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Bouquet P, Alexandre V, De Lamballerie M, Ley D, Lesage J, Goffard A, Cocquerel L. Effect of High Hydrostatic Pressure Processing and Holder Pasteurization of Human Milk on Inactivation of Human Coronavirus 229E and Hepatitis E Virus. Viruses 2023; 15:1571. [PMID: 37515257 PMCID: PMC10384040 DOI: 10.3390/v15071571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
In preterm infants, sterilized donor milk (DM) is frequently used for feeding when breast milk is lacking. Most human milk banks use the Holder pasteurization method (HoP) to ensure the microbiological safety of DM. However, this method degrades many bioactive factors and hormones. Recently, high hydrostatic pressure (HHP) processing, which preserves bioactive factors in human milk, has been proposed as an alternative method to ensure the safety of DM. Although HHP treatment has been shown to be effective for viral inactivation, the effect of HHP on viruses that may be present in the complex nutritional matrix of human milk has not yet been defined. In the present study, we compared the efficacy of two HHP protocols (4 cycles at 350 MPa at 38 °C designated as 4xHP350 treatment, and 1 cycle at 600 MPa at 20 °C designated as 1xHP600 treatment) with the HoP method on artificially virus-infected DM. For this purpose, we used human coronavirus 229E (HCoV-229E) and hepatitis E virus (HEV) as surrogate models for enveloped and non-enveloped viruses. Our results showed that HCoV-229E is inactivated by HHP and HoP treatment. In particular, the 4xHP350 protocol is highly effective in inactivating HCoV-229E. However, our results demonstrated a matrix effect of human milk on HCoV-229E inactivation. Furthermore, we demonstrated that HEV is stable to moderate pressure HHP treatment, but the milk matrix does not protect it from inactivation by the high-pressure HHP treatment of 600 MPa. Importantly, the complex nutritional matrix of human milk protects HEV from inactivation by HoP treatment. In conclusion, we demonstrated that HHP and HoP treatments do not lead to complete inactivation of both surrogate virus models, indicating that these treatments cannot guarantee total viral safety of donor milk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peggy Bouquet
- Unit of Clinical Microbiology, Institut Pasteur de Lille, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Virginie Alexandre
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019-UMR 9017-CIIL-Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, F-59000 Lille, France
| | | | - Delphine Ley
- CHU Lille, Division of Gastroenterology Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Paediatrics, Jeanne de Flandre Children's Hospital, F-59000 Lille, France
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1286-INFINITE-Institute for Translational Research in Inflammation, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Jean Lesage
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1286-INFINITE-Institute for Translational Research in Inflammation, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Anne Goffard
- Unit of Clinical Microbiology, Institut Pasteur de Lille, F-59000 Lille, France
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019-UMR 9017-CIIL-Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Laurence Cocquerel
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019-UMR 9017-CIIL-Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, F-59000 Lille, France
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Alidjinou EK, Demaret J, Corroyer-Simovic B, Vuotto F, Miczek S, Labreuche J, Goffard A, Trauet J, Lupau D, Dendooven A, Huvent-Grelle D, Podvin J, Dreuil D, Faure K, Deplanque D, Bocket L, Duhamel A, Sobaszek A, Hober D, Hisbergues M, Puisieux F, Autran B, Yazdanpanah Y, Labalette M, Lefèvre G. Serum neutralization of SARS coronavirus 2 Omicron sublineages BA.1 and BA.2 and cellular immune responses 3 months after booster vaccination. Clin Microbiol Infect 2023; 29:258.e1-258.e4. [PMID: 36257549 PMCID: PMC9576208 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmi.2022.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2022] [Revised: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We investigated serum neutralizing activity against BA.1 and BA.2 Omicron sublineages and T cell response before and 3 months after administration of the booster vaccine in healthcare workers (HCWs). METHODS HCWs aged 18-65 years who were vaccinated and received booster doses of the BNT162b2 vaccine were included. Anti-SARS coronavirus 2 IgG levels and cellular response (through interferon γ ELISpot assay) were evaluated in all participants, and neutralizing antibodies against Delta, BA.1, and BA.2 were evaluated in participants with at least one follow-up visit 1 or 3 months after the administration of the booster dose. RESULTS Among 118 HCWs who received the booster dose, 102 and 84 participants attended the 1-month and 3-month visits, respectively. Before the booster vaccine dose, a low serum neutralizing activity against Delta, BA.1, and BA.2 was detectable in only 39/102 (38.2%), 8/102 (7.8%), and 12/102 (11.8%) participants, respectively. At 3 months, neutralizing antibodies against Delta, BA.1, and BA.2 were detected in 84/84 (100%), 79/84 (94%), and 77/84 (92%) participants, respectively. Geometric mean titres of neutralizing antibodies against BA.1 and BA.2 were 2.2-fold and 2.8-fold reduced compared with those for Delta. From 1 to 3 months after the administration of the booster dose, participants with a recent history of SARS coronavirus 2 infection (n = 21/84) had persistent levels of S1 reactive specific T cells and neutralizing antibodies against Delta and BA.2 and 2.2-fold increase in neutralizing antibodies against BA.1 (p 0.014). Conversely, neutralizing antibody titres against Delta (2.5-fold decrease, p < 0.0001), BA.1 (1.5-fold, p 0.02), and BA.2 (2-fold, p < 0.0001) declined from 1 to 3 months after the administration of the booster dose in individuals without any recent infection. DISCUSSION The booster vaccine dose provided significant and similar response against BA.1 and BA.2 Omicron sublineages; however, the immune response declined in the absence of recent infection.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Julie Demaret
- CHU Lille, Institut d'Immunologie, INFINITE - Institute for Translational Research in Inflammation Inserm Univ. Lille, France
| | - Bénédicte Corroyer-Simovic
- CHU Lille, Pôle de Gériatrie, Hôpital gériatrique Les Bateliers, CHU de Lille, Université de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Fanny Vuotto
- CHU Lille, Département de Maladies Infectieuses, Lille, France
| | - Sophie Miczek
- CHU Lille, Médecine et santé-travail, CHU Lille, Lille, France
| | | | - Anne Goffard
- Université Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, CIIL U1019 - CIIL-Centre d'Infection et d'Immunité de Lille Centre d'Infection et d'Immunité de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Jacques Trauet
- CHU Lille, Institut d'Immunologie, INFINITE - Institute for Translational Research in Inflammation Inserm Univ. Lille, France
| | - Daniela Lupau
- CHU Lille, Institut d'Immunologie, INFINITE - Institute for Translational Research in Inflammation Inserm Univ. Lille, France
| | - Arnaud Dendooven
- CHU Lille, Institut d'Immunologie, INFINITE - Institute for Translational Research in Inflammation Inserm Univ. Lille, France
| | - Dominique Huvent-Grelle
- CHU Lille, Pôle de Gériatrie, Hôpital gériatrique Les Bateliers, CHU de Lille, Université de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Juliette Podvin
- CHU Lille, Pôle de Gériatrie, Hôpital gériatrique Les Bateliers, CHU de Lille, Université de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Daniel Dreuil
- CHU Lille, Pôle de Gériatrie, Hôpital gériatrique Les Bateliers, CHU de Lille, Université de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Karine Faure
- CHU Lille, Département de Maladies Infectieuses, Lille, France
| | - Dominique Deplanque
- Université Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, CIC 1403-Clinical Investigation Center, 59000 Lille, France
| | - Laurence Bocket
- Université Lille, CHU Lille, Laboratoire de Virologie, Lille, France
| | - Alain Duhamel
- Université Lille, CHU Lille, EA 2694 - Santé publique: épidémiologie et qualité des soins, Université de Lille, Lille, Hauts-de-France, France
| | - Annie Sobaszek
- CHU Lille, Médecine et santé-travail, Université Lille, CHU Lille, ULR 4483, Lille, France
| | - Didier Hober
- Université Lille, CHU Lille, Laboratoire de Virologie, Lille, France
| | - Michael Hisbergues
- CHU Lille, Université Lille, Centre de Ressources Biologiques, Lille, France
| | - Francois Puisieux
- CHU Lille, Pôle de Gériatrie, Hôpital gériatrique Les Bateliers, CHU de Lille, Université de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Brigitte Autran
- Sorbonne-Université, Paris, France; UMR-S Inserm/UPMC 1135, Centre de Recherches Immunité Maladies Infectieuses, Paris, France
| | - Yazdan Yazdanpanah
- INSERM, IAME, Hôpital Bichat - Claude-Bernard, Infectious Diseases Department, France
| | - Myriam Labalette
- CHU Lille, Institut d'Immunologie, INFINITE - Institute for Translational Research in Inflammation Inserm Univ. Lille, France
| | - Guillaume Lefèvre
- CHU Lille, Institut d'Immunologie, INFINITE - Institute for Translational Research in Inflammation Inserm Univ. Lille, France.
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Alidjinou EK, Demaret J, Corroyer-Simovic B, Labreuche J, Goffard A, Trauet J, Lupau D, Miczek S, Vuotto F, Dendooven A, Huvent-Grelle D, Podvin J, Dreuil D, Faure K, Deplanque D, Bocket L, Duhamel A, Sobaszek A, Hober D, Hisbergues M, Puisieux F, Autran B, Yazdanpanah Y, Labalette M, Lefèvre G. Immunogenicity of BNT162b2 vaccine booster against SARS-CoV-2 Delta and Omicron variants in nursing home residents: A prospective observational study in older adults aged from 68 to 98 years. Lancet Reg Health Eur 2022; 17:100385. [PMID: 35469147 PMCID: PMC9022478 DOI: 10.1016/j.lanepe.2022.100385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The present study aimed to evaluate the persistent immunogenicity offered by a third dose of BNT162b2 against Delta and Omicron variants, in nursing home (NH) residents. METHODS In this monocenter prospective observational study, anti-spike IgG levels, S1 domain reactive T cell counts, serum neutralizing antibody titers against Delta and Omicron variants were compared before and up to three months after the BNT162b2 booster dose, in NH residents without COVID-19 (COVID-19 naive) or with COVID-19 prior to initial vaccination (COVID-19 recovered). FINDINGS 106 NH residents (median [interquartile range] age: 86·5 [81;91] years) were included. The booster dose induced a high increase of anti-spike antibody levels in all subjects (p < 0.0001) and a mild transient increase of specific T cells. Before the booster dose, Delta neutralization was detected in 19% (n = 8/43) and 88% (n = 37/42) of COVID-19 naive and COVID-19 recovered subjects, respectively. Three months after the booster dose, all NH residents developed and maintained a higher Delta neutralization (p < 0·0001). Before the booster dose, Omicron neutralization was detected in 5% (n = 2/43) and 55% (n = 23/42) of COVID-19 naive and COVID-19 recovered subjects, respectively, and three months after, in 84% and 95%, respectively. Neutralizing titers to Omicron were lower than to Delta in both groups with a 35-fold reduction compared to Delta. INTERPRETATION The booster dose restores high neutralization titers against Delta in all NH residents, and at a lower level against Omicron in a large majority of participants. Future studies are warranted to assess if repeated BNT162b2 booster doses or new specific vaccines might be considered for protecting such fragile patients against Omicron and/or future SARS-CoV-2 variants. FUNDING French government through the Programme Investissement d'Avenir (I-SITE ULNE/ANR-16-IDEX-0004 ULNE) and the Label of COVID-19 National Research Priority (National Steering Committee on Therapeutic Trials and Other COVID-19 Research, CAPNET).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Julie Demaret
- CHU Lille, Institut d'Immunologie, U1286 - INFINITE - Institute for Translational Research in Inflammation Inserm Univ. Lille, F-59000, Lille, France
| | - Bénédicte Corroyer-Simovic
- CHU Lille, Pôle de Gériatrie, Hôpital Gériatrique Les Bateliers, CHU de Lille, Université de Lille, Lille F-59000, France
| | | | - Anne Goffard
- Université Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019 - UMR 8204 - CIIL U1019 - CIIL-Centre d'Infection et d'Immunité de Lille Centre d'Infection et d'Immunité de Lille, Lille F-59000, France
- Clinical Microbiology Unit, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille F-59000, France
| | - Jacques Trauet
- CHU Lille, Institut d'Immunologie, U1286 - INFINITE - Institute for Translational Research in Inflammation Inserm Univ. Lille, F-59000, Lille, France
| | - Daniela Lupau
- CHU Lille, Institut d'Immunologie, U1286 - INFINITE - Institute for Translational Research in Inflammation Inserm Univ. Lille, F-59000, Lille, France
| | - Sophie Miczek
- CHU Lille, Médecine et santé–Travail, CHU Lille, Lille F-59000, France
| | - Fanny Vuotto
- Département de Maladies Infectieuses, CHU Lille, Lille F-59000, France
| | - Arnaud Dendooven
- CHU Lille, Institut d'Immunologie, U1286 - INFINITE - Institute for Translational Research in Inflammation Inserm Univ. Lille, F-59000, Lille, France
| | - Dominique Huvent-Grelle
- CHU Lille, Pôle de Gériatrie, Hôpital Gériatrique Les Bateliers, CHU de Lille, Université de Lille, Lille F-59000, France
| | - Juliette Podvin
- CHU Lille, Pôle de Gériatrie, Hôpital Gériatrique Les Bateliers, CHU de Lille, Université de Lille, Lille F-59000, France
| | - Daniel Dreuil
- CHU Lille, Pôle de Gériatrie, Hôpital Gériatrique Les Bateliers, CHU de Lille, Université de Lille, Lille F-59000, France
| | - Karine Faure
- Département de Maladies Infectieuses, CHU Lille, Lille F-59000, France
| | - Dominique Deplanque
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, CIC 1403 – Clinical Investigation Center, Lille 59000, France
| | - Laurence Bocket
- Univ Lille, CHU Lille, Laboratoire de Virologie ULR3610, Lille F-59000, France
| | - Alain Duhamel
- Université Lille, CHU Lille, EA 2694 - Santé Publique: Épidémiologie et Qualité Des Soins, Université de Lille, Lille, Hauts-de-France, France
| | - Annie Sobaszek
- CHU Lille, Médecine et santé-travail, Univ. Lille, CHU Lille, ULR 4483, IMPECS, Lille F-59000, France
| | - Didier Hober
- Univ Lille, CHU Lille, Laboratoire de Virologie ULR3610, Lille F-59000, France
| | - Michael Hisbergues
- CHU Lille, Université Lille, Univ.Lille, Centre de Ressources Biologiques, Lille F-59000, France
| | - Francois Puisieux
- CHU Lille, Pôle de Gériatrie, Hôpital Gériatrique Les Bateliers, CHU de Lille, Université de Lille, Lille F-59000, France
| | - Brigitte Autran
- Sorbonne-Université, Paris, France
- UMR-S Inserm/UPMC 1135, CIMI-Paris (Centre de Recherches Immunité Maladies Infectieuses), Paris, France
| | - Yazdan Yazdanpanah
- Infectious Diseases Department, INSERM, IAME, Hôpital Bichat - Claude-Bernard, France
| | - Myriam Labalette
- CHU Lille, Institut d'Immunologie, U1286 - INFINITE - Institute for Translational Research in Inflammation Inserm Univ. Lille, F-59000, Lille, France
| | - Guillaume Lefèvre
- CHU Lille, Institut d'Immunologie, U1286 - INFINITE - Institute for Translational Research in Inflammation Inserm Univ. Lille, F-59000, Lille, France
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Bentaleb C, Hervouet K, Montpellier C, Camuzet C, Ferrié M, Burlaud-Gaillard J, Bressanelli S, Metzger K, Werkmeister E, Ankavay M, Janampa NL, Marlet J, Roux J, Deffaud C, Goffard A, Rouillé Y, Dubuisson J, Roingeard P, Aliouat-Denis CM, Cocquerel L. The endocytic recycling compartment serves as a viral factory for hepatitis E virus. Cell Mol Life Sci 2022; 79:615. [PMID: 36460928 PMCID: PMC9718719 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-022-04646-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Although hepatitis E virus (HEV) is the major leading cause of enterically transmitted viral hepatitis worldwide, many gaps remain in the understanding of the HEV lifecycle. Notably, viral factories induced by HEV have not been documented yet, and it is currently unknown whether HEV infection leads to cellular membrane modeling as many positive-strand RNA viruses. HEV genome encodes the ORF1 replicase, the ORF2 capsid protein and the ORF3 protein involved in virion egress. Previously, we demonstrated that HEV produces different ORF2 isoforms including the virion-associated ORF2i form. Here, we generated monoclonal antibodies that specifically recognize the ORF2i form and antibodies that recognize the different ORF2 isoforms. One antibody, named P1H1 and targeting the ORF2i N-terminus, recognized delipidated HEV particles from cell culture and patient sera. Importantly, AlphaFold2 modeling demonstrated that the P1H1 epitope is exposed on HEV particles. Next, antibodies were used to probe viral factories in HEV-producing/infected cells. By confocal microscopy, we identified subcellular nugget-like structures enriched in ORF1, ORF2 and ORF3 proteins and viral RNA. Electron microscopy analyses revealed an unprecedented HEV-induced membrane network containing tubular and vesicular structures. We showed that these structures are dependent on ORF2i capsid protein assembly and ORF3 expression. An extensive colocalization study of viral proteins with subcellular markers, and silencing experiments demonstrated that these structures are derived from the endocytic recycling compartment (ERC) for which Rab11 is a central player. Hence, HEV hijacks the ERC and forms a membrane network of vesicular and tubular structures that might be the hallmark of HEV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cyrine Bentaleb
- grid.503422.20000 0001 2242 6780University of Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Pasteur Institute of Lille, U1019-UMR 9017-CIIL-Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, 59000 Lille, France
| | - Kévin Hervouet
- grid.503422.20000 0001 2242 6780University of Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Pasteur Institute of Lille, U1019-UMR 9017-CIIL-Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, 59000 Lille, France
| | - Claire Montpellier
- grid.503422.20000 0001 2242 6780University of Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Pasteur Institute of Lille, U1019-UMR 9017-CIIL-Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, 59000 Lille, France
| | - Charline Camuzet
- grid.503422.20000 0001 2242 6780University of Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Pasteur Institute of Lille, U1019-UMR 9017-CIIL-Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, 59000 Lille, France
| | - Martin Ferrié
- grid.503422.20000 0001 2242 6780University of Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Pasteur Institute of Lille, U1019-UMR 9017-CIIL-Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, 59000 Lille, France
| | - Julien Burlaud-Gaillard
- grid.411167.40000 0004 1765 1600Inserm U1259, Morphogénèse et Antigénicité du VIH et des Virus des Hépatites (MAVIVH), Université de Tours and CHRU de Tours, 37032 Tours, France ,Université de Tours et CHRU de Tours, Plateforme IBiSA de Microscopie Electronique, Tours, France
| | - Stéphane Bressanelli
- grid.457334.20000 0001 0667 2738Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), Gif-Sur-Yvette, France
| | - Karoline Metzger
- grid.503422.20000 0001 2242 6780University of Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Pasteur Institute of Lille, U1019-UMR 9017-CIIL-Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, 59000 Lille, France
| | - Elisabeth Werkmeister
- grid.503422.20000 0001 2242 6780Univ. Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, UMR2014-US41-PLBS-Plateformes Lilloises de Biologie and Santé, Lille, France
| | - Maliki Ankavay
- grid.503422.20000 0001 2242 6780University of Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Pasteur Institute of Lille, U1019-UMR 9017-CIIL-Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, 59000 Lille, France ,Present Address: Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Institute of Microbiology, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Nancy Leon Janampa
- grid.411167.40000 0004 1765 1600Inserm U1259, Morphogénèse et Antigénicité du VIH et des Virus des Hépatites (MAVIVH), Université de Tours and CHRU de Tours, 37032 Tours, France
| | - Julien Marlet
- grid.411167.40000 0004 1765 1600Inserm U1259, Morphogénèse et Antigénicité du VIH et des Virus des Hépatites (MAVIVH), Université de Tours and CHRU de Tours, 37032 Tours, France
| | | | | | - Anne Goffard
- grid.503422.20000 0001 2242 6780University of Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Pasteur Institute of Lille, U1019-UMR 9017-CIIL-Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, 59000 Lille, France
| | - Yves Rouillé
- grid.503422.20000 0001 2242 6780University of Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Pasteur Institute of Lille, U1019-UMR 9017-CIIL-Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, 59000 Lille, France
| | - Jean Dubuisson
- grid.503422.20000 0001 2242 6780University of Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Pasteur Institute of Lille, U1019-UMR 9017-CIIL-Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, 59000 Lille, France
| | - Philippe Roingeard
- grid.411167.40000 0004 1765 1600Inserm U1259, Morphogénèse et Antigénicité du VIH et des Virus des Hépatites (MAVIVH), Université de Tours and CHRU de Tours, 37032 Tours, France ,Université de Tours et CHRU de Tours, Plateforme IBiSA de Microscopie Electronique, Tours, France
| | - Cécile-Marie Aliouat-Denis
- grid.503422.20000 0001 2242 6780University of Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Pasteur Institute of Lille, U1019-UMR 9017-CIIL-Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, 59000 Lille, France
| | - Laurence Cocquerel
- grid.503422.20000 0001 2242 6780University of Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Pasteur Institute of Lille, U1019-UMR 9017-CIIL-Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, 59000 Lille, France
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5
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Demaret J, Corroyer-Simovic B, Alidjinou EK, Goffard A, Trauet J, Miczek S, Vuotto F, Dendooven A, Huvent-Grelle D, Podvin J, Dreuil D, Faure K, Deplanque D, Bocket L, Duhamel A, Labreuche J, Sobaszek A, Hisbergues M, Puisieux F, Labalette M, Lefèvre G. Impaired Functional T-Cell Response to SARS-CoV-2 After Two Doses of BNT162b2 mRNA Vaccine in Older People. Front Immunol 2021; 12:778679. [PMID: 34868051 PMCID: PMC8637126 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.778679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Long-term care facility (LTCF) older residents display physiological alterations of cellular and humoral immunity that affect vaccine responses. Preliminary reports suggested a low early postvaccination antibody response against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The aim of this study was to focus on the specific T-cell response. We quantified S1-specific IgG, neutralizing antibody titers, total specific IFNγ-secreting T cells by ELISpot, and functionality of CD4+- and CD8+-specific T cells by flow cytometry, after two doses of the BNT162b2 vaccine in younger and older people, with and without previous COVID-19 infection (hereafter referred to as COVID-19-recovered and COVID-19-naive subjects, respectively). Frailty, nutritional, and immunosenescence parameters were collected at baseline in COVID-19-naive older people. We analyzed the immune response in 129 young adults (median age 44.0 years) and 105 older residents living in a LCTF (median age 86.5 years), 3 months after the first injection. Humoral and cellular memory responses were dramatically impaired in the COVID-19-naive older (n = 54) compared with the COVID-19-naive younger adults (n = 121). Notably, older participants’ neutralizing antibodies were 10 times lower than the younger’s antibody titers (p < 0.0001) and LCTF residents also had an impaired functional T-cell response: the frequencies of IFNγ+ and IFNγ+IL-2+TNFα+ cells among specific CD4+ T cells, and the frequency of specific CD8+ T cells were lower in COVID-19-naive older participants than in COVID-19-naive young adults (p < 0.0001 and p = 0.0018, respectively). However, COVID-19-recovered older participants (n = 51) had greater antibody and T-cell responses, including IFNγ+ and IFNγ+IL-2+TNFα+-specific CD4+ T cells (p < 0.0001), as well as TNFα+-specific CD8+ T cells (p < 0.001), than COVID-19-naive older adults. We also observed that “inflammageing” and particularly high plasma levels of TNFα was associated to poor antibody response in the older participants. In conclusion, our results show that the COVID-19-naive older people had low counts and impaired specific CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, in addition to impaired antibody response, and that specific studies are warranted to assess the efficiency of SARS-CoV-2 mRNA-based vaccines, as in other immunocompromised subjects. Our study also shows that, despite their physiological alterations of immunity, vaccination is highly efficient in boosting the prior natural memory response in COVID-19-recovered older people.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Demaret
- Institut d'Immunologie, U1286 - INFINITE - Institute for Translational Research in Inflammation Inserm Univ. Lille, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Lille, Lille, France
| | - Bénédicte Corroyer-Simovic
- Pôle de Gériatrie, Hôpital Gériatrique Les Bateliers, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Lille, Université de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Enagnon Kazali Alidjinou
- Faculté de Médecine, Laboratoire de Virologie ULR3610, Univ Lille, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Lille, Lille, France
| | - Anne Goffard
- Université Lille, Centre Nationale de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Inserm, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019 - Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 8204 - Centre d'Infection et d'Immunité de Lille (CIIL)-Centre d'Infection et d'Immunité de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Jacques Trauet
- Institut d'Immunologie, U1286 - INFINITE - Institute for Translational Research in Inflammation Inserm Univ. Lille, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Lille, Lille, France
| | - Sophie Miczek
- Médecine et santé-travail, Univ. Lille, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Lille, ULR 4483, IMPact de l'Environnement Chimique sur la Santé (IMPECS), Lille, France
| | - Fanny Vuotto
- Département de Maladies Infectieuses, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Lille, Lille, France
| | - Arnaud Dendooven
- Institut d'Immunologie, U1286 - INFINITE - Institute for Translational Research in Inflammation Inserm Univ. Lille, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Lille, Lille, France
| | - Dominique Huvent-Grelle
- Pôle de Gériatrie, Hôpital Gériatrique Les Bateliers, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Lille, Université de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Juliette Podvin
- Pôle de Gériatrie, Hôpital Gériatrique Les Bateliers, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Lille, Université de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Daniel Dreuil
- Pôle de Gériatrie, Hôpital Gériatrique Les Bateliers, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Lille, Université de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Karine Faure
- Département de Maladies Infectieuses, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Lille, Lille, France
| | - Dominique Deplanque
- Centre d'Investigation Clinique (CIC) 1403 - Clinical Investigation Center, Univ. Lille, Inserm, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Lille, Lille, France
| | - Laurence Bocket
- Faculté de Médecine, Laboratoire de Virologie ULR3610, Univ Lille, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Lille, Lille, France
| | - Alain Duhamel
- EA 2694 - Santé publique: épidémiologie et qualité des soins, Université de Lille, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Lille, Lille, France
| | - Julien Labreuche
- EA 2694 - Santé publique: épidémiologie et qualité des soins, Université de Lille, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Lille, Lille, France
| | - Annie Sobaszek
- Médecine et santé-travail, Univ. Lille, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Lille, ULR 4483, IMPact de l'Environnement Chimique sur la Santé (IMPECS), Lille, France
| | - Michael Hisbergues
- Centre de Ressources Biologiques, Université Lille, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Lille, Lille, France
| | - Francois Puisieux
- Pôle de Gériatrie, Hôpital Gériatrique Les Bateliers, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Lille, Université de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Myriam Labalette
- Institut d'Immunologie, U1286 - INFINITE - Institute for Translational Research in Inflammation Inserm Univ. Lille, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Lille, Lille, France
| | - Guillaume Lefèvre
- Institut d'Immunologie, U1286 - INFINITE - Institute for Translational Research in Inflammation Inserm Univ. Lille, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Lille, Lille, France
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6
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Pokeerbux MR, Yelnik CM, Faure E, Drumez E, Bruandet A, Labreuche J, Assaf A, Goffard A, Garabedian C, Poissy J, Desbordes J, Garrigue D, Scherpereel A, Faure K, Lambert M. National early warning score to predict intensive care unit transfer and mortality in COVID-19 in a French cohort. Int J Clin Pract 2021; 75:e14121. [PMID: 33650136 PMCID: PMC7995084 DOI: 10.1111/ijcp.14121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND No risk stratification tool has been validated in hospitalised patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), despite a high rate of intensive care requirement and in-hospital mortality. We aimed to determine whether the National Early Warning Score (NEWS) at admission can accurately predict in-hospital mortality and ICU transfer. METHODS This was a retrospective cohort study from January 24 to April 16, 2020, at Lille University Hospital. All consecutive adult patients with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 who were initially admitted to non-ICU wards were included. The primary outcome was a composite criterion consisting of ICU transfer or in-hospital mortality. We evaluated the prognostic performance of NEWS by calculating the area under (AUC) the receiver operating characteristic curve, the optimal threshold value of NEWS, and its association with the primary outcome. RESULTS Of the 202 COVID-19 patients, the median age was 65 (interquartile range 52-78), 38.6% were women and 136 had at least one comorbidity. The median NEWS was 4 (2-6). A total of 65 patients were transferred to the ICU or died in the hospital. Compared with patients with favourable outcome, these patients were significantly older, had more comorbidities and higher NEWS. The AUC for NEWS was 0.68 (0.60-0.77) and the best cutoff value was 6. Adjusted odds ratio for NEWS ≥ 6 as an independent predictor was 3.78 (1.94-7.09). CONCLUSIONS In hospitalised COVID-19 patients, NEWS was an independent predictor of ICU transfer and in-hospital death. In daily practice, NEWS ≥ 6 at admission may help to identify patients who are at risk to deteriorate.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Cécile M. Yelnik
- Internal Medicine DepartmentUniv. LilleINSERM U1167CHU LilleLilleFrance
| | - Emmanuel Faure
- Infectious Disease DepartmentUniv. LilleINSERM U1019CHU LilleCNRS UMR9017LilleFrance
| | - Elodie Drumez
- Department of BiostatisticsUniv. LilleULR 2694 ‐ METRICS : Évaluation des technologies de santé et des pratiques médicalesCHU LilleLilleFrance
| | | | - Julien Labreuche
- Department of BiostatisticsUniv. LilleULR 2694 ‐ METRICS : Évaluation des technologies de santé et des pratiques médicalesCHU LilleLilleFrance
| | - Ady Assaf
- Infectious Disease DepartmentUniv. LilleINSERM U1019CHU LilleCNRS UMR9017LilleFrance
| | - Anne Goffard
- Virology DepartmentUniv. LilleINSERM U1019CHU LilleCNRS UMR 9017LilleFrance
| | | | - Julien Poissy
- Univ. LilleINSERM U1285CHU LilleIntensive Care UnitCNRSUMR 8576UGSF ‐ Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et FonctionnelleLilleFrance
| | | | | | - Arnaud Scherpereel
- Department of Pulmonary and Thoracic OncologyUniv. LilleCHU LilleLilleFrance
| | - Karine Faure
- Infectious Disease DepartmentUniv. LilleINSERM U1019CHU LilleCNRS UMR9017LilleFrance
| | - Marc Lambert
- Internal Medicine DepartmentUniv. LilleINSERM U1167CHU LilleLilleFrance
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7
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Perrier A, Bonnin A, Desmarets L, Danneels A, Goffard A, Rouillé Y, Dubuisson J, Belouzard S. The C-terminal domain of the MERS coronavirus M protein contains a trans-Golgi network localization signal. J Biol Chem 2019; 294:14406-14421. [PMID: 31399512 PMCID: PMC6768645 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra119.008964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2019] [Revised: 08/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Coronavirus M proteins represent the major protein component of the viral
envelope. They play an essential role during viral assembly by interacting with
all of the other structural proteins. Coronaviruses bud into the endoplasmic
reticulum (ER)–Golgi intermediate compartment (ERGIC), but the mechanisms
by which M proteins are transported from their site of synthesis, the ER, to the
budding site remain poorly understood. Here, we investigated the intracellular
trafficking of the Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) M
protein. Subcellular localization analyses revealed that the MERS-CoV M protein
is retained intracellularly in the trans-Golgi network (TGN),
and we identified two motifs in the distal part of the C-terminal domain as
being important for this specific localization. We identified the first motif as
a functional diacidic DxE ER export signal, because substituting Asp-211 and
Glu-213 with alanine induced retention of the MERS-CoV M in the ER. The second
motif, 199KxGxYR204, was responsible for retaining the M
protein in the TGN. Substitution of this motif resulted in MERS-CoV M leakage
toward the plasma membrane. We further confirmed the role of
199KxGxYR204 as a TGN retention signal by using
chimeras between MERS-CoV M and the M protein of infectious bronchitis virus
(IBV). Our results indicated that the C-terminal domains of both proteins
determine their specific localization, namely TGN and
ERGIC/cis-Golgi for MERS-M and IBV-M, respectively. Our
findings indicate that MERS-CoV M protein localizes to the TGN because of the
combined presence of an ER export signal and a TGN retention motif.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anabelle Perrier
- Université Lille, CNRS, INSERM, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019-UMR 8204-CIIL-Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Ariane Bonnin
- Université Lille, CNRS, INSERM, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019-UMR 8204-CIIL-Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Lowiese Desmarets
- Université Lille, CNRS, INSERM, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019-UMR 8204-CIIL-Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Adeline Danneels
- Université Lille, CNRS, INSERM, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019-UMR 8204-CIIL-Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Anne Goffard
- Université Lille, CNRS, INSERM, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019-UMR 8204-CIIL-Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Yves Rouillé
- Université Lille, CNRS, INSERM, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019-UMR 8204-CIIL-Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Jean Dubuisson
- Université Lille, CNRS, INSERM, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019-UMR 8204-CIIL-Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Sandrine Belouzard
- Université Lille, CNRS, INSERM, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019-UMR 8204-CIIL-Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, F-59000 Lille, France
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8
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Goffard A, Odou P, Aliouat EM, Aliouat-Denis CM, Carnoy C, Décaudin B, Damien C, Hamoudi M, Pinçon C, Quelennec K, Zanetti S, Ravaux P, Standaert A. Development and Evaluation of a Hybrid Course in Clinical Virology at a Faculty of Pharmacy in Lille, France. JMIR Med Educ 2019; 5:e10766. [PMID: 30973341 PMCID: PMC6482402 DOI: 10.2196/10766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2018] [Revised: 10/15/2018] [Accepted: 11/03/2018] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND During their studies, pharmacy students must acquire the specific skills in clinical virology required for their subsequent professional practice. Recent experiments on teaching and learning in higher education have shown that hybrid courses strengthen the students' commitment to learning and enable high-quality knowledge acquisition. OBJECTIVE This study concerned the design and deployment of a hybrid course that combines face-to-face and Web-based instruction in clinical virology for fourth-year pharmacy students. The study's objectives were to (1) measure the students' level of involvement in the course, (2) gauge their interest in this type of learning, and (3) highlight any associated difficulties. METHODS The study included 194 fourth-year pharmacy students from the Lille Faculty of Pharmacy (University of Lille, Lille, France) between January and June 2017. The students followed a hybrid course comprising an online learning module and 5 tutorial sessions in which professional situations were simulated. The learning module and 3 online evaluation sessions were delivered via the Moodle learning management system. Each tutorial session ended with an evaluation. The number of Moodle log-ins, the number of views of learning resources, and the evaluation marks were recorded. The coefficient for the correlation between the marks in the online evaluation and those in the tutorials was calculated. The students' opinions and level of satisfaction were evaluated via a course questionnaire. RESULTS The course's learning resources and Web pages were viewed 21,446 and 3413 times, respectively. Of the 194 students, 188 (96.9%) passed the course (ie, marks of at least 10 out of 20). There was a satisfactory correlation between the marks obtained in the online evaluations and those obtained after the tutorials. The course met the students' expectations in 53.2% of cases, and 57.4% of the students stated that they were able to work at their own pace. Finally, 26.6% of the students stated that they had difficulty organizing their work around this hybrid course. CONCLUSIONS Our results showed that pharmacy students were strongly in favor of a hybrid course. The levels of attendance and participation were high. However, teachers must be aware that some students will encounter organizational difficulties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Goffard
- Université de Lille, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, INSERM, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019 - UMR 8204 - Centre d'Infection et d'Immunité de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Pascal Odou
- EA 7365 - Groupe de Recherche sur les Formes Injectables et les Technologies Associées, Lille, France
| | - El Moukhtar Aliouat
- Université de Lille, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, INSERM, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019 - UMR 8204 - Centre d'Infection et d'Immunité de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Cécile-Marie Aliouat-Denis
- Université de Lille, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, INSERM, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019 - UMR 8204 - Centre d'Infection et d'Immunité de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Christophe Carnoy
- Université de Lille, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, INSERM, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019 - UMR 8204 - Centre d'Infection et d'Immunité de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Bertrand Décaudin
- EA 7365 - Groupe de Recherche sur les Formes Injectables et les Technologies Associées, Lille, France
| | - Cuny Damien
- Université de Lille, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, EA 4483 - Impact de l'Environnement Chimique sur la Santé Humaine, Lille, France
| | - Mounira Hamoudi
- Université de Lille, INSERM, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Lille, U1008 - Controlled Drug Delivery Systems and Biomaterials, Lille, France
| | - Claire Pinçon
- Université de Lille, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Lille, EA 2694 - Santé Publique: Épidémiologie et Qualité des Soins, Lille, France
| | - Katia Quelennec
- Lille University, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biology of Lille, Lille, France
| | - Sebastien Zanetti
- Lille University, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biology of Lille, Lille, France
| | - Pierre Ravaux
- Lille University, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biology of Lille, Lille, France
| | - Annie Standaert
- Université de Lille, INSERM, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Lille, UMR995 - Lille Inflammation Research International Center, Lille, France
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9
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Maurier F, Beury D, Fléchon L, Varré JS, Touzet H, Goffard A, Hot D, Caboche S. A complete protocol for whole-genome sequencing of virus from clinical samples: Application to coronavirus OC43. Virology 2019; 531:141-148. [PMID: 30878524 PMCID: PMC7112119 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2019.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2019] [Revised: 03/07/2019] [Accepted: 03/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Genome sequencing of virus has become a useful tool for better understanding of virus pathogenicity and epidemiological surveillance. Obtaining virus genome sequence directly from clinical samples is still a challenging task due to the low load of virus genetic material compared to the host DNA, and to the difficulty to get an accurate genome assembly. Here we introduce a complete sequencing and analyzing protocol called V-ASAP for Virus Amplicon Sequencing Assembly Pipeline. Our protocol is able to generate the viral dominant genome sequence starting from clinical samples. It is based on a multiplex PCR amplicon sequencing coupled with a reference-free analytical pipeline. This protocol was applied to 11 clinical samples infected with coronavirus OC43 (HcoV-OC43), and led to seven complete and two nearly complete genome assemblies. The protocol introduced here is shown to be robust, to produce a reliable sequence, and could be applied to other virus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florence Maurier
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019 - UMR8204 - CIIL - Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Delphine Beury
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019 - UMR8204 - CIIL - Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Léa Fléchon
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Inria, UMR 9189 - CRIStAL - Centre de Recherche en Informatique Signal et Automatique de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Jean-Stéphane Varré
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Inria, UMR 9189 - CRIStAL - Centre de Recherche en Informatique Signal et Automatique de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Hélène Touzet
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Inria, UMR 9189 - CRIStAL - Centre de Recherche en Informatique Signal et Automatique de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Anne Goffard
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019 - UMR8204 - CIIL - Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - David Hot
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019 - UMR8204 - CIIL - Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Ségolène Caboche
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019 - UMR8204 - CIIL - Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, F-59000 Lille, France.
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10
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Bonnin A, Danneels A, Dubuisson J, Goffard A, Belouzard S. HCoV-229E spike protein fusion activation by trypsin-like serine proteases is mediated by proteolytic processing in the S2' region. J Gen Virol 2018; 99:908-912. [PMID: 29786498 DOI: 10.1099/jgv.0.001074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Human coronavirus 229E (HCoV-229E) is responsible for common colds. Like other coronaviruses, HCoV-229E exploits cellular proteases to activate fusion mediated by the spike protein. We analysed the proteolytic processing of the HCoV-229E spike protein by trypsin-like serine proteases leading to activation of the fusion process. Unlike in other coronaviruses, HCoV-229E fusion activation appears to be a one-step process. Indeed, cleavage of the S1/S2 interface does not seem to be a prerequisite, and the fusion activation is highly reliant on the S2' region, with arginine residue 683 acting as the recognition site.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ariane Bonnin
- Université Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019 - UMR 8204 - CIIL U1019 - CIIL-Centre d'Infection et d'Immunité de Lille Centre d'Infection et d'Immunité de Lille, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Adeline Danneels
- Université Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019 - UMR 8204 - CIIL U1019 - CIIL-Centre d'Infection et d'Immunité de Lille Centre d'Infection et d'Immunité de Lille, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Jean Dubuisson
- Université Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019 - UMR 8204 - CIIL U1019 - CIIL-Centre d'Infection et d'Immunité de Lille Centre d'Infection et d'Immunité de Lille, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Anne Goffard
- Université Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019 - UMR 8204 - CIIL U1019 - CIIL-Centre d'Infection et d'Immunité de Lille Centre d'Infection et d'Immunité de Lille, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Sandrine Belouzard
- Université Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019 - UMR 8204 - CIIL U1019 - CIIL-Centre d'Infection et d'Immunité de Lille Centre d'Infection et d'Immunité de Lille, F-59000 Lille, France
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11
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Montpellier C, Wychowski C, Sayed IM, Meunier JC, Saliou JM, Ankavay M, Bull A, Pillez A, Abravanel F, Helle F, Brochot E, Drobecq H, Farhat R, Aliouat-Denis CM, Haddad JG, Izopet J, Meuleman P, Goffard A, Dubuisson J, Cocquerel L. Hepatitis E Virus Lifecycle and Identification of 3 Forms of the ORF2 Capsid Protein. Gastroenterology 2018; 154:211-223.e8. [PMID: 28958858 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2017.09.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2017] [Revised: 09/08/2017] [Accepted: 09/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection is a major cause of acute hepatitis worldwide. Approximately 2 billion people live in areas endemic for HEV and are at risk of infection. The HEV genome encodes 3 proteins, including the ORF2 capsid protein. Detailed analyses of the HEV life cycle has been hampered by the lack of an efficient viral culture system. METHODS We performed studies with gt3 HEV cell culture-produced particles and patient blood and stool samples. Samples were fractionated on iodixanol gradients and cushions. Infectivity assays were performed in vitro and in human liver chimeric mice. Proteins were analyzed by biochemical and proteomic approaches. Infectious particles were analyzed by transmission electron microscopy. HEV antigen levels were measured with the Wantaï enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS We developed an efficient cell culture system and isolated HEV particles that were infectious in vitro and in vivo. Using transmission electron microscopy, we defined the ultrastructure of HEV cell culture-produced particles and particles from patient sera and stool samples. We also identified the precise sequence of the infectious particle-associated ORF2 capsid protein. In cultured cells and in samples from patients, HEV produced 3 forms of the ORF2 capsid protein: infectious/intracellular ORF2 (ORF2i), glycosylated ORF2 (ORF2g), and cleaved ORF2 (ORF2c). The ORF2i protein associated with infectious particles, whereas the ORF2g and ORF2c proteins were massively secreted glycoproteins not associated with infectious particles. ORF2g and ORF2c were the most abundant antigens detected in sera from patients. CONCLUSIONS We developed a cell culture system and characterized HEV particles; we identified 3 ORF2 capsid proteins (ORF2i, ORF2g, and ORFc). These findings will advance our understanding of the HEV life cycle and improve diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire Montpellier
- University of Lille, CNRS, INSERM, CHU Lille, Pasteur Institute of Lille, U1019-UMR8204-CIIL-Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, Lille, France
| | - Czeslaw Wychowski
- University of Lille, CNRS, INSERM, CHU Lille, Pasteur Institute of Lille, U1019-UMR8204-CIIL-Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, Lille, France.
| | - Ibrahim M Sayed
- Laboratory of Liver Infectious Diseases, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; Microbiology and Immunology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | | | - Jean-Michel Saliou
- University of Lille, CNRS, INSERM, CHU Lille, Pasteur Institute of Lille, U1019-UMR8204-CIIL-Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, Lille, France
| | - Maliki Ankavay
- University of Lille, CNRS, INSERM, CHU Lille, Pasteur Institute of Lille, U1019-UMR8204-CIIL-Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, Lille, France
| | - Anne Bull
- Inserm-U966, University F. Rabelais, Tours, France
| | - André Pillez
- University of Lille, CNRS, INSERM, CHU Lille, Pasteur Institute of Lille, U1019-UMR8204-CIIL-Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, Lille, France
| | - Florence Abravanel
- CHU Toulouse, Hôpital Purpan, Laboratoire de virologie, National Reference Center for Hepatitis E, Toulouse, France
| | - François Helle
- EA4294, Laboratoire de Virologie, Centre Universitaire de Recherche en Santé, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire et Université de Picardie Jules Verne, Amiens, France
| | - Etienne Brochot
- EA4294, Laboratoire de Virologie, Centre Universitaire de Recherche en Santé, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire et Université de Picardie Jules Verne, Amiens, France
| | - Hervé Drobecq
- University of Lille, CNRS, Institut Pasteur de Lille, UMR 8161-M3T-Mechanisms of Tumorigenesis and Target Therapies, Lille, France
| | - Rayan Farhat
- University of Lille, CNRS, INSERM, CHU Lille, Pasteur Institute of Lille, U1019-UMR8204-CIIL-Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, Lille, France
| | - Cécile-Marie Aliouat-Denis
- University of Lille, CNRS, INSERM, CHU Lille, Pasteur Institute of Lille, U1019-UMR8204-CIIL-Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, Lille, France
| | - Juliano G Haddad
- University of Lille, CNRS, INSERM, CHU Lille, Pasteur Institute of Lille, U1019-UMR8204-CIIL-Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, Lille, France
| | - Jacques Izopet
- CHU Toulouse, Hôpital Purpan, Laboratoire de virologie, National Reference Center for Hepatitis E, Toulouse, France
| | - Philip Meuleman
- Laboratory of Liver Infectious Diseases, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Anne Goffard
- University of Lille, CNRS, INSERM, CHU Lille, Pasteur Institute of Lille, U1019-UMR8204-CIIL-Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, Lille, France
| | - Jean Dubuisson
- University of Lille, CNRS, INSERM, CHU Lille, Pasteur Institute of Lille, U1019-UMR8204-CIIL-Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, Lille, France
| | - Laurence Cocquerel
- University of Lille, CNRS, INSERM, CHU Lille, Pasteur Institute of Lille, U1019-UMR8204-CIIL-Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, Lille, France.
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12
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Osman M, Benamrouz S, Guyot K, Baydoun M, Frealle E, Chabe M, Gantois N, Delaire B, Goffard A, Aoun A, Jurdi N, Dabboussi F, Even G, Slomianny C, Gosset P, Hamze M, Creusy C, Viscogliosi E, Certad G. High association of Cryptosporidium spp. infection with colon adenocarcinoma in Lebanese patients. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0189422. [PMID: 29261714 PMCID: PMC5736188 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0189422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2017] [Accepted: 11/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The association between Cryptosporidium and human colon cancer has been reported in different populations. However, this association has not been well studied. In order to add new strong arguments for a probable link between cryptosporidiosis and colon human cancer, the aim of this study was to determine prevalence and to identify species of Cryptosporidium among Lebanese patients. Methodology and principal findings Overall, 218 digestive biopsies were collected in Tripoli, Lebanon, from three groups of patients: (i) patients with recently diagnosed colon intraepithelial neoplasia/adenocarcinoma before any treatment (n = 72); (ii) patients with recently diagnosed stomach intraepithelial neoplasia/adenocarcinoma before any treatment (n = 21); and (iii) patients without digestive intraepithelial neoplasia/adenocarcinoma but with persistent digestive symptoms (n = 125). DNA extraction was performed from paraffin-embedded tissue. The presence of the parasite in tissues was confirmed by PCR, microscopic observation and immunofluorescence analysis. We identified a high rate (21%) of Cryptosporidium presence in biopsies from Lebanese patients with recently diagnosed colonic neoplasia/adenocarcinoma before any treatment. This prevalence was significantly higher compared to 7% of Cryptosporidium prevalence among patients without colon neoplasia but with persistent gastrointestinal symptoms (OR: 4, CI: 1.65–9.6, P = 0.001). When the comparison was done against normal biopsies, the risk of infection increased 11-fold in the group of patients with colon adenocarcinoma (OR: 11.315, CI: 1.44–89.02, P = 0.003). Conclusions This is the first study performed in Lebanon reporting the prevalence of Cryptosporidium among patients with digestive cancer. These results show that Cryptosporidium is strongly associated with human colon cancer being maybe a potential etiological agent of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marwan Osman
- Institut Pasteur de Lille, Centre d’Infection et d’Immunité de Lille (CIIL), UMR CNRS 8204, INSERM U1019, Université de Lille, CHU de Lille, Biologie et Diversité des Pathogènes Eucaryotes Emergents (BDPEE), Lille, France
- Laboratoire Microbiologie Santé et Environnement (LMSE), Ecole Doctorale des Sciences et de Technologie, Faculté de Santé Publique, Université Libanaise, Tripoli, Lebanon
| | - Sadia Benamrouz
- Institut Pasteur de Lille, Centre d’Infection et d’Immunité de Lille (CIIL), UMR CNRS 8204, INSERM U1019, Université de Lille, CHU de Lille, Biologie et Diversité des Pathogènes Eucaryotes Emergents (BDPEE), Lille, France
- Ecologie et Biodiversité, Faculté de Gestion, Economie et Sciences (FGES), Université Catholique de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Karine Guyot
- Institut Pasteur de Lille, Centre d’Infection et d’Immunité de Lille (CIIL), UMR CNRS 8204, INSERM U1019, Université de Lille, CHU de Lille, Biologie et Diversité des Pathogènes Eucaryotes Emergents (BDPEE), Lille, France
| | - Martha Baydoun
- Institut Pasteur de Lille, Centre d’Infection et d’Immunité de Lille (CIIL), UMR CNRS 8204, INSERM U1019, Université de Lille, CHU de Lille, Biologie et Diversité des Pathogènes Eucaryotes Emergents (BDPEE), Lille, France
- BioMEMS, Université de Lille, CNRS, ISEN, UMR 8520 - IEMN, Lille, France
- BioGAP, groupe HEI-ISA-ISEN, Lille, France
| | - Emilie Frealle
- Institut Pasteur de Lille, Centre d’Infection et d’Immunité de Lille (CIIL), UMR CNRS 8204, INSERM U1019, Université de Lille, CHU de Lille, Biologie et Diversité des Pathogènes Eucaryotes Emergents (BDPEE), Lille, France
- Centre Hospitalier Régional et Universitaire de Lille & Faculté de Médecine de Lille, Université Lille Nord de France, Laboratoire de Parasitologie-Mycologie, Centre de Biologie et Pathologie, Lille, France
| | - Magali Chabe
- Institut Pasteur de Lille, Centre d’Infection et d’Immunité de Lille (CIIL), UMR CNRS 8204, INSERM U1019, Université de Lille, CHU de Lille, Biologie et Diversité des Pathogènes Eucaryotes Emergents (BDPEE), Lille, France
- Faculté des sciences pharmaceutiques et biologiques, Université Lille Nord de France, Département de Parasitologie–Mycologie, Lille, France
| | - Nausicaa Gantois
- Institut Pasteur de Lille, Centre d’Infection et d’Immunité de Lille (CIIL), UMR CNRS 8204, INSERM U1019, Université de Lille, CHU de Lille, Biologie et Diversité des Pathogènes Eucaryotes Emergents (BDPEE), Lille, France
| | - Baptiste Delaire
- Service d’Anatomie et de Cytologie Pathologiques, Groupement des Hôpitaux de l’Université Catholique de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Anne Goffard
- Molecular and Cellular Virology, University Lille, CNRS, INSERM, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019-UMR 8204-CIIL-Centre d’Infection et d’Immunité de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Albert Aoun
- Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Nawaf Jurdi
- Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Fouad Dabboussi
- Laboratoire Microbiologie Santé et Environnement (LMSE), Ecole Doctorale des Sciences et de Technologie, Faculté de Santé Publique, Université Libanaise, Tripoli, Lebanon
| | - Gael Even
- Genes Difussion, Douai, France-PEGASE-Biosciences, Lille, France
| | - Christian Slomianny
- Laboratory of Cell Physiology, INSERM U 1003, Université de Lille, Villeneuve d’Ascq, France
| | - Pierre Gosset
- Service d’Anatomie et de Cytologie Pathologiques, Groupement des Hôpitaux de l’Université Catholique de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Monzer Hamze
- Laboratoire Microbiologie Santé et Environnement (LMSE), Ecole Doctorale des Sciences et de Technologie, Faculté de Santé Publique, Université Libanaise, Tripoli, Lebanon
| | - Colette Creusy
- Service d’Anatomie et de Cytologie Pathologiques, Groupement des Hôpitaux de l’Université Catholique de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Eric Viscogliosi
- Institut Pasteur de Lille, Centre d’Infection et d’Immunité de Lille (CIIL), UMR CNRS 8204, INSERM U1019, Université de Lille, CHU de Lille, Biologie et Diversité des Pathogènes Eucaryotes Emergents (BDPEE), Lille, France
| | - Gabriela Certad
- Institut Pasteur de Lille, Centre d’Infection et d’Immunité de Lille (CIIL), UMR CNRS 8204, INSERM U1019, Université de Lille, CHU de Lille, Biologie et Diversité des Pathogènes Eucaryotes Emergents (BDPEE), Lille, France
- Département de la Recherche Médicale, Groupement des Hôpitaux de l’Institut Catholique de Lille, Faculté de Médecine et Maïeutique, Université Catholique de Lille, Lille, France
- * E-mail:
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13
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Moudjahed H, Pinçon C, Alidjinou K, Dewilde A, Goffard A. Comparison of three molecular assays for detection of enteric viruses in stool samples. J Virol Methods 2017; 250:55-58. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jviromet.2017.09.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2017] [Revised: 09/15/2017] [Accepted: 09/27/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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14
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Goffard A, Demanche C, Arthur L, Pinçon C, Michaux J, Dubuisson J. Alphacoronaviruses Detected in French Bats Are Phylogeographically Linked to Coronaviruses of European Bats. Viruses 2015; 7:6279-90. [PMID: 26633467 PMCID: PMC4690861 DOI: 10.3390/v7122937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2015] [Revised: 11/17/2015] [Accepted: 11/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Bats are a reservoir for a diverse range of viruses, including coronaviruses (CoVs). To determine the presence of CoVs in French bats, fecal samples were collected between July and August of 2014 from four bat species in seven different locations around the city of Bourges in France. We present for the first time the presence of alpha-CoVs in French Pipistrellus pipistrellus bat species with an estimated prevalence of 4.2%. Based on the analysis of a fragment of the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) gene, phylogenetic analyses show that alpha-CoVs sequences detected in French bats are closely related to other European bat alpha-CoVs. Phylogeographic analyses of RdRp sequences show that several CoVs strains circulate in European bats: (i) old strains detected that have probably diverged a long time ago and are detected in different bat subspecies; (ii) strains detected in Myotis and Pipistrellus bat species that have more recently diverged. Our findings support previous observations describing the complexity of the detected CoVs in bats worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Goffard
- Molecular & Cellular Virology, University Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019-UMR 8204-CIIL-Centre d'Infection et d'Immunité de Lille, Bâtiment IBL. 1 rue du Pr. Calmette CS 50447, 59021 Lille Cedex, France.
| | - Christine Demanche
- Bacterial Respiratory Infections: Pertussis and Tuberculosis, University Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019-UMR 8204-CIIL-Centre d'Infection et d'Immunité de Lille, F-59000 Lille, France.
| | - Laurent Arthur
- Museum d'Histoire Naturelle de Bourges, Les Rives d'Auron, allée René Ménard, 18000 Bourges, France.
| | - Claire Pinçon
- University Lille, CHU Lille, EA 2694-Santé publique: épidémiologie et qualité des soins, F-59000 Lille, France.
| | - Johan Michaux
- Conservation Genetics Unit, Institute of Botany (B. 22), University Liège, 4000 Liège, Belgium.
- CIRAD TA C-22/E-Campus international de Baillarguet, 34398 Montpellier Cedex 5, France.
| | - Jean Dubuisson
- Molecular & Cellular Virology, University Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019-UMR 8204-CIIL-Centre d'Infection et d'Immunité de Lille, Bâtiment IBL. 1 rue du Pr. Calmette CS 50447, 59021 Lille Cedex, France.
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15
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Vandoolaeghe S, Blaizot A, Boudiguet D, Bougault V, Dei Cas E, Foligne B, Goffard A, Lefranc H, Oxombre B, Trentesaux T, Vandenbunder B, Wolowczuk I, Delhaes L. A charter for biomedical research ethics in a progressive, caring society. Philos Ethics Humanit Med 2015; 10:12. [PMID: 26567128 PMCID: PMC4644330 DOI: 10.1186/s13010-015-0032-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2015] [Accepted: 11/05/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Given that advances in research continuously raise new ethical issues, a multidisciplinary working group of investigators involved in biomedical research has gathered to discuss and compare ethical viewpoints in their daily practice. METHODS The working group has drafted a Charter for Ethics in Biomedical Research that encompasses all the steps in the research process, i.e. from the initial idea to analysis and publication of the results. RESULTS Based on key principles for ethically responsible research, the Charter may serve as a tool for performing research, discussing research issues and training researchers. CONCLUSIONS The Charter should stimulate researchers to think about their responsibility for research in a progressive, caring society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylvie Vandoolaeghe
- Departement of Ethics, Espace Ethique Hospitalier et Universitaire de Lille (EEHU), Lille University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, F-59000, Lille, France
- University of Lille, F-59000, Lille, France
| | - Alessandra Blaizot
- University of Lille, F-59000, Lille, France
- School of Dentistry, Lille University, F-59000, Lille, France
- University of Paris Descartes Laboratory of Medical Ethics and Forensic Medicine, EA 4569, F-75008, Paris, France
| | - Danie Boudiguet
- University of Lille, F-59000, Lille, France
- School of Anaesthetist Nursing, Lille University Hospital, F-59000, Lille, France
| | - Valérie Bougault
- University of Lille, F-59000, Lille, France
- EA 4488 "Activité Physique, Muscle, Santé", Faculty of Sports Sciences, F-59790, Ronchin, France
| | - Eduardo Dei Cas
- Departement of Ethics, Espace Ethique Hospitalier et Universitaire de Lille (EEHU), Lille University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, F-59000, Lille, France
- University of Lille, F-59000, Lille, France
- Department of Microbiology, Lille University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, F-59000, Lille, France
- Biology and Diversity of Emerging Eukaryotic Pathogens Research Group (BDEEP), F-59019, Lille, France
- Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille (CIIL), Institut Pasteur de Lille (IPL), F-59019, Lille, France
- UMR CNRS 8402, F-59021, Lille, France
| | - Benoît Foligne
- Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille (CIIL), Institut Pasteur de Lille (IPL), F-59019, Lille, France
- UMR CNRS 8402, F-59021, Lille, France
- CIIL, IPL, Lactic Acid Bacteria and Mucosal Immunity Research Group, Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille (CIIL), Institut Pasteur de Lille (IPL), F-59019, Lille, France
| | - Anne Goffard
- University Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019 - UMR 8204 - CIIL - Centre d'Infection et d'Immunité de Lille, F-59000, Lille, France.
| | - Hélène Lefranc
- University of Lille, F-59000, Lille, France
- Délégation à la Recherche Clinique et à l'Innovation, Maison Régionale de la Recherche Clinique Hospitalière et Universitaire, Lille University Hospital, F-59037, Lille, France
| | - Bénédicte Oxombre
- University of Lille, F-59000, Lille, France
- LIRIC - UMR 995, F-59000, Lille, France
| | - Thomas Trentesaux
- University of Lille, F-59000, Lille, France
- School of Dentistry, Lille University, F-59000, Lille, France
- University of Paris Descartes Laboratory of Medical Ethics and Forensic Medicine, EA 4569, F-75008, Paris, France
| | - Bernard Vandenbunder
- University of Lille, F-59000, Lille, France
- Interdisciplinary Research Institute, USR 3078 CNRS, University of Lille 1, F-59658, Villeneuve d'Ascq, France
| | - Isabelle Wolowczuk
- University of Lille, F-59000, Lille, France
- Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille (CIIL), Institut Pasteur de Lille (IPL), F-59019, Lille, France
- UMR CNRS 8402, F-59021, Lille, France
- Lung Infection and Innate Immunity (LI3), BP 245, F-59019, Lille, France
| | - Laurence Delhaes
- University of Lille, F-59000, Lille, France.
- Department of Microbiology, Lille University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, F-59000, Lille, France.
- Biology and Diversity of Emerging Eukaryotic Pathogens Research Group (BDEEP), F-59019, Lille, France.
- Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille (CIIL), Institut Pasteur de Lille (IPL), F-59019, Lille, France.
- UMR CNRS 8402, F-59021, Lille, France.
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16
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Poissy J, Goffard A, Parmentier-Decrucq E, Favory R, Kauv M, Kipnis E, Mathieu D, van der Werf S, Guery B. Kinetics and pattern of viral excretion in biological specimens of two MERS-CoV cases. J Clin Virol 2014; 61:275-8. [PMID: 25073585 PMCID: PMC7106432 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcv.2014.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2014] [Revised: 06/25/2014] [Accepted: 07/04/2014] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Lower respiratory tract excretion of MERS-CoV can be observed for more than one month. Viral excretion in multiple organs is possible, including viraemia. Prolonged infection prevention and control measures are necessary. Prolonged monitoring of respiratory excretion seems necessary.
Background Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) is an emerging coronavirus involved in severe acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and rapid renal failure. Hospital outbreak and nosocomial transmission were reported, however, several issues remain on the viral excretion course. Objectives Describe the kinetics and pattern of viral excretion in two infected patients. Study design After the initial diagnosis, blood, urine, rectal and respiratory samples were collected regularly, aliquoted and stored at −80 °C. Real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction assay targeted the UpE and Orf1a regions of the MERS-CoV genome. Results In patient 1, who died of refractory ARDS and renal failure, MERS-CoV RNA was detected in pharyngeal and tracheal swabs, as well blood samples and urine samples until the 30th day. Rectal swabs were negative. Patient 2 also developed multiple-organ failure, but survived, with persisting renal insufficiency (creatinine clearance at 30 mL/min) and persistent interstitial syndrome albeit weaned off mechanical ventilation and no longer requiring oxygen. Tracheal aspirations were positive until the 33rd day, while nasopharyngeal swabs were negative. All other biological samples were negative. Discussion Lower respiratory tract excretion of MERS-CoV could be observed for more than one month. The most severely ill patient presented an expression of the virus in blood and urine, consistent with a type-1 interferon mediated immunological response impaired in patient 1, but developed by patient 2. These results suggest that infection control precautions must be adequately evaluated in clinical wards and laboratories exposed to MERS-CoV.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Poissy
- Pôle de Réanimation, Hôpital Roger Salengro, Centre Hospitalier Régional et Universitaire de Lille, Université de Lille 2, Lille Cedex, France.
| | - A Goffard
- Laboratoire de Virologie, Centre de Biologie Pathologie, Centre Hospitalier Régional et Universitaire de Lille, Université de Lille 2, Lille Cedex, France; Molecular & Cellular Virology of Hepatitis C, Center for Infection & Immunity of Lille (CIIL), Inserm U1019, CNRS UMR8204, Université Lille Nord de France, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - E Parmentier-Decrucq
- Pôle de Réanimation, Hôpital Roger Salengro, Centre Hospitalier Régional et Universitaire de Lille, Université de Lille 2, Lille Cedex, France
| | - R Favory
- Pôle de Réanimation, Hôpital Roger Salengro, Centre Hospitalier Régional et Universitaire de Lille, Université de Lille 2, Lille Cedex, France
| | - M Kauv
- Pôle de Réanimation, Hôpital Roger Salengro, Centre Hospitalier Régional et Universitaire de Lille, Université de Lille 2, Lille Cedex, France
| | - E Kipnis
- Host-Pathogen Translational Research Group, Université de Lille 2, Lille Cedex, France; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 8204, F-59021 Lille, France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1019, F-59019 Lille, France; Département d'anesthésie-réanimation, Centre Hospitalier Régional et Universitaire de Lille, Lille Cedex, France
| | - D Mathieu
- Pôle de Réanimation, Hôpital Roger Salengro, Centre Hospitalier Régional et Universitaire de Lille, Université de Lille 2, Lille Cedex, France
| | | | - B Guery
- Host-Pathogen Translational Research Group, Université de Lille 2, Lille Cedex, France; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 8204, F-59021 Lille, France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1019, F-59019 Lille, France; Département d'anesthésie-réanimation, Centre Hospitalier Régional et Universitaire de Lille, Lille Cedex, France; Service de maladies infectieuses, Centre Hospitalier Régional et Universitaire de Lille, Lille Cedex, France
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17
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Goffard A, Lambert V, Salleron J, Herwegh S, Engelmann I, Pinel C, Pin I, Perrez T, Prévotat A, Dewilde A, Delhaes L. Virus and cystic fibrosis: rhinoviruses are associated with exacerbations in adult patients. J Clin Virol 2014; 60:147-53. [PMID: 24637203 PMCID: PMC7108260 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcv.2014.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2013] [Revised: 01/27/2014] [Accepted: 02/17/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Background Few studies have suggested the potential role of respiratory viruses in cystic fibrosis (CF) exacerbation, but their real impact is probably underestimated. Method Sixty-four sputum samples collected from 46 adult patients were included in the study: 33 samples were collected during exacerbation of CF, and 31 during the stable phase. After extraction, nucleic acids were tested for the presence of respiratory viruses. When rhinovirus (HRV) was detected, the 5′UTR and VP4/2 regions were sequenced, and phylogenetically analyzed. The characteristics of patients in exacerbation and stable phase were compared. Results Viruses were found in 25% of samples. The HRV viruses were the most frequently detected followed by coronaviruses. Only the HRV detection was significantly associated with the occurrence of CF pulmonary exacerbation (p < 0.027). Characterization of 5′UTR and VP4/2 regions of the HRV genome specified that HRV-A, -B, -C were detected. All HRV-C were recombinant HRV-Ca. Conclusions HRV were the most frequently detected viruses; their detection was significantly associated with the occurrence of an exacerbation. The reality of viral recombination between HRV was demonstrated in CF patients for the first time, raising the role of viruses in lung microbiota. Further studies are now warranted to decipher virus impact in CF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Goffard
- Department of Microbiology, Lille Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Lille, France; Molecular & Cellular Virology of Hepatitis C, Center of Infection and Immunity of Lille (CIIL), Inserm U1019, CNRS UMR 8204, Univ. Lille North of France.
| | - Valérie Lambert
- Department of Microbiology, Lille Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Lille, France
| | - Julia Salleron
- Department of Biostatistics, Lille Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Lille, France
| | - Stéphanie Herwegh
- Department of Microbiology, Lille Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Lille, France
| | - Ilka Engelmann
- Department of Microbiology, Lille Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Lille, France; Lille 2 University, Lille Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Laboratoire de Virologie/EA3610, Lille, France
| | - Claudine Pinel
- Department of Parasitology-Mycology, Grenoble Hospital, France
| | - Isabelle Pin
- Department of Pneumology and Immuno-Allergology, Grenoble Hospital, France
| | - Thierry Perrez
- Department of Pneumology and Immuno-Allergology, CRCM adulte, Calmette Hospital, Lille, France
| | - Anne Prévotat
- Department of Pneumology and Immuno-Allergology, CRCM adulte, Calmette Hospital, Lille, France
| | - Anny Dewilde
- Department of Microbiology, Lille Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Lille, France
| | - Laurence Delhaes
- Department of Microbiology, Lille Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Lille, France; Center of Infection and Immunology of Lille (CIIL), Institut Pasteur, Biology and Diversity of Emerging Eukaryotic Pathogens (BDEEP - EA4547), Lille, France; INSERM U1019, Lille, France
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18
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Riedweg-Moreno K, Wallet F, Blazejewski C, Goffard A. Successful management of Panton-Valentine leukocidine-positive necrotising pneumonia and A/H1N12009 influenzavirus coinfection in adult. BMJ Case Rep 2014; 2014:bcr-2013-201120. [PMID: 24436283 DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2013-201120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
This paper presents a case of community-acquired necrotising pneumonia due to Panton-Valentine leukocidine-positive methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus and A/H1N12009 influenzavirus co-infection in a 26-year-old woman. Despite the presence of pejorative prognostic factors, the clinical course of the patient was favourable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karena Riedweg-Moreno
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Microbiology, Lille University Hospital, Lille, France
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Guery B, Poissy J, el Mansouf L, Séjourné C, Ettahar N, Lemaire X, Vuotto F, Goffard A, Behillil S, Enouf V, Caro V, Mailles A, Che D, Manuguerra JC, Mathieu D, Fontanet A, van der Werf S. Clinical features and viral diagnosis of two cases of infection with Middle East Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus: a report of nosocomial transmission. Lancet 2013; 381:2265-72. [PMID: 23727167 PMCID: PMC7159298 DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(13)60982-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 273] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human infection with a novel coronavirus named Middle East Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) was first identified in Saudi Arabia and the Middle East in September, 2012, with 44 laboratory-confirmed cases as of May 23, 2013. We report detailed clinical and virological data for two related cases of MERS-CoV disease, after nosocomial transmission of the virus from one patient to another in a French hospital. METHODS Patient 1 visited Dubai in April, 2013; patient 2 lives in France and did not travel abroad. Both patients had underlying immunosuppressive disorders. We tested specimens from the upper (nasopharyngeal swabs) or the lower (bronchoalveolar lavage, sputum) respiratory tract and whole blood, plasma, and serum specimens for MERS-CoV by real-time RT-PCR targeting the upE and Orf1A genes of MERS-CoV. FINDINGS Initial clinical presentation included fever, chills, and myalgia in both patients, and for patient 1, diarrhoea. Respiratory symptoms rapidly became predominant with acute respiratory failure leading to mechanical ventilation and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO). Both patients developed acute renal failure. MERS-CoV was detected in lower respiratory tract specimens with high viral load (eg, cycle threshold [Ct] values of 22·9 for upE and 24 for Orf1a for a bronchoalveolar lavage sample from patient 1; Ct values of 22·5 for upE and 23·9 for Orf1a for an induced sputum sample from patient 2), whereas nasopharyngeal specimens were weakly positive or inconclusive. The two patients shared the same room for 3 days. The incubation period was estimated at 9-12 days for the second case. No secondary transmission was documented in hospital staff despite the absence of specific protective measures before the diagnosis of MERS-CoV was suspected. Patient 1 died on May 28, due to refractory multiple organ failure. INTERPRETATION Patients with respiratory symptoms returning from the Middle East or exposed to a confirmed case should be isolated and investigated for MERS-CoV with lower respiratory tract sample analysis and an assumed incubation period of 12 days. Immunosuppression should also be taken into account as a risk factor. FUNDING French Institute for Public Health Surveillance, ANR grant Labex Integrative Biology of Emerging Infectious Diseases, and the European Community's Seventh Framework Programme projects EMPERIE and PREDEMICS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benoit Guery
- Service de Gestion du Risque Infectieux, Vigilances et Infectiologie, Hopital Huriez, Pavillon Fourrier, Centre Hospitalier Régional et Universitaire de Lille, Université de Lille 2, Lille Cedex, France.
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Goffard A, Alidjinou E, Sané F, Choteau L, Bouquillon C, Caloone D, Lobert P, Hober D. Antibodies enhance the infection of phorbol-ester-differentiated human monocyte-like cells with coxsackievirus B4. Microbes Infect 2013; 15:18-27. [DOI: 10.1016/j.micinf.2012.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2012] [Revised: 10/05/2012] [Accepted: 10/06/2012] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Hober D, Sane F, Jaïdane H, Riedweg K, Goffard A, Desailloud R. Immunology in the clinic review series; focus on type 1 diabetes and viruses: role of antibodies enhancing the infection with Coxsackievirus-B in the pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes. Clin Exp Immunol 2012; 168:47-51. [PMID: 22385236 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2249.2011.04559.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Type 1 diabetes results from an interaction between genetic and environmental factors. Coxsackieviruses B (CV-B) are major environmental candidates, as suggested by epidemiological and experimental studies. The mechanisms leading to the disease involve interactions between the virus, host target tissue (pancreas) and the immune system. The infection of target cells with viruses can be prevented by antibodies. Conversely, the infection can be enhanced by antibodies. The antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE) of infection has been described with various viruses, especially Picornaviruses. In mice infected with CV-B3 this phenomenon resulted in an extended inflammatory reaction and myocarditis. In the human system non-neutralizing antibodies can increase the infection of monocytes with CV-B4 and stimulate the production of interferon (IFN)-α by these cells in vitro. CV-B4/immunoglobulin (Ig)G immune complexes interacted with a specific viral receptor [Coxsackievirus and adenovirus receptor (CAR)] and with IgG Fc fraction receptors (FcγRII and FcγRIII) at the surface of monocytes. The virus-antibody complexes are internalized (CAR) and receptors for the Fc of IgG (FcγRII and FcγRIII). Such antibodies have been detected in patients with type 1 diabetes and they could be responsible for the presence of enteroviral RNA and IFN-α in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) of these individuals. The target of enhancing antibodies has been identified as the VP4 protein, which allowed the detection of these antibodies by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). It cannot be excluded that antibodies enhancing the infection with CV-B may play a role in the pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes, induced or aggravated by these viruses. They can cause a viral escape from the immune response and may participate in the spreading of viruses to β cells. Whether enhancing antibodies raised against VP4 can play a role in iterative homologous and/or heterologous CV-B infections and in the persistence of viruses within the host deserves further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Hober
- Université Lille 2, CHRU Laboratoire de virologie EA3610, Institut Hippocrate CHRU, 152 Rue du Dr Yersin, Loos-lez-Lille, France.
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Goffard A, Sané F, Soumillon M, Hober D. Specificity of the coxsackievirus B4 VP4 capsid protein investigated in silico. Discov Med 2011; 12:153-158. [PMID: 21878192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The Enterovirus genus encompasses several species and various serotypes, like coxsackievirus-B1 (CV-B1) to CV-B6, and many variants. The role of these viruses, especially CV-B4, in the pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes is strongly suspected. It has been reported that antibodies directed towards the region of amino acids 11-30 of the VP4 capsid protein enhance the infection of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells with CV-B4. In order to predict the inter- and intra-serotype specificity of the region 11-30 of CV-B4 VP4, 362 available protein sequences of CV-B1 to -B6, CV-A9, and swine vesicular disease virus (SVDV) have been aligned and levels of homology have been calculated. Serine residue substitutions in this region of VP4 were observed without predictable subsequent modification of conformation or charge. The amino acids 16-24 region was the most variable. The sequence of amino acids 16-24 of the CV-B4E2 VP4 protein was highly homologous to those of other CV-B4 (64.4%) whereas there was no homology with CV-B3 and B5 and very low levels of homology with CV-B1 and B2 (3.3% and 9.9%, respectively). In conclusion, the bioinformatic analysis suggests that the region 16-24 of the VP4 capsid protein is the feature of the specificity of the target of infection-enhancing antibodies directed towards CV-B.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Goffard
- College of Pharmacy, Université Lille Nord de France, Lille Cedex, France
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23
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Jaïdane H, Sauter P, Sane F, Goffard A, Gharbi J, Hober D. Enteroviruses and type 1 diabetes: towards a better understanding of the relationship. Rev Med Virol 2010; 20:265-80. [PMID: 20629044 DOI: 10.1002/rmv.647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Environmental factors, especially viruses, are involved in the initiation or the acceleration of type 1 diabetes (T1D) pathogenesis. Epidemiological data strongly suggest that enteroviruses, such as coxsackievirus B4 (CV-B4), can be associated with T1D. It has been demonstrated that enterovirus infections were significantly more prevalent in at risk individuals, such as siblings of diabetic patients, when they developed anti-beta-cell autoantibodies or T1D, and in recently diagnosed diabetic patients, compared with control subjects. The isolation of CV-B4 from the pancreas of diabetic patients strengthened the hypothesis of a relationship between the virus and the disease. Studies performed in vitro and in vivo in animal models helped to discover mechanisms of the infection of pancreas and other tissues, potentially able to play a role in the pathogenesis of T1D. Interestingly, it cannot be excluded that enteroviruses behave as half-devil half-angel since experimental studies suggest that, in certain conditions, these agents would be able to protect individuals against the disease. All of the plausible mechanisms by which enterovirus may be related to T1D will be reviewed here.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hela Jaïdane
- Laboratoire de Virologie/EA3610 Pathogenèse Virale du Diabète de Type 1, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Lille Nord de France, CHRU Lille, Centre de Biologie et Pathologie et Parc Eurasanté, Lille Cedex, France
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24
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Williams V, Brichler S, Radjef N, Lebon P, Goffard A, Hober D, Fagard R, Kremsdorf D, Dény P, Gordien E. Hepatitis delta virus proteins repress hepatitis B virus enhancers and activate the alpha/beta interferon-inducible MxA gene. J Gen Virol 2009; 90:2759-2767. [PMID: 19625466 DOI: 10.1099/vir.0.011239-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Co-infection and superinfection of hepatitis B virus (HBV) with hepatitis delta virus (HDV) leads to suppression of HBV replication both in patients and in animal and cellular models. The mechanisms behind this inhibition have not previously been explored fully. HBV replication is governed by four promoters and two enhancers, Enh1 and Enh2. Repression of these enhancers has been reported to be one of the main mechanisms of HBV inhibition. Moreover, in a previous study, it has been demonstrated that alpha interferon (IFN-alpha)-inducible MxA protein inhibits HBV replication. HDV encodes two proteins, p24 and p27. p27 was shown to activate several heterologous promoters, including HBV promoters. In an attempt to analyse the mechanisms of HBV inhibition by HDV, the question was raised whether HDV proteins could act directly by repressing HBV enhancers, and/or indirectly by activating the MxA gene. This issue was addressed in a co-transfection model in Huh-7 cells, using p24- or p27-expressing plasmids along with Enh1, Enh2, HBV and MxA promoter-luciferase constructs. Enh1 and Enh2 were strongly repressed, by 60 and 80 % and 40 and 60 %, by p24 and p27, respectively. In addition, p27 was responsible for threefold activation of the MxA promoter and potentiation of IFN-alpha on this promoter. MxA mRNA quantification and a virus yield reduction assay confirmed these results. In conclusion, this study shows that HDV proteins inhibit HBV replication by trans-repressing its enhancers and by trans-activating the IFN-alpha-inducible MxA gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virginie Williams
- INSERM U845, Faculté de Médecine de Necker, Université Paris 5, France
- Service de Bactériologie, Virologie, Hygiène, Associé au Centre National de Référence des Hépatites B, C et Delta, Hôpital Avicenne, Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris, Université Paris 13, Faculté de Bobigny, France
| | - Ségolène Brichler
- INSERM U845, Faculté de Médecine de Necker, Université Paris 5, France
- Service de Bactériologie, Virologie, Hygiène, Associé au Centre National de Référence des Hépatites B, C et Delta, Hôpital Avicenne, Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris, Université Paris 13, Faculté de Bobigny, France
| | - Nadjia Radjef
- Service de Bactériologie, Virologie, Hygiène, Associé au Centre National de Référence des Hépatites B, C et Delta, Hôpital Avicenne, Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris, Université Paris 13, Faculté de Bobigny, France
| | - Pierre Lebon
- Laboratoire de Virologie, Hôpital Saint Vincent de Paul, Université Paris 5, France
| | - Anne Goffard
- Service de Virologie, UPRES EA 3610 Faculté de Médecine, Université Lille 2, Centre Hospitalier Régional et Universitaire de Lille, France
| | - Didier Hober
- Service de Virologie, UPRES EA 3610 Faculté de Médecine, Université Lille 2, Centre Hospitalier Régional et Universitaire de Lille, France
| | - Remi Fagard
- Laboratoire de Biochimie, Hôpital Avicenne, Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris, Université Paris 13, Faculté de Bobigny, France
| | - Dina Kremsdorf
- INSERM U845, Faculté de Médecine de Necker, Université Paris 5, France
| | - Paul Dény
- INSERM U871, Lyon, France
- Service de Bactériologie, Virologie, Hygiène, Associé au Centre National de Référence des Hépatites B, C et Delta, Hôpital Avicenne, Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris, Université Paris 13, Faculté de Bobigny, France
| | - Emmanuel Gordien
- INSERM U845, Faculté de Médecine de Necker, Université Paris 5, France
- Service de Bactériologie, Virologie, Hygiène, Associé au Centre National de Référence des Hépatites B, C et Delta, Hôpital Avicenne, Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris, Université Paris 13, Faculté de Bobigny, France
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Kairis B, Sauter P, Goffard A, Fronval S, Sane F, Hober D. Quand un entérovirus émerge. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009; 57:258-67. [DOI: 10.1016/j.patbio.2008.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2008] [Accepted: 06/13/2008] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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26
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Desailloud R, Goffard A, Page C, Kairis B, Fronval S, Chatelain D, Strunski V, Dubreuil A, Hober D. Detection of enterovirus RNA in postoperative thyroid tissue specimens. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 2009; 70:331-4. [PMID: 18616703 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2265.2008.03331.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Autoimmune thyroiditis is a very common disease. A genetic predisposition and environmental factors such as viruses are thought to contribute to the development of autoimmune thyroiditis. Enteroviruses, which are involved in other autoimmune diseases, are attractive candidates. OBJECTIVE To investigate the presence of enteroviral genome sequences in postoperative thyroid tissues with lymphocytic infiltration, a common histological feature of thyroiditis. SUBJECTS AND METHODS Postoperative thyroid specimens collected prospectively from 86 patients were blindly frozen at -80 degrees C. The presence of EV genome sequences in the samples was blindly investigated by real-time RT-PCR. Clinical data, histological findings and levels of anti-TPO antibodies were collected. RESULTS EV-RNA detection was positive (up to 36 cycles) or weakly positive (37-39 cycles) in 22 out of 86 patients (25%). EV-RNA (positive or weakly positive signal) was detected in 5 out of 27 (18.5%) thyroid specimens with lymphocytic infiltration, and in 17 out of 59 (29%) thyroid specimens without lymphocytic infiltration (P = 0.4). No correlation was observed between EV-RNA detection in thyroid and the presence of anti-TPOAb. EV-RNA was detected in 3 out of 11 patients histologically diagnosed as thyroiditis (27.3%) and in 18 out of 74 patients (24.3%) with thyroid tumours (multinodular goitre, adenoma and carcinoma) (P = 0.5) and in one patient with a normal thyroid. CONCLUSION EV-RNA can be detected in thyroid tissue from patients with various thyroid diseases, but there is no relationship between the presence of EV-RNA and thyroiditis. Further studies are needed to clarify the role of EV in thyroid diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Desailloud
- Laboratoire de Virologie/UPRES EA3610 Faculté de Médecine, Université Lille 2, CHRU Lille, Lille, France
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Goffard A, Beugin AS, Hober D, Ogiez J, Dewilde A. [Development of duplex real-time RT-PCR for detection of influenza virus A and B]. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008; 56:482-6. [PMID: 18835667 DOI: 10.1016/j.patbio.2008.07.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2008] [Accepted: 07/04/2008] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Influenza viruses continue to be accountable for winter outbreaks. The potential for developing complications is higher in certain risk groups, such as children, the elderly and individuals with chronic medical conditions. We have presented a duplex real-time RT-PCR for detection of influenza A and B. The sensibility of our method was estimated at 0.01TCID(50)/ml for detection of influenza A and 0.1TCID(50)/ml for influenza B. Any other viruses with respiratory tract tropism were detected with our method. After that, we tested our duplex RT-PCR on 119 samples (nasal aspirates and liquids of broncho-alveolar washes) collected in the CHRU of Lille between November 2005 and January 2006 from patients aged one month to 81 years. Conventional methods such as direct immunofluorescence (IF) assay and/or cell culture were applied on these samples. Four samples were positive for influenza A virus detection and, in particular, one liquid of broncho-alveolar wash for which the direct IF assay was negative. Thus, our method is adapted to diagnosis of flu infections. Nevertheless, our duplex RT-PCR will be tested during a flu outbreak.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Goffard
- Laboratoire de virologie, EA3610, faculté de médecine, CHRU-CBP et Eurasanté, université de Lille-2, 59037 Lille cedex, France.
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Sane F, Sauter P, Fronval S, Goffard A, Dewilde A, Hober D. [Fruit of the emergence of an enterovirus: acute haemorrhagic conjunctivitis]. Ann Biol Clin (Paris) 2008; 66:485-492. [PMID: 18957336 DOI: 10.1684/abc.2008.0257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2008] [Accepted: 07/11/2008] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
First seen in Ghana and Indonesia in the early 70's, acute haemorrhagic conjunctivitis or "Apollo 11" disease is an eye infection caused by Enterovirus type 70 (EV70). The disease appeared to be a highly contagious conjunctivitis which spread rapidly all over the world. EV70 has been considered as an emerging virus and was classified as a new Enterovirus. No human or animal virus genetically similar to EV70 was known before the sudden outcome of the disease in Ghana, West Africa. EV70 appeared as a pretty demonstrative example of virus emergence and virus spreading. Studies of virus genetic mutations emphasized the variations of RNA virus within a short time period. The current review presents the EV70 infection and the genetic profile of the virus from its emergence to nowadays.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Sane
- Laboratoire de virologie/UPRES EA 3610, Faculté de médecine, Université de Lille 2, CHRU de Lille
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29
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Jaïdane H, Goffard A, Gharbi J, Hober D. [Relationship between enteroviruses and diabetes]. Virologie (Montrouge) 2008; 12:187-200. [PMID: 36131456 DOI: 10.1684/12-3.2011.11043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Environmental factors, especially viruses, are involved in the initiation or the acceleration of type 1 diabetes (T1D) pathogenesis. Epidemiological data strongly suggest that enteroviruses, like coxsackievirus B4 (CV-B4), can be associated with T1D. It has been demonstrated that enterovirus infections were significantly more prevalent in at risk individuals, such as siblings of diabetic patients, when they developed anti-b cells autoantibodies or T1D, and in recently diagnosed diabetic patients, compared with control subjects. The isolation of CV-B4 from the pancreas of diabetic patients strengthened the hypothesis of a relationship between the virus and the disease. Studies performed in vitro and in vivo in animal models helped in discovering mechanisms of the infection of pancreas and other tissues, able to play a role in the pathogenesis of T1D. Interestingly, it cannot be excluded that enteroviruses behave as half-devil half-angel since experimental studies suggest that, in certain conditions, these agents would be able to protect individuals against the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Jaïdane
- Laboratoire de virologie/UPRES EA3610 « Pathogenèse virale du diabète de Type 1 », faculté de médecine, Université Lille-II CHRU Lille, centre de biologie pathologie et bâtiment Paul-Boulanger, CHRU Lille, 59037 Lille, France, Laboratoire de virologie LR99ES27, unité de pathogenèse & virulence virales, faculté de pharmacie de Monastir, avenue Avicenne, 5000 Monastir, Tunisia
| | - A Goffard
- Laboratoire de virologie/UPRES EA3610 « Pathogenèse virale du diabète de Type 1 », faculté de médecine, Université Lille-II CHRU Lille, centre de biologie pathologie et bâtiment Paul-Boulanger, CHRU Lille, 59037 Lille, France
| | - J Gharbi
- Laboratoire de virologie LR99ES27, unité de pathogenèse & virulence virales, faculté de pharmacie de Monastir, avenue Avicenne, 5000 Monastir, Tunisia
| | - D Hober
- Laboratoire de virologie/UPRES EA3610 « Pathogenèse virale du diabète de Type 1 », faculté de médecine, Université Lille-II CHRU Lille, centre de biologie pathologie et bâtiment Paul-Boulanger, CHRU Lille, 59037 Lille, France
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Sauter P, Chehadeh W, Lobert PE, Lazrek M, Goffard A, Soumillon M, Caloone D, Vantyghem MC, Weill J, Fajardy I, Alm G, Lucas B, Hober D. A part of the VP4 capsid protein exhibited by coxsackievirus B4 E2 is the target of antibodies contained in plasma from patients with type 1 diabetes. J Med Virol 2008; 80:866-78. [PMID: 18366069 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.21171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The capsid protein VP4 was identified previously as the target of antibodies contained in plasma enhancing the coxscakievirus B4 (CV-B4) E2-induced production of IFN-alpha by peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). The sequence of VP4 recognized by these antibodies was investigated. This sequence was identified as amino acids 11 to 30 by using synthetic overlapping peptides spanning VP4(CV-B4 E2) in competition experiments for antibodies enhancing the CV(B4 E2) induced production of IFN-alpha by PBMCs. This amino acid sequence was the major target of anti-VP4 antibodies according to enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA). There was a positive correlation between the levels of anti-VP4 and anti-VP4(11-30) peptide antibodies detected by ELISA. The levels and the prevalences of these antibodies were significantly higher in patients with type 1 diabetes than in healthy controls. The proportions and the levels of those antibodies in patients were independent of HLA-DR alleles, age, or presence of ketosis in blood and were not associated with newly or previously diagnosed disease. The VP4(CV-B4 E2) amino acid sequence was submitted to the Swiss-model in project mode to visualize the possible shape of the sequence of VP4 corresponding to amino acids 11-30 which appeared to be constituted principally by an non-structured loop. In conclusion, the sequence of VP4 corresponding to amino acids 11-30, or a part of it plays a role in the plasma-dependent enhancement of CV-B4 E2-induced production of IFN-alpha by PBMCs, suggesting that at 37 degrees C the virus exhibits that region of VP4 to antibodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Sauter
- Laboratoire de Virologie/UPRES EA3610, Faculté de Médecine-Université Lille 2, CHRU Lille, Lille, France
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31
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Lavie M, Goffard A, Dubuisson J. Assembly of a functional HCV glycoprotein heterodimer. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2007; 9:71-86. [PMID: 17489436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The two HCV envelope glycoproteins E1 and E2 are released from HCV polyprotein by signal peptidase cleavages. These glycoproteins are type I transmembrane proteins with a highly glycosylated N-terminal ectodomain and a C-terminal hydrophobic anchor. After their synthesis, HCV glycoproteins E1 and E2 associate as a noncovalent heterodimer. The transmembrane domains of HCV envelope glycoproteins play a major role in E1E2 heterodimer assembly and subcellular localization. The envelope glycoprotein complex E1E2 has been proposed to be essential for HCV entry. However, for a long time, HCV entry studies have remained limited because of the lack of a robust cell culture system to amplify this virus. A few years ago, a model mimicking the entry process of HCV lifecycle has been developed by pseudotyping retroviral particles with native HCV envelope glycoproteins. This model allowed the characterization of functional E1E2 envelope glycoproteins. The data obtained can now be confirmed with the help of a newly developed cell-culture system that allows efficient amplification of HCV (HCVcc). Here, we present the recent data that have been accumulated on the assembly of the functional HCV glycoprotein heterodimer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muriel Lavie
- Institut de Biologie de Lille (UMR8161), CNRS, Université de Lille I and II, and Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille, France
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Helle F, Goffard A, Morel V, Duverlie G, McKeating J, Keck ZY, Foung S, Penin F, Dubuisson J, Voisset C. The neutralizing activity of anti-hepatitis C virus antibodies is modulated by specific glycans on the E2 envelope protein. J Virol 2007; 81:8101-11. [PMID: 17522218 PMCID: PMC1951279 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.00127-07] [Citation(s) in RCA: 171] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) envelope glycoproteins are highly glycosylated, with up to 5 and 11 N-linked glycans on E1 and E2, respectively. Most of the glycosylation sites on HCV envelope glycoproteins are conserved, and some of the glycans associated with these proteins have been shown to play an essential role in protein folding and HCV entry. Such a high level of glycosylation suggests that these glycans can limit the immunogenicity of HCV envelope proteins and restrict the binding of some antibodies to their epitopes. Here, we investigated whether these glycans can modulate the neutralizing activity of anti-HCV antibodies. HCV pseudoparticles (HCVpp) bearing wild-type glycoproteins or mutants at individual glycosylation sites were evaluated for their sensitivity to neutralization by antibodies from the sera of infected patients and anti-E2 monoclonal antibodies. While we did not find any evidence that N-linked glycans of E1 contribute to the masking of neutralizing epitopes, our data demonstrate that at least three glycans on E2 (denoted E2N1, E2N6, and E2N11) reduce the sensitivity of HCVpp to antibody neutralization. Importantly, these three glycans also reduced the access of CD81 to its E2 binding site, as shown by using a soluble form of the extracellular loop of CD81 in inhibition of entry. These data suggest that glycans E2N1, E2N6, and E2N11 are close to the binding site of CD81 and modulate both CD81 and neutralizing antibody binding to E2. In conclusion, this work indicates that HCV glycans contribute to the evasion of HCV from the humoral immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- François Helle
- Institut de Biologie de Lille (UMR8161), CNRS, Université Lille I and II and Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille, France
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Goffard A, Lazrek M, Bocket L, Dewilde A, Hober D. [Role of N-linked glycans in the functions of hepatitis C virus envelope glycoproteins]. Ann Biol Clin (Paris) 2007; 65:237-46. [PMID: 17502294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2006] [Accepted: 02/22/2007] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is an enveloped virus and encodes two envelope glycoproteins, E1 and E2. E1 and E2 are transmembrane type I proteins with a N-terminal ectodomain and C-terminal anchor. During their synthesis, E1 and E2 ectodomains are targeted in the endoplasmic reticulum lumen where they are modified by N-linked glycosylation. After their synthesis, E1 and E2 assemble as a non-covalent heterodimer. The N-linked glycosylation is based on the recognition of specific asparagine residue in the context of the consensus sequence Asn-X-Ser/Thr. E1 contains potentially 4 or 5 N-linked glycosylation sites and E2 up to 11. Recent data indicated that some glycans of glycoproteins E1 and E2 play a major role in protein folding and heterodimer formation. Some N-linked glycans of E2 were involved in interactions with CD81, a putative cellular receptor for HCV. It appeared that N-linked glycans of E1 and E2 played an important role of in the viral entry.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Goffard
- Service de virologie, UPRES-EA3610, CHRU Lille, Faculté de médecine, Université Lille 2, Lille, France.
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Fronval S, Goffard A, Hober D. [Meetings on virology: 7th edition Lille, 4-5 October 2006. Viruses, markers of infection and diseases of unknown etiology]. Ann Biol Clin (Paris) 2007; 65:335-41. [PMID: 17665526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- S Fronval
- Service de virologie, UPRES-EA 3610, Faculté de médecine, Université de Lille 2, CHRU Lille, France
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Goffard A, Gault E, Rozenberg F, Moret N, Hober D, Dény P. Comparative sequence analysis of US28 gene of human cytomegalovirus strains isolated from HIV-positive patients. Virus Genes 2006; 33:175-81. [PMID: 16972032 DOI: 10.1007/s11262-005-0054-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2005] [Accepted: 11/28/2005] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Human Cytomegalovirus (HCVM) encodes several G-protein coupled receptors, such as US28 protein. We determined the US28 gene sequence from clinical isolates obtained from 17 Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)-infected patients with HCMV infection. Two types of clinical specimens were collected: peripheral blood leucocytes (PBLs) from 12 patients with HCMV-positive viremia and cerebro-spinal fluids (CSF) from five patients with HCMV-encephalitis. Comparison of US28 nucleotide sequences between clinical specimens and several HCMV reference strains showed that mutations were clustered at both ends of the gene. The mutations observed at the C-terminus were observed at some sequences whereas the mutations observed at the N-terminus lead us to define five patterns of mutations. These patterns were equally distributed among isolates obtained from CSF or PBLs of HIV-infected patients. For each clinical isolate, the gB genotype was determined. There was no genetic association between gB genotype and US28 patterns. The comparison of the results of the present study and those published from sequences obtained from children with HCMV congenital disease (Arav-Boger, 2002) demonstrates that two motifs appear especifically either in US28 protein sequences obtained from HIV-positive patients (motif 4) or in US28 protein sequences obtained from patients with congenital HCMV infection (motif 5/genotype B). The appearance of these patterns of mutations in other clinical context needs to be studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Goffard
- Laboratoire de Bactériologie-Virologie-Hygiène, EA 3406, UFR Santé, Médecine, Biologie Humaine, Université Paris 13, Hôpital Avicenne, 125 rue de Stalingrad, 93009 Bobigny Cedex, France
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Goffard A, Lazrek M, Schanen C, Lobert PE, Bocket L, Dewilde A, Hober D. [Emergent viruses: SARS-associate coronavirus and H5N1 influenza virus]. Ann Biol Clin (Paris) 2006; 64:195-208. [PMID: 16698555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2006] [Accepted: 03/20/2006] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Two viral agents with RNA genome are responsible for emerging illnesses: influenza virus A/H5N1 and Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome virus (SARS). For the diagnosis of SARS virus infection, an epidemiological investigation is necessary to know whether the patient has been exposed to a risk in a country where the SARS virus is circulating or whether the patient had worked in a laboratory handling SARS virus. The detection of SARS virus is possible in various clinical samples (including urine) by viral culture or RT-PCR. The handling of those samples and RNA extraction must be performed in a BSL3 laboratory. The SARS virus RT-PCR is poorly sensitive, therefore the test should be performed on samples collected consecutively for several days. In front of a suspicion of A/H5N1, similar procedures are recommended. An epidemiologic investigation is necessary to specify whether the patient stayed in a country where A/H5N1 virus was circulating. Clinical samples needed for a specific diagnosis are: nasopharyngeal, throat-swab or fecal samples, cerebrospinal fluid and blood. The presence of A/H5N1 virus is confirmed by viral isolation or RNA detection by RT-PCR. RNA extraction must be performed in a BSL3 laboratory. For diagnosis of A/H5N1 virus infection, RT-PCR test amplifies specifically a fragment of H5 gene (Hemagglutinin). In french laboratories of medical virology, procedures are ready to diagnose the first case of A/H5N1 virus infection and cases of reemerging SARS virus infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Goffard
- Service de virologie, UPRES-EA3610, CHRU Lille, Faculté de Médecine, Université Lille 2, Bâtiment P. Boulanger, Lille
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Lazrek M, Goffard A, Schanen C, Karquel C, Bocket L, Lion G, Devaux M, Hedouin V, Gosset D, Hober D. Detection of hepatitis C virus antibodies and RNA among medicolegal autopsy cases in Northern France. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 2006; 55:55-8. [PMID: 16490339 DOI: 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2005.10.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2005] [Revised: 10/03/2005] [Accepted: 10/29/2005] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Forensic medical personnel are at risk of exposure to blood-borne viruses including hepatitis C virus (HCV). The aim of this study was to determine prevalence of HCV markers among a cadaver population at the medicolegal institute in Lille. Seventy-seven consecutive cadavers were screened for antibodies to HCV and for HCV RNA. Positive results were confirmed by an immunoblot assay. Fifty-three cadavers had a histopathologic study. Anti-HCV was detected in 13 (16.9%) and accompanied by HCV RNA in 7 (9%) cases. The rate of HCV RNA detection among seropositive cases was 53.8%. Five cases had histopathologic lesions suggestive of hepatitis. This is the first HCV RNA screening in forensic cadavers. The results highlight the high prevalence rate of HCV cases in medicolegal practice in Lille. All forensic specimens should be treated as potentially infectious and universal precautions should be taken.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mouna Lazrek
- Service de Virologie/UPRES EA 3610, Bâtiment Paul Boulanger, CHRU Université Lille 2, 59037 Lille Cedex, France
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Chehadeh W, Lobert PE, Sauter P, Goffard A, Lucas B, Weill J, Vantyghem MC, Alm G, Pigny P, Hober D. Viral protein VP4 is a target of human antibodies enhancing coxsackievirus B4- and B3-induced synthesis of alpha interferon. J Virol 2006; 79:13882-91. [PMID: 16254324 PMCID: PMC1280186 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.79.22.13882-13891.2005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Coxsackievirus B4 (CVB4)-induced production of alpha interferon (IFN-alpha) by peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) is enhanced in vitro by nonneutralizing anti-CVB4 antibodies from healthy subjects and, to a higher extent, from patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. In this study, we focused on identification of the viral target of these antibodies in CVB systems. High levels of IFN-alpha were obtained in supernatants of PBMC incubated with CVB4E2 or CVB3 and plasma from healthy subjects and, to a higher extent, from patients. The VP4 capsid proteins dissociated by heating at 56 degrees C from CVB4E2 (VP4(CVB4)) and CVB3 (VP4(CVB3)) but not H antigen preincubated with plasma from healthy subjects or patients inhibited the plasma-dependent enhancement of CVB4E2- and CVB3-induced IFN-alpha synthesis. There was no cross-reaction between VP4(CVB4) and VP4(CVB3) in the inhibiting effect. IFN-alpha levels in culture supernatants showed dose-dependent correlation with anti-VP4 antibodies eluted from plasma specimens using VP4-coated plates. There were higher index values for anti-VP4 antibodies detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and higher proportions of positive detection in 40 patients than in 40 healthy subjects (80% versus 15% for anti-VP4(CVB4)). There was no relationship between the levels of anti-CVB neutralizing antibodies and the detection of anti-VP4 antibodies by ELISA. The CVB plasma-induced IFN-alpha levels obtained in PBMC cultures in the anti-VP4 antibody-positive groups were significantly higher than those obtained in the anti-VP4 antibody-negative groups regardless of the titers of anti-CVB neutralizing antibodies. These results show that VP4 is the target of antibodies involved in the plasma-dependent enhancement of CVB4E2- and CVB3-induced IFN-alpha synthesis by PBMC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wassim Chehadeh
- Service de Virologie/ UPRES EA3610, Faculté de Médecine, Université Lille 2, Bâtiment Paul Boulanger, CHRU Lille, 59037 Lille, France
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Lazrek M, Lobert PE, Goffard A, Schanen C, Dewilde A, Bocket L, Hober D. [Various approaches of therapeutic vaccination for the treatment of HIV type 1 infection]. Ann Biol Clin (Paris) 2005; 63:581-8. [PMID: 16330376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2005] [Accepted: 08/11/2005] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
HIV-1 infection is a major pandemic situation. With the advent of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), morbidity and mortality associated with HIV-1 infection have been dramatically reduced. However, HAART does not enable eradication of the virus. The efficacy of these new regimens is limited by problems over long-term use such as toxicity and resistance. Therapeutic vaccination is an alternative approach to HIV-1 infection. The main aim is to boost and reinforce virus-specific host immune responses. Several immunogens and schedules of immunization have been tested. In this review, various strategies designed for therapeutic vaccines for HIV-1 infection are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Lazrek
- Service de virologie, UPRES EA 3610, CHRU de Lille
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Goffard A, Callens N, Bartosch B, Wychowski C, Cosset FL, Montpellier C, Dubuisson J. Role of N-linked glycans in the functions of hepatitis C virus envelope glycoproteins. J Virol 2005; 79:8400-9. [PMID: 15956584 PMCID: PMC1143753 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.79.13.8400-8409.2005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 200] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) encodes two viral envelope glycoproteins. E1 contains 4 or 5 N-linked glycosylation sites and E2 contains up to 11, with most of the sites being well conserved, suggesting that they play an essential role in some functions of these proteins. For this study, we used retroviral pseudotyped particles harboring mutated HCV envelope glycoproteins to study these glycans. The mutants were named with an N followed by a number related to the relative position of the potential glycosylation site in each glycoprotein (E1N1 to E1N4 for E1 mutants and E2N1 to E2N11 for E2 mutants). The characterization of these mutants allowed us to define three phenotypes. For the first group (E1N3, E2N3, E2N5, E2N6, E2N7, and E2N9), the infectivities of the mutants were close to that of the wild type. The second group (E1N1, E1N2, E1N4, E2N1, and E2N11) contained mutants that were still infectious but whose infectivities were reduced to <50% that of the wild type. The third group (E2N2, E2N4, E2N8, and E2N10) contained mutants that had almost totally lost infectivity. The absence of infectivity of the E2N8 and E2N10 mutants was due to the lack of incorporation of the E1E2 heterodimer into HCVpp, which was due to misfolding of the heterodimer, as shown by immunoprecipitation with conformation-sensitive antibodies and by a CD81 pull-down assay. The absence of infectivity of the E2N2 and E2N4 mutants indicated that these two glycans are involved in controlling HCV entry. Altogether, the data indicate that some glycans of HCV envelope glycoproteins play a major role in protein folding and others play a role in HCV entry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Goffard
- CNRS-UPR2511, Institut de Biologie de Lille, France
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Hober D, Ajram L, Chehadeh W, Lazrek M, Goffard A, Dewilde A, Wattré P. [Mechanisms of imiquimod indirect antiviral activity]. Ann Biol Clin (Paris) 2005; 63:155-63. [PMID: 15771973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2004] [Accepted: 12/07/2004] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
The potential role of an immune response in HPV-related anogenital disorders had already been anticipated by clinicians. Indeed the lesions efflorescence and the relapsing HPV infection in HIV positive patients as well as the lack of recurrence in patients with spontaneous cure, provided relevant clues for a likely immune mechanism. At present time, the role of the immune system in the development of HPV-related anogenital disorders is well established : HPV induce a humoral and cell mediated immune response. This response is mainly exerted towards infected cells; it is also exerted at the systemic level, through antibodies synthesis, but this pathway remains a secondary one. Due to the limits of the present therapies (either purely destructive and characterized by the rate of recurrences, or antiviral, but difficult to use), it was necessary to find a new treatment type which enhances the local immune response, results in the disappearance of lesions and allows for a decrease in the risk of recurrences. The original mechanism of action of the first cell-mediated immune response modifier: imiquimod, for local use (Aldara 5 % cream) is an answer to this need. The first positive results observed in vitro and in animals were confirmed in patients with HPV anogenital warts in a double blind placebo-controlled study: imiquimod inhibits HPV replication and results in the condyloma regression. Its action is based on the combined activation of the natural local immunity, by stimulating interferon alpha; and of the acquired immunity, by stimulating a T-cell mediated immune response. Thus imiquimod appears to be an original antiviral compound, because it does not act directly on the virus itself.
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MESH Headings
- AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections/drug therapy
- AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections/immunology
- Adjuvants, Immunologic/administration & dosage
- Adjuvants, Immunologic/pharmacology
- Adjuvants, Immunologic/therapeutic use
- Adult
- Aminoquinolines/administration & dosage
- Aminoquinolines/pharmacology
- Aminoquinolines/therapeutic use
- Animals
- Antibodies, Viral/analysis
- Antiviral Agents/administration & dosage
- Antiviral Agents/pharmacology
- Antiviral Agents/therapeutic use
- Anus Diseases/drug therapy
- Anus Diseases/immunology
- Anus Diseases/surgery
- Condylomata Acuminata/drug therapy
- Condylomata Acuminata/immunology
- Condylomata Acuminata/surgery
- Disease Models, Animal
- Female
- Follow-Up Studies
- Genital Diseases, Female/drug therapy
- Genital Diseases, Female/immunology
- Genital Diseases, Female/surgery
- Genital Diseases, Male/drug therapy
- Genital Diseases, Male/immunology
- Genital Diseases, Male/surgery
- HIV Seropositivity
- Haplorhini
- Humans
- Imiquimod
- Immunity, Cellular
- Interferon Inducers/administration & dosage
- Interferon Inducers/pharmacology
- Interferon Inducers/therapeutic use
- Male
- Mice
- Ointments
- Papillomaviridae/drug effects
- Papillomaviridae/immunology
- Placebos
- Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
- Rats
- Recurrence
- T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic/immunology
- Time Factors
- Treatment Outcome
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Affiliation(s)
- D Hober
- Service de virologie, Upres EA3610 CHRU, Lille, France.
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Bocket L, Cheret A, Deuffic-Burban S, Choisy P, Gerard Y, de la Tribonnière X, Viget N, Ajana F, Goffard A, Barin F, Mouton Y, Yazdanpanah Y. Impact of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Subtype on First-Line Antiretroviral Therapy Effectiveness. Antivir Ther 2005. [DOI: 10.1177/135965350501000206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Objective The effectiveness of antiretroviral treatment (ART) was compared in 416 naive patients from a French clinical cohort infected with B and non-B HIV-1 subtypes. Methods Time to HIV viral load (VL) undetectability was calculated for each subtype group. Three other parameters were estimated 3, 6 and 12 months after enrolment: clinical progression (that is, AIDS-defining events or death), changes in CD4 cell counts from baseline and proportion of patients achieving an undetectable VL (<400 HIV-RNA copies/ml). Results In this cohort, 317 patients (76%) were infected with a B subtype and 99 (24%) with a non-B subtype. Median time to VL undetectability was similar in the B subtype group [147 days, 95% confidence interval (CI) 119–165] and non-B subtype group (168 days, 95% CI: 105–234; P=0.16). After adjusting for AIDS-defining events at enrolment, baseline CD4 cell counts and VL, and for the treatment on which patients were initiated, no association was found between HIV subtypes and time to VL undetectability (B subtype vs non-B subtype: hazard ratio=0.80, 95% CI: 0.62–1.02, P=0.07). In the 3, 6 and 12 months after enrolment, subtype had no impact on clinical progression, CD4 cell count or VL responses to ART. This suggests that B and non-B subtypes do not affect first-line therapy efficacy, which is encouraging in view of the worldwide spread of non-B HIV-1 subtypes and the increasing availability of ART in developing countries. However, in this study we did not take into account individual non-B subtype species, therefore further studies should be designed to evaluate the efficacy of these regimens in patients with particular non-B subtypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurence Bocket
- Virology Department, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Lille, France
| | - Antoine Cheret
- Infectious Diseases Department, Centre Hospitalier de Tourcoing, France
| | | | - Philippe Choisy
- Infectious Diseases Department, Centre Hospitalier de Tourcoing, France
| | - Yann Gerard
- Infectious Diseases Department, Centre Hospitalier de Tourcoing, France
| | | | - Nathalie Viget
- Infectious Diseases Department, Centre Hospitalier de Tourcoing, France
| | - Faïzo Ajana
- Infectious Diseases Department, Centre Hospitalier de Tourcoing, France
| | - Anne Goffard
- Virology Department, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Lille, France
| | - Francis Barin
- Virology Department, CNR du VIH, CHU Bretonneau, Tours, France
| | - Yves Mouton
- Infectious Diseases Department, Centre Hospitalier de Tourcoing, France
| | - Yazdan Yazdanpanah
- Infectious Diseases Department, Centre Hospitalier de Tourcoing, France
- CRESGE-LABORES CNRS URA 362, Lille, France
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Bocket L, Cheret A, Deuffic-Burban S, Choisy P, Gerard Y, de la Tribonnière X, Viget N, Ajana F, Goffard A, Barin F, Mouton Y, Yazdanpanah Y. Impact of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 subtype on first-line antiretroviral therapy effectiveness. Antivir Ther 2005; 10:247-54. [PMID: 15865219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The effectiveness of antiretroviral treatment (ART) was compared in 416 naive patients from a French clinical cohort infected with B and non-B HIV-1 subtypes. METHODS Time to HIV viral load (VL) undetectability was calculated for each subtype group. Three other parameters were estimated 3, 6 and 12 months after enrolment: clinical progression (that is, AIDS-defining events or death), changes in CD4 cell counts from baseline and proportion of patients achieving an undetectable VL (<400 HIV-RNA copies/ml). RESULTS In this cohort, 317 patients (76%) were infected with a B subtype and 99 (24%) with a non-B subtype. Median time to VL undetectability was similar in the B subtype group [147 days, 95% confidence interval (CI) 119-165] and non-B subtype group (168 days, 95% CI: 105-234; P=0.16). After adjusting for AIDS-defining events at enrolment, baseline CD4 cell counts and VL, and for the treatment on which patients were initiated, no association was found between HIV subtypes and time to VL undetectability (B subtype vs non-B subtype: hazard ratio=0.80, 95% CI: 0.62-1.02, P=0.07). In the 3, 6 and 12 months after enrolment, subtype had no impact on clinical progression, CD4 cell count or VL responses to ART. This suggests that B and non-B subtypes do not affect first-line therapy efficacy, which is encouraging in view of the worldwide spread of non-B HIV-1 subtypes and the increasing availability of ART in developing countries. However, in this study we did not take into account individual non-B subtype species, therefore further studies should be designed to evaluate the efficacy of these regimens in patients with particular non-B subtypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurence Bocket
- Virology Department, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Lille, France.
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Bocket L, Yazdanpanah Y, Ajana F, Gerard Y, Viget N, Goffard A, Alcaraz I, Wattré P, Mouton Y. Thymidine analogue mutations in antiretroviral-naive HIV-1 patients on triple therapy including either zidovudine or stavudine. J Antimicrob Chemother 2003; 53:89-94. [PMID: 14645320 DOI: 10.1093/jac/dkh006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS The aims of this study were to: (i) determine the incidence of thymidine-associated mutations (TAMs) in an observational clinical cohort of naive HIV-1 patients who stopped first-line therapy including either zidovudine or stavudine; and (ii) assess the immunological and virological responses to subsequent second-line therapy in patients who switched from zidovudine to stavudine or conversely. PATIENTS AND METHODS Plasma samples from 165 patients who stopped first-line antiretroviral therapy containing either zidovudine or stavudine were examined for the presence of drug-resistant genotypes. Subsequent second-line immunological and virological follow-up was performed in 136 patients who switched from zidovudine to stavudine and conversely. RESULTS Among the 93 patients who stopped first-line therapy including zidovudine and the 72 who stopped first-line therapy including stavudine, genotypic resistance testing was available for 67 (72%) and 54 (75%), respectively. The presence of TAMs was significantly more frequent in the zidovudine than the stavudine group (23.8% versus 5.5; P = 0.006). The short- and long-term immunological and virological responses to second-line therapy were comparable in the zidovudine and stavudine groups, despite different baseline profiles of viral resistance (median increase in CD4 cells/mm3 at 1 year of therapy, 118 versus 119; viral load <400 copies/mL, 47% versus 47%). CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that TAMs occur in more patients on antiretroviral regimens including zidovudine than on regimens including stavudine. Although the results from observational studies should be interpreted cautiously, these findings may be useful in determining the optimal sequencing of zidovudine and stavudine for the treatment of naive HIV-1-infected patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurence Bocket
- Service Universitaire de Virologie, Centre Hospitalier Régional de Lille, Lille, France.
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Goffard A. [Report of the 5th French-speaking virology conference, Paris, April 10-11, 2003]. Ann Biol Clin (Paris) 2003; 61:728-30. [PMID: 14717119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- A Goffard
- Laboratoire de virologie, CHU, Lille
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Abstract
Enveloped viruses are surrounded by a membrane derived from the host-cell that contains proteins called "envelope proteins". These proteins play a major role in virus assembly and entry. In most of the enveloped viruses, they are modified by N-linked glycosylation which is supposed to play a role in their stability, antigenicity and biological functions. Glycosylation is also known to play a major role in the biogenesis of proteins by being directly and/or indirectly involved in protein folding. Recent studies on hepatitis C virus (HCV) envelope proteins have revealed a complex interplay between cleavage by signal peptidase, folding and glycosylation. The knowledge that has been accumulated on the early steps of glycosylation of these proteins is presented in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Goffard
- CNRS-UPR2511, Institut de Biologie de Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille, France
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Goffard A. [Report of the Fourth French Virology Meeting (Paris, Apr 25-26, 2002)]. Ann Biol Clin (Paris) 2002; 60:735-9. [PMID: 12446243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- A Goffard
- Laboratoire de virologie, CHU, Lille, France
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Goffard A, Leteurtre S, Andréoletti L, Dewilde A, Leclerc F, Hober D, Wattré P. [Postinfection encephalitis: a previously unrecognized complication of measles]. Ann Biol Clin (Paris) 1998; 56:483-4. [PMID: 9754287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- A Goffard
- Laboratoire de virologie, Institut Gernez-Rieux, CHU, Lille
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Krzesinski JM, Warling X, Goffard A, Rorive G. [Does dopamine play a role in renal anomaly in sodium excretion, a marker for hereditary predisposition to arterial hypertension?]. Arch Mal Coeur Vaiss 1989; 82:1245-8. [PMID: 2510656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Since Dahl's observation, a renal defect os sodium excretion is proposed as one of pathogenetic mechanism of hypertension (HTA). Our study has tried to verify this concept in 20 young normotensives with (n = 12) and without (n = 8) familial predisposition to HTA, allowing to test the genetic transmission of such potential renal abnormality of sodium balance. Each people was submitted to 3 different Na diet (20, 170 and 340 mM NaCl) each for 1 week. At each visit, blood pressure, vascular resistances, biological values were determined at rest (plasma renin activity, creatinine clearance, 24 hours before the test, catecholamines, aldosterone and ion urinary excretion). Then 1 liter of isotonic saline was perfused in 30 minutes with measures of blood pressure and 3 hours urinary dopamine and Na excretion. During the low and medium Na diets, but not during the high Na diet, the natriuresis and dopamine excretion were lower in the 3 hour urine collection in patients with a family history of HTA (p less than 0.02 and p less than 0.005, respectively). No other clinical or biological difference was noted between the 2 groups. Thus, genetic hypertensive predisposition seems to be characterized by a lower Na excretion during acute Na loading in normal or depleted Na diet, linked to an impaired urinary dopamine excretion. These findings suggest that the defect responsible for the susceptibility to sodium intake is at the kidney level. Some dopamine agonists would be of great therapeutical value in treating such patients when blood pressure begins to rise.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Krzesinski
- Département néphrologie-hypertension (B35), CHU Sart Tilman, Liège,Belgique
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