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Marchitelli R, Paillère-Martinot ML, Bourvis N, Guerin-Langlois C, Kipman A, Trichard C, Douniol M, Stordeur C, Galinowski A, Filippi I, Bertschy G, Weibel S, Granger B, Limosin F, Cohen D, Martinot JL, Artiges E. Dynamic functional connectivity in adolescence-onset major depression: relationships with severity and symptom dimensions. Biol Psychiatry Cogn Neurosci Neuroimaging 2021; 7:385-396. [PMID: 34051395 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpsc.2021.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Revised: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The spatial functional chronnectome is an innovative mathematical model designed to capture dynamic features in the organization of brain function derived from resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) data. Measurements of dynamic functional connectivity (dFC) have been developed from this model to quantify the brain dynamical self-reconfigurations at different spatial and temporal scales. This study examined whether two spatiotemporal dFC quantifications were linked to late adolescence-onset major depressive disorder (AO-MDD), and scaled with depression and symptom severity measured with the Montgomery-Asberg depression rating scale (MADRS) Methods: Thirty-five AO-MDD patients (21±6y) and fifty-three age- and gender-matched healthy young participants (20±3y) underwent 3T MRI structural and rs-fMRI acquisitions. The chronnectome here comprised seven individualized functional networks portrayed along 132 temporal overlapping windows, each framing 110s of resting brain activity Results: Based on voxelwise analyses, AO-MDD patients demonstrated significantly reduced temporal variability within the bilateral prefrontal cortex in five functional networks including the limbic network, the default-mode network (DMN) and frontoparietal network (FPN). Furthermore, the limbic network appeared to be particularly involved in this sample, and was associated with MADRS scores, and its progressive dynamic inflexibility was linked to sadness. DMN and FPN dynamics scaled with negative thoughts and neurovegetative symptoms, respectively Conclusions: This triple-network imbalance could delay spatiotemporal integration, while across-subject symptom variability would be network-specific. Therefore, the present approach supports that brain network dynamics underlie patients' symptom heterogeneity in AO-MDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rocco Marchitelli
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1299 "Trajectoires développementales & psychiatrie", Centre Borelli, Ecole Normale Supérieure Paris-Saclay, University Paris-Saclay/Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Gif-sur-Yvette, France.
| | - Marie-Laure Paillère-Martinot
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1299 "Trajectoires développementales & psychiatrie", Centre Borelli, Ecole Normale Supérieure Paris-Saclay, University Paris-Saclay/Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Gif-sur-Yvette, France; Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Nadège Bourvis
- Maison des Adolescents du Var (MDA83), Pôle de Psychiatrie Infanto-Juvénile, Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal Toulon - la Seyne sur mer, Toulon, France
| | - Christophe Guerin-Langlois
- Department of Psychiatry and Addictology, Hôpital Corentin Celton, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris Descartes University, Paris, France
| | - Amélie Kipman
- Psychiatry Department, Hôtel-Dieu Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Christian Trichard
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1299 "Trajectoires développementales & psychiatrie", Centre Borelli, Ecole Normale Supérieure Paris-Saclay, University Paris-Saclay/Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Gif-sur-Yvette, France; Psychiatry Department, EPS Barthélémy Durand, Etampes, France
| | - Marie Douniol
- Centre médico-psychologique pour adolescents, Sceaux, France
| | - Coline Stordeur
- Service de Psychiatrie de l'Enfant et de l'Adolescent, Hôpital Robert Debré, Paris, France
| | - André Galinowski
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1299 "Trajectoires développementales & psychiatrie", Centre Borelli, Ecole Normale Supérieure Paris-Saclay, University Paris-Saclay/Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Irina Filippi
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1299 "Trajectoires développementales & psychiatrie", Centre Borelli, Ecole Normale Supérieure Paris-Saclay, University Paris-Saclay/Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Gilles Bertschy
- Psychiatry Department, Hôpital Civil de Strasbourg, Strasbourg University, Strasbourg, France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1114, Strasbourg University, Strasbourg, France
| | - Sébastien Weibel
- Psychiatry Department, Hôpital Civil de Strasbourg, Strasbourg University, Strasbourg, France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1114, Strasbourg University, Strasbourg, France
| | - Bernard Granger
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1299 "Trajectoires développementales & psychiatrie", Centre Borelli, Ecole Normale Supérieure Paris-Saclay, University Paris-Saclay/Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Gif-sur-Yvette, France; Psychiatry Department, Tarnier Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, University Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Frédéric Limosin
- Department of Psychiatry and Addictology, Hôpital Corentin Celton, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris Descartes University, Paris, France
| | - David Cohen
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Luc Martinot
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1299 "Trajectoires développementales & psychiatrie", Centre Borelli, Ecole Normale Supérieure Paris-Saclay, University Paris-Saclay/Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Gif-sur-Yvette, France.
| | - Eric Artiges
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1299 "Trajectoires développementales & psychiatrie", Centre Borelli, Ecole Normale Supérieure Paris-Saclay, University Paris-Saclay/Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Gif-sur-Yvette, France; Psychiatry Department, EPS Barthélémy Durand, Etampes, France
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2
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Galinowski A, Miranda R, Lemaitre H, Artiges E, Paillère Martinot M, Filippi I, Penttilä J, Grimmer Y, Noort BM, Stringaris A, Becker A, Isensee C, Struve M, Fadai T, Kappel V, Goodman R, Banaschewski T, Bokde AL, Bromberg U, Brühl R, Büchel C, Cattrell A, Conrod P, Desrivières S, Flor H, Fröhner JH, Frouin V, Gallinat J, Garavan H, Gowland P, Heinz A, Hohmann S, Jurk S, Millenet S, Nees F, Papadopoulos‐Orfanos D, Poustka L, Quinlan EB, Smolka MN, Walter H, Whelan R, Schumann G, Martinot J. Heavy drinking in adolescents is associated with change in brainstem microstructure and reward sensitivity. Addict Biol 2020; 25:e12781. [PMID: 31328396 DOI: 10.1111/adb.12781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2018] [Revised: 03/31/2019] [Accepted: 05/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Heavy drinker adolescents: altered brainstem microstructure.
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Affiliation(s)
- André Galinowski
- INSERM, UMR 1000, Research Unit “Neuroimaging and Psychiatry”, Paris Saclay University, Paris Descartes University, DIGITEO Labs, Gif sur Yvette France
| | - Ruben Miranda
- INSERM, UMR 1000, Research Unit “Neuroimaging and Psychiatry”, Paris Saclay University, Paris Descartes University, DIGITEO Labs, Gif sur Yvette France
- Department of Psychiatry and AddictologyPaul Brousse Hospital Villejuif France
| | - Hervé Lemaitre
- INSERM, UMR 1000, Research Unit “Neuroimaging and Psychiatry”, Paris Saclay University, Paris Descartes University, DIGITEO Labs, Gif sur Yvette France
| | - Eric Artiges
- INSERM, UMR 1000, Research Unit “Neuroimaging and Psychiatry”, Paris Saclay University, Paris Descartes University, DIGITEO Labs, Gif sur Yvette France
- Center for Neuroimaging Research (CENIR)Brain & Spine Institute Paris France
- Psychiatry Department 91G16Orsay Hospital Orsay France
| | - Marie‐Laure Paillère Martinot
- INSERM, UMR 1000, Research Unit “Neuroimaging and Psychiatry”, Paris Saclay University, Paris Descartes University, DIGITEO Labs, Gif sur Yvette France
- Department of Child and Adolescent PsychiatryPitié‐Salpêtrière Hospital Paris France
| | - Irina Filippi
- INSERM, UMR 1000, Research Unit “Neuroimaging and Psychiatry”, Paris Saclay University, Paris Descartes University, DIGITEO Labs, Gif sur Yvette France
| | - Jani Penttilä
- Department of Social and Health CarePsychosocial Services Adolescent Outpatient Clinic Lahti Finland
| | - Yvonne Grimmer
- Department of Cognitive and Clinical Neuroscience, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty MannheimHeidelberg University Mannheim Germany
| | - Betteke M. Noort
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Campus Charité MitteCharité‐Universitätsmedizin Berlin Berlin Germany
| | - Argyris Stringaris
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & NeuroscienceKing's College London London UK
| | - Andreas Becker
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and PsychotherapyUniversity Medical Centre Göttingen Göttingen Germany
| | - Corinna Isensee
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and PsychotherapyUniversity Medical Centre Göttingen Göttingen Germany
| | - Maren Struve
- Department of Cognitive and Clinical Neuroscience, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty MannheimHeidelberg University Mannheim Germany
| | - Tahmine Fadai
- Department of Systems NeuroscienceUniversity Medical Centre Hamburg‐Eppendorf Hamburg Germany
| | - Viola Kappel
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Campus Charité MitteCharité‐Universitätsmedizin Berlin Berlin Germany
| | - Robert Goodman
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & NeuroscienceKing's College London London UK
| | - Tobias Banaschewski
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty MannheimHeidelberg University Mannheim Germany
| | - Arun L.W. Bokde
- Discipline of Psychiatry, School of Medicine and Trinity College Institute of NeurosciencesTrinity College Dublin Ireland
| | - Uli Bromberg
- Department of Systems NeuroscienceUniversity Medical Centre Hamburg‐Eppendorf Hamburg Germany
| | - Rüdiger Brühl
- Physikalisch‐Technische Bundesanstalt, Abbestr. 2 ‐ 12 Berlin Germany
| | - Christian Büchel
- Department of Systems NeuroscienceUniversity Medical Centre Hamburg‐Eppendorf Hamburg Germany
| | - Anna Cattrell
- Medical Research Council—Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & NeuroscienceKing's College London London UK
| | - Patricia Conrod
- Department of PsychiatryMontreal University, CHU Ste Justine Hospital 3175 Côte-Ste-Catherine Montréal, Québec, H3T 1C5 Canada
| | - Sylvane Desrivières
- Medical Research Council—Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & NeuroscienceKing's College London London UK
| | - Herta Flor
- Department of Cognitive and Clinical Neuroscience, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty MannheimHeidelberg University Mannheim Germany
| | - Juliane H. Fröhner
- Department of Psychiatry and PsychotherapyUniversity Medical Center Hamburg‐Eppendorf Hamburg Germany
| | - Vincent Frouin
- Neurospin, Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique, CEA‐Saclay Center Paris France
| | - Juergen Gallinat
- Department of Psychiatry and PsychotherapyUniversity Medical Center Hamburg‐Eppendorf Hamburg Germany
| | - Hugh Garavan
- Department of PsychiatryUniversity of Vermont Burlington Vermont
- Department of PsychologyUniversity of Vermont Burlington Vermont
| | - Penny Gowland
- Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre School of Physics and AstronomyUniversity of Nottingham, University Park Nottingham UK
| | - Andreas Heinz
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Campus Charité MitteCharité‐Universitätsmedizin Berlin Berlin Germany
| | - Sarah Hohmann
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty MannheimHeidelberg University Mannheim Germany
| | - Sarah Jurk
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuroimaging CenterTechnische Universität Dresden Dresden Germany
| | - Sabina Millenet
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty MannheimHeidelberg University Mannheim Germany
| | - Frauke Nees
- Department of Cognitive and Clinical Neuroscience, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty MannheimHeidelberg University Mannheim Germany
| | | | - Luise Poustka
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty MannheimHeidelberg University Mannheim Germany
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and PsychotherapyMedical University of Vienna Vienna Austria
| | - Erin Burke Quinlan
- Department of Psychological Medicine and Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & NeuroscienceKing's College London London UK
| | - Michael N. Smolka
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuroimaging CenterTechnische Universität Dresden Dresden Germany
| | - Henrik Walter
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Campus Charité MitteCharité‐Universitätsmedizin Berlin Berlin Germany
| | - Robert Whelan
- Department of PsychologyUniversity College Dublin Ireland
| | - Gunter Schumann
- Medical Research Council—Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & NeuroscienceKing's College London London UK
| | - Jean‐Luc Martinot
- INSERM, UMR 1000, Research Unit “Neuroimaging and Psychiatry”, Paris Saclay University, Paris Descartes University, DIGITEO Labs, Gif sur Yvette France
- Center for Neuroimaging Research (CENIR)Brain & Spine Institute Paris France
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3
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Sandu AL, Artiges E, Galinowski A, Gallarda T, Bellivier F, Lemaitre H, Granger B, Ringuenet D, Tzavara ET, Martinot JL, Paillère Martinot ML. Amygdala and regional volumes in treatment-resistant versus nontreatment-resistant depression patients. Depress Anxiety 2017; 34:1065-1071. [PMID: 28792656 DOI: 10.1002/da.22675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2016] [Revised: 04/22/2017] [Accepted: 06/29/2017] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although treatment-resistant and nontreatment-resistant depressed patients show structural brain anomalies relative to healthy controls, the difference in regional volumetry between these two groups remains undocumented. METHODS A whole-brain voxel-based morphometry (VBM) analysis of regional volumes was performed in 125 participants' magnetic resonance images obtained on a 1.5 Tesla scanner; 41 had treatment-resistant depression (TRD), 40 nontreatment-resistant depression (non-TRD), and 44 were healthy controls. The groups were comparable for age and gender. Bipolar/unipolar features as well as pharmacological treatment classes were taken into account as covariates. RESULTS TRD patients had higher gray matter (GM) volume in the left and right amygdala than non-TRD patients. No difference was found between the TRD bipolar and the TRD unipolar patients, or between the non-TRD bipolar and non-TRD unipolar patients. An exploratory analysis showed that lithium-treated patients in both groups had higher GM volume in the superior and middle frontal gyri in both hemispheres. CONCLUSIONS Higher GM volume in amygdala detected in TRD patients might be seen in perspective with vulnerability to chronicity, revealed by medication resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anca-Larisa Sandu
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, INSERM Unit 1000 "Neuroimaging & Psychiatry", University Paris Sud-Paris Saclay, University Paris Descartes Service Hospitalier Frédéric Joliot, Orsay, France.,Aberdeen Biomedical Imaging Centre, Lilian Sutton Building, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
| | - Eric Artiges
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, INSERM Unit 1000 "Neuroimaging & Psychiatry", University Paris Sud-Paris Saclay, University Paris Descartes Service Hospitalier Frédéric Joliot, Orsay, France.,Department of Psychiatry 91G16, Orsay Hospital, Orsay, France
| | - André Galinowski
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, INSERM Unit 1000 "Neuroimaging & Psychiatry", University Paris Sud-Paris Saclay, University Paris Descartes Service Hospitalier Frédéric Joliot, Orsay, France
| | | | - Frank Bellivier
- APHP Department of Psychiatry, Fernand Widal Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Hervé Lemaitre
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, INSERM Unit 1000 "Neuroimaging & Psychiatry", University Paris Sud-Paris Saclay, University Paris Descartes Service Hospitalier Frédéric Joliot, Orsay, France
| | - Bernard Granger
- APHP Department of Psychiatry, Tarnier Hospital and University Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Damien Ringuenet
- Service de Psychiatrie et Addictologie, Hôpital Paul Brousse, APHP Villejuif, France
| | - Eleni T Tzavara
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, INSERM Unit 1000 "Neuroimaging & Psychiatry", University Paris Sud-Paris Saclay, University Paris Descartes Service Hospitalier Frédéric Joliot, Orsay, France.,APHP Department of Psychiatry, Tarnier Hospital and University Paris Descartes, Paris, France.,Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, INSERM Unit 1130, UPMC, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Luc Martinot
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, INSERM Unit 1000 "Neuroimaging & Psychiatry", University Paris Sud-Paris Saclay, University Paris Descartes Service Hospitalier Frédéric Joliot, Orsay, France.,INSERM Unit 1000 at Maison de Solenn, Paris, France
| | - Marie-Laure Paillère Martinot
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, INSERM Unit 1000 "Neuroimaging & Psychiatry", University Paris Sud-Paris Saclay, University Paris Descartes Service Hospitalier Frédéric Joliot, Orsay, France.,INSERM Unit 1000 at Maison de Solenn, Paris, France.,AP-HP Adolescents Psychopathology and Medicine Department, Maison de Solenn, Cochin Hospital and University Paris Descartes, Paris, France
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4
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Artiges E, Leroy C, Dubol M, Prat M, Pepin A, Mabondo A, de Beaurepaire R, Beaufils B, Korwin JP, Galinowski A, D’Albis MA, Santiago-Ribeiro MJ, Granger B, Tzavara ET, Martinot JL, Trichard C. Striatal and Extrastriatal Dopamine Transporter Availability in Schizophrenia and Its Clinical Correlates: A Voxel-Based and High-Resolution PET Study. Schizophr Bull 2017; 43:1134-1142. [PMID: 28177089 PMCID: PMC5581903 DOI: 10.1093/schbul/sbw192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Neuroimaging studies investigating dopamine (DA) function widely support the hypothesis of presynaptic striatal DA hyperactivity in schizophrenia. However, published data on the striatal DA transporter (DAT) appear less consistent with this hypothesis, probably partly due to methodological limitations. Moreover, DAT in extrastriatal regions has been very poorly investigated in the context of schizophrenia. In order to address these issues, we used a high resolution positron emission tomograph and the selective DAT radioligand [11C]PE2I, coupled with a whole brain voxel-based analysis method to investigate DAT availability in striatal but also extra-striatal regions in 21 male chronic schizophrenia patients compared to 30 healthy male controls matched by age. We found higher DAT availability in schizophrenia patients in midbrain, striatal, and limbic regions. DAT availability in amygdala/hippocampus and putamen/pallidum was positively correlated with hallucinations and suspiciousness/persecution, respectively. These results are consistent with an increase of presynaptic DA function in patients with schizophrenia, and support the involvement of both striatal and extrastriatal DA dysfunction in positive psychotic symptoms. The study also highlights the whole brain voxel-based analysis method to explore DA dysfunction in schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Artiges
- INSERM, Research Unit 1000 “Neuroimaging and Psychiatry”, Paris Sud University-Paris Saclay University and Paris Descartes University, Orsay, France;,GH Nord Essonne, Psychiatry Department 91G16, Orsay Hospital, Orsay, France;,To whom correspondence should be addressed; Service Hospitalier Frédéric Joliot, 4 place du Général Leclerc, 91401 Orsay cedex, France; tel: (33)-1-69-86-78-23, fax: (33)-1-69-86-78-10, e-mail:
| | - Claire Leroy
- INSERM, Research Unit 1000 “Neuroimaging and Psychiatry”, Paris Sud University-Paris Saclay University and Paris Descartes University, Orsay, France;,Laboratoire Imagerie Moléculaire In Vivo (IMIV), CEA, INSERM, CNRS, Paris Sud University-Paris Saclay University, CEA-SHFJ, Orsay, France
| | - Manon Dubol
- INSERM, Research Unit 1000 “Neuroimaging and Psychiatry”, Paris Sud University-Paris Saclay University and Paris Descartes University, Orsay, France
| | - Marie Prat
- INSERM, Research Unit 1000 “Neuroimaging and Psychiatry”, Paris Sud University-Paris Saclay University and Paris Descartes University, Orsay, France
| | - Audrey Pepin
- INSERM, Research Unit 1000 “Neuroimaging and Psychiatry”, Paris Sud University-Paris Saclay University and Paris Descartes University, Orsay, France
| | - Audrey Mabondo
- INSERM, Research Unit 1000 “Neuroimaging and Psychiatry”, Paris Sud University-Paris Saclay University and Paris Descartes University, Orsay, France
| | | | - Béatrice Beaufils
- Psychiatry Department, AP-HP, Corentin Celton Hospital, Issy-les-Moulineaux, France
| | | | - André Galinowski
- INSERM, Research Unit 1000 “Neuroimaging and Psychiatry”, Paris Sud University-Paris Saclay University and Paris Descartes University, Orsay, France
| | | | | | - Bernard Granger
- INSERM, Research Unit 1000 “Neuroimaging and Psychiatry”, Paris Sud University-Paris Saclay University and Paris Descartes University, Orsay, France;,APHP Tarnier Hospital, Psychiatry Department, Cochin Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Eleni T Tzavara
- INSERM, Research Unit 1000 “Neuroimaging and Psychiatry”, Paris Sud University-Paris Saclay University and Paris Descartes University, Orsay, France;,APHP Tarnier Hospital, Psychiatry Department, Cochin Hospital, Paris, France;,INSERM U1130 Research Unit, CNRS UMR 8246, UPMC UM CR18, Paris, France.
| | - Jean-Luc Martinot
- INSERM, Research Unit 1000 “Neuroimaging and Psychiatry”, Paris Sud University-Paris Saclay University and Paris Descartes University, Orsay, France;,These authors contributed equally to the article
| | - Christian Trichard
- INSERM, Research Unit 1000 “Neuroimaging and Psychiatry”, Paris Sud University-Paris Saclay University and Paris Descartes University, Orsay, France;,Psychiatry Department, Barthélémy Durand Hospital, Etampes, France;,These authors contributed equally to the article
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Paillère-Martinot ML, Galinowski A, Plaze M, Andoh J, Bartrés-Faz D, Bellivier F, Lefaucheur JP, Rivière D, Gallarda T, Martinot JL, Artiges E. Active and placebo transcranial magnetic stimulation effects on external and internal auditory hallucinations of schizophrenia. Acta Psychiatr Scand 2017; 135:228-238. [PMID: 27987221 DOI: 10.1111/acps.12680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) over the left temporo-parietal region has been proposed as a treatment for resistant auditory verbal hallucinations (AVH), but which patients are more likely to benefit from rTMS is still unclear. This study sought to assess the effects of rTMS on AVH, with a focus on hallucination phenomenology. METHOD Twenty-seven patients with schizophrenia and medication-resistant AVH participated to a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, add-on rTMS study. The stimulation targeted a language-perception area individually determined using functional magnetic resonance imaging and a language recognition task. AVH were assessed using the hallucination subscale of the Scale for the Assessment of Positive Symptoms (SAPS). The spatial location of AVH was assessed using the Psychotic Symptom Rating Scales. RESULTS A significant improvement in SAPS hallucination subscale score was observed in both actively treated and placebo-treated groups with no difference between both modalities. Patients with external AVH were significantly more improved than patients with internal AVH, with both modalities. CONCLUSIONS A marked placebo effect of rTMS was observed in patients with resistant AVH. Patients with prominent external AVH may be more likely to benefit from both active and placebo interventions. Cortical effects related to non-magnetic stimulation of the auditory cortex are suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- M-L Paillère-Martinot
- AP-HP, Department of Adolescent Psychopathology and Medicine, Maison de Solenn, Cochin Hospital, Paris, France.,INSERM, U 1000, Research unit 'Imaging & Psychiatry', Service Hospitalier Frédéric Joliot, Orsay, France.,Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France.,University Paris-Sud, and University Paris-Saclay, Orsay, France
| | - A Galinowski
- INSERM, U 1000, Research unit 'Imaging & Psychiatry', Service Hospitalier Frédéric Joliot, Orsay, France.,Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France.,University Paris-Sud, and University Paris-Saclay, Orsay, France.,SHU Department of Psychiatry, Sainte-Anne Hospital, Paris, France
| | - M Plaze
- INSERM, U 1000, Research unit 'Imaging & Psychiatry', Service Hospitalier Frédéric Joliot, Orsay, France.,Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France.,SHU Department of Psychiatry, Sainte-Anne Hospital, Paris, France
| | - J Andoh
- INSERM, U 1000, Research unit 'Imaging & Psychiatry', Service Hospitalier Frédéric Joliot, Orsay, France.,Department of Cognitive and Clinical Neuroscience, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - D Bartrés-Faz
- INSERM, U 1000, Research unit 'Imaging & Psychiatry', Service Hospitalier Frédéric Joliot, Orsay, France.,Department of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychobiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - F Bellivier
- AP-HP, Department of Psychiatry, Henri Mondor-Albert Chenevier Hospital, Créteil, France.,INSERM, U1144, Université Paris Diderot, Paris, France
| | - J-P Lefaucheur
- AP-HP, Physiology Department, Henri Mondor - Albert Chenevier Hospital, Créteil, France.,Université Paris 12, Créteil, France
| | - D Rivière
- CEA, LNAO, NeuroSpin, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - T Gallarda
- Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France.,SHU Department of Psychiatry, Sainte-Anne Hospital, Paris, France
| | - J-L Martinot
- INSERM, U 1000, Research unit 'Imaging & Psychiatry', Service Hospitalier Frédéric Joliot, Orsay, France.,Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France.,University Paris-Sud, and University Paris-Saclay, Orsay, France
| | - E Artiges
- INSERM, U 1000, Research unit 'Imaging & Psychiatry', Service Hospitalier Frédéric Joliot, Orsay, France.,Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France.,University Paris-Sud, and University Paris-Saclay, Orsay, France.,Psychiatry Department 91G16, GH Nord Essonne, Orsay, France
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De Maricourt P, Gorwood P, Hergueta T, Galinowski A, Salamon R, Diallo A, Vaugeois C, Lépine JP, Olié JP, Dubois O. Balneotherapy Together with a Psychoeducation Program for Benzodiazepine Withdrawal: A Feasibility Study. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med 2016; 2016:8961709. [PMID: 27956923 PMCID: PMC5124454 DOI: 10.1155/2016/8961709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2016] [Accepted: 10/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Benzodiazepines should be prescribed on a short-term basis, but a significant proportion of patients (%) use them for more than 6 months, constituting a serious public health issue. Indeed, few strategies are effective in helping patients to discontinue long-term benzodiazepine treatments. The aim of this study was to assess the feasibility and the impact of a program including cognitive behavioural therapy, psychoeducation, and balneotherapy in a spa resort to facilitate long-term discontinuation of benzodiazepines. We conducted a prospective multicentre cohort study. Patients with long-term benzodiazepine use were recruited with the aim of anxiolytic withdrawal by means of a psychoeducational program and daily balneotherapy during 3 weeks. The primary efficacy outcome measure was benzodiazepine use 6 months after the program, compared to use at baseline. A total of 70 subjects were enrolled. At 6 months, overall benzodiazepine intake had decreased by 75.3%, with 41.4% of patients completely stopping benzodiazepine use. The results also suggest a significantly greater improvement in anxiety and depression symptoms among patients who discontinued benzodiazepines compared to patients who only reduced their use. Our findings suggest that balneotherapy in association with a psychoeducative program is efficient in subjects with benzodiazepine addiction.
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Affiliation(s)
- P. De Maricourt
- Service Hospitalo Universitaire de Santé Mentale et de Thérapeutique, Université Paris Descartes, Centre Hospitalier Sainte Anne, Paris, France
- INSERM UMR 894, PRES Sorbonne Centre de Psychiatrie et Neurosciences, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - P. Gorwood
- INSERM UMR 894, PRES Sorbonne Centre de Psychiatrie et Neurosciences, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Th. Hergueta
- Laboratoire de Psychopathologie et Processus de Santé (EA 4057), Institut de Psychologie, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - A. Galinowski
- Service Hospitalo Universitaire de Santé Mentale et de Thérapeutique, Université Paris Descartes, Centre Hospitalier Sainte Anne, Paris, France
| | - R. Salamon
- Institute of Public Health, Epidemiology and Development “ISPED”, Bordeaux University, Bordeaux, France
| | - A. Diallo
- Institute of Public Health, Epidemiology and Development “ISPED”, Bordeaux University, Bordeaux, France
| | - C. Vaugeois
- Le Manoir Clinic, 09400 Ussat les Bains, France
| | - J. P. Lépine
- APHP, Département de Psychiatrie et de Médecine Addictologique, Hôpital Fernand Vidal, Paris, France
| | - J. P. Olié
- Service Hospitalo Universitaire de Santé Mentale et de Thérapeutique, Université Paris Descartes, Centre Hospitalier Sainte Anne, Paris, France
- INSERM UMR 894, PRES Sorbonne Centre de Psychiatrie et Neurosciences, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - O. Dubois
- Saujon Clinic, BP 30, 17600 Saujon, France
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7
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Burt KB, Whelan R, Conrod PJ, Banaschewski T, Barker GJ, Bokde ALW, Bromberg U, Büchel C, Fauth-Bühler M, Flor H, Galinowski A, Gallinat J, Gowland P, Heinz A, Ittermann B, Mann K, Nees F, Papadopoulos-Orfanos D, Paus T, Pausova Z, Poustka L, Rietschel M, Robbins TW, Smolka MN, Ströhle A, Schumann G, Garavan H. Structural brain correlates of adolescent resilience. J Child Psychol Psychiatry 2016; 57:1287-1296. [PMID: 27079174 DOI: 10.1111/jcpp.12552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite calls for integration of neurobiological methods into research on youth resilience (high competence despite high adversity), we know little about structural brain correlates of resilient functioning. The aim of the current study was to test for brain regions uniquely associated with positive functioning in the context of adversity, using detailed phenotypic classification. METHODS 1,870 European adolescents (Mage = 14.56 years, SDage = 0.44 years, 51.5% female) underwent MRI scanning and completed behavioral and psychological measures of stressful life events, academic competence, social competence, rule-abiding conduct, personality, and alcohol use. RESULTS The interaction of competence and adversity identified two regions centered on the right middle and superior frontal gyri; grey matter volumes in these regions were larger in adolescents experiencing adversity who showed positive adaptation. Differences in these regions among competence/adversity subgroups were maintained after controlling for several covariates and were robust to alternative operationalization decisions for key constructs. CONCLUSIONS We demonstrate structural brain correlates of adolescent resilience, and suggest that right prefrontal structures are implicated in adaptive functioning for youth who have experienced adversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keith B Burt
- Department of Psychology, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA.
| | - Robert Whelan
- Department of Psychology, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Patricia J Conrod
- Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London, UK.,Department of Psychiatry, CHU Ste Justine Hospital, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Tobias Banaschewski
- Department of Cognitive and Clinical Neuroscience, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | | | - Arun L W Bokde
- Institute of Neuroscience and Discipline of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Uli Bromberg
- Universitaetsklinikum Hamburg Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | | | - Mira Fauth-Bühler
- Department of Addictive Behaviour and Addiction Medicine, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Herta Flor
- Department of Cognitive and Clinical Neuroscience, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - André Galinowski
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, INSERM CEA Unit 1000 'Imaging & Psychiatry', University Paris Sud, Orsay, France.,AP-HP Department of Adolescent Psychopathology and Medicine, Maison de Solenn, University Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Juergen Gallinat
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Campus Charité Mitte, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Penny Gowland
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Andreas Heinz
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Campus Charité Mitte, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Bernd Ittermann
- Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB), Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Karl Mann
- Department of Addictive Behaviour and Addiction Medicine, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Frauke Nees
- Department of Cognitive and Clinical Neuroscience, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | | | - Tomas Paus
- Rotman Research Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,School of Psychology, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.,Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Zdenka Pausova
- The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Luise Poustka
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Marcella Rietschel
- Department of Cognitive and Clinical Neuroscience, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Trevor W Robbins
- Department of Experimental Psychology, Behavioural and Clinical Neurosciences Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Michael N Smolka
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuroimaging Center, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Andreas Ströhle
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Campus Charité Mitte, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Gunter Schumann
- Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London, UK.,MRC Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry (SGDP) Centre, London, UK
| | - Hugh Garavan
- Department of Psychology, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA.,Department of Psychology, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA
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8
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Galinowski A, Miranda R, Lemaitre H, Paillère Martinot ML, Artiges E, Vulser H, Goodman R, Penttilä J, Struve M, Barbot A, Fadai T, Poustka L, Conrod P, Banaschewski T, Barker GJ, Bokde A, Bromberg U, Büchel C, Flor H, Gallinat J, Garavan H, Heinz A, Ittermann B, Kappel V, Lawrence C, Loth E, Mann K, Nees F, Paus T, Pausova Z, Poline JB, Rietschel M, Robbins TW, Smolka M, Schumann G, Martinot JL. Resilience and corpus callosum microstructure in adolescence. Psychol Med 2015; 45:2285-2294. [PMID: 25817177 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291715000239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Resilience is the capacity of individuals to resist mental disorders despite exposure to stress. Little is known about its neural underpinnings. The putative variation of white-matter microstructure with resilience in adolescence, a critical period for brain maturation and onset of high-prevalence mental disorders, has not been assessed by diffusion tensor imaging (DTI). Lower fractional anisotropy (FA) though, has been reported in the corpus callosum (CC), the brain's largest white-matter structure, in psychiatric and stress-related conditions. We hypothesized that higher FA in the CC would characterize stress-resilient adolescents. METHOD Three groups of adolescents recruited from the community were compared: resilient with low risk of mental disorder despite high exposure to lifetime stress (n = 55), at-risk of mental disorder exposed to the same level of stress (n = 68), and controls (n = 123). Personality was assessed by the NEO-Five Factor Inventory (NEO-FFI). Voxelwise statistics of DTI values in CC were obtained using tract-based spatial statistics. Regional projections were identified by probabilistic tractography. RESULTS Higher FA values were detected in the anterior CC of resilient compared to both non-resilient and control adolescents. FA values varied according to resilience capacity. Seed regional changes in anterior CC projected onto anterior cingulate and frontal cortex. Neuroticism and three other NEO-FFI factor scores differentiated non-resilient participants from the other two groups. CONCLUSION High FA was detected in resilient adolescents in an anterior CC region projecting to frontal areas subserving cognitive resources. Psychiatric risk was associated with personality characteristics. Resilience in adolescence may be related to white-matter microstructure.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Galinowski
- INSERM,UMR 1000,Research unit Imaging and Psychiatry,Service Hospitalier Frédéric Joliot,Orsay,France
| | - R Miranda
- INSERM,UMR 1000,Research unit Imaging and Psychiatry,Service Hospitalier Frédéric Joliot,Orsay,France
| | - H Lemaitre
- INSERM,UMR 1000,Research unit Imaging and Psychiatry,Service Hospitalier Frédéric Joliot,Orsay,France
| | - M-L Paillère Martinot
- INSERM,UMR 1000,Research unit Imaging and Psychiatry,Service Hospitalier Frédéric Joliot,Orsay,France
| | - E Artiges
- INSERM,UMR 1000,Research unit Imaging and Psychiatry,Service Hospitalier Frédéric Joliot,Orsay,France
| | - H Vulser
- INSERM,UMR 1000,Research unit Imaging and Psychiatry,Service Hospitalier Frédéric Joliot,Orsay,France
| | - R Goodman
- King's College, London Institute of Psychiatry,London,UK
| | - J Penttilä
- Psychiatry Department,University of Tampere,School of Medicine, Tampere,Finland
| | - M Struve
- Department of Cognitive and Clinical Neuroscience,Central Institute of Mental Health,Medical Faculty Mannheim/Heidelberg University,Germany
| | | | - T Fadai
- Universitaetsklinikum Hamburg Eppendorf,Hamburg,Germany
| | - L Poustka
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy,Central Institute of Mental Health,Medical Faculty Mannheim/Heidelberg University,Germany
| | - P Conrod
- King's College, London Institute of Psychiatry,London,UK
| | - T Banaschewski
- Department of Cognitive and Clinical Neuroscience,Central Institute of Mental Health,Medical Faculty Mannheim/Heidelberg University,Germany
| | - G J Barker
- King's College, London Institute of Psychiatry,London,UK
| | - A Bokde
- Institute of Neuroscience and Department of Psychiatry,School of Medicine,Trinity College Dublin,Dublin,Ireland
| | - U Bromberg
- Universitaetsklinikum Hamburg Eppendorf,Hamburg,Germany
| | - C Büchel
- Universitaetsklinikum Hamburg Eppendorf,Hamburg,Germany
| | - H Flor
- Department of Cognitive and Clinical Neuroscience,Central Institute of Mental Health,Medical Faculty Mannheim/Heidelberg University,Germany
| | - J Gallinat
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy,Campus Charité Mitte,Charité-Universitätsmedizin,Berlin,Germany
| | - H Garavan
- Institute of Neuroscience,Trinity College Dublin,Dublin,Ireland
| | - A Heinz
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy,Campus Charité Mitte,Charité-Universitätsmedizin,Berlin,Germany
| | - B Ittermann
- Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB),Braunschweig und Berlin,Germany
| | - V Kappel
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry,Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy,Charité-Universitätsmedizin,Berlin,Germany
| | - C Lawrence
- School of Psychology,University of Nottingham,UK
| | - E Loth
- King's College, London Institute of Psychiatry,London,UK
| | - K Mann
- Department of Cognitive and Clinical Neuroscience,Central Institute of Mental Health,Medical Faculty Mannheim/Heidelberg University,Germany
| | - F Nees
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy,Central Institute of Mental Health,Medical Faculty Mannheim/Heidelberg University,Germany
| | - T Paus
- School of Psychology,University of Nottingham,UK
| | - Z Pausova
- Department of Physiology and Nutritional Sciences,The Hospital for Sick Children,University of Toronto,Toronto, ONT,Canada
| | | | - M Rietschel
- Department of Cognitive and Clinical Neuroscience,Central Institute of Mental Health,Medical Faculty Mannheim/Heidelberg University,Germany
| | - T W Robbins
- Department of Experimental Psychology,Behavioural and Clinical Neurosciences Institute,University of Cambridge,UK
| | - M Smolka
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy,Technische Universität Dresden,Germany
| | - G Schumann
- King's College, London Institute of Psychiatry,London,UK
| | - J-L Martinot
- INSERM,UMR 1000,Research unit Imaging and Psychiatry,Service Hospitalier Frédéric Joliot,Orsay,France
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9
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Dubois O, Hergueta T, Diallo A, Salamon R, Vaugeois C, de Maricourt P, Galinowski A. Protocole psychoéducatif en cure thermale pour sevrage de benzodiazépines : mise en place, faisabilité. Annales Médico-psychologiques, revue psychiatrique 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.amp.2015.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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10
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Galinowski A, Miranda M, Lemaitre H, Martinot MLP, Vulser H, Artiges E, Martinot JL. Resilience and brain connectivity. Eur Psychiatry 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpsy.2013.09.156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
A definition of resilience is the capacity to resist mental disorders despite exposure to stress. Little is known about its biological concomitants. In adults, biochemical and hormonal factors have been advocated. Smaller Corpus Callosum (CC) volume and lower Fractional Anisotropy (FA) have been observed in psychiatric and stress-related conditions. There is no Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI) study of resilience in adolescence, a critical lifetime period for neural and psychological maturation. We hypothesized that higher FA in the CC would characterize stress-resilient adolescents.MethodsThree community groups were compared: resilient adolescents – with low risk of mental disorder despite high exposure to lifetime stress, adolescents at risk of mental disorder exposed to the same level of stress, and controls. Personality was assessed by NEO Five Factor Inventory (NEO-FFI) and cognitive function by a battery of tests. Voxelwise statistics of DTI values in CC were obtained using Tract-Based Spatial Statistic. Regional projections were identified by probabilistic tractography.
resultsHigher FA values were detected in the anterior CC of resilient compared with both non-resilient and control adolescents. FA values varied according to resilience capacity. Regional changes in CC were in regions that project onto anterior cingulated and frontal cortex. Neuroticism and three other personality factors differentiated at risk adolescents from the other two groups.
ConclusionHigh FA was detected in resilient adolescents in an anterior CC region projecting to frontal areas subserving cognitive resources. Psychiatric risk in adolescents was associated with personality characteristics. Resilience in adolescence may be a dimension embedding white matter features.
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11
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Martinot MLP, Martinot JL, Ringuenet D, Galinowski A, Gallarda T, Bellivier F, Lefaucheur JP, Lemaitre H, Artiges E. Baseline brain metabolism in resistant depression and response to transcranial magnetic stimulation. Neuropsychopharmacology 2011; 36:2710-9. [PMID: 21849980 PMCID: PMC3230494 DOI: 10.1038/npp.2011.161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Neuroimaging studies of patients with treatment-resistant depression (TRD) have reported abnormalities in the frontal and temporal regions. We sought to determine whether metabolism in these regions might be related to response to repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) in patients with TRD. Magnetic resonance images and baseline resting-state cerebral glucose uptake index (gluMI) obtained using (18)F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography were analyzed in TRD patients who had participated in a double-blind, randomized, sham-controlled trial of prefrontal 10 Hz TMS. Among the patients randomized to active TMS, 17 responders, defined as having 50% depression score decrease, and 14 nonresponders were investigated for prestimulation glucose metabolism and compared with 39 healthy subjects using a voxel-based analysis. In nonresponders relative to responders, gluMI was lower in left lateral orbitofrontal cortex (OFC), and higher in left amygdala and uncinate fasciculus. OFC and amygdala gluMI negatively correlated in nonresponders, positively correlated in responders, and did not correlate in healthy subjects. Relative to healthy subjects, both responders and nonresponders displayed lower gluMI in right dorsolateral prefrontal (DLPFC), right anterior cingulate (ACC), and left ventrolateral prefrontal cortices. Additionally, nonresponders had lower gluMI in left DLPFC, ACC, left and right insula, and higher gluMI in left amygdala and uncus. Hypometabolisms were partly explained by gray matter reductions, whereas hypermetabolisms were unrelated to structural changes. The findings suggest that different patterns of frontal-temporal-limbic abnormalities may distinguish responders and nonresponders to prefrontal magnetic stimulation. Both preserved OFC volume and amygdala metabolism might precondition response to TMS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Laure Paillère Martinot
- AP-HP, Department of Adolescent Psychopathology and Medicine, Maison de Solenn, Cochin Hospital, University Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France,INSERM, U 1000, Research Unit ‘Imaging & Psychiatry', University Paris-Sud and University Paris Descartes, Orsay, France,AP-HP, Department of Adolescent Psychopathology and Medicine, Maison de Solenn, Hôpital Cochin, 97 Boulevard de Port-Royal, 75014 Paris, France, Tel: +33 15 841 2426, Fax: +33 15 841 2808, E-mail:
| | - Jean-Luc Martinot
- INSERM, U 1000, Research Unit ‘Imaging & Psychiatry', University Paris-Sud and University Paris Descartes, Orsay, France,CEA, DSV, I2BM, Service Hospitalier Frédéric Joliot, Orsay, France
| | - Damien Ringuenet
- AP-HP, Department of Psychiatry and Addictology, Paul Brousse Hospital, University Paris-Sud, Villejuif, France
| | - André Galinowski
- SHU Sainte-Anne Hospital and INSERM, U 894, Psychiatry and Neuroscience Center, University Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Thierry Gallarda
- SHU Sainte-Anne Hospital and INSERM, U 894, Psychiatry and Neuroscience Center, University Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Frank Bellivier
- AP-HP, Department of Psychiatry, and INSERM, U 955, IMRB, Psychiatry Genetics, Henri Mondor-Albert Chenevier Hospital, Créteil, France
| | - Jean-Pascal Lefaucheur
- AP-HP, Physiology Department, Henri Mondor-Albert Chenevier Hospital, University Paris 12, Créteil, France
| | - Hervé Lemaitre
- INSERM, U 1000, Research Unit ‘Imaging & Psychiatry', University Paris-Sud and University Paris Descartes, Orsay, France,CEA, DSV, I2BM, Service Hospitalier Frédéric Joliot, Orsay, France
| | - Eric Artiges
- INSERM, U 1000, Research Unit ‘Imaging & Psychiatry', University Paris-Sud and University Paris Descartes, Orsay, France,CEA, DSV, I2BM, Service Hospitalier Frédéric Joliot, Orsay, France,Psychiatry Department 91G16, Orsay Hospital, Orsay, France
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12
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Gourion D, Galinowski A, Baraille L, Picard H. Changer d’antidépresseur : quand, comment, pourquoi ? Encephale 2011; 37 Suppl 1:S50-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.encep.2010.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2009] [Accepted: 04/15/2010] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
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13
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Plaze M, Paillère-Martinot ML, Penttilä J, Januel D, de Beaurepaire R, Bellivier F, Andoh J, Galinowski A, Gallarda T, Artiges E, Olié JP, Mangin JF, Martinot JL, Cachia A. "Where do auditory hallucinations come from?"--a brain morphometry study of schizophrenia patients with inner or outer space hallucinations. Schizophr Bull 2011; 37:212-21. [PMID: 19666833 PMCID: PMC3004180 DOI: 10.1093/schbul/sbp081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Auditory verbal hallucinations are a cardinal symptom of schizophrenia. Bleuler and Kraepelin distinguished 2 main classes of hallucinations: hallucinations heard outside the head (outer space, or external, hallucinations) and hallucinations heard inside the head (inner space, or internal, hallucinations). This distinction has been confirmed by recent phenomenological studies that identified 3 independent dimensions in auditory hallucinations: language complexity, self-other misattribution, and spatial location. Brain imaging studies in schizophrenia patients with auditory hallucinations have already investigated language complexity and self-other misattribution, but the neural substrate of hallucination spatial location remains unknown. Magnetic resonance images of 45 right-handed patients with schizophrenia and persistent auditory hallucinations and 20 healthy right-handed subjects were acquired. Two homogeneous subgroups of patients were defined based on the hallucination spatial location: patients with only outer space hallucinations (N=12) and patients with only inner space hallucinations (N=15). Between-group differences were then assessed using 2 complementary brain morphometry approaches: voxel-based morphometry and sulcus-based morphometry. Convergent anatomical differences were detected between the patient subgroups in the right temporoparietal junction (rTPJ). In comparison to healthy subjects, opposite deviations in white matter volumes and sulcus displacements were found in patients with inner space hallucination and patients with outer space hallucination. The current results indicate that spatial location of auditory hallucinations is associated with the rTPJ anatomy, a key region of the "where" auditory pathway. The detected tilt in the sulcal junction suggests deviations during early brain maturation, when the superior temporal sulcus and its anterior terminal branch appear and merge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marion Plaze
- INSERM, U797 Research Unit, Neuroimaging and Psychiatry, IFR49, Orsay, France,CEA, Neuroimaging and Psychiatry, U797 Unit, Hospital Department Frédéric Joliot and Neurospin, I2BM, Orsay, France,Paris-Sud University, UMR U797, Orsay and Paris 5 René Descartes University, UMR U797, Paris, France,Psychiatry Department (SHU), Sainte Anne Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Marie-Laure Paillère-Martinot
- INSERM, U797 Research Unit, Neuroimaging and Psychiatry, IFR49, Orsay, France,CEA, Neuroimaging and Psychiatry, U797 Unit, Hospital Department Frédéric Joliot and Neurospin, I2BM, Orsay, France,Paris-Sud University, UMR U797, Orsay and Paris 5 René Descartes University, UMR U797, Paris, France,Department of Adolescent Psychopathology and Medicine, AP-HP, Maison de Solenn, Cochin Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Jani Penttilä
- INSERM, U797 Research Unit, Neuroimaging and Psychiatry, IFR49, Orsay, France,Paris-Sud University, UMR U797, Orsay and Paris 5 René Descartes University, UMR U797, Paris, France
| | - Dominique Januel
- Department 3 (area 93G03)-CHS Ville-Evrard, Romain Roland Hospital, Saint-Denis, France
| | | | - Franck Bellivier
- Psychiatry Department, Chenevier-Mondor Hospital, Paris XII University and INSERM U841, Créteil, France
| | - Jamila Andoh
- INSERM, U797 Research Unit, Neuroimaging and Psychiatry, IFR49, Orsay, France,CEA, Neuroimaging and Psychiatry, U797 Unit, Hospital Department Frédéric Joliot and Neurospin, I2BM, Orsay, France,Paris-Sud University, UMR U797, Orsay and Paris 5 René Descartes University, UMR U797, Paris, France
| | - André Galinowski
- Psychiatry Department (SHU), Sainte Anne Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Thierry Gallarda
- Psychiatry Department (SHU), Sainte Anne Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Eric Artiges
- INSERM, U797 Research Unit, Neuroimaging and Psychiatry, IFR49, Orsay, France,CEA, Neuroimaging and Psychiatry, U797 Unit, Hospital Department Frédéric Joliot and Neurospin, I2BM, Orsay, France,Paris-Sud University, UMR U797, Orsay and Paris 5 René Descartes University, UMR U797, Paris, France,Psychiatry Department (area 91G16), Orsay hospital, Orsay, France
| | - Jean-Pierre Olié
- Psychiatry Department (SHU), Sainte Anne Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Jean-François Mangin
- INSERM, U797 Research Unit, Neuroimaging and Psychiatry, IFR49, Orsay, France,CEA, Neuroimaging and Psychiatry, U797 Unit, Hospital Department Frédéric Joliot and Neurospin, I2BM, Orsay, France,Paris-Sud University, UMR U797, Orsay and Paris 5 René Descartes University, UMR U797, Paris, France,Computer-Assisted Neuroimaging Laboratory, Neurospin, I2BM, CEA, France
| | - Jean-Luc Martinot
- INSERM, U797 Research Unit, Neuroimaging and Psychiatry, IFR49, Orsay, France,CEA, Neuroimaging and Psychiatry, U797 Unit, Hospital Department Frédéric Joliot and Neurospin, I2BM, Orsay, France,Paris-Sud University, UMR U797, Orsay and Paris 5 René Descartes University, UMR U797, Paris, France
| | - Arnaud Cachia
- INSERM, U797 Research Unit, Neuroimaging and Psychiatry, IFR49, Orsay, France,CEA, Neuroimaging and Psychiatry, U797 Unit, Hospital Department Frédéric Joliot and Neurospin, I2BM, Orsay, France,Paris-Sud University, UMR U797, Orsay and Paris 5 René Descartes University, UMR U797, Paris, France
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Galinowski A, Pretalli JB, Haffen E. Stimulation magnétique transcrânienne répétée (rTMS) en psychiatrie : principes, utilisation pratique, effets secondaires et sécurité d’emploi. Annales Médico-psychologiques, revue psychiatrique 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.amp.2010.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Plaze M, Paillere ML, Penttilä J, Januel D, de Beaurepaire R, Bellivier F, Andoh J, Galinowski A, Gallarda T, Artiges E, Olié JP, Mangin JF, Martinot JL, Cachia A. Where do auditory hallucinations come from ? Neuroimage 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/s1053-8119(09)71589-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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Martinot MLP, Galinowski A, Ringuenet D, Gallarda T, Bellivier F, Lefaucheur JP, Duchesnay E, Martinot JL, Artiges E. 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography and T1-MRI predictors of antidepressant effects of rTMS in patients with resistant depression. Neuroimage 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/s1053-8119(09)71608-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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Penttilä J, Cachia A, Martinot JL, Ringuenet D, Wessa M, Houenou J, Galinowski A, Bellivier F, Gallarda T, Duchesnay E, Artiges E, Leboyer M, Olié JP, Mangin JF, Paillère-Martinot ML. Cortical folding difference between patients with early-onset and patients with intermediate-onset bipolar disorder. Bipolar Disord 2009; 11:361-70. [PMID: 19500089 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-5618.2009.00683.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Cerebral abnormalities have been detected in patients with bipolar disorder (BD). In comparison to BD with a later onset, early-onset BD has been found to have a poorer outcome. However, it is yet unknown whether neuroanatomical abnormalities differ between age-at-onset subgroups of the illness. We searched for cortical folding differences between early-onset (before 25 years) and intermediate-onset (between 25 and 45 years) BD patients. METHODS Magnetic resonance images of 22 early-onset BD patients, 14 intermediate-onset BD patients, and 50 healthy participants were analyzed using a fully automated method to extract, label, and measure the sulcal area in the whole cortex. Cortical folding was assessed by computing global sulcal indices (the ratio between total sulcal area and total outer cortex area) for each hemisphere, and local sulcal indices for 12 predefined regions in both hemispheres. RESULTS Intermediate-onset BD patients had a significantly reduced local sulcal index in the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex in comparison to both early-onset BD patients and healthy subjects, and lower global sulcal indices in both hemispheres in comparison to healthy subjects (p < 0.05, Bonferroni corrected). Brain tissue volumes did not differ between groups. CONCLUSIONS This study provided the first evidence of a neuroanatomic difference between intermediate-onset and early-onset BD, which lends further support to the existence of different age-at-onset subgroups of BD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jani Penttilä
- INSERM, U797 Research Unit Neuroimaging and Psychiatry, France.
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Penttilä J, Paillère-Martinot ML, Martinot JL, Ringuenet D, Wessa M, Houenou J, Gallarda T, Bellivier F, Galinowski A, Bruguière P, Pinabel F, Leboyer M, Olié JP, Duchesnay E, Artiges E, Mangin JF, Cachia A. Cortical folding in patients with bipolar disorder or unipolar depression. J Psychiatry Neurosci 2009; 34:127-35. [PMID: 19270763 PMCID: PMC2647564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Analysis of cortical folding may provide insight into neurodevelopment deviations, which, in turn, can predispose to depression that responds particularly poorly to medications. We hypothesized that patients with treatment-resistant depression would exhibit measurable alterations in cortical folding. METHODS We computed hemispheric global sulcal indices (g-SIs) in T(1)-weighted magnetic resonance images obtained from 76 patients and 70 healthy controls. We separately searched for anatomic deviations in patients with bipolar disorder (16 patients with treatment-resistant depression, 25 with euthymia) and unipolar depression (35 patients with treatment-resistant depression). RESULTS Compared with healthy controls, both groups of patients with treatment-resistant depression exhibited reduced g-SIs: in the right hemisphere among patients with bipolar disorder and in both hemispheres among those with unipolar depression. Patients with euthymic bipolar disorder did not differ significantly from depressed patients or healthy controls. Among patients with bipolar disorder who were taking lithium, we found positive correlations between current lithium dose and g-SIs in both hemispheres. LIMITATIONS We cannot estimate the extent to which the observed g-SI reductions are linked to treatment resistance and to what extent they are state-dependent. Furthermore, we cannot disentangle the impact of medications from that of the affective disorder. Finally, there is interindividual variation and overlap of g-SIs among patients and healthy controls that need to be considered when interpreting our results. CONCLUSION Reduced global cortical folding surface appears to be characteristic of patients with treatment-resistant depression, either unipolar or bipolar. In patients with bipolar disorder, treatment with lithium may modify cortical folding surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jani Penttilä
- Penttilä, Paillère-Martinot, Martinot, Ringuenet, Wessa, Houenou, Duchesnay, Artiges, Mangin, Cachia — INSERM, U797 Research Unit “Neuroimaging & Psychiatry,” the CEA, “Neuroimaging & Psychiatry” U797 Unit, Hospital Department Frédéric Joliot & Neurospin, Paris Sud University, Orsay, and Rene Descartes University, Paris; Paillère-Martinot — Assistance Publique–Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Department of Adolescent Medicine, Maison de Solenn, Cochin Hospital, Paris; Ringuenet — AP-HP; Department of Psychiatry and Addictology, Paul Brousse Hospital, Villejuif, France; Wessa — Department of Cognitive and Clinical Neuroscience, University of Heidelberg, Central Institute of Mental Health, Mannheim, Germany; Houenou, Bellivier, Leboyer — AP-HP; Department of Psychiatry, Chenevier-Mondor Hospital, Créteil; Gallarda — SHU, Department of Psychiatry, Sainte Anne Hospital, Paris; Bellivier, Leboyer — INSERM, U 995, IMRB, Department of Genetics, Psychiatry Genetics, Creteil, F-94000, University Paris 12, Faculty of Medicine, IFR10, Creteil; Galinowski, Olié — INSERM, Pathophysiologie des Maladies Psychiatriques, U894-7, Université Paris Descartes, Faculté de Médecine Paris Descartes, SHU, Hôpital Sainte-Anne, Paris; Bruguière — INSERM, U731, Paris, F 75013, University Pierre & Marie Curie-Paris 6, UMR S 731, Paris, F 75013, AP-HP, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation; Pinabel — AP-HP, Department of Adult Psychiatry, Kremlin-Bicêtre Hospital, France; Duchesnay, Mangin — LNAO, NeuroSpin I2BM, Saclay, France
| | - Marie-Laure Paillère-Martinot
- Penttilä, Paillère-Martinot, Martinot, Ringuenet, Wessa, Houenou, Duchesnay, Artiges, Mangin, Cachia — INSERM, U797 Research Unit “Neuroimaging & Psychiatry,” the CEA, “Neuroimaging & Psychiatry” U797 Unit, Hospital Department Frédéric Joliot & Neurospin, Paris Sud University, Orsay, and Rene Descartes University, Paris; Paillère-Martinot — Assistance Publique–Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Department of Adolescent Medicine, Maison de Solenn, Cochin Hospital, Paris; Ringuenet — AP-HP; Department of Psychiatry and Addictology, Paul Brousse Hospital, Villejuif, France; Wessa — Department of Cognitive and Clinical Neuroscience, University of Heidelberg, Central Institute of Mental Health, Mannheim, Germany; Houenou, Bellivier, Leboyer — AP-HP; Department of Psychiatry, Chenevier-Mondor Hospital, Créteil; Gallarda — SHU, Department of Psychiatry, Sainte Anne Hospital, Paris; Bellivier, Leboyer — INSERM, U 995, IMRB, Department of Genetics, Psychiatry Genetics, Creteil, F-94000, University Paris 12, Faculty of Medicine, IFR10, Creteil; Galinowski, Olié — INSERM, Pathophysiologie des Maladies Psychiatriques, U894-7, Université Paris Descartes, Faculté de Médecine Paris Descartes, SHU, Hôpital Sainte-Anne, Paris; Bruguière — INSERM, U731, Paris, F 75013, University Pierre & Marie Curie-Paris 6, UMR S 731, Paris, F 75013, AP-HP, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation; Pinabel — AP-HP, Department of Adult Psychiatry, Kremlin-Bicêtre Hospital, France; Duchesnay, Mangin — LNAO, NeuroSpin I2BM, Saclay, France
| | - Jean-Luc Martinot
- Penttilä, Paillère-Martinot, Martinot, Ringuenet, Wessa, Houenou, Duchesnay, Artiges, Mangin, Cachia — INSERM, U797 Research Unit “Neuroimaging & Psychiatry,” the CEA, “Neuroimaging & Psychiatry” U797 Unit, Hospital Department Frédéric Joliot & Neurospin, Paris Sud University, Orsay, and Rene Descartes University, Paris; Paillère-Martinot — Assistance Publique–Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Department of Adolescent Medicine, Maison de Solenn, Cochin Hospital, Paris; Ringuenet — AP-HP; Department of Psychiatry and Addictology, Paul Brousse Hospital, Villejuif, France; Wessa — Department of Cognitive and Clinical Neuroscience, University of Heidelberg, Central Institute of Mental Health, Mannheim, Germany; Houenou, Bellivier, Leboyer — AP-HP; Department of Psychiatry, Chenevier-Mondor Hospital, Créteil; Gallarda — SHU, Department of Psychiatry, Sainte Anne Hospital, Paris; Bellivier, Leboyer — INSERM, U 995, IMRB, Department of Genetics, Psychiatry Genetics, Creteil, F-94000, University Paris 12, Faculty of Medicine, IFR10, Creteil; Galinowski, Olié — INSERM, Pathophysiologie des Maladies Psychiatriques, U894-7, Université Paris Descartes, Faculté de Médecine Paris Descartes, SHU, Hôpital Sainte-Anne, Paris; Bruguière — INSERM, U731, Paris, F 75013, University Pierre & Marie Curie-Paris 6, UMR S 731, Paris, F 75013, AP-HP, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation; Pinabel — AP-HP, Department of Adult Psychiatry, Kremlin-Bicêtre Hospital, France; Duchesnay, Mangin — LNAO, NeuroSpin I2BM, Saclay, France
| | - Damien Ringuenet
- Penttilä, Paillère-Martinot, Martinot, Ringuenet, Wessa, Houenou, Duchesnay, Artiges, Mangin, Cachia — INSERM, U797 Research Unit “Neuroimaging & Psychiatry,” the CEA, “Neuroimaging & Psychiatry” U797 Unit, Hospital Department Frédéric Joliot & Neurospin, Paris Sud University, Orsay, and Rene Descartes University, Paris; Paillère-Martinot — Assistance Publique–Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Department of Adolescent Medicine, Maison de Solenn, Cochin Hospital, Paris; Ringuenet — AP-HP; Department of Psychiatry and Addictology, Paul Brousse Hospital, Villejuif, France; Wessa — Department of Cognitive and Clinical Neuroscience, University of Heidelberg, Central Institute of Mental Health, Mannheim, Germany; Houenou, Bellivier, Leboyer — AP-HP; Department of Psychiatry, Chenevier-Mondor Hospital, Créteil; Gallarda — SHU, Department of Psychiatry, Sainte Anne Hospital, Paris; Bellivier, Leboyer — INSERM, U 995, IMRB, Department of Genetics, Psychiatry Genetics, Creteil, F-94000, University Paris 12, Faculty of Medicine, IFR10, Creteil; Galinowski, Olié — INSERM, Pathophysiologie des Maladies Psychiatriques, U894-7, Université Paris Descartes, Faculté de Médecine Paris Descartes, SHU, Hôpital Sainte-Anne, Paris; Bruguière — INSERM, U731, Paris, F 75013, University Pierre & Marie Curie-Paris 6, UMR S 731, Paris, F 75013, AP-HP, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation; Pinabel — AP-HP, Department of Adult Psychiatry, Kremlin-Bicêtre Hospital, France; Duchesnay, Mangin — LNAO, NeuroSpin I2BM, Saclay, France
| | - Michèle Wessa
- Penttilä, Paillère-Martinot, Martinot, Ringuenet, Wessa, Houenou, Duchesnay, Artiges, Mangin, Cachia — INSERM, U797 Research Unit “Neuroimaging & Psychiatry,” the CEA, “Neuroimaging & Psychiatry” U797 Unit, Hospital Department Frédéric Joliot & Neurospin, Paris Sud University, Orsay, and Rene Descartes University, Paris; Paillère-Martinot — Assistance Publique–Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Department of Adolescent Medicine, Maison de Solenn, Cochin Hospital, Paris; Ringuenet — AP-HP; Department of Psychiatry and Addictology, Paul Brousse Hospital, Villejuif, France; Wessa — Department of Cognitive and Clinical Neuroscience, University of Heidelberg, Central Institute of Mental Health, Mannheim, Germany; Houenou, Bellivier, Leboyer — AP-HP; Department of Psychiatry, Chenevier-Mondor Hospital, Créteil; Gallarda — SHU, Department of Psychiatry, Sainte Anne Hospital, Paris; Bellivier, Leboyer — INSERM, U 995, IMRB, Department of Genetics, Psychiatry Genetics, Creteil, F-94000, University Paris 12, Faculty of Medicine, IFR10, Creteil; Galinowski, Olié — INSERM, Pathophysiologie des Maladies Psychiatriques, U894-7, Université Paris Descartes, Faculté de Médecine Paris Descartes, SHU, Hôpital Sainte-Anne, Paris; Bruguière — INSERM, U731, Paris, F 75013, University Pierre & Marie Curie-Paris 6, UMR S 731, Paris, F 75013, AP-HP, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation; Pinabel — AP-HP, Department of Adult Psychiatry, Kremlin-Bicêtre Hospital, France; Duchesnay, Mangin — LNAO, NeuroSpin I2BM, Saclay, France
| | - Josselin Houenou
- Penttilä, Paillère-Martinot, Martinot, Ringuenet, Wessa, Houenou, Duchesnay, Artiges, Mangin, Cachia — INSERM, U797 Research Unit “Neuroimaging & Psychiatry,” the CEA, “Neuroimaging & Psychiatry” U797 Unit, Hospital Department Frédéric Joliot & Neurospin, Paris Sud University, Orsay, and Rene Descartes University, Paris; Paillère-Martinot — Assistance Publique–Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Department of Adolescent Medicine, Maison de Solenn, Cochin Hospital, Paris; Ringuenet — AP-HP; Department of Psychiatry and Addictology, Paul Brousse Hospital, Villejuif, France; Wessa — Department of Cognitive and Clinical Neuroscience, University of Heidelberg, Central Institute of Mental Health, Mannheim, Germany; Houenou, Bellivier, Leboyer — AP-HP; Department of Psychiatry, Chenevier-Mondor Hospital, Créteil; Gallarda — SHU, Department of Psychiatry, Sainte Anne Hospital, Paris; Bellivier, Leboyer — INSERM, U 995, IMRB, Department of Genetics, Psychiatry Genetics, Creteil, F-94000, University Paris 12, Faculty of Medicine, IFR10, Creteil; Galinowski, Olié — INSERM, Pathophysiologie des Maladies Psychiatriques, U894-7, Université Paris Descartes, Faculté de Médecine Paris Descartes, SHU, Hôpital Sainte-Anne, Paris; Bruguière — INSERM, U731, Paris, F 75013, University Pierre & Marie Curie-Paris 6, UMR S 731, Paris, F 75013, AP-HP, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation; Pinabel — AP-HP, Department of Adult Psychiatry, Kremlin-Bicêtre Hospital, France; Duchesnay, Mangin — LNAO, NeuroSpin I2BM, Saclay, France
| | - Thierry Gallarda
- Penttilä, Paillère-Martinot, Martinot, Ringuenet, Wessa, Houenou, Duchesnay, Artiges, Mangin, Cachia — INSERM, U797 Research Unit “Neuroimaging & Psychiatry,” the CEA, “Neuroimaging & Psychiatry” U797 Unit, Hospital Department Frédéric Joliot & Neurospin, Paris Sud University, Orsay, and Rene Descartes University, Paris; Paillère-Martinot — Assistance Publique–Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Department of Adolescent Medicine, Maison de Solenn, Cochin Hospital, Paris; Ringuenet — AP-HP; Department of Psychiatry and Addictology, Paul Brousse Hospital, Villejuif, France; Wessa — Department of Cognitive and Clinical Neuroscience, University of Heidelberg, Central Institute of Mental Health, Mannheim, Germany; Houenou, Bellivier, Leboyer — AP-HP; Department of Psychiatry, Chenevier-Mondor Hospital, Créteil; Gallarda — SHU, Department of Psychiatry, Sainte Anne Hospital, Paris; Bellivier, Leboyer — INSERM, U 995, IMRB, Department of Genetics, Psychiatry Genetics, Creteil, F-94000, University Paris 12, Faculty of Medicine, IFR10, Creteil; Galinowski, Olié — INSERM, Pathophysiologie des Maladies Psychiatriques, U894-7, Université Paris Descartes, Faculté de Médecine Paris Descartes, SHU, Hôpital Sainte-Anne, Paris; Bruguière — INSERM, U731, Paris, F 75013, University Pierre & Marie Curie-Paris 6, UMR S 731, Paris, F 75013, AP-HP, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation; Pinabel — AP-HP, Department of Adult Psychiatry, Kremlin-Bicêtre Hospital, France; Duchesnay, Mangin — LNAO, NeuroSpin I2BM, Saclay, France
| | - Frank Bellivier
- Penttilä, Paillère-Martinot, Martinot, Ringuenet, Wessa, Houenou, Duchesnay, Artiges, Mangin, Cachia — INSERM, U797 Research Unit “Neuroimaging & Psychiatry,” the CEA, “Neuroimaging & Psychiatry” U797 Unit, Hospital Department Frédéric Joliot & Neurospin, Paris Sud University, Orsay, and Rene Descartes University, Paris; Paillère-Martinot — Assistance Publique–Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Department of Adolescent Medicine, Maison de Solenn, Cochin Hospital, Paris; Ringuenet — AP-HP; Department of Psychiatry and Addictology, Paul Brousse Hospital, Villejuif, France; Wessa — Department of Cognitive and Clinical Neuroscience, University of Heidelberg, Central Institute of Mental Health, Mannheim, Germany; Houenou, Bellivier, Leboyer — AP-HP; Department of Psychiatry, Chenevier-Mondor Hospital, Créteil; Gallarda — SHU, Department of Psychiatry, Sainte Anne Hospital, Paris; Bellivier, Leboyer — INSERM, U 995, IMRB, Department of Genetics, Psychiatry Genetics, Creteil, F-94000, University Paris 12, Faculty of Medicine, IFR10, Creteil; Galinowski, Olié — INSERM, Pathophysiologie des Maladies Psychiatriques, U894-7, Université Paris Descartes, Faculté de Médecine Paris Descartes, SHU, Hôpital Sainte-Anne, Paris; Bruguière — INSERM, U731, Paris, F 75013, University Pierre & Marie Curie-Paris 6, UMR S 731, Paris, F 75013, AP-HP, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation; Pinabel — AP-HP, Department of Adult Psychiatry, Kremlin-Bicêtre Hospital, France; Duchesnay, Mangin — LNAO, NeuroSpin I2BM, Saclay, France
| | - André Galinowski
- Penttilä, Paillère-Martinot, Martinot, Ringuenet, Wessa, Houenou, Duchesnay, Artiges, Mangin, Cachia — INSERM, U797 Research Unit “Neuroimaging & Psychiatry,” the CEA, “Neuroimaging & Psychiatry” U797 Unit, Hospital Department Frédéric Joliot & Neurospin, Paris Sud University, Orsay, and Rene Descartes University, Paris; Paillère-Martinot — Assistance Publique–Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Department of Adolescent Medicine, Maison de Solenn, Cochin Hospital, Paris; Ringuenet — AP-HP; Department of Psychiatry and Addictology, Paul Brousse Hospital, Villejuif, France; Wessa — Department of Cognitive and Clinical Neuroscience, University of Heidelberg, Central Institute of Mental Health, Mannheim, Germany; Houenou, Bellivier, Leboyer — AP-HP; Department of Psychiatry, Chenevier-Mondor Hospital, Créteil; Gallarda — SHU, Department of Psychiatry, Sainte Anne Hospital, Paris; Bellivier, Leboyer — INSERM, U 995, IMRB, Department of Genetics, Psychiatry Genetics, Creteil, F-94000, University Paris 12, Faculty of Medicine, IFR10, Creteil; Galinowski, Olié — INSERM, Pathophysiologie des Maladies Psychiatriques, U894-7, Université Paris Descartes, Faculté de Médecine Paris Descartes, SHU, Hôpital Sainte-Anne, Paris; Bruguière — INSERM, U731, Paris, F 75013, University Pierre & Marie Curie-Paris 6, UMR S 731, Paris, F 75013, AP-HP, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation; Pinabel — AP-HP, Department of Adult Psychiatry, Kremlin-Bicêtre Hospital, France; Duchesnay, Mangin — LNAO, NeuroSpin I2BM, Saclay, France
| | - Pascale Bruguière
- Penttilä, Paillère-Martinot, Martinot, Ringuenet, Wessa, Houenou, Duchesnay, Artiges, Mangin, Cachia — INSERM, U797 Research Unit “Neuroimaging & Psychiatry,” the CEA, “Neuroimaging & Psychiatry” U797 Unit, Hospital Department Frédéric Joliot & Neurospin, Paris Sud University, Orsay, and Rene Descartes University, Paris; Paillère-Martinot — Assistance Publique–Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Department of Adolescent Medicine, Maison de Solenn, Cochin Hospital, Paris; Ringuenet — AP-HP; Department of Psychiatry and Addictology, Paul Brousse Hospital, Villejuif, France; Wessa — Department of Cognitive and Clinical Neuroscience, University of Heidelberg, Central Institute of Mental Health, Mannheim, Germany; Houenou, Bellivier, Leboyer — AP-HP; Department of Psychiatry, Chenevier-Mondor Hospital, Créteil; Gallarda — SHU, Department of Psychiatry, Sainte Anne Hospital, Paris; Bellivier, Leboyer — INSERM, U 995, IMRB, Department of Genetics, Psychiatry Genetics, Creteil, F-94000, University Paris 12, Faculty of Medicine, IFR10, Creteil; Galinowski, Olié — INSERM, Pathophysiologie des Maladies Psychiatriques, U894-7, Université Paris Descartes, Faculté de Médecine Paris Descartes, SHU, Hôpital Sainte-Anne, Paris; Bruguière — INSERM, U731, Paris, F 75013, University Pierre & Marie Curie-Paris 6, UMR S 731, Paris, F 75013, AP-HP, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation; Pinabel — AP-HP, Department of Adult Psychiatry, Kremlin-Bicêtre Hospital, France; Duchesnay, Mangin — LNAO, NeuroSpin I2BM, Saclay, France
| | - François Pinabel
- Penttilä, Paillère-Martinot, Martinot, Ringuenet, Wessa, Houenou, Duchesnay, Artiges, Mangin, Cachia — INSERM, U797 Research Unit “Neuroimaging & Psychiatry,” the CEA, “Neuroimaging & Psychiatry” U797 Unit, Hospital Department Frédéric Joliot & Neurospin, Paris Sud University, Orsay, and Rene Descartes University, Paris; Paillère-Martinot — Assistance Publique–Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Department of Adolescent Medicine, Maison de Solenn, Cochin Hospital, Paris; Ringuenet — AP-HP; Department of Psychiatry and Addictology, Paul Brousse Hospital, Villejuif, France; Wessa — Department of Cognitive and Clinical Neuroscience, University of Heidelberg, Central Institute of Mental Health, Mannheim, Germany; Houenou, Bellivier, Leboyer — AP-HP; Department of Psychiatry, Chenevier-Mondor Hospital, Créteil; Gallarda — SHU, Department of Psychiatry, Sainte Anne Hospital, Paris; Bellivier, Leboyer — INSERM, U 995, IMRB, Department of Genetics, Psychiatry Genetics, Creteil, F-94000, University Paris 12, Faculty of Medicine, IFR10, Creteil; Galinowski, Olié — INSERM, Pathophysiologie des Maladies Psychiatriques, U894-7, Université Paris Descartes, Faculté de Médecine Paris Descartes, SHU, Hôpital Sainte-Anne, Paris; Bruguière — INSERM, U731, Paris, F 75013, University Pierre & Marie Curie-Paris 6, UMR S 731, Paris, F 75013, AP-HP, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation; Pinabel — AP-HP, Department of Adult Psychiatry, Kremlin-Bicêtre Hospital, France; Duchesnay, Mangin — LNAO, NeuroSpin I2BM, Saclay, France
| | - Marion Leboyer
- Penttilä, Paillère-Martinot, Martinot, Ringuenet, Wessa, Houenou, Duchesnay, Artiges, Mangin, Cachia — INSERM, U797 Research Unit “Neuroimaging & Psychiatry,” the CEA, “Neuroimaging & Psychiatry” U797 Unit, Hospital Department Frédéric Joliot & Neurospin, Paris Sud University, Orsay, and Rene Descartes University, Paris; Paillère-Martinot — Assistance Publique–Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Department of Adolescent Medicine, Maison de Solenn, Cochin Hospital, Paris; Ringuenet — AP-HP; Department of Psychiatry and Addictology, Paul Brousse Hospital, Villejuif, France; Wessa — Department of Cognitive and Clinical Neuroscience, University of Heidelberg, Central Institute of Mental Health, Mannheim, Germany; Houenou, Bellivier, Leboyer — AP-HP; Department of Psychiatry, Chenevier-Mondor Hospital, Créteil; Gallarda — SHU, Department of Psychiatry, Sainte Anne Hospital, Paris; Bellivier, Leboyer — INSERM, U 995, IMRB, Department of Genetics, Psychiatry Genetics, Creteil, F-94000, University Paris 12, Faculty of Medicine, IFR10, Creteil; Galinowski, Olié — INSERM, Pathophysiologie des Maladies Psychiatriques, U894-7, Université Paris Descartes, Faculté de Médecine Paris Descartes, SHU, Hôpital Sainte-Anne, Paris; Bruguière — INSERM, U731, Paris, F 75013, University Pierre & Marie Curie-Paris 6, UMR S 731, Paris, F 75013, AP-HP, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation; Pinabel — AP-HP, Department of Adult Psychiatry, Kremlin-Bicêtre Hospital, France; Duchesnay, Mangin — LNAO, NeuroSpin I2BM, Saclay, France
| | - Jean-Pierre Olié
- Penttilä, Paillère-Martinot, Martinot, Ringuenet, Wessa, Houenou, Duchesnay, Artiges, Mangin, Cachia — INSERM, U797 Research Unit “Neuroimaging & Psychiatry,” the CEA, “Neuroimaging & Psychiatry” U797 Unit, Hospital Department Frédéric Joliot & Neurospin, Paris Sud University, Orsay, and Rene Descartes University, Paris; Paillère-Martinot — Assistance Publique–Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Department of Adolescent Medicine, Maison de Solenn, Cochin Hospital, Paris; Ringuenet — AP-HP; Department of Psychiatry and Addictology, Paul Brousse Hospital, Villejuif, France; Wessa — Department of Cognitive and Clinical Neuroscience, University of Heidelberg, Central Institute of Mental Health, Mannheim, Germany; Houenou, Bellivier, Leboyer — AP-HP; Department of Psychiatry, Chenevier-Mondor Hospital, Créteil; Gallarda — SHU, Department of Psychiatry, Sainte Anne Hospital, Paris; Bellivier, Leboyer — INSERM, U 995, IMRB, Department of Genetics, Psychiatry Genetics, Creteil, F-94000, University Paris 12, Faculty of Medicine, IFR10, Creteil; Galinowski, Olié — INSERM, Pathophysiologie des Maladies Psychiatriques, U894-7, Université Paris Descartes, Faculté de Médecine Paris Descartes, SHU, Hôpital Sainte-Anne, Paris; Bruguière — INSERM, U731, Paris, F 75013, University Pierre & Marie Curie-Paris 6, UMR S 731, Paris, F 75013, AP-HP, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation; Pinabel — AP-HP, Department of Adult Psychiatry, Kremlin-Bicêtre Hospital, France; Duchesnay, Mangin — LNAO, NeuroSpin I2BM, Saclay, France
| | - Edouard Duchesnay
- Penttilä, Paillère-Martinot, Martinot, Ringuenet, Wessa, Houenou, Duchesnay, Artiges, Mangin, Cachia — INSERM, U797 Research Unit “Neuroimaging & Psychiatry,” the CEA, “Neuroimaging & Psychiatry” U797 Unit, Hospital Department Frédéric Joliot & Neurospin, Paris Sud University, Orsay, and Rene Descartes University, Paris; Paillère-Martinot — Assistance Publique–Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Department of Adolescent Medicine, Maison de Solenn, Cochin Hospital, Paris; Ringuenet — AP-HP; Department of Psychiatry and Addictology, Paul Brousse Hospital, Villejuif, France; Wessa — Department of Cognitive and Clinical Neuroscience, University of Heidelberg, Central Institute of Mental Health, Mannheim, Germany; Houenou, Bellivier, Leboyer — AP-HP; Department of Psychiatry, Chenevier-Mondor Hospital, Créteil; Gallarda — SHU, Department of Psychiatry, Sainte Anne Hospital, Paris; Bellivier, Leboyer — INSERM, U 995, IMRB, Department of Genetics, Psychiatry Genetics, Creteil, F-94000, University Paris 12, Faculty of Medicine, IFR10, Creteil; Galinowski, Olié — INSERM, Pathophysiologie des Maladies Psychiatriques, U894-7, Université Paris Descartes, Faculté de Médecine Paris Descartes, SHU, Hôpital Sainte-Anne, Paris; Bruguière — INSERM, U731, Paris, F 75013, University Pierre & Marie Curie-Paris 6, UMR S 731, Paris, F 75013, AP-HP, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation; Pinabel — AP-HP, Department of Adult Psychiatry, Kremlin-Bicêtre Hospital, France; Duchesnay, Mangin — LNAO, NeuroSpin I2BM, Saclay, France
| | - Eric Artiges
- Penttilä, Paillère-Martinot, Martinot, Ringuenet, Wessa, Houenou, Duchesnay, Artiges, Mangin, Cachia — INSERM, U797 Research Unit “Neuroimaging & Psychiatry,” the CEA, “Neuroimaging & Psychiatry” U797 Unit, Hospital Department Frédéric Joliot & Neurospin, Paris Sud University, Orsay, and Rene Descartes University, Paris; Paillère-Martinot — Assistance Publique–Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Department of Adolescent Medicine, Maison de Solenn, Cochin Hospital, Paris; Ringuenet — AP-HP; Department of Psychiatry and Addictology, Paul Brousse Hospital, Villejuif, France; Wessa — Department of Cognitive and Clinical Neuroscience, University of Heidelberg, Central Institute of Mental Health, Mannheim, Germany; Houenou, Bellivier, Leboyer — AP-HP; Department of Psychiatry, Chenevier-Mondor Hospital, Créteil; Gallarda — SHU, Department of Psychiatry, Sainte Anne Hospital, Paris; Bellivier, Leboyer — INSERM, U 995, IMRB, Department of Genetics, Psychiatry Genetics, Creteil, F-94000, University Paris 12, Faculty of Medicine, IFR10, Creteil; Galinowski, Olié — INSERM, Pathophysiologie des Maladies Psychiatriques, U894-7, Université Paris Descartes, Faculté de Médecine Paris Descartes, SHU, Hôpital Sainte-Anne, Paris; Bruguière — INSERM, U731, Paris, F 75013, University Pierre & Marie Curie-Paris 6, UMR S 731, Paris, F 75013, AP-HP, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation; Pinabel — AP-HP, Department of Adult Psychiatry, Kremlin-Bicêtre Hospital, France; Duchesnay, Mangin — LNAO, NeuroSpin I2BM, Saclay, France
| | - Jean-François Mangin
- Penttilä, Paillère-Martinot, Martinot, Ringuenet, Wessa, Houenou, Duchesnay, Artiges, Mangin, Cachia — INSERM, U797 Research Unit “Neuroimaging & Psychiatry,” the CEA, “Neuroimaging & Psychiatry” U797 Unit, Hospital Department Frédéric Joliot & Neurospin, Paris Sud University, Orsay, and Rene Descartes University, Paris; Paillère-Martinot — Assistance Publique–Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Department of Adolescent Medicine, Maison de Solenn, Cochin Hospital, Paris; Ringuenet — AP-HP; Department of Psychiatry and Addictology, Paul Brousse Hospital, Villejuif, France; Wessa — Department of Cognitive and Clinical Neuroscience, University of Heidelberg, Central Institute of Mental Health, Mannheim, Germany; Houenou, Bellivier, Leboyer — AP-HP; Department of Psychiatry, Chenevier-Mondor Hospital, Créteil; Gallarda — SHU, Department of Psychiatry, Sainte Anne Hospital, Paris; Bellivier, Leboyer — INSERM, U 995, IMRB, Department of Genetics, Psychiatry Genetics, Creteil, F-94000, University Paris 12, Faculty of Medicine, IFR10, Creteil; Galinowski, Olié — INSERM, Pathophysiologie des Maladies Psychiatriques, U894-7, Université Paris Descartes, Faculté de Médecine Paris Descartes, SHU, Hôpital Sainte-Anne, Paris; Bruguière — INSERM, U731, Paris, F 75013, University Pierre & Marie Curie-Paris 6, UMR S 731, Paris, F 75013, AP-HP, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation; Pinabel — AP-HP, Department of Adult Psychiatry, Kremlin-Bicêtre Hospital, France; Duchesnay, Mangin — LNAO, NeuroSpin I2BM, Saclay, France
| | - Arnaud Cachia
- Penttilä, Paillère-Martinot, Martinot, Ringuenet, Wessa, Houenou, Duchesnay, Artiges, Mangin, Cachia — INSERM, U797 Research Unit “Neuroimaging & Psychiatry,” the CEA, “Neuroimaging & Psychiatry” U797 Unit, Hospital Department Frédéric Joliot & Neurospin, Paris Sud University, Orsay, and Rene Descartes University, Paris; Paillère-Martinot — Assistance Publique–Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Department of Adolescent Medicine, Maison de Solenn, Cochin Hospital, Paris; Ringuenet — AP-HP; Department of Psychiatry and Addictology, Paul Brousse Hospital, Villejuif, France; Wessa — Department of Cognitive and Clinical Neuroscience, University of Heidelberg, Central Institute of Mental Health, Mannheim, Germany; Houenou, Bellivier, Leboyer — AP-HP; Department of Psychiatry, Chenevier-Mondor Hospital, Créteil; Gallarda — SHU, Department of Psychiatry, Sainte Anne Hospital, Paris; Bellivier, Leboyer — INSERM, U 995, IMRB, Department of Genetics, Psychiatry Genetics, Creteil, F-94000, University Paris 12, Faculty of Medicine, IFR10, Creteil; Galinowski, Olié — INSERM, Pathophysiologie des Maladies Psychiatriques, U894-7, Université Paris Descartes, Faculté de Médecine Paris Descartes, SHU, Hôpital Sainte-Anne, Paris; Bruguière — INSERM, U731, Paris, F 75013, University Pierre & Marie Curie-Paris 6, UMR S 731, Paris, F 75013, AP-HP, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation; Pinabel — AP-HP, Department of Adult Psychiatry, Kremlin-Bicêtre Hospital, France; Duchesnay, Mangin — LNAO, NeuroSpin I2BM, Saclay, France
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Tranulis C, Sepehry AA, Galinowski A, Stip E. Should we treat auditory hallucinations with repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation? A metaanalysis. Can J Psychiatry 2008; 53:577-86. [PMID: 18801220 DOI: 10.1177/070674370805300904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Abnormal activations of neural networks implicated in auditory stimuli processing are hypothesized to generate auditory hallucinations (AH) in schizophrenia spectrum disorders. Because repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) has the potential to modulate neural network activity, several studies have explored its use in treating medication-resistant AH, with mixed results in small-to-medium patient samples. Our aim is to apply a metaanalytic approach to exploring the efficacy of rTMS in treating medication-resistant AH. METHOD A search of the electronic databases for studies comparing low-frequency (1 Hz) rTMS over the left temporoparietal cortex to sham stimulation in patients suffering from medication- resistant AH was performed. Our search was completed by cross-referencing the articles, searching the Current Controlled Trials website, and direct contact with relevant researchers. RESULTS From 265 possible abstracts, 6 parallel-arm, double-blind placebo-controlled and 4 crossover controlled trials, all randomized, matched the inclusion and exclusion criteria (n = 232). The primary outcome measure (effect of active treatment on AH at the end of the treatment) was tested with a random effect model and reached a significant homogeneous ES estimate (Hedges' g = 0.514; P = 0.001; 95CI%, 0.225 to 0.804; Q = 13.022; P = 0.162). CONCLUSIONS We found that low-frequency rTMS over the left temporoparietal cortex has a medium ES action on medication-resistant AH. This result has implications for understanding the pathophysiology of psychotic symptoms (specifically AH) and supports the use of rTMS as a complementary treatment approach in patients suffering from treatment-resistant AH.
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Martinot J, McGuire P, Frangou S, Kircher T, Paillère-Martinot M, Galinowski A, De Beaurepaire R, Artiges E, Bellivier F, Duchesnay E, Pentillä J, Plaze M, Mangin J, Cachia A. Macroscopic probes of brain dysmaturation in (developmental) pathopsychology. Eur Psychiatry 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpsy.2008.01.211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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Ben Amor C, Vera L, Mnif S, Oumaya M, Galinowski A, Rouillon F. Obsessive-compulsive disorder and self-esteem: An exploratory study. Eur Psychiatry 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpsy.2008.01.1211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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Lehert P, Poirier-Littre MF, Pringuey D, Galinowski A. New statistical proposals to evaluate the benefit/risk ratio of long-term treatment of depression: application to a one-year double-blind study comparing medifoxamine with fluoxetine. Clin Drug Investig 2008; 15:285-95. [PMID: 18370483 DOI: 10.2165/00044011-199815040-00004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine the benefit/risk ratio of long-term treatment with medifoxamine, a non-tricyclic, non-monoamine oxidase inhibitor agent, and fluoxetine in patients with acute depressive episode and at high risk of relapse and/or recurrence. The study involved a 12-month double-blind, randomised, parallel-group design with a multicentric trial setting conducted by 64 participating physicians. 155 and 158 patients of either gender, aged between 18 and 70 years, were allocated to fluoxetine and medifoxamine, respectively. All patients had an acute depressive episode defined by the presence of at least five of the DSM III-R criteria with a minimal score of 25 on the Montgomery and Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS). All subjects had at least one previous documented depressive episode in their medical history. The main outcome criterion consisted of good therapeutic response defined by a sustained 50% reduction of the Clinical Global Impression (CGI) score combined with the absence of any serious or troublesome (i.e. intensity motivating study discontinuation) events. In the fluoxetine and medifoxamine groups, respectively, 45.2% and 43% of the randomised patients completed the 12-month follow-up period with no major differences between groups regarding the reasons for treatment withdrawal. With each treatment 58% of the patients reached at least a 50% decrease in their CGI score, with no differences on the evolution of the MADRS, Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HARS), the Self Rating Depression Scale of Zung (Zung scale) and Scott depression visual analogue scale (VAS) scores on average. According to the main efficacy criterion, 26% of the patients in the fluoxetine group were considered as responders compared with 36% in the medifoxamine group (p = 0.047). When only serious adverse effects were considered in combination with CGI scores to define response rates, the respective percentages were in favour of medifoxamine but the difference (45 vs 53%) was not significant. Results with medifoxamine were better in the elderly whereas, with fluoxetine, best responses were observed in younger patients. In conclusion, medifoxamine was an active and well tolerated drug in the continuation and maintenance treatment of depression. Its benefit/risk ratio appeared to be superior to fluoxetine, but this difference was mainly based on the occurrence of less minor adverse effects, a potential advantage not sufficient to favour better compliance with long-term therapy. Nevertheless, efficacy and tolerance of medifoxamine merits further evaluation in specific elderly populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Lehert
- Statistical Department, Catholic University of Mons, Mons, Belgium
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Olié JP, Tonnoir B, Ménard F, Galinowski A. A prospective study of escitalopram in the treatment of major depressive episodes in the presence or absence of anxiety. Depress Anxiety 2007; 24:318-24. [PMID: 17041922 DOI: 10.1002/da.20207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
This open, multicenter, prospective study in France assessed the efficacy and tolerability of escitalopram in patients with depression, with or without comorbid anxiety. Escitalopram was administered over a 12-week treatment period to 790 depressed patients, including 482 patients with at least one concomitant anxiety disorder. The study was completed by 649 patients. At baseline, the mean Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) total score was 31.5 and decreased to 12.4 at end point (last observation carried forward [LOCF]). The MADRS score decreased by 20.5 points in patients with no anxiety disorder and by 18.3 points in patients with at least one concomitant anxiety disorder. The mean Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAM-A) total score at baseline was 25.6, which decreased to 10.8 at end point (LOCF). The HAM-A score decreased by 13.8 points in patients with no anxiety disorder and by 15.5 points in patients with at least one anxiety disorder. Adverse events were reported by 246 patients (31%). The most frequent adverse events were nausea in 65 patients (8%) and headache in 38 patients (5%); 61 patients (8%) discontinued treatment due to adverse events. Escitalopram was well tolerated and efficacious in reducing symptoms of depression in patients with or without comorbid anxiety over a 12-week treatment period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Pierre Olié
- Hôpital Sainte-Anne, Service Hospitalo-Universitaire, Paris, France.
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Cachia A, Paillère-Martinot ML, Galinowski A, Januel D, de Beaurepaire R, Bellivier F, Artiges E, Andoh J, Bartrés-Faz D, Duchesnay E, Rivière D, Plaze M, Mangin JF, Martinot JL. Cortical folding abnormalities in schizophrenia patients with resistant auditory hallucinations. Neuroimage 2007; 39:927-35. [PMID: 17988891 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2007.08.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2007] [Revised: 07/19/2007] [Accepted: 08/28/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Gray matter volume and functional abnormalities have been reported in language-related cortex in schizophrenia patients with auditory hallucinations. Such abnormalities might denote abnormal cortical folding development, which can now be investigated using gyrification measures. Anatomic magnetic resonance images (MRIs) were obtained from 30 schizophrenia patients screened for resistant auditory hallucinations and 28 control subjects. We searched for overall gyrification abnormalities in the whole cortex as well as localized abnormalities in language-related cortex, assuming that gyrification is associated with brain sulcation. A fully automated method was applied to MRIs to extract, label and measure the sulcus area in the whole cortex. Gyrification was assessed using both global and local sulcal indices, respectively the ratio between total sulcal area, or area of each labeled sulcus, and outer cortex area. For both hemispheres, the patients had a lower global sulcal index. The local sulcal index decrease was not homogeneous across the whole cortex. It was more significant in the superior temporal sulcus bilaterally, in the left middle frontal sulcus and in the diagonal branch of left sylvian fissure (Broca's area). Findings suggest abnormalities in cortical gyrification in these patients. Sulcal abnormalities in language-related cortex might underlie these patients' particular vulnerability to hallucinations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnaud Cachia
- Inserm, U797 Research Unit Neuroimaging & Psychiatry, IFR49, Orsay, France
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Galinowski A. [Neuro-psycho-immunology: the influence of aging on the biological mechanisms of stress, anxiety and depression]. Encephale 2007; 32 Pt 4:S1112-4. [PMID: 17356478 DOI: 10.1016/s0013-7006(06)76295-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Ben Amor C, Galinowski A, Gueguen B, Bourdel M, Waismann R, Granger B, Debray Q, Olie J, Krebs M. Effect of clozapine and olanzapine on cortical excitability in schizophrenia. Eur Psychiatry 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpsy.2007.01.326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
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Martinot J, McGuire P, Kircher T, Hubl D, Allen P, Paillere-Martinot M, Galinowski A, Bellivier F, Januel D, De Beaurepaire R, Plaze M, Artiges E, Mangin J, Cachia A. Automatic assessment of brain gyrification in patients. Eur Psychiatry 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpsy.2007.01.226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
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Amado I, Galinowski A, Daban C, Ramdane-Cherif Z, Poirier E, Bourdel MC, Poirier MF, Krebs MO. Effects of lithium on saccadic eye movements in healthy subjects in a ten-day double-blind placebo-controlled cross-over pilot study. Pharmacopsychiatry 2006; 38:321-5. [PMID: 16342005 DOI: 10.1055/s-2005-916188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Although previous studies have shown that lithium modifies eye movements or psychomotor speed, no studies have ever explored the predictive saccades or memory guided saccades during lithium administration. We took the objective to determine the influence of lithium in pseudo-random, predictive or memory-guided saccades in healthy subjects with a view to detect reduced psychomotor speed, inability to anticipate incoming events, or working memory deficits. METHODS A ten day lithium-placebo randomized double-blind cross-over pilot study was carried out with 12 healthy male volunteers. The cognitive assessment included pseudo-random, predictive and memory guided saccades before and after lithium and placebo periods. A biological assay substantiated the lithium effect on TSH and thyroid hormones. RESULTS There was no change in pseudo-random or memory guided saccades when comparing lithium or placebo administration. However the ratio of anticipated saccades decreased under the lithium sequence while it remained stable under placebo. Also, subjects having lithium serum levels of > 0.5 meq/l had longer latencies in anticipated saccades. CONCLUSION The findings do not support a major effect of lithium on alertness or on working memory, although the dosage and duration of lithium was sufficient to modify TSH blood level. Nevertheless, lithium treatment was associated with decreased anticipation in predictive saccades, suggesting this could reflect a reduced ability to anticipate quick motor movements and could be related to the well-known effect of lithium as an anti-impulsive medication.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Amado
- INSERM, E0117, Pathophysiology of psychiatric disorders, University Paris Descartes, Faculty of Medecine Paris Descartes, Paris, France.
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Galinowski A. [Borderline personality disorder]. Encephale 2005; 31 Pt 2:S73-5. [PMID: 16673717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- A Galinowski
- Hôspital Sainte-Anne, Service des Professeurs Lôo et Olié, 7, rue Cabanis, 75014, Paris
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Fabre I, Galinowski A, Oppenheim C, Gallarda T, Meder JF, De Montigny C, Olié JP, Poirier MF. Antidepressant efficacy and cognitive effects of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation in vascular depression: an open trial. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry 2004; 19:833-42. [PMID: 15352140 DOI: 10.1002/gps.1172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Beneficial effects of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) were demonstrated by many controlled studies in major depression. Moreover, this promising and non invasive therapeutic tool seems to be better tolerated than electroconvulsive therapy.Vascular depression is a subtype of late-life depression, associated with cerebrovascular disease and means a poorer response to antidepressant treatment. We employed rTMS over the left prefrontal cortex in 11 patients with late-onset resistant vascular depression. The primary purpose of this two-week open study was to examine antidepressant efficacy of rTMS in vascular depression. The secondary aim was to evaluate cognitive effects of rTMS in our sample. METHODS Clinical status, as measured with the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS), and cognitive effects, as evaluated by neuropsychological tests, were assessed at baseline and after two weeks of rTMS. Brain measurements to obtain an index of prefrontal atrophy were performed at both the motor cortex and prefrontal cortex. RESULTS Five out of 11 resistant patients with late-onset vascular depression were responders. They showed a clinically meaningful improvement in HDRS scores, with a decrease of 11, 4 points (p<0.01). Antidepressant response is correlated to the relative degree of prefrontal atrophy (p = 0.05). After two weeks, verbal fluency and visuospatial memory improved. No cognitive performance deteriorated except for verbal memory, as the delayed recall decreased significantly in the responders' group. CONCLUSIONS Our preliminary observations prompt to perform a subsequent controlled study to examine if rTMS may constitute an alternative to electroconvulsive therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Fabre
- Sainte-Anne Hospital, University Department of Psychiatry, Paris, France
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Poirier MF, Galinowski A, Amado I, Longevialle R, Bourdel MC, Tournoux A, Serre C, Loo H. Double-blind comparative study of the action of repeated administration of milnacipran versus placebo on cognitive functions in healthy volunteers. Hum Psychopharmacol 2004; 19:1-7. [PMID: 14716705 DOI: 10.1002/hup.557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The principal objective was to compare the effects of milnacipran, an antidepressant characterized by a dual-action on serotonin and noradrenaline reuptake, with placebo on memory, attention and psychomotor performance in healthy volunteers. The secondary objective was to evaluate the effects of milnacipran on mood, anxiety and vigilance in these subjects. METHODS In a double-blind crossover randomized trial, milnacipran (50 mg b.d.) or placebo was administered during two periods of 7 days separated by a washout period of 7 days. Memory tests (recall of words, images and coloured bars), tests to evaluate attention and vigilance (squares test, critical flicker fusion test and choice reaction time test) and visual analogue scales for affect and sleep were used. RESULTS There were no significant differences between milnacipran and placebo groups with respect to the psychomotor functions tested. No differences were observed in the Norris scales for vigilance, anxiety or satisfaction or in the sleep questionnaire (sleep latency, sleep quality and waking). CONCLUSION Milnacipran, administered at 100 mg per day for 7 days to healthy volunteers, had no effects on cognitive functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- M F Poirier
- Service Hospitalo-Universitaire de Santé Mentale et de Thérapeutique, Centre Hospitalier Sainte-Anne, 1 rue Cabanis, 75014 Paris, France
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Galinowski A. [Schizo-affective disorders: a valid phenotype?]. Encephale 2002; 28 Spec No 1 Pt 2:S8-11. [PMID: 12486882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- A Galinowski
- SHU de Santé Mentale et Thérapeutique, 1, rue Cabanis, 75014 Paris
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Galinowski A, Castelnau C, Spreux-Varoquaux O, Bourdel MC, Olie JP, Loo H, Poirier MF. Evolution of plasma homovanillic acid (HVA) levels during treatment in schizo-affective disorder. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2000; 24:1319-28. [PMID: 11125856 DOI: 10.1016/s0278-5846(00)00140-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
1. Plasma Homovanillic Acid (p HVA) levels were measured by HPLC (high performance liquid chromatography) in 5 schizo-affective depressed patients receiving a standardized treatment. (lithium, chlorpromazine and clomipramine) during 4 weeks. 2. Four patients were pretreated, without a washout period. 3. No significant difference was observed between patients and normal controls at baseline. Under treatment, pHVA levels increased (p<0.02) with clinical improvement (MADRS and PANSS scores). 4. Although effects of medications prior to the study period were not controlled, these findings suggest that depressed schizo-affective patients may have normal pHVA levels that increase with clinical improvement, unlike schizophrenic patients whose increased pHVA concentrations decline with neuroleptic treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Galinowski
- University Clinic of Mental Health and Therapeutics, Sainte Anne Hospital (Paris), Cochin Port Royal Faculty of Medicine, France
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Galinowski A. [The concept of schizoaffective disorder: paraclinical validity of schizoaffective disorder]. Encephale 1999; 25 Spec No 4:17-9. [PMID: 10609105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/14/2023]
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38
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Galinowski A. [The borderline concept: therapeutic implications]. Encephale 1998; 24 Spec No 1:4-7. [PMID: 9809246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
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39
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Galinowski A, Poirier MF, Aymard N, Leyris A, Beauverie P, Bourdel MC, Loo H. Evolution of plasma homovanillic acid (HVA) in chronic schizophrenic patients treated with haloperidol. Acta Psychiatr Scand 1998; 97:458-66. [PMID: 9669519 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0447.1998.tb10031.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
In a 4-week study of 14 drug-free schizophrenic patients (according to DSM-III-R), free and conjugated fractions of plasma homovanillic acid (pHVA) were repeatedly measured. Free HVA levels decreased during the first 2 h of haloperidol intake (P < 0.03). Conjugated HVA levels slowly decreased during the following weeks (P < 0.05), while free HVA levels remained stable. After 4 weeks, free HVA levels remained unchanged 2 h after morning haloperidol intake, but conjugated HVA levels tended to increase. In haloperidol responders, at baseline the free/total HVA ratio was significantly higher than that in non-responders (P < 0.01). Tolerant patients, i.e. those whose post-treatment free HVA levels decreased below pre-treatment levels, were not found to respond better to haloperidol than non-tolerant patients. The balance between free and conjugated pHVA may be a better reflection of the action of haloperidol than free pHVA levels and it may be of prognostic value in terms of drug response.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Galinowski
- University Clinic of Mental Health and Therapeutics, Sainte-Anne Hospital, Paris, France
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40
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Galinowski A. [Stress and immunity]. Encephale 1997; 23 Spec No 5:18-22. [PMID: 9488916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- A Galinowski
- Service Hospitalo-Universitaire de Santé Mentale et de Thérapeutique, Hôpital Ste-Anne, Paris
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Sarfati Y, Chauchot F, Galinowski A. [Meta-process paraphrenia in manic-depressive disorder]. Encephale 1997; 23:459-62. [PMID: 9488930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
A typical case report exemplifies existing links between paraphrenia and affective disorders. Kraepelin noted similarities between paraphrenia and manic-depressive illness, particularly between mania and paraphrenia confabulans. Thereafter, the German school has insisted on similarities of symptoms and course of the two entities. The French school, on the contrary, has insisted on the instrumental role of affective disorder in the development of paraphrenia: paraphrenia is considered as a potential evolution of primary psychotic disorders. If cases of post-schizophrenic paraphrenia have been reported, the development of paraphrenia on a background of bipolar disorder seems rarer. Such a case is presented and discussed, supporting the concept and its mechanisms as illustrated by French psychiatrists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Sarfati
- Service de Psychiatrie Adulte (Pr Chevalier), Centre Hospitalier Richaud, Versailles
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42
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Lévy-Soussan P, Berneman A, Poirier MF, Galinowski A, Loo H, Olié JP, Avrameas S. Differences in the natural autoantibody patterns of patients with schizophrenia and normal individuals. J Psychiatry Neurosci 1996; 21:89-95. [PMID: 8820173 PMCID: PMC1188746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The expression of IgG and IgM autoantibodies directed against various autoantigens, either part of the central nervous system or not, was investigated in the sera of inpatients with schizophrenia (n = 10). An enzyme immunoassay was used to measure the levels of these autoantibodies in whole sera, IgG-depleted sera, and isolated IgG fractions. IgG and IgM antibodies, reacting with all the antigens tested, were present in the sera of patients with schizophrenia as well as in the sera of normal individuals. Among patients suffering from schizophrenia, IgM natural autoantibody reactivities could be higher (myoglobin, serotonin, tubulin), lower (dopamine), or even identical to those of normal individuals, depending on whether whole or fractionated sera were assayed and on the group of patients with schizophrenia (responders and nonresponders) considered. The isolated IgG fractions of patients suffering from schizophrenia had higher anti-DNA and antiserotonin reactivities than those detected in normal individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Lévy-Soussan
- University of Paris, Paris V, Cochin, Ste-Anne Hospital, France
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Abstract
In order to assess the internal structure of MADRS, a principal component analysis was performed in a group of 137 patients suffering from DSM-III major depression (MADRS score at baseline > 20) receiving a 4 week treatment in three double-blind drug trials (medifoxamine vs clomipramine, imipramine or amineptine). Prior to antidepressant treatment, three factors could be identified with 32 %, 12 % and 11.5 % of explained variance. The first factor corresponded to the global severity of depression whereas the second, with sleep and appetite items scoring high, could be postulated as a somatic factor. After 28 days of antidepressant treatment (mean MADRS total score = 13.3), only one factor could be substantiated, representing 66% of total variance. The study was primarily based on data obtained without rotation, which ensures the independence of the different factors. The good internal consistency of MADRS accounts for the high correlation of all items with the first factor (r = 0.95). MADRS appears as a unidimensional scale more oriented towards psychic as opposed to somatic aspects of depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Galinowski
- Service Hospitalo-Universitaire de Santé Mentale et de Thérapeutique, Hôpital Sainte Anne, Paris, France
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Abstract
A decreased thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) response to thyrotropin releasing hormone (TRH) has been noted in major depression. Some authors found a positive correlation between baseline TSH levels and TSH response to TRH, especially with sensitive assays of TSH. Serum TSH was assayed by a sensitive method in 55 depressed patients and 38 healthy volunteers. Patients were subclassified according to DSM-III as suffering from major depression (n = 40) and non-major depression (n = 15). The patients' mean score on the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HRSD) was 50 (SD = 10). The TSH value was significantly lower in depressed patients compared with healthy control subjects, and in major compared with non-major depression. No differences in TSH levels distinguished the various subtypes of major depression. There was a significant negative correlation between global HRSD scores and TSH concentrations. The most anxious patients tended to have significantly lower TSH values compared with the least anxious subjects. Total HRSD insomnia scores correlated negatively with TSH concentrations after log transformation. The sensitive determination of TSH may also provide an index of thyroid function in depression that is simpler to implement than measurements of the TSH response to TRH.
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Affiliation(s)
- M F Poirier
- Psychiatric Department, SHU, Centre Hospitalier Sainte-Anne, Paris, France
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Achard S, Chignon JM, Poirier-Littré MF, Galinowski A, Pringuey D, Van Os J, Lemonnier F. [Social adjustment and depression: value of the SAS-SR (Social Adjustment Scale Self-Report)]. Encephale 1995; 21:107-16. [PMID: 7781581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
The Social Adjustment Scale Self-Report (SAS-SR) is a simple and inexpensive method, which allows the routine assessment of the patient's social adjustment, especially in the case of depression. Compared with other scales based on an interview with the patient, the SAS-SR is more sensitive to change in the patient's clinical status. The SAS-SR is a useful method as part of the detection of even mild depressions, regular aftercare evaluation of out-patients or as an outcome measure in longitudinal studies. A French version of the SAS-SR is now available and is currently under evaluation in a large-scale randomized therapeutic trial.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Achard
- Service d'Hématologie, Hôtel-Dieu de Paris
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Abstract
The widespread use of antidepressants since the late 1950s and especially the ambulatory treatment of the majority of depressive patients raises the issue of the state of knowledge of the effects of these drugs on cognitive function. This review aims at synthesizing information about differential effects of antidepressants on cognitive function to facilitate good prescription. The first part of this review tries to summarize the main tasks used to explore global reactivity, attention, memory and psychomotor performances. The second part of this work presents the differential cognitive effects of antidepressants with a discrimination between substances which have a sedative impact, antidepressants with no cognitive effect, and drugs which seem to have a positive cognitive action. The differenciation is established for single and repeated administration, for healthy volunteers and depressed subjects. For each substance, the dose, the tasks selected and cognitive effect are discussed and the question of the real benefit of this cognitive impact is raised. The specificity of cognitive effects of antidepressants related to age and to the combination with alcohol are also tackled. Then the discussion raises the difficulty and the biases encountered to perform neuropsychological studies and particularly evaluation of cognitive effects of antidepressants. Finally the conclusion of this review gives some advice to select and prescribe antidepressants according to their cognitive effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Amado-Boccara
- Service Hospitalo-Universitaire de Santé Mentale et de Thérapeutique, Hôpital Sainte Anne: 7, Paris
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Vanelle JM, Loo H, Galinowski A, de Carvalho W, Bourdel MC, Brochier P, Bouvet O, Brochier T, Olie JP. Maintenance ECT in intractable manic-depressive disorders. Convuls Ther 1994; 10:195-205. [PMID: 7834256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Twenty-two patients suffering from intractable recurrent unipolar or bipolar mood disorders were enrolled in a maintenance-ECT protocol (ECT-M) for more than 18 months, with a treatment at approximately monthly intervals. Eleven have continued treatment for > 2 years. Whereas 44% of the year had been spent in the hospital with at least three episodes a year prior to ECT-M, only 7% of the year was spent in the hospital during ECT-M with only one relapse every 16 months requiring admission (p < 0.001). Forty-five percent of the patients were in full remission and 27% in partial remission according to DSM-III-R criteria. ECT-M responsiveness of rapid-cyclers and delusional depressed patients usually drug refractory has been very encouraging with full or partial remission for 100% of rapid-cyclers and 80% of delusional depressed patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Vanelle
- Service Hospitalo Universitaire de Santé Mentale et de Thérapeutique, Paris V René Descartes University, France
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Lévy-Soussan P, Barbouche R, Poirier MF, Galinowski A, Lôo H, Avrameas S. A preliminary prospective study on natural autoantibodies and the response of untreated schizophrenic patients to neuroleptics. Biol Psychiatry 1994; 35:135-8. [PMID: 8167210 DOI: 10.1016/0006-3223(94)91204-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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49
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Amado-Boccara I, Gougoulis N, Poirier-Littré MF, Galinowski A, Lôo H. [Effects of antidepressants on cognitive functions. Review of the literature]. Encephale 1994; 20:65-77. [PMID: 8174512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
In this review the authors propose to study the impact of antidepressants on attention, memory and motor functions in healthy volunteers and depressed patients on single and long-term administration. After reviewing the principal cognitive functions, we examine the actual investigation means to conclude that the Critical Flicker Fusion Test (CFFT) is one of the most drug-sensitive tests. It permits a categorization in: sedative antidepressants that in single administration lower CFFT; compounds with no effect on CFFT and no deleterious cognitive effect; and finally substances that raise CFFT and may have psychostimulating properties. On single administration amitriptyline is the most sedative antidepressant on attention or motor level. It seems to produce negative effects on memory level. However, experimental trials give contradictory results. Imipramine in single administration also has sedative effects on memory and car driving capacity. However divergent results of experimental trials do not allow any conclusions of a clearcut negative cognitive effect. Memory impairments with imipramine appear at administration levels of 150 mg. Mianserin has a sedative impact on attention and motor level at low doses (10 mg). Among the tricyclics, nortriptyline has a highly dose dependent sedative effect that has been shown on attention tests (Time Reaction:TR, Digit Symbol Substitution Test: DSST). Among non-tricyclic compounds, doxepine lowers attention and motor performances. Maprotiline (75 mg) lowers CFFT and has a dose dependent effect. Trazodone also has a negative impact on attention tests. Finally viloxazine lowers CFFT but does not impair other attention or motor tests on a 100 mg doses. Buspirone, lofepramine, midalcipran and zimelidine are antidepressants with no effect on CFFT and do not have any positive or negative cognitive effect. On the other hand nomifensine, paroxetine and fluoxetine raise CFFT in healthy volunteers on single administration. Improvement of CFFT performances was found in an isolated manner for nomifensine and paroxetine on 30 mg doses with no other memory or motor effects. MAO-Inhibitors do not impair attention or motor function; thus moclobemide has no negative impact on memory, attention or car driving tests. Cognitive impact of antidepressants in depressive patients seems the same with those of healthy volunteers on single administration. In long-term administration antidepressants have different effects in healthy and depressed subjects. In healthy volunteers cognitive effects of most compounds are normalized after the second week of treatment. However, attention and motor performances with amitriptyline are normalized after 3 weeks of treatment. Sedative motor or cognitive effects of imipramine do not exceed 8 days.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
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Affiliation(s)
- I Amado-Boccara
- Service Hospitalo-Universitaire de Santé Mentale et de Thérapeutique, Hôpital Sainte-Anne, Paris
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Olié JP, Galinowski A, Lehert P, Lemonnier F, Lôo H. [Randomized double-blind comparative study of the efficacy and tolerance of medifoxamine and imipramine in depressed patients]. Encephale 1993; 19:333-40. [PMID: 8275921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Medifoxamine (Clédial TM), a non tricyclic non MAOI antidepressant drug with a dopaminergic and serotoninergic mechanism of action, was compared to imipramine in a multicenter double blind trial. Patients suffering from DSM III-R major depression (without psychotic features), with a minimum inclusion score of 25 at the MADRS after an initial 7-day wash-out period, were randomly assigned to a 4-week treatment by either imipramine or medifoxamine, with flexible doses of at least 100 mg after 2 weeks of treatment. No associated treatment was permitted except for lorazepam 2 to 5 mg per day. Ninety eight patients were recruited by 20 centers throughout France. Eighty four terminated the 4-week protocol. Early terminations were due to serious adverse events (3), death on imipramine (1), protocol violation (1), refusal to continue (1), loss to follow up (1). The 2 groups of patients were comparable on inclusion. In the medifoxamine group (receiving a daily dose of 194 mg at day 28) the percentage of improvement in MADRS scores, the number of patients with a MADRS improvement of a least 50% and a final MADRS score inferior to 8, were not significantly different from the imipramine group (daily dose: 161 mg at day 28). No more difference appeared when several clinical variables were analyzed, in particular the DSM III-R melancholic, the Newcastle endogenous subtypes and the in or out patient status. The two treatment groups were also comparable on other scales (HDRS, HARS assessing anxiety, CGI).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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Affiliation(s)
- J P Olié
- Service Hospitalo-Universitaire de Santé Mentale et de Thérapeutique, Centre Hospitalier Sainte-Anne, Paris
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