). The association of these measures with case status and recurrence status (one or multiple past episodes) was examined. Negative memory bias and traumatic childhood events within the family were associated with case status, whereas none of the bias measures or childhood events variables were associated with recurrence status. The results indicate that memory bias as well as the experience of aggression and/or abuse within the family during childhood are independently associated with depression. Biases and stressful childhood events did not offer differentiation between individuals with one or multiple past episodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janna N Vrijsen
- Department of Psychiatry, Radboud University Medical Centre, PO Box 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
| | - Eni S Becker
- Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Alejandro Arias-Vásquez
- Department of Psychiatry, Radboud University Medical Centre, PO Box 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University, Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Anne Speckens
- Department of Psychiatry, Radboud University Medical Centre, PO Box 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Iris van Oostrom
- Department of Psychiatry, Radboud University Medical Centre, PO Box 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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15
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Vrijsen JN, van Oostrom I, Arias-Vásquez A, Franke B, Becker ES, Speckens A. Association between genes, stressful childhood events and processing bias in depression vulnerable individuals. Genes, Brain and Behavior 2014; 13:508-16. [DOI: 10.1111/gbb.12129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2013] [Revised: 10/24/2013] [Accepted: 02/27/2014] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- J. N. Vrijsen
- Department of Psychiatry; Radboud University Medical Centre; Nijmegen The Netherlands
| | - I. van Oostrom
- Department of Psychiatry; Radboud University Medical Centre; Nijmegen The Netherlands
| | - A. Arias-Vásquez
- Department of Psychiatry; Radboud University Medical Centre; Nijmegen The Netherlands
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour; Radboud University Medical Centre; Nijmegen The Netherlands
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience; Radboud University Medical Centre; Nijmegen The Netherlands
- Department of Human Genetics; Radboud University Medical Centre; Nijmegen The Netherlands
| | - B. Franke
- Department of Psychiatry; Radboud University Medical Centre; Nijmegen The Netherlands
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour; Radboud University Medical Centre; Nijmegen The Netherlands
- Department of Human Genetics; Radboud University Medical Centre; Nijmegen The Netherlands
| | - E. S. Becker
- Behavioural Science Institute; Radboud University Nijmegen; Nijmegen The Netherlands
| | - A. Speckens
- Department of Psychiatry; Radboud University Medical Centre; Nijmegen The Netherlands
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16
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Nijmeijer JS, Arias-Vásquez A, Rommelse NNJ, Altink ME, Buschgens CJM, Fliers EA, Franke B, Minderaa RB, Sergeant JA, Buitelaar JK, Hoekstra PJ, Hartman CA. Quantitative Linkage for Autism Spectrum Disorders Symptoms in Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: Significant Locus on Chromosome 7q11. J Autism Dev Disord 2014; 44:1671-80. [DOI: 10.1007/s10803-014-2039-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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17
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Vogel S, Gerritsen L, van Oostrom I, Arias-Vásquez A, Rijpkema M, Joëls M, Franke B, Tendolkar I, Fernández G. Linking genetic variants of the mineralocorticoid receptor and negative memory bias: interaction with prior life adversity. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2014; 40:181-90. [PMID: 24485490 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2013.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2013] [Revised: 11/06/2013] [Accepted: 11/13/2013] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Substantial research has been conducted investigating the association between life adversity and genetic vulnerability for depression, but clear mechanistic links are rarely identified and investigation often focused on single genetic variants. Complex phenotypes like depression, however, are likely determined by multiple variants in interaction with environmental factors. As variations in the mineralocorticoid receptor gene (NR3C2) have been related to a higher risk for depression, we investigated whether NR3C2 variance is related to negative memory bias, an established endophenotype for depression, in healthy participants. Furthermore, we explored the influence of life adversity on this association. We used a set-based analysis to simultaneously test all measured variation in NR3C2 for an association with negative memory bias in 483 participants and an interaction with life adversity. To further specify this interaction, we split the sample into low and high live adversity groups and repeated the analyses in both groups separately. NR3C2 variance was associated with negative memory bias, especially in the high life adversity group. Additionally, we identified a functional polymorphism (rs5534) related to negative memory bias and demonstrating a gene×life adversity interaction. Variations in NR3C2 are associated with negative memory bias and this relationship appears to be influenced by life adversity. As negative memory bias is implicated in the susceptibility to depression, our findings provide mechanistic support for the notion that variations in NR3C2 - which could compromise the proper function of this receptor - are a risk factor for the development of mood disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanne Vogel
- Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
| | - Lotte Gerritsen
- Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Karolinska Institute, Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Solna, Sweden
| | - Iris van Oostrom
- Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Department of Psychiatry, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Alejandro Arias-Vásquez
- Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Department of Psychiatry, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Department of Human Genetics, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Mark Rijpkema
- Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Marian Joëls
- University Medical Centre Utrecht, Rudolf Magnus Institute of Neuroscience, The Netherlands
| | - Barbara Franke
- Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Department of Psychiatry, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Department of Human Genetics, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Indira Tendolkar
- Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Department of Psychiatry, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; University of Duisburg-Essen, LVR Clinics of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Essen, Germany
| | - Guillén Fernández
- Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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18
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Bralten J, Franke B, Waldman I, Rommelse N, Hartman C, Asherson P, Banaschewski T, Ebstein RP, Gill M, Miranda A, Oades RD, Roeyers H, Rothenberger A, Sergeant JA, Oosterlaan J, Sonuga-Barke E, Steinhausen HC, Faraone SV, Buitelaar JK, Arias-Vásquez A. Candidate genetic pathways for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) show association to hyperactive/impulsive symptoms in children with ADHD. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2013; 52:1204-1212.e1. [PMID: 24157394 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaac.2013.08.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2013] [Revised: 07/05/2013] [Accepted: 08/29/2013] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Because multiple genes with small effect sizes are assumed to play a role in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) etiology, considering multiple variants within the same analysis likely increases the total explained phenotypic variance, thereby boosting the power of genetic studies. This study investigated whether pathway-based analysis could bring scientists closer to unraveling the biology of ADHD. METHOD The pathway was described as a predefined gene selection based on a well-established database or literature data. Common genetic variants in pathways involved in dopamine/norepinephrine and serotonin neurotransmission and genes involved in neuritic outgrowth were investigated in cases from the International Multicentre ADHD Genetics (IMAGE) study. Multivariable analysis was performed to combine the effects of single genetic variants within the pathway genes. Phenotypes were DSM-IV symptom counts for inattention and hyperactivity/impulsivity (n = 871) and symptom severity measured with the Conners Parent (n = 930) and Teacher (n = 916) Rating Scales. RESULTS Summing genetic effects of common genetic variants within the pathways showed a significant association with hyperactive/impulsive symptoms ((p)empirical = .007) but not with inattentive symptoms ((p)empirical = .73). Analysis of parent-rated Conners hyperactive/impulsive symptom scores validated this result ((p)empirical = .0018). Teacher-rated Conners scores were not associated. Post hoc analyses showed a significant contribution of all pathways to the hyperactive/impulsive symptom domain (dopamine/norepinephrine, (p)empirical = .0004; serotonin, (p)empirical = .0149; neuritic outgrowth, (p)empirical = .0452). CONCLUSION The present analysis shows an association between common variants in 3 genetic pathways and the hyperactive/impulsive component of ADHD. This study demonstrates that pathway-based association analyses, using quantitative measurements of ADHD symptom domains, can increase the power of genetic analyses to identify biological risk factors involved in this disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janita Bralten
- Radboud University Medical Centre, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
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19
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Cousijn H, Rijpkema M, Harteveld A, Harrison PJ, Fernández G, Franke B, Arias-Vásquez A. Schizophrenia risk gene ZNF804A does not influence macroscopic brain structure: an MRI study in 892 volunteers. Mol Psychiatry 2012; 17:1155-7. [PMID: 22270476 PMCID: PMC3504377 DOI: 10.1038/mp.2011.181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- H Cousijn
- Radboud University Nijmegen, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Nijmegen, The Netherlands,Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Warneford Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | - M Rijpkema
- Radboud University Nijmegen, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - A Harteveld
- Radboud University Nijmegen, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - P J Harrison
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Warneford Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | - G Fernández
- Radboud University Nijmegen, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Nijmegen, The Netherlands,Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - B Franke
- Radboud University Nijmegen, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Nijmegen, The Netherlands,Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Department of Human Genetics, Nijmegen, The Netherlands,Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Department of Psychiatry, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - A Arias-Vásquez
- Radboud University Nijmegen, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Nijmegen, The Netherlands,Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Department of Human Genetics, Nijmegen, The Netherlands,Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Department of Psychiatry, Nijmegen, The Netherlands,E-mail:
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20
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Luciano M, Huffman JE, Arias-Vásquez A, Vinkhuyzen AAE, Middeldorp CM, Giegling I, Payton A, Davies G, Zgaga L, Janzing J, Ke X, Galesloot T, Hartmann AM, Ollier W, Tenesa A, Hayward C, Verhagen M, Montgomery GW, Hottenga JJ, Konte B, Starr JM, Vitart V, Vos PE, Madden PAF, Willemsen G, Konnerth H, Horan MA, Porteous DJ, Campbell H, Vermeulen SH, Heath AC, Wright A, Polasek O, Kovacevic SB, Hastie ND, Franke B, Boomsma DI, Martin NG, Rujescu D, Wilson JF, Buitelaar J, Pendleton N, Rudan I, Deary IJ. Genome-wide association uncovers shared genetic effects among personality traits and mood states. Am J Med Genet B Neuropsychiatr Genet 2012; 159B:684-95. [PMID: 22628180 PMCID: PMC3795298 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.b.32072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2012] [Accepted: 05/03/2012] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Measures of personality and psychological distress are correlated and exhibit genetic covariance. We conducted univariate genome-wide SNP (~2.5 million) and gene-based association analyses of these traits and examined the overlap in results across traits, including a prediction analysis of mood states using genetic polygenic scores for personality. Measures of neuroticism, extraversion, and symptoms of anxiety, depression, and general psychological distress were collected in eight European cohorts (n ranged 546-1,338; maximum total n = 6,268) whose mean age ranged from 55 to 79 years. Meta-analysis of the cohort results was performed, with follow-up associations of the top SNPs and genes investigated in independent cohorts (n = 527-6,032). Suggestive association (P = 8 × 10(-8)) of rs1079196 in the FHIT gene was observed with symptoms of anxiety. Other notable associations (P < 6.09 × 10(-6)) included SNPs in five genes for neuroticism (LCE3C, POLR3A, LMAN1L, ULK3, SCAMP2), KIAA0802 for extraversion, and NOS1 for general psychological distress. An association between symptoms of depression and rs7582472 (near to MGAT5 and NCKAP5) was replicated in two independent samples, but other replication findings were less consistent. Gene-based tests identified a significant locus on chromosome 15 (spanning five genes) associated with neuroticism which replicated (P < 0.05) in an independent cohort. Support for common genetic effects among personality and mood (particularly neuroticism and depressive symptoms) was found in terms of SNP association overlap and polygenic score prediction. The variance explained by individual SNPs was very small (up to 1%) confirming that there are no moderate/large effects of common SNPs on personality and related traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle Luciano
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
| | - Jennifer E Huffman
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Alejandro Arias-Vásquez
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Departments of Psychiatry and Human Genetics, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Christel M Middeldorp
- Department of Biological Psychology, VU University Amsterdam, The Netherlands,Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Amsterdam Medical Center and Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, GGZ inGeest/VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ina Giegling
- Dept. of Psychiatry, University of Munich (LMU), Munich, Germany
| | - Antony Payton
- CIGMR, School of Cancer and Enabling Sciences, University of Manchester, UK
| | - Gail Davies
- Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Lina Zgaga
- Department of Medical statistics, Epidemiology and Medical Informatics, Andrija Štampar School of Public Health, Zagreb University School of Medicine, Croatia,Centre for Population Health Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Teviot Place, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Joost Janzing
- Department of Psychiatry, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Xiayi Ke
- Paediatric Epidemiology Unit, Institute for Child Health, School of Life and Medical Sciences, UCL, London, UK
| | - Tessel Galesloot
- Departments of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and HTA & Human Genetics, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | | | - William Ollier
- CIGMR, School of Cancer and Enabling Sciences, University of Manchester, UK
| | - Albert Tenesa
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK,The Roslin Institute and Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, UK
| | - Caroline Hayward
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Maaike Verhagen
- Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Jouke-Jan Hottenga
- Department of Biological Psychology, VU University Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Bettina Konte
- Dept. of Psychiatry, University of Munich (LMU), Munich, Germany
| | - John M Starr
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK,Geriatric Medicine Unit, University of Edinburgh, Royal Victoria Hospital, UK
| | - Veronique Vitart
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Pieter E Vos
- Department of Neurology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Pamela AF Madden
- Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Gonneke Willemsen
- Department of Biological Psychology, VU University Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Heike Konnerth
- Dept. of Psychiatry, University of Munich (LMU), Munich, Germany
| | - Michael A Horan
- Clinical Neurosciences, School of Translational Medicine, The University of Manchester, Hope Hospital, Salford, Greater Manchester, UK
| | - David J Porteous
- University of Edinburgh Molecular Medicine Centre, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Harry Campbell
- Centre for Population Health Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Teviot Place, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Sita H Vermeulen
- Departments of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and HTA & Human Genetics, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Andrew C Heath
- Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Alan Wright
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Ozren Polasek
- Department of Public Health, Medical School, University of Split, Croatia
| | | | - Nicholas D Hastie
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Barbara Franke
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Departments of Psychiatry and Human Genetics, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Dorret I Boomsma
- Department of Biological Psychology, VU University Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Dan Rujescu
- Dept. of Psychiatry, University of Munich (LMU), Munich, Germany
| | - James F Wilson
- Centre for Population Health Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Teviot Place, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Jan Buitelaar
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Neil Pendleton
- Mental Health and Neurodegeneration research group, School of Community Based Medicine, The University of Manchester, Hope Hospital, Salford, Greater Manchester, UK
| | - Igor Rudan
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, UK,Department of Public Health, Medical School, University of Split, Croatia,Sisters of Mercy University Hospital, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ian J Deary
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK,Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
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21
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Hoogman M, Rijpkema M, Janss L, Brunner H, Fernandez G, Buitelaar J, Franke B, Arias-Vásquez A. Current self-reported symptoms of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder are associated with total brain volume in healthy adults. PLoS One 2012; 7:e31273. [PMID: 22348063 PMCID: PMC3277496 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0031273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2011] [Accepted: 01/05/2012] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Reduced total brain volume is a consistent finding in children with Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). In order to get a better understanding of the neurobiology of ADHD, we take the first step in studying the dimensionality of current self-reported adult ADHD symptoms, by looking at its relation with total brain volume. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS In a sample of 652 highly educated adults, the association between total brain volume, assessed with magnetic resonance imaging, and current number of self-reported ADHD symptoms was studied. The results showed an association between these self-reported ADHD symptoms and total brain volume. Post-hoc analysis revealed that the symptom domain of inattention had the strongest association with total brain volume. In addition, the threshold for impairment coincides with the threshold for brain volume reduction. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE This finding improves our understanding of the biological substrates of self-reported ADHD symptoms, and suggests total brain volume as a target intermediate phenotype for future gene-finding in ADHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martine Hoogman
- Department of Psychiatry, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
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22
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van Oostrom I, Franke B, Rijpkema M, Gerritsen L, Arias-Vásquez A, Fernández G, Tendolkar I. Interaction between BDNF Val66Met and childhood stressful life events is associated to affective memory bias in men but not women. Biol Psychol 2011; 89:214-9. [PMID: 22033217 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2011.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2011] [Revised: 10/13/2011] [Accepted: 10/14/2011] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Recent meta-analyses point towards a pathogenic role of the Val66Met variant of the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in major depressive disorder, specifically in males. We investigated whether BDNF Val66Met shows a male-specific interaction with childhood stressful life events on affective memory bias, a cognitive susceptibility factor for depression. Healthy volunteers (n=430; 272 females and 158 males) were genotyped for BDNF Val66Met (rs6265) and completed the self-referent encoding task and a childhood stressful life events scale. BDNF Met carriers reporting childhood events tended to recall a lower proportion of positive words compared to Val/Val homozygotes reporting childhood events. Sex-specific analyses revealed that the BDNF genotype×childhood events interaction was significant in male participants and not in female participants. The results suggest that in males, BDNF Val66Met interacts with childhood life events, increasing the cognitive susceptibility markers of depression. In females, this effect may be independent of BDNF Val66Met.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iris van Oostrom
- Department of Psychiatry, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, PO Box 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
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23
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Bralten J, Arias-Vásquez A, Makkinje R, Veltman JA, Brunner HG, Fernández G, Rijpkema M, Franke B. Association of the Alzheimer's gene SORL1 with hippocampal volume in young, healthy adults. Am J Psychiatry 2011; 168:1083-9. [PMID: 21730226 DOI: 10.1176/appi.ajp.2011.10101509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Alzheimer's disease is among the most common neurodegenerative disorders. The SORL1 (sortilin receptor 1) gene is associated with the disease, but different variants seem to contribute. The authors used a gene-wide approach to test whether SORL1 is associated with volume of the hippocampus, one of the first structures to be affected by Alzheimer's disease in young, healthy individuals, in an attempt to map potential pathways from gene to disease. METHOD Individuals were genotyped using an array-based method, and a total of 117 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in and surrounding SORL1 were included in the analysis. Through the use of a brain segmentation protocol, SNP-by-SNP and gene-wide associations with bilateral hippocampal volume were assessed in two large, independent samples consisting of 446 (discovery cohort) and 490 (replication cohort) healthy young individuals. RESULTS Significant association of the SORL1 gene with hippocampal volume was observed in both the discovery and replication samples as well as in the combined sample. The gene-wide association was independent of the apolipoprotein E genotype and resistant to removal of four significantly associated single SNPs. CONCLUSIONS This study provides the first evidence that the SORL1 gene is associated with differences in hippocampal volume in young, healthy adults. It is demonstrated that gene-wide analysis techniques may overcome power problems caused by allelic heterogeneity in association studies. The results support the hypothesis that the SORL1 gene contributes to an increased risk for Alzheimer's disease through effects on hippocampal volume.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janita Bralten
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, the Netherlands
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Arias-Vásquez A, Altink ME, Rommelse NNJ, Slaats-Willemse DIE, Buschgens CJM, Fliers EA, Faraone SV, Sergeant JA, Oosterlaan J, Franke B, Buitelaar JK. CDH13 is associated with working memory performance in attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Genes Brain Behav 2011; 10:844-51. [PMID: 21815997 DOI: 10.1111/j.1601-183x.2011.00724.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Different analytic strategies, including linkage, association and meta-analysis support a role of CDH13 in the susceptibility to attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). CDH13 codes for cadherin 13 (or H-cadherin), which is a member of a family of calcium-dependent cell-cell adhesion proteins and a regulator of neural cell growth. We tested the association between CDH13 on three executive functioning tasks that are promising endophenotypes of ADHD. An adjusted linear regression analysis was performed in 190 ADHD-affected Dutch probands of the IMAGE project. Three executive functions were examined: inhibition, verbal and visuo-spatial working memory (WM). We tested 2632 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within CDH13 and 20 kb up- and downstream of the gene (capturing regulatory sequences). To adjust for multiple testing within the gene, we applied stringent permutation steps. Intronic SNP rs11150556 is associated with performance on the Verbal WM task. No other SNP showed gene-wide significance with any of the analyzed traits, but a 72-kb SNP block located 446 kb upstream of SNP rs111500556 showed suggestive evidence for association (P-value range 1.20E-03 to 1.73E-04) with performance in the same Verbal WM task. This study is the first to examine CDH13 and neurocognitive functioning. The mechanisms underlying the associations between CDH13 and the clinical phenotype of ADHD and verbal WM are still unknown. As such, our study may be viewed as exploratory, with the results presented providing interesting hypotheses for further testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Arias-Vásquez
- Department of Psychiatry (966), Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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Bralten J, Franke B, Arias-Vásquez A, Heister A, Brunner HG, Fernández G, Rijpkema M. CR1 genotype is associated with entorhinal cortex volume in young healthy adults. Neurobiol Aging 2011; 32:2106.e7-11. [PMID: 21726919 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2011.05.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2010] [Revised: 04/14/2011] [Accepted: 05/25/2011] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Gene-brain structure associations of 3 recently discovered risk genes for Alzheimer's disease, CLU (rs11136000C>T), CR1 (rs6656401G>A), and PICALM (rs3851179G>A), were investigated in 2 independent cohorts of young healthy adults (n = 430 and n = 492, respectively). We assessed structural differences in 2 core structures of Alzheimer pathology, entorhinal cortex and hippocampus, by voxel-based morphometry using high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data. For CLU and PICALM no significant genotype-related differences in local gray matter volume were found. CR1 risk allele (A) carriers showed smaller local gray matter volume in the entorhinal cortex, as confirmed in both cohorts. This association, apparent in young healthy adults, might mediate susceptibility for Alzheimer's disease later in life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janita Bralten
- Radboud University Nijmegen, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Centre for Cognitive Neuroimaging, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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van der Zanden LFM, van Rooij IALM, Feitz WFJ, Knight J, Donders ART, Renkema KY, Bongers EMHF, Vermeulen SHHM, Kiemeney LALM, Veltman JA, Arias-Vásquez A, Zhang X, Markljung E, Qiao L, Baskin LS, Nordenskjöld A, Roeleveld N, Franke B, Knoers NVAM. Common variants in DGKK are strongly associated with risk of hypospadias. Nat Genet 2010; 43:48-50. [DOI: 10.1038/ng.721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2010] [Accepted: 11/02/2010] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Lehmann DJ, Schuur M, Warden DR, Hammond N, Belbin O, Kölsch H, Lehmann MG, Wilcock GK, Brown K, Kehoe PG, Morris CM, Barker R, Coto E, Alvarez V, Deloukas P, Mateo I, Gwilliam R, Combarros O, Arias-Vásquez A, Aulchenko YS, Ikram MA, Breteler MM, van Duijn CM, Oulhaj A, Heun R, Cortina-Borja M, Morgan K, Robson K, Smith AD. Transferrin and HFE genes interact in Alzheimer's disease risk: the Epistasis Project. Neurobiol Aging 2010; 33:202.e1-13. [PMID: 20817350 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2010.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2010] [Revised: 07/09/2010] [Accepted: 07/19/2010] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Iron overload may contribute to the risk of Alzheimer's disease (AD). In the Epistasis Project, with 1757 cases of AD and 6295 controls, we studied 4 variants in 2 genes of iron metabolism: hemochromatosis (HFE) C282Y and H63D, and transferrin (TF) C2 and -2G/A. We replicated the reported interaction between HFE 282Y and TF C2 in the risk of AD: synergy factor, 1.75 (95% confidence interval, 1.1-2.8, p = 0.02) in Northern Europeans. The synergy factor was 3.1 (1.4-6.9; 0.007) in subjects with the APOEε4 allele. We found another interaction, between HFE 63HH and TF -2AA, markedly modified by age. Both interactions were found mainly or only in Northern Europeans. The interaction between HFE 282Y and TF C2 has now been replicated twice, in altogether 2313 cases of AD and 7065 controls, and has also been associated with increased iron load. We therefore suggest that iron overload may be a causative factor in the development of AD. Treatment for iron overload might thus be protective in some cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donald J Lehmann
- Oxford Project to Investigate Memory and Ageing, University Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, Oxford, UK.
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Nijmeijer JS, Arias-Vásquez A, Rommelse NN, Altink ME, Anney RJ, Asherson P, Banaschewski T, Buschgens CJ, Fliers EA, Gill M, Minderaa RB, Poustka L, Sergeant JA, Buitelaar JK, Franke B, Ebstein RP, Miranda A, Mulas F, Oades RD, Roeyers H, Rothenberger A, Sonuga-Barke EJ, Steinhausen HC, Faraone SV, Hartman CA, Hoekstra PJ. Identifying loci for the overlap between attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and autism spectrum disorder using a genome-wide QTL linkage approach. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2010; 49:675-85. [PMID: 20610137 PMCID: PMC2929476 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaac.2010.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2009] [Revised: 03/05/2010] [Accepted: 03/25/2010] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The genetic basis for autism spectrum disorder (ASD) symptoms in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) was addressed using a genome-wide linkage approach. METHOD Participants of the International Multi-Center ADHD Genetics study comprising 1,143 probands with ADHD and 1,453 siblings were analyzed. The total and subscale scores of the Social Communication Questionnaire (SCQ) were used as quantitative traits for multipoint regression-based linkage analyses on 5,407 autosomal single-nucleotide polymorphisms applying MERLIN-regress software, both without and with inclusion of ADHD symptom scores as covariates. RESULTS The analyses without ADHD symptom scores as covariates resulted in three suggestive linkage signals, i.e., on chromosomes 15q24, 16p13, and 18p11. Inclusion of ADHD symptom scores as covariates resulted in additional suggestive loci on chromosomes 7q36 and 12q24, whereas the LOD score of the locus on chromosome 15q decreased below the threshold for suggestive linkage. The loci on 7q, 16p, and 18p were found for the SCQ restricted and repetitive subscale, that on 15q was found for the SCQ communication subscale, and that on 12q for the SCQ total score. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that QTLs identified in this study are ASD specific, although the 15q QTL potentially has pleiotropic effects for ADHD and ASD. This study confirms that genetic factors influence ASD traits along a continuum of severity, as loci potentially underlying ASD symptoms in children with ADHD were identified even though subjects with autism had been excluded from the IMAGE sample, and supports the hypothesis that differential genetic factors underlie the three ASD dimensions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Nanda N.J. Rommelse
- Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands, Karakter Child and Adolescent Psychiatry University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Marieke E. Altink
- Karakter Child and Adolescent Psychiatry University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Richard J.L. Anney
- Trinity Centre for Health Sciences, St. James’s Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Philip Asherson
- Institute of Psychiatry, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Tobias Banaschewski
- Central Institute of Mental Health, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | | | - Ellen A. Fliers
- Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands, Parnassia-Bavo-Group, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Michael Gill
- Trinity Centre for Health Sciences, St. James’s Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | | | - Luise Poustka
- Central Institute of Mental Health, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | | | - Jan K. Buitelaar
- Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands, Karakter Child and Adolescent Psychiatry University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Barbara Franke
- Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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Combarros O, van Duijn CM, Hammond N, Belbin O, Arias-Vásquez A, Cortina-Borja M, Lehmann MG, Aulchenko YS, Schuur M, Kölsch H, Heun R, Wilcock GK, Brown K, Kehoe PG, Harrison R, Coto E, Alvarez V, Deloukas P, Mateo I, Gwilliam R, Morgan K, Warden DR, Smith AD, Lehmann DJ. Replication by the Epistasis Project of the interaction between the genes for IL-6 and IL-10 in the risk of Alzheimer's disease. J Neuroinflammation 2009; 6:22. [PMID: 19698145 PMCID: PMC2744667 DOI: 10.1186/1742-2094-6-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2009] [Accepted: 08/23/2009] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Chronic inflammation is a characteristic of Alzheimer's disease (AD). An interaction associated with the risk of AD has been reported between polymorphisms in the regulatory regions of the genes for the pro-inflammatory cytokine, interleukin-6 (IL-6, gene: IL6), and the anti-inflammatory cytokine, interleukin-10 (IL-10, gene: IL10). Methods We examined this interaction in the Epistasis Project, a collaboration of 7 AD research groups, contributing DNA samples from 1,757 cases of AD and 6,295 controls. Results We replicated the interaction. For IL6 rs2069837 AA × IL10 rs1800871 CC, the synergy factor (SF) was 1.63 (95% confidence interval: 1.10–2.41, p = 0.01), controlling for centre, age, gender and apolipoprotein E ε4 (APOEε4) genotype. Our results are consistent between North Europe (SF = 1.7, p = 0.03) and North Spain (SF = 2.0, p = 0.09). Further replication may require a meta-analysis. However, association due to linkage disequilibrium with other polymorphisms in the regulatory regions of these genes cannot be excluded. Conclusion We suggest that dysregulation of both IL-6 and IL-10 in some elderly people, due in part to genetic variations in the two genes, contributes to the development of AD. Thus, inflammation facilitates the onset of sporadic AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Onofre Combarros
- Neurology Service and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas, Marqués de Valdecilla University Hospital (University of Cantabria), 39008 Santander, Spain.
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Altink ME, Slaats-Willemse DIE, Rommelse NNJ, Buschgens CJM, Fliers EA, Arias-Vásquez A, Xu X, Franke B, Sergeant JA, Faraone SV, Buitelaar JK. Effects of maternal and paternal smoking on attentional control in children with and without ADHD. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2009; 18:465-75. [PMID: 19288168 PMCID: PMC2718195 DOI: 10.1007/s00787-009-0001-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2008] [Accepted: 01/19/2009] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Maternal smoking during pregnancy is a risk factor for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), but data on its adverse effects on cognitive functioning are sparse and inconsistent. Since the effect of maternal smoking during pregnancy may be due to correlated genetic risk factors rather than being a pure environmental effect, we examined the effect of prenatal exposure to smoking on attentional control, taking into account the effects of both maternal and paternal smoking, and examined whether these effects were genetically mediated by parental genotypes. We further examined whether the effect of prenatal exposure to smoking on attentional control interacted with genotypes of the child. Participants were 79 children with ADHD, ascertained for the International Multi-centre ADHD Gene project (IMAGE), and 105 normal controls. Attentional control was assessed by a visual continuous performance task. Three genetic risk factors for ADHD (DRD4 7-repeat allele of the exon 3 variable number of tandem repeats (VNTR), DAT1 10/10 genotype of the VNTR located in the 3' untranslated region, and the DAT1 6/6 genotype of the intron 8 VNTR) were included in the analyses. Paternal smoking had a negative effect on attentional control in children with ADHD and this effect appeared to be mediated by genetic risk factors. The prenatal smoking effect did not interact with genotypes of the child. Maternal smoking had no main effect on attentional control, which may be due to lower smoking rates. This study suggests that the effects of paternal smoking on attentional control in children with ADHD should be considered a proxy for ADHD and/or smoking risk genes. Future studies should examine if the results can be generalized to other cognitive domains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marieke E. Altink
- Department of Psychiatry, Donders Centre for Neuroscience, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, P.O. Box 9101, HP 966, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands ,Karakter Child and Adolescent University Centre Nijmegen, Reinier Postlaan 12, 6525 GC Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Dorine I. E. Slaats-Willemse
- Department of Psychiatry, Donders Centre for Neuroscience, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, P.O. Box 9101, HP 966, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands ,Karakter Child and Adolescent University Centre Nijmegen, Reinier Postlaan 12, 6525 GC Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Nanda N. J. Rommelse
- Department of Clinical Neuropsychology, VU University Amsterdam, Van der Boechorststraat 1, 1081 BT Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Cathelijne J. M. Buschgens
- Department of Psychiatry, Donders Centre for Neuroscience, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, P.O. Box 9101, HP 966, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Ellen A. Fliers
- Department of Psychiatry, Donders Centre for Neuroscience, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, P.O. Box 9101, HP 966, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Alejandro Arias-Vásquez
- Department of Psychiatry, Donders Centre for Neuroscience, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, P.O. Box 9101, HP 966, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands ,Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, HP 855, P.O. Box 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Xiaohui Xu
- MRC Social Genetic Developmental and Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, King’s College London, De Crespigny Park, London, SE5 8AF UK
| | - Barbara Franke
- Department of Psychiatry, Donders Centre for Neuroscience, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, P.O. Box 9101, HP 966, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands ,Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, HP 855, P.O. Box 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Joseph A. Sergeant
- Department of Clinical Neuropsychology, VU University Amsterdam, Van der Boechorststraat 1, 1081 BT Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Stephen V. Faraone
- Departments of Psychiatry and Neuroscience & Physiology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Weiskotten Hall 3285, Syracuse, NY 13210 USA
| | - Jan K. Buitelaar
- Department of Psychiatry, Donders Centre for Neuroscience, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, P.O. Box 9101, HP 966, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands ,Karakter Child and Adolescent University Centre Nijmegen, Reinier Postlaan 12, 6525 GC Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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Anney RJL, Lasky-Su J, O'Dúshláine C, Kenny E, Neale BM, Mulligan A, Franke B, Zhou K, Chen W, Christiansen H, Arias-Vásquez A, Banaschewski T, Buitelaar J, Ebstein R, Miranda A, Mulas F, Oades RD, Roeyers H, Rothenberger A, Sergeant J, Sonuga-Barke E, Steinhausen H, Asherson P, Faraone SV, Gill M. Conduct disorder and ADHD: evaluation of conduct problems as a categorical and quantitative trait in the international multicentre ADHD genetics study. Am J Med Genet B Neuropsychiatr Genet 2008; 147B:1369-78. [PMID: 18951430 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.b.30871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is typically characterized by inattention, excessive motor activity, impulsivity, and distractibility. Individuals with ADHD have significant impairment in family and peer relations, academic functioning, and show high co-morbidity with a wide range of psychiatric disorders including oppositional defiant disorder (ODD), conduct disorder (CD), anxiety disorder, depression, substance abuse, and pervasive developmental disorder (PDD). Family studies suggest that ADHD + CD represents a specific subtype of the ADHD disorder with familial risk factors only partly overlapping with those of ADHD alone. We performed a hypothesis-free analysis of the GAIN-ADHD sample to identify markers and genes important in the development of conduct problems in a European cohort of individuals with ADHD. Using the Family-Based Association Test (FBAT) package we examined three measures of conduct problems in 1,043,963 autosomal markers. This study is part of a series of exploratory analyses to identify candidate genes that may be important in ADHD and ADHD-related traits, such as conduct problems. We did not find genome-wide statistical significance (P < 5 x 10(-7)) for any of the tested markers and the three conduct problem traits. Fifty-four markers reached strong GWA signals (P < 10(-5)). We discuss these findings in the context of putative candidate genes and the implications of these findings in the understanding of the etiology of ADHD + CD. We aimed to achieve insight into the genetic etiology of a trait using a hypothesis-free study design and were able to identify a number of biologically interesting markers and genes for follow-up studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard J L Anney
- Department of Neuropsychiatric Genetics, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland.
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Rommelse NNJ, Altink ME, Arias-Vásquez A, Buschgens CJM, Fliers E, Faraone SV, Buitelaar JK, Sergeant JA, Franke B, Oosterlaan J. A review and analysis of the relationship between neuropsychological measures and DAT1 in ADHD. Am J Med Genet B Neuropsychiatr Genet 2008; 147B:1536-46. [PMID: 18729135 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.b.30848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Meta-analyses indicate that the gene coding for the dopamine transporter (DAT1 or SLC6A3) is associated with an increased risk for ADHD. The mechanisms of this gene for ADHD are unclear. We systematically reviewed studies linking the VNTR in the 3' UTR of the DAT1 to neurophysiological and neuropsychological measures. In addition, a broad set of executive/cognitive and motor tests was administered to 350 children (5-11 years) and adolescents (11-19 years) with ADHD and 195 non-affected siblings. Two VNTRs (in intron 8 and the 3' UTR) and four SNPs (two 5' and two 3') in DAT1 were genotyped. The effect of the polymorphisms on neuropsychological functioning was studied. The review indicated that the majority of studies did not find a relation between DAT1 and neurophysiological or neuropsychological measures. In our sample, several of the polymorphisms of DAT1 were associated with ADHD and ADHD was associated with impaired neuropsychological functioning. However, none of the DAT1 polymorphisms was convincingly associated with neuropsychological dysfunctioning. This suggests that the effect of DAT1 on ADHD was not mediated by neuropsychological performance. However, since DAT1 is mainly expressed in the striatum and not the prefrontal cortex, it may influence striatum-related functions (such as delay aversion) more heavily than prefrontal related functions (such as executive functions). Associations of DAT1 with ADHD were only found in adolescents, which may suggest that DAT1 mainly exerts its effect in adolescence, and/or that having a more persistent form of ADHD may mark a more severe or homogeneous genetic form of the disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nanda N J Rommelse
- Department of Clinical Neuropsychology, VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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Rommelse NNJ, Altink ME, Arias-Vásquez A, Buschgens CJM, Fliers E, Faraone SV, Buitelaar JK, Sergeant JA, Oosterlaan J, Franke B. Differential association between MAOA, ADHD and neuropsychological functioning in boys and girls. Am J Med Genet B Neuropsychiatr Genet 2008; 147B:1524-30. [PMID: 18726986 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.b.30845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is more common in boys than in girls. It has been hypothesized that this sex difference might be related to genes on the X-chromosome, like Monoamine Oxidase A (MAOA). Almost all studies on the role of MAOA in ADHD have focused predominantly on boys, making it unknown whether MAOA also has an effect on ADHD in girls, and few studies have investigated the relationship between MAOA and neuropsychological functioning, yet this may provide insight into the pathways leading from genotype to phenotype. The current study set out to examine the relationship between MAOA, ADHD, and neuropsychological functioning in both boys (265 boys with ADHD and 89 male non-affected siblings) and girls (85 girls with ADHD and 106 female non-affected siblings). A haplotype was used based on three single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) (rs12843268, rs3027400, and rs1137070). Two haplotypes (GGC and ATT) captured 97% of the genetic variance in the investigated MAOA SNPs. The ATT haplotype was more common in non-affected siblings (P = 0.025), conferring a protective effect for ADHD in both boys and girls. The target and direction of the MAOA effect on neuropsychological functioning was different in boys and girls: The ATT haplotype was associated with poorer motor control in boys (P = 0.002), but with better visuo-spatial working memory in girls (P = 0.01). These findings suggest that the genetic and neuropsychological mechanisms underlying ADHD may be different in boys and girls and underline the importance of taking into account sex effects when studying ADHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nanda N J Rommelse
- Department of Clinical Neuropsychology, VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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Altink ME, Arias-Vásquez A, Franke B, Slaats–Willemse DI, Buschgens CJ, Rommelse NN, Fliers EA, Anney R, Brookes KJ, Chen W, Gill M, Mulligan A, Sonuga-Barke E, Thompson M, Sergeant JA, Faraone SV, Asherson P, Buitelaar JK. The dopamine receptor D4 7-repeat allele and prenatal smoking in ADHD-affected children and their unaffected siblings: no gene-environment interaction. J Child Psychol Psychiatry 2008; 49:1053-60. [PMID: 19017022 PMCID: PMC2870715 DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-7610.2008.01998.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The dopamine receptor D4 (DRD4) 7-repeat allele and maternal smoking during pregnancy are both considered as risk factors in the aetiology of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), but few studies have been conducted on their interactive effects in causing ADHD. The purpose of this study is to examine the gene by environment (GxE) interaction of the DRD4 7-repeat allele and smoking during pregnancy on ADHD and oppositional behavior in families from the International Multicenter ADHD Genetics project; and further, to test the hypothesis that the direction of effect of the DRD4 7-repeat allele differs between ADHD affected and unaffected children. METHODS Linear mixed models were used to assess main and interactive effects of the DRD4 7-repeat allele and smoking during pregnancy in 539 ADHD-affected children and their 407 unaffected siblings, aged 6-17 years. RESULTS There was some evidence pointing to differential effects of the DRD4 7-repeat allele on ADHD and oppositional symptoms in the affected (fewer symptoms) and unaffected children (increasing ADHD symptoms of teacher ratings). Affected children were more often exposed to prenatal smoking than unaffected children. There were limited main effects of prenatal smoking on severity of symptoms. Given the number of tests performed, no indication was found for GxE interactions. CONCLUSION Despite the large sample size, no GxE interactions were found. The impact of the DRD4 7-repeat allele might differ, depending on affected status and rater. This finding is discussed in terms of differences in the activity of the dopaminergic system and of different genes involved in rater-specific behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marieke E. Altink
- Department of Psychiatry, Radboud University Nijmegen, Donders Centre for Neuroscience, Medical Centre, The Netherlands, Karakter Child and Adolescent University Centre Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Alejandro Arias-Vásquez
- Department of Psychiatry, Radboud University Nijmegen, Donders Centre for Neuroscience, Medical Centre, The Netherlands, Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, The Netherlands, Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, The Netherlands
| | - Barbara Franke
- Department of Psychiatry, Radboud University Nijmegen, Donders Centre for Neuroscience, Medical Centre, The Netherlands, Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, The Netherlands
| | | | - Cathelijne J.M. Buschgens
- Department of Psychiatry, Radboud University Nijmegen, Donders Centre for Neuroscience, Medical Centre, The Netherlands
| | - Nanda N.J. Rommelse
- Department of Clinical Neuropsychology, VU University Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ellen A. Fliers
- Department of Psychiatry, Radboud University Nijmegen, Donders Centre for Neuroscience, Medical Centre, The Netherlands
| | - Richard Anney
- Department of Psychiatry, Trinity Centre for Health Sciences, St James’s Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Keeley-Joanne Brookes
- MRC Social Genetic Developmental and Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, London, UK
| | - Wai Chen
- MRC Social Genetic Developmental and Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, London, UK
| | - Michael Gill
- Department of Psychiatry, Trinity Centre for Health Sciences, St James’s Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Aisling Mulligan
- Department of Psychiatry, Trinity Centre for Health Sciences, St James’s Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | | | | | - Joseph A. Sergeant
- Department of Clinical Neuropsychology, VU University Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Stephen V. Faraone
- Medical Genetics Research Center and Department of Psychiatry, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York, USA
| | - Philip Asherson
- MRC Social Genetic Developmental and Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, London, UK
| | - Jan K. Buitelaar
- Department of Psychiatry, Radboud University Nijmegen, Donders Centre for Neuroscience, Medical Centre, The Netherlands
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Rommelse NN, Arias-Vásquez A, Altink ME, Buschgens CJ, Fliers E, Asherson P, Faraone SV, Buitelaar JK, Sergeant JA, Oosterlaan J, Franke B. Neuropsychological Endophenotype Approach to Genome-wide Linkage Analysis Identifies Susceptibility Loci for ADHD on 2q21.1 and 13q12.11. Am J Hum Genet 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2008.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
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Rommelse NN, Arias-Vásquez A, Altink ME, Buschgens CJ, Fliers E, Asherson P, Faraone SV, Buitelaar JK, Sergeant JA, Oosterlaan J, Franke B. Neuropsychological endophenotype approach to genome-wide linkage analysis identifies susceptibility loci for ADHD on 2q21.1 and 13q12.11. Am J Hum Genet 2008; 83:99-105. [PMID: 18599010 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2008.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2008] [Revised: 05/24/2008] [Accepted: 06/02/2008] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
ADHD linkage findings have not all been consistently replicated, suggesting that other approaches to linkage analysis in ADHD might be necessary, such as the use of (quantitative) endophenotypes (heritable traits associated with an increased risk for ADHD). Genome-wide linkage analyses were performed in the Dutch subsample of the International Multi-Center ADHD Genetics (IMAGE) study comprising 238 DSM-IV combined-type ADHD probands and their 112 affected and 195 nonaffected siblings. Eight candidate neuropsychological ADHD endophenotypes with heritabilities > 0.2 were used as quantitative traits. In addition, an overall component score of neuropsychological functioning was used. A total of 5407 autosomal single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were used to run multipoint regression-based linkage analyses. Two significant genome-wide linkage signals were found, one for Motor Timing on chromosome 2q21.1 (LOD score: 3.944) and one for Digit Span on 13q12.11 (LOD score: 3.959). Ten suggestive linkage signals were found (LOD scores > or = 2) on chromosomes 2p, 2q, 3p, 4q, 8q, 12p, 12q, 14q, and 17q. The suggestive linkage signal for the component score that was found at 2q14.3 (LOD score: 2.878) overlapped with the region significantly linked to Motor Timing. Endophenotype approaches may increase power to detect susceptibility loci in ADHD and possibly in other complex disorders.
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van Rijn MJE, Bos MJ, Isaacs A, Yazdanpanah M, Arias-Vásquez A, Stricker BHC, Klungel OH, Oostra BA, Koudstaal PJ, Witteman JC, Hofman A, Breteler MMB, van Duijn CM. Polymorphisms of the renin-angiotensin system are associated with blood pressure, atherosclerosis and cerebral white matter pathology. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2007; 78:1083-7. [PMID: 17220293 PMCID: PMC2117548 DOI: 10.1136/jnnp.2006.109819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The renin-angiotensin system is involved in the development of hypertension, atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease. We studied the association between the M235T polymorphism of the angiotensinogen gene (AGT) and the C573T polymorphism of the angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1R) and blood pressure, carotid atherosclerosis and cerebrovascular disease. METHODS We genotyped over 6000 subjects from the Rotterdam Study and more than 1000 subjects from the Rotterdam Scan Study. We used logistic regression and univariate analyses, adjusting for age and sex with, for AGT, the MM and, for AT1R, the TT genotype as reference. RESULTS We found that AGT-235T increased systolic (p for trend = 0.03) and diastolic blood pressure (p for trend = 0.04). The prevalence of carotid plaques was increased 1.25-fold (95% CI 1.02-1.52) in AGT-TT carriers. There was a significant increase in mean volume deep subcortical white matter lesions (WML) for AGT-TT carriers (1.78 ml vs 1.09 ml in the reference group; p = 0.008). A significant interaction was found between AGT and AT1R, further increasing the effect on periventricular and subtotal WML (p for interaction = 0.02). We found a non-significant increased risk of silent brain infarction for AGT-TT carriers and AT1R-CC carriers, but no effect on stroke. CONCLUSION We found an association between AGT and blood pressure, atherosclerosis and WML. Also, we found synergistic effects between AGT and AT1R on the development of WML. These findings raise the question of whether the renin-angiotensin system may be a therapeutic target for the prevention of cerebral white matter pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- M J E van Rijn
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Erasmus Medical Centre, PO Box 1738, 3000 DR Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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Arias-Vásquez A, de Lau L, Pardo L, Liu F, Feng BJ, Bertoli-Avella A, Isaacs A, Aulchenko Y, Hofman A, Oostra B, Breteler M, van Duijn C. Relationship of the Ubiquilin 1 gene with Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease and cognitive function. Neurosci Lett 2007; 424:1-5. [PMID: 17709205 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2007.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2007] [Revised: 07/06/2007] [Accepted: 07/06/2007] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Ubiquilin 1 (UBQLN1) is involved in the ubiquitination machinery, which has been implicated in Alzheimer's disease (AD) as well as Parkinson's disease (PD). A polymorphism in the gene encoding for UBQLN1 has been previously associated with a higher risk of AD. We studied the role of the SNP rs12344615 on the UBQLN 1 gene in AD, PD and cognitive function in a population-based study, the Rotterdam Study, and a family-based study embedded in the genetic research in isolated population (GRIP) program. The Rotterdam Study includes 549 patients with AD and 157 patients with PD. The GRIP program includes a series of 123 patients with AD and a study of 1049 persons who are characterized for cognitive function. Data were analysed using logistic and multiple regression analysis. We found no significant difference in risk of AD or PD by the UBQLN1 SNP rs12344615 in our overall and stratified analyses in the Rotterdam Study. In our family-based study, we did not find evidence for linkage of AD to the region including the UBQLN1 gene. In the family-based study we also failed to detect an effect of this polymorphism on cognitive function. Our results suggest that it is unlikely that the SNP rs12344615 of the UBQLN1 gene is related to the onset of AD, PD or cognitive function.
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Arias-Vásquez A, Isaacs A, Aulchenko YS, Hofman A, Oostra BA, Breteler M, van Duijn CM. The cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) gene and the risk of Alzheimer's disease. Neurogenetics 2007; 8:189-93. [PMID: 17503098 DOI: 10.1007/s10048-007-0089-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2007] [Accepted: 04/17/2007] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Like the apolipoprotein E (APOE) gene, the most common genetic determinant for Alzheimer's disease (AD), the cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) is involved in lipid metabolism. We studied the I405V polymorphism of the CETP gene in relation to AD. We genotyped 544 AD cases and 5,404 controls from the Rotterdam study, using a TaqMan allelic discrimination assay. Odds ratios (ORs) for AD were estimated using logistic regression analysis. CETP VV carriers showed significantly increased high-density lipoprotein levels compared to the IV and II carriers. In the overall analysis of AD, the risk of disease for the VV carriers of the CETP polymorphism was non-significantly increased compared to II carriers OR(VV) = 1.33, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.96-1.90 p = 0.08). In those without the APOE*4 allele, the risk of AD for VV carriers was increased 1.67-fold (95% CI 1.11-2.52, p = 0.01). The difference in the relationship between CETP and AD between APOE*4 carriers and APOE*4 non-carriers was statistically significant (p for interaction = 0.04). Our results suggest that the VV genotype of the I405V polymorphism of the CETP gene increases the risk of AD in the absence of the APOE*4 allele, probably through a cholesterol metabolism pathway in the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Arias-Vásquez
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, Erasmus Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
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Liu F, Arias-Vásquez A, Sleegers K, Aulchenko YS, Kayser M, Sanchez-Juan P, Feng BJ, Bertoli-Avella AM, van Swieten J, Axenovich TI, Heutink P, van Broeckhoven C, Oostra BA, van Duijn CM. A genomewide screen for late-onset Alzheimer disease in a genetically isolated Dutch population. Am J Hum Genet 2007; 81:17-31. [PMID: 17564960 PMCID: PMC1950931 DOI: 10.1086/518720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2007] [Accepted: 03/27/2007] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer disease (AD) is the most common cause of dementia. We conducted a genome screen of 103 patients with late-onset AD who were ascertained as part of the Genetic Research in Isolated Populations (GRIP) program that is conducted in a recently isolated population from the southwestern area of The Netherlands. All patients and their 170 closely related relatives were genotyped using 402 microsatellite markers. Extensive genealogy information was collected, which resulted in an extremely large and complex pedigree of 4,645 members. The pedigree was split into 35 subpedigrees, to reduce the computational burden of linkage analysis. Simulations aiming to evaluate the effect of pedigree splitting on false-positive probabilities showed that a LOD score of 3.64 corresponds to 5% genomewide type I error. Multipoint analysis revealed four significant and one suggestive linkage peaks. The strongest evidence of linkage was found for chromosome 1q21 (heterogeneity LOD [HLOD]=5.20 at marker D1S498). Approximately 30 cM upstream of this locus, we found another peak at 1q25 (HLOD=4.0 at marker D1S218). These two loci are in a previously established linkage region. We also confirmed the AD locus at 10q22-24 (HLOD=4.15 at marker D10S185). There was significant evidence of linkage of AD to chromosome 3q22-24 (HLOD=4.44 at marker D3S1569). For chromosome 11q24-25, there was suggestive evidence of linkage (HLOD=3.29 at marker D11S1320). We next tested for association between cognitive function and 4,173 single-nucleotide polymorphisms in the linked regions in an independent sample consisting of 197 individuals from the GRIP region. After adjusting for multiple testing, we were able to detect significant associations for cognitive function in four of five AD-linked regions, including the new region on chromosome 3q22-24 and regions 1q25, 10q22-24, and 11q25. With use of cognitive function as an endophenotype of AD, our study indicates the that the RGSL2, RALGPS2, and C1orf49 genes are the potential disease-causing genes at 1q25. Our analysis of chromosome 10q22-24 points to the HTR7, MPHOSPH1, and CYP2C cluster. This is the first genomewide screen that showed significant linkage to chromosome 3q23 markers. For this region, our analysis identified the NMNAT3 and CLSTN2 genes. Our findings confirm linkage to chromosome 11q25. We were unable to confirm SORL1; instead, our analysis points to the OPCML and HNT genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Liu
- Genetic Epidemiology Unit, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics and Clinical Genetics, Erasmus Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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van Rijn MJE, Bos MJ, Yazdanpanah M, Isaacs A, Arias-Vásquez A, Koudstaal PJ, Hofman A, Witteman JC, van Duijn CM, Breteler MMB. Alpha-adducin polymorphism, atherosclerosis, and cardiovascular and cerebrovascular risk. Stroke 2006; 37:2930-4. [PMID: 17082469 DOI: 10.1161/01.str.0000248760.67039.2b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Carriers of the 460Trp allele of the alpha-adducin gene (ADD1) show higher rates of sodium reabsorption compared with homozygous carriers of the Gly460 allele and were found to have an increased risk of hypertension and cardiovascular disease. We studied the association between the Gly460Trp polymorphism and atherosclerosis, cardiovascular disease, and cerebrovascular disease. METHODS Intima-media thickness of the common carotid artery, as well as incident stroke and myocardial infarction, were studied within 6471 subjects of the Rotterdam Study. Within 1018 subjects of the Rotterdam Scan Study, prevalent silent brain infarcts and cerebral white matter lesions were studied. Subjects were grouped into 460Trp carriers (variant carriers) and homozygous carriers of the Gly460 allele (reference). RESULTS Intima-media thickness of the common carotid artery was 0.80 mm in variant carriers compared with 0.79 mm in the reference group (P=0.04). Variant carriers had an increased risk of any stroke (hazard ratio [HR], 1.22; 95% CI, 1.02 to 1.45), ischemic stroke (HR, 1.29; 95% CI, 1.02 to 1.63), hemorrhagic stroke (HR, 1.07; 95% CI, 0.59 to 1.92), and of myocardial infarction (HR, 1.33; 95% CI, 1.05 to 1.69). For any ischemic stroke, there was a significant interaction between the Gly460Trp polymorphism and hypertension. Variant carriers more often had a silent brain infarct (odds ratio, 1.36; 95% CI, 0.98 to 1.88) and had more subcortical white matter lesions than the reference group (1.45 vs1.24 mL; P=0.22). CONCLUSIONS The Gly460Trp polymorphism is associated with atherosclerosis, cardiovascular disease, and cerebrovascular disease, especially in hypertensive subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Josee E van Rijn
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Erasmus Medical Center, PO Box 1738, 3000 DR Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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González-Zuloeta Ladd AM, Arias-Vásquez A, Siemes C, Coebergh JWW, Hofman A, Witteman J, Uitterlinden A, Stricker BHC, van Duijn CM. Transforming-growth factor beta1 Leu10Pro polymorphism and breast cancer morbidity. Eur J Cancer 2006; 43:371-4. [PMID: 17035001 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2006.08.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2006] [Revised: 07/18/2006] [Accepted: 08/29/2006] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
TGF-beta1 has a dual role in carcinogenesis. In this gene, a leucine to proline substitution in codon 10 leads to higher circulating levels of TGF-beta1. This variant has been studied in relationship to the risk for breast cancer yielding contradicting results. We aim to unravel the relationship of this polymorphism and the risk of breast cancer. Women participating in the Rotterdam Study including 143 patients with incident breast cancer were genotyped for this polymorphism. We carried out a logistic regression and a survival analysis using age as the time variable. The logistic regression analysis showed an increased risk of breast cancer for Proline carriers (OR=1.4; 95% confidence interval (CI)=1.1-2.0) versus non-carriers. The survival analysis showed that carriers of the same allele had an increased risk of breast cancer (HR=1.4, 95% CI=1.1-2.0) against non-carriers. Our data suggest that the TGF-beta1 Leu10Pro polymorphism might play a role in breast cancer risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M González-Zuloeta Ladd
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Erasmus University Medical Center, Postbus 1738, 3000 DR Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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Liu F, Arias-Vásquez A, Aulchenko YS, Sleegers K, Sanchez-Juan P, Bertoli-Avella AM, Jian Feng B, Isaacs A, Heutink P, Broeckhoven C, Oostra BA, Duijn CM. O2–02–03: Linkage–based full genome scan for late onset Alzheimer's disease in a genetically isolated population. Alzheimers Dement 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jalz.2006.05.113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fan Liu
- Department of Epidemiology & BiostatisticsErasmus MCRotterdamThe Netherlands
| | | | - Yurii S. Aulchenko
- Department of Epidemiology & BiostatisticsErasmus MCRotterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Kristel Sleegers
- Department of Epidemiology & BiostatisticsErasmus MCRotterdamThe Netherlands
| | | | | | - Bing Jian Feng
- Department of Epidemiology & BiostatisticsErasmus MCRotterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Aaron Isaacs
- Department of Epidemiology & BiostatisticsErasmus MCRotterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Peter Heutink
- Section Medical GenomicsDepartment of Human Genetics and Department of Biological PsychologyCenter for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research VU University and VU University Medical CenterAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Christine Broeckhoven
- Department of Molecular GeneticsFlanders Interuniversity Institute of Biotechnology, University of AntwerpB-2610AntwerpenBelgium
| | - Ben A. Oostra
- Department of Clinical GeneticsErasmus MCRotterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Cornelia M. Duijn
- Department of Epidemiology & BiostatisticsErasmus MCRotterdamThe Netherlands
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Arias-Vásquez A, Sayed-Tabatabaei FA, Schut AFC, Hofman A, Bertolli-Avella AM, Vergeer JM, Aulchenko YS, Witteman JCM, van Duijn CM. Angiotensin converting enzyme gene, smoking and mortality in a population-based study. Eur J Clin Invest 2005; 35:444-9. [PMID: 16008546 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2362.2005.01515.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The genetic and environmental risk factors, which may influence longevity and mortality, have received much attention during more than one decade. One of the major risks for mortality is cardiovascular disease and the renin angiotensin system (RAS) plays a major role in maintaining blood pressure homeostasis. In this system, the Angiotensin Converting Enzyme (ACE) is one of the key regulators and has been studied in relation to cardiovascular disease and mortality. We aimed to evaluate if the ACE I/D polymorphism is related to total mortality in the elderly. MATERIALS AND METHODS Some 6968 elderly individuals from the Rotterdam study were genotyped for this polymorphism. Smoking was studied as a possible covariable or effect modifier. To examine the effect of the ACE genotype on mortality, a Cox proportional hazards model was fitted. RESULTS Our results show an increased risk of total mortality in subjects with age at death below 65 years carriers of the DD genotype (HR 1.8, 95% CI 1.1-2.9, P = 0.016). This association was significant in total and cause specific mortality only in those who smoke (P-value < 0.001 for gene-age interaction). Our findings suggest that the ACE gene is rather associated with early mortality than with late. CONCLUSIONS Individuals who carry the DD genotype appear to be susceptible to early mortality if they smoke, suggesting a possible interaction between smoking and the ACE gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Arias-Vásquez
- Genetic Epidemiology Unit, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Erasmus MC Rotterdam, Netherlands.
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