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Raja AI, Nicholls G, Coldwell M, van Veldhoven K, Sandys V, Atkinson B, Nicholls I, Spencer A, Graham A, Higgins H, Atchison C, Keen C, Fletcher T, Pearce N, Brickley EB, Chen Y. A SARS-CoV-2 outbreak investigation at a storage and distribution centre in England: an assessment of worker- and workplace-related risk factors. Sci Rep 2024; 14:9561. [PMID: 38671031 PMCID: PMC11053053 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-60194-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
An outbreak of SARS-CoV-2 (1 March to 10 May 2021) with an attack rate of 26.5% among approximately 1150 workers at a storage and distribution centre in England prompted a multidisciplinary outbreak investigation (5 May to 6 August 2021), with the aim of better understanding worker- and workplace-related risk factors for viral transmission in the warehousing sector. Overall, environmental factors (e.g., ventilation, humidity and temperature) were assessed to be appropriate at the facility. Nevertheless, 39 (51.3%) surface samples from across the site tested positive for low/ very low levels of SARS-CoV-2 RNA (Ct value ≥ 32.0 for all). Among the study participants, of whom 35.6% were confirmed or suspected cases, 95.5% reported having received COVID-19 prevention training, 100.0% reported handwashing, and 80.0% reported use of face coverings at work. Notably, 43.9% and 19.0% reported working with a symptomatic and a positive contact respectively. Furthermore, 80.5% and 46.3% had concerns regarding reduction in their income and future unemployment, respectively, due to self-isolation. The findings of this study suggest that, in addition to targeted workplace infection control measures and tailored work area specific risk assessments, an enhanced and equitable sick leave policy may help limit presenteeism and viral transmission in large workplaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amber I Raja
- Health Equity Action Lab, Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | | | | | - Karin van Veldhoven
- Department of Non-Communicable Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Vince Sandys
- Science Division, Health and Safety Executive, Buxton, UK
| | - Barry Atkinson
- Research and Evaluation, UK Health Security Agency, Porton Down, Salisbury, UK
| | - Ian Nicholls
- Research and Evaluation, UK Health Security Agency, Porton Down, Salisbury, UK
| | - Antony Spencer
- Research and Evaluation, UK Health Security Agency, Porton Down, Salisbury, UK
| | - Alice Graham
- Rapid Investigation Team, Field Services, UK Health Security Agency, Wellington House, London, UK
| | - Hannah Higgins
- Rapid Investigation Team, Field Services, UK Health Security Agency, Wellington House, London, UK
| | - Christina Atchison
- Rapid Investigation Team, Field Services, UK Health Security Agency, Wellington House, London, UK
| | - Chris Keen
- Science Division, Health and Safety Executive, Buxton, UK
| | - Tony Fletcher
- Chemical and Environmental Effects Department, UK Health Security Agency, Chilton, UK
| | - Neil Pearce
- Department of Medical Statistics, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Elizabeth B Brickley
- Health Equity Action Lab, Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Yiqun Chen
- Science Division, Health and Safety Executive, Buxton, UK.
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Skidmore N, Ryan C, Mankelow J, Bradford C, Graham A, Martin D. Exploring the potential of virtual reality for the self-management of chronic pain: A scoping review of its use to address health literacy. Musculoskelet Sci Pract 2024; 72:102962. [PMID: 38703701 DOI: 10.1016/j.msksp.2024.102962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Individuals with low health literacy struggle to manage long-term conditions. Addressing pain-related health competencies is important in the management of chronic pain. Virtual reality may be a useful tool for empowering sustainable health-related stratgies due to its unique ability to engage users in artificial environments. OBJECTIVES The aim of this scoping review was to explore existing research on the use of virtual reality as a tool to promote health literacy in people with chronic pain. DESIGN Scoping Review guided by framework proposed by Arksey & O'Malley. METHOD Articles related to "pain", "virtual reality" and "health literacy" were searched in four electronic databases: CINAHL, PubMed, Embase and PsycINFO using a formal search strategy. Studies were categorised based on intervention content using the Health Literacy Pathway Model which encompasses health knowledge, self-management skills, health communication and information seeking. RESULTS Thirteen studies met the inclusion criteria. Several elements of pain related health literacy were not addressed in the research. Interventions addressed health knowledge, self-management skills, decision making and featured content aiming to address emotional barriers to pain-related health literacy. Other components including active information seeking and use, actively communicating with health professionals and seeking and negotiating treatment options, were not explicitly addressed. CONCLUSION There is heterogeneity in existing research exploring the use of VR to support people with chronic pain. Existing VR tools to address pain-related health literacy do not cover several key components of health literacy. More research is required before a robust assessment of efficacy can be undertaken.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Skidmore
- Centre for Rehabilitation, School of Health and Life Sciences, Teesside University, Middlesbrough, Tees Valley, TS1 3BX, United Kingdom.
| | - C Ryan
- Centre for Rehabilitation, School of Health and Life Sciences, Teesside University, Middlesbrough, Tees Valley, TS1 3BX, United Kingdom.
| | - J Mankelow
- Centre for Rehabilitation, School of Health and Life Sciences, Teesside University, Middlesbrough, Tees Valley, TS1 3BX, United Kingdom.
| | - C Bradford
- Centre for Rehabilitation, School of Health and Life Sciences, Teesside University, Middlesbrough, Tees Valley, TS1 3BX, United Kingdom.
| | - A Graham
- Centre for Rehabilitation, School of Health and Life Sciences, Teesside University, Middlesbrough, Tees Valley, TS1 3BX, United Kingdom.
| | - D Martin
- Centre for Rehabilitation, School of Health and Life Sciences, Teesside University, Middlesbrough, Tees Valley, TS1 3BX, United Kingdom; NIHR Applied Research Collaboration for the North East and Cumbria, United Kingdom.
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Hermosillo RJM, Moore LA, Feczko E, Miranda-Domínguez Ó, Pines A, Dworetsky A, Conan G, Mooney MA, Randolph A, Graham A, Adeyemo B, Earl E, Perrone A, Carrasco CM, Uriarte-Lopez J, Snider K, Doyle O, Cordova M, Koirala S, Grimsrud GJ, Byington N, Nelson SM, Gratton C, Petersen S, Feldstein Ewing SW, Nagel BJ, Dosenbach NUF, Satterthwaite TD, Fair DA. A precision functional atlas of personalized network topography and probabilities. Nat Neurosci 2024:10.1038/s41593-024-01596-5. [PMID: 38532024 DOI: 10.1038/s41593-024-01596-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
Although the general location of functional neural networks is similar across individuals, there is vast person-to-person topographic variability. To capture this, we implemented precision brain mapping functional magnetic resonance imaging methods to establish an open-source, method-flexible set of precision functional network atlases-the Masonic Institute for the Developing Brain (MIDB) Precision Brain Atlas. This atlas is an evolving resource comprising 53,273 individual-specific network maps, from more than 9,900 individuals, across ages and cohorts, including the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development study, the Developmental Human Connectome Project and others. We also generated probabilistic network maps across multiple ages and integration zones (using a new overlapping mapping technique, Overlapping MultiNetwork Imaging). Using regions of high network invariance improved the reproducibility of executive function statistical maps in brain-wide associations compared to group average-based parcellations. Finally, we provide a potential use case for probabilistic maps for targeted neuromodulation. The atlas is expandable to alternative datasets with an online interface encouraging the scientific community to explore and contribute to understanding the human brain function more precisely.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert J M Hermosillo
- Masonic Institute for the Developing Brain, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
| | - Lucille A Moore
- Masonic Institute for the Developing Brain, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Eric Feczko
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Óscar Miranda-Domínguez
- Masonic Institute for the Developing Brain, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Adam Pines
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Penn Lifespan Informatics and Neuroimaging Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Ally Dworetsky
- Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Psychology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
- Department of Psychology, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA
| | - Gregory Conan
- Masonic Institute for the Developing Brain, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Michael A Mooney
- Department of Psychiatry, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
- Department of Medical Informatics and Clinical Epidemiology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
- Center for Mental Health Innovation, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Anita Randolph
- Masonic Institute for the Developing Brain, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Alice Graham
- Department of Psychiatry, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Babatunde Adeyemo
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Eric Earl
- Data Science and Sharing Team, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Anders Perrone
- Masonic Institute for the Developing Brain, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Cristian Morales Carrasco
- Masonic Institute for the Developing Brain, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | | | - Kathy Snider
- Department of Psychiatry, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Olivia Doyle
- Department of Psychiatry, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Michaela Cordova
- Joint Doctoral Program in Clinical Psychology, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, USA
- Joint Doctoral Program in Clinical Psychology, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Sanju Koirala
- Masonic Institute for the Developing Brain, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
- Institute of Child Development, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Gracie J Grimsrud
- Masonic Institute for the Developing Brain, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Nora Byington
- Masonic Institute for the Developing Brain, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Steven M Nelson
- Masonic Institute for the Developing Brain, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Caterina Gratton
- Department of Psychology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
- Department of Psychology, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Steven Petersen
- Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | | | - Bonnie J Nagel
- Department of Psychiatry, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Nico U F Dosenbach
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Theodore D Satterthwaite
- Penn Lifespan Informatics and Neuroimaging Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Damien A Fair
- Masonic Institute for the Developing Brain, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
- Institute of Child Development, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
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Graham A, Hawkins L, Balasegaram S, Narasimhan S, Wain J, Clarke J, Manuel R. A decade of Campylobacter and Campylobacter bacteraemias in a district general hospital and the surrounding London and South East region, England. J Infect 2024; 88:15-20. [PMID: 37995801 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinf.2023.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Campylobacter bacteraemia is a rare complication of the most common bacterial gastrointestinal infection but is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. There is limited data describing current trends in surveillance and antimicrobial resistance for the Campylobacter strains involved. At the Epsom and St Helier's University Hospital (ESTH), we noted a marked increase in Campylobacter bacteraemia infections in 2021. METHODS We extracted Campylobacter reports using the UK Health Security Agency's (UKHSA) Second Generation Surveillance System (laboratory reporting system) between 1st January 2012 and 31st December 2021. We reviewed patient records of patients with Campylobacter bacteraemia for details including presentation, past medical history, duration of hospital stay, and antibiotic use. RESULTS Between 2012 and 2021, ESTH reported a total of 34 cases of Campylobacter bacteraemia. In 2021, the estimated incidence was 6.8 cases per 100,000 population and in the surrounding area, the incidence was 0.4 per 100,000 population. The incidence rate of Campylobacter bacteraemia in London and the South East region was significantly lower than ESTH (RR = 0.17, p < 0.0001). Campylobacter bacteraemia cases at ESTH reported a high number of co-morbidities (average number of comorbidities = 2.3) and had a duration of stay in hospital of a median of 7 days (IQR = 4-10 days). Campylobacter jejuni was the most commonly reported species for stool and blood Campylobacter in ESTH, London, and South East England. CONCLUSION Campylobacter bacteraemia reports at ESTH were significantly (p < 0.001) higher than the surrounding London and South East region. While no common cause for the exceedance of Campylobacter bacteraemia has been identified, common risk factors for Campylobacter bacteraemia infection include underlying health conditions, being older, and male.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Graham
- Field Service London and South East, UK Health Security Agency, Nobel House, London, United Kingdom
| | - Lois Hawkins
- Department of Infection, Epsom and St Heliers' University Hospitals, Carshalton, United Kingdom
| | - Sooria Balasegaram
- Field Service London and South East, UK Health Security Agency, Nobel House, London, United Kingdom
| | - Subha Narasimhan
- Department of Infection, Epsom and St Heliers' University Hospitals, Carshalton, United Kingdom
| | - John Wain
- Quadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, United Kingdom; Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia (UEA), Norwich, United Kingdom
| | - John Clarke
- Field Service London and South East, UK Health Security Agency, Nobel House, London, United Kingdom; Department of Infection, Epsom and St Heliers' University Hospitals, Carshalton, United Kingdom; Quadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, United Kingdom; Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia (UEA), Norwich, United Kingdom
| | - Rohini Manuel
- Field Service London and South East, UK Health Security Agency, Nobel House, London, United Kingdom; Department of Infection, Epsom and St Heliers' University Hospitals, Carshalton, United Kingdom.
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Doyle O, Wood EK, Sullivan EL, Mackiewicz-Seghete K, Graham A, Gustafsson HC. COVID-19 pandemic-related trauma symptoms are associated with postpartum alcohol consumption. Gen Hosp Psychiatry 2023; 85:19-27. [PMID: 37729720 PMCID: PMC10841071 DOI: 10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2023.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The COVID-19 pandemic has led to escalations in substance use, including alcohol consumption. Of particular concern are the potential impacts during the postpartum period, a time of heightened vulnerability to stress and potential transmission of the negative sequelae of substance use to offspring. However, postpartum alcohol consumption during the COVID-19 pandemic has not been well characterized. METHOD Postpartum drinking habits and COVID-19-related stress were repeatedly assessed (every two weeks for 12 weeks, and at one-, six-, and 12-months postpartum) from N = 378 individuals during the COVID-19 pandemic. Average alcohol use trajectories as well as heterogeneity in trajectories were characterized. COVID-19-related trauma symptoms and coping were examined in relation to alcohol use over time. RESULTS Average postpartum alcohol use included an initial quadratic increase from one-to-four-months postpartum, followed by a plateau between four-to-12-months. Higher (15.08%), moderate (26.90%), and lower consumption (57.90%) subgroups were identified. Endorsement of COVID-19-related trauma symptoms and using alcohol to cope with stress predicted higher consumption. CONCLUSIONS Findings suggest a potential sensitive period in establishing postpartum alcohol use patterns from one-to-four-months postpartum. Findings further suggest that postpartum alcohol use is heterogenous and that individual response to major traumatic stressors, like the COVID-19 pandemic, may influence emerging patterns of postpartum alcohol use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivia Doyle
- Psychiatry Department, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA.
| | - Elizabeth K Wood
- Psychiatry Department, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA.
| | - Elinor L Sullivan
- Psychiatry Department, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA.
| | | | - Alice Graham
- Psychiatry Department, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA.
| | - Hanna C Gustafsson
- Psychiatry Department, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA.
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Bray N, Blomquist P, Hardstaff J, Jarvis C, Melchin D, Turner C, Graham A, Balasegaram S, Vivancos R. Did anonymity in self-administered questionnaires improve disclosure of sensitive information during the 2022 mpox outbreak in England? An observational study. Lancet 2023; 402 Suppl 1:S29. [PMID: 37997069 DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(23)02121-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Between May 6, 2022, and Jan 16, 2023, 3555 mpox cases were reported in England, predominantly in gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men. Initially, the UK Health Security agency administered questionnaires to laboratory-detected cases via telephone calls. From June, 2022, cases were requested by text or email to complete the questionnaire online, with optional anonymous completion. To inform future approaches, we assess whether anonymity improved disclosure of sensitive information. METHODS In this observational study we analysed questionnaire data completed by people with a laboratory-detected case of mpox. We included questionnaires that were completed from May 25, 2022, to Jan 16, 2023, and restricted them to anonymous or identifiable self-completed responses. Questionnaires with forename, surname, and birth date, or an ID emailed to participants, which therefore could link to laboratory data, were considered identifiable. Questionnaires without any personal identifiable information were considered anonymous. We compared the responses to seven sensitive risk factor or exposure questions using Pearson's χ2. FINDINGS All 3555 people diagnosed with mpox infection in England were invited to complete the questionnaire through either phone call or web link.We obtained 1075 (30%) completed questionnaires, with a response rate decreasing from 45% in May to 20% in July 2022. We included 531 self-completed questionnaires in this analysis, of which 259 (49%) were anonymous and 272 (51%) were identifiable. The median age of participants was 39 years, with 514 (97%) men, 12 (2%) women, and five (1%) other. The largest ethnic groups were white (79%; n=422) and mixed or multiple ethnic groups (9%; n=47). Results of all seven questions were similar: 98% (n=254/259) of anonymous and 97% (n=265/272) of identifiable cases answered all seven questions, 49% (n=127) and 54% (n=147) reported a sexually transmitted infection diagnosis in the past 12 months (p=0·2), 24% (n=63) and 27% (n=73) reported ten or more sexual partners in the past 3 months (p=0·8), and 15% (n=38) and 18% (n=50) reported knowing another person with mpox infection (p=0·5), respectively. INTERPRETATION Transitioning to self-completed questionnaires resulted in reduced uptake, although optional anonymity possibly prevented a steeper drop. Anonymity did not appear to affect reporting of sensitive information, specifically of sexual behaviours or history associated with mpox risk, which reinforces results of previous literature. Our interpretation is limited, however, by relatively low questionnaire uptake, and by only analysing reported rather than true risk. The decision to implement anonymous questionnaires should therefore weigh the potential benefits of increased uptake against the disadvantage of restricted data linkage. FUNDING None.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neil Bray
- UK Health Security Agency, London, UK.
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Doyle O, Graham A, Gustafsson H, Seghete KM. B - 58 Cognitive Emotion Regulation as a Mediator between Childhood Trauma and Parenting Stress. Arch Clin Neuropsychol 2023; 38:1422-1423. [PMID: 37807440 DOI: 10.1093/arclin/acad067.264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Determine the relationship between adverse childhood events (ACE), emotion regulation (ER) during the perinatal period, and parenting stress. METHOD Pregnant individuals were recruited through an electronic medical record database and word of mouth as part of the COVID-19 and Perinatal Experiences Study to complete online surveys about their experiences during the COVID-19 pandemic. Longitudinal data were collected from 349 participants from pregnancy through 12 months postpartum. A structural equation modeling approach was utilized to assess ACEs and ER's direct and indirect effects on parenting stress. A path mediation model was utilized. Models were estimated using Mplus 8.8. Missing data were handled using full information maximum likelihood. RESULTS Latent factors of cognitive reappraisal (CR) and expressive suppression were independently modeled as the mediators between ACES and parenting stress. The expressive suppression model showed good fit (CFI = 0.982; TLI = 0.966; SRMR = 0.039), and the CR model showed adequate fit (CFI = 0.911; TLI = 0.86; SRMR = 0.047). There was a significant positive effect of ACEs on expressive suppression (β = 0.104, 95% CI [0.048, 0.159], p = 0.002) and expressive suppression on parenting stress (β = 0.098, 95% CI [0.032, 0.164], p = 0.015). We found a significant negative effect of ACEs on CR (β = -0.061, 95% CI [-0.110, -0.013], p = 0.039) (Fig. 1). and of CR on parenting stress (β = -0.101, 95% CI [-0.167, -0.013], p = 0.013) (Fig. 2). CONCLUSIONS This analysis supports the hypothesis that experiencing adverse events during childhood can impact parenting stress through a change in both adaptive and maladaptive cognitive emotion regulation strategies.
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Cabral L, Calabro FJ, Rasmussen J, Foran W, Moore LA, Graham A, O'Connor TG, Wadhwa PD, Entringer S, Fair D, Buss C, Panigrahy A, Luna B. Gestational and postnatal age associations for striatal tissue iron deposition in early infancy. Dev Cogn Neurosci 2023; 63:101286. [PMID: 37549453 PMCID: PMC10423888 DOI: 10.1016/j.dcn.2023.101286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Striatal development is crucial for later motor, cognitive, and reward behavior, but age-related change in striatal physiology during the neonatal period remains understudied. An MRI-based measure of tissue iron deposition, T2*, is a non-invasive way to probe striatal physiology neonatally, linked to dopaminergic processing and cognition in children and adults. Striatal subregions have distinct functions that may come online at different time periods in early life. To identify if there are critical periods before or after birth, we measured if striatal iron accrued with gestational age at birth [range= 34.57-41.85 weeks] or postnatal age at scan [range= 5-64 days], using MRI to probe the T2* signal in N = 83 neonates in three striatal subregions. We found iron increased with postnatal age in the pallidum and putamen but not the caudate. No significant relationship between iron and gestational age was observed. Using a subset of infants scanned at preschool age (N = 26), we show distributions of iron shift between time points. In infants, the pallidum had the least iron of the three regions but had the most by preschool age. Together, this provides evidence of distinct change for striatal subregions, a possible differentiation between motor and cognitive systems, identifying a mechanism that may impact future trajectories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Cabral
- Department of Radiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
| | - Finnegan J Calabro
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Jerod Rasmussen
- Development, Health and Disease Research Program, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Will Foran
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Lucille A Moore
- Masonic Institute for the Developing Brain, University of Minnesota, USA
| | - Alice Graham
- Department of Psychiatry, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Thomas G O'Connor
- Departments of Psychiatry, Neuroscience, and Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Pathik D Wadhwa
- Development, Health, and Disease Research Program, Departments of Pediatrics, Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Obstetrics and Gynecology, and Epidemiology, University of California, Irvine, School of Medicine, Irvine, CA, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of California, Irvine, School of Medicine, Orange, CA, USA; Departments of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Obstetrics and Gynecology, and Epidemiology, University of California, Irvine, School of Medicine, Orange, CA, USA
| | - Sonja Entringer
- Development, Health, and Disease Research Program, Departments of Pediatrics, Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Obstetrics and Gynecology, and Epidemiology, University of California, Irvine, School of Medicine, Irvine, CA, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of California, Irvine, School of Medicine, Orange, CA, USA; Institute of Medical Psychology, Charité- Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Damien Fair
- Masonic Institute for the Developing Brain, University of Minnesota, USA
| | - Claudia Buss
- Development, Health, and Disease Research Program, Departments of Pediatrics, Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Obstetrics and Gynecology, and Epidemiology, University of California, Irvine, School of Medicine, Irvine, CA, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of California, Irvine, School of Medicine, Orange, CA, USA; Institute of Medical Psychology, Charité- Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ashok Panigrahy
- Department of Radiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Beatriz Luna
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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Mankelow J, Ravindran D, Graham A, Suri S, Pate JW, Ryan CG, Martin D. An evaluation of a one-day pain science education event in a high school setting targeting pain related beliefs, knowledge, and behavioural intentions. Musculoskelet Sci Pract 2023; 66:102818. [PMID: 37418949 DOI: 10.1016/j.msksp.2023.102818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Persistent pain is a common condition affecting one in four UK adults. Public understanding of pain is limited. Delivering pain education within schools may improve public understanding in the longer term. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the impact of a one-day Pain Science Education (PSE) event on sixth form/high school students' pain beliefs, knowledge and behavioural intention. METHODS Exploratory, single-site, mixed-methods, single-arm study involving secondary school students ≥16 years old attending a one-day PSE event. Outcome measures included the Pain Beliefs Questionnaire (PBQ), Concepts of Pain Inventory (COPI-ADULT), a vignette to assess pain behaviours; and thematic analysis of semi-structured interviews. RESULTS Ninety (mean age 16.5 years, 74% female) of the 114 attendees, agreed to participate in the evaluation. PBQ scores improved on the Organic beliefs subscale [mean difference -5.9 (95% CI -6.8, -5.0), P < 0.01] and Psychosocial Beliefs subscale [1.6 (1.0, 2.2) P < 0.01]. The COPI-Adult revealed an improvement [7.1 (6.0-8.1) points, P < 0.01] between baseline and post intervention. Pain behavioural intentions improved post education for work, exercise, and bed rest related activities (p < 0.05). Thematic analysis of interviews (n = 3) identified increased awareness of chronic pain and its underpinning biology, beliefs that pain education should be widely available, and that pain management should be holistic. CONCLUSIONS A one-day PSE public health event can improve pain beliefs, knowledge and behavioural intentions in high school students and increase openness to holistic management. Future controlled studies are needed to confirm these results and investigate potential long-term impacts.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Mankelow
- Centre for Rehabilitation, School of Health and Life Sciences, Teesside University, UK; Pain Education Team Aspiring Better Learning (PETAL), Australia; Pain Education Team Aspiring Better Learning (PETAL), UK.
| | - D Ravindran
- Centre for Rehabilitation, School of Health and Life Sciences, Teesside University, UK; Royal Berkshire NHS Foundation Trust, UK; Pain Education Team Aspiring Better Learning (PETAL), Australia; Pain Education Team Aspiring Better Learning (PETAL), UK
| | - A Graham
- Centre for Rehabilitation, School of Health and Life Sciences, Teesside University, UK
| | - S Suri
- Centre for Rehabilitation, School of Health and Life Sciences, Teesside University, UK; NIHR Applied Research Collaboration for the North East and North Cumbria, Newcastle Upon Tyne, England, UK
| | - J W Pate
- Graduate School of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; Pain Education Team Aspiring Better Learning (PETAL), Australia; Pain Education Team Aspiring Better Learning (PETAL), UK
| | - C G Ryan
- Centre for Rehabilitation, School of Health and Life Sciences, Teesside University, UK; Pain Education Team Aspiring Better Learning (PETAL), Australia; Pain Education Team Aspiring Better Learning (PETAL), UK
| | - D Martin
- Centre for Rehabilitation, School of Health and Life Sciences, Teesside University, UK; NIHR Applied Research Collaboration for the North East and North Cumbria, Newcastle Upon Tyne, England, UK; Graduate School of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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Leng QL, Lo JO, Rakshe S, Hildebrand AD, Doyle OJ, Seghete KM, Graham A. The association between preconception cannabis use and depression and anxiety during pregnancy. Gen Hosp Psychiatry 2023; 83:148-155. [PMID: 37196406 PMCID: PMC10428863 DOI: 10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2023.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Cannabis use among individuals of reproductive age has increased with cannabis legalization and heightened stress during the COVID-19 pandemic. Our study provides data on preconception cannabis use and cannabis use disorder (CUD) during the pandemic and models the association between preconception cannabis use and depression and anxiety during pregnancy. METHODS Data on substance use and depression and anxiety symptoms were collected from questionnaires and the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-5 (SCID-5) from pregnant individuals in Oregon in 2019-2022. Linear regression was used to model the association between the frequency of preconception cannabis use and scores on the Center for Epidemiological Studies of Depression-Revised (CESD-R) and Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI). RESULTS The prevalence of preconception cannabis use was 27.8% among 227 study participants. CUD was diagnosed in 19% of cannabis users, or 5.3% of the overall sample. Daily cannabis use, compared to rare/never use, was associated with increases in CESD-R (β = 6.22, p 0.029) and BAI (β = 4.71, p 0.045) scores. CONCLUSIONS Cannabis use and CUD are common among individuals of reproductive age. Given the association between preconception cannabis use and depression and anxiety during pregnancy, more attention is needed on screening and counseling of cannabis use among people of reproductive age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Liya Leng
- Center for Veteran Involvement in Care, VA Portland Healthcare System, Portland, OR, USA.
| | - Jamie O Lo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Oregon Health & Science University; Portland, OR, USA
| | - Shauna Rakshe
- Knight Cancer Institute Biostatistics Shared Resource and OHSU-PSU School of Public Health, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Andrea D Hildebrand
- Biostatistics & Design Program, OHSU/PSU School of Public Health, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Olivia J Doyle
- Department of Psychiatry, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | | | - Alice Graham
- Department of Psychiatry, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
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11
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Cabral L, Calabro F, Rasmussen J, Foran W, Moore LA, Graham A, O'Connor TG, Wadhwa PD, Entringer S, Fair D, Buss C, Panigrahy A, Luna B. Gestational and postnatal age associations for striatal tissue iron deposition in early infancy. bioRxiv 2023:2023.06.30.547249. [PMID: 37425933 PMCID: PMC10327226 DOI: 10.1101/2023.06.30.547249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
Striatal development is crucial for later motor, cognitive, and reward behavior, but age-related change in striatal physiology during the neonatal period remains understudied. An MRI-based measure of tissue iron deposition, T2*, is a non-invasive way to probe striatal physiology neonatally, linked to dopaminergic processing and cognition in children and adults. Striatal subregions have distinct functions that may come online at different time periods in early life. To identify if there are critical periods before or after birth, we measured if striatal iron accrued with gestational age at birth [range=34.57-41.85 weeks] or postnatal age at scan [range=5-64 days], using MRI to probe the T2* signal in N=83 neonates in three striatal subregions. We found iron increased with postnatal age in the pallidum and putamen but not the caudate. No significant relationship between iron and gestational age was observed. Using a subset of infants scanned at preschool age (N=26), we show distributions of iron shift between timepoints. In infants, the pallidum had the least iron of the three regions but had the most by preschool age. Together, this provides evidence of distinct change for striatal subregions, a possible differentiation between motor and cognitive systems, identifying a mechanism that may impact future trajectories. Highlights Neonatal striatal tissue iron can be measured using the T2* signal from rsfMRInT2* changed with postnatal age in the pallidum and putamen but not in the caudatenT2* did not change with gestational age in any of the three regionsPatterns of iron deposition (nT2*) among regions shift from infancy to preschool.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Cabral
- Department of Radiology University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Finn Calabro
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Jerod Rasmussen
- Development, Health and Disease Research Program, University of California, Irvine, California, USA 92697
| | - Will Foran
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Luci A Moore
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA 14642
| | - Alice Graham
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, 97239, United States
| | - Thomas G O'Connor
- Departments of Psychiatry, Neuroscience, and Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York, USA 14642
| | - Pathik D Wadhwa
- Development, Health and Disease Research Program, University of California, Irvine, California, USA 92697
| | - Sonja Entringer
- Development, Health and Disease Research Program, University of California, Irvine, California, USA 92697
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Department of Medical Psychology, Berlin, Germany
| | - Damien Fair
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA 14642
| | - Claudia Buss
- Development, Health and Disease Research Program, University of California, Irvine, California, USA 92697
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Department of Medical Psychology, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ashok Panigrahy
- Department of Radiology University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Beatriz Luna
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
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Graham A, Raja AI, van Veldhoven K, Nicholls G, Simpson A, Atkinson B, Nicholls I, Higgins H, Cooke J, Bennett A, Morgan D, Keen C, Fletcher T, Pearce N, Atchison C, Brickley EB, Chen Y. A SARS-CoV-2 outbreak in a plastics manufacturing plant. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:1077. [PMID: 37277762 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-16025-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A SARS-CoV-2 outbreak with an attack rate of 14.3% was reported at a plastics manufacturing plant in England. METHODS Between 23rd March and 13th May 2021, the COVID-OUT team undertook a comprehensive outbreak investigation, including environmental assessment, surface sampling, molecular and serological testing, and detailed questionnaires, to identify potential SARS-CoV-2 transmission routes, and workplace- and worker-related risk factors. RESULTS While ventilation, indicated using real-time CO2 proxy measures, was generally adequate on-site, the technical office with the highest localized attack rate (21.4%) frequently reached peaks in CO2 of 2100ppm. SARS-CoV-2 RNA was found in low levels (Ct ≥35) in surface samples collected across the site. High noise levels (79dB) were recorded in the main production area, and study participants reported having close work contacts (73.1%) and sharing tools (75.5%). Only 20.0% of participants reported using a surgical mask and/or FFP2/FFP3 respirator at least half the time and 71.0% expressed concerns regarding potential pay decreases and/or unemployment due to self-isolation or workplace closure. CONCLUSIONS The findings reinforce the importance of enhanced infection control measures in manufacturing sectors, including improved ventilation with possible consideration of CO2 monitoring, utilising air cleaning interventions in enclosed environments, and provision of good-quality face masks (i.e., surgical masks or FFP2/FFP3 respirators) especially when social distancing cannot be maintained. Further research on the impacts of job security-related concerns is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Graham
- Rapid Investigation Team, Field Services, UK Health Security Agency, Wellington House, London, UK
| | - Amber I Raja
- Health Equity Action Lab, Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Karin van Veldhoven
- Department of Non-communicable Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | | | - Andrew Simpson
- Science Division, Health and Safety Executive, Buxton, UK
| | - Barry Atkinson
- Chemical and Environmental Effects Department, UK Health Security Agency, Chilton, UK
| | - Ian Nicholls
- Chemical and Environmental Effects Department, UK Health Security Agency, Chilton, UK
| | - Hannah Higgins
- Rapid Investigation Team, Field Services, UK Health Security Agency, Wellington House, London, UK
| | - Joan Cooke
- Science Division, Health and Safety Executive, Buxton, UK
| | - Allan Bennett
- Chemical and Environmental Effects Department, UK Health Security Agency, Chilton, UK
| | - Derek Morgan
- Science Division, Health and Safety Executive, Buxton, UK
| | - Chris Keen
- Science Division, Health and Safety Executive, Buxton, UK
| | - Tony Fletcher
- Chemical and Environmental Effects Department, UK Health Security Agency, Chilton, UK
| | - Neil Pearce
- Department of Medical Statistics, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Christina Atchison
- Rapid Investigation Team, Field Services, UK Health Security Agency, Wellington House, London, UK
| | - Elizabeth B Brickley
- Health Equity Action Lab, Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Yiqun Chen
- Science Division, Health and Safety Executive, Buxton, UK.
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13
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Hendrickson TJ, Reiners P, Moore LA, Perrone AJ, Alexopoulos D, Lee EG, Styner M, Kardan O, Chamberlain TA, Mummaneni A, Caldas HA, Bower B, Stoyell S, Martin T, Sung S, Fair E, Uriarte-Lopez J, Rueter AR, Yacoub E, Rosenberg MD, Smyser CD, Elison JT, Graham A, Fair DA, Feczko E. BIBSNet: A Deep Learning Baby Image Brain Segmentation Network for MRI Scans. bioRxiv 2023:2023.03.22.533696. [PMID: 36993540 PMCID: PMC10055337 DOI: 10.1101/2023.03.22.533696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Objectives Brain segmentation of infant magnetic resonance (MR) images is vitally important in studying developmental mental health and disease. The infant brain undergoes many changes throughout the first years of postnatal life, making tissue segmentation difficult for most existing algorithms. Here, we introduce a deep neural network BIBSNet (Baby and Infant Brain Segmentation Neural Network), an open-source, community-driven model that relies on data augmentation and a large sample size of manually annotated images to facilitate the production of robust and generalizable brain segmentations. Experimental Design Included in model training and testing were MR brain images on 84 participants with an age range of 0-8 months (median postmenstrual ages of 13.57 months). Using manually annotated real and synthetic segmentation images, the model was trained using a 10-fold cross-validation procedure. Testing occurred on MRI data processed with the DCAN labs infant-ABCD-BIDS processing pipeline using segmentations produced from gold standard manual annotation, joint-label fusion (JLF), and BIBSNet to assess model performance. Principal Observations Using group analyses, results suggest that cortical metrics produced using BIBSNet segmentations outperforms JLF segmentations. Additionally, when analyzing individual differences, BIBSNet segmentations perform even better. Conclusions BIBSNet segmentation shows marked improvement over JLF segmentations across all age groups analyzed. The BIBSNet model is 600x faster compared to JLF and can be easily included in other processing pipelines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy J Hendrickson
- Minnesota Supercomputing Institute, University of Minnesota
- Masonic Institute for the Developing Brain, University of Minnesota
| | - Paul Reiners
- Masonic Institute for the Developing Brain, University of Minnesota
| | - Lucille A Moore
- Masonic Institute for the Developing Brain, University of Minnesota
| | - Anders J Perrone
- Masonic Institute for the Developing Brain, University of Minnesota
| | | | - Erik G Lee
- Minnesota Supercomputing Institute, University of Minnesota
- Masonic Institute for the Developing Brain, University of Minnesota
| | - Martin Styner
- Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
| | - Omid Kardan
- Department of Psychology, University of Chicago
- University of Michigan
| | | | | | | | | | - Sally Stoyell
- Masonic Institute for the Developing Brain, University of Minnesota
| | - Tabitha Martin
- Masonic Institute for the Developing Brain, University of Minnesota
| | - Sooyeon Sung
- Masonic Institute for the Developing Brain, University of Minnesota
| | - Ermias Fair
- Masonic Institute for the Developing Brain, University of Minnesota
| | | | | | - Essa Yacoub
- Department of Radiology, University of Minnesota
- Center for Magnetic Resonance Research, University of Minnesota
| | | | | | - Jed T Elison
- Masonic Institute for the Developing Brain, University of Minnesota
- Institute of Child Development, University of Minnesota
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota
| | | | - Damien A Fair
- Masonic Institute for the Developing Brain, University of Minnesota
- Institute of Child Development, University of Minnesota
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota
| | - Eric Feczko
- Masonic Institute for the Developing Brain, University of Minnesota
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota
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14
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Byington N, Grimsrud G, Mooney MA, Cordova M, Doyle O, Hermosillo RJM, Earl E, Houghton A, Conan G, Hendrickson TJ, Ragothaman A, Carrasco CM, Rueter A, Perrone A, Moore LA, Graham A, Nigg JT, Thompson WK, Nelson SM, Feczko E, Fair DA, Miranda-Dominguez O. Polyneuro risk scores capture widely distributed connectivity patterns of cognition. Dev Cogn Neurosci 2023; 60:101231. [PMID: 36934605 PMCID: PMC10031023 DOI: 10.1016/j.dcn.2023.101231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Resting-state functional connectivity (RSFC) is a powerful tool for characterizing brain changes, but it has yet to reliably predict higher-order cognition. This may be attributed to small effect sizes of such brain-behavior relationships, which can lead to underpowered, variable results when utilizing typical sample sizes (N∼25). Inspired by techniques in genomics, we implement the polyneuro risk score (PNRS) framework - the application of multivariate techniques to RSFC data and validation in an independent sample. Utilizing the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development® cohort split into two datasets, we explore the framework's ability to reliably capture brain-behavior relationships across 3 cognitive scores - general ability, executive function, learning & memory. The weight and significance of each connection is assessed in the first dataset, and a PNRS is calculated for each participant in the second. Results support the PNRS framework as a suitable methodology to inspect the distribution of connections contributing towards behavior, with explained variance ranging from 1.0 % to 21.4 %. For the outcomes assessed, the framework reveals globally distributed, rather than localized, patterns of predictive connections. Larger samples are likely necessary to systematically identify the specific connections contributing towards complex outcomes. The PNRS framework could be applied translationally to identify neurologically distinct subtypes of neurodevelopmental disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nora Byington
- Masonic Institute for the Developing Brain, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55414, United States; Minnesota Supercomputing Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55414, United States.
| | - Gracie Grimsrud
- Masonic Institute for the Developing Brain, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55414, United States; Minnesota Supercomputing Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55414, United States
| | - Michael A Mooney
- Department of Medical Informatics and Clinical Epidemiology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, United States; Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, United States
| | - Michaela Cordova
- Joint Doctoral Program in Clinical Psychology, San Diego State University/University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA 92120, United States
| | - Olivia Doyle
- Department of Psychiatry, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, United States
| | - Robert J M Hermosillo
- Masonic Institute for the Developing Brain, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55414, United States; Minnesota Supercomputing Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55414, United States
| | - Eric Earl
- Data Science and Sharing Team, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, United States
| | - Audrey Houghton
- Masonic Institute for the Developing Brain, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55414, United States; Minnesota Supercomputing Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55414, United States
| | - Gregory Conan
- Masonic Institute for the Developing Brain, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55414, United States; Minnesota Supercomputing Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55414, United States
| | - Timothy J Hendrickson
- Masonic Institute for the Developing Brain, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55414, United States; Minnesota Supercomputing Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55414, United States
| | | | - Cristian Morales Carrasco
- Masonic Institute for the Developing Brain, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55414, United States; Minnesota Supercomputing Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55414, United States
| | - Amanda Rueter
- Masonic Institute for the Developing Brain, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55414, United States; Minnesota Supercomputing Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55414, United States
| | - Anders Perrone
- Masonic Institute for the Developing Brain, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55414, United States; Minnesota Supercomputing Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55414, United States
| | - Lucille A Moore
- Masonic Institute for the Developing Brain, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55414, United States; Minnesota Supercomputing Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55414, United States
| | - Alice Graham
- Department of Psychiatry, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, United States
| | - Joel T Nigg
- Department of Psychiatry, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, United States; Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, United States
| | - Wesley K Thompson
- Center for Population Neuroscience and Genetics, Laureate Institute for Brain Research, Tulsa, OK 74136, United States
| | - Steven M Nelson
- Masonic Institute for the Developing Brain, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55414, United States; Minnesota Supercomputing Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55414, United States; Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55414, United States
| | - Eric Feczko
- Masonic Institute for the Developing Brain, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55414, United States; Minnesota Supercomputing Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55414, United States; Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55414, United States
| | - Damien A Fair
- Masonic Institute for the Developing Brain, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55414, United States; Minnesota Supercomputing Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55414, United States; Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55414, United States; Institute of Child Development, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55414, United States
| | - Oscar Miranda-Dominguez
- Masonic Institute for the Developing Brain, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55414, United States; Minnesota Supercomputing Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55414, United States; Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55414, United States
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15
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Graham A, Johnson C. Tacrolimus Induced Optic Neuritis in a Lung Transplant Recipient. J Heart Lung Transplant 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2023.02.1431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
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16
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White G, Roberts A, Taylor A, Graham A, Parkin K, Kotta P, Fleet J. 1348 A QUALITY IMPROVEMENT PROJECT TO IMPROVE ASSESSMENT AND DOCUMENTATION FOLLOWING INPATIENT FALLS. Age Ageing 2023. [DOI: 10.1093/ageing/afac322.113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
Inpatient falls are a major cause of avoidable harm in patients on elderly care wards. Delays in identification of fall precipitants and recognition of sustained injuries increases morbidity, mortality and length of stay (Cameron et al, Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2018 Sep; 2018(9)). Patients sustaining falls are often initially assessed by postgraduate year 1 and 2 doctors independently. We aimed to improve patient outcomes following inpatient falls through standardisation of the assessment and documentation following a fall in hospital.
Methods
Using PDSA methodology, incident reports and documentation of inpatient falls were reviewed retrospectively over three 28-bedded elderly care wards. A post-falls proforma was devised that covered various domains of the post-fall assessment and was distributed to doctors throughout the hospital. Following the intervention, a repeat PDSA cycle was performed prospectively over the same wards and the proportion of assessments fulfilling each domain was compared between the cycles.
Results
Medical assessment of 27 falls from November 2020 to January 2021 was compared to 31 falls occurring between February and May 2022. Use of the proforma in cycle 2 was limited to 8/31 falls following intervention. Post-intervention, the proportion of assessments fulfilling medication review (19% vs 35%, p=0.14) and anticoagulation status (41% vs 55%, p=0.28) was improved. The proportion fulfilling fall circumstances (89% vs 90%, p=0.85), medical precipitant (70% vs 61%, p=0.46) and ordering of appropriate imaging (93% vs 97%, p=0.47) remained high.
Conclusion
Standardisation of post-falls assessment and documentation can improve patient safety outcomes through reducing delay in recognition of medical precipitants of falls and identification and management of sustained injuries. Improved integration of a post-falls proforma into electronic systems is needed to maximise its clinical benefit and would be the target of a further PDSA cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- G White
- St Thomas’ Hospital Department of Ageing and Health,
| | - A Roberts
- St Thomas’ Hospital Department of Ageing and Health,
| | - A Taylor
- St Thomas’ Hospital Department of Ageing and Health,
| | - A Graham
- St Thomas’ Hospital Department of Ageing and Health,
| | - K Parkin
- St Thomas’ Hospital Department of Ageing and Health,
| | - P Kotta
- St Thomas’ Hospital Department of Ageing and Health,
| | - J Fleet
- St Thomas’ Hospital Department of Ageing and Health,
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17
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Hendrix CL, Werchan D, Lenniger C, Ablow JC, Amstadter AB, Austin A, Babineau V, Bogat GA, Cioffredi LA, Conradt E, Crowell SE, Dumitriu D, Elliott AJ, Fifer W, Firestein M, Gao W, Gotlib I, Graham A, Gregory KD, Gustafsson H, Havens KL, Hockett C, Howell BR, Humphreys KL, Jallo N, King LS, Kinser PA, Levendosky AA, Lonstein JS, Lucchini M, Marcus R, Monk C, Moyer S, Muzik M, Nuttall AK, Potter AS, Rogers C, Salisbury A, Shuffrey LC, Smith BA, Smyser CD, Smith L, Sullivan E, Zhou J, Brito NH, Thomason ME. Geotemporal analysis of perinatal care changes and maternal mental health: an example from the COVID-19 pandemic. Arch Womens Ment Health 2022; 25:943-956. [PMID: 35962855 PMCID: PMC9375091 DOI: 10.1007/s00737-022-01252-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Our primary objective was to document COVID-19 induced changes to perinatal care across the USA and examine the implication of these changes for maternal mental health. We performed an observational cross-sectional study with convenience sampling using direct patient reports from 1918 postpartum and 3868 pregnant individuals collected between April 2020 and December 2020 from 10 states across the USA. We leverage a subgroup of these participants who gave birth prior to March 2020 to estimate the pre-pandemic prevalence of specific birthing practices as a comparison. Our primary analyses describe the prevalence and timing of perinatal care changes, compare perinatal care changes depending on when and where individuals gave birth, and assess the linkage between perinatal care alterations and maternal anxiety and depressive symptoms. Seventy-eight percent of pregnant participants and 63% of postpartum participants reported at least one change to their perinatal care between March and August 2020. However, the prevalence and nature of specific perinatal care changes occurred unevenly over time and across geographic locations. The separation of infants and mothers immediately after birth and the cancelation of prenatal visits were associated with worsened depression and anxiety symptoms in mothers after controlling for sociodemographic factors, mental health history, number of pregnancy complications, and general stress about the COVID-19 pandemic. Our analyses reveal widespread changes to perinatal care across the US that fluctuated depending on where and when individuals gave birth. Disruptions to perinatal care may also exacerbate mental health concerns, so focused treatments that can mitigate the negative psychiatric sequelae of interrupted care are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cassandra L Hendrix
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, New York University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Denise Werchan
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, New York University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Carly Lenniger
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, New York University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Ananda B Amstadter
- Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Autumn Austin
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, New York University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Vanessa Babineau
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - G Anne Bogat
- Department of Psychology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | | | - Elisabeth Conradt
- Department of Psychology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Sheila E Crowell
- Department of Psychology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Utah Medical School, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Utah Medical School, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Dani Dumitriu
- Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Amy J Elliott
- Department of Pediatrics, University of South Dakota School of Medicine, Vermillion, SD, USA
- Avera Research Institute, Sioux Falls, SD, USA
| | - William Fifer
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Morgan Firestein
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Wei Gao
- Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Biomedical Imaging Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Ian Gotlib
- Department of Psychology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Alice Graham
- Department of Psychiatry, Oregon Health & Sciences University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Kimberly D Gregory
- Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Hanna Gustafsson
- Department of Psychiatry, Oregon Health & Sciences University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Kathryn L Havens
- Division of Biokinesiology and Physical Therapy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Christine Hockett
- Department of Pediatrics, University of South Dakota School of Medicine, Vermillion, SD, USA
- Avera Research Institute, Sioux Falls, SD, USA
| | - Brittany R Howell
- Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at Virginia Tech Carilion, Roanoke, VA, USA
- Department of Human Development and Family Science, Virginia Tech University, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Kathryn L Humphreys
- Department of Psychology and Human Development, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Nancy Jallo
- School of Nursing, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Lucy S King
- Department of Psychology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Patricia A Kinser
- School of Nursing, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | | | - Joseph S Lonstein
- Department of Psychology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Maristella Lucchini
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Rachel Marcus
- Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Catherine Monk
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sara Moyer
- Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Maria Muzik
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, VA, USA
| | - Amy K Nuttall
- Human Development and Family Studies, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | | | - Cynthia Rogers
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University Medical School in Saint Louis, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - Amy Salisbury
- School of Nursing, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Lauren C Shuffrey
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Beth A Smith
- Division of Biokinesiology and Physical Therapy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Developmental Neuroscience and Neurogenetics Program, The Saban Research Institute, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Division of Research On Children, Youth, and Families, Childrens Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Christopher D Smyser
- Departments of Neurology, Pediatrics, and Radiology, Washington University Medical School in Saint Louis, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - Lynne Smith
- The Lundquist Institute, Department of Pediatrics, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Elinor Sullivan
- Department of Psychiatry, Oregon Health & Sciences University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Judy Zhou
- Division of Biokinesiology and Physical Therapy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Natalie H Brito
- Department of Applied Psychology, New York University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Moriah E Thomason
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, New York University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
- Neuroscience Institute, New York University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Population Health, New York University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
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18
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Miranda-Dominguez O, Ramirez JSB, Mitchell AJ, Perrone A, Earl E, Carpenter S, Feczko E, Graham A, Jeon S, Cohen NJ, Renner L, Neuringer M, Kuchan MJ, Erdman JW, Fair D. Carotenoids improve the development of cerebral cortical networks in formula-fed infant macaques. Sci Rep 2022; 12:15220. [PMID: 36076053 PMCID: PMC9458723 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-19279-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Nutrition during the first years of life has a significant impact on brain development. This study characterized differences in brain maturation from birth to 6 months of life in infant macaques fed formulas differing in content of lutein, β-carotene, and other carotenoids using Magnetic Resonance Imaging to measure functional connectivity. We observed differences in functional connectivity based on the interaction of diet, age and brain networks. Post hoc analysis revealed significant diet-specific differences between insular-opercular and somatomotor networks at 2 months of age, dorsal attention and somatomotor at 4 months of age, and within somatomotor and between somatomotor-visual and auditory-dorsal attention networks at 6 months of age. Overall, we found a larger divergence in connectivity from the breastfeeding group in infant macaques fed formula containing no supplemental carotenoids in comparison to those fed formula supplemented with carotenoids. These findings suggest that carotenoid formula supplementation influences functional brain development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oscar Miranda-Dominguez
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55414, USA.
- Masonic Institute for the Developing Brain, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55414, USA.
| | - Julian S B Ramirez
- Center for the Developing Brain, Child Mind Institute, New York, NY, 10022, USA
| | - A J Mitchell
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, 97239, USA
- Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR, 97006, USA
| | - Anders Perrone
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55414, USA
- Masonic Institute for the Developing Brain, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55414, USA
| | - Eric Earl
- Data Science & Sharing Team, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Sam Carpenter
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, 97239, USA
| | - Eric Feczko
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55414, USA
- Masonic Institute for the Developing Brain, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55414, USA
| | - Alice Graham
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, 97239, USA
| | - Sookyoung Jeon
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
- Department of Food Science & Nutrition and the Korean Institute of Nutrition, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Gangwon-Do, Republic of Korea
| | - Neal J Cohen
- Department of Psychology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Laurie Renner
- Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR, 97006, USA
| | - Martha Neuringer
- Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR, 97006, USA
| | | | - John W Erdman
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Damien Fair
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55414, USA
- Masonic Institute for the Developing Brain, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55414, USA
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19
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Dhillon GS, Honarbakhsh S, Graham A, Abbass H, Welch S, Daw H, Sporton S, Providencia R, Chow A, Earley MJ, Lowe M, Lambiase PD, Schilling RJ, Hunter RJ. ECG-I Phenotyping of Persistent AF Based on Driver Burden and Distribution to Predict Response to Pulmonary Vein Isolation (PHENOTYPE-AF). J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol 2022; 33:2263-2273. [PMID: 35924481 DOI: 10.1111/jce.15644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2022] [Revised: 06/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This prospective trial sought to phenotype persistent AF based on AF mechanisms using ECGI mapping to determine whether this would predict long term freedom from arrhythmia after pulmonary vein isolation (PVI). METHODS Patients with persistent AF of < 2 years duration underwent cryoballoon PVI. ECGI mapping was performed prior to PVI to determine potential drivers (PDs) defined as rotational activations completing ≥ 1.5 revolutions or focal activations. The co-primary end point was the association between (1) PD burden (defined as the number of PD occurrences) and (2) PD distribution (defined as the number of segments on an 18 segment model of the atria harbouring PDs) with freedom from arrhythmia at 1 year follow up. RESULTS Of 100 patients, 97 completed follow up and 52 (53.6%) remained in sinus rhythm off antiarrhythmic drugs. Neither PD burden nor PD distribution predicted freedom from arrhythmia (HR 1.01, 95% CI 0.99 - 1.03, p = 0.164; and HR 1.04, 95% CI 0.91 - 1.17, p = 0.591 respectively). Otherwise, the burden of rotational PDs, rotational stability, and the burden of PDs occurring at the pulmonary veins and posterior wall all failed to predict arrhythmia recurrence (all p > 0.10). CONCLUSIONS AF mechanisms as determined using ECGI mapping do not predict outcome after PVI for persistent AF. Further studies using different methodologies to characterise AF mechanisms are warranted. (NCT03394404) This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- G S Dhillon
- Barts Heart Centre, St Bartholomew's Hospital, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - S Honarbakhsh
- Barts Heart Centre, St Bartholomew's Hospital, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - A Graham
- Barts Heart Centre, St Bartholomew's Hospital, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - H Abbass
- Barts Heart Centre, St Bartholomew's Hospital, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - S Welch
- Barts Heart Centre, St Bartholomew's Hospital, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - H Daw
- Barts Heart Centre, St Bartholomew's Hospital, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - S Sporton
- Barts Heart Centre, St Bartholomew's Hospital, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - R Providencia
- Barts Heart Centre, St Bartholomew's Hospital, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - A Chow
- Barts Heart Centre, St Bartholomew's Hospital, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - M J Earley
- Barts Heart Centre, St Bartholomew's Hospital, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - M Lowe
- Barts Heart Centre, St Bartholomew's Hospital, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - P D Lambiase
- Barts Heart Centre, St Bartholomew's Hospital, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - R J Schilling
- Barts Heart Centre, St Bartholomew's Hospital, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - R J Hunter
- Barts Heart Centre, St Bartholomew's Hospital, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
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20
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Kardan O, Kaplan S, Wheelock MD, Feczko E, Day TKM, Miranda-Domínguez Ó, Meyer D, Eggebrecht AT, Moore LA, Sung S, Chamberlain TA, Earl E, Snider K, Graham A, Berman MG, Uğurbil K, Yacoub E, Elison JT, Smyser CD, Fair DA, Rosenberg MD. Resting-state functional connectivity identifies individuals and predicts age in 8-to-26-month-olds. Dev Cogn Neurosci 2022; 56:101123. [PMID: 35751994 PMCID: PMC9234342 DOI: 10.1016/j.dcn.2022.101123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Revised: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) measured with fMRI has been used to characterize functional brain maturation in typically and atypically developing children and adults. However, its reliability and utility for predicting development in infants and toddlers is less well understood. Here, we use fMRI data from the Baby Connectome Project study to measure the reliability and uniqueness of rsFC in infants and toddlers and predict age in this sample (8-to-26 months old; n = 170). We observed medium reliability for within-session infant rsFC in our sample, and found that individual infant and toddler's connectomes were sufficiently distinct for successful functional connectome fingerprinting. Next, we trained and tested support vector regression models to predict age-at-scan with rsFC. Models successfully predicted novel infants' age within ± 3.6 months error and a prediction R2 = .51. To characterize the anatomy of predictive networks, we grouped connections into 11 infant-specific resting-state functional networks defined in a data-driven manner. We found that connections between regions of the same network-i.e. within-network connections-predicted age significantly better than between-network connections. Looking ahead, these findings can help characterize changes in functional brain organization in infancy and toddlerhood and inform work predicting developmental outcome measures in this age range.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sydney Kaplan
- Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Eric Earl
- Oregon Health & Science University, USA
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21
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Raja AI, van Veldhoven K, Ewuzie A, Frost G, Sandys V, Atkinson B, Nicholls I, Graham A, Higgins H, Coldwell M, Simpson A, Cooke J, Bennett A, Barber C, Morgan D, Atchison C, Keen C, Fletcher T, Pearce N, Brickley EB, Chen Y. Investigation of a SARS-CoV-2 Outbreak at an Automotive Manufacturing Site in England. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022; 19:ijerph19116400. [PMID: 35681985 DOI: 10.1101/2022.01.31.22269194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Revised: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Workplace-related outbreaks of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) continue to occur globally. The manufacturing sector presents a particular concern for outbreaks, and a better understanding of transmission risks are needed. Between 9 March and 24 April 2021, the COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 2019) Outbreak Investigation to Understand Transmission (COVID-OUT) study undertook a comprehensive investigation of a SARS-CoV-2 outbreak at an automotive manufacturing site in England. The site had a total of 266 workers, and 51 SARS-CoV-2 infections. Overall, ventilation, humidity, and temperature at the site were assessed to be appropriate for the number of workers and the work being conducted. The company had implemented a number of infection control procedures, including provision of face coverings, spacing in the work, and welfare areas to allow for social distancing. However, observations of worker practices identified lapses in social distancing, although all were wearing face coverings. A total of 38 workers, including four confirmed cases, participated in the COVID-OUT study. The majority of participants received COVID-19 prevention training, though 42.9% also reported that their work required close physical contact with co-workers. Additionally, 73.7% and 34.2% had concerns regarding reductions in future income and future unemployment, respectively, due to self-isolation. This investigation adds to the growing body of evidence of SARS-CoV-2 outbreaks from the manufacturing sector. Despite a layered COVID-19 control strategy at this site, cases clustered in areas of high occupancy and close worker proximity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amber I Raja
- Health Equity Action Lab, Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London WC1E 7HT, UK
| | - Karin van Veldhoven
- Department of Non-Communicable Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London WC1E 7HT, UK
| | - Adanna Ewuzie
- Health Equity Action Lab, Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London WC1E 7HT, UK
| | - Gillian Frost
- Science Division, Health and Safety Executive, Buxton SK17 9JN, UK
| | - Vince Sandys
- Science Division, Health and Safety Executive, Buxton SK17 9JN, UK
| | - Barry Atkinson
- Research and Evaluation, UK Health Security Agency, Porton Down, Salisbury SP4 0JG, UK
| | - Ian Nicholls
- Research and Evaluation, UK Health Security Agency, Porton Down, Salisbury SP4 0JG, UK
| | - Alice Graham
- Rapid Investigation Team, Field Services, UK Health Security Agency, Wellington House, London SE1 8UG, UK
| | - Hannah Higgins
- Rapid Investigation Team, Field Services, UK Health Security Agency, Wellington House, London SE1 8UG, UK
| | - Matthew Coldwell
- Science Division, Health and Safety Executive, Buxton SK17 9JN, UK
| | - Andrew Simpson
- Science Division, Health and Safety Executive, Buxton SK17 9JN, UK
| | - Joan Cooke
- Science Division, Health and Safety Executive, Buxton SK17 9JN, UK
| | - Allan Bennett
- Research and Evaluation, UK Health Security Agency, Porton Down, Salisbury SP4 0JG, UK
| | - Chris Barber
- Science Division, Health and Safety Executive, Buxton SK17 9JN, UK
| | - Derek Morgan
- Science Division, Health and Safety Executive, Buxton SK17 9JN, UK
| | - Christina Atchison
- Rapid Investigation Team, Field Services, UK Health Security Agency, Wellington House, London SE1 8UG, UK
| | - Chris Keen
- Science Division, Health and Safety Executive, Buxton SK17 9JN, UK
| | - Tony Fletcher
- Chemical and Environmental Effects Department, UK Health Security Agency, Chilton OX11 0RQ, UK
| | - Neil Pearce
- Department of Medical Statistics, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London WC1E 7HT, UK
| | - Elizabeth B Brickley
- Health Equity Action Lab, Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London WC1E 7HT, UK
| | - Yiqun Chen
- Science Division, Health and Safety Executive, Buxton SK17 9JN, UK
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22
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Pollatou A, Filippi CA, Aydin E, Vaughn K, Thompson D, Korom M, Dufford AJ, Howell B, Zöllei L, Martino AD, Graham A, Scheinost D, Spann MN. An ode to fetal, infant, and toddler neuroimaging: Chronicling early clinical to research applications with MRI, and an introduction to an academic society connecting the field. Dev Cogn Neurosci 2022; 54:101083. [PMID: 35184026 PMCID: PMC8861425 DOI: 10.1016/j.dcn.2022.101083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Revised: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Fetal, infant, and toddler neuroimaging is commonly thought of as a development of modern times (last two decades). Yet, this field mobilized shortly after the discovery and implementation of MRI technology. Here, we provide a review of the parallel advancements in the fields of fetal, infant, and toddler neuroimaging, noting the shifts from clinical to research use, and the ongoing challenges in this fast-growing field. We chronicle the pioneering science of fetal, infant, and toddler neuroimaging, highlighting the early studies that set the stage for modern advances in imaging during this developmental period, and the large-scale multi-site efforts which ultimately led to the explosion of interest in the field today. Lastly, we consider the growing pains of the community and the need for an academic society that bridges expertise in developmental neuroscience, clinical science, as well as computational and biomedical engineering, to ensure special consideration of the vulnerable mother-offspring dyad (especially during pregnancy), data quality, and image processing tools that are created, rather than adapted, for the young brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angeliki Pollatou
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Courtney A Filippi
- Section on Development and Affective Neuroscience, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, MD, USA; Department of Human Development and Quantitative Methodology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
| | - Ezra Aydin
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA; Department of Psychology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Kelly Vaughn
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Health Sciences Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Deanne Thompson
- Clinical Sciences, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Marta Korom
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA
| | - Alexander J Dufford
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Brittany Howell
- Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at VTC, Virginia Tech, Roanoke, VA, USA; Department of Human Development and Family Science, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Lilla Zöllei
- Laboratory for Computational Neuroimaging, Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | | | - Alice Graham
- Department of Psychiatry, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | | | - Dustin Scheinost
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA; Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA; Yale Child Study Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Marisa N Spann
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.
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23
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Prabhu S, Ahluwalia N, Tyebally SM, Dennis ASC, Malomo SO, Abiodun AT, Tyrlis A, Dhillon G, Segan L, Graham A, Honarbakhsh S, Sawhney V, Sporton S, Lowe M, Finlay M, Earley MJ, Lambiase P, Schilling RJ, Hunter RJ. ERRATUM. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol 2022; 33:567. [PMID: 35166413 DOI: 10.1111/jce.15312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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24
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Kilic Y, Graham A, Tait NP, Spalding D, Vlavianos P, Jiao LR, Alsafi A. Percutaneous biliary stone clearance: is there still a need? A 10-year single-centre experience. Clin Radiol 2021; 77:130-135. [PMID: 34893340 DOI: 10.1016/j.crad.2021.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
AIM To evaluate the safety and efficacy of percutaneous biliary stone clearance in a single hepatopancreaticobiliary (HPB) centre. MATERIALS AND METHODS All patients who underwent percutaneous biliary stone clearance between 2010 and 2020 at a HPB centre were identified from the radiology information system. Their demographic data, presentation, previous surgery, number/size of biliary calculi, success and complications were collected from patient records. Unpaired student's t-test was used to compare numerical variables and the Chi-square test was used to compare categorical data. RESULTS Sixty-eight patients aged between 58.5-91.1 years underwent the procedure, and 42.6% (29/68) had the procedure due to surgically altered anatomy precluding endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP). The most common presentation was cholangitis (62%). The success rate of percutaneous stone clearance was 92.7%. The average number of calculi was two (range 1-412). Of the patients included, 4.4% developed pancreatitis, 4.4% developed cholangitis, and 1.5% had hepatic artery branch pseudoaneurysm successfully treated with transarterial embolisation. There was no significant difference in success or complication rates between the different access sites (right lobe, left lobe, roux-loop, T-tube, p=0.7767). CONCLUSION Percutaneous biliary stone clearance is safe and effective and will continue to play an important role where ERCP fails or is impossible due surgically altered anatomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Kilic
- Imaging Department, Hammersmith Hospital, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - A Graham
- Imaging Department, Hammersmith Hospital, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - N P Tait
- Imaging Department, Hammersmith Hospital, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - D Spalding
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, London, UK
| | - P Vlavianos
- Department of Gastroenterology, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - L R Jiao
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, London, UK
| | - A Alsafi
- Imaging Department, Hammersmith Hospital, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK.
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Gustafsson HC, Young AS, Stamos G, Wilken S, Brito NH, Thomason ME, Graham A, Nigg JT, Sullivan EL. Innovative methods for remote assessment of neurobehavioral development. Dev Cogn Neurosci 2021; 52:101015. [PMID: 34601346 PMCID: PMC8483646 DOI: 10.1016/j.dcn.2021.101015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2021] [Revised: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, research institutions across the globe have modified their operations in ways that have limited or eliminated the amount of permissible in-person research interaction. In order to prevent the loss of important developmentally-timed data during the pandemic, researchers have quickly pivoted and developed innovative methods for remote assessment of research participants. In this manuscript, we describe methods developed for remote assessment of a parent child cohort with a focus on examining the perinatal environment, behavioral and biological indicators of child neurobehavioral development, parent-child interaction, as well as parent and child mental and physical health. We include recommendations relevant to adapting in-laboratory assessments for remote data collection and conclude with a description of the successful dissemination of the methods to eight research sites across the United States, each of whom are involved in Phase 1 of the HEALthy Brain and Child Development (HBCD) Study. These remote methods were born out of pandemic-related necessity; however, they have much wider applicability and may offer advantages over in-laboratory neurodevelopmental assessments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanna C Gustafsson
- Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Anna S Young
- Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Gayle Stamos
- Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Sydney Wilken
- Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Natalie H Brito
- New York University, 426 Greene Street, New York, NY 10003, USA
| | | | - Alice Graham
- Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Joel T Nigg
- Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Elinor L Sullivan
- Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Portland, OR 97239, USA; Oregon National Primate Research Center, 505 NW 185th Avenue, Beaverton, OR 97006, USA.
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26
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Graham A. Sexual and reproductive health education for women in a migrant camp in Belgrade, Serbia. Eur J Public Health 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckab165.612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Serbia borders the European Union (EU). It hosts 18 migrant camps for migrants/refugees blocked from entering the EU. A camp in Belgrade, houses 450 people, most residing there for over a year. The women are vulnerable due to no/low education, early marriage, multiple children, perilous journeys travelled, shared basic accommodation, and uncertain status/futures. The UN sustainable development goal 3 highlights the importance of improving sexual and reproductive health (SRH) in humanitarian settings. SRH education empowers women to plan/prevent pregnancies, prevent spread of sexually transmitted infections, and to know when to see a doctor. Many migrant camps exist across Europe housing similarly vulnerable women who would benefit from SRH education. The objectives were to 1. Create a safe space for sharing SRH concerns; 2. Assess knowledge and needs; 3. Develop and deliver a bespoke SRH programme in collaboration with the women; 4. Assess impact on knowledge. I facilitated SRH discussions and built rapport, the women then completed an anonymous questionnaire assessing knowledge/needs. I developed a series of monthly SRH workshops delivered over a year. The questions posed were 1. Was SRH education needed/desired? 2. Would women attend? 3. Would SRH knowledge improve?
The discussions and questionnaire demonstrated the need and desire for SRH education. 4-10 women (average 8) attended each workshop, with open discussions generated. The women's knowledge increased, extrapolated from workshop activities and qualitative feedback. These migrant women had an unmet need for SRH education, which was addressed via this programme. It demonstrated an increase in SRH knowledge, enabling informed SRH decision making and ultimately improving public health. Migrant women reside in camps across Europe, and would benefit from this programme. Creating a collaborative, bespoke SRH programme with migrant women in transit across Europe is both innovative and important.
Key messages
Vulnerable female migrants residing in a migrant camp in Belgrade had an unmet need/desire for sexual and reproductive health education which was addressed via a bespoke programme of SRH workshops. Migrant camps exist across Europe housing vulnerable women who urgently require access to good quality sexual and reproductive health education and care in order to improve overall public health.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Graham
- Krnjaca Asylum Centre, Sexual and Reproductive Health Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia
- Camberwell Sexual Health Centre, King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
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Graham A. Digital sexual and reproductive health resources for women living in a migrant camp in Serbia. Eur J Public Health 2021. [PMCID: PMC8574767 DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckab165.157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Prior to Covid-19 (C19), I delivered sexual and reproductive health (SRH) educational workshops to refugee/migrant women in a migrant camp in Belgrade, Serbia. SRH education and access are key to the public health for all but specifically this vulnerable population. C19 and a national lockdown meant an alternative, none face to face delivery method was required. Migrant camps exist throughout Europe, and restrictions due to C19 continue across the world increasing the applicability of this practice in many settings. My previous experience informed my knowledge for course content, however not suitable delivery methods. Most women had mobile phones, however barriers to accessing online content included intermittent internet access, low computer literacy, inadequate privacy, and need for translation. Following research into alternative formats, over a number of months we piloted; texts +/- attachments, voice messages, video streaming, online videos to download. The questions posed were 1. Which format was the most accessible/acceptable to the women? 2. When the format was decided, how many women would access the content and was this number comparable to the workshops? The feedback showed texts with links to unlisted YouTube videos with burned subtitles were best, enabling download when internet access/privacy allowed and requiring minimal computer skills. We created an SRH programme of 5-minute videos with feedback obtained via text. Each video has 4-21 views (averaging 8 and continuing to increase) at time of submission, comparable or more than the workshops. This innovative practice delivers SRH information to women in this migrant camp. It doesn't replace workshops but when access is restricted it can be used independently, or ordinarily as a supplementary tool to workshops. It is applicable in any setting when access is restricted. Benefits include; choice of when/where/how to access; repeat views; potential for wider reach/scaling to reach larger populations.
Key messages
These carefully designed digital resources have allowed non-English speaking migrant women in a migrant camp to continue accessing sexual and reproductive health education during Covid-19 lockdowns. This innovative practice of delivering information to vulnerable, hard to reach groups is applicable in many settings when face to face access is restricted.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Graham
- ADRA Women's Centre, ADRA, Belgrade, Serbia
- Camberwell Sexual and Reproductive Health, King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
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Androulakis E, Briasoulis A, Falconer D, Lim W, Siasos G, Ahluwalia N, Graham A, Papageorgiou N. Long-term outcomes of catheter ablation for ventricular arrhythmias in post- myocarditis patients; Insights from a meta-analysis of current datv. Eur Heart J 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehab724.0379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
In the past decade, catheter ablation (CA) has become a rapidly expanding treatment option for ventricular tachycardia (VT), however it is not commonly utilized for patients with post-myocarditis VT. We aimed to systematically review up-to-date evidence regarding feasibility, effectiveness, and safety of CA, with a specific focus on long-term relapse rate and procedural complications.
Methods
A structured electronic database search (PubMed, Embase, Cochrane) of the scientific literature was performed for studies describing outcomes at up to 7.3 years after CA. The primary outcome measured was VT recurrence post-ablation. Procedural success was defined as freedom of ventricular arrhythmias (at the end of follow-up after an ablation procedure). The secondary outcome was significant procedural complications which included procedural death, stroke, cardiac tamponade, acute myocardial infarction, major vascular complications, and major bleeding, assessed on a study-by-study basis.
Results
A total of 186 patients were included in analysis with most patients (88%) being male.
Over the follow up period there was a 18% relapse rate (n=34) (Confidence Interval (CI); 0.12–0.24, I2≈0, p=0.77) with the majority of patients remaining VT free for the duration of follow up. Only one study recorded the percentage of re-do procedures. The overall procedural complication rate was 3.0% (n=7, (CI; 0.01–0.07, I2≈0, p=0.44) and of note, there were no peri-procedural deaths or heart transplant surgeries reported. However, a single study reported a mortality of 10% (n=2) during the follow up period.
Conclusions
CA is an effective and durable long-term therapeutic strategy for post myocarditis VT patients with limited relapse rate and very low complication rates based on these non-randomised data. Larger randomised-controlled trials with standardised treatment and long follow-up are required to compare CA versus conventional treatment in the post-acute myocardial phase.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding sources: None. Relapse rate during follow-upProcedural complication rate
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Affiliation(s)
- E Androulakis
- Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - D Falconer
- Barts Health NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - W Lim
- Barts Health NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - G Siasos
- National & Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - N Ahluwalia
- Barts Health NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - A Graham
- Barts Health NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
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Reid R, Alakhras Aljanadi F, Beattie R, Graham A. 1150 A Painless Anterior Chest Wall Mass Post Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting Surgery. Br J Surg 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/bjs/znab259.361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Aim
We aim to present here a case of a painless anterior chest wall mass which was first noted during routine follow up post coronary artery bypass graft surgery
Case presentation
An 80-year-old male developed an asymptomatic slow growing pronounced swelling over the right anterior chest wall post CABG. His other past medical history includes chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, pulmonary fibrosis, ischaemic heart disease, an AICD for complete heart block, hypertension, hyperlipidaemia and osteoarthritis. A CT scan demonstrated a 10 x 12 x 6.5 cm subcutaneous lesion at the mid-line of the lower chest wall adjacent to the xiphisternum and the previous sternotomy site. On clinical examination there was a large non-tender cystic swelling with peripheral calcifications, but overlying skin was normal. Fluid was aspirated from the lesion and cytology showed a paucicellular specimen with features in keeping with seroma. Due to the progressive increase in size patient underwent surgical resection. A gelatinous bloody fluid was aspirated from the lesion and it was then resected enbloc. The tumour base appeared to arise from 6/7th costal cartilage and tumour was shaved away. The mass was confirmed histologically to be chondrosarcoma.
Conclusions
Given the uncommon prevalence of malignant primary chest wall tumours this case highlights the importance of high clinical suspicion even after developing post CABG.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Reid
- Royal Victoria Hospital, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | | | - R Beattie
- Royal Victoria Hospital, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - A Graham
- Royal Victoria Hospital, Belfast, United Kingdom
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Porter B, Orrell R, Graham A, Watt S, Lunt P, Norwood F, Roberts M, Willis T, Matthews E, Muni-Lofra R, Marini-Bettolo C. FSHD. Neuromuscul Disord 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2021.07.188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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31
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Chen Y, Atchison C, Atkinson B, Barber C, Bennett A, Brickley E, Cooke J, Dabrera G, Fishwick D, Fletcher T, Graham A, Higgins H, Keen C, Morgan D, Noakes C, Pearce N, Raja A, Sandys V, Stocks J, van Tongeren M, van Veldhoven K, Verma A, Curran A. The COVID-OUT study protocol: COVID-19 outbreak investigation to understand workplace SARS-CoV-2 transmission in the United Kingdom. Wellcome Open Res 2021. [DOI: 10.12688/wellcomeopenres.17015.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Preventing SARS-CoV-2 transmission and protecting people from COVID-19 is the most significant public health challenge faced in recent years. COVID-19 outbreaks are occurring in workplaces and evidence is needed to support effective strategies to prevent and control these outbreaks. Investigations into these outbreaks are routinely undertaken by public health bodies and regulators in the United Kingdom (UK); however, such investigations are typically disparate in nature with a lack of consistency across all investigations, preventing meaningful analysis of the data collected. The COVID-OUT (COVID-19 Outbreak investigation to Understand Transmission) study aims to collect a consistent set of data in a systematic way from workplaces that are experiencing outbreaks, to understand SARS-CoV-2 transmission risk factors, transmission routes, and the role they play in the COVID-19 outbreaks. Suitable outbreak sites are identified from public health bodies. Following employer consent to participate, the study will recruit workers from workplaces where there are active outbreaks. The study will utilise data already collected as part of routine public health outbreak investigations and collect additional data through a comprehensive questionnaire, viral and serologic testing of workers, surface sampling, viral genome sequencing, and an environmental assessment of building plans, ventilation and current control measures. At each site, a detailed investigation will be carried out to evaluate transmission routes. A case-control approach will be used to compare workers who have and have not had SARS-CoV-2 infections during the outbreak period to assess transmission risk factors. Data from different outbreaks will be combined for pooled analyses to identify common risk factors, as well as factors that differ between outbreaks. The COVID-OUT study can contribute to a better understanding of why COVID-19 outbreaks associated with workplaces occur and how to prevent these outbreaks from happening in the future.
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Kohlasch KL, Cioffredi LA, Lenninger C, Stewart E, Vatalaro T, Garavan H, Graham A, Heil SH, Krans EE, Robakis T, Rommel A, Sullivan EL, Thomason M, Potter A. Factors associated with parent views about participation in infant MRI research provide guidance for the design of the Healthy Brain and Child Development (HBCD) study. Dev Cogn Neurosci 2021; 50:100986. [PMID: 34242880 PMCID: PMC8267558 DOI: 10.1016/j.dcn.2021.100986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Revised: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The National Institutes of Health announced the Healthy Brain and Child Development (HBCD) study to further understanding of infant brain development. This study examined perceptions and knowledge about research among the demographic groups to be studied in HBCD. METHOD 1164 participants (n = 548 pregnant people and 616 mothers of infants < 12 months) completed anonymous, on-line surveys. Domains included research literacy, MRI knowledge, and attitudes about research incentives and biospecimen collection. Logistic regression was used to examine factors related to outcome variables. RESULTS Knowledge of MRI safety was low and research literacy was high across participants. Likelihood of participation given various incentives differed between participants. Those with lower education were less likely to rate any items as increasing likelihood of participation. Substance use during pregnancy improved the model fit only for items about alternate visit structures (home and telephone visits) and confidentiality. CONCLUSION Overall results support the feasibility of infant imaging studies, such as HBCD with respondents having high research literacy and interest in learning about their baby's development. Educating potential participants about MRI safety and providing flexible incentives for participation will improve the success of infant MRI studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaelyn L Kohlasch
- The University of Vermont, Department of Psychiatry, 1 South Prospect Street, Arnold 6, Burlington, VT 05401, United States.
| | - Leigh-Anne Cioffredi
- The University of Vermont, Department of Psychiatry, 1 South Prospect Street, Arnold 6, Burlington, VT 05401, United States.
| | - Carly Lenninger
- New York University Langone Health, One Park Avenue, New York, NY 10016, United States.
| | - Ellen Stewart
- Magee-Womens Research Institute, 204 Craft Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, United States.
| | - Tessa Vatalaro
- New York University Langone Health, One Park Avenue, New York, NY 10016, United States.
| | - Hugh Garavan
- The University of Vermont, Department of Psychiatry, 1 South Prospect Street, Arnold 6, Burlington, VT 05401, United States.
| | - Alice Graham
- Department of Psychiatry, Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Portland, OR 97239, United States.
| | - Sarah H Heil
- Vermont Center on Behavior and Health, Departments of Psychiatry and Psychological Science, UHC MS #482, 1 South Prospect Street, Burlington, VT 05401, United States.
| | - Elizabeth E Krans
- Magee-Womens Research Institute, 204 Craft Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, United States; Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 300 Halket Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, United States.
| | - Thalia Robakis
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai School, 1 Gustave L. Levy Pl, New York, NY 10029, United States.
| | - Anna Rommel
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai School, 1 Gustave L. Levy Pl, New York, NY 10029, United States.
| | - Elinor L Sullivan
- Department of Psychiatry, Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Portland, OR 97239, United States; Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Portland, OR 97239, United States; Division of Neuroscience, Oregon National Primate Research Center, 505 N W 185th Avenue, Beaverton, OR 97006, United States.
| | - Moriah Thomason
- New York University Langone Health, One Park Avenue, New York, NY 10016, United States.
| | - Alexandra Potter
- The University of Vermont, Department of Psychiatry, 1 South Prospect Street, Arnold 6, Burlington, VT 05401, United States; Vermont Center on Behavior and Health, Departments of Psychiatry and Psychological Science, UHC MS #482, 1 South Prospect Street, Burlington, VT 05401, United States.
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33
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Stimpson S, Graham A, Collins B. Extended Applications of Subgrid Representation in the 2D/1D Method. NUCL SCI ENG 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/00295639.2021.1871994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S. Stimpson
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee
| | - A. Graham
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee
| | - B. Collins
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee
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Abstract
INTRODUCTION Evidence has suggested that when senior doctors are less approachable, junior staff are less likely to raise safety issues. There are limited existing data on whether the name by which junior doctors address their seniors reflects approachability and if this varies between grade and specialties. METHODS An online survey was conducted in a large teaching hospital. Respondents were asked about their use of first names when addressing consultants and whether they felt this reflected their perceptions of the consultants' approachability. RESULTS Four-hundred and twenty-three responses were received from a cohort of approximately 800 junior doctors. Of these, 410 were included in this analysis. Respondents came from 57 different subspecialties and all years of training. Overall, junior doctors addressed 43% of consultants by their first name; 71% of junior doctors perceived these consultants to be more approachable. There were significant differences in the results between grades and specialty of junior doctor. CONCLUSION Throughout all specialties, the majority of junior doctors consider the consultants that they address informally to be more approachable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Graham
- Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Ben Messer
- Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
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Prabhu S, Ahluwalia N, Tyebally SM, Dennis ASC, Malomo SO, Abiodun AT, Tyrlis A, Dhillon G, Segan L, Graham A, Honarbakhsh S, Sawhney V, Sporton S, Lowe M, Finlay M, Earley MJ, Lambiase P, Schilling RJ, Hunter RJ. Long-term outcomes of index cryoballoon ablation or point-by-point radiofrequency ablation in patients with atrial fibrillation and systolic heart failure. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol 2021; 32:941-948. [PMID: 33527562 DOI: 10.1111/jce.14923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Revised: 12/29/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Catheter ablation is an established effective approach for the treatment of atrial fibrillation (AF) in patients with heart failure, however, the role of cryoablation in this setting is unclear. Procedural success and left ventricular systolic dysfunction (LVEF) improvement in patients with LVEF ≤ 45% undergoing index catheter ablation with cryoablation were evaluated. Freedom from AF recurrence was seen in 43% rising to 59% following repeat procedure. There were significant improvements in LVEF and functional status at long-term follow-up. Results were comparable to a contemporaneous cohort of heart failure patients undergoing index ablation with radiofrequency ablation. Cryoablation is an effective first-line AF ablation approach in the setting of heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Prabhu
- Department of Cardiology, St Bartholomew's Hospital, London, UK.,Baker Heart and Diabetes Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia.,University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - N Ahluwalia
- Department of Cardiology, St Bartholomew's Hospital, London, UK
| | - S M Tyebally
- Department of Cardiology, St Bartholomew's Hospital, London, UK
| | - A S C Dennis
- Department of Cardiology, St Bartholomew's Hospital, London, UK
| | - S O Malomo
- Department of Cardiology, St Bartholomew's Hospital, London, UK
| | - A T Abiodun
- Department of Cardiology, St Bartholomew's Hospital, London, UK
| | - A Tyrlis
- Department of Cardiology, St Bartholomew's Hospital, London, UK
| | - G Dhillon
- Department of Cardiology, St Bartholomew's Hospital, London, UK
| | - L Segan
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - A Graham
- Department of Cardiology, St Bartholomew's Hospital, London, UK
| | - S Honarbakhsh
- Department of Cardiology, St Bartholomew's Hospital, London, UK
| | - V Sawhney
- Department of Cardiology, St Bartholomew's Hospital, London, UK
| | - S Sporton
- Department of Cardiology, St Bartholomew's Hospital, London, UK
| | - M Lowe
- Department of Cardiology, St Bartholomew's Hospital, London, UK
| | - M Finlay
- Department of Cardiology, St Bartholomew's Hospital, London, UK
| | - M J Earley
- Department of Cardiology, St Bartholomew's Hospital, London, UK
| | - P Lambiase
- Department of Cardiology, St Bartholomew's Hospital, London, UK
| | - R J Schilling
- Department of Cardiology, St Bartholomew's Hospital, London, UK
| | - R J Hunter
- Department of Cardiology, St Bartholomew's Hospital, London, UK
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Ahluwalia N, Graham A, Orini M, Williams S, Ahsan S, Khan F, Ezzat V, Sporton S, Earley M, Chow A, Lambiase P, Dhinoja M. P504VT ablation outcomes and predictors in a UK population- validating existing predictors and novel markers. Europace 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/europace/euaa162.319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Radiofrequency catheter ablation (CA) can reduce ventricular tachycardia (VT) burden and registry data suggests an improvement in mortality. However, there is significant heterogeneity in patient morbidity and VT phenotype. A risk prediction model derived from observational data has suggested pre-procedural left ventricular (LV) function, age and underlying ischaemic cardiomyopathy are associated with greater post-procedural mortality. Validation of proposed factors in clinical practice is required to facilitate comprehensive pre-procedural risk stratification and inform decision making.
Purpose
To determine whether proposed pre-procedural predictors of mortality after VTCA are valid in a UK population and explore any association with other predictors.
Method
Patients undergoing VTCA at a tertiary electrophysiology centre between 06/07/16 and 31/07/19 were included. Pre-specified characteristics and mortality follow-up data were analysed from electronic health records. Cox regression analysis was undertaken to determine association with mortality.
Results
161 patients with mean age of 63 ±15.9 years underwent VTCA of whom 133 (83%) were male. During the follow-up period (16 months, 13-24; median, 1st-3rd quartile) 16 patients died. No deaths occured in the 27 (16%) patients with structurally normal hearts. Chronic kidney disease (CKD) stage III-IV (HR 14.73 [4.9-44.4]), LV ejection fraction <35% (HR 7.13 [1.59-31.88]), underlying ischaemic cardiomyopathy (HR 6.17 [1.37-27.85]), LV internal diameter (LVID) (1.08 [1.02-1.15]) and age (HR 1.08 [1.02-1.14]) were associated with significantly greater mortality risk (Table 1) (Figure 1).
Conclusion
Proposed risk stratifying factors are validated in our UK centre’s experience. Additionally, CKD and baseline LVID appear to be associated with mortality in our population and warrant further study.
Risk factor Hazard ratio Lower confidence interval Upper confidence interval P-value Atrial fibrillation (yes/no) 0.14 0.02 1.11 0.06 Age (years) 1.08 1.02 1.14 <0.01 Diabetes (yes/no) 2.43 0.85 6.92 0.10 Chronic kidney disease (yes/no) 14.73 4.88 44.41 <0.01 Ischaemic cardiomyopathy (yes/no) 6.17 1.37 27.85 0.02 LV EF <35% (yes/no) 7.13 1.59 31.88 <0.01 LV internal diameter (mm) 1.08 1.02 1.15 <0.01 Procedural urgency (urgent/elective) 1.12 0.57 2.20 0.75 Table 1: Association between baseline risk factors and mortality risk after VT catheter ablation
Abstract Figure 1: Kaplan-Meier survival curves
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Affiliation(s)
- N Ahluwalia
- Barts Heart Centre, London, United Kingdom of Great Britain & Northern Ireland
| | - A Graham
- Barts Heart Centre, London, United Kingdom of Great Britain & Northern Ireland
| | - M Orini
- University College London, Dept of Mechanical Engineering, London, United Kingdom of Great Britain & Northern Ireland
| | - S Williams
- Barts Heart Centre, London, United Kingdom of Great Britain & Northern Ireland
| | - S Ahsan
- Barts Heart Centre, London, United Kingdom of Great Britain & Northern Ireland
| | - F Khan
- Barts Heart Centre, London, United Kingdom of Great Britain & Northern Ireland
| | - V Ezzat
- Barts Heart Centre, London, United Kingdom of Great Britain & Northern Ireland
| | - S Sporton
- Barts Heart Centre, London, United Kingdom of Great Britain & Northern Ireland
| | - M Earley
- Barts Heart Centre, London, United Kingdom of Great Britain & Northern Ireland
| | - A Chow
- Barts Heart Centre, London, United Kingdom of Great Britain & Northern Ireland
| | - P Lambiase
- Barts Heart Centre, London, United Kingdom of Great Britain & Northern Ireland
| | - M Dhinoja
- Barts Heart Centre, London, United Kingdom of Great Britain & Northern Ireland
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Cordova M, Shada K, Demeter DV, Doyle O, Miranda-Dominguez O, Perrone A, Schifsky E, Graham A, Fombonne E, Langhorst B, Nigg J, Fair DA, Feczko E. Heterogeneity of executive function revealed by a functional random forest approach across ADHD and ASD. Neuroimage Clin 2020; 26:102245. [PMID: 32217469 PMCID: PMC7109457 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2020.102245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2019] [Revised: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Those with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and/or attention-deficit-hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) exhibit symptoms of hyperactivity and inattention, causing significant hardships for families and society. A potential mechanism involved in these conditions is atypical executive function (EF). Inconsistent findings highlight that EF features may be shared or distinct across ADHD and ASD. With ADHD and ASD each also being heterogeneous, we hypothesized that there may be nested subgroups across disorders with shared or unique underlying mechanisms. METHODS Participants (N = 130) included adolescents aged 7-16 with ASD (n = 64) and ADHD (n = 66). Typically developing (TD) participants (n = 28) were included for a comparative secondary sub-group analysis. Parents completed the K-SADS and youth completed an extended battery of executive and other cognitive measures. A two stage hybrid machine learning tool called functional random forest (FRF) was applied as a classification approach and then subsequently to subgroup identification. We input 43 EF variables to the classification step, a supervised random forest procedure in which the features estimated either hyperactive or inattentive ADHD symptoms per model. The FRF then produced proximity matrices and identified optimal subgroups via the infomap algorithm (a type of community detection derived from graph theory). Resting state functional connectivity MRI (rs-fMRI) was used to evaluate the neurobiological validity of the resulting subgroups. RESULTS Both hyperactive (Mean absolute error (MAE) = 0.72, Null model MAE = 0.8826, (t(58) = -4.9, p < .001) and inattentive (MAE = 0.7, Null model MAE = 0.85, t(58) = -4.4, p < .001) symptoms were predicted better than chance by the EF features selected. Subgroup identification was robust (Hyperactive: Q = 0.2356, p < .001; Inattentive: Q = 0.2350, p < .001). Two subgroups representing severe and mild symptomology were identified for each symptom domain. Neuroimaging data revealed that the subgroups and TD participants significantly differed within and between multiple functional brain networks, but no consistent "severity" patterns of over or under connectivity were observed between subgroups and TD. CONCLUSION The FRF estimated hyperactive/inattentive symptoms and identified 2 distinct subgroups per model, revealing distinct neurocognitive profiles of Severe and Mild EF performance per model. Differences in functional connectivity between subgroups did not appear to follow a severity pattern based on symptom expression, suggesting a more complex mechanistic interaction that cannot be attributed to symptom presentation alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michaela Cordova
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health and Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Portland, OR 97221, USA.
| | - Kiryl Shada
- Division of Developmental/Behavioral Pediatrics and Psychology; Rainbow Babies & Children's Hospital, 11100 Euclid Ave., Cleveland, OH 44106, USA.
| | - Damion V Demeter
- Department of Psychology; U. Texas Austin, Austin, TX; University of Texas at Austin, 108 E Dean Keeton St., Austin, TX 78712, USA.
| | - Olivia Doyle
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health and Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Portland, OR 97221, USA.
| | - Oscar Miranda-Dominguez
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health and Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Portland, OR 97221, USA.
| | - Anders Perrone
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health and Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Portland, OR 97221, USA.
| | - Emma Schifsky
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health and Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Portland, OR 97221, USA
| | - Alice Graham
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health and Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Portland, OR 97221, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Oregon Health and Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Portland, OR 97221, USA.
| | - Eric Fombonne
- Department of Psychiatry, Oregon Health and Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Portland, OR 97221, USA.
| | - Beth Langhorst
- Center for Spoken Language Understanding, Oregon Health and Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Portland, OR 97221, USA.
| | - Joel Nigg
- Department of Psychiatry, Oregon Health and Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Portland, OR 97221, USA.
| | - Damien A Fair
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health and Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Portland, OR 97221, USA; Advanced Imaging Research Center, Oregon Health and Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Portland, OR 97221, USA.
| | - Eric Feczko
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health and Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Portland, OR 97221, USA; Department of Medical Informatics and Clinical Epidemiology; Oregon Health and Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Portland, OR 97221, USA.
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Marek S, Tervo-Clemmens B, Nielsen AN, Wheelock MD, Miller RL, Laumann TO, Earl E, Foran WW, Cordova M, Doyle O, Perrone A, Miranda-Dominguez O, Feczko E, Sturgeon D, Graham A, Hermosillo R, Snider K, Galassi A, Nagel BJ, Ewing SWF, Eggebrecht AT, Garavan H, Dale AM, Greene DJ, Barch DM, Fair DA, Luna B, Dosenbach NUF. Identifying reproducible individual differences in childhood functional brain networks: An ABCD study. Dev Cogn Neurosci 2019; 40:100706. [PMID: 31614255 PMCID: PMC6927479 DOI: 10.1016/j.dcn.2019.100706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2019] [Revised: 08/01/2019] [Accepted: 08/21/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The 21-site Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study provides an unparalleled opportunity to characterize functional brain development via resting-state functional connectivity (RSFC) and to quantify relationships between RSFC and behavior. This multi-site data set includes potentially confounding sources of variance, such as differences between data collection sites and/or scanner manufacturers, in addition to those inherent to RSFC (e.g., head motion). The ABCD project provides a framework for characterizing and reproducing RSFC and RSFC-behavior associations, while quantifying the extent to which sources of variability bias RSFC estimates. We quantified RSFC and functional network architecture in 2,188 9-10-year old children from the ABCD study, segregated into demographically-matched discovery (N = 1,166) and replication datasets (N = 1,022). We found RSFC and network architecture to be highly reproducible across children. We did not observe strong effects of site; however, scanner manufacturer effects were large, reproducible, and followed a "short-to-long" association with distance between regions. Accounting for potential confounding variables, we replicated that RSFC between several higher-order networks was related to general cognition. In sum, we provide a framework for how to characterize RSFC-behavior relationships in a rigorous and reproducible manner using the ABCD dataset and other large multi-site projects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott Marek
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA.
| | | | - Ashley N Nielsen
- Department of Medical Social Sciences, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Muriah D Wheelock
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Ryland L Miller
- Department of Neurology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Timothy O Laumann
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Eric Earl
- Departments of Psychiatry & Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR 97213, USA
| | - William W Foran
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh PA, 15213, USA
| | - Michaela Cordova
- Departments of Psychiatry & Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR 97213, USA
| | - Olivia Doyle
- Departments of Psychiatry & Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR 97213, USA
| | - Anders Perrone
- Departments of Psychiatry & Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR 97213, USA
| | - Oscar Miranda-Dominguez
- Departments of Psychiatry & Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR 97213, USA
| | - Eric Feczko
- Departments of Psychiatry & Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR 97213, USA; Department of Medical Informatics and Clinical Epidemiology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, 97213, USA
| | - Darrick Sturgeon
- Departments of Psychiatry & Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR 97213, USA
| | - Alice Graham
- Departments of Psychiatry & Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR 97213, USA
| | - Robert Hermosillo
- Departments of Psychiatry & Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR 97213, USA
| | - Kathy Snider
- Departments of Psychiatry & Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR 97213, USA
| | - Anthony Galassi
- Departments of Psychiatry & Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR 97213, USA
| | - Bonnie J Nagel
- Departments of Psychiatry & Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR 97213, USA
| | - Sarah W Feldstein Ewing
- Departments of Psychiatry & Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR 97213, USA
| | - Adam T Eggebrecht
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Hugh Garavan
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont, Burlington VT 05401, USA
| | - Anders M Dale
- Department of Radiology, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Deanna J Greene
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA; Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Deanna M Barch
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA; Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA; Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Damien A Fair
- Departments of Psychiatry & Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR 97213, USA
| | - Beatriz Luna
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh PA, 15213, USA
| | - Nico U F Dosenbach
- Department of Neurology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA; Department of Radiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
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Lightbody R, Dempsie Y, Graham A. Induction Of Hsa-Mir-Let-7D-5P In Cholesterol-Loaded Macrophages: Links With Inflammation. Atherosclerosis 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2019.06.731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Maghradze D, Aslanishvili A, Mdinaradze I, Tkemaladze D, Mekhuzla L, Lordkipanidze D, Jalabadze M, Kvavadze E, Rusishvili N, McGovern P, This P, Bacilieri R, Failla O, Cola G, Mariani L, Toffolatti S, Lorenzis GD, Bianco P, Quaglino F, Wales N, Gilbert M, Bouby L, Kazeli T, Ujmajuridze L, Mamasakhlisashili L, Batiuk S, Graham A, Boaretto E, Cheishvili A, Davitashvili AL. Progress for research of grape and wine culture in Georgia, the South Caucasus. BIO Web Conf 2019. [DOI: 10.1051/bioconf/20191203003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
This communication will provide the latest information about the progress of the “Research Project for the Study of Georgian Grapes and Wine Culture”, managed by the National Wine Agency of Georgia since 2014. Local and foreign institutions continue to work together with the aim of stimulating multidisciplinary scientific research activity on Georgian viticulture and viniculture and to reconstruct their development from Neolithic civilizations to the present. The project is multidisciplinary in nature, merging contributions from archaeology, history, ethnography, molecular genetics, biomolecular archaeology, palaeobotany, ampelography, enology, climatology and other scientific fields.
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Santos-Rivera M, Johnson-Ulrich L, Graham A, Willis E, Kouba AJ, Vance CK. 106 Assessment of fecal near infrared reflectance spectroscopy to detect and monitor the reproductive status of endangered Amur and Snow leopard females. Reprod Fertil Dev 2019. [DOI: 10.1071/rdv31n1ab106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Feces from captive and wild carnivores can yield valuable information about an individuals’ physiological and reproductive status, diet, and ecology. Near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) is a rapid, noninvasive, cost-efficient technique widely used in the agricultural, pharmaceutical, and chemical industries that has gained traction in diagnostic and ecological field applications for herbivore species, such as wild deer, antelope, and giant panda. The aim of this study was to test the transferability of NIRS to measuring reproductive status in feces from 2 endangered carnivore species, the Snow (Panthera uncia) and Amur (Panthera pardus orientalis) leopards. Fecal near infrared spectra analysed with multivariate statistics were used to generate prediction models for estrone-3-glucuronide (E1G) and progesterone (P4). In the E1G NIRS model, fecal samples (n=93) were obtained from 5 female leopards (3 Amur, 2 Snow) at 5 different zoo facilities, whereas for the P4 NIRS model fecal samples (n=51) from only 1 pregnant Amur leopard was available. The hormones were extracted with methanol and quantified by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (C. Munroe), where the sample range for E1G was 0.20-2.17 μg/g and the range for P4 was 0.06-61.89 μg/g. The near infrared spectra (350-2500nm) were acquired with an ASD FieldSpec®3 portable spectrometer (Malvern Panalytical, Malvern, UK), and the chemometric analysis was realised using the Unscrambler® X v.10.4 (CAMO Software AS, Oslo, Norway). Hormone reference values were log transformed before chemometric analysis to account for the heterogeneity of variance. Spectral pretreatment of standard normal variate was applied to the truncated wavelength range 700-240 0nm in order to remove interference from the visible region (350-700nm) due to individual diets that can confer colour variants that alter spectral signatures. Initial principal component analysis for the E1G and P4 datasets models showed >95% of the variation was explained by 4 factors, with no separation of principal component analysis scores between species or reproductive status. Quantitative prediction models using partial least-squares regression on selected wavelength ranges yielded a coefficient of determination for E1G and P4 of 0.10-0.04 and 0.35-0.19 for calibrations and validations, respectively. These near infrared models require further mathematical processing and consideration of sample variation due to diet complexity in carnivores in order to accurately assess hormone levels and monitor reproductive cycles in these species.
This work was supported by USDA-ARS Biophotonics Initiative grant #58-6402-3-018.
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Lees KE, Lang D, Graham A, Burnett J, Olsen B, Sivers-Teixeira T, Rosen AE, Elman A. AN ENVIRONMENTAL SCAN OF EMPIRICAL AND PRACTICE-BASED EVIDENCE TO INFORM CARE MODEL DEVELOPMENT. Innov Aging 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/geroni/igy023.728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- K E Lees
- Northeastern University, West Roxbury, Massachusetts, United States
| | - D Lang
- University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - A Graham
- Executive Office of Elder Affairs, Boston, MA, USA
| | - J Burnett
- University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX, USA; Texas Elder Abuse and Mistreatment Institute, Houston, TX, USA
| | - B Olsen
- University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX, USA; Texas Elder Abuse and Mistreatment Institute, Houston, TX, USA
| | - T Sivers-Teixeira
- Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - A E Rosen
- Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA; New York-Presbyterian Health Care System, New York, NY, USA
| | - A Elman
- Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
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Graham A, Langston A, Griffiths P. DEMENTIA AND THE LOADED GUN: KEEPING AND BEARING ARMS WHEN COGNITION AND CAPACITY BECOME COMPROMISED. Innov Aging 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/geroni/igy023.459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Nothnick W, Falcone T, Swan K, Graham A. MIR-144/MIR-451 cluster expression, regulation and functional significance in endometriosis. Fertil Steril 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2018.07.1082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Graham A, Cantlay K. Fluid balance in peri-operative and critical care staff. Br J Anaesth 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bja.2017.11.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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Graham A, Knopf B, Sandberg FB, Soltwedel KT, Bible MR, Greiner L. 349 Evaluation of a Fenugreek Extract Fed to Sows from 90 Days of Gestation through Lactation on Sow and Litter Performance. J Anim Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/jas/sky073.346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- A Graham
- Carthage Innovative Swine Solutions, LLC, Carthage, IL
| | - B Knopf
- Carthage Innovative Swine Solutions, LLC, Carthage, IL
| | | | | | | | - L Greiner
- Carthage Innovative Swine Solutions, LLC, Carthage, IL
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Boessen C, Graham A, Greiner L, Knopf B, Touchette KJ, Goncalves MAD, Orlando UAD. 317 The Standardized Ileal Digestibile Valine:Lysine Requirement in Lactating Sows. J Anim Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/jas/sky073.314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- C Boessen
- Carthage Innovative Swine Solutions, LLC, Carthage, IL
| | - A Graham
- Carthage Innovative Swine Solutions, LLC, Carthage, IL
| | - L Greiner
- Carthage Innovative Swine Solutions, LLC, Carthage, IL
| | - B Knopf
- Carthage Innovative Swine Solutions, LLC, Carthage, IL
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Ochoa L, Graham A, Greiner L, Knopf B, Goncalves MAD, Cast W, Orlando UAD. 344 Evaluation of Supplementation of Potassium Chloride and Choline Chloride in High Feed Grade Amino Acid Finishing Diets. J Anim Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/jas/sky073.341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- L Ochoa
- Carthage Innovative Swine Solutions, LLC, Carthage, IL
| | - A Graham
- Carthage Innovative Swine Solutions, LLC, Carthage, IL
| | - L Greiner
- Carthage Innovative Swine Solutions, LLC, Carthage, IL
| | - B Knopf
- Carthage Innovative Swine Solutions, LLC, Carthage, IL
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Jendza JA, Chen HY, Graham A. 120 Pre-Slaughter Feed Acidification with Feed Grade Sodium Formate Reduces Microbial Abundance in Finishing Pigs. J Anim Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/jas/sky073.118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - A Graham
- Carthage Innovative Swine Solutions, LLC, Carthage, IL
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Graham A, Greiner L, Knopf B, Goncalves MAD, Cast W, Orlando UAD. 286 Evaluation of the Lactose Level and Organic Acid Inclusion in Newly Weaned Pigs. J Anim Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/jas/sky073.283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- A Graham
- Carthage Innovative Swine Solutions, LLC, Carthage, IL
| | - L Greiner
- Carthage Innovative Swine Solutions, LLC, Carthage, IL
| | - B Knopf
- Carthage Innovative Swine Solutions, LLC, Carthage, IL
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