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Kujawa MJ, Marcinkowska AB, Grzywińska M, Waśkow M, Romanowski A, Szurowska E, Winklewski PJ, Szarmach A. Physical activity and the brain myelin content in humans. Front Cell Neurosci 2023; 17:1198657. [PMID: 37342769 PMCID: PMC10277468 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2023.1198657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023] Open
Abstract
New imaging sequences and biophysical models allow adopting magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for in vivo myelin mapping in humans. Understanding myelination and remyelination processes in the brain is fundamental from the perspective of proper design of physical exercise and rehabilitation schemes that aim to slow down demyelination in the aging population and to induce remyelination in patients with neurodegenerative diseases. Therefore, in this review we strive to provide a state-of-the art summary of the existing MRI studies in humans focused on the effects of physical activity on myelination/remyelination. We present and discuss four cross-sectional and four longitudinal studies and one case report. Physical activity and an active lifestyle have a beneficial effect on the myelin content in humans. Myelin expansion can be induced in humans throughout the entire lifespan by intensive aerobic exercise. Additional research is needed to determine (1) what exercise intensity (and cognitive novelty, which is embedded in the exercise scheme) is the most beneficial for patients with neurodegenerative diseases, (2) the relationship between cardiorespiratory fitness and myelination, and (3) how exercise-induced myelination affect cognitive abilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariusz J. Kujawa
- 2nd Department of Radiology, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Anna B. Marcinkowska
- 2nd Department of Radiology, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
- Applied Cognitive Neuroscience Lab, Department of Neurophysiology, Neuropsychology and Neuroinformatics, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Grzywińska
- Neuroinformatics and Artificial Intelligence Lab, Department of Neurophysiology, Neuropsychology and Neuroinformatics, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Monika Waśkow
- Institute of Health Sciences, Pomeranian University in Słupsk, Słupsk, Poland
| | | | - Edyta Szurowska
- 2nd Department of Radiology, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Paweł J. Winklewski
- 2nd Department of Radiology, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
- Department of Neurophysiology, Neuropsychology and Neuroinformatics, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Arkadiusz Szarmach
- 2nd Department of Radiology, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
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Skotarczak M, Dzierżanowski J, Kaszubowski M, Winklewski PJ, Romanowski A, Szurowska E, Szarmach A. Diagnostic value of diffusion tensor imaging in patients with clinical signs of cervical spondylotic myelopathy. Neurol Neurochir Pol 2022; 56:341-348. [PMID: 35471632 DOI: 10.5603/pjnns.a2022.0031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Revised: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
AIM OF THE STUDY The aim of this study was to assess the diagnostic value of diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) in patients with symptoms of cervical myelopathy. Detailed goals included determining the diagnostic effectiveness of quantitative parameters, i.e. fractional anisotropy (FA) and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC), in the diagnosis of cervical myelopathy, and the correlation between these parameters and clinical symptoms. CLINICAL RATIONALE FOR THE STUDY The demonstration of an ischaemic focus in the spinal cord by standard magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) methods is associated with already accomplished spinal cord damage, and of course limited treatment options. Therefore, finding a new examination protocol that allows early diagnosis of myelopathic focus, before the onset of full neurological symptoms, has become a priority in the diagnosis and treatment of spine diseases. Such an examination increases the chances of correctly qualifying the patient for conservative vs. surgical treatment. MATERIAL AND METHODS Between 2013 and 2017, 128 adults with clinical signs of cervical myelopathy were examined, and were divided into four symptomatic subgroups. A control group consisted of 37 healthy volunteers. DTI values were measured at the level of C2/C3, and at the most severe stenosis of the spine. RESULTS In patients with cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM), the ADC values were significantly higher (p < 0.001), and FA values were significantly lower (p < 0.001), than in healthy volunteers at the stenotic level. There were significant differences in DTI parameters between the clinical subgroups (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS Changes in DTI parameters indicate a microstructural disorder of the core which is not visible in a structural MRI. FA and ADC values measured at the level of the most severe stenosis of the spinal canal allow the differentiation of patients with myelopathy of varying degrees of clinical severity. Extending standard MRI to include assessment of FA and ADC may be helpful in deciding treatment modalities (conservative vs. surgical) for patients with visible canal stenosis without full neurological symptoms. This may be useful in selecting patients for urgent rehabilitative treatment. This study is a starting point for further research, i.e. an evaluation of the extent of FA and ADC lesion withdrawal after surgical treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Skotarczak
- 2nd Department of Radiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | | | - Mariusz Kaszubowski
- Department of Economic Sciences, Faculty of Management and Economics, Gdansk University of Technology, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Paweł J Winklewski
- Department of Human Physiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland.,Department of Clinical Anatomy and Physiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Pomeranian University of Slupsk, Slupsk, Poland
| | | | - Edyta Szurowska
- 2nd Department of Radiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Arkadiusz Szarmach
- 2nd Department of Radiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland.
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Yu T, Jia T, Zhu L, Desrivières S, Macare C, Bi Y, Bokde ALW, Quinlan EB, Heinz A, Ittermann B, Liu C, Ji L, Banaschewski T, Ren D, Du L, Hou B, Flor H, Frouin V, Garavan H, Gowland P, Martinot JL, Paillère Martinot ML, Nees F, Orfanos DP, Luo Q, Chu C, Paus T, Poustka L, Hohmann S, Millenet S, Smolka MN, Vetter NC, Mennigen E, Lei C, Walter H, Fröhner JH, Whelan R, He G, He L, Schumann G, Robert G, Artiges E, Schneider S, Bach C, Paus T, Barbot A, Barker G, Bokde A, Vetter N, Büchel C, Cattrell A, Constant P, Gowland P, Crombag H, Czech K, Dalley J, Decideur B, Spranger T, Ripley T, Heym N, Flor H, Sommer W, Fuchs B, Gallinat J, Garavan H, Spanagel R, Kaviani M, Heinrichs B, Heinz A, Subramaniam N, Jia T, Ihlenfeld A, Delosis JI, Ittermann B, Conrod P, Banaschewski T, Jones J, Klaassen A, Lalanne C, Lanzerath D, Lawrence C, Lemaitre H, Desrivieres S, Mallik C, Mann K, Mar A, Martinez-Medina L, Martinot JL, Mennigen E, de Carvahlo FM, Schwartz Y, Bruehl R, Müller K, Nees F, Nymberg C, Lathrop M, Robbins T, Pausova Z, Pentilla J, Biondo F, Poline JB, Hohmann S, Poustka L, Millenet S, Smolka M, Fröhner J, Struve M, Williams S, Hübner T, Bromberg U, Aydin S, Rogers J, Romanowski A, Schmäl C, Schmidt D, Ripke S, Arroyo M, Schubert F, Pena-Oliver Y, Fauth-Bühler M, Mignon X, Whelan R, Speiser C, Fadai T, Stephens D, Ströhle A, Paillere ML, Strache N, Theobald D, Jurk S, Vulser H, Miranda R, Yacubilin J, Frouin V, Genauck A, Parchetka C, Gemmeke I, Kruschwitz J, WeiB K, Walter H, Feng J, Papadopoulos D, Filippi I, Ing A, Ruggeri B, Xu B, Macare C, Chu C, Hanratty E, Quinlan EB, Robert G, Schumann G, Yu T, Ziesch V, Stedman A. Cannabis-Associated Psychotic-like Experiences Are Mediated by Developmental Changes in the Parahippocampal Gyrus. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2020; 59:642-649. [PMID: 31326579 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaac.2019.05.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2018] [Revised: 05/15/2019] [Accepted: 07/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Cannabis consumption during adolescence has been reported as a risk factor for psychotic-like experiences (PLEs) and schizophrenia. However, brain developmental processes associated with cannabis-related PLEs are still poorly described. METHOD A total of 706 adolescents from the general population who were recruited by the IMAGEN consortium had structural magnetic resonance imaging scans at both 14 and 19 years of age. We used deformation-based morphometry to map voxelwise brain changes between the two time points, using the pairwise algorithm in SPM12b. We used an a priori region-of-interest approach focusing on the hippocampus/parahippocampus to perform voxelwise linear regressions. Lifetime cannabis consumption was assessed using the European School Survey Project on Alcohol and other Drugs (ESPAD), and PLEs were assessed with the Comprehensive Assessment Psychotic-like experiences (CAPE) tool. We first tested whether hippocampus/parahippocampus development was associated with PLEs. Then we formulated and tested an a priori simple mediation model in which uncus development mediates the association between lifetime cannabis consumption and PLEs. RESULTS We found that PLEs were associated with reduced expansion within a specific region of the right hippocampus/parahippocampus formation, the uncus (p = .002 at the cluster level, p = .018 at the peak level). The partial simple mediation model revealed a significant total effect from lifetime cannabis consumption to PLEs (b = 0.069, 95% CI = 0.04-0.1, p =2 × 10-16), as well as a small yet significant, indirect effect of right uncus development (0.004; 95% CI = 0.0004-0.01, p = .026). CONCLUSION We show here that the uncus development is involved in the cerebral basis of PLEs in a population-based sample of healthy adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Yu
- Bio-X Institutes, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, UK; Shanghai Center for Women and Children's Health, China; Jining Medical University, Shandong, China
| | - Tianye Jia
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, UK; Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-Inspired Intelligence, MoE Key Laboratory of Computational Neuroscience and Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Liping Zhu
- Shanghai Center for Women and Children's Health, China
| | - Sylvane Desrivières
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, UK
| | - Christine Macare
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, UK
| | - Yan Bi
- Bio-X Institutes, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Arun L W Bokde
- Discipline of Psychiatry, School of Medicine and Trinity College Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College Dublin, College Green, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Erin Burke Quinlan
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, UK
| | - Andreas Heinz
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Campus Charité Mitte, Berlin, Germany
| | - Bernd Ittermann
- Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB), Braunschweig and Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Lei Ji
- Bio-X Institutes, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tobias Banaschewski
- Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Decheng Ren
- Bio-X Institutes, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Li Du
- Shanghai Center for Women and Children's Health, China
| | - Binyin Hou
- Bio-X Institutes, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Herta Flor
- Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany; School of Social Sciences, University of Mannheim, Germany
| | - Vincent Frouin
- NeuroSpin, Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | | | - Penny Gowland
- Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, UK
| | - Jean-Luc Martinot
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), University Paris Sud, Orsay, France
| | | | - Frauke Nees
- Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | | | - Qiang Luo
- Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-Inspired Intelligence, MoE Key Laboratory of Computational Neuroscience and Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Congying Chu
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, UK
| | - Tomas Paus
- Bloorview Research Institute, Holland Bloorview Kids Rehabilitation Hospital and the University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Luise Poustka
- University Medical Centre Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Sarah Hohmann
- Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Sabina Millenet
- Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | | | | | | | - Cai Lei
- Bio-X Institutes, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Henrik Walter
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Campus Charité Mitte, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Robert Whelan
- School of Psychology and Global Brain Health Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland
| | - Guang He
- Bio-X Institutes, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lin He
- Bio-X Institutes, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, UK; Shanghai Center for Women and Children's Health, China; Baoan Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Jinan University, Shenzhen, China. IMAGEN consortium authors, affiliations, and acknowledgement are listed in the supplementary materials
| | - Gunter Schumann
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, UK
| | - Gabriel Robert
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, UK; Behavior and Basal Ganglia Unit, Medical University of Rennes, France.
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Bartholdy S, O'Daly OG, Campbell IC, Banaschewski T, Barker G, Bokde ALW, Bromberg U, Büchel C, Quinlan EB, Desrivières S, Flor H, Frouin V, Garavan H, Gowland P, Heinz A, Ittermann B, Martinot JL, Paillère Martinot ML, Nees F, Orfanos DP, Poustka L, Hohmann S, Fröhner JH, Smolka MN, Walter H, Whelan R, Schumann G, Schmidt U, Artiges E, Schneider S, Bach C, Paus T, Barbot A, Gareth Barker, Bokde A, Vetter N, Büchel C, Cattrell A, Constant P, Gowland P, Crombag H, Czech K, Dalley J, Decideur B, Spranger T, Ripley T, Heym N, Flor H, Sommer W, Fuchs B, Gallinat J, Spanagel R, Kaviani M, Heinrichs B, Andreas Heinz, Subramaniam N, Jia T, Ihlenfeld A, Ireland J, Ittermann B, Conrod P, Banaschewski T, Jones J, Klaassen A, Lalanne C, Lanzerath D, Lawrence C, Lemaitre H, Desrivieres S, Mallik C, Karl Mann, Mar A, Martinez-Medina L, Jean-Luc Martinot, Mennigen E, Mesquita de Carvahlo F, Schwartz Y, Bruehl R, Müller K, Nees F, Nymberg C, Lathrop M, Trevor Robbins, Pausova Z, Jani Pentilla, Biondo F, Jean-Baptiste Poline, Hohmann S, Poustka L, Millenet S, Michael Smolka, Fröhner J, Struve M, Steve Williams, Hübner T, Bromberg U, Aydin S, Rogers J, Romanowski A, Schmäl C, Schmidt D, Ripke S, Arroyo M, Schubert F, Pena-Oliver Y, Fauth-Bühler M, Mignon X, Whelan R, Speiser C, Fadai T, Dai Stephens, Ströhle A, Paillere ML, Strache N, Theobald D, Jurk S, Vulser H, Miranda R, Yacubian J, Frouin V, Genauck A, Parchetka C, Gemmeke I, Kruschwitz J, Weiß K, Walter H, Feng J, Papadopoulos D, Filippi I, Ing A, Ruggeri B, Xu B, Macare C, Chu C, Hanratty E, Burke Quinlan E, Robert G, Schumann G, Yu T, Ziesch V, Stedman A. Neural Correlates of Failed Inhibitory Control as an Early Marker of Disordered Eating in Adolescents. Biol Psychiatry 2019; 85:956-965. [PMID: 31122340 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2019.01.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2018] [Revised: 01/23/2019] [Accepted: 01/24/2019] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Binge eating and other forms of disordered eating behavior (DEB) are associated with failed inhibitory control. This study investigated the neural correlates of failed inhibitory control as a potential biomarker for DEB. METHODS The study used prospective longitudinal data from the European IMAGEN study adolescent cohort. Participants completed baseline assessments (questionnaires and a brain scan [functional magnetic resonance imaging]) at 14 years of age and a follow-up assessment (questionnaires) at 16 years of age. Self-reported binge eating and/or purging were used to indicate presence of DEB. Neural correlates of failed inhibition were assessed using the stop signal task. Participants were categorized as healthy control subjects (reported no DEB at both time points), maintainers (reported DEB at both time points), recoverers (reported DEB at baseline only), and developers (reported DEB at follow-up only). Forty-three individuals per group with complete scanning data were matched on gender, age, puberty, and intelligence (N = 172). RESULTS At baseline, despite similar task performance, incorrectly responding to stop signals (failed inhibitory control) was associated with greater recruitment of the medial prefrontal cortex and anterior cingulate cortex in the developers compared with healthy control subjects and recoverers. CONCLUSIONS Greater recruitment of the medial prefrontal and anterior cingulate regions during failed inhibition accords with abnormal evaluation of errors contributing to DEB development. As this precedes symptom onset and is evident despite normal task performance, neural responses during failed inhibition may be a useful biomarker of vulnerability for DEB. This study highlights the potential value of prospective neuroimaging studies for identifying markers of illness before the emergence of behavior changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Savani Bartholdy
- Section of Eating Disorders, Department of Psychological Medicine, London, United Kingdom.
| | - Owen G O'Daly
- Centre for Neuroimaging Sciences, London, United Kingdom
| | - Iain C Campbell
- Section of Eating Disorders, Department of Psychological Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | - Tobias Banaschewski
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Gareth Barker
- Centre for Neuroimaging Sciences, London, United Kingdom
| | - Arun L W Bokde
- Discipline of Psychiatry, School of Medicine and Trinity College Institute of Neuroscience, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Uli Bromberg
- University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | | | - Erin Burke Quinlan
- Medical Research Council Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Sylvane Desrivières
- Medical Research Council Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Herta Flor
- Department of Cognitive and Clinical Neuroscience, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany; Department of Psychology, School of Social Sciences, University of Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Vincent Frouin
- Neurospin, Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, Paris, France
| | - Hugh Garavan
- Departments of Psychiatry and Psychology, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont
| | - Penny Gowland
- Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Andreas Heinz
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Campus Charité Mitte, Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Bernd Ittermann
- Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Jean-Luc Martinot
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, INSERM Unit 1000 "Neuroimaging & Psychiatry," University Paris Sud - Paris Saclay, University Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Marie-Laure Paillère Martinot
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, INSERM Unit 1000 "Neuroimaging & Psychiatry," University Paris Sud - Paris Saclay, University Paris Descartes, Paris, France; Department of Adolescent Psychopathology and Medicine, Maison de Solenn, Cochin Hospital, Public Assistance Hospitals of Paris, Paris, France
| | - Frauke Nees
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany; Department of Cognitive and Clinical Neuroscience, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Dimitri Papadopoulos Orfanos
- Neurospin, Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, Paris, France
| | - Luise Poustka
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Centre Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany; Clinic for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Sarah Hohmann
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Juliane H Fröhner
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuroimaging Center, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Michael N Smolka
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuroimaging Center, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Henrik Walter
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Campus Charité Mitte, Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Robert Whelan
- School of Psychology and Global Brain Health Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Gunter Schumann
- Medical Research Council Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ulrike Schmidt
- Section of Eating Disorders, Department of Psychological Medicine, London, United Kingdom; South London & Maudsley National Health Service Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
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Herrero A, Romanowski A, Meelkop E, Caldart CS, Schoofs L, Golombek DA. Pigment-dispersing factor signaling in the circadian system ofCaenorhabditis elegans. Genes, Brain and Behavior 2015; 14:493-501. [DOI: 10.1111/gbb.12231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2015] [Revised: 06/18/2015] [Accepted: 06/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. Herrero
- Laboratorio de Cronobiología, Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología; Universidad Nacional de Quilmes; Buenos Aires Argentina
| | - A. Romanowski
- Laboratorio de Cronobiología, Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología; Universidad Nacional de Quilmes; Buenos Aires Argentina
| | - E. Meelkop
- Animal Physiology and Neurobiology Section, Department of Biology; KU Leuven; Leuven Belgium
| | - C. S. Caldart
- Laboratorio de Cronobiología, Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología; Universidad Nacional de Quilmes; Buenos Aires Argentina
| | - L. Schoofs
- Animal Physiology and Neurobiology Section, Department of Biology; KU Leuven; Leuven Belgium
| | - D. A. Golombek
- Laboratorio de Cronobiología, Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología; Universidad Nacional de Quilmes; Buenos Aires Argentina
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Kühn S, Romanowski A, Schilling C, Banaschewski T, Barbot A, Barker GJ, Brühl R, Büchel C, Conrod PJ, Czech K, Dalley JW, Flor H, Garavan H, Häke I, Ittermann B, Ivanov N, Mann K, Lathrop M, Loth E, Lüdemann K, Mallik C, Martinot JL, Palafox C, Poline JB, Reuter J, Rietschel M, Robbins TW, Smolka MN, Nees F, Walaszek B, Schumann G, Heinz A, Gallinat J. Manual dexterity correlating with right lobule VI volume in right-handed 14-year-olds. Neuroimage 2012; 59:1615-21. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2011.08.100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2011] [Revised: 08/29/2011] [Accepted: 08/31/2011] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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Kühn S, Romanowski A, Schubert F, Gallinat J. Reduction of cerebellar grey matter in Crus I and II in schizophrenia. Brain Struct Funct 2011; 217:523-9. [PMID: 22131119 DOI: 10.1007/s00429-011-0365-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2011] [Accepted: 11/16/2011] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Structural deficiencies within the cerebellum have been associated with schizophrenia. Whereas several region-of-interest-based studies have shown deviations in cerebellar volume, meta-analyses on conventional whole-brain voxel-based morphometry (VBM) studies do not implicate abnormalities in the cerebellum. Since this discrepancy could be due to methodological problems of VBM, we used a cerebellum-optimized VBM procedure. We acquired high-resolution MRI scans from 29 schizophrenia patients and 45 healthy controls and used a VBM approach utilizing the Spatially Unbiased Infratentorial toolbox (Diedrichsen in Neuroimage 33:127-138, 2006). Relative to healthy controls, schizophrenia patients showed reductions of grey matter volume in the left cerebellum Crus I/II that were correlated with thought disorder (p < 0.05; one-sided) and performance in the Trail-making test B (p < 0.01). No cerebellar group differences were detected employing conventional whole-brain VBM. The results derived from the cerebellum analysis provide evidence for distinct grey matter deficits in schizophrenia located in Crus I/II. The association of this area with thought disorder and Trail-making performance supports the previously suggested role of the cerebellum in coordination of mental processes including disordered thought in schizophrenia. The failure of conventional VBM to detect such effects suggests that previous studies might have underestimated the importance of cerebellar structural deficits in schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Kühn
- Clinic for Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, St Hedwig-Krankenhaus, Charité University Medicine, Campus Mitte, Berlin, Germany.
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Schilling C, Kühn S, Romanowski A, Banaschewski T, Barbot A, Barker GJ, Brühl R, Büchel C, Charlet K, Conrod PJ, Czech K, Dalley JW, Flor H, Häke I, Ittermann B, Ivanov N, Mann K, Lüdemann K, Martinot JL, Palafox C, Paus T, Poline JB, Reuter J, Rietschel M, Robbins TW, Smolka MN, Ströhle A, Walaszek B, Kathmann N, Schumann G, Heinz A, Garavan H, Gallinat J. Common structural correlates of trait impulsiveness and perceptual reasoning in adolescence. Hum Brain Mapp 2011; 34:374-83. [PMID: 22076840 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.21446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2011] [Revised: 06/08/2011] [Accepted: 07/27/2011] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Trait impulsiveness is a potential factor that predicts both substance use and certain psychiatric disorders. This study investigates whether there are common structural cerebral correlates of trait impulsiveness and cognitive functioning in a large sample of healthy adolescents from the IMAGEN project. METHODS Clusters of gray matter (GM) volume associated with trait impulsiveness, Cloningers' revised temperament, and character inventory impulsiveness (TCI-R-I) were identified in a whole brain analysis using optimized voxel-based morphometry in 115 healthy 14-year-olds. The clusters were tested for correlations with performance on the nonverbal tests (Block Design, BD; Matrix Reasoning, MT) of the Wechsler Scale of Intelligence for Children IV reflecting perceptual reasoning. RESULTS Cloningers' impulsiveness (TCI-R-I) score was significantly inversely associated with GM volume in left orbitofrontal cortex (OFC). Frontal clusters found were positively correlated with performance in perceptual reasoning tasks (Bonferroni corrected). No significant correlations between TCI-R-I and perceptual reasoning were observed. CONCLUSIONS The neural correlate of trait impulsiveness in the OFC matches an area where brain function has previously been related to inhibitory control. Additionally, orbitofrontal GM volume was associated with scores for perceptual reasoning. The data show for the first time structural correlates of both cognitive functioning and impulsiveness in healthy adolescent subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Schilling
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité University Medicine Campus Mitte, Berlin, Germany.
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Kühn S, Romanowski A, Schilling C, Mobascher A, Warbrick T, Winterer G, Gallinat J. Brain grey matter deficits in smokers: focus on the cerebellum. Brain Struct Funct 2011; 217:517-22. [PMID: 21909705 DOI: 10.1007/s00429-011-0346-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2011] [Accepted: 08/23/2011] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Structural cerebral deficiencies in smokers have been well characterized by morphometric investigations focussing on cortical and subcortical structures. Although the role of the cerebellum is increasingly noted in mental and addiction disorders, no reports exist regarding cerebellar alterations in smokers employing a methodology specifically designed to assess the cerebellar morphology. We acquired high-resolution MRI scans from 33 heavy smokers and 22 never-smokers and used a voxel-based morphometry (VBM) approach utilizing the Spatially Unbiased Infratentorial (SUIT) toolbox (Diedrichsen 2006) to provide an optimized and fine-grained exploration of cerebellar structural alterations associated with smoking. Relative to never-smokers, smokers showed significant reductions of grey matter volume in the right cerebellum Crus I. The grey matter volume in Crus I correlated negatively with the amount of nicotine dependence as assessed by means of the Fagerström scale. Since Crus I has been identified as the cognitive division of the cerebellum, the structural deficit may in part mediate cognitive deficits previously reported in smokers. Of note, the dependence-related magnitude of the volume deficit may support the notion that the cerebellum is substantially involved in core mechanisms of drug dependence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Kühn
- Charité University Medicine, St Hedwig Krankenhaus, Clinic for Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Berlin, Germany.
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Schilling C, Kühn S, Romanowski A, Schubert F, Kathmann N, Gallinat J. Cortical thickness correlates with impulsiveness in healthy adults. Neuroimage 2011; 59:824-30. [PMID: 21827861 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2011.07.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2011] [Revised: 07/18/2011] [Accepted: 07/19/2011] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Impulsiveness is a central domain of human personality and of relevance for the development of substance use and certain psychiatric disorders. This study investigates whether there are overlapping as well as distinct structural cerebral correlates of attentional, motor and nonplanning impulsiveness in healthy adults. METHODS High-resolution magnetic resonance scans were acquired in 32 healthy adults to model the gray-white and gray-cerebrospinal fluid borders for each individual cortex and to compute the distance of these surfaces as a measure of cortical thickness (CT). Associations between CT and the dimensions of impulsiveness (Barratt-Impulsiveness-Scale 11, BIS) were identified in entire cortex analyses. RESULTS We observed a significant negative correlation between left middle frontal gyrus (MFG) CT and the attention BIS score (FDR p<.05), motor, nonplanning and total BIS score (each p<0.001 uncorrected). In addition, CT of the orbitofrontal (OFC) and superior frontal gyrus (SFG) were inversely correlated (p<0.001 uncorrected) with BIS total and motor score. Among other negative associations only one positive correlation (right inferior temporal with nonplanning score, p<0.001 uncorrected) was found. CONCLUSIONS The MFG is crucial for top-down control, executive and attentional processes. The MFG together with the OFC and SFG appears to be part of brain structures, which have previously been shown to mediate behavioral inhibition, well-planned action and attention, which are core facets of impulsiveness as measured with the Barratt-Impulsiveness-Scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Schilling
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité University Medicine Campus Mitte, St. Hedwig Krankenhaus, Große Hamburger Str. 5-11, 10115 Berlin, Germany.
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Richter C, Romanowski A, Kienast T. [Gamma-hydroxybutyrat (GHB)-dependence and -withdrawal in the case of previous alcohol dependence]. Psychiatr Prax 2009; 36:345-347. [PMID: 19173170 DOI: 10.1055/s-0028-1090089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE gamma-Hydroxybutyrat (GHB) is used medically for narcolepsy and as a narcotic. It is also a rare illegal drug. In this case report the development of a GHB-dependency against the background of a primary alcohol dependency is described. METHODS Based on established alcohol withdrawal scales (AWSS by Wetterling, CIWA) and neuropsychological testing procedures (CGI, GAF, SKID-II, PISQ, analog-scale for Craving), the initial situation, the development of psychopathological findings, and the course of detoxification were shown. RESULTS/CONCLUSION The combined detoxication of GHB and alcohol was successfully finished by a reduction schedule of diazepam. Withdrawal-assessment scales for alcohol were helpful, but show limitations for GHB-withdrawal symptoms. The patient suffers, according to ICD-10, from a multiple drug dependence (alcohol, GHB, abstinence from amphetamines). Symptoms of insomnia, major depression, and generalized anxiety disorder can be associated with the use of GHB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Richter
- Klinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Charité Campus Mitte, Charité Universitätsmedizin, Berlin.
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Grudzien K, Romanowski A, Sankowski D, Williams RA. Gravitational Granular Flow Dynamics Study Based on Tomographic Data Processing. Particulate Science and Technology 2007. [DOI: 10.1080/02726350701759373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/30/2022]
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Stippich C, Romanowski A, Nennig E, Kress B, Sartor K. Time-efficient localization of the human secondary somatosensory cortex by functional magnetic resonance imaging. Neurosci Lett 2005; 381:264-8. [PMID: 15896481 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2005.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2004] [Revised: 02/03/2005] [Accepted: 02/04/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Standardized, robust and time-efficient localization of the human secondary somatosensory cortex (S2) is a challenge in clinical blood oxygen level dependent (BOLD) functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). A fully automated tactile stimulation was optimized in seven right-handed volunteers at 1.5 T for minimum scan time, high BOLD signals and robust localization of S2 by systematically varying the applied block-design. All volunteers had six different fMRI measurements of five stimulation-baseline-cycles (sbc) each with equal block duration that was changed between the measurements from 6 s to 30 s. Additional data sets of 4, 3 and 2 cycles were generated post hoc resulting in a total of 168 data sets that were evaluated individually for BOLD-signal intensity (dS%), correlation to the hemodynamic reference function (r) and Euclidean coordinates (x, y, z). Using different block-designs the S2 activation was highly variable regarding the localization rate (lr), the hemispheric symmetry and the BOLD-signals. The protocol with 3 cycles, a block duration (dp) of 15 s and a total scan time (dt) of 105 s most robustly localized S2 (contralateral: lr=71.4%, r=0.65, dS=1.01%; ipsilateral: lr=100%, r=0.6, dS=1.14%) whereas the most time-efficient protocol to localize SI (sbc=5, dp=6 s, dt=66 s) provided no robust localization of S2. Compared to other published fMRI protocols a scan time reduction up to 86% was achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Stippich
- Division of Neuroradiology, Department of Neurology, University of Heidelberg Medical Center, Im Neuenheimer Feld 400, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
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Stippich C, Romanowski A, Nennig E, Kress B, Hähnel S, Sartor K. Fully automated localization of the human primary somatosensory cortex in one minute by functional magnetic resonance imaging. Neurosci Lett 2004; 364:90-3. [PMID: 15196684 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2004.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2004] [Revised: 03/12/2004] [Accepted: 04/05/2004] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
A clinical functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) protocol based on a fully automated tactile stimulation was optimized in 10 right-handed volunteers at 1.5 T for minimum scan time, high BOLD-signals and robust localization of the primary somatosensory cortex (S1) by systematically varying the applied block design. All volunteers had six different fMRI measurements of 5 stimulation/baseline cycles each with equal block duration that was changed between the measurements from 6 to 30 s. Data sets of 4, 3 and 2 cycles were generated post hoc resulting in a total of 240 data sets that were evaluated individually for BOLD-signal intensity (dS%), correlation to the hemodynamic reference function (r) and Euclidean coordinates (x, y, z). The protocol with 5 cycles, a block duration of 6 s and a total scan time of 66 s provided the best BOLD-signal characteristics (dS% = 1.15, r = 0.78). Compared to the mean scan time of other clinical fMRI protocols (174 s) a reduction of 62% was achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Stippich
- Division of Neuroradiology, Department of Neurology, University of Heidelberg Medical Center, Im Neuenheimer Feld 400, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
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Zimoń T, Walczak M, Fydryk J, Materna-Kiryluk A, Mejnartowicz J, Latos-Bieleńska A, Ronin-Walknowska E, Czajka R, Chosia M, Gawrych E, Baryła-Pankiewicz E, Zajaczek S, Rudnicki J, Hulak A, Chrystyniak H, Romanowski A, Staroniewska I. Prevalence and forms of congenital anomalies in twins born in Pomeranian District during the period from 1.07.1997 to 31.12.1998. Polish Register of Congenital Anomalies. Acta Genet Med Gemellol (Roma) 2000; 47:255-9. [PMID: 10916571 DOI: 10.1017/s0001566000000180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The authors have analysed the frequency and structure of congenital anomalies in children born in the Pomeranian district in the period from 01.07.1997 to 31.12.1998. Among a total of 28.361 births in that area, 748 (2.64%) were affected by congenital anomalies. Among 28.361 births, 620 (2.18%) were from multiple pregnancies. 23 (3.71%) among births from multiple pregnancies were affected by congenital malformations. The prevalence rate of inborn anomalies in births from multiple pregnancy in our area were higher (3.71%) in comparison to births from singleton pregnancy (2.61%). It implies that children born from multiple pregnancy are at higher risk of developing congenital anomalies.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Zimoń
- Department of Paediatrics Pomeranian Medical Academy, Szczecin
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Olivera A, Romanowski A, Rani CS, Spiegel S. Differential effects of sphingomyelinase and cell-permeable ceramide analogs on proliferation of Swiss 3T3 fibroblasts. Biochim Biophys Acta 1997; 1348:311-23. [PMID: 9366247 DOI: 10.1016/s0005-2760(97)00067-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Metabolites of sphingomyelin, ceramide and sphingosine, have previously been implicated in cell growth regulation. Here we show that cell-permeable ceramide analogs and treatment with sphingomyelinase, which hydrolyzes sphingomyelin located on the outer leaflet of the bilayer, increase the progression of quiescent Swiss 3T3 fibroblasts through the S phase of the cell cycle leading to an increase in cell division. Although both potentiate the mitogenic effects of several growth factors [14], sphingomyelinase treatment antagonized the mitogenic effect of the tumor promoter, 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate (TPA), while ceramide analogs had no effect, and sphingosine, a further metabolite of ceramide, potentiated the mitogenic effect of TPA. Concomitantly, sphingomyelinase, but not ceramide analogs, blunted the rapid increase in membrane-associated protein kinase C (PKC) activity induced by TPA without affecting the translocation of PKC alpha, delta, epsilon or zeta isoforms. Moreover, in contrast to sphingosine which activates phospholipase D (PLD) leading to an increase in phosphatidic acid levels, sphingomyelinase, but not ceramide analogs, reduced TPA-stimulated PLD activity. Our results suggest that the signaling pathways utilized by sphingomyelinase differ from those of cell-permeable ceramide analogs, and both act differently than sphingosine. The differential effects of exogenous short-chain ceramide analogs and sphingomyelinase call for caution in using these analogs as tools to study the role of ceramide in diverse cellular functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Olivera
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Georgetown University, Medical Center, Washington, DC 20007, USA
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Romanowski A. Prophylactic use of apraclonidine for intraocular pressure increase after Nd:YAG Capsulotomies. Am J Ophthalmol 1992; 114:377-9. [PMID: 1355949 DOI: 10.1016/s0002-9394(14)71815-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Romanowski A. The effect of the Keyes technique on the structure and function of oral mucosa. J Am Dent Assoc 1986; 112:173-5. [PMID: 3005383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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Abstract
We describe the characterization of a mutation of the locus GLR1. This mutation allowed for (i) the glucose repression-insensitive synthesis ot the enzymes maltase, galactokinase, alpha-galactosidase, reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide-cytochrome c reductase, and cytochrome c oxidase and (ii) growth on maltose in the presence of the gratuitous glucose repressor D-glucosamine. The glucosamine resistance cosegregated with the glucose-insensitive synthesis of the enzymes listed above. In addition, crosses between the glucosamine-resistant mutant and isogenic sensitive strains gave only tetrads containing two resistant and two sensitive spores. Thus, a single pleiotropic mutation is responsible for both phenotypes. We call the locus GLR1, for glucose regulation, and the glucose repression-insensitive mutation glr1-1.
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